سر

ى1 سَرَى, (S, M, K,) or سَرَى اللَّيْلَ (Msb) and بِاللَّيْلِ, (Mgh, Msb,) aor. ـْ (K,) inf. n. سُرًى (S, M, Mgh, K) and مَسْرًى (S, K) and سَرْيَةٌ and سُرْيَةٌ (M, K) and سِرَايَةٌ; (S, * and TA as from the K, but not in the CK nor in my MS. copy of the K;) the first of a form rare among inf. ns., because it is one of the forms of pls., as is shown by the fact that some of the Arabs make it and هُدًى fem., namely, Benoo-Asad, supposing them to be pls. of سُرْيَةٌ and هُدْيَةٌ, (S,) and Lh knew not سُرًى but as a fem. noun; (M;) or the inf. n. is سَرْىٌ, and سُرْيَةٌ and سَرْيَةٌ are more special [in meaning, as will be shown below, voce سَرْيَةٌ], and سُرًى is pl. of سُرْيَةٌ; (Msb;) or سَرْيَةٌ is an inf. n. un., and سُرْيَةٌ is a simple subst., and so is سُرًى, (S, TA,) and so is سِرَايَةٌ (Msb, TA) also, as some say; (TA;) He journeyed, or travelled, by night, or in the night, (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) in a general sense; (M, K;) accord. to Az, in the first part part of the night, and in the middle thereof, and in the last part thereof; (Msb, TA;) and ↓ اسرى signifies the same (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K) in the dial. of El-Hijáz, (S, Msb,) inf. n. إِسْرَآءٌ; (M;) as also ↓ استرى; (M, K;) and perhaps ↓ تسرّى likewise. (Mgh.) [See also سُرًى and سَرْيَةٌ below.] It is said in a prov., ذَهَبُوا إِسْرَاءَ ↓ قُنْفُذٍ‏ [They went away in the manner of a hedge-hog's night-travelling; meaning they went away by night]; because the قنفذ goes all the night, not sleeping. (M.) b2: [Hence, as denoting unseen progress,] it is said also of the root of a tree, meaning It crept along beneath the ground; (Az, M, K;) aor. as above, (M,) inf. n. سَرْىٌ. (TA.) b3: And it is said of ideal things, as being likened to corporeal things; tropically, and by extension of the signification; (Msb, TA;) or metaphorically; [as, for instance,] of calamities, and wars, and anxieties: (M, TA:) and the predominant inf. ns. [in these cases] are سِرَايَةٌ and سَرَيَانٌ. (TA.) One says, سَرَى عِرْقُ السُّوْءِ فِى الإِنْسَانِ (tropical:) [The root, or strain, of evil crept in the man]. (Es-Sarakustee, Msb, TA.) And سَرَى فِيهِ السَّمُّ (tropical:) [The poison crept in him, or pervaded him]; and similarly one says of wine; and of the like of these two things. (El-Fárábee, Msb, TA. [See also دَبَّ.]) And the lawyers say, سَرَى الجُرْحُ إِلَى النَّفْسِ (tropical:) [The wound extended to the soul], meaning that the pain of the wound continued until death ensued in consequence thereof: (Mgh, * Msb, TA:) and قُطِعَ كَفُّهُ فَسَرَى إِلَى سَاعِدِهِ (tropical:) [His hand was cut off, and it extended to his upper arm], meaning that the effect of the wound passed by transmission: and سَرَى التَّحْرِيمُ, and العِتْقُ, (tropical:) The prohibition, and the emancipation, [extended, or] passed by transmission: phrases current among the lawyers, but not mentioned in books of repute, though agreeable with others here preceding and following. (Msb, TA.) One says also, سَرَى عَلَيْهِ الهَمُّ (tropical:) Anxiety came to him [or upon him] by night: and سَرَى هَمُّهُ (tropical:) His anxiety went away. (Msb, TA.) and similar to these is the phrase in the Kur [lxxxix. 3], وَاللَّيْلِ إِذَا يَسْرِ (tropical:) And by the night when it goes away: (Msb, TA:) or, as some say, when one journeys in it; like as one says لَيْلٌ نَائِمٌ meaning “ night in which one sleeps: ” the [final] ى [of the verb] is elided because it terminates a verse. (TA.) b4: It is made trans. by means of ب: (Msb:) one says, سَرَى بِهِ [He made him to journey, or travel, or he transported him, by night, or in the night; or it may be rendered he journeyed, or travelled, with him, by night, or in the night]; (M, Msb, K;) and in like manner, [and more commonly,] بِهِ ↓ أَسْرَى; (S, M, Msb, K;) and ↓ أَسْرَاهُ; (S, M, K;) like as one says, أَخَذَ بِالخِطَامِ as well as اخذ الخِطَامَ. (S.) As to the saying in the Kur [17:1], سُبْحَانَ الَّذِى أَسْرَى بِعَبْدِهِ لَيْلًا [Extolled be the glory of Him who transported his servant by night!], it is an instance of corroboration, (S, K, * TA,) like the saying, سِرْتُ أَمْسِ نَهَارًا and البَارِحَةَ لَيْلًا: (S, TA:) or the meaning is [simply] سَيَّرَهُ: (K, TA:) accord. to 'Alam-ed-Deen Es-Sakháwee, لَيْلًا is added, although الإِسْرَآء is not otherwise than by night, because the space over which he was transported is not to be traversed in less than forty days, but was traversed by him in one night; as though the meaning [intended] were, فِى لَيْلٍ وَاحِدٍ; and it denotes wonder: لَيْلًا is here used instead of لَيْلَةً because when they say سَرَى لَيْلَةً the meaning generally is he occupied the whole of the night in journeying: Er-Rághib holds the verb in this instance to be from سَرَاةٌ signifying “ a wide tract of land,” to belong to art. سرو, and to be like أَجْبَلَ and أَتْهَمَ; the meaning being, who transported his servant over a wide tract of land: but this is strange. (TA.) A2: سَرَى مَتَاعَهُ, (M, K,) aor. ـْ (M, TA,) inf. n. سَرْىٌ, (TA,) He threw his goods, or utensils and furniture, upon the back of his beast. (M, K.) b2: And سَرَى عَنِّى الثَّوْبَ, inf. n. سَرْىٌ, He removed from over me the garment: but و is more approved [as the final radical: see 1 in art, سرو]. (M, TA.) You say, سَرَيْتُ الثَّوْبَ and ↓ سَرَّيْتُهُ I pulled off the garment: and عَنْهُ ↓ سُرِّىَ It was removed from over him, and removed from its place: the teshdeed denotes intensiveness. (TA.) 2 سرّى, (K,) or سرّى سَرِيَّةً, (TA,) inf. n. تَسْرِيَةٌ, He (the leader of an army, TA) detached a سَرِيَّة [q. v.] (K, TA) to the enemy by night. (TA.) b2: سرّى العَرَقَ عَنْ بَدَنِهِ, inf. n. as above, He exuded the sweat from his body. (TA.) b3: See also 1, last sentence, in two places.4 أَسْرَىَ see 1, in the former half of the paragraph, in two places: b2: and again, in the latter half, in three places. b3: See also 4 in art. سرو.5 تَسَرَّىَ see 1, first sentence.8 إِسْتَرَىَ see 1, first sentence.

سُرًى, [said by some to be an inf. n., by some to be a simple subst., and by some to be pl. of سُرْيَةٌ, or supposed to be so, and therefore made fem., as mentioned in the first sentence of this art.,] meaning A journeying, or travelling, by night, or in the night, in a general sense, is masc. and fem., (M, K,) by some of the Arabs made fem., (S,) and not known to Lh but as a fem. noun. (M.) It is said in a prov., عِنْدَ الصَّبَاحِ يَحْمَدُ القَوْمُ السُّرَى

[At daybreak, the party commend night-journeying]: applied to the man who endures difficulty, or distress, or fatigue, hoping for rest, or ease: (Meyd:) and in inciting to labour for the accomplishment of an affair with patience, and to dispose and subject the mind, until one commends the result thereof. (Har p. 555, q. v.) سَرَاةٌ: see art. سرو.

سَرْيَةٌ and ↓ سُرْيَةٌ are inf. ns. of سَرَى: (M, K:) or have a more special signification than the inf. n. of that verb, which is سَرْىٌ: one says, سَرَيْنَا سَرْيَةً مِنَ اللَّيْلِ and ↓ سُرْيَةً [We journeyed by night a journey of the night]: and the pl. of ↓ سُرْيَةٌ is [said to be] سُرًى: (Msb:) or one says, سَرَيْنَا سَرْيَةً وَاحِدَةً [We journeyed by night a single night-journey]: and the subst. [signifying a journeying, or travelling, by night, or in the night,] is ↓ سُرْيَةٌ, and سُرًى. (S, TA.) سُرْيَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in four places.

سِرْيَةٌ meaning An arrow-head, (As, M, TA,) such as is small, short, round and smooth, having no breadth, (M, TA,) is a dial. var. of سِرْوَةٌ [q. v.], (As, TA,) or formed from the latter word by the substitution of ى for و because of the kesreh: (M, TA:) accord. to the K, ↓ سَرِيَّةٌ signifies a small round arrow-head; but this is a mistake; the correct word being سِرْيَةٌ, with kesr, and without teshdeed to the ى. (TA.) A2: It is also a dial. var. of سِرْوَةٌ signifying The locust in its first state, when it is a larva. (S in art. سرو.) سَرَآءٌ A certain tree, (AHn, S, M, K,) from which bows are made, (AHn, S, M,) the wood whereof is of the best of woods, and which is of the trees of the mountains: (AHn, M:) ElGhanawee El-Aarábee says, the نَبْع and شَوْحَط [q. v.] and سَرَآء are one: (TA in art. شحط:) [it is also mentioned in the TA in art. سرأ:] n. un.

سَرَآءَةٌ. (M, K.) سَرِىٌّ i. q. نَهْرٌ [A river, &c.]: (Th, M:) or a rivulet, or streamlet: (S, M, Msb:) or a rivulet running to palm-trees: (M, K:) pl. [of pauc.]

أَسْرِيَةٌ (S, M, K) and [of mult.] سُرْيَانٌ: (Sb, S, M, Msb, K:) أَسْرِيَآءُ as its pl. has not been heard. (S.) Thus it has been expl. as occurring in the Kur xix. 24. (M, TA.) A2: See also art. سرو.

سَرِيَّةٌ A portion of an army: (S, Msb:) of the measure فَعِيلَةٌ in the sense of the measure فَاعِلَةٌ; because marching by night, privily; (Mgh, Msb;) thus originally, and afterwards applied also to such as march by day: (Ham p. 45:) or it may be from الاِسْتِرَآءُ “ the act of choosing, or selecting; ” because a company chosen from the army: (Mgh: [but if so, belonging to art. سرو:]) from five persons to three hundred: (M, K:) or four hundred: (K:) or, of horsemen, about four hundred: (M:) or the best thereof, (S,) or the utmost, (Nh,) consists of four hundred: (S, Nh:) or, accord. to the “ Fet-h el-Bári,” from a hundred to five hundred: (TA:) or nine, and more than this; three, and four, and the like being termed طَلِيعَةٌ, not سَرِيَّةٌ: but it is related of the Prophet that he sent a single person as a سَرِيَّة: (Mgh:) the pl. is سَرَايَا (S, Msb) and سَرِيَّاتٌ. (Msb.) A2: See also سِرْيَةٌ.

سِرَايَةٌ A journeying, or travelling, by night, or in the night: (S, Msb, TA:) an inf. n.; (TA as from the K; [see 1, first sentence;]) or a simple subst. (Msb, TA.) سَرَيَانِىٌّ, from the inf. n. سَرَيَانٌ, Pervasive: occurring in philosophical works, and probably post-classical.]

السُّرْيَانِيَّةُ The Syriac language.]

سَرَّآءٌ One who journeys much, or often, by night. (K.) سَارٍ Journeying, or travelling, by night, or in the night, in a general sense: (M, TA: *) pl. سُرَاةٌ. (TA.) b2: Hence, because of his going [about] by night, (TA,) السَّارِى signifies The lion; as also ↓ المُسَارِى and ↓ المُسْتَرِى. (K, TA.) سَارِيَةٌ A party, or company of men, journeying by night. (Er-Rághib, TA.) b2: And A cloud that comes by night: (S, Msb:) or clouds that travel by night: (K:) or a cloud that is between that which comes in the early morning and that which comes in the evening: [perhaps thus termed as having previously travelled in the night:] or, accord. to Lh, a rain that comes in the night: (M, TA:) pl. سَوَارِى [app. a mistranscription for سَوَارٍ, being indeterminate]. (K, TA.) b3: One says, جَآءَ صَبِيحَةَ سَارِيَةٍ He came in the morning of a night in which was rain. (TA.) b4: and the pl. السَّارِيَاتُ signifies The asses: (M:) or the wild asses: (TA:) because they rest not by night: (M:) or because they pasture by night. (TA.) A2: Also A column, syn. أُسْطُوَانَةٌ, (S, M, Msb, K,) of stone, or of baked bricks; so in the “ Bári': ” (TA:) pl. سَوَارٍ. (Mgh.) b2: [And A mast: see حَنَّ and صَرَّ: and see also صَارِيَةٌ.]

أَسْرَى [More, and most, used to night-journeying]. أَسْرَى مِنْ قُنْفُذٍ [More used to go about by night than a hedge-hog] is a prov. of the Arabs. (TA.) [See also the same word in art. سرو.]

مَسْرًى may be a n. of place and a n. of time, [signifying A place, and a time, of night-journeying,] as well as an inf. n. (Ham p. 23.) It is [used also in a larger sense, as] syn. with مَذْهَبٌ [A place, and a time, of going &c.: a way by which one goes &c.]. (Har p. 540.) المُسَارِى: see سَارٍ, above.

المُسْتَرَى: see سَارٍ, above.

المُتَسَرِّى He who goes forth in, or among, the [company termed] سَرِيَّة. (IAth, TA.)

ر

أب1 رَأَبَ, (T, S, M, A, K,) aor. ـَ (M, A, K,) inf. n. رَأْبٌ. (M, TA,) He repaired, or mended, (T, S, M, A, K,) a [cracked, or broken,] vessel, (S,) or a crack, or fissure; (M, A, K;) as also ↓ رأّب, (M, TA,) in some copies of the K ↓ ارتأب, [agreeably with an explanation of مُرْتَأَبٌ, its pass. part. n., which see below,] and in others [and in a copy of the A] ↓ أَرْأَبَ, but the right reading is رأّب. (TA.) It is related of AHát, that he heard رَبٌ said, [as the imperative, for اِرْأَبْ,] and that it is a good dial. var., like سَلْ for اِسْأَلْ. (TA.) b2: (assumed tropical:) He rectified, repaired, mended, or amended, anything. (M.) You say, رَأَبَ بَيْنَ القَوْمِ, (M, K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (M,) (assumed tropical:) He effected a reconciliation, or made peace, between the people, or company of men. (M, K.) And اَللّٰهُمَّ ارْأَبْ بَيْنَهُمْ (S, A) (assumed tropical:) O God, effect a reconciliation, or make peace, between them: (S:) or (tropical:) rectify the matter, or affair, between them. (A.) and اَللّٰهُمَّ ارْأَبْ حَالَنَا (tropical:) [O God, rectify, or amend, our state, or condition]. (TA.) b3: Also, inf. n. as above, (assumed tropical:) He collected a thing together, and bound it gently. (TA.) b4: And رَأَبَتِ الأَرْضُ (assumed tropical:) The land produced its [trefoil called] رَطْبَة, or رُطْبَة, [so accord. to different copies of the K,] after the cutting [of a crop thereof]. (K.) 2 رَاَّ^َand 4 and 8: see above, first sentence.

رَأْبٌ an inf. n. used in the sense of [the act. part. n.] ↓ رَائِبٌ: so in the saying, كَفَى بِفُلَانٍ

رَأْبًا لِأَمْرِكَ (tropical:) [Such a one is sufficient as a rectifier, or an amender, of thine affair, or thy case]. (A.) You say also, فُلَانٌ رَأْبُ أَمْرِ, and ↓ رَؤُوبُ

أُمُورٍ, (tropical:) Such a one is a rectifier, or an amender, of an affair, and [a skilful rectifier or amender] of affairs. (A.) [See also رُؤْبَةٌ: and مِرْأَبٌ.] b2: Also (tropical:) A chief who rectifies, or amends, the affair, or case, of a people, or party. (A.) b3: (tropical:) A big, bulky, portly, or corpulent, chief. (K, TA.) A2: A herd of seventy camels. (K.) رُؤْبَةٌ A piece, (S, Msb, K,) or piece of wood, with which a large wooden bowl, (T, TA,) or with which a vessel, (S, Msb, K,) is repaired, or mended: (T, S, Msb, K:) or a thing, (T,) or piece of wood, (TA,) with which a breach, or broken place, (T, TA,) in a vessel, (T,) or in a bowl, (TA,) is stopped up: (T, TA:) a piece that is inserted in a vessel, to repair, or mend, it: (M:) and a piece of stone with which a بُرْمَة [or cooking-pot of stone or other material] is repaired, or mended: (T, TA:) and a patch, or piece, with which a camel's saddle (رَحْل) is patched, or pieced, when it is broken: (M, TA:) some of its meanings are mentioned also in art. روب: (TA:) pl. رُؤَبٌ (T) and رِئَابٌ. (S.) b2: [Hence,] one says, هُوَ رُؤْبَةُ صَدْعِ الصَّفَآءِ (tropical:) [He is the means of repairing the breach of sincere affection]. (A.) And هُوَ رِئَابُ بَنِى فُلَانٍ (tropical:) [app. a mistranscription for هُمْ: i. e. They are the means of rectifying, or amending, the affair, or case, of the sons of such a one]. (A.) [See also رَأْبٌ and مِرْأَبٌ.]

رَؤُوبٌ: see رَأْبٌ.

رأّب: see مِرْأَبٌ.

رَائِبٌ: see رَأْبٌ.

أَرْآبٌ, for آرَابٌ, pl. of إِرْبٌ, q. v.

مِرْأَبٌ An instrument with which cracks, or fissures, in a vessel, are repaired, or mended; syn. مِشْعَبٌ. (M, TA.) b2: [And hence,] the same word, and ↓ رَأّبٌ, (T, A, K,) A man who repairs, or mends, cracks, or fissures, (T, K,) of bowls [&c.]: (T:) or who repairs, or mends, things well. (A.) And [hence,] (assumed tropical:) A man who effects reconciliation, or makes peace, between people. (T.) Pl. [of the former] مَرَائِيبُ [as though the sing. were مِرْآبٌ also]. (T, A, TA.) مُرْتَأَبٌ i. q. مُغْتَفَرٌ [Forgiven: or, accord. to the TK, (assumed tropical:) rectified, or repaired, in a suitable manner]: (K, TA:) [in one copy of the K, مُعْتَفَرٌ: and] in one copy, معتفن. (TA.)

بك

ى1 بَكَى, aor. ـِ (Msb, K,) inf. n. بُكَآءٌ and بُكًا (S, Msb, K) and مَبْكًى, (Har p. 11,) He wept; i. e. he lamented, or grieved, shedding tears at the same time; and he lamented, or grieved, alone; and he shed tears alone: (Er-Rághib, TA:) accord. to some, the preferable opinion is, that there is no difference between بُكَآءُ and بُكًا: (TA:) or the former means the crying, or uttering of the voice [of lamentation], (S, IKtt, Msb, TA, &c.,) that accompanies البُكَآء [so in copies of the S and in the TA, but correctly البُكَا]; (S, IKtt, TA;) and the latter (بُكًا), the shedding of tears: (S, IKtt, Msb, TA, &c.:) or the former, i. e. with medd, means the shedding of tears by reason of lamentation, or grief, and raising of the voice, or crying, [at the same time,] when the voice is predominant, being like رُغَآءٌ, and ثُغَآءٌ and other words of the same form applied to denote the uttering of a cry or of the voice; and the latter, [the shedding of tears &c.] when lamentation, or grief, is predominant: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or by the former is meant the crying, or uttering of the voice [of lamentation]; and by the latter, the lamenting, or grieving. (Kh, TA.) تَبْكَآءٌ and تِبْكَآءٌ [may be inf. ns. of بَكَى or of ↓ بَكَّى, and] signify the same as بُكَآءٌ: or much بُكَاء [or weeping, &c.]: (K:) MF asserts that تِبْكَآءٌ (with kesr) and the former of these explanations are unknown; but both the word and the explanation are mentioned by Lh, as used in a form of words uttered by Arab women of the desert to fascinate men: ISd, however, says that it should be تَبْكَآء, because it is an inf. n. of a class formed to denote muchness [of the attribute signified by the verb], like تَهْذَارٌ and تَلْعَابٌ &c.; and IAar says that تَبْكَاءٌ, with fet-h, has the latter of the two significations assigned to it above. (TA.) [See what is said of the measure تِفْعَالٌ voce بَيَّنَ.] You say, بَكَى لَهُ (MF, TA) and بَكَى عَلَيْهِ, (S, Msb, K, MF,) meaning [He wept] for, or over, him, or it: and only بَكَى بِهِ [or thus and also بَكَىمِنْهُ as appears from what follows] when meaning [He wept] because, or in consequence, of it: ('Ináyeh, MF, TA:) and بَكَاهُ and ↓ بَكَّاهُ, (As, Az, S, Msb, K,) inf. n. of the former بُكَآءٌ (K) [and بُكًا], and of the latter تَبْكِيَةٌ, (TA,) signify the same as بَكَى

عَلَيْهِ; (As, Az, S, Msb, * K;) the object being a man: (As, S:) and (or as some say, TA) he wept for, or over, him, i. e., one dead; or did so, and enumerated his good qualities or actions; syn. رَثَاهُ: (K:) or, as some say, بَكَاهُ means [he wept because, or in consequence, of it, i. e.,] on account of being pained: and بَكَى عَلَيْهِ, [he wept for, or over, him,] by reason of tenderness of heart, or compassion: and [hence] it is said that بَكَيْتُهُ is originally بَكَيْتُ مِنْهُ: (TA:) [and ↓ بَكَّاهُ may have an intensive, or a frequentative, meaning; for it is said that] بَكِّى, addressed to the eye, signifies weep thou much, and repeatedly. (Ham p. 461.) b2: [Hence,] بَكَت السَّحَابَةُ (assumed tropical:) The cloud rained. (Msb.) b3: بَكَى also means He sang: [in the CK, وبَكَى عَنِّى is erroneously put for وبَكَى غَنَّى:] thus it has two contr. significations: (K, TA:) accord. to MF, it has this meaning only in relation to the pigeon and the like; but it is also used in this sense when said of a man, as in a verse cited voce جَنَازَةٌ, q. v. : and he observes that the assertion of its having two contr significations requires consideration, seeing that it is also said to signify رَثَى; [for in the performance of رِثَآء, it is a common practice to sing;] but رِثَآء is generally accompanied by lamentation, and غِنَآء by rejoicing. (TA.) b4: بَاكَيْتُهُ فَبَكَيْتُهُ: see 3.2 بَكَّىَ see 1, in three places: A2: and see also 4.3 بَاكَيْتُهُ فَبَكَيْتُهُ, (S, TA,) aor. of the latter أَبْكُوهُ, (TA,) or أَبْكِيهِ, retaining its original form, accord. to a rule observed in the case of a verb having an infirm letter [for its second or third radical] lest a verb with a radical ى should be confounded with one having a radical و, (Ham p. 670,) i. e. [I vied with him, or strove to exceed him, in weeping, and I exceeded him therein, or] I was a greater weeper (أَبْكَى) than he. (S, TA.) 4 ابكاهُ [He made him, or caused him, to weep; or] he did to him what made him to weep; (S, K;) as also ↓ استبكاهُ. (S.) And عَلَيْهِ ↓ بكّاهُ, inf. n. تَبْكِيَةٌ, He excited him to weep for him, or it; (K, TA;) namely, a person dead, (K,) or a thing lost. (TA.) 6 تباكى signifies تَكَلَّفَ البُكَآءَ [i. e. He affected weeping; or endeavoured, or constrained himself, to weep]. (S, K.) Hence, in a trad., فَإِنْ لَمْ تَجِدُوا بُكَآءً فَتَبَاكَوْا [And if ye experience not weeping, endeavour to weep]: (TA:) [or the words of the trad. are] اُتْلُوا القُرْآنَ وَابْكُوا فَإِنْ لَمْ تَبْكُوا فَتَبَاكَوْا [Peruse ye the Kur-án, and weep; or, if ye weep not, endeavour to do so]. (Bd in xix. 59.) b2: And He feigned, or made a show of, weeping. (Har p. 602.) 10 استبكاهُ: see 4. b2: Also He desired, or required, of him weeping. (TA.) بَكِىٌّ One who weeps much; (S, K;) as also ↓ بَكَّآءٌ. (K, but omitted in some copies and in the TA.) A2: رَجُلٌ عَيِيٌّ بَكِىٌّ, A man unable to speak. (Mbr, TA.) [But perhaps this should be بَكِىْءٌ: see art. بكأ.]

بَكَّآءٌ: see بَكِىٌّ.

بَاكٍ part. n. of بَكَى [i. e. Weeping, &c.]: (K:) pl. بُكِىٌّ, (S, K,) of the measure فُعُولٌ, with the و changed into ى [and the second dammeh consequently into a kesreh, wherefore it is also, sometimes, pronounced بِكِىٌّ], (S,) and بُكَاةٌ, (K,) which is agreeable with analogy and usage, though said by Es-Semeen to have not been heard. (TA.) [The pl. of the fem., i. e. of بَاكِيَةٌ, is بَاكِيَاتٌ and بَوَاكٍ.]

أَبْكَى [A greater weeper, or one who weeps more, than another: see 3]. (S, TA.)

بغ

ى1 بَغَى, (S, K, &c.,) aor. ـِ (Msb, K,) inf. n. بُغَآءٌ, (S, Mgh, K, &c.,) or this is a simple subst., and the inf. n. is بَغْىٌ, (Msb,) [but, if this be correct, the former is generally used for the latter,] and بُغًى, (Lh, K,) but the first is better known, and is the chaste form, and some say, بِغًى, (TA,) and بُغْيَةٌ and بِغْيَةٌ, (K,) accord. to Th, but others hold these two to be simple substs., and some mention also بَغْيَةٌ, with fet-h, (TA,) and بُغَايَةٌ, (As, S, TA,) He sought; sought for, or after; sought, desired, or endeavoured, to find, and take, or get; (S, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.;) a stray-beast, (As, S, TA,) or any other thing, (S, Mgh, * Msb, * K, * TA,) good or evil; (Lh, TA;) as also ↓ ابتغى and ↓ تبغّى (S, Msb, K) and ↓ استبغى: (K:) or ↓ ابتغى signifies he sought, &c., diligently, studiously, sedulously, or earnestly: (Er-Rághib, TA:) and بَغَى signifies also he loved, or affected, a thing: (MF, TA:) or, accord. to Er-Rághib, the inf. n. signifies the seeking to exceed the just bounds in respect of that which one aims at, or endeavours after, whether one actually exceed or do not; and sometimes it is considered in relation to quantity; and sometimes, in relation to quality. (TA.) You say, بَغَاهُ بِشَرٍّ [He sought him with an evil purpose; or sought to do him evil]. (S and K in art. عقب.) b2: And بَغَاهُ He sought, &c., a thing for him; like بَغَى لَهُ. (Lh, Mgh, * K. *) You say, بَغَاهُ الشَّىْءَ He sought, &c., the thing for him; (S, K;) as also الشَّىْءَ ↓ ابغاهُ: (K:) thus you say, اِبْغِنِى كَذَا or كذا ↓ أَبْغِنِى and اِبْغَ لِى

كذا Seek thou for me such a thing; (TA;) and ضَالَّتِى ↓ أَبْغِنِى Seek thou for me my stray-beast: (Mgh:) or الشَّىءَ ↓ ابغاهُ signifies He aided, or assisted, him to seek the thing: (Ks, K:) or كَذَا ↓ أَبْغِنِى signifies Seek thou for me such a thing; and also Aid thou me to seek such a thing. (JK.) It is said in the Kur [ix. 47], يَبْغُونَكُمُ الفِتْنَةَ They seek, or desire, for you discord, or dissension; or they seeking, &c.: and in the same [iii. 94], تَبْغُونَهَا عِوَجًا Ye seek, or desire, for it, namely, the way [of God], crookedness; or ye seeking, &c.: the first objective complement of the verb being in the accus. case because of the suppression of the preposition ل. (TA.) b3: [Hence, app.,] بَغَانِى دَآءً It procured to me disease; it caused disease to befall me. (Ham p. 794.) And إِنَّهُ لَذُو بُغَايَةٍ Verily he is one who makes much gain: (JK, K:) but in the M, ذُو بُغَايَةٍ لِلْكَسْبِ, meaning a seeker of gain. (TA.) And مَابُغِىَ لَهُ Good was not appointed to betide him. (TA.) b4: بَغَى عَلَى أَخِيهِ, inf. n. بَغْىٌ, He envied his brother; he wished that a blessing, or cause of happiness, or an excellence, might become transferred from his brother to himself: so says Lh, who holds this to be the primary signification of the verb. (TA.) It is said in a prov., البَغْىُ عِقَالُ النَّصْرِ [Envy is the shackle of aid from God against an enemy or a wrongdoer]. (TA.) b5: Hence, (Lh, TA,) بَغْىٌ signifies The acting wrongfully, injuriously, or tyrannically; (Lh, S, TA;) because the envier so acts towards the envied; his endeavour being to cause, by guile, the blessing of God upon him to depart from him: (Lh, TA:) or the seeking, or endeavouring, to act corruptly, wrongly, or unjustly: (Az, TA:) or the exceeding the due bounds, or just limits, in any way: (S:) accord. to Er-Rághib, it is of two kinds: one of these is approved, and this is the passing beyond the bounds of equity to exercise beneficence, and beyond the bounds of obligatory duties to do what is not obligatory: the other is disapproved, and this is the passing beyond the bounds of that which is true, or right, to do that which is false, or wrong, or to do acts of a doubtful nature: but in most instances it is that which is disapprove. (TA.) You say, بَغَى عَلَيْهِ, (S, K,) and بغى عَلَى النَّاسِ, (Az, Msb,) aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. بَغْىٌ, (Msb, K,) He exalted himself against him, or above him; overpowered, or oppressed, him; (Fr, S, K;) acted wrongfully, injuriously, or tyrannically, towards him; and deviated from the right way: (K:) and he acted wrongfully, injuriously, or tyrannically, towards men, or the people, (Az, Msb,) and sought to annoy them, or hurt them. (Az, TA.) Lh mentions, on the authority of Ks, the saying, مَا لِى وَلِلْبَغِ بَعْضِكُمْ عَلَى بَعْضٍ [What have I to do with wrongful conduct, the wrongful conduct of one of you towards another?], for وَلِلْبَغْىِ; ISd thinks, because of the difficulty found in pronouncing the kesreh after the ى. (TA.) بَغَى also signifies He occupied himself with corrupt, wrong, or unjust, conduct: [accord. to Fei,] from the same verb [in a sense to be mentioned below,] said of a wound. (Msb.) Also, aor. ـِ (TA,) inf. n. بَغْىٌ, (Az, TA,) He magnified himself; or behaved proudly, haughtily, or insolently: (Az, TA:) because he who does so passes beyond the bounds of his proper station to a station that does not belong to him. (TA.) b6: And [hence,] بَغَى فِى مِشيَتِهِ, (K,) inf. n. بَغْىٌ, (TA,) He [app. a horse, and perhaps a man also,] was proud, or self-conceited, and quick, in his gait: (K:) or بَغْىٌ in a horse, (S, TA,) or in the running of a horse, (JK, TA,) is the being proud, or self-conceited, with exceeding briskness or liveliness or sprightliness. (JK, S, TA.) b7: And بَغَتِ السَّمَآءُ, (S, K,) inf. n. بَغْىٌ, (TA,) The sky rained vehemently: (A'Obeyd, S, K:) or exceeded, in rain, the limit of what was wanted. (Er-Rághib, TA.) And بَغَى الوَادِى The valley flowed with water reaching to a place to which it had not reached before. (S, TA.) b8: بَغَتْ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) said of a woman, (Th, IKh, S, Msb, and so in some copies of the K,) or of a female slave, (so in other copies of the K,) but it is not restricted to the latter, (TA,) aor. ـِ (JK, Msb,) inf. n. بِغَآءٌ, (IKh, JK, S, Mgh, Msb, TA,) or بَغْىٌ, (ISd, K,) [but the former, only, is commonly known,] She committed fornication, or adultery; she prostituted herself; (JK, S, Mgh, Msb, K;) because she who does so transgresses her proper bounds; (TA;) as also ↓ بَاغَتْ, (IKh, S, * Msb, K,) inf. n. بِغَآءٌ (IKh, K) and مُبَاغَاةٌ, (K,) said of a female slave: (Msb:) or مباغاة signifies the committing fornication, or adultery, with another. (KL.) It is said in the Kur [xxiv. 33], وَلَا تُكْرِهُو فَتَيَاتِكُمْ عَلَى البِغَآءِ [And compel not ye your young women to prostitute themselves]. (Mgh.) And you say, ↓ خَرَجَتِ المَرْأَةُ تُبَاغِى [The woman went forth for prostituting herself]. (S.) Accord. to the Jema etTefáreek, بِغَآءٌ signifies The knowing of a woman's committing fornication or adultery, or prostituting herself, and approving, or being content: but this, if correct, is an amplification in speech. (Mgh.) b9: بَغَى الجُرْحُ, (JK, S, Msb,) aor. ـَ inf. n. بَغْىٌ, (JK,) The wound swelled, (S,) and became in a corrupt state, (JK, S, Msb,) and produced thick purulent matter. (JK.) And بَرَأَ جُرْحُهُ عَلَى بَغْىٍ

His wound healed having somewhat of corruption in it. (S.) b10: بَغَى, (K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. بَغْىٌ, (TA,) also signifies He lied; said what was untrue. (K.) مَا نَبْغِى, in the Kur [xii. 65], is said to mean We do not lie: and we do not act wrongfully: or it may mean what do we seek, or desire? (TA.) b2: Also, (K,) inf. n. بَغْىٌ, (TA,) He looked at a thing [to see] how it was; (K;) and so بَغَا, inf. n. بَغْوٌ: mentioned by Kr. (TA.) b3: And, (K,) with the same inf. n., (TA,) He looked, watched, or waited, for a person or thing. (Kr, K.) 3 بَاْغَىَ see 1, latter part, in two places.

A2: Lh mentions the saying, addressed to a pretty woman, إِنَّكِ لَجَمِيلَةٌ وَلَا تُبَاغِى, as meaning Verily thou art pretty, and mayest thou not be smitten by the [evil] eye: (TA in this art.:) but accord. to some, the verb in this instance belongs to art. بوغ or art. بيغ. (TA in art. بوغ.) 4 أَبْغَىَ see 1, in five places. b2: ابغاهُ الشَّىْءَ also signifies He made him, or caused him, to seek the thing; to seek for it, or after it; to seek, or desire, or endeavour, to find, and take, or get, it. (S.) 5 تَبَغَّىَ see 1, first sentence.6 تَبَاغَوْا They acted wrong fully, injuriously, or tyrannically, one towards another; exalted themselves, one against, or above, another; overpowered, or oppressed, one another. (S, TA.) 7 انبغى is said in the S to be quasi-pass. of بَغَيْتُهُ, like as اِنْكَسَرَ is of كَسَرْتُهُ; and Esh-Shiháb says of the aor. that it is quasi-pass. of بَغَاهُ, aor. ـْ in the sense of طَلَبَهُ: (TA:) [Fei says,] it has been asserted that انبغى is quasi-pass. of بَغَى; but a verb of the measure انفعل is not used as a quasi-pass. unless it implies effort, and the consequence of an action, as in the case of كَسَرْتُهُ, of which the quasi-pass. is اِنْكَسَرَ; which انبغى does not: some, however, allow its being thus used: (Msb:) accord. to Zj, it is as though it were syn. with اِنْطَلَبَ, as quasi-pass. of طَلَبَ, and means It was, or became, suitable, fit, meet, or proper; (Zj, TA;) [or right, and allowable; and good: or very requisite: (see explanations of exs. following:) or it behooved: and] it was, or became, facilitated, or easy; (Er-Rághib, K;) and practicable, or manageable. (Er-Rághib, TA.) Accord. to some, this verb is not used in the pret. tense, but only in the aor. : it is reckoned among verbs imperfectly inflected: (Msb, TA:) but the pret. is mentioned by Az and Sb and Zj, and by ElKhattábee on the authority of Ks; and was often used by Esh-Sháfi'ee: it is, however, very rare. (TA.) You say, يَنْبَغِى لَكَ أَنْ تَفْعَلَ كَذَا [It is suitable to thee, or is fit, meet, or proper, &c., for thee, or it behooveth thee, that thou shouldst do such a thing]. (S, TA.) And, accord. to Zj, اِنْبَغَى لِفُلَانٍ أَنْ يَفْعَلَ, as meaning It was, or became, suitable to such a one, or fit, meet, or proper, for him, that he should do, or to do, such a thing. (TA.) And مَا يَنْبَغِى لَكَ أَنْ تَفْعَلَ هٰذَا, (Lh, K,) and ↓ ما يُبْتَغَى, (K, TA,) with fet-h to the غ, (TA,) and ما انْبَغَى, and ↓ ما ابْتُغِىَ; (Lh, K;) of which four phrases, the first is given by Lh as explanatory of the third and fourth, and means, accord. to Esh-Shiháb, It is not right, proper, fit, or meet, nor allowable, for thee that thou shouldst do this, or to do this; and it is not good for thee &c.; but he adds that only the aor. has been heard from the Arabs in this sense. (TA.) And يَنْبَغِى أَنْ يَكُونَ كَذَا It is very requisite that it should be so, or that such a thing ought be; [or it ought to be so, or such a thing ought to be; it behooves that it should be so, or such a thing behooves;] it is not well that such a thing should be neglected, or left undone. (Msb.) and Ks is related to have heard, from the Arabs, the phrase, مَا يَنْبَغِى أَنْ يَكُونَ كَذَا, meaning It is not right that it should be so, or that such a thing should be: or it is not good &c. (Msb.) It is said in the Kur [xxxvi. 69], وَمَا عَلَّمْنَاهُ الشِّعْرَ وَمَا يَنْبَغِى لَهُ, i. e. [And we have not taught him poetry, or versification], nor is it right, proper, fit, or meet, for him: (Bd:) or nor is it easy to him, (Bd, Jel, Er-Rághib,) or practicable to him. (Bd, Er-Rághib.) 8 إِبْتَغَىَ see 1, first sentence, in two places: b2: and see also 7, in two places.10 إِسْتَبْغَىَ see 1, first sentence. b2: You say also, استبغى القَوْمَ فَبَغَوْهُ and بَغَوْا لَهُ [He asked the people, or company of men, to seek a thing for him, and they sought it for him]. (Lh, K.) بَغْىٌ [originally an inf. n. (see 1)] Much of rain; or much rain: in [some of] the copies of the K, البطر is erroneously put for المطر: (TA:) [and in some, البَغِىُّ for البَغْىُ: in a MS. copy, I find البَغِىُّ الكَثِيرُ مِنَ المَطَرِ: and in the CK, البَغِىُّ الكَثِيْرُ من النَّظَرِ:] or بَغْىُ السَّمَآءِ signifies the main portion, (As, S,) or the vehemence, and the main portion, (Lh, JK, TA,) of the rain of the sky. (As, Lh, JK, S, TA.) Hence the saying, دَفَعْنَا بَغْىَ السَّمَآءِ خَلْفَنَا (As, S, TA) or عَنَّا (Lh, TA) [lit. We drove away the main portion, or the vehemence, and the main portion, of the rain of the sky behind us or from us; meaning it was driven away behind us or from us, or it departed; as is shown in art. دفع].

بُغْيَةٌ: see what next follows.

بِغْيَةٌ and ↓ بُغْيَةٌ (JK, S, Msb, K) and ↓ بَغِيَّةٌ (K) A thing sought; (JK, K;) as also ↓ بَغَايَةٌ [originally an inf. n. (see 1)]: (JK:) or a thing wanted, needed, or required; an object of want or need; a want, or needful or requisite thing or affair: (S, Msb:) as in the saying, لِى فِىبَنِى فُلَانٍ بَغْيَةٌ and بُغْيَةٌ [I have among the sons of such a one an object of want]: (S:) or the first signifies a state that one seeks; and the second, a thing itself that one wants: (As, S, Msb: *) and the first, (JK,) or third, (K,) signifies also a stray beast that is sought: (JK, K:) the pl. of the second is بُغًى. (JK.) اِرْتَدَّتْ عَلَى فُلَانٍ بِغْيَتُهُ [The thing that he sought was refused to such a one] is said of one who finds not what he seeks. (TA.).

بَغُوٌّ: see what next follows.

بَغِىٌّ, accord. to some, of the measure فَعِيلٌ; accord. to others, of the measure فَعُولٌ, originally بَغُوىٌ; [if of the former, originally meaning “ sought; ” and if of the latter, originally meaning “ seeking; ”] and therefore [in either case] not admitting the affix ة: (TA:) A fornicatress, an adulteress, or a prostitute; (JK, S, Mgh, Msb, K;) as also ↓ بَغُوٌّ [of the measure فَعُولٌ, and therefore anomalous, like نَهُوٌّ]: (M, K:) بَغِىٌّ is not applied to a man, (Lh, Msb,) nor بَغِيَّةٌ to a woman: (Lh, TA:) pl. بَغَايَا. (S, Mgh, Msb.) [See an ex. voce مَهْرٌ.] b2: Also A female slave, (JK, S, K,) whether she be a fornicatress or an adulteress or a prostitute or not; (TA;) not meant to imply revilement, though originally applied to female slaves because of their prostitution of themselves: (S:) or a free woman who is a fornicatress or an adulteress or a prostitute: so in the K: but correctly, or a fornicatress or an adulteress or a prostitute, whether free or a slave: (TA:) and a female singer, though chaste; because of fornication's being originally attributable to such a person: (Msb:) pl. as above. (JK, S, TA.) One says, قَامَتْ عَلَى رُؤُسِهِمُ البَغَايَا [The female slaves stood over their heads]. (S.) b3: بَغَايَا also signifies The scouts, or companies of scouts, that precede an army: (S, K, TA:) but the sing. of this is ↓ بَغِيَّةٌ. (TA.) بَغِيَّةٌ: see بِغْيَةٌ.

A2: Also, pl. بَغَايَا: see بَغِىٌّ, last sentence.

بُغَايَةٌ: see بِغْيَةٌ.

بَاغٍ Seeking; seeking for, or after; seeking, desiring, or endeavouring, to find, and take, or get: pl. بُغَاةٌ and بُغْيَانٌ (K) and بُغَّآءٌ. (TA: [there mentioned as a pl., but not said to be of بَاغٍ, nor explained.]) بَاغٍ وَهَادٍ, lit. A seeker of [stray] camels and a guide of the way, mentioned in a trad. respecting the Hijreh (as said by A booBekr to a man who asked him “ Who are ye? ”), alludes to the seeking of religion and the guiding from error. (TA.) One says, فَرِّقُوا لِهٰذِهِ الإِبِلِ بُغْيَانًا يُضِبُّونَ لَهَا, i. e. [Disperse ye, for these camels, seekers] to scatter themselves in search thereof. (S.) b2: Acting wrongfully, injuriously, or tyrannically, [&c.,] towards others: pl. بُغَاةٌ. (Msb. [See 1.]) غَيْرَ بَاغٍ, in the Kur ii. 168, [&c.,] means Not being a revolter from the Muslims, (Jel,) or, against the Imám: (TA:) or it means not desiring to eat for the sake of enjoyment: or not seeking to exceed the limit of his want: (Az, TA:) or not seeking what he should not seek. (Er-Rághib, TA.) فِئَةٌ بَاغِيَهٌ A company of men revolting from the just Imám. (K.) فِرْقَةٌ بَاغِيَةٌ A party occupying itself with corrupt, wrong, or unjust, conduct. (Msb.) b3: A camel that does not impregnate, or get with young. (Kr, K.) b4: A horse that is proud, or self-conceited, with exceeding briskness or liveliness or sprightliness: (JK, Ham p. 210:) [but] Kh disallows its being thus used. (S.) A2: [The pl.] بُغْيَانٌ also signifies What the sportsman, or hunter, seeks, of game, or objects of the chase. (JK.) مَبْغًى [A place where a thing is sought: and hence, a way, or manner, in which a thing is, or should be, sought]: this is meant in the saying, ↓ بَغَيْتُ المَالَ مِنْ مَبْغَاتِهِ [I sought wealth by the way, or manner, whereby it should be sought]; like as مَأْتًى is meant in the saying, أَتَيْتُ الأَمْرَ مِنْ مَأْتَاتِهِ. (S.) مَبْغَاةٌ: see what next precedes.

المُبْتَغِى, (K,) or, as in the Tekmileh, المُتَبَغِّى, (TA,) The lion: (K:) because he is always seeking prey. (TA.) المُتَبَغِّى: see what next precedes.

شدو

1 شَدَا, (Msb, K,) first Pers\. شَدَوْتُ, (S,) aor. ـُ (Msb,) inf. n. شَدْوٌ, (S, Msb,) He drove camels: (S, K:) or he collected and drove a detached number of a herd of camels. (Msb.) b2: Hence, (Msb,) شَدَا, (Msb, K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) He acquired somewhat of polite literature, (S, Msb, K, TA,) or of science, and guided himself thereby to the knowledge of somewhat more, (Msb,) and likewise of song; (TA;) as though he drove it and collected it: (S, TA:) or شَدَا مِنَ العِلْمِ, and مِنَ الغِنَآءِ, (MA, TA,) شَيْئًا, (TA,) inf. n. as above, (MA, TA,) he acquired somewhat of science, and of song: (MA:) or he knew well some sort of science, and of song; and so of other things. (TA.) شَدْوٌ signifies (assumed tropical:) A man's doing well, or knowing well, somewhat of a thing or an affair. (TA.) And شَدَوْتُ مِنْهُ بَعْضَ المَعْرِفَةِ means I knew [somewhat of] him, or it, [but] not well. (TA.) b3: Also (assumed tropical:) He recited a verse, or two verses, (S, K,) singing, (K,) or prolonging, or straining, his voice, as in singing [and as is commonly done in the driving of camels; whence, app., this meaning of the verb]. (S.) And شَدَا شِعْرًا, (S, K,) or غِنَآءً, (S,) (assumed tropical:) He sang poetry, (S, K,) or a song: (S:) or he recited it with a trilling, or quavering, or prolonging and modulating of the voice. (S.) b4: And شَدَا شَدْوَهُ i. q. نَحَا نَحْوَهُ (assumed tropical:) [He tended, repaired, betook himself, or directed his course, towards him, or it; agreeably with the explanation in the TK: or he purposed his (another's) purpose]. (K.) b5: and شَدَا فُلَانًا فُلَانًا (assumed tropical:) He assimilated such a one to such a one; or he likened such a one to such a one; syn. شَبَّهَهُ إِيَّاهُ. (ISd, K, TA. [In the CK, فُلَانًا is not repeated.]) 4 اشدى (assumed tropical:) He became a good, or an excellent, modulator of his voice, or maker of melody. (K.) شَدًا A remnant of strength; and a portion, or somewhat, thereof: (K:) a dial. var. of شَذًا. (TA. [See شَذَاةٌ, in art. شذو.]) A remnant, or remainder, of anything. (TA.) A small quantity or number: (TA:) and so ↓ شَدْوٌ, (M, K,) whatever it be, (M, TA,) of much or many, (M, K,) whatever the latter be. (K.) And The extremity of anything: (K:) a dial. var. of شَذًا. (TA.) A2: Also Heat. (K.) A3: And Mange, or scab: (K: [in the CK, الحَرْبُ is put for الجَرَبُ:]) a dial. var. of شَذًا. (TA.) شَدْوٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

شَادٍ act. part. n. of 1; signifying Driving, or a driver of, camels: &c.: (K, * TA:) pl. شُدَاةٌ. (TA.) b2: [And particularly] (assumed tropical:) One who acquires somewhat of polite literature, (S, Msb,) and of science, and guides himself thereby to the knowledge of somewhat more. (Msb.) b3: Also (assumed tropical:) A reciter of verses, who sings in reciting, or prolongs, or strains, his voice, as in singing: a singer of poetry: (TA:) [and simply] a singer. (S.)