حق
الحَقُّ: نَقِيْضُ الباطِلِ، والحَقَّةُ: مِثْلُه، هذه حَقَّتي: أي حَقَّي. وحَقَّ الشَّيْءُ: وَجَبَ، يَحْقُّ ويَحِقُّ، وهو حَقِيْقٌ ومَحْقُوقٌ. وبَلَغَتُ حَقِيْقَةَ الأمْرِ: أي يَقِيْنَ شَأْنِه. والحَقِيْقَةُ: الرّايَةُ. والحُرْمَةُ أيضاً، من قَوْلهم: حامِي الحَقِيقَةِ.
وأَحَقَّ الرَّجُلُ: قال حَقّاً؛ أو ادَّعى حَقّاً فَوَجَبَ له، من قَوْلِه عزَّ وجلَّ: " لِيُحِقَّ الحَقَّ ".
والحاقَّةُ: النَّازِلَةُ التي حَقَّتْ فلا كاذِبَةَ لها. والحِقَاقُ: المُحَاقَّةُ. وحاقَقْتُ الرَّجُلَ: ادَّعَيْتَ أنَّكَ أوْلى بالحقِّ منه. وحَقَقْتُه: غَلَبْتُه على الحَقِّ، وأحْقَقْتُه: مِثْلُه. وقَوْلُ لَبِيْدٍ:
حتَّى تَهَجَّرَ في الرَّواحِ وهاجَها ... طَلَبَ المُعَقَّبِ حَقَّهُ المَظْلُومُ.
مَعْنَاه: حَجَّه وغَلَبَه، من قَوْلهم: حاقَّه فحقَّه. وفي حَديثِ عليٍّ - رضي الله عنه -: " إذا بَلَغَ النِّسَاءُ نَصَّ الحِقاقِ فالعَصَبَةُ أوْلَى بها " يعني: الإدراكَ، وهو أنْ تقولَ: أنا أَحَقُّ، ويقولُونَ: نَحْنُ أَحَقُّ. وَحَقَقْتُ ظَنَّه: مخَفَّفٌ بمعنى التشديد. ويقولونَ: لَحَقُّ لا آتِيْكَ، رَفْعٌ بلا تَنْوينٍ. وإنَّه لَحَقُّ عالِمٍ وحَاقُّ عالِمٍ، لا يُثَنّى ولا يُجْمَعُ. والرَّجُلُ إذا خَصَمَ في صغارِ الأشْياءِ قِيْلَ: هو نَزْرُ الحِقَاقِ. وفي الحَديث: متى تَغْلُوا تَحْتَقُّوا يقولُ كُلُّ واحِدٍ منهم: الحَقُّ في يَدي. وما كانَ يُحَقُّكَ أنْ تَفْعَلَ كذا: أي ما يَحٍقُّ لك. وحَقَقْتُ العُقْدَةَ فانْحَقَّتْ: أي شَدَدْتَها فانْشَدَّتْ. وحَقَقتُ الأمْرَ وأحْقَقْتُه: إذا كُنْتَ منه على يَقينٍ. وحَقَّ اللهُ الأمْرَ. وحَقَّ الأمرَ نَفْسُه. وحُقَقْتُ الرَّجُلَ وأحْقَقْتُه: فَعَلْتَ به ما كانَ يَحْذَرُه. وأحْقَقْتُ الرَّمِيَّةَ: قَتَلْتَها على المَكان. وأحَقَّ القَوْمُ من الربيع: سَمِنُوا. وأحَقَّتِ النَّاقَةُ واسْتَحَقَّتْ: مِثْلُه. والمَحَاقُّ من المال: اللاّتي لم يُنْتَجْنَ في العام الماضي ولم يُحْلَبْنَ. والحِقُّ: الجَذَعُ من الإِبِلِ بِسَنَةٍ يَسْتَحِقُّ الرُّكُوْبَ، والأُنثى حِقَّةٌ لأنَّها تَسْتَحِقُّ الفَحْلَ. وأَحَقَّتِ البَكْرَةُ من الإبلِ إحْقاقاً: صارَتْ حِقَّةً. وبَلَغَتِ النَّاقَةُ حِقَّتَها. وما حَقَّتِ السَّحَابَةُ القُلَّةَ حَتَّى الآنَ: أي ما بَلَغَتْ. واستَحَقَّ الرَّجُلُ مكانَ كذا: أعْجَبَه. والحُقَّةُ من خَشَبٍ: مَعْروفَةٌ. والحَقْحَقَةُ: سَيْرُ الليلِ في أوَّلِهِ. والأحَقُّ من الخَيْلِ: الذي لا يَعْرَقُ. وإذا طَبَّقَ حافِرُ رِجْلَيْه مَوْضِعَ حافِرِ يَدَيْه: فهو أَحَقُّ أيضاً، والاسْمُ الحَقَقُ، وهو عَيْبٌ. ويُقال لِمُلْتَقَى كُلِّ عَظْمَيْنِ من الفَرَس: حُقٌّ، إلاَّ الظَّهْر. ويُقال لِضَبْبٍ من التَّمْرِ: بَنَاتُ الحُقَيْقِ. وقَرَبٌ حَقْحَاقٌ: زادَ على مَرْحَلَةٍ. وكانَ هذا عند حَق لقاحِها: أي عند وُجُوبِه.

حق

1 حَقَّ, aor. ـِ (S, Msb, K, &c.) and حَقُّ, (IDrd, Msb, K,) [the latter irregular,] inf. n. حَقَّةٌ (K, TA) and حَقٌّ (IDrd, TA) and حُقُوقٌ, (TA,) i. q. صَارَ حَقًّا [i. e., accord. to the primary meaning of حَقٌّ, as explained below, on the authority of Er-Rághib, It was, or became, suitable to the requirements of wisdom, justice, right or rightness, truth, or reality or fact; or to the exigencies of the case]: (TA:) it was, or became, just, proper, right, correct, or true; authentic, genuine, sound, valid, substantial, or real; established, or confirmed, as a truth or fact: and necessitated, necessary, requisite, or unavoidable; binding, obligatory, incumbent, or due: syn. وَجَبَ; (T, S, Msb, K, &c.;) and ثَبَتَ: (Msb, TA:) it was, or became, a manifest and an indubitable fact or event; as explained by IDrd in the JM; (TA;) it happened, betided, or befell, surely, without doubt or uncertainty. (K.) It is said in the Kur xxxvi. 6, لَقَدْ حَقَّ القَوْلُ عَلَى أَكْثَرِهِمْ, i. e. The saying, “ I will assuredly fill Hell with genii and men together,” [Kur xi. 120 and xxxii. 13,] (Bd,) or the sentence of punishment, (Jel,) hath become necessitated [as suitable to the requirements of justice, or as being just or right,] to take effect upon the greater number of them; syn. وَجَبَ, (Jel, TA,) and ثَبَتَ. (TA.) And this, namely, ثَبَتَ, is the meaning of the verb in the phrase, حَقَّ عَلَيْكَ القَضَآءُ [The sentence was, or, emphatically, is, necessitated as suitable to the requirements of justice to take effect upon thee; or it was, or is, necessary, just, or right, that the sentence should take effect upon thee]. (TA.) [In like manner,] one says, يَحِقُّ عَلَيْكَ أَنْ تَفْعَلَ كَذَا It is necessary for thee [as suitable to the requirements of wisdom or justice or the like], or incumbent on thee, or just or proper or right for thee, that thou shouldst do such a thing. (TA.) [Thus one says,] الحَقِيقَةُ مَا يَحِقُّ عَلَيْكَ

أَنْ تَحْمِيَهُ [The حقيقة is that which it is necessary for thee &c., or that which it behooveth thee, that thou shouldst defend it, or protect it]. (S, * K.) Accord. to Sh, the Arabs said, حَقَّ عَلَىَّ أَنْ

أَفْعَلَ ذٰلِكَ and حُقَّ: but accord. to Fr, when you say حَقَّ, you say عَلَيْكَ; and when you say حُقَّ, you say لَكَ. (TA.) [Accordingly] one says, حُقَّ لَكَ أَنْ تَفْعَلَ ذَا and حُقِقْتَ أَنْ تَفْعَلَهُ: both mean the same: (Ks, S, K:) [i. e., each has one, or the other, or both, of the meanings next following:] or the former means It was, or, emphatically, is, rendered حّقّ [or suitable to the requirements of wisdom or justice &c.] for thee, or necessary for thee, or incumbent on thee, or just or proper or right for thee, [or it behooved or behooves thee,] that thou shouldst do, or to do, this, or that: and [the latter, or] حُقِقْتَ بِأَنْ تَفْعَلَ, Thou wast, or, emphatically, art, rendered حَقِيق [or adapted, disposed, apt, meet, suited, suitable, fitted, fit, proper, competent, or worthy,] that thou shouldst do, or to do, this, or that]: (A, TA:) and in like manner, حُقَّتْ signifies in the Kur lxxxiv. 2 and 5: (Bd, Jel: *) or حُقِقْتَ بِأَنْ تَفْعَلَ may mean thou wast, or art, known by the testimony of thy circumstances to be حَقِيق

&c. (A, TA.) And مَا كَانَ يَحُقُّكَ أَنْ تَفْعَلَهُ [virtually] means the same as مَا حُقَّ لَكَ [best rendered in this case It did not behoove thee to do it]. (TA.) One says also, حَقَّ أَنْ تَفْعَلَ [It was, or, emphatically, is, necessary &c. that thou shouldst do or to do such a thing]: but they did not say, حَقَقْتَ أَنْ تَفْعَلَ. (Fr, TA.) b2: But حَقَّ عَلَىَّ أَنْ تَفْعَلَ كَذَا means Thy doing so distressed, or hath distressed, or afflicted, me; or, emphatically, distresses, or afflicts, me; like عَزَّ عَلَىَّ. (S and K and TA in art. عز.) And in like manner, حَقَّ أَنَّكَ ذَاهِبٌ [or حَقَّ مَا أَنَّكَ ذَاهِبٌ] means عَزَّ مَا أَنَّكَ ذَاهِبٌ [It is distressing to me that thou art going away]. (TA in art. عز.) And لَحَقَّ مَا is used in the same manner as لَعَزَّ مَا, q. v. (A and TA in art. عز.) You say also, حَقَّتِ الحَاجَةُ Want befell, or betided, or happened, and was severe, or distressing: (Msb, TA:) [which is said to be] from the phrase, حَقَّتِ القِيَامَةُ, aor. ـُ The resurrection included, or shall include, within its sphere [all] the created beings. (Msb.) A2: حَقَّتْ, aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. حِقَّةٌ (S, * Msb, K,) and حِقٌّ, (K,) or, accord. to ISd, it should rather be حَقَاقَةٌ and حُقُوقَةٌ, because حِقَّةٌ is used as an epithet, [as will be seen below,] and the inf. n. in a case like this, by rule, should differ from the epithet, (TA,) She (a camel) became a حِقّ, or حِقَّة; i. e., entered the fourth year: (K:) and ↓ أَحَقَّ, inf. n. إِحْقَاقٌ, he (a camel) became a حِقّ: because, so they say, he is then fit to be laden: (Msb:) and ↓ احقّت she (a young camel) completed three years; (Aboo-Málik, K;) became a حِقَّة; (Ibn-'Abbád, K;) like حَقَّتْ. (TA.) You say, هُوَ حَقٌّ بَيِّنُ الحِقَّةِ [He is a حقّ, bearing evidence of being such]: (S:) and هِىَ حِقٌّ (K) and حِقَّةٌ (Msb, K) بَيِّنَةُ الحِقَّةِ [she is a حقّ or حقّة, bearing evidence &c.]: (Msb:) [a phrase] to which a parallel is scarcely known, (Msb,) or to which there is no parallel (K) except أَسَدٌ بَيِّنُ الأَسَدِ [a lion bearing evidence of being like a lion in boldness]. (TA.) b2: حِقٌّ [as inf. n. of حَقَّتْ] also signifies A she-camel's overpassing the days [corresponding to those] in which she was covered [in the preceding year]: (K:) or her completing [the time of] her pregnancy; as also ↓ اِسْتِحْقَاقٌ. (TA.) b3: And حَقَّتْ and ↓ احقّت and ↓ استحقّت She (a camel) became fat. (TA. [See also 8, last signification.]) A3: حَقَّهُ, (K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. حَقٌّ, (TA,) He, or it, rendered it [suitable to the requirements of wisdom, justice, rightness, truth, or reality or fact; or to the exigencies of the case; (see the first of the significations in this art.;) or] necessary, requisite, or unavoidable; binding, obligatory, incumbent, or due; or just, proper, or right; syn. أَوْجَبَهُ; (K;) [whence حُقَّ لَكَ أَنْ تَفْعَلَ ذَا, explained above;] as also ↓ حقّقهُ (K) and ↓ احقّهُ; (S, K;) which last some explain by صَيَّرَهُ حَقًّا [meaning as above; or he rendered it true;] or صيّره حقًّا لَا شَكَّ فِيهِ [he rendered it true, so that there was no doubt respecting it]; as also حَقَّهُ, inf. n. حَقٌّ: and حَقَّهُ signifies also he established it so that it became true and undoubted in his estimation: (TA:) or حَقَّهُ signifies, (S, Msb,) or signifies also, (K,) he assured, or certified, himself of it; he ascertained it; he was, or became, sure, or certain, of it; (A 'Obeyd, S, Msb, * K; *) and so ↓ تحقّقه (A 'Obeyd, S, K) and ↓ احقّهُ: (S, Msb: *) or he pronounced it, or held or believed it, to be established as a necessary truth or fact; as also ↓ احقّهُ: and ↓ حقّقهُ has a similar, but intensive, signification: (Msb:) or ↓ احقّهُ signifies he established it as true; or he judged, or decided, it to be so: (TA: [contr. of أَبْطَلَهُ: see an ex., from the Kur viii., voce أَبْطَلَ:]) and ↓ حقّقهُ, inf. n. تَحْقِيقٌ, signifies صَدَّقَهُ [as meaning he verified it, or proved it to be true or veritable; or he found it to be true or veritable; both of which significations are of very frequent occurrence]; (S, K;) as also حَقَّهُ, inf. n. حَقٌّ: and accord. to IDrd, ↓ حقّقهُ signifies [also] صَدَّقَ قَائِلَهُ [he proved, or found, or pronounced, the sayer of it to be ture]: and حقّق is also said to signify he said, “This thing is the truth; ” like صَدَّقَ. (TA.) You say, حَقَقْتُ عَلَيْهِ القَضَآءَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. حَقٌّ, I necessitated the sentence [as suitable to the requirements of justice] to take effect upon him; or necessitated [as suitable &c.] the taking effect of the sentence upon him; syn. أَوْجَبْتُهُ; as also ↓ أَحْقَقْتُهُ, inf. n. إِحْقَاقٌ. (TA.) And ↓ أُحِقَّ عَلَيْكَ القَضَآءُ The sentence was, or, emphatically, is, necessitated [as suitable to the requirements of justice] to take effect upon thee; syn. أُثْبِتَ. (TA.) And حَقَقْتُ حَذَرَهُ, (S, K,) or حِذْرَهُ, (so in one copy of the S,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (S,) [I rendered his caution, or fear, necessary; or justified it; meaning] I did that of which he was cautious, or that which he feared; (S, K;) as also حذره ↓ أَحْقَقْتُ: (S:) or, accord. to Az, the latter only is right. (TA.) And حَقَقْتُ ظَنَّهُ; (Ks, TA;) and ↓ حَقَّقْتُهُ, (Ks, S, TA,) inf. n. تَحْقِيقٌ: (S:) both signify the same; (Ks, TA;) i. e. صَدَّقْتُ; (S;) which means I found his opinion to be true; (Ksh and Bd and Jel, in xxxiv. 19;) or proved it to be true: (Ksh, ibid.:) and so قَوْلَهُ his saying: (S:) and تَحْقِيقٌ signifies [also] the strengthening, or confirming, a saying; or making it strong, or firm. (KL.) And أَنَا

أَحَقُّ لَكُمْ هٰذَا الخَبَرَ I will know, or ascertain, the truth, or real nature, of this piece of news or information, for you. (TA.) And أَظُنُّهُ وَ لَا

أَحُقُّهُ [I think it, but I do not know the truth of it, or am not certain of it]. (T in art. إِيَّا; &c.) And حَقَقْتُ العُقْدَةَ, [written in the TA without any syll. signs, so that it may be either thus or ↓ حَقَّقْتُهُ; but it is most probably the former, as the quasi-pass. is not تحقّقت, but انحقّت: it signifies lit. I made the knot right, or sure; meaning] (tropical:) I tied, or made fast, or tightened, the knot; (Ibn-'Abbád, TA;) or I tied, or tightened, firmly the knot. (A, TA.) b2: [He, or it, rendered him حَقِيق, i. e. adapted, disposed, apt, meet, suited, suitable, fitted, fit, proper, or worthy, to do a thing &c.; whence حُقِقْتَ أَنْ تَفْعَلَهُ, or بِأَنْ تَفْعَلَ, explained above. b3: It was necessary for him, or incumbent on him, or just or proper or right for him, or it behooved him, to do a thing &c.; whence مَا كَانَ يَحُقُّكَ أَنْ تَفْعَلَهُ, explained above.] b4: Also, (S, K,) aor. ـُ (K,) inf. n. حَقٌّ, (TA,) He overcame him in disputing, or contending, for a right, or due; (S, K, * TA;) and so ↓ احقّهُ, (K,) inf. n. إِحْقَاقٌ, mentioned by Az on the authority of Ks, but, he adds, disallowed by A 'Obeyd. (TA.) See 3. b5: Also He (a man) came to him, namely, another man; (A 'Obeyd, S, K;) and so ↓ احقّهُ. (A 'Obeyd, S.) [Hence, app.,] حَقَّتْنِى الشَّمْسُ The sun reached me. (TA.) And لَا يحقُّ مَا فِى هٰذَا الوِعَآءِ رِطْلًا [app. يَحُقُّ] What is in this receptacle [does not reach, or amount, to a pound; i. e.,] does not weigh a pound. (TA.) A4: حَقَّ الطَّرِيقَ, (K,) aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. حَقٌّ, (TK,) He went upon the حَاقّ of the road; (K;) i. e. the middle of it: the doing of which is forbidden, in a trad., to women. (TA.) And حَقَّ فُلَانًا, (K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) He beat, or struck, such a one in, or upon, the حاقّ of his head; (K;) i. e. the middle of it: (TA:) or in, or upon, the حُقّ of his كَتِف; i. e. the small hollow upon the head of his shoulder-blade: (K:) or, as some say, the head of the upper arm, in which is the وَابِلَة. (TA.) 2 حقّقهُ, inf. n. تَحْقِيقٌ: see حَقَّهُ, above, in six places. [Hence تَحْقِيقُ الهَمْزَةِ The uttering of the hemzeh with its ture, or proper, sound; opposed to تَخْفِيفُهَا. Hence also] صَبَغْتُ الثَّوْبَ صَبْغًا تَحْقِيقًا I dyed the garment, or piece of cloth, with a saturating dyeing. (TA.) And تَحْقِيقٌ signifies also The weaving a garment, or piece of cloth, strongly, or firmly. (KL.) A2: حقّق فِى أَمْرِهِ He was serious, or in earnest, in his affair; contr. of هَزَلَ. (L in art. جد.) 3 حاقّهُ, (S, K,) inf. n. حِقَاقٌ and مُحَاقَّةٌ, (TA,) He disputed, litigated, or contended, with him, (S, K,) each of them laying claim to a right, or due: (S, TA:) the verb is mostly used in the third person. (TA.) You say, حَاقَّنِى وَ لَمْ يُحَاقَّنِى

فِيهِ أَحَدٌ [He disputed, &c., with me, and no one had disputed, &c., with me respecting it]. (TA.) [But] you say also, ↓ حَاقَقْتُهُ فَحَقَقْتُهُ I disputed, litigated, or contended, with him for a right, or due, and I overcame him in doing so. (TA.) And إِنَّهُ لَنَزِقُ الحِقَاقِ (tropical:) Verily he is one who disputes, or litigates, or contends, respecting small things. (S, K, TA.) And مَا لَهُ فِيهِ حَقٌّ وَ لَا حِقَاقٌ, i. e. [He has no right, or due, to exact, in respect of him, or it, nor any cause of] disputing, or litigating, or contending. (S.) And it is said respecting women, (K,) in a trad. of 'Alee, (TA,) إِذَا بَلَغْنَ نَصَّ الحِقَاقِ فَالعَصَبَةُ أَوْلَى, or الحَقَائِقِ: (K:) accord. to some, الحقاق here means the same as المُحَاقَّة: accord. to others, it properly signifies the camels thus called: and so الحقائق; this [likewise] being a pl. of ↓ حِقَّةٌ; or it is pl. of ↓ حَقِيقَةٌ. (TA. [See art. نص; in which this trad. is more fully, but somewhat differently, cited; and fully explained.]) A2: [Also, app., He acted seriously, or in earnest, with him in an affair: see 3 in art. جد: and see also 2 above, last signification.]4 احقّ, [inf. n. إِحْقَاقٌ,] He spoke truth; said what was true: [very common in this sense; contr. of أَبْطَلَ:] or he revealed, or manifested, or showed, a truth, or a right or due: or he laid claim to a right, (or to a thing, TA) and it was, or became, due to him. (Msb.) A2: See also حَقَّ, as an intrans. verb, in three places; relating to camels. b2: احقّ القَوْمُ The people's cattle became fat. (TA.) And احقّ القَوْمُ مِنَ الرَّبِيعِ The people's cattle became fat by means of the [herbage called] ربيع. (AHn, * ISd, TA.) A3: As a trans. verb: see حَقَّهُ, in nine places. You say also, أَحْقَقْتُ الأَمْرَ, inf. n. as above, (tropical:) I did, performed, or executed, the affair in a firm, solid, sound, or good, manner; or put it into a firm, solid, sound, or good, state. (TA.) b2: رَمَى فَأَحَقَّ الرَّمِيَّةَ (tropical:) He cast, or shot, and killed on the spot the animal at which he cast, or shot. (Ibn-'Abbád, Z, K, * TA.) b3: أَحَقَّتْ إِبِلُنَا رَبِيعًا and ↓ استحقّت ربيعا (assumed tropical:) Our camels found [herbage such as is termed] ربيع full-grown, and pastured upon it. (TA.) 5 تحقّق [It was, or became, or proved to be, a truth, a reality, or a fact.] [Hence,] تحقّق عِنْدَهُ الخَبَرُ The information was, or proved, true, right, correct, or valid, in his estimation. (S, K. *) A2: تحقّقهُ: see حَقَّهُ.6 تَحَاقٌّ is syn. with تَخَاصُمٌ; and ↓ اِحْتِقَاقٌ, with اِخْتِصَامٌ; [The disputing, litigating, or contending, together;] (S, K;) [for] تَخَاصَمُوا and اِخْتَصَمُوا signify the same; (K in art. خصم;) [or rather] the meaning of [تحاقّ and] ↓ احتقاق is [the disputing, &c., together for a right, or due;] each one's, or every one's, saying, “The right is mine,” and “ with me; ” or demanding his right, or due. (TA.) One says, تَحَاقٌّوا [They disputed, &c., together for a right, or due]. (TK.) And ↓ اِحْتَقَّا They two disputed, &c., (K, TA,) each of them demanding his right, or due. (TA.) And فُلَانٌ وَ فُلَانٌ ↓ احتقّ [Such a one and such a one disputed, &c., together for a right, or due]. (S.) One does not say of a single person [تحاقّ nor] ↓ احتقّ; like as one does not say of one only [تخاصم nor] اختصم. (S.) 7 اِنْحَقَّتِ العُقْدَةُ (tropical:) The knot became tied, or made fast, or tightened. (Ibn-' Abbád, K, TA.) 8 إِحْتَقَ3َ see 6, throughout.

A2: اِحْتَقَّتْ بِهِ الطَّعْنَةُ (assumed tropical:) The thrust, or piercing, killed him: (AA, K:) or (tropical:) went right, or directly, into him: (As, TA:) or (assumed tropical:) penetrated into his belly, or inside: (L, TA:) or hit, or struck, the socket, or turning-place, of his hip, which is termed its حُقّ. (K, * TA.) One says, رَمَى فُلَانٌ الصَّيْدَ فَاحْتَقَّ بَعْضًا وَ شَرَّمَ بَعْضًا (assumed tropical:) Such a one shot, or cast, at the objects of the chase, and killed some, and wounded some so that they escaped: (S:) or pierced into the bellies, or insides, of some, and wounded the skin of some without so piercing. (L.) A3: احتقّهُ إِلَى كَذَا He kept him, or held him, back, or retarded him, [until such a time, or such an event,] and straitened him. (TA.) A4: احتقّ الفَرَسُ The horse became lean, or light of flesh; or slender, and lean; or lean, and lank in the belly. (S, K, TA.) b2: and احتقّ المَالُ The cattle became fat: (K: [see also the last meaning of 1 as an intrans. verb:]) but in the A and O and L, احتقّ القَوْمُ the people's cattle became fat, and their fatness ended, or attained the extreme point. (TA.) 10 استحقّهُ He demanded it as his right, or due. (TA.) [And hence,] He had a right, or just title or claim, to it; he was, or became, entitled to it; he deserved it, or merited it; syn. اِسْتَوْجَبَهُ: (S, Msb, K:) or these two verbs are nearly the same; (TA;) [the former meaning he was, or became, adapted, disposed, apt, meet, suited, suitable, fitted, fit, competent, or proper, for it; which is the most proper meaning of the phrase صَارَ حَقِيقًا بِهِ, as well as of the verb استحقّ; but this verb has also the former of these two meanings.] When a man purchases a house, and another lays claim to it, and establishes a just evidence of his claim, and the judge decides for him according to his evidence, one says of him, قَدِ اسْتَحَقَّهَا عَلَى المُشْتَرِى [He has a right to it in preference to the purchaser]; meaning that he is to possess it in preference to the purchaser. (TA.) And of a camel such as is termed حِقّ one says, استحقّ أَنْ يُرْكَبَ [He was, or has become, fit to be ridden], (K,) and أَنْ يُحْمَلَ عَلَيْهِ [to be laden]: (S, Msb:) and استحقّ الضِّرَابَ [He was, or has become, fit for covering]. (L, K.) b2: [Hence, It (an action, and anything,) deserved it, merited it, or required it.] And استحقّ إِثْمًا He did what necessitated sin; (Ksh and Bd and Jel in v. 106;) [was guilty of a sin;] and deserved its being said of him that he was a sinner; (Ksh ibid.;) i. q. اِسْتَوْجَبَهُ. (TA.) And استحقّوا They committed sins for which he who should punish them would be excusable, because they deserved punishment; like أَوْجَبُوا, and أَعْذَرُوا, and اِسْتَلَاطُوا. (IAar, TA in art. لوط.) b3: استحقّت

إِبِلُنَا رَبِيعًا: see 4, last sentence. b4: استحقّت النَّاقَةُ لَقَاحًا The she-camel conceived, or became pregnant; and استحقّ لَقَاحُهَا [signifies the same]. (TA.) b5: See also 1, as an intrans. verb, last two sentences. R. Q. 1 حَقْحَقَ, inf. n. حَقْحَقَةٌ, He went the pace, or in the manner, termed حَقْحَقَةٌ; (TA;) which means a pace, or manner of going, in which the beast is made to exert himself to the very utmost, and which is the most fatiguing to the ظَهْر [meaning the camel that is ridden, or the beast that carries one]: (S, Mgh, K:) or a journeying in the beginning, or first part, of the night; (Lth, S, K;) which is forbidden: (Lth, S, TA:) or, as some say, the fatiguing a while, and abstaining a while: (Lth, TA:) but Az says that Lth is not correct in either of his explanations of this word: (TA:) or an obstinate persisting in journeying: or an obstinate persisting in journeying until the camel that one is riding perishes or breaks down: (K:) or, accord. to Az, the correct meaning, confirmed by what the Arabs said, is the making the camel to go on, and urging him to that which fatigues him, and that which is beyond his power, until he breaks down with his rider: or, accord. to IAar, the jading of the weak [beast] by hard journeying. (TA.) It is related in a trad., that Mutarrif Ibn-Esh-Shikhkheer said to his son, when he took extraordinary pains in religious exercises, (S, TA,) and was immoderate therein, (TA,) خَيْرُ الأُمُورِ أَوْسَاطُهَا وَ الحَسَنَةُ بَيْنَ الشَّيْئَيْنِ وَ شَرُّ السَّيْرِ [The best of affairs, or actions, or cases, are such of them as are between two extremes; and the good action is between the two things; and the worst kind of journeying is that in which the beast is made to exert himself to the very utmost, &c.]: (S, TA:) meaning, pursue thou the middle course in religious exercises, and burden not thyself, lest thou become disgusted; for the best of works is that which is continued, though it be small. (TA.) حَقٌّ contr. of بَاطِلٌ [used as a subst. and as an epithet or act. part. n.]: (S, Msb, K:) or, as an inf. n. [and used as a simple subst.], contr. of بُطْلَانٌ; and as an act. part. n., and a simple epithet, contr. of بَاطِلٌ. (Kull.) [As a subst.,] its primary signification is Suitableness to the requirements of wisdom, justice, right, or rightness, truth, reality, or fact; or to the exigencies of the case; as the suitableness of the foot of a door in respect of its socket, for turning round rightly: (Er-Rághib, TA:) [and particularly] the suitableness of a judgment, and of what involves, or implies, a judgment, [i. e., of a saying, and a religion, and a persuasion, or the like, (as will be shown by one of the explanations of its meanings as an epithet,)] to reality or fact; and the suitableness of reality or fact to a judgment: (Kull:) [the state, or quality, or property, of being just, proper, right, correct, or true; justness, propriety, rightness, correctness, or truth; reality, or fact; the state, &c., of being established, or confirmed, as a truth or fact; of being necessary, requisite, or unavoidable; of being binding, obligatory, incumbent, or due: (as shown above: see 1, first sentence:)] and existence in relation to substances, absolutely: and everlasting existence [in relation to God]: (Kull:) pl. حُقُوقٌ and حِقَاقٌ: it has no pl. of pauc. (TA.) As an act. part. n. and a simple epithet, it is applied to a judgment [as meaning] suitable to reality or fact; and to a saying, and a religion, and a persuasion, considered as involving, or implying, such a judgment: (Kull:) to that which is suitable to the requirements of wisdom, justice, right, or rightness; as when one says that every act of God is حَقّ: to a belief, in a thing, suitable to the reality of the case; as when one says that belief in the resurrection is حَقّ: and to an action, and a saying, accordant to what is requisite or obligatory, in quality and measure and time; as when one says that the action of another is حَقّ, and that his saying is حَقّ: (Er-Rághib, TA:) [thus it signifies just, proper, right, correct, or true; authentic, genuine, sound, valid, substantial, or real; established, or confirmed, as a truth or fact: and necessary, requisite, or unavoidable: and binding, obligatory, incumbent, or due:] also the necessarily-existing by his own essence [applied to God; as an epithet of Whom it has other meanings assigned to it by some, as will be seen below]: and anything existing, of an objective kind: (Kull:) existing as an established fact, or truth, (K, TA,) so as to be undeniable. (TA.) In the saying, هٰذَا عَبْدُ اللّٰهِ الحَقَّ لَا البَاطِلَ [This is 'Abd-Allah, truly; not falsely], the article ال is prefixed as it is in the phrase, أَرْسَلَهَا العِرَاكَ; but sometimes it is dropped, so that one says حَقًّا لَا بَاطِلًا. (Sb, TA.) And in the phrase, لَحَقُّ لَا آتِيكَ, a form of oath, the nom. case is used without tenween; but when the ل is dropped, one says, حَقًّا لَا آتِيكَ: (S, TA:) [the latter means Truly I will not come to thee: the former seems to be best explained by what here follows:] accord. to the A, لَحَقُّ لَا أَفْعَلُ is originally لَحَقُّ اللّٰهِ لَا أَفْعَلُ [The truth, or existence, of God is that by which I swear, I will not do such a thing]; the affixed noun [اللّٰه] being suppressed, and meant to be understood. (TA.) الحَقُّ بِيَدِى [The right is mine] and الحَقُّ مَعِى

[The right is with me and الحَقُّ عَلَيْكَ The right is against thee, which last is often used as meaning thou art in fault, or in the wrong,] are said by one disputing, or contending, for a thing. (TA.) [And in like manner one says الحَقُّ بِيَدِكَ and مَعَكَ as meaning Thou art in the right, and الحَقُّ عَلَىَّ as meaning I am in the wrong.] One says also, كَانَ ذٰلِكَ عِنْدَ حَقِّ لَقَاحِهَا, and لَقَاحِهَا ↓ حِقِّ (tropical:) That was on the occasion of the establishment of the fact of her conception, or pregnancy. (S, A, K, * TA.) And هٰذَا العَالِمُ حَقَّ العَالِمِ, [like هٰذَا العَالِمُ جِدَّ العَالِمِ,] This is the learned man, the extremely learned man. (Sb, TA.) And حَقُّ عَلِيمٍ meansVery [or extremely] knowing. (Ham p. 139.) [Respecting the expressions الحَقُّ اليَقِينُ and حَقُّ اليَقِينِ, see art. يقن.] b2: [From the primary and general signification, explained in the first sentence of this paragraph, are deduced several particular meanings here following.] b3: Equity, or justice. (K.) b4: [The right mode, or manner, of acting or being.] b5: Veracity (K) in discourse. (TA.) b6: Prudence. (K, TA.) b7: [A right, or due, of any kind: a just claim: a desert, or thing deserved: anything that is owed; as a fee, hire, or pay, and a price: a duty; an obligation:] the sing. of حُقُوقٌ. (S, K.) [You say, هٰذَا حَقِّى

This is my right, or due, &c. And هٰذَا حَقٌّ لِى

This is a right, or due, belonging to me; or a thing due, or owed, to me: or this is a duty to me. And هٰذَا حَقٌّ عَلَىَّ This is a right, or due, the rendering of which is binding, obligatory, or incumbent, on me: or this is my duty. and hence, حَقُّ الطَّرِيقِ The duty that relates to the road: see art. طرق.] ↓ حَقَّةٌ is a more particular, or peculiar, or special, term. (S, K.) You say, ↓ هٰذِهِ حَقَّتِى [This is my particular, or peculiar, or special, right or due &c.: but it is explained as] meaning حَقِّى. (S.) And ↓ هٰذِهِ حِقَّتِى This is my just, or necessary, or incumbent, right or due &c. (K.) b8: A share, or portion; as in the saying, أَعْطِ كُلَّ ذِى حَقٍّ حَقَّهُ Give thou to every one to whom belongs a share, or portion, his share, or portion, that is appointed, or assigned, to him. (TA.) b9: Property: a possession. (K.) b10: [An appertenance. Hence the pl.] حُقُوقٌ signifies The مَرَافِق [or appertenances, or conveniences, such as the privy and the kitchen and the like,] of a house. (Msb, TA.) b11: [A necessary, or requisite, thing.]

b12: A thing, or an event, that is decreed, or destined. (K, TA.) It is said to have this meaning in the Kur [xv. 8], in the words, مَا نُنَزِّلُ المَلَائِكَةَ

إِلَّا بِالحَقِّ [We send not down the angels save with that which is decreed, or destined]: (TA:) or, as some say, it means here revelation: (Ksh, Bd:) or punishment. (Ksh, Bd, Jel.) b13: [And hence,] Death. (K.) So accord. to some in the Kur [1. 18], where it is said, وَ جَآءَتْ سَكْرَةُ المَوْتِ بِالحَقِّ [And the confusion of the intellect by reason of the agony of death shall come with death: but other and obvious meanings are assigned to it in this instance]. (TA.) b14: [As an epithet,] الحَقُّ is one of the names of God: or one of the epithets applied to Him: (K:) meaning the Really-existing; whose existence and divinity are proved to be true: (IAth, TA:) or the Creator according to the requirements of wisdom, justice, right, or rightness. (Er-Rághib, TA.) b15: It is also applied to The Kur-án. (K.) b16: And to [The religion of] El-Islám. (K.) A2: See also حَقِيقٌ, in two places.

A3: And see حَاقٌّ, in two places.

حُقٌّ: see حُقَّةٌ. b2: Also The breast, or mamma, of an old woman. (TA.) b3: A tuber of a truffle. (TA.) b4: The small hollow upon the head of the shoulder-blade: (K:) or, as some say, the حُقّ of the shoulder-blade is the head of the upper arm, in which is the وَابِلَة: (TA:) or this latter is another signification of حُقّ. (K.) b5: The head, (K,) or lower part of the head, (TA,) of the hip, in which is the thigh-bone; (K, TA;) the socket, or turning-place, of the hip. (TA.) b6: The socket, or turning-place, of the foot of a door. (TA.) You say, لَقِيتُهُ عِنْدَ حُقِّ بَابِ المَسْجِدِ, meaning I met him, or found him, near to the mosque: and المَسْجِدِ ↓ لَقِيتُهُ مِنْ حَاقِّ [app. means the same]. (TA.) b7: See also حَاقٌّ, in two places. b8: Also The web of a spider. (Az, K.) حِقٌّ A camel three years old, (S, Mgh,) that has entered the fourth year: (S, Mgh, Msb:) or a camel entering the fourth year: (K:) so called because fit to be laden (S, Msb) and made use of; (S;) or because fit to be ridden; or because fit for covering: (K:) the female is termed ↓ حِقَّةٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) and حِقٌّ also: (S, K:) the pl. (of حِقٌّ, Msb) is حِقَاقٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and (of حِقَّةٌ, Msb) حِقَقٌ, (Msb, K,) and the pl. pl., (K,) i. e. pl. of حِقَاقٌ, (S,) is حُقُقٌ, (S, K,) and sometimes حَقَائِقُ, (S, TA,) or this is a pl. of حِقَّةٌ. (TA: see 3.) Or [so in the K, but it should rather be “ and,”] حِقٌّ signifies A she-camel whose teeth have fallen out by reason of extreme age. (K.) b2: One says, رَأَيْتَهَا وَ هِىَ حِقَّةٌ as meaning (assumed tropical:) [I saw her when she was] like a she-camel termed حقّة in bigness. (TA.) b3: And [the pl.] حِقَاقٌ is applied to The young ones of trees: (TA:) and particularly of the [species of mimosa termed]

عُرْفُط: (K, TA:) as being likened to the camels termed حقاق. (TA.) A2: Also (tropical:) The time of year in which a she-camel was covered in the preceding year; (S, TA;) and so ↓ حِقَّةٌ: (TA:) or the usual period of her gestation. (L in art. نضج.) You say, أَتَتِ النَّاقَةُ عَلَى حِقِّهَا (tropical:) The she-camel arrived at the time of year in which she had been covered in the preceding year: (S, TA:) and ↓ اتت على حِقَّتِهَا signifies the same; or she completed her period of gestation, and overpassed by some days the time of year in which she had been covered in the preceding year, to complete the formation of the fœtus. (TA.) And جَازَتِ الحِقَّ She (a camel) overpassed the year without bringing forth. (As, S.) [See also the last sentence but one in the explanations of 1 as an intrans. verb.] b2: كَانَ ذٰلِكَ عِنْدَ حِقِّ لَقَاحِهَا: see حَقٌّ حَقَّةٌ: see حَقٌّ, in two places: b2: and حَقِيقَةٌ, also in two places: b3: and حَاقَّةٌ.

حُقَّةٌ A receptacle of wood, (K, TA,) or of ivory, or of some other material proper to be cut, or shaped out; (TA;) a receptacle for perfume; (Har p. 518;) [generally a small round box, used for unguents and perfumes &c.; and applied also to a small cocoa-nut used as a box for snuff &c.;] a thing well known: (S:) [also a receptacle for wine: (see تَأْمُورٌ, in art. امر:)] pl. ↓ حُقٌّ, [or rather this is a coll. gen. n., as is indicated in the TA, and it is now used as a sing., like حُقَّةٌ,] and حُقَقٌ, (S, K,) which latter is pl. of حُقَّةٌ, (ISd, TA,) and حِقَاقٌ (S, K) and حُقُوقٌ and [of pauc.] أَحْقَاقٌ, (K,) which three are pls. of حُقٌّ. (TA.) b2: And (tropical:) A woman; (K, TA;) as being likened thereto. (TA.) A2: See also حَاقَّةٌ.

حِقَّةٌ: see هٰذِهِ حِقَّتِى, voce حَقٌّ.

A2: See also حِقٌّ, in three places.

حَقَقٌ, in a horse, The quality of not sweating: (S, * K:) which is a fault. (TA.) b2: And, in a horse also, The putting down the hind hoof in the place [that has just before been that] of the fore hoof: (S, * K:) which is also a fault. (K.) [See أَحَقُّ.]

حُقُقٌ [app. pl. of the act. part. n. حَاقٌّ, like بُزُلٌ pl. of بَازِلٌ, &c.,] Persons who have recently known, or been acquainted with, events, or affairs, good and evil. (TA.) b2: And Persons establishing a claim or claims. (TA.) حَقِيقٌ Adapted, disposed, apt, meet, suited, suitable, fitted, fit, proper, competent, or worthy; syn. خَلِيقٌ, (Sh, S, Mgh, Msb, K,) and جَدِيرٌ; (K;) as also ↓ حَقٌّ, (Ibn- 'Abbád, K,) and [some say] ↓ مَحْقُوقٌ: (Sh, S, Mgh, K:) حَقِيقٌ is said to be of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ; but accord. to the A, it is not so, because its fem. is with ة; but is from the supposed verb حَقُقَ, and is like خَلِيقٌ from خَلُقَ, and جَدِيرٌ from جَدُرَ: and ↓ مَحْقُوقٌ signifies [properly] rendered adapted &c.: (TA:) the pl. of حقيق is أَحِقَّآءُ; and that of ↓ محقوق is مَحْقُوقُونَ. (S.) You say, هُوَ حَقِيقٌ بِهِ (Sh, S, Msb, K) and به ↓ مَحْقُوقٌ (Sh, S, K) and به ↓ حَقٌّ (Ibn-'Abbád, K) [He is adapted, &c., for it; or worthy of it]. And to a woman, أَنْتَ حَقِيقَةٌ بِكَذَا (A, TA) and حَقِيقَةٌ لِذٰلِكَ and لِذٰلِكَ ↓ مَحْقُوقَةٌ [Thou art adapted, &c., for such a thing and for that thing; or worthy of it]. (TA.) And أَنْتَ حَقِيقٌ بِأَنْ تَفْعَلَ (A, Mgh) and ↓ مَحْقُوقٌ (A) [Thou art adapted, &c., for thy doing such a thing; or worthy of doing it]. And هُوَ حَقِيقٌ أَنْ يَفْعَلَ كَذَا [He is adapted, &c., for his doing such a thing; or worthy to do it]; (S;) in which case, ان is for بِأَنْ. (Mgh.) [And حَقِيقٌ بِكَذَا also signifies Having a right, or just title or claim, to such a thing; entitled to such a thing.] It is said in the Kur [vii. 103], حَقِيقٌ عَلَى أَنْ لَا أَقْولَ عَلَى

اللّٰهِ إِلَّا الحَقَّ, meaning I am disposed [not] to say [of God aught save] the truth: or, as some say, I am vehemently desirous [that I should not say &c.]; for, accord. to Aboo-'Alee, أَنَا حَقِيقٌ عَلَى

كَذَا means I am vehemently desirous of such a thing: but one reading, that of Náfi', is حَقِيقٌ عَلَىَّ أَنْ لَا أَقُولَ, It is binding, or obligatory, or incumbent, on me [that I should not say]. (TA.) حَقِيقَةٌ The essence of a thing as meaning that by being which a thing is what it is; [or that in being which a thing consists;] as when we say that a rational animal is the حقيقة of a human being: (KT:) or that by being which a thing is what it is, considered with regard to its reality, is termed حَقِيقَةٌ: considered with regard to its individuality, هُوِيَّةٌ: and without regard thereto, مَاهِيَّةٌ: (KT, TA:) the ultimate and radical constituent of a thing. (Msb, TA.) b2: [Also The essence of a thing as meaning the property or quality, or the aggregate of properties or qualities, whereby a thing is what it is; the essential property or quality, or the aggregate of the essential properties or qualities, of a thing; that which constitutes the particular and distinguishing nature of a thing or of a genus or species; i. q. ذَاتِيَّةٌ: and] the truth, reality, or true or real nature or state [or circumstances or facts, the very nature, and the gist, and the pith, marrow, or most essential part], of a case, or an affair: pl. حَقَائِقُ: see 3. (TA.) One says, بَلَغَ حَقِيقَةَ الأَمْرِ He arrived at [the knowledge of] the truth, reality, or true or real nature or state [&c.], of the case, or affair. (TA.) and ↓ الحَقَّةُ signifies حَقِيقَةُ الأَمْرِ; (S, K;) as also ↓ الحَاقَّةُ. (TA.) Hence the saying, لَمَّا عَرَفَ مِنِّى هَرَبَ ↓ الحَقَّةَ [When he knew the truth, reality, or true or real nature or state &c., of the case, or affair, from me, he fled]. (S, TA.) And مِنِّى هَرَبَ ↓ لَمَّا رَأَى الحَاقَّةَ [When he saw the truth, &c.]. (TA.) [حَقِيقَةً is often used as meaning In truth, or truly; in reality, or really; and in fact.] You say also, عَرَفْتُهُ حَقِيقَةَ المَعْرِفَةِ [I knew it with reality of knowledge]. (Msb in art. كنه.) And حَقِيقَةُ الإِيمَانِ means Genuine belief or faith; reality of belief or faith. (TA.) [And you say, هٰذَا شَىْءٌ لَا حَقِيقَةَ لَهُ This is a thing having no reality.]

A2: [Also A word, or phrase, used in its proper or original, or in a proper or an original, sense;] that which is constantly used according to its original application; or a name for that whereby is meant what it was [originally] applied to denote; (TA;) contr. of مَجَازٌ: (S, K:) of the measure فَعِيلَةٌ in the sense of the measure فَاعِلَةٌ, from حَقَّ الشَّىْءُ signifying ثَبَتَ: the ة is affixed for the conversion of the word from an epithet to a subst.: (TA:) [pl. as above]. [It is also called حَقِيقَةٌ لُغَوِيَّةٌ, and حَقِيقَةٌ لُغَةً; to distinguish it from what is termed حَقِيقَةٌ عُرْفِيَّةٌ, and حَقِيقَةٌ عُرْفًا, which is A word, or phrase, so much used in a particular tropical sense as to be, in that sense, conventionally regarded as proper; as, for instance, عَدْلٌ in the sense of “ just; ” it being properly an inf. n.] A مَجَاز, when much used, becomes what is termed حَقِيقَةٌ عُرْفًا. (Mz 24th نوع.) [حَقِيقَةٌ means also A proper (opposed to a tropical) signification.]

A3: الحَقِيقَةُ also signifies (tropical:) That which, or those whom, it is necessary for one, or it behooveth one, to defend, or protect, (S, L, K, TA,) of the people of one's house, (L,) or such as the wife, and the female neighbour, and property, &c.: (Ham p. 181:) pl. as above. (L.) You say, فُلَانٌ حَامِى الحَقِيقَةِ (tropical:) [Such a one is the defender, or protector, of that which, or those whom, it is necessary, &c., to defend, or protect]. (S, TA.) [See also ذِمَارٌ. And see an ex. of this signification, or of the next, in a verse cited in p. 288.] b2: Also (assumed tropical:) The banner, or standard: (S, K, and Ham ubi suprà:) this being included in the preceding meaning. (Ham.) b3: And (assumed tropical:) That which is sacred, or inviolable; that which one is under an obligation to respect, or honour. (TA.) حَقِيقَىٌّ rel. n. of حَقِيقَةٌ, Essential, &c.]

حَقَّانِىٌّ [Of, or relating to, الحَقّ as meaning justness, propriety, rightness, correctness, or truth; &c.: and hence just, proper, &c.; like حَقٌّ when used as an epithet: and of, or relating to, الحَقّ as meaning God:] a rel. n. from الحَقُّ, like رَبَّانِىٌّ from الرَّبُّ. (TA.) قَرَبٌ حَقْحَاقٌ [A night-journey to water] made with labour or exertion or haste; (K;) as also هَقْهَاقٌ and قَهْقَاهٌ; and so ↓ مُحَقْحِقٌ. (TA.) [See R. Q. 1.]

حَاقٌّ i. q. صَادِقٌ [as used in the phrase صَادِقُ الحَلَاوَةِ and صَادِقُ الحَمْلَةِ, &c.: see art. صدق]: so in the phrase حَاقٌّ الجُوعِ [Vehement hunger]: (K:) occurring in a trad. of Aboo-Bekr: but accord. to one reading, it is حَاقُ الجُوعِ, without teshdeed to the ق, from حَاقَ بِهِ البَلَآءُ, inf. n. حَيْقٌ and حَاقٌ, “trial, or trouble, beset him; ” and means the besetting of hunger: or it may mean حَائِقُ الجُوعِ [besetting hunger]. (TA.) One says also, رَجُلٌ حَاقُّ الرَّجُلِ and الرَّجُلِ ↓ حَاقَّةُ A man perfect in manliness: and حَاقُّ الشُّجَاعِ and ↓ حَاقَّةُ الشُّجَاعِ perfect in courage. (K, * TA.) And Az relates that he heard an Arab of the desert say, of a mark of mange, or scab, that appeared upon a camel, هٰذَا حَاقُّ صُمَادِحِ الجَرَبِ [This is a most sure, or a truth-telling, evidence of genuine mange, or scab]. (TA.) A2: Also The middle of the head; (S, K;) as also ↓ حَقٌّ: (K:) and of the back of the neck; as also ↓ حُقٌّ: (TA: [thus the latter is there written, in this instance, with damm:]) and of the eye: (TA:) and of a road: (K, * TA:) and of winter. (S.) One says, سَقَطَ عَلَى حَاقِّ رَأْسِهِ (S, K) and رأسه ↓ حَقِّ (K) He fell upon the middle of his head: (S, K:) and على حَاقِّ القَفَا and القفا ↓ حُقِّ upon the middle of the back of the neck. (TA.) And أَصَابَ حَاقَّ عَيْنِهِ He, or it, hit the middle of his eye. (TA.) And رَكِبَ حَاقَّ الطَّرِيقِ He went upon the middle of the road. (K, * TA.) And جِئْتُهُ فِى حَاقِّ الشِّتَآءِ I came to him in the middle of winter. (S.) And لَقِيتُهُ مِنْ حَاقِّ المَسْجِدِ: see حُقٌّ. b2: هُوَ فِى حَاقٍّ مِنْ كَذَا He is in straitness by reason of such a thing. (TA.) حَاقَّةٌ: see حَقِيقَةٌ, in two places. [In the sense in which it is there explained, its pl. is حَوَاقُّ; and so in other senses; agreeably with analogy: see the second of the sentences here following.]

b2: Also A severe calamity or affliction, the happening of which is fixed, or established; and so ↓ حَقَّةٌ; (K;) which signifies also, [according to another explanation,] like ↓ حُقَّةٌ, [simply,] a calamity; or a great, formidable, terrible, or momentous, thing, or event: (Az, K:) and حَاجَةٌ حَاقَّةٌ a want that befalls, or happens, and is severe, or distressing. (Msb.) b3: And الحَاقَّةُ [in the Kur lxix. 1 and 2] means The resurrection: (S, Msb, K:) because in it shall be [manifest] the true natures (حَوَاقّ) of things, or actions; or because in it shall be [or shall happen (Bd)] severe calamities (حَوَاقُّ الأُمُورِ); (Fr, S, Bd, K;) namely, the reckoning and the recompensing: (Bd:) or because in it things shall be surely known (Bd, Jel) which are denied; namely, the raising of the dead, and the reckoning, and the recompensing: (Jel:) or because including within its sphere [all] the created beings. (Msb. [Several other reasons are assigned; but these which I have mentioned appear to be the most generally approved.]) b4: See also حَاقٌّ, in two places.

أَحَقُّ [comparative and superlative of حَقِيقٌ]. You say, هُوَ أَحَقُّ بِكَذَا [He is more, and most, adapted, disposed, apt, meet, suited, suitable, fitted, fit, proper, or competent, for such a thing; or more, and most, worthy, or deserving, of it: and he has a better, and the best, right to such a thing; or a more just, and the most just, title or claim to it; or he is more, and most, entitled to it]: this phrase is used in two senses: first, as denoting the possession of an exclusive right or title, i. e., without the participation of another; as when you say, زَيْدٌ أَحَقُّ بِمَالِهِ Zeyd is entitled to his property exclusively of any other person: secondly, as denoting the possession of a right or title in participation with another person, but in a superior degree; as in the saying, الأَيِّمُ أَحَقُّ بِنَفْسِهَا مِنْ وَلِيِّهَا, (Msb,) i. e. The woman that has not a husband and is not a virgin [is more entitled to dispose of herself than is her guardian]; (Mgh in art. ايم;) meaning that they participate [in the right], but that her right is the stronger: (Msb:) a saying of Mohammad, in which the ايّم is opposed to the بِكْر, for it is added that the بكر is to be asked her permission: but one reading substitutes الثَّيِّبُ for الايّم. (Mgh ubi suprà.) In the saying, in the Kur [v. 106], لَشَهَادَتُنَا أَحَقُّ مِنْ شَهَادَتِهِمَا, it may be formed from اِسْتَحَقَّ by rejection of the augmentative letters, so that the meaning is, [Verily our testimony is] more deserving of being accepted [than the testimony of them two]: or it may be from حَقَّ الشَّىْءُ signifying ثَبَتَ, and so mean more true, or valid. (TA.) A2: Applied to a horse, That does not sweat. (S, K.) b2: And, likewise thus applied, That puts down his hind hoof in the place [that has just before been that] of his fore hoof. (S, * K.) [See حَقَقٌ.]

مُحِقٌّ Speaking truth; saying what is true; (Msb;) contr. of مُبْطِلٌ: (K:) or revealing, or manifesting, or showing, a truth, or a right or due: or laying claim to a right [or to a thing (see 4)] which is, or becomes, due to him. (Msb.) مُحَقَّقٌ, [in the CK, erroneously, حُقَّق,] applied to speech, or language, (tropical:) Sound, or compact, (S, K, TA,) and orderly. (TA.) b2: And, applied to a garment, or piece of cloth, (tropical:) Firmly, or compactly, woven, (S, K, TA,) and figured with the form of حُقَق [pl. of حُقَّةٌ, q. v.]. (TA.) مُحَقِّقٌ is often used as meaning A critical judge in matters of literature.]

مَحْقُوقٌ: see حَقِيقٌ, in six places.

مِحَاقٌّ, applied to cattle, Such as have not brought forth, nor been milked (لَمْ يُحْلَبْنَ [in the CK, erroneously, لم يُجْلَبْنَ]), in the next preceding year: (Ibn-'Abbád, K:) or whose first and second milkings are of biestings. (AHát, TA.) طَعْنَةٌ مُحْتَقَّةٌ (in [some of] the copies of the K, erroneously, مُحَقَّقَةٌ, TA) A thrust, or piercing, in which is no swerving from the right direction. (S, A, O, L, K.) مُحَقْحِقٌ: see حَقْحَاقٌ.

رسم

1 رَسَمَ الدَّارَ, (M,) or الدِّيَارَ, (K,) [aor. ـُ accord. to a rule of the K,] inf. n. رَسْمٌ, (M,) It (the rain) rased the house or dwelling, or the houses or dwellings, leaving a relic, or relics, thereof cleaving to the ground. (M, K.) In the saying of El-Hotei-ah, أَمِنْ رَسْمِ دَارٍ مُرْبِعٌ وَمُصِيفُ لِعَيْنَيْكَ مِنْ مَآءِ الشُّؤُونِ وَكِيفُ [Is it in consequence of autumn-rain's and springrain's rasing of a dwelling so as to leave only a relic thereof cleaving to the ground, that there is to thine eyes a distilling of the water of the tearchannels?], مربع and مصيف are in the nom. case because of the inf. n., i.e. رسم. (M, TA. [But in the latter, مَصِيفُ: and in a copy of the former, مَرْبَعٌ and مَصِيفُ, both of which are evidently wrong.]) b2: [رَسَمَ often signifies He marked, or stamped: and he drew, traced, traced out, sketched, sketched out, or planned: and he delineated, or described.] You say, رَسَمَ الطَّعَامَ He stamped, or sealed, the corn; (TA in art. رشم;) as also رَشَمَهُ. (S, K, TA, all in that art. [See رَوْسَمٌ.]) and رَسَمْتُ البِنَآءَ, aor. and inf. n. as above, I marked out the building. (Msb.) And رَسَمَ كِتَابًا وَلَمْ يَحْشُهُ [He sketched out a book and did not fill it up]. (Mz 1st نوع.) And رَسَمْتُ الكِتَابَ I wrote the book, or letter, or writing. (Msb.) And رَسَمَ عَلَى كَذَا He wrote upon such a thing; (S, K;) and رَشَمَ is a dial. var. thereof. (TA.) b3: [Hence,] رَسَمَ لَهُ كَذَا, (S, K, TA,) or بِكَذَا, (Msb,) (tropical:) [He prescribed to him the doing of such a thing;] he commanded, ordered, bade, or enjoined, him to do such a thing. (S, * Msb, * K, TA.) [And رَسَمَ لَهُ كَذَا also means (assumed tropical:) he assigned, or appointed, him such a thing, as a stipend, &c.: often used in this sense.] b4: رَسَمَتْ said of a she-camel, (S, M, K,) aor. ـُ (S, M, [and so accord. to a rule of the K,]) or ـِ not رَسُمَ, (TA,) inf. n. رَسِيمٌ, (S, M, K,) She made marks upon the ground (S, M, K) by the vehemence of her tread. (S, M.) b5: And رَسَمَ said of a camel, aor. ـِ inf. n. رَسِيمٌ, (S, K,) with which مِرْسَمٌ is syn., (K,) He went a certain pace, (S, K,) exceeding that which is termed ذَمِيل [inf. n. of ذَمَلَ, q. v.]: one should not say of a camel أَرْسَمَ, for this latter verb is trans. (S.) b6: Also رَسَمَ نَحْوَهُ, inf. n. رَسْمٌ, He went, or went away, quickly towards him, or it. (TA.) b7: and رَسَمَ فِى الأَرْضِ, (K,) inf. n. رَسْمٌ, (TA,) He disappeared in the land, or country: (K:) and [hence], used metonymically, (tropical:) he died; like رَزَمَ. (TA.) 2 تَرْسِيمٌ [inf. n. of رَسَّمَ] The act of marking, or stamping, [and of drawing, tracing, tracing out, sketching, sketching out, or planning, several things, or of doing so much, or] well:: and writing [much, or] well: and making a garment, or piece of cloth, striped. (KL.) 4 ارسم He caused a she-camel to make marks upon the ground (M, K) by the vehemence of her tread. (M.) b2: And He made a camel to go the pace termed رَسِيم (S. [The meaning is there indicated, but not expressed.]) فَأَرْسَمَا ending a verse of Homeyd Ibn-Thowr [which is variously related] refers to two boys, or young men, mentioned therein, and means فَأَرْسَمَا بَعِيرَيْهِمَا [and they made their two camels to go the pace termed رَسِيم]. (AHát, TA.) 5 ترسّم, (K, but omitted in some copies,) or ترسّم الرَّسْمَ, (M,) He looked at the رَسْمِ [or mark, trace, relic, &c.]. (M, K.) And ترسّم الدَّارَ He considered, or examined, the رُسُوم [or marks, traces, relics, &c.,] of the house, or dwelling; (S, TA; *) or did so repeatedly, in order to obtain a clear knowledge thereof. (TA.) b2: And in like manner ترسّم signifies He looked, and considered, or examined, or did so repeatedly, in order to know where he should dig, or build. (S, TA.) Hence, تَرَسَّمَتِ القَنَافِذُ فِى الأَرْضِ (tropical:) The hedge-hogs looked, or considered, or examined, repeatedly, to know where they should make their holes. (TA.) And ترسّم الشَّىْءَ (assumed tropical:) He looked, or looked long, at the thing; or considered, or examined, it, or did so repeatedly, in order to obtain a clear knowledge of it. (TA.) And ترسّم القَصِيدَةَ (tropical:) He considered, or studied, the ode, and retained it in his memory, or sought, or endeavoured, to remember it. (K, * TA.) And أَنَا أَتَرَسَّمُ كَذَا (assumed tropical:) I remember, or I seek, or endeavour, to remember, such a thing, but am not sure, or certain, of it. (TA.) 8 اِرْتِسَامٌ [in its primary sense, as quasi-pass. of رَسْمٌ, inf. n. of رَسَمَ, is app. post-classical, but, as such,] is used by the logicians as meaning The being stamped and depicted [in the mind]: (“ Dict. of the Technical Terms used in the sciences of the Musalmans: ”] an image's being fixed in, or upon, a thing. (KL.) [It is used, in this sense, of an image formed by the fancy, and of any ideal image.]

A2: [Also (tropical:) The obeying a prescript or command &c.] You say, رَسَمْتُ لَهُ كَذَا, (S, K,) or بِكَذَا, (Msb,) فَارْتَسَمَ, (Msb, K,) or فَارْتَسَمَهُ, (S,) (tropical:) [I prescribed to him the doing of such a thing; or] I commanded, ordered, bade, or enjoined, him to do such a thing, (K, TA,) and he obeyed (S, Msb, TA) it [i. e. the prescript &c.]. (S, Msb.) And ↓ أَنَا أَرْتَسِمُ مَرَاسِمَكَ (tropical:) [I obey thy prescripts &c.;] I do not transgress thy مراسم. (TA.) b2: And hence, (TA,) ارتسم signifies also (tropical:) He said اَللّٰهُ أَكْبَرْ [God is great, or most great]: (S, M, K, TA:) and he sought protection or preservation [by God]: (M, K, TA;) and he prayed or supplicated or petitioned [God]: (S, K:) as though [meaning] he took the course prescribed by God, of having recourse to Him for protection or preservation. (TA.) El-Aashà says, [speaking of wine,] وَصَلَّى عضلَى دَنِّهَا وَارْتَسَمْ وَقَابَلَهَا الرِيحَ فِى دَنِّهَا (S, M, TA,) or وَأَقْبَلَهَا, (so in some copies of the S in this art. and in art. صلو, and in the Mgh, also, in the latter art.,) i. e. [And he exposed it to the wind, in its jar, and he prayed over its jar,] and petitioned for it (TA in this art. and in art. صلو) that it might not become sour, nor spoil: (TA in the latter art.:) AHn says that ارتسم means he stamped its vessel with the رَوْسَم; but this saying is not valid: (M, TA:) [and Mtr, also, says that] ارتسم, here, is from الرَّوْسَمُ, and means he stamped it. (Mgh in art. صلو.) رَسْمٌ inf. n. of 1 [q. v.]. (Msb, &c.) b2: [Hence رَسْمُ المُصْحَفِ The writing of the book of the Kur-án; for which particular rules are prescribed. b3: Hence also رَسْمٌ is sometimes used by logicians as meaning A definition, either perfect (تَامٌّ) or imperfect (نَاقِصٌ); like حَدٌّ.] b4: Also A mark, an impression, a sign, a trace, a vestige, or a relic or remain; syn. أَثَرٌ; (S, Msb, K;) and رَشَمٌ is a dial. var. thereof, accord. to Aboo-Turáb; as is also ↓ رَسَمٌ, both syn. with أَثَرٌ, (TA in art. رشم,) and so is رَشْمٌ. (K in that art.:) or a relic, or remain, of what is termed أَثَرٌ [as meaning a mark, an impression, a sign, a trace, or a vestige]: or such, of what are termed آثَار [as meaning relics or remains], as has not substance and height: (M, K:) or such as is cleaving to the ground: (M:) رَسْمُ دَارٍ means remains of a house or dwelling, cleaving to the ground: (S, TA:) or رَسْمٌ signifies a remain, or remains, of a ruined dwelling or place of alighting and abiding: (Har p. 607:) and ↓ رَوْسَمٌ is syn. with رَسْمٌ: (S, M, K [accord. to the correct copies of this last:]) the pl. [of pauc.] of رَسْمٌ is أَرْسُمٌ and [the pl. of mult. is]

رُسُومٌ. (M, Msb, K.) b5: [I. q. مَرْسُومٌ: see مَرَاسِمُ.

And hence, as being prescribed,] رُسُومُ الدِّينِ means (assumed tropical:) The ways that are followed in respect of the doctrines and practices of religion. (TA.) b6: And A well which one fills up (M, K) in the ground: (K:) pl. رِسَامٌ. (M, K.) b7: [In some copies of the K, two meanings that belong to رَوْسَمٌ are, by the omission of a و, assigned to رَسْمٌ: see رَوْسَمٌ.]

رَسَمٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

A2: Also Goodness, or elegance, of gait, pace, or manner of going. (K.) رَسُومٌ That makes marks upon the ground by the vehemence of her tread: applied to a she-camel. (S TA.) [See an ex. in a verse cited in the first paragraph of art. جهم.] b2: Also That continues journeying a day and a night: (S, K:) applied to a he-camel. (TK.) رَسِيمٌ A certain pace of camels, (S, K,) exceeding that which is termed ذَمِيلٌ [q. v.]; (S;) [see رَسَمَ, of which it is an inf. n.;] and ↓ مِرْسَمٌ signifies the same. (K.) رَسَّامٌ One who engraves [or draws inscriptions or other designs] upon tablets or the like. (TA.) رَاسِمٌ, (S, K,) or مَآءٌ رَاسِمٌ, (TK,) Running water. (S, K.) b2: And رَاسِمَةٌ A she-camel that goes the pace termed رَسِيم: pl. رَوَاسِمُ. (Har p. 495.) رَوْسَمٌ: see رَسْمٌ. b2: Also A sign, a token, a mark, or an indication, (M, K,) of beauty or of ugliness; as in the saying, إِنَّ عَليْهِ لَرَوْسَمًا [Verily upon him is a sign, &c.]: so says Khálid Ibn-Jebeleh: (M:) pl. رَوَاسِمُ and رَوَاسِيمُ. (TA.) b3: And as pl. of رَوْسَمُ, (TA,) رَوَاِسيمُ signifies Certain books, or writings, that were in the Time of Ignorance. (S, K.) b4: Also the sing., A stamp, or seal; i. e. an instrument with which one stamps, or seals; and رَوْشَمٌ is a dial. var. thereof: (M:) or, as some say, particularly, (M,) one with which the head [or mouth] of a [large jar such as is called] خَابِيَة is stamped, or sealed; (M, K;) as also ↓ رَاسُومٌ, (K,) and رَاشُومٌ. (TA.) And A piece of wood, (S, M, Msb, K,) or a small tablet, (A,) upon which is some inscription (S, M, A, K) engraved, or hollowed out, (A, K,) with which wheat, (S, M, K,) or corn, or grain, (Msb,) [in its repository,] is stamped, or sealed, (S, M, Msb, K,) or with which collections of wheat or corn are stamped, or sealed: (AA, TA:) as also رَوْشَمٌ: pl. رَوَاسِمُ. (Msb.) [In some copies of the K, by the omission of a و, this meaning and the next are assigned to رَسْمٌ.] b5: And (as some say, S) A certain thing with which deenárs are polished. (S, K.) A poet says, (S,) namely, Kutheiyir, (TA,) دَنَانِيرُ شِيفَتْ مِنْ هِرَقْلٍ بِرَوْسَمِ [Deenárs, of Heraclius, that were polished with روسم]. (S, TA.) A2: It occurs in poetry as meaning The face of a horse, in the phrase قُرْحَةٌ بِرَوْسَمٍ

[A star, or blaze, in the face of a horse]. (M.) A3: Also A calamity, or misfortune; (K;) like رَوْسَبٌ. (TA.) رَاسُومٌ: see the next preceding paragraph. [Accord. to rule, its pl. is رَوَاسِيمُ, mentioned above as a pl. of رَوْسَمٌ.]

مُرْسِمٌ [act. part. n. of 4, q. v.]. In the saying of the Hudhalee, وَالْمُرْسِمُونَ إِلَى عَبْدِ العَزِيزِ بِهَا مَعًا وَشَتَّى وَمِنْ شَفْعٍ وَفُرَّادِ [And those urging them to make marks upon the ground by the vehemence of their tread in their way to 'Abd-El-'Azeez, together and separately, and two by two and one by one], he means المُرْسِمُوهَا, inserting the ب redundantly between the verb [or part. n., which is often termed a verb,] and its objective complement. (M.) مِرْسَمٌ: see رَسِيمٌ.

مُرَسَّمٌ A garment, or piece of cloth, striped, (S, M, K,) or marked with faint lines. (TA.) مَرْسُومٌ [or كِتَابٌ مَرْسُومٌ] A book, or writing, stamped, or sealed: pl. مَرَاسِيمُ. (TA.) and طَعَامٌ مَرْسُومٌ Wheat stamped, or sealed. (TA. [See رَوْسَمٌ.]) b2: See also the following paragraph.

مَرَاسِمُ Marks, stamps, impressions, signs, or characters. (KL.) b2: [And (assumed tropical:) Prescripts, commands, orders, biddings, or injunctions: and (assumed tropical:) assignments, or appointments: in both of these senses app. a contraction of مَرَاسِيمُ, pl. of ↓ مَرْسُومٌ; thus used in the present day; like رُسُومٌ, pl. of ↓رَسْمٌ.] See 8.

رسم: رَسَم: كتب، خَطَّ بالقلم (لين، رسالة إلى السيد فليشر ص126).
رَسَم: صَوَّر، خطَّط، خطَّ (بوشر، فوك، ألكالا) وخطط خارطة (المقدمة 1: 87) وخطط خريطة لبناء مدينة وغير ذلك، ففي النويري (أفريقية ص11 ق): ورسم ابن البعبع المدينة والصناعة والمينا وموضع القصر واللولوه (كذا) وأمر الناصر من ساعته بالبناء. وفي تاريخ تونس (ص89): ورسم الكُفَّار قلعةً خارج باب البحر سمّوها البستيون.
رَسَم: وصف، يقال: وكان ابن حزم في أول أمره شافعيَّ المذهب حتى رُسِم به ونُسِب إليه أي كانوا يطلقون عليه لقب الشافعيّ (حيان - بسام 1: 41ق). وقولهم: مرسوم ب يستعمل بمعنى موصوف ب، ففي كتاب الخطيب (ص38 ق): مرسوماً بصداقته. وفي كتاب ابن الأبار (ص180 رقم 3): بلده المرسوم بولاية والده، أي الموصوف والمسمى باسم والده، كما يقال في نفس نص ابن الأبار (ص1): السهلة المنسوبة إلى بني رزين.
رَسَم ب: كما يقال رسم أمر يقال أيضاً: رسم ب (الملابس ص270).
رسم: دَوَّن، سَجَّل (عباد 1: 427) ومن هذا رسمه في خدمته: أي قبله في خدمته (تاريخ البربر 1: 472).
رَسَم: عَنْوَن الكتاب سماه ب، ويقال رسمه ب (عباد 1: 216 رقم 65).
رَسَم: خطّط بقلم رصاص، ونقش، خطط مسودة رَسْم، صوَّر صورة لشخص (بوشر، دومب ص122، همبرت ص96، هلو)، وفي المقدمة (1: 267): رسم التماثيل.
رَسَم: طرّز، وَشَّى (ابن جبير ص 148).
رسم بالذهب: ذهَّب، مَوَّه بالذهب، طلى بالذهب (ابن جبير ص163).
رَسَم: فرض ضريبة، ففي المقري (1: 130): الأموال المرسومة على المراكب الواردة والصادرة.
رَسَم: سام كاهناً، أعطاه درجة في الرهبانية، عينّ أسقفاً، منح أسرار الكنيسة (بوشر، همبرت ص 154، محيط المحيط).
رَسَم: قص شعره وقبله في صف الاكليروس (بوشر).
رَسَم: كرَّس، قدَّ، نذر الله، خصصه للعبادة (بوشر).
رَسَّم (بالتشديد): صوَّر، شكَّل (رينو جريجوار ص37 رقم 2، ص38 رقم 1، ص41 رقم 1، رقم 3).
رسَّم على فلان: خصص له من يراقبه، ويقال رسَّمه ورَسَّم عليه. يقال مثلاً: رسَّم عليه عشرين مملوكاً، أي جعل لمراقبته عشرين مملوكاً. ويقال أيضاً جعل عليه بالترسيم، والباء هنا للمجاز (انظر فليشر معجم ص16 - 18، فريتاج طرائف ص51)، وفي كتاب الملابس (ص271): ولا يزالوا مرسَّمين على بابه حتى يأخذوا ما قرَّره عليه، أي لا يزالون مقيمين على بابه حتى يأخذوا منه المبلغ الذي يطالبونه به (انظر: تَرْسِيم).
رَسَّم: زَيَّن، زخرف، ففي الجريدة الآسيوية (1849، 2: 319 رقم 1): رمح مُرَسَّم من الصوبَينْ بلباد أحمر، أي رمح مزخرف من الجانبين بلباد أحمر. وفيها (2: 321 رقم 1): ويرسم رماحهم بالبارود، وقد ترجمها رينو بما معناه زيّن وزخرف أيضاً.
تَرَسَّم، ترسَّم بالعلم: اتصف بالعلم، كانت له شهرة العالم (كوسج طرائف ص119).
تَرَسَّم: أقام في موضع لحراسة المسجونين (فليشر معجم ص17، ابن خلكان 1: 214).
ارتسم: كُتِب (ابن العوام 1: 192).
ارتسم: معناها اللفظي اتسم، وتستعمل: مرتسم ب بمعنى موصوف ب أو متَّسم ب. ففي رحلة ابن جبير (ص28): وهو متَّسم بالخير ومرتسم به. وفي كتاب الخطيب (ص25 ق): كان أبو جعفر ابن عطية من الرجالة مرتسماً بالرماية.
ارتسم: دُوِّن اسمه في الديوان، سُجَّل (عباد 1: 37، 74 رقم 14، 427، 428، المقري 2: 589، كرتاس ص44، تاريخ البربر 1: 501). وفي كتاب الخطيب (ص33 و): ارتسم في المقرئين بغرناطة. وفي القلائد (ص 64): ولديه ثبت الإحسان وارتسم. ومن هذا استعملت بمعنى حصل على عمل أو وظيفة (عباد 1: 7 رقم 23، تاريخ البربر 1: 548)، وفي كتاب الخطيب (ص64 ق): ولما ولى يحيى - قرطبة ارتسم إليه برسمه.
ارتسم ب: تلقب ب. ففي عباد (1: 221): المرتسمون بالوزارة، وفيه: ارتسم باسم القضاء. وفي حيان - بسّام (1: 106ق): المرتسم بالكتابة أي الملقب بالكاتب. وفي حيان (ص99 و): الذي قدَّمنا ذكره وارتسامه بالرباط لتكرُّره في الثغور وترغيبه في الجهاد، أي الذي تلقب بالمرابط (ابن جبير ص243، ص328).
ارتسم على فلان: أقام في مكان ما لحراسته (السجين) (ألف ليلة برسل 10: 228).
ارتسم: قبل الرسامة من الأسقف (بوشر، محيط المحيط).
ارتسم كاهن: ارتقى في الدرجات الكنسية إلى درجة كاهن (بوشر) صار كاهناً أي قسيساً (همبرت ص155).
ارتسم شماَّس: صار شماساً إنجيلياً، صار نائب كاهن (بوشر).
رَسْم: كتابة (ابن جبير ص196).
الرَّسْم: رسم المُصْحفّ (المقري 1: 550، المقدمة 3: 260).
رَسْم: وصف، صفة، بيان الحال (فوك).
رَسْم: فن تصوير المناظر وتزيين المسارح، وهو من مصطلح الرياضة (بوشر).
رسم الدُنْيا: كوزموغرافيا، وصف عام للكون، علم يبحث في مظهر الكون وتركيبه (بوشر).
رسم المساء: علم وصف السماء (بوشر).
رَسْم: تدوين، تسجيل (ابن جبير ص107).
رَسْم: خَطْ خُطِّط باليراع (ريشة الكتابة) (بوشر، المقدمة 2: 338، تاريخ البربر 1: 654، المقري 1: 364).
رَسْم: حرف المعجم، ففي معجم المنصوري: لحم مجزَّع، وقد تقدَّم في رسم التاء في رسم التجزيع (ولم تذكر مادة تجزيع في مخطوطتنا).
رَسْم: مادة معجم، انظر عبارة معجم المنصوري التي تقدمت. وفي ابن البيطار (1: 155): وقد عرَّض الغافقي بذكرها في حرف الألف في رسم الأفيون وقد ذكرته في حرف الشين المعجمة في رسم شقرديون. وفي كتاب ابن عبد الملك (ص2 و): أجاز له المشرقيون في رسم أبي الطاهر أحمد بي علي.
رَسْم: جُزء، قسم من كتاب، وهو مرادف فَصْل. ففي كتاب ابن عبد الملك (ص2 ق): وكتاب منهاج الكُتَّب أنشدتُ رسائله وبَوَّبْتُه على خمسة عشر باب ورتَّبْتُه على ثلاثة رسوم فَصْل إلى ما من هو فوقك وفصل إلى من هو مثلك وفصل إلى من هو دونك. رَسْم: تأشير، إمضاء مختصر، وهو مرادف عَلاَمة (ألكالا).
رَسْم: حاشية أو لاحقة تكتب على ظهر السند تذكر مقدار المبلغ الذي تسلمه (ابن بطوطة 2: 91).
رَسْم: إشارة، سمة، علامة رسمية (هلو، غدامس ص19، الجريدة الآسيوية 1843، 2: 223، 1851، 1: 62، 1852، 2: 213، المقري 2: 352، 3: 438، دي ساسي ديب 9: 486).
رَسْم: كلمة، فمصنف معجم المنصوري بعد أن ذكر تعريف المصطلحين كَمِّيَّة وكَيْفِيَّة، يقول: ولا حاجة لنا بذكر ما في هذَيْن الرَسْمَينْ من الخلاف عند المنطقيين.
رَسْم: سحر، جاذبية (فانسليب ص414).
رَسْم: فأل، ففي المعجم اللاتيني - العربي: ( auspicuum ( كذا) تَفَوُّل ورَسْم أيضاً).
رَسْم: مُخَطَّط إجمالي، مسودة مخطط، مخطط تصويري (بوشر، همبرت ص96، ألكالا وفيه: صورة رسم، ابن جبير ص197).
رَسْم: تصميم، خِطَّة عمل (بوشر).
رَسْم: تصميم تتناسق أجزاؤه (بوشر).
رَسْم: تخطيط أولي (بوشر، ابن جبير ص39) وكذلك تخطيطات أولية (عباد 1: 244، 267 رقم 49).
رَسْم: بصمة، علامة، طابع (بوشر).
رَسْم: حاشية، طرف، حافة (ابن جبير ص81، 181، 193، 229، المقري 2: 439).
رَسْم: بزَّة، زِيّ، ففي طرائف دي ساسي نقلاً من السيوطي (2: 267): وأما قاضي القضاة الشافعي فرسمه الطَرْحَة وبها يمتاز.
رَسْم: تعيين حدود، تحديد التخوم (مارتن ص117).
رَسْم: عادة، عرف (دي ساسي طرائف 1: 275، الملابس ص387).
رسوم المملكة: عادات البلاط، أعراف المملكة (دي ساسي طرائف 2: 183، تاريخ البربر 1: 557، 598، 2: 246). وفي النويري (الأندلس ص462 - 463): أقام أبهة المملكة ورتَّب رسومها. وكذلك في تاريخ البربر (1: 631): أجرى الرسم في الدعاء له على منابر عمله. وقد ترجمها دي سلان بما معناه: ((امتثالاً لقوانين الطقوس (للرسوم) أمر بالدعاء له الخ)).
رسم الدعوة: يقال هذا حين يقتصر الاعتراف بالسلطان على ذكر اسمه في الخطبة (تاريخ البربر 1: 568).
أقام رسماً: تعبير يعني التزم، امتثل، خضع ل، تقَيَّد ب (دي ساسي طرائف 2: 183)، وفي لطائف الثعالبي (ص13): كان عبد الملك بن مروان أول من أمر بكتابة الحروف العربية على النقود وكتب إلى الحجاج في إقامة رسمه.
رَسْم: ضريبة، عشر، خراج (بوشر، همبرت ص210، محيط المحيط، فريتاج أمثال ص41، المقري 1: 130). وفي النويري (الأندلس ص477): وقُرِئَ كتاب آخر من محمد بإسقاط رسوم جارية وقبلات مُحْدَثة. وفي الإدريسي (قسم 2 فصل 5): ولواليها وجابيها شيء معلوم ورسم ملزم على المراكب. وفي كتاب الخطيب (ص186 ق): وأما رسوم الأعراس والملاهي فكانت قبلاتها غريبة.
رَسْم وكذلك رُسُوم تعني: راتب، جراية (كوسج طرائف ص132، دي ساسي طرائف 1: 52، ألف ليلة 2: 252، 261).
رَسْم: وظيفة، خدمة، منصب، عمل (عباد 1: 7 رقم 23، 2: 160، المقدمة 2: 20، تاريخ البربر 1: 437)، وفي كتاب الخطيب (ص23 ق): تقدَّم قاضياً بغرناطة - وقام بالرسم المُضاف إلى ذلك وهو الإمامة بالمسجد الأعظم منها والخطابة بقلعتها الحمراء.
أقام الرسمَ: تعبير يعني عادة تولي المنصب مؤقتاً (تاريخ البربر 1: 518، 1: 532، 536).
غير أن أقام له رسم الحجابة (ص574) تعني فيما يظهر: تولي له منصب الحجابة أي صار له حاجباً، كما في (ص576) حيث ترجمها دي سلان بما معناه: نائب الحاجب. انظر (2: 106) ففيه: وأقام كاتبه بباب السلطان على رسم النيابة. وفي المقري (3: 767): لإقامة رسمه من الخدمة. وفي مخطوطة ب من كتاب الخطيب (ص39 و): وأقام الرسم بها يسيراً، أي تولى منصب الكاتب بغرناطة أياماً قليلة، وفي (ص78 و) منه: مقيماً لرسم الكتابة. وفي حياة ابن خلدون بقلمه (ص52): وحملت أخي على أن يصحب الأمير حافظاً للرسم، وقد ترجمها دي سلان (المقدمة 1 ص47) وهو مصيب بما معناه: وقد كلفته أن يتولى هذا المنصب نيابة عني.
رَسْم: منزل، مسكن، مأوى (المقري 1: 363).
رَسْم: افتتاح، تدشين (بوشر).
رَسْم: إقليم، مقاطعة، ولاية، ففي قصة عنتر (ص52): إن الملك قيصر قيصر الروم صاحب إنطاكية وتلك الرسوم.
رَسْم: رِسَامة كاهن، سيامة، ترقية الإنسان إلى درجات كنسية (بوشر).
رَسْم: يستعمل بمعنى غامض يكاد يكون معنى أَمْر، ففي كتاب الخطيب (ص100 ق): واستولى على مُلْك المغرب فأقام به رسماً عظيماً وأمراً جسيماً.
بِرَسْم، برسم فلان: مجعول له (انظر فريتاج في آخر المادة) (محيط المحيط، كليلة ودمنة ص 28، مملوك 1، ص8، ص13، ابن جبير ص28، كرتاس).
رَسِم: أسرع في السير (عباد 1: 96 رقم 125).
رَسْمَة: تسجيل، تدوين، تقييد (هلو).
رَسْمَة: إكليل الرأس (دائرة محلوقة في قمة رأس جل الاكليروس حين يقبل في صفوفهم)، حفلة إكليل الرأس، إكليل الاكليروس، رتبة إدخال أحد في صف الاكليروس (بوشر).
رُسْمَة، وتجمع على رُسَم: رقشة، نكتة، شامة (ديوان الهذليين ص64).
رَسْمِيّ: ما يعتد به ويعول عليه (محيط المحيط).
العلم الرسمي: العلم النظري (الغزالي رسالة أيها الولد ص4 طبعة هامر).
رَسْمي: مختص بفن تصوير المناظر وتزيين المسارح (بوشر).
رَسْمي: افتتاحي، تدشيني (بوشر).
رَسْمانية: قائمة، لائحة (هلو)، وانظر رزمانية.
رَسَامة: رسم في سطح، إسقاط، مسقط، رسم جسم على سطح وفق قواعد معينة (بوشر).
رَسَامة: إعطاء درجة من درجات الرهبانية (بوشر، محيط المحيط).
رَسَّام: مصور (المقري 1: 403)، وفي كتاب المقريزي (مخطوطة 2: 354): عدة حوانيت للرسَّامين.
رسَّام الأرض: جغرافي (بوشر).
راسِم: رسّام، مصور (همبرت ص96).
تَرْسِيم: أمر بإقامة حرس لمنع شخص من الهرب، وحالة الشخص الذي أقيم عليه الحرس (فليشر معجم ص16).
ترسيم: حجر حرية، منع من الخروج، عقوبة عسكرية، ويقال جعل تحت الترسيم: حجرت حريته، جعل في التوقيف (بوشر)، وانظر (المقري 1: 693، ميرسنج ص26، رتجرز ص189).
لوح الترسيم: لوحة للرسم (أماري ص18، 19).
مَرْسُوم، حرف مرسوم: حرف يكتب ولا ينطق تقريباً (فليشر معجم ص12).
مرسوم: مطرز، موشى بالذهب (الملابس ص378 رقم 5).
مرسوم، وتجمع على مراسيم ومراسم: أمر، أمر الأمير، وبخاصة أمر مكتوب (فليشر معجم ص 16، محيط المحيط، همبرت ص205، ابن بطوطة 3: 199، تاريخ البربر 1: 631، 2: 535). مرسوم بالتشييع: إذن، إجازة في الذهاب، جواز مرور (ترجمة ابن خلدون بقلمه ص215 و).
مراسم: معنى كلمة مراسم عند ابن خلدون تختلف ففي المقدمة (2: 295): المراسم الشرعية أي الأوامر الشرعية. وفي تاريخ البربر (2: 485): مراسم الإسلام أي تعاليم الإسلام، غير أنها تعني أيضاً: أشرف العادات (المقدمة 2: 295، تاريخ البربر 1: 398، 2: 113، 497).
ومراسم المُلْك: عادات البلاط وأعرافه (تاريخ البربر 2: 142، 228).
ومراسم الخدمة: وظائف البلاط، مناصب البلاط (تاريخ البربر 1: 532).
ومراسم الجهاد: الوظائف العسكرية (تاريخ البربر 2: 390).
ارْتِسام هي في الديانة النصرانية: درجات أو سر الكهنوت (همبرت ص154).

حلس

1 حَلَسَ البَعِيرَ, aor. ـِ (Sgh, L, K) and حَلُسَ, (L,) inf. n. حَلْسٌ; (TA;) and ↓ احلسهُ, (S, K, &c.,) inf. n. إِحْلَاسٌ; (TA;) He clad, or covered, the camel with a حِلْس [q. v.]; (S, K, &c.;) put upon him a حِلْس. (Sh.) A2: حَلَسَتِ السَّمَآءُ, (T, K,) inf. n. حَلْسٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) The sky rained continually; as also ↓ احلست: (K:) or rained a fine and continual rain; (T;) and so ↓ the latter. (T, S, A, K.) 4 أَحْلَسَ see 1, in three places: b2: and see 10, in two places.10 استحلسهُ He made it to be as a حِلْس. (TA.) b2: So the verb signifies in the phrase استحلس فُلَانٌ الخُوْفَ [in the CK فُلانًا الخَوْفُ] (TA) (tropical:) Such a one relinquished not fear. (Mgh, * K, TA.) b3: استحلس اللَّيْلُ بِالظَّلَامِ (tropical:) The night became dense with darkness. (A, TA.) b4: استحلس النَّبْتُ (tropical:) The herbage covered the land with its abundance (As, S, K, TA) and tallness; (Z, TA;) as also ↓ احلس. (K.) And الأَرْضُ ↓ أَحْلَسَتِ (tropical:) The land became altogether green [as though covered with a حِلْس: see the part. n. below]: (Sh, TA:) or, as also استحلستَ, became clad with sprouting herbage: or became green, with erect herbage. (TA.) حِلْسٌ A piece of cloth (كِسَآء), (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) of thin texture, (S, TA,) which is put on the back of a camel, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) beneath the بَرْذَعَة, (S, A, Mgh, K,) or beneath the رَحْل; (Msb;) a piece of hair-cloth used as a covering for a horse or the like: (A:) or anything that is next the back of the camel or other beast, beneath the saddle, in the place of the مِرْشَحَة, being beneath the felt cloth: (TA:) and a [piece of cloth of the kind called] كِسَآء, (S, * A, Mgh, K,) or a piece of hair-cloth, (A,) or the like, (TA,) or a carpet, (IAar, Msb,) that is spread in a house or tent, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) beneath the best of the pieces of cloth: (S, Mgh, K:) and ↓ حَلَسٌ signifies the same, in both applications: (A 'Obeyd, S, K:) pl. [of pauc.] أَحْلَاسٌ (S, Msb, K) and [of mult.] حُلُوسٌ (K) and حِلَسَةٌ. (Fr, Sgh, K.) b2: [Hence,] فُلَانٌ مِنْ أَحْلَاسِ الخَيْلِ (tropical:) Such a one is of those who train and manage horses and are constantly upon their backs. (TA.) And نَحْنُ أَحْلَاسُ الخَيْلِ (tropical:) We are acquirers of horses and constantly upon their backs. (S.) b3: أُمُّ الحِلْسِ (assumed tropical:) The she-ass. (S, K.) b4: هُوَ حِلْسُ بَيْتِهِ (tropical:) He is one who does not quit his place [or house or tent]: (K:) said [generally] in dispraise; meaning, that he is not fit for anything but to keep to the house or tent. (Az, TA.) [But it does not always imply dispraise; for] it is said in a trad., (S,) كُنْ حِلْسَ بَيْتِكَ, (S, A,) or كُنْ حِلْسًا مِنْ أَحْلَاسِ بَيْتِكَ, (TA,) (tropical:) Keep thou to thy house or tent; (A;) quit not thou thy house or tent: (S:) meaning, in a case of sedition. (TA.) You say also, فُلَانٌ مِنْ أَحْلَاسِ البِلَادِ, and حِلْسٌ بِهَا (tropical:) Such a one does not quit the country, by reason of his love of it: and this is said in praise; meaning, that he is a person of might and strength, and that he does not quit it, not caring for debt nor for dearth or drought, waiting until the country be fruitful. (Az, TA.) And فُلَانٌ كَالْحِلْسِ المُلْقَى [Such a one is like the castaway حلس] meaning, (assumed tropical:) is one who stands in no stead when an event presses heavily upon him, or oppresses him suddenly: and, accord. to El-Marzookee, هُوَ كَالْحِلْسِ, as meaning (assumed tropical:) He is one who does not sit a horse well; is not a horseman. (Ham p. 143.) And هٰذَا مِنْ أَحْلَاسِ فُلَانٍ (assumed tropical:) This is not of the implements, or apparatus, or the like, of such a one. (Ham ibid.) b5: حِلْسٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ (tropical:) A great one of men; syn. كَبِيرٌ; (K, TA;) because he keeps to his place of abode, not quitting it: but [SM adds] I have seen, in the Moheet, this expression explained by كَثِيرٌ [a multitude of men]; and Sgh explains it as meaning a company of men. (TA.) b6: هُوَ حِلْسُهَا [app., (assumed tropical:) He is the careful and skilful manager of it, constantly attending to it]: accord. to Fr, this expression, and هُوَ ابْنُ بُعْثُطِهَا, and سُرْسُورُهَا, and ابْنُ بَجْدَتِهَا, and ابْنُ سِمْسَارِهَا, and سَفِيرُهَا, all signify the same. (TA.) b7: رَفَضْتُ فُلَانًا وَ نَفَضْتُ أَحْلَاسَهُ (tropical:) I have forsaken, or abandoned, such a one. (A, TA.) A2: الحِلْسُ The fourth of the arrows used in the game called المَيْسِر; (A 'Obeyd, S, K;) as also ↓ الحَلِسُ: (IF, K:) it has four notches, and four portions assigned to it if it be successful, and the forfeiture of four portions if unsuccessful. (Lh, TA.) حَلَسٌ: see حِلْسٌ.

الحَلِسُ: see حِلْسٌ.

أَرْضٌ مُحْلِسَةٌ (tropical:) Land covered with abundant herbage, as though with a حِلْس: (K, TA:) or altogether green. (Sh, TA.)

صد

أ1 صَدِئَ, (S, M, L, K,) aor. ـَ (L,) inf. n. صَدَأٌ, (S, M,) said of a horse, (K, TA,) and of a kid, (S, TA,) [or a goat,] He was of the colour termed صُدْأَة [i. e. sorrel inclining to blackness; or blackness intermixed, or tinged over, with redness; or a colour like that of the rust of iron; probably from the same verb in the sense next following]; (S, M, L, K, TA;) as also صَدُؤَ, (K,) aor. ـُ (TA; [and it is implied in the K that the latter verb is syn. with the former in all its senses;]) but the former verb is that which is commonly known, and that alone which is required by analogy as a verb denoting a colour, and the latter is not known to have been heard; (MF, TA;) and in the L it is said that the verb in this sense is صَدِئَ and ↓ اِصَّدَأَ, this latter [formed from اِصْطَدَأَ, originally اِصْتَدَأَ,] of the measure اِفْتَعَلَ. (TA.) b2: Also, (M, K,) صَدِئَ, (S, M, Msb, K,) aor. as above, (S, Msb, TA,) and so the inf. n., (S, TA,) said of iron, It was, or became, rusty, or rusted; (S, M, Msb, K;) in which sense it is said also of the like of iron. (M.) A2: and صَدِئَ said of a man, He stood erect, and looked. (K.) A3: صَدَأَ المِرْآةَ, aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. صَدْءٌ, (TK,) He polished the mirror, (K, TA,) i. e., removed from it the rust, (TA,) in order to use it as a collyrium; (K, TA;) as also ↓ صَدَّأَهَا, (K,) inf. n. تَصْدِئَةٌ. (TA.) [Whether the mirrors of the Arabs were made of bronze, or of what other metal they were made, is not said. See also 1 in art. حلأ.]

A4: And, aor. as above, said of an owl, He uttered a cry or cries. (Sh, TA. [See also art. صدو.]) 2 صَدَّاَ see the preceding paragraph.5 تصدّأ لَهُ, (K,) as also تصدّع له, (TA,) i. q. تصدّى له, (K, TA,) which is the original, meaning تعرّض له [i. e. He addressed, or applied, or directed, himself, or his regard, or attention, or mind, to him, or it; &c.]. (TA.) 8 اِصَّدَأَ: see 1, first sentence.

صَدَأٌ inf. n. of صَدِئَ [q. v.]. (S, M.) b2: Also [a subst.] signifying The rust of iron, (S, M, * TA,) and of copper and the like. (Har p. 481. [But there erroneously written صدآء.]) A2: Also A man slender in body; (K, TA;) light, or active, therein: its ء is said to be substituted for ع. (TA. [See صَدَعٌ; and see also صَدًى.]) صَدِئٌ [part. n. of صَدِئَ, q. v.]. b2: One says, يَدِى مِنَ الحَدِيدِ صَدِئَةٌ My hand is disagreeable in smell [from the rust of iron]. (S.) b3: and هُوَ صَاغِرٌ صَدِئٌ (assumed tropical:) He is one to whom disgrace, or shame, and baseness, or meanness, attach. (S, K.) b4: See also أَصْدَأُ.

صُدْأَةٌ, (S, M, K,) in a horse, (S, K,) and in a goat, or kid, (S,) A sorrel colour (شُقْرَةٌ) inclining to blackness, (M, K, TA,) the latter predominating: (TA:) or blackness intermixed, or tinged over, with redness [app. like the rust of iron]. (S.) أَصْدَأُ, (S, M, K,) applied to a horse, (K, TA,) or to a kid, (TA,) Of a sorrel colour (i. e. of the colour termed شُقْرَة) inclining to blackness, (M, K, TA,) the latter predominating: (TA:) or, applied to a horse, and to a goat, or kid, (S,) or applied to a kid, (K,) of a black colour intermixed, or tinged over, with redness [app. like the rust of iron]: (S, K:) fem. صَدْآءُ (S, M, K,) and ↓ صَدِئَةٌ. (M, L, TA.) And كُمَيْتٌ أَصْدَأُ [A bay, or dark bay, or brown, horse,] tinged over with dinginess. (S.) b2: Also Rusty, or rusted; applied to iron and the like. (M.) b3: And [hence] كَتِيبَةٌ صَدْآءُ, (M, and so in copies of the K,) or صَدْأًى, (K accord. to the TA,) and the former also, (TA,) [A body of troops having their arms or armour] overspread with the rust of iron. (M, K.) b4: and صَدْآءُ A land (أَرْضٌ) of which the stones are of a red colour inclining to blackness, and rugged, not even with the ground, these stones having beneath them [other] rough stones, or, sometimes, soil and stones. (Sh, L.)

صدأ
: ( {الصُّدْأَةُ، بالضمّ) من شِياتِ المَعز وَالْخَيْل وَهِي (شُقْرَةٌ) تَضْرِب (إِلى الــسَّوادِ) الغالِبِ وَقد (} صَدِىءَ الفَرَسُ) والجَدْي {يصْدَأُ} ويصْدُؤُ (كفَرِح وكَرُمَ) الأَوّل هُوَ الْمَشْهُور وَالْمَعْرُوف، وَالْقِيَاس لَا يَقْتَضِي غيرَه، لأَن أَفعال الأَلوان لَا تكَاد تخرج عَن فَعِلَ كفرح، ــوَعَلِيهِ اقْتصر الجوهريُّ وابنُ سَيّده وَابْن القُوطِيَّة، وابنُ القطَّاع مَعَ كَثْرَة جمعه للغرائب، وابنُ طَرِيف، وأَما الثَّانِي فَلَيْسَ بِمَعْرُوف سَمَاعا، وَلَا يَقْتَضِيهِ قِياسٌ، قَالَه شَيخنَا.
قلت: وَالَّذِي فِي (لِسَان الْعَرَب) أَن الْفِعْل مِنْهُ على وجْهَينِ صَدِيءَ يَصْدَأُ {وأَصْدَأَ} يُصْدىءُ أَي كفرِح وأَفْعَلَ وَلم يتعّرض لَهُ أَحدٌ، بل غَفل عَنهُ شَيخنَا مَعَ سَعة اطِّلاعه (وَهُوَ) أَي الفرسُ أَو الجَدْيُ (أَصْدَأْ) كأَحمرَ (وَهِي) أَي الأُنثى ( {صَدْآءُ) كحَمراءَ، وصَدِئَة، كَذَا فِي (الْمُحكم) و (لِسَان الْعَرَب) (و) } الصَّدَأُ مَهْمُوز مقصورٌ: الطَّبَعُ والدَّنَس يرْكَبانِ الحديدَ، وَقد صَديءَ (الحَدِيدُ) وَنَحْوه يَصْدَأُ صَدَأً وَهُوَ أَصْدَأُ (: علاَهُ) أَي ركِبه (الطَّبَعُ) بِالتَّحْرِيكِ (و) هُوَ (الوَسَخُ) كالدَّنَس وصَدَأُ الحَديد: وسَخُه، وَفِي الحَدِيث (إِنّ هَذِه القُلُوبَ! تَصْدَأُ كَمَا يَصْدَأُ الحَدِيدُ) وَهُوَ أَن يَركَبها الرَّيْنُ بِمُباشرةِ المَعَاصي والآثام، فَيَذْهب بِجَلائههِ كَمَا يَعلُو الصَّدَأُ وَجْهَ المِرآة والسَّيْفِ ونَحْوهِما.
(و) صدِيءَ (الرِجلُ) كفرِحَ، إِذا (انْتَصَبَ فنَظَر) .
(و) يُقَال ( {صَدَأَ المِرْآةَ كَمَنَعَ} وصَدَّأَهَا) {تَصْدِئَةً إِذا (جَلاَها) أَي أَزال عَنْهَا} الصَّدَأَ (لِيَكْتَحِلَ بِهِ) .
(و) يُقَال: (كَتِيبَةٌ {صَدْأَى) وجَأْوَاءُ إِذا (عَلَيْها) وَفِي بعض النّسخ: عِلْيَتُهَا مثل (صَدَأَ الحَدِيدِ) وَفِي بَعْضًا لنسخ: عَلاَها (ورجُلٌ صَدَأُ مُحرَّكةً) إِذا كَانَ (لِطِيف الجِسْمِ) .
وأَما مَا ذُكِر عَن عُمرَ رَضِي الله تَعَالَى عَنهُ أَنه سأَل الأُسْقُفَّ عَن الخُلَفاء، فحدَّثه، حَتَّى انْتهى إِلى نَعْتِ الرَّابع مِنْهُم، فَقَالَ: صَدَأٌ من حَدِيدٍ، ويروى صَدَعٌ مِن حَديد، أَرادَ دَوَامَ لُبْس الحديدِ لاتّصَال الحُروبِ فِي أَيَّام عليَ رَضِي الله تَعَالَى عَنهُ، وَمَا مُنِيَ بِهِ من مُقاتَلةِ الخَوارِجِ والبُغاةِ، ومُلاَبَسة الأُمورِ المُشْكِلة والخُطوب المُعْضِلة، وَلذَلِك قَالَ عُمر رَضِي الله عَنهُ: وَاذَفْراهُ تَضَجُّراً من ذَلِك واستفحاشاً. وَرَوَاهُ أَبو عبيدِ غَير مَهْمُوز، كأَنَّ الصَّدأَ لغةٌ فِي الصَّدَع، وَهُوَ اللطيفُ الجِسمِ، أَراد أَن عليًّا خفيفُ الجِسم يَخِفُّ إِلى الحُروب وَلَا يَكْسَلِ لشدَّة بأْسِه وشَجاعته. قَالَ: والصَّدَأُ أَشبهُ بِالْمَعْنَى، لأَن الصدَأَ لَهُ ذَفَرٌ، وَلذَلِك قَالَ عُمَر: وَاذَفْراه، وَهُوَ حِدَّةُ رائحةِ الشيءِ خَبيثاً كَانَ أَوْ طَيِّباً. قَالَ الأَزهريّ: وَالَّذِي ذَهب إِليه شَمِرٌ مَعناه حَسَنٌ: أَراد أَنه يَعْنِي عَلِيًّا حَفِيفٌ يَخِفُّ إِلى الْحَرْب فَلَا يَكسل وَهُوَ حَدِيدٌ لِشِدَّةِ بَأْسِه وشَجَاعته، قَالَ الله عزّ وجَلَّ {وَأَنزْلْنَا الْحَدِيدَ فِيهِ بَأْسٌ شَدِيدٌ} (الْحَدِيد: 25) .
(} والصَّدْآءُ كَسلْسَالِ وَيُقَال! الصَّدَّاءُ) بِالتَّشْدِيدِ (كَكَتَّانٍ: رَكيَّةٌ) قَالَه المُفضَّللا (أَو عَيْنٌ، مَا عِندهم أَعْذَبُ مِنْهَا) أَي من مَائِهَا (وَمِنْه) المَثَل الَّذِي روَاه المُنْذِرِيُّ عَن أَبي الْهَيْثَم (مَاءٌ وَلَا! كَصَدَّاءَ) بِالتَّشْدِيدِ والمَدّ، وَذكر أَن المثَل لِقَذُورَ بنتِ قيسِ بن خالدٍ الشيبانيِّ، وَكَانَت زَوجةَ لقيطِ بنِ زُرارة، فتزوّجها بعدَهُ رجلٌ من قَومهَا، فَقَالَ لَهَا يَوْمًا: أَنا أَجملُ أَم لقيطٌ؟ فَقَالَت: ماءٌ وَلَا كَصَدَّاء، أَي أَنت جميل وَلست مِثلَه، قَالَ المفضَّل: وفيهَا يَقُول ضِرارُ بنُ عَمْرو السعديُّ:
وَإِنّي وَتَهْيَامِي بِزَيْنَبَ كالَّذِي
يُحَاوِلُ مِنْ أَحْوَاضِ صَدَّاءَ مَشْرَبَا
قلت: ورَوَي المُبرّد فِي (الكامِل) هَذِه الحكايةَ بأَبسطَ من هَذَا.
وأَورد شيخُنا على المؤلّف فِي هَذِه المادةِ أُموراً.
مِنْهَا إِدخال أَل على صَدَّاءَ، وَهُوَ عَلَمٌ.
وَالثَّانِي وَزنه بسَلسال، فإِن وَزنه عِنْد أَهلِ الصرْف فنعال كَمَا قَالَه ابْن القَطَّاع وغيرُه وصَدَّاء وزنُها فَعْلاَء كحَمْراء، على رأْيِ مَن يَجعلُها من المهموز، انْتهى.
قلت: أَما الأَوَّل فظاهرٌ، وَقد تعقّب على الجوهريِّ بِمثلِهِ فِي س ل ع. ونصَّ المبرّدُ على مَنْعِه.
وأَما الثَّانِي فَفِي (لِسَان الْعَرَب) : قَالَ الأَزهريُّ: وَلَا أَدْرِي صَدَّاء فَعَّالاً أَو فَعْلاَء فإِن كَانَ فَعَّالاً فَهُوَ من صَدَأَ يَصدأُ أَو صَدِيءَ يَصْدَأُ، وَقَالَ شَمِر: صدأَ الْهَام يصدأُ إِذا صَاح وإِن كَانَ صَدَّاء فَعْلاَء فَهُوَ من المُضاعَف، كَقَوْلِهِم صَمَّاء من الصَّمم.
قلت: وسيأْتي فِي ص د د مَا يتَعَلَّق بِهَذَا إِن شاءَ الله تَعَالَى.
قَالَ شَيخنَا: وَحكى بعضُهم الضمَّ فِيهِ أَيضاً، وَفِي شرح الْخمر طَاشِيّة. بعد ذكرِ الْقَوْلَيْنِ: ويُقْصَرُ، اسمُ عَيْنٍ وَقيل: بِئْر، وَرِوَايَة المُبرد كَحْمَرَاء، والأَكثر على التشدِيد.
قلت: وَالَّذِي فِي سِياق عِبارة الْكَامِل التَّخْفِيف عَن الأَصمعي وأَبي عُبَيْدَة، وَكَذَلِكَ سَمِعَا عَن الْعَرَب، وأَنّ مَن ثَقَّل فقد أَخطأَ، ثمَّ قَالَ: وَفِي (شرح أَمالي القالي) : سُمِّيت بِهِ لأَنها تَصُدُّ مَن شَرِب مِنْهَا عَن غَيرهَا، وَفِي (شَرْح نوادِر القالي) : وَمِنْهُم من يَضُمُّ الصادَ، وأَنشد ابْن الأَعرابيّ:
كصَاحِب {صَدَّاءَ الَّذِي لَيْسَ رَائِياً
كَصَدَّاءَ مَاءً ذَاقَهُ الدَّهْرَ شَارِبُ
ثمَّ قَالَ: وَقَالَ ابْن يزِيد: إِنه لَا يَصِل إِليها إِلا بالمُزاحمة، لفَرْطِ حُسْنِها، كَالَّذي يَردُ هَذَا الماءَ فإِنه يُزَاحم عَلَيْهِ لِفَرْطِ عُذُوبَته، انْتهى.
(و) يُقَال (هُوَ صَاغِرٌ صَدِيءٌ) إِذا (لَزِمه العارُ واللَّوْمُ) وَيُقَال: يدِي من الْحَدِيد صَدِئَة أَي سَهِكَة (و) } صُدَاء (كَغُرابٍ: حيٌّ باليَمنِ) هُوَ صُدَاءُ بن حَرْب بن عُلَة بن جَلْد ابْن مَالك بن جَسْر من مَذْج (مِنْهُم زِيَادُ بنُ الْحَارِث) وَيُقَال: حَارِثَة، قَالَ البُخاري: والأَوَّلُ أَصحُّ، لَهُ وفادة وصُحبة وحَديثٌ طَويل أَخرجه أَحمد وَهُوَ (من أَذَّنَ فَهُو يُقِيمُ) ( {- الصُّدَائِيُّ) هَكَذَا فِي النّسخ، وَفِي (لِسَان الْعَرَب) والنّسبة إِليه} - صُدَاوِيُّ بِمَنْزِلَة الرُّهَاوِيّ، قَالَ: وَهَذِه المَدَّاة وإِن كَانَت فِي الأَصل ياءًا أَو واواً فإِنما تُجْعَل فِي النِّسبة واواً، كراهِيَةَ التقاءِ الياءَات، أَلاَ تَرَى أَنك تَقول رَحى ورَحَيانِ، فقد علمت أَن أَلف رَحى ياءٌ، وَقَالُوا فِي النِّسْبَة إِليها رَحَويٌّ لتِلْك العِلّة.
(و) فِي (نوادِر أَبي مِسْحَل) يُقَال (: تَصدَّأَ لَهُ) وتَصَدَّع لَهُ و (تَصَدَّى) لَهُ مُعتَلاً بِمَعْنى تَعَرَّض لَهُ، وأَصله الأَعلال، وإِنما هَمزوه فَصاحةً كرَثَأَتِ المرأَةُ زَوْجَها وَغير ذَلِك على قَول الفرَّاء.
(وجَدْيٌ أَصْدَأُ) وفرَسٌ أَصْدَأُ بَيِّنُ الصَّدَإِ إِذا كَانَ (أَسودَ) وَهُوَ (مُشْرَبٌ بِحُمْرَة) وَقد صَدِيءَ وعَنَاقٌ {صَدْآءُ، وَيُقَال: كُمَيْتٌ أَصْدَأُ إِذا عَلَتْه كُدْرَةٌ. وَعَن الأَصمعيّ فِي بَاب أَلوان الإِبل: إِذا خالطَ كُمْتَةَ البعيرِ مِثلُ} صَدَإٍ الحَدِيدِ فَهِيَ الحُوَّةُ، وَعَن شَمِرٍ: {الصَّدْآءُ على فَعْلاَءَ: الأَرضُ الَّتِي تَرى حَجَرَها أَصْدَأَ أَحْمَرَ تَضْرِب إِلى الــسَّواد، لَا تَكُون إِلا غَليظةً، وَلَا تكون مُستوِيةً بالأَرض، وَمَا تَحت حِجارةٍ الصَّدْآءِ أَرضٌ غليظةٌ، وربّما كَانَت طِيناً وحجارةً، كَذَا فِي (لِسَان الْعَرَب) .