ذم
1 ذَمَّهُ, (
T,
S,
M, &c.,)
aor. ـُ (
T,
M,
Msb,)
inf. n. ذَمٌّ (
T,
S,
M,
Mgh,
Msb,
K) and مَذَمَّةٌ, (
M,
K,) He blamed, dispraised, discommended, found fault with, censured, or reprehended, him, in respect of evil conduct; الذَّمُّ signifying اللَّوْمُ (
T,
Mgh) فِى الإِسَآءَةِ; (
T;)
contr. of المَدْحُ, (
S,
M,
Mgh,
Msb,
K,) or of الحَمْدُ: (
Mgh:) and ↓ ذمّمهُ, (
MA,)
inf. n. تَذْمِيمٌ, (
KL,) signifies the same: (
MA,
KL:) [or this has an intensive meaning: see its
pass. part. n., below.] Hence the saying, اِفْعَلْ كَذَا وخَلَاكَ ذَمٌّ, (
T,
S,
K,) i. e. خَلَا مِنْكَ ذَمٌّ, meaning [Do thou such a thing, and] thou wilt not be blamed; (
ISk,
S,
K;) or thou wilt have an excuse; [
lit.] blame will full from thee: (
S in art. خلو:) one should not say خَلَاكَ ذَنْبٌ. (
ISk,
S in the present art.) ذُمَّ, also, signifies He was satirized, particularly in verse. (
IAar,
T.) And He was made to suffer loss or diminution [
app. in respect of his reputation]. (
IAar,
T.)
b2: ذَمَّ المَكَانُ (
tropical:) The place was, or became, affected with drought, or barrenness, and its good things [or produce] became scanty. (
TA.) [But perhaps ذَمَّ is here a mistranscription for ذُمَّ; for] you say of a land, ذَمَّ مَرْعَاهَا [He dispraised, or discommended, its pasture, when its pasture is scanty]. (
S and
M and
K in art. بذأ.)
A2: ذَمَّ, [
aor. ـِ said of the nose, (
S,
K,) It flowed [with ذَمِيم, i. e. mucus]; (
K;) like ذَنَّ. (
S,
K.) And [the
aor. ـَ is said of ذَمِيم; (
S,
K;) like يَذِنُّ; (
S,
TA;) meaning It flows. (
TA.) 2 ذَمَّّ see 1, first sentence.
3 فُلَانٌ يُذَامُّ عَيْشَهُ (assumed
tropical:) Such a one passes his life contended with scantiness. (
TA.) 4 اذمّ He (a man) did [or said] that for which he should be blamed, dispraised, discommended, found fault with, censured, or reprehended; (
S;)
contr. of أَحْمَدَ. (A in art. حمد.) and إِلَيْهِ ↓ استذمّ, (
M,
K,) or إِلَى النَّاسِ, (
S,) He did to him, or to the people, that for which he should be blamed, &c. (
S,
M,
K.)
b2: [Hence,] أَذَمَّتْ رَاحِلَتُهُ (
tropical:) His riding-camel ceased going on; as though she made the people to blame her. (
TA.) And أَذَمَّتْ رِكَابُهُمْ (
tropical:) Their camels upon which they were riding became jaded, and lagged behind, (
S,
M,
K,
TA,) not keeping up with the main body of camels; (
S,
TA;) [as though they made their riders to blame them; or] as though [the idea of] their strength in journeying were derived from ذَمَّةٌ meaning “ a well having little water. ” (
TA.) And اذمّ بِهَ بَعِيرُهُ (
tropical:) [His camel became jaded, and lagged behind with him]. (
S,
TA.) And أَذَمَّتْ بِالرَّكْبِ, said of a she-ass, (
tropical:) She kept back the company of riders upon camels by her weakness and her ceasing to go on. (
TA from a
trad.)
A2: اذمّهُ He found him, or it, to be such as is blamed, dispraised, &c.; (
S,
M,
K,
TA;)
contr. of أَحْمَدَهُ. (
TA.) One says, أَتَيْتُ مَوْضِعَ كَذَا فَأَذْمَمْتُهُ, i. e. [I came to such a place, and] I found it to be such as is discommended. (
S)
b2: اذّم بِهِ, (
S,) or بِهِمْ, (
M,
K,) He held him, or them, in little, or light, or mean, estimation, or in contempt: (
S,
K:) or he left [him or] them blamed, dispraised, &c., among the people. (
IAar,
M,
K.)
A3: Also, اذمّهُ, He protected him; granted him protection, or refuge. (
S,
K.)
b2: And اذمّ لَهُ عَلَيْهِ He took, or obtained, a promise, or an assurance, of security or safety, and a compact, or covenant, for him, or in his favour, of, or against, him [i. e. another person, making the latter responsible for his (the former's) security, or safety, &c.]. (
M, *
K, *
TA.)
A4: See also the next paragraph.
5 تذمّم He shunned, or avoided, (
T, *
Mgh,) or he preserved, or guarded, himself from, (
MA,) blame, dispraise, &c.: (
T, *
MA,
Mgh:) this is the proper meaning; and hence, (
Mgh,) he felt disdain, or scorn, and shame. (
S,
MA,
Mgh,
K,
KL.) One says, لَوْ لَمْ أَتْرُكِ الكَذِبَ تَأَثُّمًا لَتَرَكْتُهُ تَذَمُّمَا [If I did not refrain from lying for the purpose of abstaining from sin, I would refrain from it from a feeling of disdain, or scorn, or shame]. (
S,
K.) And تذمّم مِنْهُ [He abstained, or refrained, from it to avoid blame, or through disdain, or scorn, or shame; disdained, or scorned, it; or was ashamed of it]. (
K in art. حشم.) And Aboo-'Amr Ibn-El-'Alà mentions his having heard an Arab of the desert use the expression لا يذمّون [
app. ↓ لَا يُذِمُّونَ, for the ا in the measure أَفْعَلَ sometimes has a privative property,] meaning They do not shun, or avoid, blame; (لَا يَتَذَمَّمُونَ;) and are not affected with shame. (
TA.) It is said in a
trad., مِنْ خِلَالِ المَكَارِمِ التَّذَمُّمُ لِلصَّاحِبِ, meaning [Of the properties of generous, or honourable, practices, is] the being regardful of everything that is entitled to reverence, respect, honour, or defence, in the character and appertenances of the companion, or friend, and dispelling from oneself the blame that he would incur from men if he were not regardful thereof. (
TA.) And one says, لِلْجَارِ عِنْدَكَ تَذَمُّمٌ and ↓ مُسْتَذَمٌّ [To the neighbour, with thee, is shown regard of everything that is entitled to reverence, respect, honour, or defence, in his character and appertenances: مُسْتَذَمٌّ being
app. an
inf. n. of ↓ استذمّ, and this being
syn. with تذمّم]. (
TA.) 6
تذامّــوا They blamed, dispraised, discommended, found fault with, censured, or reprehended, one another. (
M,
K.) 10 استذمّ [He required blame, &c.; as though he called for it; or] he was blamed, or dispraised, &c. (
KL.) See also 4, second sentence.
b2: and see 5, last sentence.
b3: [استذمّ بِذِمَامِهِ is used by
post-classical writers, and is perhaps a classical phrase, meaning He begged, or implored, his protection. See an instance in “ Abulfedæ Annales,”
vol. iii. p. 170.]
R.
Q. 1 ذَمْذَمَ He made his gift small, or scanty. (
IAar,
T,
K.) ذَمٌّ
inf. n. of ذَمَّهُ. (
T,
S,
M, &c.) [
As a simple
subst., Blame, dispraise, or censure.]
b2: and [the
pl.] ذُمُومٌ signifies Vices, faults, defects, or the like. (
M,
K. [See ذَامٌّ.])
A2: See also ذَمِيمٌ.
A3: And see ذَمَّةٌ.
ذِمٌّ: see ذَمِيمٌ.
b2: Also Excessively lean or emaciated; and perishing: (
K:) or like him who is perishing. (
T,
TA.)
b3: See also ذِمَّةٌ.
ذَمَّةٌ [as a
subst.]; (
T,
Mgh;) and بِئْرٌ ذَمَّةٌ, (
T,
S,
M,
Mgh,
K,) in which the latter word is an
epithet, (
Mgh,) and ↓ ذِمَّةٌ also, with kesr, (so in one of my copies of the
S,) and ↓ ذَمِيمٌ, and ذَمِيمَةٌ; (
M,
K;) A well containing little water; (
T,
S,
M,
Mgh,
K;) because discommended: (
M,
Mgh:) and, (
M,
K,) as some say, (
M,) containing much water: thus having two
contr. significations: (
M,
K:)
pl. ذِمَامٌ (
T,
S,
M,
K) and ↓ ذَمٌّ, (
T,
TA,) [or rather the latter is a
coll. gen. n., of which ذَمَّةٌ is the
n. un.] A poet says, (
S,) namely, Dhu-r-Rummeh, describing camels whose eyes were sunk in their sockets by reason of fatigue, (
T,) عَلَى حِمْيَرِيَّاتٍ كَأَنَّ عُيُونَهَا ذِمَامُ الرَّكَايَا أَنْكَزَتْهَا المَوَاتِحُ [Upon camels of Himyer that were as though their eyes were wells containing little water which the camels employed to draw it had exhausted]. (
T,
S.) ذِمَّةٌ A compact, a covenant, a contract, a league, a treaty, an engagement, a bond, or an obligation; (
T,
S,
M,
Mgh,
Msb,
K;) because the breaking thereof necessitates blame: (
Mgh:) and a right, or due, (حَقٌّ,) for the neglect of which one is to be blamed: (
Bd in ix. 8:) [an inviolable right or due:] and ↓ ذِمَامٌ and ↓ مَذِمَّةٌ and ↓ مَذَمَّةٌ signify in like manner a compact, a covenant, &c. as above, for the neglect, or nonobservance, of which a man is to be blamed: (
Msb:) or these three words [in the
CK the first and last only] signify a right, or due;
syn. حَقٌّ: (
M,
K:) or so the first of them: (
T, *
S:) and each of them, (
M,
K,) or the first of them, i. e. ذِمَامٌ, (
T,
S,
Mgh,)
i. q. حُرْمَةٌ [which includes all the significations of ذِمَّةٌ likewise, those above and those which follow, but appears here to be used as meaning especially a thing that should be sacred, or inviolable; or which one is under an obligation to reverence, respect, or honour, and defend; everything that is entitled to reverence, respect, honour, or defence. in the character and appertenances of a person]; (
S,
M,
Mgh,
K;) every حُرْمَة for the neglect, or non-observance, of which one is to be blamed: (
T:) ↓ ذَمَامَةٌ, also, and ↓ ذِمَامَةٌ, are
syn. with حَقٌّ and حُرْمَةٌ: (
TA:) and ذِمَّةٌ signifies also
i. q. أَمَانٌ [as meaning security, or safety; security of life and property; protection, or safeguard; a promise, or an assurance, of security, safety, protection, or safeguard; indemnity; or quarter]; (
S,
Mgh,
Msb,
KL,
TA;) and so ↓ ذِمَامٌ: (
MA,
KL: [explained in both by the
Pers\. زِنْهَارْ; and in the latter by حُرْمَةٌ and حَقٌّ also:]) and responsibility [for the fulfilment of an obligation, for the payment of a sum of money, for the restitution of a thing, or for the safety, or safe-keeping, of a thing or person]; suretiship; (
M,
Mgh,
Msb,
K;) as also ↓ ذَمَامَةٌ and ↓ ذِمَامَةٌ; (
M,
K; [in the former of which, these two words are said to be
syn. with ذِمَّةٌ,
app. meaning, in all the senses mentioned above;]) and ↓ ذِمٌّ: (
M,
K: [said in the
M to be
syn. with ذِمَّةٌ in the first only of the senses mentioned above in this paragraph: in the
CK, والذِّمُّ is erroneously put for وَ الذِّمِّ:]) the
pl. of ذِمَّةٌ is ذِمَمٌ (
T,
Msb) and ذِمَامٌ: (
T:) and the
pl. of ↓ ذِمَامٌ as [a
sing.]
syn. with [ذِمَّةٌ and] مَذَمَّةٌ and مَذِمَّةٌ is أَذِمَّةٌ. (
M,
K.) Hence, i. e. from ذِمَّةٌ in the first of the senses explained above, أَهلُ الذِّمَّةِ, (
S,
Mgh,
TA.) and الذِّمِّةُ, (
T,
M, *
Mgh,
K,
TA,) with the
prefixed noun اهل suppressed, (
TA,) The people with whom a compact, or covenant, &c., has been made; (
T,
S,
M,
K,
TA;) [and particularly] those, of the believers in a plurality of Gods, [by which are here meant the Christians, Jews, and Sabians, but no others,] who pay the [tax called] جِزْيَة; (
T,
TA;) [i. e. the free non-Muslim subjects of a Muslim government, who pay a poll-tax for which the Muslims are responsible for their security and freedom and toleration: see أَهْلٌ:] the appellation ↓ ذِمِّىٌّ, (
Mgh,
Msb,) a rel.
n. from الذِّمَّةُ, (
Msb;) is applied to a person of this class; (
Mgh,
Msb;) because he is rendered secure, or free from fear, for his property and his blood, by means of the جِزْيَة. (
Mgh.) جَعَلَ عُمَرُ أَهْلَ السَّوَادِ ذِمَّةً means'Omar treated [
lit. made] the people of the Sawád as those who are termed أَهْلُ الذِّمَّةِ. (
Mgh.) and أَقْبِلْنَا بِذِمَّةٍ [or أَقْلِبْنَا?], in the prayer of the traveller, means Restore us to our family in safety. (
TA.) It is related in a
trad. of 'Alee, that he said, ذِمَّتِى بِمَا
أَقُولُ رَهِينَةٌ وَ أَنَا بِهِ زَعِيمٌ, meaning My responsibility is pledged for [the truth of] what I say, and I am answerable for it; (
Mgh,
TA; *) i. e. this my saying is true, and I am responsible for it. (
Mgh.) And it is said in another
trad., فَقَدْ بَرِئَتْ مِنْهُ الذِّمَّة [Then the responsibility of God is clear, or quit, of him]; i. e. there is given to every one, by God, a covenant whereby He binds Himself to preserve and protect him; and when he throws himself into destruction, or does that which is unlawful for him to do, or acts at variance with that which he is commanded to do, the covenant of God fails to aid him. (
TA.) فِى ذِمَّتِى كَذَا means فى ضَمَانِى [virtually I am responsible for such a thing; i. e. for paying it, or restoring it, &c.; but
lit. in my responsibility is such a thing; or on my responsibility rests, or lies, or be, such a thing; for فى may be here used, as it is in many other instances, in the sense of عَلَى]: (
Msb:) [or,] in the saying ثَبَتَ فِى ذِمَّتِى كَذَا, [which means Such a thing became, or has become, binding, obligatory, or incumbent, on me,] the term ذِمَّة is applied to designate [the moral sense considered as] the seat [of the sense] of obligation to fulfil what is [properly] termed ذِمَّة [i. e. a compact, or covenant, or the like]. (
Mgh.) الرَّضَاعِ ↓ مَا يُذْهِبُ عَنِّى مَذِمَّةَ (
T,
S,
Mgh, *) or الرَّضَاعِ ↓ مَذَمَّةَ, (
T,
Mgh,) meaning [What will put away from me the obligation of] the right, or due, of the woman who has suckled for the sucking? is a question occurring in a
trad., (
T,
S,
Mgh, *) as put by a man to the Prophet: (
T:) and the answer was, “A slave, male or female: ” (
T,
S,
Mgh:) En-Nakha'ee says, (
S,) they liked, on the occasion of the weaning of a child, to give the woman who had suckled it something beside the hire: (
S,
Mgh:) ↓ مَذَمَّةٌ in this case is a
dial. var. of ↓ مَذِمَّةٌ: (
Mgh:) or, as
IAth says, the former is from الذَّمُّ; and the latter, from الذِّمَّهُ. (
TA.) Yousay also, الرَّضَاعِ بِشَّىْءٍ تُعْطِيهِ ↓ أَذْهِبْ عَنْكَ مَذَمَّ الظِّئْرَ and الرَّضَاعِ ↓ مَذِمَّ, meaning [Put away from thee the obligation of] the right, or due, that is incumbent on thee to render her for the sucking of thy child [by something that thou shalt give to her who has suckled]. (
T.) And أَذْهِبْ عَنْكَ بِشَىْءٍ ↓ مَذِمَّتَهُمْ and ↓ مَذَمَّتَهُمْ, (
T, and so
accord. to different copies of the
S and
K, in which عنك is omitted,) مَذَمَّة being a
dial. var., (
T,) i. e. [Put away from thee the obligation of their right, or due, by something; meaning] feed them with something, (
T,) or give to them something, (
S,
K,) for they have a right, or due. (
T,
S,
K.) and ↓ قَضَى مَذِمَّتَهُ and ↓ مَذَمَّتَهُ [He paid his right, or due;] meaning he did good to him, or conferred upon him a benefit or benefits, in order that he might not be blamed. (
M,
K.) And رَجُلٌ
↓ ذُو مَذِمَّةٍ and ↓ مَذَمَّةٍ [in the
CK the latter only, A man who has a right, or due,] meaning كَلٌّ عَلَى النَّاسِ (
tropical:) [a man who is a burden upon people, to be maintained, or supported, by them]. (
M,
K,
TA.)
A2: Also (i. e. ذِمَّةٌ) A repast, or banquet, to which guests are invited, [simply] for food, or for a wedding. (
K.)
A3: See also ذَمَّةٌ.
ذِمَامٌ: see ذِمَّةٌ, in three places. It is also a
pl. of ذِمَّةٌ [as well as
syn. therewith]. (
T.) ذَمِيمٌ Blamed, dispraised, discommended, found fault with, censured, or reprehended; (
S,
M,
Mgh,
Msb,
K;)
i. q. ↓ مَذْمُومٌ; (
T,
M,
Msb,
K;) as also ↓ ذِمٌّ (
T,
K,
TA) and ↓ ذَمٌّ, (
M,
K,
TA,) which last is an
inf. n. used as an
epithet, and, like [its
contr.] حَمْدٌ, is applied to a man and to a place of alighting or sojourning or abiding. (
TA.) [See مُذِمٌّ]
b2: See also ذَمَّةٌ.
b3: Also, applied to water, Disliked, or disapproved. (
S,
K. *)
A2: [
As a
subst.,] Urine and mucus, (
K,) so in the copies of the
K, but correctly, (
TA,) mucus, and urine (
S,
TA) that flows from the penis of the goat: (
S,
K,
TA:) or a fluid that flows from the nose. (
IAar,
T.)
b2: And in like manner, Milk [that flows] from the teats of sheep or goats; (
K;) or, as in some copies of the
S, form the teats of the she-camel; (
TA;) or from the teats of the sheep or goat: (so in one of my copies of the
S: in the other of those copies omitted:) or milk that becomes sprinkled upon the udders: (
Th,
M:) or milk that flows upon the thighs and udders of camels and sheep or goats. (
M.)
b3: Also Dew, (
M,
K,) absolutely; (
TA;)
accord. to
IDrd: (
M:) or dew that falls in the night upon the trees, and upon which dust lights, so that it becomes like bits of clay or mud. (
M,
K.)
b4: And A thing [meaning the sebaceous matter] that comes forth from the pores of the soft part of the nose, like the eggs of ants: (
S:) or pimples, or small pustules, (بَثْرٌ,
T,
K,) or a thing resembling بَثْر, black, or red, (
M,) like the eggs of ants, (
T,
M,) coming forth upon the nose, (
T,) or arising upon the faces (
M,
K) and the noses, (
M,) from heat (
T,
M,
K) or from the scab: (
M,
K:) or the dirty matter that comes forth upon the nose:
n. un. with ة. (
TA.)
b5: And Whiteness upon the nose of a kid. (
Kr,
M,
K.) ذَمَامَةٌ: see ذِمَّةٌ, in two places.
b2: Also Shame, and fear of blame: whence the saying, أَخَذَتْهُ مِنْ صَاحِبِهِ ذَمَامَةٌ [Shame, and fear of blame, with respect to his companion, seized him]: and أَصَابَتْهُ مِنْهُ ذَمَامَةٌ, i. e. Shame and disgrace affected him on account of him, or it. (
TA.) One says also, ↓ أَخَذَتْنِى مِنْهُ مَذَمَّةٌ and ↓ مَذِمَّةٌ, meaning Shame and disgrace by reason of the neglect of that which should be sacred or inviolable, or of that which was entitled to reverence, respect, honour, or defence, or of the obligation or duty, or the right or due, that should be regarded as sacred or inviolable, (مِنْ تَرْكِ الحُرْمَةِ,) [seized me on account of him, or it.] (
S,
K.) ذُمَامَةٌ (assumed
tropical:) A remain, remainder, remaining portion, remnant, or relic. (
K.) [See also ذَمَّآء, below.]
ذِمَامَةٌ: see ذِمَّةٌ, in two places.
بِهِ ذَمِيمَةٌ In him is a crippleness, or a chronic disease, (
K, [in the
CK ذَمانَةٌ is erroneously put for زَمَانَةٌ,]) or an infirmity arising therefrom or from some evil affection, (
M,) that prevents him from going forth. (
M,
K.) أَبْقَى ذَمَّآءَ الصُّبِّ (
tropical:) [He left] the last remains [of what was poured out, or forth, at once]: so in the A. (
TA. [But the last word is there written without any
syll. signs.]) [See also ذُمَامَةٌ.]
ذِمِّىٌّ: see ذِمَّةٌ, in the former half of the paragraph.
ذَمَّامٌ One who blames, dispraises, discommends, &c., much, or often. (
TA.) ذَامٌّ and ذَامٌ, with and without teshdeed, [the latter belonging to art. ذيم,] A vice, fault, defect, or the like. (
As,
T.) [See also ذَمٌّ.]
أَذَمُّ A horse fatigued, and standing still. (
TA.) مَذَمٌّ and مَذِمٌّ: see ذِمَّةٌ, in the latter part of the paragraph.
مُذِّمٌّ A thing blamed, dispraised, &c.; [like ذَمِيمٌ;] or made, or caused, to be faulty, or defective, or to have a vice, fault, defect, or the like; (
S.
K;) as also ↓ مِذَمٌّ. (
K.)
b2: And A man (
S) in whom is no motion. (
S,
K.) مِذَمٌّ: see the next preceding paragraph.
مَذَمَّةٌ, with fet-h only [to the ذ, A cause of blame, dispraise, discommendation, censure, or reprehension; a blamable, or discommendable, quality or action;] a thing for which one is, or is to be, blamed, dispraised, discommended, found fault with, censured, or reprehended:
contr. of مَحْمَدَةٌ: (
S:) [
pl. مَذَامٌّ.] You say, البُخْلُ مَذَمَّةٌ, (
S,
K,) i. e. [Niggardliness is] one of the things for which one is, or is to be, blamed, &c. (
S.) And إِيَّاكَ وَ المَذَامَّ [Beware thou of, or avoid thou, or remove thyself far from, causes of blame, &c.]. (
TA.)
b2: See also ذِمَّةٌ, in six places.
b3: and see ذَمَامَةٌ.
مَذِمَّةٌ: see ذِمَّةٌ, in six places.
b2: And see also ذَمَامَةٌ.
مُذَمَّمٌ A man blamed, dispraised, discommended, found fault with, censured, or reprehended, much. (
S,
K.)
b2: And A place held in reverence, respect, or honour. (
TA.) مَذْمُومٌ: see ذَمِيمٌ, first sentence.
مُسْتَذَمٌّ: see 5, last sentence.
