عصم
1 عَصَمَ,
aor. ـِ (
K,
TA,)
inf. n. عَصْمٌ, (
TA,)
i. q. مَنَعَ [as meaning He, or it, prevented, or hindered: or, as is generally the case, defended, or protected]: (
K,
TA:) this is [said to be] the primary signification: (
TA: [but see
عِصْمَةٌ]) and he, or it, preserved, or kept;
syn. وَقَى: (
K,
TA:) and it withheld (أَمْسَكَ) a thing. (
TA.) One says, عَصَمَهُ الطَّعَامُ [for عَصَمَهُ مِنَ الجُوعِ] The food prevented him, or defended him, (مَنَعَهُ,) from being hungry. (
S,
K.) And عَصَمَهُ اللّٰهُ, (
Mgh,
Msb,
TA,)
aor. as above, (
Msb,
TA,)
inf. n. عِصْمَةٌ, (
Mgh,) or this is a simple
subst., (
Msb,) and the
inf. n. is عَصْمٌ, (
TA,) God defended, or protected, him; (
TA;) or preserved him; (
Mgh,
Msb,
TA;) مِنَ السُّوْءِ [from evil], (
Mgh,) or مِنَ المَكْرُوهِ [from what was disliked, or hated]. (
Msb.) And عَصَمْتُهُ I [defended, or protected, him; or] preserved him. (
S.)
b2: And [hence,] عَصَمَ القِرْبَةَ, (
K,
TA,)
aor. ـِ
inf. n. عَصْمٌ, (
TA,) He put, or made, to the water-skin, an عِصَام; (
K,
TA;) as also ↓ أَعْصَمَهَا: (
ISk,
S,
K,
TA:) or the latter signifies, (
TA,) or signifies also, (
K,) he bound it with the عِصَام, (
K,
TA,) i. e. the [tie called] وِكَآء [which is bound round its head to confine the contents]. (
TA.)
A2: عَصَمَ إِلَيْهِ: see 8.
A3: عَصَمَ,
aor. ـِ (
S,
K,)
inf. n. عَصْمٌ, (
S,) signifies also اِكْتَسَبَ [i. e. he gained, or earned; or he sought means of subsistence]. (
S,
K.)
A4: عَصَمَ ثَنِيَّتَهُ الغُبَارُ means The dust stuck to his central incisor; like عَصَبَ [
q. v.]. (
TA.)
A5: عَصِمَ,
aor. ـَ (
K,
TA,)
inf. n. عَصَمٌ, (
S, *
TA,) said of a gazelle, and of a mountain-goat, [and
app. of a horse,] He was such as is termed أَعْصَمُ. (
K,
TA.) 4 اعصم He exerted his strength, and laid hold, or fast hold, upon a thing, or clung to it, lest his horse, or his camel, should throw him down; [or rather اعصم بِشَىْءٍ has this meaning, or he laid hold, or fast hold, upon a thing, or clung to it;] and in like manner one says بِهِ ↓ اعتصم, and به ↓ استعصم; (
S;) بِهِ ↓ اعتصم is said by
Er-Rághib, to signify thus; whence, in the
Kur [iii. 98], بِحَبْلِ اللّٰهِ ↓ وَاعْتَصمُوا [
expl. in art. حبل]: (
TA:) and [hence, likewise,] اعصم بِحَبْلِهِ signifies تَمَسَّكَ بِهِ [meaning He held fast by his corenant]. (
Mgh.) One says also, اعصم بِالبَعِيرِ He laid hold upon one of the cords, or ropes, of the camel, (
K,
TA,) lest the camel should throw him down. (
TA.) And اعصم بِالفَرَسِ He laid hold upon the mane of the horse, (
K,
TA,) lest his horse should throw him down. (
TA.) and اعصم بِفُلَانٍ He laid upon such a one: (
K:) or اعصم بِصَاحِبِهِ He clung to his companion. (
S.)
b2: And [hence,] He took refuge, and defended, or protected, himself, مِنَ الشَّرِّ from evil; as also ↓ اعتصم, and ↓ استعصم (
Ham p. 810.)
A2: Also He was not firm [in his seat] upon the back of the horse. (
K.)
A3: اعصم فُلَانًا He prepared for such a one, (
S,
K,) in the camel's saddle, and in the horse's saddle, (
S,) a thing upon which he might lay hold, (
S,
K,) lest he should fall. (
S.)
b2: اعصم القِرْبَةَ: see 1, latter half.
7 انعصم He became [defended, or protected, or] preserved; quasi-
pass. of عَصَمْتُهُ. (
S.) 8 إِعْتَصَمَ see 4, first sentence, in three places. [Hence,] اعتصم بِاللّٰهِ He held fast, or clung, unto God: (
Jel in iii. 96:) or, to his religion: or he had recourse to God for protection, in, or in respect of, the concurrences, or combinations, of his affairs: (
Bd ibid:) he confided in, or relied upon, God, (
Bd and
Jel in xxii. last verse,) in, or in respect of, the concurrences, or combinations, of his affairs, not seeking aid from any but Him: (
Bd ibid.:) or he defended, or preserved, himself, or he refrained, or abstained, (اِمْتَنَعَ,) by the grace of God, (
S,
Msb, *
K,) from disobedience. (
S,
K. [See also 10.]) And ↓ عَصَمَ
إِلَيْهِ signifies the same as اعتصم بِهِ. (
K.) See also 4, latter half.
A2: اِعْتَصَمَتْ, said of a girl, or young woman, [from عِصَامٌ,] She applied collyrium to her eyes. (El-Muärrij,
TA.) 10 استعصم: see 4, in two places.
b2: Also He defended, or preserved, himself, or he refrained, or abstained;
syn. اِمْتَنَعَ. (
TA. [See also 8.]) عُصْمٌ (
S,
K) and ↓ عُصُمٌ (
K) and ↓ عَصِيمٌ (
S,
K) A relic, and a trace, of anything, (
S,
K,) such as tar [with which camels are smeared when mangy], (
S,) and خِضَاب [i. e. hinnà (حِنَّآء) and the like, with which one dyes, or tinges, the hair &c.], and the like: (
S,
K:) and عُصْمٌ is also
expl. as signifying a trace of anything such as وَرْس [
q. v.] or saffron or the like. (
TA.)
As says, I heard an Arab woman of the desert say to her follow-wife, أَعْطِينِى عُصْمَ حنَّائِكِ, meaning [Give me] what thou hast wiped off and cast away of thy حِنَّآء (
S,
TA *) after thy dyeing of thy hands with it. (
TA.)
A2: عُصْمٌ is also a
pl. of عِصَامٌ [
q. v.]. (
TA.) عِصْمٌ: see
عُصْمَةٌ.
عُصُمٌ: see عُصْمٌ.
A2: Also a
pl. of عِصَامٌ [
q. v.]. (
Msb.)
عُصْمَةٌ A قِلَادَة [meaning collar for a dog]: (
S,
K;) as also ↓
عِصْمَةٌ; (
Kr,
K, &c.;) resembling a bracelet: (
Er-Rághib,
TA:)
pl. (of the latter,
TA) عِصَمٌ, and
pl. pl. أَعْصُمٌ and
عِصَمَةٌ [in the
CK عَصَمَةٌ, but, as is said in the
TA, with kesr and then fet-h], and
pl. pl.
pl. أَعْصَامٌ; (
K;) or this last, which is said in the
S to be
pl. of
عُصْمةٌ, and thought by
ISd to be formed from
عِصْمَةٌ after rejecting the augmentative letter [ة], and said by some to be a
pl. of which the
sing. is ↓ عِصْمٌ, like as أَعْدَالٌ is of عِدْلٌ, is correctly
pl. of عِصَمٌ, which is
pl. of
عِصْمَةٌ, (
IB,
TA.) of which أَـ
ـعْصِمَةٌ is also a
pl. [of pauc.] (
TA.) and أَعْصَامٌ signifies also The straps (عَذَبَات) that are upon the necks of dogs: and the sing, is
عُصْمَةٌ, and, (
K,
TA,) some say, (
TA,) ↓ عِصَامٌ, (
K,
TA,) with kesr, [in the
CK عَصامٌ,] mentioned by
Lth. (
TA.) [Hence,] one says, دَفَعْتُهُ إِلَيْهِ بِعُصْمَتِهِ and ↓ بِعِصَامِهِ [i. e. I gave it to him altogether]; like as one says, بِرُمَّتِهِ [
q. v.]. (
TA.)
A2: Also The quality denoted by the
epithet أَعْصَمُ [
q. v.]: (
S,
K:)
ISh says, it is in the arm of the gazelle and of the mountain-goat: and
IAar says, it is in cloven-hoofed animals in the fare legs; and in the crow, in the shanks; and sometimes, he says, it is in horses. (
TA.)
عِصْمَةٌ [mentioned in the
Mgh as an
inf. n., but said in the
Msb to be a simple
subst.,] primarily (
TA) signifies مَنْعٌ [as meaning Prevention, or hindrance: or, as seems to be indicated by most of its subordinate applications, defence, or protection]: (
S,
K,
TA:) or, as some say, its primary signification is the act of tying, or binding; and hence the meaning of مَنْعٌ: or,
accord. to
Zj, it primarily signifies حَبْلٌ [i. e. a rope, or cord]; and
accord. to Mohammad Ibn-Neshwán El-Himyeree, سَبَبٌ and حَبْلٌ [which mean the same]. (
TA.) Defence, or protection, (
TA,) or preservation, (
S,
Msb,
K,) [in an absolute sense, and] as an act of God, (
Msb,
TA,) from that which would cause destruction of a man. (
TA.)
عِصْمَةُ الأَنْبِيَآءِ signifies God's preservation of the prophets; first, by the peculiar endowment of them with essential purity of constitution; then, by the conferring of large and highly-esteemed excellences; then, by aid against opponents, and rendering their feet firm; then, by sending down upon them tranquillity (السَّكِينَة,
q. v.), [see the
Kur ix. 26, &c.,] and the preservation of their hearts, or minds, and adaptation to that which is right. (Er-
Rá- ghib,
TA.)
b2: Also [A defence as meaning] a defender from a state of perdition and from want: so in a saying of Aboo-
Tálib, in praise of the Prophet, cited
voce ثِمَالٌ. (
TA.)
b3: And A faculty of avoiding, or shunning, acts of disobedience, [or of self-preservation therefrom,] with possession of power to commit them: (El-Muná- wee,
TA:) [or,] as used by the Muslim theologians, inability to disobey: or a disposition that prevents [disobedience], not such as constrains [to act]. (
MF,
TA.)
b4: عِصْمَةُ النِّكَاحِ means The tie, or bond, of marriage: [also called, in the present day,
عِصْمَةُ المَرْأَةِ i. e. the woman's matrimonial tie or bond, which is in her husband's hand, or power: a term used by the lawyers:] one says, بِيَدِهِ
عِصْمَةُ النِّكَاحِ i. e. [In his hand, or power, is] the tie, or bond, of marriage:
pl. عِصَمٌ: whence, in the
Kur [lx. 10], وَلَا تُمَسِّكُوا بِعِصَمِ الكَوَافِرِ [And hold ye not to the matrimonial ties, or bonds, of the unbelieving women; meaning divorce ye such women: but the common reading is ولا تُمْسِكُوا, which signifies the same]. (
TA.)
b5: See also
عُصْمَةٌ.
عِصَامٌ The tie of a قِرْبَة [or water-skin]; (
S,
Msb;) [i. e.] its [tie called] وَكَآء [which is bound round the head to confine the contents]: (
TA:) and the strap that is used for the carrying thereof: (
S,
Msb:) or a cord that is used for the tying, or binding, of the leathern bucket and of the water-skin and of the [leathern vessel for water called]
إِدَاوَة: and the loop-shaped handle that serves for the suspending of the [bag, or other receptacle, for travelling-provisions or for goods or utensils &c. called] وِعَآء: (
K:) and anything that serves for the protection, or preservation, of a thing: (
TA:)
pl. [of pauc.] أَـ
ـعْصِمَةٌ and [of mult.] عُصْمٌ, (
K,
TA,) or عُصُمٌ, (
Msb, and so in some copies of the
K,) and عِصَامٌ, like the
sing., of the class of دِلَاصٌ: (
Az,
K:) but
Az states, as what had been heard [
app. by him] from the Arabs, respecting the عُصْم of [the leathern water-bags called]
مَزَاد, that they are the cords that are fixed in the loops of the pairs of water-bags, and with which they are tied when they are bound upon the back of the camel; after which the [rope called] رِوَآء is bound over them: they are erroneously said by
Lth to be the طَرَائِق [
app. meaning borders] of the extremity of the مَزَادَة [or leathern water-bag], at the place of the كُلْيَة [or kidney-shaped piece of leather to which a loop is sewed]. (
TA. [See also خُصْمٌ.]) Mention is made, in a
trad., of a place where a camel was shackled with عُصْم, as meaning that its abundance of herbage confined him so that he would not go away in search of pasturage. (
TA.)
b2: Also The cord, or bond, of the [vehicle called] مَحْمِل, (
K, *
TA,) which is bound at the extremity of [each of the transverse pieces of wood called] the عَارِضَانِ [correctly عَارِضَتَانِ], in the upper part of each of these: [for,] as
Lth says, there are two of such cords, or bonds: and
Az says that the عِصَامَانِ of the مَحْمِل are like those of the [pair of leathern water-bags called] مَزَادَتَانِ. (
TA.)
b3: And The slender part of the end of the tail; (
M,
K;) and عِضَامٌ is a
dial. var. thereof: (
TA: [but see the latter:]) or the tail with its hair and its عَسِيب [
q. v.]: (
ISh,
TA:)
pl. أَـ
ـعْصِمَةٌ. (
K.)
b4: See also
عُصْمَةٌ, in two places.
b5: Also Collyrium: (
K,
TA:) mentioned on the authority of El-Muärrij: so called because it defends and strengthens the eye. (
TA.) عَصُومٌ Edacious; voracious; (
K,
TA;) applied to a she-camel; (
TA;) and ↓ عَيْصُومٌ signifies the same, (
K,
TA,) applied to a human being, male and female; (
TA;) the latter occurring in the saying of a rájiz, applied to an old woman, (
S,
TA,) and said to have this meaning, (
S,) but as some relate it, the word is there with ض; (
S,
TA;) and عَيْضُومٌ signifies thus
accord. to
Kr, applied to a woman: عَيْصُومٌ, however, is of higher authority: (
TA in art. عضم:) ↓ عَيْصَامٌ also signifies the same, applied to a man. (
TA.)
b2: Also A female whose family, or household, have become numerous. (
Az,
TA.) عَصِيمٌ: see عُصْمٌ.
b2: Also Sweat: (
K:) or,
accord. to
Lth, rust [that is an effect] of sweat. (
TA.)
b3: And Dirt, and urine that dries, upon the thighs of camels, (
K,
TA,) so as to become like the road, in thickness. (
TA.)
b4: And Black hair that grows beneath the fur of the camel when it falls off (إِذَا انْتَسَلَ [perhaps a mistranscription for اذا أَنْسَلَ]). (
K.)
b5: And The leaves of trees. (
IB,
TA.) عِصَامِىٌّ [a rel.
n. used as meaning Of the class of 'Isám; and hence, self-ennobled]. عِصَامٌ is the name of a chamberlain of En-Noamán Ibn-ElMundhir: and [in relation to him] it is said in a
prov., كُنْ عِصَامِيًّا وَلَا تَكُنْ عِظَامِيًّا, (
S,
K,
TA,) [the former clause meaning Be thou of the class of 'Isám, i. e. be thou self-ennobled, and] the latter clause meaning and be not of those who glory in old and wasted and crumbling bones, [i. e. in their ancestors,] (
TA,) alluding to his saying, [so in the
S and
K and
TA, but correctly the saying of En-Nábighah, (see
Har p. 297,)]
نَفْسُ عِصَامٍ سَوَّدَتْ عِصَامَا وَعَلَّمَتْهُ الكَرَّ وَالإِقْدَامَا [The soul of 'Isám ennobled 'Isám, and taught him the art of attack, and boldness]. (
S,
K,
TA.) And [hence] one says also, فُلَانٌ عِصَامِىٌّ وَعِظَامِىٌّ i. e. Such a one is noble in respect of soul, or self, and of origin. (
A,
TA.) عَاصِمٌ [
act. part. n. of عَصَمَ, signifying] Defending [&c.], or a defender [&c.]. (
TA.) لَا عَاصِمَ اليَوْمَ مِنْ أَمْرِاللّٰهِ, in the
Kur [xi. 45], may mean There is no defender [this day from the decree of God]: (
TA:) or the meaning may be, no [person] defended: or no possessor of defence: (
S,
TA:) so that عاصم may be an instance of فَاعِل in the sense of مَفْعُوا: (
S:) or it may thus be a possessive
epithet. (
TA. [See also دَافِقٌ.])
b2: [Hence,] العَاصِمَةُ is a name of El-Medeeneh. (
K.)
b3: أَبُو عَاصِمٍ is an appellation of The meal of parched barley or the like (السَّوِيق). (
S,
K.) And also The food called سِكْبَاج [
q. v.]. (
K.) عَيْصَامٌ: see عَصُومٌ.
عَيْصُومٌ: see عَصُومٌ
b2: Also A woman who sleeps long, and speaks angrily when she is roused. (
TA.) أَعْصَمُ A gazelle, and a mountain-goat, having in his arms, (
As,
T,
S,
K,) or in one of them, (
AO,
S,
M,
K,) a whiteness, (
S,
K,) the rest of him being red or black: (
K:) or a goat white in the fore legs, or in the fore leg: (
Az,
TA:) fem.
عَصْمَآءُ: (
S,
K:) and
pl. عُصْمٌ. (
S.)
b2: And A horse white in the fore leg: (
As,
TA:) or having a whiteness in one of his fore legs, above the pastern: (
ISh,
TA:) or having a whiteness in his fore shanks: (
Ham p. 18:) or having a whiteness in one of his fore legs, (
S,
TA,) but not in his hind legs, (
TA,) little or much; in which case he is termed أَعْصَمُ اليُمْنَى or اليُسْرَى [white in respect of the right fore leg or of the left]: when the whiteness is in both of his fore legs, he is termed أَعْصَمُ اليَدَيْنِ [white in respect of the two fore legs]; unless having a blaze in his face, in which case he is termed مُحَجَّلٌ, not أَعْصَمُ; (
S,
TA;) though a blaze in his face does not cause him to be termed مُحَجَّلٌ when the whiteness is in one fore leg. (
S.)
b3: And A crow having a white feather in its wing; (
S,
K; [in some copies of the
K, in its two wings;]) i. e., in one of its wings: (
TA:) because the wing of the bird corresponds to the fore leg [of the beast]: (
S,
TA:) or white in the wings: (
ISh,
IAth,
TA:) or white in the legs: (
TA:) or red (أَحْمَر) in the legs and beak; (
Az,
K,
TA;) and this is said by
Az to be the correct explanation; [but] he adds that the Arabs term بَيَاض [i. e. whiteness] حَمْرَة [which properly signifies redness], saying of a woman of white complexion that she is حَمْرَآء: [so that by the last of the foregoing explanations of أَعْصَمُ applied to a crow is
app. meant white in the legs and beak:] the Prophet is said to have explained this
epithet, thus applied, as meaning of which one of the legs is white: (
TA:) some say that الغُرَابُ الأَعْصَمُ is like الأَبْلَقُ العَقُوقُ and بَيْضُ الأَنوقِ, applied to anything that is rarely found: (
S,
TA:) it occurs in a number of trads.; and a righteous woman is likened thereto. (
TA.) مِعْصَمٌ The part, of the fore arm, which is the place of the bracelet; (
S,
Msb,
K;) [the wrist:
pl. مَعَاصِمُ:] in a citation from a poet (
voce عَرَقَ), المَعَاصِيم is used by poetic license for المَعَاصِم. (
L in art. عرق.)
b2: And The يَد [meaning arm]; (
K,
TA;) used in this sense in a verse of ElAashà. (
TA.)
A2: Also, thus without the article ال, a name for The she-goat; which is called to be milked by one's saying مِعْصَمْ مِعْصَمْ, with the last letter quiescent. (
K.) مُعْتَصَمٌ A place of defence, protection, or preservation. (
Ksh and
Bd in xi. 45.)
