شجر

1 شَجْرٌ is an inf. n. of شَجَرَ, and signifies The being, or becoming, intricate, complicated, perplexed, confused, or intricately intermixed; as also ↓ اِشْتِجَارٌ. (TA.) You say, شَجَرَ الأَمْرُ بَيْنَهُمْ, (Msb, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. شَجْرٌ (Msb, TA) and شُجُورٌ, (K, TA,) The affair, or case, was, or became, complicated, intricate, or confused, so as to be a subject of disagreement, or difference, between them; syn. اِضْطَرَبَ; (Msb;) and so شَجَرَ بَيْنَهُمْ [in which الأَمْرُ is understood]; syn. اِخْتَلَفَ: (S:) it was, or became, an occasion of contention, or dispute, or of disagreement, or difference, between them. (K, TA.) فِيمَا شَجَرَ بَيْنَهُمْ, in the Kur 4:65, means Respecting that which hath become complicated, or intricate, or confused, [so as to be a subject of disagreement, or difference,] between them: and hence the word شَجَرٌ, [“ trees,” and “ shrubs,”] because of the intermixing, or confusion, of the branches: (Bd:) or respecting the disagreement, or difference, that has happened between them. (Zj, Mgh.) And it is said in a trad., إِيَّاكُمْ وَمَا شَجَرَ بَيْنَ أَصْحَابِى Avoid ye the disagreement, or difference, that hath occurred among my companions. (TA.) A2: شَجَرَهُ, (K,) aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. شَجْرٌ, He tied it; namely, a thing. (K.) b2: شَجَرَهُ بِالرُّمْحِ He thrust, or pierced, him with the spear, (S, A, K, TA,) so that it stuck fast in him. (TA.) b3: شَجَرَهُ عَنْهُ, (S, A, K,) aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. شَجْرٌ, (S,) He, or it, averted, or diverted, him, from it; (S, A, K;) namely, an affair: (K:) he removed, or put away, (TS, K,) him, (K,) or it, (TS,) from it: (TS, K:) he withheld, or debarred, and repelled, him from it. (K.) You say, مَا شَجَرَكَ عَنْهُ What has averted thee, or diverted thee, from it? (S, A.) b4: شَجَرَ البَيْتَ, (S, K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) He propped up the بيت [or tent] with a pole. (S, K, TA. [In some copies of the K, بِعُودٍ is erroneously put for بِعَمُودٍ.]) In like manner شَجَرْتُهُ is said of anything as meaning I propped it up with a pole or the like. (TA.) and شَجَرَ الشَّجَرَةَ, (T, K, TA,) and النَّبَاتَ, (T, TA,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) He raised the hanging branches of the tree, or shrub, (T, K, TA,) and of the plant. (T, TA.) And شَجَرَ الثَّوْبَ He raised the garment, it having gone down. (T, TA.) And شُجِرَ, inf. n. as above, is said of anything as meaning It was raised, upraised, uplifted, or elevated. (TA.) b5: شَجَرَ فَاهُ He opened his mouth (A, K, * TA) with a stick, or a piece of wood, (A, TA,) by inserting this into the part of the mouth called its شَجْر, (TA,) فَأَوْجَرَهُ [and then put, or poured, medicine, or water, &c., into his mouth]. (A, TA.) And شَجَرَ الدَّابَّةَ, (TS, K, TA,) aor. and inf. n. as above; or, accord. to one relation of a trad. in which it occurs, اِشْتَجَرَهَا ↓ بِلِجَامِهَا; (TA;) He made the beast to open its mouth by jerking its bridle to curb it. (TS, K, TA.) b6: And شَجَرَ الشَّىْءَ He threw the thing upon the مِشْجَر [q. v.], (S, K,) i. e. the مِشْجَب. (S.) A3: شَجِرَ, aor. ـَ i. q. كَثُرَ جَمْعُهُ [app. meaning Its aggregate became large in quantity; or it became much in the aggregate]: (TS, K, TA:) but accord. to As, [it seems to signify it became collected together, and then scattered, or dispersed, by something: for he says that] ↓ شَجِرٌ [its reg. part. n.] is applied to anything collected together, and then scattered, or dispersed, by something (TA.) 2 تَشْجِيرُ النَّخْلِ i. q. تَشْخِيرُهُ, (K,) The laying of the racemes of the palm-trees upon the branches, lest they should break: (K in art. شخر:) this is done when the fruit is much in quantity, and the racemes are large, and one fears for the heart of the tree, and for the base, or lower part, of the raceme. (TA in the present art.) 3 شاجر المَالُ The cattle pastured upon شَجَر [i. e. trees, or shrubs], (ISk, S, A, K,) having consumed the herbs and leguminous plants. (ISk, S, A. *) b2: شاجر فُلَانٌ فُلَانًا, (K,) inf. n. مُشَاجَرَةٌ (S,) Such a one contended, disputed, or litigated, with such a one. (S, * K, TA.) 4 اشجرت الأَرْضُ The land produced شَجَر [i. e. trees, or shrubs]. (K.) 6 تَشَاْجَرَ see 8, in three places.7 إِنْشَجَرَ see 8, in two places, and see 7 in art. سجر.8 اشتجر It was, or became, knit, or connected, together, one part with another; as also اِشْتَبَكَ: it was, or became, commingled, one part amid, or within, another; (TA;) and so ↓ تشاجر: (Ham p. 161:) it was, or became, intricate, complicated, perplexed, confused, or intricately intermixed. (TA: see 1, first sentence.) It is said in a trad., relating to conflict and faction فِتْنَة), يَشْتَجِرُونَ فِيهَا اشْتِجَارَ أَطْبَاقِ الرَّأْسِ) They become knit together therein, like the knitting together of the bones of the head that interjoin, one with another, one entering into another: or the meaning is, they disagree, or differ, one with another. (TA.) You say, اشتجروا بِرِمَاحِهِمْ (TA) and بِهَا ↓ تشاجروا (S, A, Msb, TA) They became knit together, or commingled, one with another, [in conflict,] with their spears: (TA:) or they thrust, or pierced, one another with their spears. (S, A, Mgh, Msb, TA.) And اشتجروا (Zj, S, A, Msb, K) and ↓ تشاجروا (Zj, S, A, Mgh, K) They became commingled, or confused, or embroiled, disagreeing, or differing: (Zj, TA:) they contended, or disputed, together; (S, A, Mgh, Msb;) or disagreed, or differed. (S, * A, * Mgh, Msb, * K.) b2: Also He preceded, outwent, or outstripped; (K, * TA;) and so ↓ انشجر. (K.) b3: And, said of sleep, It withdrew, or kept aloof, from one; (K, * TA;) as also ↓ انشجر. (K.) A2: Also (S, K) said of a man, (S,) He put his hand beneath his شَجْر, against the part beneath his chin: (S:) or he put his hand beneath his chin and leaned upon his elbow, (K, TA,) not laying his side upon the bed. (TA.) b2: [And, said of a horse, He was bridled, reined, or curbed: (Freytag, from the Deewán of the Hudhalees:) or perhaps the verb in this sense is in the passive form:] A3: see 1, last sentence but two.

شَجْرٌ A discordant, or complicated, or confused, affair, or case. (O, K.) A2: Also The part, of a رَحْل [or camel's saddle], that is between the كَرَّانِ, (K, TA, [this word erroneously written in the CK with ز,]) which are the قَادِمَة and the آخِرَة, (TA in art. شخر,) [i. e. the شَرْخَانِ,] the كَرّ being what conjoins the ظَلِفَتَانِ [in the fore part of the saddle and in like manner in the hinder part]: the part between the كَرَّانِ is also called the شَخْر. (TA in the present art. [It is there said that this part is also called the شَرْخ as well as the شَخْر: but this is a mistake.]) b2: And The chin: (As, O, K:) or (TA, in the K “ and,”) the place of opening (مَفْرَج, [as in the K voce شِينٌ,] in the K here erroneously written مَخْرَج, the meaning being مَفْتَح,) of the mouth: (K, * TA:) or the part between the two lower jaws: (AA, S, K:) or the hinder part of the mouth: or the side of the mouth, where the upper and lower lips unite: or what has opened of the part where the mouth closes [when medicine or the like is put into it]; expl. by مَا انْفَتَحَ مِنْ مُنْطَبَقِ الفَمِ: or the place of meeting of the لِهْزِمَتَانِ [q. v., a word variously explained]: (K:) or the part where the two sides of the lower jaw unite, beneath the hair that grows between the lower lip and the chin: and, in a horse, the part between the upper, main, portions of the two sides of the lower jaw: (TA:) pl. [of pauc.] أَشْجَارٌ and [of mult.] شُجُورٌ and شِجَارٌ. (K.) شَجَرٌ (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.) and ↓ شِجَرٌ and شِيَرٌ, (K,) in which last the ج is changed into ى, like as the ى is changed into ج, as in غَنِجٌّ, originally غَنِىٌّ, or, accord. to IJ, the ى in شِيَرٌ is not changed from ج because it remains ى in the dim., in which, where it so changed, it should be changed back into ج, whereas the dim. of شِيَرَةٌ is said to be شُيَيْرَةٌ and شِيَيْرَةٌ, and because it has kesr instead of fet-h to the ش, [whence it appears that IJ knew not شِجَرٌ,] (TA,) [as coll. gen. ns., Trees; and shrubs, or bushes; which latter are also called, for distinction, دِقُّ الشَّجَرِ; and sometimes applied to plants in general; and, as a gen. n., sometimes meaning the tree, &c.;] the kind of plant that has a trunk, or stem: (S, A, K:) or the kind that has a hard trunk, or stem, (Mgh, Msb,) like the نَخْل &c.: (Msb:) or such as produces seed, and does not come to an end in its year: (Mgh:) or such as rises, or rises high, of itself, whether slender or large, and whether it withstand the winter or lack strength to do so: (K:) called شَجَرٌ from شَجَرَ, because of the intermixing, or confusion, of the branches: (Bd in iv. 68, and TA: *) n. un. with ة, (Msb, K,) i. e. شَجَرَةٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, TA) and ↓ شِجَرَةٌ and شِيَرَةٌ: (TA:) the pl. [of شَجَرٌ] is أَشْجَارٌ (S, Msb) and [of شَجَرَةٌ] شَجَرَاتٌ (Msb, TA) and [of شِيَرَةٌ] شِيَرَاتٌ: (TA:) ↓ شَجْرَآءُ also signifies the same as شَجَرٌ: (K:) or it is a pl. [or rather a quasi-pl. n.] of شَجَرَةٌ; a pl. [or quasi-pl. n.] of which there are few other instances; قَصْبَآءُ of قَصَبَةٌ, and طَرْفَآءُ of طَرَفَةٌ, and حَلْفَآءُ of حَلَفَةٌ; or, accord. to As, the sing. [or n. un.] of حلفآءُ is حَلِفَةٌ: and accord. to Sb, شَجْرَآءُ is sing. and pl., and so are قَصْبَآءُ and طَرْفَآءُ and حَلْفَآءُ: (S:) or شَجْرَآءُ signifies tangled, or luxuriant, or abundant and dense, شَجَر: (A:) or a collection of شَجَر. (TA.) b2: شَجَرَةُ البَقِّ &c.: see in arts. بق &c. b3: In the saying in a trad., that the شَجَرَة and the صَخْرَة are of, or from, Paradise, by the former is said to be meant The grape-vine: or the tree beneath which allegiance was sworn to the Prophet; and which, it is said, was a شَمُرَة [or gum-acacia-tree]: (TA:) and by the latter, the صخرة [or rock] of Jerusalem. (TA in art. صخر, q. v.) b4: By الشَّجَرَةُ الطَّيِّبَةُ, mentioned in the Kur in xiv. 29, is said to be meant The palm-tree: or a certain tree in Paradise: and by الشَّجَرَةُ الخَبِيثَةُ, in the next verse but one, the colocynth, and the كَشُوث: [see art. خبث:] or each may have a more general application. (Bd in xiv. 31.) And الشَّجَرَةُ المَلْعُونَةُ, mentioned in the Kur xvii. 62, means The tree called الزَّقُّوم: and some explain it as meaning the Devil: and Aboo-Jahl: and El-Hakam Ibn-Abi-l-'As. (Bd.) b5: شَجَرَةٌ also signifies (tropical:) The stock, or origin, of a man: (O, TA:) [hence,] one says, هُوَ مِنْ شَجَرَةٍ طَيِّبَةٍ (tropical:) [He is of a good stock or origin]; and مِنْ شَجَرَةِ النُّبُوَّةِ (tropical:) [of the prophetic stock, meaning of the stock of the Prophet]. (A.) [And (assumed tropical:) A genealogical tree; a pedigree.] b6: Also, (CK,) or ↓ شَجْرَةٌ, (O, and K accord. to the TA, [but probably thus in the TA only because found to be so in the O,]) (assumed tropical:) A small speck, or speckle, on the chin of a boy: (O, K:) on the authority of IAar. (TA.) b7: And one says, مَا أَحْسَنَ شَجَرَةَ ضَرْعِهَا, (so in my copy of the A, and accord. to the CK,) or ضرعها ↓ شَجْرَةَ, (O, and so accord. to the text of the K as given in the TA, [but Z has, in the A, distinguished the phrase as tropical, and hence it seems that he held the former reading to be the right,]) (tropical:) How goodly are the shape, (A,) or the size, (O, K,) and the appearance, of her udder! (A, O, K:) or the veins and skin and flesh thereof! referring to a she-camel. (O, K.) شَجِرٌ: see 1, last sentence: A2: and its fem., with ة, see voce شَجِيرٌ.

شِجَرٌ; and its n. un., with ة: see شَجَرٌ.

شَجْرَةٌ: see شَجَرٌ, last two sentences.

شَجْرَآءُ, as a quasi-pl. n.: see شَجَرٌ.

A2: Also fem. of أَشْجَرُ as syn. with شَجِيرٌ.

الحُرُوفُ الشَّجْرِيَّةُ [The letters of which the شَجْر is the place of utterance; (in the CK, الشَّجَرِيَّةُ;)] the letters ج and ش and ض. (K.) شَجَارٌ: see مِشْجَرٌ, in two places.

شِجَارٌ: see مِشْجَرٌ, in four places. b2: Also The wood of a well, (S, K, KL,) by means of which the bucket is drawn out therefrom: (KL:) pl. شُجُرٌ: (S:) this pl. occurs in a verse, accord. to J; but the right reading in that instance is سُجُل, as is shown by the rhyme of the poem. (Sgh, TA.) b3: Also [A wooden bar of a door;] a piece of wood which is put behind a door; called in Pers\. مَتَرْس, (S, K, TA,) written by Az مَتَّرْس. (TA.) b4: And A piece of wood with which a couch-frame (سَرِير) is repaired, by its being affixed as a ضَبَّة [q. v.], (S, K,) beneath it. (S.) b5: And A piece of wood which is put in the mouth of a kid, to prevent its sucking. (TS, K.) b6: And A certain brand, or mark made with a hot iron, upon camels. (S, K.) وَادٍ شَجِيرٌ, and ↓ أَشْجَرُ, (K,) or the former, (S, A,) but not the latter, (S,) and ↓ مُشْجِرٌ; (K;) and أَرْضٌ شَجِيرَةٌ, (S, TA,) and ↓ شَجِرَةٌ, (A, K,) and ↓ شَجْرَآءُ, (S, Msb, K,) and ↓ مَشْجَرَةٌ; (AHn, S, * K;) A valley, and a land, abounding with شَجَر or أَشْجَار [i. e. trees, or shrubs]. (S, A, Msb, K.) b2: شَجِيرٌ also signifies Strange, or a stranger; applied to a man, (S, A, K,) and to a camel. (S, K.) b3: And An arrow that is used in the game called المَيْسِر, thrown among arrows not from its kind of tree: (S, K:) or one that is borrowed, and from the winning of which [on former occasions] one augurs good. (TA.) b4: Also Bad, corrupt, or disapproved. (Kr, K.) b5: And A companion: (M, K:) or a friend: (A:) pl. شُجَرَآءُ. (M, TA.) b6: And A sword. (K.) شَجَارَةٌ: see مِشْجَرٌ.

شَوَاجِرُ [pl. of شَاجِرَةٌ fem. of شَاجِرٌ]: see مُشْتَجِرٌ. b2: Also Withholding, or debarring, and diverting, things. (TA.) You say, شَجَرَتْنِى عَنْهُ شَوَاجِرُ [Withholding, or debarring, or diverting, things withheld, or debarred, or diverted, me from it]. (S.) أَشْجَرُ; and its fem., شَجْرَآءُ: see شَجِيرٌ. b2: Also (K) Containing more شَجَر [i. e. trees, or shrubs]: (S, K:) so in the saying, هٰذِهِ الأَرْضُ أَشْجَرُ مِنْ هٰذِهِ [This land is one containing more trees than this]. (S, K. *) It has no known verb. (TA.) مَشْجَرٌ (S, K, TA) [and] ↓ مَشْجَرَةٌ (Mgh, Msb) A place (S, Mgh, Msb, K) of growth (Mgh, K) of شَجَر or أَشْجَار [i. e. trees, or shrubs]: (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) or, as some say, the former signifies many شَجَر. (TA.) b2: The former also signifies A place of مُشَاجَرَة [i. e. contending, disputing, or litigating]: pl. مَشَاجِرُ: and, some say, it is an inf. n. (Har p. 473.) b3: See also مِشْجَرٌ, in two places.

مُشْجِرٌ: see شَجِيرٌ. b2: You say also أَرْضٌ مُشْجِرَةٌ meaning A land giving growth to شَجَر [i. e. trees, or shrubs]. (TA. [See also مَشْجَرٌ.]) مِشْجَرٌ i. q. مِشْجَبٌ [i. e. A thing composed of pieces of wood, or sticks, the heads of which are bound together, and the feet parted asunder, upon which clothes &c. are put]: (S:) or pieces of wood, or sticks, tied together, like the مِشْجَب, upon which articles of furniture, or utensils, are put: (M, Msb:) pl. مَشَاجِرُ. (M, TA.) b2: and hence, (M,) The wood, (K,) or pieces of wood, (M,) of the [kind of camel-vehicle for women called] هَوْدَج; (M, K;) as also ↓ مَشْجَرٌ and ↓ شِجَارٌ and ↓ شَجَارٌ: (L, K:) n. un. مَشْجَرَةٌ and ↓ شَجَارَةٌ: (TA:) or a vehicle used by women, smaller than the هَوْدَج, having the head uncovered; (AA, K, * TA;) as also ↓ مَشْجَرٌ and ↓ شِجَارٌ and ↓ شَجَارٌ: (K:) accord. to Lth, ↓ شِجَارٌ signifies the wood [or frame-work] of the هودج, which when covered becomes a هودج: (TA:) As says that مَشَاجِرُ signifies the pieces of wood of a هودج: AA, that it signifies vehicles smaller than هَوَادِج, having the heads uncovered; also called سُجُرٌ, of which the sing. is ↓ شِجَارٌ. (S.) مَشْجَرَةٌ: see شَجِيرٌ: b2: and see also مَشْجَرٌ.

مُشَجَّرٌ Figured work (TA) having the form of شَجَر [i. e. trees, or shrubs]: (K, * TA:) and silk brocade (دِيبَاج) figured with the forms of شَجَر. (S, K.) مُشْتَجَرُ الرِّمَاحِ [The place of the commingling of spears; or of the thrusting, or piercing, therewith]. (Ham p. 161.) مُشْتَجِرٌ and ↓ مُتَشَاجِرٌ Commingled [and confused]: you say رِمَاحٌ مُشْتَجِٰرَةٌ and ↓ مُتَشَاجِرَةٌ and ↓ شَوَاجِرُ Spears commingled and confused. (TA.) مُتَشَاجِرٌ: see what next precedes, in two places.

شطب

1 شَطَبَ, (K, TA,) aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. شَطْبٌ, (Az, TA,) He cut (K, TA) into oblong pieces, or strips, flesh-meat, and a camel's hump, and a hide, or leather: (TA:) or he cut into strips, but without separating them, a camel's hump. (Az, TA.) b2: And شَطَبَتِ الجَرِيدَ, [aor. ـُ inf. n. شَطْبٌ, She (a woman) split the palm-sticks, or palmbranches stripped of their leaves, to make of them mats: which being done, says A'Obeyd, [or when they have been peeled,] the شَاطِبَة [q.v.] throws them to the مُنَقِّيَة. (S.) [Or] شَطَبَت, aor. ـُ inf. n. شُطُوبٌ, She removed the upper peel of the شَطْب, or [fresh, green] palm-branches. (ISk, TA.) A2: شَطَبَ also signifies It inclined, or declined, turned aside or away, deflected, or deviated, and became distant, or remote; (As, O, K;) and so شَطَفَ; and both signify it went away. (As, TA.) One says, شَطَبَ عَنْهُ It turned aside or away, and became distant, or remote, from him, or it. (K.) Thus, in a trad., شَطَبَ الرُّمْحُ عَنْ مَقْتَلِهِ The spear deflected from, and failed to reach, his vital part. (O, TA. *) and one says also, شَطَبَتِ الدَّارُ The dwelling was, or became, distant, or remote. (O.) 7 انشطب It flowed; (S, K;) said of water, &c. (K.) شَطْبٌ pl. of ↓ شَطْبَةٌ, (S, Msb,) [or rather a coll. gen. n., of which the latter is the n. un.,] like as تَمْرٌ is of تَمْرَةٌ; (Msb;) Fresh, (A,) or green, (Msb,) or green and fresh, (S, K,) palm-branches (S, A, Msb, K) stripped of their leaves: (A:) or they are less than what are termed شَطَائِبُ, of which the sing. is ↓ شَطِيبَةٌ; and the شطائب are less than the كَرَانِيف: [i. e. the كِرْنَاف is the thickest part of the palm-branch; next is the شَطِيبَة; and next to this, the شَطْبَة:] or ↓ شَطْبَةٌ signifies a green palm-branch. (K.) كَمَسَلِّ

↓ شَطْبَةٍ, in a trad. of Umm-Zara, [as expl. in art. سل, q. v.,] means Like a green palm-stick drawn forth from its skin: or like a sword drawn forth [from its scabbard]: (TA in art. سل:) [for] b2: ↓ شَطْبَةٌ signifies also A sword. (Aboo-Sa'eed, K.) b3: [Hence, app.,] شَطْبٌ is used also as an epithet, meaning (tropical:) Tall, and well made; (A, K, TA;) applied to a man and to a horse. (TA.) And, applied to a boy, or young man, (tropical:) Plump; or fat, soft, thin-skinned, and plump: and so ↓ شَطْبَةٌ applied to a girl, or young woman: (A:) or the former, applied to a boy, or young man, well made, and neither tall nor short: (TA:) or, so applied, light, or active, in body, and sharpheaded: (IAar, TA in art. عضب, voce عَضْبٌ:) or it means, so applied, long and even (سَبِطٌ) in the bones, light of flesh; likened to the palm-stick that is split: but this epithet is mostly used with ة, i. e. ↓ شَطْبَةٌ, which is applied to a mare: (Ham p. 298:) or this epithet, شَطْبَةٌ, applied to a mare, means lank (سَبِطَةٌ) in flesh; (K, TA;) or tall; (TA;) as also ↓ شِطْبَةٌ in the former sense, (K, TA,) or in the latter; and the masc. is not thus used, applied to a horse: (TA:) and ↓ شَطْبَةٌ, (S,) or ↓ شِطْبَةٌ, (K,) or both, but the former is the more approved, (TA,) beautiful; plump; or fat, soft, thin-skinned, and plump; (K, TA;) and tall: (K:) or simply tall; (S, TA;) as also ↓ مَشْطُوبٌ and ↓ مُشَطَّبٌ applied to a man. (TA.) شَطْبَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in seven places: b2: and see what next follows.

شُطْبَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ شِطْبَةٌ (K) and ↓ شَطْبَةٌ (TA) and ↓ شُطَبَةٌ, (K,) which last is said by some to be a n. un. of شُطَبٌ [mentioned in what follows as a pl.], (MF,) A [raised] line (طَرِيقَة, S, O, or طَرِيق, K, [meaning a ridge, and sometimes also a depressed line, as shown voce مُشَطَّبٌ, i. e. a channel,]) in the مَتْن [i. e. broad side, or middle of the broad side, of the blade] (S, O) of a sword: (S, O, K:) pl. شُطَبٌ and شُطُبٌ, (S, O,) or شُطُوبٌ and شُطَبٌ and شُطُبٌ: (K: [in which it is said that the pl. is شُطُوبٌ and شُطَبٌ like غُرَفٌ and كُتُبٌ: but I think that شُطُوبٌ is a mistranscription, and that the right reading is شُطَبٌ and شُطُبٌ like غُرَفٌ and كُتُبٌ:]) hence it would seem that شُطَبٌ and شُطُبٌ are pls. of one sing.; but Ibn-Hishám El-Lakhmee expressly states that the former is pl. of شُطْبَةٌ; and the latter, of ↓ شَطِيبَةٌ; (MF;) of which شَطَائِبُ also is a pl.; (L in art. عمد;) and which signifies [the same as شُطْبَةٌ, i. e.] the rising عَمُود [i. e. the ridge] in the مَتْن of a sword. (ISh, TA.) [See also مُشَطَّبٌ: and see عَمُودٌ and مَيْنٌ.]

شَطْبَةٌ: see شَطْبٌ (near the end) in two places: b2: and see also شُطَبَةٌ: b3: and شَطِيبَةٌ, in three places.

شُطَبَةٌ: see شُطْبَةٌ.

شِطَابٌ The instrument with which a بَرْذَعَة [or cloth put beneath a camel's saddle] is quilted. (K.) شَطِيبَةٌ A slice, or strip, of flesh-meat: (TA:) or a piece cut lengthwise of a camel's hump; (S, O, K, TA;) as also ↓ شِطْبَةٌ: (O, K:) or a piece cut in the form of a strip, but not separated, of a camel's hump; and so ↓ the latter word: pl. of the former شَطَائِبُ. (Az, TA.) b2: And A piece cut lengthwise of a hide or of leather; (S, O;) as also ↓ شِطْبَةٌ. (O.) b3: And A piece of [the tree called]

نَبْع of which a bow is made. (S, O.) b4: See also شَطْبٌ. b5: And see شُطْبَةٌ. b6: Also, applied to a she-camel, Tough; syn. يَابِسَةٌ. (K.) b7: And [the pl.] شَطَائِبُ Different, or various, parties, sects, or classes, (K, TA,) and sorts, of men &c. (TA.) b8: And Difficulties, or distresses; (Abu-l-Faraj, O, K;) as also شَصَائِبُ. (Abu-l-Faraj, O, TA.) شَطِيبِيَّةٌ, (as in the TA,) or ↓ مُشَطَّبَةٌ, (as implied in the K,) A quilted بَرْذَعَة [or cloth that is put beneath a camel's saddle]. (K, TA.) شَطَّابٌ A butcher. (Fr, TA in art. سطر.) شَاطِبٌ [act. part. n. of the trans. verb شَطَبَ]. b2: [Hence,] شَوَاطِبُ [the pl. of شَاطِبَةٌ] signifies Women who cut skin, or leather, into strips, after having shaven it or measured it: so accord. to different copies of the K; i. e. بَعْدَ مَا يَحْلِقْنَهُ or يَخْلُقْنَهُ. (TA.) b3: And Women who split palmleaves, and peel the [palm-branches stripped of their leaves, or the portions thereof termed] عَسِيب, to make of them mats, and then throw them to the مُنَقِّيَات: (TA:) or the sing., شَاطِبَةٌ, signifies a woman who peels the عَسِيب, (As, TA,) or who splits the palm-sticks, to make of them mats, (S,) and then throws them to the مُنَقِّيَة, (As, S, TA,) who removes all that is upon them with her knife until she has made them slender, when she throws them back to the شَاطبة: (As, TA:) or a woman who makes mats of شَطْب, i. e. [green, fresh] palm-branches [stripped of their leaves]: (ISk, TA:) the pl. occurs in a verse cited voce تَذَرَّعَ. (S, TA.) A2: Also, [from the intrans. verb شَطَبَ,] طَرِيقٌ شَاطِبٌ A road inclining, declining, or turning aside or away. (S, K.) b2: And رَمْيَةٌ شَاطِبَةٌ A shot, or throw, that deflects, or deviates, from a vital part; as also شَاطِفَةٌ. (TA.) b3: And رَجُلٌ شَاطِبُ المَحَلِّ i. q. شَاطِنٌ [i. e. A man remote, or distant, in respect of the place of alighting or abode]. (TA.) مُشَطَّبٌ A sword (S, A, K) having شُطَب [pl. of شُطْبَةٌ], (A, K,) i. e. (A, TA) having طَرَائِق [here meaning ridges, as expl. above, voce شُطْبَةٌ], (S, A, TA,) in its مَتْن; [or ridges and channels,] these being in some cases elevated and depressed [lines]; (TA;) as also ↓ مَشْطُوبٌ: (K, TA:) said by some, [but not so accord. to the A,] to be tropical, as being likened to pieces of a camel's hump cut in strips. (TA.) And in like manner, A garment, or piece of cloth, having طَرَائِق [as meaning lines, or streaks, or stripes]. (S, TA.) And أَرْضٌ مُشَطَّبَةٌ (tropical:) Land that is furrowed (A, Msb, K) a little, (K,) not much, (Msb,) by a torrent. (A, Msb, K.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) Flowing [water &c.; because of the streaks, or lines, with which its surface is diversified]. (TA.) b3: See also شَطِيبِيَّةٌ. b4: And see شَطْبٌ, last sentence.

مَشْطُوبٌ: see the next preceding paragraph. b2: فَرَسٌ مَشْطُوبُ المَتْنِ وَالكَفَلِ means A horse swollen with fat in the two portions of flesh and sinew next the back bone, on each side, [and in the rump,] (O, K,) and whose creases of the skin are far apart. (O.) b3: See also شَطْبٌ, last sentence.

صدح

1 صَدَحَ, (S, A, K, &c.,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. صَدْحٌ (S, K, &c.) and صُدَاحٌ, (K,) in a verse of Wejeehah Bint-Ows Ed-Dabbeeyeh صُدَّاح, (Ham p. 617,) He cried, or raised a loud cry; (S, A;) or raised his voice vehemently; (Lth, T;) said of a cock [i. e. he crowed, or crowed loudly or vehemently]; (Lth, T, S, A;) and of a crow [i. e. he croaked, or croaked loudly or vehemently]: (Lth, T, S:) said of an ass, he brayed loudly: (L:) said of a bird, and (assumed tropical:) of a man, he raised his voice in singing (L, K) or otherwise; cried out vehemently and sharply; or uttered a vehement and sharp voice. (L.) صَدْحَةٌ (S, L, K) and ↓ صُدْحَةٌ and ↓ صَدَحَةٌ (L, K) A kind of bead (خَرَزَةٌ, Lh, S, L, K) used for the purpose of captivating, or fascinating: (K:) or with which men are captivated, or fascinated: (S:) or with which women captivate, or fascinate, men: (Lh:) or with which men are conciliated. (L.) صُدْحَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

صَدَحَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

صَدُوحٌ Having a loud cry or voice; as also ↓ صَدَّاحٌ; both applied to a cock [meaning loudcrowing]; (A;) [and to a crow as meaning loudcroaking]; and so the former applied to an ass [meaning loud-braying]; and so ↓ صَيْدَحٌ applied to a horse [meaning loud-neighing]; (S, K;) [and app. also applied to a camel as meaning loudbraying, for] صَيْدَحُ was the name of the she-camel of Dhu-r-Rummeh: (S, K:) or صَدُوحٌ (L, K) and ↓ صَدَّاحٌ (L) and ↓ صَيْدَحٌ and ↓ صَيْدَاحٌ and ↓ مِصْدَحٌ (L, K) signify that raises his voice much in singing or otherwise; (L;) [app. thus applied to a bird, and (assumed tropical:) to a man; (see 1;)] or that cries out vehemently, or much; or has a loud, or strong, voice; (L, K;) and so ↓ صَيْدَحِىٌّ. (Ham p. 558.) [Hence,] ↓ قَيْنَةٌ صَادِحَةٌ (tropical:) [A loud-voiced female singer]. (A, TA.) And ↓ حَادٍ صَيْدَحٌ (tropical:) [A loud-voiced man urging camels by his singing]. (A, TA.) And ↓ مِزْهَرٌ صَدَّاحٌ (tropical:) [A loud-sounding lute]. (S, A.) صَدَّاحٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in three places.

صَادِحَةٌ: see صَدُوحٌ.

صَيْدَحٌ: see صَدُوحٌ, in three places.

صَيْدَحِىٌّ: see صَدُوحٌ.

صَيْدَاحٌ see صَدُوحٌ.

الأَصْدَحُ The lion: (K:) so called because of his roaring. (TA.) مِصْدَحٌ: see صَدُوحٌ.

ذكر: ذَكَر: تأمل، تبصر، ردد الأمر في خاطره، وعزم على فعل شيء (معجم بدرون). ذكر فلاناً ب: أثنى عليه ومدحه ب، يقال مثلاً: ذكره بالشجاعة أي أثنى على شجاعته (كوسج طرائف ص79).
ذكَّر (بالتشديد). ذكَره بالشي: أذكره، جعله يذكره (عبد الواحد ص217).
ذكَّر: حدّث عن الماضي، حكى (بوشر).
وذكّر النخل، التذكير: قيام الفلاح بنثر مقدار من لقاح فحل النخل على اعذاق الأنثى ليلقحها. (برتون 1: 386، شو 1: 219، بليسييه ص150).
وتذكير التين: ما كان يفعله الأوائل مع التين وهو أن يعلقوا بعض ثمار التين الذكر أو البري على شجرة التين الأنثى لكي يمنعوا تساقط ثمرها قبل أن ينضج أو يفسد ويتغير (شو 1: 219، ألكالا).
ثم امتد استعمال هذه الكلمة فأطلقت على كثير من أشجار الفاكهة لتشير إلى الطريقة التي تجعل منها أكثر إثماراً أو تجعل ثمرها أفضل نوعاً وأطيب (ابن العوام 1: 7، 20، 562، 272).
ذكَّر الطعام: ملّح منه ما يأكله، نثر عليه ملحاً (فوك).
ذاكر. ذاكر فلاناً: كالمه وخاض معه في الحديث (معجم الطرائف، بدرون ص182) ويقال ذاكره به (دي يونج)، ففي العبدري (ص90 و، ق): قرأت عليه مقامات الحريري وكان يتعقب عليها تعقيبات نقد جيدة وذاكرته فيها بمواضع عديدة كنت أتعقبها فأثبت قولي واستحسنه.
وذاكره فيه (معجم الطرائف).
وذاكر المعلم تلميذه: سأل تلميذه سؤالاً (أبو الفداء تاريخ 3: 24).
وذاكر العلماء أو الأدباء: تحادثوا وتشافهوا وتفاوضوا وتناقشوا في أمر أو موضوع (فوك).
يقال مثلاً: ذاكر الفضلاء (ميرسنج ص27، دي يونج) والمذاكرة في الفقه (ابن بطوطة 4: 235) والمذاكرة في الأدب (بدرون ص2).
وأخيراً فإن ذاكر فلاناً تعني أيضاً: أنشده شعراً أو قصّ عليه قصصاً وحكى له حكايات (معجم بدرون).
أذكر: نجد بدل قولهم أذكره الشيء، أذكره منه في بيت من الشعر عند ويجرز (ص41). (انظر تعليقة رقم 225 ص140).
تذاكر: تفاوض، يقال مثلاً تذاكروا الصلحَ أي تفاوضوا فيه (معجم البلاذري) وتذاكروا العلمَ (الأغاني ص56). وفي معجم فوك: تذاكر مع. ونجد في المقري (1: 485): تذاكرت مع شيخنا حديث أبي ثعلبة.
انذكر: ذكرت في معجم فوك في مادة لاتينية معناها ذكر.
ذِكْر: ذكرى، ما يذكره الإنسان عن شيء ما (كليلة ودمنة ص15، 26، عباد ص 1).
ذِكْر: نصّ قَسَم (المقري 2: 103).
ذِكْر وجمعها أَذْكار: دعاء نافلة (بربروجر ص3، المقدمة 2: 372، 3: 145، 347) ذكر وجمعها أذكار: أذان، نداء المؤذن للصلاة. ففي معيار العلوم (ص22): وتناغى أذكار المؤذن بأسحارها نغمات الوُرْق. راجع زيشر (26: 595) نجد فيه ما ذكرته وكذلك ملر (ص 69).
ذِكْر: حفل يردد فيه عدد من الأشخاص (من الدراويش عادة) في فترات مختلفة لا إله إلاَّ الله وباقي أسماء الله الحسنى وأدعية وغير ذلك في ترانيم وألحان. وغالباً ما يصحب ذلك موسيقى ورقص (لين عادات 1: 371، عواده ص 699، ديسكرياك ص159، كندي 1: 136).
ذكر الله: ترغلة: اطرغلة يمامة (دومب ص62).
ذَكَر: بمعنى قوي شجاع أبي، لا يوصف به الرجل فقط (لين) بل يوصف به الفرس أيضاً (معجم مسلم).
وذَكَر عند أهل الحراثة: ما يدخل من طرف البِرك في سكة الحديد (محيط المحيط).
ذكر في أنثى وأنثى في ذكر: أنظره في أنثى.
الأَظفار الذكران: أنظره في ظُفْر.
ذَكَرِيّ: خاص بالذَكَر، رَجْلي (بوشر).
ذُكْراني. امرأة ذكرانية: شجاعة (فوك).
ذُكُور: كثير الحفظ في ذهنه، ويقال: ذكور للشيء (معجم الماوردي).
ذَكِير، يقال للصلب: حديد ذكير (برجرن) وأيضاً ذكير فقط (المستعيني مادة حديد، ألكالا، مارسيل، باربيه، معجم البربرية وهو يكتبه غالباً بالدال).
ذُكُورِيَّة: رجولة، رجولية (فوك، معجم الماوردي).
ذُكَّار، واحدته ذُكَّارة وهو الفحل من الشجر. مثل ذُكَّار الفستق أي فحل الفستق (ابن العوام 1: 267) وذكار التين: فحل التين وشجرة التين البري (ابن العوام 1: 419).
وتطلق كلمة ذُكّار وحدها على شجرة التين البري وثمرها (فوك، ألكالا، المعجم اللاتيني - العربي، ترجمة العقد الصقلي ص21، 23، ابن العوام 1: 16، 20، 93 (أبدل فيه الدال بالذال)، ص302 (اقرأ فيه ذكار وفقاً لما جاء في مخطوطتنا) ص573).
وتستعمل ثمرة هذه الشجرة لتلقيح (تذكير) شجرة التين الأنثى، وذلك أنهم ينظمون ثمر التين البري في قلادة من ثمرها الصغير الموجود عليها (ابن العوام 1: 573) وهذا ما يفسر هذه الأبيات المذكورة في الحلل السندسية (ص76 ق) وقد نظمها أمير صلب كثيراً من رعاياه:
أهل الحرابة والفساد من الورى ... يَعْزون في التشبيه للذُكَّار
ففساد ... الصلاح لغيره ... بالقطع والتعليق في الأشجار
ذُكَّارهم ذكرى إذا ما أبصرِوا ... فوق الجموع وفي ذُرَى الأسوار
(في البيت الثاني بياض في مخطوطتنا ولعل الصواب ففساده فيه الصلاح).
ذُكّار: لقاح النخل (باجني ص148).
ذَكِّير: من يشترك في الحفل الديني المسمى ذِكْر (انظر الكلمة) (لين عادات 2: 212). ذِكِّير: عَرَّاف، كاهن، زاجر الطير، ضارب الرمل (باين سميث 1558).
ذَكَّارة المُعَذَّبين: سلاسل، قيود، أغلال (المعجم اللاتيني - العربي).
ذاكر، القُوَّة الذاكرة: القوة الحافظة (فوك).
تَذْكِرَة: تذكر، تذكار (بوشر).
تذكرة: موعظة (ابن جبير ص150، 151).
وتذكرة وتجمع على تذاكر: رقعة، بطاقة (بوشر، همبرت ص107، محيط المحيط).
وتذكرة: براءة (فرمان) صك يصدره الأمير. (مملوك 1، 1: 188).
وتذكرة: جواز سفر (برتون: 1: 18). وفي محيط المحيط: تذكرة الطريق.
وتذكرة: بطاقة التصدير (بلسييه ص 324، كريست وبارب ص50، بلاكيير 2: 266).
وتذكرة: شهادة تمنح لأسرى النصارى حين يطلق سراحهم (لوجييه ص285).
وتذكرة: لائحة، جدول مفصل لمضمون حساب (بوشر).
وتذكرة: سند الإعفاء بكفالة من الرسوم الجمركية. (بوشر).
تذكرة النكاح: عقد النكاح (بركهارت نوبيه ص 305).
تذكار الأموات: يوم الأموات (همبرت ص154).
تذكاري: استذكاري (بوشر).
تَذْكِيرَة، وتجمع على تذاكير: مذكرة، مفكرة. (فوك).
مُذَكِّر: واعظ (فالتون ص43).
والمذكر مرادف المعرّف: العبد الدليل على أسماء الناس. وهو أشبه بالحاجب والآذان (ابن بطوطة 2: 346، 363).
مذاكر: عضو التناسل (بوشر).
مذاكر: خصية (فوك، ألكالا).

ذكر

1 ذَكَرَهُ, [aor. ـُ inf. n. ذِكْرَى, (S, A, Msb,) which is fem., (Msb,) and imperfectly decl., (S,) and ذِكْرٌ (A, K) [and ذُكْرٌ, or, accord. to EtTebreezee, (Ham p. 26,) the latter of these two but not the former, or, as is said in the Msb., both are properly substs., and a distinction is made between them, as will be shown below,] and تَذْكَارٌ, (K,) He preserved it in his memory: (K, * TA:) he remembered it; (S, A;) as also ذَكَرَهُ بِقَلْبِهِ [to distinguish it from ذَكَرَ in a sense afterwards to be explained], (S, Msb,) and ↓ تذكّرهُ; (S, A;) and ↓ اِدَّكَرَهُ (S, K, TA,) originally اِذْتَكَرَهُ (S,) and اِذَّكَرَهُ (TA, and so in the CK,) and اِذْدَكَرَهُ (K,) and ↓ استذكرهُ, (Az, K,) signify the same as تذكّرهُ (K) [as explained above]: ↓ تذكّرهُ signifies also he became reminded of it; (Msb;) [and so ↓ ادّكرهُ and its variations: and ↓ استذكرهُ seems properly to signify, as also ↓ تذكرّهُ, he recollected it; or called it to mind: and he sought to remember it: and ↓ استذكر and ↓ تذكّر used intransitively, he sought, or endeavoured, to remember.] Yousay, ذَكَرْتُ الشَّىْءَ بَعْدَ النِّسْيَانِ [I remembered the thing after forgetting]: (S:) and ذَكَرْتُ المَنْسِىَّ and ↓ تَذَكَّرْتُهُ [I remembered the thing forgotten, and I became reminded of it, or I recollected it]: (A:) and بَعْدَ أَمَهٍ ↓ ادّكر, occurring in the Kur [xii. 45, accord. to one reading of the last word], means He remembered [or became reminded] after forgetting. (S) And رَبَطَ فِى

بِهِ حَاجَتِهِ ↓ إِصْبَعِهِ خَيْطًا يَسْتَذْكِرُ [He tied upon his finger a thread or string, seeking to remember, or recollect, or call to mind, thereby the thing that he wanted: such a thread or string is commonly called رَتِيمَةٌ:]: (Az:) and ↓ استذكر is used alone with the like signification [i. e. He sought to remember]: and also signifies He studied a book and preserved it in his memory, accord. to the K; but accord. to other lexicons, he studied a thing in order to remember it, or preserve it in his memory: (TA:) you say, بِدِرَاسَتِهِ ↓ استذكر He sought to remember by his studying of a book. (A.) b2: ذَكَرَ حَقَّهُ, (K,) inf. n. ذِكْرٌ (TA,) He was mindful of his right, or claim; and did not neglect it. (K.) Agreeably with this explanation, the words in the Kur [ii. 231, &c.,] وَاذْكُرُوا نِعْمَةَ اللّٰهِ عَلَيْكُمْ have been rendered And be ye mindful of, and neglect not to be thankful for, the favour of God conferred upon you: like as an Arab says to his companion, اُذْكُرْ حَقِّىعَلَيْكَ Be thou mindful of my claim upon thee; and neglect it not. (TA.) b3: [In like manner also are explained the words] وَاذْكُرُوا مَا فِيهِ in the Kur [ii. 60], And study ye what is in it, and forget it not: or think ye upon what is in it: or do ye what is in it. (Bd.) b4: One says, مَا اسْمُكَ أَذْكُرْ, (Fs and Lb, and so in a copy of the K,) or أَذْكُرْهُ, (so in another copy of the K, and in the TA,) the hemzeh of أَذْكُرْ being disjunctive, (Lb, K,) [in the CK we find مَا اسمُكَ اَذْكِرْهُ بقطعِ الهَمْزَةِ مِنْ اَذْكَر, as though the reading were أَذْكَرْهُ with a disjunctive hemzeh from أَذْكَرَ, which is manifestly wrong,] and with fet-h, because it is the hemzeh of the first person of a triliteral [unaugmented] verb, and with the ر mejzoom, because it is the complement of an interrogative phrase: (Lb:) it is expressive of disapprobation, (Lb, K,) and means, Acquaint me with thy name: [or, lit., what is thy name?] I will remember it, or I will bear it in mind (اذكره): the conditional phrase [if thou tell it to me] is suppressed because unnecessary, on account of frequent usage of the saying, and because what remains is indicative of it: (Lb, MF:) the saying is a prov.; and is also related with the conjunctive hemzeh, [اذْكُرْ, or اذْكُرْ; in which case it is most appropriately rendered, What is thy name? Say: or Tell it] but the reading with the disjunctive hemzeh is that which is commonly known: (TA:) [for]

A2: ذَكَرَهُ, aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. ذِكْرَى, fem., [and imperfectly decl,] (Msb,) and ذِكْرٌ and ذُكْرٌ, (TA,) [or the former of these two (which is the most common of all) but not the latter, or, as is said in the Msb, both are properly substs., and a distinction is made between them, as will be shown below,] also signifies He mentioned it; told it; related it; said it; (TA;) and so ذَكَرَهُ بِلِسَانِهِ [to distinguish it from ذَكَرَ in the first sense explained above]. (S, Msb.) You say ذَكَرْتُ لِفُلَانٍ حَدِيثَ كَذَاوَكَذَا I mentioned, or told, or related, to such a one the story of such and such things. (TA.) And ذَكَرَ امْرَأُ بِمَا لَيْسَ فِيهِ [He mentioned, or spoke of, a man as having that attribute which was not in him]. (El-Jámi' es-Sagheer voce مَنْ) b2: And ذَكَرَهُ (assumed tropical:) He magnified Him, namely, God; celebrated, lauded, or praised, Him; asserted his unity; (Zj;) [saying سُبْحَانَ اللّٰهِ, and الحَمْدُ لِلّٰهِ, and اَللّٰهُ أَكْبَرُ; or لَاإِلَاهَ إِلَّااللّٰهُ; or هُوَاللّٰهُ; or the like.] b3: [And, in like manner, (assumed tropical:) He spoke well of him, namely, a man; mentioned him with approbation; eulogized, praised, or commended, him: for ذَكَرَهُ بِالجَمِيلِ, or بِخَيْرٍ

See ذِكْرٌ below.] b4: Also, contr., [for ذَكَرَهُ بِالقَبِيحِ or بِشَرٍّ] (assumed tropical:) He spoke evil of him; men-tioned him with evil words; (Fr;) mentioned his vices, or faults; spoke evil of him behind his back, or in his absence, saying of him what would grieve him if he heard it, but saying what was true; or merely said of him what would grieve him: an elliptical expression in this and in the contrary sense; what is meant being known. (Zj.) One says to a man, لَئِنْ ذَكَرْتَنِى لَتَنْدَمَنَّ, meaning [Verily, if thou mention me] with evil words [thou will assuredly repent]: and in like manner the verb is used in the Kur xxi. 37 and 61: and 'Antarah says, لَاتَذْكُرِى فَرَسِى وَمَا أَطْعَمْتُهُ فَيَكُونَ جِلْدُكَ مِثْلَ جِلْدِ الأَجْرَبِ meaning Mention thou not reproachfully [my horse, and what I have given him for food, for, if thou do, thy skin will be like the skin of the scabby]: (Fr, T:) but AHeyth disallows this signification of the verb, and explains the saying of 'Antarah as meaning, Be not thou fond of mentioning my horse, and my preferring him before the family. (T, TA.) b5: ذَكَرَ فُلَانَةَ, inf. n ذِكْرٌ, [expressly said to be] with kesr, [so in the CK, and I think it the right reading,] or ذَكْرٌ, [so in a MS. copy of the K, and in the TA,] with fet-h, [so in the TA,] He demanded such a one in marriage: or he addressed himself to demand her in marriage: (K:) [as though the mentioning a woman implied a desire to demand her in marriage:] it occurs in one of these two senses in a trad. (TA.) A3: ذَكَرَهُ, inf. n. ذَكْرٌ, with fet-h, He struck him upon his penis. (K.) 2 ذكّرهُ إِيَّاهُ, (S, A, * Msb, K,) and ذكّرهُ بِهِ, (Kur xiv. 5, &c.,) inf. n. تَذْكِرَةٌ (A, TA) and تَذْكِيرٌ, (K, TA,) and quasi-inf. n. ↓ ذِكْرَى imperfectly decl.; (A, * K, * TA;) and ايّاهُ ↓ اذكرهُ; (S, Msb, K;) He reminded him of, or caused him to remember, him, or it. (S, Msb, K.) b2: And ذكّر, (TA,) inf. n. تَذْكِيرٌ (K) [and تَذْكِرَةٌ also, as in the Kur xx. 2], He exhorted; admonished; exhorted to obedience; gave good advice, and reminded of the results of affairs; reminded of what might soften the heart, by the mention of rewards and punishments. (K, TA.) Thus the verb is used in the Kur lxxxviii. 21. (TA.) A2: Also ذكّرهُ, inf. n. تَذْكِيرُ, He made it (a word) masculine; contr. of أَنَّثَهُ. (S, * Msb, K. *) b2: In the Kur [ii. 282], فَتُذَكِّرَ إِحْدَاهُمَا الأُخْرَى is said by some to signify (assumed tropical:) That one of them may make the other to be in the legal predicament of a male: [meaning that both of them together shall be as one man:] or, accord. to others, one of them may remind the other. (TA.) b3: It is said in a trad., فَذَكِّرُوهُ ↓ القُرْآنُ ذَكَرٌ (tropical:) The Kur-án is eminently excellent [lit., masculine]: therefore do ye hold it and know it and describe it as such. (K, TA. [In the CK, for ذَكَرٌ is put ذِكْرٌ.]) b4: [Hence,] ذكّرهُ, (TA,) inf. n. تَذْكِيرٌ, (K,) He put to it, namely a sword, (TA,) and the head of an axe &c., (K,) an edge of steel. (K, * TA.) [See ذُكْرَةٌ.]3 ذاكرهُ, (MA,) inf. n. مُذَاكَرَةٌ, (KL;) He called to mind with him (MA, KL) a story, or discourse, or the like, (MA,) or a thing. (KL.) b2: [And hence, He conferred with him.]4 أَذْكَرَ see 2.

A2: اذكر also signifies He (a man [or other]) begat a male. (TA from a trad.) and اذكرت She (a woman, S, A, or other female, TA) brought forth a male, (S, A, K,) or males. (Mgh.) It is said in a prayer for a woman in labour, أَيْسَرَتْ وَأَذْكَرَتْ May she have an easy birth, and may she bring forth a male child. (A.) And you say also, اذكرت بِهِ (assumed tropical:) She brought him forth a male, and hardy: (TA from a trad.:) or a male, and sharp and cunning. (Mgh.) 5 تَذَكَّرَ see 1, in five places, in the first and second sentences. b2: [Also It (a word) was, or became, or was made, of the masculine gender; contr. of تأنّث.]6 تذاكروا They called to mind [a story, or discourse, or the like, or a thing,] one with another. (KL. [See 3.]) b2: [And hence, They conferred together.]8 اِدَّكَرَ and اِذَّكَرَ and اِذْدَكَرَ: see 1, in three places, in the first and second sentences.10 إِسْتَذْكَرَ see 1, in six places, in the first and third sentences.

ذَكْرٌ: see ذِكْرٌ: A2: and ذَكِيرٌ.

ذُكْرٌ: see ذِكْرٌ, in six places.

A2: سَيْفٌ ذُو ذُكْرٍ, or ↓ ذُكُرٍ, (as in different copies of the S,) and أَذْكِرَةٍ, [which is the pl.,] (A,) (tropical:) A cutting, or sharp, sword. (S, A.) [See ذُكْرَةٌ.]

ذِكْرٌ (Yoo, A'Obeyd, Yaakoob, S, M, A, Msb, K) and ↓ ذُكْرٌ, (Yoo, A'Obeyd, Yaakoob, S, A, Msb, K, TA,) or the latter only in the first of the senses here to be explained, (Fr, Msb, TA,) and the latter only is mentioned in this sense in the Fs, (TA,) and is said by El-Ahmar to be of the dial. of Kureysh, (TA,) [both said in the Msb to be simple substs., though many hold them to be inf. ns.,] and ↓ ذَكْرٌ, accord. to one of the expositors of the Fs, but this is strange, (TA,) and ↓ ذِكْرَةٌ (S, M) and ↓ ذُكْرَةٌ (M, TA) and ↓ ذِكْرَى, (S, M, [see 1, first sentence,]) and also دِكْرٌ (S) and دُكْرٌ, mentioned by ISd as of the dial. of Rabee'ah, but held by him to be of weak authority, (TA,) Remembrance; (S, M, A, Msb, K, &c.;) the presence of a thing in the mind: (Er-Rághib:) also termed ذِكْرٌ بِالقَلْبِ, (Msb, TA,) to distinguish it from ذِكْرٌ in another sense, to be explained below: (TA:) he pl. of ↓ ذِكْرَةٌ is ذِكَرٌ, (M,) also said to be pl. of ↓ ذِكْرَى. (MF, art. احد.) You say, ↓ اِجْعَلْهُ مِنْكَ عَلَى ذُكْرٍ and ذِكْرٍ in the same sense, Place thou him, or it, in thy remembrance. (S.) And أَجْعَلَهُ مِنِّى

↓ عَلَى ذُكْرٍ, and ذِكْرٍ, I will not forget him, or it. (A.) And ↓ مَا زَالَ مِنِّى عَلَى ذُكْرٍ, and ذِكْرٍ (K,) or the former only, (Fr, Msb, TA,) He, or it, did not cease to be in my remembrance; (K;) I did not forget him, or it. (Fr, TA.) and ↓ أَنْتَ مِنِّى عَلَى ذُكْرٍ Thou art in my mind. (ISd, Lb.) b2: The words in the Kur [xxix. 44]

وَلَذِكْرُ اللّٰهِ أَكْبَرُ admit of two explanations: The remembrance of God is better for a man than a man's remembrance of a man: and the remembrance of God is better as more efficacious in forbidding evil conduct than is prayer. (TA.) b3: ذِكْرٌ also signifies Memory; a certain quality of the mind, by which a man is able to remember what he cares to know; like حِفُظٌ, except that this latter term is used with regard to the preservation of a thing [in the mind], whereas the former is used with regard to calling it to mind. (Er-Rághib.) A2: Also ذِكْرٌ (Er-Rághib, Msb, TA) and ↓ ذُكْرٌ, (Msb, TA,) or the former only accord. to Fr, (Msb, TA,) and ↓ ذِكْرَى (Msb,) The mention, telling, relating, or saying, of a thing: said by some to be contr. of صَمْتٌ: (TA:) and also termed ذِكْرٌ بِاللِّسَانِ (Msb, TA,) to distinguish it from ذِكْرٌ in the sense first explained above. (TA.) b2: Also ذِكْرٌ (assumed tropical:) The praise, and glorification, of God; the celebration, or declaration, of his remoteness, or freedom, from every impurity or imperfection, or from everything derogatory from his glory; or the saying سُبْحَانَ, اللّٰهِ, [and الحَمْدُ لِلّٰهِ, and أَللّٰهُ أَكْبَرُ,] and لَا إِلَاهَ إِلَّا اللّٰهُ, [&c., see 1,] and uttering all the forms of his praise: a reading, or reciting, of the Kur-án: a thanking [God]: obedience [to God]: (Abu-l- 'Abbás:) prayer to God; (K;) supplication. (Abu-l-'Abbás, K.) b3: Also (tropical:) Praise, or eulogy, or good speech, of another. (S, * K, * TA.) b4: [And, accord. to some, (tropical:) Dispraise, or evil speech. See 1.]

b5: Also (assumed tropical:) A thing that is current upon the tongue. (K.) b6: (tropical:) Fame; renown; report; reputation; (S, A, K;) whether good or evil; (ISd;) as also ↓ ذُكْرَةٌ. (Az, ISd, K.) Thus in the saying, لَهُ ذِكْرٌ فِى النَّاسِ (tropical:) He has fame among the people: in which it has also the signification next following. (A.) b7: (tropical:) Eminence; nobility; honour. (S, A, Msb, K.) So in the Kur [xciv. 4], وَرَفَعْنَا لَكَ ذِكْرَكَ (tropical:) And We have raised for thee thine eminence, or thy nobility, or thine honour: as some say, it means, when I am mentioned, thou art mentioned with Me: and again, in the Kur [xliii. 43], وَ إِنَّهُ لَذِكْرٌ لَكَ وَ لِقَوْمِكَ (tropical:) And verily it (the Kur-án) is an honour to thee and to thy people. (TA.) Also, in the Kur [xxxviii. 1], وَ القُرْآنِ ذِى الذِّكْرِ (tropical:) By the Kur-án possessed of eminence, &c. (S) b8: Also (assumed tropical:) A book containing an exposition of religion, and an institution of religious laws: (K:) any book of the prophets: (TA:) and especially the Kur-án: (MF, TA:) and the تَوْرَاةٌ [or Book of the Law revealed to Moses]: (Aboo-Hureyreh, TA in art. زبر:) and that [law] which is [recorded] in heaven. (Sa'eed Ibn-Jubeyr, TA ubi suprà.) b9: (assumed tropical:) An exhortation; an admonition, or a warning. (Bd in xxxviii. 1.) b10: ذِكْرُ حَقٍّ (tropical:) A written obligation; syn. صَكٌّ: (A, K:) pl. ذُكُورُ حَقٍّ, (A,) or ذُكُورُ حُقُوقٍ. (TA.) You say, لِى عَلَى هٰذَا الأَمْرِ ذِكْرُ حَقٍّ (tropical:) [I have a written obligation to insure this thing]. (A.) A3: See also the next paragraph, in the latter half.

ذَكَرٌ [probably originally signifying “ mentioned,” or “ talked of,” of the measure فَعَلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ, like نَفَضٌ in the sense of مَنْفُوضٌ, and خَبَطٌ in the sense of مَخْبُوطٌ, and قَبَضٌ in the sense of مَقْبُوضٌ, &c.; and hence the first, and perhaps most others, of the significations here following:] Male; masculine; of the male, or masculine, sex, or gender; contr. of أُنْثَى: (S, A, Msb, K, &c.:) [the corresponding word in Hebrew () has been supposed to have this signification because a male is much “ mentioned,” or “ talked of; ” and it is well known that the Arabs make comparatively little account of a female:] pl. ذُكُورٌ (S, A, Msb, K) and ذُكُورَةٌ (A, Msb, K) and ذِكَارٌ (K) and ذِكَارَةٌ and ذُكْرَانٌ (S, A, Msb, K) and ذِكَرَةٌ: (S, K:) [the last, in one copy of the S, I find written ↓ ذِكْرَةٌ, which, if correct, is a pl. of pauc.: and in the TA, in the same phrase in which it occurs in the S, it is written ↓ ذُكْرَةٌ, and expressly said to be with damm, so that it is a quasi-pl. n.:] the pl. form with و and ن is not allowable. (Msb.) One says, كَمِ الذِّكَرَةُ مِنْ وَلَدِكَ, or ↓ الذِّكْرَةُ, (accord. to different copies of the S,) or ↓ الذُّكْرَةُ, with damm, (accord. to the TA,) How many are the males of thy children? (S, TA.) b2: The male organ of generation; the penis; syn. عَوْفٌ; (S, K, &c.;) of a man: (TA:) or the فَرْج [an equivocal term, but here evidently used in the above-mentioned sense,] of an animal: (Msb:) pl. ذُكُورٌ, (K,) or ذِكَرَةٌ, like عِنَبَةٌ, (Msb,) or ذِكَارَةٌ, (T, TA,) and ↓ مَذَاكِيرُ: (S, Msb, K:) the last contr. to analogy, (S, Msb,) as though used for the sake of distinction between this signification and the one immediately preceding: (S:) or of the same class as مَحَاسِنُ [with respect to حُسْنٌ] and مَلَامِحُ [with respect to لَمْحَةٌ]: (ISd:) Akh says that it is a pl. without a [proper] sing., like عَبَابِيدُ and أَبَابِيلُ: accord. to the T, it has no sing.; or if it have a sing., it is ↓ مُذْكِرٌ, like مُقْدِمٌ, of which the pl. is مَقَادِيمُ; and signifies the parts next to the penis: (TA:) or it signifies the penis with what is around it; [or the genitals;] and is similar to مَفَارِقُ in the phrase شَابَتْ مَفَارِقُ رَأْسِهِ: and قَطَعَ مَذَاكِيرَهُ signified He extirpated his penis. (Mgh.) b3: Applied to a man, (A, K,) it also signifies (tropical:) Strong; courageous; acute and ardent; vigorous and effective in affairs; [and also] stubborn; and disdainful: (TA:) or [masculine, meaning] perfect; like as أُنْثَى is applied to a woman. (T and A in art. انث.) The signification of “ strong, courageous, and stubborn,” and the significations which the same word has when applied to rain and to a saying, are assigned in the K to ↓ ذِكْرٌ; but [SM says,] I know not how this is; for in the other lexicons they are assigned to ذَكَرٌ. (TA.) You say, لَا يَفْعَلُهُ إِلَّا ذُكُورَةُ الرِّجَالِ (tropical:) [None will do it but such as are strong, &c., of men]. (A.) b4: Applied to iron, (tropical:) Of the toughest and best quality, (K,) and strongest; (TA;) contr. of أَنِيثٌ; (S;) [iron converted into steel;] as also ↓ ذَكِيرٌ. (K.) [See also ذُكْرَةٌ.] b5: Applied to a sword, (tropical:) Having مَآء

[i. e., diversified wavy marks, streaks, or grain]; (S;) as also ↓ مُذَّكَّرٌ: (S, K:) or of which the edge is of steel (حَدِيدٌ ذَكَرٌ) and the مَتْن [or middle of the broad side] of soft iron; of which the people say that they are of the fabric of the Jinn, or Genii: (A'Obeyd, S:) or ↓ مُذَكَّرُ signifies having a sharp iron blade or edge: (As:) the pl. of the former is ذُكُورٌ. (Ham p. 168.) b6: ذُكُورُ البُقُولِ (tropical:) Herbs, or leguminous plants, that are hard and thick: (TA voce عُشْبٌ:) or that are thick, and inclining to bitterness: (S, TA:) like as أَحْرَارُهَا signifies such as are slender and sweet: (TA:) or the former signifies such as are thick and rough. (AHeyth.) b7: ذُكُورَةُ الطِّيبِ, (K,) and ذُكُورُهُ, and ذِكَارَتُهُ, (TA,) (tropical:) Perfume proper for men, exclusively of women: i. e., (TA,) that leaves no stain; (K, * TA;) that becomes dissipated; such as musk, and aloes-wood, and camphire, and غَالِيَة, and ذَرِيرَة. (TA.) [See the contr., طِيبٌ مُؤَنَّثٌ, in art. انث.] b8: ذَكَرٌ applied to the Kur-án signifies (tropical:) Eminently excellent. (K.) See 2. b9: Applied to a saying, (tropical:) Strong and firm: and in like manner to poetry. (A.) b10: The Arabs disliked a she-camel's bringing forth a male; and hence they applied the term ذَكَرٌ, met., to (tropical:) Anything disliked. (A.) b11: [Thus,] applied to rain, it signifies (tropical:) Violent; (A, K;) falling in large drops. (K.) They said, أَصَابَتِ الأَرْضَ ذُكُورُ الأَسْمِيَةِ (tropical:) Rains bringing intense cold and torrents fell upon the earth. (A.) b12: Applied to a day, (tropical:) [Severe; distressing; hard to be borne: see also مُذَكَّرٌ]. (A.) b13: IDrd says, I think that the name الذكر [so in the TA, without any syll. signs; app. الذَّكَرُ] is applied by some of the Arabs to السِّمَاكُ الرَّامِحُ [or the star Arcturus]. (TA.) ذَكُرٌ: see ذَكِيرٌ.

ذَكِرٌ: see ذَكِيرٌ.

سَيْفٌ ذُو ذُكُرٍ: see ذُكْرٌ.

ذَكْرَةٌ: see مُذَكَّرٌ.

ذُكْرَةٌ: see ذِكْرٌ, in two places: A2: and ذَكَرٌ, in two places.

A3: Also (tropical:) A piece of steel that is added [to the edge of a sword and] to the head of an axe &c. (K, * TA.) b2: And (tropical:) Sharpness of a sword: [see also ذُكْرٌ:] and of a man. (S, A, K.) You say, ذَهَبَتْ ذُكْرَةُ السَّيْفِ, and ذُكْرَةُ الرَّجُلِ, (tropical:) The sharpness of the sword, and the sharpness of the man, went. (S, A.) ذِكْرَةٌ: see ذِكْرٌ, in two places: A2: and ذَكَرٌ, in two places.

ذَكَرَةٌ: see مُذَكَّرٌ.

ذَكِرَةٌ: see مُذَكَّرٌ.

ذِكْرَى: see ذِكْرٌ, in three places. b2: Remembrance with the reception of exhortation: so in the following passage of the Kur [xlvii. 20], فَأَنَّى لَهُمْ إِذَا جَآءَتْهُمْ ذِكْرَاهُمْ [Then how, that is, of what avail, will be to them their remembrance with the reception of exhortation when it (the hour of the resurrection) cometh to them: or] how will it be to them when it (the hour) cometh to them with their remembrance and their reception of exhortation: (K, * TA:) i. e., this will not profit them. (TA.) b3: Repentance: so in the Kur [lxxxix. 24], وَأَنَّى لَهُ الذِّكْرَى, i. e. And how shall he have repentance? (K, TA.) b4: A reminding, or causing to remember: so in the Kur viii. 1, and xi. 121, (K,) and li. 55. (Fr.) See 2. b5: An admonition: so in the Kur xxxviii. 42, and xl. 56. (K.) b6: A being reminded, or caused to remember: so in the Kur [xxxviii. 46], in the phrase ذِكْرَى الدَّارِ Their being reminded of, or caused to remember, the latter abode, and being made to relinquish worldly things, or not to desire them: (K:) or it may mean their remembering much the latter abode. (B, TA.) ذَكِيرٌ A man possessing an excellent memory. (S.) b2: Also, (Az, K,) and ↓ ذَكْرٌ, (accord. to a MS. copy of the K, and so, as is said in the TA, accord. to the method of the author of the K,) or ↓ ذَكِرٌ, (accord. to the CK,) and ↓ ذَكُرٌ and ↓ ذِكِّيرٌ, (K,) (tropical:) A man possessing ذِكْر, (K,) i. e., fame, or renown: or glory, or boastfulness. (TA.) A2: See also ذَكَرٌ, in the latter half of the paragraph.

ذِكِّيرٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

ذُكَّارَةٌ The males of palm-trees. (K.) ذَاكِرٌ [act. part. n. of 1]. b2: مَا حَلَفْتُ بِهِ ذَاكِرًا وَلَا

آثِرًا: see art. اثر.

أَذْكَرُ (tropical:) More, and most, sharp, (S, TA,) acute and ardent, vigorous and effective in affairs. (TA.) Mohammad used to go round to his wives in one night, and to perform the ablution termed غُسْل for his visit to every one of them; and being asked wherefore he did so, he answered, إِنَّهُ أَذْكَرُ (tropical:) It is more, or most, sharp [or effective]; syn. أَحَدُّ. (S, TA, from a trad.) And it was said to Ibn-Ez-Zubeyr, when he was prostrated, وَاللّٰهِ مَا وَلَدَتِ النِّسَآءُ أَذْكَرَ مِنْكَ (tropical:) By God, women have not brought forth one more acute and ardent and vigorous and effective in affairs than thou. (TA from a trad.) تَذْكِرَةٌ an inf. n. of 2. (A, TA.) b2: [and hence,] A thing by means of which something that one wants [or desires to remember] is called to mind; a memorandum. (S, K, TA.) b3: [A biographical memoir. b4: And, in the present day, Any official note; such as a passport; a permit; and the like.]

مَذْكَرٌ A place of remembrance: pl. مَذَاكِرُ: whence المَذَاكِرُ in a trad., app. meaning The black corner or stone [of the Kaabeh]. (TA.) مُذْكَرٌ: see its fem., with ة, voce مُذَكَّرٌ.

مُذْكِرٌ A woman [or other female (see 4)] bringing forth a male: (S, K:) or a woman that brings forth men-children. (TA in art. رجل.) b2: And (tropical:) A desert that produces herbs, or leguminous plants, of the kind called ذُكُور. (As. [See ذَكَرٌ: and see also مِذْكَارٌ.]) b3: and (tropical:) A road that is feared. (A, K.) b4: See also مَذَكَّرٌ, in two places. b5: And see ذَكَرٌ, in the former half of the paragraph.

مُذَكَّرٌ [A masculine word; a word made mas-culine]. b2: مُذَكَّرَةٌ A she-camel resembling a hecamel in make and in disposition. (S.) and also, (K, TA,) or ↓ مُذْكَرَةٌ, (accord. to the CK,) A woman who makes herself like a male; (K;) as also ↓ ذَكَرَةٌ, (L, and so in a copy of the K,) or ↓ ذَكِرَةٌ, (so in another copy of the K, and in the TA,) or ↓ ذَكْرَةٌ, (so in the CK,) and ↓ مُتَذَكِّرَةٌ. (K.) b3: مُذَكَّرَةُ الثُّنْيَا A she-camel having a large head, (K, TA,) like that of a he-camel: (TA:) because her head is one of the parts that are excepted in the game of chance [called المَيْسِر] for the man who has sold her: [therefore those parts are termed الثُّنْيَا:] (K:) or resembling the make of the male in [the largeness of] the head and legs. (Th, M in art. ثنى.) b4: And يَوْمٌ مُذَكَّرٌ (tropical:) A day that is severe, distressing, or hard to be borne; as also ↓ مُذْكِرٌ: (K, TA:) or in which a severe fight, or slaughter, has taken place. (A, TA.) [See also ذَكَرٌ, last sentence but one.]

b5: And دَاهِيَةٌ مُذَكَّرَةٌ (tropical:) A severe calamity or misfortune; (A, K;) and so ↓ مُذْكِرٌ [without ة because it is from this epithet applied to a she-camel as meaning "bringing forth a male;" for her doing so was disliked, as has been mentioned voce ذَكَرٌ]: (K:) or the latter means which none can withstand but strong, courageous, stubborn men. (TA.) A2: See also ذَكَرٌ, in two places, in the latter half of the paragraph.

مِذْكَارٌ A woman [or other female] that usually brings forth males. (S, K.) And A man who usually begets male children. (TA.) b2: Also (tropical:) Land that produces herbs, or leguminous plants, such as are termed ذُكُور: (A, TA: [see مُذْكِرٌ, and ذَكَرٌ:]) or that does not produce [anything]: but the former signification is the more common. (TA.) b3: And فَلَاةٌ مِذْكَارٌ (tropical:) A terrible desert; (As, A, K;) that is not traversed but by strong, courageous, stubborn men. (As, K.) مَذْكُورٌ [pass. part. n. of 1]. b2: (assumed tropical:) A man praised, or spoken of well. (TA.) b3: لَمْ يَكُنْ شَيْئًا مَذْكُورًا, in the Kur [lxxvi. 1], means [accord. to some] When he was not a thing existing by itself, though existing in the knowledge of God. (TA.) مَذَاكِيرُ said to be an anomalous pl. of ذَكَرٌ in a sense pointed out above: see the latter word. (S, Msb, K. *) مُتَذَكّرَةٌ: see مُذَكَّرٌ.

ذكر
: (الذِّكْرُ بالكَسْر: الحِفْظُ للشَّيْءِ) يَذْكُرْه، (كالتَّذْكارِ) ، بالفَتْح، وهاذه عَن الصَّغَانِيّ، وَهُوَ تَفْعَال من الذِّكر. (و) الذِّكْر: (الشَّيْءُ يَجْرِي على اللِّسَانِ) ، وَمِنْه قَوْلهم: ذَكَرْت لِفُلان حَدِيثَ كَذَا وكَذَا، أَي قُلْتُه لَهُ، وَلَيْسَ من الذِّكْر بعد النِّسيان. وَبِه فُسِّر حَدِيثُ عُمرَ رَضِي الله عَنهُ: (مَا حَلَفْت بهَا ذَاكِراً وَلَا آثِراً) أَي مَا تَكلّمتُ بهَا حَالِفاً.
ذَكَرَه يَذْكُره ذِكْراً وذُكْراً، الأَخِيرَة عَن سِيبَوَيْه.
وَقَوله تَعَالَى: {وَاذْكُرُواْ مَا فِيهِ} (الْبَقَرَة: 63) قَالَ أَبُو إِسحاق: مَعْنَاهُ ادْرُسُوا مَا فِيهِ.
وَقَالَ الرَّاغِب فِي المُفْردات، وتَبِعَه المُصَنِّف فِي البَصَائر: الذِّكْر تَارَة يُرَادُ بِهِ هَيْئَةٌ لِلْنَفْس بهَا يُمْكِن الإِنْسَانَ أَن يَحْفَظَ مَا يَقْتَنِيه من المَعْرِفة، وَهُوَ كالحِفْظ إِلّا أَن الحِفْظ يُقَال اعْتباراً بإِحرَازه، والذِّكْر يُقَال اعْتِبَارَاً بإِحرَازه، والذِّكْر يُقَال اعْتِبَاراً باسْتِحْضَارِه، وَتارَة يُقَال بحُضُور الشَّيْءِ القَلْب أَو القَوْل. ولهاذا قِيل: الذِّكْر ذِكْرَانِ: (ذِكر) بالقَلْب، و (ذكر) بِاللِّسَانِ.
وأَوردَ ابْن غازِي المسيليّ فِي تَفْسير قولِهِ تَعَالَى: {اذْكُرُواْ اللَّهَ ذِكْراً كَثِيراً} (الْأَحْزَاب: 41) الذِّكْر: نَقهيضُه النِّسْيَان، وَمَا أنسانيه إِلَّا الشَّيْطَان أَن أذكرهُ (الْكَهْف: 63) والنِّسْيان مَحَلُّه القَلْبُ، فكَذَا الذِّكْر، لأَن الضِّدَّين يَجِبُ اتِّحَادُ مَحَلِّهما. وَقيل: هُوَ ضِدُّ الصَّمْت، والصَّمْت مَحَلُّه اللِّسَانُ، فَكَذَا ضِدُّه. وهاذه مُعارضة بَيْن الشِّرِيف التِّلِمسانيّ وابنِ عَبْدِ السَّلام ذَكَرَها الغزاليّ فِي المَسَالِك وغَيْره، وأَورَه شيخُنا مُفصَّلاً.
(و) من المَجاز: الذِّكْر: (الصِّيتُ) ، قَالَ ابنُ سِيده: يكون فِي الخَيْرِ والشَّرّ، (كالذَّكْرَةِ، بالضَّمّ) ، أَي فِي نقِيض النِّسيان وَفِي الصِّيت، لَا فِي الصِّيتِ وَحْدَه كَمَا زَعَمَه المُصَنِّف، وَاعْترض عَلَيْهِ. أَما الأَوّل، فَفِي المُحْكَم: الذِّكر الذِّكْرَى بالكَسْر: نَقِيضُ النِّسْيَانِ، وكذالك الذُّكْرَةُ، قَالَ كَعْبُ بنُ زُهَيْر:
أَنَّى أَلَمَّ بك الخَيَالُ يَطِيفُ
ومَطافُه لَك ذُكْرَةٌ وشُعُوفُ
الشُّعُوفُ: الوَلُوعُ بالشيْءِ حَتَّى لَا يَعْدِلَ عَنْه.
وأَما الثاين فَقَالَ أَبو زَيْد فِي كِتَابه الهوشن والبوثن: يُقَال: إِنَّ فُلاناً لرَجلٌ لَو كَانَ لَهُ ذُكْرَة. أَي ذِكْرٌ، أَي صِيتٌ. نَقله ابنُ سِيدَه.
(و) من المَجَاز: الذِّكْر: (الثَّنَاءُ) ، وَيكون فِي الخَيْر فَقَط، فَهُوَ تَخْصِيصٌ بعد تَعْمِيم ورجلٌ مَذْكُور، أَي يُثْنَى عَليه بخَيْر.
(و) من المَجَاز: الذِّكْر: (الشَّرَفُ) وَبِه فُسِّر قولُه تَعَالَى: {وَإِنَّهُ لَذِكْرٌ لَّكَ وَلِقَوْمِكَ} (الزخرف: 44) أَي القُرْآن شَرَفٌ لَك ولَهُم. وقَولُه تَعَالَى: {وَرَفَعْنَا لَكَ ذِكْرَكَ} (الإنشراح: 2) أَي شَرَفَك. وَقيل: مَعْنَاهُ: إِذا ذُكِرْتُ ذُكِرْتَ مَعِي. (و) الذِّكْر: (الصلاةُ لِلَّه تَعَالَى والدُّعَاءُ) إِليه والثَّنَاءُ عَلَيْهِ. وَفِي الحَدِيث (كَانَتِ الأَنبياءُ عَلَيْهِم السلامُ إِذا حَزَبَهم أَمرٌ فَزِعوا إِلى الذِّكْر) أَي إِلى الصَّلَاة يَقُومون فيُصَلُّون. وَقَالَ أَبو العَبّاس: الذِّكْر: الطَّاعَة والشُّكْر، والدُّعَاءُ، والتَّسْبِيح، وقِراءَةُ القرآنِ وتَمْجِيدُ الله وتَسْبِيحُه وتَهْليلُه والثَّنَاءُ عَلَيْه بجَمِيع مَحامِده.
(و) الذِّكْرُ: (الكِتَابُ) الَّذِي (فِي تَفْصِيلُ الدِّينِ ووَضْعُ المِلَلِ) ، وكُلُّ كِتابٍ من الأَنْبِيَاءِ ذِكْرٌ، وَمِنْه قولُه تَعَالَى: {إِنَّا نَحْنُ نَزَّلْنَا الذّكْرَ وَإِنَّا لَهُ لَحَافِظُونَ} (الْحجر: 9) قَالَ شيخُنا: وحُمِل على خُصُوص القُرآنِ وَحْدَه أَيضاً وصُحِّحَ.
(و) الذّكْر (مِنَ الرّجالِ: القَوِيُّ الشُّجَاعُ) الشَّهْم الماضِي فِي الأُمور (الأَبِيُّ) الأَنِفُ، وَهُوَ مَجازٌ. هاكذا فِي سَائِر الأُصول، وَلَا أَدْرِي كَيفَ يَكُونُ ذالك. ومُقْتَضى سِياق مَا فِي أُمَّهاتِ اللُّغةِ أَنه فِي الرِّجَال والمَطَرِ، والقَول الذَّكَر مُحَرَّكة لَا غير، يُقَال: رَجُلٌ ذَكَرٌ، وَمَطَرٌ ذَكَرٌ وقَوْلٌ ذَكَرٌ. فليحقّق ذالك وَلَا إِخال المُصَنّف إِلّا خالَفَ أَو سَها، وسبحانَ من لَا يَسْهُو، وَلم يُنبِّه عَلَيْهِ شيخُنا أَيضاً وَهُوَ مِنْهُ عَجِيب.
(و) الذَّكَر: (مِن المَطَر: الوابِلُ الشَّدِيدُ) . قَالَ الفرزْدَقُ:
فرُبَّ رَبيع بالبَلالِيقِ قد رَعَتْ
بمُسْتَنِّ أَغْياثٍ بُعَاقٍ ذُكُورُها
وَفِي الأَساس: أَصابت الأَرضَ ذُكُورُ الأَسْمِيَة؛ وَهِي الَّتِي تَجِيءُ بالبَرْد الشَّدِيد وبالسَّيْل. وَهُوَ مَجاز.
(و) الذَّكَر (مِنَ القَولِ: الصُّلبُ المَتِينُ) ، وَكَذَا شِعْر ذَكَرٌ، أَي فَحْلٌ وَهُوَ مَجَاز.
(و) من الْمجَاز أَيضاً: لِي على هاذا الأَمرِ ذِكْرُ حَقَ، (ذِكْرُ الحَقّ) ، بالكَسْر: (الصَّكُّ) ، والجَمْع ذُكُورُ حُقُوقٍ، وَقيل: ذُكُورُ حَقَ. وعَلى الثَّانِي اقْتَصَرَ الزَّمخْشَرِيّ، أَي الصُّكُوك.
(وادَّكَرهُ) ، واذَّكَرَه، (واذْدَكَرَه) ، قَلَبوا تاءَ افْتَعَل فِي هاذا مَعَ الذَّال بِغَيْر إِدْغام، قَالَ:
تُنْحِى على الشَّوْكِ جُرَازاً مِقْضَبَا
والهَمُّ تُذْرِيه اذْدِكاراً عَجَبَا
قَالَ ابْن سِيده: أَمّا اذَّكَرَ وادّكَرَ فإِبدال إِدغَامٍ، وَهِي الذِّكْر والدِّكر، لما رَأَوهَا قد انقلبتْ فِي ادَّكَر الّذي هُوَ الفِعْل المَاضي قَلَبُوها فِي الذِّكْر الي هُوَ جَمْع ذِكْره.
(واسْتَذْكَرَه) كاذَّكَره، حَكَى هاذِهِ الأَخيرةَ أَبو عُبَيْد عَن أَبِي زَيْد، أَي (تَذَكَّرَه) . فَقَالَ أَبو زَيْد: أَرتَمْتُ إِذا رَبَطْتَ فِي إِصبَعِهِ خَيْطاً يَسْتَذْكِر بِهِ حاجَته.
(وأَذْكَرَه إِيَّاه وذَكَّرَه) تَذْكِيراً، (والاسْمُ الذِّكْرَى) ، بالعسْر. (تقولُ: ذَكَّرتُه) تَذْكِرَةً، و (ذِكْرَى غيْرَ مُجْراة) وقولُه تَعَالَى: {وَذِكْرَى لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ} (الْأَعْرَاف: 2) الذِّكْرَى: (اسمٌ للتَّذْكِيرِ) ، أَي أُقِيم مُقَمَه، كَمَا تَقول: اتَّقَيْتُ تَقْوَى. قَالَ الفَرَّاءُ: يكون الذِّرَى بمَعْنَى الذِّكْر، وَيكون بمعنَى التَّذْكِير، فِي قَوْله تَعَالَى: {وَذَكّرْ فَإِنَّ الذّكْرَى تَنفَعُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ} (الذارايات: 55) (و) قولُه تَعَالَى فِي ص: {) 1 (. 023 رَحْمَة منا وذكرى لأولى الْأَلْبَاب} (ص: 43) أَي و (عِبْرة لَهُم. و) قولُه تَعَالَى: {يَتَذَكَّرُ الإِنسَانُ وَأَنَّى لَهُ الذّكْرَى} (الْفجْر: 23) أَي يَتُوب، و (من أَيْن لَهُ التَّوْبَة. و) قَوْلُه تَعَالَى: ( {ذِكْرَى الدَّارِ} (ص: 46) أَي يُذَكَّرون بالدَّارِ الآخرةِ ويُزَهَّدُون فِي الدُّنْيَا) ، وَيجوز أَن يكون المَعْنَى يُكْثِرُون ذِكْرَ الْآخِرَة، كَمَا قَاله المُصَنِّف فِي البَصَائر. وَقَوله تَعَالَى: ( {فَأَنَّى لَهُمْ إِذَا جَآءتْهُمْ ذِكْرَاهُمْ} (مُحَمَّد: 18) أَي فكَيفَ لَهُم إِذا جاءَتْهُم السَّاعَةُ بِذِكْرَاهم) وَالْمرَاد بهَا تَذَكُّرهم واتّعاظُهم، أَي لَا يَنْفعُهم يَوم القِيامة عِنْد مُشاهَدَةِ الأَهوال.
(و) يُقَال: اجعَلْه مِنْك على ذُكْرٍ، وذِكْرٍ، بِمَعْنى. و (مَا زالَ مِنِّي على ذُكْرٍ) ، بالضّمّ، (ويُكْسَر) ؛ والضَّمّ أَعْلَى (أَي تَذَكّرٍ) .
وَقَالَ الفَرَّاءُ: الذِّكْر: مَا ذَكَرْتَه بلِسَانك وأَظْهَرْته. والذُّكْر بالقَلْب. يُقَال: مَا زَال مِنّي على ذُكْرٍ، أَي لم أَنْسَه. واقتَصر ثَعْلبٌ فِي الفَصِيح على الضَّمِّ. وروَى بعضُ شُرَّاحِه الفَتْح أَيضاً، وَهُوَ غَرِيب. قَالَ شارِحُه أَبو جَعْفر اللَّبْلِيّ: يُقَال: ءَنتَ مِنِّي على ذُكْرٍ، بالضَّمّ، أَي عَلَى بَالٍ، عَن ابْنِ السِّيد فِي مُثَلَّثِه. قَالَ: وَرُبمَا كَسُروا أَوَّلَه. قَالَ الأَخطل:
وكُنْتُمْ إِذا تَنأَوْن عَنَّا تَعَرَّضَتْ
خَيَالاَتُكُمْ أَوبِتُّ منكمْ على ذِكْرِ
قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَر: وحَكَى اللُّغَتَيْنِ أَيضاً يَعْقُوب فِي الإِصلاح، عَن أَبي عُبَيْدة، وكذالك حَكَاهُمَا يُونُس فِي نَوادِره.
وَقَالَ ثابِت فِي لَحْنه: زَعمَ الأَحْمَرُ أَنَّ الضَّمّ فِي ذِكْر هِيَ لُغَة قُرَيْش قَالَ: وذَكْر، بِالْفَتْح أَيضاً، لُغَة.
وَحكى ابنُ سِيدَه أَنَّ رَبِيعَةَ تَقول: اجعَلْه مِنْك على دِكْرٍ، بِالدَّال غير مُعْجمَة، واستَضْعَفَها.
وَتَفْسِير المُصَنّف الذِّكْر بالتَّذَكُّر هُوَ الَّذِي جَزَمَ بِهِ ابنُ هِشَام اللَّخْمِيّ فِي شَرْح الفَصِيح. ومَن فَسَّره بالبالِ فإِنَّما فَسَّره بالَّلازم، كَمَا قَالَه شيخُنا.
(ورَجلٌ ذَكْرٌ) بفَتْح فَسُكُون كَمَا هُوَ مُقْتَضَى اصْطِلاحه، (وذَكُرٌ) ، بِفَتْح فَضَمّ، (وذَكِيرٌ) ، كأَمِير، (وذِكِّيرٌ) ، كسِكِّيت: (ذُو ذُكْر) ، أَي صِيتٍ وشُهْرةٍ أَو افْتِخار، الثّالِثة عَن أَبي زَيْد. وَيُقَال: رَجُل ذَكِيرٌ، أَي جَيِّدُ الذِّكرِ والحِفْظِ.
(والذَّكَر) ، مُحَرَّكةً: (خِلافُ الأُنثَى، ج ذُكُورٌ وذُكُورَةٌ) ، بضَمِّهِما، وهاذِه عَن الصّغانِيّ، (وذِكَارٌ وذِكَارَةٌ) ، بكَسْرِهما، (وذُكْرَانٌ) ، بالضَّمّ، (وذِكَرَةٌ) ، كعِنَبة. وَقَالَ كُرَاع: لَيْسَ فِي الْكَلَام فَعَلٌ يُكَسَّر على فُعُولٍ وفُعْلانٍ إِلا الذَّكَر.
(و) الذَّكَر، من الإِنسان: عُضْوٌ معروفٌ، وَهُوَ (العَوْفُ) ، وهاكذا ذَكَرِ الجوهريّ وغيرُه. قَالَ شيخُنا: وَهُوَ من شَرْحِ الظَّاهِرِ بالغَرِب، (ج ذُكُورٌ، ومَذَاكِيرُ) ، على غَيْر قِياسٍ كأَنهم فَرَّقُوا يبن الذَّكَر الَّذِي هُوَ الفَحْل وَبَين الذَّكَرِ الَّذِي هُوَ العُضْو. وَقَالَ الأَخفش: هُوَ من الجَمْع الَّذِي لَيْس لَهُ وَاحِد، مثل العَبَابِيدِ والأَبَابِيل.
وَفِي التَّهْذِيب: وجَمْعُه الذِّكَارَة: وَمن أَجْله يُسَمَّى مَا يَلِيه المَذَاكِيرَ، وَلَا يُفْرَد، وإِن أُفردِ فمُذَكَّر، مثل مُقَدَّم ومَقَادِيم. وَقَالَ ابنُ سَيّده: والمَذَاكِير مَنْسُوبَةٌ إِلى الذَّكَر، وَاحِدهَا ذَكَرٌ، وَهُوَ من بابِ مَحَاسِنَ ومَلاَمِحَ.
(و) الذَّكَر: (أَيْبَسُ الحَدِيدِ وأَجْوَدُه) وأَشَدُّه. (كالذَّكِيرِ) ، كأَمِير، وَهُوَ خِلافُ الأَنِيثِ، وبذالك يُسَمَّى السَّيْفُ مُذَكَّراً.
(وذَكَرَهُ ذَكْراً، بالفَتْح: ضَرَبَه على ذَكَرِهِ) ، على قِيَاس مَا جَاءَ فِي هاذَا البَاب.
(و) ذَكَر (فُلاَنَةَ ذَكْراً) ، بالفَتْح: (خَطَبَها أَو تَعَرَّضَ لخِطْبَتِها) . وَبِه فُسِّر حَدِيث عَلِيَ: (إِنَّ عَلِيًّا يَذْكُر فاطِمَةَ) أَي يَخْطُبُها، وَقيل: يَتعَرَّض لخِطْبَتِها.
(و) ذَكَرَ (حَقَّه) ذِكْراً: (حَفِظَه وَلم يُضَيِّعْه) . وَبِه فُسِّر قولُه تَعَالَى: {وَاذْكُرُواْ نِعْمَتَ اللَّهِ عَلَيْكُمْ} (الْبَقَرَة: 231) ، أَي احْفَظُوهَا وَلَا تُضَيِّعُوا شُكْرَها. كَمَا يَقُول العَرَبِيّ لصاحِبه: اذْكُرْ حَقِّي عَلَيْك، أَي احفظْهُ وَلَا تُضَيِّعْهُ.
(وامرأَةٌ ذَكِرَةٌ) ، كفَرِحة، (ومُذَكَّرةٌ ومُتَذَكِّرَةٌ) ، أَي (مُتَشَبِّهَةٌ بالذُّكور) . قَالَ بَعضهم: (إِيَّاكم وكُلَّ ذَكِرَة مُذَكَّرةٍ، شَوْهَاءَ فَوْهَاءَ، تُبْطِل الحَقّ بالبُكَاءِ، لَا تَأْكُل من قِلَّة، وَلَا تَعْتَذِر من عِلّة، إِن أَقْبَلَت أَعْصَفَت، وإِن أَدبَرَتْ أَغْبَرَتْ) . وَمن ذالك: ناقةٌ مُذَكَّرة: مُشَبَّهَة بالجَمَل فِي الخَلْق والخُلُق. قَالَ ذُو الرُّمَّة:
مُذَكَّرَةٌ حَرْفٌ سِنَادٌ يَشُلُّهَا
وَظِيفٌ أَرَحُّ الخَطْوِ ظَمْآنُ سَهْوَقُ
ونَقَل الصغَانيّ: يُقَال: امرأَةٌ مُذَكَّرةٌ، إِذا أَشْبَهَت فِي شَمَائِلها الرَّجُلَ لَا فِي خِلْقَتِهَا، بِخِلَاف النَّاقَة المُذَكَّرةِ.
(وأَذْكَرَتِ) المرأَةُ وغَيرُهَا: (وَلَدَت ذَكَراً) . وَفِي الدُّعاءِ للحُبْلَى: أَذْكَرَتْ وأَيْسَرَتْ، أَي وَلَدَت ذَكَراً ويُسِّرَ عَلَيْهَا، (وَهِي مُذْكِرٌ) ، إِذا وَلَدت ذَكَراً، إِذا كَانَ ذالك لَهَا عَادَة فَهِيَ (مِذْكارٌ) ، وكذالك الرَّجل أَيضاً مِذْكارٌ. قَالَ رُؤْبة:
نَّ تَمِيماً كَانَ قَهْباً مِنْ عَادْ
أَرْأَسَ مِذْكَاراً كثيرَ الأَوْلاَدْ
وَفِي الحَدِيث: (إِذا غَلَبَ ماءُ الرَّجل ماءَ المرأَةِ أَذْكَرَا) ، أَي وَلَدَا ذَكَراً، وَفِي رِوَايَة (إِذا سَبَقَ مَاءُ الرجلِ ماءَ المرأَةِ أَذكرتْ بإِذن الله) أَي وَلَدَتْه ذَكَراً. وَفِي حَدِيث عُمر: (هبِلَت أُمُّه. لقد أَذْكَرَت بِهِ) ، أَي جاءَتْ بِهِ ذكَراً جَلْداً.
(والذُّكْرَة، بالضَّمّ: قِطْعَةٌ من الفُولاذِ) تُزَاد (فِي رأْسِ الفَأْسِ وغيرِه. و) يُقَال ذهبَتْ ذُكْرةُ السَّيْف. الذُّكْرَة (من الرَّجلِ والسيفِ: حِدَّتُهُما. وَهُوَ) مَجَاز. وَفِي الحَديث (أَنَّه كَانَ يَطُوف فِي لَيْلَة على نِسَائِه ويَغتسل من كلِّ وَاحِدَة منهنّ، غُسْلاً فسُئِلَ عَن ذالِك فَقَالَ: إِنَّه (أَذْكرُ) مِنْهُ) أَي (أَحَدُّ) .
(وذُكُورَةُ الطِّيبِ) وذِكَارَتُه، بالكَسْر، وذُكورِ: (مَا) يَصْلُح للرِّجال دُوٌّ ع النِّسَاءِ، وَهُوَ الَّذِي (لَيْسَ لَهُ رَدْعٌ) ، أَي لَوْن يَنْفُضُ، كالمِسْك والعُودِ والكَافُور والغَالِيَة والذَّرِيرَة. وَفِي حَدِيث عائِشَةَ (أَنَّه كَانَ يتَطَيَّب بذِكَارَةِ الطِّيب) ، وَفِي حديثِ آخَر (كَانُوا يَكْرَهُون المُؤَنَّث من الطِّيب وَلَا يَرَوْن بذُكُورَتِه بَأْساً) وَهُوَ مَجاز، والمُؤَنَّثُ من الطِّيب كالخَلُوق والزَّعْفَرَان. قَالَ الصَّغَانيّ: والتَّاءُ فِي الذُّكُورة لتَأْنِيث الجَمْع، مثلهَا فِي الحُزُونَة السُّهُولَة.
(و) من أمثلهم: ((مَا اسمُك أَذكُرْهُ) بقطْع الهَمْزِ من أَذْكُره) ، هاذا هُوَ الْمَشْهُور، وَفِيه الوَصْل أَيضاً فِي رِوايَة أُخْرَى، قَالَه التُّدْمِيريّ فِي شَرْح الفَصِيح وَمَعْنَاهُ (إِنْكَارٌ عَلَيْه) .
وَفِي فَصِيح ثَعْلَب: وَتقول: مَا اسمُك أَذْكُرْ، ترفَعُ الاسمَ وتجزم أَذْكُر. قَالَ شَارِحه اللَّبْلِيّ: بقَطْع الهَمْزة من أَذْكُرْ وفَتْحِها، لأَنَّهَا همزةُ المُتَكلِّم من فِل ثلاثيّ، وجَزْم الراءِ على جَوَابِ الاسْتِفْهَام. والمَعْنَى: عَرِّفني باسْمِك أَذْكْرُه، ثمَّ حُذِفت الجُمْلَةُ الشِّرْطِيَّة استِغناءً عَنْهَا لكَثْرة الاسْتِعْمَال، ولأَنَّ فِيما أُبْقِيَ دَلِيلاً عَلَيْهَا. والمَثَلُ نقلَه ابنُ هِشَامٍ فِي المُغْنى وأَطَال فِي إِعرابه وتَوْجِيهِه. ونَقَله شَيْخُنَا عَنهُ وَعَن شُرَّاح الفَصِيح مَا قَدَّمناه.
(ويَذْكُر، كيَنْصُر: بَطْنٌ من رَبِيعةَ) ، وَهُوَ أَخو يَقْدُم، ابْنَا عَنَزَة بنِ أَسدٍ.
(والتَّذْكِيرُ: خِلافُ التَّأْنِيثِ) .
(و) التَّذْكِيرُ: (الوَعْظُ) ، قَالَ الله تَعَالَى: {فَذَكّرْ إِنَّمَآ أَنتَ مُذَكّرٌ} (الغاشية: 21) .
(و) التَّذْكِيرُ: (وَضْعُ الذُّكْرَةِ فِي رأْسِ الفَأْسِ وغيرِهِ) كالسَّيْف: أَنْشَد ثَعْلَب:
صَمَصَامَةٌ ذَكَّرَه مُذَكِّرُهْ
يُطَبِّق العَظْم وَلَا يُكَسرْهْ
(والمُذَكَّرُ من السيفِ) كمُعَظَّم: (ذُو الماءِ) ، وَهُوَ مَجَاز. وَيُقَال: سَيْفٌ مُذَكَّرٌ: شَفْرَتُه حَديدٌ ذَكَرٌ، ومَتْنُه أَنِيثٌ، يَقُول النَّاس: إِنَّه من عَمَل الجِنّ. وَقَالَ الأَصمعيّ: المُذَكَّرَةُ هِيَ السُّيوف شَفَراتُها حَدِيدٌ وَوَصْفُهَا كذالِك.
(و) من المَجَازِ: المُذَكَّر (من الأَيّامِ: الشَّدِيدُ الصَّعْبُ) . قَال لَبِيد:
فإِنْ كُنْتِ تَبْغِينَ الكِرَامَ فأَعْوِلِي
أَبَا حَازِمٍ فِي كُلّ يَوْمٍ مُذَكَّرِ
وَقَالَ الزمخشريّ: يومٌ مُذَكَّرٌ: قد اشتَدَّ فِيهِ القِتَالَ، (كالمُذْكِرِ، كمُحْسِن، وَهُوَ) أَي المُذْكِر كمُحْسِن: (المَخُوفُ من الطُّرُق) . يُقَال: طَرِيقٌ مُذْكِرٌ أَي مَخُوفٌ صَعْبٌ.
(و) المُذْكِر (الشَّدِيدةُ من الدّواهِي) . وَيُقَال: دَاهءَهَة مُذْكِرٌ، لَا يَقُوم لَهَا إِلَّا ذُكْرَانُ الر 2 الِ. قَالَ الجَعْديّ:
وداهِيَةٍ عَمْيَاءَ صَمَّاءَ مُذكِرٍ
تَدِرّ بسَمَ فِي دَمٍ يتَحَلَّبُ
(كالمُذَكَّرَةَ، كمُعَظَّمة) ، نَقله الصَّغَانِيّ.
قَالَ الزَّمَخْشَرِيّ: والعَرب تَكْرَه أَن تُنْتج النَّاقَةُ ذَكَراً، فضَربوا الإِذكار مَثَلاً لكُلّ مَكْرُوه.
(و) قَالَ الأَصمَعِيّ: (فَلاةٌ مِذْكَارٌ: ذَاتُ أَهْوالٍ) . وَقَالَ مَرَّةً: (لَا يَسلُكها إِلّا ذُكُورُ الرِّجالِ) .
(والتَّذْكِرَةُ: مَا يُسْتَذْكَرُ بِه الحاجةُ) ، وَهُوَ من الدّلالة والأَمارة، وَقَوله تَعَالَى: {فَتُذَكّرَ إِحْدَاهُمَا الاْخْرَى} (الْبَقَرَة: 282) قِيلَ: مَعْنَاهُ تُعِيد ذِكْرَه. وَقيل: تَجعلها ذَكَراً فِي الحُكْم.
(والذُّكَّارةُ، كرُمَّانة: فُحّالُ النَّخْلِ) .
(والاستِذْكارُ: الدِّرَاسَةُ والحِفْظُ) ، هاكذا فِي النُّسخ. وَالَّذِي فِي أُمَّهَات اللُّغَة: الدِّرَاسة للحِفظ. واستَذْكَرَ الشَّيْءَ: دَرَسِه للذِّكر. وَمِنْه الحَدِيث: (ستَذْكِرُوا القرآنَ فلَهُو أَشَدُّ تَفصِّياً من صُدُورِ الرجالِ من النَّعَم من عُقُلِها) .
(و) من المَجَاز: (ناقةٌ مُذَكَّرةُ الثُّنْيَا) ، أَي (عَظِيمةُ الرّأْسِ) كرَأْس الجَمل، وإِنما خصّ الرَّأْس (لأَنّ رأْسَها مِمّا يُسْتَثْنَى فِي القمارِ لبائِعَهَا) .
(وسَمَّوْا ذَاكِراً ومَذْكَراً كمَسْكَنٍ) ، فَمن ذالِك، ذاكِرُ بنُ كامِلِ بن أَبي غالبٍ الخُفاف الظَّفَرِيّ، مُحَدِّث.
(و) فِي الحَدِيث ((القُرآنُ ذَكَرٌ فذَكِّرُوهُ) ، أَي جَلِيلٌ نَبِيهٌ خَطِيرٌ فأَجِلُّوه واعْرِفُوا لَهُ ذالك وصِفُوه بِهِ) ، هاذا هُوَ المَشْهُور فِي تَأْويله. (أَو إِذا اخْتَلَفْتُمْ فِي الياءِ والتَّاءِ فاكْتُبُوه باليَاءِ، كَمَا صرَّحَ بِهِ) سيِّدنا عبد الله (بْنُ مَسْعُود، رَضِي اللَّهُ تَعَالَى عَنْه) . وعَلى الوَجْه الأَول اقتَصَر المصنّف فِي البَصَائِر. ومِن ذالِك أَيضاً قولُ الإِمام الشَّافِعِيّ: (العِلْم ذَكَرٌ لَا يُحِبُّه إِلّا ذُكُورُ الرِّجال) ، أَوردَه الغَزَالِيّ فِي الإِحْياءِ.
وَمِمَّا يُسْتَدْرَكَ عَلَيْهِ:
استَذْكَر الرَّجلُ: أَرْتَمَ.
وَيُقَال: كَم الذُّرة مِن وَلَدك، بالضمّ أَي الذُّكور.
وَفِي حَدِيث طارقٍ مَوْلَى عُثْمَان قَالَ لِابْنِ الزُّبيْرِ حِين صُرِع (وَالله مَا وَلَدَتَ النِّسَاءُ أَذْكَرَ منْك) ، يعنِي شَهْماً ماضِياً فِي الأُمور، وَهُوَ مَجاز.
وذُكُورُ العُشْبِ: مَا غَلُظَ وخَشُنَ.
وأَرضٌ مِذْكارٌ: تُنْبِت ذُكُورَ العُشح. وَقيل: هِيَ الَّتِي لَا تُنْبِت. والأَوّل أكثرُ. قَالَ كَعْب:
وعَرَفْتُ أَنِّي مُصبِحٌ بمَضِيعَةٍ
غَبْراءَ يَعزِفُ جِنُّهَا مِذْكارِ
وَقَالَ الأَصمَعِيُّ: فَلاَةٌ مُذْكِرٌ: تُنْبِت ذُكورَ البَقْلِ. وذُكُورُ البَقْلِ: مَا غَلُظَ مِنْهُ وإِلى المَرَارَة هُوَ، كَمَا أَنَّ أَحرَارَها مارَقٌ مِنْهُ وطَابَ.
وقَولُه تَعَالَى: {وَلَذِكْرُ اللَّهِ أَكْبَرُ} (العنكبوت: 45) فِيهِ وَجْهانِ: أحدُهما أَنَّ ذِكْرَ الله تَعَالَى إِذا ذَكَرَهُ العَبْدُ خَيْرٌ للعَبْد من ذكْر العَبْد للعَبْد.
والوَجْهُ الآخَرُ أَنَّ ذِكْرَ اللهاِ يَنْهَى عَن الفَحْشَاءِ والمُنْكَر أَكْثَرَ مِمَّا تَنْهَى الصّلاة. وَقَالَ الفَرَّاءُ فِي قَوْله تَعَالَى: {سَمِعْنَا فَتًى يَذْكُرُهُمْ} (الْأَنْبِيَاء: 6) . وَفِي قَوْله تَعَالَى: {أَهَاذَا الَّذِى يَذْكُرُ آلِهَتَكُمْ} (الْأَنْبِيَاء: 36) قَالَ: يُرِيد يَعِيبُ آلِهتَكم. قَالَ: وأَنت قَائِل لرَجُل: لَئِن ذكَرْتَنِي لتَنْدَمَنَّ، وأَنْت تُرِيد: بسُوءٍ، فَيجوز ذالك. قَالَ عنترة.
لَا تَذْكُرِي فَرَسِي وَمَا أَطْعَمْتُه
فيَون جِلْدُكِ مثْلَ جِلْدِ الأَجْرَبِ
أَرا: لَا تَعِيبِي مُهْرِي. فجعلَ الذِّكْر عَيْباً.
قَالَ أَبو مَنْصُور: أَنكَر أَبُو الهَيْثَم أَن يكون الذِّكْرُ عَيْباً. وَقَالَ فِي قَول عَنْتَرة أَي لَا تُولَعِي بِذِكْره وذِكْرِ إِيثارِي إِيّاه باللَّبَن دُونَ العِيَال. وَقَالَ الزَّجّاج نَحْواً من قَول الفَرَّاءِ، قَالَ: ويُقَال: فلانٌ يَذْكُر النَّاسَ، أَي يَغْتَابُهم، ويَذْكُر عُيُوبَهم.
وفلانٌ يَذْكُر الله، أَي يَصِفُه بالعَظَمَةَ ويُثْنِي عَلَيْهِ ويُوَحِّده. وإِنما يُحذَف مَعَ الذِّكْر مَا عُقِلَ مَعْنَاه.
وَقَالَ ابنُ دُرَيْد: وأَحسَب أَن بعضَ العَرَب يُسَمِّي السِّمَاكَ الرامِحَ: الذَّكَرَ.
والحُصُنُ: ذُكُورَةُ الخَيْلِ وذِكَارَتُها.
وسَيفٌ ذُو ذَكَرٍ، أَي صارِمٌ. ورجُلٌ ذَكِيرٌ، كأَمِيرٍ: أَنِفٌ أَبِيٌّ.
وَفِي حَدِيث عائشةَ رَضِي الله عَنْهَا (ثمَّ جَلَسوا عندَ المذَاكرِ حتَّى بَدَا حاجِبُ الشَّمس) المَذَاكِر: جمْع مَذْكَر، مَوضع الذِّكْر، كأَنَّهَا أَرادَت: عِنْد الرُّكْن الأَسْوَدِ أَو الحِجْر.
وقولُه تَعالى: {لَمْ يَكُن شَيْئاً مَّذْكُوراً} (الْإِنْسَان: 1) أَي مَوْجُوداً بِذَاتِه وإِن كَانَ مَوْجُوداً فِي عِلْم الله.
ورَجلٌ ذَكَّارٌ، ككَتَّانٍ: كَثيرُ الذِّكْر لِلَّه تَعَالى.
وسَمَّوا مَذْكُوراً.

عق

1 عَقَّ, (Msb, K, TA,) aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. عَقٌّ, (Mgh, O, Msb, TA,) He clave, split, slit, ripped, or rent; (Mgh, O, Msb, K, TA;) and he cut. (Mgh, O, TA.) You say, عَقَّ ثَوْبَهُ He slit, ripped, or rent, his garment. (Msb.) and عُقَّتْ تَمِيمَتُهُ فِى بَنِى فُلَانٍ [His amulet was cut off among the sons of such a one]; said of a boy when he has attained to the prime of manhood, and become strong, with a tribe; originating from the fact that as long as the boy was an infant, his mother hung upon him amulets to preserve him from the evil eye; and when he became full-grown, they were cut off from him: whence the saying of a poet, بِلَادٌ بِهَا عَقَّ الشَّبَابُ تَمِيمَتِى

وَأَوَّلُ أَرْضٍ مَسَّ جِلْدِى تُرَابُهَا [A country in which the attaining to the prime of manhood cut off my amulet, and the first land of which the dust touched my skin]. (TA.) b2: and [hence,] عَقَّتِ الرِّيحُ المُزْنَ, aor. and inf. n. as above, The wind drew forth a shower of fine rain from the مزن [or clouds containing water]; as though it rent them. (TA.) And عُقَّتِ السَّحَابَةُ The cloud poured forth its water; [as though it were rent;] and ↓ اِنْعَقَّت [means the same]; (TA;) and ↓ اعتقّت [likewise]. (O.) b3: and عَقَّ عَنْ وَلَدِهِ, (S, Msb,) or عَنِ المَوْلُودِ, (K,) aor. ـُ (S, Msb, TA) and عَقِّ, (TA,) inf. n. عَقٌّ, (S, Msb,) He slaughtered as a sacrifice (S, Msb, K, TA) for his child, (S, Msb,) or for the new-born child, (K,) a sheep or goat, (T, Msb, TA,) [generally the latter,] on the seventh day after the birth. (T, S, Msb, TA.) And He shaved the [hair termed] عَقِيقَة [q. v.] (S, TA) of his child, (S,) or of the new-born child. (TA.) b4: And عَقَّ بِالسَّهْمِ He shot the arrow towards the sky; and that arrow was called عَقِيقَةٌ; (S, O, K;) and it was the arrow of self-excuse: they used to do thus in the Time of Ignorance [on the occasion of a demand for blood-revenge]; and if the arrow returned smeared with blood, they were not content save with the retaliation of slaughter; but if it returned clean, they stroked their beards, and made reconciliation on the condition of the bloodwit; the stroking of the beards being a sign of reconciliation: the arrow, however, as IAar says, did not [ever] return otherwise than clean: (S, O:) the origin was this: a man of the tribe was slain, and the slayer was prosecuted for his blood; whereupon a company of the chief men [of the family of the slayer] collected themselves together to the heirs [who claimed satisfaction for the blood] of the slain, and offered the bloodwit, asking forgiveness for the blood; and if the heir [who claimed satisfaction and who acted for himself and his coheirs] was a strong man, impatient of injury, he refused to take the bloodwit; but if weak, he consulted the people of his tribe, and then said to the petitioners, “We have, between us and our Creator, a sign denoting command and prohibition: we take an arrow, and set it on a bow, and shoot it towards the sky; and if it return to us smeared with blood, we are forbidden to take the bloodwit, and are not content save with the retaliation of slaughter; but if it return clean, as it went up, we are commanded to take the bloodwit: ” so they made reconciliation; for this arrow never returned otherwise than clean; and thus they had an excuse in the opinion of the ignorant of them. (L, TA.) A poet (S, O, TA) of the family of the slain, said by some to be of Hudheyl, by IB to be El-As'ar El-Joafee, who was absent from this reconciliation, (TA,) says, عَقُّوا بِسَهْمٍ ثُمَّ قَالُوا صَالِحُوا يَا لَيْتَنِى فِى القَوْمِ إِذْ مَسَحُوا الِلُّحَى

[They shot an arrow towards the sky; them they said, “Make ye reconciliation: ” would that I were among the party when they stroked the beards]: (S, O, TA:) or, as some relate it, the first word is عَقَّوْا, with fet-h to the ق; which belongs to the class of unsound verbs [i. e. to art. عقى]. (S, O.) b5: One says also, عَقَّ وَالِدَهُ, (S, O, K,) or أَبَاهُ, (Msb,) aor. ـُ (S, O, Msb,) inf. n. عُقُوقٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and مَعَقَّةٌ (S, O, K) and عَقٌّ, (TA,) He was undutiful, disobedient, refractory, or ill-mannered, to his parent, or father; contr. of بَرَّهُ; (K;) he broke his compact of obedience to his parent, or father; (TA;) he disobeyed his father; and failed, or neglected, to behave to him in a good, or comely, manner. (Msb.) And عَقَّ الرَّحِمَ, (TA, and Ham p. 93,) like قَطَعَهَا [i. e. He severed the tie, or ties, of relationship, by unkind behaviour to his kindred]. (Ham ib.) and عَقَّ [alone], aor. ـُ inf. n. عُقُوقٌ, [He was undutiful, &c.; or he acted undutifully, &c.; or] he contravened, or opposed, him whom he was under an obligation to obey. (Har p. 158.) عُقُوقُ الوَالِدَيْنِ [Undutiful treatment, &c., of the two parents] is said in a trad. to be one of the great sins. (O.) And it is said in a prov., العُقُوقُ

أَحَدُ الثُّكْلَيْنِ [Undutiful treatment of a parent is one of the two sorts of being bereft of a child]: or, as some relate it, العُقُوقُ ثُكْلُ مَنْ لَمْ يَثْكَلْ [Undutiful treatment of a parent is (like) the bereavement of him who is not (really) bereft of his child]: i. e. he whom his children have treated undutifully (مِنْ عَقَّهُ وَلَدُهُ) is as though he were bereft of his children although they are living. (O.) [See also 3: and 4.] b6: Hence, from عُقُوقُ الوَالِدَيْنِ, the verb is metaphorically used in the saying, in a trad., مَثَلُكُمْ وَمَثَلُ عَائِشَةَ مَثَلُ العَيْنِ فِى الرَّأْسِ تُؤْذِى صَاحِبَهَا وَلَا يَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ يَعُقَّهَا إِلَّا بِالَّذِى هُوَ خَيْرٌ لَهَا (tropical:) [The similitude of you and of 'Áïsheh is that of the eye in the head, when it hurts its owner, and he cannot treat it severely save with that which is good for it: app. meaning that her severity was for the good of the objects thereof]. (TA.) A2: عَقَّ, intrans., said of lightning: see 7.

A3: عَقَّتْ said of a mare, and of an ass: see 4.

A4: عَقَّتِ الدَّلْوُ, inf. n. عَقُّ, means The bucket came up full from the well; and some of the Arabs say عَقَّت as having تَعْقِيَةٌ for its inf. n.; but it is [said to be] originally ↓ عَقَّقَت, the third ق being changed into ى, [which is then in this case suppressed,] like as they said تَظَنَّيْتُ from الظَّنُّ: [it is, however, mentioned in the TA in art. عقو also, and there expl. as meaning it rose in the well turning round: and from what here follows, it appears to mean it rose swiftly, cleaving the air:] a poet, cited by IAar, says, of a bucket, عَقَّتْ كَمَا عَقَّتْ دَلُوفُ العِقْبَانٌ meaning It clave [the air of] the well, rising swiftly, like the hastening of the swift eagle in its flight towards the prey. (TA in the present art.) 2 عَقَّّ see above, last sentence.3 عَاقَقْتُ فُلَانًا, aor. ـَ inf. n. عِقَاقٌ, I contravened, or opposed, such a one. (TA.) [See also عَقَّ وَالِدَهُ, in the latter half of the first paragraph.]4 اعقّ فُلَانٌ i. q. جَآءَ بِالعُقُوقِ [i. e. Such a one did that which was an act of undutifulness, disobedience, refractoriness, or ill manners, to his father or the like]. (S, TA.) [See also عَقَّ وَالِدَهُ, in the latter half of the first paragraph.] b2: and you say, مَا أَعَقَّهُ لِوَالِدِهِ [How undutiful, disobedient, refractory, or ill-mannered, is he to his father!]. (TA.) A2: اعقّت She (a mare, S, O, K, and an ass, TA) conceived, or became pregnant; (S, O, K;) or she did not conceive, or become pregnant, after having been covered by the stallion, or during a year or two years or some years; (K;) and ↓ عَقَّتْ, aor. ـِ (O, K, TA,) the verb being of the class of ضَرَبَ, (TA,) inf. n. عَقَاقٌ and عَقَقٌ (O, K, TA) and عُقُوقٌ, (CK, but not in other copies,) signifies the same, (O, * K, TA,) said of a mare, (O, K,) and of an ass; (O;) or عَقَاقٌ signifies pregnancy itself, as also عِقَاقٌ, (K,) and عَقَقٌ; (S, O;) or عَقَّتْ signifies she became pregnant; and اعقّت, the [hair called] عَقِيقَة grew in her belly upon the young one that she bore. (TA.) b2: Also It (a palm-tree, and a grape-vine) put forth what are termed عِقَّان [q. v.]. (S, O, K.) A3: اعقّهُ He made it bitter; (S, O, K;) namely, water; said of God; like اقعّهُ. (S, O.) and اعقّت الأَرْضُ المَآءَ The earth made the water bitter. (TA.) 7 انعقّ It became cloven, split, slit, ripped, or rent; or it clave, split, &c.; said of anything; (S, O, K, TA;) mentioned by Th as said of a garment. (TA.) b2: انعقّت السَّحَابَهُ The cloud became rent with the water. (S, O, K.) See also 1, first quarter. [And see 8.] b3: انعقّ البَرْقُ and ↓ عَقَّ [of which latter the aor. is probably يَعَقُّ, and the inf. n. عَقَقٌ, said in the K to mean اِنْشِقَاقٌ,] signify تَشَقَّقَ and اِنْشَقَّ [as though meaning The lightning became cloven]; (TA;) [but] the former is expl. as signifying the lightning was, or became, in a state of commotion (تَضَرَّبَ) in the clouds. (S, O.) [Another meaning is suggested by an explanation of عَقِيقَةٌ (q. v.) in relation to lightning.] b4: انعقّ الغُبَارُ i. q. سَطَعَ [app. as meaning The dust spread, or diffused itself]: (IF, O, K:) or اِنْشَقَّ وَسَطَعَ [became cleft, and diffused itself]. (TA.) b5: انعقّ الوَادِى The valley was, or became, deep. (TA.) A2: انعقّت العُقْدَةُ The knot became strongly, or firmly, tied. (O, * K, * TA.) 8 اعتقّ السَّحَابُ The clouds became rent, (K, TA,) and their water poured forth. (TA.) See also 1, first quarter. [And see 7.]

A2: اعتقّ السَّيْفَ He drew the sword (O, K) from its scabbard. (O.) A3: And اعتقّ [probably from عَقَّ بِالسَّهْمِ, q. v.,] He exceeded the due bounds, or was immoderate, in excusing himself. (TA.) R. Q. 1 عَقْعَقَ بِصَوْتِهِ, (O, TA,) inf. n. عَقْعَقَةٌ, (S, O,) said of the عَقْعَق [or magpie], It uttered a [kind of chattering] cry, (S, * O, TA,) resembling the sound of ع and ق [or the repeated sound of عَقْ]; (O, TA;) whence its name: and said of a bird [that utters a cry of this kind] when it comes and goes. (TA.) b2: And عَقْعَقَةٌ signifies also The shaking, or being in a state of commotion, [so as to produce a kind of crackling, or rustling, sound,] of paper, and of a new garment; like قَعْقَعَةٌ [q. v.]. (TA.) عَقٌّ Any cleft, or furrow, and any hole, in sand &c. (S, TA.) See also عَقَّةٌ.

A2: Also i. q. عَاقٌّ, q. v. (O, K.) A3: مَآءٌ عَقٌّ: see عُقٌّ.

مَآءٌ عُقٌّ, with damm, (K, TA,) or ↓ عَقٌّ, (thus written in my copies of the S and in the O,) and ↓ عُقَاقٌ, (O, K, TA,) Bitter water: (S, O, K:) or intensely bitter water: used alike as sing. and pl.: (TA:) like قُعٌّ, (TA,) or قَعٌّ, (S, O,) and قُعَاعٌ. (O, TA.) عِقٌّ: see what next follows.

عَقَّةٌ A deep excavation, hollow, cavity, trench, or the like, in the ground; (K, TA;) as also ↓ عِقٌّ, accord. to the K, there said to be with kesr, but correctly ↓ عَقٌّ, with fet-h, [q. v.,] which signifies an elongated excavation in the ground, and is originally an inf. n.; thus in the L. (TA.) b2: And A blaze of lightning extending in an elongated form in the sky, (IDrd, O, K,) or in the side of the clouds, (A, TA,) and said to be as though it were a drawn sword. (TA.) [See also عَقِيقَةٌ.]

عُقَّةٌ A certain thing with which boys play. (L, K, TA.) عِقَّةٌ: see عَقِيقَةٌ, in the former half.

عَقَقٌ: see عَقَاقٌ. b2: It is said in the K to be syn. with عَاقٌّ; but in this sense the correct word is عُقَقٌ. (TA.) عُقَقٌ: see عُقِيقَةٌ, latter half: A2: and see also عَاقٌّ, in two places.

عُقُقٌ, as a sing. and as a pl.: see عَاقٌّ.

عَقَاقٌ is an inf. n. of عَقَّتْ said of a mare (O, K) and of an ass: (O:) or it signifies Pregnancy (AA, S, K) itself; (K;) as also ↓ عِقَاقٌ, (K,) and ↓ عَقَقٌ [which is likewise said to be an inf. n. of عَقَّتْ]. (S.) You say, أَظْهَرَتِ الأَتَانُ عَقَاقًا The she-ass manifested pregnancy. (AA, S, O.) b2: And, accord. to Esh-Shafi'ee, An embryo; or a fœtus. (TA.) A2: عَقَاقِ, like قَطَامِ, [indecl.,] is a [proper] name for العُقُوقُ [Undutifulness, disobedience, refractoriness, or ill manners, to a parent, or the like]: (K, TA:) mentioned by IB, and in the O. (TA.) عُقَاقٌ, applied to water: see عُقٌّ.

عِقَاقٌ: see عَقَاقٌ.

عَقُوقٌ, applied to a mare, (S, O, K, TA,) and to an ass, (TA,) Pregnant: (S, O, K:) or not pregnant after having been covered by the stallion, or during a year or two years or some years; (K;) or it signifies thus also; (O;) having two contr. meanings; (K;) or it is applied to one in the latter state as implying a presage of good; (O, K;) so says AHát; (O, TA;) i. e., as though they meant that she would become pregnant: (TA:) it is extr.; [as being from أَعَقَّتْ;] and one should not say ↓ مُعِقٌّ; or this is a bad dial. var.; (S, O, K;) or, accord. to AA, it is from اعقّت, and عَقُوقٌ is from عَقَّتْ: (TA:) the pl. is عُقُقٌ, and عِقَاقٌ is a pl. pl., (S, O, K,) i. e. pl. of عُقُقٌ. (S, O.) It is said in a prov., طَلَبَ الأَبْلَقَ العَقُوقَ, meaning He sought an impossible thing; because ابلق is applied to a male, and عقوق means pregnant: (S, O, and K in art. بلق) or الابلق العقوق means the dawn, because it breaks, lit, cleaves. (O, and K in art. بلق.) b2: نَوَى

العَقُوقِ means Date-stones that are easily broken, (Lth, S, O, K,) soft to be chewed; (Lth, O, K;) which are given as provender to camels, (S,) or to the pregnant thereof, in consideration of her state, wherefore they are thus called; and which are eaten, or chewed, by the old woman; but this is of the speech of the people of El Basrah, and not known by the Arabs in their desert: (Lth, O:) and sometimes they called a single date-stone of this sort ↓ عَقِيقَةٌ. (S.) A2: See also عَاقٌّ.

عَقِيقٌ Cleft, split, slit, ripped, or rent; and cut; as also ↓ مَعْقُوقٌ. (TA.) b2: And [hence] Any channel which the water of a torrent has cloven (S, O, Msb, * K) of old (Msb) and made wide: (S, O:) and a valley: (O, K:) pl. أَعِقَّةٌ (S, O, Msb, K, TA) and عَقَائِقُ. (TA.) And عَقَائِقُ signifies also Pools of water in cleft furrows: (AHn, TA:) and some say, red sands. (TA.) b3: See also عَقِيقَةٌ, in two places.

A2: Also [Carnelian;] a species of فُصُوص [or stones that are set in rings]; (S;) a sort of stone, (Msb,) or red خَرَز [meaning precious stones], (O, K,) of which فُصُوص are made; (O, Msb;) existing in ElYemen, (K, TA,) near to Esh-Shihr, said by Et-Teefáshee to be brought from mines thereof at San'à, (TA,) and on the shores of the Sea of Roomeeyeh; one kind thereof is of a turbid appearance, like water running from salted flesh-meat, and having in it faint white lines, (K, TA,) and this, Et-Teefáshee says, is what is known by the appellation الرطبى [so in my original]; the best kind is the red; then, the yellow; then, the white; and the other kinds are bad: or, as some say, the streaked (المُشَطَّب) is the best: (TA:) [I omit some absurd assertions in the K and TA respecting various virtues supposed to be possessed by this stone:] the n. un. is with ة: and the pl. is عَقَائِقُ. (O, K.) [العَقِيقُ اليَمَانِىُّ is an appel-lation applied by some to The agate.]

عَقِيقَةٌ [a subst. from عَقِيقٌ, made so by the affix ة. Hence, because cleft, or furrowed, in the earth,] A river, or rivulet. (IAar, O, K.) b2: And A fillet, or bandage, (عِصَابَةٌ,) at the time of its being rent from a garment, or piece of cloth. (IAar, O, K.) b3: And The prepuce of a boy (AO, IAar, O, K) when he is circumcised. (TA.) b4: And [app. because made of cut pieces of skin,] A [leathern water-bag such as is commonly called]

مَزَادَة. (IAar, O, K.) b5: Also The wool of a جَذَع [or sheep in or before its second year]: (S, O, K, TA:) that of a ثَنِىّ [or sheep in its third year] is called جَنِيبَةٌ: (TA:) and the hair of a young one recently born, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K, TA,) that comes forth upon his head in his mother's belly, (TA,) of human beings, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K, TA,) because it is cut off on his seventh day, (Mgh,) and of others, (Msb,) [i. e.] of beasts likewise; (S, O, K, TA;) as also ↓ عَقِيقٌ and ↓ عِقَّةٌ; (S, O, Msb, K;) but A 'Obeyd says that he had not heard this last except in relation to human beings and asses: (S, O, K: *) its pl. (i. e. the pl. of عِقَّةٌ) is عِقَقٌ: (O, K:) [the pl. of عَقِيقَةٌ and عَقِيقٌ is عَقَائِقُ: a law of the Sunneh requires that the عَقِيقَة of an infant should be weighed, and its weight in silver be given to the poor: (and Herodotus, in ii. 65, mentions a similar custom as obtaining among the Ancient Egyptians:)] when the hair has once fallen from the young [by its being cut], the term عَقِيقَةٌ ceases to be applied to it: so says Lth: (O, TA:) but it occurs in a trad. applied to hair as being likened to the hair of a recently-born infant. (TA.) b6: Hence, (S, O,) it is applied also to The sheep, or goat, [generally the latter,] that is slaughtered (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K) as a sacrifice for the recentlyborn infant (S, Mgh, Msb) on the occasion of the shaving of the infant's hair (O, K) on the seventh day after his birth, (S, Msb,) and of which the limbs are divided, and cooked with water and salt, and given as food to the poor: (Lth, TA:) Z holds it to be thus called from the same word as applied to the hair: but it is said [by some] to be so called because it is slaughtered by cutting the windpipe and gullet and the two external jugular veins: (TA:) the Prophet disallowed this appellation, (Mgh, Msb,) as being of evil omen, (Mgh,) or as though he saw them to regard it as of evil omen, (Msb,) and desired them to use نَسِيكَةٌ in its stead; (Mgh, Msb, TA;) saying I like not العُقُوق. (TA.) b7: عَقِيقَةُ البَرْقِ signifies What remains [for an instant] in the clouds, of the rays, or beams, of lightning; (Lth, O, K;) as also ↓ العُقَقُ; (K;) which, as well as العَقِيقَةُ, is also expl. as meaning lightning which one sees in the midst of the clouds, resembling a drawn sword: (TA:) or عَقِيقَةُ البَرْقِ signifies lightning in a state of commotion in the clouds: (S, O:) or lightning extending in an elongated form in the side, or breadth, of the clouds: (TA:) or lightning that cleaves the clouds, and extends high, into the midst of the sky, without going to the right and left: (S in art. خفو:) or, as expl. by Aboo-Sa'eed, a flash of lightning that has spread in the horizon: (O, voce شَقِيقَةٌ:) a sword is likened thereto: (S, O, K:) and [the pl.] عَقَائِقُ is a name for swords: (O, K:) ↓ عَقِيقٌ, also, signifies lightning. (TA.) b8: And عَقِيقَةٌ signifies also An arrow shot towards the sky; (S, O, K;) the arrow of self-excuse; which was used in the manner described in the explanation of the phrase عَقَّ بِالسَّهْمِ [q. v.]. (S, O.) b9: See also عَقُوقٌ, last signification.

سَحَابَةٌ عَقَّاقَةٌ A cloud pouring forth its water: (TA:) or a cloud much rent by water. (T, TA voce هَيْدَبٌ.) عِقَّانٌ Shoots that come forth from the أُصُول [meaning trunks, or stems,] of palm-trees and of grape-vines; (S, O, K;) and which, if not cut off, cause the اصول to become vitiated, or unsound. (S, O.) [See also صُنْبُورٌ: and see عَوَاقٌّ, below.]

عَقْعَقٌ [The magpie, corvus pica; so called in the present day;] a certain bird, (S, O, Msb, K,) well known, (S, O,) of the size of the pigeon, (Msb,) party-coloured, black and white, (O, Msb, K,) having a long tail, (O, Msb,) said by Is-hák El-Mowsilee to be the same that is called شَجَجَى, (Th, IB, TA,) a species of crow, (IAth, Msb, TA,) wherefore it is said in a trad. that the man in the state of إِحْرَام may kill it; (IAth, TA;) its cry resembles the sound of ع and ق [or the repeated sound of عَقْ]; (O, K;) and the Arabs regard it as an evil omen. (Msb.) [See also صُرَدٌ.]

عَاقٌّ Undutiful, disobedient, refractory, or illmannered, to his parent, or father; (S, * O, * K;) breaking, or one who breaks, his compact of obedience to his parent, or father; (TA;) disobeying, or disobedient to, his father; and failing, or neglecting, to behave to him in a good, or comely, manner; (Msb;) [and severing, or one who severs, the tie, or ties, of relationship, by unkind behaviour to his kindred; (see its verb;)] and ↓ عَقٌّ signifies the same; (O, K;) as also ↓ عُقَقٌ, (S, O, TA,) but in an intensive sense, altered from عَاقٌّ, like غُدَر and فُسَق from غَادِر and فَاسِق, in the K erroneously said to be عَقَقٌ; (TA;) and ↓ عُقُقٌ; (L, and TA as from the K, but not in my MS. copy of the K nor in the CK;) which last signifies also [as a pl.] men severing, or who sever, the ties of relationship, by unkind behaviour to their kindred; and also remote, or distant, enemies: (TA:) [and ↓ عَقُوقٌ is app. used (as Freytag asserts it to be) in the sense of عَاقٌّ in the Fákihet el-Khulatà, p. 55, 1. 7 from the bottom:] the pl. of عَاقٌّ is عَقَقَةٌ, (S, O, Msb, K,) like كَفَرَةٌ, (S,) and عُقَّقٌ, like رُكَّعٌ, a form used by Ru-beh, (O,) and أَعِقَّةٌ, which is an extr. [meaning anomalous] pl. (Ham p. 93.) ↓ ذُقٌ عُقَقُ, (S, O,) in a trad., (S,) said by Aboo-Sufyán to Hamzeh on the day of Ohod, when he passed by him slain, (S, * O,) means ذُقٌ جَزَآءَ فِعْلِكَ [Taste thou the recompense of thy deed], (S,) or ذُقِ القَتْلَ [taste thou slaughter], (O,) يَا عَاقُّ [O undutiful, &c.; or, accord. to the explanation in the TA mentioned above, عُقَقُ, for يَا عُقَقُ, means O very undutiful, &c.]. (S, O.) عَوَاقُّ النَّخْلِ The shoots, or offsets, of the palmtrees, that grow forth therewith. (O, K.) [See also عِقَّانٌ.]

أَعَقُّ مِنْ ضَبٍّ [More undutiful, &c., to kindred, than a lizard of the species called ضبّ] is a prov. [mentioned, but not expl., in the O]: IAar says, the female [of the ضبّ] is meant; and its عُقُوق consists in its eating its young ones. (TA.) [See also Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 152-3. And see an ex. of أَعَقُّ in a verse cited in art. زهد, conj. 2.]

مُعِقٌّ: see عَقُوقٌ.

مَعْقُوقٌ: see عَقِيقٌ, first sentence.

شر

ى1 شَرَاهُ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. ـِ (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. شِرًى (S, Mgh, Msb, TA) and شِرَآءٌ, (S, * Mgh, Msb, * TA,) the former inf. n. the more in repute, (Msb, TA,) and this is of the dial. of Nejd, the latter being of the dial. of El-Hijáz, or the latter may be said to be with medd for the purpose of assimilating it to a preceding word, accord. to El-Munádee, or it may be regarded as an inf. n. of شَارَاهُ, (TA,) i. q. بَاعَهُ [in the sense in which this is generally used, i. e. He sold it]; (S, Mgh, K;) he gave it for a price: (Msb:) and i. q. ↓ اِشْتَرَاهُ [in the sense in which this is generally used, i. e. he bought it]; (S, Mgh;) i. e. شَرَاهُ signifies also he took it, or acquired it, for a price: (Msb:) or this and ↓ اشتراه both signify بَاعَهُ [as meaning he sold it]; (T, * K, TA;) but the former is more used than the latter in this sense: (T, TA:) and both signify also [he bought it; i. e.] he possessed it by sale; (K;) which is the more usual meaning of the latter: (T, TA:) thus the former has two contr. meanings, (S, Msb, K,) and the latter also: (K:) for the two persons selling and buying sell and buy the price and the thing upon which the price is put; so that each of the things given in exchange is sold in one point of view and bought in another. (Msb, TA.) It is said in the Kur [ii. 203], وَمِنَ النَّاسِ مَنْ يَشْرِى

نَفْسَهُ ابْتِغَآءَ مَرْضَاةِ اللّٰهِ i. e. [And of men is he] who sells [himself in the endeavour to obtain the approval of God]. (S, * TA.) And in the same, [xii. 20], وَشَرَوْهُ بِثَمَنٍ بَخْسٍ i. e. And they sold him [for a deficient, or an insufficient, price]. (S, TA.) And in the same [ii. 15], أُولَائِكَ الَّذِينَ الضَّلَالَةَ بِالْهُدَى ↓ اشْتَرَوُا, originally اشْتَرَيُوا, (S,) [lit. Those are they who have purchased error with right direction,] meaning, (tropical:) who have taken الضلالة in exchange for الهدى: (Ksh, Bd, Jel:) or (tropical:) who have preferred الضلالة to الهدى: (Ksh, Bd:) [for] of any one who relinquishes a thing and lays hold upon another thing, one says اشتراه; (K, TA;) which is thus tropically used [as meaning (tropical:) he took it in exchange بِغَيْرِهِ by giving up another thing]; (TA;) and hence this saying in the Kur-án. (K, TA.) b2: [Hence,] شَرَى بِنَفْسِهِ عَنِ القَوْمِ (tropical:) He advanced before the people, or party, (K, TA,) to their enemy, (TA,) and fought in defence of them: or (tropical:) he advanced to the Sultán, and spoke for the people: (K, TA:) [as though he sold himself for them; the ب in بنفسه being app. redundant:] or, as in the Tekmileh, شَرَى بِنَفْسِهِ إِلَى القَوْمِ (tropical:) he advanced to the people, or party, and fought them. (TA.) b3: And شَرَى

فُلَانًا, (K,) inf. n. شِرًى, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) He mocked at, scoffed at, laughed at, derided, or ridiculed, such a one: (K:) [and] so ↓ شَرَّاهُ. (TA voce جَدَّعَهُ [q. v.: thus there written, perhaps for the purpose of assimilating it to جَدَّعَهُ].) b4: And i. q. أَرْغَمَهُ (assumed tropical:) [He angered such a one; or did evil to him, and angered him]: (Lh, K, TA:) and so أَوْرَمَهُ, and غَطَاهُ [or perhaps عَظَاهُ, for both are expl. alike]: all said of God. (Lh, TA.) And فَعَلَ بِهِ مَا شَرَاهُ (assumed tropical:) He did to him that which occasioned evil to him; or that which displeased, grieved, or vexed, him; syn. سَآءَهُ. (TA.) And لَحَاهُ اللّٰهُ وَشَرَاهُ (assumed tropical:) [May God remove him far from good or prosperity, or curse him, and do evil to him, or displease or grieve or vex him]. (TA.) A2: شَرَى اللّٰهُ فُلَانًا, (K,) inf. n. شِرًى, (TA,) also signifies God smote him, or may God smite him, with the eruption termed شَرًى [q. v.]. (K, TA.) A3: and شَرَاهُ, (K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. شِرًى, (TA,) i. q. شَرَّرَهُ, (K, TA,) i. e. He spread it [to dry]; (TA;) [in copies of the K, in art. شر, written, in this sense, ↓ شَرَّاهُ;] namely, flesh-meat, and a garment, or piece of cloth, and [the preparation of curd called]

أَقِط. (K.) A4: شَرِىَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. شَرًى, (S, K,) said of lightning, (S, K, &c.,) It shone, or gleamed, much: (S:) or it shone, or gleamed, (K, TA,) and spread in the face of the clouds, or, as in the T, became dispersed in the face of the clouds: (TA:) and ↓ اشرى signifies the same; (K;) or it shone, or gleamed, consecutively: the latter verb mentioned by Sgh. (TA.) b2: and hence, (S,) said of the nose-rein of a camel, (S, TA,) It was, or became, in a state of commotion, (TA,) or, of much commotion. (S, TA.) [See also 12.]) b3: Also, (K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) He (a man) was, or became, angry: (K, TA:) or he was, or became, flurried by reason of anger. (S, TA.) b4: And, said of evil, or mischief, It spread, بَيْنَهُمْ among them: (K, TA:) or became great, or formidable; and in like manner said of an affair, or event. (Nh, TA. [See also 10.]) b5: Also, and ↓ استشرى, He (a man, S) persisted, or persevered, (S, K,) in an affair, (S,) or in his error, and his corrupt conduct: and the former, said of a man, is like غَرِىَ in measure and meaning [i. e. he persisted, or persevered, in his anger]. (TA.) One says of a horse, شَرِىَ فِى

سَيْرِهِ, (S, K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) He per-sisted, or persevered, in his pace, or going; as also ↓ استشرى: (S:) or he exceeded the usual bounds therein, (K, TA,) and went on without languor: (TA:) and فِى عَدْوِهِ ↓ استشرى he (i. e. a horse) persisted, or persevered, in his running: (Mgh:) and شَرِىَ فِى لِجَامِهِ he (a horse) strained his bridle. (A, TA.) And شَرِيَتْ عَيْنُهُ بِالدَّمْعِ His eye persisted, or persevered, in the shedding of tears, the tears pouring forth consecutively. (TA.) A5: And شَرِىَ, (S, K, TA,) aor. ـَ inf. n. شَرًى, (K, * TA,) He, (TA,) or his skin, broke out with the eruption termed شَرًى [q. v.]. (S, K, TA.) 2 شَرَّىَ see the preceding paragraph, in two places.3 شَارَاهُ, inf. n. مُشَارَاةٌ and شِرَآءٌ, i. q. بَايَعَهُ [as signifying He sold and bought with him: and he bartered, or exchanged commodities, with him: that شاراه has both of these meanings (like بايعه) is shown by the fact that مُشَارَاةٌ is also expl. in the TA, on the authority of Er-Rághib, as signifying the same as قِبَاضٌ]. (K.) b2: Also, (Mgh,) inf. n. مُشَارَاةٌ, (TA,) He persisted in contention, litigation, or wrangling: (Mgh:) one says, هُوَ يُشَارِيهِ (T, M, K) He persists in contention, litigation, or wrangling, with him: (M, TA:) or he contends in altercation, disputes, or litigates, with him; or does so vehemently, or obstinately; syn. يُجَادِلُهُ: (K, TA:) and it is said of the Prophet, in a trad., كَانَ لَا يُشَارِى وَلَا يُمَارِى [He used not to persist in contention, &c.]: (Mgh, TA:) meaning accord. to Th, بِالشَّرِّ ↓ كَانَ لَا يَسْتَشْرِى [he used not to persist, or persevere, with evil conduct]: (TA:) from اِسْتَشْرَى فِى عَدْوِهِ [expl. above (see 1 near the end)] as said of a horse: (Mgh:) or, accord. to Az, (TA,) originally يُشَارِرُ; one of the رs being changed into ى. (K, * TA. [See 3 in art. شر: and see also 3 in art. جرى.]) 4 اشرى, said of lightning: see 1, latter half. b2: Said of a camel, He sped, or went quickly. (IKtt, TA.) b3: اشرى بَيْنَهُمْ He excited discord, strife, or animosity, between them, or among them. (Az, K.) b4: اشرى الحَمَلُ (K accord. to the CK, [which, I think, evidently gives the right reading,] in the TA and in my MS. copy of the K الجمل,) i. q. تَفَلَّقَتْ عَقِيقَتُهُ [i. e. The lamb had its wool cleaving open, or becoming cleft]: (K: [Freytag, following the TK, and reading الحِمْلُ, explains the verb as said of fruit, and meaning “ diffissos habuit nucleos; ” but I cannot find any authority for the signification that he thus assigns to عَقيقة:]) mentioned by Sgh. (TA.) b5: اشرت الشَّجَرَةُ The plant [crept upon the ground, or] was like the cucumber and the melon; as also ↓ استشرت. (TA.) b6: See also 5.

A2: اشراهُ He filled it; (S, K;) namely, a watering-trough: and in like manner اشرى جَفْنَةً he filled a bowl, (S,) or جِفَانَهُ his bowls for the guests. (TA.) b2: And He made it to incline, (K, TA,) فِى نَاحِيَةِ كَذَا [in the direction of such a thing]. (TA.) Hence the saying of a poet, وَأَنَّنِى حَيْثُمَا يُشْرِى الهَوَى بَصَرِى

مِنْ حَوْثَمَا سَلَكُوا أَدْنُو فَأَنْظُورُ [And that I, wherever love makes my eye, or eyes, to incline, wherever they travel, approach and look: فانظور being for فَأَنْظُرُ]: or, as some relate it, أَثْنِى فَأَنْظُورُ [i. e. turn myself, or my eyes, and look]. (TA.) b3: [Also He put it in motion; namely, a bridle. (Freytag, from the Deewán of the Hudhalees.)]5 تشرّى It became scattered, or dispersed: (K:) accord. to the M, said in this sense of a company of men. (TA.) b2: Also, said of a man, (S,) or of a party, or company of men, (TA,) He, or they, became like the شُرَاة [pl. of شَارٍ q. v.] in his, or their, actions; (S, * TA;) and so ↓ اشرى. (IAth, TA.) 6 تَشَارَيَا They sued each other; or cited each other before a judge; syn. تَقَاضَيَا. (A, TA.) 8 إِشْتَرَىَ see the first paragraph, in three places.10 استشرى: see 1, latter part, in three places: and see 3. b2: Also He persisted, or persevered, in consideration, or examination. (TA.) b3: and استشرى فِى دِينِهِ He strove, or exerted himself, or was diligent, or studious, and was careful, or mindful, or regardful, in his religion. (TA.) b4: And استشرت الأُمُورُ بَيْنَهُمْ The affairs, or events, were, or became, great, or formidable, between them, or among them. (K, * TA. [See also شَرِىَ.]) b5: And see 4.12 اِشْرَوْرَى It was, or became, in a state of commotion. (K. [See also شَرِىَ.]) شَرْىٌ The colocynth: (S, K:) or it signifies, (K,) or signifies also, (S,) the plant thereof: (S, K:) n. un. with ة: (S:) and ↓ شَرْيَانٌ also signifies the colocynth; as a dial. var. of شَرْىٌ: or the leaves thereof. (TA.) One says, هُوَ أَحْلَى مِنَ الأَرْىِ وَأَمَرُّ مِنَ الشَّرْىِ [He, or it, is sweeter than honey and more bitter than colocynth]. (TA.) And فُلَانٌ لَهُ طَعْمَانِ أَرْىٌ وَشَرْىٌ [Such a one has two flavours, that of honey and that of colocynth]. (S, TA.) b2: And Any kind of plant that spreads upon the ground, running [or creeping] and extending; such as the melon and the cucumber. (AHn, O voce سُطَّاحٌ, q. v., and TA * in the present art.) b3: And Palm-trees that grow from the datestones: (K:) and with ة [as the n. un.] one of such palm-trees. (S.) b4: And, accord. to IJ, A kind of tree of which bows are made. (L voce حَتٌّ, q. v. [See also شِرْيَانٌ.]) A2: See also شَرًى.

A3: And see شَرْوَى.

شَرًى A road, (K, TA,) in a general sense. (TA.) And, (K,) with the article ال, [particularly] A road of Selmà, (S, K, TA,) the mountain so called, (TA,) abounding with lions: (S, K, TA:) whence they say of courageous men, مَا هُمْ

إِلَّا أُسُودُ الشَّرَى [They are no other than the lions of Esh-Sharà]. (TA.) b2: And i. q. نَاحِيَةٌ [as meaning An adjacent tract or region]; (S, K;) as also ↓ شَرَآءٌ: (K:) accord. to some, of the right hand: (TA:) pl. أَشْرَآءٌ. (S, K.) Hence, شَرَى

الفُرَاتِ The adjacent tract (نَاحِيَة) of the Euphrates: (TA:) and أَشْرَآءُ الحَرَمِ the adjacent tracts of the Sacred Territory; syn. نَوَاحِيهِ. (S.) b3: And A mountain. (K.) A2: Also The bad, or worse, or worst, of cattle: accord. to J, [in the S,] ↓ شَرْىٌ, [said in the S to be like شَوَى المَالِ,] which is [said to be] a mistake: (K:) but ElBedr El-Karáfee questions it being so: (TA:) and the good, or better, or best, thereof; as also ↓ شَرَاةٌ: thus having two contr. significations: (K:) and so says ISk: but ISd says that إِبِلٌ

↓ شَرَاةٌ, like سَرَاةٌ, means choice camels. (TA.) A3: And A certain eruption upon the body, resembling dirhems: (TA:) or small pimples or purulent pustules, having a burning property: (S:) or small pimples or purulent pustules, red, itching, and distressing, generally originating at once, (K, TA,) but sometimes gradually, (TA,) and becoming [more] severe by night in consequence of a hot vapour breaking forth at once upon the body: (K, TA:) thus in the “ Kánoon ” of Ibn-Seenà [or Avicenna]. (TA.) A4: ذُو الشَّرَى A certain idol of [the tribe of] Dows (دَوْس), (K, TA,) in the Saráh (السَّرَاة): so says Nasr. (TA.) شَرٍ Having the eruption termed شَرًى, described in the next preceding paragraph. (S, K.) شِرًى, (S, TA,) an inf. n. of شَرَى, aor. ـْ (TA,) [when used as a simple subst., signifying A sale and also a purchase,] has أَشْرِيَةٌ for its pl., which, as pl. of a sing. of the measure فِعَلٌ, is anomalous. (S, TA.) شَرَاةٌ: see شَرًى, in two places.

شَرَآءٌ: see شَرًى.

شَرِىٌّ Sold: and also bought: applied in this sense to a male slave; and شَرِيَّةٌ to a female slave. (Msb.) b2: Also A horse that persists, or perseveres, in his pace, or going: (S:) or that exceeds the usual bounds therein, (K, TA,) and goes on without languor: (TA:) or a choice horse: (A, TA:) or an excellent, choice horse. (TA.) شَرِيَّةٌ A way, course, mode, or manner, of acting or conduct or the like: and a nature; or a natural, a native, or an innate, disposition or temper or the like. (K.) A2: Also, of women, Such as bring forth females. (K.) One says, تَزَوَّجَ فِى شَرِيَّةِ نِسَآءٍ He married among women such as bring forth females. (TA.) شَرْوَى, in which the و is a substitute for ى, as it is in تَقْوَى and the like, (TA,) The like (S, K) of a thing: (S:) because a thing is sometimes bought with the like thereof: (TA:) [used alike as sing. and pl.: and, accord. to the TA, it seems that ↓ شَرْىٌ signifies the same.] It is said of Shureyh, كَانَ يُضَمِّنُ القَصَّارَ شَرْوَى الثَّوْبِ الَّذِى

أَهْلَكَهُ [He used to make the washer responsible for the like of the garment, or piece of cloth, that he destroyed]. (TA.) And it is said in a trad. of 'Omar, relating to the [collecting of the] poorrate, فَلَا يَأْخُذُ إِلَّا تِلْكَ السِّنَّ مِنْ شَرْوَى إِبِلِهِ [i. e. And he shall not take any save of that age, of the likes of his camels]. (TA.) شِرَوِىٌّ, in which the و is a substitute for ى, and ↓ شِرَائِىٌّ, [both signifying Of, or relating to, selling, and also of, or relating to, buying,] are rel. ns.; the former, of the inf. n. شِرًى; and the latter, of the inf. n. شِرَآءٌ. (Msb, TA.) شَرْيَانٌ see شَرْىٌ: b2: and see what next follows.

شِرْيَانٌ and ↓ شَرْيَانٌ, (S, K,) the former of which is the more in repute, (TA,) the former said to be quasi-quadriliteral, like جِرْيَالٌ, [and therefore mentioned also in the TA in art. شرن,] but held by IB to be of the measure فِعْلَانٌ, (TA in art. شرن,) A kind of tree, (S, K, TA,) of the عِضَاه [q. v.] of the mountains, (TA,) of which bows are made: (S, K, TA:) n. un. with ة: the tree thus called grows in the manner, and of the height and width, of the [species of lote-tree called] سِدْر, and has a yellow, sweet نَبِقَة [or drupe]: so says AHn: and he adds, Aboo-Ziyád says, bows are made of the شريان, and the bow made thereof is good, but black tinged with redness; its wood being of those woods of which good bows are [commonly] made; and they assert that it seldom, or never, becomes crooked: Mbr says that the نَبْع and شَوْحَط [q. v.] and شريان are one kind of tree, but differing in name and estimation according to the places of growth; such thereof as is upon the summit of the mountain being the نبع; and such as is at the base, or foot, or lowest or lower part, thereof, the شريان. (TA. [But see شَوْحَطٌ.]) b2: Also sing. of شَرَايِينُ signifying The arteries; i. e. the pulsing veins; (S, K;) which spring from the heart: (S:) but the anatomists assert that they spring from the liver, and pass by the heart. (TA.) b3: شِرْيَانٌ, with kesr, signifies also A crack, or fissure, [in a rock,] such as is termed ثَتٌّ. (Az, TA.) شِرَائِىٌّ: see شِرَوِىٌّ.

شَارٍ Selling, or a seller: (Mgh, TA:) and buying, or a buyer: as also ↓ مُشْتَرٍ [in both senses, but generally in the latter sense; whereas شَارٍ is generally used in the former sense]: (TA:) pl. of the former شُرَاةٌ. (Mgh.) b2: Also, (S, TA,) and ↓ شَارِىٌّ, in which latter the ى is not the ى of a rel. n. but is an affix corroborative of the epithet, as in the cases of أَحْوَرُ and أَحْوَرِىٌّ [or أَحْمَرُ and أَحْمَرِىٌّ] and صُلَّبٌ and صُلَّبِىٌّ, (TA,) One of the people to whom is applied the appellation الشُّرَاةُ, (S, TA,) which means the [heretics, or schismatics, commonly known by the name of] خَوَارِج [pl. of خَارِجِىٌّ, q. v.]: (S, M, Mgh, K, &c.:) so called because they said, We have sold ourselves in obedience to God, i. e., for Paradise, when we separated ourselves from the erring Imáms: (S:) or because they sold themselves for the sake of what they believed: or because they said, Verily God has purchased us and our possessions: (Mgh:) but ISk says, because of their vehement hatred of the Muslims: and the author of the K says that it is from شَرِىَ signifying “ he was angry,” and “ he persisted, or persevered; ” and he charges J with error in his explaining it as above, from their saying “ we have sold ourselves ” &c.; but this charge is senseless, for J has followed herein more than one of the leading authorities: the author of the K has followed ISd, who, however, adds, as to themselves, they say “ We are the شُرَاة ” because of the saying in the Kur ii. 203 [cited in the first paragraph of this art.], and the saying [in ix. 112] “ Verily God hath purchased, of the believers, themselves ”

[&c.]; and the like is said in the Nh, with this addition, that شُرَاةٌ is the pl. of شَارٍ; i. e., it is from شَرَى, aor. ـْ or it may be from المُشَارَاةُ meaning المُلَاجَّةُ: moreover, the part. n. of شَرِىَ is شَرٍ; and this has not شُرَاةٌ for its pl. (TA.) شَارِىٌّ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مُشْتَرٍ: see شَارٍ.

A2: المُشْتَرِى A certain star, (S, K,) well-known; (K;) [Jupiter;] one of the Seven Stars. (TA.) A3: And A certain bird. (K.)