غذو

1 غَذَوْتُهُ, (S, Msb, K, TA,) aor. ـْ (Msb,) inf. n. غَذْوٌ, (K,) I fed him, or nourished him, (S, Msb, K, TA,) [for instance,] a child, (S, TA,) with milk; (S, Msb, TA;) and غَذَيْتُهُ signifies the same, unknown by J, and therefore disallowed by him, (K and TA in art. غذى,) but known by ISd: (TA in that art.;) and so ↓ غَذَّيْتُهُ, (S, * Msb, K, TA,) inf. n. تَغْذِيَةٌ, (S, TA,) [but, accord. to SM.] in an intensive sense. (TA.) And غَذَاهُ الطَّعَامُ, aor. and inf. n. as above, The food [nourished him, or] had an agreeable, a wholesome, or a beneficial, effect upon him, and sufficed him; namely, a child. (Msb.) b2: And [hence,] غُذُو بِلِبَانِ الكَرَمِ (tropical:) [They were fed, or nourished, by sucking the milk of generosity; meaning they derived generosity from their parents]. (TA.) A2: غَذَا بَوْلَهُ, and غَذَا بِهِ, (K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) He (a camel) interrupted his urine; (K, TA;) as also ↓ غذّاهُ, (S, K, TA,) inf. n. تَغْذِيَةٌ. (S, TA.) And غَذَا الكَلْبُ بِغَذًى [or بِغَذًا] The dog emitted urine in repeated discharges. (TA.) A3: غَذَا, said of urine, It became interrupted: (S, K, TA:) the verb being intrans. as well as trans. (TA.) b2: And, (S, M, K, TA,) aor. ـْ inf. n. غَذْوٌ and غَذَوَانٌ, (M, TA,) It flowed; (S, M, K, TA;) said of water, (S,) or, as some say, of anything, [or] of water or blood or sweat. (TA.) [Thus,] as IKtt says, the verb has two contr. significations. (TA.) It flowed with blood; (S, K;) aor. as above, inf. n. غَذْوٌ; (S;) said of a vein; as also ↓ غذّى, inf. n. تَغْذِيَةٌ. (S, K.) And It flowed continually; aor. as above; said of a wound. (TA.) b3: And (assumed tropical:) He went quickly. or swiftly; (S, M, K, TA,) aor. as above, inf. n. غَذْوٌ and غَذَوَانٌ; said of a horse. (TA.) 2 غَذَّوَ see the preceding paragraph, first sentence. b2: [Hence,] النَّارُ تُغَذَّى بِالحَطَبِ (tropical:) [The fire is fed with firewood]. (TA.) b3: And التَّغْذِيَةُ signifies also التَّرْبِيَةُ [app. as meaning The rearing a child &c. though it also means “ the feeding, or nourishing ”]: (S, K:) or in an intensive sense. (TA.) A2: See, again, 1, in two places.5 تغذّى quasi-pass. of 2: (Msb, K: *) see 8. b2: [Hence,] one says of a man, خَيْرُهُ يَتَغَذَّى كُلَّ يَوْمٍ (tropical:) His goodness increases every day. (TA.) 8 اغتذى He was, or became, fed, or nourished; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ تغذّى. (Msb, K.) Yousay, اغتذى بِهِ He was, or became, fed, or nourished, with it; (S, Msb;) namely, food, and beverage, (S,) or milk. (Msb.) 10 استغذاهُ He threw him down on the ground with vehemence. (K.) غَذًا or غَذًى [accord. to different copies of the K, the former agreeable with a general rule, though the latter is said in the TA to be the right,] The urine of the camel, (K, TA,) and of the dog. (TA. [See 1.]) غَذَوَانٌ [an inf. n. of غَذَا said of water, and of a horse, and hence, app.,] (assumed tropical:) Swift: (TA:) or brisk, lively, or sprightly, and swift; applied to a horse: (S, K, TA: [see also غَذَوَانٌ:]) or that interrupts his urine, or emits it in repeated discharges, (يَغْذُو بِبَوْلِهِ,) when he runs. (TA.) b2: And (applied to a man, TA) (assumed tropical:) Long-tongued, or clamorous and foul-tongued; foul, unseemly, or obscene [in speech]: fem. with ة: (K, TA:) the latter, applied to a woman, expl. by Fr as signifying فَاحِشَةٌ [i. e. foul, &c., as above]. (TA.) غَذَوِىٌّ: see غَذِيٌّ, in four places: b2: and see also عَدَوِيَّةٌ, in art. عدو.

غِذَآءٌ Aliment, or nutriment; consisting of food and of drink; (S, Msb;) the means of the growth, or increase, and of the sustenance, or support, of the body: (K:) pl. أَغْذِيَةٌ. (KL.) [One says رَجُلٌ حَسَنُ الغِذَآءِ A man good in respect of food: i. e., who feeds on good food: and سَيِّئُ الغِذَآءِ bad in respect of food: who feeds: a bad food.] b2: It is also applied, by the poet Eiyoob Ibn-'Abáyeh. to (assumed tropical:) The water for irrigation of palm-trees. (TA.) A2: Also pl. of غَذِىٌّ. (S, &c.) غَذِىٌّ A lamb, or kid; syn. سَخْلَةٌ; (S, Msb, K;) or, as some say, a lamb (حَمَل); (Msb:) and the pl. is غِذَآءٌ: (S, Msb, K:) and syn. with غَدَوِىٌّ in senses expl. in art. غدو: as also غَذَوِىٌّ: (K:) or غَذِىُّ المَالِ and ↓ غَذَوِيُّهُ signify the younglings of cattle, such as lambs or kids and the like; (S, Msb;) accord. to Khalaf El-Ahmar, (S,) or IF; so that they are of camels and of him and of sheep or goats: (Msb:) accord. to IAar, ↓ غَذَوِىٌّ is syn. with بهيم [an evident mistranscription for بَهْم, q. v.]: and signifies such as is fed: (TA:) and he was told, he says, by an Arab of the desert, of Belhujeym, that the ↓ غَذَوِىّ is the lamb (حَمَل), or the kid, that is (??) with the milk of its mother, but with another's milk; accord. to which explanation it is different from the غَذِيّ; and so it is accord. to A(??) as IF says, some imagine الغَذَوِىُّ to be from الغَذِىُّ, which signifies the سَخْلَة [as expl. in the beginning of this paragraph]. (Msb, TA.) The dim. of غَذِىٌّ is ↓ غُذَىٌّ. (S.) b2: See also عَدَوِيَّةٌ, in art. عدو.

غُذَىٌّ dim. of غَذِىٌّ, q. v. (S.) غَاذِى مَالٍ (assumed tropical:) A good manager or tender [of cattle]: (K, TA:) as though he fed them. or reared them. (TA.) A2: And الغَاذِى signifies also Teh wound that will not cease to bleed. (TA.) الغَاذِيَةُ A certain vein; (K, TA;) so called because of its flowing with blood. (TA.) b2: and The part that is in a state of commotion, [or that pulses,] of the top of the head of a [young] child. as long as it continues soft; for when it becomes hard, and becomes bone, it is termed يَأْفُوخ: pl. الغَوَاذِى: mentioned by Az: (TA:) also called الغَاذَّةُ. (IAar, K in art. غذ.) الغَيْذَا, of the measure فَيْعَلٌ [when indeterminate], from غَذَا “ it flowed,” occurring in a trad. as meaning The clouds, is said by Z to be the only word of this measure having the final radical letter infirm except الكَيْهَا, [which I do not find in its proper art.,] meaning “ the large, or bulky,” she-camel [like كَهَاةٌ and كَيْهَاةٌ]. (TA.)

غرب
الغرب: التَّمادي والحدَّةُ: وجلْدٌ تامٌّ يُتَّخَذُ منه دَلْوٌ. وكُلُّ فَيْضَةٍ من الدَمع غَرْبٌ، وجَمْعُه غُرُوبٌ. وداءٌ وخُرّاجٌ في العَيْن. ومَغْرِبُ الشَّمْس. والفَرَسُ الحَدِيدُ. والسَّيْفُ القاطِعُ.
وأغْرَبَ واسْتَغْرَبَ الرَّجُلُ: لَجَّ في الضحكِ خاصَّةً. واسْتَغْرَبَ عليه: اشْتَدَّ غَضَبُه والغَرَبُ: ماءٌ يَقْطُرُ من الدِّلاء فَيَتَغَيَّر رِيْحُه. وأغْرَبَ الساقي: إذا أكْثَرَ الغَرَبَ. وأغْرَبَ الحَوْضُ: فاضتْ جَوانِبُه، وكذلك الكأْسُ فهي مُغْرِبَةٌ. وغُرُوْبُ الأسنانِ: أطرافُها.
والغُرُوْبُ: غَيْبُوبَةُ الشَّمْس، وكذلك المُغَيْرِبَانُ. وأتانا عند غِرِبّانِ الشَّمس ومُغيْرِباناتِها.
والغُرْبَةُ: النَّوى والبُعْدُ. وأغْرَبَ القَوْمُ: انْتَوَوْا. وغايَةٌ مُغَرِّبَة: بَعِيدةٌ. والكِلابُ إذا أمْعَنَتْ في طَلَبِ الصيْدِ قيل: غَربَتْ. وَبَلَدٌ مُغَرِّبٌ وغُرَّبٌ: بَعِيْدٌ. وغَرَّبَ الرَّجُلُ تَغْرِيباً: بَعُدَ. وهل من مُغَرِّبَةٍ خَبَرٌ: أي خَبَرٌ طرأَ عليك. وشَأْوٌ مُغَرِّب.
وأغْرَبَ الرَّجُلُ في مَنْطِقِه: إذا لم يُبْقِ شَيْئاً إلا تَكًلّمَ به، والفَرَسُ في جَرْيِه.
والغَرِيْبُ من الكلام: الغامِضُ، غَرُبَتِ الكلمةُ تَغْرُبُ غَرَابَةً، وصاحِبُها مُغْرِبٌ.
والغارِبُ: أعْلى المَوْج والظَّهْرِ. ويقولون للمَرْأةِ عند الطَّلاقِ: حَبْلُكِ على غارِبِكِ.
والمُغْرَبُ: الأبْيَضُ الأشْفارِ من كلِّ صِنْفٍ. والعَنْقَاءُ المُغْرِبُ والمُغْرِبَةُ، وإغْرَابُها: غَرْبُها في طَيَرانِها. وقيل العَنْقاءُ المُغْرِبُ: هي رَأْسُ الأكَمَةِ في أعْلى الجَبَل الطَّويل.
والبَرَدُ يُسَمّى غَرَباً لبَياضِه. والصُّبْحُ مُغْرَبٌ. ورَجُلٌ مُغَرَّبٌ: يَبْيَضُّ شَعرُ رَأْسِه ولحْيَتِه، وفَرَسٌ كذلك: إذا اتَّسَعَتْ غرَّتُه في وَجْهِه. والغُرَابً: طائرٌ، والجميع غِرْبانٌ وأغْرِبَةٌ، وهذه غِرْبَنَّةٌ وغُرَابَةٌ للأنْثى، والذَّكَرُ غِرْبَنٌّ.
والغُرَابانِ: نُقْرَتانِ عند الصَّلَوَيْنِ في العَجُز، وجَمْعُه غِرْبانٌ.
والغُرَابُ: ما يُعْقَدُ من الدَّلْوِ إلى الصُّلْب.
ورِجْلُ الغُرَابِ: نَوْعٌ من الصِّرَار في خِلْفِ الناقَةِ، وإذا اشْتَدَّ على الرَّجُل الأمْرُ وضاقَ عليه قِيْلَ: صُرَّ عليه رِجْلُ الغُرَاب. وهو - أيضاً -: ضَرْبٌ من النبت.
والغَرْبيُّ من الشَّجَرِ: الذي تُصيبُه الشَّمْسُ بحَرِّها عند الأفُول. وصِبْغٌ أحْمَرُ. والفَضِيْخُ من النَّبِيْذ.
والغَرَبُ: شَجَرٌ يُتخَذُ منه الأقداحُ. وجامٌ من فِضة. وموضع يَسِيلُ فيه الماءُ بين البِئْرِ والحَوْض. والخَمْرُ.
والغِرْبِيْبُ: الأسْوَدُ، وكذلك الغِرْبابُ. وُيقال لعَناقِيدِ البَرِيْرِ: غِرْبانُ البَرِيْرِ لسَوادِها.
والغُرَابيَّةُ: نَخْلةٌ بالبَصْرَةِ. وسَهْم غَرْبٌ: لا يُعْرَفُ رامِيْه.
والمُغْرَبُ: الثَّغْرُ الذي فيه حدَّةٌ وشَنَبٌ. وذِرَاعٌ غَرب: أي طَويلةٌ.
وغَرِبَتِ العَيْنُ تَغْرَبُ غَرَباً: إذا كانَ بها وَرَمٌ في المَأقِ.
وفَرَس غَرِب: من الغَرَبِ، وهو عِرْق يَسْقي ولا يَبْرأ من دَبَرَتِه أبداً. وهو - أيضاً -: شِبْهُ الجَرَبِ، شاة غَرِبَةٌ، وإهَاب غَرِبٌ، وغَنَمٌ غَرْبى، وإبل غَرَابى، وأغْرِبَتْ فهيَ مُغْرَبَةٌ.
وهو في إغْرَابِ من العَيْش: أي في سَعَةٍ. وأغْرِبَ الرَّجُلُ: اشْتَدَّ وَجَعُه من مَرَضٍ أو غيرِه. والغَرَايِبُ: العَرايِسُ، واحِدُها غَرْبِيَةٌ.

غرب: غرب. يقال: غرب السهم في فواده: ثقب السهم قلبه واخترقه. ويقال: غرب السهم فقط بهذا المعنى. (معجم أبي الفداء).
غَرَّب (بالتشديد): ذهب ناحية المغرب، وطاح، ومات وهلك. وغَربَت الشمس (فوك).
وغَرَّب الدُّعاء: فسّرت بباعَدَ الصَّوْت في ديوان الهذليين (ص94 البيت الثاني).
تَغَرَّب. في مصطلح التصوف: المتغربون في هذه الحيوة: الذين اعتزلوا هذه الحياة. (بوشر)، استغرب. استغرب الشيء: وجده أوعدّه غريباً (بوشر).
استغر به: أعجب به، استحسنه. (بوشر).
غَرْب: آلة مائية للسقي (معجم البلاذري).
غَرَب: فسره رايسكه (في معجم فريتاج) بأنه موضع بين البئر والحوض يتساقط عليه الماء من الدلو. ولا شك ان هذا التفسير مأخوذ من الكامل (ص120).
غَرب: دوسر، ففي المستعيني: دوسر هي حشيشة يشبه ورقها ورق سنبل الحنطة إلا أنه ألْيَن منه وهو المعروف بالغَرَب (وضبط الكلمات هذا في مخطوطة ن). وفي ابن البيطار في مادة دوسر (1: 462)، ويعرف بالغرب. وهذا ما لم يفهمه سونثيمر.
مرهم الغَرَب: حَوْري، نوع من المرهم الملين الذي تدخل في تركيبه براعم الحور. نوع من المروخ. (بوشر).
غُرْبَة: اعتزال، عزلة مجازاً وفي اصطلاح الصوفية. يقال مثلاً: الذين في غربة هذه الحيوة أي الذين اعتزلوا هذه الحياة.
غربة هذه الحيوة: مزار هذه الحياة. (بوشر).
غربت الحَسِين (؟): اسم لحن من الحان الموسيقى.
الغَرْبي: الريح الغربية. (بوشر).
غَراب. في معجم فريتاج خطأ والصواب غُراب. (المقري 2، إضافات ص15).
غُراب. غراب البين: زاغ، نوع من الغربان صغير (فوك). غراب الزرع: نوع من الزاغ أبيض الريش (نيور رحلة ص166).
غُراب، وجمعها غُرابات وغِرْبان (فوك، الكالا) وأغْربَة (بوشر): قادِس، سفينة شراعية حربية. (فوك، ألكالا، بوشر). وهي غاليا ( galea) في الترجمة اللاتينية القديمة (ص569) عند أماري (ديب ص8). وفي كتاب ابن القوطية (ص7 و) أنشأ قرابات (غرابات) وأخذ من مراكب النجار. (القلائد ص54) وفيه: قرابات. وفي الادريسي (القسم الثاني الفصل السادس): يكون طول الموكب منها طول الغراب الكامل (ابن بطوطة 4: 50) وفي ألف ليلة (3: 435) ابيعكم للغراب كلّ واحد بمائتي دينار، أي لبيعكم لتكونوا مجدفين في الغراب.
غُراب. والجمع أغْربَة: سفينة شراعية صغيرة بصاريين تشبه القلعية لها شراعان ويجدف بها وتستعمل للقرصنة. (بوشر).
غُراب. والجمع غِرْبان: واجهة القصر حيث الباب الرئيس. (ألكالا).
غُراب: نوع من السمك، وهو بالإيطالية tordo marino ( باجني مخطوطات).
وقد أجاب السيد الأستاذ جيجلبوني من متحف فلورنسة الذي سأله السيد اماري بطلب مني ان أفسر معنى: tordo marino الذي ذكره باجني فقال هو من غير شك نوع من الكيدم Labrus ولعله Lab- rus turdus الذي يسمى turdu في صقلية، ويسمى Labro tordo في القارة الأوربية.
ويسمى الفرنسيون هذا النوع من السمك Viel - les de mer أي Labtre وهو الكيدم.
غُراب: في اصطلاح الحدادين حلقة ذات رأس محدّد.
غَرِيب: الرجل الذي ليس من القوم، ولا من البلد. ويجمع أيضاً على غُرْبَة (فوك) وأغراب (بوشر).
غَرِيب: عجيب، خارق، غير مألوف، فذّ، نادر، عزيز، قليل الوجود، فريد، وحيد، شاذ. (بوشر، دي ساس طرائف 1: 6، المقري 1: 603).
الغريب المُصَنَّف: الكلمات العويصة الغامضة النادرة الموجودة في الأحاديث والقرآن جمعت ورتبت وفسرت حسب المواد. (رسالة إلى السيد فليشر ص114).
غَريب: كلمة غربية: بربرية. (بوشر) غريبة (مؤثث غريب): شيء نادر، فاخر ممتاز. (هو جفلايت ص49).
غريبة: طريقة فريدة، خطَة فريدة، أسلوب ونهج شاذ. سلوك وتصرف غير مألوف. (تاريخ البربر 2: 81، 82).
غريبة: نوع من الأفاعي. (فون هوجلن في زيشر مجلة لغة مصر، مايس 1868 ص55).
الغُرَباء: المنجمون، علماء التنجيم. وقد أطلق عليهم هذا الاسم لا لانهم اجانب وغرباء بل لانهم يعملون أعملا غريبة عجيبة خارقة. (زيشر 20: 496، 503، 508).
دار الغُرَباء: مأوى الفقراء. ملجأ الفقراء، دار للإحسان، مبّرة يعيش فيها الفقراء (ألكالا).
دار للغرباء: فندق، نُزُل، مسكن مؤثث. (بوشر).
غُرَيْب. غريب الصَّحْرَى: بومة الألب الكبرى. (شيرب، تريسترام ص393) ولعل الصواب غُرَيّب تصغير غُراب. غَرَابَة: أصالة، طرافة، خصوصية. (بوشر).
غرابة الكلام ومخالفته: لَحْن، غلط في النحو أو الصرف. (بوشر).
غَرابة: لا بد أنها تدل على معنى آخر عند الخطيب (ص158 و) الذي يقول بعد أن نقل نكتة السلطان ومزاحه: ولا خفاء ببراعة هذا التوقيع وغرابة مَقاصره ومجالسه على الأيام معمورة بهذا ومثله. وربما كان الصواب قراءتها: وغرابته: وعلى هذا فالنص ناقص وقد سقط شيء من هذه العبارة.
قارن هذا بكلمة غارب.
غُرَيّب: انظر غُرَيب.
غُرَيّبَة: هكذا كتبت هذه الكلمة في محيط المحيط وقد فسرها بقوله: نوع من الحلاوات سريع التفتَّت مولَّدة. وعند شيرب: غُريبية وهي حلوى تصنع من الدقيق والسمن المذاب والسكر وتطبخ في الفرن.
وعند دوماس (حياة العرب ص253) غَريبية: حلوى من جريش الحنطة المخلوط بالسكر والزبدة والليمون الحامض. وانظر: (مارتن ص82، وبركهارت بلاد العرب 1: 58، وفيه غَربية، ومالتزن ص130 وفيه أغِربية، وبوشر وفيه غرايبة: نوع من البسكويت.
غَرَّب: شجرة في ارتفاع شجرة الزيتون، ورقها يشبه ورق الحور (وهو من فصيلة الصفصاف) إلا أنه أعرض منه قليلاً. (بركهارت سورية ص393).
غارِب: يجمع على أغارب. (عبد الواحد ص214). غارب: كاهل الفرس، حارك الفرس، وهو ما بين العنق والصهوة. (دوماس حياة العرب ص190).
غارب البيت: أعلى الغرفة. (معجم الأسبانية ص342) وفي المقري (1: 405): غوارب تابوت. وعند بوسييه: جانب الكوخ.
الغارب في جامع دمشق المسافة أسفل القبة والجناح الكبير الذي يؤدي إلى الباب الكبير (معجم ابن جبير).
مَغْرِبيَة: وقت السهرة، زمان من جنوح النهار إلى الرقاد. (بوشر).
مَغْرِبيَة: نوع من الطعام. (محيط المحيط).
مَغْربيَة: عشبة، نوع من العشب. (محيط المحيط).

غرب

1 غَرَبَ, aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. غَرْبٌ, (K, TA,) He, or it, went, went away, passed away, or departed. (K, * TA.) b2: And He retired, or removed, (K, * TA,) عَنِ النَّاسِ [from men, or from the people]. (TA.) b3: And غَرَبَ, (S, K, TA,) aor. and inf. n. as above; (TA;) and ↓ غرّب; (A, TA;) and ↓ تغرّب; (K, TA;) He, or it, became distant, or remote; or went to a distance. (S, A, K, TA.) One says, اُغْرُبْ عَنِّى Go thou, or withdraw, to a distance from me. (S.) b4: And غَرَبَ and ↓ غرّب He, or it, became absent, or hidden. (K.) The former is said of a wild animal, meaning He retired from view, or hid himself, in his lurking-place. (A.) b5: And غَرَبَتِ الشَّمْسُ, (S, Msb, TA,) aor. ـُ (Msb,) inf. n. غُرُوبٌ (S, Msb, TA) and مَغْرِبٌ [which is anomalous] and مُغَيْرِبَانٌ [which is more extr.], (TA,) The sun set: (S, Msb, TA:) and غَرَبَ النَّجْمُ The star set. (TA.) A2: غَرْبٌ [app. as an inf. n. of which the verb is غَرَبَ] signifies also (assumed tropical:) The being brisk, lively, or sprightly. (K.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) The persevering (K, TA) in an affair. (TA.) b3: غَرَبَتِ العَيْنٌ, inf. n. غَرْبٌ, The eye was affected with a tumour such as is termed غَرْبٌ [q. v.] in the inner angle. (TA.) A3: غَرُبَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. غَرَابَةٌ or غُرْبَةٌ and غُرْبٌ, said of a man: see 5. b2: غَرُبَ, (K, TA,) inf. n. غَرَابَةٌ, said of language, (A, TA,) It was strange, or far from being intelligible; difficult to be understood; obscure. (A, * K, TA.) And in like manner, you say, غَرُبَتِ الكَلِمَةُ [which also signifies The word was strange as meaning unusual]. (A, TA.) A4: غَرِبَ, aor. ـَ (K, TA,) inf. n. غَرَبٌ, (TA,) He, or it, was, or became, black. (K, TA.) A5: غَرِبَتْ said of a ewe or she-goat, She was, or became, affected with the disease termed غَرَبٌ meaning as expl. below. (S.) A6: See also غَرَبٌ in another sense.2 غرّب, inf. n. تَغْرِيبٌ: see 1, in two places: and 4, likewise in two places: b2: and see also 5. b3: Also He went into the west: (TA in this art.:) he directed himself towards the west. (TA in art. شرق.) One says, غَرِّبْ شَرِّقْ [Go thou to the west go thou to the east: meaning go far and wide]. (A, TA.) [See also 4.]

A2: He made, or caused. him, or it, to be, or become, distant, remote, far off, or aloof: (Mgh:) he removed, put away, or put aside, him, or it; as also ↓ اغرب. (TA.) b2: And غرّب, (Msb,) inf. n. as above, (S, Mgh, Msb,) He banished a person from the country, or town, (S, * Mgh, * Msb, TA,) in which a dishonest action had been committed [by him]. (TA.) b3: and He divorced a wife. (TA, from a trad.) b4: and غرّبهُ الدَّهْرُ, and غرّب عَلَيْهِ, Fortune left him distant, or remote. (TA.) A3: تَغْرِيبٌ signifies also, accord. to the K, The bringing forth white children: and also, black children: thus having two contr. meanings: but this is a mistake; the meaning being, the bringing forth both white and black children: the bringing forth either of the two kinds only is not thus termed, as Saadee Chelebee has pointed out. (MF, TA.) A4: Also The collecting and eating [hail and] snow and hear-frost; (K;) i. e., غُرَاب. (TA.) A5: See also غَرَبٌ.4 إِغْرَابٌ signifies The going far into a land, or country; as also ↓ تَغْرِيبٌ. (K.) And you say, الكِلَابُ ↓ غرّبت The dogs went far in search, or pursuit, of the object, or objects, of the chase. (A, TA.) b2: See also 5. b3: And اغرب signifies He made the place to which he cast, or shot, to be distant, or remote. (A.) b4: Also, (TA,) inf. n. as above, (K, TA,) He (a horse) ran much: (K:) or اغرب فِى جَرْيِهِ, said of a horse, (A, TA,) he exceeded the usual bounds, or degree, in his running: (A:) or he ran at the utmost rate. (TA.) b5: And اغرب فِى الضَّحِكِ, (A, K,) and ↓ اِسْتَغْرَبَ فِيهِ, (S, A, * K, *) and ↓ اُسْتُغْرِبَ (K, TA) i. e. فى

الضّحك, and ضَحِكًا ↓ اِسْتَغْرَبَ occurring in a trad. and عَلَيْهِ الضَّحِكُ ↓ اِسْتَغْرَبَ, and اغرب الضَّحِكَ, (TA,) He exceeded the usual bounds, or degree, in laughing; (A, K, TA;) or he laughed [immoderately, or] violently, or vehemently, and much: (S, TA:) or i. q. قَهْقَهَ [q. v.]: (TA:) or اغرب signifies he laughed so that the غُرُوب [or sharpness and lustre &c.] of his teeth appeared: (L, TA:) or اغرب فى الضحك means he exceeded the usual bounds, or degree, in laughing, so that his eye shed tears [which are sometimes termed غَرْب]. (Har p. 572.) In the saying, in a certain form of prayer, ↓ أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ كُلِّ شَيْطَانٍ مُسْتَغْرِبٍ [I seek protection by Thee from every devil &c.], the meaning of مستغرب is thought by El-Harbee to be exorbitant in evilness, wickedness, or the like; as though from الاِسْتِغْرَابُ فِى الضَّحِكِ: or it may mean sharp, or vehement, in the utmost degree. (TA.) b6: And اغرب, (S, Msb,) inf. n. as above, (K,) He did, or said, what was strange, or extraordinary. (S, Msb, K.) You say, تَكَلَّمَ فَأَغْرَبَ He spoke, and said what was strange, and used extraordinary words: and يُغْرِبُ فِى كَلَامِهِ [He uses strange, or extraordinary, words in his speech]. (A, TA.) b7: Also, (TA,) inf. n. as above, (K,) He came to the west. (K, TA.) [See also 2.]

A2: اغرب also signifies He had a white child born to him. (TA.) b2: And إِغْرَابٌ signifies Whiteness of the groins, (K, TA,) next the flank. (TA.) You say, of a man, اغرب meaning He was white in his groins. (TK.) A3: See also غَرَبٌ.

A4: اغرب as trans.: see 2. b2: إِغْرَابٌ said of a rider signifies His making his horse to run until he dies: (K:) or, accord. to Fr, one says, اعرب عَلَى

فَرَسِهِ meaning “ he made his horse to run: ” [or اعرب فَرَسَهُ has this meaning: (see 4 in art. عرب:)] but he adds that some say اغرب. (O in art. عرب.) b3: And اغرب, (S, TA,) inf. n. as above, (K, TA,) He filled (S, K, TA) a skin, (S, TA,) and a watering-trough or tank, and a vessel. (TA.) Bishr (Ibn-Abee-Kházim, TA) says, وَكَأَنَّ ظُعْنَهُمُ غَدَاةَ تَحَمَّلُوا

↓ سُفُنٌ تَكَفَّأُ فِى خَلِيجٍ مُغْرَبِ [And as though their women's camel-vehicles, on the morning when they bound the burdens on their beasts and departed, were ships inclining forwards (or moving from side to side like the tall palm-tree) in a filled river (or canal)]. (S.) b4: Hence, (TA,) إِغْرَابٌ signifies also Abundance of wealth, and goodliness of condition: (K, TA:) because abundance of wealth fills the hands of the possessor thereof, and goodliness of condition fills [with satisfaction] the soul of the goodly person. (TA.) [Therefore the verb, meaning He was endowed (as though filled) with abundance of wealth and with goodliness of condition, is app. أُغْرِبَ; not (as is implied in the TK) أَغْرَبَ: the explanation of the verb in the TK is, his wealth was, or became, abundant, and his condition was, or became, goodly.] b5: One says also (of a man, S) أُغْرِبَ (with damm, K) meaning His pain became intense, or violent, (As, S, K, TA,) from disease or some other cause. (TA.) b6: And أُغْرِبَ عَلَيْهِ, accord. to the K, signifies A foul, or an evil, deed was done to him; and [it is said that] أُغْرِبَ بِهِ signifies the same: but in other works, [the verb must app. be in the act. form, for] the explanation is, he did [to him] a foul, or an evil, deed. (TA.) b7: And أُغْرِبَ said of a horse, His blaze spread (S, K) so that it took in his eyes, and the edges of his eyelids were white: and it is used in like manner to signify that they were white by reason of what is termed زَرَقٌ [inf. n. of زَرِقَ, q. v.]. (S, TA.) See its part. n., مُغْرَبٌ.5 تغرّب: see 1, third sentence. b2: تغرّب and ↓ اغترب are syn., (S, Msb, K,) signifying He became [a stranger, a foreigner; or] far, or distant, from his home, or native country; (S, * Msb, K;) [he went abroad, to a foreign place or country;] and so ↓ غَرُبَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. غَرَابَةٌ, (Msb,) or غُرْبَةٌ (MA) [and app. غُرْبٌ, this last and غُرْبَةٌ being syn. with تَغَرُّبٌ and اِغْتِرَابٌ, and being like قُرْبَةٌ and قُرْبٌ inf. ns. of قَرُبَ]; and بِنَفْسِهِ ↓ غَرَّبَ, (Mgh, * Msb,) inf. n. تَغْرِيبٌ; (Msb;) and ↓ أَغْرَبَ, (Aboo-Nasr, S,) or this last signifies he entered upon الغُرْبَة [the state, or condition, of a stranger, &c.]. (Msb.) b3: And تغرّب signifies also He came from the direction of the west. (K.) 8 اغترب: see 5. b2: Also He married to one not of his kindred. (S, K.) It is said in a trad., اِغْتَرِبُوا وَلَا تُضْوُوا (TA) [expl. in art. ضوى].10 إِسْتَغْرَبَ see 4, in four places.

A2: استغربهُ He held it to be, or reckoned it, غَرِيب [i. e. strange, far from being intelligible, difficult to be understood, obscure; or extraordinary, unfamiliar, or unusual; and improbable]. (MA.) غَرْبٌ [an inf. n. of غَرَبَ, q. v., in several senses. b2: As a simple subst.,] Distance, or remoteness; and so ↓ غَرْبَةٌ. (A, K.) النَّوَى ↓ غَرْبَةُ [in one of my copies of the S غُرْبَة] means The distance, or remoteness, of the place which one purposes to reach in his journey. (S, TA.) b3: [And hence, used as an epithet, Distant, or remote.] You say نَوًى غَرْبَةٌ [in one of my copies of the S غُرْبَةٌ] A distant, or remote, place which one purposes to reach in his journey. (S, A. *) And دَارُ فُلَانٍ

غَرْبَةٌ The house, or abode, of such a one is distant, or remote. (TA.) And دَرَاهِمُ غَرْبَةٌ Distant money [so that it is not easily attainable]. (TA.) and عَيْنٌ غَرْبَةٌ A far-seeing eye: and إِنَّهُ لَغَرْبُ العَيْنِ Verily he is far-seeing; and of a woman you say غَرْبَةُ العَيْنِ. (TA.) A2: And الغَرْبُ is syn. with

↓ المَغْرِبُ, (S, M, Msb, K,) which latter is also pronounced ↓ المَغْرَبُ, with fet-h to the ر, but more commonly with kesr, (Msb,) or accord. to analogy it should be with fet-h, but usage has given it kesr, as in the case of المَشْرِقُ; (TA;) [both signify The west;] الغَرْبُ is the contr. of الشَّرْقُ; (M, TA;) and ↓ المَغْرِبُ [is the contr. of المَشْرِقُ, and] originally signifies the place [or point] of sunset, (TA,) as also الشَّمْسِ ↓ مَغْرِبَانُ; (K;) and is likewise used to signify the time of sunset; and also as an inf. n.: (TA:) and ↓ المَغْرِبَانِ signifies the two places [or points] where the sun sets; i. e. the furthest [or northernmost] place of sunset in summer [W. 26 degrees N. in Central Arabia] and the furthest [or southernmost] place of sunset in winter [W. 26 degrees S. in Central Arabia]: (T, TA:) between these two points are a hundred and eighty points, every one of which is called مَغْرِبٌ; and so between the two points called المَشْرِقَانِ. (TA.) A3: غَرْبٌ signifies also The first part (S, K) of a thing (K) [and particularly] (assumed tropical:) of the run of a horse. (S.) b2: And The حَدّ [or edge] (S, K) of a thing, as also ↓ غُرَابٌ, (K,) or of a sword and of anything; (S;) and thus [particularly] the ↓ غُرَاب of the فَأْس [or adz, &c.]. (S, K.) b3: And (assumed tropical:) Sharpness (S, A, Msb, TA) of a sword, (TA,) or of anything, such as the فَأْس [or adz, &c.], and of the knife, (Msb,) and (Msb, TA) (assumed tropical:) of the tongue: (S, A, Msb, TA:) and [as meaning (assumed tropical:) sharpness of temper or the like, passionateness, irritability, or vehemence,] of a man, (TA,) and of a horse, (S, TA,) and of youth: (A, TA:) [from the same word signifying the “ edge ” of a sword &c.: whence the saying, أَرْهِفْ غَرْبَ ذِهْنِكَ لَمَا أَقُولُ (mentioned in the A and TA in art. ارهف) meaning (tropical:) Sharpen the edge of thine intellect for what I say:] and ↓ غَرْبَةٌ signifies the same. (TA.) And Vehemence of might or strength, or of valour or prowess, of men; syn. شَوْكَةٌ. (TA.) [And hence, app., (assumed tropical:) Briskness, liveliness, or sprightliness: and (assumed tropical:) perseverance in an affair: see the first paragraph.] b4: Also, [used as an epithet,] (assumed tropical:) Sharp, applied to a sword [and the like], and to a tongue. (TA.) And, applied to a horse, (assumed tropical:) That runs much: (S, K:) or that casts himself forward, with uninterrupted running, not desisting until he has gone far with his ride. (TA.) A4: And A large دَلْو [or leathern bucket], (S, Mgh, Msb, K, TA,) made of a bull's hide, (Mgh, TA,) with which one draws water on the [camel, or she-camel, called] سَانِيَة [q. v.]: (Msb:) of the masc. gender: pl. غُرُوبٌ. (TA.) So expl. in the following words of a trad.: أَخَذَ الدَّلْوَ عُمَرُ فَاسْتَحَالَتْ غَرْبًا ['Omar took the دلو, and it became changed into a غرب]; i. e. when he took the دلو to draw water, it became large in his hand: for the conquests in his time were more than those in the time of Aboo-Bekr. (IAth, TA.) b2: And A [camel, or any beast, such as is called] رَاوِيَة, (K, TA,) upon which water is carried. (TA.) b3: And accord. to the K, A day of irrigation: but [this is app. a mistake: for] Az says that Lth has mentioned the phrase فِى يَوْمِ غَرْبٍ, meaning thereby in a day in which water is drawn with the [large bucket called] غَرْب, [ for irrigation,] on the [camel, or she-camel, called]

سَانِيَة. (TA.) A5: And Tears (K, TA) when they come forth from the eye: (TA:) or غُرُوبٌ signifies tears; (S;) and is pl. of غَرْبٌ. (TA.) A poet says, مَا لَكَ لَا تَذْكُرُ أُمَّ عَمْرِو

إِلَّا لِعَيْنَيْكَ غُرُوبٌ تَجْرِى

[What aileth thee, that thou dost not mention Umm-'Amr but thine eyes have tears flowing?]. (S, TA.) And it is said of Ibn-'Abbás, in a trad., كَانَ مِثَجًّا يَسِيلُ غَرْبًا i. e. (tropical:) [He was an eloquent orator, flowing with] a copious and uninterrupted stream of knowledge, likened to غَرْب as meaning “ tears coming forth from the eye. ” (TA.) b2: and A flowing, (مَسِيلٌ, K,) or vehement flowing, (اِنْهِلَالٌ, A, K,) in one copy of the K اِنْهِمَالٌ [which means a flowing], (TA,) of tears from the eye: (A, K:) and a single flow (فَيْضَةٌ) of tears, and of wine. (K.) b3: And A certain vein, or duct, (عِرْقٌ,) in the channel of the tears, (S, Mgh,) or in the eye, (A, K,) that flows [with tears] uninterruptedly; (S, A, Msb, K;) like what is termed نَاسُورٌ. (S, Mgh.) One says of a person whose tears flow without intermission, بَعَيْنِهِ غَرْبٌ. (As, S, Mgh.) And [the pl.] الغُرُوبُ signifies The channels of the tears. (S.) b4: Also The inner angle of the eye, and the outer angle thereof. (S, A, K.) b5: And A tumour in the inner angles of the eyes; (Mgh, K;) as also ↓ غَرَبٌ. (Mgh.) b6: And A pustule (بَثْرَةٌ) in the eye, (K, TA,) which discharges blood, and the bleeding of which will not be stopped. (TA.) b7: And Abundance of saliva (K, TA) in the mouth; (TA;) and the moisture thereof, i. e., of saliva: (K:) pl. غُرُوبٌ. (TA.) And The place where the saliva collects and remains: (K, TA:) or the غَرْب in a tooth is the place where the saliva thereof collects and remains: (TA:) or غَرْبٌ, (TA,) or its pl. غُرُوبٌ, (S, TA,) signifies the sharpness, and مَآء

[meaning lustre], (S, TA,) of the tooth, (TA,) or of the teeth: (S, TA:) accord. to the T and M and Nh and L, غُرُوبُ الأَسْنَانِ signifies the places where the saliva of the teeth collects and remains: or, as some say, their extremities and sharpness and مَآء [which may here mean either water or lustre]: or the مَآء that runs upon the teeth: (TA:) or their مَآء, and shining whiteness: (A, TA:) or their fineness, or thinness, and sharpness: or غُرُوبٌ signifies the sharp, or serrated, edges of the fore teeth: it is also, as pl. of غَرْبٌ, expl. as signifying the مَآء of the فَم [by which may be meant either the water of the mouth or the lustre of the teeth, for الفَمُ properly signifies “ the mouth ” and metonymically “ the teeth ”], and the sharpness of the teeth: and accord. to MF, as on the authority of the Nh, [but SM expresses a doubt as to its correctness,] it is also applied to the teeth [themselves]. (TA.) [See also شَنَبٌ, in two places.]

A6: أَصَابَهُ سَهْمُ غَرْبٍ and ↓ سَهْمُ غَرَبٍ, and سَهْمٌ غَرْبٌ and ↓ سَهْمٌ غَرَبٌ, (S, Msb, * K,) the second of which, i. e. ↓ سَهْمُ غَرَبٍ, accord. to IKt, is the most approved, (MF,) mean An arrow of which the shooter was not known [struck him]: (S, Msb, K:) or, accord. to some, سهم غَرْب signifies an arrow from an unknown quarter; سهم

↓ غَرَب, an arrow that is shot and that strikes another. (TA.) A7: And غَرْبٌ signifies also A certain tree of El-Hijáz, (K, TA,) green, (TA,) large, or thick, and thorny, (K, TA,) whence is made [or prepared] the كُحَيْل [i. e. tar] with which [mangy] camels are smeared: [or it is a coll. gen. n., for] its n. un. is with ة: so says ISd: كحيل is قَطِرَان, of the dial. of El-Hijáz: and he [app. ISd] says also, the أَبْهَل [q. v.] is the same as the غَرْب, because قطران is extracted from it. (TA.) Hence, as some say, (K, TA,) the trad., (TA,) لَا يَزَالُ أَهْلُ الغَرْبِ ظَاهِرِينَ عَلَى

الحَقِّ [The people of the غرب will not cease to be attainers of the truth, or of the true religion]: (K, TA:) or the meaning is, the people of Syria, because Syria is [a little to the] west of El-Hijáz: or the people of sharpness, and of vehemence of might or strength, or of valour or prowess; i. e. the warriors against unbelievers: or the people of the bucket called غَرْب; i. e. the Arabs: or the people of the west; which meaning is considered by Iyád and others the most probable, because, in the relation of the trad. by Ed-Dárakutnee, the word in question is المَغْرِب. (L, TA.) غُرْبٌ: see غُرْبَةٌ.

غَرَبٌ Silver: or a [vessel such as is termed] جَام of silver; (S, K;) [i. e.] a [drinking-cup or bowl such as is termed] قَدَح of silver. (L, TA.) A poet says, فَدَعْدَعَا سُرَّةَ الرَّكَآءِ كَمَا دَعْدَعَ سَاقِى الأَعَاجِمِ الغَرَبَا cited in the S as being by El-Aashà but it is said in the L, IB says, this verse is by Lebeed, not by El-Aashà, describing two torrents meeting together; meaning, And they filled the middle of the valley of Er-Rehà, also, but less correctly, called Er-Rikà, like as the cup-bearer of the اعاجم [or foreigners] fills the silver قَدَح with wine: the verse of El-Aashà in which [it is said that] غَرَب occurs as meaning “ silver ” is, إِذَا انْكَبَّ أَزْهَرُ بَيْنَ السُّقَاةِ تَرَامَوْا بِهِ غَرَبًا وَنُضَارَا i. e. When a white wine-jug is turned down so as to pour out its contents [among the cup-bearers], they hand it, i. e. the wine in the cups, one to another [while it resembles silver or gold]: (L, TA:) غَرَبًا is here in the accus. case as a denotative of state, though signifying a substance: [and so نُضَارَا:] but it is said that غَرَبٌ and نُضَارٌ signify species of trees from which are made [drinkingcups or bowls such as are termed] أَقْدَاح [pl. of قَدَحٌ]: and it is said in the T that نُضَارٌ signifies a species of trees from which are made yellow أَقْدَاح. (TA.) b2: [In explanation of the last of the applications of غَرَبٌ mentioned above, it is said that] it signifies also A species of trees (T, S, ISd, TA) from which are made white [drinking-cups or bowls of the kind termed] أَقْدَاح; (T, TA;) called in Pers\. إِسبِيدْ دَار [or إِسْپِيدَار]: (S:) [generally held to mean the willow; like the Hebr.

עֲרָבִים; or particularly the species called salix Babylonica: a coll. gen. n.:] n. un. with ة. (ISd, TA.) [Avicenna (Ibn-Seenà), in book ii. p. 279, mentions a tree called غرب, but describes only the uses and supposed properties of its bark &c., particularizing its صَمْغ; whence it appears that he means the غَرْب, not the غَرَب.] b3: It also signifies A [vessel of the kind termed] قَدَح [perhaps such as is made from the species of trees above mentioned]: (K, TA:) and its pl. is أَغْرَابٌ. (TA.) b4: And Gold. (K.) b5: And Wine. (S, K.) b6: And The water that drops from the buckets between the well and the watering-trough or tank, (S, K,) and which soon alters in odour: (S:) or any water that pours from the buckets from about the mouth of the well to the wateringtrough or tank, and that soon alters in odour: or the water and mud that are around the well and the watering-trough or tank: (TA:) and (as some say, TA) the odour of water and mud: (K:) so called because it soon alters. (TA.) [Hence] one says, لا تغرب, [thus in the TA, so that it may be ↓ لا تَغْرُبْ or ↓ لا تُغَرِّبْ or ↓ لا تُغْرِبْ,] meaning Spill not thou the water between the well and the watering-trough or tank, so as to make mud. (TA.) A2: Also A certain disease in sheep or goats, (S, K,) like the سَعَف in the she-camel, in consequence of which the hair of the خُرْطُوم [i. e. nose, or fore part of the nose,] and that of the eyes fall off. (S.) b2: And [A colour such as is termed] زَرَق [q. v.] in the eye of a horse, (K, TA,) together with whiteness thereof. (TA.) b3: See also غَرْبٌ, latter half, in five places.

غُرُبٌ: see غَرِيبٌ.

غَرْبَةٌ: see غَرْبٌ, former half, in three places.

غُرْبَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ غُرْبٌ (K) [as simple substs. The state, or condition, of a stranger or foreigner: but originally both are, app., inf. ns. of غَرُبَ, like قُرْبَةٌ and قُرْبٌ of قَرُبَ, signifying] the being far, or distant, from one's home, or native country; (K;) i. q. اِغْتِرَابٌ (S, K) and تَغَرُّبٌ. (K.) A2: Also, the former, Pure, or unmixed, whiteness. (IAar, TA.) [See مُغْرَبٌ.]

غَرْبِىٌّ [Of, or relating to, the west, or place of sunset; western]: see غَارِبٌ. b2: [Also,] applied to trees (شَجَرٌ), Smitten, or affected, by the sun at the time of its setting. (K.) [Respecting the meaning of its fem. in the Kur xxiv. 35, see شَرْقِىٌّ.]

A2: And A sort of dates: (K:) but accord. to AHn, the word is غُرَابِىٌّ [q. v.]. (TA.) b2: And The [sort of] نَبِيذ that is termed فَضِيخ [i. e. a beverage made from crushed unripe dates without being put upon the fire]: (K, TA:) or [a beverage] prepared only from fresh ripe dates; the drinker of which ceases not to possess selfrestraint as long as the wind does not blow upon him; but if he goes forth into the air, and the wind blows upon him, his reason departs: wherefore one of its drinkers says, إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ غَرْبِيُّكُمْ جَيِّدًا فَنَحْنُ بِاللّٰهِ وَبِالرِّيحِ

[If your gharbee be not excellent, we (put our trust) in God and in the wind]. (AHn, TA.) b3: And A certain red صِبْغ [i. e. dye, or perhaps sauce, or fluid seasoning]. (K.) غَرْبِيبٌ One of the most excellent kinds of grapes; (K;) a sort of grapes growing at Et-Táïf, in-tensely black, of the most exceuent, and most delicate, and blackest, of grapes. (TA.) [See an ex. in a verse cited voce عَجِيبَةٌ.] b2: Applied to an old man, Intensely black [app. in the hair]: or whose hair does not become white, or hoary: (TA:) or, so applied, who blackens his white, or hoary, hair with dye: (K, TA:) occurring in a trad., in which it is said that God hates such an old man: pl. غَرَابِيبُ. (TA.) b3: أَسْوَدُ غِرْبِيبٌ means Intensely black: but if you say غَرَابِيبُ سُودٌ, you make the latter word a substitute for the former; because a word corroborative of one signifying a colour cannot precede; (S, K;) nor can the corroborative of any word: (Suh, MF:) or, accord. to Hr, غَرَابِيبُ سُودٌ [in the Kur xxxv.

25], relating to mountains, means Streaks having black rocks. (TA.) غُرَابٌ A certain black bird, (TA,) well known; (K, TA;) [the corvus, or crow;] of which there are several species; [namely, the raven, carrioncrow, rook, jackdaw, jay, magpie, &c.:] and it was used as a proper name, which, as is said in a trad., he [i. e. Mohammad] changed, because the word implies the meaning of distance, and because it is the name of a foul bird: (TA:) the pl. [of mult.] is غِرْبَانٌ (S, Msb, K) and غُرْبٌ (K) and (of pauc., S) أَغْرِبَةٌ (S, Msb, K) and أَغْرُبٌ; (Msb, K;) and pl. pl. غَرَابِينُ. (K.) When the Arabs characterize a land as fertile, they say, وَقَعَ فِى أَرْضٍ لَا يُطَيَّرُ غُرَابُهَا (tropical:) [He lighted upon a land of which the crow will not be made to fly away; because of its abundant herbage: see also طَيَّرَ]: and وَجَدَ ثَمَرَةَ الغُرَابِ (assumed tropical:) [He found the fruit of the crow]; because that bird seeks after and chooses the most excellent of fruits. (TA.) They also say, طَارَ غُرَابُ فُلَانٍ (tropical:) [The crow of such a one flew away], meaning the head of such a one became white, or hoary. (A, TA. [See also a similar phrase below.]) Also, فُلَانٌ أَبْصَرُ مِنْ غُرَابٍ [Such a one is more sharp-sighted than a crow]: and أَحْذَرُ [more cautious]: and أَزْهَى

[more proud]: and أَشْأَمُ [more inauspicious]: &c.: they say that this bird is more inauspicious than any other inauspicious thing upon the earth. (TA.) In the phrase ↓ غُرَابٌ غَارِبٌ, the epithet is added to give intensiveness to the signification. (TA.) غُرَابُ البَيْنِ has been expl. in art. بين. b2: الغُرَابُ is the name of (assumed tropical:) One of the southern constellations, [i. e. Corvus,] consisting of seven stars [in the enumeration of Ptolemy], behind البَاطِيَة [which is Crater], to the south of السِّمَاكُ الأَعْزَلُ [i. e. Spica Virginis]. (Kzw.) b3: أَغْرِبَةُ العَرَبِ is an appellation of (assumed tropical:) The blacks [lit. crows] of the Arabs; the black Arabs: (K, TA:) likened to the birds called اغربة, in respect of their complexion: (TA:) in all of them the blackness was derived from their mothers. (MF, TA.) The أَغْرِبَة in the Time of Ignorance were 'Antarah and Khufáf Ibn-Nudbeh (asserted to have been a Mukhadram, TA) and Aboo-'Omeyr Ibn-El- Hobáb and Suleyk Ibn-Es-Sulakeh (a famous runner, TA) and Hishám Ibn-'Okbeh-Ibn-AbeeMo'eyt; but this last was a Mukhadram: and those among the Islámees, 'Abd-Allah Ibn-Khá- zim and 'Omeyr Ibn-Abee-'Omeyr and Hemmám [in the CK Humám] Ibn-Mutarrif and Munteshir Ibn-Wahb and Matar Ibn-Abee-Owfà and Taäbbata-Sharrà and Esh-Shenfarà and Hájiz; to the last of whom is given no appellation of the kind called “ nisbeh,” (K, TA,) in relation to father, mother, tribe, or place. (TA.) b4: رِجْلُ الغُرَابِ signifies (assumed tropical:) A certain herb, called in the language of the Barbar إِطْرِيلَال, (K, TA,) and in the present day زِرُّ الأَخِلَّةِ, (MF,) resembling the شِبِثّ [q. v., variously written in different copies of the K,] in its stem and in its جُمَّة [or node whence the flower grows] and in its lower part, or root, except that its flower is white, and it forms grains like those of the مَقْدُونِس [app. scandix cerefolium or apium petroselinum], (K, TA,) nearly: (TA:) a drachm of its seeds, bruised, and mixed with honey (K, TA) deprived of its froth, (TA,) is a tried medicine for eradicating [the species of leprosy which are called] the بَرَص and the بَهَق, being drunk; and sometimes is added to it a quarter of a drachm of عَاقِرْ قَرْحَا, (K, TA,) which is [commonly] known by the name of عود القرح [i. e. عُودُ القَرْحِ, both of these being names now applied to pyrethrum, i. e. pellitory of Spain, but the latter, accord. to Forskål (Flora Ægypt. Arab. p. cxix.), applied in El-Yemen to the cacalia sonchifolia, or to a species of senecio]; (TA;) the patient sitting in a hot sun, with the diseased parts uncovered: (K, TA:) [see also رِجْلٌ: now applied to the chelidonium hybridum of Linn., chelidonium dodecandrum of Forsk.: (Delile's Floræ Ægypt. Illustr. no. 502:) in Bocthor's Dict. Français-Arabe, both the names of رجل الغراب and اطريلال are given to the plants called cerfeuil (or chervil) and corne de cerf (or buck'shorn plantain, also called coronopus).] b5: Also (i. e. رِجْلُ الغُرَابِ) A certain mode of binding the udder of a camel, (S, K,) tightly, (S,) so that the young one cannot suck; (K;) nor will it undo. (TA.) [Hence] one says, صُرَّ عَلَيْهِ رِجْلُ الغُرَابِ, meaning (tropical:) The affair was, or became, difficult, or strait, to him: (A, * K:) or his life, or subsistence, was, or became, so. (TA.) [And in like manner one says also أَصَرَّ, accord. to the TA: but this I think doubtful; believing that أَصَرَّ is a mistranscription for صَرَّ, meaning that one says also صَرَّ عَلَيْهِ رِجْلَ الغُرَابِ i. e. He bound him with a bond not to be undone, or that would not undo; or he straitened him. See, again, رِجْلٌ; and a verse there cited as an ex.]

A2: الغُرَابَانِ signifies The two lower extremities of the two hips, or haunches, that are next to the upper parts of the thighs: (K, TA:) or the heads, and highest parts, of the hips, or haunches: (TA:) or two thin bones, lower than what is called the فَرَاشَة [or, app., فَرَاش, q. v.]: (K, TA:) or, in a horse and in a camel, the two extremities of the haunches, namely, their two edges, on the left and right, that are above the tail, at the junction of the head of the haunch, (As, S, TA,) where the upper parts of the haunch, on the right and left, meet: (TA:) or the two extremities of the haunch that are behind the قَطَاة [or fore part of the croup]: (IAar, TA:) pl. غِرْبَانٌ: Dhu-r-Rummeh says, referring to camels, تَقَوَّبَ عَنْ غِرْبَانِ أَوْرَاكِهَا الخَطْرُ meaning تَقَوَّبَتْ غِرْبَانُهَا عَنِ الخَطْرِ [The prominences of their haunches were excoriated from the lashing with the tails], the phrase being inverted, for the meaning is known; (S in this art.;) or تَقَوَّبَ may be for قَوَّبَ [i. e. the saying means the lashing with the tails excoriated the prominences of the haunches]: (S in art. خطر:) or غِرْبَانٌ signifies the haunches themselves, of camels: and is employed [by a synecdoche] to signify camels [themselves]: (IAar, TA:) and [the sing.] غُرَابٌ is also expl. as meaning the extremity of the haunch that is next the back. (L, TA.) b2: غُرَابٌ signifies also The whole of the back of the head. (K, TA.) You say, شَابَ غُرَابُهُ The hair of the whole of the back of his head became white, or hoary. (TA. [See a similar phrase above in this paragraph.]) b3: See also غُرْبٌ, former half, in two places.

A3: And A bunch of بَرِير [or fruit of the أَرَاك, q. v.]: (K:) or a black bunch thereof: pl. غِرْبَانٌ: (TA:) or غِرْبَانُ البَرِيرِ signifies the ripe fruit of the أَرَاك. (S.) A4: And Hail, and snow, (K, TA,) and hoar-frost: from مُغْرَبٌ signifying the “ dawn; ” because of their whiteness. (TA.) غُرُوبٌ pl. of غَرْبٌ [q. v.]. b2: [Golius assigns to it the meaning of وِهَادٌ, which he renders “ Depressiores terræ; ” as on the authority of J: but I do not find this in the S.]

غَرِيبٌ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ غُرُبٌ (S, K) and ↓ غَرِيبِىٌّ (AA, TA) signify the same, (S, K, TA,) [A stranger, or foreigner;] one far, or distant, from his home, or native country; (Msb;) a man not of one's own people: (TA:) a man not of one's own kindred; an alien with respect to kindred; (S in explanation of the first;) pl. of the first غُرَبَآءُ; (S, TA;) and غُرْبٌ [also] is a pl. of غَرِيبٌ, like as قُرْبٌ is of قَرِيبٌ: (TA in art. زلف:) fem. of the first غَرِيبَةٌ; pl. غَرَائِبُ. (L, TA.) أَذَاعَتْ غَزْلَهَا فِى الغَرَائِبِ, a phrase used by a poet, means She distributed her thread among the strange women: for most of the women who spin for hire are strangers. (L, TA.) And one says وَجْهٌ كَمِرْآةِ الغَرِيبَةِ [A face like the mirror of her who is a stranger]: because, the غَرِيبَة being among such as are not her own people, her mirror is always polished; for she has none to give her a sincere opinion respecting her face. (A.) and لَأَضْرِبَنَّكُمْ ضَرْبَ غَرِيبَةِ الإِبِلِ (tropical:) [I will assuredly beat you with the beating of the strange one of the camels] is a saying of El-Hajjáj threatening the subjects of his government; meaning, as a strange camel, intruding among others when they come to water, is beaten and driven away. (IAth, TA.) And [hence] قِدْحٌ غَرِيبٌ means (assumed tropical:) [An arrow, without feathers or head,] such as is not of the same trees whereof are the rest of the arrows. (TA.) b2: غَرِيبٌ signifies also Language that is strange; [unusual, extraordinary, or unfamiliar;] far from being intelligible; difficult to be understood; or obscure. (Msb, TA.) Hence, مُصَنَّفُ الغَرِيبِ [The composition on the subject of the strange kind of words &c.]. (A, TA.) [Hence also الغَرِيبَانِ The two classes of strange words &c., namely, those occurring in the Kur-án, and those of the Traditions.] And كَلِمَةٌ غَرِيبَةٌ A word, or an expression, that is [strange, &c., or] obscure: (A, TA:) غَرِيبَةٌ applied to a word [and often used as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant] is opposed to فَصِيحَةٌ: and its pl. is غَرَائِبُ. (Mz 13th نوع.) b3: [And hence it often signifies Improbable.] b4: Applied to a trad., it means Traced up uninterruptedly to the Apostle of God, but related by only one person. of the تَابِعُونَ or of those termed أَتْبَاعُ التَّابِعِينَ or of those termed أَتْبَاعُ أَتْبَاعِ التَّابِعِينَ. (KT.) A2: [The fem.] غَرِيبَةٌ, in a verse of Aboo-Kebeer El-Hudhalee, as some relate it, is expl. by Skr as meaning Black; syn. سَوْدَآءُ. (TA voce عَزِيزَةُ [q. v. It is perhaps used by poetic license for غِرْبِيبَةٌ, fem. of غِرْبِيبٌ.]) غَرِيبَةٌ fem. of غَرِيبٌ [q. v.] b2: [Hence, as a subst.,] الغَرِيبَةُ signifies (tropical:) The hand-mill: so called because the neighbours borrow it, (A, K, TA.) and thus it does not remain with its owners. (A, TA.) غُرَابِىٌّ A sort of dates. (AHn, K, TA. [See also غَرْبِىٌّ.]) In some copies of the K, for تمر is put ثمر: the former is the right. (TA.) غَرِيبِىٌّ: see غَرِيبٌ.

غَارِبٌ [The western side of a mountain &c.]. You say, هٰذَا غَارِبُ الجَبَلِ and ↓ غَرْبِيُّهُ [This is the western side of the mountain], and [in the opposite sense] هذا شَارِقُ الجَبَلِ and شَرْقِيُّهُ. (TA in art. شرق.) A2: Also The كَاهِل [or withers], (A, K, TA,) of the camel; (TA;) or the part between the hump and the neck; (S, A, Msb, K, TA;) upon which the leading-rope is thrown when the camel is sent to pasture where he will: (Msb:) pl. غَوَارِبُ. (Msb, K.) b2: Hence the saying, (S, &c.,) حَبْلُكِ عَلَى غَارِبِكِ [Thy rope is upon thy withers]; (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K, TA;) used (Msb, TA) by the Arabs in the Time of Ignorance (TA) in divorcing; (Msb, TA;) meaning (tropical:) I have left thy way free, or open, to thee; (TA;) go whithersoever thou wilt: (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K, TA:) originating from the fact of throwing a she-camel's leading-rope upon her withers, if it is upon her, when she pastures; for when she sees the leading-rope, nothing is productive of enjoyment to her. (As, S, TA.) b3: الغَارِبَانِ signifies The fore and kind parts of the back [and of the hump]: and بَعِيرٌ ذُو غَارِبَيْنِ, A camel whereof the part between the غاربان [or fore and kind parts] of the hump is cleft; which is mostly the case in the بَخَاتِىّ, whose sire is the فَالِج [or large twohumped camel of Es-Sind] and his dam Arabian. (TA.) b4: And غَارِبٌ signifies also The fore part of the hump: thus in the following saying, in a trad. of Ez-Zubeyr: فَمَا زَالَ يَفْتِلُ فِى الذِّرْوَةِ وَالغَارِبِ حَتَّى أَجَابَتْهُ عَائِشَةُ إِلَى الخُرُوجِ i. e. (assumed tropical:) [And he ceased not to twist the fur of] the upper part and the fore part of the hump [until 'Áïsheh gave him her consent to go forth]; meaning, he ceased not to practise guile with her, and to wheedle her, until she gave hun her consent: originating from the fact that, when a man desires to render a refractory camel tractable, and to attach to him the nose-rein, he passes his hand over him, and strokes his غارب, and twists its fur, until he has become familiar: (L, TA:) or غَارِبٌ signifies the upper portion of the fore part of the hump. (Lth, TA.) b5: Also (tropical:) The upper part of a wave: (Lth, TA:) غَوَارِبُ المَآءِ means (tropical:) the higher parts of the waves of water; (S, K, TA;) likened to the غوارب of camels: (S, TA:) or the higher parts of water. (TA.) b6: And (assumed tropical:) The highest part of anything. (Msb, TA.) A3: See also غُرَابٌ, first quarter.

مَغْرِبٌ and مَغْرَبٌ: see غَرْبٌ, first quarter, in four. places. You say, لَقِيتُهُ مَغْرِبَ الشَّمْسِ (K, TA) and ↓ مَغْرِبَانَهَا (K, * TA) and مَغْرِبَانَاتِهَا (TA) and ↓ مُغَيْرِبَانَهَا (S, K) and مُغَيْرِبَانَاتِهَا (S, * K) I met, or found, him, or it, at sunset. (K, TA.) [It is said that] ↓ مُغَيْرِبَانٌ is a dim. formed from a word other than that which is its proper source of derivation; being as though formed from ↓ مَغْرِبَانٌ. (S, L. [Hence it seems that this last word as given above was unknown to, or not admitted by, the authors of these two works.]) b2: مَغْرِبٌ signifies also Anything [meaning any place] that conceals, veils, or covers, one: pl. مَغَارِبُ, which is applied to the lucking-places of wild animals. (Az, TA.) مُغْرَبٌ: see 4, latter half. b2: Also White; (S, K;) as an epithet applied to anything: or that of which every partis white; and this is the ugliest kind of whiteness. (K.) And White in the edges of the eyelids; (S, K;) as an epithet applied to anything: (S:) a camel of which the edges of the eyelids, and the iris of each eye, and the hair of the tail, and every part, are white: (IAar, TA:) and a horse of which the blaze upon his face extends beyond his eyes. (TA.) And عَيْنٌ مُغْرَبَةٌ An eye which is blue [or gray], and of which the edges of the lids, and the surrounding parts, are white: when the iris also is white, the ↓ إِغْرَاب is of the utmost degree. (TA.) b3: Also The dawn of day: (K, TA:) so called because of its whiteness. (TA.) عَنْقَآءُ مُغْرِبٌ (A, K) and مُغْرِبَةٌ and مُغْرِبٍ, and العَنقَآءُ المُغْرِبُ, (K,) A certain bird, of which the name is known, but the body is unknown: (A, K:) or a certain great bird, that goes far in its flight or they are words having no meaning [except the meanings here following]. (A, L, K.) [See also art. عنق.] b2: Calamity, or misfortune. (K.) طَارَتْ بِهِ عَنْقَآءُ مُغْرِبٌ means Calamity, or misfortune, carried him off, or away. (TA.) [See, again, art. عنق.] b3: And The summit of an [eminence of the kind called] أَكَمَة: (K:) or العَنْقَآءُ المُغْرِبُ signifies the summit of an أَكَمَة on the highest part of a tall, or long, mountain so says Aboo-Málik, who denies that it means a bird. (TA.) b4: And [The people, or the woman,] that has gone far into a land, or country, so as not to be perceived nor seen: (K:) thus is expl. in the T العَنْقَآءُ المُغْرِبُ, as transmitted from the Arabs, with the ة suppressed in like manner as it is in لِحْيَةٌ نَاصِلٌ meaning “ an intensely white beard. ” (TA.) مَغْرِبَانٌ; pl. مَغْرِبَانَاتٌ: see غَرْبٌ, first quarter: and see also مَغْرِبٌ, in two places.

مَغْرِبِىٌّ and مَغْرَبِىٌّ, or, accord. to some, the former only, but the latter is now common, Of the west; western: now generally meaning of the part of Northern Africa west of Egypt or of North-Western Africa: as applied to a man, its pl. is مَغَارِبَةٌ.]

شَأْوٌ مُغَرِّبٌ and مُغَرَّبٌ [A term, or limit, &c.,] distant, or remote. (S.) b2: And خَيَرٌ مُغَرِّبٌ Fresh, or recent, information, or news, from a foreign, or strange, land or country. (TA.) One says, هَلْ جَآءَكُمْ مُغَرِّبَةُ خَبَرٍ Has any information, or news, come to you from a foreign, or strange, land or country? (Yaakoob, S, TA:) and هَلْ مِنْ مُغَرِّبَةِ خَبَرٍ (A'Obeyd, A, Msb, TA) and مُغَرَّبَةِ خَبَرٍ (A'Obeyd, Msb, TA) Is there any information from a distant place? (A;) or any occasion of such information? (Msb;) or any new information from a distant land or country? or, accord. to Th, مغرّبة خبر means new, or recent, information. (TA.) [See an ex. voce جُنُبٌ: and see also مُقَرِّبٌ.] b3: المُغَرِّبُونَ, mentioned in a trad., (Hr, Nh, K, TA,) in which it is said, إِنَّ فِيكُمْ مُغَرِّبِينَ, (Hr, Nh, TA,) is expl. [app. by Mohammad] as meaning Those in whom the jinn [or demons] have a partnership, or share: so called because a foreign strain has entered into them, or because of their coming from a remote stock: (Hr, Nh, K, TA:) and by the jinn's having a partnership, or share, in them, is said to be meant their bidding them to commit adultery, or fornication, and making this to seem good to them; so that their children are unlawfully begotten: this expression being similar to one in the Kur xvii. 66. (Nh, TA.) b4: And مُغَرِّبٌ signifies also One going, or who goes, to, or towards, the west. (S.) [See an ex. voce مُشَرِّقٌ.]

مُغَيْرِبَانٌ; pl. مُغَيْرِبَانَاتٌ: see مَغْرِبٌ, in two places.

مُسْتَغْرِبٌ: see 4, former half.

كسر

كَسَرَ(n. ac. كَسْر)
a. Broke; broke off.
b. [acc. & 'Ala], Divided into ( chapters: book ).
c. Routed, defeated.
d. Subdued; humbled, abased.
e. [acc.
or
Min], Abated; quenched, allayed (thirst).
f. Sold by retail (goods).
g. Marked, pronounced with Kasra ( consonant).
h. [acc. & 'An], Turned, diverted from.
i. Folded, doubled (cushion); contorted (
tail ).
j. Wrinkled, contracted (eyelids); blinked
made to blink (eye).
k.(n. ac. كُسُوْر), Folded ( its wings ); glided down (
bird ).
l. [ coll. ], Annulled (
will ).
m. [pass.], Fell, dropped (wind).
n. see VII (e)
كَسَّرَa. Broke into pieces, smashed; crushed; wrecked.
b. Divided into fractions (number).
c. Used a broken form of ( a word ).
d. Crimped (hair).
e. Made languid.
f. ['Ala] [ coll. ], Civilized
refined.
g. [Fī] [ coll. ], Pronounced badly.

كَاْسَرَa. see I (j)
تَكَسَّرَa. Was broken, smashed; was divided, split up.
b. Was rippled (water); was crimped (
hair ); was wrinkled, creased, puckered; was
folded; was contracted.
c. Was languid; affected languor.
d. [ coll. ], Was civilized
refined.
إِنْكَسَرَa. Broke; became broken.
b. Was routed, defeated; was subdued, humbled.
c. [An], Was unable to do.
d. Remitted, flagged; became languishing (
look ).
e. Became abated, allayed; lessened; diminished
fell.
f. Became soft (dough).
g. Was creased, folded &c.
h. Failed, became bankrupt.

إِكْتَسَرَa. see I (a)
كَسْرa. Rupture; fracture; breakage.
b. (pl.
كُسُوْر & كُسُوْرَات )
Fraction.
c. Crease, wrinkle, ply, plait, fold.
c. see 1t (a) & 2
(a), (b).
كَسْرَةa. Kasra ( كَسِرَ) ( vowel point ).
b. (pl.
كَسَرَات), Fracture.
c. Defeat, overthrow, rout.

كَسْرَىa. see 2ya
كِسْر
(pl.
كُسُوْر أَكْسَاْر)
a. Limb; part of a limb; bone.
b. Side; side-wall; flap ( of a tent ).
c. Large (vessel).
كِسْرَة
(pl.
كِسَر كِسَْرَات )
a. Piece, portion, fragment, morsel.

كِسْرَى
(pl.
كُسُوْر
أَكَاْسِرُ
أَكَاْسِرَة
37t
&
a. كَسَاسِرَة ), Chosroes, title of
the Persian kings.
مَكْسِر
(pl.
مَكَاْسِرُ)
a. Broken place; breakage; fracture; breach.
b. Side, opening ( in a canal ).
c. Stock, race, origin.
d. Lumber.

كَاْسِر
(pl.
كُسَّر)
a. Breaking; breaker, smasher.
b. Folding, doubling.
c. [art.], The eagle.
كَاْسِرَة
(pl.
كُسَّر
كَوَاْسِرُ
41)
a. fem. of
كَاْسِر
كُسَاْرa. Fragments.

كُسَاْرَةa. see 24b. [ coll. ], Freshly ploughed
earth.
كَسِيْر
(pl.
كَسْرَى
1ya
كَسَاْرَى)
a. Broken.
b. Brokenlegged.

كَسِيْرَةa. fem. of
كَسِيْر
كُسُوْرa. Windings; ravines ( of a valley ).

كَسَّاْرa. Breaker, smasher.

إِكْسِيْرa. Philosopher's stone; elixir.

كَوَاْسِرُ
a. [art.], Plungers ( camels that break their
harness ).
N. P.
كَسڤرَa. Broken.
b. Defeated, routed.
c. Bankrupt.
d. Marked with a Kasra ( كَسِرَ) (consonant).
N. P.
كَسَّرَa. Broken, smashed.
b. Rough, uneven, rugged; intersected by torrents (
valley ).
c. [ coll. ], Broken in; civilized.

N. Ac.
إِنْكَسَرَa. Defeat, overthrow, rout.
b. Bankruptcy, failure, insolvency.

جَمْع التَّكْسِيْر
جَمْع مُكَسَّر
a. Broken plural ( irregular plur. ).

مُكَاسِرِيّ
a. Adjoining; next door; next-door ( neighbour).
رَأَيْتَةُ مُنْكَسِرًا
a. I saw him in a languid state.

كَاْسَرَ

كَاسَرَهُ فِى البَيْع
a. [ coll. ], He beat him down in
price.
كَسْطَال كَسْطَل
a. Dust.

كسر: كسر: حطم، هشّم. وكسر فلان الوصية نقضها وخالفها (محيط المحيط ص780).
كسر قلب فلان: (معجم البلاذري، معجم الطرائف، بدورن 10: 151). كسر خاطره: أحزنه وأشجاه وآلمه كسر الخاطر أو القلب كدَّره وأغمَّه وفتته.
كسر: خفّض، انقض، أنزل، قهر كبرياءه؛ كسر نفسه ردعه من زهوه وتبجحه (بوشر، كوسج، كرست 17، 12 كسر نفسه لها).
كسر: قاطع، أوقف، أخَّر (مملوك 2، 2، 51 معجم البلاذري) كسر الشيء على فلان: حبس ماله واحتجزه.
كسر: نقد، لاَمَ، استهجن. ورد عند (محمد بن الحارث ص279): فعاب عليه فعله وكسر رأيه فانصرف القاضي عن رأيه.
كسر على: (البيان 2، 78 وأماري 186، 8): أراد الخروج مع أسد فشاور في ذلك سحنون فكسر عليه وقال له لا تفعل.
كسر عن: ... غيَّر من فلان رأيه ونحو ذلك كسره عن مراده= صرفه ويقال في المحاكم كسر الحاكمُ التاجرَ حكم بإفلاسه (محيط المحيط ص780).
كسر: يبدو إنها تعني استدار مقبلاً من زاوية (رياض النفوس 92: بينما هو يوماً يوذن مرَّ بقريه أحد الأشخاص وكان يروم هتك عرض أحد الصبيان فاستنجد به الصبيّ فصرخ بالرجل دعه يا فاسق إلا أن هذا شمته وهدده بخنجره؛ فدعا المؤذن ربه أن يقتله في الحال؛ فما هو إلا ان كسر ركن المسجد وإذا بالصبي قد أقبل ليقول له المعتدي قد قُتِل.
كسر: بذّر المال (هذا ما يبدو من العبارة التي وردت في السطر الثاني من الفصل التاسع ص355 من ألف ليلة وليلة). كسر أنفه: ضربه على أنفه وأذلّه (مجازاً).
كسر على جفنه: طرف بعينه (الأغلب 62): ولم يكن أحول وإنما كان يكسر على جفنه إذا نظر.
كسر حاجيبه: أشار بطرف عينه إشارة الاستحسان (فوك).
كسر حدَّة: أضعف مفعول الشيء. خفف ملوحته (بوشر).
كسر خليج القاهرة: قطع سد القنال الذي يحيط بالقاهرة وقت الفيضان الموسمي للنيل (كوسج. كرست 121، 4).
كسر شهوته: أرضى شهيته، وأشبعها. (رياض النفوس99): أراد من خادمه أن يشتري له توابل للغسانية بدينارين فقال له يشتري له توابل للغسانية بدينارين فقال له الخادم هذا مبلغ كبير يكفر 300 شخص، وأنت إنما تكسر شهوتك على رُبع مُدّ ورُبع قفيز عسل الخ. إن تعبير كسر الصفرة يعني كسر أول الشهية للطعام أو كسر حدّة الجوع (باسم 78): حين قدم الحلواني المرطبات لباسم قال له: اشتهى أنك تنظر وتكسر الصفرة عندنا بين ما نعمل الغدا عند السرائجي.
كسر كعب حذائه: يبدو إنها تعني أبلي كعب حذائه (بالسير) أو ثنى من الداخل الجوانب العليا من الحذاء. (أنظرها في مادة كعب).
يقال خف بكَسْر: خف مكسور وخف مكسّر (معجم جغرافيا).
كسر على: ألغى، أزال، أبطل. (اللطائف. الثعالبي 115، 2) وقد كسر محمد - على ذكر منافعه أسيئت ترجمتها في المعجم).
كسر على: مكث أمام (مدينة) (حيان 86): إلى أن احتل مدينة اشبيلية- فكسر عليها يومين وبان له امتناع أهلها.
كسّر رأسه: شجَّ رأسه، ثابر بشدة على الدراسة (بوشر).
كسَّر: قتل (مارجريت 25): (الأسد كسر ثوري= قتله).
كسّر: جعّد، قبّض، قلّص، شنّج (فوك) وباللاتينية cincinni يقصد cincinnatus أجعد مفتول مُكسّر.
مكسر: حين تستعمل الكلمة بصيغة المبني للمجهول فهي تعني أثداء المرأة التدالية الرخوة (بوسييه، تاريخ العرب، الجزء الثامن) (مادة مكسور).
كسّر: ردَّ أرجعَ، وفي (محيط المحيط ص780) وكسّرت المرآة النور.
كسّر: قاس، مسح (أرضاً) ذرع (كوليوس، فوك، ألكالا، بكري 25، 42، الادريسي، كليم، 1، القسم السابع تكسيرها ألف ميل ومائتا ميل كليم 3 القسم الخامس وتكسير هذه الغيضة 12 ميلاً في مثلها رحلة ابن جبير 88، 2، ياقوت 19:1، 17، 29، 20، 30، 31، 522، 21، كرتاس 37، 2، 38، 1، 129، 4، وما تلاه معجم البيان 14، 8) يجب أن لا نحدث تغييراً فيه) وانظره أيضاً في مادة مرجع؛ والمعجم اللاتيني يضع أمام الكلمة مرادفها اللاتيني Artimetica علم التكسير والحساب، والمساحة والمهندس والمساح مكسّر (ويطلق ألكالا عليه مُكَسّر Medidor de la tierre) .
كسّر: حدد مساحة الشكل الهندسي (معجم المارودي).
كسّر على أنظر في معجم (فوك) في مادة ( astucia) .
كاسَر: المضاربة (في خفض الأسعار) في السوق (وفي محيط المحيط ص780): وكاسره في البيع مكاسرة طلبي منه نقص الثمن. (مولّدة).
كاسر: (في الفصل الحادي عشر، 46، 4 دي ساسي دبلوماسية) أقسَمَ سفير جنوة قائلاً ... ولا على إنه بقيَ لهم شيء عند أحد من الجنوية وأخفيته وكاسرت عنه وقد ترجمها الناشر (لم أخفَ شيئاً ولم أطرح شيئاً).
متكسّر: أنظر فيما تقدم جعّد وكّرش وقلّص (الادريسي 60، 6).
متكسّر: منعكس (محيط المحيط).
منكسّر: غريق (رين دبلوماسية: 117، 2 وأي جفن تكسّر أو رمت به الريح أو البحر .. الخ).
متكسّر: متخدّر، فاتر الهمة، مسترخ؛ وفي (محيط المحيط ص780) (التكسّر عند الأطباء حالة يجد الإنسان فيها اختلافاً في البرد ونخساً في الجلد والعضل) أي إن (محيط المحيط) يميّز المخبول عن المتكسّر من كثرة النوم.
انكسار: صاحب القلب الكسير، الأسيف (معجم البلاذري) (معجم الطرائف) (أخبار 86، 1) (وصف مصر 14/ 198): الذي أتى بانكسارٍ لباب الكريم وعند بوشر انكسر خاطره.
انكسر: وقع، سقط، انهار، انطرح، ارتمى وذلك عند الحديث عن جَمَلٍ حمّلوه أكثر مما يجب (بركهارت أمثال رقم 17).
انكسر: انقطع، توقف، كفَّ عن، توقف عن؛ ففي (محمد بن حيان ص296): فوبخه الناس وقالوا قد أنصفك إذ وكل مَنْ يناظرك فانكسر وفي (ص320): ففعلت ما دلّني عليه ابن لبابه له ما قال لي فانكسر عند ذلك ورجع عما كرهت.
وفي (ص341): وقد أتته امرأة تخاصم زوجها فاستطالت عليه بلسانها وآذته بصلفها فنظر إليها وقال لها اقصري وإلا عاقبتك فانكسرت المرأة شيئاً ثم عاودت الصلف.
انكسر: توقف، انقطع، تأخَّر. انكسر عليه مال وتعني استحق عليه دفع مبلغ من المال (مملوك 2، 52) وكذلك مثل انكسر له مال أي استحق له مبلغ من المال. ففي (رياض النفوس 94): متولي أخبار سوسة أو مستأجر هذه الأحبار: قيل إنه انكسر عليه من جملة الكرا مال فأدى ذلك من ماله ولم يضطر السكّان إلى الغرم رقة منه عليهم.
انكسر: انتهى: توقف (معجم الثعالبي- لطائف، معجم البلاذري).
انكسر: حين ينكسر شيء، قضاء وقدراً، يقال انكسر الشر يريدون بذلك إن الشيء التافه الذي انكسر قد منع حدثاً أكبر وأخطر منه بكثير (بوشر).
انكسر: غرق (أماري 346، 5، 347، 2؛ دي ساسي دبلوماسية 9، 468 أماري أيضاً 3، 1).
انكسر: تستعمل عند وصف أثداء المرأة الرخوة المتهدلة. (بكري 158، 3).
انكسر: انهار، أفلس (بوشر، همبرت 105، محيط المحيط وفيه انكسر التاجر أفلس. والعسكر غلب وانهزم وتبدد فهو مكسور فيهما ولا يُقال منكسر؛ وفي (ألف ليلة 1، 121 برسل 9، 210، 250): انكسر عن ثمانمائة ألف غرش أي فلس عن ثمانمائة ألف قرش.
انكسر أنفه: تعني أن أنفه قد كُسر فإن استعملت مجازاً عنت فشل ولم تنجح (بوشر).
انكسرت السهام على الرؤوس: لم تنقسم انقساماً صحيحاً (محيط المحيط ص780 وهو مأخوذ من لكسر في الحساب) (محيط المحيط).
انكسار العين= كسر العين: رف، طرف (بعينه)، خلسة، غمز، أشار بطرف عينه (أنظر معجم مسلم).
كسر وجمعها كسور: كسر، فك كاسر، صادم، جزء مكسور، فصل، شق مَكْسر، مكان الكسر، شِقاق (بوشر). (محيط المحيط). كسر وجمعها كسور: شظية، الجزء من الخشب المكسور.
كسور وكسورات: (شولتز في فريتاج 35 ومعجم أبو الفداء) اصطلاح حسابي، كسر، (بوشر، بيروني 7، 1، 18 و10، 1، 7، ومقدمة ابن خلدون 3، 35، 16) ويقال يوماً وكسراً أي أكثر من يوم ويقال قيراطا إلا كسراً .. الخ معجم الادريسي.
كسر: أول حراثة في الأرض (ابن العوام 2، 9، 1، 18).
كسر: إبطال التأثير، تحييد، محايدة. (بوشر).
كَسر: الكسر عن قراءة القرآن هو الإمالة المحضة (محيط المحيط ص780).
كَسر وكِسر: في مادة كسر البيت يُفهم إنه الجزء الأكثر خفاءً أو عزلة من البيت (مقدمة ابن خلدون جزء 3، 226، 4، المقري 2، 404): لزوم كسر بيته: آثر العزلة (ترجمة ابن خلدون بقلمه 197، 241 المقري 1، 897، 20؛ وكذلك قعد في كسر بيته (المقري 1، 699، 17). رفع له كسر البيت: هيأ له ملجأ وحمى (البربرية 2، 342، 5).
كَسرة: وجمعها كسرات وكسور: فضلة، فتات الخبز؛ وفي هذا المعنى كان الجمع لدى (المقري) كسوراً (2، 929، 7).
كسرة: إفلاس، كسرة تاجر (بوشر، همبرت 105).
رجل ذو كسرات وهدرات: أي يغبن في كل شيء (محيط المحيط ص780).
كسرى والجمع كسور: نقود ملوك المجوس مثل قولنا لويس (من الذهب) ونابليون (من الذهب) (معجم المارودي).
كَسري: عدد كسري، ذو كسور (بوشر).
الكسر جوز والكسر لوز نوعان من أنواع العصافير (ياقوت 1، 885 الجزء الخامس).
كَسُور: الذي يكسر (ديوان الهذليين 245، 9).
كَسُور: وردت نعتاً لبغلة (في ألف ليلة رقم 1، 65).
كُسور: تكملة، تتمة، رصيد باق، مكمل لمبلغ من نقود صغير (بوشر).
كسير: مغلوب، مخذول (مملوك 1، 2، 273).
كُسارة: شق، فطر (ألف ليلة 1، 70، 12).
كسّار: كاسر؛ كسار الصوت، محارب الايقونات، عدو التقاليد (بوشر). كسّار وحدها أو كسار الحطب هو الحطّاب (بوشر).
كسّار الطواجن: سوسن (شيرب).
كسّار العظام: عقاب منسوري (ألكالا).
كاسر وجمعها كواسر: وهي الكواسر من الطير والمفترسة منها (بوشر) و (ألف ليلة 3، 449). طير كاسر: طير مفترس (بوشر).
كاسر: مصلح، مخفف، ملطف (بوشر).
كاسر الحجر: فصيلة من ذوات الفلقتين كثيرة التويجات (ابن البيطار 2، 339 وهو لدى بوشر كاسر وحدها).
إكسير: أصلها من الكلمة اليونانية اكسيروس وهو أصلاً عقار يابس يسحق ويمزج عليه اسم حجر الفلاسفة؛ وبالرغم من أن أصل الكلمة واشتقاقها يستعمل في تحضيرات بعض السوائل أي أن من الإكسير ما هو سائل أيضاً. (ينظر معجم فليشر ص70) و (زيشر 30، 536). فضة إكسير؟ (1، 370، 9 المقري).
إكسيرين: دواء مركَّب لعلاج الرمد (معجم المنصوري) ولم يكن (فوك) دقيقاً في كتابة الكلمة: إكسيريُن. أما (باين سميث فقد كتبها مرتين بفتح الراء ومرة واحدة بضم الياء).
تكسّر: عند الأطباء حالة يجد الإنسان فيها اختلافاً في البرد ونخساً في الجلد والعضل اختلافاً في البرد ونخساً في الجلد والعضل (محيط المحيط ص780).
تكسير: فصل، كسر، شق، وقشرة الأرض تقصّفها والجدار تشققه. (دوماس 425).
تكاسير الجلد: غضونة (معجم المنصوري في مادة غضون).
تكسير: مرونة الأعضاء (المقري 2، 163).
تكسير: وجع وتكسر في الجسد يطلق عليه الأطباء اسم الدعث والترصيم يصيب الإنسان والفرس يحدث فيه تيبساً وتقبضاً وهو ينشأ من تعب عظيم (بوشر).
تكسير: تبديل العملة بنقود أصغر منها (بوشر).
تكسير: التكسير عند المهندسين يستعمل بمعنى المساحة وعند أهل الجفر هو نوع من البسط، ويطلق على التحريف أيضاً، وعلم التكسير هو علم الجفر (محيط المحيط ص780).
تكسير: اصطلاح في علم أسرار الحروف (أنظر مقدمة ابن خلدون الجزء الثالث ص138 و147).
مَكْسر: صُلْب المكسِر: نوع راق (من الحنطة) (معجم الجغرافيا).
طيب المكسر: أي محمود عند الخبيرة (محيط المحيط) (وفي ديوان أبي تمام ورد في الهامش -مخطوطة 899 - ليّن الجانب للمعنى نفسه).
مكسر: اصطلاح عند النجارين. ولعلهم يقصدون به العرضة الخشبية التي تدعم السقف. وتعني أيضاً: جائزاً، رافدة، كمرة أو جسراً من الحديد؛ إن هذه الكلمة كُتبت (عند باين سميث 736) على هذه الشاكلة، أي مكسر. ثلاث مرات إلا أن المعنى نفسه اختلفت فيه التسمية في المواضع أخرى ففي ص1652 نجد المكنس والمكنجس وورد مرتين باسم المسكن وورد عند (بار علي ص4547) المكبس.
مكسَّر: كل ما هو أقل من العيار، إذا توخينا الدقة الحرفية في معنى هذه الكلمة أو ما هو أقل من الوزن النسبي للنقود ولكن في ال Transoxiane ( الدراهم) المكسّرة هي نوع من النقود (معجم الجغرافيا).
مكسّرات: اللوز والجوز المكسّر. (تبعاً لترجمة لألف ليلة وليلة الجزء الثالث، 215، برسل 1، 149، 4 المقري 1، 687، 13).
مكسور: حيث يراد حفظ الزيتون يقطف وهو أخضر ويضرب بالحجر الأملس أو بقطة خشبية إلى أن يتم هرسه فيسمى آنذاك الزيتون المكسور (ابن العوام) (1، 686، 3 - 6).
مكسور: عند الحديث عن الذهب أنظر معنى الكلمة سك في معناها الأول؛ (براكس، جريدة الشرق والجزائر) (ص342/ 6) يتطرق إلى وصف مزيل للشعر يدخل في صناعته كبريتور الذهب المكسور (إلى قطع).
مكسور: معزول وذلك عند الحديث عن قناة منقطعة لا تتصل بقناة أخرى أو بمجرى مائي آخر (معجم البلاذري).
مكسور: البضاعة أو الشيء الزهيد الثمن (ألف ليلة 9/ 199).
مكسور: مفلس، مشهر إفلاسه (بوشر، همبرت 106).
مكسور: غريق (وفي الأغلب سفينة غارقة) (دي ساسي دبلوماسية 11/ 43/9). نظر مكسور: نظرات متيّمة (بوشر).
انكسار: تواضع، خشوع، خضوع. (بوشر).
منكسر النفس: متواضع (بوشر).

كسر

1 كَسَرَهُ, (S, A, &c.,) aor. ـِ (Msb, K,) inf. n. كَسْرٌ; (Msb, TA;) and ↓ اكتسرهُ: (K;) [He broke it: or the latter signifies he broke it off: or it is similar to إِقْتَطَعَهُ and the like and signifies he broke it off for himself: for] you say مِنْهُ طَرَفًا ↓ اكتسرتُ [I broke off, or broke off for myself, from it, an extremity]. (A.) You say ↓ كَسَرْتُهُ انْكِسَارًا and إِنْكَسَرَ كَسْرًا, putting each of the inf. ns. in the place of the other, because of their agreement in meaning, not in respect of being trans. and intrans. (Sb, TA.) b2: كُسِرَ He had his leg broken; his leg broke. (Mgh.) b3: فُلَانٌ يَكْسِرُ عَلَيْكَ الفُوقَ, (A, K,) or الأَرْعَاظَ, (K,) or ↓ يُكَسِّرُ, (as in the CK, * and in a MS copy of the K, but we find the former reading in art. رعظ in the K,) [lit., Such a one breaks against thee the notch of the arrow, or the sockets of the arrow-heads: meaning,] (tropical:) such a one is angry with thee: (A, K:) or is vehemently angry with thee. (K, art. رعظ, in which see further explanations.) b4: [كُسِرَ بَيْنَهُمْ رُمْحٌ lit., A spear was broken among them: meaning, (assumed tropical:) a quarrel occurred among them. (Reiske, cited by Freytag, but whether from a classical author is not said; and explained by him as signifying Simultas inter eos intercessit.)] b5: كَسَرَ الكِتَابَ عَلَى عِدَّةِ أَبْوَابٍ وَفُصُولٍ (tropical:) [He divided the book, or writing, into a number of chapters and sections]. (A.) b6: كَسَرَ الشَّعْرَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. كَسْرٌ, (assumed tropical:) [He broke the measure of the poetry;] he did not make the measure of the poetry correct. (TA.) b7: كَسَرْتُ القَوْمَ, inf. n. as above, (assumed tropical:) I [broke, crushed, routed, or] defeated, the people or party. (Msb.) b8: كَسَرْتُ خَصْمِى (tropical:) [I defeated my adversary]. (A.) b9: [كَسَرَ نَفْسَهُ (assumed tropical:) He broke, or subdued, his spirit. b10: (assumed tropical:) He abased, or humbled, himself.] b11: كَسَرْتُ مِنْ سَوْرَتِهِ (tropical:) [I broke, or subdued, or abated, somewhat of his impetuosity, or violence, or tyranny, or anger]. (A.) b12: كَسَرَ حُمَيَّا الخَمْر بِالْمِزَاجِ (tropical:) [He broke, or subdued, or abated, the intoxicating influence of the wine by the mixture of water]. (A.) b13: كَسَرَ مِنْ بَرْدِ المَآءِ, and حَرِّهِ, aor. and inf. n. as above, (assumed tropical:) He abated, or allayed, somewhat of the coldness of the water, and its heat. (TA.) b14: اِكْسِرْ عَنَّا: see an ex. voce رُوبَةٌ. b15: [كَسَرَ العَطَشَ (assumed tropical:) It abated, or allayed, thirst.] b16: كَسَرَ مَتَاعَهُ (tropical:) He sold his goods by retail, one piece of cloth after another: (IAar, K:) because, [on the contrary,] wholesale makes them to find purchasers readily. (TA) b17: كَسَرْتُ الرَّجُلَ عَنْ مُرَادِهِ (assumed tropical:) I turned the man, averted him, or turned him back, from his desire. (Msb.) b18: يَكْسِرُ ذَنَبَهُ بَعْدَ مَا أَشَالَهُ [app. (assumed tropical:) He contorts his tail after raising it], said of a camel. (K.) b19: كَسَرَ الثَّوْبَ, and الجِلْدَ, (assumed tropical:) He folded, and he creased, the garment, or piece of cloth, and the skin. Ex. of the former signification, [in which the pronoun refers to a tent:] مِنْ حَيْثُ يُكْسَرُ جَانِبَاهُ [(assumed tropical:) Where its two sides are folded]. (S.) You say also كَسَرَ الوِسَادَ, meaning (tropical:) He folded, or doubled, the pillow, or cushion, and leaned, or reclined, upon it. (K.) See also كَاسِرٌ. b20: كَسَرَ جَفْنَهُ نَحْوَهُ (assumed tropical:) [He blinked, (lit. he wrinkled his eyelid) towards him]. (Mgh. art. غمز.) You say also, رِيحٌ حَارَّةٌ تَكْسِرُ العَيْنَ حَرًّا (assumed tropical:) [A hot wind, that makes the eye to blink, or contract and wrinkle the eyelids, by reason of heat]. (K, art. خوص.) And كَسَرَ عَيْنَهُ, (A,) and كَسَرَ مِنْ طَرْفِهِ, (K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) (tropical:) He contracted (غَضَّ, q. v.,) his eye, or eyes; [so as to wrinkle the lids; in which sense the former phrase is used in the present day:] (K:) and كَسَرَ عَلَى

طَرْفِهِ, accord. to Th, he contracted (غَضَّ) his eye, or eyes, somewhat: (TA:) [or perhaps عَلَى is here a mistake for عَلَىَّ, in which case we must read طَرْفَهُ, so that the meaning would be as above with the addition at me:] and ↓ مُكَاسَرَةُ العَيْنَيْنِ signifies المُغَاضَنَةُ [i. e. the contracting of the eyes so as to wrinkle the lids]. (S, K, in art. غضن.) b21: كَسَرَ الطَّائِرُ جَنَاحَيْهِ, (A, TA,) aor. ـِ inf. n. كَسْرٌ; (TA;) and كَسَرَ alone, (S, A, K,) inf. n. كَسْرٌ and كُسُورٌ, (K,) or in this case, when the wings are not mentioned, كُسُورٌ [only]; which shows that a verb, when its objective complement is forgotten [or suppressed], and the inf. n. [for الحَدِيثُ in my original I read الحَدَثُ] itself is desired [to be expressed], follows the way of an intrans. verb; (A;) [ for فُعُولٌ is by rule the measure of the inf. n. of an intrans. verb, of the measure فَعَلَ, such as قَعَدَ, inf n. قُعُودٌ, and جَلَسَ, inf. n. جُلُوسٌ, and فَعْلٌ of that of a trans. verb;] (tropical:) The bird contracted his wings, (S, A, K,) or contracted them somewhat, (TA,) so that he might descend in his flight, (S,) or in order to alight. (A, K.) b22: [كَسَرَ الحَرْفَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. كَسْرٌ, He pronounced the letter with the vowel termed kesr: and he marked the letter with the sign of that vowel. A conv. phrase of lexicology and grammar.]

A2: See also 7.2 كسّرهُ, (S, A, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَكْسِيرٌ, (Msb,) is with teshdeed to denote muchness [of the action] or multiplicity [of the objects] (S) [He broke it much, in pieces, or into many pieces: or many times, or repeatedly; or he broke it, meaning a number or collection of things.] b2: فُلَانٌ يُكَسِّرُ عَلَيْكَ الفُوقَ, or الأَرْعَاظَ: see 1. b3: [كسّرهُ also signifies He divided it (i. e. a number, and a measure,) into fractions.] b4: كسّرهُ الكَرَى (tropical:) [Drowsiness made him languid]. (A, TA in art. هيض.] b5: [كسّر شَعَرَهُ, inf. n. تَكْسِيرٌ, (assumed tropical:) He crimped his hair, see رَطَّلَ.]

A2: كسّر المَآءُ الوَادِى (tropical:) The water made [the كُسُور, i. e.,] the turnings, bendings, or windings, (مَعَاطِف,) of the valley, and the parts thereof eaten away by torrents, to flow with water. (Th.) 3 كَاْسَرَ see 1.5 تكّسر, (S, A, Msb, K,) quasi-pass. of 2, (Msb, K,) [It broke, or became broken, much, in pieces, or into many pieces; or many times, or repeatedly; or it (a number or collection of things) broke, or became broken.] b2: [Said of water, and of sand, (assumed tropical:) It became rippled by the wind. And of crisp hair, (assumed tropical:) It became crimped; or became rimpled, as though crimped. (In these senses it is used in the S in art. حبك, &c. See حِبَاكٌ.) Also said of the skin, (assumed tropical:) It became wrinkled: see تَغَضَّنَ. Said of a garment, or piece of cloth, and of a coat of mail, and skin, (assumed tropical:) It became folded, and it became creased, much, or in several, or many places. See an ex. below, voce كِسْرٌ.] b3: [And hence, as meaning, (assumed tropical:) It became contracted,] said also of the eye. (TA in art. خشع.) [See 1.] b4: [(tropical:) He was, or became, languid, or loose in the joints. And (assumed tropical:) He affected languor, or languidness: a very common signification.] You say, فِيهِ تَخَنُّثٌ وَتَكَسُّرٌ (assumed tropical:) [In him is effeminacy, and affectation of languor or languidness]. (A.) And one says of an effeminate man, تكسّر فِى كَلَامِهِ (assumed tropical:) [He affected languor, or languidness, in his speech], (IDrd, O, voce تَفَرَّكَ,) and also مَشْيِهِ [his walk]. (K, ibid.) See also 7.7 انكسر, quasi-pass. of 1, (S, A, Msb, K,) [It broke, or became broken.] You say, ↓ كَسَرْتُهُ انْكِسَارًا and اِنْكَسَرَ كَسْرًا. (Sb, TA. See 1.) b2: انكسرت السِّهَامُ عَلَى الرُّؤُوسِ (assumed tropical:) The portions became fractional to the several heads; were not divisible into whole numbers. (Msb.) b3: انكسر الشِّعْرُ (assumed tropical:) The poetry became [broken, or] incorrect in measure. (TA.) b4: [انكسر القَوْمُ (assumed tropical:) The people became broken, or defeated.] b5: انكسر خَصْمِى (tropical:) [My adversary became defeated.] (A.) b6: [انكسرت نَفْسُهُ (assumed tropical:) His spirit became broken, or subdued: and انكسر, alone, he became broken in spirit; his sharpness of temper, vehemence of mind, or fierceness, became broken, or subdued; he became meek, gentle, or humble.] b7: [انكسر, said of a man, also signifies, very frequently, (tropical:) He became languid, or languishing. See the act. part. n., below. And see 5.] فَتْرَةٌ and اِنْكِسَارٌ and ضَعْفٌ are syn. (S, art. فتر.) b8: انكسر عَنِ الشَّىْءِ (assumed tropical:) He lacked power, or ability, to do, or accomplish the thing. And انكسر [alone] (assumed tropical:) He, or it, (said of anything, [man or beast,]) remitted, flagged, or became remiss, in an affair, lacking power, or ability, to perform, or accomplish, it. (TA.) b9: انكسر نَظَرُ الطَّرْفِ (assumed tropical:) The look of the eye, or eyes, became languid, or languishing; syn. فَتَرَ. (IKtt, in TA, art. فتر.) And انكسر طَرْفُهُ (assumed tropical:) [His eye, or eyes, or sight, became languid, or languishing, or not sharp]. (T, K, art. فتر.) b10: Also انكسر, said of the coldness of water, [and of cold, absolutely, and of the heat of water,] and of heat, [absolutely,] and of anything, (TA,) for instance, of a price, and so ↓ كَسَرَ, (Fr. in TA, art. قط,) (assumed tropical:) It abated, or became allayed; or, [said of heat,] it became languid, or faint. (TA.) b11: Said of dough, (assumed tropical:) It became soft, and leavened, or good, and fit to be baked. (TA.) b12: [Said of a garment, or piece of cloth, and skin, (assumed tropical:) It became folded; it became creased. Ex.:] يَطْوِى الثِّيَابَ أَوَّلَ طَيِّهَا حَتَّى تَنْكَسِرَ عَلَى طَبِّهِ [He folds the garments, or pieces of cloth, the first time of folding them, so that they may crease agreeably with his folding]. (S, K, voce قَسَامِىٌّ.

[In one copy of the S, I find تَتَكَسَّرَ in the place of تَنْكَسِرَ, which latter reading I find in a better copy of the same work.]) 8 إِكْتَسَرَ see 1, first sentence.

كَسْرٌ: see كِسْرٌ, throughout. b2: (tropical:) A fraction, or broken part of an integral, as the half, and the tenth, and the fifth; (Msb;) what does not amount to an integral portion: (K:) pl. كُسُورٌ. (A, Msb.) You say, ضَرَبَ الحُسَّابُ الكُسُورَ بَعْضَهَا فِى بَعْضٍ (tropical:) [The calculator multiplied the fractions together]. (A.) b3: Little in quantity or number: (ISd, K:) as though it were a fraction of much. (ISd.) b4: (assumed tropical:) A crease, wrinkle, ply plait, or fold, in skin, and in a garment or piece of cloth; (JK, S, * K, * voce غَرٌّ, in the CK غُرّ; and so accord. to the explanation of the pl. in the present art. in the TA;) as also ↓ مَكْسِرٌ: (accord. to the explanations of its pl. in the S, Mgh, Msb voce غَضْنٌ:) pl. of the former كُسُورٌ: (JK, S, voce غَرٌّ; and TA in the present art.;) and of the latter, مَكَاسِرُ. (S, Mgh, Msb, voce غَضْنٌ; &c.) b5: See also كُسُورٌ, below.

A2: [As a conventional term in grammar, A vowel-sound, well known; the sign for which is termed ↓ كَسْرَةٌ.]

كِسْرٌ and ↓ كَسْرٌ, (S, K, &c.,) the latter of which is [said to be] of higher authority (أَعْلَى) than the former, [but this is doubtful, for the former is certainly the more common,] (TA,) A portion of a limb: or a complete limb: (K:) or a limb by itself, which is not mixed with another: (TA:) or half of a bone, with the flesh that is upon it: (K:) or a bone upon which there is not much flesh, (S, K,) and which is broken; otherwise it is not thus called: (S) or any bone: (AHeyth:) or a limb of a camel: (TA:) or of a human being or other: (ISd. TA:) pl. [of pauc.] أَكْسَارٌ (TA) and [of mult.]

كُسُورٌ. (S, TA.) b2: كِسرُ قَبِيحٍ, (S, K,) and قَبِيحٍ ↓ كَسْرُ, (S,) The bone of the سَاعِد [here meaning the upper half of the arm, from the part next the middle to the elbow. (El-Umawee, S, K.) [See also قَبِيحٌ. And كسر حَسَنٍ signifies The upper part of that bone.] b3: Also كِسْرٌ and ↓ كَسْرٌ The side of a بَيْت [or tent]: (K:) or the part of [each of] the two sides thereof that descends from the طَرِيقَتَانِ [app. meaning the two outer poles of the middle row]; every tent having two such, on the right and left: (TA:) or the lowest شُقَّة [or oblong piece of cloth] of a [tent of the kind called] خِبَآء: (A, K:) or the part of that شقّه which is folded or creased (تَكَسَّرَ وَتَثَنَّى) upon the ground: (K:) or the lowest شقّة of a بَيْت [or tent], that is next the ground, from where its (the tent's) two sides are folded (مِنْ حَيْثُ يُكْسَرُ جَانِبَاهُ), on thy right hand, and thy left. (ISk, S.) b4: Also, (K,) or ↓ كَسْرٌ [only], (TA,) [but for this limitation there appears no reason,] A side (K, TA) of anything; as, [for instance,] of a desert: (TA:) pl. أَكْسَارٌ and كُسُورٌ [app. in all the senses: see above]. (K.) b5: قِدْرٌ كِسْرٌ, and أَكْسَارٌ, (TA,) and إِنَآءٌ أَكْسَارٌ, (IAar,) and جَفْنَةٌ أَكْسَارٌ, (K,) A cooking-pot, (TA,) and a vessel, (IAar,) and a bowl, (K,) large, and [composed of several pieces] joined together: (IAar, K:) because of its greatness or its oldness: as though, in the second and following phrases, the term كسر applied to every distinct part of it. (TA.) b6: See also كُسُورٌ, below.

كَسْرَةٌ (assumed tropical:) A defeat. You say, وَقَعَ عَلَيْهِمُ الكَسْرَةُ Defeat befell them. (Msb.) A2: See also كَسْرٌ.

كِسْرَةٌ (in some copies of the K كِسْرٌ, but this is a mistake, TA,) A piece of a broken thing: (S, K:) or rather a piece broken from a thing: (TA:) or a fragment, or broken piece, of a thing: (Msb:) pl. كِسَرٌ. (S, Msb, K.) Yousay, كِسْرَةٌ مِنْ الخُبْزِ A broken piece of bread. (Msb.) See also كُسَارٌ.

كِسْرَى and كَسْرَى, (S, Msb, K,) the former of which is the more chaste, accord. to Th and others, and it alone is allowed by Aboo-'Amr Ibn-El-'Alà, (Msb,) A name (TA) applied to the king of the Persians, (Msb, K, TA,) or a surname of the kings of the Persians, (S,) like النَّجَاشِىُّ, a name of the king of Abyssinia, (TA), arabicized from خُسْرَوْ, (S, K,) which means “ possessing ample dominion, ” (K,) in the Persian language: so they say: but خُسْرَوْ is itself arabicized from خُوشْ رُوْ, which means, in that language, “ goodly in countenance ”: (TA:) [but that خسرو is an arabicized word may reasonably be doubted:] accord. to IDrst, it is changed into كسرى because there is no word in Arabic having the first letter with damm and ending with و; and the خ is changed into ك to shew that it is Arabicized: (MF:) the pl. is أَكَاسِرَةٌ, (S, Msb, K,) contr. to analogy, (S,) and كَسَاسِرَةٌ and أَكَاسِرُ and كُسُورٌ, (K,) [all of which are also] contr. to analogy: (TA:) by rule it should be كِسْرَوْنَ, like عِيسَوْنَ (S, K) and مُوسَوْنَ. (S.) كِسْرِىٌّ: see كِسْرَوِىٌّ.

كِسْرَوِىٌّ and ↓ كِسْرِىٌّ Of, or relating to, كِسْرَى; rel. ns. from كِسْرَى: (S, Msb, K:) and كَسْرَوِىٌّ alone is the rel. n. from كَسْرَى. (Msb.) [In the TA, it is said that one should not say كَسْرَوِىٌّ; but it seems that what is not allowable is كَسْرِىٌّ.]

كُسَارٌ and كُسَارَةٌ [Fragments, or broken pieces or particles, that fall from a thing:] what breaks from a thing: (Sgh:) or what breaks in pieces from a thing, (K, TA,) and falls: (TA:) fragments, or broken pieces or particles, (دُقَاق, ISk, S, and حُطَام, S,) of fire-wood. (ISk, S.) You speak of the كُسَار of glass, and of a mug, and of aloes-wood. (A.) كُسُورٌ (assumed tropical:) The turnings, bendings, or windings, (مَعَاطِف, K, TA,) and parts eaten away by torrents, (جِرَفَة, TA,) and ravines, (شِعَاب, K, TA,) of valleys, (K, TA,) and of mountains: (TA:) a pl. without a sing.: (K:) you do not say كَسْرُ الوَادِى nor كِسْرُ الوادى. (TA.) b2: أَرْضٌ ذَاتُ كُسُورٍ (tropical:) A land having [places of] ascent and descent. (S, A.) b3: See also كَسْرٌ and كِسْرٌ.

كَسِيرٌ i. q. ↓ مَكْسُورٌ, [Broken,] (S, K,) applied to a thing: (S:) and so the fem., without ة: (TA:) pl. كَسْرَى, (S, K,) like as مَرْضَى is pl. of مَرِيضٌ, (S,) and كَسَارَى: (K:) [and مَكَاسِيرُ is pl. of مَكْسُورٌ:] Abu-l-Hasan says, that Sb mentions the pl. مَكَاسِيرُ because it is of a kind proper to substs. (TA.) b2: ناقة كَسِيرٌ (S, K) i. q. مَكْسُورَةٌ [lit., A broken she-camel,] (K,) is like the phrase كَفٌّ خَضِيبٌ, (S, TA,) meaning مَخْضُوبَةٌ: (TA;) or a she-camel having one of its legs broken: (Mgh:) and شَاةٌ كَسِيرٌ a sheep, or goat, having one of its legs broken: كسير being of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ: (Mgh, Msb:) and كَسِيرَةٌ also, [app. as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant,] like نَطِيحَةٌ: (Msb:) كَسِيرٌ, occurring in a trad. is explained as signifying a sheep, or goat, having a broken leg, that cannot walk; (IAth, * Mgh;) but this requires consideration. (Mgh.) كَاسِرٌ [Breaking]; fem. with ة: pl. masc. and fem. كُسَّرٌ; and pl. fem. كَوَاسِرُ also (K.) b2: (tropical:) Folding or doubling, and leaning or reclining upon, a pillow or cushion. Hence the following. in a trad. of 'Omar, لا يَزَالُ أَحَدُهُمْ كَاسِرًا وِسَادَهُ عِنْدَ امْرَأَةٍ مُغْزِيَةٍ, meaning, (tropical:) Not one of them ceases to fold or double his pillow or cushion at the abode of a woman whose husband is absent in war, and to lean or recline upon it, and enter upon discourse with her. (IAth, TA.) b3: (tropical:) An eagle, (A, K,) and a hawk or falcon, (A,) contracting his wings, (A, K,) or contracting them somewhat, so that he may descend in his flight, (TA,) or in order to alight. (A, K.) b4: الكَاسِرُ ↓ The eagle. (S, M, K.) الإِكْسِيرُ i. q. الكِيمِيَآءُ q. v. (Sgh, K.) جَمْعُ التَّكْسِيرِ (assumed tropical:) [The broken plural;] the plural in which the composition of the singular is changed; (K;) the change being either apparent, as in رِجَالٌ, pl. of رَجُلٌ, or understood, as in فُلْكٌ, which is both sing. and pl., for the dammeh in the sing. in this case is like the dammeh of قُفْلٌ, and that in the pl. is like that of أسْدٌ. (Ibn-'Akeel: see Dieterici's “ Alfijjah ” &c.; pp.329 and 330.) b2: Also تَكْسِيرٌ (assumed tropical:) [The area of a circle]: in the circle are three things: دَوْرٌ [or circumference] and قُطْرٌ [or diameter] and تَكْسِيرٌ [or area], which [last] is the product of the multiplication of the half of the قطر by the half of the دور: and it is sometimes called مِسَاحَةٌ. You say, مَا تَكْسِيرُ دَائِرَةٍ

قُطْرُهَا سَبْعَةٌ وَدَوْرُهَا اثْنَانِ وَعِشْرُونَ [What is the area of a circle of which the diameter is seven and its circumference two-and-twenty?]: and the answer is ثَمَانِيَةٌ وَثَلَاثُونَ وَنِصْفٌ [Eight-and-thirty and a half]. (TA.) [It is scarcely necessary to add that this is not perfectly exact.]

مَكْسِرٌ A place of breaking, (K, TA,) of anything. (TA.) You say, عُودٌ صُلْبُ المَكْسِرِ [Wood, or a piece of wood, or a branch, or twig, hard in the place of breaking,] when you know its goodness by its breaking: (S, A:) and عُودٌ طَيِّبُ المَكْسِرِ [Wood, &c., good in the place of breaking,] i. e. approved. (K.) b2: Hence, رَجُلٌ صُلْبُ المَكْسِرِ (A, L) (tropical:) A man who bears up against difficulty, distress, or adversity: because one breaks a piece of wood, to try if it be hard or soft. (TA.) And of a pl. number, هُمْ صِلَابُ المَكَاسِرِ. (A.) And فُلَانٌ هَشُّ المَكْسِرِ, (TA,) and ↓ المُكَسَّرِ, (TA in art. هش, q. v.,) (assumed tropical:) [Such a one is easy, or compliant, when asked], which is an expression of praise when it means [lit.] that he is not one whose wood gives only a sound when one endeavours to produce fire from it; and of dispraise when it means [lit.] that be is one whose wood is weak. (TA.) And فُلَانٌ طَيِّبُ المَكْسِرِ (assumed tropical:) Such a one is praised when tried, proved, or tested: (S, TA:) and رَدِىْءُ المَكْسِرِ [dispraised when tried, &c.]. (TA.) [Wherefore it is said that] مَكْسِرٌ also signifies (assumed tropical:) The internal state; an internal, or intrinsic, quality; the intrinsic, or real, as opposed to the apparent, state, or to the aspect; syn. مَخْبَرٌ. (K.) b3: Also مَكْسِرٌ The lowest part (أَصْلٌ K, TA) of anything; and especially of a tree, where the branches are broken off. (TA.) b4: [Hence] it is said to be metonymically used as meaning (tropical:) Old property. (TA voce فَرْعٌ.) b5: See also كَسْرٌ.

مَكْسُورٌ: see كَسِيرٌ. b2: سَوْطٌ مَكْسُورٌ (assumed tropical:) A soft, weak, whip. (TA.) مُكَسَّرٌ pass. part. n. of 2, q. v. b2: See also مَكْسِرٌ, with which it is made synonymous. b3: (tropical:) A valley whose كُسُور (q. v.) flow with water: (K:) or are made to flow: (Th:) accord. to one relation of a saying in which it occurs, it is مُكْسَرٌ. (TA.) فُلَانٌ مُكَاسِرِى, (S,) or جَارِى مُكَاسِرِى, (ISd, K,) Such a one is my neighbour; (S;) the كِسْر (q. v.) of his tent is next the كِسْر of my tent. (S, ISd, K.) مُنْكَسِرٌ has for its pl. مَكَاسِيرُ, which is extr.; like مَسَاحِيقُ, pl. of مُنْسَحِقٌ. (TA in art. سحق.) رَأَيْتُهُ مُنْكَسِرًا (tropical:) I saw him in a languid, or languishing state. (A.)

حسب

1 حَسَبَهُ, (S, A, Mgh, &c.,) aor. ـُ (S, Mgh, Msb, &c.,) inf. n. حَسْبٌ (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K) and حُسْبَانٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and حِسْبَانٌ (K) and حِسَابٌ (S, K,) which is generally an inf. n. of this verb, but sometimes of حَاسَبَ, (TA,) and حِسَابَةٌ (S, K) and حِسْبَةٌ, (Msb, K,) or this is like قِعْدَةٌ and رِكْبَةٌ, [denoting a mode, or manner,] as in a verse of En-Nábighah cited below, (S,) and حَسْبَةٌ, which is of rare occurrence, (MF, TA,) He numbered, counted, reckoned, calculated, or computed, it; (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K;) namely, property [&c.]. (A, Mgh, Msb.) Yousay, مَنْ يَقْدِرُ عَلَى عَدِّ الرَّمْلِ وَحَسْبِ الحَصَى

[Who can count the sands, and number the pebbles?]. (A.) And أَلْقِ هٰذَا فِى الحَسْبِ [Throw thou this into the reckoning]; i. e., into what thou hast reckoned. (A.) وَالشَّمْسُ وَالقَمَرُ بِحُسْبَانٍ, in the Kur [lv. 4], means And the sun and the moon [run their courses] according to a [certain] reckoning; or through a series of mansions [or constellations], the bounds of which they do not transgress: (TA:) or بحسبان alludes to the numbers of the months and years and all other times: [but properly speaking,] حسبان is here an inf. n.: (Zj, TA:) or, accord. to Akh, a pl. of حِسَابٌ; (S, TA;) and so says AHeyth: or, accord. to some, it is here a proper subst., signifying the firmament. (TA.) حُسْبَانًا in the Kur vi. 96 is held by Akh to be for بِحُسْبَانٍ, meaning بِحِسَابٍ [as in the phrase quoted above, from the Kur lv. 4, accord. to the first explanation]. (TA.) and حُسْبَانُكَ عَلَى اللّٰه signifies حِسَابُكَ على اللّٰه [On God be it to reckon with thee: see also حَسِيبُكَ اللّٰهُ]. (TA.) Az says that the reckoning in buying and selling is termed حِسَابٌ because one knows thereby what is sufficient. (TA.) وَاللّٰهُ سَرِيعُ الحِسَابِ, in the Kur [ii. 198, &c., God is quick in reckoning], signifies that his reckoning is necessary, or of necessity, and that his reckoning with one person does not divert Him from reckoning with another. (TA.) And يَرْزُقُ مَنْ يَشَآءُ بَغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ, in the Kur [ii. 208, &c., He supplieth whom He willeth, without reckoning], means without sparing, or scanting; as when a man expends without reckoning: but the phrase is variously explained, as meaning without appointing for any one what is deficient: or without fearing that any one will call Him to account for it: or without the receiver's thinking that He will bestow upon him, or without his reckoning upon the supply; so that it may be from حَسِبَ

“ he thought,” or from حَسَبَ “ he reckoned. ” (L, TA.) The saying, cited by IAar, يَا جُمْلُ أَسْقَاكِ بِلَا حِسَابَهْ as related by J [in the S], but correctly أُسْقيت, (TA,) means [O Juml, mayest thou be given rain] without reckoning, and without measure. (S.) An instance of حِسْبَةٌ as similar to قِعْدَةٌ and رِكْبَةٌ occurs in the saying of En-Nábighah, فَكَمَّلَتْ مِائَةً فِيهَا حَمَامَتُهَا وَأَسْرَعَتْ حسْبَةً فِى ذٰلِكَ العَدَدٍ

[And she completed a hundred, in which was her pigeon; and she was quick in the mode of computing that number]. (S.) A2: حَسِبَهُ كَذَا, [a verb of the kind termed أَفْعَالُ القُلُوبِ, having two objective complements, the former of which is called its noun, and the latter its enunciative,] aor. ـَ and حَسِبَ; (S, Msb, K;) the former the more approved, (TA,) of the dialects of all the Arabs except Benoo-Kináneh; the latter aor. being peculiar to the dial. of this tribe, (Msb,) and contr. to analogy, (S, Msb,) for by rule it should be حَسَبَ [only]; and حَسِبَ is the only verb of the measure فَعِلَ having both يَفْعَلُ and يَفْعِلُ as the measures of its aor. except نَعِمَ and يَئِسَ and يَبِسَ [and وَعِرَ and وَحِرَ and بَئِسَ and وَلِهَ and وَهِلَ mentioned by Ibn-Málik (with the preceding) cited in the TA voce وَرِثَ]; but eight verbs having an unsound letter for the first radical have kesreh to the medial radical in the pret. and aor. , viz., وَثِقَ and وَرِثَ and وَرِعَ and وَرِمَ and وَرِيَ and وَفِقَ and وَلِىَ and وَمِقَ; (S;) inf. n. حِسْبَانٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and مَحْسَبَةٌ and مَحْسِبَةٌ (S, K) and حِسَابٌ; (TA; [but see what follows;]) He [counted, accounted, reckoned, or esteemed, meaning] thought, or supposed, him, or it, to be so. (S, Mgh, Msb, K.) You say, حَسِبْتُهُ صَالِحًا [I counted him, or thought him, good, or righteous]. (S.) And حَسِبْتُ زَيْدًا قَائِمًا [I thought Zeyd to be standing]. (Msb.) And مَا كَانَ فِى حِسْبَانِى

كَذَا [Such a thing was not in my thought]: you should not say فى حِسَابِى, (K,) unless you mean thereby it was not included in my reckoning, or, by amplification of the sense, I did not think it. (MF.) A3: حَسُبَ, aor. ـُ (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. حَسَابَةٌ (S, K) and حَسَبٌ, (Msb, K,) He was, or became, characterized, or distinguished, by what is termed حَسَبٌ as explained below [i. e. grounds of pretension to respect or honour; &c.]. (S, Msb, K.) 2 حسّبهُ, inf. n. تَحْسِيبٌ: see 4. b2: Also He placed a pillow for him; supported him with a pillow; (S, K;) seated him upon a حُسْبَانَة, or مَحْسَبَة. (TA.) b3: And hence, He honoured him. (L.) b4: He buried him: (TA:) or buried him in stones: [see حَسْبٌ:] or buried him wrapped in grave-clothing: namely, a dead person. (K, TA.) b5: Nuheyk El-Fezáree says, (S, TA,) addressing 'Ámir Ibn-Et-Tufeyl, (TA,) لَتَقَيْتَ بِالوَجْعَآءِ طَعْنَةَ مُرْهَفٍ

↓ حَرَّانَ أَوْ لَثَوَيْتَ غَيْرَ مُحَسَّبِ (S, TA) Thou wouldst have avoided, by turning thy hinder part, the thrust [of a thin, thirsty weapon], or thou wouldst have taken thy restingplace (TA) not honoured, or not shrouded, (S, TA,) or not pillowed: غير محسّب being variously rendered: one person prefers the meaning not buried: Az says that the signification of burial in stones and that of wrapping in grave-clothes, assigned to the verb, were unknown to him; and that غير محسّب signifies not supported with a pillow. (TA.) 3 حاسبهُ, inf. n. مُحَاسَبَةٌ (S, TA) and sometimes حِسَابٌ, which is also an inf. n. of حَسَبَ, or, accord. to Th, it seems to be a quasi-inf. n., (TA,) [He reckoned with him.] And حاسبهُ عَلَيْهِ [He called him to account for it]. (TA.) 4 احسبهُ, (Th, S, K,) inf. n. إِحْسَابٌ, (TA,) He gave him what sufficed, or satisfied, him, مِنْ كُلِّ شَىْءٍ of everything: (Th, TA:) he contented him: (K:) or he gave him what contented him; as also ↓ حسّبهُ: (S:) and both verbs, inf. n. of the latter تَحْسِيبٌ, he gave him to eat and drink until he was satisfied: (K:) and the former, [or both,] he gave him until he said حَسْبِى [It is sufficient for me]. (Az, S.) You say also, أَعْطَى

فَأَحْسَبَ He gave, and (assumed tropical:) gave much: (S:) and ↓ اِحْتَسَبْتُهُ, [if not a mistranscription for أَحْسَبْتُهُ,] (tropical:) I gave him much. (A, TA.) b2: Also It (a thing, S, Msb,) sufficed him: (S, A, Msb:) he sufficed him. (TA.) You say, مَرَرْتُ بِرَجُلٍ أَحْسَبَكَ مِنْ رَجُلٍ, and [مِنْ رَجُلَيْنِ] بِرَجُلَيْنِ أَحْسَبَاكَ, and [مِنْ رِجَالٍ] بِرِجَالٍ أَحْسَبُوكَ, I passed by a man sufficient for thee as a man, i. e., supplying to thee the place of any other [by his excellent qualities], and by two men &c., and by men &c. (S.) [The verb here is rendered, in grammatical analysis, by its act. part. n. See also حَسْبُ.]5 تحسَب (tropical:) He sought, or sought leisurely and repeatedly, to learn news: (A, K, * TA:) he sought after news: (K, * TA:) he inquired, or asked, respecting news; (S, K, * TA; [in the CK, اسْتَخْيَرَ is erroneously put for اِسْتَخْبَرَ;]) of the dial. of El-Hijáz: (TA:) he searched after news as a spy. (A 'Obeyd, TA.) It is said in a trad., accord. to one reading, كَانُوا يَجْتَمِعُونَ فَيَتَحَسَّبُونَ الصَّلَاةَ (tropical:) They used to assemble, and endeavour to ascertain the time of prayer: but the common reading is يَتَحَيَّنُونَ. (TA.) A2: Also He reclined upon a pillow. (K.) 8 احتسب [for احتسب أَجْرًا He reckoned upon a reward: or] he sought a reward [from God in the world to come]. (TA.) وَيَرْزُقُهُ مِنْ حَيْثُ لَا يَحْتَسِبُ, in the Kur lxv. 2, means [And He will supply him with the means of subsistence] whence he does not reckon, or expect; whence does not occur to his mind. (Bd, Jel.) And مَنْ صَامَ رَمَضانَ إِيمَانًا وَاحْتِسَابًا, in a trad., Whoso fasteth during Ramadán, believing in God and his Apostle, and [reckoning upon a reward, or] seeking a reward from God. (Mgh, * TA.) Yousay also, احتسب بِكَذَا أَجْرًا عِنْدَ اللّٰهِ (S, K) He reckoned upon obtaining, [or he sought,] by such a thing, or such an action, a reward from God: (PS:) or he prepared, or provided, such a thing, seeking thereby a reward from God. (K.) and احتسب عِنْدَ اللّٰهِ خَيْرًا He prepared, or provided, in store for himself, good, [i. e. a reward,] with God. (A, Mgh.) And احتسب الأَجْرَ عَلَى اللّٰهِ He laid up for himself, in store, the reward, with God, not hoping for the reward of the present life; اِحْتِسَابُ الأَجْرِ relating only to an action done for the sake of God. (Msb.) [Hence,] احتسب وَلَدَهُ, (A, Mgh,) or ابْنَهُ, (Msb,) or ابْنًا, or بنْتًا, (S, K, *) is said when one has lost by death an adult child or son or daughter; (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K;) meaning He prepared, or provided, in store for himself, a reward, by his patience on the occasion of his being afflicted and tried by the death of his adult child: (Mgh, * TA:) when a man has lost by death a child not arrived at the age of puberty, you say of him, اِفْتَرَطَهُ. (S, A, Msb, K.) [Hence also,] احتسب عَمَلَهُ [He reckoned upon, or prepared for himself, a reward by his deed: or] he did his deed seeking a reward from God in the world to come. (L, TA.) b2: اِحْتَسَبْتُ بَالشَّىْءِ I included the thing in a numbering, or reckoning; or made account of it; accounted it a matter of importance. (Msb.) And فُلَانٌ لَا يُحْتَسَبُ [for لا يحتسب بَهِ] Such a one is made no account of; is not esteemed, or regarded, as of any account, or importance. (A, TA.) b3: اِحْتَسَبْتُ عِنْدَهُ means اِكْتَفَيْتُ [I was, or became, sufficed, or contented, thereat, or with him, or at his abode]. (A, TA.) [and IbrD thinks that the verb has the same signification in the phrase اِحْتَسَبْتُ عَلَيْهِ بِالمَالِ, quoted in the TA from the A; holding عليه to be here used in the sense of عَنْهُ; so that the meaning is I was, or became, sufficed, so as to have no need of him, or it, by the property: but I doubt whether this phrase be correctly transcribed.] b4: احتسب also signifies اِنْتَهَى [He abstained, or desisted; app. as one sufficed, or contented]. (K.) b5: And احتسب عَلَيْهِ كَذَا He disapproved and disallowed his doing, or having done, such a thing; (S, K; *) namely, a foul deed: (TA:) whence the appellation ↓ مُحْتَسِبٌ. (K.) and accord. to some, احتسب اللّٰهَ عَلَيْهِ means He said, May God take, or execute, vengeance upon him; or punish him; for his evil deeds. (Har p. 371.

[See حَسِيبٌ.]) [In the present day, احتسب عَلَيْهِ is used as meaning He prayed for aid against him by saying, حَسْبُنَا اللّٰهُ God is, or will be, sufficient for us.] b6: You say also, احتسب فُلَانًا, (K,) or احتسب مَا عِنْدَهُ, (A,) meaning (tropical:) He endeavoured to learn what such a one had [in his mind, or in his possession]. (A, K, * TA.) b7: See also 4.9 احسبّ He (a camel) was, or became, of a white colour intermixed with red (S, TA) and with black. (TA.) حَسْبٌ Sufficiency. (K voce هَسْبٌ.) b2: حَسْبُ is a [prefixed] noun (S) [syn. with كَفْىُ, as is implied in the K voce قَطْ; or] syn. with كَافِى; (Msb;) or [virtually] meaning كَفَى [as a pret. in the sense of an emphatic aor. ]; (S, K;) or يَكْفِى: (TA:) Sb says that it is used to denote the being sufficed, or content. (TA.) You say, حَسْبُكَ دِرْهَمٌ [and بِحَسْبِكَ دِرْهَمٌ, in which latter the ب is redundant; meaning Thy sufficiency, or a thing sufficing thee, is a dirhem; a phrase which may be used in two ways; as predicating of what is sufficient, that it is a dirhem; and as predicating of a dirhem, that it is sufficient; in which latter case, بحسبك is an enunciative put before its inchoative, (as also حَسْبُكَ,) so that the meaning is, a dirhem is a thing sufficing thee, i. e. a dirhem is sufficient for thee; as is shown in a marginal note in my copy of the Mughnee, in art. بِ; or, accord. to the S and K, a dirhem suffices thee: accord. to Bd (iii. 167), بحسبك means مُحْسِبُكَ, and كَافِيكَ, from أَحْسَبَهُ meaning كَفَاهُ; and is shown to have this meaning by its not importing a determinate signification in consequence of its being a prefixed noun with its complement in the saying, هٰذَا رَجُلٌ حَسْبُكَ This is a man sufficing thee]. (S, Msb, K.) You say also, حَسْبُكَ ذٰلِكَ That is, or will be, [or let that be,] sufficient for thee. (TA.) And حَسْبُكَ اللّٰهُ, in the Kur viii. 65, God is, or will be, sufficient for thee. (Fr, TA. See also حَسِيبُكَ اللّٰهُ.) and حَسْبُكَ بِصَدِيقِنَا [A person sufficing thee is our friend]; in which the ب is added to denote emphatic praise. (Fr, TA in art. بِ.) In the saying, هٰذَا رَجُلٌ حَسْبُكَ مِنْ رَجُلٍ This is a man sufficing thee as a man, i. e. supplying to thee the place of any other [by his excellent qualities], (S, K,) and مَرَرْتُ بِرَجُلٍ حَسْبِكَ مِنْ رَجُلٍ I passed by a man sufficing thee as a man, (TA,) حسبك is an expression of praise, referring to the indeterminate noun [رجل]; because, in its case, [what is originally (see below)] an inf. n. (فِعْلٌ [under which term lexicologists, but not grammarians, include the مَصْدَر]) is rendered, in grammatical analysis, by another word, [i. e., by an act. part. n.,] as though one said مُحْسِبٌ لَكَ, or كَافٍ

لَكَ. (S. [Thus حسبك in these two instances is a صِفَة, i. e. an epithetic phrase; and من رجل is a تَمْيِيز, i. e. a specificative phrase.]) When the noun to which حسبك refers is determinate, you put حسب in the accus. case, as a حال, i. e. a denotative of state; as in the saying, هٰذَا عَبْدُ اللّٰهِ حَسْبَكَ مِنْ رَجُلٍ This is 'Abd-Allah; being one sufficing thee as a man. (S. [Here من رجل is, as before, a specificative phrase.]) [See also 4, the corresponding verb.]) حسب, in this manner, is used alike as sing. and dual and pl.; (S, K;) being [originally] an inf. n. (S.) It is also used alone, [as a prefixed noun of which the complement is understood,] as in the phrase زَيْدٌ حَسْبُ, without tenween, for حَسْبِى or حَسْبُكَ [&c., meaning Zeyd is sufficient for me or for thee &c.]; like as one says, جَآءَنِى زَيْدٌ لَيْسَ غَيْرُ, for لَيْسَ غَيْرُهُ عِنْدِى. (S. [That is, حَسْبُ, when thus used, is subject to the same rules as غَيْرُ and قَبْلُ, and بَعْدُ &c. when so used.]) b3: See also حَسَبٌ, in three places.

A2: Also, (TA,) and ↓ حِسْبَةٌ, (K,) Burial of the dead: (TA:) or burial of the dead in stones [app. meaning in a grave cased with stones]: or burial of the dead wrapped in grave-clothes: like تَحْسِيبٌ. (K. [See 2.]) حَسَبٌ i. q. ↓ مَحْسُوبٌ; (S, K;) of the measure فَعَلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ, like نَفَضٌ in the sense of مَنْفُوضٌ; (S;) Numbered, counted, reckoned, calculated, or computed. (S, K.) b2: A number counted. (L.) b3: Amount, quantity, or value. (L.) Sometimes, (S, L, K,) by poetic license, (S,) and in prose, (L,) ↓ حَسْبٌ. (S, L, K.) You say, الأَجْرُ بِحَسَبِ مَا عَمِلْتَ, and ↓ بِحَسْبِ, The recompense is, or shall be, according to the amount, or quantity, or value, of thy work. (L.) And يُجْزَى المَرْءُ عَلَى حَسَبِ عَمَلِهِ The man is, or shall be, paid according to the amount, or quantity, of his work. (Msb.) and عَلَى حَسَبِ مَا أَسْدَيْتَ إِلَىَّ شُكْرِى لَكَ [and ↓ حَسْبَمَا (for عَلَى حَسَبِ مَا)] According to the amount, or value, of the benefit, or benefits, that thou hast conferred upon me are my thanks to thee. (L.) And لِيَكُنْ عَمَلُكَ بِحَسَبِ ذٰلِكَ Let thy deed, or work, be correspondent to the quantity, or number, of that: or adequate, or equivalent, to that. (S.) And هٰذَا بِحَسَبِ ذَا This is equal in number or quantity, or is equivalent, to that. (K.) and مَا أَدْرِى مَا حَسَبُ حَدِيثِكَ, i. e. ما قَدْرُهُ [app. I know not what is the value of thy story]. (Ks, S.) And أَحْسَنْتُ إِلَيْهِ حَسَبَ الطَّاقَةِ and عَلَى حَسَبِ الطَّاقَةِ I benefited him according to the measure of ability. (Mgh.) b4: Also [Grounds of pretension to respect or honour, consisting in any qualities (either of oneself or of one's ancestors) which are enumerated, or recounted, as causes of glorying: and hence signifying nobility; rank or quality; honourableness, or estimableness, from whatever source derived:] originally, (MF,) what one enumerates, or recounts, of the deeds, or qualities, in which his ancestors have gloried: (S, A, Mgh, * K, MF:) secondly, what one enumerates, or recounts, of his own deeds, or qualities, in which he glories: thirdly, what one enumerates, or recounts, of any deeds, or qualities, that are causes of his glorying, of whatever kind they be: (MF:) or the memorable deeds, or qualities, of one's ancestors; and one's own deeds, or qualities, in which he glories; because they were enumerated, or recounted, by the Arabs in contending, or disputing, for glory; (T, Msb, * TA;) the latter consisting in such qualities as courage, and good disposition, and liberality: (Msb:) or what are enumerated, or recounted, of generous actions, or qualities: (Msb:) or good actions, or conduct, of oneself, and of one's ancestors: (Sh, Mgh:) or generosity, or nobility, of actions or conduct: (IAar, K:) or righteous, virtuous, or good, actions or conduct: (K:) or good disposition: (TA:) or religion; (S, Msb, K;) piety; because true nobility consists in religion or piety: (MF:) or wealth; (S, K;) because it serves in lieu of true nobility: (TA:) in this sense, and in the sense next preceding, it has no corresponding verb: (TA:) or state, or condition; [i. e. good state or condition;] syn. بَالٌ [i. q. حَالٌ]: (K:) or intellect, or understanding: (MF:) and a man's relations, consisting of his children and others: pl. أَحْسَابٌ. (Az, Mgh.) Accord. to ISk, (S, Msb,) حَسَبٌ and كَرَمٌ may pertain to him who has not noble ancestors; but not شَرَفٌ nor مَجْدٌ. (S, Msb, * K.) حَسَبٌ is also used elliptically, (Mgh, TA,) [in the sense of حَسِيبٌ, q. v.,] for ذُو حَسَبٍ, (TA,) and for ذَوُو حَسَبٍ. (Mgh.) b5: اِشْتَرَى بِالحَسَبِ He bought a thing in an honourable manner with respect to himself and the seller: حسب, here, is said to be from حَسَّبَهُ “ he honoured him; ” or from حُسْبَانَةٌ “ a small pillow ” [because him for whom you put a pillow you honour: see 2]. (TA.) حُسْبَةٌ, in a camel, A colour in which are whiteness and redness (K, TA) and blackness: (TA:) in a man, [a reddish colour such as is termed]

شُقْرَة in the hair of the head: (K:) and also in a man, (K, TA,) and in a camel, (TA,) whiteness and redness produced by a whiteness of the skin arising from disease and infecting the hair [so as to turn it red]: (K, TA:) accord. to IAar, blackness inclining to redness. (TA.) b2: Also Leprosy. (K.) حِسْبَةٌ [originally The act of numbering, counting, &c.: or a mode, or manner, of numbering, &c.: see 1. b2: ] A subst. from اِحْتَسَبَ أَجْرًا; (S, Msb, K;) syn. with اِحْتِسَابٌ (A) [as meaning A reckoning upon, or seeking, or preparing or providing, or laying up for oneself in store, a reward in the world to come]. You say, فَعَلَهُ حِسْبَةً [He did it reckoning upon, or seeking, &c., a reward in the world to come]. (A, TA.) b3: هُوَ حَسَنُ الحِسْبَةِ He is good in respect of managing, conducting, ordering, or regulating, (S, A, Msb, K,) and examining, or judging, (Msb,) and sufficing, (A,) فِى الأَمْرِ in the affair. (S, A, Msb.) This is not from اِحْتِسَابُ الأَجْرِ; for احتساب الاجر relates only to an action done for the sake of God. (Msb.) A2: A reward, or recompense: pl. حِسَبٌ. (S, K.) A3: [The office of the مُحْتَسِب.]

A4: See also حَسْبٌ, last sentence.

حُسْبَانٌ: see حِسَابٌ.

A2: Also A punishment. (S, K.) b2: A calamity; an affliction with which a man is tried. (Aboo-Ziyád, K.) b3: Evil; mischief. (Aboo-Ziyád, K.) b4: Locusts. (Aboo-Ziyád, S, K.) b5: Dust: or smoke: syn. عَجَاجٌ. (K.) b6: Fire. (TA.) This, and each of the five significations next preceding, and that next following, have been assigned to the word as used in the Kur xviii. 38. (TA.) See also حُسْبَانَةٌ. b7: Small arrows, (Mgh, Msb, K,) or short arrows, (S,) which are shot from Persian bows: (Mgh, Msb:) said by IDrd to be, in this sense, postclassical: (TA:) or arrows which a man shoots in the hollow of a reed, or cane; drawing the bow, he discharges twenty of them at once, and they pass by nothing without wounding it, whether it be an armed man or another object; they come forth like rain, and scatter among the people: (ISh, TA:) or small arrows, with slender heads, in the hollow of a reed, or cane, which, when discharged, come forth like a shower of rain, and scatter, and pass by nothing without wounding it: (Az, Msb:) or iron-headed arrows, like large needles, slender, but somewhat long, and without edges [to the heads]: (Th, TA:) n. un. with ة. (S, Mgh, Msb, K.) A3: It is also said to signify The circumference of a mill-stone: b2: and hence, in the Kur lv. 4, [see 1, above,] to mean The [revolving] firmament. (El-Khafájee, MF.) حُسْبَانَةٌ n. un. of حُسْبَانٌ [q. v.]. (S, Mgh, &c.) b2: Also A thunderbolt; syn. صَاعِقَةٌ: (K:) and ↓ حُسْبَانٌ, [of which it is the n. un.,] thunderbolts; syn. صَوَاعِقُ. (Bd and Jel in xviii. 38.) b3: A hailstone; syn. بَرَدَةٌ. (K. [In some copies of the K بَرْدَةٌ.]) b4: A cloud. (K.) A2: A small ant. (K.) A3: A small pillow; (S, K;) and so ↓ مِحْسَبَةٌ: (K:) or this signifies a pillow of skin, or leather. (TA.) حِسَابٌ and ↓ حُسْبَانٌ [A numbering, counting, reckoning, calculation, or computation: see 1:] both signify the same: (S:) or the latter is pl. of the former, (S, K, TA,) accord. to Akh (S, TA) and AHeyth and others, when the former signifies what is numbered; &c.; [a number; or quantity;] and the former has also for a pl. [of pauc.] أَحْسِبَةٌ. (TA.) You say, رَفَعَ العَامِلُ حِسَابَهُ and حُسْبَانَهُ [The agent presented his reckoning, &c.]. (A.) Hence, حِسَابُ الجُمَّلِ and الجُمَلِ: see art. جمل. [And حِسَابُ عَقْدِ الأَصَابِعِ The numbering, counting, or reckoning, with the fingers.] And يَوْمُ الحِسَابِ [The day of reckoning; i. e., of the final judgment]. (Kur xxxviii. 15, &c.) b2: حِسَابٌ also signifies The reckoning, or enumerating, or recounting, of causes of glorying; or of memorable, or generous, actions or qualities. (Msb.) b3: And (tropical:) A great number of men: (A, L, K:) of the dial. of Hudheyl. (L.) b4: and (assumed tropical:) A sufficing thing, (S, K,) and gift, (S, K, and Bd in lxxviii. 36,) as also ↓ حَسَّابٌ: (Bd ib.:) or a large gift: (Jel ib.:) or a gift according to one's works. (Bd ib.) حَسِيبٌ A reckoner, or taker of accounts: [see also حَاسِبٌ:] or a sufficer, or giver of what is sufficient; (K, TA;) from أَحْسَبَ, of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure مُفْعِلٌ. (TA.) It has the former of these significations, or the latter, in the phrase, كَفَى بِاللّٰهِ حَسِيبًا [God is sufficient as a reckoner, or as a giver of what sufficeth], (Fr, K, TA,) in the Kur [iv. 7, and xxxiii. 39]: (TA:) and so in the Kur iv. 88. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] حَسِيبُكَ اللّٰهُ, (S, K,) in the L اللّٰهُ ↓ حَسْبُكَ, (TA,) [both of which phrases are used in the present day in the sense here following,] May God take, or execute, vengeance upon thee; or punish thee: (S, L, K:) meaning an imprecation though literally predicatory. (IAmb, Har p. 371.) [See also حُسْبَانُكَ عَلَى اللّٰهِ, voce حَسَبَ.]

A2: Also Characterized, or distinguished, by what is termed, حَسَبٌ as explained above [i. e. grounds of pretension to respect or honour; &c.]: (S, K:) generous, liberal, honourable, or noble: (Msb:) bountiful, or munificent: and having a numerous household: (Az, Mgh:) pl. حُسَبَآءُ. (A, K.) حَسَّابٌ: see حِسَابٌ.

حَاسِبٌ [act. part. n. of 1; Numbering, counting, &c.:] a reckoner; an accountant: [see also حَسِيبٌ:] pl. حُسَّبٌ and حُسَّابٌ (TA) and حَسَبَةٌ. (A.) أَحْسَبُ, (S, K,) fem. حَسْبَآءُ, (TA,) A camel of a colour in which are whiteness and redness (S, K, TA) and blackness: (TA:) a man in the hair of whose head is [a reddish colour such as is termed]

شُقْرَة: (S, K:) a man, (K,) and a camel, (TA,) whose skin has become white by reason of disease, and whose hair is infected [and turned red] in consequence thereof, so that he has become white and red: (K:) accord. to Sh, that has no [distinct] colour; of whom, or of which, one says, I think so, and I think so. (TA. [The latter clause of this explanation (in the TA الذى يقال احسب كذا و احسب كذا) I have rendered conjecturally; supposing يقال to have been omitted by a copyist, after يقال,]) b2: Also A leper. (Lth, T, K.) b3: And (assumed tropical:) A mean, avaricious, man. (S, TA.) إِبِلٌ مُحْسِبَةٌ Camels that have much flesh and fat: (TA:) or محسبة has two meanings; from حَسَبٌ signifying “ nobility; ” [i. e. noble camels;] and from إِحْسَابٌ; i. e. satisfying, with their milk, their owners and the guest. (IAar, TA.) مِحْسَبَةٌ: see حُسْبَانَةٌ.

مُحَسَّبٌ: see 2.

مَحْسُوبٌ: see حَسَبٌ, first sentence.

مُحْتَسِبٌ [The inspector of the markets and of the weights and measures &c.] is an appellation derived from اِحْتَسَبَ, as shown above: see this verb. (K.) You say, فُلَانٌ مُحْتَسِبُ البَلَدِ [Such a one is the inspector of the markets &c. of the town]: you should not say مُحْسِبٌ. (S.)

(ح س ب) : (حَسَبَ) الْمَالَ عَدَّهُ مِنْ بَابِ طَلَبَ حَسْبًا وَحُسْبَانًا (وَمِنْهُ) أَحْسَنْتُ إلَيْهِ حَسْبَ الطَّاقَةِ وَعَلَى حَسْبِهَا أَيْ قَدْرِهَا (وَحَسَبُ) الرَّجُلِ مَآثِرُ آبَائِهِ لِأَنَّهُ يُحْسَبُ بِهِ مِنْ الْمَنَاقِبِ وَالْفَضَائِلِ لَهُ وَعَنْ شِمْرٍ الْحَسَبُ الْفَعَالُ الْحَسَنُ لَهُ وَلِآبَائِهِ (وَمِنْهُ) مَنْ فَاتَهُ حَسَبُ نَفْسِهِ لَمْ يَنْتَفِعْ بِحَسَبِ أَبِيهِ (قَالَ) الْأَزْهَرِيُّ وَيُقَالُ لِلسَّخِيِّ الْجَوَّادِ حَسِيبٌ وَلِلَّذِي يُكْثِرُ عَدَدَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ حَسِيبٌ قَالَ وَلِلْحَسِيبِ مَعْنًى آخَرُ وَهُوَ عَدَدُ ذَوِي قَرَابَةِ الرَّجُلِ مِنْ أَوْلَادِهِ وَغَيْرِهِمْ وَيُفَسِّرُ ذَلِكَ حَدِيثُ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ «أَنَّ هَوَازِنَ أَتَوْا النَّبِيَّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَقَالُوا أَنْتَ أَبَرُّ النَّاسِ وَأَوْصَلُهُمْ وَقْدَ سُبِيَ أَبْنَاؤُنَا وَنِسَاؤُنَا وَأُخِذَتْ أَمْوَالُنَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ اخْتَارُوا إحْدَى الطَّائِفَتَيْنِ إمَّا الْمَالَ وَإِمَّا السَّبْيَ فَقَالُوا أَمَا إذْ خَيَّرْتَنَا بَيْنَ الْمَالِ وَبَيْنَ الْحَسَبِ فَإِنَّا نَخْتَارُ الْحَسَبَ فَاخْتَارُوا أَبْنَاءَهُمْ وَنِسَاءَهُمْ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ - إنَّا خَيَّرْنَاهُمْ بَيْنَ الْمَالِ وَالْأَحْسَابِ فَلَمْ يَعْدِلُوا بِالْأَحْسَابِ شَيْئًا فَأَطْلَقَ لَهُمْ السَّبْيَ» قَالَ فَبَيَّنَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ أَنَّ عَدَدَ أَهْلِ بَيْتِ الرَّجُلِ يُسَمَّى حَسَبًا قُلْت وَعَلَى ذَلِكَ مَسْأَلَةُ الزِّيَادَاتِ أَوْصَى بِثُلُثِ مَالِهِ لِأَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ أَوْ لِحَسَبِهِ وَهُوَ مِنْ الْأَوَّلِ عَلَى حَذْفِ الْمُضَافِ لِأَنَّ الْأَبْنَاءَ ذَوُو الْحَسَبِ وَالْعَدَدُ مِنْ الْمَآثِرِ وَالْمَنَاقِبِ أَوْ عَلَى أَنَّ الْآبَاءَ يَكْثُرُ عَدَدَهُمْ بِالْبَنِينَ أَوْ لِأَنَّ الذَّبَّ عَنْ حَرِيمِ الْأَهْلِ مِنْ الْمَآثِرِ فَسُمُّوا حَسَبًا لِهَذِهِ الْمُلَابَسَةِ وَأَمَّا مَنْ رَوَى لِحَسِيبِهِ فَلَهُ وَجْهٌ (وَقَوْلُهُ) - عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ - «الْحَسَبُ الْمَالُ وَالْكَرَمُ التَّقْوَى» هَدْمًا لِقَاعِدَةِ الْعَرَبِ وَمَعْنَاهُ أَنَّ الْغَنِيَّ يُعَظَّمُ كَمَا يُعَظَّمُ الْحَسِيبُ وَأَنَّ مَنْ لَهُ التَّقْوَى هُوَ الْكَرِيمُ لَا مَنْ يَجُودُ بِمَالِهِ وَيُبَذِّرُهُ وَيُخْطِرُ بِنَفْسِهِ لِيُعَدَّ جَوَّادًا شُجَاعًا وَاحْتَسَبَ بِالشَّيْءِ اعْتَدَّ بِهِ وَجَعَلَهُ فِي الْحِسَابِ (وَمِنْهُ) احْتَسَبَ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ خَيْرًا إذَا قَدَّمَهُ وَمَعْنَاهُ اعْتَدَّهُ فِيمَا يُدَّخَرُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ (وَعَلَيْهِ) حَدِيثُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ - إنِّي أَحْتَسِبُ خُطَايَ هَذِهِ أَيْ أَعْتَدُّهَا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى وَمَنْ صَامَ رَمَضَانَ إيمَانًا (وَاحْتِسَابًا) أَيْ صَامَ وَهُوَ يُؤْمِنُ بِاَللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ وَيَحْتَسِبُ صَوْمَهُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ وَاحْتَسَبَ وَلَدَهُ إذَا مَاتَ كَبِيرًا أَوْ مَعْنَاهُ اعْتَدَّ أَجْرَ مُصَابِهِ فِيمَا يُدَّخَرُ (وَمِنْهُ) أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَحْتَسِبَ ابْنِي وَأُؤْجَرَ فِيهِ (وَالْحِسْبَانُ) بِالْكَسْرِ الظَّنُّ (وَالْحُسْبَانُ) بِالضَّمِّ سِهَامٌ صِغَارٌ يُرْمَى بِهَا عَنْ الْقِسِيِّ الْفَارِسِيَّةِ الْوَاحِدَةُ حُسْبَانَةٌ وَإِنَّمَا قَالَ مُحَمَّدٌ - رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ - يُرْمَى بِهَا بِاعْتِبَارِ اللَّفْظِ.