عم

1 عَمَّ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (S, Msb,) inf. n. عُمُومٌ, (S, Msb, K,) i. q. شَمِلَ الجَمَاعَةَ [i. e. It was, or became, common, or general, or universal; or generally, or universally, comprehensive: it included the common, or general, or whole, aggregate, assemblage, bulk, mass, or extent, within its compass; or within the compass of its relation or relations, its effect or effects, its operation or operations, its influence, or the like]: said of a thing: (S, K:) of rain, &c.: (Msb:) عُمُومٌ signifies the including, or comprehending, [the generality, or] all: (PS:) and the happening, or occurring, to [the generality, or] all. (KL.) عَمَّ ثُؤَبَآءُ النَّاعِسِ [The yawning of the drowsy became common, or general, or universal,] is a prov., applied to the case of an event that happens in a town, or country, and then extends from it to the other towns, or countries. (TA.) b2: It is also trans. [signifying He, or it, included, comprehended, or embraced, persons, or things, in common, in general, or universally, within the compass of his action, or influence, &c., or within the compass of its relation or relations, its effect or effects, its operation or operations, its influence, or the like]: and when trans., its inf. n. is عَمٌّ. (TK.) One says, عَمَّ المَطَرُ الأَرْضَ [The rain included the general, or the whole, extent of the land within the compass of its fall]. (The Lexicons passim.) And عَمَّهُمْ بِالعَطِيَّةِ [He included them in common, in general, or universally, within the compass of the gift; or gave to them in common, in general, or universally]. (S, K.) And عَمَّ فِى

دُعَائِهِ وَخَصَّ [He included, or comprehended, persons or things in common, or in general, in his prayer or supplication &c., and particularized, or specified, some person or thing, or some persons or things]. (S voce خَلَّ.) And عَمَّهُمُ المَرَضُ [The disease was, or became, common, or general, or universal, among them]. (The Lexicons passim.) A2: عَمَّ also signifies He, or it, made long, or tall: b2: and He, or it, was, or became, long, or tall. (IAar, TA.) A3: [And He became a paternal uncle (صَارَ عَمًّا).] One says, مَا كُنْتُ عَمًّا وَلَقَدْ عَمِمْتُ [I was not a paternal uncle, and now I have become a paternal uncle]: (so in my copies of the S:) or مَا كُنْتَ عَمًّا وَلَقَدْ عَمِمْتَ or عَمَمْتَ [Thou wast not &c.]: (so accord. to different copies of the K: the former accord. to the TK [agreeably with my copies of the S; and this I believe to be the right reading, or at least preferable; like أَمِمْتُ]:) inf. n. عُمُومَةٌ; (S, Msb, K;) like خُؤُولَةٌ [and أُمُومَةٌ] and أُبُوَّةٌ. (TA.) And بَيْنِى وَبَيْنَ فُلَانٍ عُمُومَةٌ [Between me and such a one is a relationship of paternal uncle]. (S.) A4: عُمَّ: see the next paragraph.2 تَعْمِيمٌ The making a thing to be common, general, or universal; the generalizing it; contr. of تَخْصِيصٌ. (K in art. خص.) A2: عَمَّمْتُهُ I attired him with the عِمَامَة [or turban]. (S.) And عُمِّمَ رَأْسُهُ His head was wound round with the عِمَامَة [or turban]; as also ↓ عُمَّ. (K.) b2: And [hence,] عُمِّمَ (tropical:) He was made a chief or lord [over others]: (S, Msb, K, TA:) because the turbans (العَمَائِم) are the crowns of the Arabs: (S, TA:) and when they made a man a chief or lord, they attired him with a red turban. (TA.) [Hence likewise,] one says also, عَمَّمْنَاكَ أَمْرَنَا, meaning (assumed tropical:) We have made thee to take upon thyself the management of our affair, or state, or case. (TA.) b3: And عَمَّمْتُهُ سَيْفًا [I attired him with a sword; like كَسَوْتُهُ سَيْفًا]. (TA in art. غشو.) b4: And عَمَّمَهُ بِالسَّيْفِ (assumed tropical:) [He cut, or wounded, him, or it (i. e. his head), in the place of the turban, with the sword]: like عَصَّبَهُ بِهِ, (A and TA in art. عصب,) and ضَمَدَهُ. (A and L in art. ضمد.) b5: And عَمَّمَ اللَّبَنُ, (S, K,) inf. n. تَعْمِيمٌ, (K,) (tropical:) The milk frothed: as though its froth were likened to the عِمَامَة [or turban]; (S, TA;) as also ↓ اِعْتَمَّ. (K.) 4 أُعِمَّ and أَعَمَّ, in the pass. and act. forms, [He had many paternal uncles: (see مُعَمٌّ:) or] he had generous paternal uncles. (Msb.) 5 تَعَمَّمْتُهُ I called him a paternal uncle: (Az, S, Z:) or تَعَمَّمَتْهُ, said of women, they called him a paternal uncle. (K.) b2: تعمّم عَمًّا: see 10.

A2: See also the next paragraph, in five places.8 اعتمّ and ↓ تعمّم and ↓ استعمّ, (K,) or اعتمّ بِالعِمَامَةِ and بِهَا ↓ تعمّم, (S,) He attired himself with the turban: (S, K:) and ↓ تعمّم is also expl. as meaning he attired himself with the helmet: or, with the garments of war. (TA.) b2: And [hence] one says, اِعْتَمَّتِ الآكَامُ بِالنَّبَاتِ and ↓ تَعَمَّمَت (assumed tropical:) [The hills became crowned with plants, or herbage]. (TA.) And بِهَا رُؤُوسُ الجِبَالِ ↓ تَعَمَّمَتْ (assumed tropical:) [The heads of the mountains became crowned with its light]: referring to the sun, when its light has fallen upon the heads of the mountains and become to them like the turban. (Mgh.) b3: And اعتمّ اللَّبَنُ: see 2, last sentence. b4: and اعتمّ النَّبتُ (tropical:) The plant, or herbage, became of its full height, and blossomed, syn. اِكْتَهَلَ, (S, K, TA,) and طَالَ; and became luxuriant, or abundant and dense: (TA:) like اغتمّ. (TA in art. غم.) b5: And اعتمّ الشَّابُّ (assumed tropical:) The youth, or young man, became tall. (S.) b6: And اعتمّ is said of a beast of the bovine kind as meaning (assumed tropical:) He had all his teeth grown. (As, TA. [See عَمَمٌ and عَضْبٌ.]) 10 اِسْتَعْمَمْتُهُ, (K,) or اِسْتَعْمَمْتُهُ عَمًّا, (S,) I took him, or adopted him, as a paternal uncle: (S, K:) and عَمًّا ↓ تَعَمَّمَ He took, or adopted, a paternal uncle. (TA in art. خول.) A2: See also 8, first sentence. R. Q. 1 عَمْعَمَ (inf. n. عَمْعَمَةٌ, TK) He had a numerous army, or military force, after paucity [thereof]. (K.) عَمَ, for عَمَا, which is for أَمَا: see this last, in art. اما.

عِمْ صَبَاحًا, and عِمُوا صَبَاحًا: see art. صبح.

عَمٌّ A company of men: (S:) or, as some say, of a tribe: (TA:) or a numerous company; as also ↓ أَعَمٌّ; (K;) this latter mentioned by AAF, on the authority of Az, and said by him to be the only instance of a word of the measure أَفْعَل denoting a plurality, unless it be a [coll.] gen. n., like أَرُوَى; and he cites as an ex. the phrase بَيْنَ الأَعَمّ, occurring in a verse; but Fr is related to have read بين الأَعُمِّ, with damm to the ع, making it pl. of عَمٌّ, like as أَضْبٌّ is of ضَبٌّ. (TA.) A2: A paternal uncle; a father's brother: (S, K:) pl. أَعْمَامٌ (S, Msb, K) and عُمُومٌ (TA) and عُمُومَةٌ (Sb, S, K) and أَعِمَّةٌ (CK) and أَعُمٌّ, (K,) a pl. of pauc., mentioned by Fr and IAar, (TA,) and pl. pl. أَعْمُمُونَ, (K, TA,) without idghám, by rule أَعُمُّونَ: (TA:) the female is termed ↓ عَمَّةٌ [i. e. a paternal aunt; a father's sister]: (K:) and the pl. of this is عَمَّاتٌ. (Msb.) One says, يَا ابْنَ عَمِّى and يا ابن عَمِّ (S, L) and يا ابن عَمَّ (L) and يا ابن عَمِ, (S, L, [but in one copy of the S I find the first three and not the last,]) the last without teshdeed, (L,) dial. vars. [all meaning O son of my paternal uncle]: (S, L:) and Abu-n-Nejm uses the expression يَا ابْنَةَ عَمَّا [O daughter of my paternal uncle], meaning عَمَّاهْ, with the ه of lamentation. (S.) And one says, هُمَا ابْنَا عَمٍّ [meaning Each of them two is a son of a paternal uncle of the other]; (S, IB, Msb, K;) because each of them says to the other, يَا ابْنَ عَمِّى; (IB;) and in like manner, ابْنَا خَالَةٍ; (S, IB, Msb, K;) because each of them says to the other, يَا ابْنَ جَالَتِى: (IB:) but one may not say, ↓ هُمَا ابْنَا عَمَّةٍ, nor ابْنَا خَالٍ; (S, IB, Msb, K;) because one of them says to the other, يَا ابْنَ خَالِى, but the latter says to the former, يَا ابْنَ عَمَّتِى. (IB.) And [عَمٌّ signifies also A paternal great uncle, &c.: therefore] one says, هُمَا ابْنَا عَمٍّ

لَحًّا [They two are cousins on the father's side, closely related]; and in like manner, ابْنَا خَالَةٍ

لَحًّا: but not لَحًّا ↓ ابْنَا عَمَّةٍ, nor ابْنَا خَالٍ لَحًّا: (TA:) and هُوَ ابْنُ عَمِّهِ ظَهْرًا i. e. [He is his cousin on the father's side,] distantly related. (As, in A and O and TA, art. ظهر.) b2: It is said in a trad., النَّخْلَةَ ↓ أَكْرِمُوا عَمَّتَكُمُ [Honour ye your paternal aunt the palm-tree]: i. e. [do ye so] because it was created of the redundant portion of the earth, or clay, of Adam. (TA.) b3: And عَمٌّ signifies also Tall palm-trees, (K, TA,) of full tallness and abundance and density; (TA;) and ↓ عُمٌّ signifies the same: (K, TA:) [or so نَخْلُ عَمٌّ and عُمٌّ, which is perhaps meant in the K: for] عُمٌّ is an epithet applied to palm-trees, (S, K, TA,) and is pl. of عَمِيمَةٌ [fem. of عَمِيمٌ]. (S, K.) b4: And All [herbs such as are termed]

عُشْب. (Th, K.) عَمَّ in the phrase عَمَّ يَتَسَآءَلُونَ [Respecting what do they ask one another? in the Kur lxxviii. 1] is originally عَمَّا, [for عَنْ مَا,] the ا being elided in the interrogation [after the prep. عَنْ]. (S.) عُمٌّ: see عَمٌّ, last sentence but one: A2: and see also عُمُمٌ.

عَمَّةٌ fem. of عَمٌّ: see the latter, in four places.

عِمَّةٌ A mode of attiring oneself with the turban: so in the saying, هُوَ حَسَنُ العِمَّةِ [He is comely in respect of the mode of attiring himself with the turban]. (S, K.) b2: [And it is vulgarly used as meaning A turban itself, like عِمَامَةٌ; and is used in this sense in the TA in art. علم: see عَلَمْتُ عِمَّتِى near the end of the first paragraph of that art.]

عَمَمٌ The state, or quality, of being collected together, and numerous, or abundant. (K.) b2: And Largeness, or bigness, of make, in men and in others. (K.) b3: See also عُمُمٌ.

A2: Also Complete, or without deficiency; applied to a body, and to a shoulder: (S:) or, applied to the latter, long. (TA.) [See also عَمِيمٌ.] b2: Applied to a beast of the bovine kind, Having all his teeth grown. (As, TA.) [See 8, last sentence; and see عَضْبٌ.] b3: And Any affair, or event, or case, complete [or accomplished], and common or general or universal [app. meaning commonly or generally or universally known]. (K.) b4: And quasi. pl. n. of عَامَّةٌ, q. v. (K.) b5: See also مِعَمٌّ.

عُمُمٌ Completeness of body [or bodily growth], and of wealth, and of youthful vigour, or of the period of youthfulness: so in the phrase اِسْتَوَى

عَلَى عُمُمِهِ, (S, K,) occurring in a trad. of 'Orweh Ibn-Ez-Zubeyr, on his mentioning Uheyhah Ibn-El-Juláh and the saying of his maternal uncles respecting him, كُنَّا أَهْلَ ثُمِّهِ وَرُمِّهِ حَتَّى اسْتَوَى

عَلَى عُمُمِهِ [i. e. We were the masters of the meaner and the better articles of his property until he attained to man's estate, or to his completeness of bodily growth, &c.]; (S;) [or] the meaning is, his completeness of stature and of bones and of limbs: (TA:) also pronounced with teshdeed [or idghám, i. e. ↓ عُمِّهِ], for the sake of conformity [with ثُمِّهِ and رُمِّهِ]; (S, TA;) and by some, ↓ عَمَمِهِ. (TA.) b2: It is also pl. of عَمِيمٌ [q. v.]. (S, K.) عِمَامٌ: see عِمَامَةٌ, first sentence.

عَمِيمٌ A thing complete, or without deficiency: pl. عُمُمٌ. (S. [See also عَمَمٌ.]) b2: Anything collected together, and abundant, or numerous: pl. as above. (K.) b3: Reaching to everything: applied in this sense to perfume. (Har p. 200.) b4: Tall; applied to a man, and to a plant: (TA:) and so عَمِيمَةٌ applied to a palm-tree (نَخْلَةٌ); (S, K;) and to a girl, or young woman; as also ↓ عَمَّآءُ applied to both; of which last word the masc. is ↓ أَعَمُّ: (K:) or عَمِيمَةٌ applied to a woman, (S,) or to a girl, or young woman, (TA,) signifies complete, or perfect, in stature and make, (S, TA,) and tall: (TA:) pl. عُمٌّ, (K,) which is applied to palm-trees (نَخِيلٌ) as meaning tall; (S;) or, accord. to Lh, to a single palm-tree (نَخْلَةٌ), and may be [thus, originally,] of the measure فُعْلٌ, or of the measure فُعُلٌ, originally عُمُمٌ: (TA:) ↓ يَعْمُومٌ, also, signifies tall, applied to a plant, or herbage: (K:) and عَمِيمَةٌ applied to a بَقَرَة [or beast of the bovine kind] signifies complete, or perfect, in make. (TA.) b5: One says also, هُوَ مِنْ عَمِيمِهِمْ, meaning صَمِيمِهِمْ [i. e. He is of the choice, best, or most excellent, of them; or of the main stock of them]. (S, K. *) A2: Also Such as is dry of [the species of barleygrass called] بُهْمَى. (S, K.) عِمَامَةٌ [A turban;] the thing that one winds upon the head: (K:) pl. عمَائِمُ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ عِمَامٌ, (Lh, K,) the latter either a broken pl. of عِمَامَةٌ or [a coll. gen. n., i. e.,] these two words are of the class of طَلْحٌ and طَلْحَةٌ. (TA.) [On the old Arab mode of disposing the turban, see خِمَارٌ.] The عَمَائِم were the crowns of the Arabs. (S, Msb.) أَرْخَى عِمَامَتَهُ [lit. He slackened, or loosened, his turban,] means (assumed tropical:) he became, or felt, in a state of security, or safety, and at ease, or in easy circumstances; (K, TA;) because a man does not slacken, or loosen, his turban but in easy circumstances. (TA.) b2: Also (tropical:) The مِغْفَر [q. v.]: and (tropical:) the helmet: (K, TA:) by some erroneously written with fet-h [to the first letter]. (MF.) b3: And Pieces of wood bound together, upon which one embarks on the sea, and upon which one crosses a river; as also ↓ عَامَّةٌ; or this is correctly عَامَةٌ, without teshdeed; (K, TA;) and thus it is rightly mentioned by IAar. (TA.) عَمَوِىٌّ [Of, or relating to, a paternal uncle;] rel. n. of عَمٌّ; as though formed from عَمًى, or عَمًا. (S.) عَمَّا is for عَنْ مَا when not interrogative.]

عُمِّىٌّ, like قُمِّىٌّ, (K, TA,) with damm, but in the M عم, (TA, [in which this word is thus doubtfully written, and has been altered, perhaps from عَمِّىٌّ, for قُمِّىٌّ is a word which I do not find in any case other than this, and if any word of the measure فُعْلِىٌّ were meant, أُمِّىٌّ would be a much better instance of similarity of form,]) an epithet applied to a man, i. q. عَامٌّ [app. meaning Of the common sort; like عَامِّىٌّ]: (K, TA:) and قُصْرِىٌّ or قَصْرِىٌّ, (accord. to different copies of the K,) in the M قَصْرى, (TA, [there thus written, only with a fet-hah to the ق and the sign of quiescence to the ص,]) signifies [the contr., i. e.] خَاصٌّ. (K, TA.) عُمِّيَّةٌ, (S, K,) like عُبِّيَّةٌ, (S,) and عِمِّيَّةٌ, (K,) [like عِبِّيَّةٌ,] Pride, or haughtiness. (S, K.) عَمَاعِمُ [a pl. of which no sing. is mentioned] Companies of men in a scattered, or dispersed, state. (S, K.) عَامٌّ part. n. of عَمَّ; applied to rain &c. [as meaning Common, or general, or universal; or generally, or universally, comprehensive: &c.: see 1, first sentence: contr. of خَاصٌّ]. (Msb.) b2: See also العَامَّةُ. b3: Also [A general word; i. e.] a word applied by a single application to many things, not restricted, including everything to which it is applicable: the words “ by a single application ” exclude the homonym, because this is by several applications; and the saying “ to many things ” excludes what is not applied to many things, as زَيْدٌ, and عَمْرٌو: and the words “ not restricted ” exclude the nouns of number, for المِائِةُ, for instance, is applied by a single application to many things and includes everything to which it is applicable, but the many things are restricted: and the words “ including everything to which it is applicable ” exclude the indeterminate plural, as in the phrase رَأَيْتُ رِجَالًا, all men not being seen: and the word is either عامّ by its form and its meaning, as الرِّجَالُ, or عامّ by its meaning only, as الرَّهْطُ and القَوْمُ. (KT. [The word in this sense is often used in the lexicons, but is expl. in few of them, as being conventional and post-classical.]) العَامَّةُ is the contr. of الخَاصَّةُ [i. e. the former signifies The commonalty, or generality of people; the people in common or in general; the common people; the common sort; or the vulgar]: (S, Msb, K:) the ة is a corroborative: (Msb:) and ↓ المَعَمَّةُ signifies the same as العَامَّةُ: (IAar, TA voce سَامٌّ:) the pl. of عَامَّةٌ is عَوَامُّ, (Msb,) and ↓ عَمَمٌ is quasi-pl. n. of عَامَّةٌ as contr. of خَاصَّةٌ. (K.) [And one says also ↓ الخَاصُّ وَالعَامُّ as well as الخَاصَّةُ وَالعَامَّةُ, meaning The distinguished and the common people; the persons of distinction and the vulgar. b2: عَامَّةً means In common, or commonly, in general, or generally; and universally. And one says, جَاؤُوا عَامَّةً meaning They came generally, or universally.] عَامَّةُ الشَّهْرِ means The greater part of the month. (TA in art. جذب.) And عَامَّةُ النَّهَارِ means The whole of the day. (TA in art. ادم.) b3: And العَامَّةُ signifies also General, or universal, drought. (TA.) b4: And The resurrection: because [it is believed that all beings living on the earth immediately before it shall die, so that] it will occasion universal [previous] death to mankind. (TA.) A2: See also عِمَامَةٌ.

عَامِّىٌّ Of, or relating to, the عَامَّة [or common people; common; or vulgar; often applied to a word, or phrase]. (Msb.) أَعَمُّ [More, and most, common or general: applied to a word, more, and most, general in signification].

A2: As a simple epithet, with its fem.

عَمَّآءُ: see عَمِيمٌ. b2: Also, the former, Thick (K, TA) and complete [or of full size]; applied in this sense to the middle of a she-camel, in a verse of El-Museiyab Ibn-'Alas. (TA.) A3: See also عَمٌّ, first sentence.

مُعَمٌّ مُخْوَلٌ Having generous, (T, L,) or having many and generous, (S,) paternal and maternal uncles; (T, S, L;) and both are sometimes pronounced with kesr [to the ع of the former and to the و of the latter, i. e. مُخْوِلٌ ↓ مُعِمٌّ: see مُخْوَلٌ in its proper art.]: (S:) or مُعَمٌّ and ↓ مِعَمٌّ, with damm to the [initial] م and with kesr to the same, [but the latter is app. a mistake, occasioned by a misunderstanding of what is said in the S,] signify having many paternal uncles: or having generous paternal uncles. (K.) مُعِمٌّ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مِعَمٌّ, with kesr to the first letter, (K, TA, [in the CK, مِعَمُّ خَيْرِ بكَسْرِ اَوَّلِهِ is erroneously put for مِعَمٌّ بِكَسْرِ أَوَّلِهِ خَيّرٌ,]) One who is good, or very good, (K, TA,) who includes mankind in common, in general, or universally, within the compass of his goodness, (Kr, T, K, TA,) and his superabundant bounty; (T, TA;) and ↓ عَمَمٌ signifies the same: (K:) [see also an ex. and explanation voce مِثَمٌّ, in art. ثم:] مِعَمٌّ is almost the only instance of an epithet of the measure مِفْعَلٌ from a verb of the measure فَعَلَ, except مِلَمٌّ [and مِثَمٌّ, with both of which it is coupled]. (TA.) b2: See also مُعَمٌّ.

المَعَمَّةُ: see العَامَّةُ, first sentence.

مُعَمَّمٌ [Attired with a turban. b2: And hence, (assumed tropical:) Made a chief or lord over others; or] a chief, or lord, who is invested with the office of ordering the affairs of a people and to whom the commonalty have recourse. (TA.) b3: Applied to a horse, (S, K,) and other than a horse, (so in a copy of the S,) (assumed tropical:) White in the ears and the place of growth of the forelock and what is around this, exclusively of other parts: (S:) or white in the هَامَة [or upper part of the head], exclusively of the neck: or white in the forelock so that the whiteness extends to the place of its growth. (K.) And شَاةٌ مُعَمَّمَةٌ (assumed tropical:) A sheep, or goat, having a whiteness in the هَامَة. (S.) رَوْضَةٌ مُعْتَمَّةٌ (tropical:) [A meadow] having abundant and tall herbage. (TA.) يَعْمُومٌ: see عَمِيمٌ.

صقع

1 صَقَعَهُ, (S, Mgh, O, K,) aor. ـَ (O, Mgh, K,) inf. n. صَقْعٌ, (O,) He struck him, or beat him: (K:) or he struck [or slapped] him with his expanded hand: (TA:) [like صَفَعَهُ:] or, (S, Mgh, O, K,) as also ↓ صَوْقَعَهُ, (O, K,) he struck him (S, Mgh, O, K) upon his head, (O, K,) or upon his صَوْقَعَة, (S, O,) [i. e.] upon the top of his head: (Mgh:) this last is the primary signification: and hence, metaphorically, he struck him, or beat him, in an unrestricted sense: (Mgh, * O, TA:) and he struck it, namely, a dry, or tough, and solid thing, with a similar thing; as, for instance, a stone with a stone, and the like: or, as some say, he struck it, namely, anything dry, or tough. (TA.) It is said in a trad., respecting Munkidh, صُقِعَ آمَّةً i. e. He was struck on the top of his head: (O:) or he had his head broken so that the wound reached the membrane over his brain. (TA.) b2: One says also, صَقَعَ بِهِ الأَرْضَ (O, K) He threw him down, or prostrated him, on the ground; (K;) [lit.] he smote the ground with him. (Ibn-'Abbád, O.) b3: And صَقَعَتْهُ الصَّاقِعَةُ i. q. صَعَقَتْهُ الصَّاعِقَةُ, (S, O, K,) The thunderbolt smote him. (TA.) And صُقِعَ He was smitten by a thunderbolt; i. q. صُعِقَ; of the dial. of Temeem: (O:) and so صَقِعَ; (K, TA;) like صَعِقَ. (TA.) b4: And صَقَعَهُ بِكَىٍّ He branded him, or marked him by cauterizing, upon his head, [or his صَوْقَعَة,] or his face. (O, K.) b5: And صَقَعَ الثَّرِيدَةَ, aor. and inf. n. as above, He ate the ثريدة [or mess of crumbled bread with broth] from its صَوْقَعَة [or top, or upper part, or hollow made therein]. (TA. [See also Q. Q. 1.]) A2: صَقْعٌ also signifies The raising of the voice: (O, TA:) and the uttering it by consecutive emissions. (TA.) You say, صَقَعَ بِصَوْتِهِ He raised his voice. (TA.) And hence, (TA,) صَقَعَ said of a cock, (S, O, K,) aor. ـَ (O,) inf. n. صَقْعٌ and صُقَاعٌ (IDrd, O, K) and صَقِيعٌ, (K,) He [crowed, or] uttered a cry: (IDrd, S, O, K:) and so سَقَعَ. (S.) b2: And, accord. to IAar, The being eloquent in speech, and lighting upon the [proper] meanings. (TA.) b3: صَقَعَ بِضَرْطَةٍ, said of an ass, He emitted a sounding wind from the anus, in a moist and dispersed state. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) b4: صَقَعَ البَيْتَ He attached to the tent the rope called صِقَاع [q. v.]. (Az, O, TA.) b5: And صَقَعَ, (S, O, K,) said of a man, (K,) He went away, (S, O, K, TA,) فِى كُلِّ النَّوَاحِى

[in all directions]: (TA:) one says, مَا أَدْرِى أَيْنَ صَقَعَ, (S, O, TA, [but in the second, لَا is put in the place of مَا,]) and بَقَعَ, (TA,) meaning I know not whither he went away: (O, TA:) and the verb is seldom used in this sense without the particle of negation. (TA.) Or it signifies, (K,) or signifies also, (O,) or so صَقِعَ, (S, TA,) like فَرِحَ, not صَقَعَ, (TA,) He deviated from the way, (S, O, K, TA,) and alighted, or descended and abode, alone, by himself: (TA:) or he deviated from the way of goodness and generosity. (IF, O, K, TA.) And صَقْعٌ signifies The going astray; losing one's way; or becoming lost; and perishing; or dying. (TA. [But I think that this is probably a mistranscription for صَقَعٌ, inf. n. of صَقِعَ.]) You say also, صَقِعَ فُلَانٌ نَحْوَ كَذَا Such a one repaired towards such a thing. (TA.) b6: and صَقِعَتِ البِئْرُ, aor. ـَ (A'Obeyd, S,) inf. n. صَقَعٌ, The well collapsed; or broke down. (A'Obeyd, S, K. *) A3: صَقِعَتْ, (TA,) inf. n. صَقَعٌ, (O, K, TA,) said of horses, and of birds, &c., They became white (O, K, TA) in the [صَوْقَعَة, or] uppermost part of the head, (TA,) or in the middle of the head. (O, K.) b2: And [the inf. n.]

صَقَعٌ, in relation to the head, signifies The being bald: or, as some say, the going away of the hair. (TA.) A4: صُقِعَتِ الأَرْضُ The earth, or ground, became overspread with the صَقِيع [i. e. hoarfrost, or rime]; (S, O, Msb, K;) as also ↓ أُصْقِعَت; each with damm. (IDrd, K.) 2 صقّع لَهُ, inf. n. تَصْقِيعٌ, He swore to him respecting a thing: (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K:) and so بقّع له, inf. n. تَبْقِيعٌ. (Ibn-'Abbád, O.) 4 اصقع He (a man, O, TA) entered upon [a time, or a tract, of] صَقِيع [i. e. hoar-frost, or rime]. (IDrd, O, K, TA.) A2: And اصقع الصَّقِيعُ الأَرْضَ, (K, TA,) and الشَّجَرَ, (O, TA,) The صقيع [or hoar-frost] fell, or lighted, upon the earth, or ground, (K, * TA,) and the trees. (O, TA.) and أُصْقِعَتِ الأَرْضُ: see 1, last sentence. And أُصْقِعَ النَّاسُ The men, or people, became overspread with the صَقِيع. (TA.) Q. Q. 1 صَوْقَعَهُ: see 1, first sentence. b2: صَوْقَعَ الثَّرِيدَةَ He spread evenly the ثريدة [or mess of crumbled bread moistened with broth]. (TA.) صُقْعٌ A district, quarter, or tract, syn. نَاحِيَةٌ, (S, O, Msb, K,) of a country: (Msb:) and a place, region, quarter, tract, or point, towards which a person, or thing, goes, tends, or is directed; syn. جِهَةٌ: and a place of alighting, or of descending and stopping or sojourning or abiding or lodging or settling; or a place of abode or settlement; syn. مَحَلَّةٌ: (Msb:) pl. [of pauc.] أَصْقَاعٌ, (O, TA,) and pl. pl. أَصَاقِعُ: (TA:) and صُقْغٌ is a dial. var. thereof. (IJ, TA; and K in art. صقغ.) One says, فُلَانٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ هٰذَا الصُّقْعِ i. e. مِنْ هٰذِهِ النَّاحِيَةِ [Such a one is of the people of this district, &c.]. (S, O.) And هُوَ فِى صُقْعِ بَنِى فُلَانٍ He is in the نَاحِيَة [or district, &c.], and the مَحَلَّة [or place of alighting, &c.], of the sons of such a one. (Msb.) See also مِصْقَعٌ. b2: Also A part, or portion, of the surrounding and inferior sides of a well: pl. أَصْقَاعٌ: but the more approved word is with س. (TA.) صَقَعٌ inf. n. of صَقِعَ. (S, &c.) b2: Also An affection like غَمٌّ, [i. e.] that takes away the breath, (يَأْخُذُ بِالنَّفَسِ, S, O, K, [in the CK, بالنَّفْسِ,]) by reason of the vehemence of the heat. (S, O, K.) صَقِعٌ [Smitten by a thunderbolt: (see its verb, صَقِعَ:) or] smitten as by a thunderbolt from the enemy: so accord. to some: (O, TA:) 'Ows Ibn-Hajar says, أَبَا دُلَيْجَةَ مَنْ لِحَىٍّ مُفْرَدٍ

صَقِعٍ مِنَ الأَعْدَآءِ فِى شَوَّالِ (S, * O, TA, but in the TA أَاَبَا) [which may be rendered O Aboo-Duleyjeh, who is for a solitary tribe, smitten as though by a thunderbolt from the enemies, in Showwál (which was, in the time of the poet, a cold month) ?]: or, accord. to IAar, the meaning here is, in a state of retirement, remote from the enemies; (S, * O;) for when the winter pressed severely upon the man, he used to retire to a distance, lest a guest should alight at his abode; the enemies being the strange guests; and by saying فى شوّال, he means that the cold was in Showwál: (O, TA:) or صَقِعٌ meansabsent and remote, so that one knows not where he is: or that has gone away, and alighted alone, or by himself: (TA:) [pl. صَقْعَى:] see an ex. voce دَقِعٌ.

A2: أَرْضٌ صَقِعَةٌ, (TA,) and ↓ مَصْقُوعَةٌ, Earth, or ground, overspread with the صَقِيع [i. e. hoarfrost, or rime]: (S, Msb, TA:) and in like manner, شَجَرٌ صَقِعٌ, and ↓ مُصْقَعٌ, trees overspread with the صَقِيع. (TA.) صَقْعَةٌ Intenseness of cold; from الصَّقِيعُ [meaning “ hoar-frost,” or “ rime ”]. (TA.) صُقْعَةٌ A whiteness in the middle of the head of a horse and of a bird &c.; (S, O, K;) or in the middle of the head of a black sheep or goat, accord. to Abu-l-Wázi'. (TA.) صَقْعَان Stupid, dull, or wanting in intelligence: but this is a vulgar word. (TA.) صَقَعِىٌّ The first increase, or offspring, (نِتَاج,) [of sheep, or goats,] when the sun smites (تَصْقَعُ) the heads of the lambs or kids: (Aboo-Nasr, O, K: [in the CK, البُهْمِ is erroneously put for البَهْمِ:]) and some of the Arabs call it the شَمْسِىّ, and the قَيْظِىّ: then is the صَفَرِىّ, after the صَقَعِىّ: (Aboo-Nasr, TA:) it is also expl. as signifying such as is brought forth in the [period called] صَفَرِيَّة: (TA: [but see صَفَرِىٌّ:]) and, (O, K,) accord. to Az, (O,) the young camel that is brought forth in [the time of] the صَقِيع [i. e. hoar-frost, or rime]; which is of the best of the increase [of camels]. (O, K.) صِقَاعٌ A piece of rag with which a woman protects her خِمَار [or muffler] from the oil [in her hair], (S, O, K, TA,) putting it on her head; (TA;) as also ↓ صَوْقَعَةٌ: (K:) or this latter signifies a thing by which the head is protected, such as a turban and a خِمَار and a رِدَآء. (TA.) b2: and The [woman's face-veil termed] بُرْقُع (S, O, K) is sometimes thus called. (S, O.) b3: And A thing with which a she-camel's nose is bound, (S, O, K, TA,) as expl. in art. درج [voce دُرْجَةٌ], (S,) when they desire her to affect her young one or the young one of another: or, accord. to A'Obeyd, a piece of rag with which her eyes are bound; that with which her nose is bound, [or stopped, (see 1 in art. ظأر)] when she is made to affect a young one not her own, being termed غِمَامَةٌ. (TA. [But see دُرْجَةٌ.]) b4: And A mark made with a hot iron upon the قَذَال [or back of the head] of a camel. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) b5: And An iron thing that is in the place of [the kind of curb called] the حَكَمَة of the bit. (O, K.) b6: And A thing that is next to the head of the horse, beneath (دُونَ) the larger بُرْقُع. (TA.) b7: The صِقَاع of a tent (خِبَآء) is A rope that is extended from its top, and pulled tight, the two ends of which are tied to two pegs, or stakes, stuck into the ground, when the wind is violent and it is feared that the tent may be thrown down. (O, TA.) صَقِيعٌ The جَلِيد [i. e. hoar-frost, or rime,] that nips, or blasts, (lit. burns, [see أَحْرَقَ,]) the plants, or herbage; (Msb;) what falls from the sky in the night, resembling snow. (S, O, K.) A2: Also A species of زُنْبُور [or hornet]: (O, K:) so says AHát, as having been heard by him from a man of Et-Táïf. (O.) صَاقِعٌ [Deviating from the truth; as is indicated in the TA: and hence,] a liar: (TA:) one says, صَهْ صَاقِعُ i. e. Be silent, O liar. (Yoo, O, K.) صَاقِعَةٌ i. q. صَاعِقَةٌ [i. e. A thunderbolt]: (Fr, S, O, K:) of the dial. of Temeem: pl. صَوَاقِعُ. (TA.) [See also صَاعِقَةٌ.]

صَوْقَعَةٌ The place of the whiteness termed صُقْعَة in the head of a horse and of a bird &c.: (S:) or the middle of the head [in an absolute sense]: (O, K:) or the top, or uppermost part, [of the head, or] of the [cap called] كُمَّة, and of the turban. (O, K, TA: all in art. صفع. [See 1 in that art., where this last meaning is assigned to صَوْفَعَةٌ.]) b2: and A turban [itself]: (O, K:) and any other thing that protects the head: (TA;) accord. to IDrd, a piece of rag which a woman puts upon her head as a protection. (O. See صِقَاعٌ, first sentence.) b3: A piece of rag which is tied upon the top of the [kind of women's camel-vehicle called] هُوْدَج, and which the wind blows about. (TA.) b4: The head [or top] of the [woman's face-veil called]

بُرْقُع. (IAar, TA in this art. and voce شِبَامٌ [q. v.].) b5: The hollow (وَقْبَة) [that is made in the upper part of a dish] of ثَرِيد [or crumbled bread moistened with broth]: (S, O, K, TA:) or the top, or upper part, of ثَرِيد. (TA.) b6: Also The place of a battle in which is much smiting. (IDrd, O, K.) أَصْقَعُ, applied to a horse, and a bird, &c., Having a whiteness in the middle of the head: (S, O, K:) or a horse white in the top of his head: (Mgh:) fem. صَقْعَآءُ, (S, O, K,) applied to an eagle (عُقَاب), (S, O, TA,) and to a female ostrich [&c.]. (TA.) b2: الأَصْقَعُ A certain bird, resembling the عُصْفُور [or sparrow], in the feathers and head of which is a whiteness, found near water; mentioned [in the K] in art. سقع [as with س in the place of ص]: (TA:) accord. to Ktr, (O, TA,) the bird called الصُّفَارِيَةُ [q. v.]: (O, K, TA:) you may form its pl. after the manner of substs. [i. e. saying أَصَاقِعُ], because it is an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates; or after the manner of the epithet [i. e. saying صُقْعٌ]. (TA.) b3: Accord. to AHát, الصَّقْعَآءُ signifies A [bird such as is termed] دُخَّلَة [q. v.], of a dingy colour, small, with a yellow head, short in the زِمِكَّى [or tail] and the legs and the neck: (TA:) or, accord. to him, the صَقْعَآء with a yellowness is a دُخَّلَة of a dingy yellow colour, small, short in the زِمِكَّى and the legs and the neck: and all دُخَّل are with the Arabs of the [birds termed] عَصَافِير and حُمَّر: but the صَقْعَآء with a blackness is a دُخَّلَة of a dingy reddish colour, black in the head, and short in the زِمِكَّى and the neck. (O.) b4: الأَصْقَعُ also signifies The forelock of a horse: or the white forelock thereof. (TA.) b5: And الصَّقْعَآءُ, The sun. (S, O, K.) مَصْقَعٌ A place towards which one tends, repairs, or betakes himself. (TA.) مُصْقَعٌ: see صَقِعٌ, last sentence.

خَطِيبٌ مِصْقَعٌ An eloquent speaker or orator or preacher: (S, O, K:) or one loud in voice: (K:) or one who is not impeded in his speech, and who does not reiterate in speech by reason of inability to say what he would, or is not unable to find words to express what he would say: (Katádeh, O, K:) or one who is skilful, and penetrating, or effective, in his speech: (O:) or one who goes into every ↓ صُقْع, i. e. نَاحِيَة, [meaning province,] of speech: (TA in this art. and in art. رقع:) [said to be] from الصَّقْعُ meaning “ the raising of the voice; ” (O, TA; *) or from الصُّقْعُ [expl. above]; or, as some say, from صَقَعَهُ meaning “ he struck him upon his صَوْقَعَة; ” but this last derivation is far-fetched: (TA:) pl. مَصَاقِعُ. (O, TA.) أَرْضٌ مَصْقُوعَةٌ: see صَقِعٌ, last sentence.

ورش

1 وَرَشَ, (S, A, K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. وُرُوشٌ (K) and وَرْشٌ, (TA,) He took, or reached, or took or reached with the hand, or with the extended hand, (S, A, K,) food, (A, K,) or somewhat thereof, (S,) or a little thereof. (Az.) b2: Also, (K,) inf. n. وَرْشٌ and وُرُوشٌ, (TA,) He ate vehemently and greedily: (Ibn-'Abbád, A, K:) but accord. to IAar, رَوْشٌ, with the rá first, signifies the “ eating much; ” and وَرْشٌ, with the wáw first, the eating little. (TA.) b3: Also, (K,) inf. n. وَرْشٌ, (TA,) He coveted; longed; yearned; eagerly desired; strove to acquire; obtain, or attain. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) You say, وَرَشَ إِليهِ He coveted it; &c. (TK.) b4: وَرَشَ عَلَيْهِمْ, (A, K,) inf. n. وَرْشٌ, (TA,) He came in to them uninvited when they were eating, (A, K, TA,) to get some of their food: and when one has gone in to others while they were drinking, you say, وَغَلَ عَليْهِمْ: but see وَارِشٌ. (TA.) A2: وَرَشَ فُلَانًا بِفُلاَنٍ He incited such a one against such a one: (Ibn-'Abbád, TA:) in the K, erroneously, وَرَشَ فُلَانٌ بِفُلَانٍ. (TA.) See also 2.2 وَرَّشَ بَيْنَ القَوْمِ, (S,) inf. n. تَوْريِشٌ, (S, K,) He excited discord, dissension, disorder, strife, quarrelling, or animosity, between, or among, the people; syn. حَرَّشَ; (S, K;) as also أَرَّشَ (S) [and هَرَّشَ]. See also 1, last signification.

وَرَشَانٌ A certain bird, (S, Mgh, K,) of the pigeon-kind, (AHát, Mgh, Msb,) or resembling the pigeon, (TA,) also called سَاقُ حُرٍّ, (S, Msb, K,) which is the male of the قَمَارِىّ [or kind of collared turtle-doves of which a single female is called قُمْرِيَّةٌ (see قُمْرِىٌّ)], (Msb,) of the birds of the desert, (TA,) the flesh of which is lighter than that of the [common] pigeon: (K:) fem. with ة: (K:) pl. وَرَاشِينُ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and وِرْشَانٌ, (S, Msb, K,) like as كِرُوَانٌ is a pl. of كَرَوَانٌ, contr. to rule. (S.) It is said in a proverb, بِعِلَّةِ الوَرَشَانِ تَأْكُلُ رُطَبَ المُشَانِ [With the pretext of the warashán, thou eatest the fresh ripe dates of the excellent kind called مشان]: (S, A, K:) said to him who pretends one thing and means another: (A, K:) originating from the fact that some people employed a slave belonging to them to guard the fresh ripe dates of their palm-trees, and he used to eat them, and, when reproved for his evil conduct, laid the blame upon the warashán; wherefore this was said to him. (Sgh.) وَارِشٌ One who comes in to a people uninvited, when they are eating; like وَاغِلٌ in the case of beverage: (S:) and, accord. to some, i. q. وَاغِلٌ but others say, that وارش has the first signification only, relating to food: and that of a sponger desiring food. (TA.) See رَاشِنٌ and طُفَيْلِىٌّ.

نفش

1 نَفَشَ, (S, A,) aor. ـُ (S,) inf. n. نَفْشٌ, (S, A, K,) He separated, or plucked asunder, or loosened, a thing, with his fingers, so that it became spread, or sparse, or dispersed; (A, K;) as also ↓ نفّش, inf. n. تَنْفِيشٌ: (S, K:) or the latter has an intensive signification: and accord. to some, the former signifies he separated a thing not difficult to separate, such as cotton and wool: or he pulled wool until its parts became separated, or plucked asunder, or loosened: (TA:) or he spread, or dispersed, a thing. (MF.) You say, نَفَشْتُ القُطْنَ and الصُّوفَ [I separated or plucked asunder, or loosened, with my fingers, &c., the cotton and the wool]. (S, A.) نَفْشٌ is likewise syn. with نَدْفٌ [the separating and loosening cotton by means of a bow and a wooden mallet]. (TA.) You also say, نَفَشَ الــرَّطْبَــةَ, inf. n. as above, meaning, He separated what was collected together, or compacted, in the [kind of trefoil called] رطبــة. (TA.) And, of a cock, (T, S, in art. بول.) or of a حُبَارَى, (K, in that art.,) when about to fight, (T, K. ibid.,) نَفَشَ بُرَائِلَهُ [He ruffled the feathers around his neck]. (T, S, K, ibid.) A2: It is also intrans syn. with انتفش, q. v. (TA.) b2: [And hence,] نَفَشَتِ الغَنَمُ, (S, A, K,) and الإِبِلُ, (S, Msb, K,) accord. to IDrd the former only, but accord. to others the latter also, and in like manner one says of all beasts, though mostly of غَنَم, (TA,) aor. (S, Msb, K) and نَفِشَ, (S, K,) inf. n. نَفْشٌ, (Msb, K,) or نُفُوشٌ, (S,) or both: (TA;) and نَفشت, aor. ـَ (IAar. Sgh, K;) The sheep or goats, and the camels, pastured by night without a pastor: (S, Msb, K:) or without the knowledge of a pastor (TA:) or dispersed themselves by night: (A:) or dispersed themselves and pastured by night without knowledge [of the pastor]: or the sheep or goats entered among seed-produce: (TA:) occurring in the Kur, xxi. 78: (S, TA:) the subst. is نَفَشٌ, signifying their dispersion of themselves and pasturing by night without a pastor. (Msb.) 2 نَفَّشَ see 1, first signification.4 انفش الغَنَمَ, (S, A, K.) and الإِبِلَ, (S, K,) He (the pastor) sent the sheep or goats, and the camels, (K, * TA,) or left them, (S, TA,) to pasture by night without a pastor; (S, K, TA,) neglecting them: (TA:) or to disperse themselves by night. (A.) 5 تَنفّشت الهِرَّةُ, (S, A, K,) and ↓ انتفشت, (S, A,) The cat bristled up her hair. (S, A, K.) and in like manner you say of a hyena. (A, TA, *) And تنفّش الدِّيكُ, (A,) or الطَّاِئرُ, (K,) and ↓ انتفش, (A, TA,) The cock, (A,) or bird, (K,) ruffled, (A,) or shook, (K,) his feathers, as though he feared, (A, K,) or threatened, (A,) or trembled. (K.) 8 انتفش i. q. نَفَشَ used intransitively. [signifying It (a thing, or cotton, and wool, and the like,) became separated, or plucked asunder, or loosened, with the fingers, so that it became spread, or sparse, or dispersed; &c., being] quasi-pass. of نَفَشَ used transitively. (TA.) See also مُنْتَفِشٌ. And see 5, in two places.

نَفَشٌ Wool. (IAar, K.) b2: [Hence, app., the saying,] إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ شَحْمٌ فَنَفَشٌ, [lit., If there be not fat, then let there be wool;] meaning, (assumed tropical:) If there be not action, then [let there be] a show of action: (IAar, Az, L:) or the last word signifies a little milk. (Meyd, cited by Freytag: see his Arab Prov., i. 70:) it also signifies, [and perhaps in the above saying,] (tropical:) abundance of speech or talk, and of pretensions. (MF.) A2: See also 1, at the end.

A3: And see: نَافِشٌ.

نَفَّاشٌ (assumed tropical:) Proud and boastful. or one who praises himself for that which is not in him; or who says that which he does not. (TA.) A2: A kind of لَيْمُون or citron; the limon sponginus sugosus Ferrari; (Delile, Floræ Aegypt. Illustr., no. 749)] of the largest size, (TA.) نَافِشٌ, applied to a camel [and to a sheep or goat]. fem. نَافشةٌ, Msb, part. n. of 1. (Msb, TA.) You say, إِبِلٌ نَافِشَةٌ, Msb, and نَفَشٌ [quasi-pl. p. of نَافِشٌ] (S, K) and نِفَاشٌ (Msb) and نُفَّاشٌ (S, K) and نُفّشٌ [pls. of نَافشٌ] (TA) and نَوَافِشٌ [pl. of نَافِشةٌ], (S, K,) [and in like manner عَنَمٌ,] Camels [and goats] pasturing by night without a pastur: (S, Msb, K; or dispersing themselves and pasturing by ?? without knowledge [of the pastor] (TA:) نَفَشٌ are only by night; but هَمَلٌ, by night and by day (S,) عِهْنٌ مَنْفُوشٌ (S) Wool of ramous colours separated and loosened by means of bow wooden mallet: (Bd, Jel, ei. 4.) and in like manner, ↓ قُطْنٌ مُسْتَفِشٌ [cotton that is separated, or plucked asunder, or loosened, with the fingers, so that it becomes spread, or dispersed. &c., See 1 and 8]. (TA, voce هَيّبَانٌ,) See also مُسْتَفشٌ, below.

مُنْتَفِشٌ: see مَنْفُوشٌ.b2: ?? A female slave having shaggy or dishevelled hair: (A;) شَعْتآءُ. (K) b3: ?? is likewise applied to anything Swollen, or humid, and loose or flaccid or soft within; as also ↓ مُتَعّشٌ. (Az, K.) b4: You say also أَنْفٌ مُنْتفِشٌ (tropical:) A nose short in the مَارِن [is soft part], and spreading upon the face, like the nose of the زَنْجِىّ] (A;) and ?? has the like signification; as also ↓ ??; (TA;) or in means are cad of a nose spreading upon the face: (K:) and ↓ مُتَبَفّشُ المُنْخِريْنِ, in like manner, wide in the two nostrils. (TA.) See also مُنَتَفّسٌ.

مُتَنَفِّشٌ: see مُنْتَفِشٌ, in three places.

نقص

1 نَقَصَ, (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (M, Msb,) inf. n. نُقْصَانٌ (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K) and نَقْصٌ, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) or the former of these two only, the latter being the inf. n. of the trans. verb, (MS,) and نَقِيصَةٌ (M) and تَنْقَاصٌ, (K,) [which last is an intensive form,] said of a thing, (S, M,) intrans., (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) It lost somewhat, decreased, diminished, lessened, wasted, waned, or became defective or deficient or incomplete or imperfect, after having been whole or complete or perfect: (IKtt, Msb, TA:) or he, or it, lost, or suffered loss or diminution, (A, K,) with respect to lot or portion: (K:) and ↓ انتقص signifies the same; (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K;) and so does ↓ تنقّص; (TK, [probably from the TA,] art. أَفن;) and so does ↓ تناقص: (TA:) [or this last signifies it lost somewhat, decreased, &c., gradually; contr. of تزايد.] It is said in a trad., (Mgh,) شَهْرَا عِيدٍ لَا يَنْقُصَانِ, (Mgh, K,) i. e. Ramadán and Dhu-l-Hijjeh, (Mgh,) meaning, Two months of festival are not defective virtually (فِى الحُكْمِ) though they be defective in number [of days]; (K;) i. e. let no doubt occur in your hearts when ye fast nine and twenty days [instead of thirty]; nor if there happen a mistake respecting the day of the pilgrimage, will there be any deficiency in your performance of the rites thereof: (TA:) or, as some say, two months of festival will not be defective in one and the same year; but Et-Taháwee disapproves of this explanation: some say that the meaning is, that though they be defective, or one of them be so, yet their recompense will be complete. (Mgh.) It is also said in a trad., إِنَّ العَمَلَ فِى عَشْرِ ذِى الحِجَّةِ لَا يَنْقُصُ ثَوَابُهُ عَمَّا فِى شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ [Verily the deed that is done on the tenth of Dhu-l-Hijjeh, the recompense thereof will not fall short of that which is in the month of Ramadán: for نَقَصَ عَنْ كَذَا means It fell short of such a thing.] (Mgh.) [On the expression فِى النُّقْصَانِ, as used in grammar, see غَفِيرٌ.]

A2: نَقَصَهُ, (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (Msb,) inf. n. نَقْصٌ, (MS,) [and accord. to the TK تَنْقَاصٌ and نُقْصَانٌ also, which last, however, is said in the MS to be an inf. n. of the intrans. verb only,] He made it to lose somewhat, decreased it, diminished it, curtailed it, lessened it, wasted it, impaired it, took from it, or made it defective or deficient or incomplete or imperfect, after it had been whole or complete or perfect; (Msb;) he made it (i. e. a share, or portion) defective or deficient: (K:) [the pronoun often relates to a man: see an ex. in art. ضوز, and another in art. وكس:] this is the [most] chaste form of the verb, and is that which occurs in the Kur.: (Msb:) ↓ انقصهُ also signifies the same; (M, Msb, K;) and so does ↓ نقّصهُ, (Msb, K,) inf. n. تَنْقِيصٌ: (TA:) but these two are of weak authority, and do not occur in chaste language: (Msb:) and ↓ انتقصهُ signifies the same: (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) or this last signifies he took from it by little and little; as also ↓ تنقّصهُ. (M, * TA [in the latter of which this is plainly said of both of the last two verbs; but in the M, it seems rather to be said of تنقّصه only.]) [See an ex. of the verb followed by من voce طَرَفٌ. You say also, نَقَصَ مِنْهُ كَذَا He cut off from it such a thing.]

b2: نَقَصَ is doubly trans.: (Msb:) you say نَقَصَهُ حَقَّهُ, (A, Mgh, Msb, TA,) inf. n. نَقْصٌ; (A, Mgh;) and in like manner, حَقَّهُ ↓ انتقصهُ; (M, A, * Mgh, * TA; *) He diminished, or impaired, to him his right, or due; endamaged him; or made him to suffer loss, or damage, or detriment, in respect of it; curtailed him, abridged him, deprived him, or defrauded him, of a portion of it; (Msb, * TA;) contr. of أَوْفَاهُ: (TA:) [and he abridged him, deprived him, or defrauded him, of it altogether; for نَقَصَهُ أَهْلَهُ وَمَالَهُ signifies sometimes He deprived him of his family and his property altogether: as appears from the following ex.:] نُقِصَ أَهْلَهُ وَمَالَهُ وَبَقِىَ فَرْدًا [He was deprived of his family and his property, and remained alone]. (T, art. وتر.) الحَقِّ ↓ اِنْتِقَاصُ also signifies The denying, or disacknowledging, the right, or due. (TA.) b3: See also 5.2 نَقَّصَ see نَقَصَهُ.4 أَنْقَصَ see نَقَصَهُ.5 تنقّص: see نَقَصَ.

A2: تنقّصهُ: see نَقَصَهُ. b2: He attributed to him defect, or imperfection; i. e. to a man; (M;) as also ↓ انتقصهُ, and ↓ استنقصهُ: (M, TA:) he attributed or imputed to him, charged him with, or accused him of, a vice, fault, or the like; detracted from his reputation; censured him; reproached him; spoke against him; impugned his character; (S, A, K;) as also ↓ انتقصهُ: (A:) [and نَقَصَهُ signifies the same; for] IKtt says, that ↓ نقص [app. نُقِصَ], inf. n. نَقِيصَةٌ, signifies طعن عليه [app. طُعِنَ عَلَيْهِ]. (TA.) 6 تَنَاْقَصَ see نَقَصَ, where two meanings are assigned to it.8 انتقص: see نَقَصَ.

A2: انتقصهُ: see نَقَصَهُ, in four places. b2: See also 5, in two places.10 استنقص الثَّمَنَ He (the buyer, S) asked, demanded, or desired, a diminution, a lessening, a lowering, or an abatement, of the price. (S, A, K.) b2: See also 5.

نَقْصٌ: see 1. b2: [Used as a subst., Loss, or loss of somewhat, decrease, a state of diminution or lessening or washing or waning, defect, defectiveness, deficiency, incompleteness, or imperfection, after wholeness or completeness, or perfectness; as also ↓ نُقْصَانٌ; and ↓ مَنْقَصَةٌ signifies the same as نَقْص] as here rendered, agreeably with the explanation (i. e. of منقصة) in the PS., which is كَمِىْ: or, accord. to the A, مَنْقَصَةٌ seems to be syn. with نَقِيصَةٌ in the sense assigned to this last in the S, or in certain senses assigned to it in the K, which see below; and thus to be more restricted in application than نَقْصٌ]. (S, TA.) b3: Weakness of intellect: (M, TA:) and weakness with respect to religion and intellect. (TA.) You say, دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ نَقْصٌ فِى دِينِهِ وَعَقْلِهِ [There came upon him a weakness in his religion and his intellect]: but one should not say ↓ نُقْصَانٌ [in this case]: (K:) app. because النَّقْص is “ weakness; ” whereas النُّقْصَانُ is only “ a going away [of part of a thing] after [its having been in] a state of completeness. ” (TA.) نُقْصَانٌ: see 1: b2: see also نَقْصٌ, in two places. b3: It also signifies The quantity that is gone, or lost, of a thing that is decreased or diminished or lessened. (Lth, A, K.) You say, نُقْصَانُهُ كَذَا وَكَذَا The quantity that is gone, or lost, of it is such and such. (TK.) نَقِيصَةٌ: see 1. b2: A defect, an imperfection, a fault, a vice, or the like; syn. عَيْبٌ: (S, TA:) or a low, or base, quality, property, natural disposition, practice, habit, or action; (K, TA;) of a man: (TA:) or a weak quality, &c.: (IDrd, K, TA:) but the attribution of weakness to a quality, &c., requires consideration: and it seems that what is meant by lowness, or baseness, is what leads to نَقْص: (TA:) [↓ مَنْقَصَةٌ, also, accord. to the A, seems to be syn. with نَقِيصَةٌ in one or another of the senses explained above; but its primary signification is probably a cause of نَقْص, like as that of مَبْخَلَةٌ is a cause of بُخْل, and that of مَجْبَنَةٌ a cause of جُبْن: the pl. of نَقِيصَةٌ is نَقَائِصُ: and that of مَنْقَصَةٌ is مَنَاقِصُ.] You say, مَا فِيهِ نَقِيصَةٌ and ↓ مَنْقَصَةٌ [There is not in him any defect, imperfection, fault, or vice, &c.]: and فُلَانٌ ذُو نَقَائِصَ and مَنَاقِصَ [Such a one has defects, &c.]. (A, TA.) A2: As a subst. from تَنَقَّصَهُ and اِنْتَقَصَهُ and اِسْتَنْقَصَهُ, [or, accord. to IKtt, as an inf. n. from نُقِص, and therefore from نَقَصَهُ also, (see 5,)] it signifies The attributing to a man defect, or imperfection: (M:) the attributing or imputing to men, charging them with, or accusing them of, vices, faults, or the like; censuring them; reproaching them; speaking against them; impugning their characters. (K.) A poet says, فَلَوْ غَيْرُ أَخْوَالِى أَرَادُوا نَقِيصَتِى

جَعَلْتُ لَهُمْ فَوْقَ العَرَانِينِ مِيسَمَا [But if others than my maternal uncles had desired to attribute to me defect, &c., I had set a brand upon them above the noses]. (M, TA.) نَاقِصٌ act. part. n. of 1. b2: دِرْهَمٌ نَاقِضٌ signifies A dirhem deficient in weight; (Msb;) light and deficient: and نُقَّصٌ occurs as pl. of ناقص thus applied, agreeably with analogy. (Mgh.) b3: [Hence, فِعْلٌ نَاقِصٌ meaning An incomplete, i. e. a non-attributive, verb: opposed to فِعْلٌ تَامٌّ.]

مَنْقَصَةٌ: pl. مَنَاقِصُ: see نَقِيصَةٌ, in four places: b2: and see also نَقْصٌ.

مَنْقُوصٌ pass. part. n. of نَقَصَهُ. (A, K.)

جز

ى1 جَزَى, aor. ـِ (Msb, K,) inf. n. جَزَآءٌ, (Msb,) It (a thing) paid; gave, or rendered, as a satisfaction; or made, gave, or rendered, satisfaction: (Msb:) or satisfied; sufficed; or contented. (K.) And جَزَيْتُ الدَّيْنَ I paid the debt. (Msb.) and جَزَيْتُ فُلَانًا حَقَّهُ I paid such a one his right, or due. (TA.) And مَا يَجْزِينِى هٰذَا الثَّوْبُ This garment does not suffice me. (TA.)b2: And hence, (TA,) جَزَى عَنْهُ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) [aor. and] inf. n. as above, (Mgh,) It (a thing) paid for him; gave, or rendered, [a thing] as a satisfaction for him; made, gave, or rendered, satisfaction for him; (S, Mgh, Msb,* K;) and some of the lawyers use ↓اجزى in this sense, like اجزأ: (Az, Mgh, Msb:) جَزَى is of the dial. of El-Hijáz, and اجزأ of the dial. of Temeem. (Akh, Msb.) Hence, in the Kur [ii. 45], لَا تَجْزِى نَفْسٌ عَنْ نَفْسٍ

شَيْئًا [A soul shall not give anything as a satisfaction for a soul, i. e. for another soul: or a soul shall not make satisfaction for a soul at all; accord. to the latter rendering, شيئا being put in the accus. case after the manner of an inf. n.]. (S, Msb.) You say also, جَزَتْ عَنْكَ شَاةٌ A sheep, or goat, made satisfaction for thee [as a sacrifice]; (S, TA;) as also ↓أَجْزَتْ: (TA:) Benoo-Temeem say أَجْزَأَتْ, with ء: (S, TA:) this last, thus explained, is a dial, var. mentioned by IKtt (Msb.) And كَذَا عَنْ كَذَا ↓اجزى Such a thing stood, or served, in lieu, in the place, or in stead, of such a thing, without sufficing. (Zj, K.) and قَلِيلٌ مِنْ كَثِيرٍ↓يُجْزِى; and هٰذَامِنْ هٰذَا; A little stands, or serves, in lieu of much; and this, of this. (IAar, TA.) And عَنْهُ مُجْزَى ↓ اجزى

فُلَانٍ and مُجْزَاةَ فُلَانٍ and (as though the augmentative letter [ا in اجزى] were imagined to be rejected, TA) مَجْزَى فلان and مَجْزَاةَ فلان He satisfied, sufficed, or contented, him as such a one; he stood, or served, him in stead of such a one; a dial. var. of اجزأ. (K.) And ↓ اجزى

مُجْزَى غَيْرِهِ It (a thing) satisfied, sufficed, or contented, as another thing; it stood, or served, in stead of another thing. (Msb.) And ↓اجزاكَ, with the [second] objective complement suppressed, It was sufficient for thee. (Mgh.) b3: جَزَاهَ كَذَا (Msb,* TA,) and جَزَاهُ بِهِ (K,) or بِمَا صَنَعَ, (S,) and عَلَيْهِ, (K,) [aor. and] inf. n. as above, (S, K,) He repaid, requited, compensated, or recompensed, him (Msb, K TA) [ for such a thing, for it, or for what he had done]; as also ↓جازاهُ, (S, K,) inf. n. مُجَازَاةٌ and جِزَآءٌ: (K:) or, accord. to Fr, [contr. to many instances in the Kur,] the former verb relates only to good; and the latter, to good and to evil: but accord. to others, the former may relate to good and to evil; and the latter, to evil. (TA.) [See also جَزَآءٌ, below.] One says, in praying for another, جَزَاهُ اللّٰهُ خَيْرًا May God repay him good: and requite, or recompense, him for good [that he has done]. (Msb.) And بِذَنْبِهِ ↓ جَازَيْتُهُ I punished him for his crime, or sin, or act of disobedience. (Msb.) And جَزَى عَنْهُ فُلَانًا He requited, compensated, or recompensed, for him, such a one. (TA.)b4: جَازَيْتُهُ فَجَزَيْتُهُ: see 3.3 جَاْزَىَ see 1, latter part, in two places. b2: [جازاهُ خَيْرًا He prayed for a reward for him from God: or said to him, May God reward thee. (Golius, on the authority of Z.) b3: جازى بِحَرْفٍ and بِظَرْفٍ, He employed a particle, and an adverbial noun, as conditional; to denote that, with what follows, it expresses a condition with its complement. For instance, in the S, voce حَيْثُ, it is said,حَيْثُ مِنَ الظُّرُوفِ الَّتِى لَا يُجَازَى بِهَا إِلَّا مَعَ مَا, i. e. حيث is one of the adverbial nouns that are not employed conditionally, or to denote that, with what follows, they express a condition with its complement, unless with ما affixed thereto. See جَزَآءٌ, below.] b4: ↓ جَازَيْتُهُ فَجَزَيْتُهُ [I vied, or contended, with him in repaying, requiting, compensating, or recompensing, and] I overcame him [therein]. (S.) 4 اجزى: see 1, in seven places.

A2: Also He furnished a knife with a handle; a dial. var. of اجزأ: (Msb, K:) but ISd doubts its being so. (TA.) 6 تجازى دَيْنَهُ, and بِدَيْنِهِ, He demanded payment of his debt. (K.) You say, تَجَازَيْتُ دَيْنِى

عَلَى فُلَانٍ I demanded payment of my debt [owed by such a one]. (S.) b2: تَجَازَيا [They two repaid, requited, compensated, or recompensed, each other]. (TA in art. قرض.) 8 اجتزاهُ He sought, or demanded, of him repayment, requital, compensation, or recompense. (K.) جِزْىٌ [a coll. gen. n., of which the n. un. is with ة]: see what next follows.

جِزْيَةٌ The tax that is taken from the free nonMuslim subjects of a Muslim government; (S, IAth, Mgh,* Msb, K;) whereby they ratify the compact that ensures them protection: (IAth:) [from جَزَى;] as though it were a compensation for their not being slain: (IAth, Mgh:) [or from the Persian گِزْيَهْ:] and also, (metaphorically, Mgh,) (tropical:) a land-tax; (Mgh, K;) a tax that is paid by the owner of land: (TA:) pl. جِزًى (S,) or ↓جِزْىٌ, (Msb,) or both, (K,) [but the latter is, properly speaking, a coll. gen. n.,] and جِزَآءٌ, (K, [in the CK, erroneously, جَزاءٌ,]) like كِتَابٌ. (TA.) جَزَآءٌ Repayment, requital, compensation, or recompense, for a thing; as also ↓; جَازِيَةٌ(K;) a satisfaction, good for good, and evil for evil; (Er-Rághib, TA;) sometimes a reward, and sometimes a punishment: (AHeyth, TA:) [the former word is an inf. n.; see 1;] the latter, a quasi-inf. n.: جَوَازٍ is pl. of the latter, or of the former, or of ↓جَازٍ, accord. to different writers explaining the saying of El-Hoteí-ah, مَنْ يَفْعَلِ الخَيْرَ لَا يَعْدَمْ جَوَازِيَهُ [Whoso doth good, he will not want his rewards, or his rewarders]. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] جَزَآءَ العُطَاسِ In the time between the complimentary prayer addressed to a sneezer (called التَّشْمِيت) and the sneeze; [or as soon as one can compliment a sneezer by repeating the usual prayer of يَرْحَمُكَ اللّٰهُ (God have mercy on thee).] (TA voce مُعَاقِبٌ) b3: [And جَزَآءُ شَرْطٍ An apodosis; the complement, or correlative, of a condition; also called جَوَابُ شَرْطٍ, q.v. in art. جوب b4: And حَرْفُ جَزَآءٍ A particle denoting compensation, or the complement of a condition. And A conditional particle; as إِنْ; also termed حَرْفٌ لِلْجَزَآءِ, and جَزَآءٌ alone, and حَرْفُ شَرْطٍ.]b5: هُوَ ذُو جَزَآءٍ He is possessed of sufficiency, or competence, or wealth. (TA.) جَازٍ [act. part. n. of 1, q. v.]: see جَزَآءٌ b2: هٰذَا رَجُلٌ جَازِيكَ مِنْ رَجُلٍ This is a man sufficient for thee as a man. (S.) جَازِيَةٌ: see جَزَآءٌ.

A2: Also Wild bulls, or cows. (TA.) [See جَازِئٌ.]

مَجْزًى and مُجْزًى are used as inf. ns. of 4.

[See 1.] (K.) مُجْزٍ [act. part. n. of 4. It is said in the TA that مجزى, applied to a camel, signifies Sufficing for a load or burden; and its pl. is مجازى.

And that مجزى لِأَمْرِهِ, applied to a man, signifies Sufficing for his affair. But مجزى in these instances is evidently a mistranscription, for مُجْزٍ; and مجازى, for مَجَازٍ, Mistranscriptions of this Kind are of frequent occurrence in Lexicons.]

مَجْزَاةٌ and مُجْزَاةٌ are used as inf. ns. of 4. [See 1.] (K.)

فسق

1 فَسَقَ is said to signify primarily It (a thing) went forth, from another thing, in a bad, or corrupt, manner. (Msb.) One says, فَسَقَتِ الــرُّطَبَــةُ, (S, O, Msb,) or فَسَقَتِ الــرُّطَبَــةُ عَنْ قِشْرِهَا, (K,) The fresh ripe date came forth from its skin; (S, O, Msb, K;) as also ↓ انفسقت: (IDrd, O, K:) and in like manner فَسَقَ is said of anything as meaning it came forth from its integument: so says EsSarakustee. (Msb.) b2: [Hence] فَسَقَ, aor. ـُ and فَسِقَ, (S, O, Msb, K) the latter aor. mentioned by Akh, (S, O, Msb,) inf. n. فُسُوقٌ (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K) and فِسْقٌ, (S, O, K,) or this latter is a simple subst.; (Msb;) and likewise فَسُقَ, like كَرُمَ, (K, TA,) mentioned by Lh, but not known by Ks; (TA;) He went forth from, departed from, or quitted, (Mgh, Msb, K,) the right way, (Mgh, K,) or the way of truth, (K,) and the limits of the law, (Mgh,) [or the bounds of] obedience; (Msb;) he forsook, relinquished, or neglected, the command of God; he disobeyed; (K;) or i. q. فَجَرَ [meaning as above; or he transgressed; or acted unrighteously, sinfully, wickedly, vitiously, or immorally]. (S, O, K. [See also فِسْقٌ below.]) فَسَقَ عَنْ أَمْرِرَبِّهِ (in the Kur [xviii. 48], O, TA) means He departed (خَرَجَ) from the command of his Lord: (Th, S, O, K:) or from the obeying [of the command] of his Lord: (Fr, O, TA:) and Akh says that this phrase is like اِتَّخَمَ عن الطَّعامِ, (S, O,) meaning عَنْ مَأْكَلِهِ, (S,) or عَنْ أَكْلِهِ الطَّعَامَ; but Th says that there is no need of this [explanation]: or, accord. to AO, it means he declined, or deviated, from obeying the command of his Lord: (O:) for فَسَقَ signifies also he declined, or deviated: (K:) and hence the saying, فَسَقَتِ الرِّكَابُ عَنْ قَصْدِ السَّبِيلِ i. e. [The ridden camels] declined [from the right direction of the way]. (TA.) Sometimes فُسُوقٌ may mean The believing in a plurality of gods: and it may mean the committing sin. (A Heyth, O.) And it is said to mean The calling one another by names of reproach: (Zj, * Mgh, TA:) or the saying “ O Jew,” and “ O Christian,” after one has become a believer: thus in the Kur xlix. 11. (TA.) b3: One says also, فَسَقَ فِى

الدُّنْيَا, inf. n. فِسْقٌ, meaning He had a wide, or an ample, range in respect of worldly things, and made them light and easy to himself, being without restraint in his management of them, not making them strait to him. (Ktr, Sh, TA.) b4: And فَسَقَ مَالَهُ He made away with his property; and disposed of it, or spent it. (TA.) 2 تَفْسِيقٌ is the contr. of تَعْدِيلٌ: (O, K, TA:) one says فسّقهُ, (O, TA,) inf. n. تَفْسِيقٌ, (TA,) He (the judge) pronounced him to be characterized by فِسْق [q. v.]: (O, TA:) he attributed to him فِسْق. (TA.) 7 إِنْفَسَقَ see 1, second sentence. b2: [Hence,] انفسق مِنَ الخَيْرِ, said of the فَاسِق, He divested himself, or became divested, of good. IDrd, O.) فِسْقٌ is an inf. n., (S, O, K,) or a simple subst., (Msb,) from فَسَقَ [q. v]: (S, O, Msb, K:) unless as signifying [simply] A going forth, or a departure, it is said to be a word unknown before ElIslám, and to have become so much used in its legal acceptation as to be, when so used, conventionally regarded as proper (MF, TA:) [thus used,] it signifies a going forth, or departure, from the right way, (K, TA,) which is said to be the primary meaning, (TA,) or from the way of truth; (K, TA;) or from the truth, or that which is right, as in the phrase وَإِنَّهُ لَفِسْقٌ, (O, K, [in the CK لَفَسِقٌ, a strange mistake,]) in the Kur [vi. 121]; (O;) or a relinquishment, or neglect, of the command of God; (Lth, O, K;) and an inclining to disobedience; (Lth, O;) or also disobedience [itself]; (K;) or i. q. فُجُورٌ [meaning as above; or transgression; or unrighteous, sinful, wicked, vitious, or immoral, conduct]: (O, K:) it is said by El-Isbahánee to be a more general term than كُفْرٌ; applying to few sins, misdeeds, transgressions, or acts of disobedience, or to little thereof; and also, to many, or much thereof; but is commonly known as applying to the latter: and it is related on the authority of Málik that in the Kur vi. 146 it means such as is slaughtered: (TA:) [being used as a subst.,] it sometimes has a pl., which is فُسُوقٌ. (TA.) فُسَقٌ (Lth, O, K) and ↓ فِسِّيقٌ, (Lth, S, O, K,) applied to a man, Always characterized by فِسْق. (Lth, S, O, K.) b2: يَافُسَقُ means يَا أَيُّهَا الفَاسِقُ [O thou فَاسِق]; (S, O, K;) like يَا خُبَثُ, meaning يَا أَيُّهَا انخَبِيثُ; فُسَقُ being determinate, as is shown by their saying يَا فُسَقُ الخَبِيثُ, thus prefixing ال to خبيث: (S, O:) and to a woman they say ↓ يَا فَسَاقِ, like قَطَامِ, (S, O, K,) meaning يَا فَاسِقَةُ (K) [or rather يَا أَيُّهَا الفَاسِقَةُ].

فَسْقِيَّةٌ, with fet-h, [often pronounced فِسْقِيَّة,] a post-classical word, [arabicized, from the Lat.

“ piscina,”] i. q. مُتَوَضَّأٌ [properly A place, here meaning a tank, or basin, in which the ablution termed وُضُوْء is performed: now commonly applied to a basin, or shallow pool, of water, in the court of a house, or in a room, generally having in the centre a fountain that throws up water:] pl. فَسَاقِيُّ. (TA.) فَسَاقِ: see فُسَقٌ فِسِّيقٌ: see فُسَقٌ فَاسِقٌ Going forth, or departing, or one who goes forth, or departs, [from the right way, or the way of truth, and the limits of the law, or] from [the bounds of] obedience; (Msb;) disobedient [to God]; (Mgh, TA;) [transgressing, or a transgressor; unrighteous, sinful, wicked, vitious, or immoral;] mostly applied to one who has taken upon himself to observe what the law ordains, and has acknowledged its authority, and then fallen short of observance in respect of all, or of some, of its ordinances: and when the person fundamentally, or utterly, an unbeliever is thus termed, it is because he falls short of observing the ordinance that the intellect renders obligatory on him and that the natural constitution with which he was created in his mother's womb requires to be conceded; hence the believer is contrasted with him in the Kur xxxii. 18; so فَاسِقٌ is a more general term than كَافِرٌ; and ظَالِمٌ is a more general term than فَاسِقٌ: (El-Isbahánee, TA:) accord. to IDrd, (O,) the فَاسِق is thus called because of his divesting himself, or becoming divested, of good: (O, K:) the word has not been heard in the speech of the people of the Time of Ignorance, (IAar, S, O, Msb, K,) nor in their poetry, (IAar, S, O, K,) though it is an Arabic word, (IAar, S, O, Msb, K,) and a chaste one, and the Kur-án has used it: (IAar, Msb:) the pl. is فَسَقَةٌ and فُسَّاقٌ: (Msb:) فَوَاسِقُ, [pl. of فَاسِقَةٌ,] applied to women, signifies فَوَاجِرُ [generally meaning adulteresses, or fornicatresses]. (TA.) b2: The five animals, or living things, (الحَيَوَانَاتُ الخَمْسُ, [specified voce حَيَوَانٌ,]) are metaphorically termed فَوَاسِقُ [as though meaning (tropical:) Transgressors] (Mgh, Msb) because of their noxiousness, (Mgh,) or because of their much, or frequent, noxiousness and harmfulness, so that they may be killed in the case of freedom from إِحْرَام and in the state of إِحْرَام, and in prayer, which is not rendered ineffectual thereby: (Msb:) or because of their being out of the pale of inviolability: or, as some [unreasonably] say, because the eating of them is forbidden. (Mgh.) فَاسِقِيَّةٌ A certain mode of attiring oneself with the turban. (Z, O, K.) One says, تَعَمَّمَ فُلَانٌ الفَاسِقيَّةَ [Such a one attired himself with the turban in the mode termed الفاسقيّة]. (TA.) الفُوَيْسِقَةُ The rat, or mouse; syn. الفَأْرَةُ: (S, O, K:) so called because it comes forth from its hole upon people: (O, K:) or, accord. to Z, because it does mischief in houses: and it is said in a trad. that it is to be killed: the word is the dim. of فَاسِقَةٌ. (TA.) أَفْسَقُ [More, or most, characterized by فِسْق]. The Arabs say, لَعَنَ اللّٰهُ أَفْسَقِى وأَفْسَقَكَ, meaning, الأَفْسَقَ مِنَّا [i. e. May God curse the more characterized by فِسْق, of us, or of me and thee]. (Fr, O.)