درق

دَرَقٌ: see what next follows.

دَرَقَةٌ i. q. حَجَفَةٌ, (S, K, TA,) or تُرْسٌ, (Mgh,) [i. e. A shield,] made without wood and without sinews: (Mgh, TA:) or made of skins sewed one over another: (ISd and TA voce حَجَفَةٌ, q. v.:) pl. ↓ دَرَقٌ, (S, K,) [or rather this is a coll. gen. n.,] and [the pl. is] أَدْرَاقٌ [a pl. of pauc.] and دِرَاقٌ; (K;) this last mentioned by IDrd, who says, they are made of the skins of beasts found in the country of the Abyssinians, (TA,) [as are shields thus called in the present day: they are made of the skin of the hippopotamus, and of other pachydermatous animals; and sometimes of the skin of the crocodile; generally oval, with a large protuberance in the middle, behind which is the handle, and between a foot and a half and two feet in length.]

A2: Also A خَوْخَة [here meaning sluice] in a rivulet: an arabicized word, from [the Persian] دَرِيچَهْ. (K, TA.) This is what is meant by the saying of the lawyers, that the repairing of the درقة is incumbent on the owner of the rivulet. (TA.) دِرَّاقٌ: see what next follows.

دِرْيَاقٌ (S, K) and دَرْيَاقٌ (El-Hejeree, K) and ↓ دِرْيَاقَةٌ and ↓ دَرْيَاقَةٌ (K) and ↓ دِرَّاقٌ, (Fr, TA,) with kesr, like دِنَّارٌ &c., not دَرَّاقٌ, as it would seem to be from the manner in which it is mentioned in the K, (TA,) [and as it is written in the CK and my MS. copy of the K,] i. q. تِرْيَاقٌ [q. v.]. (S, K.) b2: Also, (K,) or ↓ دِرْيَاقَةٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) Wine; (K, TA;) as being likened to ترياق [properly so called: a meaning also borne by تِرْيَاقٌ and تِرْيَاقَةٌ]. (TA.) دِرْيَاقَةٌ and دَرْيَاقَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in three places.

دَوْرَقٌ A certain measure for wine, or beverage, (S, A, O, L,) containing the quantity to be drunk [at once]: a Persian word, [originally دَوْرَهْ or دُورَهْ,] arabicized: (L, TA:) [J says,] I think it to be Persian, arabicized: (S:) it is thus correctly written; not, as the context of the K requires it to be in this sense, دَرْدَقٌ. (TA.) b2: Also A jar having a loop-shaped handle, (K, TA,) that is lifted, or carried, by the hand: of the dial. of the people of Mekkeh: pl. دَوَارِقُ. (TA.) [In Egypt, it is applied to A narrownecked drinking-bottle, made of a dust-coloured, or grayish, porous earth, for the purpose of cooling the water by evaporation: several varieties of this kind of bottle are figured in ch. v. of my “ Modern Egyptians. ”]

دلف

1 دَلَفَ, (T, S, M, K,) aor. ـِ (T, M, K,) inf. n. دَلِيفٌ (T, S, M, K) and دَلَفٌ (T, M, K) and دَلْفٌ (K) and دَلَفَانٌ (M, K) and دُلُوفٌ, (M, TA,) He walked, or went, gently, or leisurely: (S, M:) said of an old man, (As, T, S, K,) he walked, or went, (As, T, S, M, K,) with short steps, (S, M,) or in the manner of him who is shackled, (K,) as some say, (M,) at a rate above that which is termed دَبِيبٌ, (As, T, M, K,) like as does the army, or body of troops, to the [other] army, or body of troops. (As, T.) You say, دَلَفَتِ الكَتِيبَةُ

إِلَى الكَتِيبَةِ فِى الحَرْبِ (T, S, * M, K *) meaning The army, or body of troops, went gently, or leisurely, to the [other] army, or body of troops, in war: (M:) or advanced, or went forward; syn. تَقَدَّمَت: (S, K:) [for] دَلَفٌ (T, M) accord. to A'Obeyd, or دَلْفٌ accord. to AA, (T,) signifies the act of advancing, or going forward; syn. تَقَدُّمٌ: (T, M:) and one says دَلَفْنَاهُمْ, (S, K,) or دَلَفْنَا لَهُمْ, (M, and so in one place in the TA,) meaning [as is implied in the S and K] we advanced to them; syn. تَقَدَّمْنَا: (M:) and دَلَفَ

إِلَيْهِ he drew near to him, or it. (TA.) دَلَفْتُ also signifies مَشَيْتُ [i.e. I walked; or went on foot, whether quickly or slowly]: (Ham p. 678:) and [in like manner,] إِلَيْهِ ↓ تدلّف signifies مَشَى

[he walked, &c., to him, or it]: (O, TA:) or this latter signifies تَمَشَّى [said in the TA, in art. مشى, to be syn. with مَشَى; but it rather signifies he walked with slow steps to him, or it]; and approached, or drew near: (S, K:) but A'Obeyd says that تَزَلَّفَ is more common. (M.) b2: Hence, the saying of a poet, دَلَفْتُ إِلَى صَمِيمِكَ بِالقَوَافِى

meaning (assumed tropical:) I have wounded thy heart with rhymes. (Ham ubi suprá.) b3: [The verb seems to bear two contr. significations; for it is said that]

دَلَفَ لِالْتِزَامِى means He hastened to take me by the hand and embrace me. (Har p. 368.) b4: دَلَفَ بِحِمْلِهِ, aor. ـِ inf. n. دَلِيفٌ, He (one carrying a thing) was heavily burdened, or overburdened, by his load [so that he went slowly]. (M.) b5: You say of a she-camel, تَدْلِفُ بِحَمْلِهَا, meaning She rises [app. with difficulty (see دَالِفٌ)] with her load. (T,* Ibn-'Abbád, K.) b6: And دَلَفَ المَالُ, aor. ـِ inf. n. دَلِيفٌ, The camels, or cattle, clave to the ground by reason of emaciation. (M, TA.) 4 ادلفهُ It (old age) made him to walk, or go, gently, or leisurely; with short steps; [or in the manner of him who is shackled; (see 1;)] at a rate above that which is termed دَبِيبٌ. (IAar, M.) A2: ادلف لَهُ القَوْلَ i. q. أَضْخَمَ لَهُ, (Ibn-'Abbád, K, *) He spoke to him in a rough, harsh, coarse, rude, uncivil, or ungentle, manner. (TK.) 5 تَدَلَّفَ see 1.7 اندلف عَلَىَّ i. q. اِنْصَبَّ [app. as meaning It poured out, or forth, upon me]. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) دِلْفٌ Courageous; brave; strong-hearted. (AA, T, K.) دُلُفٌ A she-camel (Ibn-'Abbád, K) that rises [app. with difficulty (see دَالِفٌ)] with her load. (T, Ibn-'Abbád, K.) b2: It is also a pl. of دَالِفٌ: (K:) and of دَلُوفٌ. (TA.) دُلْفِينٌ [The dolphin;] a certain fish, (T,) or beast, (S, K, [app. thus termed because it is a mammal,]) of the sea, (T, S, K,) that saves him who is drowning; (S, K;) also called دُخَسٌ; and abounding in the Sea of Dimyát [or Damietta]. (TA.) b2: الدُّلْفِينُ (assumed tropical:) [The constellation Delphinus;] one of the northern constellation, which comprises ten stars, and follows النَّسْرُ الطَّائِرُ

α and β and γ of Aquila]: the bright star on its tail is called ذَنَبُ الدُّلْفِينِ. (Kzw.) دَلُوفٌ (tropical:) A fat camel, that walks, or goes, gently, or leisurely, or with short steps, or in the manner of him who is shackled, by reason of his fatness: pl. دُلُفٌ, with two dammehs. (TA.) b2: And (tropical:) A palm-tree (نَخْلَةٌ) having much fruit. (TA.) b3: Also (assumed tropical:) A swift eagle: (IAar, M, K:) pl. دُلْفٌ [perhaps a contraction of دُلُفٌ, an analogous form of pl. (K.) [Thus it bears two contr. significtions]

دَالِفٌ An old man that walks, or goes, gently, or leisurely, or with short steps, or in the manner of him who is shackled: (TA:) walking with a heavy load, with short steps; (S, K;) like دَالِحٌ: (S:) pl. دُلَّفٌ (S, K) and دُلُفٌ (K) and دُلَّافٌ: (TA:) and دَوَالِفُ [as pl. of دَالِفَةٌ] is applied to old women. (TA.) b2: (assumed tropical:) Old, and rendered lowly, humble, or submissive, by age. (M.) b3: (tropical:) An arrow that hits a thing in the way to the butt, or object of aim, and then glances off from the place thereof. (S, K, TA.) مُتَدَلِّفٌ: see what follows.

مُنْدَلِفٌ and ↓ مُتَدَلِّفٌ A lion walking at his ease, (K, TA,) without haste, and with short steps, because of his presumptuousness, and lack of fear. (TA.)

(ح ص ن) : (الْحُصْنُ) بِالضَّمِّ الْعِفَّةُ وَكَذَا الْإِحْصَانُ وَأَصْلُ التَّرْكِيبِ يَدُلُّ عَلَى مَعْنَى الْمَنْعِ (وَمِنْهُ) الْحِصْنُ بِالْكَسْرِ وَهُوَ كُلُّ مَكَان مَحْمِيٍّ مُحْرَزٍ لَا يُتَوَصَّلُ إلَى مَا فِي جَوْفِهِ وَبِهِ سُمِّيَ وَالِدُ عُيَيْنَةَ بْنِ حِصْنٍ الْفَزَارِيِّ وَكَنَّازُ بْنُ حِصْنٍ الْغَنَوِيُّ (وَبِتَصْغِيرِهِ) سُمِّيَ حُصَيْنُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ فِي حَدِيثِ الْقِرْطَاسِ (وَحُضَيْنٌ) تَصْحِيفٌ وَأَمَّا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ حُصَيْنٍ كَمَا ذَكَرَ خُوَاهَرْ زَادَهْ فِي حَدِيثِ صَوْمِ التَّطَوُّعِ وَقَالَ ضَعَّفَهُ الشَّافِعِيُّ - رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ - فَالصَّوَابُ سُفْيَانُ بْنُ حُسَيْنٍ بِالسِّينِ كَمَا ذَكَرَ فِي تَارِيخِ الْبُخَارِيِّ وَهُوَ مُؤَدِّبُ الْمَهْدِيِّ وَقَالَ صَاحِبُ الْجَرْحِ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ مَعِينٍ هُوَ ثِقَةٌ وَعَنْ وَالِدِهِ هُوَ صَالِحُ الْحَدِيثِ يُكْتَبُ حَدِيثُهُ وَلَا يُحْتَجُّ بِهِ وَقَدْ حَصُنَ الْمَكَانُ حَصَانَةً فَهُوَ حَصِينٌ (وَبِهِ) كُنِّيَ أَبُو حَصِينٍ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عَاصِمٍ بْنِ الْحُصَيْنِ الْأَسَدِيُّ عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَابْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ وَالنَّخَعِيِّ وَعَنْهُ الثَّوْرِيُّ وَشُعْبَةُ وَشَرِيكٌ وَضَمُّ الْحَاءِ تَحْرِيفٌ عَنْ ابْنِ مَاكُولَا وَغَيْرِهِ وَفِي نُسْخَةِ سَمَاعِي مِنْ السِّيَرِ وَمَتْنِ الْأَحَادِيثِ أَبُو الْحُصَيْنِ عَنْ الشَّعْبِيِّ وَعَنْهُ الثَّوْرِيُّ وَهُوَ فِي بَابِ مَبْعَثِ السَّرَايَا وَحَصَّنَهُ صَاحِبُهُ (وَأَحْصَنَهُ) (وَمِنْهُ) {لِتُحْصِنَكُمْ مِنْ بَأْسِكُمْ} [الأنبياء: 80] أَيْ لِتَمْنَعَكُمْ وَتُحْرِزَكُمْ وَإِنَّمَا قِيلَ لِلْعِفَّةِ حُصْنٌ لِأَنَّهَا تُحْصِنُ مِنْ الرِّيبَةِ (وَامْرَأَةٌ حَاصِنٌ وَحَصَانٌ) بِالْفَتْحِ وَقَدْ أُحْصِنَتْ إذَا عَفَّتْ وَأَحْصَنَهَا زَوْجُهَا إذَا عَفَّهَا فَهِيَ مُحْصَنَةٌ بِالْفَتْحِ وَأَحْصَنَتْ فَرْجَهَا فَهِيَ مُحْصِنَةٌ بِالْكَسْرِ وَأُرِيدَ بِالْمُحْصَنَاتِ ذَوَاتُ الْأَزْوَاجِ فِي قَوْله تَعَالَى {وَالْمُحْصَنَاتُ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ إِلا مَا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ} [النساء: 24] وَالْحَرَائِرُ فِي قَوْله تَعَالَى {وَمَنْ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ مِنْكُمْ طَوْلا أَنْ يَنْكِحَ الْمُحْصَنَاتِ} [النساء: 25] وَالْعَفَائِفُ فِي قَوْله تَعَالَى {وَالْمُحْصَنَاتُ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنَاتِ وَالْمُحْصَنَاتُ مِنَ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْكِتَابَ} [المائدة: 5] يَعْنِي الْكِتَابِيَّاتِ وَشَرَائِطُ الْإِحْصَانِ فِي بَابِ الرَّجْمِ عِنْدَ أَبِي حَنِيفَةَ - رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ - سِتَّةٌ الْإِسْلَامُ وَالْحُرِّيَّةُ وَالْعَقْلُ وَالْبُلُوغُ وَالتَّزَوُّجُ بِنِكَاحٍ صَحِيحٍ وَالدُّخُولُ وَفِي بَابِ الْقَذْفِ الْأَرْبَعُ الْأُوَلُ وَالْعِفَّةُ (وَالْحِصَانُ) بِالْكَسْرِ الذَّكَرُ مِنْ الْخَيْلِ إمَّا لِأَنَّ ظَهْرَهُ كَالْحِصْنِ لِرَاكِبِهِ (وَمِنْهُ)
إنَّ الْحُصُونَ الْخَيْلُ لَا مَدَرُ الْقُرَى
وَإِمَّا لِأَنَّ مَاءَهُ مُحْصَنٌ مُحْرَزٌ يُضَنُّ بِهِ فَلَا يَنْزِي إلَّا عَلَى حَجَرٍ كَرِيمَةٍ وَالْجَمْعُ بِضَمَّتَيْنِ حُصُنٌ (فِي الْحَدِيثِ) «مَنْ أَحْصَاهَا دَخَلَ الْجَنَّةَ» أَيْ مَنْ ضَبَطَهَا عِلْمًا وَإِيمَانًا بَيْعُ الْحَصَاةِ فِي (ن ب) .

حصن

1 حَصُنَ, (Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (K, TA,) inf. n. حَصَانَةٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb, TA,) said of a حِصْن [or fortress], (S,) or of a place, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) i. q. مَنُعَ, [for which the CK erroneously substitutes وَمَنَعَ, after كَكَرُمَ, as though the verb were حَصُنَ and حَصَنَ,] (K, TA,) [i. e.] It was, or became, مَنِيع [meaning inaccessible, or unapproachable, or difficult of access]; it was, or became, unattainable, by reason of its height; (Msb;) it was fortified, or protected against attack, so that one could not gain access to what was within it. (Mgh.) b2: Hence, (Mgh,) حَصُنَتْ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (K,) inf. n. حُصْنٌ (S, Mgh, K) and حَصْنٌ and حِصْنٌ (K) and حَصَانَةٌ; (S, * Msb, * TA;) and ↓ أَحْصَنَتْ, (S, Mgh, K,) inf. n. إِحْصَانٌ; (Mgh;) and ↓ تحصّنت; (K;) said of a woman, She was, or became, continent, or chaste; or she abstained from what was not lawful nor decorous; syn. عَفَّتْ: (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) or she was, or became, married; or she had a husband; (K;) as also حَصَنَتْ and ↓ أُحْصِنَتْ: (Ham p. 101, in which حَصُنَتْ is likewise mentioned in this sense:) or ↓ أَحْصَنَتْ signifies she was, or became, pregnant; (K;) as though pregnancy protected her from a man's going in to her. (TA.) A2: حَصَنَهُ, inf. n. حَصْنٌ, He preserved, or guarded, him, or it, in places inaccessible, or unapproachable, or difficult of access, as in a حِصْن [or fortress]. (TA.) [See also 2 and 4.]2 حصّنهُ, [inf. n. تَحْصِينٌ;] and ↓ احصنهُ; He made it, or rendered it, inaccessible, or unapproachable, or difficult of access; (Msb, K;) he made it, or rendered it, unattainable, by reason of its height; (Msb;) he fortified it, or protected it against attack, so that one could not gain access to what was within it; (Mgh;) namely, a place. (Mgh, Msb.) حَصَّنْتُ القَرْيَةَ I built a wall around the town, or village. (S.) b2: For the former verb, see also 4.

A2: And see 5.4 احصنهُ: see 2. b2: Also He, (God,) or it, (a coat of mail [or the like],) protected, or defended, him. (Fr, Mgh, * TA.) b3: العِفَّةُ تُحْصِنُ مِنَ الرِّيبَةِ [Continence, or chastity, preserves from suspicion, or evil opinion]. (Mgh.) b4: الَّتِى أَحْصَنَتْ فَرْجَهَا, in the Kur [xxi. 91 and lxvi. last verse], means Who preserved her pudendum from that which is unlawful or indecorous; (Zj, Mgh, * TA;) who abstained from what is unlawful or indecorous; or was continent, or chaste. (Msb.) b5: احصن المَرْأَةَ He (her husband) caused the woman to abstain from that which is unlawful or indecorous, or to be continent or chaste; (S, Mgh, K; *) as also ↓ حَصَّنَهَا. (K.) And احصنهُ التَّزَوُّجُ [Marriage caused him to abstain from that which is unlawful &c.]. (K.) b6: [Also He married the woman; i. e. gave her in marriage.] See أُحْصِنَتْ above, in the first paragraph. In the Kur iv. 30, some read فَإِذَا أُحْصِنَّ, meaning And when they are married. (S, TA.) And a poet says, أَحْصَنُوا أُمَّهُمُ مِنْ عَبْدِهِمْ تِلْكَ أَفْعَالُ القِزَامِ الوَكَعَهْ i. e. They married [their mother to their slave: such are the deeds of the mean, the base]. (S.) A2: أَحْصَنَتْ, intrans.: see 1, in two places. b2: In the Kur iv. 30, some read فَإِذَا أَحْصَنَّ; and accord. to Ibn-Mes'ood, this, said of female slaves, means And when they are Muslimehs. (TA.) Accord. to Aboo-Haneefeh, الإِحْصَانُ in a case of stoning involves six conditions; The being a Muslimeh, and free, and of sound intellect, and of the age of puberty, and validly married, and having had her marriage consummated: and in a case of charging with adultery, the being a Muslimeh, and free, and of sound intellect, and of the age of puberty, and continent, or chaste. (Mgh.) b3: And أحْصَنَ He (a man, S, Msb) married, or took a wife. (S, Msb, K.) With the lawyers, إِحْصَانٌ meansThe act of coïtus conjugalis in a case of valid marriage; and accord. to Esh-Sháfi'ee, by a free man who has attained to puberty, and in the case of a free woman who has attained to puberty, among the Muslims and the believers in a plurality of gods; meaning, in a case of valid marriage. (Msb.) 5 تحصّن, said of the enemy, (S, TA,) [He fortified himself: or] he entered the [or a] حِصْن [or fortress]: or protected himself by it: or took it, or made it, as a place of abode. (TA.) b2: and hence, He guarded, or protected, himself in any way. (TA.) b3: See also 1. b4: Also He (a horse, TA) became a حِصَان, (K,) i. e. a stallion, or fit to cover: (TA voce رَاحَ:) or affected to be so: (Az, TA:) [and so ↓ حَصَّنَ or حُصِّنَ; for] a horse in this case is said to bear evidence of التَّحَصُّن and التَّحْصِين. (S, * K, TA.) حِصْنٌ [A fortress; a fort; a fortified place;] a place of which the interior is inaccessible; (K;) any place that is fortified, or protected against attack, so that one cannot gain access to what is within it; (Mgh;) a place that is unattainable, by reason of its height; (Msb;) a fortified city: (TA:) pl. [of mult.] حُصُونٌ (S, Msb, K) and حِصَنَةٌ and [of pauc.] أَحْصَانٌ. (K.) [Hence,] أَبُو الحِصْنِ: see أَبُو الحُصَينِ, below. [Hence, also,] خَيْلُ العَرَبِ حُصُونُهَا ذُكُرُهَا وَإِنَاثُهَا (tropical:) [The horses of the Arabs are their حُصُون; the males thereof and the females thereof]. (TA.) A man said to 'Abd-Allah Ibn-El-Hasan, “My father has left the third of his property for the حُصُون: ” and he replied “ Buy thou horses: ” so in the A: in the M, “Buy thou therewith horses, and mount [men] on them [to fight] in the cause of God. ” (TA.) b2: [Hence, also,] (tropical:) Arms. (K, TA.) Yousay, جَآءَ يَحْمِلُ حِصْنًا (tropical:) He came bearing arms. (TA.) b3: Also The [new moon; or the moon when it is termed] هِلَال: in the K, الهَلَاكُ is erroneously put for الهِلَالُ. (TA.) حَصْنَآءُ: see what next follows.

حَصَانٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and ↓ حَاصِنٌ (S, Mgh, K) and ↓ حَاصِنَةٌ (K) and ↓ حَصْنَآءُ (S, K) and ↓ مُحْصِنَةٌ (Th, S, Mgh, Msb, K) and ↓ مُحْصَنَةٌ, (Th, S, Msb, K,) applied to a woman, Continent, or chaste; or abstaining from what is not lawful nor decorous, (Th, S, Mgh, Msb, K,) or from that which induces suspicion or evil opinion: (Sh and TA in explanation of the first of these epithets:) or married; having a husband: (K:) or حَصَانٌ has both of these significations: (Ham p. 101:) and accord. to Th, (S,) ↓ مُحْصَنَةٌ, with fet-h only, has the latter signification; (S, Mgh, * Msb; *) and means caused to be continent or chaste, or to abstain from that which is unlawful or indecorous, by her husband: (Mgh: [and the same is implied in the S:]) and this epithet is also applied to a woman emancipated: and to one having become a Muslimeh: (Az, TA:) [certain particular applications of ↓ مُحْصِنَةٌ have been implicatively shown above: see 4:] the pl. of حَصَانٌ is حُصُنٌ and حَصَانَاتٌ: and the pl. of ↓ حَاصِنٌ and ↓ حَاصِنَةٌ is حَوَاصِنُ and حَاصَنَاتٌ: the former of which (حواصن) also signifies pregnant, (K,) applied to women: (TA:) the pl. محصنات, in the first instance of its occurrence in ch. iv. [verse 28] of the Kur, is read by all ↓ مُحْصَنَات, (A 'Obeyd, TA,) meaning having husbands; (A 'Obeyd, Mgh, Msb, TA;) because when such women are made captives, their marriage-tie is cut: but in other instances, some read thus, understanding it in the sense last explained; and others read ↓ مُحْصِنَات, as meaning that have become Muslimehs: (A 'Obeyd, TA:) in the Kur iv. 29, it means free women: and in the Kur v. 7, continent, or chaste, women: (Mgh: [in the Msb, it is said to have the latter of these last two meaning in 4:25, and the former of them in 5:5:]) ↓ مُحْصَنَات is the more common in the language of the Arabs. (Fr, TA.) b2: حَصَانٌ also signifies A pearl, or a large pearl; syn. دُرَّةٌ: (K:) because it is protected in the interior of the shell that contains it. (TA.) حِصَانٌ A generous, or high-bred, horse, (Msb, K,) of whose seed one is niggardly: (K:) or a male horse: (Mgh, K:) or this latter is a secondary meaning, originating from frequency of usage: (S, Msb:) or a stallion horse; or one fit to cover: (TA voce رَاحَ:) the حِصَان is. so called because he preserves his rider: (TA:) or because his back is like the حِصْن to his rider; (Mgh, Msb;) wherefore horses are called حُصُونٌ: (Mgh:) or because one is niggardly of his seed, so that he is not made to cover any but a generous mare: (S, Mgh, Msb:) pl. حُصُنٌ. (Mgh, Msb, K.) حَصِبينٌ, applied to a place, (Msb, TA,) or to a حِصْن [or fortress], (S,) Inaccessible, or unapproachable, or difficult of access; syn. مَنِيعٌ; (Msb, K; *) [unattainable, by reason of its height; fortified, or protected against attack, so that one cannot gain access to what is within it; (see حَصُنَ, of which it is the part. n.;)] a building that protects him who has recourse to it for refuge. (Sb, TA.) b2: هُوَ الحَصِينُ أَنْ يُرَامَ, meaning مِنْ أَنْ يُرَامَ ↓ أَحْصَنُ: see (near its end) the first paragraph in art. ال. b3: دِرْعٌ (K) and حَصِينَةٌ (Sh, K) A coat of mail firmly, strongly, or compactly made: (K:) or trusty, or trusted in, having the rings [for الخلق in the L and TA, I read الحَلَق,] near together; such that weapons produce no effect upon it: (Sh, L, TA:) so called because it is [as] a حِصْن to the body. (Er-Rághib, TA.) حُصَيْنٌ dim. of حِصْنٌ. b2: Hence,] أَبُوالحُصَيْنِ The fox; syn. الثَّعْلَبُ; (S, K;) so called because of his protecting himself from causes of harm by his acuteness; (Har p. 663;) as also أَبُو

↓ الحِصْنِ. (M, K.) حَاصَنٌ and حَاصِنَةٌ: see حَصَانٌ, in four places. b2: The latter also signifies A man's wife: and so حَاضِنَةٌ. (TA.) أَحْصَنُ [More, and most, strongly fortified, or protected against attack]. (TA in art. لوم.) See also حَصِينٌ.

مُحْصَنٌ Wheat stored up. (TA in art. عسى.) b2: A man caused, by marriage, to abstain from that which is unlawful or indecorous, or to be continent or chaste; expl. by قَدْ أَحْصَنَهُ التَّزَوُّجُ. (K.) And A man married, or having a wife; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ مُحْصِنٌ: (Zj, Msb:) the former anomalous [if أُحْصِنَ be not allowable as meaning, like أَحْصَنَ, “he married,” or “ took a wife: ” but see 1 and 4]. (S, Msb.) For the fem., مُحْصَنَةٌ, and its pl., مُحْصَنَاتٌ, see حَصَانٌ, in four places.

مُحْصِنٌ: see مُحْصَنٌ: and for the fem., مُحْصِنَةٌ, and its pl., مُحْصِنَاتٌ, see حَصَانٌ, in three places.

مِحْصَنٌ A lock; syn. قُفْلٌ. (K.) b2: The piece of iron that extends upwards upon the nose of the horse, having its base in the كِعَامَة, which is the iron thing that embraces, or clasps, (تَلْتَقِمُ,) the muzzle of the horse. (IDrd in his book on the Saddle and Bridle, pp. 8-9.) [Jac. Schultens, as cited in Freytag's Lex., explains it as Ferramentum quoddam in fræno equi et frænum ipsum.]

b3: A [basket of the kind called] زَبِيل: (K:) one should not say مِحْصَنَةٌ. (TA.)

برقش

Q. 1 برْقَشَهُ, (S, A, TA,) inf. n. بَرْقَشَةٌ, (TA,) He variegated it with divers, or different, colours; (S, TA;) from أَبُو بَرَاقِشَ, the bird so called: (S:) or he adorned him, or it. (A.) [See also بَرْقَشَةٌ, below.] b2: Hence, بَرْقَشَ قَوْلَهُ (assumed tropical:) He embellished his saying. (Har p. 235.) Q. 2 تَبَرْقَشَ He adorned himself (A, K) with various colours. (K.) You say, تَبَرْقَشَ لَنَا He adorned himself with various colours for us: (K:) or with various colours of every kind. (TA.) And تَبَرْقَشَتْ She assumed various colours: or she varied in dispositions: syn. تَلَوَّنَتْ. (A.) and تبرقش البَيْتُ The house, or chamber, or tent, became variegated. (TA.) And تبرقشت البِلَادُ The countries became adorned with various colours; from أَبُو بَرَاقِشَ. (TA.) بِرْقِشٌ A certain bird, (S, K,) different from that called أَبُو بَرَاقِشَ, (K, accord. to the TA, [ for we there read طَائِرٌ آخَرُ; the bird called ابو براقش having been mentioned before; but in the CK, in the place of آخَرُ, we find أَخْضَرُ, i. e., green;]) of small size, (S, TA,) that assumes various colours, of the kind called حُمَّر, (TA,) like the sparrow, (S, TA,) and called شُرْشُورٌ (S, K) by the people of El-Hijáz: (S, TA:) but Az states his having heard certain of the Arabs of the desert call it ابو براقش. (TA.) بَرْقَشَةٌ The diversity of colour of that which is termed أَرْقَشُ. (K.) [See also 1.]

أَبُو بَرَاقِشَ A certain bird that assumes various colours; (S;) a small wild bird, like the قَنْفُذ [or hedge-hog, but قُنْفُذ is probably a mistranscription for قُنْبُر, or lark], the upper part of whose feathers is dust-coloured (أَغْبَرُ, as in the K, accord. to the TA), or white (أَغَرُّ, as in some copies of the K), and the middle red, and the lower part black, so that when it is roused, or provoked, it ruffles its feathers and becomes variously changed in colour: (Lth, K:) or a certain bird that is found in the trees called عِضَاه, and the colour of which is between blackness and whiteness, having six قَوَادِم [or primary feathers], three on each side, heavy in the rump, that makes a noise with its wings when it flies, and assumes various colours: (IKh:) a certain variegated bird. (TA in art. ابو.) b2: .) b3: [Hence,] هُوَ أَبُو بَرَاقِشَ (assumed tropical:) He is varying, or variable, in dispositions. (A, TA.) الجَارُ البَرَاقِشِيُّ The neighbour that is variable in his actions; like الجَارُ اليَرْبُوعِىىُّ. (IAar Ta in art. جور.]

فتح

1 فَتَحَ, (S, A, MA, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. فَتْحٌ, (Msb,) He opened, (MA,) i. q. فَرَجَ, (Msb,) and [app. he unlocked,] contr. of أَغْلَقَ, (Msb, K,) a door; (S, A, MA, Msb;) and so ↓ فتّح, and ↓ افتتح; (K;) or you say ↓ فَتَّحْتُ الأَبْوَابَ [I opened the doors], this verb being with teshdeed to denote multiplicity [of the objects]; (S;) and ↓ استفتح signifies the same as ↓ افتتح; (S, * K;) i. e. each of these signifies he opened a door; (TK;) you say الشَّىْءَ ↓ اِسْتَفْتَحْتُ and ↓ اِفْتَتَحْتُهُ [I opened the thing; and the former signifies also I sought, or demanded, the opening of the thing]; (S, TA;) and البَابَ ↓ جَآءَ يَسْتَفْتِحُ [He came opening the door; or seeking, or demanding, the opening of the door; the latter being the more obvious meaning]. (A, TA.) b2: [Hence,] one says, فُلَانٌ لَا يُفْتَحُ العَيْنُ عَلَى مِثْلِهِ [Such a one, the eye will not be opened upon the like of him]. (A.) b3: And فَتَحْتُ القَنَاةَ, inf. n. as above, I opened the conduit, in order that the water might run, and irrigate the seed-produce. (Msb.) b4: And فَتَحَ بَيْنَ رِجْلَيْهِ [He made an opening between his legs; he parted his legs; like فَرَجَ بَيْنَهُمَا]. (S in art. رهو.) b5: And فَتَحَ أَصَابِعَ رِجْلَيْهِ [app. He parted his toes; if not a mistake for فَتَخَ, as it seems probably to be from the fact of its being expl. as meaning] he inclined the ends of his toes towards the back, i. e. the upper part, of his foot. (Mgh.) b6: فَتَحَتْ, said of a she-camel, [and of a sheep or goat (see فَتُوحٌ),] She had wide orifices to her teats; as also ↓ افتحت; (S, K;) and ↓ افتتحت. (TK: but this I do not find in the K.) b7: [The following meanings are tropical.] b8: فَتَحَ, (A, Msb, TA,) inf. n. فَتْحٌ; (K;) and ↓ افتتح; (K, TA;) (tropical:) [He laid open by invasion, to (عَلَى) such a person, or such a people, (see an ex. voce طَرَفٌ,) i. e.] he conquered, won, or took by force, (Msb,) a country (A, Msb, K, TA) of the unbelievers, (A, TA,) or of a people with whom there was war. (K, TA.) b9: [فَتَحَهُ لَهُ (assumed tropical:) He granted it, permitted it, allowed it, or made it to be unrestricted, to him. See Ksh and Bd in xxxv. 2.] b10: فَتَحَ المُشْكِلَ (assumed tropical:) He explained, or made clear, that which was dubious, or confused. (Bd in vii. 87.) And اِفْتَحْ سِرَّكَ عَلَىَّ لَا عَلَى فُلَانٍ (tropical:) [Open, or reveal, thy secret to me; not to such a one]. (A, TA.) b11: [Hence,] فَتَحَ عَلَيْهِ (tropical:) He taught him, informed him, or acquainted him. (TA.) [You say, فَتَحَ عَلَيْهِ بِكَذَا (assumed tropical:) He taught him such a thing, informed him of it, or acquainted him with it.] b12: And hence, (TA,) (tropical:) [He prompted him; i. e.] he recited to him (namely, an Imám, A, Msb, or a reciter, A, TA) what he was unable to utter [by reason of forgetfulness], in order that he might know it. (Msb, TA. *) And فَتَحَ عَلَى مَنِ اسْتَقْرَأَهُ (tropical:) [He recited something to him who desired him to do so, the latter being unable to do it]. (TA.) b13: And, said of God, (tropical:) He aided him against his enemy; or made him to be victorious, to conquer, or to overcome; syn. نَصَرَهُ. (A, Msb.) b14: فُتِحَ عَلَى فُلَانٍ (tropical:) Such a one became fortunate; possessed of good fortune; favoured by the world, or by worldly circumstances. (A, TA.) b15: فَتَحَ اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِمْ فُتُوحًا كَثِيرَةً (tropical:) is said of persons who have been rained upon [as meaning God bestowed upon them many, or abundant, first rains]. (A.) b16: فَتَحَ بَيْنَهُمْ, (A,) or بَيْنَ النَّاسِ, (Msb,) or بَيْنَ الخَصْمَيْنِ, (K,) inf. n. فَتْحٌ, (T, Msb, K,) and فُتَاحَةٌ (S, * K) and فِتَاحَةٌ are syn. therewith [app. as inf. ns.], (K,) and فُتُوحَةٌ and فِتَاحٌ, (L,) in the dial. of Himyer, (TA,) He judged (T, Msb, K, TA) between them, (A,) or between the men, (Msb,) or between the two litigants. (K.) You say, اِفْتَحْ بَيْنَنَا Judge thou between us: (S:) thus in the Kur vii. 87. (TA.) And مَا أَحْسَنَ فِتَاحَتَهُ How good is his judging, or judgment ! (A.) b17: [فَتَحَ الحَرْفَ, a conventional phrase in grammar and lexicology, He pronounced the letter with the vowel-sound termed فَتْح: and he marked the letter with the sign of that vowel-sound.]2 فتّح: see 1, first sentence, in two places. b2: [Also, said of a medicine &c., It opened the bowels; acted as an aperient: and it removed obstructions: see the act. part. n.]3 فاتحهُ [He addressed him first]. One says, المُلُوكُ لَا تُفَاتَحُ بِالكَلَامِ (tropical:) [Kings shall not be addressed first with speech]. (A.) b2: And, (A, K, * TA,) inf. n. مُفَاتَحَةٌ and فِتَاحٌ, (assumed tropical:) He commenced a dispute, debate, discussion, or controversy, with him: (TA:) or (tropical:) he summoned him to the judge, and litigated with him. (A, K, * TA.) b3: And فاتحهُ signifies also (tropical:) He bargained with him and gave him nothing: in the case of his giving him, one says فاتكهُ. (IAar, TA; and O and K in art. فتك.) b4: And فاتح (assumed tropical:) He compressed (K, TA) his wife. (TA.) b5: [Also (assumed tropical:) He rendered a thing easy: b6: and (assumed tropical:) He was liberal. (Freytag, from the Deewán of the Hudhalees.)]4 أَفْتَحَ see 1, in the second quarter of the paragraph.5 تَفَتَّحَ see 7, in three places. [Hence,] تفتّح النَّوْرُ The blossom [or blossoms] opened. (MA.) and تفتّح الأَكِمَّةُ عَنِ النَّوْرِ The calyxes burst open [from over the blossoms, so as to disclose them]. (TA.) b2: [تفتّح فِى الكَلَامِ is like our phrase (assumed tropical:) He showed off, or made an ostentatious display, in speech, or talk.] And you say, تفتّح بِمَا عِنْدَهُ مِنْ مَالٍ أَوْ أَدَبٍ (L, in the K مِنْ مُلْكٍ وَأَدَبٍ,) (assumed tropical:) He boasted of, or boasted himself in, or made a vain display of, what he had, or possessed, of wealth, or of good education, or polite accomplishments: (L, K: *) and تفتّح بِهِ عَلَيْنَا (assumed tropical:) He boasted of it, or boasted himself in it, against us. (L.) 6 تَفَاتَحَا كَلَامًا بَيْنَهُمَا (assumed tropical:) They two talked together with a suppressed voice, exclusively of others [i. e. so as not to be heard by others]. (K.) 7 انفتح quasi-pass. of فَتَحَ, said of a door, (S, A, Msb, TA,) It opened, or became opened or open; (Msb;) as also ↓ تفتّح: (TA:) or the latter is quasi-pass. of فَتَّحَ, so that you say, الأَبْوَابُ ↓ تَفَتَّحَتِ [The doors opened, or became opened or open]. (S.) b2: And انفتح عَنْهُ It (anything) became removed from over it, or from before it, (i. e. another thing,) so as to disclose it, or expose it to view. (TA.) [And ↓ تفتّح has a similar meaning, but is properly said of a number of things.]8 إِفْتَتَحَ see 1, first sentence, in three places; and again, in the second quarter of the paragraph, in two places. b2: One says also, افتتح الصَّلَاةَ (tropical:) (A, MA) He opened, or commenced, prayer: (MA:) اِفْتِتَاحُ الصَّلَاةِ meaning (tropical:) The saying اَللّٰهُ أَكْبَرْ the first time [in prayer, i. e., before the first recitation of the Opening Chapter of the Kur-án]. (TA.) And اِفْتَتَحْتُهُ بِكَذَا (assumed tropical:) I commenced it with such a thing. (Msb.) And مَا أَحْسَنَ مَا افْتُتِحَ عَامُنَا بِهِ (tropical:) [How good is that with which our year has commenced !]; said when the sign, or token, [or prognostic,] of plenty, or abundance of herbage, has appeared. (A, TA.) 10 إِسْتَفْتَحَ see 1, first sentence, in three places. b2: آتِى بَابَ الجَنَّةِ فَأَسْتَفْتِحُ is a saying of Mohammad, meaning I shall come to the gate of Paradise and seek, or demand, or ask for, the opening thereof. (El-Jámi' es-Sagheer, the first of the trads. mentioned therein, and thus expl. in the margin of a copy of that work.) b3: استفتحهُ القُرْآنَ (tropical:) He desired, or asked, him to explain the Kur-án. (MA.) b4: استفتحهُ الإِمَامُ (tropical:) [The Imám desired, or asked, him to prompt him; i. e., to recite to him what he was unable to utter by reason of forgetfulness: see فَتَحَ عَلَيْهِ]. (A, TA.) b5: And استفتح signifies also (assumed tropical:) He sought, desired, demanded, or asked, aid against an enemy, or victory. (S, Msb, K.) One says, استفتح بِهِمْ (assumed tropical:) He sought, &c., aid, or victory, by means of them. (L, from a trad.) And استفتح اللّٰهَ (tropical:) (A, TA) He desired, or asked, God to grant aid, or victory, (TA,) لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ عَلَى الكُفَّارِ [to the Muslims against, or over, the unbelievers]. (A.) b6: Also (assumed tropical:) He sought, desired, demanded, or asked, judgment. (L.) فَتْحٌ inf. n. of فَتَحَ [q. v.]. (Msb, &c.) b2: [As a subst.,] (tropical:) Conquest of a country: (K, TA:) pl. فُتُوحٌ (TA) [and pl. pl. فُتُوحَاتٌ]. يَوْمٌ الفَتْحِ means particularly (assumed tropical:) The day of the conquest of Mekkeh: (L:) and also (assumed tropical:) The day of resurrection. (Mujáhid, L.) b3: (assumed tropical:) Aid against an enemy; or victory; syn. نَصْرٌ; as also ↓ فَتَاحَةٌ. (K.) b4: (assumed tropical:) Means of subsistence, with which God gives aid: pl. as above. (TA.) b5: (tropical:) The first of the rain called الوَسْمِىّ; (L, K;) as also ↓ فَتُوحٌ [which see again in what follows]: (K:) or the first of any rain; as also ↓ فُتْحَةٌ: (L:) pl. of the first فُتُوحٌ, (A,) or ↓ فَتُوحٌ, with fet-h to the ف, (L,) [see the mention of this voce فَيْحٌ,] but MF strongly reprobates this latter form, and observes that فَعُولٌ as a pl. measure is absolutely unknown. (TA.) One says, أَصَابَتِ الأَرْضُ فُتُوحٌ (tropical:) [First rains fell upon the land]. (A.) b6: (tropical:) Water running (S, K, TA) from a spring or other source: (S, TA:) or water running upon the surface of the earth: (AHn, TA:) or water for which a channel is opened to a tract of land for its irrigation thereby: (L:) or a river, or rivulet, or canal of running water. (T, TA.) مَا سُقِىَ بِالفَتْحِ فَفِيهِ العُشْرُ, and مَا سُقِىَ فَتْحًا, (L,) فَتْحًا being here in the accus. case as an inf. n., i. e. مَا فُتِحَ إِلَيْهِ مَآءُ الأَنْهَارِ فَتْحًا, (Mgh, L, *) occurring in a trad., means In the case of that (relating to the several sorts of seed-produce, and palm-trees,) which is irrigated by means of the channel opened to conduct to it the water of the river [or rivers], the tithe [of the produce shall be taken]. (L.) b7: The place of insertion of the tang of the iron head that enters into the shaft of an arrow: (K, * TA:) pl. as above. (TA.) b8: The fruit of the tree called نَبْع, resembling the حَبَّة خَضْرَآء [or fruit of the pistachia terebinthus], (K, TA,) except that it is red, sweet, and round; eaten by men. (TA.) b9: [As a conventional term in grammar and lexicology, A certain vowel-sound, well-known: and ↓ فَتْحَةٌ signifies The sign of that vowel-sound.]

فُتُحٌ a word of the measure فُعُلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ. (S.) You say بَابٌ فُتُحٌ A wide, open, door: (S, K:) or a large, wide, door. (Msb.) And قَارُورَةٌ فُتُحٌ A wide-headed bottle or flash: (S, K:) or a bottle, or flash, having neither a stopper nor a case: (Ks, S, Msb, K:) because, if so, it is open. (TA.) فَتْحَةٌ: see فَتْحٌ, last sentence.

فُتْحَةٌ An opening, or intervening space; syn. فُرْجَةٌ: pl. فُتَحٌ. (Msb.) b2: See also فَتْحٌ. b3: Also (assumed tropical:) A boasting of, or boasting oneself in, or making a vain display of, what one has, or possesses, of wealth, or of good education, or polite accomplishments. (L, K, * TA.) One says, مَا هٰذِهِ الفُتْحَةُ الَّتِى أَظْهَرْتَهَا (assumed tropical:) What is this boasting, &c., which thou hast exhibited? (L.) IDrd thinks it to be not [genuine] Arabic. (L.) فَتْحَى Gain, profit, or increase obtained in traffic; syn. رِبْحٌ; [so accord. to the L; accord. to the copies of the K, erroneously, رِيحٌ i. e. “ wind; ”] mentioned by Az, on the authority of Ibn-Buzurj: a poet says, أَكُلُّهُمُ لَا بَارَكَ اللّٰهُ فِيهِمُ

إِذَا ذُكِرَتْ فَتْحَى مِنَ البَيْعِ عَاجِبُ [Are all of them, (may God not bless them,) when gain arising from selling is mentioned, in a state of wonder?]. (L.) فَتُوحٌ A she-camel having wide orifices to her teats; (S, K;) and so a ewe or a she-goat: pl. فُتْحٌ. (TA.) b2: See also فَتْحٌ, in two places.

فَتَاحَةٌ: see فَتْحٌ, fourth sentence.

فُتَاحَةٌ [see 1, near the end].

A2: الفُتَاحَةُ, thus in the L and other lexicons, without ى after the ح, but in the K ↓ الفُتَاحِيَةُ, there said to be with damm and without teshdeed, (TA,) A certain bird, different from that called الفَتَّاحُ, (K, TA,) tinged with redness. (TA.) فِتَاحَةٌ [see 1, near the end]. b2: [As a subst.,] (tropical:) The office of judge: one says, فُلَانٌ وُلِّىَ الفِتَاحَةَ (tropical:) Such a one was appointed to the office of judge. (A, TA.) b3: And [(tropical:) Litigation, or altercation:] one says, بَيْنَهُمَا فِتَاحَاتٌ (tropical:) Between them two are litigations, or altercations. (A, TA.) الفُتَاحِيَةُ: see الفُتَاحَةُ.

فَتَّاحٌ [An opener: and an unlocker. b2: and hence, (assumed tropical:) A conquerer. b3: And], in the dial. of Himyer, (TA,) (tropical:) A judge; one who decides between litigants: (S, Msb, K, TA:) it is like ↓ فَاتِحٌ, but [this signifies simply judging, and the former] has an intensive signification. (Msb.) الفَتَّاحُ, as an epithet applied to God, in the Kur xxxiv. 25, means (assumed tropical:) The Judge: or, accord. to IAth, (assumed tropical:) the Opener of the gates of sustenance and of mercy to his servants. (TA.) b4: بَيْتٌ فَتَّاحٌ means A wide, or an ample, house or tent. (El-Fáïk, TA.) b5: And الفَتَّاحُ signifies A certain bird, (K,) which is black, and which moves about its tail much, or often; white in the base of the tail, beneath it; and there is a sort thereof red; (TA;) also called أُمُّ عَجْلَانَ: (O in art. عجل:) pl. فَتَاتِيحُ, (K,) to which is added in the K, “without ا and ل; ”

but there is no reason why it should not have ال prefixed to it; and perhaps it should be correctly “ without ا and ت,” i. e. it is not pluralized with ا and ت [as an affix to the sing.], as in the L &c. (MF, TA.) فَاتِحٌ [Opening: &c.]: see فَتَّاحٌ.

فَاتِحَةٌ (tropical:) The commencement, or first part, of a thing: (S, A, * K:) pl. فَوَاتِحُ. (A.) فَاتِحَةُ الكِتَابِ, (Msb,) or فَاتِحَةُ القُرْآنِ, (TA,) [and simply الفَاتِحَةُ, (assumed tropical:) The opening chapter, or exordium, of the Kur-án,] is [said to be] so called because the recitation in prayer is commenced therewith. (Msb.) One says also, قَرَأَ فَاتِحَةَ السُّورَةِ وَخَاتِمَتَهَا (tropical:) He recited the first part, or portion, of the chapter of the Kur-án and its last part, or portion. (A.) And فَوَاتِحُ القُرْآنِ signifies (tropical:) The first parts, or portions, of the chapters of the Kur-án. (K, TA.) [See also مُفْتَتَحٌ.]

مَفْتَحٌ A place in which things are reposited, stowed, laid up, kept, preserved, or guarded; a repository; syn. خِزَانَةٌ and مَخْزَنٌ: [and a hoard; syn. خَزِينَةٌ:] and treasure; or buried property; syn. كَنْزٌ: (K, TA:) pl., in both senses, مَفَاتِحُ. (TA.) The pl. as occurring in the Kur xxviii. 76 is said to signify treasures or buried property (كُنُوز) and hoards (خَزَائِن [as pl. of خَزِينَةٌ, not of خِزَانَةٌ]): or hoards (خَزَاوئن) of wealth, which Az says is the most probable meaning: (L, TA:) or it there means keys, as pl. of ↓ مِفْتَحٌ; (Ksh, Bd;) and it is said that they were of skins, of the measure of the finger, and were borne upon sixty mules, (Ksh, L, TA,) or seventy; but this is not a valid explanation. (L, TA.) مِفْتَحٌ see the next preceding paragraph, and the next but one following; the latter in two places. b2: Also A conduit (قَنَاة) of water. (TA.) مُفَتِّحٌ, applied to a medicine &c., Aperient; having the property of opening the bowels: and مُفَتِّحٌ لِلسُّدَدِ deobstruent; having the property of removing obstructions.]

مِفْتَاحٌ (S, Msb, K, &c.) and ↓ مِفْتَحٌ (Msb, K) A key; an instrument with which a lock is opened; (Msb;) [a key] of a door; and of anything that is closed, or locked; (S;) an instrument for opening, (K, TA,) i. e. anything with which a thing is opened: (TA:) pl. of the former مَفَاتِيحُ and مفَاتِحُ, said by Akh to be similar to أَمَانِىُّ and أَمَانٍ; (S;) or مفاتيح is pl. مِفْتَاحٌ, and مفاتح is pl. of ↓ مِفْتَحٌ [as well as of مَفْتَحٌ]. (Msb.) b2: مِفْتَاحُهَا الطُّهُورُ, said by the Prophet, in relation to prayer, means (tropical:) That which is as though it were the key thereof is the thing [or water] with which one purifies himself; being the means of removing the legal impurity that prevents one's addressing himself boldly to the act of prayer. (Msb.) b3: And أُوِتِيتُ مَفَاتِيحَ الكَلِمِ, or مَفَاتِحَ الكَلِمِ, accord. to different relaters, occurring in a trad., i. e. I have been given the keys of words, means [I have been given] an easy faculty, granted by God, for the acquirement of eloquence and chasteness of speech, and the attaining to the understanding of obscure meanings, and novel and admirable kinds of knowledge, and the beauties of expressions and phrases, which are closed against others, and difficult to be learnt by them. (L.) b4: And المِفْتَاحُ signifies also (assumed tropical:) A certain brand upon the thigh and neck (K, TA) of a camel, in the form of what is [properly] thus called. (TA.) مَفْتُوحٌ An opened, or unclosed, [and an unlocked,] door. (Msb.) b2: [And (assumed tropical:) A light, or bright, colour; a meaning probably post-classical. b3: For other significations, see its verb.]

مَفَاتِيحُ, (unparalleled [in form] among sing. words, MF,) applied to a she-camel, Fat: pl. مَفَاتِيحَاتٌ: (K:) mentioned by Seer.(TA.) مُفْتَتَحٌ is an inf. n. [signifying The act of opening and commencing &c.]: and a n. of place and of time [signifying a place of opening and commencing &c. and a time thereof: and also the opening portion of the Kur-án; as shown voce خَاتَمٌ, q. v.]: and is a commonly-known and chaste word: though it has been said that مُخْتَتَمٌ [which has the contr. significations] is not a chaste word: (TA in the present art.:) this, however, is not correct; for it is a chaste word, and of frequent occurrence. (TA in art. ختم.) يَوْمٌ مُنْفَتِحٌ بَالمَآءِ (tropical:) A day [of clouds] bursting, or opening vehemently, with rain. (A.) b2: الحُرُوفُ المُنْفَتِحَةُ (assumed tropical:) The letters of which the utterance requires the opening of [that part of the mouth which is called] the حَنَك; (TA;) all the letters of the alphabet except ص, ض, ط, and ظ. (K, TA.)

فتح: فتح: ثقب كرة وجعل فيها منفذاً وباباً (بوشر) وفي تاريخ تونس (ص920) في الكلام عن الداي: وفتح باب البنات وبني خارجه سوقاً. ويقال أيضا: فتح بيوتاً في باطن السور أي شق السور السميك وبنى في داخله بيوتاً (ابن بطوطة 135:2).
فتح: كان أول من اشترى (بوشر).
فتح: أخلى الميناء ويقال: فتح مينا، (بوشر).
فتح: كشف ما تراكم من تراب وأزاله، وأزال الطين والوحل. (ألكالا).
فتح: أصلح، رقم، رأب، رقق، رفأ، (ألكالا).
فتح: فتح الله لفلان فتحاً: ألهمه. ففي المقري (943:1): أفتح لي فتحاً تنور به قلبي. ويقال أيضا: فتح على فلان. (المقدمة 256:3).
فتح الله في: سمح، أذن في، ففي البيان (97:1) فأن فتح في الدعاء فقد أذن في الإجابة.
فتح: استجاب، قبل، أجاب إلى: ففي رياض النفوس (ص94 و): فصلى ما فتحه الله أي صلى صلاة قبلها الله.
فتح الله لي في العلم أو العمل: قبل الله دعائي في أن أصبح عالماً وأن أعمل صالحاً، (المقري 487:1، 488).
فتح ب: في ابن العوام (545:1): في وقت فتح الأشجار بالنور (بالنوار في مخطوطة ل) والورق، أي في وقت بدأ الأشجار تتفتح لتظهر أزهارها وأوراقها.
فتح على فلان ب: تصدق عليه ب، أحسن إليه إحساناً غير متوقع. (ابن بطوطة 19:1، 24:2، ألف ليلة: 290:1، 195:2). وفي رياض النفوس (ص58 ق): وقال هذه خمسون ديناراً مثاقيل بعث بهما (بها) إليكما وفتح بها عليكما، ويقال: فتح الله بمعنى وفقك الله في صيد الــسمك (ألف ليلة برسل 96:4).
يفتح الله: جواب التاجر المألوف حين يرفض الثمن الذي قدمه له المشتري (= هذا قليل جداً) (ألف ليلة 421:1، 116:2) وهذا قول موجز لم يحسن برتون (74:1) تفسيره. وبمقارنة ما جاء في (برسل 303:10) بما جاء في (ماكن 294:4) يتبين أنه (يفتح الله عليَّ بغير بيعه) أي ليوفقني الله فلا أبيع هذا الشيء بهذا الثمن. وهذا التعبير يعني أيضا: لا لن تأخذ شيئاً.
وكذلك يقال للكمدي حين يراد عدم إعطائه شيئاً: يفتح الله عليك. (ألف ليلة 259:1) وفي رياض النفوس (ص80 و) أن طفلاً أراد أن تشتري له أمه حلوى فقالت له: يفتح الله فأخذ يبكي. ويفتح الله لها أيضا معنى آخر، فحين يسأل شخص (أين تذهب، فيجيبه: (يفتح الله) أي إلى حيث يهديني الله.) (هاي ص2).
فتح باباً أو سيرة: فتح الحديث في المسألة، كان أو من تكلم فيها. (بوشر).
فتح معه سيرة: عقد الحديث. وأصل الكلام (بوشر).
فتح معه باباً أو كلاماً: بادر إلى الأمر وسبقه إليه (بوشر). فتح باباً: تعرض للأمر ومهد له. ومجازاً كان أول من سعى في الأمر وابتدأ فيه (بوشر).
فتح باب: تمهيد، الخطوات الأولى للإصلاح والتوفيق. (بوشر).
فتح له باب أو سيرة: قدم له عرضاً للمفاوضة ودعاه إليه. (بوشر).
فتح باباً ل: ولد، سبب. (بوشر).
فتح عليه بابا في السحر (أنظره في مادة باب). وكذلك: فتح الدارات. (المقرئ 234:3).
فتح افتتاحاً: جرب، مهد. مرن. وتستعمل مجازاً بمعنى بدأ بالأقل شأناً وأهمية. (بوشر).
فتح بنتاً: أفرعها، أزال بكارتها. (بوشر، ألف ليلة 884:4).
فتح الحرب: بدأ الحرب. (بوشر).
فتح دعوى على: أقام عليه الدعوى. (بوشر).
فتح سكة: شق طريقاً ومهده. (بوشر).
فتح سيفه: سل سيفه. (أبو الوليد ص594).
فتح يده في السوط: تناول السوط. (عنتر ص58). فتح صدره: صرخ بكل ما يضمر، تكلم بصراحة (بوشر).
فتح عينه: أدبه، هذبه. ومجازاً: أنشأه ونشأه. (بوشر، فوك).
فتح العين: نبه الذهن. (بوشر).
فتح العقل: استفتح العقل وجعله أقدر على الفهم وأشد تنبها. (بوشر).
فتح الفال: تفاءل، وتكهن، وخمن. (بوشر، همبرت ص89، 157).
فتح فتوحات كثيرة: قام بحروب كثيرة ونجح فيها واستولى على بلاد كثيرة وتملكها. (معجم أبي الفداء).
فتح القلوع: نشر الأشرعة. (همبرت ص120).
فتح كياً: كوى. (بوشر).
فتح (بالتشديد): فتح الزهر: تفتح، فغر، فقح، تفقح. (بوشر، المقري 383:1، فليشر بريشت ص185، 271، ياقوت 904:3).
تفتيح في مصطلح الخياطة: غرز الإبرة، حسب رأي دي سلان (المقدة 327:3، 309:3).
فاتح: فاتحه بالكلام: بدأه بالكلام وحادثه. (بوشر، عبد الواحد ص174، المقري 396:2).
فاتح البيع: ذكرت في ديوان الهذليين (13، البيت الخامس) مع الشرح في (ص14).
تفتح. تفتح البرق: لمع البرق ولمحة. (الكامل ص73) انفتح: أفضى إلى، أدى إلى، وانشق وإن فرز.
يقال: انفتح الدمل. (بوشر) انفتح: أخرق، تصدع. ففي رياض النفوس (ص88 ق) في الكلام عن لوح في المركب فانفتح لنا لوح فرجعنا إلى قمودة وفزعنا بعض الشحنة أو الشحنة كلها ثم أصلحنا المركب. وفيه بلغنا أن قلوبكم ضعفت لما نالكم من انفتاح المركب - ومن هذا استعملوا كلمة انفتاح بمعنى غرق (ألكالا) وعند أماري (ديب ص223) يجب إبدال كلمة أصلح بكلمة انفتح فتكون العبارة: وإذا انفتح لهم مركب من ريح عرضت، وكذلك يجب إبدال إنضاج بكلمة انفتح في (ص228) لأن الترجمة الإيطالية القديمة تنص ص 390 على: بسبب الغرق.
انفتاح القلب: إباحة القلب بأسراره ومكاشفته بها. (بوشر).
انفتح إلي: مال إلي، فيه شبه من. ففي رحلة ابن جبير (ص86) في كلامه عن لوحين (بلاطتين) من المرمر الأخضر: فيهما نكت تنفتح عن لونهما إلى الصفرة قليلاً كأنها تجريع.
افتتح: افتتح خاتمة الأمر: خمن خاتمة الأمر. (فالتون ص35، ص69 رقم 2).
انفتح: استفتح، طلب فتح الباب. ففي رياض النفوس (ص82 ق): ولم يكن يفتح بابه قبل وقت الصلاة فجلسنا على باب البيت فطال علينا الأمر فافتتح رجل أندلسي كان معنا بصوت حزين فسمعنا للشيخ حركة وبكاء وشهيقاً ثم فتح الباب.
استفتح: كتب مقدمة الكتاب وفاتحته (ألكالا).
استفتح: استلم أولى مبلغ في يومه من البيع (بوشر).
استفتح: فتح البلاد واستولى عليها. (فوك) فتح: أبو الفتوحات: فاتح. (بوشر) فتح: خرق، شق، فلق، صدع. (بوشر).
فتح: ثاني حراثة للأرض. (ابن العوام 92). فتح، والجمع فتوح، وجمع الجمع فتوحات: صدقة، حسنة. وفي المعجم اللاتيني العربي ( stapes فتح ورزق). (ابن بطوطة 19:2، 275 المقري 710:2).
فتح، والجمع فتوح وجمع الجمع فتوحات: فضل من الله يمنحه للمتصوفة الذين بلغوا أقصى الدرجات من الحياة الروحية (دي سلان المقدمة 91:3 رقم 4) والنص في المقدمة (64:3) (المقري 573:1) وربما ميرسنج (ص26) أيضا، وقد حرفت فيه كلمة القرني.
فتح الباب: عند المنجمين عبارة عن نظر الكوكبين اللذين بيوتهما متقابلة كنظر المشتري وعطارد. (محيط المحيط).
فتحة: ثقبة، فرجة، فجوة، ثغرة. (بوشر).
فتحة: ثقب صغير لمرور القيطان. (بوشر).
فتحة: فتحة في السد لمرور السفن. (بوشر).
فتحة الحلق: فم الحنجرة. زردوم. (بوشر).
فتوح: بدأ المزاد. افتتاح المزاد أول سعر يقدم في المزاد. (بوشر).
فتوح: أجرة، جعالة، معاش، كراء، راتب. (ألكالا، ألف ليلة برسل 215:11).
فتاح: مبالغة فاتح، الذي يكثر الفتح. (بوشر).
فتاح الفال: المتكهن بالمستقبل، بوهيمي. (بوشر، همبرت ص89).
فاتح: ضد غامق، يقال: لون فاتح. (بوشر).
فاتح: عقبة، حجر عثرة، صخور البحر (ألكالا).
فاتح باب كبير: رجل يعيش عيشة باذخة، وكثر حشمة وكثرت نفقاته وعاش بزهو. (بوشر).
فاتح الفال: كاهن، عراف، زاجر الطير، ضارب الرمل، (بوشر، همبرت ص157).
فاتحة: مقدمة، استهلال، مدخل، تمهيد، ديباجة. (بوشر).
فاتحة: فاتحة القداس، بدأ القداس، بدأة القداس. (بوشر).
فاتحة: تمهيد وتوطئة لعقد المعاهدة، ما يجب الاتفاق عليه قبل عقد المعاهدة. (بوشر).
فاتحة الخلاف: أول من بدأ الثورة. (ابن الأغلب ص38). الفاتحة في صحائف من يذوق روحه: طوبى لمن عرف قدر نفسه، فليحي من عرف قدره (بوشر).
مفتح الماء: سكر، باب متحرك حول محور منظم جريان الماء. (محيط المحيط) في مادة بست.
خط مفتح: خط مستقيم. (فوك).
مفتاح: مقلد القانون، مفتاح القانون الآلة الموسيقية. (صفة مصر 300:13).
مفتاح: رائد (مقبض لإدارة آلة) في أخمص القذافة وهي قوس قديمة لقذف السهام والكرات والحجارة وغيرها، الجريدة الآسيوية (1848: 208:2).
المفتاح الناري: شرارة (المعجم اللاتيني العربي) وآلة حربية ترمى النار. (فوك).
مفتاح: قفل، غلق. (كرتاس ص39).
مفتاح: استعملت استعمالاً غريباً في تاريخ البربر ففيه (282:1) اجتمع إليه قبائل غمارة وصنهاجة مفتاح. ويرى السيد دي سلان أنها تعنى الأمر، وهذا بعيد الاحتمال.
مفتوح، بالمفتوح: بصراحة: بوضوح، جهراً، علانية، بإخلاص. (بوشر).
مفتوح العين: لبيب، أريب، بصير، فطن. (فوك) ومحترس، حذر، يقظ. (ألكالا).
فهمه مفتوح: سهل الفهم، قريب المأخذ (بوشر).
يده مفتوحة: كريم، جواد (بوشر).
المفتوح في علم الحساب: العدد المتناظر، المشترك المقياس (محيط المحيط).
الحساب المفتوح: علم الحساب. (ابن خلكان 23:9) وانظر الترجمة (474:3 رقم 2). والمفتوحات أيضا (محيط المحيط) والمفتوح عند أهل الرمل: شكل إحدى مراتبه فرد والباقي أزواج (محيط المحيط) وانظر مسدود.
مفاتحة: مراسلة، مكاتبة. ففي كتاب ابن عبد الملك (ص125 ق): وكانت بينه وبين جماعة من أدباء عصره من أهل مالقة وغيرهم مفاتحات ومراجعات نظماً ونثراً.
مفاتحة الصلح: وعد بالصلح. (بوشر).
افتتاح: بدء: استهلال، تمهيد، مقدمة. (بوشر) وانظر مادة فتح.
افتتاحي: تدشيني، تمهيدي: إعدادي (بوشر)، الانفتاح عند الأطباء: انشقاق العرق في رأسه (محيط المحيط).
استفتاح: أول ما يستلمه البائع في يومه. (بوشر، معجم هابيشت في الجزء الرابع من طبعته لكتاب ألف ليلة).
حرف الاستفتاح: عند النحاة: ألا (محيط المحيط).
استفتاحي: إلا الاستفتاحية. (ابن عقيل ص92) وانظر ما تقدم.

قيل: قال: توقف في القائلة أي في وقت الظهيرة. (ابن جبير ص62).
قال: هدأ، سكن. (فوك).
قال: توقف عن العمل. تعطل، بقي بلا عمل. (فليشر في تعليقه على المقري 1: 627، ص208).
قيل: توقف عن السير وقت الظهيرة. (بركهارت نوبية ص387).
قيل: قال، نام وسط النهار. (الكالا، بوشر).
قيل: استراح. (محيط المحيط).
قيل: اصطاف، قضى الصيف وهو الفصل الشديد الحر في مكان ما. (الكالا).
قيل: أمضى النهار، قضى النهار (شيرب).
قيلني: دعني، اتركني، كق عني. (رولاند).
أقال: عنه وتجاوز. وهذا الفعل لا يتعدى بنفسه فحسب (معجم البلاذري، ومحيط المحيط). بل يتعدى به أيضا.
ففي بدرون (ص292): فدعا لهم أن يقيلهم الله من عثرتهم.
وفي ريجرز (ص27) عليك أن تقرأ وفقا لما جاء في مخطوطة أ: (وفي أثناء نكبته، وقعود أبي الحزم عن أقالته من كبوته).
كما يتعدى ب في (فوك).
أقال: طلب الصفح والمغفرة (عبد 3: 106).
وفيه: إقالة مرادفة استغفار.
أقال: صفح عنه، جعله يصفح عنه ويتجاوز عن ذنبه ويغفره. ففي القلائد (ص117): وأقال من عثاره الإنشاء. أي أن إنشاءه البديع جعلهم يغفرون له ذنوبة.
أقاله الله من فلان: تجاه الله من فلان وخلصه منه. (معجم البلاذري).
تقيل: قلد، حاكى، اقتدى به، تشبه به. (رسالة إلى السد فليشر ص56).
استقال. استقال الله شيئا: طلب من الله أن يعفيه منه كأنه لم يكن (ابن خلكان 1: 377).
استقالة عثرة: طلب الصفح عن الذنب والخطيئة. (عباد 2: 257، 3: 218).
استقال من فلان: تخلص منه. (عباد 1: 251).
قيل (بالقبطية كيل): نوع من الــسمك (زيشر مجلة لغة مصر القديمة، مايس 1868 ص55، تموز ص83، ص84).
قيلة، والجمع قوائل: قائلة، قيلولة، نومة نصف النهار أو الاستراحة فيه وان لم يكن نوم (فوك).
قيلولة: انظر إقالة.
قيالة: توقف عن السير في وقت الظهيرة. (بركهارت نوبيه ص 387).
قيالة: توقف عن السير في وقت الظهيرة. (ألف ليلة 1: 31).
قيولة: الفك الأسفل لدى الإنسان أو اللحى الأسفل وهو العظم الأسفل الذي فيه منبت الأسنان. (فوك).
قيولة: عظم الفك (الكالا) والكلمة من أصل أسباني. (سيمونيه ص338).
قائلة: شمس. (دومب ص53، بوشر بربرية).
إقالة: في المعجم اللاتيني- العربي Reconciliato إقالة ورجعة. بمعنى حل الهرطوقي ورده إلى الكنيسة عند الكاثوليك وغفران ذنوبه التي ارتكبها.
وفي ترجمة القوانين (مخطوطة الاسكوريال): إقالة وقيلولة تدلان على هذا المعنى وقد فسرتا ب وهي الخناعة بالاوقرشتيا.
تقييلة: قيلولة، نومة نصف النهار. (بوشر).
مقيل: توقف عن السير عند شدة الحر. (دوماس عادات ص303).
مقيل: قيلولة. نومة نصف النهار (فوك) في القسم الأول، وانظر معجم مسلم.
مقيول: ذو القيلة: قرواني، الذي عظم كيس بيضته ذو القروة (بوشر).
كقيالة: موضع بارد مسقف يقال فيه أي ينام فيه وقت القيلولة. (الكالا).
مقيالة: مرتع، مرعى، موضع ترعى فيه المواشي في زمن الصيف. وحظيرة زريبة، مداح. (الكالا).
مقيالة: نزل دار الضيافة. (الكالا).

صمر

1 صَمَرَ, (M, K,) aor. ـُ (M,) inf. n. صَمْرٌ and صُمُورٌ, He was niggardly, or tenacious, and refused; (M, K;) as also ↓ اصمر, and ↓ صمّر: (K:) [or] صَمَرَ, inf. n. صَمْرٌ, signifies he collected, and refused; and so ↓ اصمر, and ↓ صمّر: one says, صَمَرَ مَتَاعَهُ [he collected, and refused, his goods]: (O:) [but ISd says that] the phrase ↓ الصَّامِرِينَ مَتَاعَهُمْ, used by a poet, means, الصَّامِرِينَ بِمَتَاعِهِمْ [i. e., accord. to the context, those who are niggardly with their goods]. (M.) A2: صَمَرَ المَآءُ, (M, O, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. صُمُورٌ, (M, O,) The water ran from a declivity into a level place, and then became calm, or tranquil, while [continuing] running. (M, O, K.) And ↓ صِمْرٌ signifies The resting-place of such water: (M, K:) and ↓ صِمْرُ الوَادِى the resting-place of such water of the valley. (TA.) A3: صَمَرَ, (O, K,) aor. ـِ (K;) and صَمِرَ, (O, K,) aor. ـَ (K;) said of milk, (O, K,) It was, or became, sour; (O;) or very sour; as also ↓ اصمر. (O, K.) 2 صَمَّرَ see above, first sentence, in two places: A2: and see the paragraph here following.4 أَصْمَرَ see 1, first sentence, in two places: A2: and see also the last sentence.

A3: Also اصمروا, (O, * K,) inf. n. إِصْمَارٌ; (O;) and ↓ صمّروا, (K,) inf. n. تَصْمِيرٌ; (O;) They entered upon the time of sunset, which is called الصُّمَيْرُ. (O, K.) 5 تصمّر He confined, restricted, or restrained, himself. (O.) [See also its part. n., below.]

صَمْرٌ, (M, O, TS, K,) or ↓ صَمَرٌ, (S, A, L,) [the latter probably the correct, or the original, word, and, if so, app. an inf. n. of an unmentioned, and perhaps unused, verb, namely, صَمِرَ, whence the part. n. صَمِرٌ, q. v.,] Stink, foul odour, or offensive smell: (S, M, K:) and, (K,) accord. to IAar, (O, TA,) the odour of fresh mush, (O, and so in copies of the K,) or of fresh fish: (TA, as from the K:) and, accord. to IAar, (O, TA,) but in this sense more commonly ↓ صَمَرٌ, (O,) the sultry heat, (O,) or foul smell, and sultry heat, and dew, or moisture, accompanying such heat, (TA,) of the sea when it is agitated. (O, TA.) صُمْرٌ i. q. صُبْرٌ [i. e. The side of a thing: or a side rising above the rest of a thing: or its upper part, or top: or its edge]: (S, M, K:) the م is said to be substituted for ب: (M:) pl. أَصْمَارٌ. (S, M, K.) You say, أَدْهَقْتُ الكَأْسَ إِلَى أَصْمَارِهَا, meaning الى أَصْبَارِهَا [i. e. I filled the cup to its uppermost parts; or to its edges]. (ISk, S, M, * K: in the M and TA is added, i. e. إِلَى أَعَالِيهَا.) And أَخَذَ الشَّىْءَ بِأَصْمَارِهِ, meaning بِأَصْبَارِهِ [i. e. He took the thing altogether: see art. صبر]. (M, TA.) صِمْرٌ, and صِمْرُ الوَادِى: see the first paragraph.

صَمَرٌ: see صَمْرٌ, in two places.

صَمِرٌ: [Stinking; having a foul, or an offensive, odour, or smell]. One says, يَدِى مِنَ الــسَّمَكِ صَمِرَةٌ [My hand is stinking from the fish], (S, O, [in the former of which the meaning is indicated by the context,]) and مِنَ اللَّحْمِ [from the flesh-meat]. (TA.) صَمْرَةٌ Milk devoid of sweetness. (O, K.) صَمِيرٌ A man whose flesh is dry, or tough, upon his bones, (S, M, A, O, K,) from whom the odour of sweat diffuses itself. (IDrd, S, A, O, K.) صُمَيْرٌ The time of sunset. (K, TA.) صَمَارَى, (M, O, K,) and صُمَارَى, (O, K,) and ↓ صُمَارِىٌّ, (S, O, K,) and صِمَارى, with kesr, [but whether otherwise like the first and second or the last, is not shown,] (TA, from Az,) The podex, or the anus; syn. دُبُرٌ, (S,) or اِسْتٌ, (M, A,) or سَافِلَةٌ: (O:) because of its foul smell. (O, * TA.) صُمَارِىٌّ: see the next preceding paragraph.

صَامِرٌ A day in which the wind is still. (O, TA.) A2: See also 1, first sentence.

صَوْمَرٌ, a word of the dial. of El-Yemen, (IDrd, O,) The بَاذَرُوج; (M;) [i. e.] the trees, or plants, (شَجَر,) called by the latter name; (K;) or a species of بَقْل [or herb] called in Pers\. by the latter name [which, commonly pronounced with د, is one of the names now applied to basil]: (IDrd, O:) accord. to AHn, a sort of tree, or plant, that does not grow by itself, but twines upon the غَاف, consisting of twigs with leaves like those of the أَرَاك, (M, O,) its twigs being more slender than thorns, (O,) and having a fruit resembling the acorn, (M, O,) in form, but thicker at the base and more slender at the extremity, (O,) which is eaten, and is soft, and very sweet: (M, O:) the stem of the صَوْمَرَة [which is the n. un.] is thicker than the upper half of the arm; and it increases in height with the غَافَة while the latter does so: (O:) 'Alee Ibn-'Abbás, author of the book entitled the “ Kámil,” says that the بَاذَرُوج has in it nothing beneficial when a man takes it internally; but when applied externally, it matures, or causes suppuration, [for انفج in the TA, an evident mistranscription, I read أَنْضَجَ,] and acts as a dissolvent. (TA.) صَامُورَةٌ Very sour milk. (O, K.) مُتَصَمِّرٌ i. q. مُتَشَمّسٌ [app. as meaning Niggardly, tenacious, or avaricious; agreeably with the first explanation of 1]: (O, K:) and, (K,) or as some say, (TA,) confining, restricting, or restraining, himself. (K, TA.)

صنر

صِنَارٌ, as some say, or ↓ صِنَّارٌ, (M,) or both, but the former is the more common, (K,) The kind of tree called دُلْب [i. e. the plane-tree]: (AHn, M, K:) n. un. with ة: (AHn, M:) a Pers\. word, introduced into the Arabic language; (Lth, AHn, M;) or arabicized, from [the Pers\.] چَنَار. (K.) صِنَّارٌ, (K,) or ↓ صِنَّارَةٌ, (S, O, M,) or the latter is not allowable, (TA,) The head of a spindle; (S, O, K;) i. e. (S) the crooked, (S,) or slender, (M,) or slender and crooked, (TA,) piece of iron (S, M, TA) that is in the head of the spindle: (M, TA:) or, accord. to Lth, the latter signifies a woman's spindle; and is a foreign word introduced into the Arabic language. (TA.) A2: See also صِنَارٌ.

صِنَّوْرٌ A niggardly man, of evil disposition: (T, O, K:) mentioned by IAar. (T, O.) [See also صِنَّارَةٌ.]

صَنَّارَةٌ: see the next paragraph.

صِنَّارَةٌ: see صِنَّارٌ. b2: Also The handle of the [kind of shield called] حَجَفَة: (S, K:) pl. صَنَانِيرُ. (K.) b3: And The ear: (S, M, K:) of the dial. of El-Yemen. (S, M.) A2: Also A man evil in disposition; (M, K;) on the authority of IAar; (M;) as also ↓ صَنَّارَةٌ; (M, K;) on the authority of Kr: Aboo-'Alee says that the former has this meaning; but it is not of the form of words mentioned in the Book [of Sb], because [it is said that] this form does not occur as an epithet. (M.) And the former, (K, TA,) accord. to IAar, (TA,) Bad in respect of أّدَب [or discipline of the mind and manners, &c.], even though eminent, or celebrated, or well known: (K, TA:) pl. as above. (TA.)

بلس

4 ابلس, (inf. n. إِبْلَاسٌ, S, &c.,) He despaired, (A boo-Bekr, S, M, Msb, K,) or gave up hope, (A boo-Bekr, TA,) مِنْ رَحْمَةِ اللّٰهِ of the mercy of God. (A boo-Bekr, S, TA.) b2: He became broken [in spirit], and mournful. (S, TA.) b3: He was, or became, silent, (S, M, A, Msb,) returning no reply, or answer, (TA,) by reason of grief, (S,) or of despair. (A.) b4: He was, or became, confounded or perplexed, and unable to see his right course. (Ibn-'Arafeh, K.) b5: He was, or became, cut short, or stopped, (K, TA,) فِى حُجَّتِهِ [in his argument, or plea]. (TA.) b6: He became unable to prosecute his journey: or was prevented from attaining his wish: syn. قُطِعَ بِهِ. (Th, M, TA.) b7: He repented; or grieved for what he had done. (M.) A2: He caused a person to despair. (Har p. 138.) بَلِسٌ Despairing, (مُبْلِسٌ,) and silent respecting what is in his mind, (K, TA,) by reason of grief or fear. (TA.) بَلَاسٌ, (S, Msb, K,) like سَلَامٌ, (Msb,) and سَحَابٌ, (K,) [in a copy of the M written بِلَاسٌ,] A [garment, or piece of stuff, of the kind called]

مِسْح [i. e. of hair-cloth]: (S, M, Msb, K:) used in this sense by the people of El-Medeeneh: (S:) a Persian word; (AO, S, Msb;) originally بَلَاسٌ, without ال: (TA:) arabicized: (S, Msb:) also called by the Arabs پَلَاس, with the ب termed مُشَبَّع: (TA:) pl. بُلُسٌ. (M, Msb, K.) [The pl.]

بُلُسٌ is also applied to Large sacks of مُسُوح [i. e. hair-cloths], in which figs are put, [or, more probably, in which straw is put, for التِّين, which I find in two copies of the S and in the TA, can hardly be doubted to be a mistranscription of التِّبْن], and upon which is paraded he who is made a public example that others may take warning from him, and the subject of a proclamation [acquainting the spectators with his offence]: whence the imprecation, أَرَانِيكَ اللّٰهُ عَلَىالبُلُسِ [May God show me thee upon the large haircloth-sacks]. (S, TA.) بَلَسَانٌ [The balsam-tree; or the species that produces the balsam of Mekkeh; i. e., the amyris opobalsamum;] a certain kind of tree, (M,) or shrub, resembling the حِنَّآء, (K,) having many leaves, inclining to white, in odour resembling the سَذَاب [or rue], (TA,) the berry of which has an unguent, (Lth, M, TA,) which is hot, (Lth, TA,) and its unguent is in great request: (Lth, K, TA:) its unguent [opobalsamum] is more potent than its berry [carpobalsamum], and its berry is more so than its wood [xylobalsamum] : the best of its wood is the smooth, tawny-coloured, pungent and sweet in odour: it is hot and dry in the second degree; and its berry is a little hotter than it: its wood opens stoppages of the nose, and is good for the sciatica and vertigo and headache, and clears cloudiness of the eye, and is good for asthma and oppression of the breath, and for flaccidity of the womb, used by fumigation; it is also beneficial in cases of barrenness, and counteracts poisons and the bite of vipers: (the Minháj, TA:) it is said in the K and in the Minháj, and by most of the physicians and those who treat of drugs, that it grows only at 'Eyn-Shems, in the neighbourhood of El-Káhireh, the place called ElMatareeyeh; but MF observes that this is strange, as it is well known that it is mostly found in the district of El-Hijáz, between the Harameyn and El-Yembo' , whence it is conveyed to all countries: the truth, however, is, that it ceased to grow at ' Eyn-Shems in the latter part of the eighth century [of the Flight], and it was endeavoured [successfully] to be made to grow in El-Hijáz. (TA.) [See also De Sacy's “ Abd-allatif,” p. 89.]

بَلَّاسٌ One who sells what is termed بَلَاس. (K.) إِبْلِيسُ [A name of Satan]; from أَبْلَسَ, (S, M, Msb, K,) in the first of the senses assigned to it above, (S, M, Msb,) accord. to some; (M, Msb, K;) his former name being عَزَازِيلُ : (S, TA:) or it is a foreign word, (Aboo-Is-hák, M, Msb, K,) and for this reason, (Aboo-Is-hák, M, Msb, TA,) and its being also determinate, (Aboo-Is-hák, M, TA,) or a proper name, (Msb,) it is imperfectly decl.; (Aboo-Is-hák, M, &c.;) for if it were an Arabic word, it would be perfectly decl., like إِجْفِيلٌ and إِخْرِيطٌ. (Msb.)