جبل

1 جَبَلَــهُ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (Msb, K) and جَبِلَ, (K,) inf. n. جَبْلٌ, (KL.) He (God) created him. (S, Msb, K, KL.) So in the phrase, جَبَلَــهُ عَلَى كَذَا, (Msb,) or على الشَّىْءِ, (K,) He (God) created him with an adaptation, or a disposition, to such a thing, or to the thing; adapted him, or disposed him, by nature thereto. (Msb.) It is said in a trad., جُبِلَــتِ القُلُوبُ عَلَى حُبِّ مَنْ أَحْسَنَ إِلَيْهَا وَبُغْضِ مَنْ أَسَآءَ إِلَيْهَا [Hearts are created with a disposition to the love of him who does good to them, and the hatred of him who does evil to them]. (TA.) b2: Also, (K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) i. q. جَبَرَهُ [evidently as meaning He compelled him, against his will, عَلَى الأَمْرِ to do the thing; for he who is created with a disposition to do a thing is as though he were compelled to do it]; and so ↓ اجبلــهُ, (K, TA,) inf. n. إِجْبَالٌ. (TA.) A2: جَبِلَ (assumed tropical:) He (a man) became like a mountain (جَبَل) in bigness, thickness, coarseness, or roughness. (TA.) b2: جَبِلَ حَدِيدُهُمْ (K, TA; in the CK, جَبَلَ; and in a MS. copy of the K, without any vowels;) (assumed tropical:) Their iron was, or became, blunt, such as would not penetrate. (K, * TA.) 3 جابل He (a man) alighted, or descended and abode, or sojourned, or settled, in a mountain. (AA, TA.) 4 اجبل He came, or went, or betook himself, to the mountain. (ISk, S, K.) b2: (tropical:) He (a digger) reached a hard place, (S, K,) or stone, (Mgh,) in his digging. (TA. [الحَافِر, meaning “ the digger,” Golius seems to have misunderstood as meaning “ the hoof ” of a horse.]) b3: [Hence,] (tropical:) He (a poet) experienced difficulty in diction, (K, TA,) so that he said nothing original, nor anything in the way of repetition. (TA.) b4: And طَلَبَ حَاجَةً فَأَــجْبَلَ (assumed tropical:) He sought a thing that he wanted, and failed of attaining it. (TA.) b5: And سَأَلْنَاهُمْ فَأَــجْبَلُــوا (tropical:) We asked them, and they refused, and did not give. (Ibn-'Abbád, Z, TA.) b6: And أَــجْبَلُــوا (tropical:) Their iron became blunt, so that it would not penetrate. (K, * TA.) A2: اجبلــهُ (tropical:) He found him to be a جَبَل, i. e. a niggard: (K, TA:) it is considered as implying fixedness. (TA.) b2: See also 1.5 تــجبّلــوا They entered a mountain: (K:) or, accord. to the O, you say, تــجبّل القَوْمُ الجِبَالَ, meaning, the people, or company of men, entered the mountains. (TA.) جَبْلٌ (assumed tropical:) Big, thick, coarse, or rough; (TA;) as also ↓ جَبِلٌ , applied to a thing (S, O, K) of any kind: (K:) or this latter is applied to an arrow, signifying (assumed tropical:) coarsely, roughly, or rudely, pared. (K.) You say رَجُلٌ جَبْلُ الرَّأْسِ , (K, TA, [in the CK, erroneously, جَبَلُ الرأس ,]) and الوَجْهِ, (TA,) (tropical:) A man having a big, thick, coarse, or rough, head, and face; (TA;) having little sweetness. (K, TA.) [See also جَبِيلٌ.] and ↓ رَجُلٌ مِجْبَالٌ (assumed tropical:) A big, thick, coarse, or rough, and heavy, man. (Ham p. 818.) And اِمْرَأَةٌ جَبْلَــةٌ (K [in one place in the CK جَبَلَــةٌ and جِبْلَــةٌ, but only جَبْلَــةٌ accord. to the TA,]) and ↓ مِجْبَالٌ (S, K) (tropical:) A woman big, thick, coarse, or rough, (S, K, TA,) in make; (S;) large in make. (TA.) And خِلْقَةٌ جَبْلَــةٌ (assumed tropical:) A big, thick, coarse, or rough, make. (Ham p. 821.) And نَاقَةٌ جَبْلَــةُ السَّنَامِ (tropical:) A she-camel having an increasing hump. (TA.) And سَيْفٌ جَبْلٌ and ↓ مِجْبَالٌ (assumed tropical:) A sword not made thin. (TA.) A2: Also (K, TA, [in the CK, جَبَل,]) A court [of a house]; syn. سَاحَةٌ. (K.) جُبْلٌ: see جِبْلٌ: b2: and جِبِلٌّ.

A2: Also Dry trees. (K.) جِبْلٌ Much; or numerous; (S, K;) as also ↓ جُبْلٌ (K.) So in the phrases مَالٌ جِبْلٌ [Much property; or numerous cattle]; and حَىٌّ جِبْلٌ A numerous tribe. (S.) b2: See also جِبِلٌّ, in two places.

جَبَلٌ [A mountain: or] any of the mountains (أَوْتَاد [lit. “pegs,” or “stakes,” a term applied to the mountains because they are supposed to make the earth firm, or fast,]) of the earth, that is great and long; (Mgh, K;) or, as some say, only such as is long; (Msb;) such as is isolated being called أَكَمَةٌ, or قُنَّةٌ: (K:) [and also applied to a rocky tract; any rocky elevation, however little elevated:] and sometimes it means stone; [or rock;] such, for instance, as is reached by the digger: and hence it is applied to Es-Safà and El-Marweh: (Mgh:) pl. [of mult.] جِبَالٌ (S, Msb, K) and (of pauc., Msb) أَــجْبُلٌ (Msb, K) and أَجْبَالٌ. (K.) b2: [Hence,] (assumed tropical:) A man who does not remove from his place: you say of such a one, هُوَ جَبَلٌ. (TA.) b3: (tropical:) A niggard. (K, TA.) [See 4.] b4: (tropical:) The lord, or chief, of a people, or company of men: and their learned man. (Fr, K, TA.) b5: ابْنَةُ الــجَبَل (assumed tropical:) The serpent: (K:) because it keeps to the جَبَل. (TA.) b6: (assumed tropical:) Calamity, or misfortune. (K.) b7: (assumed tropical:) The bow that is made from the tree called نَبْع; (K, TA;) because this is one of the trees of the جَبَل. (TA.) b8: (assumed tropical:) The echo. (Har p. 472.) جَبُلٌ: see جِبِلٌّ.

جَبِلٌ: see جَبْلٌ. b2: Also, applied to the iron head, or blade, of an arrow, or of a spear, or of a sword, &c., (tropical:) Blunt; that will not penetrate into a thing: (Ibn-' Abbád, K, * TA:) and so, with ة, applied to a فَأْس. (TA.) جُبُلٌ: see جِبِلٌّ.

جَبْلَــةٌ (K, TA, [in the CK جَبَلَــةٌ,]) and ↓ جِبْلَــةٌ The face: or the بَشَرَة [or external skin] thereof: or the part thereof that is turned towards one. (K.) A2: Also, (K,) or the former, (TA,) A vice, fault, defect, or blemish. (K.) A3: And Strength. (K.) b2: And Hardness of the earth, or ground. (Lth, K.) A4: See also جُبْلَــةٌ: A5: and see جِبْلَــپٌ.

جُبْلَــةٌ A camel's hump; (S, K;) as also ↓ جَبْلَــةٌ. (K.) A2: See also جِبِلٌّ: A3: and see جِبِلَّــةٌ, in two places.

جِبْلَــةٌ: see جِبِلَّــةٌ. b2: Also The origin, or stock, (K, TA,) of any created thing; (TA;) and so ↓ جُبُلَّــةٌ. (K, TA.) b3: The fundamental nature, or composition, of a mountain. (TA.) b4: ثَوْبٌ جَيِّدُ الــجِبْلَــةِ (tropical:) A garment, or piece of cloth, good in respect of the thread (K, TA) and the weaving. (TA.) b5: رَجُلٌ ذُو جِبْلَــةٍ (assumed tropical:) A big, thick, coarse, or rough, man. (S, K.) A2: See also جِبِلٌّ, in two places: A3: and see جَبْلَــةٌ.

جَبَلَــةٌ: see جِبِلَّــةٌ.

جُبُلٌّ: see what next follows.

جِبِلٌّ and ↓ جُبُلٌّ and ↓ جِبْلٌ [accord. to the CK like عَدْلٌ, but correctly like عِدْلٌ,] and ↓ جُبْلٌ and ↓ جُبُلٌ, (S, K,) accord. to different readings of the instance occurring in the Kur xxxvi. 62, the first being the reading of the people of ElMedeeneh, (S,) [and the most common,] A great company of men; as also ↓ جِبِلَّــةٌ and ↓ جَبِيلٌ: (K:) or [simply] a company of men; (S;) as also ↓ جَبُلٌ, accord. to Kh; (Sgh, TA;) and so ↓ جَبْلَــةٌ and ↓ جُبْلَــةٌ and ↓ جِبِلَّــةٌ: which last three signify also the same as أُمَّةٌ [a nation, or people, &c.]: (K:) it is said [by some] that جِبِلٌّ is pl. [or coll. gen. n.] of ↓ جِبِلَّــةٌ meaning a numerous company: (TA:) جِبَلَــةٌ is pl. of ↓ جِبْلٌ: one says, قَبَحَ اللّٰهُ جِبَلَــتَكُمْ [May God remove far from prosperity, or success,] your companies: (Fr, TA:) and جِبَلٌ is pl. of ↓ جِبْلَــةٌ. (Bd in xxxvi. 62.) جُبُلَّــةٌ Much, or an abundance, or a large quantity or number, or anything; as also ↓ جِبِلَّــةٌ. (K.) A2: See also جِبْلَــةٌ: A3: and see what next follows, in two places.

جِبِلَّــةٌ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ جُبُلَّــةٌ and ↓ جَبِيلَةٌ (Sgh, MF) and ↓ جِبْلَــةٌ (AA, S, K) and ↓ جُبْلَــةٌ and ↓ جَبْلَــةٌ and ↓ جَبَلَــةٌ, (K,) but this last, accord. to MF, is unknown, (TA,) Nature; or natural, native, innate, or original, constitution, disposition, temper, or other quality or property; idiosyncrasy; syn. خِلْقَةٌ (AA, S, Sgh, Msb, K) and طَبِيعَةٌ (Msb, K) and غَرِيزَةٌ; all these signifying the same: (Msb:) pl. of the first جِبِلَّــاتٌ. (S.) Hence, in the Kur [xxvi. 184], وَالــجِبِلَّــةَ الأَوَّلِينَ, (S,) meaning الخَلِيقَةَ, (Jel,) or ذَوِي الــجِبِلَّــةِ, i. e. And the preceding created beings: (Bd:) El-Hasan read with damm [i. e. ↓ الــجُبُلَّــةَ or ↓ الجثبْلَةَ]. (S.) A2: See also جِبِلٌّ, in three places: b2: and see جُبُلَّــةٌ.

جَبَلِــىٌّ Of, or relating to, a mountain or mountains; contr. of سُهْلِىٌّ. (The Lexicons &c. passim.) جِبِلّــىٌّ Natural; i. e. of, or relating to, the natural, native, innate, or original, constitution, disposition, temper, or other quality or property; like طَبِيعِىٌّ; i. e. essential; resulting from the Creator's ordering of the natural disposition in the body. (Msb.) جِبَالٌ (tropical:) The body, with, or without, the members; syn. جَسَدٌ and بَدَنٌ; (K, TA;) as being likened to a mountain in bigness [?]. (TA.) One says, أَحْسَنَ اللّٰهُ جِبَالَهُ, meaning, (tropical:) [May God render beautiful] his body (جَسَدَهُ): and [render good] his created خُلُق [or mind, with its qualities and attributes: but I rather think that خُلُق is here a mistranscription for خَلْق, meaning make]. (Ibn-' Abbád, TA.) جَبِيلٌ: see جِبِلٌّ.

A2: جَبِيلُ الوَجْهِ (tropical:) A man having a bad, or an ugly, face. (K, TA.) [See also جَبْلٌ.]

جَبِيلَةٌ: see جِبِلَّــةٌ.

مِجْبَالٌ: see جَبْلٌ, in three places.

مَجْبُولٌ, applied to a man, (assumed tropical:) Great, large, or big, (K, TA,) in make; as though he were a mountain. (TA.)

الــجبَلُ:
كورة بحمص.
الــجبَلُ:
هو اسم جامع لهذه الأعمال التي يقال لها الجبال، وقد تقدم ذكرها، والعامة في أيّامنا يسمونها العراق وقد نسب إليها خلق كثير، منهم: علي بن عبد الله ابن جهضم الهمذاني الــجبلــي، روى عن محمد بن علي الوجيهي، روى عنه أبو حازم العبدوي ونسب كذلك لأن همذان من بلاد الــجبل وأبو عبدان عبد العزيز ابن صالح الــجبلــي البروجردي، روى عن أبي بكر أحمد بن محمد بن المبارك الحافظ وغيره، وروى عنه أبو الحسن عبد الرحيم بن عبد الرحمن البوشنجي الصوفي وأبو عبد الله بختيار بن عبد الله الحاجي وغيرهما وأحمد بن الحسن بن الفرج بن محمد بن الحسين الــجبلــي الهمذاني، سمع أبا الفضل عبد الواهب ابن أحمد بن بوغة الكرابيسي وأبا الفتح عبدوس بن عبد الله بن عبدوس العبدري وأبا القاسم الفضل بن أبي حرب الجرجاني وغيرهم، روى عنه أبو سعد المروزي ونسبه كذلك وجبل هراة نسبوا إليه أبا سعد محمد ابن الدّيسق الــجبلــي الهروي، روى عن أبي عمر المليحي صحيح البخاري وجامع أبي عيسى الترمذي، ومات في حدود سنة 520. والــجبل:
موضع بالأندلس نسبوا إليه محمد بن أحمد الــجبلــي الأندلسي، روى عن بقي بن مخلد، ومات سنة 313 ومحمد بن الحسن الــجبلــي الأندلسي نحويّ شاعر، سمعه أبو عبد الله الحميدي.
جَبُّلُ:
بفتح الجيم، وتشديد الباء وضمها، ولام: بليدة بين النّعمانية وواسط في الجانب الشرقي، كانت مدينة، وأما الآن فإني رأيتها مرارا، وهي قرية كبيرة وإياها عنى البحتري بقوله:
حنانيك من هول البطائح شائرا ... على خطر، والريح هول دبورها
لئن أوحشتني جبّل وخصاصها، ... لما آنستني واسط وقصورها
وبقاضيها يضرب المثل، وكان من حديثه أن المأمون كان راكبا يوما في سفينة يريد واسطا ومعه القاضي يحيى بن أكثم فرأى رجلا على شاطئ دجلة يعدو مقابل السفينة وينادي بأعلى صوته: يا أمير المؤمنين نعم القاضي قاضينا، نعم القاضي قاضي جبّل! فضحكك
القاضي يحيى بن أكثم، فقال له المأمون: ما يضحكك يا يحيى؟ قال: يا أمير المؤمنين هذا المنادي هو قاضي جبّل يثني على نفسه، فضحك منه وأمر له بشيء وعزله وقال: لا يجوز أن يلي المسلمين من هذا عقله وينسب إليها جماعة من أهل العلم، منهم: أبو عمران موسى بن إسماعيل الــجبّلــي رفيق يحيى بن معين، حدث عن عمر ابن أبي جعفر خثعم اليماني وحفص بن سالم وغيرهما والحكم بن سليمان الــجبّلــي، روى عن يحيى بن عقبة ابن أبي العيزار، روى عنه عيسى بن المسكين البلدي وأبو الخطاب محمد بن علي بن محمد بن إبراهيم الــجبّلــي الشاعر، كان من المجيدين، وكان بينه وبين أبي العلاء المعرّي مشاعرة وفيه قال أبو العلاء قصيدته:
غير مجد، في ملّتي واعتقادي، ... نوح باك ولا ترنّم شادي
ومات أبو الخطاب في ذي القعدة سنة تسع وثلاثين وأربعمائة.