صور

1 صَارَهُ, aor. ـُ (S, M, K,) inf. n. صَوْرٌ, (M, K,) He made it (a thing, M, K, or, as some say, specially the neck, M) to incline, or lean; (S, M, K;) as also صارهُ, aor. ـِ (S;) and ↓ اصارهُ: (S, M, Msb, K:) or he demolished it threw it down, or pulled it down to the ground; as also ↓ اصارهُ. (K.) One says, of a man, يَصُورْ عُنُقَهُ

إِلَى الشَّىْءِ He inclines his neck to the thing. (Lth.) And صُرْتُ إِلَىَّ الشَّىْءَ, and ↓ أَصَرْتُهُ, I inclined, or bent, the thing to, or towards, me. (El-Ahmar.) And صُرْتُ الغُصْنَ لِأَجْتَنِىَ الثَّمَرَ [I inclined, or bent, the branch, that I might pluck, or gather, the fruit]. (A.) And قُلُوبٌ لَا تَصُورُهَا الأَرْحَامُ (assumed tropical:) [Hearts which the ties of relationship do not incline]. (TA, from a trad.) فَصُرْهُنَّ إِلَيْكَ, in the Kur [ii. 262], means and turn them towards thee; and so فَصِرْهُنَّ: (Akh, S, M:) but the former is the more common reading: this is the meaning commonly known, of each reading: though Lh says that the former means as above, and the latter means cut them, and divide them, in pieces; (M;) and some thus explain the former, making a transposition in the verse, as though the words were thus, فَخُذْ إِلَيْكَ

أَرْبَعَةً مِنَ الطَّّيْرِ فَصُرْهُنَّ. (S.) One says also, صُرْ إِلَىَّ, and صُرْ وَجْهَكَ إِلَىَّ, Turn thou thy face towards me. (Akh, S.) And صَارَ وَجْهَهُ, aor. ـُ (M, K,) and يَصِيرُ, (K,) He turned his face towards a person or thing. (M, K.) And هُوَ يَصُورَ مَعْرُوفَهُ إِلَى النَّاسِ (tropical:) [He turns his beneficence towards men]. (TA.) b2: [Agreeably with a statement cited above, it is said that] صَارَهُ, aor. as above, (S, K,) and so the inf. n., (TA,) signifies also He dissected it; or cut it, or divided it, in pieces. (S, K, TA.) b3: And hence, (TA,) صَارَ الحُكْمَ (assumed tropical:) He (the judge, A, TA) decided the judgment. (S, * A, TA.) b4: [Freytag states, on the authority of the Kitáb el-Addád, that صار, aor. as above, has two contr. significations: He separated, or dispersed: b5: and He collected.] b6: See also 2.

A2: صَارَ also signifies He (a man, M) uttered a cry, or sound. (M, K.) A3: صَوِرَ, (M, A, K,) [aor. ـْ inf. n. صَوَرٌ, (S, M, A,) He, (Lth,) or it, (a thing, M, Msb, K, or a man's neck, M, A, *) inclined, or leaned; (Lth, S, * M, A, K;) as also ↓ انصار: (S, M, Msb, K: *) it bent; or was, or became, crooked. (A.) One says, فِى عُنُقِهِ صَوَرٌ In his neck is an inclining; and a bending, or crookedness. (A.) b2: And صَوَرٌ as an attribute of a man signifies also (tropical:) An inclining, or inclination; (S;) a desiring, or desire. (S, Msb.) 2 صوّر [inf. n. تَصْوِيرٌ,] He formed, fashioned, figured, shaped, sculptured, or pictured, him, or it; (S, M, K;) and ↓ تصوّر signifies the same; (Msb, and Bd in iii. 4;) and so does ↓ صار, accord. to Aboo-'Alec, in the saying, بَنَاهُ وَصَلَّبَ فِيهِ وَصَارَا [Which (referring to a church) he has built, and in which he has made a cross, or crosses, and has made sculptured, or painted, work]. (M.) One says, صَوَّرَهُ اللّٰهُ صُورَةً حَسَنَةً [God formed him a goodly, or beautiful, form]. (S.) b2: See also 5, in two places.4 أَصْوَرَ see 1, in three places.5 تصوّر He, or it, was, or became, formed, fashioned, figured, shaped, sculptured, or pictured. (S, M, K, TA.) b2: And [hence,] تصوّر لِى

[and لِى ↓ صُوِّرَ, like تَخَيَّلَ لِى and خُيِّلَ لِى,] It appeared to my mind, or imagination, (S, Msb,) as an image, or a picture. (Msb.) A2: See also 2. b2: [Hence,] تصوّر شَيْئًا He imagined a thing; imaged it in the mind; as also ↓ صوّرهُ; [like تَخَيَّلَهُ and خَيَّلَهُ;] he imagined, or conceived, the form of the thing. (S.) [تَصَوُّرٌ in logic signifies The forming of an idea; conception, perception, or apprehension; sometimes qualified by the epithet سَاذَجٌ i. e. simple.]

A3: Also He (being pierced with a spear or the like) inclined, to fall: (S:) or he (being struck) fell: (M, K:) or he, or it, fell, or alighted. (TA.) 7 اِنْصَارَ: see صَوِرَ. b2: Also It (a thing) became demolished, and cut, or divided, in pieces: (O:) it (a mountain) became demolished, and fell: (Sgh, TA:) it cracked, and split. (TA.) 8 اصطارهُ He doubled it, or folded it; or he bent it; syn. ثَنَاهُ. (O.) صَارٌ: see صَيِّرٌ, below, in two places.

صَوْرٌ Small palm-trees: (M, K:) or a collection of small palm-trees: (S, M, K:) a word having no proper sing.: (S, M:) [but see صَوْرَةٌ:] pl. صِيرَانٌ: (Sh, M, K:) and other trees: pl. as above. (Sh, TA.) b2: Also The root of a palmtree, (M, K,) or of a palm-trunk. (M.) b3: and The bank, or side, of a river or rivulet. (M, K.) b4: And The side of the neck. (O, * K, * TA. [In the CK, واللِّيتِ is erroneously put for وَاللِّيتُ.]) b5: And The forelock: so in the saying of a rájiz, كَأَنَّ عُرْفًا مَائِلًا مِنْ صَوْرِهِ [As though a mane inclining from his forelock]. (S.) صُورٌ A horn: (S, M:) and a horn in which one blows: (S, M, K:) so in the Kur [vi. 73, &c.], يَوْمَ يُنْفَخُ فِى الصُّورِ [i. e. On the day when the horn shall be blown in]: El-Kelbee says, I know not what is الصور: and it is said to be pl. of صُورَةٌ, like as بُسْرٌ is of بُسْرَةٌ; [or rather a coll. gen. n., of which صُورَةٌ is the n. un.;] i. e., [the phrase means] when the souls shall be blown into the forms of the dead: and El-Hasan read فِى الصُّوَرِ: (S, L, TA:) this is related on the authority of AO; but AHeyth asserts him to have said wrong. (L, TA.) صَوَرٌ inf. n. of صَوِرَ [q. v.]. (M, A.) b2: Also An itching (أُكَالٌ) in the head. (IAar, TA.) [See also صَوْرَةٌ.]

صَارَةٌ The head, (O,) or the upper, or uppermost, part, (K,) of a mountain: (O, K:) and صُؤَيْرَةٌ [with ء] has been heard from the Arabs as its dim. (TA.) A2: See also صِوَارٌ.

صَوْرَةٌ (tropical:) An inclination, or a desire. (TA.) Yousay, أَرَى لَكَ إِلَيْهِ صَوْرَةً (tropical:) I see thee to have a loving inclination to him. (A.) And مَا بِى إِلَيْهَا صَوْرَةٌ (tropical:) I have not any inclination to, or desire for, her. (TA, from a trad.) b2: And An itching, or itch, (حِكَّة,) in the head: (A:) or an affection like حِكَّة in a man's head, occasioning a desire to be loused. (S, M, K.) [See also صَوَرٌ.]

A2: And A palm-tree. (IAar.) [See also صَوْرٌ.]

صُورَةٌ Form, fashion, figure, shape, or semblance; syn. شَكْلٌ, (M, K,) and مِثَالٌ; (Msb;) the external state of a thing; (IAth;) that whereby a thing is sensibly distinguished by men in general, and even by many other animate beings, from other things; as the صورة of a man, and of a horse, and of an ass. (B.) b2: And An effigy; an image, or a statue; a picture; anything that is formed, fashioned, figured, or shaped, after the likeness of any of God's creatures, animate or inanimate: it is said that the maker of an effigy, or image, will be punished on the day of resurrection, and will be commanded to put life into it; and that the angels will not enter a house in which is a صورة. (Mgh.) [See also تَصَاوِيرُ.] b3: [Hence, A mental image; or a resemblance, of any object, formed, or conceived, by the mind; an idea: a meaning of frequent occurrence in philosophical works &c.] b4: And Species; syn. نَوْعٌ. (K.) b5: And The essence of a thing; that by being which a thing is what it is; or the property, or quality, or the aggregate of properties or qualities, whereby a thing is what it is; syn. حَقِيقَةٌ: (IAth:) [specific character;] that whereby a thing is mentally distinguished by particular persons, not by the vulgar, from other things; as the صورة by which a man is specially distinguished, consisting in reason and thought and other distinctive attributes: (B:) a quality, an attribute, a property; or a description, as meaning the aggregate of the qualities or attributes or properties, of a thing; or the state, condition, or case, of a thing; syn. صِفَةٌ: (IAth, Msb, K:) as when you say, صُورَةُ الأَمْرِ كَذَا [The quality, &c., of the thing is of such a kind]: (IAth, Msb:) and صُورَةُ المَسْأَلَةِ كَذَا [The description, statement, or form, of the question is of such a kind]: (Msb:) and so in the saying of the Prophet, أَتَانِى اللَّيْلَةَ رَبِّى فِى

أَحْسَنِ صُورَةٍ [My Lord came to me to-night in a most goodly state]; or صورة may here refer to the Prophet, and may mean external state, or manner of being, or condition. (IAth.) b6: And The mode, or manner, of an action. (IAth.) b7: The pl. is صُوَرٌ (S, M, Msb, K) and صِوَرٌ and صُورٌ; (S, M, K;) the second of which is rare, and by some disallowed. (MF.) b8: The saying of the Prophet خَلَقَ اللّٰهُ آدَمَ عَلَى صُورَتِهِ may mean that God created Adam in the صورة [or form &c.] that He, namely, God, originated and ordained; or in the صورة proper to him, namely, Adam. (M.) b9: صُورَةٌ signifies also The face: so in a trad. cited voce مُحَرَّمٌ; in which it is said that the صورة is pronounced sacred, i. e. that it is not to be slapped: and in another, in which it is said that the Prophet disliked marking the صورة with a hot iron. (TA.) صُوَارٌ: see the next paragraph, in four places.

صِوَارٌ A herd of [wild] bulls or cows; (S, M, Msb, K;) as also ↓ صُوَارٌ and ↓ صِيَارٌ [the latter in the CK written صِيّار] and ↓ صُوَّارٌ [in some copies of the K erroneously written صُوَار, which, as observed in the TA, is a repetition]: (M, K, TA:) pl. of the first (S, M) and second and third (M) صِيرَانٌ. (S, M.) A2: Also A sweet odour; and so ↓ صُوَارٌ. (M, K.) b2: And A vesicle (وِعَآء) of musk; (S, Msb;) as also ↓ صُوَارٌ, (Msb,) and ↓ صِيَارٌ, (S,) and ↓ صَارَةٌ [also] signifies [the same, i. e.] a فَارَة or فَأْرَة of musk: (O, K:) or صِوَارٌ and ↓ صُوَارٌ signify a small quantity of musk: (M, K:) or a piece, or portion, thereof: (M:) and صِوَارٌ signifies also musk [itself]: (TA:) pl. أَصْوِرَةٌ. (M, K.) [Said in the M to be Pers\.]

A3: الصِّوَارَانِ The two corners of the mouth; (O, K;) called by the vulgar الصَّوَّارَيْن, (O, TA,) or الصَّوَارَيْن (O in art. صمغ.) صِيَارٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places.

صُؤَيْرَةٌ [with ء] a dim. of صَارَةٌ [q. v.]. (TA.) صَيِّرٌ Goodly in صُورَة [i. e. form &c.]; (Fr, S, K;) as also ↓ صَارٌ. (TA in art. شور.) One says رَجُلٌ صَيِّرٌ شَيِّرٌ (Fr, S) and شَارٌ ↓ صَارٌ (TA ubi suprà) A man goodly in صورة [or form &c.] and in شَارَة [i. e. appearance or apparel &c.]. (Fr, S.) [See also شَيِّرٌ in art. شور.]

صَوَّارٌ A sparrow (عُصْفُورٌ) that answers when called. (S, M, K. *) صُوَّارٌ: see صِوَارٌ, first sentence.

أَصْوَرُ Inclining: (M, K:) pl. صُورٌ. (M.) One says رَجُلٌ أَصْوَرُ A man having an inclining, or a bending, or crooked, neck. (A.) And هُوَ أَصْوَرُ

إِلَى كَذَا He is inclining his neck and face towards such a thing. (A.) b2: [And hence,] (assumed tropical:) Having an inclination, or a desire, (S, M, Msb,) to, or for, (إِلَى,) a friend, or an object of love. (M.) تَصَاوِيرُ [pl. of تَصْوِيرٌ and تَصْوِيرَةٌ] Effigies, images, or statues; pictures; and the like. (S, Mgh.) [See also صُورَةٌ.]

مُصَوِّرٌ [A sculptor; and a painter, or limner, or the like]. المُصَوِرُ as an epithet of God, The Former, or Fashioner, of all existing things, who hath established them, and given to every one of them a special form and a particular manner of being whereby it is distinguished, with their variety and multitude. (TA.)

بنج

2 بنّجهُ, inf. n. تَبْنِيجٌ, [He dosed him, or stupified him, with بَنْج, q. v.;] he gave him بَنْج to eat. (K.) [See the act. part. n. below.]

بَنْجٌ [Hyoscyamus, or henbane;] an arabicized word, [said to be] from [the Persian] بَنْكْ; [but see a quotation from Hammer-Purgstall, near the close of this paragraph;] a certain plant, (Mgh, and Har p. 365,) having an intoxicating kind of grain, or, as some say, (Mgh,) of which the leaves and peel and seeds torpify: (Mgh, Har:) it is said, in the Kánoon, (Mgh,) by Aboo-'Alee [Ibn-Seenà, or Avicenna], (Har,) that it is a poison which confuses the intellect, and annuls the memory, and occasions insanity and [the disorder termed]

خُنَاق [or quinsy]; (Mgh, Har;) and it is red, and white: (Har:) a certain plant having a kind of grain that confuses the intellect, and occasions alienation of the mind, or insanity; and sometimes it intoxicates, when a man drinks it after it has been dissolved; and it is said to occasion forgetfulness: (Msb:) a certain torpifying plant, well known; different from حَشِيشُ الحَرَافِيشِ; disordering the intellect (مُخَبِّطٌ لِلْعَقْلِ), rendering insane, allaying the pains of humours and pustules, and the earache, (K, TA,) applied as a liniment or as a poultice; (TA;) the worst kind (K, TA) for use (TA) is the black; then, the red; and the safest kind is the white. (K, TA.) [Kzw says that the leaves of the garden-hemp (قِنَّب بُسْتَانِىّ, or شَهْدَانَجِ, the latter of which properly signifies hemp-seed,) are the بَنْج which, when eaten, disorders the intellect. And ElIdreesee applies the appellation حَشِيشِيَّة to the “ Assassins. ” This establishes the correctness of De Sacy's opinion, that the appellation “ Assassins ” is derived from the vulgar pl. حَشَّاشِين, (hemp-eaters, or persons who intoxicate themselves with hemp,) for حَشَّاشِين is syn. with حَشِيشَّة, and the sect called by us the “ Assassins ” are expressly said by the Arabs to have made frequent use of بَنْج. Baron Hammer-Purgstall, correctly regarding بَنْج as hyoscyamus (or henbane), makes the following important observations, “ ‘ Bendj, ' the pl. of which in Coptic is ‘ nibendj, ' is without doubt the same plant as the ‘ nepenthe, '

which has hitherto so much perplexed the commentators of Homer. Helen evidently brought the nepenthe from Egypt, and bendj is there still reputed to possess all the wonderful qualities which Homer attributes to it. ” (Trébutien, “Contes Inédits des Mille et une Nuits,” tome i. p. 12, note.)] The phrase شَرِبَ البَنْجَ is used by ElKarkhee [as meaning He drank the بنج] because it is mixed with water; or [as meaning he took, or swallowed, the بنج,] according to the conventional language of the physicians. (Mgh.) مُبَنِّجٌ One who employs a stratagem by means of food containing بَنْج [in order to obtain some advantage over another, by stupifying him therewith; as the “ Assassins ” used to do]. (Mgh.)

بدل: بَدَل، بَدَل القصاص: غيّره (بوشر).
وبَدَل الكاهن: لبس البدلة، نصرانية عامية (محيط المحيط).
بَدَّل (بالتضعيف) غيرَّ وحرّف (الكالا) يقال مثلا: بدّل الصورة: غيرها وحولها إلى أخرى. - ومسخ (الكالا) فهو مُبَدّل: مشوه، مسخ.
وتبديل: تشويه، مسخ، تحريف - وصفق الشراب نقله من إناء إلى آخر (الكالا) - وبدّل دينه: غيره وبالتالي أفسده (أبو الوليد 141) والفاعل لذلك: مُبَدِّل (أبو الوليد 137) - ومرق من الدين، وارتد (كرتاس 223).
وبدَّل مسكنه: تحول عنه (الكالا)، وفيه: تبدل المسكن: التحول عنه - والمعنى الذي ذكره فريتاج رواية عن رابسكه وهو: تبدل الشيء بشيء آخر غيره، موجود أيضاً عند ألكالا. - وبدّل ثيابه: لبس لباس الكهنوت (محيط المحيط) - وبدَّل اللون: غيَّره (شحب أو احمر) (ألكالا). - ومُبدَّل الوجه: مقنعه (الكالا) - وبدل الموضع: غيره (بوشر).
تبدل: يقال تبدل الشيء بالشيء: أخذه بدله ففي ألف ليلة 1: 44 مثلاً: والنوم من عيني تبدل بالسهر (النوم من عيني معناه نوم عيني) - كما يقال تبدل من الشيء بالشيء (معجم مسلم).
وفي عباد 1: 59 مثلاً:
تبدلت من عز ظل البنود ... بذل الحديد وثقل القيود
وتبدل الاتراح بالأفراح أو الأفراح بالاتراح على غفلة: تقلب الأحوال (بوشر).
وتبدل ثيابه: غيرها - وتبدل: تنكر، تخفى (بوشر) - وتبدل: لبس بدلة الكهنوت (محيط المحيط) - وتبدل تشوه وجهه وسمج (الكالا) - وتبدل فلان وفلان: لاط كل واحد منهما بالآخر (الكالا).
تبادل: تناوب وتعاقب، عمل بالنوبة (بوشر).
انبدل: تغير واستحالت هيئته (فوك، أبو الوليد 477) والانبدال وهو مصدر انبدل معناه استحالة الهيئة ومسخها (بوشر). ابتدل: أبدل الحروف، ففي أبو الوليد 132: ابتدال بعض الحروف ببعض، وفيه ص338 و 352: هذا الحرف يبتدل من صاحبه. وقد جاء هذا في مواضع أخرى منه، باين سميث 1286.
استبدل: بدل وأبدل، ويأتي بعدها المُبدَل مفعولاً وتلحق الباء بالبديل، ففي الثعالبي طبعة فالتون ص19: إنا خلعنا أباك وملكناك لتستبدل إساءته بإحسانك (انظر 34 رقم 4).
بَدَل: مساو، معادل، كفء (بوشر) - وانظر عن الأولياء المسمون بالابدال: زيشر 20: 38 رقم 50 ودى سلان ترجمة ابن خلطان 3: 98.
بَدْلَة: كسوة، حلة، وبهذه اللفظ يجب تبديل ما ذكرته في الملابس ص396 رقم 2 (انظر: لين 174. معجم متفرقات مادة بدن).
وبدلة الكاهن: حلته الكهنوتية (بوشر، محيط المحيط - وثوب، كساء (بوشر، همبرت 19).
وقد أخطأ دي غويه في معجم متفرقات حين فسر بهذا المعنى العبارتين اللتين نقلهما من ألف ليلة فالكلمة المذكورة فيهما تعني: حلة، كسوة كما يرد دائما في ألف ليلة ومعناها الصحيح هو الذي أشار إليه صاحب محيط المحيط.
ثم إن دي غويه قد أخطأ حين رأى أن ((بدنة)) هي صورة أخرى من ((بدلة)) وكان عليه أن يبدل ((بدنة)) ببدلة في النص الذي نشره. - والبديل من الدواب وهي كلاب أو خيل تبدل بها الكلاب أو الخيل المتعبة (بوشر).
بُدْلَة: حلة الكاهن، وهي ثوب بلا كمين يرتديه الكاهن عند إقامة القداس (برجرن).
بَدال: هي في كلام عامة مصر والشام بمعنى بَدَل وهو العوض والخلف والقائم مقام الشيء (بركهارت أمثال رقم 143، وبوشر، محيط المحيط).
بديلة = بديل (أبو الوليد 803، باين سميث 1289 - والزوجة تخلف أخرى (محيط المحيط).
بادلان: هي تماما الكلمة الإيطالية Potella وهو ضرب من المحار يؤكل وتشبه صدفته الصحن. وقد كتبها باجني 93 بَدَلا badalà وبالإيطالية patella وفي معجم بوشر: بادلان: محار ( huître) .
إبدال: وضع شيء بدل شيء واتخاذه عوضاً منه (بوشر).
تَبْدِيل: تنكر، تغيير الزي والهيئة (بوشر).
مُتَبدل: قابل التحول والتغير (الكالا).

بدل

1 بَدَلَ, inf. n. بَدَالٌ: see 2, in three places.2 تَبْدِيلٌ properly signifies [The changing, or altering, a thing; or] the changing, or altering, the form, or fashion, or semblance, or the quality, or condition, [of a thing,] to another form, &c., while the substance remains the same; (Th, T, TA;) or the changing a thing from its state, or condition; (Ibn-'Arafeh, TA;) or the changing a thing without substitution: (S:) but the Arabs have used it also in the sense of ↓ إِبْدَالٌ, (Mbr, T, TA,) which signifies [the changing a thing by substitution; exchanging it; replacing it with another thing; or] the removing, or displacing, the substance [of a thing], and introducing anew another substance. (Th, T, TA.) You say, بَدَّلْتُهُ, inf. n. تَبْدِيلٌ, (M, * Msb, K,) meaning I changed it, or altered it; (M, K) or I changed, or altered, the form, or fashion, or semblance, or the quality, or condition, of it; (Msb;) as in the phrase, بَدَّلْتُ الخَاتَمَ بِالحَلْقَةِ [I changed, or altered, the signet-ring into the simple ring], said when one has melted the former and made of it a simple ring; (Fr, T, TA;) and بَدَّلَ اللّٰهُ السَّيِئَّاتِ حَسَنَاتٍ [God changed the evil deeds into good deeds]; the verb being doubly trans. by itself because it has the meaning of جَعَلَ and صَيَّرَ. (Msb. [But see what follows.]) ↓ أَبْدَلْتُهُ بِكَذَا, [in the S, أَبْدَلْتُ الشَّىْءَ بِغَيْرِهِ, without explanation,] inf. n. إِبْدَالٌ, [I changed it by substituting for it such a thing, or exchanged it for such a thing, or replaced it with such a thing,] is said when one has removed the first, and put the second in its place; (Msb;) as in the phrase, أَبْدَلْتُ الخَاتَمَ بِالحَلْقَةِ [I changed the signet-ring by substituting for it the simple ring; exchanged the signet-ring for the simple ring; or replaced the signet-ring with the simple ring]; said when one removes the one, and puts the other in its place: (Fr, T, TA:) and this verb is also made doubly trans. by itself, like بَدَّلْتُ, (Msb,) which is used in the sense of أَبْدَلْتُ [as shown above]; (Mbr, T, TA;) for instance, where it is said, [in the Kur lxvi. 5,] عَسَى رَبُّهُ إِنْ طَلَّقَكُنَّ أَنْ يُبْدِلَهُ

أَزْوَجًا خَيْرًا مِنْكُنَّ [May-be, his Lord, if he divorce you, will give him in exchange wives better than you]; accord to one reading, يُبَدِّلَهُ (Msb.) An ex. of the latter of these two verbs in the sense of the former is the saying in the Kur [xxv. 70], يُبَدِّلُ اللّٰهُ سَيِّآتِهِمْ حَسَنَاتٍ [God will change their evil deeds by substituting for them good deeds]; i. e. will cancel the evil deeds and put in their place good deeds: but in the saying in the Kur [iv. 59], كُلَّمَا نَضِجَتْ جُلُودُهُمْ بَدَّلْنَاهُمْ جُلُودًا غَيْرَهَا [Whenever their skins are thoroughly burned, we will change the condition thereof to them into the condition of other skins], the meaning is, that the first condition of their skins shall be restored; so that the substance is one, but the condition is different. (Mbr, T, TA.) You say also, بَدَّلَهُ اللّٰهُ مَنَ الخَوْفِ أَمْنًا [God gave him in exchange for fear, or in lieu of fear, security]. (S.) [and بَدَّلَهُ بِهِ كَذَا He gave him in exchange for it, or in lieu of it, such a thing: see Kur xxxiv. 15.

And بدّل مَكَانَهُ كَذَا He gave in exchange for it, or in lieu of it, such a thing: see Kur vii. 93 and xvi. 103.] بَدَّلَ حُسْنًا بَعْدَ سُوْءٍ, in the Kur [xxvii. 11], means He hath done good [by way of exchange after evil]; i. e., repented; (Jel;) or بَدَّلَ ذَنْبُهُ بِالتَوْبَةِ [hath exchanged his sin for repentance]. (Bd.) تَبْدِيلٌ and ↓ إِبْدَالٌ both signify The act of exchanging [a thing for another thing]; or making [a thing] to be a substitute [for another thing]; (KL, PS;) and so does ↓ بَدَالٌ. (KL.) You say, بدّل الشَّىْءَ مِنَ الشَىْءِ, (M, K, *) and مِنْهُ ↓ ابدلهُ, i. e. اِتَّخَذَهُ مِنْهُ بَدلًا [here meaning He exchanged the thing for the thing; or, more literally, he made the thing a substitute for the thing]. (M, K. [In the text of the former of these, as given in the TT, instead of اِتَّخَذَهُ, I find تَخِذَ (a dial. var. of اِتَّخَذَ) without the affixed pronoun, which is meant to be understood or is omitted inadvertently by the transcriber: and here it should be observed, that the explanation which I have rendered as above admits of another meaning, namely, أَخَذَهُ مِنْهُ بَدَلًا

“he took it as a substitute for it:” in the M, immediately before, أَخَذَهُ مِنْهُ بَدَلًا is given as the explanation of the phrases تبدّل الشَّىْءَ and بِالشَّىْءِ, and استبدلهُ and بِهِ: see 10.]) You say also, الثَّوْبَ بِغَيْرِهِ ↓ بَدَلْتُ, aor. ـُ [inf. n. بَدَالٌ, mentioned and explained above, I exchanged the garment, or piece of cloth, for another; or made it to be a substitute for another;] and ↓ اِسْتَبْدَلْتُهُ بِغَيْرِهِ signifies the same. (Msb. [But the latter phrase has more frequently another meaning, explained below: see 10.]) [↓ ابدلهُ in the phrases ابدلهُ كَذَا as meaning He changed it into, or substituted for it, such a thing, and ابدلهُ مِنْ كَذَا as meaning he changed it from, or substituted it for, such a thing, is more common than بدّله, which is used in the same sense; as ↓ بَدَلَهُ is also; for] AO applies the term ↓ مَبْدُولٌ [in lieu of the more common term ↓ مُبْدَلٌ] to a letter that is changed from another letter, as in مَدَهْتُهُ for مَدَحْتُهُ; and this shows that بَدَلْتُ is trans. [and signifies I changed, &c.]. (Az, TA.) 3 مُبَادَلَةٌ and ↓ تَبَادَلٌ signify the same, (S,) namely, The act of exchanging with another or others. (PS.) You say, بادلهُ, inf. n. مُبَادَلَةٌ and بِدَالٌ [in the CK erroneously written with fet-h to the ب], He exchanged, or made an exchange, with him; or] he gave him the like of that which he took, or received, from him; (IDrd, * M, K;) for instance, a garment, or piece of cloth, in the place of another; (Lth, T, Msb, * in explanation of the former inf. n.;) and a brother in the place of a brother. (Lth, T.) And ↓ تَبَادَلَا They exchanged, or made an exchange, each with the other; or each gave to the other the like of that which he took, or received, from him. (TA.) نُبَادِلُهْ, ending a verse of El-Kulákh, means for whom we would take a substitute: El-Marzookee says, it is for نُبَادِلُ بِهِ النَّاسَ [for whom we would make an exchange with the people]; the preposition being suppressed. (Ham p. 465.) 4 ابدلهُ, inf. n. إِبْدَالٌ: see 2, in five places.5 تبدّل It (a thing, M) became changed, or altered. (M, K.) b2: In the saying of the rájiz, فَبُدِّلَتْ وَالدَّهْرُ ذُو تَبَدُّلِ the meaning is, ذو تَبْدِيل [i. e. the meaning of the whole is, And, or but, she was changed, or altered; for time has the property of changing, or altering]. (M.) A2: See also 10, in three places.6 تَبَاْدَلَ see 3, in two places.10 استبدل الشَّىْءَ and بِالشَّىْءِ, and ↓ تبدّلهُ and بِهِ, (M, K, *) He took a substitute, or a thing in exchange, for the thing. (M.) You say, استبدل الشَّىْءَ بِغَيْرِهِ, and بِهِ ↓ تبدّلهُ, He took the thing [as a substitute, or in exchange, for another; or] in the place of another. (S.) And استبدل ثَوْبًا مَكَانَ ثَوْبٍ [He took a garment, or piece of cloth, in the place, or in lieu, of a garment, &c.]; and أَخًا مَكَانَ أَخٍ [a brother in the place, or in lieu, of a brother]. (Lth, T.) It is said in the Kur [ii. 58], أَتَسْتَبْدِلُونَ الَّذِى هُوَ أَدْنَى بِالَّذِى هُوَ خَيْرٌ Will ye take in exchange that which is worse for that which is better? (Jel. [See also other exs. in the Kur ix. 39 and xlvii. last verse.]) and الكُفْرَ بِالْإِيمَانِ ↓ مَنْ يَتَبَدَّلِ [Whoso adopteth infidelity in lieu of faith]. (Kur ii. 102. [See also other exs. in the Kur iv. 2 and xxxiii. 52.]) b2: See also 2, last sentence but one.

بِدْلٌ: see the next paragraph, in four places.

بَدَلٌ and ↓ بِدْلٌ, (Fr, T, S, M, Msb, K,) like مَثَلٌ and مِثْلٌ, and شَبَهٌ and شِبْهٌ, (Fr, T, S,) and نَكَلٌ and نِكَلٌ, the only other instances of the kind, i. e. of words of both these measures, that have been heard, accord. to AO, (S, TA, [but in one copy of the S, I find A'Obeyd,]) and ↓ بَدِيلٌ (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) all signify the same; (S, M, Msb, K;) namely, A substitute; a thing given, or received, or put, or done, instead of, in place of, in lieu of, or in exchange for, another thing; a compensation; syn. خَلَفٌ, (M, K,) and عِوَضٌ: (Kull:) بَدَلُ الشَّىْءِ [and البَدَلُ مِنَ الشَّىْءِ] and ↓ بِدْلُهُ ↓ بَدِيلُهُ meaning الخَلَفُ مِنْهُ [the substitute for the thing; &c.]; (M, K;) i. e., another thing: (S:) pl. أَبْدَالٌ, (IDrd, Msb, K,) which, as pl. of ↓ بَدِيلٌ, has few parallels. (IDrd, TA.) Sb says, [making a distinction between بَدَلٌ and ↓ بَدِيلٌ,] you say, إِنَّ بَدَلَكَ زَيْدٌ, i. e. Verily Zeyd is in thy place: but if you put بَدَل in the place of بَدِيلِ, you say, إِنَّ بَدَلَكَ زَيْدٌ, i. e. ↓ إِنَّ بِدَيلَكَ زَيْدٌ [Verily thy substitute is Zeyd]: and a man says to another, Go thou with such a one; and he replies, مَعِىَ رَجُلٌ بَدَلُهُ, i. e. With me is a man who stands in his stead, and is in his place, or who will stand &c. (M.) You say also, بَلَ كَذَا [and بَدَلًا مِنْ كَذَا], meaning Instead of, in the place of, in lieu of, or in exchange for, such a thing. (Kull.) [And بَدَلَ أَنْ تَفْعَلَ كَذَا Instead of thy doing thus.] b2: الأَبْدَالُ (IDrd, S, M, K, &c.) and البُدَلَآءُ (TA) [The Substitutes, or Lieutenants;] certain righteous persons, of whom the world is never destitute; when one dies, God substituting another in his place: (S:) certain persons by means of whom God rules the earth; (M, K;) consisting of seventy men, (IDrd, M, K,) according to their assertion, of whom the earth is never destitute; (IDrd, TA;) forty of whom are in Syria, and thirty in the other countries; (IDrd, M, K;) none of them dying without another's supplying his place, (M, K,) from the rest of mankind; (K;) and therefore they are named ابدال: (M:) accord. to Abu-lBakà, as stated by El-Munáwee, it seems that they meant [by this appellation] the substitutes and successors of the prophets; and accord. to some, they were seven, neither more nor fewer, by means of whom God takes care of the seven climates; one being successor of Abraham (ElKhaleel), and to him pertains the first climate; the second, of Moses (El-Keleem); the third, of Aaron; the fourth, of Idrees; the fifth, of Joseph; the sixth, of Jesus; and the seventh, of Adam: (TA: [in which is also mentioned a treatise denying their existence, and disapproving of the assertion that by means of them God takes care of the earth:]) the sing. is بَدَلٌ and ↓ بِدْلٌ, (T,) or ↓ بَدِيلٌ. (IDrd, S.) b3: حُرُوفُ البَدَلِ (M, K) The letters of substitution; those which are substituted for other letters; not those which are substituted in consequence of idghám. (M.) [The letters included under this appellation differ accord. to different authors: see De Sacy's Gram. Ar.

2nd ed. i. 33.] b4: ↓ بِدْلٌ (Kr, M, K) and بَدَلٌ (M, K,) applied to a man, also signify Generous, and noble: (Kr, * M, K:) and used in these senses, [says ISd,] they are, in my opinion, not devoid of implication of the meaning of a substitute: (M:) the pl. is أَبْدَالٌ (M, K.) بَدِيلٌ: see بَدَلٌ, in six places بَدَّالٌ A seller of eatables (A Heyth, T, K) of every kind: thus he is called by the Arabs; (A Heyth, T;) because he changes one sale for another; selling one thing to-day and another to-morrow: (AHát, TA:) the vulgar say, بَقَّالٌ. (A Heyth, T, K.) b2: Also One who has no more property than is sufficient for his purchasing one thing, and who, when he sells this, buys another thing in exchange for it. (TA in art. جدل.) [Hence,] هٰذَا رَأْىُ الجَدَّالِينَ وَالبَدَّالِينَ is a phrase used as meaning This is flimsy opinion. (TA in the present art. and in art. جدل, [but in the latter without the و,] on the authority of AHeyth.) مُبْدَلٌ: see 2.

مَبْدَلٌ: see 2.

جبل

1 جَبَلَهُ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (Msb, K) and جَبِلَ, (K,) inf. n. جَبْلٌ, (KL.) He (God) created him. (S, Msb, K, KL.) So in the phrase, جَبَلَهُ عَلَى كَذَا, (Msb,) or على الشَّىْءِ, (K,) He (God) created him with an adaptation, or a disposition, to such a thing, or to the thing; adapted him, or disposed him, by nature thereto. (Msb.) It is said in a trad., جُبِلَتِ القُلُوبُ عَلَى حُبِّ مَنْ أَحْسَنَ إِلَيْهَا وَبُغْضِ مَنْ أَسَآءَ إِلَيْهَا [Hearts are created with a disposition to the love of him who does good to them, and the hatred of him who does evil to them]. (TA.) b2: Also, (K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) i. q. جَبَرَهُ [evidently as meaning He compelled him, against his will, عَلَى الأَمْرِ to do the thing; for he who is created with a disposition to do a thing is as though he were compelled to do it]; and so ↓ اجبلهُ, (K, TA,) inf. n. إِجْبَالٌ. (TA.) A2: جَبِلَ (assumed tropical:) He (a man) became like a mountain (جَبَل) in bigness, thickness, coarseness, or roughness. (TA.) b2: جَبِلَ حَدِيدُهُمْ (K, TA; in the CK, جَبَلَ; and in a MS. copy of the K, without any vowels;) (assumed tropical:) Their iron was, or became, blunt, such as would not penetrate. (K, * TA.) 3 جابل He (a man) alighted, or descended and abode, or sojourned, or settled, in a mountain. (AA, TA.) 4 اجبل He came, or went, or betook himself, to the mountain. (ISk, S, K.) b2: (tropical:) He (a digger) reached a hard place, (S, K,) or stone, (Mgh,) in his digging. (TA. [الحَافِر, meaning “ the digger,” Golius seems to have misunderstood as meaning “ the hoof ” of a horse.]) b3: [Hence,] (tropical:) He (a poet) experienced difficulty in diction, (K, TA,) so that he said nothing original, nor anything in the way of repetition. (TA.) b4: And طَلَبَ حَاجَةً فَأَجْبَلَ (assumed tropical:) He sought a thing that he wanted, and failed of attaining it. (TA.) b5: And سَأَلْنَاهُمْ فَأَجْبَلُوا (tropical:) We asked them, and they refused, and did not give. (Ibn-'Abbád, Z, TA.) b6: And أَجْبَلُوا (tropical:) Their iron became blunt, so that it would not penetrate. (K, * TA.) A2: اجبلهُ (tropical:) He found him to be a جَبَل, i. e. a niggard: (K, TA:) it is considered as implying fixedness. (TA.) b2: See also 1.5 تجبّلوا They entered a mountain: (K:) or, accord. to the O, you say, تجبّل القَوْمُ الجِبَالَ, meaning, the people, or company of men, entered the mountains. (TA.) جَبْلٌ (assumed tropical:) Big, thick, coarse, or rough; (TA;) as also ↓ جَبِلٌ , applied to a thing (S, O, K) of any kind: (K:) or this latter is applied to an arrow, signifying (assumed tropical:) coarsely, roughly, or rudely, pared. (K.) You say رَجُلٌ جَبْلُ الرَّأْسِ , (K, TA, [in the CK, erroneously, جَبَلُ الرأس ,]) and الوَجْهِ, (TA,) (tropical:) A man having a big, thick, coarse, or rough, head, and face; (TA;) having little sweetness. (K, TA.) [See also جَبِيلٌ.] and ↓ رَجُلٌ مِجْبَالٌ (assumed tropical:) A big, thick, coarse, or rough, and heavy, man. (Ham p. 818.) And اِمْرَأَةٌ جَبْلَةٌ (K [in one place in the CK جَبَلَةٌ and جِبْلَةٌ, but only جَبْلَةٌ accord. to the TA,]) and ↓ مِجْبَالٌ (S, K) (tropical:) A woman big, thick, coarse, or rough, (S, K, TA,) in make; (S;) large in make. (TA.) And خِلْقَةٌ جَبْلَةٌ (assumed tropical:) A big, thick, coarse, or rough, make. (Ham p. 821.) And نَاقَةٌ جَبْلَةُ السَّنَامِ (tropical:) A she-camel having an increasing hump. (TA.) And سَيْفٌ جَبْلٌ and ↓ مِجْبَالٌ (assumed tropical:) A sword not made thin. (TA.) A2: Also (K, TA, [in the CK, جَبَل,]) A court [of a house]; syn. سَاحَةٌ. (K.) جُبْلٌ: see جِبْلٌ: b2: and جِبِلٌّ.

A2: Also Dry trees. (K.) جِبْلٌ Much; or numerous; (S, K;) as also ↓ جُبْلٌ (K.) So in the phrases مَالٌ جِبْلٌ [Much property; or numerous cattle]; and حَىٌّ جِبْلٌ A numerous tribe. (S.) b2: See also جِبِلٌّ, in two places.

جَبَلٌ [A mountain: or] any of the mountains (أَوْتَاد [lit. “pegs,” or “stakes,” a term applied to the mountains because they are supposed to make the earth firm, or fast,]) of the earth, that is great and long; (Mgh, K;) or, as some say, only such as is long; (Msb;) such as is isolated being called أَكَمَةٌ, or قُنَّةٌ: (K:) [and also applied to a rocky tract; any rocky elevation, however little elevated:] and sometimes it means stone; [or rock;] such, for instance, as is reached by the digger: and hence it is applied to Es-Safà and El-Marweh: (Mgh:) pl. [of mult.] جِبَالٌ (S, Msb, K) and (of pauc., Msb) أَجْبُلٌ (Msb, K) and أَجْبَالٌ. (K.) b2: [Hence,] (assumed tropical:) A man who does not remove from his place: you say of such a one, هُوَ جَبَلٌ. (TA.) b3: (tropical:) A niggard. (K, TA.) [See 4.] b4: (tropical:) The lord, or chief, of a people, or company of men: and their learned man. (Fr, K, TA.) b5: ابْنَةُ الجَبَل (assumed tropical:) The serpent: (K:) because it keeps to the جَبَل. (TA.) b6: (assumed tropical:) Calamity, or misfortune. (K.) b7: (assumed tropical:) The bow that is made from the tree called نَبْع; (K, TA;) because this is one of the trees of the جَبَل. (TA.) b8: (assumed tropical:) The echo. (Har p. 472.) جَبُلٌ: see جِبِلٌّ.

جَبِلٌ: see جَبْلٌ. b2: Also, applied to the iron head, or blade, of an arrow, or of a spear, or of a sword, &c., (tropical:) Blunt; that will not penetrate into a thing: (Ibn-' Abbád, K, * TA:) and so, with ة, applied to a فَأْس. (TA.) جُبُلٌ: see جِبِلٌّ.

جَبْلَةٌ (K, TA, [in the CK جَبَلَةٌ,]) and ↓ جِبْلَةٌ The face: or the بَشَرَة [or external skin] thereof: or the part thereof that is turned towards one. (K.) A2: Also, (K,) or the former, (TA,) A vice, fault, defect, or blemish. (K.) A3: And Strength. (K.) b2: And Hardness of the earth, or ground. (Lth, K.) A4: See also جُبْلَةٌ: A5: and see جِبْلَپٌ.

جُبْلَةٌ A camel's hump; (S, K;) as also ↓ جَبْلَةٌ. (K.) A2: See also جِبِلٌّ: A3: and see جِبِلَّةٌ, in two places.

جِبْلَةٌ: see جِبِلَّةٌ. b2: Also The origin, or stock, (K, TA,) of any created thing; (TA;) and so ↓ جُبُلَّةٌ. (K, TA.) b3: The fundamental nature, or composition, of a mountain. (TA.) b4: ثَوْبٌ جَيِّدُ الجِبْلَةِ (tropical:) A garment, or piece of cloth, good in respect of the thread (K, TA) and the weaving. (TA.) b5: رَجُلٌ ذُو جِبْلَةٍ (assumed tropical:) A big, thick, coarse, or rough, man. (S, K.) A2: See also جِبِلٌّ, in two places: A3: and see جَبْلَةٌ.

جَبَلَةٌ: see جِبِلَّةٌ.

جُبُلٌّ: see what next follows.

جِبِلٌّ and ↓ جُبُلٌّ and ↓ جِبْلٌ [accord. to the CK like عَدْلٌ, but correctly like عِدْلٌ,] and ↓ جُبْلٌ and ↓ جُبُلٌ, (S, K,) accord. to different readings of the instance occurring in the Kur xxxvi. 62, the first being the reading of the people of ElMedeeneh, (S,) [and the most common,] A great company of men; as also ↓ جِبِلَّةٌ and ↓ جَبِيلٌ: (K:) or [simply] a company of men; (S;) as also ↓ جَبُلٌ, accord. to Kh; (Sgh, TA;) and so ↓ جَبْلَةٌ and ↓ جُبْلَةٌ and ↓ جِبِلَّةٌ: which last three signify also the same as أُمَّةٌ [a nation, or people, &c.]: (K:) it is said [by some] that جِبِلٌّ is pl. [or coll. gen. n.] of ↓ جِبِلَّةٌ meaning a numerous company: (TA:) جِبَلَةٌ is pl. of ↓ جِبْلٌ: one says, قَبَحَ اللّٰهُ جِبَلَتَكُمْ [May God remove far from prosperity, or success,] your companies: (Fr, TA:) and جِبَلٌ is pl. of ↓ جِبْلَةٌ. (Bd in xxxvi. 62.) جُبُلَّةٌ Much, or an abundance, or a large quantity or number, or anything; as also ↓ جِبِلَّةٌ. (K.) A2: See also جِبْلَةٌ: A3: and see what next follows, in two places.

جِبِلَّةٌ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ جُبُلَّةٌ and ↓ جَبِيلَةٌ (Sgh, MF) and ↓ جِبْلَةٌ (AA, S, K) and ↓ جُبْلَةٌ and ↓ جَبْلَةٌ and ↓ جَبَلَةٌ, (K,) but this last, accord. to MF, is unknown, (TA,) Nature; or natural, native, innate, or original, constitution, disposition, temper, or other quality or property; idiosyncrasy; syn. خِلْقَةٌ (AA, S, Sgh, Msb, K) and طَبِيعَةٌ (Msb, K) and غَرِيزَةٌ; all these signifying the same: (Msb:) pl. of the first جِبِلَّاتٌ. (S.) Hence, in the Kur [xxvi. 184], وَالجِبِلَّةَ الأَوَّلِينَ, (S,) meaning الخَلِيقَةَ, (Jel,) or ذَوِي الجِبِلَّةِ, i. e. And the preceding created beings: (Bd:) El-Hasan read with damm [i. e. ↓ الجُبُلَّةَ or ↓ الجثبْلَةَ]. (S.) A2: See also جِبِلٌّ, in three places: b2: and see جُبُلَّةٌ.

جَبَلِىٌّ Of, or relating to, a mountain or mountains; contr. of سُهْلِىٌّ. (The Lexicons &c. passim.) جِبِلّىٌّ Natural; i. e. of, or relating to, the natural, native, innate, or original, constitution, disposition, temper, or other quality or property; like طَبِيعِىٌّ; i. e. essential; resulting from the Creator's ordering of the natural disposition in the body. (Msb.) جِبَالٌ (tropical:) The body, with, or without, the members; syn. جَسَدٌ and بَدَنٌ; (K, TA;) as being likened to a mountain in bigness [?]. (TA.) One says, أَحْسَنَ اللّٰهُ جِبَالَهُ, meaning, (tropical:) [May God render beautiful] his body (جَسَدَهُ): and [render good] his created خُلُق [or mind, with its qualities and attributes: but I rather think that خُلُق is here a mistranscription for خَلْق, meaning make]. (Ibn-' Abbád, TA.) جَبِيلٌ: see جِبِلٌّ.

A2: جَبِيلُ الوَجْهِ (tropical:) A man having a bad, or an ugly, face. (K, TA.) [See also جَبْلٌ.]

جَبِيلَةٌ: see جِبِلَّةٌ.

مِجْبَالٌ: see جَبْلٌ, in three places.

مَجْبُولٌ, applied to a man, (assumed tropical:) Great, large, or big, (K, TA,) in make; as though he were a mountain. (TA.)

كشف

1 كَشَفَهُ and كَشَفَ عَنْهُ He uncovered it; unveiled it; laid it open; displayed it; exposed it to view; discovered it; detected it; revealed it; disclosed it. b2: كَشَفَ عَنْهُ He investigated, explored, or scrutinized, it; searched, examined, or inquired, into it. b3: كَشَفَهُ He removed it; namely, a cover, or covering, or the like: and he uncovered it, laid it open, &c.; as also كَشَفَ عَنْهُ. b4: كَشَفَ شَيْأً عَنْ شَىْءٍ He removed, put off, took off, or stripped off, a thing from over, or from before, a thing which it covered or concealed. (K.) b5: كَشَفَ He removed, cleared away, or dispelled, grief, or sorrow: see فَرَجَ (of which it is an explanation in the Msb and K). b6: See 7.3 كَاشَفَهُ

, inf. n. مُكَاشَفَةٌ, [He acted openly with him, or towards him;] syn. of the inf. n. مُجَاهَرَةٌ. (Har, p. 470.) He, or it, appeared to him; as also كَاشَفَ عَلَيْهِ; syn. ظهر له. (TA.) b2: كُوشِفَ بِمَا أَخْفَيْتُ He became acquainted with, knew, or got knowledge of, what I concealed: syn. إِطَّلَعَ عَلَيْهِ. (Har. p. 686.) b3: مُكَاشَفَةٌ The showing open enmity, or hostility, with any one. (KL.) [I. e. كَاشَفَهُ alone, or] كاشفه بِالعَدَاوَةِ signifies He showed open enmity, or hostility, with him; (S, MA, K;) and so كاشفه العَدَاوَةَ. (MA.) See صَفْحَةٌ. b4: [Also Discovery, or revelation: pl. مُكَاشَفَاتٌ: see Hájjee Khaleefeh, s. v.] b5: كَاشَفَهُ الحَرْبَ [He made war with him openly]. (Msb, art. نبذ.) 5 تَكَشَّفَ He uncovered, or exposed, himself in sitting. (TA, voce أَعْفَتُ.) 6 تَكَاشَفُوا They revealed their faults, or secrets, one to another: see تَدَافَنُوا.7 اِنْكَشَفَ عَنْهُ [He, or it, withdrew, or became withdrawn, or removed or became removed, from him, or it, or from over it] b2: اِنْكَشَفَتْ said of a she-camel: see مُفَنَّنٌ. b3: اِنْكَشَفُوا [They were routed, defeated, or put to flight; like ↓ كَشِفُوا: the former is quasi-pass. of كَشَفَ, “ he routed, ”

&c.]. (K, voce جال in art. جول.) See also تِفْرِجَةٌ, in art. فرج.

كَشَّافٌ

: see Ham, p. 49, 1. 2.

مَكْشُوفٌ Uncovered, &c.; overt.

مُكَاشِفٌ [A discoverer, or revealer: thus I have rendered it voce عَيْنٌ.]

قصر

قَصَرَ(n. ac. قُصُوْر)
a. ['An], Fell short of, did not reach; failed to attain, to
accomplish; left, relinquished; desisted, abstained from;
quitted, ceased from.
b. [Bi], Fell short, failed; was cheap.
c. [Fī], Stopped, became remiss in.
d. Ceased, left off.
e.(n. ac. قَصْر), Shortened; cut, clipped; curtailed, contracted;
abridged, abbreviated; narrowed, cramped.
f.(n. ac. قَصْر), Confined, restricted; restrained.
g. [acc. & Fī], Secluded, shut, pent up in.
h. [acc. & 'Ala], Restricted to; confided exclusively to (
affair ).
i. ['Ala], Appropriated, retained for (himself).
j. [acc. & 'An], Withheld, debarred from.
k.(n. ac. قَصْر
قِصَاْرَة), Cleaned, whitened, bleached, fulled (
cloth ).
l. see IV (e)
قَصِرَ(n. ac. قَصَر)
a. Had a stiff neck.

قَصُرَ(n. ac. قَصْر
قِصَر
قِصَاْرَة)
a. Was, became short; was too short.
b. ['An], Was too short for.
c. Was niggardly.

قَصَّرَa. Shortened, curtailed; clipped.
b. see I (a) (c), (k).
e. [Fī], Was slow over, remiss in; failed over.
f. Was stingy over.

قَاْصَرَ
a. [ coll. ], Punished, chastised.

أَقْصَرَa. see I (a) (f).
c. Ceased, left off (rain).
d. Was weak, powerless; was old.
e. Was afternoon, evening; was late; came in the
afternoon, in the evening.
f. Brought forth short children.

تَقَصَّرَa. Became shortened, contracted; shrank.
b. [Bi], Clung, was attached to.
c. see I (d)
تَقَاْصَرَa. Appeared, feigned himself short, small.
b. Became abject, contemptible.
c. see I (a)
& V (a).
إِقْتَصَرَ
a. ['Ala], Limited, restricted himself to.
b. ['Ala
or
Bi], Was satisfied, contented with.
إِسْتَقْصَرَa. Deemed short, too short; considered remiss.

قَصْرa. Shortness, brevity, smallness, littleness.
b. Remissness, negligence, slothfulness;
powerlessness.
c. Restriction.
d. Limit, end; utmost.
e. Afternoon; evening.
f. (pl.
قُصُوْر), Castle, palace; pavilion; fortress; mansion.
g. Fire-wood.

قِصْرَىa. see 4t (c)
قِصْرِيّa. Corn left in the ear ( after threshing ).

قُصْرَةa. see 1 (a) (b).
قُصْرَىa. see 4t (c)b. The shortest rib.
c. (pl.
قُصَر), fem. of
أَقْصَرُ
(a).
قَصَرa. see 1 (b)b. Stiff neck.
c. see 4t (c)
قَصَرَة
(pl.
قَصَر
أَقْصَاْر
38)
a. Base of the neck; nape; neck.
b. Piece, fragment; remains.
c. Husks of corn.

قِصَرa. see 1 (a)
أَقْصَرُ
(pl.
أَقَاْصِرُ)
a. Shorter; shortest.
b. (pl.
قُصْر), One having a stiff neck.
مَقْصَر
(pl.
مَقَاْصِرُ
مَقَاْصِيْرُ)
a. see 1 (e)b. Insufficiency; smaller quantity; less.

مَقْصَرَةa. see 1 (e)
مَقْصِرa. see 1 (e) & 17
(b).
مِقْصَر
مِقْصَرَة
20ta. Stick, staff, beater.

قَاْصِرa. see 25 (a)b. Minor; ward.
c. Cold (water).
قَصَاْرa. see 1 (b) (d).
قِصَاْرa. Shortening, clipping ( of hair ).

قِصَاْرَةa. Cleaning, bleaching, fulling.

قُصَاْرa. see 1 (d)
قُصَاْرَةa. see 4t (c)b. see مَقْصُوْرَة
(a).
قُصَاْرَىa. see 1 (d)
قَصِيْر
(pl.
قِصَاْر قُصَرَآءُ)
a. Short; small; dwarfish; dwarf.
b. Short, contracted; restricted.

قَصِيْرَة
(pl.
قِصَاْر قَصَاْئِرُ
& reg. )
a. fem. of
قَصِيْر
(a), (b).
c. Confined, secluded; kept at home.

قَصُوْرَةa. see 25t (c)b. Nuptial chamber, alcove.

قُصُوْرa. see 1 (b)
قَصَّاْرa. Cleaner, bleacher, fuller.

قَصْرَآءُa. fem. of
أَقْصَرُ
(b).
مَقَاْصِرُ
a. [art.], The close of the evening.
مَقَاْصِيْرُa. see 44
N. P.
قَصڤرَa. Shortened; limited, restricted; restrained.
b. Terminating with a single alif (noun).
c. Cleaned, bleached, whitened, fulled.
d. [ coll. ], Bleached cloth.

N. Ag.
قَصَّرَa. Niggardly, stingy.
b. see 28c. Impotent; incapable.

N. Ac.
قَصَّرَa. Shortening; contraction; curtailment;
abridgment.
b. Incapacity; incompetency; insufficiency;
inadequateness.
c. see 1 (b)
مَقْصُوْرَة (pl.
مَقَاْصِرُ
مَقَاْصِيْرُ)
a. Enclosure: chamber, apartment, sanctuary; cabinet
closet.
b. Chancel ( of a church ).
c. see 25t (c) & 26t
(b) & N. P.
قَصڤرَ
تِقْصَار تِقْصَارَة (pl.
تَقَاْصِيْر)
a. Collar, necklace.

قَوْصَرَّة (pl.
قَوَاصِر)
a. Date-basket.
b. Woman.

قَاصِر الطَّرْف
a. Modest, unpretentious.

قَاسِر اليَد
a. Powerless, impotent.
b. Niggardly.

قَصِيْر النَّسَب
a. One whose father is well-known.

هُوَ مُقَاصِرِي
a. His palace, mansion &c. is opposite mine.

هُوَ إِبْن عَمِّي
قَُصْرَةً
هُوَ إِبْن عَمِّي
قَصِيْرَةً
a. He is my cousin german.

قَُصَارُك أَن تَفْعَل
هٰذَا
قُصَارَاك أَن تَفْعَل
هٰذَا
a. That will be as much as thou canst do.

جَآءَ مُقْصِرًا
a. He came at dusk.
رَضِيَ بِمَقْصَِر مِمَّا كَان
يُحَاوِلُ
a. He was content with less than he was seeking.

لَيْسَ عَنْعُ مِن مَقْصَر
a. It is impossible to keep him off.

قَيْصَر
a. see under
قَيَصَ

قَصْطَل
a. Dust.

قصر
القَصْرُ: المِجْدَلُ. وفلان مُقاصِري: أي قَصْرُه بقبالةِ قَصْري.
والمَقْصًورَةُ - والجميع المَقاصِيرُ -: الدّارُ الواسِعَةُ المُحَصنَةُ الحِيطانِ. وحَيْثُ يَقُومُ الإِمامُ في المَسْجِد. والقَصْرُ: غايَةُ الشَّيْءِ، وهو القَصارُ والقُصَارى.
وهذا قَصْرُه: أي أجَلُهُ ومَوْتُه. وقُصْرَانُكَ أنْ تَهْرَمَ.
واقْتَصِرْ على هذا الأمْرِ: أي أقْنَعْ به. والقُصُرَة والقُصْرَةُ: الأقرَبُ من الرَّجُلَ.
والقَصْرُ: كَفُّكَ نَفْسَكَ عن شَيْءٍ، قَصَرْتُ نَفْسي أقْصُرُها قَصراً.
وقَصَرْتُ اللِّجامَ، وكذلك الصَّلاةَ، قَصْراً، وقَصرْتُها تَقْصِيراً.
والقاصِرُ: كل شَيْءٍ قَصُرَ عنكَ. واقْتَصَرَ فلان على أمري: أي أطاعَني.
وتَقَاصَرَتْ نفسُه ذُلاً. وقَصَرْتُ اللِّقْحَةَ على فلانٍ لِيَشْرَبَ لَبَنَها.
وهو ابنُ عَمّي مَقْصًورةً وقُصْرَةً: أي دِنْيَةً، وكذلك قَصِيرةً وقَصْرَةً.
ورَضِيَ فلانٌ بِمَقْصَرٍ: أي بأرْضٍ دُوْنٍ.
وأقصرَ الرَّجُلُ عن الأمْرِ إقْصاراً: انْتَهى عنه. وقَصرْتُ عن الأمْرِ أقْصُرُ عنه قَصْراً وقُصُوراً.
وقَصَرَ السَّهْمُ عن الهَدَف، والرَّجُلُ عن الغَضَب. وقَصَّرَ رَأيَهُ تَقْصِيراً.
وقَصَرْتُ طَرْفي: إذا لم تَرْفَعْه إلى ما لا يَنْبَغي، ومنه قولُه عزَّ وجلَّ: " قاصرَاتُ الطَّرْفِ ": أي اقْتَصَرْنَ على أزْواجِهنَّ. وقيل: المَقْصُورة المَحْبُوسَةُ في بَيْتها وخدْرِها لا تَخْرُجُ. ومَقْصُوْرَةُ الخَطْوِ: شُبِّهَتْ بالمُقَيَّدِ. والمَقْصُوْرُ: من نَعْتِ الحِجَال.
والقَصَائرُ من النِّساء: التي تُحْجَبُ عن الناس، وامْرَأةٌ قَصُورٌ وقَصِيرةٌ بمعنىً.
والمُقَصرُ: الذي يُخِسُّ العَطِيَّةَ ويُقِلُّ، قَصَّرْتُ بفلانٍ.
والقِصَرُ: نَقِيْض الطُّول، قَصُرَ يَقْصُرُ قِصَراً، وقَصَّرْتُه أنا تَقْصِيراً: إذا جَعَلْتَه كذلك. والقِصارَةُ: القَصِيرةُ؛ نادِرٌ.
والقَصْرُ: قبل اصْفِرارِ الشَّمْس، لأنَّ الإنسانَ يَقْصُر عن قَضَاء حاجَتِه. وآخِرُ النَّهار، ويُقال منه: قَصَرْنا واقْتَصَرْنا، وقَصَرَ العَشِيُّ يَقْصُرُ قُصُوراً وقَصْراً ومَقْصِراً، وقَصَرْنا وأقْصَرْنا: من قَصْرِ العَشِيِّ.
والقَصّارُ: يَقْصُرُ الثَّوْبَ قَصْراً وقِصَارة.
والقُصْرى والقُصَيْرى: الضِّلَع التي تَلي الشاكِلَةَ بين الجَنْبِ والبَطْنِ.
والقُصَيْرى والقُصَيْرَيَاتُ: الأفْعى من الحَياتِ.
والقَصَرَةُ: أصْلُ العنق، والقُصَيْرى أيضاً. وقَصَرَةُ النَّخْل كذلك، وجَمْعُه قَصَرَات.
والاقْتِصارُ: القَبْضُ بالرَّقَبَة. وهو - أيضاً -: داءٌ يأْخُذُ في القَصَرَةِ حتّى يَغْلُظَ من داءٍ، بَعِيرٌ قَصِرٌ وأقْصَرُ، وهو كالكُزَاز.
والتَّقْصيرُ: كَيَّةٌ على كُلِّ دابَّةٍ فَرُبَّما بَرَأ، تقول: قَصَّرْتُ عُنُقَ البَعِيرِ أقَصِّرُها.
والقِصَارُ: مِيْسَمٌ أسْفَلَ العُنُقِ، قَصَرْتُ البَعِيرَ أقْصُرُه فهو مَقْصُور.
والقَصَرُ: كَعابِرُ الزَّرْع الذي يَخْلُصُ من البُرِّ وفيه بَقِيَّةٌ من الحَبِّ.
والقَصَرُ: بَقِيَّةُ الشَّجَرِ. والزًّمِكّى للطائرِ. وقَيْصَرُ: اسْمُ مَلِكٍ رُوْمِيّ.
والقَوْصَرَّةُ: وِعاءٌ من قَصَبِ للتَّمْرِ، وُيخَفَّف.
وتَقَوْصَرَ الرَّجُلُ: إذا تَدَاخَلَ وتَقَاصَرَ.
والقَصَاوِرُ: من أسماء الأسَدِ؛ كالقَسَاوِرِ.
والتِّقْصارُ: القلادة، وكذلك المِقْصَرُ يكونُ من المِسْكِ.
والمِقْصَرَةُ: العِقْدُ الذي يكونُ في العُنُقِ، وجَمْعُها مَقَاصِرُ. وقيل: المَقَاصِرُ السُّتُورُ، والواحدة مَقْصُورَةٌ. وهي الإِكَامُ، الواحد مَقْصِرٌ. ومَخَاصِرُ الطُّرقِ. والغِيْرَانُ.
وشاةٌ مُقْصِرَةٌ وقد أقْصَرَتْ إقْصاراً: وهي التي كُفَّ أطرافُ أسنانِها وقَصُرَتْ وكُفَّتْ ثَنِيتُها.
وأقْصَرَتِ النَعْجَةُ: أسَنَّتْ، فهي مُقْصِر. وقَصَرَه على هذا الأمْرِ: أي قَسَرَه وَقَهَرَه. وقَصَرَ الطَّعامُ قُصُوراً: غَلا وارْتَفَعَ.
وتَقَصرْتُ بِفلانٍ: تعللت به؛ تقصراً. الأقَيْصِرُ: صَنَمٌ.

قصر: قصر: لهذا الفعل معان مختلفة ومن الصعب أن أقرر إن كان من الباب الأول أومن الباب الثاني أو إنه يستعمل في كلا البابين. (معجم البلاذري).
وقارن ما جاء في كتاب الخطيب (ص23 ق) وهو: على قصور في المعارف، ما جاء في طرائف كوسج (ص119) وهو: تقصيرهم في العلوم.
قصر، والمصدر قصر: كان منخفضا غير عال يقال: قصر الجدار، وقصر الباب (أماري ص390، المقري 1: 368) وفي رياض النفوس (ص98 و): فانحنى لقصر الباب. (انظر: قصير).
قصر: ضعف، وهن، وهي. ففي ماري (ص325): قصرت عزائمهم وفتر حربهم.
قصر. وقصر على: حضر، قيد، ولم يتجاوزه. ففي كتاب عبد الواحد (ص200) في كلامه عن مستشفى أنشأه السلطان: ولم يقصره على الفقراء دون الأغنياء بل كل من مرض بمراكش من غريب حمل إليه وعولج إلى أن يستريح أو يموت. وفي المقدمة (2: 45): فقصروا الآلة من الطبول والبنود على السلطان وحظروها على من سواه من عماله، وفيها (1: 20): قصرت عليهم الآمال أي حضرت فيهم الآمال ولم تتجاوزهم. وفي ملر (ص 7): شابلها مقصور على فصل، أي لا يوجد شابلها (وهو سمك يشبه السريدين يتوالد في المياه الحلوة) إلا في فصل واحد من فصول السنة.
قصر ب: نقص، أعوز، عجز. يقال مثلا: قصرت بهم النفقة= عجزت بهم النفقة= عجزوا عن النفقة. (معجم البلاذري).
قصر ب: منع من الشيء عاقه عن المشي وحبسه. يقال مثلا: قصر بهم الليل والبرد والجوع، وقد فسرت بحبسهم عن السير (معجم البلاذري).
قصر: داس، درس، دعس، وطئ برجليه، دعك، والمصدر قصارة. (فوك، ابن العوام 1: 686، 687) وانظر مادة مقصور.
قصر: ماقاله فريتاج في: قصر به القول في، لم يذكر في شرح البيت الخامس والخمسين من معلقة عمرو بن كلثوم الذي نقله، فأحذفهن وانظره في مادة قصر.
قصر (بالتشديد): انظر قصر في البداية.
قصر الشعر: قصة واجتزه. (فوك).
فصر الدركين: سحب عنان الفرس (بوشر) ولم تشدد الصاد في موضع آخر منه.
قصر أيديهم عن الضعفاء إلى الغاية: حبسهم ومنعهم من الإساءة إلى الضعفاء جدا (أبو الفدا تاريخ ما قبل الإسلام ص90). وفي معجم فليشر قصر بلا تشديد، ولا أدري إن كان هذا تصحيحا.
قصر: تأخر، يقال: قصرت الساعة (بوشر) قصر. ضربه وما قصر: ضربه وحسنا فعل (بوشر).
قصر الفرس: كل عن المشي في السفر (محيط المحيط).
قصر. من فصر به عملة: من لم تكفه أعماله الحسنة في الدخول إلى الجنة، من قعد به عمله عن ذلك. غير أن الفعل قصر يستعمل تقريبا في نفس المعنى. (معجم البلاذري) وفي كليلة ودمنة (ص191): وصاحب حسن العمل وإن قصر به القول في مستقبل الأمر كان فضله بينا في العاقبة والاختبار. أي وإن لم يستطع التكهن بالمستقبل متيقنا من ذلك.
قصر به: أهمله، لم يراع حقه. (معجم الطرائف).
قصر به: احتقره، ازدراه، استخف به (فوك) وفي شرح البيت الخامس والخمسين من معلقة عمرو بن كلثوم طبعة كوسجارتن: ازدراه وازدرابه قصر به واحتقره.
قصر بعهده: اخلف الوعد. (بوشر).
قصر عن: لم يدرك الغاية. ففي قلائد العقيان (ص58): وله نظم ونثر ما فصرا عن الغاية. (وقد جاء قصرا في المطبوع من القلائد كما جاء في المخطوطتين رقم (1 ورقم ج).
قصر بفلان عن: حبسه ومنعه عن الغاية.
ففي ابن خلكان 1: 562): قال فما لي لا أذكر مع الفحول قال قصر بك عن غايتهم بكاؤك في الدمن وصفتك للابعار والعطن.
قصر في: ترك، أغفل، أهمل. يقال مثلا: قصر في واجباته، وقصر في الواجب. (فوك).
قصر في حقه: لم يحترمه ولم يراعه، لم يقم بما يجب عليه نحوه. (بوشر). ويقال أيضا:
قصر معه. ففي ألف ليلة (1: 80): ما قصر اليوم معنا. وقد ترجمها لين إلى الإنكليزية بما معناه: لم يكن عاجزا أو مقصرا في خدمته في هذا اليوم.
وفي نفس هذا المعنى: لا قصرت في جواريك هؤلاء (الأغاني ص40) أي لم أتهاون في تلقين جواريك الغناء.
قصر. ما قصر في؛ ما أساء إليه، ما راعاه، ما أشفق عليه. (بوشر).
قاصر: عاقب، قاص، أخذه بذنوبه. (هلو).
تقصر: ديس عليه، وطئ عليه. (فوك).
انقصر: قصر، ضد طال. (بوشر).
اقتصر: قصر، ضد طال. (بوشر).
اقتصر على: اكتفى ب، (بوشر، دي ساسي طرائف 2: 264، عبد الواحد ص61).
استقصره: عده مقصرا فيما يجب عليه. ففي حيان (ص77 ق): وكان أبن حفصون يقوم بغارات مستمرة على إقليم قرطبة وقد انزعج أهل قرطبة من خوفه واستقصروا الأمير عبد الله في الاقصار عنه.
استقصره: لامه على قلة عطائه. ففي الأخبار (ص116): كتب إلى عبد الرحمن -يستقصره فيما يجريه عليه ويسئل له الزيادة.
استقصر على: اقتصر على، اكتفى ب. (أبو الوليد ص635).
قصر: قاعة، ردهة، حجر. (معجم (المعجم الإدريسي) وغرفة، حجرة في الطابق العلوي (همبرت ص 192). والطابق العلوي من المنزل (المعجم اللاتيني- العربي. وفي ترجمة لين ألف ليلة (2: 340 رقم 25) إلى الإنكليزية ما معناه: جناح من مبنى، سرادق، أو مجموعة شقق منفردة أو متصلة مع القسم من البناية في طرف منها. أو غرفة، حجرة في الطابق العلوي تكون في الغالب منفردة أو منفردة تقريبا. (وانظر معجم الإدريسي).
قصر: ثكنة، مركز الجند. (معجم الإدريسي).
قصر: في نجد (ابن جبير ص208) وفي أفريقية: قرية ذات سور. (معجم الإدريسي).
قصر: منع القاصر من التصرف. (بوشر).
قصر الأولاد: قصورهم الشرعي، كونهم غير راشدين. (بوشر).
قصر: قصر، إيجاز. (بوشر).
قصرة، والجمع قصرات وقصر واقصار: عنق. (معجم مسلم، ديوان امرؤ القيس ص30) وقد فسر أحد اللغويين (ص99) قصرات بأصول الأعناق.
قصرين، وقصارين: تبن، قش، موص، (باين سميث 1778).
قصرية، والجمع قصار وعند العامة قصاري نسبة إلى قصر والمصدر قصر بمعنى دعك.
ويراد المنصوري: اجانة اسم للقصعة الكبيرة التي تغسل بها الثياب وتسمى عندنا القصرية، قال ابن السيد هي منسوبة إلى القصر. وفي رحلة ابن جبير (ص110): وعلى جانب الطريق دكان مستطيل تصف عليه كيزان الماء ومراكن مملوءة للوضوء وهي القصارى الصغار.
وقصرية؛ مركن أو سطل السماك الذي يحفظ فيه السمك. ففي حيان -بسام (3: 142 ق): وطافوا بالرأس وقد محا الطين رسمه فغسلوه في قصرية سماك بسوق الحوت.
وقصرية: حوض دباغ الجلود. (بوسييه) وقصيرية: وعاء، إناء، مركن. (المعجم اللاتيني- العربي، فوك) وهي في اللغة القطلانية: تعريب Castillan وعاء من الخزف (ابن العوام 2: 402، أماري ص210 وانظر ملحفه، الجريدة الآسيوية 1849، 2: 266 رقم 1: 2: 272 رقم 1). وفي رياض النفوس (ص18 و)، فإذا رجل أسود ميت على مغسل وإذا بقصرية مملوءة ماء وكساء اسود معلق على وتد. وفي ابن ليون (ص38 ق):
فعفن الخيار في قصرية ... وحكه لغسله في قفة
ويقول فيه في كلامه في حفظ العلات: وما يقل ضعه في قصرية. (ألف ليلة 1: 576).
قصرية: وعاء من غضار تزرع فيه النباتات والرياحين والأزهار، غضارة، أصيص. (ابن العوام 1: 173، 174، 187، 310، 311، 312، 318، 643، 2: 272). وفي مخطوطة الاسكوريال (ص496) يقول: المعمار: كيف انتم مزروعين في قصرية.
قصرية: مبولة، وعاء يوضع في غرفة النوم يبال فيه (بوشر، برجرون، همبرت ص 203) وفي رياض النفوس (ص97 ق): كانت لي امرأة صالحة وكانت أقعدت وامتنعت من الصيام والقيام واحتاجت إلى القصرية. وفي ألف ليلة (2: 118): فقال له واحد منهم هات لي قصرية فاتاه بها فتغوط فيها وقال له ارم الغائط فرماة. وفي محيط المحيط: القصرية عند العامة إناء مستطيل يوضع في خرق من سرير الطفل ليندفع إليه ما يخرج منه من الفضلات.
قصور: نقص، خطأ، ما يفقد الاحترام، يقال صار منه قصور، أي اخطأ. وصار منه قصور في حقه، أي لم يفعل ما يجب عليه نحوه. (بوشر).
قصير. الكرم القصير: ضد الكرم المعرش (ابن العوام 1: 210).
قصير منخفض، غير عال، غير مرتفع. (معجم الطرائف، البكري ص29، الإدريسي ص113، أماري ص385، ابن العوام 2: 389، المقدمة 2: 218، ألف ليلة 2: 564) وانظر عبارة رياض النفوس في مادة نوالة.
قصير: يظهر أن معناها مقصر بمعنى معتوه وابله في كتاب محمد بن الحارث (ص280) ففيه أن القاضي أحمد بن زياد قد أقنعه كاتبه عمرو، الذي كان يرغب أن يحل محله، أن يقدم استقالته إلى السلطان ولو لم يقبلها، ثم: فلما خرج الكتاب من حكمه دخل عليه من خاصته رجل فقال له أنت قصير وكاتبك قصير وأنا قصير فاحذر أن يغلبك ويغلبني كاتبك عمرو، وبعد ذلك (ص281) في رواية تختلف عن هذه بعض الاختلاف: قال له أيها القاضي أن هذا الخارج عنك يعني عمرو قصير وأنا قصير وليس فينا خير.
قصير الباع: غير قادر على شيء، من ليس له قدرة ولا إمكان ولا طاقة. (بوشر).
فرس قصير المحبس (القلائد ص96) بالمعنى التي في المعاجم لفرس قصير.
قصير الرقبة: جاحد، ناكر الجميل، كافر النعمة، كنود. (فوك).
قصير القعر: قليل العمق، ويقال أيضا: قصير فقط بهذا المعنى. (معجم الإدريسي) وعند كاريت (جغرافية ص124): الطويلة والقصيرة: بئران إحداهما عميقة العمق.
قصير (اسم): قاع، منخفض رملي، والجمع قصائر واقصار، وجمع الجمع أقاصير (معجم الإدريسي) وفي ابن البيطار (2: 131) على حجارة اقاصير البحر. وفيه: بل هو شيء يوجد في بحر المشرق وببلاد الروم وباقاصير اسفاقس. وفيه: يرصدها في الاقاصير.
قصير اليد: بخيل، شحيح، وتدل قصير فقط على هذا المعنى أيضا (معجم البلاذري).
قصارة: شحة الماء ونقصه في النهر. وقد أخبرني السيد سيمونيه إنه وجد هذا المعنى في مساحة أرض بلنسية في القرن السادس عشر.
قصارين: انظر قصرين.
قاصر: عند الصرفيين من الأفعال خلاف المتعدي. (محيط المحيط).
القاصر: عند الفقهاء العاجز عن التصرفات الشرعية.
قاصر، والجمع قصر: من لم يبلغ الرشد، (بوشر).
قاصر بالغ: أمر نهائي، أمر ختامي. (الكالا).
القاصر بالغ: بالنتيجة، ختاما. (الكالا).
قاصر: طريق مختصر عرضيا، مقربة. (ابن بطوطة (1: 283).
تقصير: قصور، نقص، خطأ، ما يفقد الاحترام (بوشر).
تقصيرة: هراوة، عصا ضخمة. (بوشر) وفي حكاية باسم الحداد (ص8): فكل من مديده منكم ضربته بهذه التقصيرة كسرت يده، وقام إلى الحائط ونزل من المسمار تقصيره بتجي ذراع ونصف وحطها تحت يده (بتجي عامية تجي فأهل الشام ومصر يضيفون ب إلى الفعل المضارع). وفيه: أن ضرب أحد منا ضربه بهذه التقصيرة قتله.
مقصر: مدعكة، معمل يدعك فيه الجوخ والجلد، معمل اللباد. (ملر ص5).
مقصر: البطيء والمتأخر من الجند، وهي من مصطلح الجندية. (بوشر).
مقصر: معتوه، ابله. (جوليوس، ألف ليلة 1: 8).
مقصرة: معمل اللباد، مدعكة (بوشر).
مقصور: نسيج من الكتان مبيض (بوشر) وهو ضد النسيج الخام غير المبيض. وفي محيط المحيط: والمقصور أيضا عند العامة نسيج ابيض رقيق من القطن. ولذلك أرى أن تترجم عبارة مائة عمامة مقصورة التي ذكرت في الحلل السندسية (ص9 ق) بمائة عمامة مبيضة.
مقصور فرنجي: كريتون، قماش قطني متين مطبع وهو نوع من القماش. (بوشر).
مقصورة. مقصورة: خاصة. (ديوان الهذليين ص52، البيت السادس).
مقصورة، والجمع مقاصر أيضا. (فوك، عباد 1: 65، القلائد ص54، ملر ص18 مخطوطة 1) وقد وردت هذه الكلمة في بيت من الشعر في مخطوطة 1 وقد نشره ويجرز (ص22) كما وردت في مادة غرابة من قبل.
مقصورة: قصر. ففي عباد (1: 65).
هاتيك قينته وذلك قصره ... من بعد أي مقاصر وقيان
وفي قلائد العقيان (ص 54): وحين وصل المعتصم إلى بج آوى منها إلى جنات ومقاصر.
مقصورة: حجرة (فريتاج، كليلة ودمنة ص27، ص29) وبخاصة حجرة في حرم النساء. (فريتاج طرائف ص49، المقري 1: 225، ملر ص18).
مقصورة: حجيرة مستقلة (همبرت ص192، شيرب ديال ص75) وحجرة جانبية منفصلة (ميشيل ص97، ص144، ص229) وفي محيط المحيط: وعند المولدين هي حجرة صغيرة مرتفعة.
مقصورة: في المساجد: حجرة محاطة بسياج هي مكان الأمير حين يؤم الناس في الصلاة. وهي في الموضع الذي يجلس فيه جماعة المرتلين (الخورس) في كنائسنا. وتوجد أيضا كلمة قورة وقد فسرت بمقصورة المحراب (سيمونيه ص354) وأول من أنشأ المقصورة معاوية فيما يقال على إثر محاولة الخارجي اغتياله في المسجد بضربة بالسيف. (المقدمة 2: 62 مع تعليقه السيد دي سلان، مملوك 1، 1: 164، 2، 1: 283، لين عادات 1: 116، فوك).
وتوجد في المساجد الكبيرة أحيانا عدد من المقصورات، ففي جامع دمشق ثلاث مقصورات، يجتمع في إحداها السادة الحنفية للتدريس (مملوك 2، 1: 283)، وأن في جامع قرطبة مقصورات للنساء. (المقري 1: 360، 361).
مقصورة، خزانة الدولة، بيت المال، خزانة تحفظ فيها واردات الدولة. ففي بدرون (ص210): ودخل دمشق وكسر باب المقصورة وأخذ الأموال.
مقصورة: جوسق (في يستان). (دي ساسي طرائف 1: 13).
مقصورة: مسجد فيه ضريح. (ألف ليلة 1: 338).
مقصورة: بيت الحمام، قفص الحمام، وكوة غير نافذة يلجأ إليها الحمام (مملوك 1، 1: 164).
مقصورة للكلاب: وجار الكلاب، مرقد الكلاب. (ألف ليلة 2: 178).
مقصورة: درابزين. ففي المقري (1: 371): حظرت حول المنبر مقصورة عجيبة الصنعة.
مقصورة: درابزين من الخشب أو من البرونز يحيط بقبر تذكاري لولي من الأولياء: (لين عادات 1: 359، 2: 242، 235، برتون 1: 302).
مقصورة: سلسلة. (فوك).
مقاصري أو مقاصري: وصف يوصف به خشب الصندل الأبيض، أو الصندل الليموني اللون وهو أصهب اللون. (الكالا) وفيه صندل مقاصري أي صندل ابيض. وعند ابن وافد (ص19 ق) وفي منهاج الدكان (مخطوطة رقم 1532) في مادة جوارشن صندل: صفحة صندل مقاصري، وفي رحلة ابن بطوطة (4: 149): صفحة صغيرة فيها الصندل المقاصري. وعند ابن الجوزي (ص143 و): الصندل جيده المقاصري الأبيض، وفي رحلة ابن بطوطة (3: 250): منبر من الصندل الأبيض المقاصري.
وعند شكوري (ص211 و، ص214 و): صندل أصفر مقاصري.
وكان دودنيس يعرف هذه الكلمة لأنه في كلامه عن خشب الصندل يقول (1548): (الصنف الأصفر الباهت منه ويسمى في الصيدليات: Santalum citrinum.
وباللاتينية: santalum pallidum أو santalum odoratum وبعضهم يطلق عليه الوصف العربي مها سري، ومشازري، ومكاسري، أو مزفراني، وهذه الأخيرة هي مزغفراني أما كلمة مقاصري فقد ذكرها النويري (مخطوطة رقم 273 ص796) فقال: (يوجد عدة أصناف من الصندل أجوده الصندل الأصفر كأنه مصبوغ بالزعفران ورائحته عطرية ويسمى المقاصيري) ولم تتفق الآراء حول أصل هذه الكلمة، فبعضهم يقول إنها نسبة إلى بلد يسمى مقاصير، وبعضهم يزعم إن أحد الخلفاء العباسيين صنع من هذا الخشب مقاصير لزوجاته ومحضياته الأثيرات لديه ولذلك أطلق هذا الوصف على الصندل فقيل صندل مقاصيري.
والرأي الأول هو الأفضل لأنهم كانوا يجلبون هذا الخشب من بلدين في أقاصي الهند أحدهما اسمه مقاصير والآخر الجور، ومن هذا قيل لهذين الصنفين من الصندل المقاصيري والجوري وهذا الأخير هو الأبيض. ومن سفالة يجلب هذان الصنفان من الصندل. وكان العرب يجلبون هذا الخشب من أفريقية (انظر كرونتيز المجلد 136 ص95) وفي النص الذي لدينا يراد بها سفالة الهند كما يقول ابن البيطار (2: 224).
اقتصار. اختصار وبالاقتصار: بالاختصار، اختصارا، إيجازا (بوشر).
اقتصار في حروف الأسماء والألقاب: اختصار حروف الأسماء والألقاب وحذف بعضها. (بوشر).
مقتصر: مختصر، موجز، وجيز، (بوشر).
برهان مقتصر: قياس إضماري، قياس صوري، قياس بمقدمة واحدة، قياس مؤلف من مقدمة ونتيجة. (بوشر).
مقتصر: مجمل، خلاصة، ملخص. (بوشر).

قصر

1 قَصُرَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. قِصَرٌ (S, M, Msb, K, &c.) and قَصْرٌ (IAar, M, K) and قَصَارَةٌ, (Lh, M, K,) It (a thing, S, Msb, i. e. anything, M) was, or became, short; contr. of طَالَ. (S, M, Msb, K.) b2: [And It was, or became, too short. and قَصُرَ عَنْهُ It was, or became, too short for him, or it. b3: Hence, قَصُرَتْ يَدُهُ, and قَصُرَ بَاعُهُ, (tropical:) He had little, or no, power: and he was, or became, niggardly.]

A2: And قَصَرَ السَّهْمُ عَنِ الهَدَفِ, (S, M, Msb,) aor. ـُ (Msb,) inf. n. قُصُورٌ, (M, Msb,) The arrow fell short of the butt; did not reach it; (S, Msb;) fell upon the ground without reaching the butt: (M:) and قَصَرَ عَنْ مَنْزِلِهِ [he fell short of his place of alighting or abode; did not reach it]. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] قَصَرَ عَنِ الأَمْرِ, (S, Msb, K,) [and قَصَرَ دُونَهُ,] aor. ـُ (Msb, TA,) inf. n. قُصُورٌ; (S, Msb, K;) and ↓ اقصر, (K,) inf. n. إِقَصَارٌ; (TA;) and ↓ قصّر, (K,) inf. n. تَقْصِيرٌ; (TA;) and ↓ تقاصر; (K;) [He fell, or stopped, or came, short of doing the thing, or affair; he failed of doing, or accomplishing, it;] he lacked power, or ability, to do, or accomplish, the thing, or affair; (S, Msb, K;) he could not attain to it: (S:) or the first has this signification; (ISk, S, Msb;) and [in like manner] عَنْهُ ↓ قصّر, (M, K,) inf. n. تَقْصِيرٌ, (TA,) he left or relinquished it, or abstained from it, being unable to do or accomplish it: (M, K:) but عَنْهُ ↓ اقصر, he desisted or abstained from it, being able to do or accomplish it: (ISk, S, M, Msb:) such, at least, is generally the case, though both sometimes occur in one and the same sense, that which اقصر عنه generally bears: (TA:) and فِى الأَمْرِ ↓ قصّر [he fell, or stopped, or came, short in the affair: it signifies nearly the same as اقصر عنه, i. e., he fell short of accomplishing the affair; he fell short of doing what was requisite, or due, or what he ought to have done, (عَمَّا كَانَ يَنْبَغِى, or the like, being understood,) in, or with respect to, the affair: a meaning very common, and implied, though not expressed, in the M: and] he flagged, or was remiss, in the affair; syn. تَوَانَى: (S, TA:) or ↓ قصّر signifies he left, desisted from, neglected, or left undone, a thing, or part thereof, from inability: but ↓ اقصر, he left it, &c., or part thereof, with ability to do it. (Kull p. 128.) [And ↓ قصّر دُونَهُ He fell short of reaching, or attaining, it: see an ex. voce يَعْقُوبٌ.] [Hence also,] قَصَرَتْ بِنَا النَّفَقَةُ The money for expenses [fell short of what we required;] did not enable us to attain our object; (Msb;) meaning, that they were unable to pay the expenses: (Mgh:) and بِهِ ↓ قَصَّرَ

أَمَلُهُ [his hope fell short of what he required]: 'Antarah says, فَالْيَوْمَ قَصَّرَ عَنْ تِلْقَائِكَ الأَمَلُ [but to-day, hope hath fallen short of extending to the meeting with thee]. (TA.) [And hence, app.,] بِكَذَا نَفْسُكَ ↓ قَصَّرَتْ [Thy mind, or wish, fell short of what was requisite with respect to such a thing], said to him who has sought, or desired, little, and a mean share or lot. (TA.) And, بِفُلَانٍ ↓ قَصَّرَ [He fell short of what was required by such a one, or due to him; or] he acted meanly, and sparingly, with such a one, in a gift. [&c.] (JK [see مُقَصِّرٌ: and see two exs. of قَصَّرَ بِهِ voce أَزْرَى in art. زرى.] b3: [Also, قَصَرَ عَنِ الأَمْرِ, (M, K,) aor. ـُ (M,) inf. n. قُصُورٌ; and ↓ اقصر; and ↓ قصّر and ↓ تقاصر; (M, K;) He refrained, abstained, or desisted, from the thing, or affair. (M, K.) A poet says, إِذَا غَمَّ خِرْشَآءُ الثُّمَالَةِ أَنْفَهُ مِنْهَا لِلصَّرِيحِ فَأَقْنَعَا ↓ تَقَاصَرَ [When the froth of the water remaining in the drinking-trough covers his nose, he refrains from it, turning to the clear, and raises his head]: or منها ↓ تقاصر here signifies he contracts his neck from it: and it is said that عنه ↓ قصّر signifies as explained above, he left or relinquished it, &c. (M.) قَصَرَ عَنِّى الوَجَعُ, and الغَضَبُ, (M, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. قُصُورٌ, (M,) The pain, and anger, ceased from me; quitted me; (M, K;) as also قَصِرَ; (M, TA;) which latter is erroneously written in the copies of the K, قَصَّرَ: (TA:) and قَصَرْتُ أَنَا عَنْهُ [I ceased from it]. (M.) and الْمَطَرُ ↓ أَقْصَرَ The rain left off. (TA.) A3: قَدْ قَصَرَ العَشِىُّ, aor. ـُ inf. n. قُصُورٌ, [The afternoon, or evening, has come,] is said when you enter upon the مَسَآء [i. e. afternoon, or evening]: (S:) or it means has almost drawn near to night. (TA.) [See also قَصْرٌ, below.] b2: Hence, (S,) قَصَرْنَا and ↓ أَقْصَرْنَا We entered upon the عَشِىّ [i. e. afternoon, or evening]; (M, K;) the former signifies أَمْسَيْنَا; and the latter, دَخَلْنَا فِى قَصْرِ العَشِىِّ, like as you say أَمْسَيْنَا from المَسَآءُ: (S:) or the former, we came to be in the last part of the day; and the latter, we entered upon the last part of the day. (IKtt.) A4: قَصَرَهُ, (Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (Msb,) or ـِ (K,) inf. n. قَصْرٌ; (TA;) and ↓ قصّرهُ, (M, Msb, TA;) inf. n. تَقْصِيرٌ; (TA;) and ↓ اقصرهُ; (Msb;) He made it short; (M, K, TA;) he shortened it; took from its length. (Msb.) You say قَصَرَ الشَّعَرَ, (M, Msb, K,) and قَصَرَ مِنَ الشَّعَرِ, (S,) aor. ـُ (Msb,) or ـِ (K;) and ↓ قصّره, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) and مِنْهُ ↓ قصّر; (S;) and ↓ اقصرهُ; (Msb;) He shortened the hair; (M, K, * TA;) took from its length; (Msb;) cut its ends; (Mgh;) clipped, or shore, it. (TA.) And قَصَرَ الصَّلَاةَ, (M, Msb, TA,) and قَصَرَ مِنَ الصَّلَاةِ, (S, M, Msb,) aor. ـُ inf. n. قَصْرٌ; (S, M, Msb, TA;) and ↓ قصّرها, (M, Msb, TA,) and ↓ قصّر منها, (S, M,) inf. n. تَقْصِيرٌ; (S;) and ↓ اقصرها, (Msb, TA,) and ↓ اقصر منها; (S;) but اقصرها is extr.; (TA;) He curtailed [or contracted] the prayer; (M;) he performed a prayer of four rek'ahs (رَكَعَات) making it of two; (Mgh;) in a journey. (Mgh, TA.) and الخُطْبَةَ ↓ اقصر He made the [form of words called] خطبة [delivered from the pulpit] short, or concise: (Mgh, TA: *) the doing so being commanded. (Mgh.) قَصْرٌ also signifies the contr. of مَدٌّ; (M, K;) and the verb is قَصَرَ [He contracted, or straitened]. (M.) You say قَصَرْتُ قَيْدَ البَعِيرِ; (Msb;) and قَصَرْتُ لَهُ مِنْ قَيْدِهِ; (M;) aor. ـُ inf. n. قَصْرٌ; (M, Msb;) I contracted the shackles of the camel; syn. صَيَّقُتُهُ; (Msb;) and I contracted his shackles; syn. قَارَبْتُ. (M.) [And in like manner, العَطِيَّةَ ↓ قَصَّرَ, inf. n. تَقْصِيرٌ, He made the gift scanty, or mean: or, accord. to the TK, قصّر فِى العَطِيَّةِ, which properly signifies he fell short of what he ought to have done with respect to the gift: but, though each of these phrases is doubtless correct, the former expression I hold to be that which is indicated when it is said that] التَّقْصِيرُ signifies إِخْسَاسُ العَطِيَّةِ. (M, K.) A5: قَصَرَهُ, (S, M, Msb,) aor. ـُ (S, M,) inf. n. قَصْرٌ, (S, M, Msb, K,) He confined, restricted, limited, kept within certain bounds or limits, restrained, withheld, hindered or prevented, him, or it; syn. حَبَسَهُ. (S, M, Msb, K. *) It is said in a trad. of Mo'ádh, لَهُ مَا قَصَرَ فِى بَيْتِهِ To him belongeth what he hath held confined in, or kept within, his house or tent: (TA:) or what he hath held in possession &c. (Az, TA in art. خمر: see 10 in that art.) Yousay also قَصَرْتُ الدَّارَ, inf. n. as above, I [confined and so] defended the house by walls. (TA.) and قَصَرَ الجَارِيَةَ بِالْحِجَابِ He [confined and so] kept safe the girl by means of the veil, or covering, or the like: and in like manner you say of a horse. (TA.) And in a trad. of 'Omar it is said, قَصَرَ بِهِمُ اللَّيْلُ, (TA,) or ↓ قَصَّرَ, (L,) The night withheld them; namely a company of riders upon camels on other beasts. (L, TA.) You also say قَصَرَ الرَّجُلَ عَنِ الأَمْرِ [and قَصَرَ بِهِ and به ↓ قصّر] He withheld the man from the thing, or affair, that he desired to do. (TA.) [See an ex. in a verse cited voce طَلَّاع.] And قَصَرْتُ نَفَسِى عَنْ شَىْءٍ I withheld, or restrained, myself from a thing: (JK, TA: *) and I restrained myself from inordinate desire of a thing. (TA.) Lebeed says فَلَسْتُ وَإِنْ أَقْصَرْتُ عَنْهُ بِمُقْصِرِ meaning, But although thou blame in order that I may be restrained, I do not refrain from that which I desire to do. (El-Mázinee, L.) Also, قَصَرْتُ طَرْفِى [I restrained my eye, or eyes;] I did not raise my eye, or eyes, towards that at which I ought not to look. (TA.) And قَصَرَ البَصَرَ He turned away the eye. (TA.) It is also said in a trad. of I'Ab, قُصِرَ الرِّجَالُ عَلَى أَرْبَعٍ مِنْ أَجْلِ

أَمْوَالِ اليَتَامَى Men were restricted to marrying no more than four [because of the property of the orphans which they might leave]. (TA.) and one says قَصَرْتُ نَفْسِى عَلَى الشَّىْءِ I confined, or restricted, myself to the thing, and obliged myself to do it. (TA.) [See also 8.] Hence what is said of Thumámeh, in a trad., فأَبَى أَنْ يُسْلِمَ قَصْرًا But he refused to become a Muslim by constraint and compulsion: or by force, as some say, from القَسُرُ; the س being changed into ص, as is done in many other cases. (TA.) You say also قَصَرْتُ الشَّىْءَ عَلَى كَذَا I restricted the thing to such a thing. (S, TA.) And قَصَرَهُ عَلَى الأَمْرِ, meaning, رَدَّهُ إِلَيْهِ, (M, K,) i. e., [He reduced him, to the thing, or affair; or] he appropriated him [or it, restrictively,] to the thing, or affair. (TK.) [Hence,] قَصَرْتُ اللِّقْحَةَ عَلَى فَرَسِى I appropriated the milk of the milch-camel [restrictively] to my horse. (S, TA.) [And hence,] قَصَرْتُ عَلَى نَفْسِى نَاقَةً I retained for myself [restrictively] a she-camel, that I might drink her milk. (Msb.) Aboo-Du-ád says, describing a horse, فَقُصِرْنَ الشِّتَآءَ بَعْدُ عَلَيْهِ وَهُوَ لِلذَّوْدِ أَنْ يُقَسَّمْنَ جَارٌ meaning, So they were restricted to him, that he might drink their milk, during the severity of the winter, afterwards; and he is a protector to the few she-camels from their being suddenly attacked and divided in shares; مِنْ being understood before أَنْ. (M.) A6: قَصَرَ الثَّوْبَ, (S, M, Msb,) aor. ـُ (S,) inf. n. قَصْرٌ (S, Mgh, Msb) and قِصَارَةٌ; (Sb, M, TA;) and ↓ قصّرهُ, (S, M,) inf. n. تَقْصِيرٌ; (S;) He beat, (S, TA,) washed, (Mgh,) and whitened, (M, Msb, TA,) the cloth, or garment. (S, M, &c.) 2 قَصَّرَ see 1, throughout.4 أَقْصَرَ see 1, throughout.

A2: أَقْصَرَتْ She brought forth short children: hence the saying, إِنَّ الطَّوِيلَةَ قَدْ تُقْصِرُ وَإِنَّ القَصِيرَةَ قَدْ تُطِيلُ [Verily the tall woman sometimes brings forth short children, and verily the short woman sometimes brings forth tall children]. (S, K. *) J is in error in saying that this is in a trad. (Sgh, K.) But IAth also asserts it to be a trad. (MF in art. طول.) 6 تقاصر He feigned, or pretended, (أَظْهَرَ,) shortness; (M, Sgh, K;) as also ↓ تَقَوْصَرَ: (Sgh, K:) or, accord. to some, these two verbs have different significations: see the latter below. (TA.) b2: [And He contracted himself, or drew himself together. (See R. Q. 1 in art. فذ.)] b3: تقاصرت نَفْسُهُ (assumed tropical:) He (lit. his spirit, or soul,) became abject, mean, contemptible, or despicable; syn. تَضَآءَلَتْ. (M.) b4: تقاصر الظِّلُّ (tropical:) The shade became contracted. (M, TA.) b5: See also 1, in two places.8 اقتصر عَلَى الأَمْرِ He confined, restricted, or limited, himself to the thing, or affair; did not exceed it. (M, K. *) b2: اقتصر عَلَى الشَّىْءِ, (S,) or على كَذَا, (Msb,) [and بِكَذَا,] He was satisfied, or content, (S, Msb,) with the thing, (S,) or with such a thing. (Msb.) b3: اقتصر عَلَى أَمْرِى He obeyed my command. (JK.) 10 استقصرهُ He reckoned, or held, him, or it, to be short. (S.) b2: He reckoned him, or held him, to fall short of doing what he ought to do: or to flagg, or be remiss: عَدَّهُ مُقَصِّرًا. (S.) Q. Q. 2 تَقَوْصَرَ, said of a man, (M,) He became contracted; lit., one part of him entered into another part; (M, K;) as though he became like a قَوْصَرَّة, from which word the verb is derived. (Z, TA.) b2: See also 6.

قَصْرٌ and ↓ قَصَرٌ and ↓ قُصْرَةٌ [like the inf. n. قُصُورٌ] The falling, or stopping, or coming, short of accomplishing an affair; or of doing what one ought, or is commanded, to do; or flagging, or remissness: you say to a man whom you have sent to accomplish some needful affair, and who has fallen short of doing what you commanded him to do, on account of heat or some other cause, مَا مَنَعَكَ أَنْ تَبْلُغَ المَكَانَ الَّذِى أَمَرْتُكَ بِهِ إِلَّا

أَنَّكَ أَحْبَبْتَ القَصْرَ, and القَصَرَ, and القُصْرَةَ, i. e. أَنْ تُقَصِّرَ [Nothing prevented thy reaching the place to which I commanded thee to go but thy loving to fall short &c.; or to flag, or be remiss]. (M, K *.) And ↓ قَصَرَةٌ, (K,) or ↓ قَصَرٌ, without ة, accord. to the Nawádir of IAar, as cited in the L, and so in the handwriting of Sgh, (TA,) and ↓ قَصَارٌ, (K,) signify Laziness; slothfulness. (IAar, Sgh, K.) An Arab of the desert is related to have said ↓ أَرَدْتُ أَنْ آتِيَكَ فَمَنَعَنِى القَصَارُ [I desired to come to thee, but laziness prevented me]. (TA.) A2: قَصْرُكَ أَنْ تَفْعَلَ كَذَا and ↓ قَصَارُكَ, (S, M, K,) and ↓ قُصَارُكَ, (M, K,) and ↓ قُصَارَاكَ, (S, M, K,) and ↓ قُصَيْرَاكَ, (M, K,) Thine utmost, or the utmost of thy power or of thine ability or of thy deed, (جُهْدُكَ, M, K, [or app., جَهْدُكَ, (see art. جهد,)] and غَايَتُكَ, S, M, K,) and the end of thy case, and that to which thou hast confined or restricted or limited thyself, (S, TA,) [or that to which thou art confined or restricted or limited,] is, or will be, thy doing such a thing. (S, M, K.) It is from قَصْرٌ signifying the “ act of confining, restricting, limiting,” &c. (TA.) And ↓ قُصْرَى also signifies the end of an affair. (Sgh, TA.) A poet says إِنَّمَا أَنْفُسُنَا عَارِيَّةٌ وَالْعَوَارِىُّ قَصَارٌ أَنْ تُرَدْ [Our souls are only a loan: and the end of loans is their being given back; تُرَدْ being for تُرَدَّ]. (S, TA.) You also say, كُلِّ بَلَآءٍ وَشِدَّةٍ ↓ المَوْتُ قُصَارِى

[Death is the end of every trial and distress]. (TA, art. حمأ.) A3: قَصْرٌ (S, M) and ↓ مَقْصَرٌ (K) and ↓ مَقْصَرَةٌ and ↓ مَقْصِرٌ (M, K) The afternoon: or evening: syn. عَشِىٌّ: (S, M, K:) or the first signifies the last part of the day: (IKtt:) or the time before the sun becomes yellow: (JK:) or the first and second signify the time of the approach of the عَشِىّ, a little before the عَصْر: (A, TA:) and the first (S, K) and second (A'Obeyd, TA) and third, (A'Obeyd, S, TA,) [the time of] the mixing of the darkness: (A'Obeyd, S, K, TA:) pl. of the second (TA) and third (S, M) and fourth, (M,) مَقَاصِرُ (S, M) and مَقَاصِيرُ, which latter is extr.; (M;) in the first sense, as signifying عَشَايَا; (M;) or in the last sense; (S;) not signifying, as it is said to do in the K, العِشَآءُ الآخِرَةُ; for this is a great mistake, app. occasioned by F's seeing the passage [in the T] of Az, [or in the M, in which I find it,] وَالمَقَاصِرُ وَالمَقَاصِيرُ العَشَايَا الأَخِيرَةُ نَادِرَةٌ, and not properly considering it. (TA.) Sb says, that قَصْرٌ has no dim.; the Arabs being content to use in its stead the dim. of مَسَآءٌ. (M.) You say أَتَيْتُهُ قَصْرًا I came to him in the afternoon, or evening; syn. عَشِيًّا. (S.) And جِئْتُ قَصْرًا, and ↓ مَقْصَرًا, I came at the approach of the عَشِىّ, a little before the عَصْر. (A, TA.) And العِشَآءِ ↓ أَقْبَلَتْ مَقَاصِيرُ [The times of the mixing of the darkness of nightfall came, or advanced]. (A, TA.) A4: قَصْرٌ [A palace: a pavilion, or kind of building wholly or for the most part isolated, sometimes on the top of a larger building, i. e., a belvedere, and sometimes projecting from a larger building, and generally consisting of one room if forming a part of a larger building or connected with another building; the same as the Turkish كوشك: to such buildings we find the appellation to have been applied from very early times to the present day:] a well-known kind of edifice: (M:) a mansion, or house; syn. مَنْزِلٌ: (Lh, M, K:) or any house or chamber (بَيْت) of stone; (M, K;) of the dial. of Kureysh: (M:) so called because a man's wives and the like are confined in it: (M:) pl. قُصُورٌ. (S, M, Msb.) قَصْرُ الْمَلِكِ [The palace, or pavilion, of the king]. (Msb.) A5: Also قَصْرٌ Large and dry, or large and thick, or dry, fire-wood; حَطَبٌ جَزْلٌ. (M, K.) So in the Kur, lxxvii. 32, accord. to El-Hasan, as related by Lh. (M.) قَصَرٌ: see قَصْرٌ, in two places.

A2: The necks of men, and of camels: (M, K:) a pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.], of which the sing. [or n. un.] is قَصَرَةٌ: (M:) [see an ex. in the first paragraph of art. سندر:] or [so accord. to the M, but in the K and] ↓ قَصَرَةٌ signifies the base of the neck; (S, M, K;) the base of the neck at the place where it is set upon the upper part of the back: (Nuseyr, TA:) or the base of the neck when thick; not otherwise: (Lh, M:) pl. [or coll. gen. n.] قَصَرٌ, and pl. pl. [or pl. of قَصَرٌ] أَقْصَارٌ: (M:) or this latter is pl. of قَصَرَةٌ, (M, K,) accord. to Kr, but this is extr., unless the augmentative letter in the sing. be disregarded in its formation. (M.) I'Ab reads كَالْقَصَرِ, in the Kur, lxxvii. 32, (S, M, * TA,) and explains it as meaning Like the thick bases of necks, (M, * TA,) or as meaning كَقَصَرِ النَّخْلِ, i. e. الأَعْنَاق. (S.) [See the next signification.] You say ذَلَّتْ قَصَرَتُهُ [His neck or] the base of his neck became in a state of subjection. (TA.) And إِنَّهُ لَنَامُّ القَصَرَةِ Verily he has a large, or thick, neck. (Aboo-Mo'ádh the Grammarian.) b2: And hence, (Aboo-Mo'ádh,) (tropical:) The trunks, or lower-parts, (أُصُول, M, K, or أَعْنَاق, I'Ab, S,) of palm-trees: (S, M, K:) so explained in the Kur, ubi supra, (S, M,) by I'Ab: (S:) sing. [or n. un.] ↓ قَصَرَةٌ: the palm-tree is cut into pieces of the length of a cubit, to make fires therewith in the winter: (Aboo-Mo'ádh:) and [in the TA or] so of other trees: (M, K:) or of large trees: (Ed-Dahhák:) or [accord. to the M, but in the K and] the remains of trees. (M, K.) قَصْرَةٌ: see قُصْرَةٌ.

قُصْرَةٌ: see قَصْرٌ.

A2: هُوَ ابْنُ عَمِّهِ قُصْرَةً, (S, M, K,) and ↓ قَصْرَةً, (K,) and ↓ مَقْصُورَةً, (S, M, K,) and ↓ قَصِيرَةً, (K,) [He is his cousin on the father's side,] nearly related; (S, M, K;) i. q. دِنْيًا (S, TA) and دُنْيًا: (TA:) and in like manner you say of the ابن العَمَّة and ابن الخَالَة and ابن الخَال. (Lh, M.) قُصْرَى: see قَصْرٌ.

A2: القُصْرَى (Az, S) and ↓ القُصَيْرَى (A'Obeyd, Az, S) The rib that is next to the شَاكِلَة [or flank], (A'Obeyd, Az, S,) also called الوَاهِنَةُ, (S,) and ضِلَعُ الخِلْفِ, (A'Obeyd,) at the bottom of the ribs, (S,) between the side and the belly: (Az:) or the former is the lowest of the ribs, and the latter is the highest of the ribs: (AHeyth:) or the latter is the lowest of the ribs: or the last rib in the side: or the قُصْرَيَانِ and ↓ قُصَيْرَيَانِ are the two ribs that are next to the طَفْطَفَة [or flank]: or that are next to the two collar-bones. (M, K.) قَصَرَةٌ: see قَصْرٌ: A2: and قَصَرٌ, in two places: A3: and مِقْصَرَةٌ.

قَصَارٌ: and قَصَارُكَ and قُصَارُكَ: see قَصْرٌ.

قِصَارٌ, a subst., The shortening [or clipping] of the hair. (Th, M, K. *) Fr says, An Arab of the desert said to me in Minè, القِصَارُ أَحَبُّ إِلَيْكَ

أَمِ الحَلْقُ, meaning, Is the shortening [or clipping] more pleasing to thee, or the shaving of the head? (M.) قَصِيرٌ Short; and low, i. e. having little height; contr. of طَوِيلٌ; (S, M, Msb, K;) and so ↓ قَاصِرٌ, app. a kind of rel. or possessive n., not a verbal epithet: (M:) fem. of the former [and of the latter] with ة: (M, K:) pl. of the former, masc., (S, M, Msb, K,) and fem., (M, K,) قِصَارٌ, (S, M, &c.,) and pl. masc. [applied to rational beings,] قُصَرَآءُ, (M, K,) and pl. fem. قِصَارَةٌ; (K;) ة being added by the Arabs to any pl. of the measure فِعَالٌ, as in جِمَالَةٌ and حِبَالَةٌ and ذِكَارَةٌ and حِجَارَةٌ; (Fr;) or قِصَارَةٌ is syn. with قَصِيرَةٌ, and is extr. (Sgh, K.) b2: قَصِيرَةٌ مِنْ طَوِيلَةٍ

[lit. A short thing from a tall thing; meaning,] a date from a palm-tree: a proverb; alluding to the abridgment of speech or language. (K.) b3: هُوَ قَصِيرُ اليَدِ, [and البَاعٍ, (tropical:) He has little, or no, power: or is niggardly:] and لَهُمْ أَيْدٍ قِصَارٌ [they have little, or no, power: or are niggardly]. (TA.) b4: قَصِيرُ الهِمَّةِ [Having little ambition]. (O in art. بجل.) b5: إِنَّهُ لَقَصِيرُ العِلْمِ (tropical:) [Verily he has little knowledge]. (M.) b6: قَصِيرُ النَّسَبِ [Having a short pedigree;] whose father is well known, so that when the son mentions him it is sufficient for him, without his extending his lineage to his grandfather. (K.) [See also a verse below, in this paragraph.] b7: حَدِيثٌ قَصِيرٌ, and ↓ مُقْتَصَرٌ, A [concise, or] comprehensive, and profitable, story, or narration. (TA.) A2: [I. q.

↓ مَقْصُورٌ and ↓ مَقْصُورَةٌ, Shortened; contracted: and confined; restricted; limited; &c.] b2: إِمْرَأَةٌ قَصِيرُ الخُطَى, and الخَطْوِ ↓ مَقْصُورَةُ, [A woman whose steps are shortened, or contracted;] likened to one who is shackled, whose steps are shortened, or contracted, by the shackles. (Fr.) b3: فَرَسٌ قَصِيرٌ A mare that is brought near [to the tent or dwelling], and treated generously, and not left to seek for pasture, because she is precious: (S, K:) and a mare that is kept confined. (TA.) b4: قَصِيرَةٌ, [which is extr., for by rule it should be without ة,] and ↓ قَصُورَةٌ, (Az, S, M, K,) and ↓ مَقْصُورَةٌ, (K,) A woman confined in the house, or tent, not suffered to go forth: (S, M, K:) a woman kept behind, or within, the curtain: (TA, in explanation of the last of these three epithets:) a girl kept with care, that does not go out: (Az:) the pl. of قصورة is قَصَائِرُ:] [and so, app., of قصيرة:] when you mean short in stature, you say قَصِيرَةٌ [only], and the pl. is قِصَارٌ. (TA.) Kutheiyir says وَأَنْتِ الَّتِى حَبَّبْتِ كُلَّ قَصِيرَةٍ

إِلَىَّ وَمَا تَدْرِى بِذَاكَ القَصَائِرُ عَنَيْتُ قَصِيرَاتِ الحِجَالِ وَلَمْ أُرِدْ قِصَارَ الخُطَى شَرُّ النِّسَآءِ البَحَاتِرُ (S, M) or, as Fr relates it, كُلَّ قَصُورَةً (S) [and thou art the person who hath made every female confined within the house to be an object of love to me, while the females confined within the house know not that: I mean those confined within the curtained canopies: I do not mean the short in step: the worst of women are the short and compressed]. And a poet says وَأَهْوَى مِنَ النِّسوَانِ كُلَّ قَصِيرَةٍ

لَهَا نَسَبٌ فِى الصَّالِحِينَ قَصِيرُ [And I love, of women, every one that is confined within the house, that has a short pedigree, among the good]; i. e., every ↓ مَقْصُورَة, of whom it suffices to mention her descent from her father, because of his being well known. (M.) Hence, in the Kur, [lv. 72,] حُورٌ مَقْصُورَاتٌ فِى

الخِيَامِ [Damsels having eyes whereof the white is intensely white and the black intensely black,] confined in the pavilions, (Az, Msb,) which are of pearls, for their husbands; (Az;) concealed by curtains: (Az, Bd:) or confined to their husbands, and not raising their eyes to others: (Fr:) or having their eyes restricted to their husbands. (Bd.) And ↓ نَاقَةٌ مَقْصُورَةٌ, (TA,) or مَقْصُورَةٌ عَلَى العِيَالِ, (Msb,) A she-camel retained [restrictively] for the household, that they [alone] may drink her milk. (Msb, TA. *) b5: See also قُصْرَةٌ.

قُصَارَةٌ: see مَقْصُورَةٌ.

قِصَارَةٌ The art of [beating and] washing (Mgh) and whitening (M, Msb) clothes. (M, Mgh, Msb.) قَصُورَةٌ: see مَقْصُورَةٌ: and قَصِيرٌ.

قُصَارَى. b2: قُصَارَاكَ: see قَصْرٌ.

قُصَيْرَى. b2: قُصَيْرَاكَ: see قَصْرٌ.

A2: See also قُصْرَى.

قَصَّارٌ One who beats (S) and washes (Mgh) and whitens (M, Msb, K) clothes; (S, M, &c.;) as also ↓ مُقَصِّرٌ. (M, K.) قَاصِرٌ: see قَصِيرٌ, first signification.

A2: إِمْرأَةٌ قَاصِرَةُ الطَّرْفِ A woman restraining her eyes from looking at any but her husband. (S, K.) b2: ظِلٌّ قَاصِرٌ (tropical:) Contracting shade. (TA.) قَوْصَرَّةٌ, and (sometimes, S,) قَوْصَرَةٌ, without teshdeed, A receptacle for dates, or for dried dates, (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) in which they are stored, made of mats, (S,) of reeds: (M, Mgh, Msb, K:) in common conventional language only so called as long as it contains dates: otherwise it is called زَبِيلٌ: (Mgh:) thought by IDrd to be not Arabic; (M;) and he doubts respecting the authenticity of a verse in which it is mentioned, ascribed to 'Alee: (TA:) pl. قَوَاصِرُ: (K, art. كنز; &c.:) the dim. is قُوَيْصِرَّةٌ and قُوَيْصِرَةٌ. (TA.) b2: (tropical:) A woman, or wife; (IAar, K;) as also قَارُورَةٌ [q. v.]. (IAar, TA.) أَقْصُرُ More, and most, short: fem. قُصْرَى: (Mgh:) the pl. of أَقْصَرُ is أَقَاصِرُ. (S, K.) تِقْصَارٌ (S, M, K) and تِقْصَارَةٌ (S, K) A necklace, or collar, or the like, syn. قِلَادَةٌ, (S, M, K,) resembling a مِخْنَقَة: (S:) so called because it cleaves to the قَصَرَة [or base] of the neck: (M:) or a مِخْنَقَة proportioned to the قَصَرَة [or base of the neck]: (A, TA:) pl. تَقَاصِيرُ. (S, K.) رَضِىَ بِمَقْصَرٍ مِنَ الأَمْرِ, and مِنْهُ ↓ بِمَقْصِرٍ, He was content with less than he was seeking, of the thing. (TA.) And مِمَّا كَانَ يُحَاوِلُ ↓ رَضِىَ بِمُقْصِرٍ

with kesr to the ص, (S,) or بِمَقْصَرٍ مِنْهُ, (as in a copy of the M,) He was content with less than he was seeking. (S, M.) And رَضِيتُ مِنْ فُلَانٍ

بِمَقْصَرٍ, and ↓ بِمَقْصِرٍ, I was content with an inferior thing from such a one. (M.) A2: See also قَصْرٌ.

مَقْصِرٌ: see مَقْصَرٌ: A2: and قَصْرٌ.

جَآءَ فُلَانٌ مُقْصِرًا Such a one came when the afternoon, or evening, was almost drawing near to night. (TA.) مَقْصَرَةٌ: see قَصْرٌ.

مِقْصَرَةٌ (M, K) and ↓ قَصَرَةٌ (M, TA) The wooden implement of the قَصَّار, (M, K,) with which he beats clothes: (M:) and the ↓ latter, a piece of wood, (M, K,) of any kind; or of the jujube-tree, specially. (TA.) مُقَصِّرٌ act. part. n. of 2, q. v. and see قَصَّارٌ. b2: [Deficient in liberality or bounty:] one who makes a gift scanty, or mean. (TA.) A poet says فَقُلْتُ لَهُ قَدْ كُنْتَ فِيهَا مُقَصِّرًا [And I said to him Thou hast been deficient in liberality with respect to them; app. meaning she-camels or the like;] i. e., thou hast not given of them nor given to drink from them [of their milk]. (M.) مَقْصُورٌ and مَقْصُورَةٌ: see قَصِيرٌ, in five places. b2: See also قُصْرَةٌ. b3: مَقْصُورَةٌ An ample or a spacious [house or mansion such as is called a]

دار, which is defended by walls: (M, * K, * TA:) or it is less than a دار; (M, K;) as also ↓ قُصَارَةٌ; and is not entered by any but the owner: (K:) such a part of a house is called the مقصورة of a دار, and the قصارة thereof: (Useyd, TA:) any apartment (نَاحِيَةٌ), by itself, of a دار, when the latter is ample, or spacious, and defended by walls: (Lth, TA:) a [chamber such as is called a] حُجْرَة, of a house: (Mgh, Msb:) pl. مَقَاصِيرُ and مَقَاصِرُ. See an ex. voce مُصْمَتٌ. (Lth, TA.) And المَقْصُورَةٌ, (Lth,) and مَقْصُورَةُ مَسْجِدٍ, (Mgh, Msb,) and مَقْصُورَةُ جامِعٍ, (S,) The part which is the station of the Imám [or Khaleefeh] in a mosque: (Lth, Mgh:) so called because confined [by a railing or screen]: (S:) or, accord. to some, مقصورة, thus applied, is changed from its original form, which is قَاصِرَةٌ, an act. part. n.: (Msb:) [and, as used in the present day, that part of a mosque which is the principal place of prayer, when it is partitioned off from the rest of the building: and the railing, or screen, which surrounds the oblong monument of stone or brick or wood over a grave in a mosque; sometimes enclosing a kind of baldachin over the monument.

مَقْصُورَةٌ also signifies The chancel of a church: see مَذْبَحٌ.] And مَقْصُورَةٌ and ↓ قَصُورَةٌ A حَجَلَة [or kind of curtained canopy or baldachin, such as is prepared for a bride]. (Lh, M, K.) and the former word, A piece of ground which none but the owner thereof is allowed to tread. (TA.) مَقْصُورَةٌ: see مَقْصُورٌ.

حَدِيثٌ مُقْتَصَرٌ: see قَصِيرٌ.