عظلم

Q. 2 تَعَظْلَمَ, [from عِظْلِمٌ as signifying a certain plant or dye,] said of the night, It was, or became, dark, and very black; (K, TA;) i. e. it became like the عِظْلِم. (TA.) عِظْلِمٌ, (S, Msb, K,) of which عَظْلَمٌ is a dial. var., (MF, TA,) The expressed juice of a species of tree or plant, (Az, K, TA,) the colour of which is like نِيل [or indigo], green (أَخْضَر) inclining to duskiness: (Az, TA:) or a certain plant, (S, K,) or thing, (Msb,) with which one dyes, (S, Msb, K,) said to be (Msb) called in Pers\. نِيل [i. e. the indigo-plant]: (Msb, and so in some copies of the S; other copies of which, for نيل, have تفل:) or i. q. وَسْمَةٌ [an appellation now applied to woad; as is also عِظْلِم]: (S, Msb, K:) AHn says, one of the Arabs of the desert told me that the عظلم is the male وَسْمَة: he also says that it is a small tree or plant, (شُجَيْرَةٌ), of the [class called] رِبَّة, that grows in a late season, and the greenness of which is lasting: and in one place he says, an Arab of the desert, of the Saráh (السَّرَاة), told me that the عِظْلِمَة [which is the n. un.] is a tree or plant (شَجَرَةٌ) that rises upon a stem about a cubit [in height] and has branches at the extremities of which are what resemble the blossoms of the كُزْبَرَة [or coriander], and it (the tree or plant) is dustcoloured: (TA:) some say that it is the بِقَّم [or Brazil-wood]: (Msb:) MF says, it is the خَطْمِىّ [or marsh-mallow]: (TA:) thus says El-Hareeree; but El-'Okbaree says that it is not that: (Har p. 625:) and some say that it is a certain red dye. (TA.) Hence the prov., بَيْضَآءُ لَايُدْجِى سَنَاهَا العِظْلِمُ i. e. [A white, or fair, female,] whose whiteness [or brightness] عظلم will not blacken [or darken]: applied to that which is notable, which nothing will conceal. (Meyd, TA.) b2: Hence, as being likened thereto, (S,) it signifies also The dark night: (S, K:) one says لَيْلٌ عِظْلِمٌ. (TA.) عَظْلَمَةٌ Darkness. (K.) عِظْلَامٌ Dust; syn. قَتَرَةٌ and غَبَرَةٌ. (K.)

تو

ى1 تَوِىBَ, (T, S, M, Mgh, K,) in the dial. of Teiyi تَوَى, (AAF, M,) aor. ـَ (S, K,) inf. n. تَوًى, (T, S, M, Mgh, K,) It perished; came to an end; (S, Mgh, K;) it passed away (T, M, Mgh) unhoped for: (T, M:) said of property. (T, S, M, Mgh.) Hence the saying, in a trad., لَا تَوَى عَلَى مَالِ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ [There shall be no perishing of the property of a man that is a Muslim]: applied to the case of a man to whom is transferred the responsibility for a debt, and who dies insolvent; meaning that the responsibility shall return to him who transferred it. (Mgh.) 4 اتواهُ He (God, M, K, or another, S) destroyed it, made an end of it, or caused it to perish or come to an end; (S, K;) he made it away; (T, M;) namely, property, (S, M,) or his property. (T.) A2: See also art. تو.

تَوٍ (S M, Mgh, K) and ↓ تَاوٍ (Mgh) Perishing; coming to an end; (S, Mgh, K;) passing away (M, Mgh) unhoped for: (M:) applied to property. (S, M, Mgh.) تَوَآءٌ A perishing of property; its coming to an end; or becoming lost. (TA.) تَوِىٌّ Remaining, staying, dwelling, or abiding: (IAar, M, K:) but ثَوِىٌّ, with ث, is better known in this sense. (M.) تَاوٍ: see تَوٍ.

الشُّحُّ مَتْوَاةٌ [Niggardliness, or avarice, is a cause of perishing to property]: a saying of the Arabs, meaning, if thou withhold property from its right disposal, God will make it to pass away in that which is not its right disposal. (M.)

ازل

1 أَزَلَ, (S, K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. أَزْلٌ, (S,) He (a man) became in a state of straitness, or narrowness, and suffering from dearth or drought or sterility. (S, K.) [See also the pass. form of the verb here following; and see 5.]

A2: أَزَلَهُ, aor. as above, (K,) and so the inf. n., (TA,) He confined, restricted, restrained, withheld, debarred, hindered, or prevented, him; (K,* TA;) and straitened him; in consequence of distress, or adversity, and fear. (TA.) b2: He shortened his (a horse's) rope, [or tether,] and then left him to pasture at pleasure (Lth, K, [in the CK, شَيَّبَهُ is put for سَيَّبَهُ,]) in the place of pasturage. (Lth.) b3: أَزَلُوا مَالَهُمْ, (S,) or أَمْوَالَهُمْ, (K,) aor. as above, (S,) They confined, restricted, or debarred, their cattle from the place of pasturage, (S,) or did not take, or send, them forth thereto, (K,) in consequence of fear, (S, K,) or dearth or drought or sterility. (K.) b4: It is said in a trad. respecting Ed-Dejjál, and his besieging the Muslims in Beytel-Makdis, [or Jerusalem,] فَيُؤْزَلُونَ أَزْلًا شَدِيدًا And they will be straitened with a vehement straitening. (TA.) And أُزِلَ النَّاسُ signifies The people suffered, or were afflicted with, drought, or want of rain. (TA.) 4 آزَلَتِ السَّنَةُ The year became severe, distressful, calamitous, or adverse. (TA.) A2: آزَلَهُمُ اللّٰهُ God afflicted them with drought, or want of rain. (TA.) 5 تأزّل It (a man's bosom or mind) became strait, or straitened; (Fr, S, K;) as also تأزّق. (Fr, S.) أَزْلٌ Straitness; distress; difficulty; (S,* K;) and drought, or want of rain. (TA.) b2: Vehemence of might, or of strength, in war, or fight; of courage, valour, or prowess: or of war, or fight: or of fear: or of punishment: syn. شِدَّةُ بَأْسٍ. (TA.) A2: It is also used as an epithet, meaning Strait; narrow; confined. (Ham p. 339.) إِزْلٌ A calamity; (K;) because of its distressing character. (TA.) b2: Lying, or falsehood. (Yaa-koob, S, K.) أَزَلٌ i. q. قِدَمٌ [i. e. Eternity, with respect to past time, or considered retrospectively; existence from eternity; or ancientness] (S, K, TA) that is without beginning; (TA;) or the continuance of existence in decreed times interminable in respect of the past; like as أَبَدٌ is the continuance of existence in decreed times interminable in respect of the future; (KT;) or that [existence, or time,] which has no extremity in its beginning; like قِدَمٌ; and أَبَدٌ is that which has no extremity in its latter part; like بَقَآءٌ: the former is existence without any beginning: (Kull p. 31:) said to be from the phrase لَمْ يَزَلْ [“he, or it, has not ceased” to be &c.; i. e. “has ever” been &c. (see أَزَلِىٌّ)]: or, accord. to some, from أَزْلٌ signifying “narrowness;” because the intellect is prevented by its narrowness from perceiving its beginning: (MF:) ازل is a name for that of which the mind is prevented by its narrowness from determining the limit of the beginning; from أَزْلٌ meaning “narrowness;”; and ابد is a name for that of which the mind shrinks from, or shuns, the determining the limit of the end; from أُبُودٌ meaning the act of “shrinking” from a thing, or “shunning” it. (Kull pp. 30 and 31.) Hence the saying, كَانَ فِى الأَزَلِ قَادِرًا عَالِمًا [He was, or has been, ever, powerful, knowing]. (A, TA.) The phrase أَزَلَ الآزَالِ [During the space, without beginning, of all past times; or ever, in all past times;] is like the phrase أَبَدَ الآبَادِ; said to be no evidence of the use of آزَالٌ as a pl. of أَزَلٌ in a general way by the Arabs of the classical ages, as it is here added merely as a corroborative. (MF in art. ابد.) [See also أَزَلِىٌّ.]

أَزِلٌ: see آزِلٌ.

أَزَلِىٌّ [Eternal, with respect to past time; existing from eternity; or ancient without beginning; as is implied in the S and K &c.;] a thing, or being, which has not been preceded by non-existence: it is applied to God: and to [his] knowledge: that which exists must be one of three kinds only: أَزَلِىٌّ أَبَدِىٌّ [existing from eternity, and consequently existing to eternity]; and this is God [who is also called القَدِيمُ الأَزَلِىُّ the Ancient without beginning]: and لَا أَزَلِىٌّ وَ لَا أَبَدِىٌّ [not existing from eternity nor existing to eternity]; and such is the present world: and أَبَدِىٌّ غَيْرُ أَزَلِىّ [existing to eternity without existing from eternity]; and such is the world to come; the reverse of which [last] is impossible: (TA:) it is a rel. n. from أَزَلٌ: or, accord. to some, it is not [genuine] Arabic: (TA:) or it is originally يَزَلِىٌّ, a rel. n. from لَمْ يَزَلْ, (S, K,) a phrase applied to that which is قَدِيم; and is formed by contraction; (S;) then, the ى is changed into ا, as being easier of pronunciation; as in أَزَنِىٌّ, applied to a spear, in relation to ذُو يَزَن; (S, K,* Sgh, TA;) and as in أَثْرَبِىٌّ, applied to a blade, (S, Sgh, TA,) in relation to يَثْرِب: (TA:) so say some of the learned. (S.) أَزَلِيَّةٌ The quality, or attribute, of أَزَلٌ [eternity, with respect to past time, &c.]: but it is a forged term, not of the [genuine] language of the Arabs. (A, TA.) سَنَةٌ أَزُولٌ A severe, distressful, calamitous, or adverse, year: pl. أُزْلٌ. (K.) آزِلٌ A man in a state of straitness, distress, adversity, or difficulty. (TA.) b2: A man in a state of straitness in consequence of fever: or who is unable to go forth in consequence of pain: or confined, restricted, withheld, or prevented [from going forth]. (TA.) b3: لَبُونٌ آزِلَةٌ [A milch camel] confined, or restricted, not pasturing at pleasure, having her shank tied up to her arm, on account of her owner's fear of a hostile incursion: occurring in a poem of El-Aashà. (TA.) b4: أَزْلٌ آزِلٌ, in the K, erroneously, ↓ أَزِلٌ, Severe, or vehement, straitness, distress, or difficulty. (K, * TA.) مَأْزِلٌ A place of straitness, or a strait place; (S, K;) like مَأْزِقٌ: (S:) or a place of war or fight, when strait. (Lh.) And مَأْزِلُ العَيْشِ The place where the means of subsistence are strait, or narrow. (Lh.) سُنَيَّةٌ حَمْرَآءُ مُؤْزِلَةٌ [A severe year of dearth, or sterility,] afflicting with drought. (TA, from a trad.) مَأْزُولٌ A horse having his rope [or tether] shortened, and then left to feed at pleasure in the place of pasturage. (Lth.)