أَثر
: (} الأَثَرُ، محرَّكَةً: بَقِيَّةُ الشيْءِ. ج {آثَارٌ} وأُثُورٌ) ، الأَخيرُ بالضَّمِّ. وَقَالَ بعضُهم: الأَثَرُ مَا بَقِيَ مِنْ رَسْمِ الشَّيْءِ. . (و) الأَثَرُ: (الخَبَرُ) ، وجَمْعُه الآثارُ.
وفلانٌ مِن حَمَلَةِ {الآثَارِ. وَقد فَرقَ بَينهمَا أَئمَّةُ الحديثِ، فَقَالُوا: الخَبَرُ: مَا كَانَ عَن النَّبِيِّ صلَّى اللهُ عليْه وسلَّم،} والأَثَرُ: مَا يُرْوَى عَن الصَّحَابَة. وَهُوَ الَّذِي نَقَلَه ابنُ الصَّلاحِ وغيرُه عَن فُقَهاءِ خُراسانَ، كَمَا قَالَه شيخُنا.
(الحُسَيْنُ بنُ عبدِ المَلِكِ) الخَلَّالُ ثِقةٌ مشهورٌ تُوِفِّيَ سنَةَ 532 هـ، (وعبدُ الكريمِ بنُ منصورٍ) العُمَرِيُّ المَوْصِلِيّ، عَن أَصحاب الأُرمويّ، نَقله السَّمْعَانِيُّ، مَاتَ سنة 490 هـ، ( {الأَثَرِيّانِ: مُحَدِّثَانِ) .
وممَّن اشْتَهَر بِهِ أَيضاً: أَبو بكر سعيدُ بنُ عبدِ اللهِ بنِ عليَ الطُّوسِيُّ، وُلِدَ سنة 413 هـ بنَيْسَابُورَ، ومحمّدُ بنُ هياج بن مبادر} - الآثاريُّ الأَنصاريُّ التَّاجِر، من أَهل دِمشقَ، وَرَدَ بغدَادَ، وبابا جَعْفَرُ بنُ محمّدِ بنِ حُسَيْنٍ {- الأَثَرِيُّ، رَوَى عَن أَبي بكرٍ الخَزَرِيِّ.
(و) يُقَال: (خَرَجَ) فلانٌ (فِي} إِثْرِهِ) ، بكسرٍ فسكونٍ، (وأَثَرِهِ) ، مُحَرِكةً وَالثَّانِي أَفصحُ، كَمَا صَرَّحَ بِهِ غيرُ واحدٍ، مَعَ تَأَمُّلٍ فِيهِ، وأَوردهما ثعلبٌّ فِيمَا يُقَال بلُغَتَيْن من فَصِيحِه، وصَوَّبَ شيخُنا تقديمَ الثّانِي على الأَوّل. وَلَيْسَ فِي كلامِ المصنِّف مَا يدلُّ على ضَبْطِه قَالَ: فإِن جَرَيْنَا على اصطلاحِه فِي الإِطلاق كَانَ الأَوْلُ مَفْتُوحًا، وَالثَّانِي مُحْتَملاً لوجوهٍ، أَظهرُها الكَسْرُ والفَتْحُ، وَلَا قائلَ بِهِ، إِنما يُعْرَفُ فِيهِ التَّحْرِيكُ، وَهُوَ أَفصحُ اللُّغَتَيْن وَبِه وَرَدَ القرآنُ: (بَعْدَه) . هاكذا فَسَّرَه ابنُ سِيدَه والزَّمَخْشَرِيُّ. ووقَعَ فِي شُرُوح الفَصيح بَدَلَه: عَقِبَه.
وَقَالَ صاحِبُ الواعِي: الأَثَرُ مُحرَّك هُوَ مَا {يُؤَثِّرُه الرَّجُلُ بِقَدَمِه فِي الأَرض، وَكَذَا كلُّ شيْء} مُؤَثَّرٌ {أَثَرٌ، يُقَال: جئتُكَ على أَثَر فلانٍ، كأَنَّكَ جئتَه تَطَأُ} أَثَرَه.
قَالَ: وكذالك! الإِثْرُ، ساكنُ الثّاني مكسورُ الهمزةِ، فإِن فتحتَ الهمزةَ فتحتَ الثّاءَ، تَقول: جئتُكَ على أَثَره وإِثْرِه، وَالْجمع آثارٌ.
( {وائْتَثَرَه: تَبعَ أَثَرَه) ، وَفِي بعض الأُصول: تَتَبَّعَ أَثَرَه. وَهُوَ عَن الفارسيِّ.
(} وأَثَّر فِيهِ {تَأْثِيراً: تَرَكَ فِيهِ أَثَراً) .
} والتَّأْثِيرُ: إِبقاءُ الأَثَرِ فِي الشَّيْءِ.
( {والآثارُ: الأَعْلَامُ) ، واحِدُه الأَثَرُ.
(} والأَثْرُ) ، بفتحٍ فسكونٍ: (فِرِنْدُ السَّيْفِ) ورَوْنَقُه، (ويُكْسَرُ) ، وبضَمَّتَيْن على فُعُل، وَهُوَ واحدٌ لَيْسَ بجَمْعٍ، ( {كالأَثِير. ج} أُثُورٌ) ، بالضمِّ. قَالَ عَبِيدُ بنُ الأَبرَصِ:
ونحنُ صَبَحُنَا عامِراً يومَ أَقْبَلُوا
سُيُوفاً عليهنَّ {الأُثُورُ بَواتِكَا
وأَنشدَ الأَزهريُّ:
كأَنَّهُمْ أَسْيُفٌ بِيضٌ يَمانِيَةٌ
عَضْبٌ مَضَارِبُهَا باقٍ بهَا} الأُثُرُ
{وأَثْرُ السَّيْفِ: تَسَلْسُلُه ودِيبَاجَتُه، فأَمَّا مَا أَنشدَه ابنُ الأَعرابيِّ من قَوْله:
فإِنِّي إِنْ أَقَعْ بكَ لَا أُهَلِّكْ
كوَقعِ السَّيْفِ ذِي} الأَثَرِ الفِرِنْدِ
قَالَ ثعلبٌ: إِنّمَا أَرادَ ذِي الأَثْر، فحَرَّكَه للضَّرورة. قَالَ ابْن سِيدَه: وَلَا ضَرورةَ هُنَا عِنْدِي؛ لأَنّه لَو قَالَ: (ذِي الأَثْر) فسَكَّنه على أَصلِه لصار (مُفَاَعلَتُنْ) إِلى (مَفَاعِيلُنْ) : وهاذا لَا يكْسِر البَيْتَ لاكن الشّاعر إِنما أَرادَ تَوْفِيَةَ الجزْءِ، فحَرَّك لذالك، ومثلُه كثيرٌ، وأَبْدَلَ الْفِرِنْدَ من الأَثَر.
وَفِي الصّحاح: قَالَ يَعْقُوب: لَا يَعرفُ الأَصمعيُّ الأَثْرَ إِلّا بِالْفَتْح، قَالَ: وأَنشدَنِي عِيسَى بنُ عُمَر لخُفَافِ بنِ نَدْبَةَ:
جَلَاها الصَّيْقَلُونَ فأَخْلَصُوها
خِفَافاً كلُّها يَتْقِي! بأَثْرِ
أَي كلُّها يستقبُلكَ بفرِنْدِه. ويَتْقِي، مخفَّف مِن يَتَّقِي، أَي إِذا نَظَر النّاظرُ إِليها اتَّصلَ شُعَاعُها بعينِه فَلم يَتمَكَّن من النَّظَرِ إِليها.
ورَوَى الإِيادِيُّ عَن أَبي الهَيْثَمِ أَنْه كَانَ يَقُول: {الإِثْرُ بكَسْر الهَمْزةِ لخُلَاصَةِ السَّمْنِ، وأَمّا فِرِنْدُ السَّيْفِ فكلُّهُم يَقُول:} أُثْر.
وَعَن ابْن بُزُرْج: وَقَالُوا: {أُثْرُ السَّيْفِ، مضمومٌ: جُرْحُه،} وأَثْرُه، مفتوحٌ: رَوْنَقُه الّذِي فِيهِ.
قلتُ: وزَعم بعضٌ أَن الضَّمَّ أَفصحُ فِيهِ وأَعرَفُ.
وَفِي شَرْح الفَصِيح لِابْنِ التَّيّانِيِّ: أثْرُ السَّيفِ مثالُ صَقْر، {وأُثُرُه، مِثَال طُنُبٍ: فِرِنْدُه.
وَقد ظهرَ بِمَا أَوردنا من النُّصُوص أَنّ الكسْرَ مسموعٌ فِيهِ، وأَرودَه ابْن سِيدَه وغيرُه، فَلَا يُعَرَّجُ على قَول شيخِنَا: إِنه لَا قائلَ بِهِ من أَئِمَّة اللغةِ وأَهلِ العربيّة. فَهُوَ سَهْوٌ ظاهرٌ، نَعم،} الأُثْر بضمَ، على مَا أَوردَه الجوهَرِيُّ وغيرُه، وَكَذَا {الأُثُر، بضمَّتَيْن على مَا أَسْلَفْنَا، مسْتَدْرَكٌ عَلَيْهِ، وَقد أُغْفِلَ شيخُنا عَن الثّانية.
} والأَثِيرُ، كأَمِيرِ الَّذِي ذكرَه المصنِّفُ أَغفلَه أَئِمَّةُ الغَرِيب.
وحَكَى اللَّبْلِيُّ فِي شرح الفَصِيح: {لأُثْرَةُ اللسَّيفِ بِمَعْنى} الأَثْر، جمعُه أُثَر كغُرَفٍ، وَهُوَ مُستدَركٌ على المصنِّف.
(و) الأَثْرُ: (نَقْلُ الحديثِ) عَن القَوم (ورِوايتُه، {كالأَثَارةِ) بِالْفَتْح، (} والأُثْرَةِ، بالضّمِّ) ، وهاذه عَن اللِّحْيَانِّي.
وَفِي الْمُحكم أَثَرَ الحديثَ عَن القومِ ( {يَأْثِرُه) ، أَي من حدِّ ضَرَبَ، (} ويَأْثُره) أَي من حدِّ نَصَرَ: أَنْبأَهم بِمَا سُبِقُوا فِيهِ من الأَثَر، وَقيل: حَدَّثَ بِهِ عَنْهُم فِي {آثَارهم. قَالَ: والصحيحُ عِنْدِي أَنَّ} الأُثْرَةَ الاسمُ، وَهِي المَأْثَرَةُ والمَأْثُرَةُ.
وَفِي حَدِيث عليَ فِي دَعَائِه على الخَوَارج: (وَلَا بَقِيَ مِنْكُم {آثِرٌ) ، أَي مُخْبِرٌ يَرْوِي الحَدِيث.
وَفِي قولِ أبي سُفيانَ فِي حديثِ قَيْصَرَ: (لَوْلَا أَنْ} تَأْثُرُوا عنِّي الكذبَ) ، أَي تَرْوُون وتحكُون.
وَفِي حَدِيث عُمَرَ رضيَ اللهُ عَنهُ: (فَمَا حَلَفتُ بِهِ ذَاكِرًا وَلَا {آثِراً) ، يريدُ مُخْبِراً عَن غيرِه أَنَّه حَلَفَ بِهِ، أَي مَا حلفْتُ بِهِ مُبتدئِاً مِن نفسِي، ولَا رَوَيْتُ عَن أَحدٍ أَنّه حَلَف بهَا.
وَمن هاذا قيل: حديثٌ} مَأْثُورٌ، أَي يُخْبِرُ الناسُ بِهِ بعضُهم بَعْضًا، أَي يَنقلُه خَلَفٌ عَن سَلَفٍ، يُقَال مِنْهُ: {أَثَرْتُ الحديثَ فَهُوَ مَأْثُور، وأَنا آثِرٌ، وَقَالَ الأَعْشَى:
إِنَّ الَّذِي فِيهِ تَمَارَيْتُمَا
بُيِّنَ للسّامِعِ} والآثِرِ.
(و) الأَثْر: (إِكْثَارُ الفَحْلِ مِن ضِرَاب النّاقَة) وَقد أَثَر يَأْثُر، مِن حَدِّ نَصَرَ.
(و) الأُثْر، بالضّمِّ: أَثَرُ الجِرَاحِ يَبقَى بعد البُرْءِ. ومثلُه فِي الصِّحَاح. وَفِي التَّهْذِيب: أُثْرُ الجُرْحِ: {أَثَرُه يَبقَى بعد مَا يَبْرَأُ. وَقَالَ الأَصمعيُّ: الأُثْرُ بالضّمّ من الجُرْحِ وغيرِه فِي الجَسَد يَبْرَأُ ويبقَى} أَثَرُه. وَقَالَ شَمِرٌ: يُقَال فِي هاذا: أَثْرٌ وأُثْرٌ، والجمعُ {آثارٌ، ووجهُه} إِثَارٌ، بِكَسْر الأَلفِ، قَالَ: وَلَو قلتَ أُثُورٌ، كنتَ مُصِيباً.
(و) فِي المُحكم: {الأُثْر: (ماءُ الوجهِ ورَوْنَقُه، و) قد (تُضَمُّ ثاؤُهما) ، مثل عُسْرٍ وعُسُر، ورَوَى الوَجْهَيْن شَمِرٌ، والجمعُ آثارٌ. وأَنشدَ ابنُ سِيدَه:
عَضْبٌ مَضَارِبُهَا باقٍ بهَا} الأُثُرُ
وأَوردَه الجوهريُّ هاكذا: (بيضٌ مضاربُهَا) قَالَ: وَفِي النَّاس مَن يَحْمِلُ هاذا على الفِرِنْد. (و) الأُثْر: (سِمَةٌ فِي بَاطِن خُفِّ البعيرِ يُقْتَفَى بهَا أَثَرُه) ، والجمعُ أُثُور.
وَقد {أَثَرَه} يَأْثُره {أَثْراً،} وأَثَّره: حَزَّه.
(و) رَوَى الإِياديُّ عَن أَبي الهَيْثم أَنه كَانَ يَقُول: الإِثْرُ (بِالْكَسْرِ: خُلاصةُ السَّمْنِ) إِذا سُلِيءَ، وَهُوَ الخِلاصُ، وَقيل: هُوَ اللَّبَنُ إِذا فارَقَه السَّمْنُ. (و) قد (يُضَمُّ) ، وهاذا قد أَنْكَره غيرُ واحدٍ من الأَئِمَّة، وَقَالُوا: إِن المضمومَ فِرِنْدُ السَّيْفِ.
(و) {الأَثُرُ، بِضَم الثّاءِ (كعَجُزٍ، و) الأَثِرُ ك (كَتِفٍ: رجلٌ} يَستأْثِرُ على أَصحابِه) فِي القَسْم، (أَي يَختارُ لنفْسه أَشياءَ حَسنةً) ، وَفِي الصّحاح: أَي يحتاجُ لنَفسِهِ أَفعالاً وأَخلاقاً حَسَنَة.
(والاسمُ {الأَثَرَةُ، محرّكةً، والأُثْرَةُ، بالضّمّ، و) } الإِثْرَة، (بِالْكَسْرِ، و) {الأُثْرَى، (كالحُسْنَى) ، كِلَاهُمَا عَن الصَّغَانِّي.
(و) قد (} أَثِرَ على أَصحابه، كفَرِحَ) ، إِذا (فَعَلَ ذالك) .
وَيُقَال: فلانٌ ذُو {أُثْرَةٍ، بالضمّ، إِذا كَانَ خاصًّا.
وَيُقَال: قد أَخَذَه بِلَا} أَثَرَةٍ، وَبلا {إِثْرَةٍ، وَبلا} استئثارٍ، أَي لم يَستأْثِر على غيرِه وَلم يَأْخُذ الأَجْوَدَ.
وجمْعُ {الإِثْرَة، بِالْكَسْرِ،} إِثَرٌ. قَالَ الحُطَيئةُ يمدحُ عُمَرَ رضيَ اللهُ عَنهُ:
مَا {آثَرُوكَ بهَا إِذْ قَدَّمُوكَ لَهَا
لاكنْ لأَنْفسِهِمْ كانتْ بكَ} الإِثَرُ
أَي الخِيَرَةُ {والإِيثارُ.
وَفِي الحَدِيث: (لما ذُكِرَ لَهُ عُثْمَانُ بالخلافةِ فَقَالَ: أَخْشَى حَفْدَه} وأَثَرَتَه) ، أَي! إِيثارَه، وَهِي {الإِثْرَةُ، وكذالك} الأُثْرَةُ {والأَثْرَةُ} والأُثْرَى قَالَ:
فقلتُ لَهُ يَا ذئْبُ هَل لكَ فِي أَخٍ
يُوَاسى بِلَا أُثْرَى عليكَ وَلَا بُخْلِ
( {والأُثْرَةُ، بالضّمِّ: المَكْرُمةُ) ؛ لأَنها} تُؤْثَرُ، أَي تُذْكَر، ويَأْثُرها قَرْنٌ عَن قَرْنٍ يتحدَّثُون بهَا. وَفِي المُحكَم: المَكْرُمةُ (المُتَوارَثَة، {كالمَأْثَرَةِ) ، بِفَتْح الثاءِ (} والمَأْثُرَةِ) بضمهَا، ومثلُه من الكلامِ المَيْسَرَة والمَيْسُرة، ممّا فِيهِ الوَجْهَانِ، وَهِي نَحْو ثَلَاثِينَ كلمة جَمَعَها الصّغانيّ فِي ح ب ر.
وَقَالَ أَبو زيد: مَأْثُرَةٌ ومآثِرُ، وَهِي القدَمُ فِي الحَسَب. {ومآثِرُ العَرَب: مَكارمُها ومَفاخرُها الَّتِي} تُؤْثَرُ عَنْهَا، أَي تُذْكَرُ وتُرْوَى. ومثلُه فِي الأَساس.
(و) {الأُثْرَةُ: (البَقِيَّةُ من العِلْم} تُؤْثَرُ) ، أَي تُرْوَى وتُذْكَر، ( {كالأَثَرَةِ) محرَّكَةً، (} والأَثارةِ) ، كسَحَابةٍ. وَقد قُرِىءَ بهَا، والأَخيرةُ أَعْلَى.
وَقَالَ الزَّجّاج: {أَثَارةٌ فِي معنَى عَلامة، ويجوزُ أَن يكونَ على معنى بَقِيَّة من عِلْمٍ، ويجوزُ أَن يكونَ على مَا} يُؤْثَرُ من العِلْم. وَيُقَال: أَوْ شَيْءٌ {مَأْثُورٌ من كُتُب الأَوَّلِين، فمَن قرأَ: (أَثَارَة) فَهُوَ المصدرُ، مثل السَّمَاحة، ومَن قرأَ: (} أَثَرةٍ) فإِنه بناهُ على الأَثَر مثْل قَتَرَةٍ، ومَن قَرأَ: ( {أَثْرة) فكأَنه أَراد مثلَ الخَطْفَةِ والرجْفة.
(و) } الأَثْرَة، بالضّمّ: (الجَدْبُ، والحالُ غيرُ المَرْضِيَّة) ، قَالَ الشَّاعِر:
إِذا خافَ مِن أَيْدِي الحَوَادث {أُثْرَةُ
كَفَاهُ حِمارٌ مِن غِنى مَقَيَّدُ
وَمِنْه قولُ النّبيِّ صلَّى الله عليْه وسلّم: (إِنّكم سَتَلْقَوْنَ بَعْدِي} أُثْرَةً فاصْبِرُوا حتَّى تَلْقَوْنِي على الحَوْضِ) . ( {وآثَره: أَكرَمه) ، وَمِنْه: رجلٌ} أَثِيرٌ، أَي مَكِينٌ مُكْرَمٌ. وَالْجمع {أُثَراءُ والأُنْثَى} أَثِيرَةٌ.
( {والأَثِيرَةُ: الدّابَّةُ العظيمةُ الأَثَرِ فِي الأَرضُ بحافِرِا) وخُفَّيْهَا، بَيِّنةُ} الإِثارةِ.
(و) عَن ابْن الأَعرابيّ: (فَعَلَ) هاذا (آثِراً مّا، {وآثِرَ ذِي أَثِيرٍ) ، كلاها على صِيغَةِ اسمِ الْفَاعِل، وكذالك آثِراً، بِلَا (مَا) . وَقَالَ عُرْوَةُ بنُ الوَرْد:
فقالُوا مَا تُرِيدُ فقلتُ أَلْهُو
إِلى الإِصْباحِ آثِرَ ذِي أَثِيرِ
هاكَذَا أَنشده الجوهريُّ. قَالَ الصّغَانيُّ: والروايةُ: (وقالتْ) ، يَعْنِي امرأَتَه أُمَّ وَهْبٍ واسْمُها سَلْمَى.
(و) يُقَال: لَقِيتُه (أَوَّلَ ذِي أَثِيرٍ،} وأَثِيرَةَ ذِي أَثِيرٍ) ، نَقله الصَّغانيّ.) ، {وأُثْرَة ذِي أَثِيرٍ، بالضّمِّ) وضَبَطَه الصّاغانيُّ بالكَسْر.
وَقيل: الأَثِيرُ: الصُّبْحُ، وذُو أَثِيرٍ: وَقْتُه.
(و) حَكَى اللِّحْيَانيّ: (إِثْرَ ذِي} أَثِيرَيْن، بالكَسْر. ويُحرَّك) ، {وإِثْرَةً مّا.
(و) عَن ابْن الأَعرابيّ: ولَقِيتُه (آثِرَ ذاتِ يَدَيْنِ، وذِي يَدَيْنِ، أَي أَوَّلَ كلِّ شَيْءٍ) .
قَالَ الفَرّاءُ: ابْدَأْ بهاذا آثِراً مّا،} وآثِرَ ذِي أَثِيرٍ، {وأَثِيرَ ذِي أَثِيرٍ، أَي ابدَأْ بِهِ أَوَّلَ كلِّ شيءٍ.
ويُقَال: افْعَلْه} آثِراً مّا، {وأَثِراً مّا، أَي إِن كنتَ لَا تفعلُ غيرَه فافْعَلْه.
وقيلَ: افْعَلْهُ} مُؤْثِراً لَهُ على غيرِه، و (مَا) زائدةٌ، وَهِي لازمةٌ لَا يجوزُ حذفُها؛ لأَنّ مَعْنَاهُ افعلْه آثِراً مُخْتَارًا لَهُ مَعْنِيًّ بِهِ، مِن قَوْلك: {آثَرتُ أَن أَفعلَ كَذَا وَكَذَا، وَقَالَ المبرِّد: فِي قولِهم: خُذْ هاذا آثِراً مّا، قَالَ: كَأَنّه يريدُ أَن يأْخذَ مِنْهُ وَاحِدًا وَهُوَ يُسَامُ على آخَرَ، فَيَقُول: خُذْ هاذا الواحِدَ آثِراً، أَي قد} آثرتُكَ بِهِ، و (مَا) فِيهِ حَشْوٌ.
(و) يُقَال: (سَيفٌ مأْثورٌ: فِي مَتْنِه أَثَرٌ) ، وَقَالَ صاحبُ الواعِي: سَيفٌ {مَأْثُورً، أُخِذَ من الأَثَر، كأَنّ وَشْيَهُ أَثَّرَ فِيهِ، (أَو مَتْنُه حَدِيدٌ أَنِيثٌ، وشَفْرَتهُ حَدِيدٌ ذَكَرٌ) ، نَقَلَ القَوْلَيْن الصَّغَانيُّ. (أَو هُوَ الَّذِي) يُقَال إِنه (يَعْمَلُه الجِنُّ) ، وَلَيْسَ من الأَثْرِ الَّذِي هُوَ الفِرِنْد. قَالَ ابنُ مُقْبِلٍ:
إِنِّي أُقَيِّدُ} بالمَأْثُورِ راحِلَتِي
وَلَا أُبالِي وَلَو كُنَّا على سَفَرِ
قَالَ ابنُ سِيدَه: وَعَدَني أَنّ! الْمَأْثُورَ مَفْعُولٌ لَا فِعْلَ لَهُ، كَمَا ذهَب إِليه أَبو عليّ فِي المَفْؤُود الَّذِي هُوَ الجَبان.
(وأَثِرَ يَفْعَلُ كَذَا، كفَرِحَ: طَفِقَ) ، وذالك إهذا أَبْصَرَ الشَّيءَ وضَرِيَ بمعرفتِه وحَذِقه، وكذالك طَبِنَ (وَطَبِقَ ودَبِقَ ولَفِقَ) وفَطِنَ، كَذَا فِي نَوادِر الأَعرابِ.
وَقَالَ ابْن شُمَيل: إِن أَثِرْتَ أَن تَأْتِيَنَا فأْتِنَا يومَ كَذَا وَكَذَا، أَي إِن كَانَ لَا بُدَّ أَن تَأْتِيَنَا فأْتِنَا يومَ كَذَا وَكَذَا.
ويُقَال: قد أَثِرَ أَن يَفْعَلَ ذالك الأَمْرَ، أَي فَرَغَ لَهُ. (و) أَثِرَ (على الأَمرِ: عَزَمَ) ، قَالَ أَبو زيد: قد أَثِرْتُ أَن أَقولَ ذالك: أَي عَزَمْتُ. (و) أَثِرَ (لَهُ: تَفَرَّغَ) ، وَقَالَ اللَّيْثُ: يُقَال: لقد أَثِرْتُ أَن أَفْعَلَ كَذَا وكذَا، وَهُوَ هَمٌّ فِي عَزْمٍ.
(وآثَرَ: اخْتارَ) وفَضَّلَ، وقَدَّمَ، وَفِي التَّنْزِيل: {تَاللَّهِ لَقَدْ آثَرَكَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْنَا} (يُوسُف: 91) قَالَ الأَصمعي: آثرتُكَ إِيثاراً، أَي فَضَّلْتُكَ.
(و) آثَرَ (كَذَا بِكَذَا: أَتْبَعَه إِيّاه) ، وَمِنْه قولُ مُتَمِّمِ بِن نُوَيرةَ يَصفُ الغَيثَ:
{فآثَرَ سَيْلَ الوادِيَيْنِ بدِيمَةٍ
تُرَشِّحُ وَسْمِيًّا مِن النَّبْتِ خِرْوَعَا
أَي أَتْبَعَ مَطراً تقدَّم بدِيمَةٍ بعدَه.
(} والتُّؤْثُورُ) وَفِي بعض الأُصُول التؤْرُورُ، أَي على تُفْعُول بالضّمّ: (حَدِيدَةٌ يُسْحَى بهَا باطِنُ خُفِّ البعيرِ، ليُقْتَصَّ أَثَرُه) فِي الأَرض ويُعْرَفَ، ( {كالمِئْثَرةِ) .
ورأَيت} أُثْرَته، أَي مَوْضِعَ {أَثَرِه من الأَرض.
وَقيل:} الأُثْرَةُ {والتُّؤْثُورُ} والتَّأْثُورُ، كلُّها علاماتٌ تَجعلُهَا الأَعرابُ فِي باطنِ خُفِّ البَعيرِ، وَقد تَقدَّم فِي كَلَام المصنِّف.
(و) {التُّؤْثُورُ: (الْجِلْوَازُ) ، كالتُّؤْرُورِ واليُؤْرُورِ، بالياءِ التَّحْتِيَّة، كَمَا سيأْتي فِي أَرّ، عَن أَبي عليّ.
(} واستأْثرَ بالشيْءِ: استبدَّ بِهِ) وانفردَ. (و) {استأْثرَ بالشيْءِ على غيرِه: (خَصَّ بِهِ نفْسَه) ، قَالَ الأَعشى:
استَأْثَرَ اللهُ بالوفاءِ وبال
عَدْله ووَلَّى المَلامَةَ الرَّجُلَا
وَفِي حَدِيث عُمَرَ: (فوَاللَّه مَا} أَستْأثِرُ بهَا عَلَيْكُم، وَلَا آخذُها دُونَكم) .
(و) استأْثَرَ (اللهُ تَعَالَى) فلَانا، و (بفلانٍ، إِذا ماتَ) وَهُوَ مِمَّنْ يُرْجَى لَهُ الجَنَّةُ (ورُجِيَ لَهُ الغُفْرَانُ) .
(وَذُو الآثارِ) : لَقَبُ (الأُسوَد) بن يَعْفُرَ (النَّهْشَلِيّ) ، وإِنا لُقِّب بِهِ (لأَنَّه) كَانَ (إِذا هَجَا قَوماً تَرَكَ فيهم آثاراً) يُعْرَفون بهَا، (أَو) لأَنّ (شِعْره فِي الأَشعار {كآثارِ الأَسدِ فِي آثارِ السِّباع) لَا يَخْفَى.
(و) يُقَال: (فلانٌ} - أَثِيرِي، أَي مِن خُلَصَائِي) . وَفِي بعض الأُصول: أَي خُلْصانِي. وفلانٌ أَثِيرٌ عِنْد فلانٍ وَذُو أُثْرةٍ، إِذا كَانَ خاصًّا.
ورجلٌ أَثِيرٌ: مَكِينٌ مُكْرَمٌ.
وَفِي الأَساس: وَهُوَ {- أثِيرِي، أَي الَّذِي أُوثِرُه وأُقَدِّمُه.
(و) شيْءً (كَثِيرٌ أَثِيرٌ، إِتباعٌ) لَهُ، مثلُ بَثِير.
(و) } أُثَيْرٌ (كزُبَيْرٍ ابنُ عَمْرٍ والسَّكُونِيُّ الطَّبِيبُ) الكُوفيُّ، وإِليه نُسِبتْ صحراءُ أُثَيْرٍ بالكُوفة.
(ومُغِيرَةُ بنُ جَمِيلِ بنِ {أُثَيْر، شَيخٌ لأَبِي سَعِيدٍ) عبدِ الله بن سَعِيدٍ (الأَشَجِّ) الكوفيّ أَحد الأَئمّة: قَالَ ابْن القرابِ مَاتَ سنة 357 هـ.
وجوادُ بنُ أُثَيْرِ بنِ جَوادٍ الحَضْرميّ، وَغَيرهم.
(وقَولُ عليَ رَضِيَّ اللهُ عَنهُ: (ولستُ} بمَأْثُورٍ فِي دِينِي)) ، أَي لستُ ممَّن {يُؤْثَرُ عنِّي شَرٌّ وتُهمَة فِي دِينِي. فيكونُ قد وَضَعَ} الْمَأْثُورَ مَوضِعَ المأْثُورِ عَنهُ. وَقد تقدَّم (فِي أَب ر) ومَرّ الكلامُ هُنَاكَ.
وَمِمَّا يُستدرَكُ عَلَيْهِ:
الأَثَرُ، بالتَّحْرِيك: مَا بَقِيَ من رَسْمِ الشَّيْءِ، والجَمْعُ الآثارُ.
{والأَثَرُ، أَيضا: مُقَابِلُ العَيْنِ، وَمَعْنَاهُ العَلَامةُ. وَمن أَمثالهم: (لَا أَثَرَ بعد العَيْنِ) . وسَمَّى شيخُنَا كتابَه: (إِقرار العَيْنِ ببقاءِ الأَثَرِ بعدَ ذَهابِ العَيْنِ) .
} والمَأْثُور: أَحدُ سُيُوفِ النَّبيِّ صلَّى اللهُ عيْه وسلَّم. كَمَا ذَكَره أَهْل السِّيَرِ.
وحَكَى اللِّحْيَانيُّ عَن الكِسائيِّ: مَا يُدْرَى لَهُ أَينَ أَثَرٌ، وَلَا يُدْرَى لَهُ مَا أَثَرٌ، أَي مَا يُدْرَى أَين أَصْلُه وَمَا أَصْلُه.
{والإِثْارُ، ككِتَاب: شِبْهُ الشِّمَالِ يُشَدُّ على ضَرْعِ العَنْزِ شِبْهُ كِيسٍ لئلَّا تُعَانَ.
وَفِي الحَدِيث: (مَنْ سَرَّه أَن يَبْسُطَ اللهُ لَهُ فِي رِزْقه وَيَنْسَأَ فِي أَثَرِه فلْيَصِلْ رَحمَه) .} الأَثَرُ الأَجَلُ، سُمِّيَ بِهِ لأَنه يَتْبَعُ العُمرَ، قَالَ زُهَيْر:
والمرءُ مَا عاشَ مَمْدُودٌ لَهُ أَمَلٌ
لَا يَنْتَهِي العمْرُ حتَّى يَنْتَهي الأَثَرُ
وأَصلُه مِن {أَثَّرَ مَشْيُه فِي الأَرض، فإِنَّ مَن ماتَ لَا يَبْقَى لَهُ أَثَرٌ، وَلَا يُرَى لأَقدامِه فِي الأَرض أَثَرٌ. وَمِنْه قولُه للَّذِي مَرَّ بَين يَدَيْه وَهُوَ يُصَلِّي: (قَطَعَ صَلاتَنا قَطَعَ اللهُ} أَثَرَه) ، دُعَاءٌ عَلَيْهِ بالزَّمَانَة؛ لأَنه إِذا زَمِنَ انقطعَ مَشْيُه فانقطعَ أَثَرُه.
وأَمّا {مِيثَرةُ السَّرْجِ غيرُ مَهمُوزةٍ.
وقولُه عَزّ وجَلّ: {وَنَكْتُبُ مَاَ قَدَّمُواْ وَ} آثَارَهُمْ} (يللهس: 12) ، أَي نكتُب مَا أَسْلَفُوا مِن أَعمالِهم.
وَفِي اللِّسَان: وسَمِنَت الإِبلُ والنّاقةُ على أَثَارةٍ. أَي على عَتِيقِ شَحْمٍ كَانَ قبلَ ذالك، قَالَ الشَّمّاخُ:
وذاتِ {أَثَارةٍ أَكَلتْ عَلَيْهِ
نَبَاتاً فِي أَكِمَّتِه قَفَارَا
قَالَ أَبو مَنْصُور: ويُحْتَملُ أَن يكونَ قولُه تَعَالَى: {أَوْ أَثَارَةٍ مّنْ عِلْمٍ} (الْأَحْقَاف: 4) مهن هاذا؛ لأَنها سَمِنَت على بَقِيَّةِ شَحْمٍ كَانَت عَلَيْهَا، فكأَنَّها حَمَلَتْ شَحْماً على بَقِيَّةِ شَحْمِها.
وَفِي الأَساس: وَمِنْه: أَغضَبَني فلانٌ عَن أثارةِ غَضَبٍ، أَي كَانَ قبل ذالك. وَفِي المُحْكَم والتَّهْذِيب: وغَضِبَ على أَثَارةٍ قبْلَ ذالك، أَي قد كَانَ قبْلَ ذالِكَ مِنْهُ غَضَبٌ، ثمَّ ازْدادَ بعد ذالك غَضَباً. هاذه عَن اللِّحْيَانِّي.
وَقَالَ ابنُ عَبَّاس: {أَو} أَثارةٍ مِنْ عِلْمٍ} ، إِنّه عِلْمُ الخَطِّ الَّذِي كَانَ أُوتِيَ بعض الأَنبياءِ.
وأَثْرُ السَّيْفِ: دِيباجَتُه وتَسَلْسُلُه. وَيُقَال: أَثَّرَ بوَجْهِه وبِجَبِينِه السُّجُودُ. وأَثَّرَ فِيهِ السَّيْفُ والــضَّرْبَةُ. وَفِي الأَمثال: يُقال للكاذب: (لَا يَصْدُقُ {أَثَرُه) ، أَي} أَثَرُ رجْلِه.
وَيُقَال: افعَلْه {إِثْرَةَ ذِي} أَثِيرٍ بِالْكَسْرِ وأَثْرَ ذِي أَثِيرٍ، بِالْفَتْح. لغتانِ فِي: آثِر ذِي أَثِيرٍ، بالمدّ، نقلَه الصّاغانيُّ.
وَقَالَ الفَرّاءُ: افْعَلْ هاذه {أَثَراً مّا محرَّكةً مِثل قَوْلك:} آثِراً مّا.
واستدرك شيخُنا.
الأَثِيرُ: كأَمِيرٍ وَهُوَ الفَلَكُ التّاسِعُ الأَعْظَمُ الحاكمُ على كلِّ الأَفلاكِ؛ لأَنّهُ {يُؤَثِّرُ فِي غَيره.
وأَبناءُ الأَثِيرِ: الأَئِمَّةُ المَشَاهِيرُ، الأَخوةُ الثلاثةُ: عِزُّ الدِّين عليُّ بنُ محمّدِ بنِ عبدِ الكريمِ بنِ عبد الواحدِ الشَّيْبَانِيُّ الجَزَرِيُّ، اللُّغَوِيُّ، المحدِّثُ، لَهُ التاريخُ والأَنسابُ، ومعرفةُ الصَّحابةِ، وغيرُها، وأَخُوه مَجْدُ الدِّينِ أَبو السَّعَاداتِ، لَهُ جامعُ الأُصولِ، والنِّهَايَةُ، وغيرُهما، ذَكَرهما الذَّهَبِيُّ فِي التَّذْكرة، وأَخُوهما الثّالثُ ضِياءُ الدِّين أَبو الفَتْحِ نَصْرُ اللهِ، لَهُ المَثَلُ السّائرُ، وغيرُه، ذَكَره مَعَ أَخَويْه ابنُ خلِّكانَ فِي الوَفَيات. قَالَ شيخُنا: ومِن لَطائفِ مَا قِيلَ فيهم:
وبَنُو الأَثِيرِ ثلاثةٌ
قد حازَ كلٌّ مُفْتَخَرْ
فمُؤَرِّخٌ جَمَع العُلُو
مَعَ وآخَرٌ وَلِيَ الوَزَرْ
ومُحَدِّثٌ كَتَب الحَدِي
ثَ لَهُ النِّهَايةُ فِي الأَثَرْ
قَالَ: والوَزِيرُ هُوَ صاحبُ (المَثَلِ السّائِرِ) . وَمَا أَلْطَفَ التَّوْريَةَ فِي النِّهَاية.
وصحراءُ} أُثَيْرٍ، كزُبَيْرٍ: بالكُوفة حيثُ حَرَقَ أَميرُ الْمُؤمنِينَ عليٌّ رضيَ اللهُ عَنهُ النَّفَرَ الغَالِين فِيهِ.

غرو

1 غَرَا الجِلْدَ, (K,) first Pers\. غَرَوْتُ, (S, Msb,) aor. ـُ (Msb, TA,) inf. n. غَرْوٌ, (TA,) He glued the skin; i. e., made it to adhere with غِرَآء. (S, Msb, K.) And غَرَيْتُ السَّهْمَ signifies the same as غَرَوْتُهُ [i. e. I glued the feathers upon the arrow: see the two pass. part. ns.]. (TA.) [And accord. to present usage, ↓ غَرَّاهُ, inf. n. تَغْرِيَةٌ, signifies He glued it.] b2: غَرَا السِّمَنُ قَلْبَهُ, (K, TA,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) Fatness adhered to his heart, and covered it: (K, TA:) mentioned by ISd. (TA.) A2: غَرِىَ بِهِ It adhered to it [as glue or the like]. (Ksh and Bd in v. 17. [And used in this sense in the S and K as an explanation of لَزِجَ بِهِ.]) b2: And [hence], aor. ـْ (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. غَرًا (Abu-l-Khattáb, Msb, K, TA) and غِرَآءٌ, (K, TA,) like كِسَآءٌ, but in the M like سَحَاب [i. e. غَرَآءٌ], which J [in the S] pronounces to be a subst., (TA,) He became attached to it, or fond of it; was eagerly desirous of it; he adhered, clung, or clave, to it; or loved it; syn. أُولِعَ بِهِ; (Msb, K, TA;) and لَزِمَهُ; (TA;) without his being incited thereto by another; (Msb, TA;) and بِهِ ↓ أُغْرِىَ signifies the same, (Msb, * K, TA,) as also بِهِ ↓ غُرِّىَ, (K, TA,) each with damm, (K,) and the latter with teshdeed, as is stated in the M. (TA.) b3: See also 3. b4: And غَرِىَ فُلَانٌ Such a one persisted, or persevered, in his anger. (S, TA.) b5: غَرِىَ said of what is termed عِدٌّ, [i. e. of the water thus termed,] (M, and so in some copies of the K,) or of a غَدِير, [or pool of water left by a torrent,] (so in other copies of the K [but the former is said in the TA to be the right],) It became cold, or cool, (M, TA,) or its water became cold, or cool. (K.) A3: غَرَوْتُ, (inf. n. غَرْوٌ, S, * Msb,) also signifies I wondered. (S, Msb, TA.) [See غَرْوٌ, below.]2 غرّاهُ: see 1, third sentence. b2: [The inf. n.]

تَغْرِيَةٌ is syn. with تَطْلِيَةٌ [The daubing, smearing, or rubbing over; perhaps particularly, or originally, with غِرَآء i. e. glue]. (K.) b3: غرّاهُ بِهِ: see 4. And غُرِّىَ بِهِ: see 1, latter half.3 غارى بَيْنَ الشَّيْئَيْنِ, (S, K,) inf. n. غِرَآءٌ, (S,) He made no interruption between the two things: (S, K:) mentioned by A'Obeyd, from Khálid Ibn-Kulthoom: and hence the saying of Kutheiyir, إِذَا قُلْتَ أَسْلُو فَاضَتِ العَيْنُ بِالبُكَا غِرَاءً وَمَدَّتْهَا مَدَامِعُ حُفَّلُ [When thou sayest, “I will be forgetful,” or “ unmindful,” the eye overflows with weeping, uninterruptedly, and copious flowings of tears pour into it and replenish it]: AO says that the verb is from غَرِيتُ بِالشَّيْءِ. (S, TA.) b2: and غارى فُلَانًا, (K, TA,) inf. n. مُغَارَاةٌ and غِرَآءٌ, (TA,) He wrangled, quarrelled, or contended, with such a one: (K, TA:) mentioned on the authority of AHeyth, who disallowed بِهِ ↓ غَرِىَ, inf. n. غرآء. (TA. [Whether AHeyth disallowed the latter in this sense or in one of the senses mentioned in the first paragraph is not stated.]) 4 اغراهُ بِهِ He made him to become attached to it, or fond of it; to be eagerly desirous of it; to adhere, cling, or cleave, to it; or to love it; (Msb, K;) syn. وَلَّعَهُ: (K:) one should not say بِهِ ↓ غرّاهُ. (TA. [But one says غُرِّىَ بِهِ: see 1.]) And أُغْرِىَ بِهِ: see 1. b2: He incited, urged, or instigated, him to do it. (MA, and Har p. 355.) You say, أَغْرَيْتُ الكَلْبَ بِالصَّيْدِ (S) I incited, urged, or instigated, the dog, to, or against, the object, or objects, of the chase. (Kull.) b3: And اغراهُ بِهِمْ He set him upon them, or over them; or made him to have mastery, dominion, or authority, over them. (Jel in xxxiii. 60.) b4: اغرى بَيْنَهُمُ العَدَاوَةَ (tropical:) He occasioned enmity between them: (Jel in v. 17:) he cast enmity between them, as though he made it to cleave to them: (K, TA:) a tropical phrase. (TA.) And أَغْرَيْتُ بَيْنَهُمْ [in which an objective complement is understood] (S, Msb) i. q. أَفْسَدْتُ [meaning (assumed tropical:) I excited disorder, disturbance, dis-agreement, discord, dissension, strife, or quarrel-ling, or I made, or did, mischief, between them, or among them]. (Msb.) A2: اغرى الشَّىْءَ, said of God, He made, or rendered, the thing goodly, or beautiful. (IKtt, TA.) 6 هُمَا يَتَغَارَيَانِ فِى الغَضَبِ [app. They two wrangle, quarrel, or contend, in anger]. (JK. [See 3.]) لَاغَرْوَ signifies لَا عَجَبَ [meaning There is no case of wonder], (Msb, K, and Ham p. 603,) the enunciative of لَا being suppressed, as though the saying were لَاغَرْوَ فِى الدُّنْيَا [there is no case of wonder in the present world] or مَوْجُودٌ [existing]; (Ham;) as also ↓ لَا غَرْوَى: (K:) or لَيْسَ بِعَجَبٍ

[meaning it is not a case of wonder]. (S.) One says, لَا غَرْوَ مِنْ كَذَا i. e. لَا عَجَبَ [meaning There is no case of wonder arising from such a thing, or, using غرو as an inf. n., (see 1, last signification,) there is no wondering at such a thing]. (Har p. 488.) And the saying وَلَا غَرْوَ أَنْ يَحْذُو الفَتَى حَذْوَ وَالِدِهْ means And it is not a case of wonder (لَيْسَ بِعَجَبٍ), i. e. there is no wondering (لَا عَجَبَ), that the [young] man should follow the example of his father, doing the like of his deed. (Har p. 86.) غَرًا: see غِرَآءٌ, in two places. b2: Also The غِرْس [q. v.] that descends [from the womb] with the child. (TA.) b3: And The young one of the cow: (K, TA:) or, as some say, peculiarly, of [the species of bovine antelope called] the wild cow: dual غَرَوَانِ: and pl. أَغْرَآءٌ. (TA.) It is also applied to The young camel when just born: and, some say, it signifies a youngling that is very sappy or soft or tender: (TA:) and anything brought forth (K, TA) until its flesh becomes firm, or hard. (TA.) b4: And (K, TA) [hence], by way of comparison, (TA,) as also ↓ غَرَاةٌ, (assumed tropical:) Lean, meagre, or emaciated, (K, TA,) in a great degree: (TA:) pl. أَغْرَآءٌ. (K, TA.) Hence the trad., لَا حَتًّى يَكْبَرَ ↓ تَذْبَحُوهُ غَرَاةً (assumed tropical:) [Do not ye slaughter it while very lean, &c., until it become full-grown] (TA. [See 4 in art. فرع.]) A2: Also Goodliness, or beauty. (S, K. [See غَرِىٌّ.]) غَرَاةٌ [Excitement of disorder, disturbance, disagreement, &c.;] the subst. from أَغْرَيْتُ بَيْنَهُمْ [q. v.]. (S.) A2: See also غَرًا, in two places.

غَرْوَى: see the next paragraph: A2: and see also لَا غَرْوَ.

غَرَآءٌ [A state of attachment, or fondness, &c.;] the subst. from غَرِىَ بِهِ [q. v.] as meaning أُولِعَ بِهِ: (S, Msb, TA:) or, accord. to the M, this is an inf. n.; and the subst. accord. to the K is ↓ غَرْوَى. (TA.) غِرَآءٌ and ↓ غَرًا (S, Mgh, Msb, K) [Glue;] a substance with which a thing is made to adhere, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) obtained from fish, (S, Mgh,) or made from skins, and sometimes made from fish: (Msb:) or the substance with which one smears; (Fr, K, TA;) and thus the former word is expl. by Sh: (TA:) or a certain thing that is extracted from fish: (K:) [and mucilage, which by concretion becomes gum; the former word is used in this sense in the K voce صَمْغٌ. q. v.:] and it is said that the trees [app. that produce the mucilage termed غِرَآء, otherwise [know not what can be meant thereby,] are [called] غَرًى [or ↓ غَرًا]; but AHn says that certain persons pronounce the word thus, but it is not the approved way. (TA.) A2: رَجَلٌ غِرَآءٌ means A man who has not a beast [to carry him] (لَا دَابَّةَ لَهُ). (K.) غَرِىٌّ Made to adhere; syn. مُلْصَقٌ. (TA voce عَرِيرٌ.) b2: [And hence, (assumed tropical:) An adherent. (See عَرِيرٌ.) b3: Hence also, Daubed, smeared, or rubbed over; as will be shown in the course of this paragraph. (See also مَغْرُوٌّ.) b4: ] And The goodly, or beautiful, (S, K, TA,) in respect of face, (TA,) of mankind, (S, K, TA,) and the goodly, or beautiful, of others than mankind: and [particularly] a goodly building: (K, TA:) and hence. b5: الغَرِيَّانِ Two well-known buildings, in El-Koofeh, (K, TA,) at Eth-Thaweeyeh, where is the tomb of 'Alee, the Prince of the Faithful, asserted to have been built by one of the Kings of El-Heereh: (TA:) or two tall buildings, said to be the tombs of Málik and Akeel, the two cup-companions of Jedheemeh ElAbrash; thus called because En-Noamán Ibn-El-Mundhir used to smear them (كَانَ يُغَرِّيهِمَا) with the blood of him whom he slew when he went forth in the day of his evil fortune [or ill omen, the story of which is well known], (S, TA.) b6: الغَرِىُّ is also the name of A certain idol [or object of idolatrous worship, app. from what here follows, a mass of stone, like as اللَّاتُّ is said to have been by some, and like as were several other objects of worship of the pagan Arabs], with which [probably meaning with the blood on which] one used to smear himself, and upon which one used to sacrifice [victims]. (TA.) b7: And غَرِىٌّ signifies also A certain red dye. (TA.) غُرَاوَى i. q. رَغْوَةٌ [i. e. Froth]: (K, TA: [الغُراءىٰ in the CK is a mistranscription:]) app. formed by transposition; for رُغَاوَى has been mentioned [in art. رغو] as syn. with رَغْوَةٌ: (TA:) pl. with fet-h [i. e. غَرَاوَى]. (K, TA.) هُوَ مُغْرًى بِهِ, from أَغْرَاهُ بِهِ [q. v.], He is made to become attached to it, or fond of it; &c. (TA.) مَغْرُوٌّ [pass. part. n. of غَرَا, q. v.; Glued, &c. b2: Hence, for سَهْمٌ مَغْرُوٌّ, lit. A glued arrow, meaning an arrow having the feathers glued upon it, i. e.] a feathered arrow. (Meyd in explanation of what here follows.) It is said in a prov., أَدْرِكْنِى وَلَوْ بِأَحَدِ المُغْرُوَّيْنِ, meaning [Reach thou me, though] with one of the two [feathered] arrows: or, as Th says, with an arrow or with a spear: (S:) El-Mufaddal says, there were two brothers, of the people of Hejer, a people to whom the Arabs ascribe stupidity, and one of those two rode an intractable she-camel, and the one that did not ride had with him a how, and his name was Huneyn; so the one that was riding called to him, and said, يَا هُنَيْنُ وَيْلَكَ انْزِلْنِى وَلَوْ بِأَحَدِ المَغْرُوَّيْنِ, [in which انزلنى seems to be a mistranscription for ادركنى,] meaning, with his arrow; whereupon his brother shot at him and laid him prostrate; and his saying became a prov., applied on an occasion of necessity, or difficulty, and of the after failing of stratagem. (Meyd.) One says also قَوْسٌ مَغْرُوَّةٌ [A glued bow] (S, Msb, K) and ↓ مَغْرِيَّةٌ. (S, K.) قَوْسٌ مَغْرِيَّةٌ: see what next precedes.

حو

ى1 حَوَاهُ, aor. ـِ (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. حَىٌّ, (S,) or حَوَايَةٌ, (Msb,) or both, (K,) He collected it; brought it, drew it, or gathered it, together; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ تحاواهُ: (TA:) he grasped it; got, or gained, possession of it: (Msb, K:) and ↓ احتواهُ signifies the same; (S, Msb, K;) as also عَلَيْهِ ↓ احتوى: (Msb, K:) or this last, he took, or got, possession of it; took it, got it, or held it, within his grasp, or in his possession: (S:) and حَوَاهُ signifies also he possessed it: (Msb:) and, said of a place [&c., as also ↓ احتوى

عليه and ↓ احتواه], it comprised, comprehended, or contained, it. (TA.) b2: He turned it round, made it to turn round, or wound it. (Har p. 236.

[See حَىٌّ in art. حى.]) A2: حَوَى حَوِيَّةً He made a vehicle for a woman such as is called حَوِيَّة. (TA.) A3: حَوِىَ [originally حَوِوَ]: see art. حو.2 تَحْوِيَةٌ [inf. n. of حوّى] signifies The act of drawing together, or contracting: and the state of drawing together, or contracting; or being drawn together, or contracted; as also تَحَوٍّ

[inf. n. of ↓ تحوّى]: (Lh, K:) or, in the opinion of ISd, تَحْوِيَةٌ has the former signification; and ↓ تَحَوٍّ, the latter. (TA.) A woman of the tribe of Kelb, being asked what she did in the rainy night, answered, أُحَوِّى نَفْسِى [I draw myself together]. (Lh, TA.) b2: كَانَتْ تُحَوِّى وَرَآءَهُ بِعَبَآءَةٍ

أَوْ كِسَآءٍ, occurring in a trad. of Safeeyeh, means She used to wind an عباءة or a كساء round the hump of the camel, behind him, and then to ride upon it. (IAth. [See حَوِيَّةٌ.]) 5 تحوّى, (S, K,) inf. n. تَحَوٍّ, (K,) It assumed a round, or circular, form; or coiled itself: (K:) or it gathered itself together, and coiled itself, or assumed a round, or circular, form. (S.) Yousay, تَحَوَّتِ الحَيَّةُ (S, K *) The serpent gathered itself together, and wound, or coiled, itself; (TA;) whence, as some say, the word حَيَّةٌ: (K:) and in like manner one says of the intestines. (K.) b2: See also 2, in two places.6 تَحَاْوَىَ see 1.8 إِحْتَوَىَ see 1, in four places.

A2: احتوى حَوِيًّا He made a small watering-trough, or tank, for his camels. (TA.) حَوًى, (Az, IB, TA,) or ↓ حَوِيَّةٌ, (K,) The having, or assuming, a round, or circular, or coiled, form; or roundness or circularity [or the state of being coiled]; of anything; (Az, K, TA;) as, for instance, of a serpent; (Az, IB, TA;) and of certain asterisms, which appear regularly disposed in a round, or circular, form. (Az, TA.) [See 5.]

حِوَآءٌ A place that comprises, comprehends, or contains, a thing: for instance, the belly [or womb] of the mother is a حوآء to the child [or fœtus]. (TA.) b2: A collection of tents (بُيُوت), near together; as also ↓ مُحَوًّى: (K:) or a collection of tents (بيوت) of people, made of camel's fur: (S:) or a collection of tents (بيوت) of people, at a water: (TA:) pl. أَحْوِيَةٌ: (S, TA:) and ↓ محتوى

[app. مُحْتَوًى] and ↓ محوى [app. مَحْوًى] signify a place in which the tents (بيوت) of a tribe are collected together: (Lth, TA:) the last is of the dial. of El-Yemen, where it is applied to a few small tents collected together in a tract, or region, of fruitful, or productive, land: (TA:) and its pl. is محاوى [or, more probably, مَحَاوٍ; with the article, المَحَاوِى]. (Lth, TA.) A tent of [goats'] hair, and of [camels'] fur, of the Arabs of the desert. (KL.) حَوِىٌّ Possessing, after deserving, or after becoming entitled. (IAar, K.) A2: A small wateringtrough, or tank, (K, TA,) which a man makes for his camel; called also مَرْكُوٌّ. (TA.) [See also the next paragraph.]

حَوِيَّةٌ: see حَوًى.

A2: Also A winding, or circling, or coiled, gut or intestine; and so ↓ حَاوِيَةٌ and ↓ حَاوِيَآءُ: (K:) [also called قِتْبٌ:] or the [kind of gut, or intestine, termed]

دَوَّارَة in the belly of the sheep or goat; as also ↓ حَاوِيَةٌ: (IAar:) حَوِيَّةٌ البَطْنِ and البَطْنِ ↓ حَاوِيَةٌ and البَطْنِ ↓ حَاوِيَآءُ all signify the same: (S:) the pl. is حَوَايَا; (K;) or this is the pl. of حَوِيَّةٌ, signifying the أَمْعَآء [or intestines into which the food passes from the stomach]; and the pl. of حَاوِيَةٌ and حَاوِيَآءُ is [said to be] حَوَاوٍ; (S;) but IB says that this latter pl. is not held to be allowable by Sb, and that حَوَايَا is the pl. of all the three sings., [originally] of the measure فَعَائِلُ as pl. of the first, and فَوَاعِلُ as pl. of the second and third [though in these two cases it should be by rule حَوَآءٍ]: AHeyth says that حَوَايَا as pl. of حَاوِيَةٌ is like زَوَايَا as pl. of زَاوِيَةٌ: and ISk mentions الحَاوِيَاتُ as pl. of الحَاوِيَةُ and الحَاوِيَآءُ, [in the latter case like قَاصِعَاتٌ as pl. of قَاصِعَآءُ,] and explains it as signifying بَنَاتُ اللَّبَنِ [app. meaning the small guts, or intestines, in which originate the lacteals]. (TA.) b2: Also sing. of حَوَايَا signifying Winding excavations or hollows, which the rain fills, and in which it remains a long time because the soil at the bottom thereof is cohesive and hard, retaining the water: the Arabs call them [also] أَمْعَآء, likening them to the حَوَايَا of the belly: accord. to AA, the pl. signifies i. q. مَسَاطِحُ [pl. of مِسْطَحٌ], made by collecting earth and stones upon smooth and hard rock, to confine thereby water: accord. to IB, on the authority of IKh, wells that are dug in the district of Kelb, in hard ground, whereby is confined the water of the torrents, which they drink throughout the year: accord. to Nasr, a certain construction with masses of rock in the form of a pool, on the way to Et-Teghlibeeyeh, near Ood: accord. to ISd, the sing. signifies a smooth and hard rock which is surrounded with stones and earth, in which water collects. (TA.) b3: Also A [garment of the kind called] كِسَآء, stuffed [with ثُمَام or the like], which is wound round the hump of the camel; (S, K; *) i. q. سَوِيَّةٌ, except that the former is only for camels, and the latter is sometimes for other animals: pl. حَوَايَا: (S:) a subst. from 2 in the last of the senses assigned to it above: (IAth:) [the same is app. meant by what here follows:] a certain thing that is prepared for a woman to ride upon. (TA. [But it was also used by men.]) 'Omeyr Ibn-Wahb El-Jumahee said, on the day of Bedr, when he computed the number of the companions of the Prophet, رَأَيْتُ الحَوَايَا عَلَيْهَا المَنَايَا [meaning I saw the حوايا with the men of courage upon them]: (S:) [for]

مَنِيَّةٌ [sing. of منايا] means (assumed tropical:) “ a man of courage upon his saddle. ” (TA.) حُوَيَّةٌ [a dim. of حَيَّةٌ]: see what next follows.

رَجُلٌ حَوَّآءٌ A man who collects serpents (حَيَّات); and so ↓ حَاوٍ: [which latter, vulgarly pronounced حَاوِى, is also now applied to a serpent-charmer; and a juggler who performs various tricks with serpents &c.:] (K in art. حى:) or the latter, (S in that art.,) or both, (T in that art.,) an owner of serpents; (T, S;) and so حَاىٍ: (T:) the pl. of حَاوٍ is حُوَاةٌ. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] ↓ الحَوَّآءُ الحُوَيَّةُ (assumed tropical:) The constellations Serpentarius and Serpens. (Kzw.) حَاوٍ: see what next precedes.

حَاوِيَةٌ: see حَوِيَّةٌ, in three places.

حَاوِيَآءُ: see حَوِيَّةٌ, in two places.

حَاوِىٌّ: see حَائِىٌّ, in art. حوأ.

حَيَّةٌ [meaning A serpent] is said by some to be from تَحَوَّى, because what is so termed gathers itself together, and winds, or coils, itself; (ISd, * K, * TA;) and to be originally حَوْيَةٌ; (TA in art. حى;) and their opinion is strengthened by the forms and meaning of the words حَوَّآءٌ and حَاوٍ (TA) [and by the form and meaning of the word مَحْوَاةٌ]: or the حيّة is so called because of the length of its life (لِطُولِ حَيَاتِهَا). (K. [See the next art.]) أَحْوَى: see art. حو.

أَحْوِىٌّ: see art. حو.

محوى [app. مَحْوًى]: see حِوَآءٌ.

أَرْضٌ مَحْوَاةٌ A land abounding with حَيَّات [or serpents]: (TA:) or containing serpents; as also مَحْيَاةٌ. (Ibn-Es-Sarráj, S in art. حى.) مَحْوِىٌّ pass. part. n. of حَوَاهُ. (Msb.) مُحَوًّى: see حِوَآءٌ.

محتوى [app. مُحْتَوًى]: see حِوَآءٌ.

حى: or حى and حيو 1 حَيِىَ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) and حَىَّ, (S, K,) which latter is the more common, (Fr, S,) [like مَلَّ, originally مَلِلَ,] dual حَيِيَا, and حَيَّا, (Fr,) pl. حَيُوا, (Fr, S,) like خَشُوا, (S,) and حَيُّوا, (Fr, S,) as some say, (S,) aor. ـْ (S, Msb, K,) and يَحَىُّ, (Fr, K,) [like يَمَلُّ, originally يَمْلَلُ,] occurring in poetry, but improper, and disallowed by the Basrees, (Fr,) inf. n. حَيَاةٌ [q. v. infrà], (IB, Mgh, Msb,) or حَيَآءٌ, (K,) and حِىٌّ and حَيَوَانٌ, (IB,) which last has an intensive signification, like its contr. مَوَتَانٌ, (Msb,) He, or it, lived; or was, or became, in the state termed حَيَاةٌ, explained below. (S, K.) [The inf. n. حَيَوَانٌ (q. v. infrà) suggests the supposition that حَيِىَ may be originally حَيِوَ; but I find no authority for this supposition; and if it be the case, this verb presents the only instance of a root of which the medial radical letter is ى and the final و.] b2: حَيُوا, said of a people, or company of men, (assumed tropical:) They were, or became, in good condition: (AA, S:) or they were, or became, fat, by having the means of subsistence, بَعْدَ هُزَالٍ [after leanness]. (Az. [See also 4.]) b3: You say also, حَيَّتِ النَّارُ, inf. n. حَيَاةٌ and حَيَآءٌ, (assumed tropical:) [The fire was, or became, alive, or burning,] like as you say, مَاتَت. (AHn.) b4: حَيِىَ الطَّرِيقُ (assumed tropical:) The road, or way, was, or became, apparent, or distinct. (K.) One says, إِذَا حَيِىَ لَكَ الطَّرِيقُ فَخُذْ يَمْنَةً (assumed tropical:) [When the road, or way, becomes apparent, or distinct, to thee, take to the right]. (TA.) b5: حَيِىَ and حَيِىَ مِنْهُ, aor. ـْ inf. n. حَيَآءٌ: see 10, in two places.

A2: حَىَّ الخَمْسِينَ: see 2.2 حيّاهُ, inf. n. تَحِيَّةٌ, (Mgh, Msb, K,) in its primary sense, i. q. ↓ احياهُ. (Mgh.) You say, حَيَّاكَ اللّٰهُ, (S, K,) meaning May God preserve thee alive; prolong thy life; or make thee to continue in life; syn. أَبْقَاكَ; (Fr, Selemeh Ibn-'Ásim, K;) as also ↓ احياك; (Selemeh Ibn-'Ásim, TA;) or عَمَّرَكَ: (Aboo-'Othmán El-Mázinee, Mgh, TA:) or may God save thee; or make thee to be free from evil, or harm, or the like: (Fr, TA:) or may God make thee to have dominion: (Fr, S, K:) or may God honour thee, and benefit thee. (Ham. p. 489.) And حَيَّاكَ اللّٰهُ وَبَيَّاكَ [explained in art. بى]. (TA.) And حَيَّا اللّٰهُ وَجْهَكَ [May God preserve thy face: see مُحَيًّا]. (Ham p. 23.) b2: Also He said to him حَيَّاكَ اللّٰهُ, explained above: (Mgh:) originally, he prayed for his life: and then, he prayed for him, absolutely: (Msb:) he saluted him; (K, TA;) and so حيّاهُ تَحِيَّةَ المُؤْمِنِ: (Lh, TA:) as used in the language of the law, he said to him, سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكَ. (Msb.) b3: [See also تَحِيَّةٌ, below.]

A2: حيّا الخَمْسِينَ [in the CK (erroneously) الخَمْسِينَ ↓ حَىَّ] He approached [the age of] fifty. (IAar, K, TA.) A3: حَيَّيَتُ حَآءً حَسَنةً and حَسَنًا [I wrote a beautiful ح]. (TA in باب الالف اللّينة.) 3 حَايَيْتُ النَّارَ, (inf. n. مُحَايَاةٌ, TA,) i. q. ↓ أَحْيَيْتُهَا [i. e. (assumed tropical:) I gave life to, enlivened, or revived, the fire] by blowing. (K.) [See also 2 in art. رهب; where a similar meaning is assigned to the former verb; but perhaps it is there a mistranscription.] مُحَايَاةٌ also signifies Nourishment (غِذَآء [which is properly speaking a subst., but seems to be here used as an inf. n.,]) for, or of a child, (K, TA,) with that whereby is his life, or, as in the M, because thereby is his life. (TA.) 4 احياهُ, (S, Msb, K, &c.,) inf. n. إِحْيَآءٌ, (TA,) said of God, (S, Msb,) He made him alive, to live, or be a living being; quickened, endued with life, vivified, [revivified, revived, or resuscitated,] him. (S, * Msb, * K.) Hence, in the Kur [lxxv. last verse], أَلَيْسَ ذٰلِكَ بِقَادِرٍ أَنْ يُحْيِىَ المَوْتَى, (S, TA,) i. e. Is not That Doer of these things (Jel) [able to quicken the dead?]. b2: See also 2, in two places. b3: (assumed tropical:) He (God) endued him with the intellectual faculty: as in the saying, in the Kur [vi. 122], أَوَمَنْ كَانَ مَيِّتًا فَأَحْيَيْنَاهُ (assumed tropical:) [And is he who was intellectually dead and whom we have endued with the intellectual faculty...?]. (Er-Rághib.) b4: See also 3. b5: احيا الأَرْضَ (assumed tropical:) He (God) revived the earth, or land, by the rain, so as to produce in it plants, or herbage. (TA.) And أُحْيِيَتِ الأَرْضُ (assumed tropical:) The land was tilled, and made productive. (AHn.) And احيا المَوَاتِ (tropical:) He turned to use the unowned and unused and uncultivated land by walling it round or sowing it or building upon it and the like. (TA.) b6: Also (assumed tropical:) He (a man) found the land to be fruitful, or abundant in herbage, (S, K,) with fresh herbage. (K.) b7: احيا اللَّيْلَ (assumed tropical:) He passed the night in religious service, worship, adoration, or devotion, abstaining from sleep: (TA:) or [simply] he remained awake during the night. (W p. 9.) And احيا لَيْلَتَهُ He passed his night awake. (MA.) A2: احيت النَّاقَةُ The she-camel had living offspring; (S, K;) her offspring seldom, or never, died. (S.) b2: احيا القَوْمُ The people, or company of men, had their cattle living: (K:) or had their cattle in good condition: (AA, S, K:) or had rain, so that their beasts obtained herbage to such a degree that they became fat: (Az:) or they (themselves) became in a state of abundance of herbage, or plenty. (S, K. [See also 1.]) 5 تحيّا مِنْهُ (assumed tropical:) He shrank from it: taken from الحَيَآءُ [or الحَيَاةُ]; because it is of the nature of the living to shrink: or it is originally تَحَوَّى; the و being changed into ى; or [in other words] from الحَىُّ “ the act of collecting,” [inf. n. of حَوَاهُ,] like تَحَيَّزَ from الحَوْزُ. (TA.) [See also 10.]6 تَحَايَا as quasi-pass. of 3, He quickened, enlivened, or revived, himself. See an ex. voce رُوحٌ.]10 استحياهُ He spared him; let him live; or left him alive; (S, Msb, K, TA;) did not slay him; (Msb;) in which sense the verb has but one form: (Msb, TA:) or he left him; let him alone; or forbore from him. (Mgh.) b2: Hence, as some say, (K,) إِنَّ اللّٰهَ لَا يَسْتَحْيِى أَنْ يَضْرِبَ مَثَلًا, (S, K,) in the Kur [ii. 24], i. e. لَا يَسْتَبْقِى

[meaning Verily God will not spare to propound, or refrain from propounding, a parable, or as a parable]. (S.) [Hence, also,] إِنَّ اللّٰهَ يَسْتَحْيِى مِنْ ذِى الشَّيْبَةِ المُسْلِمِ أَنْ يُعَذِّبَهُ, i. e. [Verily God] forbears from punishing [the hoary Muslim]. (Er-Rághib.) b3: [اِسْتَحْيَى, or اِسْتَحْيَا, which latter is the more proper mode of writing it, also signifies He felt, or had a sense of, or he was, or became, moved or affected with, shame, shyness, or bashfulness; and particularly, but not always, honest shame, or pudency, or modesty; or his soul shrank from foul things; as also اِسْتَحَى; and ↓ حَيِىَ, inf. n. حَيَآءٌ.] استحيى is of the dial. of El-Hijáz; and استحى, with a single ى, is of the dial. of Temeem; (Akh, S, Msb;) the former being the original, (Akh, S,) and that which is used in the Kur: (Msb:) in the latter, the first ى [of the original] is suppressed, [and its vowel is transferred to the ح,] to facilitate the pronunciation, because of the occurrence of the two ى s together: this is the opinion of Sb; and with it agrees that of Aboo-'Othmán [ElMázinee]: the opinion ascribed to Sb in the S, namely, that اِسْتَحَيْتُ is changed from اِسْتَحْيَيْتُ in like manner as اِسْتَبَعْتُ is changed from اِسْتَبٌيَعْتُ, is that of Kh, and is disallowed by El-Mázinee. (IB.) You say, استحيى منه, (S, K, [in the CK, erroneously, عَنْهُ,]) or استحيا منه, (Mgh, Msb,) and استحى منه, and استحياهُ, (S, Msb, K, TA,) and استحاهُ; (TA, [and so in the CK in the place of استحياهُ;]) as also منه ↓ حَيِىَ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـْ (S,) inf. n. حَيَآءٌ; (S, * Mgh, Msb, K;) He was ashamed of it or on account of it, or ashamed to do it, or shy of doing it; [generally meaning a foul thing;] he was ashamed for himself, or of himself, or was bashful, or shy, with respect to it, or him; he was abashed at, or shy of, it, or him; (K;) he shrank from it, or him: (Msb, K: *) and استحيى مِنْ كَذَا [or استحيا] He disdained, or scorned, such a thing; abstained from it, or refused to do it, by reason of disdain and pride; he dislike, or hated, it, and his soul was above it; he shunned it, avoided it, or kept himself far from it; syn. أَنِفَ مِنْهُ. (TA.) حَىَّ a verbal noun, (S, M, Mgh, TA,) and therefore immediately followed by عَلَى, (M, TA,) used as an imperative [addressed to a single person, male or female, and to more than one]; (S;) used in calling, or summoning, or inviting, and urging; (Lth, T, TA;) and having no verb derived from it [alone, for حَيْعَلَ is derived from حَىَّ and عَلَى together]; (Lth, T, Msb, TA;) meaning Come: (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K, TA, &c.:) or come quickly: or hasten. (Mgh, TA.) Hence, حَىَّ عَلَى الصَّلَاهٌ (in the أَذَان, TA) Come to prayer: (IKt, S, M, Msb, K:) or come ye to prayer: or come ye quickly: or hasten ye. (TA.) And حَىَّ عَلَى الفَلَاحْ [in the same: see art. فلح]. (Mgh, TA.) And حَىَّ عَلَى الغَدَآءِ [Come to the morning-meal]: and على العَشَآءِ [to the evening-meal]: (Msb:) and على الثَّرِيدِ [to the crumbled bread moistened with broth]: (S:) and على الخَيْرِ [to good, good fortune, prosperity, &c.]. (Lth, T, TA.) The saying of Ibn-Ahmar, حَىَّ الحُمُولَ فَإِنَّ الرَّكْبَ قَدْ ذَهَبَا means Keep thou to the loads [for the riders upon the camels have gone]. (TA.) b2: In the phrase حَىَّ هَلَ, and حَىَّ هَلًا, followed by عَلَى كَذَا and إِلَى كَذَا, and حَىَّ هَلَا, (K,) which last is used in a case of pausation, but is bad in other cases, (S in art. هل,) and حَىَّ هَلْ, and حَيَّهْل, [so in the copies of the K,] with the ه quiescent, (K,) and حىّ هلن [app. حَىَّ هَلَنْ, for حَىَّ هَلًا, or perhaps a mistranscription for حَىَّ هَلَكَ], (TA,) [the most common rendering of حَىَّ هَلَ &c. is like that of حَىَّ alone, namely, Come: or] حىّ signifies hasten thou; and [هل or] هلا, come to it, or reach it; [so that the meaning is hasten thou: come to such a thing:] or حىّ signifies come; and [هل or] هلا, quickly (حَثِيثًا), or be thou quick; [so that the meaning is come quickly to such a thing:] or [هل or]

هلا signifies be thou quiet; and the meaning is أَسْرِعْ عِنْدَ ذِكْرِهِ وَاسْكُنْ حَتَّى يَنْقَضِىَ [Speed thou at the mention thereof, and be quiet until it is finished]. (K.) Accord. to Abu-lKhattáb, the Arabs used to say, حَىَّ هَلَ الصَّلَاةَ, meaning Come thou to prayer. (TA.) And one says, حَىَّ هَلْ بِفُلَانٍ, (IAar, and so in the CK,) and حَىَّ هَلًا بفلان, (IAar, and so in MS. copies of the K,) and حَىَّ هَلَ بفلان, meaning Hasten thou with such a one: (IAar:) or keep thou to such a one, and call him. (K.) It is said in a trad., إِذَا ذُكِرَ الصَّالِحُونَ فِحَىَّ هَلَ بِعُمَرَ, (S in art. هل,) or فَحَيَّهَلًا بِعُمَرَ, (TA,) i. e. [When the good, or righteous, are mentioned, then] keep thou to 'Omar, and call 'Omar, (S ubi suprà, and TA,) and begin with him, and be quick in mentioning him; (TA;) for he is of such. (S ubi suprà.) Accord. to some of the grammarians, (TA,) when you say حَىَّ هَلًا, with tenween, it is as though you said حَثًّا; and without tenween, it is as though you said الحَثَّ; the tenween being made a sign of indeterminateness; and the omission of it, a sign of determinateness: and so it is in all compounds of this kind. (K.) [See also art. هل.]

حَىٌّ Living, having life, alive, or quick; contr. of مَيِّتٌ [or مَيْتٌ]; (S, Mgh, * Msb, * K;) and ↓ حَيَوَانٌ is syn. with حَىٌّ [as meaning having animal life]: (IB:) dim. of the former ↓ حُيَىٌّ: (Msb:) and pl. أحْيَآءٌ. (Msb, K.) When you say of a person, لَيْسَ بِحَىٍّ, you mean that he is dead: (Lh:) but مِنْهَا ↓ ضُرِبَ ضَرْبَةً لَيْسَ بِحَاىٍ, (Lh, K,) [in the CK ضَرَبَ, and] in [some of] the copies of the K, erroneously, بِحَآءٍ, (TA,) means [He was struck a blow] in consequence of which he will not live: (Lh, K: *) like as the saying لَا تَأْكُلْ كَذَا فَإِنَّكَ مَارِضٌ means Thou wilt be sick if thou eat such a thing. (Lh, K.) Accord. to ISh, one says, أَتَانَا حَىُّ فُلَانٍ, meaning Such a one came to us in his life [-time]: and سَمِعْتُ حَىَّ فُلَانٍ يَقُولُ كَذَا, meaning I heard such a one say thus in his life [-time]: (TA:) [or the former may mean Such a one himself came to us: and the latter, I heard such a one himself say thus: for] حى [i. e. حَىّ as a prefixed noun] is sometimes redundant, like آل and ذُو: (Ham p. 308:) [and] IB says that حَىُّ فُلَانٍ means Such a one himself. (TA.) And they say, أَهْلِكَ ↓ كَيْفَ أَنْتَ وَحَيَّةُ, i. e. How art thou, and those remaining alive of thy family? (TA.) b2: Applied to God, Deathless. (Er-Rághib.) b3: Possessing the faculty of growth, as an animal, and as a plant: (Er-Rághib:) and, applied to a plant, fresh, juicy, or succulent, and growing tall. (TA.) b4: [Sensitively alive;] possessing the faculty of sensation. (Er-Rághib.) b5: (assumed tropical:) [Intellectually alive;] possessing the faculty of intellect. (Er-Rághib.) [Hence,] (assumed tropical:) A Muslim; like as مَيِّتٌ means an unbeliever. (TA.) b6: (assumed tropical:) Lively, as meaning free from grief or sorrow. (Er-Rághib.) b7: (assumed tropical:) Whole, sound, or unbroken. (L and TA in art. صأب.) b8: أَرَضٌ حَيَّةٌ (assumed tropical:) Fruitful land; or land abounding with herbage; (K, TA;) like as ارض مَيْتَةٌ means unfruitful land. (TA.) b9: الشَّمْسُ حَيَّةٌ (assumed tropical:) The sun is, or was, of a clear colour, unaltered by approaching the place of setting; as though its setting were regarded as death: (TA:) or still bright and white: or still hot and powerful: but the former of these two meanings is the more probable. (Mgh.) b10: نَارٌ حَيَّةٌ (assumed tropical:) [A live, or burning, fire. (AHn.) b11: طَرِيقٌ حَىٌّ (assumed tropical:) An apparent, or a distinct, road or way: (K:) pl. أَحْيَآءٌ. (TA.) A2: See also حَيَّةٌ, first sentence.

A3: [A tribe] of the Arabs: (S:) the children, or descendants, of one father or ancestor, whether many or few: and a شَعْب comprising قَبَائِل: (Az, TA:) or a قَبِيلَة of the Arabs: (Msb:) or a بَطْن of the بُطُون of the Arabs: (K, TA:) pl. أَحْيَآءٌ. (S, Msb, K.) A4: The vulva, or external portion of the organs of generation, of a woman. (Az, K. See also حَيَآءٌ, of which حَىٌّ is also said to be a pl.) Hence, سَعَفُ الحَىِّ, applied by an Arab of the desert to The paraphernalia of a bride. (Az, TA.) A5: لَاحَىَّ عَنْهُ means لَامَنْعَ مِنْهُ, (Ks, K, *) i. e. [There is no forbiddance of him; or] nothing is forbidden him. (Fr.) A6: لَا يَعْرِفُ الحَىَّ مِنَ اللَّىِّ He knows not, or will not know, what is true from what is false; (IAar, K, Har p. 236;) and so الحَوَّ من اللَّوِّ: (TA:) or the حَوِيَّة [or winding gut, &c.,] from the twisting of the rope: (K:) or overt speech from covert: or the living from the dead: or the act of turning round, or winding, [see حَوَاهُ, (in art. حوى,) of which حَىٌّ is an inf. n.,] from the act of twisting. (Har ubi suprà.) A7: The act of collecting. (TA. [But in this and some other senses it is an inf. n. of حَوَى: see 1 in art. حوى.]) A8: أَحْيَآءٌ as pl. of حَآءٌ: see art. حوأ.

حِىٌّ: see حَيَاةٌ, of which it is said to be a syn.: and of which it is also said to be a pl.:

A2: and see حَيَآءٌ, of which, also, it is said to be a pl.

حَيَّةٌ [A serpent;] a certain thing well known: (K, TA:) [improperly explained in the Msb as syn. with أَفْعًى:] applied to the male and the female; (S, Msb;) the ة being added to denote one of a kind, as in بَطَّةٌ and دَجَاجَةٌ; [although حَىٌّ is not used as a coll. gen. n.; and] although the saying عَلَى حَيَّةٍ ↓ رَأَيْتُ حَيًّا, as meaning [I saw] a male [serpent] upon a female [serpent], is related as having been heard from the Arabs: (S:) but ↓ حَيُّوتٌ is also applied to the male; (Az, S, K;) the ت being augmentative; for the word is originally حَيُّو [or حَيُّوٌّ]: (Az, TA:) it is said that it does not die unless by an accident: and they say of a long-lived man, مَا هُوَ إِلَّا حَيَّةٌ [He is none other than a serpent]; and in like manner they say of a woman; as though it were called حيّة because of its long life: [for] some, including Sb, say that it is derived from حَيَاةٌ, as the rel. n. is حَيَوِىٌّ, not حَوَوِىٌّ: and to him who objects that one says رَجُلٌ حَوَّآءٌ [meaning “ a man who collects serpents ”], it is replied that حَيَّةٌ and حَوَّآءٌ are of different roots, like لُؤْلُؤٌ and لَأّلٌ, &c.: but it may be from تَحَوَّى, because of its winding, or coiling, itself; and some say that it is originally حَوْيَةٌ; some, that it is originally حَيْوَةٌ: (TA:) [the dim. is ↓ حُيَيَّةٌ:] the pl. is حَيَّاتٌ (K) and حَيْوَاتٌ, (K, TA,) or حَيَوَاتٌ. (So in some copies of the K [agreeably with the dial. of Hudheyl].) Hence the prov. هُوَ أَبْصَرُ مِنْ حَيَّةٍ

[He is more sharp-sighted than a serpent]; because of the sharpness of its sight: and أَظْلَمُ مِنْ حَيَّةٍ [more wrongful in conduct than a serpent]; because it comes to the burrow of the [lizard called] ضَبّ, and eats its young one, and takes up its abode in its burrow. (TA.) and سَقَاهُ اللّٰهُ دَمَ الحَيَّاتِ [May God give him to drink the blood of the serpents]; i. e., (assumed tropical:) destroy him. (TA.) And ↓ لَا تَلِدُ الحَيَّةُ إِلَّا حُيَيَّةً [The serpent does not bring forth anything save a little serpent]: a prov. applied to the cunning and mischievous, or malignant. (TA.) And فُلَانٌ حَيَّةُ الوَادِى, or الأَرْضِ, or البَلَدِ, or الحَمَاطِ, (assumed tropical:) Such a one is cunning and mischievous, or malignant, (IAar, K,) and intelligent, in the utmost degree: (IAar:) [or] فلان حيّة الوادى means (assumed tropical:) such a one is strong in resisting, a defender of his possessions. (TA.) And حَيَّةُ الوَادِى is also an appellation applied to (assumed tropical:) The lion; (K, TA;) because of his cunning, or craftiness. (TA.) One says also, هُمْ حَيَّةُ الأَرْضِ, meaning (assumed tropical:) They are cunning, guileful, malignant, or mischievous, and strong, not neglecting to take blood-revenge: so in a saying of Dhu-l-Isba' El-'Adwánee cited voce عَذِيرٌ. (TA.) And فُلَانٌ حَيَّةٌ ذَكَرٌ (S, TA) (assumed tropical:) Such a one is courageous and strong. (TA.) and رَأْسُهُ رَأْسُ حَيَّةٍ (assumed tropical:) He is clever, or ingenious; acute, or sharp; intelligent. (TA.) And رَأَيْتُ فى كِتَابِهِ حَيَّاتِ وَعَقَارِبَ (assumed tropical:) I saw in his letter slanders, or calumnies, addressed to the ruling power, in order to cause the object thereof to fall into embarrassment from which escape would be difficult. (TA.) b2: الحَيَّةُ is also a name of (assumed tropical:) [The constellation Draco; commonly called التِّنِّينُ;] certain stars [partly] between the فَرْقَدَانِ [or B and y of Ursa Minor] and بَنَاتُ نَعْشٍ [meaning the stars in the tail of Ursa Major]: (K:) so called by way of comparison. (TA.) b3: And حَيَّةٌ also signifies (assumed tropical:) A certain mark made with a hot iron upon the neck, and upon the thigh, of a camel, twisting, or winding, like the حَيَّة [properly so called]. (Ibn-Habeeb, TA.) A2: See also حَىٌّ.

حَيًا Rain; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ حَيَآءٌ: (K:) or much rain: (Har p. 185:) as being the means of giving life to the earth: (TA:) and (assumed tropical:) plenty; or abundance of herbage, (S, K,) and the means of giving life to the earth and to men; as being caused by the rain; and so ↓ حَيَآءٌ: (TA:) or [simply] herbage; because produced by the rain: and fat, and fatness; because produced by the herbage: (Ham p. 662:) dual. حَيَيَانِ: (S:) and pl. أَحْيَآءٌ. (TA.) حَيَا الرَّبِيعِ means The rain [called ربيع, or of the season thus called,] that gives life to the earth. (TA.) A2: See also the next paragraph.

حَيَآءٌ an inf. n. of حَيِىَ in the first of the senses explained in this art. (K.) b2: [Hence,] syn. with حَيًا, in two senses: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places. b3: Also inf. n. of حَيِىَ as syn. with اِسْتَحْيَى; (S, * Mgh, Msb, K;) i. q. اِسْتِحْيَآءٌ; (S;) Shame; a sense of shame; shyness, or bashfulness; [and particularly, but not always, honest shame, or pudency, or modesty;] syn. حِشْمَةٌ; (K;) a shrinking of the soul from foul conduct, (Bd in ii. 24, and Er-Rághib,) through fear of blame; (Bd ibid.;) a languor that affects the animal faculty, (Bd ibid, and Mgh, *) and turns it back from its actions: (Bd:) and repentance; syn. تَوْبَةٌ. (K.) b4: And hence, as being a thing that should be concealed, and of which one is ashamed to speak plainly, (TA,) The vulva, or external portion of the female organs of generation, (فَرْج, El-Fárábee, Msb, K, or رَحِم, [which here means the same,] S,) of a camel, (El-Fárábee, S, Msb, K,) or an animal having feet like those of the camel, and of a cloven-hoofed animal, and of a beast of prey: (K:) accord. to Az, the دُبُر [here meaning the same as فَرْج] of any of these and of other animals: (Msb:) accord. to IAar, it is of the ewe or she-goat, the cow, and the gazelle: (ISd, TA:) and [sometimes] the فَرْج of a girl, (El-Fárábee, Msb,:) or of a woman: (Zj in his “ Khalk el-Insán: ” [see also حَىٌّ:]) and ↓ حَيًا signifies the same; (K;) but accord. to Az, this is not allowable except in poetry, in a case of necessity: (TA:) pl. أَحْيَآءٌ (Az, IJ, K) and أَحْيِيَةٌ (As, Sb, S, K) and, by contraction, أَحِيَّةٌ, (Sb, IB, TA,) which is said to be preferable, (TA,) and [quasi-pl. n.] ↓ حَىٌّ and ↓ حِىٌّ [which two have been mistaken by Freytag for syns. of تَحِيَّةٌ, immediately following them in the K]. (Sb, K.) حَيَاةٌ, or ↓ حَيٰوة, (as in different copies of the K, in the latter manner in copies of the S,) written with و in the Kur, to show that و follows ى in the pl. [حَيَوَاتٌ, like صَلَوَاتٌ], or because the sound of the ا is inclined towards that of و, (ISd, TA,) and ↓ حَيَوْةٌ, with sukoon to the و, (K,) which is substituted for the ا of حَيَاةٌ, as is done by the people of El-Yemen in the case of every ا that is changed from و, as in صَلَاةٌ and زَكَاةٌ, though the final radical letter of the verb of حَيَاةٌ is ى, (TA,) an inf. n. of حَيِىَ in the first of the senses explained in this art.; (IB, Mgh, Msb;) Life; contr. of مَوْتٌ; (S, K;) as also ↓ حَيَوَانٌ and ↓ حِىٌّ, (K,) or this last is asserted to be a pl. of حَيٰوةٌ, (S,) and as also ↓ مَحْيًا, (S, * Har pp. 25 and 350,) of which the pl. is مَحَاىٍ: (S:) حَيَاةٌ signifies the faculty of growth, as in an animal, and in a plant: and the faculty of sensation: and (assumed tropical:) the faculty of intellect: and (assumed tropical:) freedom from grief or sorrow: and everlasting life in the world to come; to which one attains by that حياة which is intelligence and knowledge: and the حياة that is an attribute of God. (Er-Rághib.) يَا لَيْتَنِى قَدَّمْتُ لِحَيَاتِى, in the Kur [lxxxix. 25], means [O, would that I had prepared, or laid up in store,] for my everlasting state of existence. (Er-Rághib.) And ↓ فَإِنَّ الدَّارَ الآخِرَةَ لَهِىَ الحَيَوَانُ, in the Kur [xxix. 64], means [And verily the last abode is] the abode of everlasting life: (TA:) or الحيوان here means the life that will not be followed by death: or much life; like as مَوَتَانٌ signifies much death: (Msb:) and it is also the name of a certain fountain in Paradise, [the water of] which touches nothing but it lives, by permission of God. (TA.) الحَيٰوةُ الطَّيِّبَةُ, accord. to I'Ab, explaining xvi. 99 of the Kur, (TA,) means Lawful means of subsistence (K, TA) in the present world: (TA:) or Paradise. (K, TA.) b2: Also (assumed tropical:) Advantage, or profit; or a cause, or means, thereof: whence the saying, لَيْسَ لِفُلَانٍ حَيَاةٌ There is not, in such a one, profit, nor good: and so it is said to mean in the Kur [ii. 175], وَلَكُمْ فِى القِصَاصِ حَيٰوةٌ (assumed tropical:) [And there is to you, in retaliation, an advantage]: (TA:) or this means that the knowledge of the law of retaliation restrains from slaughter, and so is a cause of life to two persons; and because they used to slay one who was not the slayer, retaliation upon the slayer is a cause of saving the lives of the rest: or the meaning is life in the world to come; for when the slayer has suffered retaliation in the present world, he is not punished for his act in the world to come. (Bd.) b3: حَيَاةُ الشَّمْسِ means (assumed tropical:) The remaining of the light and whiteness of the sun: or the remaining of its heat and power: but the former of these two meanings is the more probable. (Mgh. [See الشَّمْسُ حَيَّةٌ, voce حَىٌّ.]) حَيٰوةٌ and حَيَوْةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

حَيِىٌّ Having حَيَآء [i. e. shame, shyness, bashfulness, pudency, or modesty]; (K;) part. n. of حَيِىَ as syn. with استحيى; of the measure فَعِيلٌ: (Msb:) fem. حَيِيَّةٌ. (TA.) The saying of I'Ab, اَللّٰهُ حَيِىٌّ, means God is one who acts with others in the manner of him who has حَيَآء; for حَيَآء in its proper sense is not ascribable to Him: (Mgh:) or one who leaves undone evil deeds, and does good deeds. (Er-Rághib.) حُيَىٌّ: see حَىٌّ, of which it is the dim.

حُيَيَّةٌ: see حَيَّةٌ, (of which it is the dim.,) in two places.

A2: And dim. of حَآءٌ, q. v. in art. حوأ. (Lth, TA in باب الالف الليّنة.) حَيَوِىٌّ [Of, or relating to, the serpent;] rel. n. of حَيَّةٌ. (S.) A2: [And rel. n. of حَا: see حَائِىٌّ in art. حوأ.]

حَيَوَانٌ an inf. n. of حَيِىَ, like حَيَاةٌ, (IB,) but having an intensive signification: (Msb:) see حَيَاةٌ, in two places. b2: See also حَىٌّ, first sentence. b3: Also Any thing, or things, possessing animal life, (Msb, K, *) whether rational or irrational; [an animal, and animals;] used alike as sing. and pl., because originally an inf. n.; (Msb;) contr. of مَوَتَانٌ [q. v.]. (S.) [حَيَوَانَاتٌ is used as its pl. of pauc. And hence,] الحَيَوَانَاتُ الخَمْسُ [The five animals] is applied to what may be killed by a person in the state of إِحْرَام, and by one engaged in prayer: (Msb in art. فسق:) these are the rat, or mouse, and the biting dog, and either the serpent, the crow termed أَبْقَع, and the kite, or the serpent, the scorpion, and the kite, or the serpent, the scorpion, and the crow, or the scorpion, the crow, and the kite. (Es-Suyootee, in “ El-Jámi' es-Sagheer,” voce خَمْسٌ.) It is originally حَيَيَانٌ; (Sb, K, TA;) the ى which is the final radical letter being changed into و because the occurrence of two ى together is disliked: (Sb, TA:) Aboo-'Othmán [El-Má- zinee] holds the و to be a radical letter; but his opinion is said to be not admissible, because it is asserted that there is no instance in the language of a word of which the medial radical is ى, and the final و. (TA.) حَيَوَانِىٌّ [Of, or relating to, an animal or animals]. b2: It is [also] particularly applied to A seller of birds. (TA.) حَيَوَانِيَّةٌ Animality; or animal nature.]

حَيُّوتٌ: see حَيَّةٌ.

حَاىٍ, of the measure فَاعِلٌ, [said to be] originally حَايِوٌ, is syn. with حَاوٍ and حَوَّآءٌ, belonging to art. حوى [q. v.]. (Az, TA.) أُحَىُّ and أُحَىٌّ and أُحَىٍّ: see art. حو.

أُحَيْوٍ: see art. حو.

أَحْيَى in the saying أَحْيَى مِنْ ضَبٍّ [More longlived than a ضبّ, a kind of lizard, which is supposed to live seven hundred years,] is from الحَيَاةُ. (TA.) b2: In the sayings أَحْيَى مِنْ هَدِىٍّ [More shy, or bashful, than the bride] and أَحْيَى مِنْ مُخَدَّرَةٍ [More shy, or bashful, than a girl kept behind the curtain] it is from الحَيَآءُ. (TA.) تِحْيَاةٌ: see the next paragraph.

التَّحَايِى The two stars in the foot and before the foot of the foremost of Gemini: (Kzw:) or three stars over against الهَنْعَة [which is the Sixth Mansion of the Moon]; (IKt, K;) and sometimes the moon deviates from الهنعة, and makes its abode in التحايى: (IKt:) they are between the Milky Way and the stars that follow العَيُّوق [or Capella]: Aboo-Ziyád El-Kilábee used to say that this name means الهنعة, and is also pronounced التَّحَائِى, withء: but AHn says that the moon makes its abode in these stars, and not in الهنعة itself: (TA:) its sing. is ↓ تِحْيَاةٌ; (IKt, AHn, TA;) if so, of the measure تِفْعَلَةٌ, like تِحْلَبَةٌ, not فِعْلَاةٌ, like عِزْهَاةٌ, because there is no such root as تَحى; derived from الحَيَا, because its نَوْء [here meaning its auroral setting, in midwinter,] is attended with much rain: but التحائى, with ء, is irreg.; as though pl. of ↓ تَحِيَّةٌ likened to a word of the measure فَعِيلَةٌ. (IB.) تَحِيَّةٌ inf. n. of 2. (Mgh, Msb, K.) b2: Also A salutation, or greeting, (A'Obeyd, AHeyth, Mgh, Msb,) pronounced by one person to another on their meeting; (AHeyth;) particularly the saying سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكَ; (Mgh, * Msb;) and the like; (Mgh;) the most comprehensive form thereof, used by the believer [to his fellow-believer], being the saying السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُمْ وَرَحْمَةُ اللّٰهِ وَبَرَكَاتُهُ: (AHeyth:) hence it is pluralized; the pl. being تَحِيَّاتٌ and تَحَايَا. (Mgh.) b3: Also Continuance, or endurance; or endless, or everlasting, existence: (IAar, Msb, K, &c.:) and so it is said to mean in the following verse of Zuheyr Ibn-Jenáb ElKelbee; who was a [kind of] king among his people: قَدْ نِلْتُهُ إِلَّا التَّحِيَّهْ وَلَكُلُّ مَا نَالَ الفَتَى

[And indeed everything that the young man has attained, I have attained it, except endless existence]: or, as some say, it here means security from death and from evils. (TA. [But more probably the meaning is that next following: for in the Mz, 49th نوع, where this verse is cited, but with مِنْ كُلِّ in the place of وَلَكُلُّ, he is said to have been (not a king, but,) “ a nobleman. ” See also, respecting him, p. x. of my Preface.]) and (tropical:) Dominion, or kingship: (Fr, AA, S, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.:) because the people of the Time of Ignorance used to greet kings [or rather those of Himyer] by the saying أَبَيْتَ الَّعْنَ, which they addressed to none other than a king; so that when any one of them became a king, it was said of him, فُلَانٌ نَالَ التَّحِيَّةَ [meaning (tropical:) Such a one has attained the kingship]. (Mgh: in which, and in the S, the foregoing verse is cited as an ex. of this last meaning.) التَّحِيَّاتُ لِلّٰهِ means Endless existence belongs to God: (Lth, Msb, TA:) or dominion, or kingship: (Lth, Yaakoob, S, Msb, TA:) or freedom, or security, from all evils, (Khálid Ibn-Yezeed, AHeyth,) and from all causes of the cessation of existence: (AHeyth:) or endless existence, and security from evils, and dominion, and the like: (Fr:) or the expressions [of praise] that indicate and imply the ascription of dominion and endless existence: (KT:) or salutations and benedictions are Gods, and at his disposal. (Mgh.) [التَّحِيَّاتُ is also a term applied to the following form of words repeated in the ordinary prayers: التَّحِيَّاتُ لِلّٰهِ وَالصَّلَوَاتُ وَالطَّيِّبَاتُ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ يَاأَيُّهَا النَّبِىُّ وَرَحْمَةُ اللّٰهِ وَبَرَكَاتُهُ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْنَا وَعَلَى عِبَادِ اللّٰهِ الصَّالِحِينَ

أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَاهَ إِلَّا اللّٰهُ وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ, or (instead of عبده ورسوله) رَسُولُ اللّٰهِ: see 5 in art. شهد.] b4: The assigning to this word, as used in the Kur iv. 88, the meaning of A gift is a mistake. (Mgh.) A2: See also التَّحَايِى.

مَحْيًا: see حَيَاةٌ. b2: Also A time, and a place, of life. (TA.) مُحْىٍ and مُحْيِيَةٌ, applied to a she-camel, Having living offspring; whose offspring seldom, or never, die. (S.) مُحَيًّا The face (S, K, Ham p. 23) of a man, because it is specified in salutation; [see 2;] (Ham ubi suprá;) a term used only in praise; (Ham p. 640;) i. e. the face altogether: or the حُرّ of the face [i. e. the ball of the cheek; or what appears of the elevated part thereof; or what fronts one, of the face, &c.]. (K.) b2: Of a horse, it is The place where the flesh is separated (حيث انفرق اللحم) beneath the forelock. (Ham p. 23.) And دَائِرَةُ المُحَيَّا, in a horse, [The feather in] the place of separation [of the hair] beneath the forelock, in the upper part of the forehead. (TA.) محَيِّىٌ act. part. n. of 2; fem. مُحَيِّيَةٌ: (S, TA:) for in every noun in which three ىs occur together, [the last of them being the final radical, and ending the word,] if it is not formed from a verb, the final radical letter is elided from it, as in عُطَىٌّ the dim. of عَطَآءٌ, and in أُحَىُّ the dim. of أَحْوَى: but if it is formed from a verb, that letter remains, as in مُحَيِّىٌ from حَيَّى. (S.) أَرْضٌ مَحْيَاةٌ i. q. مَحْوَاةٌ, i. e. A land containing serpents: (Ibn-Es-Sarráj, S:) or abounding with serpents. (TA in art. حوى.) أَبُو يَحْيَى Death. (TA, Har p. 218.)

حوى: حوى على والمصدر منه حِوَايَة: ختلة وخدعه (فوك) وفي محيط المحيط: حويت الرجل.
وحوى: شعبذ، شعوذ (بوشر).
حوَّى وتحوَّى مأخوذتان من حاوٍ (انظر حاو) (فوك) وقد ذكرها في مادة ( Efeminatus) .
حَوَايَة: سحر حلال، سمياء، شعبذة، شعوذة (بوشر).
حِوَايَة: الاسم من ذكرت في معجم فوك في مادة ( Wfeminatus) .
حَوَّاء: حاوٍ: بالمعنى الأول الذي سأذكره لكلمة حاوٍ (باين سميث 1184= مشعبذ ورَقَّاء).
ويقول لين نقلا عن القزويني أن مجموعة النجوم المسماة بالحاوي يسمى أيضاً الحَوَّاء والحُوَيَّة وهذه الكلمة مكتوية هكذا في بعض مخطوطات هذا المؤلف (انظر طبعة وستنفيلد 1: 33، رقم 0) غير أن وستنفيلد طبع والحُيَّة اعتمادا على مخطوطات أخرى (1: 14) وكذلك عند دورن ص49 وفي ألف استر (1: 13): ( Venator serpentum) بالعربية: الحاسة (كذا). والحية (ص41) الحوة، الحية.
حاوٍ: لا يطلق على راقي الحيات وجامعها فقط. بل تطلق على الأحر أيضاً (همبرت ص157) وعلى المشعبذ والمشعوذ.
وحاو ويجمع على حِواً: جماعة البيوت المتدانية من الوبر (فوك، ألكالا).
حاوي العلوم: جامع العلوم، دائرة المعرف (بوشر).
حيّ:
حَيَّا. يقال: حَيَّا بكأس حين يشرب الرجل نخب آخر قائلا له حَيَّاك الله أي أطال حياتك.
ويقال أيضا: حياك الله بكذا إذا شرب نخبه وتمنى له شيئا (عباد 1: 367 - 368).
وحياه بالملك: سلم عليه بالملك، بويع بالملك وبالسلطان.
أحيا: كما يقال أحْيا ليلته في الصلاة. يقول الشاعر مسلم بن الوليد: أحْيَيْت نُجُوم الليل بالقوافي أي صرفت الليل ساهرا أنظم الشعر. وهو يقول أيضا: أحيا البكا ليله أي أسهره البكا ليله (معجم مسلم). تَحَيَّا: أنظر فريتاج. وقد ذكرت في معجم فوك في مادة حيّا.
وتَحَيَّا: انبعث حيّا، قام من الأموات، نُشِر (المعجم اللاتيني - العربي).
استحيا: انبعث حيا، قام من الأموات، نُشِر (ألكالا)؟، عباد 2: 14).
ومن هذا قيل: عيد الاستحياء: عيد القيامة، عيد الفصح (ألكالا).
استحيت منك لكثرة إحسانك إليَّ أخجلني كثرة إحسانك إليَّ (بوشر).
والعامة تقول استحت المرأة أي سترت وجهها عن الرجال (محيط المحيط).
حَيّ. يقال حيّ إذا كان فيه مد وجزر ضد بحر ميت. ففي الإدريسي (كليم 4 قسم 3).
في كلامه عن تورنت: مرسى فيه بحر حي ويقول بعد ذلك: يحيط بها البحر الحيّ والبحيرة.
وحَيُّ زيد أي زيد نفسه وأهل زيد الخ، أنظر المفصل طبعة بروش (ص41 وما بعدها).
الحي والميت: ذكر ألكالا في مادة ( Hay Cuyméit: satiriones yerva) غير أن هذا خطأ أو تصحيف، والصواب: الحَيّ والمَيِّت ( Ophry Ciliata Biv) وهو خصي الكلب وخصي الثعلب بصلة في أصله. وتوجد له بصلة حية وبصلة ميتة. ويقول العرب أن من يأكل البصلة الميتة يصاب بانحلال القوى والعجز عن الجماع. ومن يأكل البصلة الحية يزداد قوة على الجماع. (براكس، مجلة الشرق والجزائر 8: 342).
حي عالم: أبيد، مخلدة (نبات) (بوشر).
وحَيّ: طحلب اشنة، اشنة سمراء، ضريع (ألكالا).
وحّيّ: قرن الغزال، زيتة (براكس مجلة الشرق والجزائر 8: 348).
حَيّة بمعنى دودة (جوليوس) ويقال مثلاً: الحيات في الأمعاء (الجريدة الآسيوية 1853، 1: 347).
حية البحر: انقليس، جري، سلور (همبرت ص70).
حية زرزورية أو حية طيارة: نوع من الحيات انظر نيبور رحلة إلى بلاد العرب (ص167).
حية شمس: عظاية، ضب، سام أبرص (بوشر).
حية الماء: ثعبان الماء، عدار (بوشر).
سمك حية أو سمك حيات: انقليس، جري سلور (بوشر).
حَيَاة. وحياتك: حقا، بلا ريب، بلا شك (بوشر).
وحياة محبَّتِك: قضسماً بحبك ويستعمل هذا القسم للإنكار (بوشر).
وحياة رَأْسِي: سحقا لك (بوشر، ألف ليلة 1: 31).
شَجَر الحياةِ: شجرة اسمها العلمي ( Theeya) وهي عفصية، جنس شجرة من الفصيلة الصنوبرية (بوشر).
ماءُ الحياة: عرق (شراب مسكر) (ألكالا).
وحياة: سمك بحري غير ملح (ألكالا).
حَيَوان: تعني عند أهل تمبكتو كل أنواع المنقولات من الأملاك والعروض منها (بارت 454).
وهذه الكلمة تعني عند أهل الكيمياء معنى خاصاً (المقدمة 3: 199) ويقول دي سلان إنه لا يعرف المعنى المقصود منها. الحيوانات الخمس: يظهر أنها تعني خمسة أنواع من الهوام الدنسة المؤذية المزعجة مثل القمل والبراغيث والبق الخ. أنظرها في مادة فاسق.
حَيَوانِيّ. روح حيواني عند الأطباء، أنظر العبارة في معجم المنصوري في مادة بَطْنُ.
قُوَّة حيوانية: إحساس (فوك) يعني الحاسة والحس (انظر دوكانج).
حُوَيَّن ويجمع على حُوينات: دُوَيبة، وهو تصغير حيوان.
تَحَيْوَن: توحش، اختبل، تبلَّة (هلو).
مَحْيَا. ليلة المَحْيَا: ليلة الحياة وهي عند الشيعة ليلة السابع والعشرين من شهر رجب (ابن بطوطة 1: 417).
محايا: ماء الحياة، عرق (دوماس حياة العرب ص298).
مُسْتَحا: أستحياء، خجل، احتشام (بوشر).
مستحية: حَسَّاسة (نبات) (بوشر).

صور

1 صَارَهُ, aor. ـُ (S, M, K,) inf. n. صَوْرٌ, (M, K,) He made it (a thing, M, K, or, as some say, specially the neck, M) to incline, or lean; (S, M, K;) as also صارهُ, aor. ـِ (S;) and ↓ اصارهُ: (S, M, Msb, K:) or he demolished it threw it down, or pulled it down to the ground; as also ↓ اصارهُ. (K.) One says, of a man, يَصُورْ عُنُقَهُ

إِلَى الشَّىْءِ He inclines his neck to the thing. (Lth.) And صُرْتُ إِلَىَّ الشَّىْءَ, and ↓ أَصَرْتُهُ, I inclined, or bent, the thing to, or towards, me. (El-Ahmar.) And صُرْتُ الغُصْنَ لِأَجْتَنِىَ الثَّمَرَ [I inclined, or bent, the branch, that I might pluck, or gather, the fruit]. (A.) And قُلُوبٌ لَا تَصُورُهَا الأَرْحَامُ (assumed tropical:) [Hearts which the ties of relationship do not incline]. (TA, from a trad.) فَصُرْهُنَّ إِلَيْكَ, in the Kur [ii. 262], means and turn them towards thee; and so فَصِرْهُنَّ: (Akh, S, M:) but the former is the more common reading: this is the meaning commonly known, of each reading: though Lh says that the former means as above, and the latter means cut them, and divide them, in pieces; (M;) and some thus explain the former, making a transposition in the verse, as though the words were thus, فَخُذْ إِلَيْكَ

أَرْبَعَةً مِنَ الطَّّيْرِ فَصُرْهُنَّ. (S.) One says also, صُرْ إِلَىَّ, and صُرْ وَجْهَكَ إِلَىَّ, Turn thou thy face towards me. (Akh, S.) And صَارَ وَجْهَهُ, aor. ـُ (M, K,) and يَصِيرُ, (K,) He turned his face towards a person or thing. (M, K.) And هُوَ يَصُورَ مَعْرُوفَهُ إِلَى النَّاسِ (tropical:) [He turns his beneficence towards men]. (TA.) b2: [Agreeably with a statement cited above, it is said that] صَارَهُ, aor. as above, (S, K,) and so the inf. n., (TA,) signifies also He dissected it; or cut it, or divided it, in pieces. (S, K, TA.) b3: And hence, (TA,) صَارَ الحُكْمَ (assumed tropical:) He (the judge, A, TA) decided the judgment. (S, * A, TA.) b4: [Freytag states, on the authority of the Kitáb el-Addád, that صار, aor. as above, has two contr. significations: He separated, or dispersed: b5: and He collected.] b6: See also 2.

A2: صَارَ also signifies He (a man, M) uttered a cry, or sound. (M, K.) A3: صَوِرَ, (M, A, K,) [aor. ـْ inf. n. صَوَرٌ, (S, M, A,) He, (Lth,) or it, (a thing, M, Msb, K, or a man's neck, M, A, *) inclined, or leaned; (Lth, S, * M, A, K;) as also ↓ انصار: (S, M, Msb, K: *) it bent; or was, or became, crooked. (A.) One says, فِى عُنُقِهِ صَوَرٌ In his neck is an inclining; and a bending, or crookedness. (A.) b2: And صَوَرٌ as an attribute of a man signifies also (tropical:) An inclining, or inclination; (S;) a desiring, or desire. (S, Msb.) 2 صوّر [inf. n. تَصْوِيرٌ,] He formed, fashioned, figured, shaped, sculptured, or pictured, him, or it; (S, M, K;) and ↓ تصوّر signifies the same; (Msb, and Bd in iii. 4;) and so does ↓ صار, accord. to Aboo-'Alec, in the saying, بَنَاهُ وَصَلَّبَ فِيهِ وَصَارَا [Which (referring to a church) he has built, and in which he has made a cross, or crosses, and has made sculptured, or painted, work]. (M.) One says, صَوَّرَهُ اللّٰهُ صُورَةً حَسَنَةً [God formed him a goodly, or beautiful, form]. (S.) b2: See also 5, in two places.4 أَصْوَرَ see 1, in three places.5 تصوّر He, or it, was, or became, formed, fashioned, figured, shaped, sculptured, or pictured. (S, M, K, TA.) b2: And [hence,] تصوّر لِى

[and لِى ↓ صُوِّرَ, like تَخَيَّلَ لِى and خُيِّلَ لِى,] It appeared to my mind, or imagination, (S, Msb,) as an image, or a picture. (Msb.) A2: See also 2. b2: [Hence,] تصوّر شَيْئًا He imagined a thing; imaged it in the mind; as also ↓ صوّرهُ; [like تَخَيَّلَهُ and خَيَّلَهُ;] he imagined, or conceived, the form of the thing. (S.) [تَصَوُّرٌ in logic signifies The forming of an idea; conception, perception, or apprehension; sometimes qualified by the epithet سَاذَجٌ i. e. simple.]

A3: Also He (being pierced with a spear or the like) inclined, to fall: (S:) or he (being struck) fell: (M, K:) or he, or it, fell, or alighted. (TA.) 7 اِنْصَارَ: see صَوِرَ. b2: Also It (a thing) became demolished, and cut, or divided, in pieces: (O:) it (a mountain) became demolished, and fell: (Sgh, TA:) it cracked, and split. (TA.) 8 اصطارهُ He doubled it, or folded it; or he bent it; syn. ثَنَاهُ. (O.) صَارٌ: see صَيِّرٌ, below, in two places.

صَوْرٌ Small palm-trees: (M, K:) or a collection of small palm-trees: (S, M, K:) a word having no proper sing.: (S, M:) [but see صَوْرَةٌ:] pl. صِيرَانٌ: (Sh, M, K:) and other trees: pl. as above. (Sh, TA.) b2: Also The root of a palmtree, (M, K,) or of a palm-trunk. (M.) b3: and The bank, or side, of a river or rivulet. (M, K.) b4: And The side of the neck. (O, * K, * TA. [In the CK, واللِّيتِ is erroneously put for وَاللِّيتُ.]) b5: And The forelock: so in the saying of a rájiz, كَأَنَّ عُرْفًا مَائِلًا مِنْ صَوْرِهِ [As though a mane inclining from his forelock]. (S.) صُورٌ A horn: (S, M:) and a horn in which one blows: (S, M, K:) so in the Kur [vi. 73, &c.], يَوْمَ يُنْفَخُ فِى الصُّورِ [i. e. On the day when the horn shall be blown in]: El-Kelbee says, I know not what is الصور: and it is said to be pl. of صُورَةٌ, like as بُسْرٌ is of بُسْرَةٌ; [or rather a coll. gen. n., of which صُورَةٌ is the n. un.;] i. e., [the phrase means] when the souls shall be blown into the forms of the dead: and El-Hasan read فِى الصُّوَرِ: (S, L, TA:) this is related on the authority of AO; but AHeyth asserts him to have said wrong. (L, TA.) صَوَرٌ inf. n. of صَوِرَ [q. v.]. (M, A.) b2: Also An itching (أُكَالٌ) in the head. (IAar, TA.) [See also صَوْرَةٌ.]

صَارَةٌ The head, (O,) or the upper, or uppermost, part, (K,) of a mountain: (O, K:) and صُؤَيْرَةٌ [with ء] has been heard from the Arabs as its dim. (TA.) A2: See also صِوَارٌ.

صَوْرَةٌ (tropical:) An inclination, or a desire. (TA.) Yousay, أَرَى لَكَ إِلَيْهِ صَوْرَةً (tropical:) I see thee to have a loving inclination to him. (A.) And مَا بِى إِلَيْهَا صَوْرَةٌ (tropical:) I have not any inclination to, or desire for, her. (TA, from a trad.) b2: And An itching, or itch, (حِكَّة,) in the head: (A:) or an affection like حِكَّة in a man's head, occasioning a desire to be loused. (S, M, K.) [See also صَوَرٌ.]

A2: And A palm-tree. (IAar.) [See also صَوْرٌ.]

صُورَةٌ Form, fashion, figure, shape, or semblance; syn. شَكْلٌ, (M, K,) and مِثَالٌ; (Msb;) the external state of a thing; (IAth;) that whereby a thing is sensibly distinguished by men in general, and even by many other animate beings, from other things; as the صورة of a man, and of a horse, and of an ass. (B.) b2: And An effigy; an image, or a statue; a picture; anything that is formed, fashioned, figured, or shaped, after the likeness of any of God's creatures, animate or inanimate: it is said that the maker of an effigy, or image, will be punished on the day of resurrection, and will be commanded to put life into it; and that the angels will not enter a house in which is a صورة. (Mgh.) [See also تَصَاوِيرُ.] b3: [Hence, A mental image; or a resemblance, of any object, formed, or conceived, by the mind; an idea: a meaning of frequent occurrence in philosophical works &c.] b4: And Species; syn. نَوْعٌ. (K.) b5: And The essence of a thing; that by being which a thing is what it is; or the property, or quality, or the aggregate of properties or qualities, whereby a thing is what it is; syn. حَقِيقَةٌ: (IAth:) [specific character;] that whereby a thing is mentally distinguished by particular persons, not by the vulgar, from other things; as the صورة by which a man is specially distinguished, consisting in reason and thought and other distinctive attributes: (B:) a quality, an attribute, a property; or a description, as meaning the aggregate of the qualities or attributes or properties, of a thing; or the state, condition, or case, of a thing; syn. صِفَةٌ: (IAth, Msb, K:) as when you say, صُورَةُ الأَمْرِ كَذَا [The quality, &c., of the thing is of such a kind]: (IAth, Msb:) and صُورَةُ المَسْأَلَةِ كَذَا [The description, statement, or form, of the question is of such a kind]: (Msb:) and so in the saying of the Prophet, أَتَانِى اللَّيْلَةَ رَبِّى فِى

أَحْسَنِ صُورَةٍ [My Lord came to me to-night in a most goodly state]; or صورة may here refer to the Prophet, and may mean external state, or manner of being, or condition. (IAth.) b6: And The mode, or manner, of an action. (IAth.) b7: The pl. is صُوَرٌ (S, M, Msb, K) and صِوَرٌ and صُورٌ; (S, M, K;) the second of which is rare, and by some disallowed. (MF.) b8: The saying of the Prophet خَلَقَ اللّٰهُ آدَمَ عَلَى صُورَتِهِ may mean that God created Adam in the صورة [or form &c.] that He, namely, God, originated and ordained; or in the صورة proper to him, namely, Adam. (M.) b9: صُورَةٌ signifies also The face: so in a trad. cited voce مُحَرَّمٌ; in which it is said that the صورة is pronounced sacred, i. e. that it is not to be slapped: and in another, in which it is said that the Prophet disliked marking the صورة with a hot iron. (TA.) صُوَارٌ: see the next paragraph, in four places.

صِوَارٌ A herd of [wild] bulls or cows; (S, M, Msb, K;) as also ↓ صُوَارٌ and ↓ صِيَارٌ [the latter in the CK written صِيّار] and ↓ صُوَّارٌ [in some copies of the K erroneously written صُوَار, which, as observed in the TA, is a repetition]: (M, K, TA:) pl. of the first (S, M) and second and third (M) صِيرَانٌ. (S, M.) A2: Also A sweet odour; and so ↓ صُوَارٌ. (M, K.) b2: And A vesicle (وِعَآء) of musk; (S, Msb;) as also ↓ صُوَارٌ, (Msb,) and ↓ صِيَارٌ, (S,) and ↓ صَارَةٌ [also] signifies [the same, i. e.] a فَارَة or فَأْرَة of musk: (O, K:) or صِوَارٌ and ↓ صُوَارٌ signify a small quantity of musk: (M, K:) or a piece, or portion, thereof: (M:) and صِوَارٌ signifies also musk [itself]: (TA:) pl. أَصْوِرَةٌ. (M, K.) [Said in the M to be Pers\.]

A3: الصِّوَارَانِ The two corners of the mouth; (O, K;) called by the vulgar الصَّوَّارَيْن, (O, TA,) or الصَّوَارَيْن (O in art. صمغ.) صِيَارٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places.

صُؤَيْرَةٌ [with ء] a dim. of صَارَةٌ [q. v.]. (TA.) صَيِّرٌ Goodly in صُورَة [i. e. form &c.]; (Fr, S, K;) as also ↓ صَارٌ. (TA in art. شور.) One says رَجُلٌ صَيِّرٌ شَيِّرٌ (Fr, S) and شَارٌ ↓ صَارٌ (TA ubi suprà) A man goodly in صورة [or form &c.] and in شَارَة [i. e. appearance or apparel &c.]. (Fr, S.) [See also شَيِّرٌ in art. شور.]

صَوَّارٌ A sparrow (عُصْفُورٌ) that answers when called. (S, M, K. *) صُوَّارٌ: see صِوَارٌ, first sentence.

أَصْوَرُ Inclining: (M, K:) pl. صُورٌ. (M.) One says رَجُلٌ أَصْوَرُ A man having an inclining, or a bending, or crooked, neck. (A.) And هُوَ أَصْوَرُ

إِلَى كَذَا He is inclining his neck and face towards such a thing. (A.) b2: [And hence,] (assumed tropical:) Having an inclination, or a desire, (S, M, Msb,) to, or for, (إِلَى,) a friend, or an object of love. (M.) تَصَاوِيرُ [pl. of تَصْوِيرٌ and تَصْوِيرَةٌ] Effigies, images, or statues; pictures; and the like. (S, Mgh.) [See also صُورَةٌ.]

مُصَوِّرٌ [A sculptor; and a painter, or limner, or the like]. المُصَوِرُ as an epithet of God, The Former, or Fashioner, of all existing things, who hath established them, and given to every one of them a special form and a particular manner of being whereby it is distinguished, with their variety and multitude. (TA.)

حذو

1 حَذَا النَّعْلَ, [aor. ـْ inf. n. حَذْوٌ and حِذَآءٌ, He measured the sandal, or sole, or made it according to a measure; (K;) and cut it (T, K) according to a pattern: (T, TA:) or he made the sandal, or sole, لِى for me. (Mgh.) and حَذَا النَّعْلَ بِالمِثَالِ He cut the sandal, or sole, by the pattern. (Mgh.) And حَذَا النَّعْلَ بِالنَّعْلِ, (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. حَذْوٌ, (S,) He measured the sandal, or sole, by the sandal, or sole; or made it according to the measure thereof; (S, Msb, K;) and cut it according to the pattern and measure thereof: (Msb:) and in like manner, حَذَا القُذَّةَ بِالقُذَّةِ He measured the feather for an arrow by the feather for an arrow; or made it according to the measure thereof. (K.) Hence the prov., (TA,) حَذْوَ القُذَّةِ [meaning (assumed tropical:) With like for like]. (S, TA.) And the saying, جَزَيْتُهُ حَدْوَالنَّعْلِ بِالنَّعْلِ, meaning (assumed tropical:) I requited him [with like for like]. (Har p. 43. [See also Freytag's Arab. Prov. i. 345.]) One says also, هُوَ جَيَّدُ الحِذَآءِ He is good in respect of proportion, or conformation. (TA.) And [in like manner] a beast is said to be حَسَنُ الحِذَآءِ Goodly, or beautiful, in respect of proportion, or conformation. (TA in art. حذى.) b2: [And hence,] حَذَاحَذْوَ زَيْدٍ (assumed tropical:) [He did as Zeyd did;] he did the deed of Zeyd. (K.) And مِثَالَهُ ↓ احتذى, (S, K,) or عَلَى مِثَالِهِ, (T, TA,) (tropical:) He followed, or imitated, his example (T, S, K, TA) in his affair, or case: (TA:) or احتذى بِهِ he followed, or imitated, his example in his affairs: (Msb:) syn. اقتدى. (T, S, Msb, K.) b3: See also 3, in three places. b4: حَذَاهُ نَعْلًا He put on him (namely a man [i. e. on his foot]) a sandal; as also ↓ احذاهُ: (K:) the former is authorized by As, but the latter is disallowed by him: Az explains the former by حمله على نعل [as though meaning he gave him a sandal upon which to walk; like as حَمَلَهُ for حَمَلَهُ عَلَى دَابَّةٍ means “ he gave him a beast upon which to ride ”]: and accord. to J, (TA,) نَعْلًا ↓ أَحْذَيْتُهُ signifies I gave him a sandal. (S, TA.) b5: حَذَا زَيْدًا, (K,) inf. n. حَذْوٌ, (TA,) He gave to Zeyd. (K, TA. [See also 4 in art. حذى.]) b6: حَذَامِنْهُ حِذْوَةً He cut off from it a piece of flesh-meat. (TA.) b7: حَذَا الجِلْدَ, aor. ـْ i. q. قَوَّرَهُ [He cut a piece out of the skin, generally meaning in a round form]. (TA.) b8: حَذَا لسَانَهُ, (K,) aor. as above, inf. n. حَذُوٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) It (wine, or beverage,) bit his tongue; (AHn, K, TA;) a dial. var. of حَذَى, aor. ـْ which is the word well known. (AHn, TA.) A2: حَذَا التُّرَابَ فِى وُجُوهِهِمْ i. q. حَثَاهُ [i. e. He poured with his hand, threw, or cast, the dust in their faces]. (IAth, K.) 3 حَاذَاهُ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) inf. n. مُحَاذَاةٌ (Msb, TA) and حَذَآءٌ, (Msb,) He, (Mgh, Msb,) and it, (Mgh,) was, or became, over against, or opposite to, him, or it; (S, Mgh, TA;) faced, or fronted, him, or it; (TA;) syn. آزَاهُ, (Msb, * K,) and قَابَلَهُ; (TA;) as also ↓ حَذَاهُ, aor. ـْ (Mgh, Msb,) inf. n. حَذْوٌ: (Msb:) [and] the latter, (S,) or each, (Har p. 43,) signifies he sat over against, or opposite to, him, or it. (S, and Har ibid.) رَأْسَهَامِنَ الشَّعَرِ وَلَا يَسْتَرْسِلُ ↓ مَا يَحْذُو means ما يُحَاذِيهِ [i. e. What is against, or opposite to, her head, of the hair, and does not hang down below it]. (Mgh. [See another ex. in an explanation of آخِرَةٌ.]) One also says, أَتَيْتُ أَرْضًا بَقْلُهَا عَلَى أَفْوَاهِ غَنَمِهَا ↓ قَدْ حَذَا I came to a land the herbs of which were opposite to the mouths of its sheep, or goats, not rising beyond them. (Sh, TA.) And بِحِذَآءِ هٰذِهِ الشَّجَرَةِ ↓ تَحَذَّ Be thou over against, or opposite to, this tree. (TA.) b2: حَاذَتْهَا, said of a girl, She matched her, namely, another girl; she was, or became, her match, fellow, or equal; syn. تَارَبَتْهَا. (A and TA in art. ترب.) b3: [Hence مُحَاذَاةٌ signifying A conformity, a mutual resemblance, or a correspondence, with regard to sound, of two words occurring near together; like اِزْدِوَاجٌ &c.: see art. زوج.]4 أَحْذَوَ see 1, in two places. b2: احذاهُ also signifies He gave him a thing. (TA.) [See حِذْوَة: and see 4 in art. حذى.]5 تَحَذَّوَ see 3.6 تَحَاذَا They were, or became, over against, or opposite to, each other; they faced, or fronted, each other. b2: And They matched each other; each of them was, or became, the match, fellow, or equal, of the other.] b3: التَّحَاذِى in selling and buying: see التَّرَاوُضُ. [This, perhaps, may belong to art. حذى.]8 احتذى He wore, or put on, a sandal, or sandals. (S, TA.) Hence the saying, خَيْرُ مَنِ احْتَذَى النِّعَالَ [The best of those who have worn sandals]. (TA.) A rájiz says, كُلَّ الحِذَآءِ يَحْتَذِى الحَافِى الوَقِعْ [The barefooted whose sole is hurt by the rugged ground and stones will put on any sandal: a prov.]. (S. [See Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 317.]) b2: See also 1.10 استحذاهُ He asked him to give him a sandal [or a pair of sandals]. (S, * TA.) حِذَةٌ: see حِذَآءٌ, in three places. b2: You say also, جَآءَ الرَّجُلَانِ حِذَتَيْنِ The two men came together, side by side. (TA.) [See also حِذْيَةٌ, in art. حذى.]

حَذْوٌ [originally an inf. n. of 1, q. v.]: see حِذَآءٌ, in three places.

حُذْوَةَ: see حِذَآء: A2: and see also حُذَاوَةٌ.

حِذْوَةٌ A gift; (K, and Ham p. 596;) as also ↓ حُذَيَّا; (TA;) or حُذْيَا: (Mgh, and Ham ubi suprà:) or a portion that is given of spoil. (S.) [See also حُذْيَا, in art. حذى.] b2: And A piece, (K,) or small piece, (TA,) of flesh-meat: (K, TA:) or a piece of flesh cut lengthwise; or so حِذْيَةٌ, accord. to some. (Mgh.) [See also حِذْيَةٌ, in art. حذى.]

A2: See also حِذَآءٌ, in three places.

حِذَآءٌ A sandal, or sole; syn. نَعْلٌ; (S, Msb, TA;) vulgarly called حذوة: (TA [there written without any syll. signs]:) pl. أَحْذِيَةٌ. (Msb.) b2: (assumed tropical:) The sole of a camel's foot and of the hoof of a horse (S, Msb, TA) or similar beast; (Msb;) as being likened to a نَعْل. (TA.) Hence the saying in a trad., (S, * Msb, * TA,) respecting a stray she-camel, (Msb, TA,) مَعَهَا حِذَاؤُهَا وَسِقَاؤُهَا (S, Msb, TA) (assumed tropical:) With her are her foot, with which she may defend herself from the smaller beasts of prey, and [her stomach, which, by her replenishing it, affords her means of long] endurance of the want of water: (Msb:) [or] it means that she has ability to traverse the land and to go to water. (TA.) b3: (assumed tropical:) A wife; because she is مَوْطُوْءَة, like the نَعْل. (TA.) A2: Also, [originally an inf. n.,] i. q. إِزَآءٌ [The front, as meaning the part, place, or location, that is over against, opposite, facing, fronting, or in front]. (S, K.) One says, جَلَسَ بِحِذَائِهِ [He sat in the place over against, opposite to, facing, or fronting, him; or simply he sat over against, &c.]. (S.) And هُوَ حِذَآءَكَ and ↓ حِذْوَتَكَ and ↓ حِذَتَكَ [in the CK, erroneously, حِذْوَتُكَ and حِذْيُكَ,] and ↓ مُحَاذَاكَ [He, or it, is over against, opposite to, facing, or fronting, thee]; (K;) and ↓ هو حُذَيَّاكَ; i. e. بِإِزَائِكَ. (K in art. حذى.) And دَارِى حِذَآءَ (S) and ↓ حِذْوَةَ داره (S, K) and داره ↓ حُذْوَةَ (S) and داره ↓ حِذَةَ (S, K) and داره ↓ حَذْوَ and داره ↓ حِذْوَةُ and داره ↓ حِذَةُ and داره ↓ حَذْوُ (K) i. e. إِزَآءَهَا [My house is over against, &c., his house]; (K;) and [so] بِحِذَآءِ داره. (Msb.) And ↓ رَفَعَ يَدَيْهِ حَذْوَ

أُذُنَيْهِ and حِذَآءَ اذنيه [He raised his hands over against, or opposite to, not higher than, his ears]: (Mgh, * Msb:) both are correct expressions. (Mgh.) [Hence, عَلَى حِذَآءٍ وَاحِدٍ Corresponding to, or matching, one another; uniformly disposed.]

A3: See also art. حذى.

حُذَاوَةٌ and حِذَاوَةٌ and ↓ حُذْوَةٌ What falls, and is thrown away, of skins, when they are pared and cut: whence the saying in a trad. respecting the bridal furniture of Fátimeh, that one of her two beds was stuffed with حذوة of the makers of sandals. (TA.) حُذَيَّا [perhaps belonging to this art., like as حُدَيَّا and حُجَيَّا belong to arts. حدو and حجو]: see حِذْوَةٌ, and art. حذى: A2: and see also حِذَآءٌ.

حَذَّآءٌ A maker of sandals: whence the prov., مَنْ يَكُ حَذَّآءً تَجُدْ نَعْلَاهُ [He who is a maker of sandals, his pair of sandals is good]. (TA. [Freytag (Arab. Prov. ii. 665) gives it thus: مَنْ يَكُنْ أَبُوهُ حَذَّآءً تَجُدْ نَعْلَاهُ He whose father is a maker of sandals, his pair of sandals is good.]) حَاذٍ A man wearing a sandal [or a pair of sandals]. (TA.) هُوَ مُحَاذَاكَ: see حِذَآءٌ.