عدس

1 عَدَسَ فِى الأَرْضِ, (AA, S, O, K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. عَدْسٌ (AA, O, K) and عَدَسَانٌ and عِدَاسٌ (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K) and عُدُوسٌ, (O, K,) He went away [or journeyed] into, or in, or through, the country, or land. (AA, S, O, K.) One says, عَدَسَتْ بِهِ المَنِيَّةُ (S, O) i. e. [Death] took him away. (O.) And El-Kumeyt says, أُكَلِّفُهَا هَوْلَ الظَّلَامِ وَلَمْ أَزَلْ

↓ إِلَىَّ وَعَادِسَا ↓ أَخَا اللَّيْلِ مَعْدُوسًا or عَلَىَّ, as some relate it, (O, [and thus, instead of إِلَىَّ, in one of my copies of the S,]) meaning [I constrain them (referring to camels mentioned in a preceding verse) to bear the terror of the darkness, and I cease not to be, as a nightfarer,] journeyed to by night [and journeying]. (S, O.) [It is added in the S, as though to indicate another meaning, وَعَدَسَ لُغَةٌ فِى حَدَسَ; and in the O and K, وَالعَدْسُ الحَدْسُ; (in the O with أَيْضًا between these two inf. ns.;) but accord. to the TA, the meaning intended by this is, The going away into, or in, the country, or land: see, however, what here follows.] b2: العَدْسُ also signifies The treading hard, or vehemently, (شِدَّةُ الوَطْءِ, S, O, K, TA,) upon the ground; and so الحَدْسُ. (TA.) b3: And i. q. الكَدْحُ [app. as meaning The working, or labouring; or toiling, or labouring hard]; (S, O, K, TA;) as also الحَدْسُ. (TA.) b4: And, accord. to IKtt, عَدَسَ, said of a man, signifies قَوِىَ عَلَى الشَّرِّ [He was strong to do evil, or mischief: but I think it probable that the right explanation is, على السَّيْرِ or على السُّرَى, i. e. to journey, or to journey by night: see عَدُوسٌ]. (TA.) A2: عَدَسَ, aor. ـِ (AA, O, K,) inf. n. عَدْسٌ, (TA,) also signifies He served [another]; syn. خَدَمَ. (AA, O, K.) b2: And عَدَسَ المَالَ, inf. n. عَدْسٌ, He pastured the cattle, or camels &c. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K, TA.) And هُوَ يَعْدِسُ عَلَيْهِ He pastures for him. (Ibn-'Abbád, O.) A3: عَدَسَ بِهِ, (O, K,) and عَدَسَهُ, (IKtt, * O,) He said to him (i. e. to a mule, O) عَدَسْ [q. v.]. (IKtt, O, K.) A4: عُدِسَ, He had an eruption of the small pustule called عَدَسَة [q. v.]. (K, * O, * TA.) 3 عادس He journeyed continually. (Freytag, from the Deewán of Jereer.)]

عَدَسْ A cry by which one chides a mule, (IDrd, S, IKtt, * O, K,) to urge him: (IKtt:) sometimes, by poetic license, it is made decl.: (L, TA:) the vulgar say عد [app. عَدْ]. (TA.) b2: Hence, (TA,) sometimes, (S, O,) it is also used as a name for The mule; (S, O, K;) like as the ass is [sometimes] called سَأْ سَأْ, which is [origiginally] a cry whereby one chides an ass; and there are other instances of the same kind. (TA.) عَدَسٌ [Lentils;] a well-known grain; (S, O, K;) also called عَلَسٌ and بُلُسٌ: (TA:) n. un. with ة. (O, K.) b2: عَدَسُ المَآءِ A certain plant [of which I have not found any description]. (See art. ساذج, last sentence.) عَدَسَةٌ A small pustule, (Lth, S, * O, * K,) resembling the عَدَسة [commonly so called, i. e. the single grain of lentil], (Lth, TA,) which comes forth (Lth, O, K) in the body (Lth, K) in a man, (S, O,) dispersedly, like the طَاعُون [or plague], (Lth, TA,) of which it is said to be a kind, (Lth, O, TA,) and kills, (Lth, O, K,) or sometimes kills, (S,) or generally kills, (Lth, TA,) few recovering from it: (Lth, O:) it was feared by the tribe of Kureysh, as being transitive. (O.) عَدَسِيَّةٌ A soup made by boiling yellow lentils in water, till nearly dissolved, and then adding red vinegar, coriander, and salt. (Ibn-Jezleh, quoted, from Channing, by Greenhill, in his Transl. of Er-Rázee on Small-pox and Measles.) A2: It is now applied also to Bats' dung; which is used in medicine, administered internally; and also applied externally, mixed with vinegar, to tumours: so says Forskål in his Descr. Animalium, p. iii.: but he there states عدسيه to be an appel-lation of the bat itself.]

عَدُوسٌ, applied to a female, [and app. to a male also,] Bold, or daring; (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K, TA;) strong to journey. (TA.) And عَدُوسُ السُّرَى Strong to journey (S, O, K) by night; as a masc. epithet; (O, K;) and as a fem. epithet applied to the hyena: (S, O:) or عَدُوسُ اللَّيْلِ, as meaning strong to journey by night, is applied to a man and to a woman and to a camel. (TA.) عَادِسٌ: see the verse cited in the first paragraph.

مَعْدُوسٌ: see the verse above mentioned.

A2: Also Having an eruption of the small pustule termed عَدَسَةٌ. (K, * O, * TA.)

عرس

1 عَرِسَ بِهِ, (S, O, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) inf. n. عَرَسٌ, (TA,) He kept, or clave, to him or it; (S, O, Msb, K;) as also ↓ أَعْرَسَهُ. (O, K.) From this, and from another signification of the same verb, which see below, عَرُوسٌ is said [by some] to be derived. (Msb.) You say, عَرِسَ الرَّجُلُ بِقِرْنِهِ The man kept, or clave, to his opponent or adversary, in fight. (Mgh.) And عَرِسَ الصَّبِىُّ بِأُمِّهِ, (TA,) or أُمَّهُ, (Mgh,) The child kept to his mother. (Mgh, TA.) And عَرِسَ الشَّرُّ بِهِمْ Evil clung, or stuck fast, to them, and continued. (TA.) b2: [Hence, perhaps,] عَرِسَ الشَّىْءُ, [or, perhaps, الشَّرُّ,] inf. n. as above, The thing [or evil or mischief] became vehement, or severe, or distressful. (TA.) A2: عَرِسَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. عَرَسٌ, He (a man) was, or became, fatigued: (TA:) or عَرِسَ, (IKtt,) or عَرِسَ عَنِ الجِمَاعِ, (Msb,) he (a man) was, or became, fatigued, or weak, and so disabled, or incapacitated, from copulation; syn. كَلَّ, (Msb,) and أَعْيَا, (IKtt, Msb,) عن الجماع. (IKtt.) From this, and from another signification of the same verb, mentioned above, عَرُوسٌ is said [by some] to be derived. (Msb.) b2: Also He was, or became, confounded or perplexed, and unable to see his right course; syn. دَهِشَ: (S, O, K:) and so عَرِشَ. (TA.) b3: and عَرِسَ عَنْهُ He held back, or refrained, from him, or it, through cowardice. (TA.) b4: And عَرِسَ عَلَىَّ مَا عِنْدَهُ i. q. اِمْتَنَعَ [i. e. What he had was unattainable, or difficult of attainment, to me]. (IAar, O, K. [In the CK, علَى is put for عَلَىَّ.]) A3: عَرَسَ البَعِيرَ, (S, O, K,) aor. ـُ (S, O, TA) and عَرِسَ, (TA,) inf. n. عَرْسٌ, (S, O,) He bound the camel's fore shank to his neck, (S, O, K,) while he was lying down, (S, O,) with the rope called ↓ عِرَاسٌ: (S, O, K:) or, as some say, he bound the neck of the camel to both of his fore legs. (TA.) 2 عرّسوا, (Msb, K,) inf. n. تَعْرِيسٌ; (S, Mgh, O, Msb;) and ↓ اعرسوا; (S, O, K;) but the former is the more common; (K;) the latter, rare; (S, O;) They alighted (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K) during a journey, (S, Mgh, O, Msb,) in the last part of the night, (S, Mgh, O, K,) for a rest, (S, O, Msb, K,) and made their camels lie down, and took a nap, or slight sleep, (TA,) and then departed, (S, Msb,) and continued their journey, at daybreak: (TA:) [see also 2 in art. عوه:] or they journeyed all the day, and alighted in the first part of the night: (TA:) or they alighted (Az, Msb, TA) in a usual place of resort (TA) at any time of the night or day. (Az, Msb, TA.) [Hence,] لَيْلَةُ التَّعْرِيسِ The night in which the Apostle of God slept: (O, K:) the story of which is well known, in the biographies of him and in the traditions. (TA.) [It was when he was returning from the siege and capture of Kheyber: he halted in the latter part of the night, and unintentionally slept until the time of the prayer of daybreak had passed. See “ Mishcàt ul-Masábìh,” vol. i., p. 146.]

A2: See also 4.

A3: عُرِّسَ, inf. n. as above, It (a chamber) had an عَرْس [q. v.] made to it. (TA.) 4 اعرس He made, or prepared, a marriagefeast. (S, O, Msb, K, TA.) b2: [He became a bridegroom.] And اعرس بِأَهْلِهِ, (S, O, K,) or بِامْرَأَتِهِ, (Mgh, * Msb,) He had his wife conducted to him on the occasion of the marriage; syn. بَنَى

بِهَا, (T, S,) or بَنَى عَلَيْهَا; (Mgh, O, K;) as also بها ↓ عرّس; (TA;) or this latter is only used by the vulgar; (S, O, TA;) or is a mistake: (Mgh, Msb:) and he abode with his wife during the days of and after that event: (TA:) [and] he went in to his wife (IAth, Msb) [a signification which may be meant to be included in the explanation بني بها or بنى عليها] on the occasion of that event; meaning, he compressed her; وَطْءٌ being thus called إِعْرَاسٌ because it is a consequence of إِعْرَاس [properly so termed]: (IAth:) the phrase also signifies [simply] he compressed his wife. (S, TA.) A2: See also 2: A3: and see عَرِسَ بِهِ.5 تعرّس لِامْرَأَتِهِ He manifested, or showed, love, or affection, to his wife, (A, Ibn-'Abbád, O, K,) and kept to her. (TA.) [App. originally signifying He behaved like a bridegroom (عَرُوس) to his wife.]

عَرْسٌ A wall which is placed between the two [main lateral] walls of the winter-chamber, not reaching to the further end thereof, (S, O, K, TA,) then the beam is laid from the inner extremity of that wall to the further end of the chamber, (TA,) and it is roofed over, (S, O, K, TA,) i. e. the whole chamber is roofed over: what is between the two walls [above mentioned] is [called] a سَهْوَة [q. v.], and what is beneath the beam [app. with what is screened by the middle wall from the portion (of the chamber) in which is the entrance] is the مُِخْدَع: (TA:) this is done for the sake of more warmth, and only in cold countries: (S, O, K, TA:) and it is called in Pers\. بيجه [correctly پيچه]: (S, TA:) and عَرْصٌ is [said to be] a dial. var. thereof. (TA.) عُرْسٌ (Az, S, Msb, K) and ↓ عُرُسٌ (Az, S, K) substs. from أَعْرَسَ as signifying “ he had his wife conducted to him on the occasion of his marriage,” and “ he went in to her: ” (Az, TA:) The ceremony of conducting a bride to her husband: (Msb:) or the ministration, or performance, of a marriage, and of the ceremony of conducting the bride to her husband: (TA:) or [simply] marriage: or coitus: syn. نِكَاحٌ: (K, TA:) because this is the real thing intended by الإِعْرَاس: (TA:) in the first of these senses, it is masc. and fem.; or, accord. to some, fem. only: as masc., its pl. is أَعْرَاسٌ; and as fem., its pl. is عُرُسَاتٌ. (Msb.) Hence [the trad.], إِذَا دُعِىَ أَحَدُكُمْ إِلَى وَلِيمَةِ عُرْسٍ فَلْيُجِبْ When any one of you is invited to a marriage-feast, or a feast given on the occasion of the conducting of a bride to her husband, let him consent. (Mgh.) b2: And hence, (Az, TA,) A marriage-feast: (A 'Obeyd, Az, S, O, K:) or a feast made on the occasion of conducting a bride to her husband: (Msb:) in this sense it is masc.: (Msb:) or mase, and fem.: (S, O:) or fem., and sometimes mase. (Az, TA.) A rájiz says, إِنَّا وَجَدْنَا عُرُسَ الحَنَّاطِ لَئِيمَةً مَذْمُومَةَ الحُوَّاطِ [Verily we found the marriage-feast of the wheatseller to be mean, discommended for the managers: see also حُوَاطَةٌ]. (Az, S, O, TA.) Pl. as above, i. e., أَعْرَاسٌ and عُرُسَاتٌ. (S, O, K.) [See an ex. voce خُرْسٌ.] b3: [And hence,] A state of rejoicing. (IB, voce مَأْتَمٌ, q. v.) b4: The dim. is [عُرَيْسٌ,] without ة; which is extr., [accord. to those who hold it to be fem. only,] for [accord, to them] it should have ة, being a fem. n. of three letters. (TA.) عِرْسٌ A man's wife: (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K:) and a woman's husband: (O, Msb, K:) pl. (in both senses, TA) أَعْرَاسٌ: (S, O, Msb, K, TA:) the dual, عِرْسَانِ, is sometimes applied to the male and female, (S, O,) or husband and wife: (TA:) and to a male and female ostrich: (IB:) and the sing., to the mate of the lion: (S, A, O, K:) and the pl. is applied, metaphorically, by Málik Ibn-Khuweylid El-Hudhalee, to lions. (TA.) A2: اِبْنُ عِرْسٍ [The weasel; and a weasel;] a certain small animal, (Lth, S, O, Msb, K,) well known, (TA,) resembling the rat (الفَأْرَة), (Msb,) smaller than the cat, (Lth, O, TA,) having the lower lip cleft (أَشْتَرُ), and very short ears, as though they were amputated, (Lth, O, K,) and having a canine tooth; (TA;) called in Persian رَاسُوْ: (S, Mgh:) the name is determinate and indeterminate: (TA:) pl. بَنَاتُ عِرْسٍ, (S, Msb, K,) applied to the males and the females; (O, K;) like as you say اِبْنُ آوَى and اِبْنُ مَخَاضٍ and اِبْنُ لَبُونٍ and اِبْنُ مَآءٍ, and in the pl. بَنَاتُ آوَى and بَنَاتُ مَخَاضٍ and بَنَاتُ لَبُونٍ and بَنَاتُ مَآءٍ; or, accord. to Akh, you say بَنَاتُ عِرْسٍ and بَنُو عِرْسٍ, like بَنَاتُ نَعْشٍ and بَنُو نَعْشٍ. (S, O.) عِرِسٌ One who quits not the place of conflict, by reason of courage. (TA.) b2: العَرِسُ The lion: (O, K:) because he keeps to the preying upon men; or because he keeps to his covert, or retreat. (O, * TA.) A2: Also Confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course; syn. دَهِشٌ. (S, O, K.) عُرُسٌ: see عُرْسٌ.

عِرْسِىٌّ A certain dye; (K;) a certain colour of dye, likened to the colour of the اِبْنُ عِرْس [or weasel]. (S, O.) عِرَاسٌ: see 1, last sentence.

عَرُوسٌ A bridegroom: and a bride: i. e., a man, and a woman, during the period of their إِعْرَاس or أَعْرَاس [thus differently written in different MSS.]; (S, A, O, Msb, K;) or when the one goes in to the other: (IAth:) you say رَجُلٌ عَرُوسٌ [a bridegroom, vulgarly, in the present day, ↓ عَرِيس,] and اِمْرَأَةٌ عَرُوسٌ [a bride, vulgarly, in the present day, ↓ عَرُوسَة]: (S:) and عُرُوسٌ is a dial. var. of the same: (IAar, TA:) pl. mase.

عُرُسٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and أَعْرَاسٌ; (TA;) and pl. fem. عَرَائِسُ. (S, O, Msb, K.) [See عَرِسَ, in two places.] It is said in a prov., كَادَ العَرُوسُ يَكُونُ أَمِيرًا [The bridegroom was near to being a prince]. (S: in the O, مَلِكًا.) The dim. is عُرَيِّسٌ, without the addition of ة to distinguish the fem., because of the fourth letter. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] أَبْيَاتٌ عَرَائِسُ (tropical:) Verses of which the words are marked with diacritical points: for, as Esh-Shereeshee says, the Arabs used to adorn the bride by speckling her cheeks with saffron: opposed to أَبْيَاتٌ عَوَاطِلُ. (Har p. 610.) b3: [Hence also,] عَرَائِسُ الإِبِلِ (assumed tropical:) The high-bred of camels. (A.) عَرِيس: see the next preceding paragraph.

عَرُوسَة: see the next preceding paragraph.

عِرِّيسٌ and عِرِّيسَةٌ, [the latter the more common,] A thicket: (L:) the covert, or retreat, of the lion, (S, O, K, TA,) in a thicket. (TA.) [It is said in a prov.,] كَمُبْتَغِى الصَّيْدِ فِى عِرِّيسَةِ الأَسَدِ [Like the seeker of game in the covert of the lion]: from a verse of Et-Tirimmáh. (Z, O. [See Freytag's Arab. Prov., ii. 360.] (TA.) b2: Also the former, The place of growth [or origin] of the stock of a man, among his people. (TA.) عِرِّيسَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مُعْرَسٌ: see what next follows.

مُعَرَّسٌ (S, O, K) and ↓ مُعْرَسٌ, (O, K,) [the former of which is the more common,] A place where people alight (S, O, K) during a journey, (S,) in the last part of the night, for a rest, (S, O, K,) and make their camels lie down, and take a nap, or slight sleep, (TA,) after which they depart, (S,) and continue their journey, at daybreak: (TA:) or a place where people alight in the first part of the night, after journeying all the day: or a usual place of resort where people alight at any time of the night or day. (TA.) b2: Also the former, A chamber (بَيْت) having an عَرْس [q. v.] made to it. (S, O, K.)

آداب الفاضل شمس الدين
محمد بن أشرف الحسيني، السمرقندي، الحكيم، المحقق، صاحب (الصحائف والقسطاس).
المتوفى: في حدود سنة ستمائة.
وهي: أشهر كتب الفن.
ألفها: لنجم الدين عبد الرحمن.
جعلها على ثلاثة فصول:
الأول: في التعريفات.
والثاني: في ترتيب البحث.
والثالث في المسائل التي اخترعها.
وأول هذه الرسالة (المنة لواهب العقل... الخ).
وعليها شروح أشهرها:
شرح: المحقق، كمال الدين: مسعود الشرواني، ويقال له: (الرومي)، تلميذ شاه فتح الله.
وهما من رجال: القرن التاسع.
وهو شرح لطيف ممزوج بالمتن ممتاز عنه بالخط فوقه.
وعلى هذا الشرح حواشي وتعليقات، أجلها:
حاشية: العلامة، جلال الدين: محمد بن أسعد الصديقي، الدواني.
المتوفى: سنة ثمان وتسعمائة.
وأول هذه الحاشية: (قال المصنف المنة لواهب العقل عدل عما هو المشهور... الخ).
كتب إلى أوائل الفصل الثاني.
وأعظمها حاشية: الفاضل، عماد الدين: يحيى بن أحمد الكاشي. وهو من رجال القرن العاشر، كتبها تماما.
أولها قوله (المنة علينا... الخ).
سلك طريقة العمل بالحديث... الخ.
ويقال لها: (الحاشية السوداء).
لغموض مباحثها، ودقة معانيها.
وأفيدها: حاشية، مولانا: أحمد، الشهير: بديكقوز، من علماء الدولة الفاتحية العثمانية.
كتبها تماما بقال، أقول.
وأول هذه الحاشية: (إن أحسن ما يستعان به في الأمور الحسان... الخ).
وأدقها حاشية: المحقق، عصام الدين: إبراهيم بن محمد الأسفرايني.
المتوفى: بسمرقند، سنة ثلاث وأربعين وتسعمائة.
ومن الحواشي: على شرح كمال الدين مسعود:
حاشية: عبد الرحيم الشرواني.
وحاشية: محمد النخجواني.
وحاشية: ابن آدم.
وحاشية: أمير حسن الرومي.
أولها: (أحسن ما يفتتح به الأمور الحسان... الخ).
وحاشية: علاء الدين: علي بن محمد، المعروف: بمصنفك.
المتوفى: سنة إحدى وسبعين وثمانمائة.
كتبها: سنة 826.
وحاشية العالم: عبد المؤمن البرزريني، المعروف: بنهاري زاده.
المتوفى: سنة 860.
ومن التعليقات المعلقة على الشرح، وحاشية العماد:
تعليقة: شجاع الدين: إلياس الرومي، المعروف: بخرضمة شجاع.
المتوفى: سنة تسع وعشرين وتسعمائة.
علقها على العماد.
ولولده: لطف الله، أيضا علقها عليه، حين قرأ على بعض العلماء.
وتعليقة: الشيخ: رمضان البهشتي، الرومي.
المتوفى: سنة تسع وسبعين وتسعمائة.
وتعليقة: الفاضل، شاه حسين.
علقها عليه أيضا، وناقش فيها مع الجلال كثيرا.
وهي تعليقة لطيفة.
ومن حواشي (شرح المسعود) :
حاشية: أبي الفتح السعيدي.
أولها (الآداب طريقة المتقربين إليك... الخ).
وحاشية: سنان الدين: يوسف الرومي، المعروف: بشاعر سنان.
أولها: (حمدا لمن منّ من فضله على من يشاء... الخ).
ومن شروح المتن أيضا:
شرح: الفاضل، علاء الدين، أبي العلاء: محمد بن أحمد البهشتي الأسفرايني، المعروف: بفخر خراسان.
المتوفى: 749.
سماه: (المآب، في شرح الآداب).
أوله: (الحمد لله المتوحد بوجوب الوجود... الخ).
وهو: شرح بالقول.
وشرح: العلامة الشاشي.
وهو: شرح ممزوج.
أوله: (نحمد الله العظيم حمدا يليق بذاته... الخ).
وشرح: قطب الدين: محمد الكيلاني.
وهو: شرح بقال أقول.
أوله: (الحمد لله الذي هدانا إلى سواء السبيل... الخ).
كتبه: 891.
وشرح: أبي حامد.
وهو: شرح مبسوط.
وشرح: عبد اللطيف بن عبد المؤمن بن إسحاق.
سماه: (كشف الأبكار، في علم الأفكار).
وشرح: برهان الدين: إبراهيم بن يوسف البلغاري.
وهو: شرح بقال أقول.
أوله: (الحمد لله ذي الإنعام... الخ).
ومن الكتب المختصرة فيه غاية الاختصار:

اليمامة:
منقول عن اسم طائر يقال له اليمام واحدته يمامة، واختلف فيه فقال الكسائيّ: اليمام من الحمام التي تكون في البيوت والحمام البري، وقال الأصمعي:
اليمام ضرب من الحمام بريّ، وأما الحمام فكل ما كان ذا طوق مثل القمري والفاختة، ويجوز أن يكون من أمّ يؤمّ إذا قصد ثم غيّر لأن الحمام يقصد مساكنه في جميع حالاته، والله أعلم، وقال المرّار الفقعسي:
إذا خفّ ماء المزن فيها تيمّمت ... يمامتها أيّ العداد تروم
وقال بعضهم: يمامة كلّ شيء قطنه، يقال: الحق بيمامتك، وهذا مبلغ اجتهادنا في اشتقاقه ثم وجدت ابن الأنباري قال: هو مأخوذ من اليمم واليمم طائر، قال: ويجوز أن يكون فعالة من يمّمت الشيء إذا
تعمدته، ويجوز أن يكون من الأمام من قولك:
زيد أمامك أي قدامك فأبدلت الهمزة ياء وأدخلت الهاء لأن العرب تقول: أمامة وأمام، قال أبو القاسم الزجاجي: هذا الوجه الأخير غير مستقيم أن يكون يمامة من أمام وأبدلت الهمزة ياء لأنه ليس بمعروف إبدال الهمزة إذا كانت أولا ياء، وأما الذي حكي أن اليمم طائر فإنما هو اليمام، حكى الأصمعي أن العرب تسمي هذه الدواجن التي في البيوت التي يسميها الناس حماما اليمام واحدتها يمامة، قال: والحمام عند العرب ذات أطواق كالقماريّ والقطا والفواخت، واليمامة في الإقليم الثاني، طولها من جهة المغرب إحدى وسبعون درجة وخمس وأربعون دقيقة، وعرضها من جهة الجنوب إحدى وعشرون درجة وثلاثون دقيقة، وفي كتاب العزيزي: إنها في الإقليم الثالث، وعرضها خمس وثلاثون درجة، وكان فتحها وقتل مسيلمة الكذاب في أيام أبي بكر الصديق، رضي الله عنه، سنة 12 للهجرة وفتحها أمير المسلمين خالد ابن الوليد عنوة ثم صولحوا، وبين اليمامة والبحرين عشرة أيام، وهي معدودة من نجد وقاعدتها حجر، وتسمى اليمامة جوّا والعروض، بفتح العين، وكان اسمها قديما جوّا فسميت اليمامة باليمامة بنت سهم بن طسم، قال أهل السير: كانت منازل طسم وجديس اليمامة وكانت تدعى جوّا وما حولها إلى البحرين ومنازل عاد الأولى الأحقاف، وهو الرمل ما بين عمان إلى الشحر إلى حضرموت إلى عدن أبين، وكانت منازل عبيل يثرب ومساكن أميم برمل عالج، وهي أرض وبار، ومساكن جرهم بتهائم اليمن ثم لحقوا بمكة ونزلوا على إسماعيل، عليه السّلام، فنشأ معهم وتزوج منهم كما ذكرنا في مكة، وكانت منازل العماليق موضع صنعاء اليوم ثم خرجوا فنزلوا حول مكة ولحقت طائفة منهم بالشام وبمصر وتفرقت طائفة منهم في جزيرة العرب إلى العراق والبحرين إلى عمان، وقيل: إن فراعنة مصر كانوا من العماليق كان منهم فرعون إبراهيم، عليه السّلام، واسمه سنان ابن علوان، وفرعون يوسف، عليه السّلام، واسمه الريّان بن الوليد، وفرعون موسى، عليه السّلام، واسمه الوليد بن مصعب، وكان ملك الحجاز رجلا من العماليق يقال له الأرقم، وكان الضحاك المعروف عند العجم ببيوراسف من العماليق غلب على ملك العجم بالعراق وهو فيما بين موسى وداود، عليه السّلام، وكان منزله بقرية يقال لها ترس، ويقال إنه من الأزد، ويقال إن طسما وجديسا هما من ولد الأزد ابن إرم بن لاوذ بن سام بن نوح، عليه السّلام، أقاموا باليمامة وهي كانت تسمى جوّا والقرية وكثروا بها وربلوا حتى ملك عليهم ملك من طسم يقال له عمليق ابن هباش بن هيلس بن ملادس بن هركوس بن طسم وكان جبارا ظلوما غشوما، وكانت اليمامة أحسن بلاد الله أرضا وأكثرها خيرا وشجرا ونخلا، قالوا:
وتنازع رجل يقال له قابس وامرأته هزيلة جديسيّان في مولود لهما أراد أبوه أخذه فأبت أمه فارتفعا إلى الملك عمليق فقالت المرأة: أيها الملك هذا ابني حملته تسعا، ووضعته رفعا، وأرضعته شبعا، ولم أنل منه نفعا، حتى إذا تمت أوصاله، واستوفى فصاله، أراد بعلي أن يأخذه كرها، ويتركني ولهى، فقال الرجل: أيها الملك أعطيتها المهر كاملا، ولم أصب منها طائلا، إلا ولدا خاملا، فافعل ما كنت فاعلا، على أنني حملته قبل أن تحمله، وكفلت أمه قبل أن تكفله، فقالت: أيها الملك حمله خفّا وحملته ثقلا، ووضعه شهوة ووضعته كرها! فلما رأى عمليق متانة حجتهما تحير فلم يدر بم يحكم فأمر بالغلام أن
يقبض منهما وأن يجعل في غلمانه وقال للمرأة:
أبغيه ولدا، وأجزيه صفدا، ولا تنكحي بعد أحدا، فقالت: أما النكاح فبالمهر، وأما السفاح فبالقهر، وما لي فيهما من أمر، فأمر عمليق بالزوج والمرأة أن يباعا ويردّ على زوجها خمس ثمنها ويرد على المرأة عشر ثمن زوجها، فاسترقّا، فقالت هزيلة:
أتينا أخا طسم ليحكم بيننا، ... فأظهر حكما في هزيلة ظالما
لعمري لقد حكمت لا متورّعا، ... ولا كنت فيما يلزم الحكم حاكما
ندمت ولم أندم، وأنّى بعترتي، ... وأصبح بعلي في الحكومة نادما
فبلغت أبياتها إلى عمليق فأمر أن لا تزوج بكر من جديس حتى تدخل عليه فيكون هو الذي يفترعها قبل زوجها، فلقوا من ذلك ذلّا حتى تزوجت امرأة من جديس يقال لها عفيرة بنت غفار أخت سيد جديس أي الأسود بن غفار وكان جلدا فاتكا، فلما كانت ليلة الإهداء خرجت والبنات حولها لتحمل إلى عمليق وهنّ يضربن بمعازفهنّ ويقلن:
ابدي بعمليق وقومي فاركبي، ... وبادري الصبح بأمر معجب
فسوف تلقين الذي لم تطلبي، ... وما لبكر دونه من مهرب
ثم أدخلت على عمليق فافترعها، وقيل: انها امتنعت عليه وكانت أيّدة فخاف العار فوجأها بحديدة في قبلها فأدماها فخرجت وقد تقاصرت عليها نفسها فشقت ثوبها من خلفها ودماؤها تسيل على قدميها فمرّت بأخيها وهو في جمع من قومه وهي تبكي وتقول:
لا أحد أذلّ من جديس ... أهكذا يفعل بالعروس؟
يرضى بهذا الفعل قطّ الحرّ ... هذا وقد أعطى وسيق المهر
لأخذه الموت كذا لنفسه ... خير من أن يفعل ذا بعرسه
فأغضب ذلك أخاها فأخذ بيدها ورفعها إلى نادي قومها وهي تقول:
أيجمل أن يؤتى إلى فتياتكم ... وأنتم رجال فيكم عدد الرمل؟
أيجمل تمشي في الدماء فتاتكم ... صبيحة زفّت في العشاء إلى بعل؟
فإن أنتم لم تغضبوا بعد هذه ... فكونوا نساء لا تغبّ من الكحل
ودونكم ثوب العروس فإنما ... خلقتم لأثواب العروس وللغسل
فلو أننا كنا رجالا وكنتم ... نساء لكنّا لا نقرّ على الذلّ
فموتوا كراما أو أميتوا عدوّكم، ... وكونوا كنار شبّ بالحطب الجزل
وإلّا فخلّوا بطنها وتحمّلوا ... إلى بلد قفر وهزل من الهزل
فللموت خير من مقام على أذى، ... وللهزل خير من مقام على ثكل
فدبّوا إليهم بالصوارم والقنا ... وكلّ حسام محدث العهد بالصقل
ولا تجزعوا للحرب قومي فإنما ... يقوم رجال للرجال على رجل
فيهلك فيها كل وغل مواكل، ... ويسلم فيها ذو الجلادة والفضل
فلما سمعت جديس منها ذلك امتلأوا غضبا ونكّسوا حياء وخجلا فقال أخوها الأسود: يا قوم أطيعوني فإنه عز الدهر فليس القوم بأعز منكم ولا أجلد ولولا تواكلنا لما أطعناهم وإن فينا لمنعة، فقال له قومه:
أشر بما ترى فنحن لك تابعون ولما تدعونا إليه مسارعون إلا أنك تعلم أن القوم أكثر منا عددا ونخاف أن لا نقوم لهم عند المنابذة، فقال لهم: قد رأيت أن أصنع للملك طعاما ثم أدعوه وقومه فإذا جاءونا قمت أنا إلى الملك وقتلته وقام كل واحد منكم إلى رئيس من رؤسائهم يفرغ منه فإذا فرغنا من الأعيان لم يبق للباقين قوة، فنهتهم أخت الأسود بن غفار عن الغدر وقالت: نافروهم فلعل الله أن ينصركم عليهم لظلمهم بكم، فعصوها، فقالت:
لا تغدرنّ فإن الغدر منقصة، ... وكل عيب يرى عيبا وإن صغرا
إني أخاف عليكم مثل تلك غدا، ... وفي الأمور تدابير لمن نظرا
حشّوا شعيرا لهم فينا مناهدة، ... فكلكم باسل أرجو له الظفرا
شتّان باغ علينا غير موتئد ... يغشى الظّلامة لن تبقي ولن تذرا
فأجابها أخوها الأسود وقال:
إنّا لعمرك لا نبدي مناهدة ... نخاف منها صروف الدهر إن ظفرا
اني زعيم لطسم حين تحضرنا ... عند الطعام بضرب يهتك القصرا
وصنع الأسود الطعام وأكثر وأمر قومه أن يدفن كل واحد منهم سيفه تحته في الرمل مشهورا، وجاء الملك في قومه فلما جلسوا للأكل وثب الأسود على الملك فقتله ووثب قومه على رجال طسم حتى أبادوا أشرافهم ثم قتلوا باقيهم، وقال الأسود بن غفار عند ذلك:
ذوقي ببغيك يا طسم مجلّلة، ... فقد أتيت لعمري أعجب العجب
إنا أنفنا فلم ننفكّ نقتلهم، ... والبغي هيّج منا سورة الغضب
فلن تعودوا لبغي بعدها أبدا، ... لكن تكونوا بلا أنف ولا ذنب
فلو رعيتم لنا قربى مؤكّدة ... كنّا الأقارب في الأرحام والنسب
وقال جديلة بن المشمخرّ الجديسي وكان من سادات جديس:
لقد نهيت أخا طسم وقلت له: ... لا يذهبنّ بك الأهواء والمرح
واخش العواقب، إنّ الظلم مهلكة، ... وكلّ فرحة ظلم عندها ترح
فما أطاع لنا أمرا فنعذره، ... وذو النصيحة عند الأمر ينتصح
فلم يزل ذاك ينمي من فعالهم ... حتى استعادوا لأمر الغي فافتضحوا
فباد آخرهم من عند أولهم، ... ولم يكن لهم رشد ولا فلح
فنحن بعدهم في الحقّ نفعله ... نسقي الغبوق إذا شئنا ونصطبح
فليت طسما على ما كان إذ فسدوا ... كانوا بعافية من بعد ذا صلحوا
إذا لكنّا لهم عزّا وممنعة ... فينا مقاول تسمو للعلى رجح
وهرب رجل من طسم يقال له رياح بن مرة حتى لحق بتبّع قيل أسعد تبان بن كليكرب بن تبع الأكبر ابن الأقرن بن شمر يرعش بن أفريقس، وقيل: بل لحق بحسان بن تبع الحميري وكان بنجران، وقيل:
بالحرم من مكة، فاستغاث به وقال: نحن عبيدك ورعيتك وقد اعتدى علينا جديس، ثم رفع عقيرته ينشده:
أجبني إلى قوم دعوك لغدرهم ... إلى قتلهم فيها عليهم لك العذر
دعونا وكنّا آمنين لغدرهم، ... فأهلكنا غدر يشاب به مكر
وقالوا: اشهدونا مؤنسين لتنعموا ... ونقضي حقوقا من جوار له حجر
فلما انتهينا للمجالس كلّلوا ... كما كللت أسد مجوّعة خزر
فإنك لم تسمع بيوم ولن ترى ... كيوم أباد الحيّ طسما به المكر
أتيناهم في أزرنا ونعالنا، ... علينا الملاء الخضر والحلل الحمر
فصرنا لحوما بالعراء وطعمة ... تنازعنا ذئب الرّثيمة والنّمر
فدونك قوم ليس لله منهم ... ولا لهم منه حجاب ولا ستر
فأجابه إلى سواله ووعده بنصره ثم رأى منه تباطؤا فقال:
إني طلبت لأوتاري ومظلمتي ... يا آل حسّان يال العزّ والكرم
المنعمين إذا ما نعمة ذكرت، ... الواصلين بلا قربى ولا رحم
وعند حسّان نصر إن ظفرت به ... منه يمين ورأي غير مقتسم
إني أتيتك كيما أن تكون لنا ... حصنا حصينا ووردا غير مزدحم
فارحم أيامى وأيتاما بمهلكة، ... يا خير ماش على ساق وذي قدم
إني رأيت جديسا ليس يمنعها ... من المحارم ما يخشى من النّقم
فسر بخيلك تظفر إن قتلتهم ... تشفي الصدور من الأضرار والسقم
لا تزهدنّ فإنّ القوم عندهم ... مثل النعاج تراعي زاهر السّلم
ومقربات خناذيذ مسوّمة ... تعشي العيون وأصناف من النعم
قال: فسار تبع في جيوشه حتى قرب من جوّ، فلما
كان على مقدار ليلة منها عند جبل هناك قال رياح الطسمي: توقف أيها الملك فإن لي أختا متزوّجة في جديس يقال لها يمامة وهي أبصر خلق الله على بعد فإنها ترى الشخص من مسيرة يوم وليلة وإني أخاف أن ترانا وتنذر بنا القوم، فأقام تبع في ذلك الجبل وأمر رجلا أن يصعد الجبل فينظر ماذا يرى، فلما صعد الجبل دخل في رجله شوكة فأكبّ على رجله يستخرجها فأبصرته اليمامة وكانت زرقاء العين فقالت:
يا قوم إني أرى على الجبل الفلاني رجلا وما أظنه إلّا عينا فاحذروه! فقالوا لها: ما يصنع؟ فقالت: إما يخصف نعلا أو ينهش كتفا، فكذّبوها، ثمّ إنّ رياحا قال للملك: مر أصحابك ليقطعوا من الشجر أغصانا ويستتروا بها ليشبهوا على اليمامة وليسيروا كذلك ليلا، فقال تبع: أوفي الليل تبصر مثل النهار؟ قال: نعم أيها الملك بصرها بالليل أنفذ، فأمر تبع أصحابه بذلك فقطعوا الشجر وأخذ كل رجل بيده غصنا حتى إذا دنوا من اليمامة ليلا نظرت اليمامة فقالت: يا آل جديس سارت إليكم الشّجراء أو جاءتكم أوائل خيل حمير، فكذبوها فصبحتهم حمير فهرب الأسود بن غفار في نفر من قومه ومعه أخته فلحق بجبلي طيّء فنزل هناك، فيقال إن له هناك بقية، وفي شرح هذه القصة يقول الأعشى:
إذا أبصرت نظرة ليست بفاحشة ... إذا رفّع الآل رأس الكلب فارتفعا
قالت: أرى رجلا في كفه كتف، ... أو يخصف النعل، لهفا أيّة صنعا!
فكذّبوها بما قالت فصبّحهم ... ذو آل حسّان يزجي السّمر والسّلعا
فاستنزلوا آل جوّ من منازلهم، ... وهدّموا شاخص البنيان فاتضعا
ولما نزل بجديس ما نزل قالت لهم زرقاء اليمامة:
كيف رأيتم قولي؟ وأنشأت تقول:
خذوا خذوا حذركم يا قوم ينفعكم، ... فليس ما قد أرى م الأمر يحتقر
إني أرى شجرا من خلفها بشر، ... لأمر اجتمع الأقوام والشجر
وهي من أبيات ركيكة، وفتح تبّع حصون اليمامة وامتنع عليه الحصن الذي كانت فيه زرقاء اليمامة فصابره تبّع حتى افتتحه وقبض على زرقاء اليمامة وعلى صاحب الحصن وكان اسمه لا يكلم ثم قال لليمامة: ماذا رأيت وكيف أنذرت قومك بنا؟ فقالت: رأيت رجلا عليه مسح أسود وهو ينكبّ على شيء فأخبرتهم أنه ينهش كتفا أو يخصف نعلا، فقال تبّع للرجل: ماذا صنعت حين صعدت الجبل؟ فقال: انقطع شراك نعلي ودخلت شوكة في رجلي فعالجت إصلاحها بفمي وعالجت نعلي بيدي، قال: فأمر تبّع بقلع عينيها وقال: أحب أن أرى الذي أرى لها هذا النظر، فلما قلع عينيها وجد عروقهما كلها محشوة بالإثمد، قالوا:
وكان قال لها أنّى لك حدّة البصر هذه؟ قالت: إني كنت آخذ حجرا أسود فأدقّه وأكتحل به فكان يقوّي بصري، فيقال إنها أول من اكتحل بالإثمد من العرب، قالوا: ولما قلع عينيها أمر بصلبها على باب جوّ وأن تسمى باسمها فسميت باسمها إلى الآن، وقال تبع يذكر ذلك:
وسمّيت جوّا باليمامة بعد ما ... تركت عيونا باليمامة همّلا
نزعت بها عيني فتاة بصيرة ... رغاما ولم أحفل بذلك محفلا
تركت جديسا كالحصيد مطرّحا، ... وسقت نساء القوم سوقا معجّلا
أدنت جديسا دين طسم بفعلها، ... ولم أك لولا فعلها ذاك أفعلا
وقلت: خذيها يا جديس بأختها، ... وأنت لعمري كنت للظلم أولا!
فلا تدع جوّ ما بقيت باسمها، ... ولكنها تدعى اليمامة مقبلا
قالوا: وخربت اليمامة من يومئذ لأن تبّعا قتل أهلها وسار عنها ولم يخلّف بها أحدا فلم تزل على ذلك حتى كان من حديث عبيد بن ثعلبة بن يربوع بن ثعلبة بن الدّؤل بن حنيفة ما ذكرته في حجر، وممن ينسب إلى اليمامة جبير بن الحسن من أهل اليمامة قدم الشام ورأى عمر بن عبد العزيز وسمع رجاء بن حيوة ويعلى بن شدّاد بن أوس وعطاء ونافعا وعون بن عبد الله بن عتبة والحسن البصري، وروى عنه الأوزاعي وأبو إسحاق الفزاري ويحيى بن حمزة وعبد الصمد بن عبد الأعلى السلامي وعكرمة بن عمّار وخالد بن عبد الرحمن الخراساني وعلي بن الجعد، قال عثمان بن سعيد الدارمي: سألت يحيى بن معين عن جبير فقال: ليس بشيء، وقال أبو حاتم: لا أرى بحديثه بأسا، قال النسائي: هو ضعيف.

عبس

1 عَبَسَ, (S, L, Msb,) or عَبَسَ وَجْهَهُ, (A, O, K, TA,) or وَجْهُهُ, (Bd in lxxvi. 10,) aor. ـِ inf. n. عُبُوسٌ [app. properly used only when the verb is intrans.] (S, A, O, Msb, K) and عَبْسٌ [app. only when the verb is trans.]; (A, O, K;) and ↓ عبّس, (L, K, TA,) inf. n. تَعْبِيسٌ; (TA;) He frowned; [looked sternly, austerely, or morosely;] or contracted his face: (Msb:) or he contracted the part between his eyes: (L, TA:) or he grinned, or displayed his teeth, frowning, or contracting his face, or looking sternly, austerely, or morosely; syn. كَلَحَ: (S, A, O, K:) or ↓ عبّس has an intensive signification; (S, O, TA;) عبّس وَجْهَهُ meaning he did so much: (S, O:) or عبّس [alone], he had [or made] a hateful face: but when one displays his teeth, or grins, the epithet كَالِحٌ is applied to him: (TA:) and [in like manner] ↓ تعبّس signifies تَجَهَّمَ, (S, O, K,) i. e. he showed a sour, a crabbed, or an austere, face; (TK;) and تَقَطَّبَ [which is syn. with عَبَسَ]. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] عَبَسَ اليَوْمُ [ for عَبَسَ مِنْ شَهِدَ اليَوْمَ He who witnessed the day frowned, or contracted his face, &c., (see يُوْمٌ عَبُوسٌ,)] means (assumed tropical:) the day was, or became, distressful, afflictive, or calamitous. (Msb.) A2: عَبِسَتْ said of camels: see 4. b2: [Hence,] عَبِسَ said of a man, He was, or became, dirty, or filthy. (TA.) b3: And said of a garment, It had dirt, or filth, that had dried upon it. (TA.) b4: And عَبِسَ الوَسَخُ فِى يَدِهِ (S, K, TA) and عَلَى يَدِهِ (TA) The dirt, or filth, dried upon his hand, or arm. (S, K, TA.) b5: And [the inf. n.] عَبَسٌ signifies A slave's voiding his urine in, or on, his bed, when he has a habit of doing so and the effect thereof appears upon his person, (O, TA,) by reason of its muchness, (O,) and upon his bed: (TA:) for doing this he may be returned; (O, TA;) but not if it is little and rare. (O.) 2 عَبَّسَ see the first sentence above, in two places.4 أَعْبَسَتِ الإِبِلُ The camels had dried urine and dung clinging upon their tails; (S, O, K;) as also ↓ عَبِسَت, inf. n. عَبَسٌ; (A'Obeyd, TA;) whence, (TA,) عَبِسَتْ فِى أَبْوَالِهَا وَأَبْعَارِهَا, [meaning the same,] a phrase occurring in a trad. (O, TA.) 5 تَعَبَّسَ see 1, first sentence.

عَبَسٌ [an inf. n.: see 1, latter part; and see also 4. b2: Also a subst. signifying] Urine and dung that have clung to the tails of camels, drying thereon, (S, O, K, TA,) and on their thighs; occasioned only by fat: (TA:) and also dung and urine that have clung to the wool of sheep, or to their tails and the inner sides of the roots of their things, becoming dry [thereon]; syn. وَذَحٌ: (TA:) or dung and urine that have dried upon the thighs of camels: (Mgh:) or urine and dung that dry upon the tails of sheep or goats and the like: n. un. with ة. (Msb.) عَبِسٌ [part. n. of عَبِسَ. b2: And occurring in the A, art. دعب, in the phrase المُنَافِقُ عَبِسٌ قَطِبٌ, in which both of the epithets are app. altered in form to assimilate them to دَعِبٌ and لَعِبٌ by which they are there preceded]: see عَابِسٌ.

عَبُوسٌ: see عَابِسٌ, in two places. b2: [Hence,] يَوْمٌ عَبُوسٌ (assumed tropical:) A distressful, an afflictive, or a calamitous, day; (S, Msb, TA;) as also يَوْمٌ

↓ عَابِسٌ: (TA:) or a hateful day, on account of which faces frown, or contract themselves, &c.: (O, K:) or a day in which one frowns, or contracts his face, &c. (TA.) عَبَّاسٌ: see عَابِسٌ, in three places.

عَبَّاسِىٌّ: see the next paragraph.

عَابِسٌ [and ↓ عَبِسٌ, mentioned above,] A man frowning, or contracting his face: (Msb:) [grimfaced; or looking sternly, austerely, or morosely:] or contracting the part between his eyes; &c.: (TA:) and ↓ عَبَّاسٌ one who does so much [or habitually; stern, austere, or morose, in look or countenance; as also ↓ عَبُوسٌ and ↓ مُعَبِّسٌ]: (Msb:) or ↓ عَبَّاسٌ and ↓ مُعَبِّسٌ signify a man having a hateful face: and ↓ عَبَّاسِىٌّ, hateful to encounter or meet; stern, austere, or morose, in countenance. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] العَابِسُ signifies The lion; (O, K;) as also ↓ العَبُوسُ, and ↓ العَبَّاسُ, (IAar, O, K,) and ↓ العَنْبَسُ, (S, and mentioned in the K in art. عنبس, q. v.,) [accord. to some,] of the measure فَنْعَل, (S,) and ↓ العُنَابِسُ: (K in art. عنبس:) or the lion from whom other lions flee. (TA.) b3: See also عَبُوسٌ.

العَنْبَسُ and العُنَابِسُ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مُعَبِّسٌ: see عَابِسٌ, in two places.

حم

1 حَمَّ, (S, K,) see. Pers\. حَمِمْتَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. حَمٌّ, (TA,) [or perhaps this should be حَمَمٌ,] It (water) became hot. (S, K, TA.) b2: حَمِمْتُ, aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. حَمَمٌ, (S, K,) I was, or became, أَحَمّ, signifying black; (S, K; [accord. to the latter of which, and accord. to El-Hejeree, this epithet also signifies white; but it appears from the TA that the former only is here meant; and the verb seems primarily to signify I became rendered black by heat;]) as also ↓ اِحْمَوْمَيْتُ [originally اِحْمَوْمَمْتُ, or from حَمَى, q. v.], and ↓ تحمّمت, (K, [omitted in the TA,]) and ↓ تَحَمْحَمْتُ. (K, TA: the last, in the CK, written تَحْمَمْتُ.) b3: حَمَّ الجَمْرُ, see. Pers\. حَمِمْتَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. حَمَمٌ, The live coals became black, after their flaming had ceased, or after they had become extinguished: (Msb:) or حَمَّتِ الجَمْرَةُ, (S, K,) sec. Pers\. as above, (TA,) aor. ـَ the live coal became a piece of charcoal, (S, K,) or of ashes. (S.) A2: , حَمَّهُ (S, K,) aor. ـُ (S,) inf. n. حَمٌّ, (TA,) He heated it, namely, water, (S, K, TA,) with fire; (TA;) as also ↓ احمّهُ, (S, K,) and ↓ حمّمهُ. (K.) You say, لَنَا المَآءَ ↓ أَحِمُّوا, (TA,) or مِنَ المَآءِ (S,) Heat ye for us the water, or some of the water. (S, TA.) b2: He heated it; kindled fire in it; filled it with firewood, to heat it; or heated it fully with fuel; namely, an oven. (K, * TA.) b3: حَمَّ الأَلْيَةَ, (S,) or الشَّحْمَةَ, (K,) aor. ـُ (S,) inf. n. حَمٌّ, (TA,) He melted [the fat of a sheep's tail, or the piece of fat]. (S, K.) b4: حَمَّ نَفْسَهُ: see 4 b5: حُمَّ He (a man, S) was, or became, fevered, or affected with fever; or he had, or was sick of, a fever: (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) or one says [of himself], حُمِمْتُ حُمَّى, (K, TA, [in the CK, erroneously, حَمَمْتُ,]) حُمَّى

being held by ISd to be an inf. n. like بُشْرَى and رُجْعَى; (TA;) and the simple subst. [also] is حُمَّى: (K:) [or the inf. n. is حَمٌّ; for] you say, حُمِمْتُ حَمًّا; and the simple subst. is حُمَّى. (L.) And حُمَّ عَلَى طَعَامٍ He had a fever from eating [certain] food. (K, * TA.) And حمّ, [app. حُمَّ,] inf. n. حُمَامٌ said of a camel, He had a fever. (TA. [See حُمَامٌ, below.]) b6: حَمَّهُ said of an affair, an event, or a case: see 4. b7: حَمَّ ارْتِحَالَ, البَعِيرِ, (Fr, S, K,) aor. ـُ (S,) He hastened the going, or departure, of the camel. (Fr, S, K.) A3: حَمَّ لَهُ كَذَا, and ↓ احمّ, He (God) decreed, or appointed, to him, or for him, such a thing. (K, TA.) And حُمَّ, (S, K,) inf. n. حَمٌّ, (K,) or حُمُومٌ, (Har p. 347,) It (a thing, S, or an event, K) was decreed, or appointed; (Sudot;, K;) as also ↓ أُحِمٌ. (S.) And حُمَّ لَهُ ذٰلِكَ That was decreed, or appointed, to him, or for him. (K.) A4: حَمَّ حَمَّهُ, (S, K,) aor. ـُ (S,) i. q. قَصَدَ قَصْدَهُ [like أَبَّ أَبَّهُ, q. v.; حَمَّ in this sense being a dial. var. of أَمَّ, as also أَبَّ]. (S, K.) b2: See also 4 as an in trans. v.2 حمّمهُ: see 1. b2: Also, (S, Msb, K, *) inf. n. تَحْمِيمٌ, (Msb,) He blackened (S Msb, K) his (a man's, S) face, (S, K,) or it, one's face, (Msb,) with charcoal. (Sudot;, Msb, K.) [Hence,] حُمِّمَ وَجْهُ الزَّانِى The face of the fornicator, or adulterer, was blackened [with charcoal]. (Mgh. [See 2 in art. جبه.]) b3: [Using the verb intransitively,] you say also, حَمَّمَ رَأْسُهُ His head became black after shaving: (S, Mgh, TA:) [i. e.] the hair of his head grew [again] after it had been shaven. (K.) And hence, حمّم بِالمَآءِ, said of the hair, It was rendered black by the water: because the hair, when shaggy, or dishevelled, in consequence of its being seldom dressed or anointed, becomes dusty; and when it is washed with water, its blackness appears. (TA.) And حمّم الغُلَامُ The boy's, or young man's, beard appeared. (K.) And حمّم الفَرْخُ The young bird's plumage came forth: (S, K:) or its down. (TA.) And حَمَّمَتِ الأَرْضُ The herbage of the land appeared, of a green hue inclining to black. (K.) A2: حمّم امْرَأَتَهُ, (S, K,) inf. n. تَحْمِيمٌ (Mgh, TA) [and تَحِمَّةٌ], He gave a present to his wife after divorce: (S, M, K: *) the explanation in the K, مَتَّعَهَا بِالطَّلَاقِ, should be, as in the [S and] M, متّعها بِشَىْءٍ بَعْدَ الطَّلَاقِ. (TA.) The verb is doubly trans., as meaning أَعْطَى: so in the phrase, حَمَّمَهَاخَادِمًا سَوْدَآءَ He gave her, after divorce, a black female slave: or this may be for حَمَّمَهَابِهَا. (TA.) [Hence,] ثِيَابُ التَّحِمَّة The clothing with which a man attires his wife when he gives her a gift after divorce. (K, TA.) 3 حامّهُ, inf. n. مُحَامَّةٌ, i. q. قَارَبَهُ [app. as meaning He approached, or drew near to, him, or it]. (K.) And حَامَمْتُهُ, (inf. n. as above, K,) I desired, or sought, to obtain from him, or I demanded of him, something. (El-Umawee, S, K.) 4 احمّهُ as syn. with حَمَّهُ and حَمَّمَهُ: see 1, in two places. b2: Also He washed him (namely, another man,) with حَمِيم [i.e. hot water]. (S.) And احمّ نَفْسَهُ He washed himself with cold water, (K,) accord. to IAar: but accord. to others, with hot water; as also نَفْسَهُ ↓ حَمَّ: and حُمُومٌ [is an inf. n. of حَمَّ, and] signifies the washing oneself; but is of a vulgar dialect. (TA. [See also 10.]) b3: He (God) caused him to have, or be sick of, a fever. (S, Msb, K.) b4: It (an affair, an event, or a case,) rendered him anxious, disquieted him, or grieved him; syn. أَهَمَّهُ; (S, K;) as also ↓ حَمَّهُ. (K.) And أُحِمَّ He (a man) was affected with confusion, perplexity, fear, impatience, disquietude, or agitation, and anxiety, or grief. (TA.) A2: He (God) rendered him, or caused him to be, أَحَمّ, (S, K,) i. e. black. (S.) A3: He caused it to draw near, or approach. (Msb.) A4: أَحَيَّتِ الأَرْضُ The land had fever in it: (S, K:) or had much fever in it. (TA.) A5: احمّ It drew near, or approached; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ حَمَّ, [in the Ham p. 350, written حُمَّ,] aor. ـِ inf. n. حَمٌّ: (Msb:) it was, or became, present: (K:) its time drew near, or came; as also اجمّ: so says Ks; and thus this last verb is explained by As; but he knew not احمّ in this sense. (S, TA.) You say, أَحَمَّتِ الحَاجَةُ and اجمّت The object of want became near; (ISk, TA;) and both are mentioned by Fr. (S.) And احمّ قُدُومُهُمْ and اجمّ Their coming drew near. (Fr, TA.) The Kilábeeyeh says, احمّ رَحِيلُنَا فَنَحْنُ سَائِرُونَ غَدًا [Our departure has drawn near, and we are going tomorrow]: and اجمّ رحيلنا فنحن سائرون اليَوْمَ [Our departure is determined upon, and we are going to-day]; meaning we have determined upon our going to-day. (TA.) A6: أَحَمَّ لَهُ كَذَا; and أُحِمَّ: see 1, near the end of the paragraph.5 تَحَمَّّ see 1: A2: and see also 10.8 احتمّ He was, or became, anxious, disquieted, or grieved, syn. اهتمّ, (S, TA,) لَهث for him; as though for one near and dear to him: (TA: [see حَمِيمٌ:]) or he was, or became, anxious, disquieted, or grieved, and sleepless: (Ham p. 90:) or he was, or became, anxious, disquieted, or grieved, by night: (K, and Ham ibid.:) اِهْتِمَام differing from اِحْتَمَام in being [often] by day: (Ham p. 433:) and he slept not by reason of anxiety, disquietude, or grief. (K.) And احْتَمَّتِ العَيْنُ The eye was, or became, sleepless, without pain. (K.) Also احتمّ لِفُلَانٍ He was, or became, sharp, hasty, or irascible, towards such a one. (TA.) 10 استحمّ He washed himself with hot water: (S, Msb, K: or accord. to some copies of the K, استحمّ بِالحَمِيمِ has this meaning:) this is the primary signification: (S:) then applied, (S, Msb,) by reason of frequency of usage, (Msb,) to mean he washed himself with any water. (S, Msb. [See also 4.]) b2: He entered the حَمَّام [or hot bath]: (Mgh, TA:) ↓ تحمّم [in this sense] is not of established authority. (Mgh.) b3: He sweated: (S, K:) said of a man, (TA,) and of a horse (S, TA) or similar beast. (TA.) 12 إِحْمَوْمَ3َ see 1, second sentence. R. Q. 1 حَمْحَمَ, [inf. n. حَمْحَمَةٌ,] He (a horse) uttered his cry, [or neighed,] when desiring fodder; as also ↓ تَحَمْحَمَ: (S:) accord. to Az, حَمْحَمَةٌ is app. a word imitative of the cry of the horse when he desires fodder; or when he sees his master to whom he has been accustomed, and behaves familiarly towards him: (TA:) or it signifies a horse's uttering a cry with a kind of yearning sound, in order that his master may feel tenderness for him; as also ↓ تَحَمْحُمٌ: (EM p. 250:) or, of a بِرْذَوْن [or hack, or the like,] the uttering of a cry [or neighing] such as is not loud; and of a horse [of good breed], the uttering of a cry not so loud as the صَهِيل [or usual neighing]: (Lth, TA:) or, of the برذون, the uttering of a cry when desiring the barley: (K, * TA:) and the عِرّ, or عِزّ, [accord. to different copies of the K, but each is app. a mistranscription, for عِىّ as meaning faltering of the voice or cry.] of the horse, when falling, or stopping, short in neighing, and seeking self-help [to finish it]; as also ↓ تَحَمْحُمٌ: (K:) and the bull's uttering a cry with the desire of leaping the cow. (Az, K.) R. Q. 2 تَحَمْحَمَ: see 1, second sentence: A2: and see also R. Q. 1, in three places.

حٰم: see حَامِيم, throughout.

حَمٌ: see art. حمو.

حَمٌّ, [in the CK, erroneously, حُمّ,] The vehemence, or intenseness, of the heat of the ظَهِيرَة [or midday in summer]. (K, TA.) You say, أَتيْتُهُ حَمَّ الظَّهِيرَةِ [I came to him during the vehemence of the heat of the midday in summer]. (TA.) b2: The main, or chief, part of a thing; (K;) and so ↓ حُمَّةٌ in the phrase حُمَّةُ الحَرِّ [the main, or chief, part of the heat]. (S, TA.) b3: See also حَمِيمَةٌ. b4: The remains of the أَلْيَة [or tail of a sheep] after the melting [of the fat]: n. un. with ة: and what is melted thereof: (S:) or the part of the الية of which one has melted the grease, (As, T, K,) when no grease remains in it; (As, T, TA;) and of fat: n. un. with ة: or what remains of melted fat: (K:) accord. to Az, the correct explanation is that of As: but he adds, I have heard the Arabs call thus what is melted of the hump of a camel: and they called the hump الشَّحْمُ. (TA.) b5: Property, or cattle and the like; and goods, commodities, or householdfurniture and utensils. (Sh, TA.) A2: مَا لَهُ سَمٌّ وَلَا حَمٌّ غَيْرُكَ, (S,) or ماله حَمٌّ ولا سَمٌّ, (K,) and ↓ ولا حُمٌّ, (S,) or حُمٌّ ولا سُمٌّ, (K,) and حَمٌّ ولا رَمٌّ, and ولا رُمٌّ ↓ حُمٌّ, (TA,) He has no object in his mind except thee; syn. هَمٌّ: (S, K, * TA: [see also art. سمّ:]) or ما له حمّ ولا سمّ, (K,) or حمّ ولا رمّ, (TA,) means he has neither little nor much. (K, TA.) b2: And مَالِى مِنْهُ حَمٌّ, (S,) or عَنْهُ, (K,) and ↓ حُمٌّ, (S, K,) and رَمٌّ, and رُمٌّ, (TA,) I have not any means, or way, of separating myself from it, or of avoiding it. (S, K, * TA.) حُمٌّ: see حَمٌّ, in three places.

حَمَّةٌ A hot spring, (IDrd, S, Mgh, K,) by means of which the diseased seek to cure themselves. (IDrd, S, K.) In a trad., (S, TA,) the learned man (العَالِم) is said to be like the حَمَّة, (S, Mgh, TA,) to which the distant resort, and which the near neglect. (TA.) حُمُّةٌ: see حُمُّى: b2: and see also حَمٌّ. b3: Also The vehemence, and main force, of the movements of two armies meeting each other. (TA from a trad.) b4: The sharpness of a spear-head. (TA.) b5: The venom, or poison, of the scorpion: (TA:) a dial. var. of حُمَةٌ, (K,) accord. to IAar; but others allow not the teshdeed, [and among them J,] and assert the word to be originally حُمَوٌ. (TA.) b6: A decreed, or predestined, case of separation: (S, K:) and of death; (TA;) as also ↓ حِمَامٌ: (S, K:) you say حِمَامُ المَوْتِ, and الحِمَامُ alone as in a verse cited voce عَتَبَ [q. v.]: (TA:) the pl. of حُمَّةٌ is حُمَمٌ and حِمَامٌ. (K.) A2: Blackness; (S, TA;) the colour denoted by the epithet أَحَمُّ [q. v.]: (S, K:) a colour between دُهْمَة [or blackness] and كمْتَة [or a blackish red], inferior [in depth, or brightness,] to what is termed حُوَّة [app. as meaning redness inclining to blackness]. (M, K.) b2: The black sediment of clarified butter, and the like, in the bottom of the skin. (TA.) A3: Also i. q. حُبَّةٌ: so in the phrases فُلَانٌ حُمَّة نَفْسِى [Such a one is the beloved of my soul] (Az, TA) and هُوَ مِنْ حُمَّةِ نَفْسِى [He is of the beloved of my soul]: and the م is said to be a substitute for ب. (TA.) [See also أَحَمُّ, which is used as syn. with أَحَبُّ.]

حِمَّةٌ: see حَمِيمٌ, in two places.

A2: Also Death; or the decreed term of life: (K:) pl. حِمَمٌ. (TA.) حُمَمٌ Charcoal: (S, Mgh, K:) or cold charcoal: (TA:) or burnt wood and the like: (Msb:) or charcoal that does not hold together: (Msb in explanation of the n. un. in art. قبس:) and ashes: and anything burnt by fire: (S, TA:) n. un. with ة: (S, Msb, K:) which is tropically applied to (tropical:) live coals [or a live coal]. (Msb.) [Hence] the n. un. is also used as meaning (assumed tropical:) Blackness of complexion. (TA from a trad. of Lukmán Ibn-'Ád.) And جَارِيَةٌ حُمَمَةٌ means (assumed tropical:) A black girl or female slave. (TA. [See also أَحَمُّ.]) حَمَامٌ [The pigeon, both wild and domestic, but more properly the former; and sometimes not strictly confined to denote the pigeon-kind:] a certain wild bird, that does not keep to the houses; well-known: (ISd, K:) or any collared, or ringed, bird; (S, Msb, K;) so with the Arabs; such as the فَوَاخِت and the قَمَارِىّ and سَاقُ حُرّ and the قَطَا and the وَرَاشِين and the like, (S, Msb,) and the domestic [pigeons] (الدَّوَاجِن), also, (El-Umawee, S, Msb,) that are taken into houses for the purpose of producing their young ones; (El-Umawee, S;) to which last alone the term is applied by the vulgar: accord. to Ks, it is the wild [species]; and the يَمَام is that which keeps to the houses: accord. to As, the latter is the حَمَام وَحْشِىّ [or wild pigeon]; a species of the birds of the desert: (S, Msb:) or, accord. to Esh-Sháfi'ee, حَمَامٌ signifies any kind of bird that drinks in the manner denoted by the verb عَبَّ, [i. e. continuously,] and cooes; including the قَمَارِىّ and وَرَاشِين and فَوَاخِت; whether it be, or be not, collared, or ringed; domestic or wild: (Az, TA:) the flesh thereof strengthens the venereal faculty, and increases the seminal fluid and the blood; the putting it, cut open while alive, upon the place stung by a scorpion, is a proved cure; and the blood stops bleeding from the nose: (K:) the n. un. is with ة; (S, Msb;) which is applied to the male and the female: (S Msb, K:) and in like manner, حَمَامٌ, because the ة is added to restrict to unity, not to make fem.: (S:) but to distinguish the masc., you may say, رَأَيْتُ حَمَامًا عَلَى حَمَامَةٍ, i. e. I saw a male [pigeon] upon a female [pigeon]: (Zj, Msb:) accord. to ISd and the K, however, حَمَامٌ should not be applied to the [single] male: (TA:) in a verse of Homeyd Ibn-Thowr, cited voce حُرٌّ, by the n. un. is meant a قُمْرِيَّة: the pl. of حمامة is حَمَامٌ, (S,) [or rather this is the coll. gen. n.,] and حَمَائِمُ (S, K) and حَمَامَاتٌ: (S:) and sometimes حَمَامٌ is used as a sing.: [so in an ex. above: and] Jirán-el-'Owd says, وَذَكَّرَنِى الصِّبَا بَعْدَ التَّنَائِى

حَمَامَةُ أَيْكَةٍ تَدْعُو حَمَامَا [And a female pigeon of a thicket, calling a male pigeon, reminded me of youth, after estrangement]: a poet also says, حَمَامَا قَقْرَةٍ وَقَعَا فَطَارَا [Two pigeons of a desert tract alighted and flew away]: and El-Umawee cites, as an ex. of حَمَام applied to the domestic [pigeons], قَوَاطِنًا مَكَّةَ مِنْ وُرْقِ الحَمَى

[Inhabiting Mekkeh, of the pigeons of a white colour inclining to black]; by الحمى [or rather it should be written الحَمَا] meaning الحَمَام. (S.) حُمَامٌ The fever (حُمَّى) of camels; (S;) as also ↓ حُمَّآءُ: (TA:) or of all beasts, (K, TA,) including camels: (TA:) accord. to ISh, when camels eat date-stones, [which are often given to them as food,] they are [sometimes] affected with حُمَام and قُمَاح; the former of which is a heat affecting the skin, until the body is smeared with mud, or clay, in consequence of which they forsake the abundant herbage, and their fat goes away; and it continues in them a month, and then passes away. (Az, TA.) b2: حُمَامُ قُرٍّ The disease termed مُوم, which affects men. (TA.) b3: See also حَمِيمٌ.

A2: A noble chief, or lord: (K:) thought by Az to be originally هُمَامٌ. (TA.) حِمَامٌ: see its syn. حُمَّةٌ; of which it is also a pl. (K.) حَمِيمٌ The قَيْظ [or summer: or the most vehement heat of summer, from the auroral rising of the Pleiades (at the epoch of the Flight about the 13th of May O. S.) to the auroral rising of Canopus (at the same period about the 4th of August O. S.): or vehemence of heat]: (S, K:) or a period of about twenty nights, commencing at the [auroral] rising of الدَّبَرَان [at the epoch of the Flight about the 26th of May O. S.]. (Az, T voce نَوْءٌ.) b2: Live coals with which one fumigates. (IAar, Sh.) b3: Hot water; (T, S, ISd, Mgh, Msb, K;) as also ↓ حَمِيمَةٌ: (S, ISd, K:) or so مَآءٌ حَمِيمٌ: (Msb:) pl. حَمَائِمُ; (K;) i. e. pl. of حَمِيمٌ, accord. to IAar; but accord. to ISd, of حَمِيمَةٌ. (TA.) b4: And Cold water: (K:) or cold, applied to water: so, accord. to IAar, in the saying of a poet, وَسَاغَ لِىَ الشَّرَابُ وَكُنْتُ قِدْمًا

أَكَادُ أَغَصُّ بِالمَآءِ الحَمِيمِ [And wine has become easy to swallow to me, whereas I used, in old time, nearly to be choked with cold water]: (Az, TA:) thus bearing two contr. significations. (Az, K.) b5: The rain that comes in the time of vehement heat; (S;) or after the heat has become vehement, (M, K,) because it is hot; (M;) or in the صَيْف [or summer], when the ground is hot. (TA.) b6: (tropical:) Sweat; (Az, S, A, K;) as also ↓ حِمَّةٌ: (Az, A, K:) and ↓ حُمَامٌ is said to signify the sweat of horses. (Ham p. 92.) One says, (to a person who has been in the bath, A, TA,) طَابَ حَمِيمُكَ and ↓ طَابَتْ حِمَّتُكَ, meaning May thy sweat be good, or pleasant; (Az, A, K;) and consequently, may God make thy body sound, or healthy: (A, TA:) or the former may mean as above, or may thy bathing be good, or pleasant: (IB:) one should not say, ↓ طَابَ حَمَّامُكَ, (K, TA,) though MF defends it. (TA.) A2: A relation, (Lth, S, K,) for whose case one is anxious or solicitous, (S,) or whom one loves and by whom one is beloved: (Lth, K:) or an affectionate, or a compassionate, relation, who is sharp, or hasty, to protect his kinsfolk: or an object of love; a person beloved: (TA:) or a man's brother; his friend, or true friend; because anxious, or solicitous, for him: (Ham p. 90:) and ↓ مُحِمٌّ signifies the same: the pl. [of حميم] is أَحِمَّآءُ: and sometimes حَمِيمٌ is used as a pl., and as fem.; (K;) as well as sing. and masc. (TA.) b2: الحَمِيمُ بِالحَاجَةِ He who devotes himself to obtain the object of want; who is solicitous for it. (TA.) A poet says, وَلَا يُدْرِكُ الحَاجَاتِ إِلَّا حَمِيمُهَا [And none will attain the objects of want but he who devotes himself to obtain them; who is solicitous for them]. (IAar, TA.) حَمَامَةٌ n. un. of حَمَامٌ [q. v.]. (S, Msb.) b2: [Hence, app.,] (assumed tropical:) A woman: or a beautiful woman. (K, TA. [In the CK, only the latter.]) A2: The middle of the breast or chest. (K, TA.) The قَصّ [or breast, or head of the breast, or pit at the head of the breast, or middle of the breast, or the sternum,] of a horse. (K.) The callous protuberance upon the breast of a camel. (K.) b2: The sheave of the pulley of a bucket. (K.) b3: The ring of a door. (K.) b4: The clean court of a قَصْر [or palace, &c.]. (K.) A3: See also the next paragraph.

حَمِيمَةٌ: see حَمِيمٌ. b2: Also Heated milk. (K.) A2: Also, (S, K,) as well as ↓ حَمٌّ, (K, TA, [in the CK, erroneously, حُمّ,]) sing. of حَمَائِمُ signifying (tropical:) Such as are held in high estimation, precious, or excellent, or the choice, or best, (S, K, TA,) of cattle or other property, (S,) or of camels: (K:) and accord. to Kr, the sing. is used as a pl. in this sense: (ISd, TA:) ↓ حَمَامَةٌ, likewise, signifies the choice, or best, of cattle or other property; and so ↓ حَامَّةٌ, of camels: (K:) or you say إِبِلٌ حَامَّةٌ, meaning excellent, or choice, camels. (S.) حُمَيْمَةٌ; accord. to the K, حُمَيْمَاتٌ, but this is the pl.; (TA;) A live coal; syn. جَمْرَةٌ: (K, TA:) or redness; syn. حُمْرَةٌ: (CK, and so in a MS. copy of the K:) [in Freytag's Lex., the pl. is explained as meaning redness of the skin; and so ↓ حُمَامَى.]

حُمَامَى: see what next precedes.

حَمَامِىٌّ One who flies pigeons (حَمَام), and sends them [as carriers of letters] to various towns or countries. (TA.) حُمّى, (S, K, &c.,) a subst. from حُمّ, (Lh, L, K,) imperfectly decl., because of the fem. alif [which terminates it], (Msb,) A fever; a disease by which the body becomes hot: from الحَمِيمُ: said to be so called because of the excessive heat; whence the trad., الحُمَّى مِنْ فَيْحِ جَهَنَّمَ [Fever is from the exhalation of Hell]: or because of the sweat that occurs in it: or because it is of the signs of الحِمَام [i. e. the decreed, or predestined, case of death]; for they say, الحُمَّى رَائِدُ المَوْتِ [Fever is the messenger that precedes death], or بَرِيدُ المَوْتِ [the messenger of death], or بَابُ المَوْتِ [the gate of death]: (TA:) and ↓ حُمَّةٌ signifies the same: (K, TA:) pl. of the former حُمَّيَاتٌ. (Msb.) حُمَّآءُ: see حُمَامٌ.

حَمَّامٌ [A hot bath;] a certain structure, (S,) well known; (Msb;) so called because it occasions sweating, or because of the hot water that is in it; accord. to ISd, derived from الحَمِيمُ; (TA;) i. q. دَيْمَاسٌ: (K:) of the masc. gender, (Mgh, K,) and fem. also, (Mgh,) generally the latter; (Msb;) but some say that it is a mistake to make it fem., (MF, TA,) though IB cites a verse in which a fem. pronoun is asserted to refer to a حمّام: (TA:) pl. حَمَّامَاتٌ; (S, Mgh, K;) accord. to Sb, [not because the sing. is fem., but] because, though masc., it has no broken pl. (TA.) See also حَمِيمٌ.

حَمَّامِىٌّ The owner [or keeper] of a حَمَّام [or hot bath]. (Mgh.) حُمْحُمٌ: see أَحَمُّ.

حِمْحِمٌ: see أَحَمُّ, in two places.

حَامَّةٌ The خَاصَّة [or particular, or special, friends, or familiars], (S, K,) consisting of the family and children (K) and relations, (TA,) of a man. (K.) You say, كَيْفَ الحَامَّةُ وَالعَامَّةُ [How are the particular, or special, friends, &c., and the common people?]. (S.) And هٰؤُلَآءِ حَامَّةُ الرَّجُلِ These are the relations of the man. (Lth, S.) [See حُمَّةٌ, and أَحمُّ.] b2: See also حَمِيمَةٌ. b3: Also i. q. عَامَّةٌ. (K.) [It would seem that this signification might have been assigned to it in consequence of a misunderstanding of the words in the S, وَالحَامَّةُ الخَاصَّةُ يُقَالُ كَيْفَ الحَامَّةُ وَالعَامَّةُ: but accord. to the TK, one says, جَاؤُوا حَامَّةً, meaning عَامَّةً, i. e. They came generally, or universally.]

آلُ حَامِيمَ and ذَوَاتُ حَامِيمَ, (K,) or ↓ آلُ حٰم and ذَوَاتُ حٰم, (S,) آل being prefixed in this case in like manner as in آلُ فُلَانٍ, (Fr, S,) Certain chapters of the Kur-án (S, K) commencing with حاميم [or حٰم], (K,) [namely, the fortieth and six following chapters,] called by Ibn-Mes'ood دِيبَاجُ القُرْآنِ: (S:) one should not say حَوَامِيم: (K:) this is vulgar: (S:) but it occurs in poetry. (S, K.) b2: Also, (K,) accord. to I'Ab, ↓ حٰم is One of the names of God; (Mgh;) or it is the most great name of God; (K;) occurring in a trad., in which it is said, إِنْ بُيِّتُّمْ فَقُولُوا حٰم لَا يَنْصَرُونَ, meaning If ye be attacked by night, say ye حٰم; and when ye say this, they shall not be made victorious: (Mgh:) or the meaning is, [say ye] O God, they shall not be made victorious; not being an imprecation; for were it so, it would be لَا يُنْصَرُوا: (IAth, TA:) or it is an oath; (Mgh, K;) and the meaning of the trad. is, [say ye] By God, they shall not be made victorious: but حٰم is not among the numbered names of God: it has therefore been deemed preferable to understand it as here meaning the seven chapters of the Kur-án commencing therewith: (Mgh:) or it is an abbreviation of الرَّحْمٰنُ, wanting the letters الرن to complete it: (Zj, K:) or, as some say, it means [حُمَّ مَا هُوَ كَائِنٌ, i. e.] قُضِىَ مَاهُوَ كَائِنٌ [What is taking place has been decreed]. (Az, TA.) It is imperfectly decl. because determinate and of the fem. gender; or because it is of a foreign measure, like قَابِيلُ and هَابِيلُ, (Ksh, Bd,) and determinate. (Ksh.) أَحَمُّ Black; (S, K;) applied to anything; as also ↓ يَحْمُومٌ, (K,) and ↓ حمِحِمٌ, (As, K,) or this signifies intensely black, (S,) and ↓ حُمْحُمٌ, (K,) which IB explains as a black hue of dye: (TA:) [the fem. of the first is حَمَّآءُ: and the pl. حُمٌّ: and] the pl. of ↓ the second is يَحَامِيمُ, and by poetic license يَحَامِمُ. (Sb, TA.) You say, رَجُلٌ أَحَمُّ A black man. (S.) And رَجُلٌ أَحَمُّ المُقْلَتَيْنِ A man having black eyes. (TA.) And كُمَيْتٌ أَحَمُّ [A blackish bay horse]: pl. كُمْتٌ حُمٌّ; which are the strongest of horses in skin and hoofs. (S.) And ↓ شَاةٌ حِمْحِمٌ A black sheep or goat. (TA.) And لَيْلٌ أَحَمُّ Black night. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] الحَمَّآءُ The anus (سَافِلَة, S, or اِسْت, K) of a human being: (S:) pl. حُمٌّ. (S, K.) b3: and أَحَمُّ An arrow before it has been furnished with feathers and a head; syn. قِدْحٌ. (K.) b4: حَمَّآءُ applied to a lip (شَفَةٌ) and to a gum (لِثَةٌ) meansOf a colour between دُهْمَةٌ and كُمْتَةٌ. (M, TA. [See حُمَّةٌ.]) b5: Accord. to some, (TA,) أَحَمُّ also signifies White: thus having two contr. meanings. (K, TA.) A2: Also A more, or most, particular, or special, and beloved, friend or the like. (Az, TA. [See حُمَّةٌ, and حَمِيمٌ, and حَامَّةٌ.]) مُحِمٌّ: see مَحَمَّةٌ: A2: and see also حَمِيمٌ.

مِحَمٌّ i. q. قُمْقُمَةٌ: (Mgh, Msb;) i. e. A vessel of copper [or brass], in which water is heated, (KL, and Msb in art. قم,) having a long and narrow neck: (KL:) or a small قُمْقُم [here meaning the same as قُمْقُمَة], in which water is heated. (S.) مَحَمَّةٌ, applied to food [&c.], (TA,) Any cause of fever; or a thing from the eating of which one is affected with fever: (K, * TA:) such, for instance, the eating of fresh ripe dates is said to be. (TA.) And أَرْضٌ مَحَمَّةٌ (S, M, K) and ↓ مُحِمَّةٌ, (M, K,) mentioned by AAF, but not known by the lexicologists except as agreeable with analogy, [see its verb, 4,] (M, TA,) A land in which is fever: (S, K:) or in which is much fever. (K.) مَحْمُومٌ Fevered, or affected with fever, or sick of a fever. (S, Mgh, Msb, K.) A2: Applied to water, like مَثْمُودٌ [q. v.]. (Az, TA.) A3: Decreed, or appointed. (S, TA.) مُحَامٌّ Keeping constantly, firmly, steadily, steadfastly, or fixedly, عَلَى أَمْرٍ to an affair. (Az, K. *) مُسْتَحَمٌّ, (TA,) or مُسْتَحَمَّةٌ, (Mgh,) A place in which one washes with hot water. (Mgh, * TA.) يَحْمُومٌ: see أَحَمُّ, in two places. b2: Also Smoke: (S, M, K:) or black smoke: (Bd in lvi. 42:) or intensely black smoke. (Jel ibid. and TA.) b3: A black mountain: (K:) or a certain black mountain in Hell. (TA.) b4: The canopy, or awning, that is extended over the people of Hell: so, as some say, in the Kur lvi. 42. (TA.) b5: A certain bird: (K:) so called because of the blackness of its wings. (TA.) b6: نَبْتٌ يَحْمُومٌ A plant, or herbage, green, full of moisture, and black. (TA.)

دول: دال. دالت له الدولة: كانت هذه نوبته. (تاريخ البربر 1: 59).
ويظهر أن هذا الفعل دال قد أشتق أيضاً من دولة بمعنى ملك، تقلد الملك، أو اجتهد في إقامة أسرة قديمة على العرش (انظر: عباد 3: 98). أدال. الغرامة إدالة بينهم أي أن كل قبيلة منهم تجمع الضريبة بدورها، وتحتفظ بها لها (تاريخ البربر1: 59).
وأدال الشيء بغيره: أبدله له. (عباد 2: 163، فليشر تعليق علي القصري 1: 901، بريشت ص266، ويعني أيضاً: أبدل شخصاً من شخص بآخر (فليشر المصدر السابق، تاريخ البربر 1: 12، 2: 17).
تداول، تُدُوّل (المبني للمجهول): فُسَّر، شُرح، (رنان ابن رشد ص438) حيث نجد في المخطوطة: وتُدوِّلتْ بهذا الضبط وهو الصواب.
تداول: تولى الملك كل واحد بدوره. ففي حيان - بسام (1: 72و): فازدلف إلى الأمراء لمتداولي (المتداولين) بقرطبة من آل حمود ومن تلاهم.
تداول: جاء إلى المكان في أوقات مختلفة. ففي كليلة ودمنة: وكان الصيادون كثيراً يتداولون ذلك المكان يصيدون فيه الوحش والطير.
وتداول: كرر استعمال الشئ، ويمكن أن نضيف إلى الأمثلة التي ذكرها فريتاج ما نقله دي ساسي في اللطائف (2: 125): تداول أبياتاً من الشعر أي ينشدها. وفي بسام (3: 85و): سمعت القوالين يتداولونها لعذوبتها.
تداول على أمر: تفاوض، وتحادث، وتذاكر معه على أمر.
تداول معه على الأمر: تشاور معه على الأمر (بوشر).
إدَّال: حدث، عرض، وقع، حصل، (أماري ديب: معجم).
دول: هؤلاء: دول ودول: جميع الناس على اختلافهم، كل الناس:، وأخذ من دول ومن دول: أخذ بكثرة (بوشر).
دالة: دور (رولاند) ونحوية (محيط المحيط).
أخذ دالاته: أي الأشياء التي له (محيط المحيط).
دَوْلَة: نَوْبَة، انظر مادة دال. وفي المقري (3: 677): فأخذ صاحب الدولة في القراءة أي صاحب النوبة.
ودَوْلَة: درس الاستاذ، ذلك لأن الأستاذ يلقي دروسه في أوقات معينة ومنتظمة (فوك، الكالا) ففي المقري (3: 201) والعبدري (ص18 ق): وسمعت عليه دُولاً من صحيح مسلم وقد سمع جميعه على القاضي الخ. وفي العبدري (ص33 و): ولما حضرت تدريسه مرَّ لهم في دولة التفسير قوله تعالى الخ. وفيه (ص83 و): وعدني الأستاذ أن يقرأ معي صحيح البخاري وعطّل لأجلي أكثر الدول، وبعد ذلك: ولما أشتكى الطلبة لحرمانهم من دروسهم قال لهم الأستاذ: هذا الرجل ضيفنا فانتظروا حتى ينتهي من قراءة هذا الكتاب فترجعوا إلى دولكم وأنتم مقيمون. (ص83 ق مرتان، 85و). ودولة أيضاً: الدرس الذي على الطالب أن يتعلمه، والفصل الذي عليه أن يدرسه. انظر مثالاً لذلك في بيت1، وفي العبدري (ص109 و) حيث ينقل ما يقوله طالب: قد نزل على بعض معارفي من أهل شاطبة فشغلني عن مطالعة دولتي من المُدَّونة.
ودَوْلَة: في الأماكن التي يكون ماء السقي مشتركاً بين الناس فالفترة بين أول السقي ونهايته هي الدولة، إذ أن كل مزرعة قد نالت بالتتابع حصتها. (معجم الأسبانية ص50).
ودولة: قطيع كبير من الماشية يملكه عدة أشخاص يرعاه رجل أستأجره الجميع.
(معجم الأسبانية ص50) وقطيع (دوماس حياة العرب ص349، 368) وفيه: دُولة.
ولا تطلق دولة على الفترة التي يتولى فيها الملك السلطان فقط بل تطلق أيضاً على الفترة التي يتقلد فيها الوزير منصبه، ففي حيان (ص5 و) حيث يعدد وزراء السلطان عبد الله: إبراهيم بن خميز وكان في دولته ادالات استوزر في بعضها محمد بن أمية (المقري 3: 64).
ودولة: الفترة التي يتولى فيها القاضي منصب القضاء (محمد بن الحارث، ص18 ق).
والدولة معرفة: السلطان (تاريخ البربر 1: 491، 541، ألف ليلة 4: 230).
ودولة لقب شرف يطلق على أمير، يقال دولة مولانا (الثعالبي لطائف ص3).
ودولة: وال، حاكم (نيبور رحلة 1: 275، 284).
ودولة: تطلق هذه الكلمة في الهند على الهودج والمحفة والحداجة والمحمل والمحارة.
ودولة في دمشق وتجمع على دولات تطلق على إبريق القهوة من النحاس المبيض بالقصدير.
دَلَّة: (زيشر 22: 143، وانظر ص100 رقم 35، محيط المحيط).
دولتي: مسرف، مبذر، ورجل دولتي: رجل ثري. (بوشر).
مُدوالة: محادثة، مذاكرة، مشافهة مفاوضة. (بوشر).
ومداولة: دوبة، عادة (بوشر).

دول

1 دَالَ i. q. دَارَ. (TA.) You say, دالتِ الأَيَّامُ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (Msb,) inf. n. دَوْلٌ, (KL,) meaning دَارَت; (S, Msb, K;) [i. e.] The days came round [in their turns]. (KL.) b2: دَوْلٌ also signifies The changing of time, or fortune, from one state, or condition, to another; (K;) and so دَوْلَةٌ. (TA.) [Hence,] one says, دالت لَهُ الدَّوْلَةُ [The turn of fortune was, or became, in his favour; or] good fortune came to him: and دالت عَلَيْهِ الدَّوْلَةُ [The turn of fortune was, or became, against him; or] good fortune departed from him. (MA.) b3: [Golius assigns to دال, with دَوْلَةٌ for its inf. n., as on the authority of the S and KL, two significations app. from two meanings of دَوْلَةٌ, one of which he seems to have misunderstood, and to neither of which do I find any corresponding verb: they are “ Obivit alter alterum in bello: ” and “ superior evasit. ” There are many inf. ns. that have no corresponding verbs.] b4: دال, aor. ـُ (T, K,) inf. n. دَوْلٌ and دَالَةٌ, (K,) or دَوْلَةٌ, (T,) He became notorious [either in a bad or in a good sense]; expl. by صَارَ شُهْرَةً, (IAar, T, K,) i. e. مَشْهُورًا. (TK.) b5: دال الثَّوْبُ, aor. ـُ The garment, or piece of cloth, was, or became, old, and worn out. (Az, S.) [Hence,] جَعَلَ وُدُّهُ يَدُولُ (tropical:) His love, or affection, was beginning to become, or at the point of becoming, worn out. (Az, S, TA.) b6: See also 7.2 دوّل He wrote a د. (TA.) 3 داول, [inf. n. مُدَاوَلَةٌ,] He made to come round [by turns, or to be by turns]: hence the saying in the Kur [iii. 134], و تِلْكَ الْأَيَّامُ نُدَاوِلُهَا بَيْنَ النَّاسِ And those days, we make them to come round [by turns] to men: (S, * K, * TA:) or this means, we dispense them by turns to men; (Bd, Jel;) to these one time, and to these another; (Bd;) or one day to one party, and one day to another. (Jel.) You say, دَاوَلْتُ الشَّىْءَ بَيْنَهُمْ

↓ فَتَدَاوَلُوهُ [I dispensed the thing among them by turns, and they had, or received, or took, it by turns]. (Bd on the passage of the Kur quoted above.) مُدَاوَلَةٌ also signifies The giving a turn of fortune, or good fortune. (KL. [See what next follows.]) 4 ادالهُ, (M, K,) inf. n. إِدَالَةٌ, (T, TA,) [signifying He gave him a turn of good fortune, or a turn to prevail over another in war, &c.,] is from الدَّوْلَةُ. (T, M, K, TA. [See what next precedes.]) Hence, [in the CK from الدُّولَة,] the saying, أَدَالَنَا اللّٰهُ مِنْ عَدُوِّنَا [God gave us, or may God give us, a turn to prevail over our enemy]. (S, K.) And أَدَالَكَ اللّٰهُ مِنْ عَدُوِّكَ and عَلَى عَدُوِّكَ, i. e. جَعَلَ لَكَ عَلَيْهِ دَوْلَةً [May God appoint thee, or give thee, a turn to prevail over thine enemy]. (Ham p. 547.) And ادال اللّٰهُ زَيْدًا مِنْ عَمْرٍو [God gave to Zeyd a turn to have the superiority over 'Amr;] i. e. God took away the turn of good fortune, or the good fortune, (الدولة,) from

'Amr, and gave it to Zeyd. (Har p. 118.) Hence, also, (TA,) El-Hajjáj said, إِنَّ الأَرْضَ سَتُدَالُ مِنَّا كَمَا أُدِلْنَا مِنْهَا [Verily the earth will be given (?) turn to prevail over us, like as we have been given a turn to prevail over it]; (Lth, T, TA;) meaning that it will consume us, like as we have consumed [of] it. (T, TA.) and [hence] إِدَالَةٌ signifies غَلَبَةٌ [or Victory]: (S, K:) or [rather], as some say, it signifies نُصْرَةٌ [i. e. aid against an enemy]: (Har ubi suprà:) you say, اَللّٰهُمَ أَدِلْنِى عَلَى فُلَانٌ O God, aid me against such a one. (S, and Har ubi suprà. [In the former, وَانْصُرْنِىعَلَيْهِ, as an explicative adjunct: in the latter, اى نصِّرنى عليه, for انْصُرْنِى.]) 6 تَدَاوَلُوهُ They took it, or had it, by turns. (S, Msb, K. See 3.) You say, تَدَاوَلْنَا الأَمْرَ We took [or did] the affair by turns. (M.) and تَدَاوَلْنَا العَمَلَ وَ الأَمْرَبَيْنَنَا We did the work, and the thing, or affair, by turns, among us. (T.) And تَدَاوَلُوا البَاطِلَ They took it by turns to say, or to do, that which was false, wrong, vain, futile, or the like; syn. تَبَطَّلُوا بَيْنَهُمْ. (Az and K in art. بطل.) And تَدَاوَلَتْهُ الأَيْدِى The hands took it by turns. (S.) And تَدَاوَلَتِ الرِّيَاحُ رَسْمَ الدَّارَ The winds blew by turns upon, or over, the remains that marked the site of the house [so as to efface them]; one time from the south, and another time from the north, and another time from the east, and another time from the west. (Az, TA in art. عور.) And, of a thing, you say, يُتَدَاوَلُ (T) or يُتَدَاوَلُ بِهِ (S) [meaning It is taken, or done, by turns]. And تُدُوْوِلَتِ الأَرْضُ بِالرَّعْىِ [The land was pastured on by turns]. (S and K in art. وظب.) [تَدَاوَلُوهُ also signifies They made frequent use of it; i. e., used it time after time, or turn after turn; namely, a word or phrase: but perhaps in this sense it is postclassical: see an ex. in De Sacy's “ Chrest. Arabe,” sec. ed., p. 141 of the Arabic text.] And تَدَاوَلَتِ الأَشْيَآءُ The things alternated; or succeeded one another by turns, one taking the place of another: (L in art. نسخ:) and [in like manner] الأَزْمَنَةُ [the times]. (Msb and K in that art.) [See also 6 in art دفو.]7 اندال القَوْمُ The people, or party, removed, or shifted, from one place to another. (S.) b2: اندال مَا فِىبَطْنِهِ What was in his belly, (M, K,) of intestines or peritonæum, (M,) came forth, (M, K,) in consequence of its being pierced. (M.) b3: And اندال It (the belly) became wide, and near, or approaching, to the ground. (M, K.) Also (K) It (the belly) was, or became, flaccid, flabby, or pendulous; (S, O, K;) and so ↓ دَالَ. (K.) b4: And It (a thing) dangled, or moved to and fro; and hung. (M, K.) دَالٌ One of the letters of the alphabet, (د,) the place of utterance of which is near to that of ت: masc. and fem.; so that you say دَالٌ حَسَنٌ and حَسَنَةٌ [a beautiful د]: the pl. is أَدْوَالٌ if masc., and دَالَاتٌ [if fem.; the latter the more common]. (TA.) A2: Also A fat woman. (Kh, TA.) A3: See also دَالَةٌ.

دَوْلٌ an inf. n. of دَالَ in senses explained above. (K, KL.) A2: Also i. q. دَلْوٌ [A bucket]: (K:) [an arabicized word from the Pers\. دُولْ: or] formed from دَلْوٌ by transposition. (TA.) دَوَلٌ, as an epithet applied to نَبْلٌ [or arrows] i. q. ↓ مُتَدَاوَلٌ. (IAar, M, K. *) So in the saying, يُلُوذُ بِالجَوْدِ مِنَ النَّبْلِ الدَّوَلْ [app. relating to a wild animal, and meaning. He seeks, or takes, refuge in the copious rain from the arrows received in turns by one after another of the herd]. (IAar, M.) A2: See also دَوْلَةٌ.

دَالَةٌ i. q. شُهْرَةٌ [Notoriousness, &c.]: pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] ↓ دَالٌ. (IAar, T, K.) b2: [Accord. to the K, it is also an inf. n.: see 1.]

دَوْلَةٌ A turn, mutation, change, or vicissitude, of time, or fortune, (K, TA,) from an unfortunate and evil, to a good and happy, state or condition; (TA;) [i. e.,] relating to good; as دَبْرَةٌ, on the contrary, relates to evil: (As, T and M in art. دبر:) [therefore meaning a turn of good fortune; a favourable turn of fortune: or] good fortune [absolutely]: (KL:) a happy state or condition, that betides a man: (MF:) [also] a turn which comes to one or which one takes [in an absolute sense]; syn. نَوْبَةٌ: (K in art. نوب:) and [particularly] (K) a turn (عُقْبَةٌ) [to share] in wealth, and [to prevail] in war; as also ↓ دُولَةٌ: ('Eesà Ibn-'Omar, * T, * S, * M, K: *) or each is a subst. [in an absolute sense, app. as meaning a turn of taking, or having, a thing,] from تَدَاوَلُوا الشَّىْءَ signifying “ they took, or had, the thing by turns: ” (Msb:) or ↓ دُولَةٌ is in wealth; and دَوْلَةٌ is in war; (Aboo-'Amr Ibn-El-'Alà, T, S, M, Msb, K;) this latter being when one of two armies defeats the other and then is defeated; (Fr, T;) or when one party is given a turn to prevail (تُدَال) over the other: one says, كَانَتْ لَنَا عَلَيْهِمُ الدَّوْلَةُ فِى الحَرْبِ [The turn to prevail over them in war was ours]: (S:) and قَدْ رَجَعَتِ الدَّوْلَةُ عَلَى هٰؤُلَآءِ [The turn to prevail against these returned]; as though meaning المَرَّةُ: so says Fr: but ↓ دُولَةٌ, he says, is in religions and institutions that are altered and changed with time: (T:) accord. to Zj, (T,) or A'Obeyd, (so in two copies of the S,) ↓ دُولَةٌ signifies a thing that is taken by turns; and دَوْلَةٌ, the act [of taking by turns]; (T, S;) and a transition from one state, or condition, to another: (T: [in this last sense, app. an inf. n.: see 1, third sentence:]) you say, بَيْنَهُمْ ↓ صَارَ الفَىْءُ دُولَةً, meaning [The فىء (or spoil, &c.,) became] a thing taken by turns among them: (S:) and the saying, in the Kur [lix. 7], بَيْنَ الأَغْنِيَآءِ مِنْكُمْ ↓ كَىْ لَا يَكُونَ دُولَةً means That it may not be a thing taken by turns [among the rich of you]: (T:) or دَوْلَةٌ relates to the present life or world; and ↓ دُولَةٌ, to that which is to come: (M, K:) and it is said that the former of these two words signifies prevalence, predominance, mastery, or victory; and ↓ the latter, the transition of wealth, blessing, or good, from one people, or party, to another: (TA:) the pl. (of دَوْلَةٌ, S, Msb) is دَوِلٌ, (S, M, Msb, K,) like as قِصَعٌ is pl. of قَصْعَةٌ, (Msb,) and (of ↓ دُولَةٌ, T, S, Msb), دُوَلٌ (T, S, M, Msb, K) and دُولَاتٌ, (S, TA,) and ↓ دَوَلٌ (M, K) is [a quasi-pl. n.] of both, because, as IJ says, دَوْلَةٌ is regarded as though it were originally دُولَةٌ. (M.) b2: [In post-classical works, it signifies also A dynasty: and a state, an empire, or a monarchy.]

A2: Also The حَوْصَلَة [or stomach of a bird; its triple stomach: or only its first stomach; the crop, or craw]: because of its اِنْدِيَال [or flaccidity]. (Ibn-'Abbaád, K.) And The قَانِصَة [which may here mean the same as the حوصلة, for this is one of the meanings assigned to it, and this explanation of دولة is not given by Ibn-'Abbád: or it may here mean the intestines, of a bird, into which the food passes from the stomach: or the gizzard]. (K.) b2: And The شِقْشِقَة [or faucial bag of the he-camel]. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) b3: And A thing like a مَزَادَة [or leathern water-bag] with a narrow mouth. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) b4: And The side of the belly. (K.) [But] accord. to Ibn-'Abbád, مَا أَعْظَمَ دَوْلَةَ بَطْنِهِ meansHow large is his navel! (TA.) دوُلَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in nine places: b2: and see also what next follows, in two places.

دُوَلَةٌ (T, S, K) and ↓ دِوَلَةٌ (Ibn-'Abbád, TA) [and ↓ دُولَةٌ, as appears from what follows]; as also تُوَلَةٌ (T, S) [and تِوَلَةٌ and تُوَلةٌ]; A calamity, or misfortune: (T, Ibn-'Abbád, S, K:) pl. دُوَلَاتٌ (S) and دِوَلَاتٌ and دُوَلَاتٌ. (Ibn-'Abbád, TA.) You say, جَآءَ بِدُوَلَاتِهِ (S) [and ↓ بِدِوَلَاتِهِ] and ↓ بِدُولَاتِهِ (Ibn-'Abbad, TA) and ↓ بِدُولَاهُ, as also بِتُولَاهُ, (Aboo-Málik, K,) He, or it, came with, or brought, or brought to pass, his, or its, calamities, or misfortunes: (Ibn-'Abbád, S, K. *) دِوَلَةٌ: and جَآءَبِدَوَلَاتِهِ: see دُوَلَةٌ.

جَآءَ بِدُولَاهُ: see دُوَلَةٌ.

دَوِيلٌ A plant that is a year old, (S, M, K,) and dry: (M, K:) or two years old, (Az, K,) and worthless: (Az, TA:) or especially what is dry of the [plants called] نَصِىّ and سَبَط: (M, K, * TA:) or any plant broken and black. (TA.) دَوَالِىُّ A sort of grapes of Et-Táïf, (M, K,) black inclining to redness. (M.) [See also دَوَالٍ, in art. دلو.]

دَوَالَيْكَ i. q. مُدَاوَلَةً, [in the CK, erroneously, مُتَداوَلَةً,] used in an imperative sense [with its verb and the objective complement thereof understood before it, and thus meaning دَاوِلِ الفِعْلَ مُدَاوَلَةً Make thou the action to come round, or to be, by turns]: (M, K:) or it may be rendered as meaning that the thing happened in this manner [i. e. the action being made to come round, or to be, by turns]: (Sb, M:) or it means تَدَاوُلٌ بَعْدَ تَدَاوُل [i. e. a taking, or doing, (a thing) by turn after (another's) doing so, and may be rendered virtually in the same manner as above, i. e. let the action be done by turns: or the action being done by turns]: (S, O, K: [in the PS, تَدَاوُلًا بَعْدَ تَدَاوُلٍ, which better explains the two manners in which it is said to be used:]) IAar says that it is an invariable expression, like حَجَازَيْكَ and هَذَاذَيْكَ; and is from the phrase تَدَاوَلُوا الأَمْرَ بَيْنَهُمْ, said of persons when this takes a turn and this a turn. (T, TA.) 'Abd-Beni-l- Has-hás says, إِذَ شُقَّ بُرْدٌ شُقَّ بِالبُرْدِ مِثْلُهُ دَوَالَيْكَ حَتَّى لَيْسَ لِلْبُرْدِ لَابِسُ [When a burd (a kind of garment) is rent, the like thereof is rent with the burd, the action being done by turns, so that there is no wearer of the burd; it having been rent so as to fall off]: (S:) the poet is speaking of a man's rending the clothing of a woman to see her person, and her rending his also. (T, TA. [This verse is related with several variations: see another reading of it voce هَذَاذَيْكَ, in art. هذ; with another explanation of it.]) b2: Ibn-Buzurj says, (T,) sometimes the article ال is prefixed to it, so that one says الدَّوَالَيْكَ, (T,) meaning One's walking with an elegant and a proud and self-conceited gait, with an affected inclining of the body from side to side, (T,) or one's urging, or pressing forward, and striving, (أَنْ يَتَحَفَّزَ, [in the CK, erroneously, ان يَتَحَفَّزَ,]) in his gait, or pace, (K,) when he moves about his shoulder-joints, and parts his legs widely, in walking. (T, K,* TA. In the copies of the K, جال [or جاءك] is erroneously put for حَاكَ, the reading in the T, TA. [The author of the TK follows the reading جال; and has fallen into several other evident mistakes in explaining this expression; which is itself, in my opinion, when with the article ال, a mistake for الدَّوَالِيْكُ, mentioned in art. دلك.]) A poet uses the phrase يَمْشِى الدَّوَالَيْكَ as meaning Walking, or going, in the manner explained above: (Ibn-Buzurj, T and TA in the present art.:) or يَمْشِى الدَّوَالِيكَ. (TA in art. دلك.) مُنْدَالٌ as meaning Dangling, or moving to and fro; and hanging; is said by Seer to be of the measure مُنْفَعِلٌ from التَّدَلَّى, and formed by transposition; and if so, it has no inf. n.; for the word that is formed by transposition has no inf. n. (M. [But for this assertion I see no satisfactory reason.]) مُتَدَوَالٌ: see دَوَلٌ. b2: [الكَلَامُ المُتَدَاوَلُ signifies, in modern Arabic, The language commonly used.]