خسف

1 خَسَفَ, aor. ـِ (JK, S, Msb, K,) inf. n. خَسْفٌ, (JK,) or خُسُوفٌ, (S, K,) or both; (Msb;) [and ↓ انخسف;] It (a place) sank, (JK, Msb,) or went away, into the ground, or earth, (S, Msb, K,) with what was upon it. (JK.) You say, الأَرْضُ ↓ انخسف, [and خَسَفَت,] The ground sank [into the earth] with what was upon it. (TA.) And بِهِ الأَرْضُ ↓ انخسفت, (JK,) or به الارض ↓ انخسف, and خُسِفَ به الارض, (TA,) and خَسَفَتْ, (Msb in art. سوخ,) The ground sank with him, or it: (JK:) or the ground, or earth, [swallowed up him, or it; or] took and enclosed him, or it. (TA.) And البِئْرُ ↓ انخسفت The well [sank and collapsed; or] went away into the earth with its casing of stones and wood. (Mgh.) And خَسَفَ فِى الأَرْضِ and خُسِفَ بِهِ [He, or it, sank into the ground, or earth, and became swallowed up, or enclosed, or concealed, therein]. (S.) It is said in the Kur [xxviii. 82], accord. to one reading, لَخُسِفَ بِنَا [We had been swallowed up by the earth]: (S:) accord. to another reading, (that of 'Abd-Allah, S, i. e. Ibn-Mes'ood, TA,) بنا ↓ لَانْخُسِفَ, (S, K,) in the pass. form; (K;) [meaning the same;] like as one says, اُنْطُلِقَ بنا. (S.) You say also, خَسَفَتْ عَيْنُ المَآءِ The spring of water sank, or went away, into the earth. (Msb, K. *) And العَيْنُ ↓ انخسفت The eye sank, or became depressed, in the head; syn. غَارَتْ; (Msb in art. غور;) [and so خَسَفَت, inf. n. خُسُوفٌ; for] خُسُوفُ العَيْنِ signifies The eye's going away into the head: (S:) or ↓ انخسفت signifies its black, or part surrounded by the white, disappeared in the head: (Mgh:) or this last, (K,) as quasi-pass. of the trans. v. خَسَفَ, (TA,) (tropical:) it (the eye) became blind; as also ↓ أَخْسَفَت; (K, TA;) and [in like manner]

خَسَفَت (assumed tropical:) it (the eye) lost its light [or sight]. (Msb.) b2: [Hence, app.,] خَسَفَ القَمَرُ, inf. n. خُسُوفٌ; (S, Msb, K;) and خُسِفَ; (TA;) (assumed tropical:) The moon [suffered eclipse, or became eclipsed, or] lost its light, or part of its light; (Msb;) i. q. كَسَفَ: (S, * Msb, * K:) and خَسَفَتِ الشَّمْسُ and كَسَفَت both signify the same [i. e. the sun suffered eclipse, &c.]: (Mgh:) or one says كَسَفَت of the sun, and خَسَفَ of the moon, (Th, S, Msb, K,) accord. to the more approved usage: (Th, S, Msb:) or, in the common conventional language, الكُسُوفُ is the partial loss of the light of the sun, and الخُسُوفُ is the total loss of the light thereof: (AHát, Msb:) or الخسوف is the partial loss of the light of the sun, and الكسوف is the total loss thereof, (K, TA,) accord. to AHát: (TA:) الخسوف often occurs in the trads., as said of the sun; though the term commonly known in the classical language is الكسوف [in this case]: and it is said in a trad., إِنَّ الشَّمْسَ وَ القَمَرَ لَايَخْسِفَانِ لِمَوْتِ أَحَدٍ أَوْ لِحَيَاتِهِ [Verily the sun and the moon suffer not eclipse for the death of any one or for his life]; predominance being in this instance attributed to the moon, as being masc., over the sun, which is fem. (IAth.) b3: Also, inf. n. خَسْفٌ, (assumed tropical:) It (a thing) became defective or deficient; suffered loss or diminution. (K.) b4: (tropical:) It (the body) became lean, or emaciated. (TA.) And خَسَفَتْ, said of camels and of sheep or goats, (tropical:) They became lean, or emaciated. (TA. [This meaning is there indicated, but not clearly expressed. See خَسْفَةٌ. Accord. to the KL, the inf. n. خَسْفٌ signifies The being vile, abject, or contemptible: and also the being lean, or emaciated: and hence Golius, on that authority, has rendered the verb as meaning vilis et macer fuit.]) b5: Also (assumed tropical:) It (the colour, or complexion, of a person) became altered, or altered for the worse. (TA.) b6: And (tropical:) It (a thing, K, as, for instance, a roof, TA) became pierced with a hole, or rent; (K, TA;) as also ↓ انخسف. (TA.) b7: And, خَسَفَت, said of a she-camel, (tropical:) She, after yielding abundant milk, soon stopped [its flow] in winter. (K, TA.) b8: And, said of a well, It was, or became, such as is termed خَسِيفٌ [q. v.]. (TA.) b9: And خَسَفَ, said of a man, (tropical:) He recovered from a disease. (IDrd, K, TA.) A2: خَسَفَ, (JK, Msb, TA,) aor. ـِ (Kur xvi. 47, &c,) inf. n. خَسْفٌ, He (God) made a place, (JK, Msb,) or the ground, (TA,) to sink, (JK, Msb, TA,) or go away, into the earth, (Msb,) with what was upon it. (JK, TA.) And خَسَفَ بِهِ الأَرْضَ, (S, K,) inf. n. خَسْفٌ, (S,) He (God) made him, or it, to disappear in the earth, or ground: (S, K:) [or made the earth, or ground, to sink with, and swallow up, him, or it:] whence, in the Kur [xxviii. 81], فَخَسَفْنَا بِهِ وَبِدَارِهِ الأَرْضَ [And we made the ground to sink with, and swallow up, him and his mansion]. (S.) and خَسَفْتُ عَيْنَ المَآءِ I made the spring of water to sink, or go away, into the earth. (Msb.) b2: خَسَفَ عَيْنَ فُلَانٍ, (K, TA,) aor. ـِ inf. n. خَسْفٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) He put out, or blinded, the eye of such a one, (K, * TA,) so that the black, or part surrounded by the white, disappeared in the head. (TA.) b3: خَسَفَ الشَّىْءَ, (K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) (tropical:) He made a hole in, or rent, the thing. (K, TA.) b4: And (assumed tropical:) He cut, or cut off, the thing. (K.) b5: خَسَفَ البِئْرَ, (K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) He dug the well in stones, so that it yielded an abundant and unceasing flow of water: (K, TA:) or he dug the well by piercing through its mountain [or rock] to the water beneath so that it would never become exhausted: or he dug the well so as to reach an unceasing, or a copious, source of water. (TA.) Hence the saying of 'Omar, in reply to a question of El-'Abbás respecting the poets, اِمْرَأُ القَيْسِ سَابِقُهُمْ خَسَفَ لَهُمْ عَيْنَ الشِّعْرِ, i. e. (assumed tropical:) [Imra-el-Keys is he who has the precedence of them:] he has made the source of poetry to well forth abundantly to them. (TA.) b6: خَسَفَ النَّاقَةَ, inf. n. as above, (tropical:) He (God) made the she-camel, after yielding abundant milk, soon to stop [its flow] in winter. (K, TA.) b7: خَسْفٌ also signifies The confining a beast without fodder: (K, TA:) or making a beast to pass the night without fodder: (Ham p. 290:) and (hence, TA) (tropical:) the constraining a man to do that which he dislikes, or hates; (JK, Ham ibid., K, TA;) as also خُسْفٌ: (JK:) and (hence, Ham) (tropical:) the lowering, humbling, or abasing, another: (Ham, * K, TA:) whence, سُمْتُهُ الخَسْفَ, (Ham,) or سَامَهُ خَسْفًا, &c.: [explained below: see خَسْفٌ:] (TA:) and the verb of خَسْفٌ in these three senses is خَسَفَ. (T, K.) 4 أَخْسَفَتِ العَيْنُ: see 1.

A2: اخسف, said of a well-sinker, (assumed tropical:) He found his well to be such as is termed خَسِيف [q. v.]: (JK:) or he produced an abundant flow of water. (TA.) 7 إِنْخَسَفَ see 1, in nine places.

خَسْفٌ [an inf. n. of 1: and hence several of the significations here following.] Deep places in the ground (عُمُوقُ ظَاهِرِ الأَرْضِ; in the CK عُمُوقُ ماءِ الارضِ); as also ↓ خُسْفٌ. (K, TA.) b2: The place whence the water of a well issues. (Az, S, K.) In the following saying of Sá'ideh El-Hudhalee, أَلَا يَا فَتَى مَا عَبْدُ شَمْسٍ بِمِثْلِهِ يُبَلُّ عَلَى العَادِى وَ تُؤْبِى المَخَاسِفُ the last word is pl. of خَسْفٌ [app. as signifying A source of water], after the manner of مَشَابِهُ and مَلَامِحُ: (TA:) the meaning is, [Truly, O young man, what is 'Abd-Shems? i. e.] how great a person is 'Abd-Shems! by the like of him the enemy is overcome [and the sources of water become difficult of access]. (M in art. بل.) b3: A cloud, or collection of clouds, that has risen and appeared from the direction of the extreme west, [as North-western Africa is called by the Arabs,] from [the quarter of] the right of the Kibleh [to one who is on the north-east of Mekkeh, towards El-'Irák]: (Lth, K:) or it signifies, (JK, TA,) [and] so ↓ خِسْفٌ and ↓ خَسِيفٌ, (K,) a cloud, or collection of clouds, that has risen and appeared مِنْ قِبَلِ العَيْنِ, bearing much water; (JK, K, TA;) i. e., from [the quarter of] the right of the Kibleh [as explained above]. (TA.) A2: (tropical:) Deficiency, or imperfection; a fault; or a low, or base, quality; (S, K, TA;) as also ↓ خَسِيفَةٌ. (TA.) One says, رَضِىَ فُلَانٌ بِالخَسْفِ (tropical:) Such a one was content with deficiency, or imperfection; &c. (S, TA.) b2: (assumed tropical:) Leanness, or emaciation; (TA;) as also ↓ خَسِيفَةٌ. (JK.) b3: [See also 1, last sentence. b4: Hence,] بَاتَ القَوْمُ عَلَى الخَسْفِ (tropical:) The party passed the night in a state of hunger, not having anything wherewith to feed themselves: (TA:) and بَاتَ فُلَانٌ الخَسْفَ (tropical:) Such a one passed the night hungry: (S, K, TA:) and شَرِبْنَا عَلَىٰ الخَسْفِ (tropical:) We drank without eating. (IAar, IDrd, K, TA.) A poet says, بَتْنَا عَلَى الخَسْفِ لَا رِسْلٌ نُقَاتُ بِهِ حَتَّى جَعَلْنَا حِبَالَ الرَّحْلِ فُصْلَانَا [We passed the night in a state of hunger: there was no milk wherewith we might be fed, until we made the ropes of the camel's saddle to serve as young camels]: i. e. we had no food until we bound the she-camels with ropes in order that they might yield us milk [as though they had young ones to suckle], and we might feed ourselves with their milk. (O, TA.) [See also another ex., in a verse of Dhu-r-Rummeh, cited voce إِلَّا, p. 78.] b5: [Hence, also,] سَامَهُ خَسْفًا and ↓ خُسْفًا, (S, K,) and سَامَهُ الخَسْفَ, (S, Msb,) (tropical:) He brought upon him abasement, or ignominy: (S, Msb, K:) or he required, or constrained, him to do an affair of difficulty; and to become in a state of abasement, or ignominy. (S, TA.) [See also two similar phrases voce خُطَّةٌ.] b6: [And hence,] خَسْفٌ signifies also (assumed tropical:) Wrong, wrongdoing, injustice, injuriousness, or tyranny. (TA.) [and سَامَهُ خَسْفًا, or الخَسْفَ, sometimes means (assumed tropical:) He brought upon him wrong, &c.]

A3: See also the next paragraph.

خُسْفٌ: [see 1, last sentence: and] see خَسْفٌ, in two places. b2: دَعِ الأَمْرَ بِخُسْفٍ means (assumed tropical:) Leave thou the thing, or affair, as it is. (Sgh, K.) A2: The [fruit called] جَوْز, which is eaten; [i. e. the walnut, or walnuts;] (AA, AHn, K;) of the dial. of the people of Esh-Shihr; (AA;) as also ↓ خَسْفٌ: (AA, K:) accord. to ISd, the former is the correct word: (TA:) n. un. with ة. (JK.) خِسْفٌ: see خَسْفٌ.

خَسْفَةٌ [app. A leanness, or an emaciation: see 1, and see also خَسْفٌ]: this befalls camels, and sheep or goats, in the heat and in the cold. (A, TA.) A2: Also sing. of ↓ أَخَاسِيفُ, (JK,) which signifies Soft tracts of land: (S, K, * TA:) or level lands: (JK:) and one says also ↓ أَخَاسِفُ [and thus the word is written in the CK]. (Fr, TA.) One says, مِنَ الأَرْضِ ↓ وَقَعُوا فِى أَخَاسِيفَ They became in soft tracts of land. (S.) [See also أَخَاشِفُ, in art. خشف.]

خَسَوفٌ: see the next paragraph.

خَسِيفٌ (tropical:) A spring, or source, (عَيْنٌ, [shown in the TA to have this meaning here,]) sinking, or going away [into the earth]; as also ↓ خَاسِفٌ; (K, TA;) in like manner without ة. (TA.) b2: (assumed tropical:) A well (بِئْرٌ) dug in stones, so that it yields an abundant and unceasing flow of water; (S, K;) as also خَسِيفَةٌ and ↓ خَسُوفٌ and ↓ مَخْسُوفَةٌ; (K;) or, as some say, خَسِيفٌ only: (TA:) or this signifies a well pierced through its mountain [or rock] to the water beneath so that it never becomes exhausted; (JK, TA;) as also ↓ مَخْسُوفَةٌ: (JK:) or a well dug so as to reach an unceasing, or a copious, source of water: (TA:) pl. [of pauc.]

أَخْسِفَةٌ (JK, K) and [of mult.] خُسُفٌ. (S, K.) b3: (tropical:) A she-camel that yields abundant milk, but soon stops [its flow] in winter. (K, TA.) [And] with ة, (assumed tropical:) A she-camel that yields abundant milk. (JK.) b4: See also خَسْفٌ. b5: عَيْنٌ خَسِيفَةٌ (Mgh, K, TA) and ↓ خَاسِفَةٌ (JK, Mgh) (tropical:) An eye put out, or blinded; (JK, K, TA;) of which the black, or part surrounded by the white, has disappeared in the head. (JK, Mgh, TA.) A2: الخَسِيفَان, thus correctly written, as in the L, and so in the Nawádir of Aboo-'Amr Esh-Sheybánee, and in the Tedhkireh of Aboo-'Alee El-Hejeree, who asserts that the ن is the ن of the dual, and in one dial. with damm, [so that the word is written الخَسِيفَانِ and الخَسِيفَانُ,] and on whose authority is mentioned the saying هُمَا خَلِيلَانُ, with damm to the ن, [so that each is a dual in form, though not in signification,] but in the O and the K ↓ الخَيْسَفَانُ, [in the CK الخِيسَفَانُ,] with fet-h to the س, and [↓ الخَيْسُفَانُ,] with damm to that letter, (TA,) Bad dates: (O, K:) so in the Nawádir and Tedhkireh above mentioned: (TA:) or a palm-tree that bears a small quantity of fruit, and of which the unripe dates turn bad. (O, K.) خَسِيفَةٌ [as an epithet, fem. of خَسِيفٌ, q. v.:] as a subst.: see خَسْفٌ, in two places.

خَاسِفٌ, and its fem., with ة: see خَسِيفٌ, in two places. b2: Also (tropical:) Lean, or emaciated. (S, K.) b3: (assumed tropical:) A body altered, or altered for the worse. (A, TA.) (assumed tropical:) A man (JK) altered, or altered for the worse, in colour, or complexion, (JK, Ibn-'Abbád, K,) and in aspect. (JK.) b4: (tropical:) Hungry. (AHeyth, TA.) b5: (assumed tropical:) A boy light, or active, (K, TA,) and brisk, lively, or sprightly; as also خَاشِفٌ. (TA.) b6: (assumed tropical:) A man convalescent; or recovering from disease; syn. نَاقِهٌ: (AA, K: [see 1:]) pl. خُسُفٌ. (K.) الخَيْسَفَانُ and الخَيْسُفَانُ: see خَسِيفٌ.

أَخَاسِفُ and أَخَاسِيفُ: see خَسْفَةٌ, in three places.

المُخَسَّفُ The lion. (TS, K.) مَخْسُوفَةٌ, applied to a well: see خَسِيفٌ, in two places.

المَخَاسِفُ: see خَسْفٌ.

قوس: قوس: أطلق البندقية، أطلق رصاصة من البندقية (بوشر، همبرت ص136، هلو) وفي محيط المحيط: وقوس البارودة ونحوها: أطلقها وهذه من كلام العامة. ويقال: قوس قواسة (بوشر). وقوس طائرا: أطلق على طائر وهو في الهواء.
وقوس حاططا: أطلق على طائر وهو واقف. (بوشر).
قوس: قذافة، وهي آلة قديمة تقذف السهام والكرات والحجارة وغيرها. (فوك، بوشر) وفي المعجم اللاتيني -العربي: قوس الرومي: ( balista) ويذكر فوك أنواعا من الأقواس منها: قوس إفرنجي: قذافة ذات حلق، وقوس العقار: قذافة كبيرة توتر بالقدمين، وقوس اليد: قذافة صغيرة توتر باليد وقوس اللولب: قذافة توتر بآلة لولبية، وهذه الآلة هي القذافة المحدبة الظهر. (فهرست الأسلحة ص10) وقد ذكرت هذه الآلة في مخطوطة كوبنهاجن المجهولة الهوية. ففي (ص28) منها: وقيل أن سبب وفاته كان من سهم أصابه وهو في خبائه على شنترين من قوس اللولب.
ويذكر فوك أيضا: قوس عربي، وقوس تركي، وقوس حربي دون أن يفسرها.
وتوجد أيضا قوس الحسبان. (انظرها في مادة حسبان) وقوس الرجل وهي الجروخ. (الجريدة الآسيوية 1848، 2: 213 رقم 4) وقوس الزيار (انظرها في مادة زيار).
قوس: قربينة، بندقية قديمة الطراز، وكانت القربينة قبل أن تكون سلاحا ناريا سلاحا للقذف (قذافه) وهذا ما يحملني على الظن أن عرب الأندلس أطلقوا اسم قوس على القذافة L'arquabus: والفعل alcauciar يستعمل في كولومبيا بمعنى arquebuser أي رمى بالقذافة. أنظر كيرثو، ملاحظات نقدية مختصر على لغة البوغوتان سنة 1876 ص132) وهي مشتقة من كلمة القوس. (نظر: قوس بالعربية).
طلع قوس عمادي: (انظرها في مادة طلع) قوس: سهم (الكالا) وفيه frachero: رامي بالقوس.
قوس: كرية، وهي نابض (زنبرك) في السلاح الناري. (بوشر).
قوس ندف (محيط المحيط) وقوس الندافة، وقوس النداف: مندف ومندفة، خشبة النداف التي يطرق بها الوتر ليرقق القطن والصوف، وهي خشبة فيها انحناء قليل؛ في أحد طرفيها خشبة تكاد تكون مربعة يربط في أسفلها وتر ويربط هذا الوتر في الطرف الآخر.
وعلى هذا الوتر يضرب النداف. (البكري ص48).
وفي رحلة ابن جبير (ص134): قوس القطانين.
قوس: حنية، قنطرة، عقد البناء (بوشر، هلو).
قوس القنطرة: عقد، قنطرة صغيرة، تقويسة. عقد القبة. (بوشر).
قوس: صحن المسجد، وهو مرادف بهو وبلاط. (معجم الإدريسي).
قوس: قسم من صحن المسجد يسع نحوا من عشرة أشخاص.
ففي كرتاس (ص36 - 37): لأن في كل بلاط 21 قوسا يجلس في كل قوس عشرة من الرجال.
دار الأقواس: مثعب، مجرى ماء، قناة ماء (شيرب).
قوس المركب: صالب المركب، عارضة رئيسة تمتد على طول قعر المركب، حيزوم المركب. (فوك).
قوس: عود، قوس كمنجة. (بوشر، لين عادات 2: 75).
قوس: قوس قزح. ويسمى أيضا: قوس الله، وقوس السماء، وقوس السحاب (الثعالبي ثمار القلوب ص3 و)، وقوس قدح (انظره في مادة قدح) وقوس النبي في المغرب. (الكالا، بوشر، بربرية)، شيرب (جزائرية)، دوماس حياة العرب ص350) وقوس الماء (بوسييه) وانظر: فورشنجن (ص153)
قوس الخراط: مخرط، آلة تقشر العود وتسويه وتجعل خشبه كالعمود (فوك) وقد كتبت به هذه الكلمة قوش بالشين.
قوس: كلة، ناموسية. (الكالا).
فرس: ذراع، مقياس طوله 50 سنتمترا. (هلو).
قواس، وقواسة: طلقة بندقية. (همبرت ص135، بوشر).
قويسة، وقويسة العين: ناعمة، شالبية، سليمي، سالمة، وهو نبات عطري (بوشر).
قواس: صاحب القوس وصانعها والرامي بها (محيط المحيط، الكالا، أبو الوليد ص652، ص661).
قواس: حامل القربية وصانع القربية وهي بندقية قديمة. (فوك).
قواس: من اعتاد الصيد بالبارودة. (محيط المحيط).
قواس: شرطي. من يضبط الامن، دركي (بوشر). وهي قواس بالصاد في ألف ليلة (3: 221، وبرسل 5: 225).
قواس المحكمة: بواب المحكمة، حارس المحكمة (بوشر).
قواس: خادم يحمل عصا يتقدم سيده ليفسح له الطريق ويتلقى أوامره. (صفة مصر 18، القسم الأول ص326 - 327).
أقواسي: صانع الأقواس (لين عادات 2: 143).
مقوس. قام على مقوس، أي على الحفاظ (ديوان الهذليين ص127).

قوس

1 قَاسَ الشَّىْءَ بِغَيْرهِ, and عَلَى غَيْرِهِ, aor. ـُ inf. n. قَوْسٌ (S, K *) and قِيَاسٌ, (S,) i. q. قَاسَهُ, aor. ـِ inf. n. قَيْسٌ (S, K *) and قِيَاسٌ; (S;) i. e., He measured the thing by another thing like it; [both in the proper sense and mentally; but the latter verb is the more common, though the former, accord. to the JK, is the original;] (S, TA;) and so الشَّىْءَ بِغَيْرِهِ ↓ اقتاس: (S, K: *) but you should not say ↓ أَقَسْتُهُ for قُسْتُهُ or قِسْتُهُ. (S.) A2: قَوِسَ: see 5.2 قَوَّسَ see 5, in two places.

A2: قوّسهُ, inf. n. تَقْوِيسٌ, He made it bowed, or bent. (KL.) 4 أَقْوَسَ see 1: A2: and see 5.5 تقوّس It (a thing) became bowed, or bent; as also ↓ استقوس: (TA:) the ↓ latter is also said, tropically, of the moon when near the change [&c.]. (A, TA.) b2: (tropical:) He (an old man, S, A) became bowed, or bent; (A, * K;) as also ↓ قَوَّسَ, inf. n. تَقْوِيسٌ; (S, A, * Msb, K;) and ↓ استقوس; (S;) and ↓ اقوس: (A:) or he became bowed, or bent, in the back; as also ↓ قَوَّسَ; and ↓ استقوس; (TA;) and so ↓ قَوِسَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. قَوَسٌ. (K.) A2: تقوّس قَوْسَهُ He put his bow upon his back. (TA.) 8 إِقْتَوَسَ see 1. b2: يَقْتَاسُ بِأَبِيهِ, (S, K,) inf. n. إِقْتِيَاسٌ, (S,) (assumed tropical:) He follows the way of his father, and imitates him. (S, K.) 10 إِسْتَقْوَسَ see 5, in four places.

قَاسُ رُمْحٍ: see قِيسُ رُمْحٍ.

قَوْسٌ [A bow;] a certain thing, well known, (A, K,) with which one shoots: (M, TA:) of the fem. gender: (IAmb, M, Msb:) or masc. and fem.: (S, Msb:) or sometimes masc.: (A, K:) pl. [of pauc.] أَقْوَاسٌ (IAmb, S, A, Msb, K) and أَقْيَاسٌ, (TA, and so in some copies of the K, in the place of the former,) the ى being interchangeable with the و, (TA,) and [of mult.] قِسِىٌّ, (S, A, Msb, K,) originally قُوُوسٌ, (S, TA,) which is not used, (TA,) of the neasure فُعُولٌ, (S, Msb,) first changed to قُسُوٌّ, of he measure فُلُوعٌ, and then to قِسِىٌّ, of the measure فِلِيعٌ, like عِصِىٌّ, (S,) and قُسِىٌّ, (Fr, Sgh, K,) from the same original, (TA,) [like عُصِىٌّ,] and قِيَاسٌ, (IAmb, S, A, Msb, K,) which is more agreeable with analogy than قسىّ. (TA.) The dim. is قُوَيْسٌ, (IAmb, M, Msb, K,) without ة, contr. to rule, as the word is fem., (M, TA,) and قُوَيْسَةٌ, (IAmb, Msb, K,) sometimes: (IAmb, Msb:) or the former accord. to those who make قوس to be masc., (S,) and the latter accord. to those who make it to be fem. (S, Msb.) It is prefixed to another word to give it a special signification. Thus you say, قَوْسُ نَبْلٍ An Arabian bow. And قَوْسُ نُشَّابٍ A Persian bow. And قَوْسُ حُسْبَانٍ [A bow for shooting a certain kind of short arrows]. and قَوْسُ جُلَاهِقٍ [A cross-bow]. And قَوْسُ نَدْفٍ [A bow for loosening and separating cotton]. (Msb.) b2: [Hence the saying,] فُلَانٌ لَا يَمُدُّ قَوْسَهُ أَحَدٌ [Such a one, no one will pull his bow;] i. e., (tropical:) no one will vie with him, or compete with him. (A, TA.) And رَمَوْنَا عَنْ قَوْسٍ وَاحِدٍ, (A, TA,) or وَاحِدَةٍ, (Mgh,) [lit., They shot at us from one bow: meaning, (tropical:) they were unanimous against us;] a proverb denoting agreement. (Mgh.) [In the Msb, رَمَوْهُمْ and وَاحِدَةٍ.] And هُوَ مِنْ خَيْرِ قُوَيْسٍ سَهْمًا; (S, L, K; except that in the L and K, for قويس, we find قَوْسٍ;) (tropical:) [He is of the best of a little bow, as an arrow; i. e., he is one of the best arrows of a little bow;] or صَارَ خَيْرَ قُوَيْسٍ سَهْمًا (A, K) (tropical:) [He became the best of a little bow, as an arrow; i. e., he became the best arrow of a little bow:] a proverb [See Arab. Prov. i. 718] applied to him who has become mighty after being of mean condition: (A:) or to him who opposeth thee and then returns to doing what thou likest. (A, K.) [Hence also the phrase in the Kur, liii. 9,] فَكَانَ قَابَ قَوْسَيْنِ And he was at the distance of two Arabian bows: or two cubits [this is app. an explanation by one who holds قَابَ قَوْسَيْنِ to be for قَابَىَ قَوْسٍ:] (K:) or the meaning is, قَابَىْ قَوْسٍ, i. e., [at the distance of the measure of] the two portions between the part of a bow that is grasped by the hand and each of the curved extremities. (TA.) See also art. قوب. b3: القَوْسُ (assumed tropical:) [The Sign of Sagittarius; also called الرَّامِى;] one of the signs of the zodiac; (S, K;) namely, the ninth thereof. (TA.) b4: قَوْسُ قُزَحَ The rainbow: the two words are inseparable. (TA.) See قزح. b5: قَوْسُ الرَّجُلِ (assumed tropical:) The bowed, or bent, part of the back of a man. (IAar.) b6: أَقْوَاسُ البَعِيِر (tropical:) The anterior ribs of the camel. (A.) b7: Also قَوْسٌ (tropical:) What remains, of dates, (S, A, * K,) in the [receptacle called] جُلَّة, (S,) or in the bottom thereof, (K,) or in the sides thereof, like a bow: (A:) or, accord. to Zeyd Ibn-Kuthweh, the fourth part of the جُلَّة, of dates; like رِزْمَةٌ: (TA in art. رزم:) in this sense, also, it is fem.: or a number of dates collected together: pl. as above. (TA in the present art.) A2: Also, A cubit: (S, K:) sometimes used in this sense: (S:) because a thing is measured (يُقَاسُ) with it. (K.) قِيسُ رُمْحٍ and قَاسُ رُمْحٍ The measure of a spear. (Msb, in this art.; and S, K, in art. قيس.) قَوَّاسٌ A hewer, or fashioner, of bows; and so, perhaps, قَيَّاسٌ. (TA.) قُسَوِىٌّ is the rel. n. from قِسِىٌّ, [pl. of قَوْسٌ,] because it is [before its last change] of the measure فُلُوعٌ changed from the measure فُعُولٌ. (S.) أَقْوَسُ Having a bowed, or bent, back. (S, K.) b2: Sand that is elevated (K, TA) like a hoop or ring. (TA.) مِقْوَسٌ A bow-case. (S, K.) A2: A horse-course; a race-ground: (Ibn-'Abbád, K:) a place whence horses run (K) for a race; (TA;) i. e., (so in the K accord. to the TA,) a rope at which the horses are placed in a row (S, A, K) on the occasion of racing, (S, K,) in the place whence they run: (A:) or the extended rope from which the horses are started: (JK:) also called مقيص: the pl. is مَقَاوِسُ. (TA.) Hence the saying, عُرِضَ فُلَانٌ عَلَى المِقْوَسِ [Such a one has been put to the starting-rope]; meaning, (tropical:) such a one has been tried, or proved, by use, practice, or experience. (A, TA.) And فُلَانٌ عَلَى مِقْوَسٍ, i. e., عَلَى حِفَاظٍ

[app. meaning, (assumed tropical:) Such a one is intent upon defending his honour or the like]. (Lth, L.) مُقَوَّسٌ and مُقَوِّسٌ: see مُتَقَوِّسٌ.

مُتَقَوِّسٌ (assumed tropical:) An eyebrow [or other thing] likened to a bow; as also ↓ مُسْتَقْوِسٌ (K) and ↓ مُقَوَّسٌ: (TA:) ↓ the second of these epithets is also applied, in the same sense, or like a bow, to a gutter round a tent, and the like. (TA.) b2: Also, A man bowed, or bent; and so ↓ مُقَوِّسٌ. (TA.) A2: Also, (K,) or مُتَقَوِّسٌ قَوْسَهُ, (S,) A man having with him his bow. (S, K. *) مُسْتَقْوِسٌ: see مُتَقَوِّسُ, in two places.