عثر
1 عَثَرَ,
aor. ـُ (
S,
A,
Mgh,
O,
Msb,
K) and عَثِرَ; (
A,
Msb,
K;) and عَثِرَ,
aor. ـَ and عَثُرَ,
aor. ـُ (
A,
K;)
inf. n. عِثَارٌ (
S,
Mgh,
O,
Msb,
K) and عَثْرٌ and عَثِيرٌ; (
K;) said of a man and of a horse, (
S,
Msb,) He stumbled, or tripped; [the most usual meaning;] or he fell upon his face;
syn. كَبَا [which has both of these meanings]; as also ↓ تعثّر: (
A,
K:) or [simply] he fell;
syn. سَقَطَ: (
Mgh:) or one says of a man, (
Msb on the authority of the Mukhtasar el-'Eyn, and
TA on the authority of the
T,) عَثَرَ, (
Msb,
TA,)
inf. n. عُثُورٌ, (
Msb,) or عَثْرَةٌ; (
TA; [perhaps a mistranscription for عَثْرٌ;]) and of a horse, عَثَرَ,
inf. n. عِثَارٌ; (
Msb,
TA;) فِعَالٌ being a measure of
inf. ns. of verbs signifying various faults of horses and the like. (
TA.) You say, عَثَرَ فِى ثَوْبِهِ [He stumbled, or tripped, upon his garment]. (
S,
O,
Msb.) And فِى أَذْيَالِهِ ↓ خَرَجَ يَتَعَثَّرُ [He went forth stumbling, or tripping, upon his skirts]. (
A.) And عَثَرَ بِهِ فَرَسُهُ فَسَقَطَ [His horse stumbled, or tripped, with him, and he fell]. (
S, O.) and it is said in a
prov., الجَوَادُ قَدْ يَعْثُرُ [The swift and excellent horse sometimes stumbles, or trips]: applied to a person by whom a slip that is not of his nature is seen to have been committed. (
O.)
b2: [Hence,] عَثَرَ فِى كَلَامِهِ and ↓ تعثّر (
tropical:) [He stumbled, or tripped, in his speech]. (
A.) and لِسَانُهُ ↓ تعثّر (
tropical:) His tongue halted, faltered, or hesitated. (
S,
O,
TA.)
b3: And [hence,
app.,] عَثَرَ, (
Kr,
K,
TA,)
inf. n. عَثْرٌ, (
Kr,
O,
TA,) (assumed
tropical:) He lied. (
Kr,
O,
K,
TA.) One says, فُلَانٌ فِى العَثْرِ وَالبَائِنِ, meaning (assumed
tropical:) [Such a one is occupied] in truth and falsehood [or rather in falsehood and truth]. (
O,
TA.)
b4: And عَثَرَ عَلَيْهِ, (
S,
A,
Mgh,
O,
Msb,)
aor. ـُ (
S,
O,
Msb) and عَثِرَ, (
TA,)
inf. n. عَثْرٌ and عُثُورٌ, (
O,
Msb,
K, [the latter erroneously written in the
CK عَثُور,]) (
tropical:) [He stumbled on it; lighted on it by chance;] he got, or obtained, knowledge of it; or sight and knowledge of it; became acquainted with it; knew it; or saw it; (
S,
A,
Mgh,
O,
Msb,
K, *
TA;) accidentally, or without seeking; (
TA;) [and so عَثَرَ بِهِ; (see an
ex. voce أَشْرَسُ;)] and ↓ أَعْثَرَ signifies the same; but
accord. to the usage of the
Kur-án, you say أَعْثَرْتُ غَيْرِى: so in the Kitáb el-Abniyeh of
IKtt. (
TA. [See 4.]) You say, عَثَرَ عَلَى سِرِّ الرَّجُلِ (
tropical:) He obtained knowledge of, or became acquainted with, the secret of the man [accidentally]. (
TA.) [Hence,] فَإِنْ عُثِرَ عَلَى أَنَّهُمَا اسْتَحَقَّا إِثْمًا, in the
Kur [
v. 106], means (
tropical:) But if it become known, or seen, (
Ksh,
Mgh,
O,
Bd,
Jel,) that they two have done what has necessitated sin, (
Ksh,
Bd,
Jel,) and deserved its being said of them that they were sinners. (
Ksh.) And عَثَرَ,
aor. ـُ
inf. n. عُثُورٌ, as
expl. by
Lth, means (assumed
tropical:) He (a man) entered suddenly, or unexpectedly, upon an affair upon which another had not so entered. (
TA.)
b5: عَثَرَ جَدُّهُ, (
K,
TA,)
aor. ـُ and عَثِرَ, (
TA,) means (
tropical:) His fortune, or good fortune, fell;
syn. تَعِسَ; (
K,
TA;) as being likened to one who has stumbled, or tripped, or fallen upon his face. (
TA.)
b6: عَثَرَ العِرْقُ, (
Lh,
K,)
inf. n. عَثْرٌ, (
Lh,
TA,) The vein pulsed. (
Lh,
K,
TA.)
b7: عَثَرَ بِهِ: see 4.
b8: [Hence,] عَثَرَ بِهِمْ الزَّمَانُ (
tropical:) Time, or fortune, destroyed them: (
TA:) or caused them to be overcome. (
O.) 2 عَثَّرَ see the next paragraph, in three places.
4 اعثرهُ He caused him to stumble, or trip; or to fall upon his face; [or simply, to fall;] as also ↓ عثّرهُ; (
K,
TA;) [and so بِهِ ↓ عَثَرَ; (see 1, last sentence, and see also عَاثُورٌ, first sentence;)] said of God. (
TA.)
IAar cites as an
ex., فَخَرَجْتُ أُعْثَرُ فِى مَقَادِمِ جُبَّتِى
لَوْلَا الحَيَآءُ أَطَرْتُهُ إِحْضَارَا [And I went forth, made to stumble, or trip, upon the fore parts of my jubbeh: but for the sense of shame, I had made it to fly, in running]:
accord. to one relation, however, the verb in question, in this verse, is أَعْثُرُ. (
TA.) And اعثرهُ اللّٰهُ is
syn. with أَتْعَسَهُ [of which see various explanations in art. تعس]. (
TA.)
b2: [Hence,] اعثر بِهِ عِنْدَ السُّلْطَانِ, (
K,) or عِنْدَهُ ↓ عثّرهُ, (
A,) (
tropical:) He impugned his character to the Sultán, (
A,
O,
K,) and sought to make him fall into destruction by means of the latter. (
A.)
b3: And اعثرهُ عَلَيْهِ (
tropical:) [He made him to stumble upon it, or to light on it by chance; or] he made him to get, or obtain, knowledge of it, or sight and knowledge of it; to become acquainted with it; to know it; or to see it; (
S,
A,
O,
Msb,
K; *) accidentally, or without seeking. (
B,
TA.) Hence the phrase in the
Kur [xviii. 20] أَعْثَرْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ; (
S, Ta;) in which غَيْرَهُمْ, the
objective complement, is suppressed. (
TA.) And اعثرهُ عَلَى أَصْحَابِهِ (
tropical:) He guided him, or showed him the way, to his companions. (
A.)
b4: اعثر جَدَّهُ, and ↓ عثّرهُ, (assumed
tropical:) He [i. e. God] made his fortune, or good fortune, to fall. (
K. [See عَثَرَ جَدُّهُ.])
A2: See also 1, latter half.
5 تَعَثَّرَ see 1, in four places.
Q. Q. 1 عَثْيَرَ القَوْمُ [from عِثْيَرٌ] The people, or party, raised the dust, or earth, or bits of dry clay or compact earth, (termed عِثْيَر,) with the extremities of their toes, in walking. (
Kh,
Har p. 488.)
A2: عَيْثَرَ الطَّيْرَ [from عَيْثَرٌ] He saw, or beheld, the birds: or he saw that the birds ran: (
O:) or he saw the birds running, and augured from them (فَزَجَرَهَا). (
K. [But this addition, فزجرها, is evidently taken from an explanation of the words here following.]) A poet says, لَقَدْ عَيْثَرْتَ طَيْرَكَ لَوْ تَعِيفُ [i. e. Thou sawest, or beheldest, thy birds; &c.: would that thou wouldst augur from them, and take warning]. (
O.) And you say, عَيْثَرْتُ الشَّىْءَ I saw, or beheld, the thing; (
L,
TA;) and individuated it. (
TA.) عَثْرٌ: see عَثَرِىٌّ.
عُثْرٌ A lie; or falsehood; (
K;) as also ↓ عَثَرٌ. (
IAar,
K.)
A2: Also The Eagle: (
K:) a meaning also assigned in the
K, in art. عبر, but erroneously, to عُبْرٌ. (
TA.) عَثَرٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.
عَثْرَةٌ A stumble, or trip, (
Msb,
TA,) in walking, or going along:
pl. عَثَرَاتٌ. (
TA.)
b2: and [hence,] (
tropical:) A slip, lapse, fault, wrong action, or mistake; (
S,
O,
Msb,
TA;) so called as being a fall into sin or crime. (
Msb.) One says, أَقَالَ اللّٰهُ عَثْرَتَكَ (
tropical:) [May God cancel thy slip, lapse, fault, &c.]. (
A.) And it is said in a
trad., لَا حَلِيمَ إِلَّا ذُو عَثْرَةٍ i. e. (
tropical:) There is no one to be characterized as of a forbearing disposition except he be one who has committed a slip, and becomes admonished thereby, distinguishing the occasions of error so as to avoid them [and to make allowance for others who have done the like]. (
TA.)
b3: And (assumed
tropical:) War, or fight, against unbelievers or others; because war, or fight, is an occasion of frequent stumbling, or tripping: so in a
trad., in which it is said, لَا تَبْدَأْهُمْ بِالعَثْرَةِ (assumed
tropical:) [Begin not ye with them by war]; meaning invite ye them first to El-Islám or to the payment of the poll-tax; and if they assent not, then have recourse to war. (
TA.) عَثِرَةٌ Land (أَرْض) without herbage, being high, and overspread with عِثْيَر, i. e. dust: (
O,
TA:) and said to occur in a
trad. as the name of a particular land. (
O,
K, *
TA.) عَثَرِىٌّ
i. q. عِذْىٌ, (
Az,
S,
O,
Msb,
TA,) as some say; (
Msb;) i. e., (
Az,
S,
O,
TA,) Such as is watered by the rain (
Az,
S,
K,
TA) alone, (
S,) of palm-trees, (
Az,
O,
TA,) or of seed-produce: (
S:) or such as is watered by water running upon the surface of the ground, (
O,
Msb,) of palmtrees: (
Msb:) or seed-produce that is watered by torrents and by rain, the water being made to flow thereto in channels: (
TA:) and ↓ عَثْرٌ signifies the same: (
K,
TA:) or,
accord. to
IAth, palm-trees (نَخِيل) that imbibe with their roots of the rain-water that collects in a part hollowed out in the ground: (
TA:) the former term is said to be thus applied because what is so called is as though it stumbled upon water without any labour of its owner; regarding it as an irregular rel.
n. from العَثْرُ: (
O, *
TA:) but Abu-l-'Abbás [i. e.
Th] says that, thus applied, it is with teshdeed to the ث [i. e. عَثَّرِىٌّ], though not in the sense here following. (
TA.)
b2: Also (
tropical:) A man who does not occupy himself in seeking the things of the present world nor those of the world to come: (
O,
K,
TA:) occurring in a
trad., in which such is said to be the most hateful of mankind to God: (
O,
TA:) in this sense, sometimes written with teshdeed to the ث, (
K,
TA,) and thus it is
accord. to
Sh (
O,
TA) and
IAar; (
TA;) but correctly without teshdeed: (
Th,
K,
TA:) and said by some to be from عَثَرِىٌّ applied to palm-trees. (
O, *
TA.) One says also, جَآءَ فُلَانٌ عَثَرِيًّا, meaning (
tropical:) Such a one came unoccupied. (
O,
TA.)
عَثَارٌ or
عِثَارٌ: see عَاثُورٌ, in six places:
A2: and for
عِثَارٌ see also عِثْيَرٌ.
عَثُورٌ [Having a habit of stumbling or tripping, or of falling:] that stumbles, or trips, and falls, much or often. (
Har p. 296.) عِثْيَرٌ, (
S,
O,
K,) not عَثْيَرٌ, for there is not in the language any word of the measure فَعْيَلٌ, with fet-h to the ف, except ضَهْيَدٌ, meaning “ hardy, strong, or robust,” and this is [said to be] forged, (
S,
O, [but see ضهيد,]) Dust, (
MA,
O,
K,)
syn. غُبَارٌ, (
O,) or عَجَاجٌ, and تُرَابٌ, (
K,) and thus ↓ عِثْيَرَاتٌ is
expl. by
Sb; (
TA;) or dust rising or spreading; (
S,
MA; *) as also ↓ عِثْيَرَةٌ; (
TA;) and ↓
عِثَارٌ signifies the same. (
MA.)
b2: and Clay, or earth, (
K,
TA,) or dust, or bits of clay or compact earth, (
TA,) which one turns over (
K,
TA) with the extremities of the feet (
K) or of the toes, in walking, or going along, no other mark of the foot being seen: (
TA:) and an obscure trace or mark, (
K,
TA,) said to be more obscure than such as is termed أَثَرٌ: (
TA:) and so ↓ عَيْثَرٌ, with the ى put before [the ث] and with fet-h to the ع in both [of these senses: misunderstood by
SM as meaning “ and with fet-h to the ع in both words,” i. e. in عثير and عيثر]: (
K:) or ↓ عَيْثَرٌ signifies an obscure trace or mark: (
S:) and Yaakoob mentions the saying مَا رَأَيْتُ
↓ لَهُ أَثَرًا وَلَا عَيْثَرًا and وَلَا عِثْيَرًا [
app. meaning I saw not any trace of him nor any obscure trace]: (
S, O:) or ولا عِثْيَرًا means, nor clay, or earth, &c., turned over by the extremities of his feet: (
TA:) and it is said that ↓ ولا عَيْثَرًا means, nor bodily form. (
O.) And [it is said that] مَا لَهُ أَثَرٌ وَلَا عِثْيَرٌ and ↓ ولا عَيْثَرٌ means He is not known to be a pedestrian by the appearing of his foot-mark, nor to be a horseman by his horse's raising the dust. (
TA.) [See also
Har p. 488.]
عِثْيَرَةٌ, and its
pl. عِثْيَرَاتٌ: see عِثْيَرٌ.
b2: One says also أَرْضٌ عِثْيَرَةٌ, meaning A land in which is much dust. (
TA.) عَاثِرٌ [Stumbling, or tripping; &c.
b2: And] (assumed
tropical:) A liar. (
TA.)
b3: And one says also جَدٌّ عَاثِرٌ (assumed
tropical:) [Fortune, or good fortune, in a falling state: (see 1, near the end:)]
pl. عَوَاثِرُ: (
TA:)
b4: or this may be pl of عَاثِرٌ signifying The snare of a sportsman:
b5: or it may be
pl. of ↓ عَاثِرَةٌ signifying (assumed
tropical:) An accident that destroys, or causes to be overcome, him whom it befalls: (
O:)
b6: or it may be
pl. of عَاثُورٌ [
q. v.], the ى being suppressed, (
O,
TA,) by poetic license, in a verse in which it occurs. (
TA.) عَيْثَرٌ The substance of a thing; its bodily, or corporeal, form;
syn. عَيْنٌ and شَخْصٌ. (
T,
O,
L,
K,
TA. [In this sense, it is said in the
TA to be erroneously written in all the copies of the
K عَثْيَر, with the ث before the ى; but I find it written عَيْثَر in my
MS. copy of the
K and also in the
CK.]) See also عِثْيَرٌ, in five places.
عَاثِرَةٌ: see عَاثِرٌ.
عَاثُورٌ A pit dug for a lion or other [animal], (
S,
A,
O,) that he may fall into it, (
A,) in order that he may be taken: (
S, O:) this is the primary signification: (
A:) or a thing that is prepared for one to fall into it: (
K:) or, as also
عثار [i. e. ↓
عَثَارٌ or ↓
عِثَارٌ (see what follows)], a thing by which one is made to stumble and fall;
expl. by بِهِ ↓ مَا عُثِرَ: (
TA:) the
pl. is عَوَاثِيرُ; whence, perhaps, عَوَاثِرُ, by suppression of the ى. (
O,
TA. [See عَاثرٌ.])
b2: [Hence,] (assumed
tropical:) A place of perdition: (
TA voce حَاجُورٌ:) or (
tropical:) a cause, or place, of perdition or of death: (
A,
K:) applied to a land. (
K.) You say, وَقَعَ فِى عَاثُورٍ (
tropical:) He fell into a cause, or place, of perdition or of death. (
A,
TA.) And فُلَانٌ يَقِى صَاحِبَهُ العَوَاثِرَ (
tropical:) [Such a one preserves his companion from the causes, or places, of perdition or of death]. (
A.) And it is said in a
trad., إِنَّ قُرَيْشًا أَهْلُ أَمَانَةٍ مَنْ بَغَاهَا العَوَاثِيرَ كَبَّهُ اللّٰهُ لِمَنْخِرَيْهِ (assumed
tropical:) [Verily the tribe of Kureysh are people of fidelity: whoso seeks for them the causes, or places, of perdition or of death, may God lay him prostrate upon his nostrils]: or,
accord. to one relation, عَوَاثِرَ. (
O,
TA.)
b3: And [hence,] (
tropical:) Difficulty, or distress; as also عَاثُورُ شَرٍّ: (
S, O:) and evil; (
K,
TA;) like عَاذُورٌ, which is a
dial. var. thereof, or an instance of mispronunciation; (
S and O in art. عذر;) as also ↓
عَثَارٌ, (
accord. to some copies of the
K,) or ↓
عِثَارٌ: (thus in other copies of the
K and in the
TA [in the latter of which it is said to be with kesr; and this I think to be the more probably correct; originally an
inf. n.]:) and شَرٍّ ↓
عِثَارُ is said by
Fr to signify the same as عَاثُورُ شَرٍّ. (
TA.) You say, لَقِيتُ مِنْهُ عَاثُورًا, (
As,
S,
O,
TA,) and ↓
عِثَارًا, (
TA,) (
tropical:) I experienced from him, or it, difficulty, or distress. (
As,
S,
O,
TA.) And وَقَعُوا فِى عَاثُورِ شَرٍّ, (
As,
S,
O,
TA,) and عَافُورِ شَرٍّ, (
S,
O,) (
tropical:) They fell into difficulty, or distress: (
As,
S, O:) or into a confusion of evil and difficulty or distress. (
TA.) It is the opinion of Yaakoob that the ف in عَافُور is a substitute for the ث in عَاثُور: but
Az observes that this is not necessarily the case, as the meaning of difficulty is implied in the root عفر. (
TA.)
b4: It is said to signify also A kind of snare (مِصْيَدَة) made of bark. (
O.)
b5: And A channel that is dug for the purpose of irrigating thereby a palm-tree such as is termed بَعْلٌ. (
O.)
b6: And A well. (
K.)
A2: And it may also be used as an
epithet [
app. meaning Perilous, or destructive]. (
ISd,
TA.)
