غفر

1 غَفَرَهُ, aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. غَفْرٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb,) He covered, veiled, concealed, or hid, it; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) i. e., anything. (TA.) This is the primary signification. (Mgh, Msb.) b2: [Hence]

غَفَر الشَّيْبَ بِالخِضَابِ He covered, or concealed, the white, or hoary, hair with dye; (K;) as also ↓ أَغْفَرَهُ. (TA.) b3: And غَفَرَ المَتَاعَ, (S, K,) فِى

الوِعَآءِ, (K,) He put the goods, or utensils, into the bag, or receptacle, and concealed them; (K;) as also ↓ اغفرهُ. (K.) b4: [Hence also] غَفَرَ لَهُ ذَنْبَهُ, (S, Msb, * K,) aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. مَغْفَرِةٌ, (S, K,) or this is a simple subst., (Msb,) and غُفْرَانٌ and غَفْرٌ (S, Msb, K) and غُفُورٌ (Lh, K) and غَفِيرٌ and غَفِيرةٌ, (K,) He (God) covered, his sin, crime, or offence; (K;) forgave it; pardoned it; (Msb, K;) as also ذَنْبَهُ ↓ اغتفر, (S,) or اغتفر لَهُ مَا صَنَعَ he forgave him what he had done: (Msb:) or غُفْرَانٌ and مَغْفِرَةٌ, on the part of God, signify the preserving a man from being touched by punishment: and sometimes غَفَرَ لَهُ signifies [he forgave him, or pardoned him: and also] he forgave him, or pardoned him, apparently, but not really; and thus it is used in the Kur xlv. 13, accord. to the B. (TA.) As an ex. of the last of the inf. ns. mentioned above on the authority of the K, the following saying, of a certain Arab, is cited: أَسْأَلُكَ الغَفِيرَهْ وَالنَّاقَةَ الغَزيِرَهْ وَالعِزَّ فِى العَشِيرَهْ فَإِنَّهَا عَلَيْكَ يَسِيرَهْ [I beg of Thee (O God) forgiveness, and a she-camel abounding in milk, and might among the kinsfolk, or in the tribe, for they are to Thee things easy]. (TA.) [See also the paragraph commencing with غَفِيرَةٌ.] b5: In the following saying of Zuheyr, the verb is used tropically: أَضَاعَتْ فَلَمْ تُغْفَرْ لَهَا غَفَلَاتُهَا meaning [She lost her young one, and] her acts of negligence with respect to her young one were not forgiven her, by the wild beasts, so they ate it. (TA.) b6: ↓ غَفَرَ الأَمْرَ بِغُفْرَتِهِ, (S, * K,) and ↓ بِغَفِيرَتِهِ, (K,) aor. ـِ (S,) [lit. He covered the affair with its cover,] means (assumed tropical:) he rectified the affair with that wherewith it was requisite that it should be rectified. (S, K.) [And ↓ اغتفرهُ perhaps signifies the same: see مُرْتَأَبٌ, in art. رأب.]

A2: غَفِرَ, aor. ـَ (S, K,) inf. n. غَفَرٌ, (S,) It (a garment, or piece of cloth,) became villous; as also ↓ اغفارّ, (S, K,) inf. n. اِغْفِيرَارٌ. (S.) A3: غَفَرَ, (S, K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. غَفْرٌ, (S,) It (a wound) became recrudescent; or reverted to a bad, or corrupt, state; (S, K;) as also غَفِرَ, [of which see another meaning in what follows,] aor. ـَ inf. n. غَفَرٌ. (S.) And in like manner the former is said of a sick person: (S:) [i. e.] غَفَرَ signifies likewise He (a sick person) relapsed into disease, after convalescence; as also غُفِرَ: (K, TA:) and in like manner one says of a wounded person. (TA.) and [hence, app.,] it is also said of an excessive lover, meaning He experienced a return of his desire, (K, TA,) after consolation. (TA.) b2: غَفِرَ said of a wound signifies also It healed: thus having two contr. meanings. (IKtt, TA.) A4: غَفَرَ الجَلَبُ السُّوقَ, (K, TA,) aor. ـِ inf. n. غَفْرٌ, (TA,) meansرَخَّصَهَا [more correctly أَرْخَصَهَا i. e. The beasts, or other things, brought thither for sale, made the market cheap]. (K, TA.) 2 غفّرهُ He said غَفَرَ اللّٰهُ لَهُ [May God cover his sins, &c.; may God forgive him, or pardon him]. (TA, from a trad.) 4 اغفر: see 1, in two places.

A2: أَغْفَرَتْ It (land) produced somewhat of غَفَر, meaning small herbage: (TA:) [i. e.] it produced herbage like the nap of cloth. (O, L, TA. *) b2: And It (land) produced its مَغَافِير [pl. of مُغْفُورٌ, q. v.]. (IAth, O, L, TA.) And اغفر It (the [species of tree, or shrub, called] رِمْث, S, and the عُرْفُط, [&c.,] TA) exuded, or produced, its مَغَافِير. (S, TA.) A3: Also, i. e. اغفرت, [from غُفْرٌ, q. v.,] She (a mountaingoat) had a young one, or young ones. (O, TA.) A4: And اغفر النَّخْلُ The palm-tress had, upon their unripe dates, what resembled bark, or crust; (O, K, TA;) which the people of El-Medeeneh term الغَفَا [or الغَفَى]. (O, TA.) 5 تغفّر and ↓ تَمَغْفَرَ He gathered what is called مِغْفَر and مُغْفُور [see the latter of these two words]. (S, K.) He who says مُغْفُور says ↓ خَرَجْنَا نَتَمَغْفَرُ, and he who says مِغْفَر says خرجنا نَتَغَفَّرُ, We went forth to gather مغفور, or مغفر, from its trees. (S.) 6 تغافرا They two prayed for the covering of sins, &c., or for forgiveness, or pardon, each for the other. (TA.) 8 إِغْتَفَرَ see the first paragraph, in two places.10 استغفر اللّٰهَ, (Msb,) and استغفر اللّٰه مِنْ ذَنْبِهِ, (S, K,) and لِذَنْبِهِ, (S,) and ذَنْبَهُ, (K,) He begged of God forgiveness, or pardon; (Msb;) he sought of God the covering, or forgiveness, or pardon, of his sin, crime, or offence, (K, TA,) by word and by deed; for so God requires one to do; not with the tongue only. (TA.) 11 إِغْفَاْرَّ see the first paragraph. Q. Q.2 تَمَغْفَرَ: see 5, in two places.

غَفْرٌ: see غَفَرٌ, in two places.

A2: See also غُفْرٌ.

A3: Also The belly. (K.) A4: And A certain thing like the [sack called] جُوَالِق. (K.) A5: And الغَفْرُ is the name of The star λ] in the left foot of Virgo: (Kzw in his Descr. of Virgo:) or three obscure stars, (Kzw in his Descr. of the Mansions of the Moon,) or three small stars, (S, K,) [most probably, I think, (not φ and ι and κ, as supposed by Freytag, who refers to Ideler's “ Untersuch. ”

pp. 169 and 288, but) ι and κ and λ of Virgo, though said to be] belonging to Libra: (S:) one of the Mansions of the Moon, (S, K,) namely, the Fifteenth. (Kzw in his Descr. of the Mansions.) غُفْرٌ The young of the mountain-goat; (S, K;) as also ↓ غَفْرٌ; but the former is the more common; (K;) the latter, rare: (TA:) pl. [of pauc.] أَغْفَارٌ and [of mult.] غِفَرَةٌ (S, K) and غُفُورٌ: (Kr, K:) the female is termed غُفْرَةٌ: and it is said that غُفْرٌ is an appellation of one and of a pl. number: the phrase غُفْرٌ كَثِيرٌ is mentioned [as meaning many young ones of the mountain-goat]. (TA.) غِفْرٌ The young of the cow [probably meaning of the bovine antelope called the wild cow]. (ElHejeree, K.) b2: And A certain دُوَيْبَّة [by which may be meant a small beast or creeping thing, or an insect]: (IDrd, O, K:) so, says IDrd, they assert. (O.) غَفَرٌ (S, K, TA) and ↓ غَفْرٌ (S, TA) and ↓ غُفَارٌ (S, K, TA) Hair like down, such as is upon the shank of a woman, and upon the forehead, and the like thereof: (S, TA:) or the hair of the neck, and of the jaws, and of the back of the neck; (K, TA;) as also ↓ غَفِيرٌ accord. to the copies of the K, but accord. to the L and other lexicons غَفْرٌ: and the small, short, hairs of the body. (TA.) b2: And غَفَرٌ signifies also The growth of hair in the place of the mane of a horse or similar beast. (TA.) b3: And The nap, or villous substance, upon the surface of a garment, or piece of cloth, (S, K, TA,) and the like thereof; (TA;) and ↓ غَفْرٌ signifies the same: (K, TA:) n. un. غَفْرَةٌ [and app. غَفَرَةٌ]: and غَفَرٌ is also expl. as signifying the هُدْب [app. here meaning likewise nap, or pile, or perhaps the unwoven end,] of a garment, or piece of cloth, and [particularly] of the thin and soft sorts of what are termed خَمَائِص and قُطُف [pls. of خَمِيصَةٌ and قَطِيفَةٌ]; but not the extremities of أَرْدِيَة and مَلَاحِف [pls. of رِدَآءٌ and مِلْحَفَةٌ]. (TA.) b4: And Small herbage; (K:) [or] a sort of small, sprouting herbage, of the [season called]

رَبِيع, growing in plain, or soft, land, and upon the [eminences termed] آكام [pl. of أَكَمَةٌ]; when green, resembling green passerine birds standing; and when it has dried up, resembling such as are red, not standing. (L, TA. *) هُوَغَفِرُ القَفَا means He is one who has [hair such as is termed] غَفَر upon the back of his neck: and هِىَ غَفِرَةُ الوَجْهِ, she is one who has غَفَر upon her face. (AHn, K, * TA.) غُفْرَةٌ A cover; a thing with which another thing is covered. (S.) [Hence] one says, غَفَرَ الأَمْرَ بِغُفْرَتِهِ (S, K) and ↓ بِغَفِيرَتِهِ (K) expl. above: see 1.

غِفْرَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ A good manner of covering, forgiving, or pardoning, sins, &c. (Lh, K.) غُفَارٌ: see غَفَرٌ, first sentence.

غِفَارٌ A certain brand, or mark made with a hot iron, upon the cheek [app. of a camel]. (TA.) غَفُورٌ: see غَافِرٌ, in three places.

جَمَّآءُ غَفِيرٌ A helmet that encloses and embraces the whole head. (K.) AO says, in his “ Book on the Coat of Mail and the Helmet,” that بَيْضَةٌ is a general name for a helmet, which has plates like the bones of the skull, fastened together, edge to edge, by nails. (TA.) b2: جَاؤُوا جَمَّآءَ غَفِيرًا, and الجَمَّآءَ الغَفِيرَ, (S, K,) and جَمَّآءَ الغَفِيرِ, and جَمًّا غَفِيرًا, and الجَمَّ الغَفِيرَ, and جَمَّ الغَفِيرِ, and ↓ جَمَّآءَ الغَفِيرَى, and ↓ جَمَّآءَ غَفِيرَةً, and الجَمَّآءَ

↓ الغَفِيرَةَ, and ↓ جَمَّآءَ الغَفِيرَةِ, and ↓ جَمَّ الغَفِيرَةِ, and بِجَمَّآءِ الغَفِيرِ, and ↓ بِجَمَّآءِ الغَفِيرَةِ, (K,) are phrases meaning They came all together, high and low, none of them remaining behind, and they being many: (S, K:) accord. to Sb, (K,) it (الجمّآء

الغفير, S, which is the only form that he mentions, TA, [or rather the former of these two words,]) is a subst., (S, K,) put in the place of an inf. n., (K,) i. e. put in the accus. case like an inf. n. of the same meaning, (TA,) i. e., [as when you say]

مَرَرْتُ بِهِمْ جُمُومًا كَثِيرًا [I passed by them they being very many]: (K:) it is not a verb, [by which is here meant, as in many other instances, an inf. n.,] but is put in the accus. case like an inf. n. of the same meaning, as when you say جَاؤُونِى جَمِيعًا, and قَاطِبَةً, and طُرًّا, and كَافَّةً, [They came to me all together,] and the article ال is prefixed like as it is prefixed in the saying أَوْرَدَهَا العِرَاكَ, meaning أَوْرَدَهَا عِرَاكًا [He brought them (the camels) to the water all together]: (S:) Sb says that it is one of those denotatives of state which have the art. ال prefixed, and is extr.; and that الغفير is an epithet inseparable from الجمّآء; meaning that you do not say الجمّآء and then be silent: (TA:) others hold it to be an inf. n.: IAmb allows it to be in the nom. case, on the condition that هُم is understood [before it; i. e., the complete phrase being جَاؤُوا هُمُ الجَمَّآءُ الغَفِيرُ]: and Ks says that the Arabs put الجمّاء الغفير in the accus. case فِى التَّمَامِ [i. e. in the case of its occurring after a proposition rendered complete by the mention of the agent. as when you say جَآءَ القَوْمُ الجَمَّآءَ الغَفِيرَ], and in the nom. case فِى النُّقْصَانِ [i. e. in the case of its occurring when what precedes it is not a complete proposition, and is only rendered complete by it as the agent, as when you say جَآءَ الجَمَّآءُ الغَفيِرُ]. (K.) b3: It is said in a trad., that Mohammad, being asked by Aboo-Dharr, what was the number of the apostles, answered ثَلٰثُمِائَةٍ وَخَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ جَمَّ الغَفِيرِ, meaning, Three hundred and fifteen: a great number. (Nh, TA.) A2: See also غَفَرٌ, first sentence.

غِفَارَةٌ: see مِغْفَرٌ, in three places. b2: Also A piece of rag worn beneath the مِقْنَعَة [q. v.], by which a woman preserves it from the oil or grease [on her head]: (S: [accord to one of my copies of the S, “preserves her head: ” ]) or a piece of rag by which a woman preserves her خِمَار [q. v.] from the oil or grease: (K:) or a piece of rag with which a woman covers the fore part and the hind part (but not the middle) of her head. (TA.) b3: [And A cloth that is spread upon the camel-litter. (Freytag, from the Deewán of the Hudhalees.)] b4: And A patch (رُقْعَة) that is put upon the notch, (S, K,) or a piece of skin which is upon the head, (TA,) upon which runs the string, of the bow. (S, K, TA.) b5: And A cloud (S, K) that is as though it were (S) above another cloud. (S, K.) b6: And The head of a mountain. (K.) غَفِيرَةٌ: see غُفْرَةٌ, and 1. b2: مَا فِيهِمْ غَفِيرَةٌ [There is not in them any disposition to forgive;] meansthey do not forgive any one a sin, a crime, or an offence. (S, K.) And مَاعِنْدَهُمْ عَذِيرَةٌ وَلَا غَفِيرَةٌ [They have not a disposition to excuse nor a disposition to forgive;] means they do not excuse nor do they forgive a sin, a crime, or an offence, of any one. (TA.) The rájiz (Sakhr-el-Ghei, L) said, (on seeing his companions, with whom he was journeying, fly from the Benu-l-Mustalik, whom they chanced to meet, L,) يَا قَوْمِ لَيْسَتْ فِيهِمُ غَفِيرَهْ فَامْشُوا كَمَا تَمْشِى جِمَالُ الحِيرَهْ [O my people, there is not in them any disposition to forgive: therefore march ye as march the camels of El-Heereh]: (S, L:) he mentioned particularly the camels of El-Heereh because they carry burdens; and meant, march ye heavily, and defend yourselves, and do not fly. (L.) A2: Also Abundance, and increase, in family and cattle or other property. (TA, from a trad.) A3: See also غَفِيرٌ, in five places.

غَفِيرَى: see غَفِيرٌ.

غَفَّارٌ: see the next paragraph.

غَافِرٌ (TA) and ↓ غَفُورٌ (S, K, TA) and ↓ غَفَّارٌ (K, TA) are epithets applied to God. (K, TA,) the second and third of which are intensive; (TA;) meaning, [the first,] Covering and forgiving the sins, crimes, and offences, of his servants; [or simply forgiving; and the second and third, covering and forgiving much the sins, &c., of his servants; or very forgiving.] (S, * K, * TA) The pl. of ↓ غَفُورٌ is غُفُرٌ. (S.) And ↓ غَفُورٌ is also applied to a woman, without ة. (TA.) غَوْفَرٌ The autumnal بِطِّيخ [i. e. melon or water-melon]: (K:) or a species thereof (Sgh, K, TA) It is said that the بِطِّيخ and the غَوْفَر are of those things in the cases of which the giving of the tithe is not incumbent. (Mgh.) أَغْفَرُ [Having the quality of covering, or the like, in a greater, or in the greatest, degree]. One says اُصْبُغْ ثَوْبَكَ بالسَّوَادِ فَإِنَّهُ أَغْفَرُ لِوَسَخِهِ Dye thou thy garment, or piece of cloth, with black; for it has the quality of bearing and concealing its dirt in the greatest degree. (S, * TA.) مُغْفُرٌ: see مُغْفُورٌ, in two places.

مُغْفِرٌ, (O, TA,) or مُغْفِرَةٌ, (S,) or the latter also, (O, TA,) A she-goat of the mountain having a young one or young ones: (S, * O, * TA:) pl. مُغْفِرَاتٌ. (S, TA.) مِغْفَرٌ What is worn beneath the helmet: (Mgh, Msb:) or a piece of mail, (زَرَدٌ, S K,) woven (S) from the دِرْع [or coat of mail], (S, K,) according to the size of the head, (S,) worn beneath the [kind of cap called] قَلَنْسُوَة; (S, K;) as also ↓ مِغْفَرَةٌ and ↓ غِفَارَةٌ: (K:) or the رَفْرَف [or pendent appertenance] of the helmet: (TA:) or a piece of mail, (حَلَقٌ, or حِلَقٌ, as in different copies of the K,) which an armed man, (K,) or a man, accord. to some lexicons, (TA,) wears in the manner of a قِنَاع (يَتَقَنَّعُ بِهَا); as also ↓ مِغْفَرَةٌ and ↓ غِفَارَةٌ: (K:) accord. to ISh, the مِغْفَر is a piece of mail (حَلَقٌ) which a man puts beneath the helmet, hanging down upon the neck: and sometimes, he says, it is like the قَلَنْسُوَة, except that it is more ample; a man throws it upon his head, and it reaches to the coat of mail; then the helmet is put on over it; and this مغفر hangs down upon the shoulders: sometimes, also, the مغفر is [a covering for the head] made of دِيبَاج [i. e. silk brocade], and of [the cloth called] خَزّ [q. v.], beneath the helmet: accord. to “ the Book of the Coat of Mail and the Helmet,” by AO, مِغْفَرٌ and ↓ غِفَارَةٌ are names applied to a portion of mail [forming a headcovering], which is also called تَسْبِغَةٌ [q. v.]; and sometimes the rings are exposed to view; and sometimes they line them within, and cover them externally, with دِيبَاج or خَزّ or [the kind of silk stuff called] بِزْيَوْن; and they stuff it with something (حشّوها بما كان); and sometimes they make above it a قَوْنَس [or tapering top] of silver &c.: (TA:) the term مِغْفَر is also applied to the helmet itself. (Mgh.) A2: See also مُغْفُورٌ, in three places.

مِغْفَرَةٌ: see مِغْفَرٌ, in two places.

مِغْفَارٌ: see the next paragraph, in two places.

مُغْفُورٌ (AA, T, S, K, &c.) and ↓ مِغْفَرٌ (Ks, T, S, K) and ↓ مُغْفَرٌ and ↓ مِغْفَارٌ and ↓ مِغْفيرٌ (K) i. q. مُغْثُورٌ; (T, S, K;) [A kind of manna;] a produce of the [species of tree, or shrub, called] رِمْث and sometimes of the عُشَر and the عُرْفُط and the ثُمَام and the سَلَم and the طَلْح &c.; (S;) the gum of the رمث and عرفط; (T;) the gum that is found upon the رمث, which is sweet, and is eaten; (AA;) a thing that flows, or exudes, from the ends of the twigs of the رمث, resembling دِبْس in its colour; (ISh, in explanation of the pl. مَغَافِيرُ;) a gum that flows, or exudes, from the عرفط, not of pleasant odour; (IAth;) a gum resembling [the kind of sweetmeat called] نَاطِف, exuded by the عرفط, which is put into a piece of cloth, then sprinkled with water, and drunk: accord. to Lth, ↓ مِغْفَارٌ is applied to the gum of the إِجَّاصَة: and some say that ↓ مِغْفَرٌ is applied to gum of a round shape; صُعْرُورٌ to that which is in shape like a finger; and ذَوْبٌ to that which flows upon the ground: and ↓ مِغْفَرٌ is also applied to a twig of a gum-tree, from which [for بِهِ (with which), in the TA, I read مِنْهُ,] is wiped a white fluid, whereof is made a sweet beverage: (TA:) pl. [of مُغْفُورٌ and مِغْفَارٌ and مِغْفِيرٌ] مَغَافِيرُ, (T, S, K,) and [of مِغْفَرٌ and مُغْفُرٌ] مَغَافِرُ: (K:) it is also said that مَغَافِيرُ is applied to a kind of sweet honey, like رُبّ, except that it is white. (TA.) [Hence the saying,] ↓ هٰذَا الجَنَى لَا أَْنْ يُكَدَّ المُغْفُرُ [This is gathering, not the scraping off مغفر]: a prov. alluding to the preference of a thing; said to him who obtains much good. (K.) [See also Freytag's Arab. Prov., ii. 874.]

مِغْفِيرٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

أَرْضٌ مَغْفُورَآءُ Land containing [trees producing]

مَغَافِير. (IDrd, K.) [See مُغْفُورٌ.]

غفر: غَفَّر (بالتشديد) = خَفَّر. (فوك). غَفَّر: خفر، حرس. (بوشر).
تَغَفَّر: تخفَّر، احتمى واستجار (فوك).
تغافر: الأمثلة التي ذكرها لين عن تاج العروس لمعنى هذه الكلمة موجودة في رحلة ابن جبير حيث أسيء تفسير هذا الفعل.
تغافر مع: تخافر مع، تحارس مع، اشترك في الخفارة أي الحراسة مع. (فوك).
اغتفر، أغْتُفِر (بالبناء المجهول): غُفِر له، واستعاد الحظوة والرضا. (معجم مسلم؟).
استغفر. أَستَغْفِرُ اللهَ: ليحفظني الله ويحميني من هذا: ليحميني الله ويحفظني من أن أفكر بهذا!.
بحراسة الله، ليحفظنا الله من مثل هذا الشرّ (بوشر) استغفر لفلان، بتقدير الله: طلب من الله أن يغفر له ذنبه ويعفو عنه (كوسج طرائف ص41) استغفر إلى فلان: طلب العفو منه (كليلة ودمنة ص96).
استغفر لفلان وعنه: كفَر عن جنايته، استدرك خطأ فلان وأصلحه بعقوبته.
غَفْر: تصحيف خَفّر: حرس، حراسة. ففي ألف ليلة (برسل 9: 272): سهرت العبيد للغَفْر وفي طبعة ماكن: للحرس.
غَفَر: تصحيف خَفَر، وهي الأجرة التي تدفع للحرّاس والخفّر الذين يرافقون القوافل لحراستها (ألف ليلة 2: 109).
غَفَر، تصحيف خَفَر: كتيبه الحرس في الجيش، وهم جماعة من الجند في موضع ما لحراسته. وموضع العسس والجنود الذين يحرسون قوافل التموين، ويحرسون المباني. (بوشر، همبرت ص140، ألف ليلة (برسل 9: 231، 233، 11: 340).
غفر الليل: عسس. (بوشر، همبرت ص140) غفر الديوان: رجال الكمرك. (فوك).
غَفَر: حراسة. طواف الحارس. (بوشر).
غَفَر: كل الأدوات التي توجد في الخيمة (زيشر 22: 131).
غُفْران، عند النصارى: صفح، عفو عن عقوبات الخطايا. (ألكالا).
نهار الغفران: يوم المغفرة، يوم العفو، يوم السماح (ألكالا).
غُفْرَانِيّ: نسبة إلى الغفران، تكفيري، استغفاري. (بوشر).
غفِير، تصحيف خَفِير، والجمع غُفَراء: حارس، وبخاصة من يحرس القوافل والمسافرين ويحميها أثناء الطريق. (مملوك 141: 208، برتون 2: 113: زيشر 11: 494).
غَفِير: حارس، رصد. (بوشر، همبرت ص143، برتون 1: 153، ألف ليلة 2: 109، برسل 9: 231).
غَفِير: مراقب الفلاحين في أعمال السُخْرة. (ميهرن ص32).
غفِير: من يتمتع بحماية أسرة ذات نفوذ وضع نفسه في حمايتها ورعايتها بدفع إتاوة لها. (مرجريت ص282).
غِفَارَة، والجمع غَفائِر: هي عند أهل الغرب قلنسوة، طاقية يلبسها الرجال (الملابس ص314، المقري 2: 636) وانظرها في مادة أقرْوف. وفي كتاب ابن صاحب الصلاة (ص72 ق): ثم انعم عليهم بالكسوة التامَّة من العمائم الغفائر والبرانس والأكسية فإن (بأن) حصل لكل فارس غفارة وعمامة وكساء وقبطية وشقَّة.
غِفَارَة، عند أهل المغرب: رداء أحمر (فوك).
وفي تونس (غفارة رداء رقيق يغطي كُل الجسم). وعند ميشيل (ص76) (غِفارة برنس قصير من الصوف رقيق أبيض يرتدي في الصيف) (دونانت ص201) وعند ابن القوطية (ص25 و): دخل عليه يوماً- وعليه ثوب عراقي وغفارة عراقي فقال له يا ابن الشمر تُظاهر العراقي على العراقي ما فعلتْ غُفَيرتُك التي كنتَ تختلف إليَّ بها وأنا ولدٌ فقال قطعت منها جُلاً وبرقعا لبغلك الأشهب. وفي حيّان- بسّام (3: 140و) في الكلام عن دخول هشام الثالث قرطبة (مخطوطة أ): دخل- بحِلية مختصرة ساد لا شمل (سمل) غفارة ما على تحتها كسوة رثة. وفي (مخطوطة ب): ساد لا اشمال (اسمال) عفاوة إلى ما تحتها كسوة رثة. (المقري 1: 881، المقدمة 2: 194). وفي مخطوطة كوبنهاجن المجهولة الهوية (ص34): ولما كان النزول برباط تازة التفت المنصور إلى ساقته فرأى أكثر القرابة من الاخوة والعمومة قد اصطفَّوا واختصّوا بلباس الغفائر والبرانيس فانكر عليهم لكونه من زي الخليفة في حالتَيّ ركوبه وجلوسه في كل موطن.
وهذه الكلمة تثير مشكلتين: الأولى أنه ليس من اليسير معرفة إذا ما كانت تعني قلنسوة وطاقية أو أنها تعنى كساء. وأرى الآن أن الأفضل في العبارتين اللتين نقلتهما في الملابس (ص316) انها تعني رداء. والثانية هل هي غِفارة أو غَفَّارة (انظر غفَّارة) وهذه الأخيرة تعنى كساء أيضاً.
غِفَارَة: تصحيف خِفاوة بمعنى حماية، ففي أبو حَمُّو: فأنت وجيوشك في غفارتهم تعيشون وبدعائهم تثبتون.
غُفَيْرَة: كساء قصير. انظر المادة السابقة- وضبط الكلمة هذا في المخطوطة.
غُفَّارَة، والجمع غَفافِير: كساء. (الملابس ص317، القلائد ص334 (= برنس) وانظر، غِفارَة، وفي محيط المحيط: الــغَفَّارة وشاح يلبسه الأحبار في الهياكل. (ولا ادري لماذا قال إنها عبرانية). وعند برجرن: غَفَارة والجمع غَفَارات: غَفَّارة الأحبار في الهياكل، وفي معجم بوشر غفارة بدون تشديد ولا حركات وهو ثوب واسع يلبس كساءً في الكنيسة.
تَغْقِير عند النصارى: غُفْران، صفح، عفو عن الخطايا. (ألكالا).
مَغْفِرَة: نفس المعنى السابق (ألكالا، ويوم الغُفْران). (ألكالا).
مُغفّر (تصحيف مخفّر): حامٍ، واقٍ، ظهير، مدافع، مجير، خفير، صائن، معين، بركهارت سورية ص660.
إسْتِغْفار عام: إقرار بالذنب، اعتراف بالذنب، طلب المغفرة عن الإثم.
اسْتِغْفارِيّ: تكفري، مُكفّر عن الذنوب (بوشر).

رغف

1 رَغَفَ, (JK, O, Msb,) aor. ـَ (O, Msb,) inf. n. رَغْفٌ, (JK, O, Msb, K,) He collected together (JK, O, Msb, K) clay, (JK, O, K,) or dough, (Msb, O, K,) making it into a compact mass, (JK, O, K,) or making it round (Msb) [and flat, but not thin, or not very thin], with his hand. (Msb, O, K.) b2: رَغَفَ البَعِيرٌ, (JK, O, K,) aor. as above, (O, K,) and so the inf. n., (JK, O,) He put into the camel's mouth, by mouthfuls, seeds (بَزْر), and flour, (JK, O, K,) and the like. (O, K.) 4 ارغف He looked sharply, or intently, or attentively; (JK, O, K;) إِلَيْهِ [at him, or it]; (TK;) said of a man and of a lion. (O.) b2: and He hastened, made haste, or sped, in going, journeying, or pace. (K.) رَغِيفٌ A round cake (MA, KL) of bread, (S, MA, Mgh, KL,) such as is thick, or not thin, (MA,) the contr. of such as is termed رَقِيق; (Mgh;) [generally about a span, or less, in width, and from half an inch to an inch in thickness;] of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ, (Msb,) from رَغَفَ as expl. in the first sentence above: (JK, O, Msb, K:) pl. [of pauc.]

أَرْغِفَةٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and [of mult.] رُغْفَانٌ (JK, S, MA, Mgh, Msb, K) and رُغُفٌ (JK, S, O, Msb) and رُغْفٌ and ↓ تَرَاغِيفُ; (JK, O, K;) the last anomalous, (TK,) mentioned by Ibn-'Abbád. (O.) تَرَاغِيفُ: see what next precedes. [This art. is wanting in the copies of the L and TA to which I have had access.] Quasi رغلد اِرْغَلَّدَ: see Q. Q. 3 in art. رغد.

سبغ

1 سَبَغَ, (Msb, K, &c.,) aor. ـُ (MA, Msb) and سَبَغَ, (MA,) inf. n. سُبُوغٌ, (Msb, K, &c.,) It (a garment [&c.]) was complete, full, ample, or without deficiency: (MA, Msb:) it (a thing, Lth, Msb, of any kind, JK, Msb, such as a garment, TA, a coat of mail, JK, Msb, TA, and the like, TA, and hair, JK, TA) was long, (JK, Msb, K,) from above to below, (Msb,) or reaching to, or towards, the ground. (Lth, K.) [Hence,] ذُو سُبُوغٍ [The ample, or long, &c.,] was the name of a coat of mail belonging to the Prophet. (TA.) b2: [Hence also] سَبَغَتْ قُصَيْرَى الفَرَسِ The قصيري [app. here meaning the rib next the flank] of the horse was of full length. (TA.) b3: And سَبَغَ المَطَرُ (tropical:) The rain approached the earth, and extended. (TA.) b4: And سَبَغَتِ النِّعْمَةُ, (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. as above, (S, Msb,) (tropical:) The benefit, or boon, was, or became, ample. (S, Msb, K, TA.) One says, الحَمْدُ لِلّٰهِ عَلَى سُبُوغِ النِّعْمَةِ Praise be to God for the ampleness of the benefit, or boon. (TA.) b5: And سَبَغَ لِبَلَدِهِ (assumed tropical:) He tended towards, and reached, his town, or country; (AA, * K;) inf. n. as above. (TA.) 2 سَبَّغَتْ, inf. n. تَسْبِيغٌ, She (a camel, As, JK, S, or a pregnant female, K) cast her young one, or fœtus, (As, JK, S, K,) in an incomplete state, (TA,) or when its hair had grown, (As, S, K,) or when its fur had grown; (JK;) accord. to the T, (TA,) i. q. أَجْهَضَت: (JK, TA:) or, accord. to AA, سَبَّغَتِ الإِبِلُ بِأَوْلَادِهَا the camels cast their young abortively; and, in like manner, accord. to Lth, one says of all pregnant females: (TA:) [see also سَبَّقَت:] the epithet applied to her is ↓ مُسَبِّغٌ, without ة. (As, K, TA.) 4 اسبغهُ He made it complete, full, ample, or without deficiency; (Msb;) he made it wide; namely, his garment [&c.]: and he made it long; namely, [his garment, and the like, and] his hair, (TA.) b2: [Hence,] اسبغ اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ النِّعْمَةَ (S, Msb, * K *) (tropical:) God made the benefit, or boon, complete, full, or ample, to him. (S, * Msb, * K, * TA.) and اسبغ لَهُ فِى النَّفَقَةِ (assumed tropical:) He expended upon him what was completely sufficient for his wants; bestowed upon him amply. (TA.) b3: And اسبغ الوُضُوْءَ, (K,) inf. n. إِسْبَاغٌ, (S,) (tropical:) He performed completely the [ablution termed] وضوء, (S, K, TA,) making it to reach to the proper places thereof, and giving fully to every member its due. (K, TA.) A2: And اسبغ He put on a wide, or an ample, [or a long,] coat of mail. (KL.) سُبُغٌ: see مُسْبِغٌ.

سَبْغَةٌ (tropical:) Plentifulness, and pleasantness or easiness, and softness or delicacy, of life. (K, TA.) One says, إِنَّهُمْ لَفِى سَبْغَةٍ مِنَ العَيْشِ (tropical:) Verily they are in a state of plentifulness, &c., of life. (TA.) سَابِغٌ, applied to a thing (JK, S) of any kind, (JK,) Complete, full, ample, or without deficiency: (S, TA:) [and] long. (JK.) You say, دِرْعٌ سَابِغَةٌ A coat of mail that is wide, or ample, (S, K, * TA,) and long: (K, TA:) or such that one drags it upon the ground, or [that falls] against one's ankles, by reason of length and ampleness: pl. سَوَابِغُ. (TA.) And ذَنَبٌ سَابِغٌ A complete, a full, or an ample, tail. (S.) and دَلْوٌ سَابِغَةٌ (tropical:) A long دلو [or leathern bucket]. (TA.) And نَاقَةٌ سَابِغَةُ الضَّرْعِ (tropical:) A she-camel full, or without lack or defect, in the udder: (Lth, and so in the K accord. to the TA:) or سَابِغَةُ الضُّلُوعِ without lack or defect, and long, in the ribs. (So in copies of the K.) And عَجِيزَةٌ سَابِغَةٌ and أَلْيَةٌ سَابِغَةٌ (Msb, K) signify in like manner, (K,) [or] (tropical:) A long buttock. (Msb, TA. *) And رَجُلٌ سَابِغُ الأَلْيَتَيْنِ (assumed tropical:) A man large in the buttocks. (TA.) And فَحْلٌ سَابِغٌ (tropical:) A stallion long in the veretrum: (S, K, TA:) the contr. thereof is termed كَمِشٌ. (S, TA.) And لِثَةٌ سَابِغَةٌ (tropical:) A foul, or an ugly, gum. (Lth, K, TA.) b2: And مَطْرَةٌ سَابِغَةٌ (tropical:) A compious rain. (K, * TA.) b3: And نِعْمَةٌ سَابِغَةٌ (tropical:) A complete, a full, or an ample, benefit, or boon. (K, * TA.) b4: See also تَسْبِغَةٌ.

أَسْبَغُ More [and most] complete, full, ample, or free from deficiency [in breadth and in length]: occurring in this sense in a trad., relating to a coat of mail. (TA.) تَسْبَِغٌ: see what next follows.

تَسْبِغَةٌ (JK, S, K) and تَسْبَغَةٌ and ↓ تَسْبِغٌ and تَسْبَغٌ, (JK, K,) the first of which is the most chaste, (TA,) I. q. مِغْفَرٌ [q. v.]: (JK:) or a portion of the mail of the coat of mail, that is conjoined to the helmet, and protects the neck: (JK, S, K:) for the helmet becomes lengthened (تَسْبُغُ) thereby; and but for it, there would be between it and the opening at the neck of the coat of mail an intervening space: (S:) or the mail composing the رَفْرَف of the helmet, at the bottom thereof, with which the man protects his neck, and which is also called the مِغْفَر: or, accord. to “ the Book of the Coat of Mail and the Helmet,”

by AO, the رَفْرَف of the helmet is other than its تَسْبِغَة; for he says that, of helmets, there is that which has a رَفْرَف, [consisting of] rings [or mail] encompassing the bottom thereof, so as to surround the back and other parts of the neck, and the two cheeks, and to reach to the مَحْجِرَانِ [q. v.] of the two eyes; and he afterwards says, but when it [the helmet] is not of plate, or expanded metal, but is [a head-covering] of mail, it is called مِغْفَرٌ and غِفَارَةٌ and تَسْبِغَةٌ: (TA:) [the pl. is تَسَابِغُ:] and the helmet [that has a تَسْبِغَة attached to it, accord. to those who mean by this term the mail attached to the bottom thereof,] is called ↓ سَابِغٌ: (JK:) or, accord. to As, one says بَيْضَةٌ لَهَا سَابِغٌ, (S,) or لَهَا تَسَابِغُ. (K, TA: in the CK [erroneously] تَسَابُغٌ.) مُسْبِغٌ, (S, A, L, TA,) in the O and K ↓ سُبُغٌ, like عُنُقٌ, which seems to be a mistranscription, copied by the author of the K, accord, to his usual practice, from the O, (TA,) A man having upon him a coat of mail such as is termed سَابِغَةٌ. (S, A, O, L, K.) مُسَبَّغٌ is expl. by Kr as meaning The young that is cast by its mother after the soul has been blown into it. (TA. [But see its verb, 2.]) مُسَبِّغٌ: see 2.

مِسْبَاغٌ A she-camel that usually casts her young abortively: but a term not well know, (IDrd, TA.)

قبط

1 قَبَطَهُ, aor. ـِ so in the margin of a copy of the S, (TA,) inf. n. قَبْطٌ, (TS, O, K,) He collected it together, or comprehended it, with his hand: (TS, O, K:) [like قَبَضَهُ:) in the TS given as on the authority of IDrd: in the O as on that of IF. (TA.) b2: Also, inf. n. as above, He mixed it. (TA.) 2 قَبَّطَ [قبّط وَجْهَهُ He contracted his face much; made it much contracted, or very austere or morose:] تَقْبِيطُ الوَجْهِ is syn. with تَقْبِيطُهُ; (Yaa-koob, K;) and is formed from the latter by transposition. (TA.) القِبْطُ [The Copts; often called by themselves القُبْطُ;] a certain people, or nation, in Egypt; (TA;) the original, or genuine, people of Egypt; (S, K, TA;) the Christians of Egypt: (Msb:) n. un. ↓ قِبْطِىٌّ; (S, Msb, K;) fem. with ة: (Msb, K:) you say إِمْرَأَةٌ قِبْطِيَّةٌ [A Copt woman]: (Msb:) and جَمَاعَةٌ قِبْطِيَّةٌ and أَقْبَاطٌ [A company of Copts; اقباط being a pl. of قِبْطٌ]. (TA.) [See قُبْطِىٌّ.] Authors differ respecting their pedigree: some say, that القِبْطُ was son of حَام [or Ham], son of نُوح [or Noah]: the author of the Shejereh, that مِصْرَائِيم [or Mizraïm] the son of حام left issue from لُوذِيم [or Ludim], and that لوذيم are the قِبْط of Egypt, in the Sa'eed: Aboo-Háshim Ahmad Ibn-Jaafar El-'Abbásee, the genealogist, says, that they are the children of قِبْط son of مِصْر son of قُوط [a mistranscription for فُوط, the Phut of the English Bible, A. V.,] son of حام: and this is verified by Ibn-El-Joowánee the genealogist. (TA.) قُبْطِىٌّ A kind of thin, or fine, (Mgh, Msb,) white, (Mgh,) cloth, (Mgh, Msb,) of linen, (Msb,) made in Egypt; so called in relation to the قِبْط, irregularly, to distinguish between it and the man, who is called قِبْطِىٌّ: (Mgh, Msb:) so says Lth, respecting these two forms: (TA:) you also say, ↓ ثِيَابٌ قِبْطِيَّةٌ, with kesr; but when you convert the rel. n. into a subst, you say قُبْطِيَّةٌ, with damm, to distinguish the subst. from the rel. n. without ثياب; like as you say, رِمَاحٌ خَطِّيَّةٌ, and خِطِّيَّةٌ, with kesr, when you do not mention the رماح: so says Kh: (Msb in art. خط:) it is said in the K, that القُبْطِيَّةُ, with damm, signifies a kind of cloths, so called in relation to the قِبْط; and sometimes it is with kesr; which is a plain assertion that the form with damm is the more common: but in the S it is said, that القِبْطِيِّةُ signifies certain white, thin, or fine, cloths, of linen, made in Egypt; and sometimes it is with damm, because they make a change in the rel. n., as in سُهْلِىٌّ and دُهْرِىٌّ, which (as SM adds) are from سَهْلٌ and دَهْرٌ; and this indicates that the regular form, with kesr, is the more common: (TA:) the pl. is قَبَاطِىٌّ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and قَبَاطِى: (K [but the latter, being indeterminate, should be written قَبَاطٍ, like مَهَارٍ &c.:]) Sh says, that the قَبَاطِىّ are a kind of cloths inclining to fineness and thinness and whiteness. (TA.) قِبْطِىٌّ and قِبْطِيَّةٌ: see القِبْطُ and قُبْطِىٌّ.

قُبَيْطَآءُ: see what next follows.

قُبَّاطٌ: see what next follows.

قُبَّيْطٌ: see what next follows.

قُبَّيْطَى and ↓ قُبَيْطَآءُ, the former with teshdeed and with a short final alif, and the latter without teshdeed and with a long final alif, (S, Msb, K, *) and ↓ قُبَّيْطٌ and ↓ قُبَّاطٌ, (S, K,) i. q. نَاطِفٌ; (S, Msb, K;) [described by Golius, on the authority of an Arabic and Persian vocabulary, entitled كتاب السامى فى الاسامى, as a very white kind of sweetmeat, which consists of juice of grapes, with an addition of other things, cooked so that it becomes white and hard:] derived from قَبْطٌ signifying the act of “ collecting together. ” (TA.) قُنَّبِيطٌ: see art. قنبط.