ميل

1 مَالَ [He, or it, inclined, leant, bent, propended, tended, declined, deviated, or deflected.]

b2: مَالَ مَعَهُ and ↓ مَايَلَهُ He conformed with, and assisted, or aided, him. (TA.) b3: مَالَ إِلَيْهِ He loved him. (TA.) b4: He wronged him. (TA.) He was, or became, inimical to him. b5: مَالَتِ الدَّابَّةُ مِنْ رِجْلِهَا (K, art. غمز,) i. q. ظَلَعَتْ [It limped]. (TA.) 2 مَيَّلَ بَيْنَ شَيْئَيْنِ He wavered, or vacillated, between two things. (S, MA.) See 10.3 مَايَلَهُ He inclined towards him reciprocally: and مَايَلَا they two inclined each towards the other. (TK, art. هود.) See also مَالَ مَعَهُ in 1.5 تَمَيَّلَ See 6. b2: تَمَيَّلَ بِالقَوْلِ He vacillated in the saying: see تَرَجَّحَ.6 تَمَايَلَ فِى مِشْيَتِهِ [He affected an inclining of his body, or a bending, or he inclined his body, or bent, from side to side, in his gait; a meaning well known, and still common]; (S;) syn. تَثَنَّى. (Har, p. 269.) b2: See تَزَايُغٌ. b3: تَمَايَلَتْ فِى

مِشْيَتِهَا and ↓ تَمَيَّلَتْ signify the same. (TA.) b4: تَمَايَلَ إِلَى الشَّىْءِ; and عَنْ طَرِيقِهِ: i. q. تَجَانَفَ [He affected a deviation, or purposely deviated from his course, &c.] (TA in art. جنف.) 10 استمالهُ

, and استمال بِقَلْبِهِ, (S, K,) He inclined him, and his heart. (K.) b2: اِسْتَمَالَهُ He attracted him to himself; or sought to make him incline. (MA.) b3: استمال is a quasi-pass. of ↓ مَيَّلَهُ. (K, * TA.) مِيلٌ as used by the Arabs, [A mile:] The distance to which the eye reaches along land: accord. to the ancient astronomers, three thousand cubits: accord to the moderns, four thousand cubits: but the difference is merely verbal; for they agree that its extent is ninety-six thousand digits; [about 5166 English feet;] each digit being the measure of six barley-corns, each placed with its belly next to another; but the ancients say that the cubit is thirty-two digits; which makes the mile three thousand cubits. (Msb, which see for more.) See also مُطْلِبٌ b2: ميِلٌ i. q.

مُلْمُولٌ, [A style]. (K.) مَيْلٌ Inclination; leaning; bent; propensity; tendency.

مَيَلٌ A natural wryness. (S.) مِيلَانِ (?) of a مَحَالَة of a well: see ثِنَايَةٌ.

مَيَّالٌ [i. q.

مُتَمَايِلٌ, Inclining much]. (A, art. فيد.) See سَيَّالٌ.

أَمْيَلُ Swaying on horseback: see an ex. of its pl. مِيلٌ in a verse cited voce أَشْعَلَ. b2: عِمَّةٌ مَيْلَآءُ: see قَفْدَآءُ.

امالةُ الأَلِفِ The inclining of the sound of ا when quiescent, after fet-hah, towards the sound of ى; so that the fet-hah, with that ا, composes a sound the same as that of the long “ e ” in the English word “ there. ” This is accordant with present usage; and I have not found any learned Arab who asserts otherwise. See also نَابٌ, and حَجَّاجٌ, and مَشُوبٌ.

رجز

1 رَجِزَ, [aor. ـَ (S,) inf. n. رَجَزٌ, (TA,) He (a camel) had the disease termed رَجَزٌ [expl. below]. (S.) A2: رَجَزَ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (Msb, TA,) inf. n. رَجْزٌ, (TA,) He said, spoke, uttered, or recited, poetry, or verse, of the metre termed رَجَزٌ; [see this word below;] he spoke in verse of that metre; he poetized, or versified, in that metre; as also ↓ ارتجز; (S, * Msb, K, * TA;) and in like manner ↓ ارجز, he composed verses of that metre. (Ibn-Buzurj, L in art. قصد.) You say also, رَجَزَبِهِ He recited to him (أَنْشَدَهُ [so in more than one MS. copy of the K, and in the TA, but in the CK أَنْشَدَ, without the affixed pronoun, which is probably wrong,]) a poem of that metre; as also ↓ رجّزهُ, (K, TA,) inf. n. تَرْجِيزٌ. (TA.) And ↓ ترجّز He urged, or excited, his camels by singing رَجَز, or his رَجَز: so accord. to different copies of the K. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] رَجَزَتِ الرِّيحُ, inf. n. رَجْزٌ, (assumed tropical:) The wind was continuous, or lasting. (TA.) And الرَّعْدُ ↓ ارتجز (tropical:) The thunder made uninterrupted sounds, like the recitation of the رَاجِز: (A, TA:) or, as also ↓ ترجّز, made a sound: (K:) or made consecutive sounds. (TA.) and بَآذِيِّهِ ↓ البَحْرُ يَرْتَجِزُ (tropical:) [The sea makes a continuous sound, or murmuring, with its waves]; as also ↓ يَتَرَجَّزُ. (A, TA.) [And hence, perhaps,] ↓ ترجّز السَّحَابُ (tropical:) The clouds moved slowly by reason of the abundance of their water. (K, TA.) [See also 6.]2 رجّزهُ: see 1.3 راجز صَاحِبَهُ [He recited verses, or poetry, of the metre termed رَجَز with his companion: or vied with him in doing so: see 6]. (A.) 4 أَرْجَزَ see 1.5 تَرَجَّزَ see 1, in four places.6 تراجزوا i. q. تَنَازَعُوا الرَّجَزَ بَيْنَهُمْ, (A, K,) and تَعَاطَوْهُ, (TA,) i. e. They recited verses, or poetry, of the metre termed رَجَز, one with another: (TK:) [or vied, one with another, in doing so.] b2: [Hence,] تراجز السَّحَابُ (tropical:) [The clouds combined, one with another, in uninterrupted thundering]. (A.) [See also 1.]8 إِرْتَجَزَ see 1, in three places.

رُجْزٌ: see the next paragraph, in four places.

رِجْزٌ properly signifies Commotion, agitation, or convulsion; and consecutiveness of motions. (TA.) b2: Hence, (TA,) Punishment (Aboo-Is-hák, S, Mgh, Msb, K) [like رِجْسٌ] that agitates by its vehemence, and occasions vehement consecutive commotions; (Aboo-Is-hák, Mgh, * TA;) as also ↓ رُجْزٌ: (K:) so in the Kur vii. 131; (Aboo-Is-hák;) and in ii. 56, and vii. 162, and xxix. 33. (S.) b3: Conduct that leads to punishment: so, accord. to some, in the Kur lxxiv. 5; (TA;) where some read الرِّجْزَ and others ↓ الرُّجْزَ: (S, TA:) ↓ the latter is also expl. as signifying sin: (TA:) and both, uncleanness; or filth: (S, K:) so in that instance: like رِجْسٌ: (S:) and polytheism; or the associating of another, or others, with the true God: (K, TA:) so, accord to some, in that instance: because he who worships what is not God is in doubt respecting his case, and unsettled in his belief: (TA:) and the worship of idols: (K:) so, accord. to some, in the same instance: (TA:) or the meaning there is and idol: (Mujáhid, S:) or ↓ the latter word signifies a certain idol; being the name thereof: (Katádeh, TA:) and the devil: and his suggestions. (TA.) b4: Also Plague, or pestilence; syn. طَاعُونٌ. (Mgh.) رَجَزٌ A certain disease which attacks camels, in the rump; (S, K;) so that when a she-camel rises, or is roused, her thighs tremble for a while, and then stretch out: (S:) or it is when there is a convulsive motion in the hind leg or the thighs of a camel, when he desires to stand up, or rises, or is roused, for a while, and then a stretching out of the same. (TA.) A2: Hence, (S,) الرَّجَزُ is the name of A certain species [or kind] of verse or poetry; (S, A, K;) a species [or kind] of the metres of verse; (Msb;) consisting of the measure مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ [primarily] six times: (K:) a metre easy to the ear and impressive to the mind; wherefore it may be reduced to a single hemistich, and also to two feet instead of six: (TA:) so called because it commences with a motion and a quiescence, [i. e., a movent and a quiescent letter,] followed by a motion and a quiescence; and so in the other feet; resembling the رَجَز in a she-camel, which consists in her quivering and then being quiet: (TA:) or because of the contractedness of its feet, and the fewness of its letters: (S, K:) or because it is [characterized by] صُدُور without أَعْجَاز [lit. breasts without rumps; for, as the two hemistichs generally rhyme with each other, the verse seems as though it had no عَجُز; i. e., as though its last foot should rather be called عَرُوضٌ, like the last of the first hemistich, than عَجُزٌ:] (TA:) Akh once said, رَجَزٌ, with the Arabs, is whatever consists of three feet; and it is that [kind of verse] which they sing in their work, and in driving their camels: [see بِذْلَةٌ, last sentence:] ISd says that certain of those in whom he placed confidence related this on the authority of Kh. (TA.) Some say that it is not verse, or poetry, but a kind of rhyming prose; but Kh held it to be true verse, or poetry: so in the M: but in the T it is said [as in the K] that Kh asserted it to be not poetry, but halves or thirds of verses: one of his reasons for this assertion [the only one that seems to have had much weight with the Muslims] is, that Mo-hammad once said, أَنَا ابْنُ عَبْدِ المُطَّلِبْ أَنَا النَّبِىُّ لَا كَذِبْ [which is an instance of a species of رَجَز, meaning, “I am the Prophet: it is no lie: I am the son of 'Abd-el-Muttalib ”]: and were this verse, he would not have said it, as is shown by what is said in the Kur., xxxvi. 69: but on this point, Akh has contended against him. (TA.) رِجَازَةٌ A certain vehicle for women, (S, * TA,) a thing smaller than the هَوْدَج: (S, K, TA:) pl. رَجَائِزُ: (TA:) or a [garment of the kind called]

كِسَآء, (S, K, TA,) in which is a stone, (K, TA, [in the CK a while stone,]) or in which are put stones, (S,) and which is suspended to one of the two sides of the هودج, to balance it, when it inclines: (S, TA:) so called because of its commotion: (TA:) or a thing consisting of a pillow and skins, or hides, put in one of its two sides for that purpose, and called رِجَازَةُ المَيْلِ: (T, TA:) or hair, (K,) or red hair, (TA,) or wool, suspended to the هورج, (K, TA,) for ornament: pl. رَجَائِزُ, said to occur in a verse of EshShemmákh: but accord. to As, this is a mistake for جَزَائِزُ [pl. of جَزِيزَةٌ, q. v.]. (TA.) رَجَّازٌ and رَجَّازَةٌ: see رَاجِزٌ; the latter, in two places.

رَاجِزٌ One who utters, or recites, poetry, or verse, of the metre termed رَجَزٌ; who speaks in verse of that metre; who poetizes, or versifies, in that metre: and in like manner, ↓ مُرْتَجِزٌ, and ↓ رَجَّازٌ [which signifies one who does so much], and ↓ رَجَّازَةٌ [one who does so very much]. (TA.) El-'Ajjáj has been placed the highest in rank as a راجز. (Mz, 49th نوع.) [His son, Ru-beh, seems to occupy nearly an equal place. Each of them composed a complete deewán of رَجَز.] b2: [Hence,] ↓ سَحَابَةٌ رَجَّازَةٌ (tropical:) [A cloud thundering much, or uninterruptedly]. (A, TA.) And ↓ غَيْثٌ مُرْتَجِزٌ, and ↓ مُتَرَجِّزٌ, (tropical:) Rain accompanied by thunder. (TA.) أَرْجَزُ A camel having the disease termed رَجَزٌ: fem. رَجْزَآءُ: (S, K:) the latter is explained as signifying weak in the rump, that does not move from her place unless after twice or thrice rising from the place where she lay: and that does not rise, when she desires to do so, unless after vehement trembling. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] إِنَّهَا لَرَجْزَآءُ, said of the wind (الرِّيح), (assumed tropical:) Verily it is continuous, or lasting. (TA.) And رَجْزَآءُ القِيَامِ (tropical:) A great, heavy cooking-pot. (TA.) أُرْجُوزَةٌ A poem of the metre termed رَجَزٌ: (Msb, K:) pl. أَرَاجِيزُ. (A, K.) مُرْتَجِزٌ: see رَاجِزٌ; the former, in two places.

مُتَرَجِّزٌ: see رَاجِزٌ; the former, in two places.

هو

ى1 هَوَى بِهِ He made it to fall down: see an ex. in a verse of Ru-beh, cited voce رِياَغٌ, in art. ريغ. b2: See 4. b3: هَوَتْ أُذُنُهُ His ears heard a confused, or humming, or singing, sound. (K.) b4: هَوَتْ أُمُّهُ is used to express wonder; like as when one says, قَاتَلَهُ اللّٰهُ مَا أَسْمَعَهُ. (IB, in TA, art. ام.) 4 أَهْوَى إِلَى الشَّىْءِ بِيَدِهِ He extended, or stretched forth, his arm, or hand, to the thing to take it; it being near: if it be distant, you say, إِلَيْهِ ↓ هَوَى, without ا. (Msb.) And أَهْوَى إِلى

سَيْفِهِ He reached his sword; took it with his hand, or with his extended hand; or took hold of it. (Msb.) And أَهْوَيْتُ بِالشَّىْءِ [in my copy of the Msb, erroneously, إِلَى الشَّىْءِ] I made a sign with the thing. (As, S.) 5 تَهَوَّهَ

: see آهَةٌ, in art. اوه.7 اِنْهَوَى

: see اِنْغَوَى, in art. غو.

هَاهْ and هَاهُ: see آهِ, in art. اوه.

الهَوَى

Love, and attachment: then, inclination of the soul, or mind, to a thing: then, blameable inclination; as when one says, اِتَّبَعَ هَوَاهُ [He followed his evil inclination]; and هُوَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الأَهْوَآءِ [see below]. (Msb.) See also حُبٌّ. b2: هَوًى Also signifies Beloved [or an object of love]. (K, Ham, p. 546.) [Being originally an inf. n., it may be used alike as sing. and pl. See an ex. in a verse cited in the first paragraph of art. زين: and see an ex. voce شَكْلٌ. b3: الهَوَى

The inclination of the soul to that in which the animal appetites take delight, without any lawful invitation thereto; (KT;) [natural desire:] love, and desire; generally, such as is not praiseworthy: (Mgh:) I render it, love, or desirous love. b4: [Its pl.] أَهْوَآءٌ also signifies Opinions declining, or swerving, from the right way, or from the truth. (Bd, ii. 114.) [Hence,] أَهْلُ الأَهْوَآءِ [The people of erroneous opinions]. (T, in art. سمع; &c.) هُوَّةٌ A deep hollow in the ground: (S, JK, M, Msb, K:) or a hollow, or cavity, in the ground; a pit: (Msb:) or a descent in the ground: (K:) or a deep hollow, cavity, or pit; as also ↓ مَهْوَاةٌ: or a low, or depressed, place in the ground. (TA.) b2: إِجْعَلِ الأَمْرَ هُوَّةً وَاحِدَةٌ Make thou the affair, or case, [uniform, or] one uniform thing. (Fr in TA, in art. بأج.) هَوَآءٌ A vacancy; a vacuity; a vacant, or an empty, space. (Mgh.) b2: A vacant, or an empty, thing. (Msb.) هَوِىٌّ and هُوِىٌّ: see 4, (last sentence), in art. سلم.

هَاوَنٌ

, said to be thus, with fet-h to the و, originally هَاوُونٌ, [A mortar;] the thing in which one pounds, or bruises: pl. هَوَاوِينُ. (Msb.) هَاوِيَةٌ An abyss; a depth, or deep place, of which the bottom cannot be reached. (JK, TA.) مَهْوَى الرَّكِيَّةِ [The cavity of the well]. (K, voce إِزَآءٌ.) b2: See مَهْوَاةٌ.

مَهْوَاةٌ

: see هُوَّةٌ. b2: The space between two mountains; (S, Msb;) and the like; as also ↓ مَهْوًى: (S:) a pit, or hollow, dug, or excavated. (Msb.) مُهَيَّأٌ i. q.

زَُمَاوَرْدٌ. (MF, art. ورد.)

شدو

1 شَدَا, (Msb, K,) first Pers\. شَدَوْتُ, (S,) aor. ـُ (Msb,) inf. n. شَدْوٌ, (S, Msb,) He drove camels: (S, K:) or he collected and drove a detached number of a herd of camels. (Msb.) b2: Hence, (Msb,) شَدَا, (Msb, K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) He acquired somewhat of polite literature, (S, Msb, K, TA,) or of science, and guided himself thereby to the knowledge of somewhat more, (Msb,) and likewise of song; (TA;) as though he drove it and collected it: (S, TA:) or شَدَا مِنَ العِلْمِ, and مِنَ الغِنَآءِ, (MA, TA,) شَيْئًا, (TA,) inf. n. as above, (MA, TA,) he acquired somewhat of science, and of song: (MA:) or he knew well some sort of science, and of song; and so of other things. (TA.) شَدْوٌ signifies (assumed tropical:) A man's doing well, or knowing well, somewhat of a thing or an affair. (TA.) And شَدَوْتُ مِنْهُ بَعْضَ المَعْرِفَةِ means I knew [somewhat of] him, or it, [but] not well. (TA.) b3: Also (assumed tropical:) He recited a verse, or two verses, (S, K,) singing, (K,) or prolonging, or straining, his voice, as in singing [and as is commonly done in the driving of camels; whence, app., this meaning of the verb]. (S.) And شَدَا شِعْرًا, (S, K,) or غِنَآءً, (S,) (assumed tropical:) He sang poetry, (S, K,) or a song: (S:) or he recited it with a trilling, or quavering, or prolonging and modulating of the voice. (S.) b4: And شَدَا شَدْوَهُ i. q. نَحَا نَحْوَهُ (assumed tropical:) [He tended, repaired, betook himself, or directed his course, towards him, or it; agreeably with the explanation in the TK: or he purposed his (another's) purpose]. (K.) b5: and شَدَا فُلَانًا فُلَانًا (assumed tropical:) He assimilated such a one to such a one; or he likened such a one to such a one; syn. شَبَّهَهُ إِيَّاهُ. (ISd, K, TA. [In the CK, فُلَانًا is not repeated.]) 4 اشدى (assumed tropical:) He became a good, or an excellent, modulator of his voice, or maker of melody. (K.) شَدًا A remnant of strength; and a portion, or somewhat, thereof: (K:) a dial. var. of شَذًا. (TA. [See شَذَاةٌ, in art. شذو.]) A remnant, or remainder, of anything. (TA.) A small quantity or number: (TA:) and so ↓ شَدْوٌ, (M, K,) whatever it be, (M, TA,) of much or many, (M, K,) whatever the latter be. (K.) And The extremity of anything: (K:) a dial. var. of شَذًا. (TA.) A2: Also Heat. (K.) A3: And Mange, or scab: (K: [in the CK, الحَرْبُ is put for الجَرَبُ:]) a dial. var. of شَذًا. (TA.) شَدْوٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

شَادٍ act. part. n. of 1; signifying Driving, or a driver of, camels: &c.: (K, * TA:) pl. شُدَاةٌ. (TA.) b2: [And particularly] (assumed tropical:) One who acquires somewhat of polite literature, (S, Msb,) and of science, and guides himself thereby to the knowledge of somewhat more. (Msb.) b3: Also (assumed tropical:) A reciter of verses, who sings in reciting, or prolongs, or strains, his voice, as in singing: a singer of poetry: (TA:) [and simply] a singer. (S.)

كف: كِف: تصحيف كَيفَ؛ كِفْلا: لِمَ لا؟ (فوك).
كف: كفّ، غَبَن. خطم. أفعم (بوشر والمنهل في مادة Ouriet) .
كفّ: وضع كفافاً، حاشية أو هدباً، من الحرير للرداء .. الخ (رايسك: مجمع الأنهر 2، 258): روي أن النبيّ لبس جبّة مكفوفة بالحرير.
كف: كف عن البقاء أو عن الوجود (لطائف الثعالبي 107، 5).
تكفف: كفف الجبة بالحرير .. الخ (ديوان الهذليين 279) تكففة بالديباج؛ أبو عمر مكفَّفٌ يكفَّفُ كُمُّه يُجعلَ عليه الديباج والحرير وفي محيط المحيط أيضاً ثوب مكفف.
كفّ: ضرب باليد (فوك).
كفّ: صفع (ألكالا).
كف: كل ما تقرأ في معجم المارودي حول هذه المادة مشكوك فيه وزيادة ومرفوض تماماً وقد ورد ضمن نصوص معيبة وغير واضحة.
تكفّ: تمالك نفسه، توقف عن القتال، (معجم بدرون، الكامل 610، 12) تكافّوا عن الأمر = امتنعوا (محيط المحيط).
انكفّ: انظر هذه الكلمة في (معجم فوك) في مادة suere.
اكتف عن: كبح نفسه. (انظر معجم البيان).
كفّ (لسان العرب).
كفّ: مؤنثة دائماً؛ (محيط المحيط).
على كف الرحمن: تحت رحمة العناية الإلهية (بوشر).
كف: قبضة اليد (في مصر) (بركهارت 3، وفي الــجزائر أيضاً -هيلو-).
كفّ: ملء اليد، قبضة اليد (بركهارت أمثال رقم 33).
كف: مقدار عشر حبات (ابن العوام 2:1، 12:1 و13).
كف والجمع أكف: ميزان في اصفهان وخوزستان توزن به المواد الجامدة (معجم الجغرافيا).
كف ورق .. والجمع كفوف: قبضة ورق (بوشر همبرت 112).
كف اليد: راحة اليد (همبرت 4). باطن اليد (بوشر): وهذا يعني كف حين ترد وحدها والجمع كفوف (ألكالا): Palma de la mano Fuente de la palma de la mano كف: رجل الحمامة (الأبار 242، 2).
كفوف: صفعات، لطمات، وباللاتينية alapa ( بوشر، همبرت 242، هيلو، معجم هابيشت المجلد الأول، الجريدة الآسيوية 13، 37: بَدَرَه بكفّ عظيم؛ ضربه كفاً: صفعه؛ شمط كف قلم: صفعه واحدة (بوشر).
كف والجمع كفوف: قفّازات (بوشر، ألف ليلة 1، 31).
كفوف حديد: قُفازات زرد. كف جلد؛ بضاعة كفوف: صناعة أو مصنع أو متجر القفافيز؛ بياع كفوف: قفافيزي (صانع أو تاجر القفافيز) (بوشر).
كف الميزان: صينية: أو طبق الميزان، القعر الخشبي للميزان الكبير (بوشر).
كف شُريك: انظر ما يأتي: كف آدم: انظر ابن البيطار (الجزء الرابع ص74).
كف الأسد: Cyclamen Europaeum انظر ابن البيطار. كف أجذم والكف الجذماء: Agnuscastus، vitex انظر ما ذكره ابن البيطار في الجزء الرابع ص74، والمستعيني في مادة سنبل رومي، حيث لحظ المؤلف إن كف المجاذم هي الناردين السلتي على الحقيقة.
كف جرانة: حوذان، صنّير (باجني MS، براكس في جريدة الشرق 8؛ 280: Renoncule) .
كف الدابة: هُتونيّة منقعيّة، أخيلة ذات ألف ورقة (سانك).
كف الذئب: جنطيانا (ابن البيطار الجزء الأول ص170).
كف السبع: حوذان صنّير Renoncule ( ابن البيطار الجزء الرابع ص170).
(ومعجم المنصوري مادة: كبيكج).
كف الضبع: Renoncule ( ابن البيطار، الجزء الرابع ص170).
كف العروس: نبات الحلتيت، قنة. (بوشر).
كف عائشة = كم (كذا) مريم Digiti citrini ابن البيطار).
كف عائشة: Daucus creticus ( معجم المنصوري انظر: دومّو: ويسمى عندنا كف عائشة).
كف الكلب: انظر ابن البيطار (الجزء الرابع ص74).
كف مريم: تشير إلى أسماء النباتات مختلفة: 1 - Rose de jericho: ورد أريحا، كف مريم. (فورسكال).
2 - Anastatica hierichuntica ( فورسكال ص LXIX) ؛ طبقاً لرأي (كوبان ص333) فقد أطلق عليها هذا الاسم (أي كف مريم) لأنهم قالوا (إن السيدة العذراء صافحت إحداها بيدها فبقيت مضمومات على النحو الذي نراها منه الآن) (انظر هامش 244).
3 - Digiti citrini ( انظر هامش 240).
4 - Vitex, Agnus -castus ( انظر هامش 234). (فورسكال ص LXVIII) ، ( ابن البيطار الجزء الثاني، ص384 الترجمة الألمانية لسونثير).
5 - في غرب أسبانيا يطلق عليها اسم Pentaphyllum ( ابن البيطار الجزء الثاني، ص384).
كف مريم الحجازية: (انظر ابن البيطار 1:1). (انظر الهوامش 242، 243).
كف النسر: هتونية. أخاية ذات ألف ورقة (انظر في ما تقدَّم كف الدابة) (سانك).
Asplenium ceterarh: ( ابن البيطار2، 31).
كف الهر: انظر ابن البيطار (الجزء الرابع ص73).
ذو الكف وذو الكفين: من أسماء السيوف (محيط المحيط).
كفة: قبضة يد، ربطة، حزمة، كفّات سنبل باين سميث 1792).
كفّة: ربطة ورق (مملوك 2، 2، 239 مونج 35).
كفّة: (في ألف ليلة وليلة، برسل، 143:4): وقدم صحن إوز مشوياً وكفة كماجة؛ وقد وردت في معجم فليشر كِفّة (بكسر الكاف) مرادفة لكلمة Discus rotundus؛ إلا أن (لين) ترجمها قرص حلوى؛ لذلك نجد كَفّة كماجة هي إذن كف شُريك (انظر كف شريك).
كفّة وجمعها كِفّات وكِفاف: آلة حربية لرمي الصخور على العدو، منجنيق، (مونج 368، ابن صاحب الصلاة 26): رمى أسراه في كفّة المنجنيق.
كفّية: انظر كوفية.
كفاف: خبز الكفاف، خبزنا كفاف يزمنا، (بوشر، معجم مسلم).
كفاف، كفافاً لا تعني: تماماً، كلياً وإنما تعني: دون ربح أو خسارة. ففي معجم مسلم والمقري 1، 262، 15: لكن تخرج كفافاً لا عقاباً ولا ثواباً.
كفيف: أعمى (فوك، مهرن 34).
كفافي: يومي (بوشر).
اكفاف: نقشف، زهد في، أمسك عن، تعفف (بوشر).
تكفيف: وجمعها تكفيفات: افريز، طنف، سقيفة مائلة (الكالا): ala de tejado ( معجم جبير).

كف

1 كَفَّ التَّوْبَ He sewed the edge, or border, of the garment, or piece of cloth, the second time, (S, K,) after the [slight] sewing termed المَلُّ, (S,) or الشَّلُّ. (K.) b2: [He felled (a seam or garment).] b3: كَفَّ عَنْهُ, aor. كَفُّ

, He refrained, or forbore, from it, as forbidden; abstained, or desisted, from it; left, relinquished, or forsook it: (Msb:) [as also ↓ انكفّ]. b4: كَفَّ عَنْهُ He refrained, desisted, forbore, abstained, or held, from it. (K, &c.) b5: كَفَّهُ عَنْهُ He made him to refrain, forbear, or abstain, from it; averted him, turned him away or back, from it; (K;) prevented, hindered, held, withheld, or restrained, him from it. (Mgh, Msb, TA.) b6: [كَفَّ بَيْنَهُمَا He interposed as a restrainer between them two: a phrase of frequent occurrence]. b7: كَفَّ مِنَ الشَّعَرِ (M, K, art. قصر) He shortened the hair. (M, ibid.) 3 كَافُّوا عَدُوَّهُمْ i. q.

حَاجَزُوهُمْ, which see. b2: مُكَافَّةٌ signifies i. q. مُحَاجَزَةٌ, because it is a preventing, or an abstaining, from fighting. (Mgh.) 7 إِنْكَفَ3َ see 1.

كَفٌّ [generally The hand: sometimes, app., the palm only:] accord. to Az, the palm with the fingers. (Msb.) b2: [Hence, A cake of the length and thickness of the hand: thus in the present day. See عُجَّالٌ.] b3: كَفٌّ A handful; what one takes with the hand, or grasps; syn. قُبْضَةٌ. (S, art. قبض.) b4: [ضَرَبَهُ كَفًّا He struck him a slap with the hand.] b5: [كَفٌّ often signifies The paw of a beast.] b6: الكَفُّ الجَذْمَآءُ The star α of Cetus. b7: الكَفُّ الخَضِيبُ The

β of Cassiopeia.

كَفَّةٌ

: see كِفَّةٌ.

كُفَّةٌ The selvage, i. e. border, or side, of a garment or piece of cloth, (S, Msb,) that has no هُدْب [or end of unwoven threads]: (S, voce طُرَّةٌ:) or what surrounds the skirt of a shirt: or whatever is oblong; as the حَاشِيَة of a garment or piece of cloth, and of sand: and the edge of a thing. (K.) كِفَّةٌ The bezel, or collet, i. e. the part in which the stone is set, of a signet-ring. (TA in art. ركب.) See كُرْسِىٌّ. b2: See also طَرْقٌ. b3: كِفَّةٌ A scale of a balance: (MA:) vulg. ↓ كَفَّةٌ. (K.) كَفَافٌ The like of a thing. (S, K.) b2: Food, or sustenance, that renders one independent of others: (S, K:) or sufficient for one's want, not exceeding nor falling short. (Msb.) كِفَافٌ The circuit, rim, or surrounding edge, of a thing. (S, K.) كِفَافَةٌ [app. a subst., not an inf. n.,] The act, or art, of sewing in the manner termed كَفٌّ; (TA;) contr. of شِلَاشَةٌ. (TA in art. شل.) نَاقَةٌ كَافَّةٌ An old and weak she-camel. (AO, TA in art. سدم.) b2: [مَا كَافَّةٌ The restrictive مَا, which is annexed to أَنَّ إِنَّ, &c.: so called because it restrains the particle to which it is adjoined from exercising any government.] b3: كَافَّةً

Wholly. (Bd and Jel in ii. 204.) حَرْفُ مُكَافَأَةٍ

A particle denoting compensation, or the complement of a condition; like حَرْفُ جَزَآءٍ.

قن: قنن: جعد، فلفل. (فوك).
تفنن: مطاوع قنن، تجعد، تفلفل. (فوك).
اقتان: بمعنى انتصب التي ذكرها فريتاج في معجمه يجب أن تبدل بكلمة اقتان (انظر ديوان الهذليين ص63).
قن= قنة: قلة الجبل وأعلاه ورأسه. ففي حيان (ص42 ق): وانزلوا ردودهم بخلفهم على قف خيل (قن جبل).
قنك مأوى الدجاج والطيور. (بوشر، همبرت ص180، محيط المحيط، زيشر 17: 391، ألف ليلة برسل: 3: 332) وانظر: خن.
قنة: انظر قنا في مادة قنو.
قنة (=قلة): رأس (معجم مسلم، عبد الواحد ص233).
قنة: فذال، قفا، مؤخر الرأس أو الجمجمة (شيرب).
قنة: القسم الخارجي من فرج المرأة وإناث الحيوانات. (شيرب).
قنين (بالأسبانية diente Canino) : ناب، وهو السن بجانب الرباعية. (فوك).
قنين: أرنب. وهي من اللفظة الفالنسية conill ( هلو، مارتن ص104، حونيون ص417، دوماس حياة العرب 430 وفيه كونينا) وفي معجم بوشر ومعجم همبرت (ص64): اقنين.
قنانية: قنينة، زجاجة. (ألف ليلة 2: 4، 10، 11، 3: 654).
قنينية =قنيتة (دفيك ص100) نقلا من عبارة الكيمياء لجابر، هذا إذا كانت كتابة الكلمة صحيحة، إذ أنها في مواضع أخرى من هذه المخطوطة قنينة.
قنينة: إناء معمول من جذع النخلة يستعمل لغرف الماء وشكله نصف كرة. (براكس مجلة الشرق والــجزائر 5: 215).
قنينة: قدح يتخذ من الحلفاء المنسوجة نسجا دقيقا محكما. وابن الصحراء يحمل معه دائما هذا القدح في أسفاره فهو الطاس الذي يشرب به الماء. والصفحة أو الطبق لتحضير طعامه (الرونية) والمحلب لحلب النعاج أو النوق حين يلتقي بقطيع منها. (كولومب ص18).
قانون: تشريعات وأنظمة ومراسيم خاصة بالقبائل. (دوماس قبيل ص77). وفي تاريخ تونس ورتب عثمان داي قوانين الرعايا في دفتر سموه بالميزان.
قانون: قانون العقوبات، تشريع خاص بالعقوبات. (وينجفيلد ص1: 56).
قانون نامه: مجموعة القوانين، مدونة (بوشر).
قانون: ضربية مقيدة في السجل. (انظر تعليقة هماكر التي نقلها فريتاج).
قانون الخراج: سجل الجزية (تاريخ البربر 1: 164).
قانون: رسم يدفعه الخمار صاحب الحانة إلى الوالي ليأذن له بمزاولة مهنته. ففي ألف ليلة (3: 440): فجعل الوالي عليّ قانونا. وفي طبعة برسل: فجعل الوالي عليّ حماية. قانون: ضريبة على شجر الزيتون، وهو تشريع جديد. (بلسبيه ص322).
قانون: عقاب إضافي يعطى لتلميذ على سبيل القصاص. (بوشر).
قانون: عقوبة يفرضها الأسقف للتكفير عن ذنب (بوشر).
قانون: اعتدال، يقال مثلا: استعمل الشيء بقانون.
وبقانون: باعتدال، بلا إفراط. (بوشر).
قانون: آلة موسيقية. انظر عنها (لين عادات 2: 78، سلفادورس ص37).
قانون: نوع من البيانو صغير. سنطور، آلة موسيقية وترية. (شيرب).
قانون: قيثار، عود مزهر. (همبرت ص98).
قانون: نوع من الاشربة الحلوة. (المجلة الآسيوية 1861، 1: 16). غير أني لا أدري إذا ما كان بيرناور قد ترجم هذه العبارة ترجمة صحيحة.
قانوني: رسمي، نظامي، تنظيمي (بوشر).
قانوني: كنسي، شرعي، موافق لأنظمة الكنيسة. (فوك، بوشر).
راهب قانوني: راهب كنسي. (بوشر).
قانونية: شرعية، موافقة أنظمة الكنيسة. (بوشر).
اقنين: انظر قنين.
مقنن: مبتوت، مقضي، محتوم، محكوم به، مجزوم. (الفخري ص180).
مقنون: شرعي، كنسي، موافق لأنظمة الكنيسة. (فوك).
مقنين: انظرها في حرف الميم.
قونن: أنظر الفعل فيما يلي.

قش: قش: نشل، سلب، نهب، وقام بغارة (بوشر).
قش: كنس بالمقشة وهي المكنسة (بوشر، همبرت ص197، محيط المحيط) وهي من كلام العامة.
قش: لقط، التقط (السنبل بعد الحصاد). (بوشر).
قش: قشط الرغوة. (بوشر، محيط المحيط).
قش الثوب الرطب وغيره: اخذ في الجفاف قليلا. (محيط المحيط) وهو من كلام العامة.
قسس: كنس (الكالا).
قشش الأرض: أزال ما بها من الشوك ونحوه، وهذا من كلام أهل الزراعة، (محيط المحيط).
قشش: سطا على بيت ونهب ما فيه. (شيرب).
قش: صحح ما جاء في معجم فريتاج وهو أن معناها حزمة صغيرة. فكلمة قش وواحدتها قشة إنما تعني في مصر وبلاد الشام قذاة من العشب اليابس أو من الشوك. يقال قش تبن أي تبن الحنطة.
وقش قصب: حطام قصب وكسره، وسوق النبات بما فيها الورق (فليشر معجم ص37).
وفي محيط المحيط: والعامة تستعمله لما صغر ودق من يبيس النبات والواحدة عندهم قشة. وانظر باين سميث (1170).
وفي معجم بوشر: قش والجمع قشوش: تبن، موص، ساق سنبلة مجوفة، أنبوب من القصب.
لم القش: لقط السنبل بعد الحاد (بوشر).
قشة: ترهة، وقذاة (بوشر).
قشة: اختلال في المعان، وبقعة في الماس واللؤلؤ. وفيه قشي (للمعدن) (بوشر).
ويقال مجازا رجل من قش: من لا خير فيه ولا قيمة فيه. رجل فاقد الشخصية، ومن أعطى اسمه لا غير في شوكة (بوشر).
نار قش: نارتبن، عاطفة سريعة الزوال.
قش في بلاد الشام: سيقان الحبوب كالحنطة والشعير والذرة والأرز، ويراد بها ما لم يحصد منها، وهي ضد تبن. (فليشر 1: 1).
قش البحر: طحلب: اشنة (بوشر).
قش الحصر: أسل (بوشر).
قش مزهر: اسل مزهر (بوشر).
قش القمح: حشفة القمح، أصل القمح يبقى بعد الحصاد (بوشر).
قش: أثر، تأثير. (فوك).
قش الدار: أثاث، وآنية المائدة (شيرب) وفيه قش.
قش: أمتعة (بوشر بربرية) وأثاث الدار (هلو). والجمع قشاش: ذكر في رياض النفوس (ص99 ن): قال سأعود إلى بيتي وآخذ ما كان لي، وبعد هذا: مر به الغدامسي وهو يضم قشاشه.
وأعتقد أني عثرت على هذا الجمع عند ويرن (ص 73) قال وهو يصف حجرة في خيمة أن القسم الخلفي المفصول مفروش ببساط ومزين بدروع ومناضد مرصعة بالصدف، وهذه تسمى كشاكش. وربما جاز أن نصل بكلمة قشاش هذه كلمة بوكشاش التي يذكرها شو (1: 268) ونعني نوعا من العظايا التي تدخل البيوت دائما، فيكون المعنى إنها من متاع البيت.
وأعتقد أني وجدت الجمع قشش في ألف ليلة (برسل 11: 57): أن رجلا ألقي القبض عليه بتهمه إنه لص، فقال هذا وذاك: ياما قشش بيوت.
قش الغازية: الغنيمة. (رولاند).
قش: كلابري. (بركهارت نوبيه ص326).
قش: والجمع قشوش: عش عند العامة. (محيط المحيط).
والقش، عند العامة: البيت الصغير تشبيها له بالعش. (محيط المحيط). قش: انظر قش.
قشة: لسان المزمار الآلة الموسيقية (صفة مصر 12: 399). انظرها في مادة قش.
قشة: رأس وأرجل ورقبة وأجنحة الطيور المذبوحة (بوشر).
قشة: جلد البهائم المذبوحة وشحومها وغير ذلك (بوشر).
قشة البهائم: سلب البهائم الذبيحة، أكارعها وبطنها. (بوشر).
قشاش= قش وهو القذاة من العشب اليابس والشوك. (فليشر معجم ص37).
قشوش: جلد الأرنب بأذنيه وقدميه يرمى طعما للباز والصقر حين يتأخر باللحاق بالبازدار. (دوماس مجلة الشرق والــجزائر السلسلة الجديدة 3: 239).
قشيش= قش وهو القذاة من العشب اليابس والشوك. (فليشر معجم ص37).
قشاشة: مرغاة، مطفحة، ما يخرج بها طفاحة الطبيخ من القدر. (بوشر).
قشاشي: زورق يستعمل لنقل التبن (مملوك 2، 1: 24).
قشاش: سقي، تاجر سقط المتاع، بائع الرثاث، (فوك، المقري 1: 142).
مقشة: مكنسة. (بوشر، همبرت عن 197، محيط المحيط، ألف ليلة 2: 231) وهي مصنوعة من خوض النخل. (صفة مصر 12: 442). وهي قصيرة مسطحة مصنوعة من اغلظ الخوص وقد نقع في الماء القسم العريض منه ثم طرق حتى تفرقت أليافه (لين في ترجمة ألف ليلة 2: 475 رقم 25).
مقشة: فرجون، فرشة، فرجة. (هلو).
مقششة: زجاجة كبيرة لها غشاء من عيدان دقاق تنسج عليها ويجعل غالبا بينهما قش وقاية للزجاجة من أذى صدمة تصيبها وهي من اصطلاح المولدين. (محيط المحيط).

حفظ: حَفِظَ: بمعنى صان وحرس. ويقال حفِظ عليه الشيء. ففي حيان (ص30 و): قال السلطان لحفيدة الذي هربت بغلته: لماذا لم يكن لنا خصياً يخدمك ويحفظ عليك مثل هذه الصورة من زوال دابَّتك.
وحفظ: حافظ على، راعي، تمَّم.
حفظ أيام الأعياد: راعى أيام الأعياد.
حفظ الناموس: راعى الآداب: راعى ما يليق ويناسب ويقال أيضا: حفظ الظاهر بمعنى رعى الآداب وراعى ما يليق ويناسب. غير أن التعبير الأول يعني أيضاً: صان سمعته وحافظ عليها (بوشر).
وحفظ: درس (همبرت ص112) وحفظ: تعلم لغة (ابن جبير ص32).
وحفظ فلانا: احترمه وكرمه (معجم الادريسي) وفي رياض النفوس (ص84 ق) ونصحوه أن يطلق امرأته وكانت شرسة مشاكسة، فقال: حفظتها في والدها أي أني أراعي حرمتها وأكرمها إكراما لأبيها. ثم راح يعدد كل ما تفضَّل به أبوها عليه.
حفظ سرعة: كبحه (بوشر).
حفظ عهده أو حقه: كان وفيا له (بوشر).
وهذا مثل قولهم: حفظ له ذماماً (كوسج مختار ص73) حيث عليك أن تقرأ ذماما بدل زماما.
حفظ الغذاء: لزم الحمية احتمى (فوك).
حفظ قلبه: جرَّأه وشجعه (كليلة ودمنة ص259). حفظ لسانه: سكت، صمت أمسك لسانه.
وحفظ اللسان: تحفظ وأحراس في الكلام (بوشر).
حفَّظ (بالتشديد): مثل ما يقال: حفظ لسانه أي سكت وصمت يقال كذلك: كان مُحفِّظا للطرف لا ينظر إلى شيء (مختارات من تاريخ العرب ص36) ومعناه اللفظي: كان يمسك نظره، أي كان لا يبيح لنفسه النظر إلى ما لا يعنيه.
حافظ قلعة: ذبَّ عنها وحماها (بوشر).
وحافظ عليه: رعاه وذب عنه (بيان 1: 163).
تحفظ به: عني به (معجم بدرون) وتحفظ فلاناً: ترصده وراقبه ليهاجمه ويسرقه (معجم الماوردي).
انحفظ: ذكرت في معجم فوك في مادة ( Custodire) . حُفِظَ، صين (مركس محفوظات 1: 186، رقم 2).
احتفظ من: احترس من (فوك).
احتفظ الغذاء: لزم الحمية، احتمى (فوك).
واحتفظ على فلان: راعاه وتلطف به وداراه (عنتر ص53).
استحفظ: بالمعنى الذي ذكره لين.
ويتعدى إلى المفعول الثاني بعلي. ففي الفخري (ص153): إنه ما يحفظ الخليفة في قبره أن يستحفظ على الناس رجلاً صالحا.
واستحفظ عليه: ادخره (بوشر) حِفْظ: أمن، أمان (بوشلار).
آيات الحفظ: آيات من القرآن. تتخذ تعويذة. وتجدها مذكورة في كتاب لين عادات المصريين (1: 377).
حِفاظ: أهل الحفاظ: الحامية. ففي حيان (ص3 ق): أهل الحفاظ أعني جند حضرته قرطبة.
والجمع: أحفظة: أغلفة، ظروف (المقري 1: 403) ولم أعثر على مفرد هذه الكلمة وربما كان مفردها حِفاظ مثل مرادفتها أصْوِنة ومفردها صِوان.
وحِفاظ: لفيفة، حضينة (محيط المحيط).
وحفاظ: رباط يشد ليمنع هبوط الشيء (بوشر، محيط المحيط).
حُفَاظ وجمعها حفاظات: لفافات وهي لفافة من نسيج القطن أو الكتان أو من الجلد وغير ذلك يشدّ بها (بوشر). حَفِظ: ملاك حفيظ: ملك حافظ (ألكالا).
حَفَّاظ: حارس (رولاند).
حافِظ: حاكم، وال، عامل (كرتاس ص166، 192، تاريخ البربر 1: 454).
حَفَّاظ: صغار الطلبة وهم الطبقة الخامسة في طبقات الموحدين (الحلل ص44ق).
حافظ الأجساد ( Lencrium scordium) ( ابن البيطار 1: 233، 2: 102) وليس في مخطوطة (أب) الأبدان كما هي لدى سونثيمر، بل الأجساد.
حافظة: الحافظة: القوة الحافظة وهي ملكة الحفظ. الذاكرة (بوشر، المقدمة 1: 176، المقري 1: 476، 569).
حافظة: حقيبة أوراق (محيط المحيط).
مِحْفِظَة جمعها مَحافِظ: جراب، حقيبة، كيس (فوك).
ومحفظة: كيس نقود (معجم ابن جبير، المقري 3: 754) ومحفظة: علبة الجواهر، دُرج الحلي (بشحتختة) (ألف ليلة 3: 551). محفظة: أنبوب طويل رفيع من القصب أو الخشب للكحل. (براكس مجلة الشرق والــجزائر 6: 342).
محفظة: حقيبة أوراق، (بوشر، همبرت ص112، هلو).
مَحْفُوظ: نسبة محفوظة: تعني نسبة محكمة (مضبوطة) عند ابن طفيل (ص89).
وذهب محفوظ: ربما يعني انه مخلوط بنسبة معينة مضبوطة. ففي كتاب الخطيب (ص15 و): وصَرْفُهم وذهب إبريز طيب محفوظ.
والمحفوظ من الحديث: ما يصلح أن يحفظ وهو أحد حديثين منكرين يرجح أحدهما على الآخر (دي سلان مقدمة 2: 482).
مَحْفُوظِية: حافظة: ذاكرة، (بوشر).
مُحافِظ: والي المدينة (برتون 1: 19، 2: 10).
محافظون: حامية المدينة (بوشر).
مُحافَظة: حامية المدينة (هلو).
محافظة القوانين: امتثال القوانين (بوشر).
مُسْتَحْفَظ: آمر الحصن، والي (ابن الأثير 1: 49) = تاريخ أبي الفداء، 3: 222، أبو الفرج ص347)، فريتاج مختارات ص97 أبو الفرج ص400).

حفظ

1 حَفِظَهُ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. حِفْظُ, (S, Mgh, Msb,) He kept it, preserved it, guarded it, protected it, or took care of it; (S, K;) namely, a thing; (S;) he prevented it from perishing, or becoming lost; (Mgh, Msb;) namely, a thing, (Mgh,) or property &c.; (Msb;) and hence the saying, (Mgh,) حِفْظٌ is the contr. of نِسْيَانٌ; (M, Mgh;) i. e., it signifies the taking care, being careful; (M;) being mind ful, regardful, attentive, or considerate: (M, K:) [see also 5:] and بِهِ ↓ احتفظ signifies the same as حَفِظَهُ. (S, Msb.) [Hence,] you say, حَفِظَ المَالَ He kept and tended, or pastured and defended, the camels or the like. (K.) [And حَفِظَ حُرْمَةَ صَاحِبِهِ He was regardful of everything entitled to reverence, respect, honour, or defence, in the character and appertenances of his companion, or friend.] and حَفِظَ السِّرَّ He kept the secret. (TA.) [and حَفِظَ يَمِينَهُ He kept his oath: but this has also another meaning, as will be seen below.] and حَفِظَ القُرْآنَ He kept, or retained, the Kur-án in his mind, or memory; got it, knew it, or learned it, by heart. (S, * Msb, K.) [See also 5.] and حَفِظَ عِنْ فُلَانٍ [He learned by heart from such a one: and, followed by an accus. case, the same; or he retained in his memory, as learned, or heard, from such a one; or he remembered to have heard from such a one]. (TA &c. passim.) And one says of God, قَدْ حَفِظَ عَلَى خَلْقِهِ وَعِبَادِهِ مَا يَعْمَلُونَ مِنْ خَيْرٍ أَوْ شَرٍّ [He hath preserved from oblivion, for, or against, his creatures and his servants, what they do of good or evil]. (TA.) b2: Also He kept it from being used, or employed, on, or for, ordinary, mean, or vile, occasions, or purposes. (Mgh, Msb.) You say, فُلَانٌ يَحْفَظُ نَفْسَهُ وَلِسَانَهُ Such a one keeps himself and his tongue from ordinary, mean, or vile, employment, in that which does not concern him. (Mgh.) and hence the saying in the Kur [v. 91], وَاحْفَظُوا

أَيْمَانَكُمْ, accord. to one of the modes of interpreting it; i. e. And keep ye your oaths from being used, or uttered, on, or for, ordinary, mean, or vile, occasions, or purposes; agreeably with what is said in ii. 224 of the Kur, where ordinary and frequent swearing by God is forbidden. (Mgh.) [Another meaning of which this phrase is susceptible has been shown above.]2 حَفَّظْتُهُ الكِتَابَ I incited him, or urged him, [or made him,] to commit to memory, or learn by heart, the book: (S:) and [in like manner,] الحَدِيثَ ↓ أَحْفَظْتُهُ I made him to retain the narration, or tradition, in his mind, or memory; or to know it, or learn it, by heart. (TA in art. زكت.) 3 مُحَافَظَةٌ The defending of those persons, or things, that are sacred, or inviolable, or that one is bound to respect or honour, and to defend, (K, TA,) on the occasions of wars; (TA;) as also حِفَاظٌ. (K, TA.) You say, حافظ حَرِيمَهُ He defended his wife, or wives, or the like. (TK.) [And hence,] you say, إِنَّهُ لَذُو حِفَاظٍ, and ذُو مُحَافَظَةٍ, meaning Verily he is disdainful, or scornful. (S, TA.) b2: The being mindful, watchful, observant, or regardful: (S, and TA in art. رعى:) [see also 5:] or the keeping, attending, or applying oneself, constantly, perseveringly, or assiduously, (K, TA,) to a thing, or an affair. (TA.) You say, حافظ عَلَى الأَمْرِ, (TA,) or على الشَّىْءَ, inf. n. محافظة, (Msb,) He kept, attended, or applied himself, constantly, &c., to the thing, or affair. (TA.) And hence the saying in the Kur [ii. 239], حَافِظُوا عَلَى الصَّلَوَاتِ Perform ye the prayers in their proper times: or, accord. to Az, keep ye, attend ye, or apply yourselves, constantly, or perseveringly, to the performance of the prayers in their proper times. (TA.) b3: حِفَاظٌ, is also explained as signifying The being mindful, or observant, of a covenant, and the keeping, or fulfilling, of a promise, with forgiveness, and holding fast to love or affection. (TA.) 4 أَحْفَظَ see 2.

A2: احفظهُ, (S, K, TA,) and احفظهُ حِفْظَةً, inf. n. إِحْفَاظٌ, [He made him to conceive what is termed حِفْظَة, or حَفِيظَة;] he angered him; made him angry: (S, K, TA:) and in the same sense it is said of a speech, or word: (TA:) or only he angered him by evil, or foul, speech, (K, TA,) and making him to hear what he disliked, or hated. (TA.) 5 تحفّظ He guarded himself; syn. اِحْتَرَزَ (K, TA,) or تَحَرَّزَ, (Msb,) and تَحَرَّسَ, and اِحْتَرَسَ, (S and Msb and K in art. حرس,) مِنْهُ from him, or it, (S in art. حرس, &c.,) or عَنهُ. (TA.) He was, or became, careful, mindful, attentive, or considerate; (TA;) watchful, vigilant, or heedful; (S, O, L, TA;) in affairs, and speech, and to avoid a slip, or fault; as though he were cautious, or careful, or fearful, of falling. (L, TA.) [See also 1, and 3.]

A2: [In the last of the senses explained above, it is also trans.: you say, تحفَظ أَمْرَهُ He was careful, mindful, &c., of his affair, or case: see Bd in xxxiii. 52.] b2: تَحَفَّظْتُ الكِتَابَ I learned the book by heart, one part, or thing, after another. (S, TA.) [See also حَفِظَ القُرْآنَ, in the first paragraph.]8 احتفظ بِهِ: see 1. b2: احتفظهُ لِنَفْسِهِ, (K,) and احتفظ بِهِ لنفسه, (TA,) He appropriated it, took it, or chose it, to, or for, himself. (K, TA.) A2: احتفظ [He conceived, or became affected with, what is termed حِفْظَة, or حَفِيظَة;] he became angered, or angry: (S, K:) or he became angered by evil, or foul, speech. (K.) 10 استحفظهُ, (S, Kz, Sgh, Msb, K,) followed by إِيَّاهُ, (K,) or الشَّىْءَ, (Kz, Msb,) or مَالًا, or سِرًّا, (Sgh,) [but in the S, nothing follows it,] He asked him to keep, preserve, guard, or take care of, or to preserve from perishing or becoming lost, or to be careful of, or mindful of, or attentive to, (S, Sgh, Msb, K,) it, (S, K,) or the thing, (Msb,) or property, or a secret: (Sgh:) or he placed the thing with him for him to keep it, preserve it, guard it, or take care of it, &c.: (Kz:) or he intrusted him with the thing; intrusted it to him; or gave it to him in trust, or as a deposite. (Msb.) It is said in the Kur [v. 48], بِمَا اسْتُحْفِظُوا مِنْ كِتَابِ اللّٰهِ, meaning By that which they have been required to keep, &c., of the Book of God: (Msb:) or by that with which they have been intrusted, of the Book of God. (Msb, TA.) حِفْظٌ inf. n. of 1 [q. v.]. (S, Mgh, Msb.) b2: See also حَافِظٌ, last sentence but one.

حِفْظَةٌ: see حَفِيظَةٌ.

رَجُلٌ حُفَظَةٌ A man of much حِفْظ [app. meaning retention in the mind, or memory: see 1]. (Sgh.) حَفِيظٌ: see حَافِظٌ, in seven places: b2: and see مَحْفُوظٌ.

حَفِيظَةٌ The defence of those persons, or things, that are sacred, or inviolable, or that one is bound to respect or honour, and to defend; a subst. from 3, in the first of the senses mentioned above: (K, TA:) pl. حَفَائِظُ. (TA.) Hence the saying, الحَفَائِظُ تُذْهِبُ الأَحْقَادَ, (TA,) or تَنْقُضُ الأَحْقَادَ, (S,) [The acts of defending those whom one is bound to respect or honour, and to defend, put away, or annul, rancorous feelings;] i. e., when thou seest thy relation, or kinsman, wronged, thou defendest him, though rancour be in thy heart. (S, TA.) b2: Also, and ↓ حِفْظَةٌ, Indignation, and anger, (S, K, TA,) by reason of violence, or injury, done to something which one is bound to honour or respect, and to defend, or of wrong done to a relation, or kinsman, in one's neighbourhood, or of the breach of a covenant. (TA.) It is said in a prov., المَقْدِرَةُ تُذْهِبُ الحَفِيظَةَ [Power to revenge dispels anger, or indignation, &c.]; meaning that it is incumbent to forgive when one has power [to revenge]. (A, TA.) A2: An amulet, or a charm, bearing an inscription, which is hung upon a child, to charm against the evil eye &c. (TA.) حَافِظٌ and ↓ حَفِيظٌ Keeping, preserving, guarding, or taking care of, a thing; or a keeper, preserver, &c.: keeping and tending, or pasturing and defending, camels or the like; or a keeper and tender thereof: (K:) keeping a secret [and an oath]: (TA:) keeping, or retaining, the Kur-án [&c.] in the mind, or memory; knowing it, or learning it, by heart: (K:) intrusted with a thing, (K, TA,) to keep it, preserve it, guard it, or take care of it: (TA:) [careful, mindful, attentive, or considerate: (see 1:)] and the latter, a keeper, or person mindful, of the ordinances prescribed by God: (Bd and Jel in l. 31:) pl. of the former حَفَظَةٌ and حُفَّاظٌ: (Msb, K:) the latter pl. particularly applied to persons endowed with a faculty of retaining in the mind what they have heard, and seldom forgetting what they learn by heart. (TA.) You say, ↓ فُلَانٌ حَفِيظُنَا عَلَيْكُمْ i. e. حَافِظُنَا [Such a one is our keeper over you]. (TA.) It is said in the S that ↓ حَفِيظٌ is syn. with ↓ مُحَافِظٌ; [but this seems to be a mistranscription for حَافِظٌ;] and hence (it is there added) the saying in the Kur [vi. 104, and xi. 88], ↓ وَمَا أَنَا عَلَيْكُمْ بِحَفِيظٍ [And I am not a defender, or a watcher, or, as I rather think, a keeper, over you]. (TA.) You say also, رَجُلٌ حَافِظٌ لِدِينِهِ وَأَمَانَتِهِ وَيَمِينِهِ [A man who is a keeper, &c., of his religion and his deposite and his oath]; and ↓ حَفِيظٌ likewise: (Msb:) but حَافِظٌ لِيَمِينِهِ signifies also who keeps his oath from being used, or uttered, on, or for, ordinary, mean, or vile, occasions, or purposes. (Mgh.) And رَجُلٌ حَافِظُ العَيْنِ A man whom sleep does not overcome: (Lh, K:) because the eye guards the person when sleep does not overcome it. (TA.) ↓ الحَفِيظُ is also a name of God; meaning [The Preserver of all things;] He from whose preservation nothing is excluded, (K, * TA,) not even a thing of the weight of a ذَرَّة [q. v.], (TA,) in the heavens, nor on the earth; (K, TA;) who preserves from oblivion, for, or against, his creatures and his servants, what they do of good or evil; who preserves the heavens and the earth by his power, and whom the preservation of both does not burden. (TA.) And الحَفَظَةُ is an appellation of The recording angels, who write down the actions of the sons of Adam, or mankind; (S, K;) as also الحَافِظُونَ. (K.) ↓ حَفِيظٌ is sometimes trans.; as in the saying, هُوَ حَفِيظٌ عِلْمَكَ وَعِلْمَ غَيْرِكَ [He knows by heart thy science, and the science of others beside thee]. (TA.) [القُوَّةُ الحَافِظَةُ, and simply الحَافِظَةُ, signify The retentive faculty of the mind; retentiveness of mind; or memory; as also ↓ الحَفْظُ, for حِفْظُ القَلْبِ.] b2: حَافِظٌ also signifies (tropical:) A distinct and direct road; (En-Nadr, K, TA;) not one that is apparent at one time and then ceases to be traceable. (En-Nadr, TA.) مُحْفِظَاتٌ Things that anger a man, when he has his kinsman, or neighbour, slain. (TA.) b2: And مُحْفِظَاتُ رَجُلٍ A man's women and others whom he protects, and for whose defence he fights [when required to do so: because they occasion his being angered when they are injured]. (TA.) مَحْفُوظٌ Kept, preserved, guarded, or taken care of, because of the high estimation in which it is held; as also ↓ حَفِيظٌ. (TA.) It is said in the Kur [lxxxv. 21 and 22], بَلْ هُوَ قُرْآنٌ مَجِيدٌ فِى لَوْحٍ مَحْفُوظٍ (TA) [Nay, it is a glorious Kur-án, written upon a tablet preserved] from the devils and from the alteration of anything thereof: (Jel:) or, accord. to one reading, مَحْفُوظٌ, this epithet being thus made to relate to the Kur-án. (TA.) b2: [Hence, as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates, and then as a subst.,] A young child; in the dial. of Mekkeh; as a term of good omen: pl. مَحَافِيظُ. (TA.) b3: [Also Kept, or retained, in the mind, or memory; known, or learned, by heart. Hence the phrase,] عَرَضَ مَحْفُوظَاتِهِ عَلَى فُلَانٍ He showed the things which he kept, or retained, in his mind, or memory, or which he knew, or had learned, by heart, to such a one. (TA.) مُحَافِظٌ: see حَافِظٌ.

شرب

1 شَرِبَ, (S, A, K, &c.,) aor. ـَ (A, K,) inf. n. شُرْبٌ and شَرْبٌ (S, A, Msb, K, &c.) and شِرْبٌ, (S, A, K,) agreeably with three different readings of the Kur lvi. 55, (S, TA,) the first of which (with damm) is that generally obtaining, (Fr, TA,) and is the only one admitted by Jaafar Ibn-Mohammad, notwithstanding which the second form (with fet-h) is said by MF to be the most chaste as well as the most agreeable with analogy, (TA,) or the second (with fet-h) is an inf. n., and the first is a simple subst., (AO, S, Msb, K,) and so is the third, (AO, S, K,) and مَشْرَبٌ, (S, K,) which is also a n. of place [and of time], (S,) and تَشْرَابٌ, (S K, TA,) a form used when muchness of the act is meant, (TA,) and تِشْرَابٌ, which is anomalous, (TA voce بَيَّنَ, q. v.,) He drank, (KL, PS, TK,) or he swallowed, syn. جَرِعَ, (A, K, [but the former meaning is evidently intended by this explanation, and such I shall assume to be the case in giving the explanations of the derivatives in the A and K. &c.,]) water, &c., (S,) or a liquid, properly by sucking in, or sipping; and otherwise tropically; (Msb;) [generally, gulping it; for] you say, شَرِبَ المَآءَ فِى كَرَّةٍ [He drank the water at once, or at a single draught]; and فِى ↓ تشرّبهُ مُهْلَةٍ [He drank it leisurely, or gently, or slowly]: (Mgh:) شُرْبٌ signifies the conveying to one's inside, by means of his mouth, that in the case of which chewing is not practicable: (KT:) [but] Es-Sarakustee says, one does not say of a bird شَرِبَ المَآءَ, but حَسَاهُ. (Msb.) In the saying of Aboo-Dhu-eyb, describing clouds, شَرِبْنَ بِمَآءِ البَحْرِ ثُمَّ تَرَفَّعَتْ [which is evidently best rendered They drank of the water of the sea, then rose aloft, agreeably with what has been stated respecting بِ in the sense of مِنْ in p. 143, it is said that] the ب is redundant, or, as رَوِينَ is rendered trans. by means of بِ, [though I do not think that this is the case unless بِ be used as meaning “ by means of,” and I do not remember to have met with an instance of it,] شَرِبْنَ is thus rendered trans. (TA.) [See a similar ex. in the 28th verse of the Mo'allakah of 'Antarah, EM p. 232. One says also, شَرِبَ فِى إِنَآءٍ, meaning He drank out of a vessel; agreeably with an explanation of مِشْرَبَةٌ, in the S and K, as meaning إِنَآءٌ يُشْرَبُ فِيهِ.] and one says, إِنِّى لَأَمْكُثُ اليَوْمَيْنِ مَا أَشْرَبُهُمَا مَآءً, meaning مَا أَشْرَبُ فِيهِمَا مَآءً [i. e. Verily I tarry the two days not drinking in them water]. (O.) b2: [شَرِبَ الدَّوَآءَ, in the conventional language of the physicians, as is indicated in the Mgh, voce بَنْجٌ (q. v.), on the phrase شَرِبَ البَنْجَ, and as is shown in many instances in the K &c., means He took, i. e. swallowed, the medicine, whether fluid or solid. b3: And in the present day, they say, شَرِبَ الدُّخَانَ, meaning He inhaled, properly imbibed, smoke of tobacco; or he smoked tobacco, or the tobacco.] b4: One says of seed-produce, or corn, when its culms have come forth, قَدْ شَرِبَ الزَّرْعُ فِى القَصَبِ (assumed tropical:) [The seed-produce, or corn, has imbibed into the culms]: (O, TA:) and when the sap (المَآء) has come into it, شَرِبَ قَصَبُ الزَّرْعِ (assumed tropical:) [The culms of the seed-produce, or corn, have imbibed]. (TA.) And one says, شَرِبَ السُّنْبُلُ الدَّقِيقَ (tropical:) [The ears of corn imbibed the farina; or] became pervaded by the farina; (En-Nadr, A, O;) or had in them the alimentary substance; as though the farina were water which they drank. (TA.) And وَقَدْ شَرِبَ الزَّرْعُ الدَّقِيقَ, occurring in the story of Ohod, (O, TA,) as some relate it, or ↓ شُرِّبَ as others relate it, means (tropical:) [And the seed-produce, or corn, had imbibed, or had been made to imbibe, the farina, or] had become hardened in its grain, and near to maturity. (TA.) [And ↓ أُشْرِبَ means the same: for one says,] أُشْرِبَ الزَّرْعُ (tropical:) [The seed-produce, or corn, was made to imbibe the farina; or] became pervaded by the farina: and in like manner, أُشْرِبَ الزَّرْعُ الدَّقِيقَ, i. e. (tropical:) [The seed-produce, or corn, was made to imbibe the farina, or] its alimentary substance. (TA.) b5: One also says, أَكَلَ غَنَمِى وَشَرِبَهَا (tropical:) [He ate the flesh of my sheep, or goats, and drank the milk of them]. (TA in art. اكل.) And [in like manner] أَكَلَ فُلَانٌ مَالِى

وَشَرِبَهُ (tropical:) [Such a one fed upon, devoured, or consumed, my property]. (A.) And أَكَلَ عَلَيْهِ الدَّهْرُ وَشَرِبَ (tropical:) [Time wasted him, or wore him away; as though it fed upon him]. (A.) b6: And مَا لَمْ ↓ أَشْرَبْتَنِى

أَشْرَبْ [lit. Thou hast made me to drink what I have not drunk,] meaning (tropical:) thou hast charged against me, or accused me of doing, what I have not done; (S, A, K;) like أَكَّلْتَنِى مَا لَمْ آكُلْ. (S in art. اكل.) b7: شَرِبَ also signifies He was, or became, satisfied with drinking: (TA:) and in like manner شَرِبَت is said of camels. (A 'Obeyd, S, TA.) And He was, or became, thirsty; (K, TA;) thus having two contr. significations; (TA;) as also ↓ أَشْرَبَ. (K, TA.) b8: Also, and ↓ أَشْرَبَ, His camels were, or became, satisfied with drinking: and, i. e. both these verbs, his camels were, or became, thirsty: (K, TA:) or the former verb signifies, or signifies also, (accord. to different copies of the K,) his camel was, or became, weak. (K, TA.) A2: شَرِبَ بِهِ, and بِهِ ↓ أَشْرَبَ, He lied against him. (K.) A3: شَرَبَ, aor. ـُ (O, K, TA,) inf. n. شَرْبٌ, (O, TA,) He understood: (O, K, TA:) on the authority of AA. (TA.) [In a copy of the A, the verb in this sense is written شَرِبَ; and app. not through the fault of the transcriber, for it is there mentioned as tropical: but in the O, it is said to be like كَتَبَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. كَتْبٌ; and in the K, to be like نَصَرَ.] One says, شَرَبَ مَا أُلْقِىَ إِلَيْهِ, i. e. He understood [what was told to him]. (TA.) And one says to a stupid person, اُحْلُبْ ثُمَّ اشْرُبْ Kneel thou; then understand. (O, TA. See also 1 in art. حلب.) 2 شَرَّبَ [شرّبهُ, inf. n. تَشْرِيبٌ, He made him to drink water &c.; and so, as is indicated in the S and K &c., and as is well known, ↓ أَشْرَبَهُ: and] شَرَّبْتُ المَآءَ I gave to drink the water; as also ↓ أَشْرَبْتُهُ. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] one says, ظَلَّ مَالِى يُؤَكَّلُ وَيُشَرَّبُ [lit. My cattle passed the day made to eat and made to drink,] i. e. (assumed tropical:) pasturing as they pleased. (S, TA.) And شَرَّبَ مَالِى وَأَكَّلَهُ [lit. He made people to drink my property, and made them to eat it; or to drink the milk of my cattle, and to eat the flesh thereof;] i. e. (assumed tropical:) he fed people, (S,) or gave people to drink and to eat, (TA,) [of] my property, or cattle. (S, TA.) b3: and شرّب الأَرْضَ وَالنَّخْلَ (assumed tropical:) He gave drink to the land and the palm-trees. (TA.) b4: And شرّب لُقْمَةً

بِالدَّسَمِ (assumed tropical:) [He imbued, or soaked, a morsel, or mouthful, with grease, or gravy]. (TA in art. روغ.) b5: And شَرَّبْتُ القِرْبَةَ, (A 'Obeyd, S,) inf. n. تَشْرِيبٌ, (A 'Obeyd, K,) (assumed tropical:) I rendered the water-skin sweet; (K;) I put into the water-skin, it being new, clay and water, in order to render its savour sweet. (A 'Obeyd, S.) b6: And شُرِّبَ الزَّرْعُ الدَّقِيقَ: see 1, in the latter half of the paragraph.3 شاربهُ, (S, A, K, TA,) inf. n. مُشَارَبَةٌ and شِرَابٌ, He drank with him; namely, a man. (TA.) b2: [And He watered his camels, &c. with his, i. e. with another's : or he drew water with him for the watering of camels &c.:] see an ex. of the latter inf. n. in a verse cited voce شَرِيبٌ.4 أَشْرَبَ see 2, in two places. One says, أَشْرَبْتُ الإِبِلَ حَتَّى شَرِبَتْ [I made the camels to drink until they were satisfied with drinking; or I watered the camels, or gave them to drink, &c.]; (S, TA;) [for] أَشْرَبَ is syn. with سَقَى. (K.) b2: [Hence,] الثَّوْبُ يُشْرَبُ الصٍّبْغَ: see 5. And أُشْرِبَ الثَّوْبُ حُمْرَةً (tropical:) The garment, or piece of cloth, was imbued, or saturated, with redness. (A.) and أَشْرَبَ اللَّوْنَ (tropical:) He saturated the colour [with dye]. (K, TA.) And أُشْرِبَ لَوْنًا (assumed tropical:) It was intermixed with a colour; as also ↓ اِشْرَابَّ. (TA.) and أُشْرِبَ الأَبْيَضُ حُمْرَةً (assumed tropical:) The white was suffused, or tinged over, with redness. (S, TA.) b3: [Hence, أُشْرِبَ is also said of a sound, as meaning (assumed tropical:) It was mixed with another sound; as appears from the words here following:] حِسُّ الصَّوْتِ فِى الفَمِ مِمَّا لَا إِشْرَابَ لَهُ مِنْ صَوْتِ الصَّدْرِ (assumed tropical:) [The faint, or gentle, sound of the voice in the mouth, of such kind as has no mixture of the voice of the chest]. (K in art. همس.) b4: [Hence also,] أُشْرِبَ الزَّرْعُ: see 1, latter half. b5: And أُشْرِبَ فِى قَلْبِهِ حُبَّهُ, (S,) or أُشْرِبَ حُبَّ فُلَانٍ, (K,) or حُبَّ فُلَانَةَ, (A,) (tropical:) [He was made to imbibe into his heart the love of him, or of such a man, or of such a female;] meaning that the love of him, or of her, pervaded, or commingled with, his heart, (S, A, K, TA,) like beverage. (TA.) Whence, in the Kur [ii. 87], وَأُشْرِبُوا فِى قُلُوبِهِمُ الْعِجْلَ, for حُبَّ العِجْلِ, (S, TA,) i. e. (assumed tropical:) And they were made to imbibe [into their hearts] the love of the calf.. (Zj, TA.) b6: And رَفَعَ يَدَهُ فَأَشْرَبَهَا الهَوَآءَ ثُمَّ قَالَ بِهَا عَلَى قَذَالِهِ (tropical:) [He raised his hand, and made the air to swallow it up, (i. e. raised it so high and so quickly that it became hardly seen,) then gave a blow with it upon the back of his head]. (A, TA.) b7: And أَشْرَبْتَنِى مَا لَمْ أَشْرَبْ: see 1, latter half. b8: And one says to his she-camel, لَأُشْرِبَنَّكِ الحِبَالَ (tropical:) [I will assuredly put upon thee the ropes, or cords], and العِقَالَ [the cord, or rope, with which the fore shank and the arm are bound together]. (A.) [Or] اشربهُ means (tropical:) He put the rope, or cord, upon his neck; namely, a man's, (K, TA,) and a camel's, and a horse's or the like: (TA:) and اشرب الخَيْلَ he put the ropes, or cords, upon the necks of the horses. (K,) and اشرب إِبِلَهُ (tropical:) He tied his camels, every one to another. (K, TA.) A2: اشرب as an intrans. verb: see 1, last quarter, in two places. b2: Also He (a man, TA) attained to the time for the drinking of his camels. (K, * TA.) A3: اشرب بِهِ: see 1, near the end of the paragraph.5 تَشَرَّبَ see 1, first sentence. b2: Hence one says, (Mgh,) تشرّب الثَّوْبُ العَرَقَ, (S, Mgh, * K,) and الصِّبْغَ, (A, Mgh, L,) (tropical:) The garment, or piece of cloth, imbibed, or absorbed, (S, A, Mgh, * L, K,) the sweat, (S, Mgh, K,) and the dye; (A, Mgh, L;) as though it drank it by little and little: (Mgh:) and [in like manner] one says, الثَّوْبُ يشرب الصِّبْغَ [app. ↓ يُشْرَبُ, (like as one says يُشْرَبُ حُمْرَةً, as shown in the next preceding paragraph,) meaning (assumed tropical:) The garment, or piece of cloth, is made to imbibe, or absorb, the dye]. (TA.) [It is said that] the verb is not used intransitively in the [proper] language of the Arabs. (Mgh.) [But] one says, تشرّب الصِّبْغُ فِى الثَّوْبِ, meaning (tropical:) The dye pervaded the garment, or piece of cloth: (K, * TA:) and الصِّبْغُ يَتَشَرَّبُ الثَّوْبَ (tropical:) [The dye pervades the garment, or piece of cloth]. (TA.) [See also the explanation of a verse cited voce تَسَقَّى.]10 استشرب لَوْنُهُ (assumed tropical:) His, or its, colour became intense. (K.) And استشربت القَوْسُ حُمْرَةً (assumed tropical:) The bow became intensely red: such is the case when it is made of the [tree called] شَرْيَان. (AHn, (TA.) 11 اِشْرَابَّ: see 4, near the beginning. Q. Q. 4 اِشْرَأَبّ, (S, A, O, K,) inf. n. اِشْرِئْبَابٌ, (S, O,) (tropical:) He raised his head like the camel that has satisfied his thirst on the occasion of drinking: (A:) or he stretched forth his neck to look: (S, A, O, K:) not improbably, from الشُّرْبُ in its well known sense, as though he did so when preparing to drink: (O:) or, as is said in the L, from مَشْرَبَةٌ as syn. with غُرْفَةٌ: (TA:) you say, اِشْرَأَبَّ لَهُ, (S, A,) or إِلَيْهِ, (K,) or both; (TA;) [the former of which may be rendered He raised his head at it, or he stretched forth his neck at it to look; or, as also the latter, he stretched forth his neck to look at it;] namely, a thing: (S:) or اشرأبّ originally means he stretched forth his neck in preparing to drink water: and then, in consequence of frequency of usage, he raised his head, and stretched forth his neck, in looking; and hence is trans. by means of إِلَى: (Har p.

152:) or he raised, or exalted, himself. (K, * TA.) يَشْرَئِبُّونَ لِصَوْتِهِ, occurring in a trad., means (tropical:) They will raise their heads at his voice to look at him. (TA.) And اِشْرَأَبَّ النِّفَاقُ وَارْتَدَّتِ العَرَبُ, in another trad., means (tropical:) Hypocrisy exalted itself [and the Arabs apostatized, or revolted from their religion]. (TA.) شَرْبٌ an inf. n. of شَرِبَ [q. v.]. (S, A, Msb, K, &c.) A2: And a pl., (S, Msb,) or [rather] a quasipl. n., (ISd, TA,) of شَارِبٌ, q. v. (S, ISd, Msb, TA.) A3: [Golius assigns to it also the meaning of “ Linum tenue,” as on the authority of Meyd.]

شُرْبٌ an inf. n. of شَرِبَ [q. v.]; (S, A, Msb, K, &c.;) like ↓ شِرْبٌ: (S, A, K:) or a simple subst. [signifying The act of drinking]; (AO, S Msb, K;) as also ↓ شِرْبٌ. (AO, S, K.) A2: In the phrase أَخُوكَ شُرْبٌ it is used as [an epithet,] meaning ذُو شُرْبٍ [which may be regarded as virtually syn. with شَارِبٌ or as similar to this latter but intensive in signification]. (Ham p. 194.) شِرْبٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places. b2: Also Water, (K, TA,) itself; so some say; (TA;) as also ↓ مِشْرَبٌ, (K, accord. to the TA,) with kesr, (TA,) or ↓ مَشْرَبٌ, (so in the CK and in my MS. copy of the K,) i. e. water that one drinks; so says Az: pl. of the former أَشْرَابٌ. (TA.) [See also شَرَابٌ.] b3: [And A draught of milk: see an ex. in a verse cited in art. سلف, conj. 4.] b4: And A share, or portion that falls to one's lot, of water: (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) or so شِرْبٌ مِنْ مَآءٍ. (ISk, TA.) It is said in a prov., آخِرُهَا أَقَلُّهَا شِرْبًا [The last of them is the one of them that has the least share of water]: originating from the watering of camels; because the last of them sometimes comes to the water when the watering-trough has been exhausted. (S. [See also Freytag's Arab. Prov. i. 61.]) b5: As a law-term, it means The use of water [or the right to use it] for the watering of sown-fields and of beasts. (Mgh.) b6: Also A wateringplace; syn. مَوْرِدٌ: (Az, K:) pl. as above. (TA.) b7: And (assumed tropical:) A time of drinking: (K:) but they say that it denotes the time only by a sort of tropical application; and they differ respecting the connexion of this meaning with the proper meaning. (MF, TA.) شَرَبٌ: see شَرَبَةٌ, in two places.

شَرْبَةٌ A single act of drinking. (S.) b2: and A single draught, or the quantity that is drunk at once, of water. (S.) It is said in a prov., نِعْمَ مِعْلَقُ الشَّرْبَةِ هٰذَا [Excellent, or most excellent, is the traveller's drinking-cup, or bowl, that will hold a single draught, namely, this!]: the مِعْلَق is said by As to be a drinking-cup or bowl which the rider upon a camel suspends [to his saddle]: (Meyd:) it is said in describing a camel: (TA:) and it means that, to the place of alighting to which he desires to go, he is content with a single draught, not wanting another: (Meyd, TA:) the prov. is applied to him who, in his affairs, is content with his own opinion, not wanting that of another person. (Meyd.) شَرْبَةُ أَبِى الجَهْمِ [The draught of Abu-l-Jahm] is said of a thing that is sweet, or pleasant, but in its result unwholesome: (MF, TA:) Abu-l-Jahm was a frequent visiter of the Khaleefeh El-Mansoor El-'Abbásee, who, finding him troublesome, ordered that a poisoned draught should be given to him, in his presence: which having been done, Abu-l-Jahm, pained by the draught, rose to depart; and being asked by the Khaleefeh whither he was going, he answered, Whither thou hast sent me, O Prince of the Faithful. (MF.) b3: In the Mo'allakah of Tarafeh, it is applied to A draught of wine. (EM p. 87.) b4: [In the conventional language of the physicians, it is a term applied to A dose of medicine, such as is drunk and also such as is eaten.]

A2: Also A palm-tree that grows from the date stone: (K:) pl. شَرَبَاتٌ. (TA. [It seems to be there added that شَرَائِبُ and شَرَابِيبُ are also its pls.: the former may be like ضَرَائِرُ pl. of ضَرَّةٌ: the latter is app. a mistranscription, and should perhaps be شَرَائِيبُ, for شَرَائِبُ; like مَحَامِيرُ for مَحَامِرُ, &c.]) شُرْبَةٌ, (K,) or شُرْبَةٌ مِنْ مَآءٍ, (S,) The quantity of water that satisfies thirst. (S, K.) b2: شُرْبَةٌ is also syn. with ↓ إِشْرَابٌ [originally an inf. n.] meaning (assumed tropical:) A colour tinged over with another colour; as in the saying, فِيهِ شُرْبَةٌ مِنْ حُمْرَةٍ (assumed tropical:) [In him is a colour tinged with redness]: (S, TA:) [and] (tropical:) somewhat of redness; as in the phrase, فِيهِ شُرْبَةٌ (tropical:) [In him is somewhat of redness]: (A:) or (assumed tropical:) a redness in the face: (K:) or (assumed tropical:) whiteness mixed with redness. (IAar, TA voce حُسْبَةٌ.) شَرَبَةٌ [The act, or habit, of] much drinking. (K.) One says, إِنَّهُ لَذًو شَرَبَةٍ, meaning Verily he is one who drinks much. (AA, AHn, TA.) A2: It is also allowable as a pl. of شَارِبٌ [q. v.]. (Msb.) A3: Also A small trough, (S, K, TA,) made, (S,) or dug, (TA,) around a palm-tree, (S, K, TA,) and around any other kind of tree, and filled with water, (TA,) holding enough to irrigate it fully, (K, TA,) so that it is plentifully irrigated thereby: (S, TA:) pl. ↓ شَرَبٌ [or rather this is a coll. gen. n., of which the former is the n. un.,] and [the pl. properly so termed is]

شَرَبَاتٌ. (S.) b2: And i. q. كُرْدُ دَبْرَةٍ, (K, TA,) which is syn. with مَسْقَاةٌ: (TA:) [from a comparison of the explanations of all of these words, it seems to mean A channel of water for the irrigation of a plot, or tract, of sown land: or, if the explanation مسقاة, in the TA, be conjectural, the meaning may be a portion of such land, having a raised border to retain the water admitted upon it:] pl. شَرَبَاتٌ and [coll. gen. n.] ↓ شَرَبٌ [as above]. (TA.) A4: Also Thirst. (Lh, T, O, K.) One says, لَمْ تَزَلْ بِهِ شَرَبَةٌ اليَوْمَ He has not ceased to have thirst to-day. (Lh, TA.) And جَآءَتِ الإِبِلُ وَبِهَا شَرَبَةٌ The camels came thirsty. (T, O.) And طَعَامٌ ذُو شَرَبَةٍ Food wherewith one has not sufficient water to satisfy thirst. (O, TA.) Accord. to the L, شَرَبَةٌ signifies The thirst of cattle after the being satisfied with fresh pasture; because this invites to drink. (TA.) b2: And Vehemence of heat. (K.) One says, يَوْمٌ ذُو شَرَبَةٍ A day of vehement heat, in which is drunk more water than at other times. (TA.) شُرَبَةٌ One who drinks much; (ISk, S, K;) as also ↓ شَرُوبٌ and ↓ شَرَّابٌ. (S.) One says رَجُلٌ

أُكَلَةٌ شُرَبَةٌ A man who eats and drinks much. (ISk, S.) شُرْبُبٌ, applied to herbage, i. q. غَمْلَى; (O, K;) i. e. Tangled and dense, one part above another. (O.) شَرَبَّةٌ, [said to be] the only word of this form except جَرَبَّةٌ, (K,) [but to this should be added بَغَتَّةٌ, inf. n. of بَغَتَهُ,] A way, mode, or manner, of being, or acting &c. (S, O, K.) One says, مَا زَالَ فُلَانٌ عَلَى شَرَبَّةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ Such a one ceased not to be [employed] upon one affair. (S, O.) A2: And A tract of land, (K, TA,) soft, or plain, (TA,) producing herbs, but having in it no trees. (K, TA.) b2: [And] The side of a valley. (Mgh.) شَرَابٌ A beverage, or drink, (Mgh, L, Msb, K,) of any of the liquids, (Mgh, Msb,) or of anything that is not chewed, (L,) or of whatever kind and in whatever state it be; thus in a copy of the K: (TA:) and syn. with شَرَابٌ are ↓ شَرِيبٌ and ↓ شَرُوبٌ, (K,) accord. to a saying attributed to Az: (TA:) or these two have another meaning, expl. in the next paragraph: (K:) the pl. of شَرَابٌ is أَشْرِبَةٌ; (Mgh, TA;) or it has no pl., as is said in the K in art. نهر [accord. to one or more of the copies; but see نَهَارٌ, where it is shown that in copies of the K, as well as in the S, the word to which this statement relates is سَرَابٌ, with the unpointed س]. (TA.) The lawyers [and generally the post-classical writers, and sometimes others,] mean thereby [Win, and] such beverage as is forbidden. (Mgh.) [Also Sirup: pl. شَرَابَاتٌ: so in the language of the present day.]

شَرُوبٌ and ↓ شَرِيبٌ are syn. with شَرَابٌ, q. v.: or both signify Water inferior to the عَذْب [or sweet]: (K:) or [brackish water; i. e.] water between the salt and the sweet: (AO, S:) or water drinkable, or fit to be drunk, but in which is disagreeableness: (Msb:) or the former signifies water that has some degree of sweetness, and is sometimes drunk by men notwithstanding what is in it; and ↓ the latter, water inferior to what is sweet, and not drunk by men save in cases of necessity, but sometimes drunk by cattle: (IKtt, TA:) or ↓ the latter, the sweet: and the former is said to signify water that is drunk: (TA:) or ↓ the latter, water that has no sweetness in it, but is sometimes drunk by men notwithstanding what is in it; and the former, water inferior to this in sweetness, and not drunk by men save in cases of necessity: (Az, T, M, TA:) or, accord. to Lth, ↓ شَرِيبٌ and ↓ شِرِّيبٌ signify water in which are bitterness and saltness, but not abstained from as drink: and مَآءٌ شَرُوبٌ and طَعِيمٌ are syn.: and ↓ مَآءٌ مِشْرَبٌ is syn. with شَرُوبٌ: this last word is used alike as masc. and fem. and sing. and pl. (TA.) It is said in a prov., originally in a trad., جُرْعَةُ شَرُوبٍ أَنْفَعُ مِنْ عَذْبٍ مُوبٍ [expl. in art. وبأ]. (TA.) A2: Also, شَرُوبٌ, A man who drinks vehemently. (TA.) See also شُرَبَةٌ: and شِرِّيبٌ. b2: And (assumed tropical:) A she-camel desiring the stallion. (K.) شَرِيبٌ: see شَرَابٌ: and شَرُوبٌ; the latter in five places.

A2: Also One who drinks with another: (S, K:) and one who waters his camels with those of another: of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure مُفَاعِلٌ: (S:) and one who draws water, or is given to drink, with another. (IAar, K.) You say, هُوَ شَرِيِبِى [He is my companion in drinking; or in watering his camels with mine: &c.]. (TA.) And a rájiz says, رُبَّ شَرِيبٍ لَكَ ذِى حُسَاسِ كَالحَزِّ بِالمَوَاسِى ↓ شِرَابُهُ [Many a one who waters his camels with thine, or who draws water with thee for the watering of camels, having an evil disposition, his watering &c. is like the cutting with razors]: i. e., thy waiting for him at the watering-trough is [a cause of] killing to thee and to thy camels. (TA.) شَرِيبَةٌ is expl. in the S as meaning A sheep, or goat, which one drives back, or brings back, from the water, when the sheep, or goats, are satisfied with drinking, and which they follow: but in some of the copies in a marginal note stating that the correct word is سَرِيبَةٌ, with the unpointed س. (TA.) شَرَابِىٌّ A cup-bearer: or a butler: and a seller of wine or of sirup. (MA.) شُرَأْبِيبَةٌ a subst. (K) from اِشْرَأَبَّ [q. v.; as such signifying (tropical:) A raising of the head like the camel that has satisfied his thirst on the occasion of drinking: &c.]: (S, K, TA:) like طُمَأْنِينَةٌ [from اِطْمَأَنَّ]. (K, TA.) شَرَّابٌ: see شُرَبَةٌ: and what here next follows.

شِرِّيبٌ Addicted to شَرَاب [i. e. drink, or wine]; (S, K, TA;) like خِمِّيرٌ; (S;) as also ↓ شَرَّابٌ and ↓ شَرُوبٌ and ↓ شَارِبٌ. (TA.) A2: See also شَرُوبٌ.

شُرَّابَةٌ A tassel: so in the language of the present day: probably post-classical: pl. شَرَارِيبُ.]

شَارِبٌ Drinking, or a drinker: pl. شَارِبُونَ (Msb) and ↓ شَرْبٌ, like as صَحْبٌ is of صَاحِبٌ, (S, Msb,) or, accord. to ISd, (TA,) شَرْبٌ, which signifies people drinking, (K, TA,) and assembling for drinking, is a quasi.-pl. n. of شَارِبٌ, being like رَكْبٌ and رَجْلٌ; and شُرُوبٌ, which is said by IAar [and in the S] to be pl. of شَرْبٌ, is pl. of شَارِبٌ, like as شُهُودٌ is of شَاهِدٌ; (TA;) شَرَبَةٌ also is allowable as a pl. of شَارِبٌ, like as كَفَرَةٌ is pl. of كَافِرٌ; (Msb;) and أَشْرُبٌ is pl. of شَرْبٌ, or it may be an anomalous pl. of شَارِبٌ: (MF:) the pl. شُرُوب occurs in the saying of El-Aashà, هُوَ الوَاهِبُ المُسْمِعَاتِ الشُّرُو بَ بَيْنَ الحَرِيرِ وَبَيْنَ الكَتَنْ

[He is the giver of female singers to the drinkers, some clad in silk and some in linen]. (S.) b2: See also شِرِّيبٌ. b3: [Hence, The mustache; i. e.] the defluent hair over the mouth; (Msb;) or so شَوَارِبُ, (Lh, A, K,) which is the pl., (Lh, S, Msb,) as though the sing, applied to every distinct part: (Lh:) the two [halves] are called شَارِبَانِ: (S, TA:) or, as some say, only the sing. is used, and the dual is a mistake: (TA:) accord. to AHát (Msb, TA) and AAF, (TA,) the dual is is scarcely ever, or never, used; but accord. to AO, the Kilábees say شَارِبَانِ, with regard to the two extremities: (Msb, TA:) and the pl., (A, K,) or, accord. to the T &c., the dual, (TA,) signifies the long portions [of the hair] on the two sides of the سَبَلَة [q. v.]: (T, A, K, TA:) or (K, TA) شَارِبٌ signifies the سَبَلَة altogether, (A, K, TA,) as some say; but this is not correct. (TA.) One says, طَرَّ شَارِبُ الغُلَامِ [The mustache of the boy, or young man, grew forth]. (S.) b4: and hence, as being likened to the two long portions of hair on each side of the سَبَلَة, the شَارِبَانِ of the sword, (T, TA,) i. e. (tropical:) Two long projections (أَنْفَانِ طَوِيلَانِ) at the lower part of the hilt, (A, * K, TA,) [extending from the guard,] one on one side and the other on the other side of the blade, (T, * TA,) the غَاشِيَة [or leathern covering of the scabbard] being beneath them: so says ISh. (TA.) b5: الشَّوَارِبُ also signifies (tropical:) The عُرُوق [or ducts] of the حُلْقُوم [or windpipe]: (A:) or certain ducts (عُرُوق) in the حَلْق [i. e. fauces or throat], (K, TA,) that imbibe the water [or saliva?], being the channels thereof: (TA:) and, (K,) or, as some say, (TA,) the channels of the water [or saliva?] (S, K, TA) in the حَلْق [i. e. fauces or throat] (S) or in the neck: (K, TA:) or certain ducts (عُرُوق) adhering to the windpipe, and the lower parts thereof to the lungs: so says IDrd: or rather, some say, the hinder part thereof [adhering] to the وَتِين [or aor. a], having tubes from which the voice issues, and in which choking takes place, and whence the saliva issues: and those of the horse are said to be [certain ducts] by the side of the أَوْدَاج [or external jugular veins], where the veterinary surgeon draws blood by cutting the اوداج: the sing. seems by implication to be شَارِبٌ. (TA.) Hence the phrase حِمَارٌ صَخِبُ الشَّوَارِبِ (assumed tropical:) An ass that brays vehemently. (S, TA.) And صَخِبُ الشَّوَارِبِ (tropical:) [A man] having a disagreeable voice: thus likened to an ass. (A, TA.) b6: Accord. to IAar, الشَّوَارِبُ signifies [also] مَجَارِى المَآءِ فِى العَيْنِ, which AM supposes to mean The channels of water in the spring, or source; not in the eye. (L, TA.) b7: سُنْبُلٌ شَارِبُ قَمْحٍ means (tropical:) Ears of corn becoming, or being, pervaded by the farina: (A, TA:) or, in which the grain has hardened, and nearly come to maturity. (TA.) A2: Also (assumed tropical:) Weakness, or feebleness, in any animal: (K, * TA:) or a strain (عِرْق) thereof; as in the saying, نِعْمَ البَعِيرُ هٰذَا لَوْلَا

أَنَّ فِيهِ شَارِبَ خَوَرٍ (assumed tropical:) [Excellent, or most excellent, were the camel, this one, were there not in him a strain of weakness or feebleness]. (TA.) شَارِبَةٌ [a subst. from شَارِبٌ, made such by the affix ة,] A people, or party, dwelling upon the side (ضَفَّة, in some copies of the K صُفَّة,) of a river, (S, * A, K,) and to whom belongs the water thereof. (S.) إِشْرَابٌ as syn. with شُرْبَةٌ: see the latter.

مَشْرَبٌ is a noun of place, [and of time,] as well as an inf. n.: [i. e.] it signifies [A place, and a time, of drinking: or] the quarter (وَجْه) whence one drinks: (S, TA:) and a place to which one comes to drink at a river or rivulet: (TA:) and ↓ مَشْرَبَةٌ, (S, Msb, K, TA,) not, as is implied in the K, مَشْرُبَةٌ also, (TA,) signifies [the same, as is indicated in the A; or] a place whence people drink; (Msb, TA; *) i. q. مَشْرَعَةٌ; (K;) or like a مَشْرَعَة. (S, TA.) One says, هٰذَا مَشْرَبُ القَوْمِ and ↓ مَشْرَبَتُهُمْ [This is the people's, or party's, drinkingplace, or place whence they drink]. (A.) And it is said in a trad., ↓ مَلْعُونٌ مَنْ أَحَاطَ عَلَى مَشْرَبَةٍ, (S, TA,) i. e. [Cursed is he] who takes entirely to himself, debarring others from it, a place whence people drink. (TA.) b2: See also شِرْبٌ.

مُشْرَبٌ حُمْرَةً (tropical:) A man whose complexion is tinged over [or intermixed] with redness. (TA.) [See 4: and see also مُشَرَّبٌ.]

رَجُلٌ مُشْرِبٌ A man whose camels have drunk [until satisfied with drinking: see أَشْرَبَ near the end of the first paragraph]. (TA.) And A man whose camels are thirsty, or who is himself thirsty. (TA.) اِسْقِنِى فَإِنَّنِى مُشْرِبٌ is a saying mentioned by IAar, and expl. by him as meaning عَطْشَانُ: it means [Give thou me to drink, for] I am thirsty or my camels are thirsty. (TA.) مِشْرَبٌ: see شِرْبٌ: and see also شَرُوبٌ.

مَشْرَبَةٌ: see مَشْرَبٌ, in three places. b2: Hence, (A, TA,) An upper chamber; syn. غُرْفَةٌ; (S, A, Msb, K, TA;) and عُِلِّيَّةٌ; (S, * K;) both of which signify the same; (MF, TA;) because people drink therein; (A, TA;) as also ↓ مَشْرُبَةٌ: (S, Msb, K, TA:) pl. مَشَارِبُ, (TA,) syn. with عَلَالِىُّ, (S,) and مَشْرَبَاتٌ. (TA.) b3: And the former, (K, TA,) not, as is implied in the K, the latter also, (TA,) A صُفَّة [i. e. roofed vestibule or the like]: (K, TA:) or the like of a صُفَّة in the front of a غُرْفَة [expl. above]. (TA.) b4: Also the former, (K, TA,) not, as is implied in the K, both words, (TA,) Soft, or plain, land, in which is always herbage, (K, TA,) i. e. green and juicy herbage. (TA.) b5: See also مِشْرَبَةٌ.

A2: [Also A cause of drinking: a word of the class of مَبْخَلَةٌ

&c.] One says طَعَامٌ مَشْرَبَةٌ Food [that is a cause of drinking, or] upon which one drinks much water: (T, TA:) or طَعَامٌ ذُو مَشْرَبَةٍ food upon which the eater drinks. (A.) مَشْرُبَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مِشْرَبَةٌ, (S, A, K,) and MF says that ↓ مَشْرَبَةٌ is allowable in the same sense, mentioning it as on the authority of Fei, [in my copy of whose lexicon, the Msb, I do not find it,] (TA,) A drinkingvessel. (S, A, K.) مُشَرَّبٌ حُمْرَةً (tropical:) A man whose complexion is much tinged over [or much intermixed] with redness. (TA.) [See also مُشْرَبٌ.] b2: مُشَرَّبَةٌ is an epithet applied to Certain letters the utterance of which, in pausing, is accompanied with a sort of blowing, but not with the same stress as the [generality of those that are termed] مَجْهُورَة: they are زَاى and ظَآء and ذَال and ضَاد: [and Lumsden (in his Ar. Gr. p. 47) states that رَآء belongs to the same class, likewise: and, as some say, نُون when movent:] Sb says that some of the Arabs utter with more vehemence of voice than others. (TA.)