خفق

1 خَفْقٌ signifies The striking, or slapping, (JK, S, K,) a thing, [so as to make a slight sound,] with a دِرَّة [q. v.], (JK, K,) or with something broad. (JK, S, K.) You say, خَفَقَهُ, (Mgh, Msb,) aor. ـِ [and خَفُقَ], inf. n. خَفْقٌ, (Msb,) He struck, or slapped, him, or it, [so as to make a slight sound,] with something broad, (Mgh, Msb,) such as a دِرَّة. (Msb.) And خَفَقَهُ, aor. ـِ and خَفُقَ, He struck him slightly, [or so as to make a slight sound,] with a sword, (S, K,) and with a whip, and with a دِرَّة. (TA.) And خَفَقَ الأَرْضَ بِنَعْلِهِ He struck the ground [so as to make a sound] with his sandal. (S, TA.) b2: And hence, i. e. from خَفَقَهُ as first explained above, (Mgh,) The sounding [of the patting, or pattering,] (JK, Mgh, K) of the sandal, (JK, K,) or of the sandals, (Mgh,) and the like: (TA:) and خَفْقُ الأَقْدَامِ عَلَى الأَرْضِ [the sounding of the patting, or pattering, of the feet upon the ground]. (Az, in TA, art. همس.) You say, خَفَقَ النَّعْلُ The sandal made a sound, or sounds. (Msb.) b3: and خَفَقَتِ الرَّايَةُ, aor. ـِ and خَفُقَ, inf. n. خَفْقٌ and خَفَقَانٌ (S, K) and خُفُوقٌ, (TA,) The banner, or standard, was, or became, in a state of commotion; moved, or went, to and fro; trembled; fluttered; or quivered; (S, K;) as also ↓ اختفقت: (JK, K:) and in the same sense the former verb is used in speaking of the heart; (S, Msb;) خَفَقَانُ القَلْبِ signifying the fluttering, or palpitating, of the heart; (JK, T, K;) and in like manner خَفَقَانُ الجِنَاحِ the fluttering, or flapping, of the wing: (JK:) so, too, the former verb is used in speaking of the mirage; (S, K;) and ↓ the latter verb likewise; (Lth, K;) and Ru-beh, by poetic license, makes the ف of [the inf. n.] الخَفْق to be with fet-h, in his saying, مُشْتَبِهِ الأَعْلَامِ لَمَّاعِ الخَفَقْ [Indistinct in respect of the signs of the way, glistening much in the quivering, or fluttering]: (S, K:) in like manner, also, the former verb is used in speaking of lightning, (S, * TA,) inf. n. خَفْقٌ; (S;) and of a sword, and of the wind, and the like: and ↓ اخفق, said of the heart, and of lightning, and of a sword, and [اخفقت said] of a banner, or standard, and of the wind, signifies the same: (TA:) or خَفَقَتِ الرِّيحُ, (S,) inf. n. خَفَقَانٌ, (S, TA,) signifies The wind made a rustling, or murmuring, or confused and continued, sound. (S, TA. *) And خَفَقَتِ النَّاقَةُ The she-camel broke wind, with a sound. (K.) b4: خَفَقَ said of a bird, [because of the flapping, or sound, of its wings,] It flew. (S, K.) See also 4, first sentence. And said of an arrow, [because of its whizzing,] It went swiftly. (TA.) And خَفَقَ فِى البِلَادِ, inf. n. خُفُوقٌ, He went away into, or in, the countries, or lands, &c. (TA.) b5: Also, said of a man, [in the CK, فُلَانًا is erroneously put for فُلَانٌ,] He moved, or shook, his head, (S, K,) or bent [down] his head, (TA,) [or nodded,] being drowsy, or dozing; (S, K, TA;) as also ↓ اخفق: (Sgh, K:) or he drowsed, or dozed: (Mgh:) or he had a fit of drowsiness, or dozing, and then awoke: (TA:) or he slept; (JK, TA;) so says Ibn-Háni; (TA;) aor. ـِ and خَفُقَ, (JK,) inf. n. خُفُوقٌ. (TA.) And خَفَقَ بِرَأْسِهِ

أَوْ خَفْقَتَيْنِ ↓ خَفْقَةً, (Mgh, Msb,) occurring in a trad., (Mgh,) He bent [down] his head, without the rest of his body, [or nodded,] once, or twice, being taken by a fit of drowsiness, or dozing. (Msb.) It is said in another trad., كَانَتْ رُؤُوسُهُمْ

أَوْ خَفْقَتَيْنِ ↓ تَخْفِقُ خَفْقَةً [Their heads used to nod by reason of drowsiness, or dozing, once or twice]. (S.) And in another, كَانُوا يَنْتَظِرُونَ العِشَآءَ حَتَّى تَخْفِقُ رُؤُوسُهُمْ, i. e. [They used to wait for nightfall until] they slept so that their chins dropped upon their breasts. (TA.) b6: خَفَقَتِ النُّجُومُ, inf. n. خُفُوقٌ, The stars set, or disappeared. (S.) And خَفَقَ النَّخْمُ, (JK, Mgh, K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. خُفُوقٌ, (K,) The star, or the asterism, [or the Pleiades,] set, or disappeared; (JK, Mgh, K;) as also ↓ اخفق: (JK:) or the former signifies the star, &c., went down in the place of setting; and in like manner the verb is used in speaking of the moon; (TA;) and of the sun: (IAar, TA:) and النُّجُومُ ↓ اخفقت signifies the stars retired to the place of setting: (S, K:) or, as some say, shone with a flickering light, or glistened, or shone brightly: [because of their twinkling, or apparent quivering: or] as though the ا in the verb had a privative effect. (TA.) One says, وَرَدْتُ خُفُوقَ النَّجْمِ, meaning [I came] at the time of the setting of the Pleiades; making the inf. n. an adv. n. [of time]. (S, TA.) b7: Hence, (Mgh, TA,) or, as some say, from the same word as signifying “ the act of striking [or slapping],” (TA,) الخَفْقُ signifies The act of inserting; (Mgh;) [i. e.] the causing the penis to become concealed in the vulva; (K;) or the act of copulation: (JK:) or [rather] the penis' becoming concealed in the vulva. (Az, TA.) b8: خَفَقَ اللَّيْلُ The night for the most part passed away: (JK, K:) [and in like manner the verb is said of the day:] see خَافِقٌ. b9: خَفَقَ المَكَانُ The place was, or became, void, or unoccupied. (TA.) b10: خُفُوقٌ in a horse is The being slender, or lean, in the belly. (AO, K. [See خَفِقٌ.]) 4 اخفق, said of a bird, It beat with [or flapped] its wings: (S, K:) and بِجِنَاحَيْهِ ↓ خَفَقَ [signifies the same]. (S and K in art. رنق.) And اخفق بِثَوْبِهِ He (a man) made a sign with his garment, by raising it, and waving it. (S, Z, Sgh, K.) b2: Said of the heart, and of lightning, and of a sword, &c.: see 1. b3: And said of a drowsy, or dozing, man: see 1. b4: Also He (a man who had gone on a warring and plundering expedition) failed of obtaining any spoil: (A'Obeyd, S, Mgh, K, and Ham p. 157, and Har p. 26:) because he becomes in a shaky, or unsteady, condition, at that time: or because his travelling-bags become unsteady, or shake about, by reason of their lightness and emptiness: so that the verb is of the same category as أَعْطَشَ [meaning “ his camels thirsted ”] and أَجْرَبَ [meaning “ he had his camels affected with the mange, or scab]: (Har ubi suprà:) or the proper signification is, he found the spoil to be not stationary: (TA:) or it means he returned disappointed of spoil, or of predatory warfare: (JK:) or he was disappointed of that for which he hoped. (Ham p. 157.) And He (a hunter or fowler) returned without having taken any game. (S, K.) And His property became little. (TA.) You say also, اخفق فِى زَادِهِ He (a man) had his travelling-provisions all spent, or consumed, [so that his provision-bags, being empty, shook about.] (JK.) and طَلَبَ حَاجَةً فَأَخْفَقَ (S, K) He sought an object of want, and failed of obtaining it. (K.) b5: اخفق النَّجْمُ, and اخفقت النُّجُومُ: see 1.

A2: اخفق فُلَانًا He threw down, or prostrated, such a one on the ground. (AA, K.) 8 إِخْتَفَقَ see 1, in two places.

مِشْفَرٌ خَفِقٌ A camel's lip flaccid, or pendulous. (JK.) b2: فَرَسٌ خَفِقٌ and خَفِقَةٌ and ↓ خُفَقٌ and خُفَقَةٌ A horse, or mare, slender, or lean, in the belly: sometimes the animal is so by nature; sometimes, by reason of loss of flesh; and sometimes, by being jaded: (AO, K:) sometimes, also, they said خَفِقُ الأَحْشَآءِ; at other times using the epithet by itself: (AO, TA:) pl. [masc.] خِفَاقٌ and [fem.] خَفِقَاتٌ and خُفَقَاتٌ. (AO, K.) خُفَقٌ and [its fem.] with ة: see خَفِقٌ.

خَفْقَةٌ [A single nodding of the head, by reason of drowsiness, or dozing]: see 1, in two places: (Mgh, Msb:) a slight, or light, sleep. (TA.) It is said in a trad. respecting Ed-Dejjál [or Antichrist], يَخْرُجُ فِى خَفْقَةٍ مِنَ الدِّينِ, explained as meaning [He will come forth] in a time when religion will be drowsy, or dozing, by reason of weakness. (TA.) b2: مَضَى خَفْقَةٌ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ meansA period (سَاعَةٌ) of the night passed. (JK.) b3: And one says, سَيْرُ اللَّيْلِ الخَفْقَتَانِ وَسَيْرُ النَّهَارِ البَرْدَانِ [The time of] the journeying of the night is the first part thereof and the last part thereof, and [that of] the journeying of the day is the morning, between daybreak and sunrise, and the evening, between sunset and nightfall. (TA.) A2: See also the next paragraph, in two places.

خِفْقَةٌ, (K,) or, as in the Tekmileh, ↓ خَفْقَةٌ, (TA,) A thing with which one strikes, or beats, such as a thong, or strap, or a دِرَّة [q. v.]. (K, TA.) [See also مِخْفَقَةٌ.]

A2: And the former, (K,) or ↓ the latter, (JK,) A smooth desert in which is [the kind of mirage termed] آل: (JK, K:) so says Lth. (TA.) [See also مَخْفَقٌ.]

خِفَاقٌ A garment with which one makes a sign, by raising it, and waving it. (JK.) خَفُوقٌ: see خَافِقٌ. b2: Also A she-camel that breaks wind [often], with a sound. (K.) خَفَّاقٌ [Flapping, or flapping much;] applied to a wing. (TA.) And applied to a bird, [because of the sound of its wings,] meaning Flying. (TA.) b2: أَرْضٌ خَفَّاقَةٌ A land in which the سَرَابِ [or mirage] quivers. (TA.) b3: خَفَّاقُ القَدَمِ A man broad in the fore part of the foot: (S, K:) or broad in the under part, or sole, of the foot: (JK, TA:) or having the foot light upon the ground; not heavy, nor slow: (IAar, TA:) or quick in step, beating the ground much with the foot so that it makes a sound of flapping to be heard by reason of the vehemence of his tread. (Ham p. 173.) b4: خَفَّاقَةُ الحَشَى A woman lank in the belly. (S, L, K, TA.) خَفَّاقَةٌ fem. of خَفَّاقٌ [q. v.]. b2: [Hence,] الخَفَّاقَةُ The anus. (IDrd, K.) خَافِقٌ [act. part. n. of خَفَقَ in all its senses]. It is applied as an epithet to the سَرَاب [or mirage, as meaning Quivering]: and so ↓ خَفُوقٌ [but with an intensive signification]. (JK.) and [the fem. pls.] خَوَافِقُ and خَافِقَاتٌ are used as [substs.] signifying Banners, or standards, [because of their fluttering.] (TA.) b2: Applied to a man, Moving, or shaking, his head, or bending it [down, or nodding], when drowsy, or dozing. (TA.) b3: [Hence, app.,] رَأَيْتُ فُلَانًا خَافِقَ العَيْنِ (tropical:) I saw such a one with the eye cast down, and depressed in the head [as though drowsy]. (TA.) b4: أَيَّامُ الخَافِقَاتِ Certain days in which the stars [in great number] became scattered (تَنَاثَرَتْ [in the CK, erroneously, تَناصَرَتْ]), [causing a belief that the day of judgment was at hand, (see Kur lxxxii. 2,)] in the time of Abu-l-'Abbás and Aboo-Jaafar, (K, TA,) the 'Abbásees. (TA.) b5: الخَافِقَانِ is a term applied to The place of sunrise and the place of sunset, (AHeyth, JK, Mgh, K,) by the attribution of predominance to the latter; for الخَافِقُ, meaning the disappearing, is applied to the place of sunset: (AHeyth, TA:) or the horizon (أُفُق) of the place of sunrise and that of the place of sunset; (S, K;) accord. to Lth (TA) and ISk, (S, TA,) because the night and the day for the most part pass away (↓ يَخْفِقَانِ, so in the T and S, but in the K, erroneously, يَخْتَلِفَانِ, TA) between them, (T, TA,) or in them: (S, TA:) or the two [opposite] extremities of the heaven and the earth: (As, Sh, K:) or the end of the heaven and earth: (Khálid Ibn-Jembeh, K:) or two vacant spaces (هَوَاآنِ) next to the two [opposite] sides of the earth: (Khálid Ibn-Jembeh, TA:) and خَوَافِقُ السَّمَآءِ signifies The regions of the heaven from which issue the four [cardinal] winds. (Khálid Ibn-Jembeh, K.) One says, مَابَيْنَ الخَافِقَيْنِ مِثْلُهُ There is not between the place of sunrise and the place of sunset the like of him. (TA.) And أَلْحَقَهُ اللّٰهُ بِالخَافِقِ and بِالخَوَافِقِ [May God remove him to the place of sunset and to the four cardinal regions of the heaven or earth]. (TA.) b6: خَافِقٌ also signifies A place void of, or unoccupied by, any one to cheer by his presence. (TA.) خَيْفَقٌ, applied to a desert (فَلَاةٌ), Wide, (S, K,) in which the سَرَاب [or mirage] quivers. (S.) b2: Applied to a horse or mare, (JK, S, K, TA,) mostly to a female, (IDrd, TA,) and a she-camel, (IDrd, JK, K,) and a male ostrich, (IDrd, S, K,) Quick, or swift: (K:) or very quick or swift: (JK, S:) and ↓ خَنْفَقِيقٌ, (so in some copies of the K,) or ↓ خَيْفَقِيقٌ, (so in other copies of the K and in the JK and O, and so written by A'Obeyd,) each correct, the ن in the former and the ى in the latter augmentative, (MF, TA,) is applied to a she-camel and a male ostrich, (JK, K,) in the former sense, as is also خَيْفَقٌ, (JK,) or in the latter sense. (A'Obeyd, K.) Accord. to some, applied to a she-camel, it signifies Lean, or lank, in the belly; having little flesh. (TA.) And, applied to a woman, Long in the رُفْغَانِ [app. here meaning the two inguinal creases], slender in the bones, and wide in step. (El-Kilábee, K.) Also, applied to a woman, Quick and bold; and so ↓ خَنْفَقِيقٌ: (TA:) or the latter, so applied, signifies light, active, or agile, and bold: and Sb says that the ن in it is augmentative; deriving it from خَفْقُ الرِّيحِ [explained above: see 1]. (S.) b3: Also i. q. دَاهِيَةٌ [meaning either A calamity, or, as an epithet, very cunning]; (AA, K;) and so ↓ خَنْفَقِيقٌ; which latter occurs in a verse, variously related, applied to a child brought forth by a woman who had been in labour a whole night; (S, K;) meaning داهية; or, as some explain it, in this instance, meaning imperfectly formed; (TA;) [and is also used as a corroborative of داهية; for] one says ↓ دَاهِيَةٌ خَنْفَقِيقٌ [a great, or severe, calamity; or extremely cunning]. (S.) خَنْفَقِيقٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in four places.

A2: Also, (as in some copies of the K,) or ↓ خَيْفَقِيقٌ, (as in other copies of the K and in the JK, and thus written by Lth,) a word imitative of The sound of the running of horses (JK, K) in which is a quivering, or convulsive, motion. (K.) خَيْفَقِيقٌ: see خَيْفَقٌ: A2: and see also خَنْفَقِيقٌ.

مَخْفَقٌ A place, (TA,) or a level land, (As, TA,) in which the سَرَاب [or mirage] quivers. (As, TA.) [See also خِفْقَةٌ.] b2: And [the pl.]

مَخَافِقُ signifies The places of setting [of stars]: and is used as [a sing.,] meaning the place of setting of a star. (Ham p. 152.) [See also خَافِقٌ.]

مِخْفَقٌ A broad sword: (JK, S, K:) or anything broad with which one strikes. (Mgh.) مِخْفَقَةٌ A دِرَّة [q. v.] (JK, S, K) with which one strikes [or flogs]: (S:) or (so in the K, but in the JK “ and ”) a whip of wood: (JK, K:) so says Lth. (TA.) مَخْفُوقٌ A man (T) having a fluttering, or palpitation, of the heart. (IDrd, * T, K. *) b2: and Possessed, bereft of reason, or insane; syn. مَجْنُونٌ: (AA, K:) fem. with ة. (AA.)

عته

1 عُتِهَ, (Mgh, Msb, K, and so accord. to copies of the S,) inf. n. عَتَاهَةٌ and عَتَاهِيَةٌ, (Mgh, Msb,) [but see the former of these below,] and عَته [app. عَتْهٌ], (Mgh,) or عَتْهٌ and عُتْهٌ and عُتَاهٌ; (K;) and (Msb, TA) عَتِهَ, (Msb, TA, and so in one of my copies of the S in the place of عُتِهَ, and said in the TA to be mentioned by J,) on the authority of Akh, and also mentioned by IKtt, (TA,) inf. n. عَتَهٌ, (Msb, TA,) which is mentioned by A'Obeyd as of the inf. ns. from which no verbs are derived, (so in my copies of the S, in some copies of which this remark applies to تَعَتُّهٌ,) and عَتَاهٌ, with fet-h; (Msb;) He (a man, TA) was idiotic, or an idiot, i. e. deficient, or wanting, in intellect; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) or one who had lost his intellect; (K;) or bereft of his intellect, or so in consequence of shame or fear &c., syn. دُهِشَ; (Mgh, Msb, K;) without diabolical possession, or madness: (Mgh, Msb:) or, accord. to IAar, عُتِهَ signifies he (a man) was, or became, possessed, or mad. (Ham p. 680.) [See also العَتَهُ, below.] b2: عُتِهَ فِى العِلْمِ He was, or became, addicted, attached, or devoted, to knowledge, or science, and vehemently desirous thereof. (K.) b3: And عُتِهَ فِى فُلَانٍ He was, or became, addicted to annoying such a one, and mimicking his speech. (K.) 5 تَعَتُّهٌ signifies The being, or becoming, or the feigning oneself, possessed, or mad; syn. تَجَنُّنٌ: and the being, or becoming, foolish, stupid, unsound in intellect, or deficient therein, and lax, or languid; syn. رُعُونَةٌ. (S, K.) [تَعَتَّةَ بِجَارِيَةٍ, occurring in this art. in the TA, app. means He was, or became, infatuated by love of a girl, or young woman.] b2: Also The feigning ignorance. (K.) b3: And The feigning oneself unmindful, or heedless. (K.) One says, هُوَ يَتَعَتَّهُ لَكَ عَنْ كَثِيرٍ

مِمَّا تَأْتِيهِ i. e. He feigns himself unmindful, or heedless, [to thee, of much that thou dost, or] of thee, in much that thou dost. (TA.) b4: And The affecting cleanliness, (K, TA,) and nicety, or refinement: (TA:) and the exceeding the usual bounds in dress and eating. (K, TA.) One says, تَعَتَّهَ فِى كَذَا He affected nicety, or refinement, and exceeded the usual bounds, in such a thing. (TA.) عَتَهٌ [see 1, first sentence, where it is mentioned as an inf. n.]. العَتَهُ is An evil affection, of essential origin, necessarily occasioning unsoundness in the intellect; so that the person affected therewith becomes confused in intellect; and therefore some of his speech resembles that of the intelligent; and some, that of the possessed, or mad: it differs from السَّفَهُ; for this does not resemble possession, or madness. (KT.) عُتَهٌ and ↓ عُتَهِىٌّ (so in the TA as from the K [but not found by me in the latter]) and ↓ عُنْتُهٌ and ↓ عُنْتُهِىٌّ (so too in the TA, but not as from the K, [though I find these two words without the two preceding in the copies of the K that I have been able to consult,]) A man who greatly exceeds the usual bounds in an affair. (K, TA.) عُتَهِىٌّ: see what next precedes. b2: It is also a subst. from التَّعَتُّهُ, of the measure فُعَلِىٌّ: thus in the saying of Ru-beh [which is cited in the Ham p. 680], فِى عُتَهِىِّ اللُّبْسِ وَالتَّقَيُّنِ [In affecting cleanliness, or nicety, or refinement, or in exceeding the usual bounds, in dress; and in self-adornment]. (TA.) عَتِيهٌ: see عَاتِهٌ.

عَتَاهَةٌ a subst. from عُتِهَ [app. in all its senses; i. e., meaning Idiocy; &c.; though it might be supposed, from the manner in which it is mentioned, to be a subst. from عُتِهَ in the last only of the senses above assigned to it]; (K, TA;) as also ↓ عَتَاهِيَةٌ: (TA:) or each is an inf. n. of that verb [q. v.]. (Mgh, Msb.) b2: See also the next paragraph.

عَتَاهِيَةٌ: see عَتَاهَةٌ. b2: Also Foolish, or stupid: and so ↓ عُتَاهِيَةٌ; (Akh, S, K, TA;) applied to a man. (TA.) b3: And, in a pl. sense, The erring of mankind; and so ↓ عَتَاهَةٌ; (K, TA;) which latter signifies also, in a pl. sense, foolish, or stupid. (TA.) عُتَاهِيَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

عَاتِهٌ A man addicted to annoying another, and mimicking his speech; (K, TA;) as also ↓ عَتِيهٌ: (TA:) pl. [accord. to analogy, of the latter, but mentioned in the K as of the former,] عُتَهَآءُ. (K, TA.) عُنْتُهٌ and see عُتَهٌ.

عُنْتُهِىٌّ: see عُتَهٌ.

مُعَتَّهٌ Intelligent, and symmetrical in make: and also possessed, or mad, and incongruous in make: thus having two contr. significations. (K, TA.) مَعْتُوهٌ Idiotic, or an idiot, i. e. deficient, or wanting, in intellect; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) or one who has lost his intellect; (K;) or bereft of his intellect, or so in consequence of shame or fear &c.; (Mgh, Msb, K;) without diabolical possession, or madness: (Mgh, Msb:) also expl. as signifying possessed, or mad; smitten, or afflicted, in his intellect. (TA.) عتو and عتى 1 عَتَا, aor. ـْ inf. n. عُتُوٌّ (S, Msb, K) and عُتِىٌّ and عِتِىٌّ, (S, K,) of which عُتُوٌّ is the original form, one [i. e. the second] of the two dammehs being changed into a kesreh and therefore the و into ى and then the other dammeh being assimilated to the kesreh, (S, TA,) He behaved proudly, (Msb, K,) and was immoderate, inordinate, or exorbitant: (K:) he was excessively, immoderately, or inordinately, proud or corrupt or unbelieving: (AO, TA; and so in a copy of the S as on the authority of A'Obeyd:) or he revolted, recoiled, or was averse, from obedience: (Er-Rághib, TA:) and ↓ تَعَتَّيْتُ signifies the same as عَتَوْتُ; (S, K;) or I [disobeyed, or] did not obey; (TA;) and so does عَتَيْتُ; (K, accord. to some copies; but in some, عَتِيتُ;) or, accord. to J and others, one should not say عَتَيْتُ. (TA.) It is said in the Kur [li. 44], فَعَتَوْا عَنْ

أَمْرِ رَبِّهِمْ (TA) i. e. But they turned with disdain from obeying the command of their Lord. (Bd, Jel.) b2: [Hence,] عَتَتِ الرِّيحُ (assumed tropical:) The wind blew immoderately. (IKtt, TA.) b3: And عَتَا said of and old man, (S, Msb, K, [but in my copy of the Msb الشى is put for الشيخ,]) aor. ـْ (S, Msb,) inf. n. عُتُوٌّ (S, Msb) and عِتِىٌّ, (S,) or عُتِىٌّ and عَتِىٌّ, with damm and also with fet-h, (K,) He became advanced in age, and in a declining state: (S, Msb, * K:) [or he became dried up; as is shown by what here follows.] It is said in the Kur [xix. 9], accord. to one reading, وَقَدْ بَلَغْتُ مِنَ الْكِبَرِ عُتِيًّا, (TA,) from عَتَا It became dried up; (Ksh, * Jel;) said of wood, or a branch; as also عَسَا: (Ksh:) the meaning here being, [And I have reached] the extreme degree of old age: (Jel:) or dryness, and hardness, or rigidness, in the joints and the bones; like the dry wood or branch. (Ksh.) 5 تَ1َ2َّ3َ see the preceding paragraph.

عَتِىٌّ: see عَاتٍ.

عَتَّى a dial. var. of حَتَّى, (S, K,) of the dial. of Hudheyl and Thakeef. (S.) عَاتٍ part. n. of 1; (S, Msb, K;) Proud, (Msb, K,) and immoderate, inordinate, or exorbitant: (K:) excessively, immoderately, or inordinately, proud (Mgh) [or corrupt or unbelieving: or revolting, recoiling, or averse, from obedience: (see 1:)] i. q. جَبَّارٌ: (Mgh, TA:) and ↓ عَتِىٌّ signifies the same: (K:) pl. عُتِىٌّ, (S, Msb, K,) originally [عُتُوٌّ,] of the measure فُعُولٌ, (Msb,) the [former] و being changed into ى, agreeably with a rule which, Mohammad Ibn-Es-Seree says, should be observed in a word of this [class and] measure when it is a pl., though not [generally] when it is an inf. n., (S, TA,) or this is pl. of عَتِىٌّ, and the pl. of عَاتٍ is عُتَاةٌ. (TA.) [See also أَعْتَآءٌ, below.] b2: Also Advanced [and declining] in age: [or dried up: (see 1, last sentence but one:)] pl. عُتِىٌّ. (Msb.) b3: and لَيْلٌ عاتى [a mistranscription, the latter word being correctly عَاتٍ,] A night intensely dark. (TA.) أَعْتَى Most [and more] excessive, immoderate, or inordinate, in pride [&c.: see عَاتٍ]. (Mgh.) أَعْتَآءٌ [a pl., app. of عَاتٍ, like as أَصْحَابٌ is of صَاحِبٌ,] applied to men as meaning دُعَّارٌ [i. e. Who act corruptly, or vitiously; who transgress the command of God; or who commit adultery or fornication; &c.]. (ISd, K, TA.)

غلظ

1 غَلُظَ, aor. ـُ (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K;) and غَلَظَ, aor. ـِ (Sgh, K;) inf. n. [of the former] غِلَظٌ (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K) and ↓ غِلَاظَةٌ and ↓ غِلْظَةٌ (S, * O, K, * TK) and ↓ غُلْظَةٌ and ↓ غَلْظَةٌ, (O, K, * TK,) all are inf. ns. of غَلُظَ, (O,) or the last three, the second and third of which are mentioned in the Bári', on the authority of IAar, are simple substs.; (Msb;) and perhaps غَلْظٌ may be an inf. n. [of the latter verb]; (ISd, TA;) It (a thing, Msb) was, or became, thick, gross, big, bulky, or coarse; (Mgh, Msb, K;) it (a thing) became غلِّيظ; as also ↓ استغلظ. (S.) You say, غَلُظَ جِسْمُهُ His body was, or became, thick, &c. (Mgh.) And الزَّرْعُ ↓ استغلظ i. q. غَلُظَ, (Jel in xlviii. 29,) The seed-produce became thick: (Bd:) or strong: (Msb:) or well grown and thick: and in like manner one says of any plant or tree: (TA:) and غَلُظَتِ السُّنْبُلَةُ, and ↓ استغلظت, the ear of corn produced grain. (K.) [And غَلْظَ الثَّوْبُ The garment, or piece of cloth, was thick, or coarse.] And غَلُظَتِ الأَرْضُ, inf. n. غِلَظٌ, and perhaps غَلْظٌ may be also an inf. n. [of this verb, or, more probably, of غَلَظَت], The land was, or became, rough, or rugged. (ISd. TA.) [In this sense, also, غَلُظَ is used in relation to various things.] b2: [Said of a colour, It was dense, or deep: see غَلِيظٌ.] b3: Also (tropical:) He was, or became, characterized by غِلْظَة, the contr. of رِقَّة, in manners, disposition, action or conduct, speech, life, and the like; (TA;) i. e., rough; coarse; rude; unkind; hard; churlish; uncivil; surly; hard to deal with; incompliant; unobsequious; evil in disposition; illnatured; or the like (S, by its explanation of غِلْظَةٌ and غِلَاظَةٌ; and Msb: *) and in like manner, [as meaning it was, or became, hard, or difficult, and the like, (see غَلِيظٌ,)] it is said of an affair: (TA:) and ↓ تغلّظ is said of a crime; meaning it was gross, or great; but this is accord. to analogy only; not on the authority of hearsay. (Mgh.) It is said in the Kur [ix. 74, and lxvi. 9], واغْلُظْ عَلَيْهِمْ And use thou roughness towards them: (Bd in lxvi. 9:) and some read وَاغْلِظْ, with kesr to the ل. (TA.) [See also غِلْظَةٌ, below.]2 غلّظ الشَّىْءَ, inf. n. تَغْلِيظٌ, He made, or rendered, the thing غَلِيظ [in the proper sense, i. e., thick, gross, big, bulky, or coarse; &c.: b2: and also, and more commonly, in a tropical sense, i. e., (tropical:) hard, or difficult, and the like]: (TA:) and غلّظ عَلَيْهِ الشَّىْءَ, inf. n. as abuse, (tropical:) [he made the thing hard, or difficult, or the like, to him;] and hence دِيَةٌ مَغَلَّظَةٌ, which see below. (S, TA,) [Hence also,] غَلَّظْتُ اليَمِينَ, inf. n. as above, (assumed tropical:) I made the oath strong, or forcible; I confirmed, or ratified, it: (Msb;) [and so ↓ أَغْلَظْتُهَا; for you say,] حَلَفَ بِإِغْلَاظِ اليَمِينِ (tropical:) [He swore, making the oath strong, &c.]. (TA.) And غَلَّظْتُ عَلَيْهِ فِى

اليَمِينِ, inf. n. as above, (assumed tropical:) I was hard, rigorous, or severe, to him in the oath. (Msb.) b3: تَغْلِيظٌ in pronunciation: see تَفْخِيمٌ.3 مُغَالَظَةٌ is similar to مُعَارَضَةٌ (assumed tropical:) [The act of mutually opposing, and app. with roughness, coarseness, or the like]: (TA:) and signifies a state of mutual enmity or hostility. (IDrd, K.) See غِلْظَةٌ, below, last sentence.4 اغلظ الثَّوْبَ He found the garment, or piece of cloth, to be thick, or coarse: (K:) or he bought it thick, or coarse: (S, K:) the former is the more correct: (O:) or the former only is correct. (TS.) b2: اغلظت اليَمِينَ: see 2.

A2: اغلظ [is also intrans., and signifies] He (a man, Ibn-'Abbád) alighted, or alighted and abode, in a rough, or rugged, tract of land. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) b2: اغلظ لَهُ فِى القَوْلِ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) (tropical:) He was, or became, rough, harsh, coarse, rude, uncivil, or ungentle, to him in speech: (Mgh, Msb, K:) one should not say غلّظ. (TA.) 5 تَغَلَّظَ see 1, near the end.

استغلظ: see 1, in three places.

A2: استغلظهُ He saw it to be, regarded it as, or esteemed it, thick, gross, big, bulky, or coarse. (Msb.) He abstained from purchasing it (namely a garment, or piece of cloth, S) because of its thickness, or coarseness. (S, K.) غَلْظٌ Rough, or rugged, land or ground; (ISd, K;) mentioned on the authority of Ibn-'Abbád; and by AHn, on the authority of En-Nadr; but it has been repudiated: and is said to be correctly ↓ غِلَظٌ: ISd says, of the former word, “I know not whether it be [properly] syn. with غَلِيظٌ, or whether it be an inf. n. used as an epithet: ”

accord. to Kr, it signifies hard land without stones: Ks says that غَلْظٌ is syn. with ↓ غِلَظٌ. (TA.) غِلَظٌ: [see 1: b2: and] see غَلْظٌ, in two places.

غَلْظَةٌ: see what next follows.

غُلْظَةٌ: see what next follows.

غِلْظَةٌ and ↓ غُلْظَةٌ and ↓ غَلْظَةٌ: see 1: these three forms are mentioned by Zj, (TA,) and in the Bári', (Msb, TA,) on the authority of IAar, (Msb,) and by Sgh; but the first of them [only] is commonly known: (TA:) they are substs. from غَلُظَ; and signify Thickness, grossness, bigness, bulkiness, or coarseness. (Msb.) [And Roughness, or ruggedness.] b2: Also (tropical:) Contr. of رِقَّةٌ, in manners, disposition, action or conduct, speech, life, and the like; (TA;) i. e. roughness, coarseness, rudeness, unkindness, hardness, churlishness, incivility, surliness, roughness in manners, hardness to deal with, incompliance, unobsequiousness, evilness of disposition, illnature, or the like: (S, Msb: *) and in like manner, hardness, or difficulty, of an affair. (TA, as shown by an explanation of غَلِيظٌ.) You say, رَجُلٌ فِيهِ غِلْظَةٌ (tropical:) A man in whom is roughness, coarseness, rudeness, &c.; (S, Msb; *) as also ↓ غِلَاظَةٌ. (S.) And it is said in the Kur [ix. 124], وَلْيَجِدُوا فِيكُمْ غِلْظَةٌ, in which the last word is pronounced in the three different ways shown above, accord. to different readers; meaning (tropical:) [And let them find in you] hardness, or strength, or vehemence, and superiority in fight: (TA:) or hardness, or strength, or vehemence, and patient endurance of fight: (Bd:) or hardness, or strength, or vehemence, in enmity and in fight and in making captives. (Mgh.) And you say, بَيْنَهُمَا غِلْظَةٌ (tropical:) Between them two is enmity, or hostility; as also ↓ مُغَالَظَةٌ. (IDrd, K.) غُلَاظٌ: see what next follows.

غَلِيظٌ (S, &c.) Thick, gross, big, bulky, or coarse; (Mgh, Msb, K;) as also ↓ غُلَاظٌ: (K:) fem. of the former with ة: (TA:) and pl. غِلَاظٌ. (Msb, TA.) Applied [to a body, &c.; and, as meaning Thick, or coarse,] to a garment, or piece of cloth. (Mgh, K.) You say also, أَرْضٌ غَلِيظَةٌ Rough, or rugged, land. (ISd, TA.) [And in this sense, of rough, or rugged, غَلِيظٌ is used in relation to various things.] b2: Applied to a colour [Dense, or deep: see غَضْبٌ]. (K in art. غضب.) b3: Also, applied to a man, (tropical:) Characterized by غِلْظَة, the contr. of رِقَّة, in manners, disposition, action or conduct, speech, life, and the like; rough, coarse, rude, unkind, hard, churlish, uncivil, surly, rough in manners, hard to deal with, incompliant, unobsequious, evil in disposition, illnatured, or the like: (Msb, * TA:) and so غَلِيظُ الجَانِبِ; [contr. of لَيِّنُ الجَانِبِ:] (O and K in art. فظ:) and غَلِيظُ القَلْبِ hard-hearted; (Bd in iii. 153;) evil in disposition, or illnatured. (TA.) Applied also to an affair, meaning (tropical:) Hard, or difficult. (TA.) And to punishment, [in the Kur xi. 61, &c.,] meaning (tropical:) Vehement, or severe; (Mgh;) intensely painful. (Msb.) And [in like manner] to slaying and wounding. (TA.) and to a compact, or covenant, [in the Kur iv. 25, &c.,] meaning (tropical:) Strong, confirmed, or ratified. (Mgh, TA.) And to water, meaning (tropical:) Bitter. (TA.) غِلَاظَةٌ: see 1, first sentence; and غِلْظَةٌ.

أَغْلَظُ comparative and superlative of غَلِيظٌ [in all its senses]. (IJ.) دِيَةٌ مُغَلَّظَةٌ (assumed tropical:) [A bloodwit, or fine for bloodshed, made hard, rigorous, or severe;] one which is incumbent for what is like an intentional homicide; (S;) or for a homicide purely intentional, and for that which is intentional but committed in mistake, and for that which is committed in the sacred territory, and for the slaughter of a kinsman; (EshSháfi'ee;) consisting of thirty camels of the description termed حِقَّة, and thirty of that termed جَذَعَة, and forty between the ثَنِيَّة and the بَازِل, all pregnant. (Esh-Sháfi'ee, K.) And يَمِينٌ مُغَلَّظَةٌ (assumed tropical:) [An oath made strong or forcible, or confirmed, or ratified.] (S.) b2: العَوْرَةُ المُغَلَّظَةُ: see عَوْرَةٌ.

مُسْتَغْلَظُ [The thick part of the fore arm]. (TA.)

رَحا البِطْريق:
ببغداد على الصّراة، حدث أبو زكرياء، ولا أعرفه، قال: دخلت على أبي العبّاس الفضل بن الربيع يوما فوجدت يعقوب بن المهدي عن يمينه ومنصور بن المهدي عن يساره ويعقوب بن الربيع عن يمين يعقوب بن المهدي وقاسما أخاه عن يسار منصور بن المهدي، فسلّمت فأومأ بيده إليّ بالانصراف، وكان من عادته إذا أراد أن يتغدّى معه أحد من جلسائه أو أهل بيته أمر غلاما له يكنى أبا حيلة أن يردّه إلى مجلس في داره حتى يحضر غداؤه ويدعو به، قال: فخرجت فردّني أبو حيلة فدخلت فإذا عيسى بن موسى كاتبه قاعد فجلسنا حتى حضر الغداء فأحضرني وأحضر كتّابه وكانوا أربعة: عيسى ابن موسى بن أبيروز وعبد الله بن أبي نعيم الكلبي وداود بن بسطام ومحمد بن المختار، فلمّا أكلنا جاءوا بأطباق الفاكهة فقدّموا إلينا طبقا فيه رطب فأخذ الفضل منه رطبة فناولها ليعقوب بن المهدي وقال له:
إن هذا من بستان أبي الذي وهبه له المنصور، فقال له يعقوب: رحم الله أباك فإنّي ذكرته أمس وقد اجتزت على الصراة برحا البطريق فإذا أحسن موضع فإذا الدور من تحتها والسوق من فوقها وماء غزير حادّ الجرية، فقال له: فمن البطريق الذي نسبت هذه الرحا إليه، أمن موالينا هو أم من أهل دولتنا أم من الغرب؟ فقال له الفضل: أنا أحدّثك حديثه:
لما أفضت الخلافة إلى أبيك المهدي، رضي الله عنه، قدم عليه بطريق كان قد أنفذه ملك الروم مهنّئا له فأوصلناه إليه وقرّبناه منه فقال المهدي للربيع:
قل له يتكلّم، فقال الربيع للترجمان ذلك، فقال البطريق: هو بريّ من دينه وإلّا فهو حنيف مسلم إن كان قدم لدينار أو لدرهم ولا لغرض من أغراض الدنيا ولا كان قدومه إلّا شوقا إلى وجه الخليفة، وذلك أنّا نجد في كتبنا أن الثالث من آل بيت النبي، صلّى الله عليه وسلّم، يملأها عدلا كما ملئت جورا فجئنا اشتياقا إليه، فقال الربيع للترجمان:
تقول له قد سرّني ما قلت ووقع مني بحيث أحببت
ولك الكرامة ما أقمت والحباء إذا شخصت وبلادنا هذه بلاد ريف وطيب فأقم بها ما طابت لك ثمّ بعد ذلك فالإذن إليك، وأمر الربيع بإنزاله وإكرامه، فأقام أشهرا ثمّ خرج يوما يتنزّه ببراثا وما يليها، فلمّا انصرف اجتاز إلى الصراة فلمّا نظر إلى مكان الأرحاء وقف ساعة يتأمّله، فقال له الموكلون به:
قد أبطأت فإن كانت لك حاجة فأعلمنا إيّاها، فقال: شيء فكّرت فيه، فانصرف، فلمّا كان العشي راح إلى الربيع وقال له: أقرضني خمسمائة ألف درهم، قال: وما تصنع بها؟ قال: أبني لأمير المؤمنين مستغلّا يؤدّي في السنة خمسمائة ألف درهم، فقال له الربيع: وحقّ الماضي، رحمه الله، وحياة الباقي، أطال الله بقاءه، لو سألتني أن أهبها لغلامك ما خرجت إلّا ومعه، ولكن هذا أمر لا بدّ من إعلام الخليفة إيّاه وقد علمت أن ذاك كذلك.
ثمّ دخل الربيع على المهدي وأعلمه فقال: ادفع إليه خمسمائة ألف وخمسمائة ألف وجميع ما يريد بغير مؤامرة، قال: فدفع ذلك الربيع إليه فبنى الأرحاء المعروفة بأرحاء البطريق، فأمر المهدي أن تدفع غلّتها إليه، وكانت تحمل إليه إلى سنة 163، فإنّه مات فأمر المهدي أن تضمّ إلى مستغلّه، وقال: كان اسم البطريق طارات بن الليث بن العيزار بن طريف بن القوق بن مروق، ومروق كان الملك في أيّام معاوية، وقال كاتب من أهل البندنيجين يذم مصر بأبيات ذكرت في مصر وبعدها:
يا طول شوقي واتّصال صبابتي، ... ودوام لوعة زفرتي وشهيقي
ذكر العراق فلم تزل أجفانه ... تهمي عليه بمائها المدفوق
ونعيم دهر أغفلت أيّامنا ... بالكرخ في قصف وفي تفنيق
وبنهر عيسى أو بشاطئ دجلة ... أو بالصّراة إلى رحا البطريق
سقيا لتلك مغانيا ومعارفا ... عمرت بغير البخل والتضييق
ما كان أغناه وأبعد داره ... عن أرض مصر ونيلها الممحوق
لا تبعدنّ صريم عزمك بالمنى، ... ما أنت بالتقييد بالــمخفوق
فز بالرّجوع إلى العراق وخلّها، ... يمضي فريق بعد جمع فريق