دنو

1 دَنَا, (T, M, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.,) first Pers\.

دَنَوْتُ, (T, S,) aor. ـْ (T, Msb,) inf. n. دُنُوٌّ (T, S, M, Msb, K) and دَنَاوَةٌ, (M, K,) He, or it, was, or became, near; drew near, or approached; (T, M, Mgh, Msb, K;) as also ↓ ادنى; (IAar, T, K;) and ↓ دنّى, inf. n. تَدْنِــيَةٌ; (IAar, T;) and ↓ دانى, inf. n. مُدَانَاةٌ; (KL, but only the inf. n. is there mentioned;) and ↓ اِدَّنَى, inf. n. اِدِّنَآءٌ: (TA:) it is either in person, or substance, or in respect of predicament, and in place, and in time: (El-Harállee, TA:) you say, دَنَا مِنْهُ, (M, Mgh, Msb,) and دَنَوْتُ مِنْهُ, (T, S,) and إِلَيْهِ, (M, Msb,) and لَهُ, (TA,) and عَلَيْهِ occurs in a verse of Sá'ideh as meaning مِنْهُ, (M,) He, or it, and I, was, or became, near, &c., to him, or it: (T, M, Mgh, Msb:) [and in like manner you use the other verbs mentioned above, except ↓ دانى, which is immediately trans.: or دَنَا مِنْهُ with دَنَاوَةٌ for its inf. n. means, or means also, He was near to him in respect of kindred; was related to him: for] دَنَاوَةٌ is syn. with قَرَابَةٌ (S, M, K) and قُرْبَى: (M, K:) you say, بَيْنَهُمَا دَنَاوَةٌ meaning قَرَابَةٌ [i. e. Between them two is relationship]; (S;) and مَا تَزْدَادُ مِنَّا إِلَّا قُرْبًا وَدَنَاوَةٍ [Thou increasest not save in nearness and relationship to us]. (ISk, T, S.) A rájiz says, مَا لِى أَرَاهُ دَالِفًا قَدْدُنْىَ لَهُ meaning دُنِىَ لَهُ [i. e. What hath happened to me that I see him walking gently or with short steps, or rendered lowly by age, having been approached by death?]: it is from دَنَوْتُ, but the و is changed into ى because of the kesreh before it, and then the ن is made quiescent: and there are similar instances of contraction of verbs: but [ISd says,] I know not دُنْىَ except in this instance; and As used to say of the poem in which this occurs, This rejez is not ancient: it is app. of Khalaf ElAhmar or some other of the Muwelleds. (M.) One says also, دَنَتِ الشَّمْسُ لِلْمَغُرُوبِ and ↓ أَدْنَت [The sun was, or became, near to setting]. (M.) A2: دَنِىَ, (T, M, K, TA, [in the CK, ما كانَ دَنْيَا ولقد دَنا is erroneously put for مَا كَانَ دَنِيًا وَلَقَدْ دَنِىَ,]) like رَضِىَ, (TA,) aor. ـْ (T,) inf. n. دَنًا (T, M, K) and دَنَايَةٌ, (T, K, TA,) or دِنَايَةٌ; (M, accord. to the TT; and so in the CK; [app. a mistranscription occasioned by a misunderstanding of what here follows;]) the ى [in دَنِىَ] being substituted for و because of the nearness of the kesreh; all on the authority of Lh; (M;) and دَنُوَ, aor. ـْ without ء, inf. n. دَنَآءَةٌ, with ء, (ISk, T,) and دُنُوٌّ; (T;) or دَنَا, aor. ـْ inf. n. دَنَاوَةٌ; i. q. دَنَأَ and دَنُؤَ; (Msb;) [i. e.] He (a man, T, M) was, or became, such as is termed ↓ دَنِىٌّ; (T, M, Msb, K;) and دَنِىْءٌ; (Msb;) meaning weak; contemptible (خَسِيسٌ); not profitable to any one; who falls short in everything upon which he enters: (T: [like مُدَنٍّ:]) or low, ignoble, or mean; (سَاقِطٌ;) weak; (M, K;) such as, when night affords him covert, will not quit his place, by reason of weakness: (M:) or low, ignoble, or mean, (لَئِيمٌ,) in his actions, or conduct; bad, evil, or foul; accord. to the explanation of دَنَا by Es-Sarakustee: but some distinguish between دَنِىْءٌ and دَنِىٌّ; making the former to signify “ low, ignoble, or mean; ” (لَئِيمٌ;) and the latter, خَسِيسٌ [app. as meaning contemptible]. (Msb, and so the latter is explained in the Mgh.) 2 دَنَّوَ see 1: A2: and 4. b2: It is said in a trad., سَمُّوا وَ سَمِّتُواوَ دَنُّوا, i.e. [Pronounce ye the name of God, (i. e. say, In the name of God,) and invoke a blessing upon him at whose abode or table ye eat, (see art. سمت,) and] make your words to be near together in praising God. (M.) And in another trad., إِذَا أَكَلْتُمْ فَسَمُّوا اللّٰهَ وَدَنُّوا, i. e. [When ye eat, pronounce the name of God, and] eat of that which is near you: (M:) or إِذَا أَكَلْتُمْ فَدَنُّوا, i. e. [When ye eat,] eat of that which is next you. (S.) b3: دَنَّى, (T, M,) inf. n. تَدْنِــيَةٌ, (T,) also signifies He (a man) sought after mean, paltry, or contemptible, things. (Lh, T, M.) And دنّى فِى الأُمُورِ, (inf. n. as above, S, K,) He pursued small matters, and mean, paltry, or contemptible: (T, S, TA:) in the K, erroneously, and great. (TA.) b4: Also He was, or became, weak; syn. ضَعُفَ. (S and TA in art. دون.) 3 دانى, inf. n. مُدَانَاةٌ: see 1, in two places. You say also, دَانَيْتُ الأَمْرَ I was, or became, near to [doing, or experiencing,] the affair, or event. (M.) b2: دَانَيْتُ القَيْدَ لِلْبَعِيرِ I made the shackles, or hobbles, strait, or contracted, to the camel. (M, K.) And دَانَى القَيْدُ قَيْنَىِ البَعِيرِ (M, TA) The shackles, or hobbles, straitened, or contracted, [the two parts of the camel that were the places thereof.] (TA.) Dhu-r-Rummeh says, دَانَى لَهُ القَيْدُ فِى دَيْمُومَةٍ قَذَفٍ

قَيْنَيْهِ وَانْحَسَرَتْ عَنْهُ الأَنَاعِيمُ [The shackles, or hobbles, straitened to him, in a far-extending, wide desert, the two parts of him that were the places thereof, and enjoyments became removed from him]. (M.) And you say also, دَانَيْتُ بَيْنَ الأَمْرَيْنِ I made the two affairs, or events, to be nearly uninterrupted; syn. قَارَبْتُ: (T, S, Msb:) or I made the two affairs, or events, to be connected; syn. جَمَعْتُ. (M.) 4 ادناهُ He made him, or it, to be, or become, near; to draw near, or to approach; he drew near, or brought near, him, or it; (S, M, Mgh, K;) as also ↓ دنّاهُ, (M, K,) inf. n. تَدْنِــيَةٌ. (K.) b2: [Hence,] أَدْنَتْ ثَوْبَهَا عَلَيْهَا She (a woman) let down her garment upon her, and covered, or veiled, herself with it. (Mgh.) And أَدْنَيْتُ السِّتْرَ I let down the veil, or curtain, [for the purpose of concealment.] (Msb.) It is said in the Kur [xxxiii. 59], يُدْنِينَ عَلَيْهِنّ مِنْ جَلَابِيبِهِنَّ [They shall let down upon them a portion of their outer wrapping-garments]; (Mgh;) meaning they shall let down a portion of their outer wrapping-garments over their faces, when they go forth for their needful purposes, except one eye. (Jel.) A2: ادنى is also intrans.: see 1, in two places. b2: [Hence,] أَدْنَتْ, said of a she-camel, (S, TA,) and of a woman, (TA,) She was, or became, near to bringing forth. (S, TA.) And أَدْنَتْ عَلَى رَأْسِ الوَلَدِ [a phrase similar to أَضْرَعَتْ عَلَى رَأْسِ الوَلَدِ, q. v.]. (Occurring in a verse cited in the TA in art. فكه.) b3: And ادنى He lived a strait life, (IAar, T, K,) after easiness and plenty. (IAar, T.) 5 تدنّــى He (a man, S) drew near, or approached, by little and little. (S, K.) 6 تَدَانَوْا They drew near, or approached, one to another. (S, K.) b2: [Hence,] تدانى It (a thing) drew together, or contracted; or became drawn together or contracted. (M* and L in art. قلص.) b3: And تَدَانَتْ إِبِلُ الرَّجُلَ The camels of the man became few and weak. (M.) 8 اِدَّنَى, inf. n. اِدِّنَآءٌ: see 1.10 اســتدنــاهُ He sought, desired, or demanded, of him, nearness, or approach; (M, K, TA;) he sought, or desired, to make him draw near, or approach: and he drew him near, or caused him to approach. (MA. [See also 4.]) دَنًا inf. n. of دَنِىَ, q. v. (T, M, K.) A2: أَدْنَى دَنًا: see ادنى.

هُوَ ابْنُ عَمّ دِنْىٍ and دِنْيًا and دِنْيَا and ↓ دُنْيَا mean [He is a son of a paternal uncle] closely related; syn. لَحًّا [q. v.]: when you pronounce the د with damm, you do not make the word perfectly decl.: when you pronounce it with kesr, you make it either perfectly or imperfectly decl.: but when you prefix عَمّ to a determinate noun, دِنْى may not be in the gen. case: for instance, you say, هُوَ ابْنُ عَمِّهِ دِنْيًا, i. e. [He is the son of his paternal uncle] closely related; as also ↓ دِنْيَةٌ; because دِنْى, being indeterminate, cannot be an epithet applied to that which is determinate: (S:) and [in like manner] you say, هُوَ ابْنُ عَمِّى, or ابن خَالِى, or ابن عَمَّتِى, or ابن خَالَتِى, or ابن أَخِى, or ابن أُخْتِى, (M, K,) all mentioned by Lh, the last two as on the authority of Aboo-Safwán, but all except the first and second as unknown to Ks and to As, (M,) followed by ↓ دِنْيَةٌ and دِنْيًا and دِنْيَا and ↓ دُنْيَا, (M, K, TA,) the last two without tenween, (TA; [and so written in the M; but in the CK and my MS. copy of the K, in the place of these two is put دُنْيًا, which is disallowed by J;]) meaning [He is the son of my paternal uncle, and the son of my maternal uncle, &c.,] closely related: (M, K:) and ↓ هُوَ عَمُّهُ دُنٌيَا and ↓ دِنْيَةً and دِنْيًا and دِنْيَا [He is his paternal uncle closely related]: (Ks, T:) Lh says that the و is changed into ى in ↓ دِنْيَةً and دِنٌيًا because of the nearness of the kesreh and the weakness of the intervening letter, as is the case in فِتْيَةٌ and عِلْيَةٌ: but it seems that these words are originally ↓ دُنْيَا, i. e., by a relationship, or uterine relationship, nearer to me than others; and that the change of the letter is made only to show that the ى is that of the fem. of أَدْنَى. (M.) You say also, ↓ هُمْ رَهْطُهُ دِنْيَةً

They are his people, and his tribe, closely related. (S and TA in art. رهط.) دِنْيَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in five places.

دُنْيَا fem. of أَدْنَى [q. v.].

دُنْيِىٌّ: see what next follows.

دُنْيَوِىٌّ: see what next follows.

دُنْيَاوِىٌّ [Of, or relating to, the present world, or state of existence; worldly:] a rel. n. from الدُّنْيَا; (T, S;) as also ↓ دُنٌيَوِىٌّ and ↓ دُنْيِىٌّ. (S.) دَنِىٌّ i. q. قَرِيبٌ [as meaning Near, in person, or substance, or in respect of predicament, and in place, and in time: (see 1, first sentence: and see also دَانٍ:) and a relation]: (T, S:) and a friend; or a sincere, or secret, or particular, friend; syn. خُلْصَانٌ. (T.) It has these significations (of قريب and خلصان) in the prov. كُلُّ دَنِىٍّ دُوَنهُ دَنِىٌّ [app. meaning There is a relation, or a friend, nearer than every other relation, or friend; like another prov., namely, دُونَ كُلِّ قُرَيْبَى قُرْبَى, for the meaning and application of which see art. قرب: Freytag renders it, “Quod attinet ad quemlibet propinquum (amicum), præter eum est propinquus:” (Arab. Prov. ii. 357:) and he adds, “ Proverbii sensus esse videtur: Quilibet propinquus seu amicus unicus non est; sed præter eum est alius ”]: (T, Meyd:) so says Az. (Meyd.) b2: See also أَدْنَى.

A2: As an epithet applied to a man, signifying Weak; contemptible; &c.: see 1, near the end of the paragraph: [but J says that] as meaning دُونٌ, it is [دَنِىْءٌ,] with ء: (S:) the pl. is أَدْنِيَآءُ. (T, M.) [In the CK, by a mistranscription mentioned above (voce دَنِىَ), دَنْىٌ is made to signify the same.]

دَنِيَّهٌ A low, or base, quality, property, natural disposition, habit, practice, or action; syn. نَقِيصَةٌ; (Mgh;) or such as is blamed; originally دَنِيْئَةٌ: (TA:) pl. دَنَايَا. (Har p. 327.) Hence the saying of Ibn-Háritheh, المَنِيَّةَ لَا الدَّنِيَّةَ, meaning I choose death rather than, or not, disgrace. (Har ubi suprà.) دَانٍ [Being, or becoming, near; drawing near, or approaching: and hence, near; like دَنِىٌّ:] act. part. n. of دَنَا مِنْهُ. (Msb.) أَدْنَى Nearer, and nearest; opposed to أَقْصَى: (TA:) fem. دُنْيَا; (M, TA;) in which the [radical] و is changed into ى, as in عُلْيَا and قُصْيَا: (ISd, TA voce بُقْوَى:) [the pl. of the masc. is أَدَانٍ and أَدْنَوْنَ; the latter in the accus. and gen. أَدْنَيْنِ: and] the pl. of the fem., دُنًى, (S, K, TA,) like كُبَرٌ pl. of كُبْرَى, and صُغَرٌ pl. of صُغْرَى; (S, TA;) said by some to be extr. and strange [in respect of usage]; and El-Mutanebbee has been blamed for using it; (MF, TA;) but in the case referred to he has used الدُّنَى for الدُّنْيَا, [not as a pl.,] suppressing the ى by poetic license. (TA.) [Hence,] غُلِبَتِ الرُّومُ فِى أَدْنَى

الأَرْضِ, in the Kur xxx. 1 and 2, The Greeks have been overcome in the nearer, or nearest, part of the land. (Bd, Jel.) And الجَمْرَةُ الدُّنْيَا [The nearest heap of pebbles;] the heap of pebbles nearest to Minè. (TA. [See art. جمر.]) and السَّمَآءُ الدُّنْيَا [The nearest heaven; i. e. the lowest;] the heaven that is the nearest to us: (T, TA:) also called سَمَآءُ الدُّنْيَا [which means the heaven of the present world; as will be seen from what follows]. (TA.) See also exs. of the fem. in the paragraph commencing with the words هُوَ ابْنُ عَمٍّ دِنْىٍ, in four places. b2: Also Former, and first; and fore, and foremost; opposed to آخِرٌ. (TA.) [Hence,] ↓ لَقِيتُهُ أَدْنَى دَنِىٍّ (S, K, TA) and ↓ أَدْنَى دَنًا, (K, TA, [in the CK, erroneously, ادنى دَنّىٰ and ادنى دَنِىٍّ,]) i. e. I met him the first thing. (S, K.) [And أَدْنَى الفَمِ The fore, or foremost, part of the mouth.] And الدُّنْيَا [ for الدَّارُ الدُّنْيَا, and الحَيَاةُ الدُّنْيَا, The former dwelling, or abode, and life; i. e. the present world, and life, or state of existence]; contr. of الآخِرَةُ: (M, K:) [or] it is so called because of its nearness: (T, S:) [and may be rendered the sublunary abode, &c.: and the inferior abode, &c. It also signifies The enjoyments, blessings, or good, of the present world, or life; worldly blessings or prosperity, &c.] And sometimes it is with tenween, (K, TA,) when used indeterminately: (TA:) [thus,] IAar mentions the saying مَا لَهُ دُنْيًا وَ لَا آخِرَةٌ [as meaning He has none of the enjoyments, or blessings, of the present world, nor in prospect any enjoyments, or blessings, of the world to come]; with tenween. (M, TA.) And you say, بَاعَ دُنْيَاهُ بِآخِرَتِهِ [He purchased his enjoyments of the present world at the expense of his enjoyments of the world to come]. (Z, TA in art. بيع.) And اَبْنُ الدُّنْيَا means The rich man. (Msb in art. بنى.) b3: Also More, and most, apt, fit, or proper: thus in the Kur [xxxiii. 59], in the phrase ذٰلِكَ أَدْنَى أَنْ يُعَرَفْنَ [That will be more, or most, apt, fit, or proper, that they may be known]; (Ksh, Mgh;) i. e., that they may be known to be free women, as distinguished from female slaves, who did not cover their faces. (Jel.) b4: Also Less [in number or quantity &c.], and least [therein]; opposed to أَكْثَرُ. (TA.) وَلَا أَدْنَى مِنْ ذٰلِكَ وَلَاأَكْثَرَ, in the Kur [lviii. 8], means Nor less in number than that, nor more in number. (Bd.) and وَلَنُذِيقَنَّهُمْ مِنَ الْعَذَابِ الْأَدْنَى دُونَ الْعَذَابِ الْأَكْبَرِ, in the Kur [xxxii. 21, lit. And we will assuredly make them to taste of the smaller punishment besides the greater punishment], means, accord. to Zj, whatever punishment is inflicted in the present world and the punishment of the world to come. (M.) b5: Also Worse, [or inferior in quality,] and worst; or more, and most, low, ignoble, base, vile, mean, or weak; opposed to خَيْرٌ. (TA.) It is said in the Kur [ii. 58], أَتَسْتَبْدِلُونَ الَّذِى هُوَ

أَدْنَى بِالَّذِى هُوَ خَيْرٌ [Will ye take in exchange that which is worse, or inferior, for that which is better? or], accord. to Zj, meaning that which is less in value [for that which is better]? ادنى

being thus, without ء: Fr says that it is here from الدَّنَآءَةٌ: and Zuheyr El-Kurkubee [or (accord. to some) El-Furkubee] read أَدْنَأُ. (T.) مُدْنٍ and مُدْنِيَةٌ, applied to a she-camel, (M, K,) and to a woman, (M,) Near to bringing forth. (M, K.) مُدَنٍّ, applied to a man, Weak; (S, TA;) contemptible (خَسِيسٌ); not profitable to any one; who falls short in everything upon which he enters; [like دَنِىٌّ;] (TA;) or falling short of accomplishing that which it behooves him to do: (AHeyth, T:) also, for the sake of rhyme, [by poetic license,] written مُدَنْ. (T.)

دنق

1 دَنَقَ, aor. ـُ and دَنِقَ, inf. n. دُنُوقٌ, He pursued small, little, or minute, things. (JK, Ibn-'Abbád, Z, K. [See also 2.]) [Two other significations assigned to دَنَقَ in the CK and in the Lexicons of Golius and Freytag belong to دَنَّقَ.]2 دنّق, (S, Mgh, TA,) inf. n. تَدْنِــيقٌ, (Mgh, K,) He went to the utmost point [in his dealings &c.]: (S, K, TA:) he was minute, observant of small things, nice, or scrupulous: (Mgh:) he examined minutely into his dealings and expenses. (So accord. to an explanation of the act. part. n. in the TA.) Hence the saying, لَا تُدَنَّــقُوا فَيُدَنَّقَ عَلَيْكُمْ [Go not ye to the utmost point against others, for in that case the utmost point may be gone to against you]. (S, TA.) And the saying of El-Hasan, (Mgh, TA,) لَعَنَ اللّٰهُ الدَّانَقَ وَ مَنْ دَنَّقَ, (TA,) or وَ مَنْ دَنَّقَ بِهِ, (Mgh,) [May God curse the دانق and him who has been minute, &c., in his dealings, or and him who has been minute, &c., therewith;] as though he meant to forbid the considering and examining a paltry or contemptible thing: (TA:) or, as some relate it, وَ أَوَّلَ مَنْ

أَحْدَثَ الدَّانَقَ [and the first who innovated the دانَق], meaning El-Hajjáj. (Mgh.) b2: [Hence,] تَدْنِــيقٌ, metonymically, signifies (tropical:) The being niggardly, stingy, or avaricious. (Az, TA.) b3: Also The continuing to look at a thing; (S, K;) as also تَرْنِيقٌ: [or rather each has this signification elliptically; for] you say, دنّق إِلَيْهِ النَّظَرَ and رنّق [meaning He continued looking at it]. (S.) [See رَنَّقَ.] And in like manner, The looking weakly. (S, TA.) And دنّق بَصَرَهُ He looked hard, and sharply, or intently. (JK.) b4: Also (tropical:) The approaching of the sun to setting. (S, K, TA.) You say, دنّقت الشَّمْسُ (tropical:) The sun became near to setting. (JK, TA. [See also رنّقت.]) b5: And دنّق (tropical:) He (a man) died: (JK, TA:) or (tropical:) he was near to dying; inf. n. as above. (TA.) b6: And دنّقت عَيْنُهُ, (JK, K, TA, [accord. to the CK دَنَقَتْ, which is wrong,]) inf. n. تَدْنِــيقٌ, (S, TA,) (tropical:) His eye sank, or became depressed, in his head: (JK, S, K, TA:) or, accord. to Az, the more correct explanation is, the ball, or globe, of his eye became prominent, and apparent. (TA.) b7: And دنّق وَجْهُهُ, (Lth, K, TA, [in the CK, erroneously, دَنَقَ,]) inf. n. تَدْنِــيقٌ, (Lth, TA,) His face exhibited emaciation, arising from fatigue or disease. (Lth, K, TA.) دُنُوقٌ [a pl. of which the sing. is not mentioned] Persons niggardly, or parsimonious, in expenditure, towards their households (IAar, K, TA) and themselves. (IAar, TA.) دَنِيقٌ One who alights by himself, (TA,) and eats by himself in the daytime, and in the moonlight by night, last the guest should see him: (K, TA:) mentioned by IAar, on the authority of Abu-I-Mekárim: and so كِيصٌ and صُوصٌ. (TA.) دَانَقٌ: see the next paragraph.

دَانِقٌ Foolish; stupid; having little, or no, intellect, or understanding: (K:) and so دَائِقٌ. (TA.) b2: (tropical:) A thief. (JK, Ibn-'Abbád, K, TA.) b3: Emaciated and falling down, or emaciated and tottering; expl. by مَهْزُولٌ سَاقِطٌ: (AA, S, K:) or falling down, or tottering, (سَاقِطٌ,) by reason of emaciation: (JK:) applied to a man (AA, K) and to a she-camel. (K.) b4: Having a constant, or chronic, disease, and oppressed thereby so as to be at the point of death. (AA, TA.) A2: Also, and ↓ دَانَقَ, (JK, S, Mgh, Msb, K,) the former, accord. to some, the more chaste, arabicized [from the Pers\. دَانْك or دَانَك], (Msb,) and ↓ دَانَاقٌ, (JK, S, K,) like as they said دِرْهَمٌ and دِرْهَامٌ, (S,) [but دَانَاقٌ seems to have been disallowed by Sb, either as unused or as post-classical,] The sixth part of a dirhem (or drachm); (S, Msb, K;) [i. e.] two carats; (Mgh;) [i. e.] two grains of the خُرْنُوب [or carob], with the ancient Greeks, for the dirhem with them was twelve grains of the خرنوب; but the دانق of the Muslims is two grains of the خرنوب and two thirds of a grain of the خرنوب, for the dirhem of the Muslims is sixteen grains of the خرنوب: (Msb:) and the sixth part of the deenár: (TA: [but this I find nowhere else: see دِينَارٌ: and see also رِطْلٌ:]) the pl. of دانق is دَوَانِقُ and دَوَانِيقُ; (Mgh, TA;) the former is said by Az to be pl. of دَانِقٌ; and the latter, of دَانَقٌ; and it is said that every pl. of the measure فَوَاعِلُ or مَفَاعِلُ may be lengthened with ى so that one may say فَوَاعِيلُ and مَفَاعِيلُ: (Msb:) or, accord. to Sb, دَوَانِيقُ is pl. of ↓ دَانَاقٌ, though this be not in their speech. (TA.) [Also A small silver coin, the sixth part of the coin called دِرْهَم.] The dim. is ↓ دُوَيْنِيقٌ. (TA.) دَانَاقٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places.

دَوَانِقِىٌّ [rel. n. from دَوَانِقُ pl. of دَانِقٌ], (ElMekeen, “Hist. Sarac. ” p. 104,) or دَوَانِيقِىٌّ [rel. n. from دَوَانِيقُ pl. of دَانَاقٌ], (TA,) [Of, or belonging or relating to, dániks: and hence,] a surname of the 'Abbásee Khaleefeh Aboo-Jaáfar El-Mansoor; (El-Mekeen, TA;) because of his extreme niggardliness. (El-Mekeen.) دُوَينِيْقٌ: see دَانِقٌ, last sentence.

مُدَنِّقٌ One who examines minutely into his dealings and expenses: used in this sense by the people of El-'Irák. (TA.) b2: عَيْنٌ مُدَنِّقَةٌ An eye of which the ball, or globe, is prominent, and apparent: so accord. to Az; and Az holds this to be the correct explanation, rather than an eye sunk, or depressed, in the head. (TA.)

دنس

1 دَنِسَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. دَنَسٌ (S, A, K) and دَنَاسَةٌ, (K,) It (a garment, S, A, K) was, or became, dirty, filthy, foul, sullied, defiled, or polluted; (S, M, A, K;) as also ↓ تدنّــس: (S, M, A:) and in like manner (tropical:) said of a man's honour, (K, TA,) and (tropical:) of his disposition. (TA.) 2 دنّسهُ, (S, M, A, K,) inf. n. تَدْنِــيسٌ, (S, K,) He, or it, made it (namely a garment, S, A, K) dirty, filthy, or foul; sullied, defiled, or polluted, it. (S, M, A, K.) And in like manner, دنّس عِرْضَهُ (tropical:) [He sullied his honour;] he did to him that which disgraced him. (A, K.) And دنّسهُ سُوْءُ خُلُقِهِ (tropical:) [The evilness of his disposition sullied his honour]. (A, TA.) 5 تَدَنَّــسَ see 1.

دَنَسٌ Dirt; filth; soil, or pollution: (S, M, A, K:) pl. أَدْنَاسٌ. (M.) [Hence,] هُوَ يَتَصَوَّنُ مِنَ الأَدْنَاسُ (tropical:) [He preserves his honour from pollutions], and ↓ مِنَ المَدَانِسِ (tropical:) [from causes of pollution, مَدَانِسُ being pl. of ↓ مَدْنَسَةٌ, a noun of the same kind as مَبْخَلَةٌ and مَجْبَنَةٌ]. (A, TA.) دَنِسٌ Dirty, filthy, foul, sullied, defiled, or polluted: (M, K:) [pl. أَدْنَاسٌ, agreeably with analogy, and دُنَسَآءُ, contr. to analogy; but the latter is perhaps post-classical.] You say, قَوْمٌ

أَدْنَاسٌ and ↓ مَدَانِيسٌ [A people dirty, filthy, &c.; both in a proper and in a tropical sense]. (K.) And هُوَ دَنِسُ المُرُوْءَةِ and الثِّيَابِ and الجَيْبِ and الأَرْدَانِ (tropical:) [He is foul in character, conduct, or the like]. (A.) مَدْنَسَةٌ; and its pl. مَدَانِسُ: see دَنَسٌ.

مَدَانِيسٌ: see دَنِسٌ.

دنر

2 دَنَّرَ, (T, M, K,) inf. n. تَدْنِــيرٌ; (K;) and ↓ تدنّــر; (A;) (tropical:) It (a man's face) glistened (T, M, A, K) like a دِينَار. (TA.) b2: دُنِّرَ He (a man, TA) had many دَنَانِير [pl. of دِينَار]. (K.) b3: See also the pass. part. n., below.5 تَدَنَّــرَ see 2.

دُنَيْنِيرٌ: see the next paragraph.

دِينَارٌ, an arabicized word, (M, K,) from the Persian [دِينَارْ], (M,) or from دِينْ آرْ, meaning “ the law brought it ” [into being or circulation]: (Er-Rághib:) some say, (TA,) its original is دِنَّارٌ; one of its ن being changed into ى (S, Msb, K,) to render it more easy to be pronounced, (Msb,) or that it may not be confounded with inf. ns., such as كِذَّابٌ; (S, K;) and hence its pl. is دَنَانِيرُ, (M, Msb,) and its dim. ↓ دُنَيْنِيرٌ: (M:) this is the opinion generally obtaining: others say that it is of the measure فِيعَالٌ; but this opinion is contradicted by the absence of the ى in [the second syllable of] the pl.; for were it so, its pl. would be like دَيَامِيسُ, pl. of دِيمَاسٌ: (Msb:) [it is the name of A certain gold coin;] its weight is seventy-one barley-corns and a half, nearly, reckoning the دَانِق as eight grains of wheat and two fifths; but if it be said that the دانق is eight grains of wheat, then the دينار is sixty-eight grains of wheat and four sevenths: it is the same as the مَثْقَال. (Msb.) شَرَابٌ دِينَارِىٌّ A kind of wine or beverage, so called in relation to Ibn-Deenár el-Hakeem, or because like the دينار in its redness. (TA.) مُدَنَّرٌ, applied to a دِينَار, (M, K,) and to gold, (TA,) Coined. (M, K, TA.) b2: Also A man having many دَنَانِير [pl. of دِينَار]. (M, K.) b3: Also (tropical:) A horse having specks, or small spots, exceeding what are termed بَرَشٌ: (AO, T, S, M, K:) or having black and white spots like دَنَانِير: (Mgh:) or having a spotting (↓ تَدْنِــير) of black intermixed with whiteness predominating over blackness: (TA:) and of a white colour predominating over blackness, with a round blackness intermixed with the former colour upon his back and rump: (M:) or of a white hue intermixed with red, (أَصْهَبُ,) marked with round black spots. (A.) b4: Also (tropical:) A garment, or piece of cloth, with marks, or figures, like دَنَانِير. (A.)

دنر: دنّر (بالتشديد): ذكرت في معجم فوك في مادة معناها: أشرق وتلل وانظر: مُدنّر.
ودنّر: غطى الموضع بالدنانير، ففي القلائد (ص: 113): وكان النرجس يغطي الوادي كأنه الدنانير.
تَدَنّــر: ذكرت في معجم فوك في مادة لاتينية معناها أشرق تلل.
دنورة: حسون، أبو الحسن، شويكي (بوشر).
دنانير، دنانير بيض: وقد أحسن فريتاج تفسيرها وهي موجودة في لطائفه (ص118).
دنانير جيشية: دنانير تصوف في عطاء الجند وهي اكثر وزناً من الدنانير العادية (زيشر 9: 608).
دينار دراهم: دينار من الفضة قيمته ربع دينار المغرب، وتقدر قيمته بنحو ثلاثة فرنكات (رسالة إلى فليشر ص12).
دينار من صفر: قطعة من نحاس مستديرة في حجم الدينار (الكالا).
دينار الصلات (دي ساسي لطائف 3: 50) ولم يفهم هذا العالم معناها. وهو دينار ضربه سيف الدولة للهدايا وقد نقش عليه اسمه كما نقشت صورته وقيمته عشرة دنانير عادية. ويقول دي سلان (تاريخ البربر الترجمة 2: 252) أن كلمة دينار عَشُري التي نجدها أحياناً عند المؤلفين المغاربة تدل على نفس هذا المعنى. ففي تاريخ البربر (1: 355).
وفي كتاب الخطيب (ص26و): كتب إليه أن المنهوب من ماله يعدل أربعة آلاف دينار عشرية. (مختصر برلين لا يذكر كلمة عشرية)، وفي مخطوطة كوبنهاجن المجهولة الهوية (ص114): فأعطى لابن المعلمة خمسين ديناراً عشرية. وفي عقد غرناطة (888 هـ): وباعها منه بثمانية دنانير فضة عشرية.
دنانير صورية: دنانير مدينة صور، وكان يتعامل بها في الشام والعراق أيام الحروب الصلبية وهي أكثر وزناً من الدنانير العلوية. وهي ما كان يسميه المؤرخون الغربيون Besantii Saracenati ( بيزنتي سراسناتي) وأقدم هذه الدنانير تقليد أصيل للدنانير الفاطمية. وبعد ذلك في عهد بابوية انوسنت الرابع توقف ضرب هذه النقود لتحرير جماعة الاكليروس لها وتهديدهم بحرمان من يستعملها. ومنذ ذلك الحين تحول الدينار البيزنطي المعرب وترجمت الكلمات النصرانية عليه إلى العربية من غير أن يفقد شكله الأصلي. انظر النقود العربية التي ضربها الصليبيون في سوريا لمؤلمة لافو. فهو يرى إنه يمكن نسبه ضرب هذا الدنانير إلى أهل مدينة البندقية، وهو ينقل من عدة سجلات قديمة ما يؤيد إنه كان لهؤلاء التجار المهرة مضرب للنقود في صور وآخر في سنت جان دارك.
ودينار: ضرب من الحلية. انظر ابن جبير (ص238) فهو يتحدث على حلى ذهبية (دنانير) كبيرة في حجم الكف.
ألف دينار: كزبرة الثعلب. انظره في مادة ألف.
ديناري. ورق ديناري: ورق دِنَر، علامة من علامات ورق اللعب مربعة (بوشر).
دِيْناروية: نبات غير معروف في المغرب (معجم المنصوري، (ابن البيطار 1: 467) حيث عليك أن تقرأ الحزا) وهي أيضاً مشكوك في صحتها. مُدَّنر، ثوب مدّنر: مبرقش، منقش بنقوش صغار حمر (بوشر)، وفي محيط المحيط: والثوب المدنّر عند المولدين ما كان فيه نقش مستدير كالدينار.
ومدنّر: متلألئ كالدينار. ففي المقري (3: 27) والزهر بين مُدَرهم ومدنر.

دن

أ1 دَنَأَ, aor. ـَ and دَنُؤَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. دَنَآءَةٌ, (Az, Lh, T, S, M, Msb, K,) of the former verb, and of the latter also, (Az, Lh, T, M,) and دُنُوْءٌ, of the former, (Fr, T,) or of the latter, (Az, T,) and [of the latter] دُنُوْءَةٌ; (S, K;) He (a man) was, or became, low, ignoble, or mean, in his actions; and cared not for what he did, nor for what was said to him: (ISk and T in explanation of the former verb, and S in explanation of both verbs:) or the former verb, (Az, T,) or each, (Lh, T, M, K,) he was, or became, bad, corrupt, or foul, in respect of the belly and the genital member [i. e. in respect of appetite for food and for sexual enjoyment]; not caring for what he did, nor for what was said to him: (Az, Lh, T, M, K:) and the former verb, (S) or each, (M, K,) [accord. to some,] he was, or became, such as is termed دَنِىْءٌ, i. e. خَسِيسٌ [app. as meaning contemptible]; (S, M, K;) like دَنَا, aor. ـْ inf. n. دَنَاوَةٌ; (Msb;) and destitute of good: (S:) but some make a distinction between the verbs with ء and the verb without ء; saying that the meaning “ he was, or became, خسيس ” is that of دنا, without ء; (T, Msb;) and the truth is, that the verbs with ء have the meanings assigned to them by Az and Lh; (T;) or signify he was, or became, low, ignoble, or mean: (Msb:) or these two verbs also signify, (K,) or signify as some say, (M,) he was one in whom was little or no good; contemned or contemptible, mean, paltry, or of no weight or worth. (M, K.) A2: دَنِئَ, (M, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. دَنَأْ, (S, M,) He was, or became, hump-backed. (S, M, K. *) 4 ادنأ He committed an action such as is termed دَنِىْءَ. (M, K. *) 5 تدنّــأهُ He, or it, incited him to دَنَآءَة [i. e. low, ignoble, or mean, conduct; &c.: see دَنَأَ and دَنُؤَ, of which دَنَآءَة is an inf. n.]. (K.) دَنِىْءٌ (Az, Lh, T, S, M, Msb, K) and ↓ دَانِئٌ, (Lh, T, S, * M, K,) applied to a man, Low, ignoble, or mean, in his actions; not caring for what he does, nor for what is said to him: (S:) or bad, corrupt, or foul, in respect of the belly and the genital member [i. e. in respect of appetite for food and for sexual enjoyment]; not caring for what he does, nor for what is said to him: (Az, Lh, T, M, K:) and [accord. to some,] i. q. خَسِيسٌ [app. as meaning contemptible]; (S, M, K;) like دَنِىٌّ, without ء; (Msb;) and destitute of good: (S:) but some make a distinction between دَنِىْءٌ and دَنِىٌّ; saying that the latter means خسيس; (T, Msb;) and the former, as explained by Az and Lh; and this is the truth; (T;) or that دَنِىْءٌ means لَئِيمٌ [i. e. low, ignoble, or mean, as contr. of كَرِيمٌ]: (Msb:) دَنِىْءٌ is also applied to an action: (M, K: * [see 4:]) and signifies likewise, (K,) or as some say, and so ↓ دَانِئٌ, (M,) one in whom is little or no good; contemned or contemptible, mean, paltry, or of no weight or worth: (M, K:) the pl. of دَنِىْءٌ is أَدْنِيَآءُ, (Az, T, M,) or أَدْنِئَآءُ, (Lh, T, TA,) or أَدْنَآءٌ, (K, TA,) like أَشْرَافٌ pl. of شَرِيفٌ, (TA,) and دُنَآءٌ, (K,) which is anomalous, (TA,) or دُنَأءُ. (M.) دَنِيْئَةٌ A low, or base, quality, property, natural disposition, habit, practice, or action; syn. نَقِيصَةٌ; (S, K;) or such as is blamed; also pronounced دَنِيَّةٌ. (TA in art. دنو, q. v.) دَانِئٌ: see دَنِىْءٌ, in two places.

أَدْنَأُ [More, and most, low, ignoble, or mean, in his actions; &c.]. You say, هُوَ أَدْنَأُ مِنْهُ [He is more low, &c., than he]. (Zj, T.) Fr says that أَدْنَى in the Kur ii. 58 is [for أَدْنَأُ,] derived from دَنَآءَةٌ: accord. to one reading, it is أَدْنَأُ. (TA.) A2: Applied to a man, (M,) Hump-backed: (S, M, K: *) fem. دَنْأَى. (K, * TA.)

قرب

1 قَرُبَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. قُرْبٌ (S, Mgh, O, Msb *) and قُرْبَةٌ and قَرَابَةٌ and قُرْبَى (Mgh, Msb) and مَقْرَبَةٌ, (Mgh,) [to which may be added some other syns. mentioned below with قُرْبٌ and قَرَابَةٌ,] It, and he, was, or became, near; (S, Mgh, O;) syn. دَنَا; (S, O;) contr. of بَعُدَ: (Mgh:) or قُرْبٌ is in place, and قُرْبَةٌ is in station, or grade, or rank, and قَرَابَةٌ and قُرْبَى are in الرَّحِم [meaning relationship, or relationship by the female side]; (Mgh, Msb, TA;) or, accord. to the T, قَرَابَةٌ is in النَّسَب [app. relationship in a general sense], and قُرْبَى is in الرَّحِم [app. as meaning relationship by the female side]: (TA:) You say, قَرُبَ مِنْهُ, (A, MA, Msb, K,) and إِلَيْهِ; (A;) and قَرِبَهُ, (S, MA, O, K,) aor. ـَ (S, K;) inf. n. (of the former verb, Msb) قُرْبٌ, (Msb, K,) or قُرْبٌ and قُرْبَةٌ &c. as above, (Msb,) or قُرْبٌ and مَقْرَبَةٌ and مَقْرُبَةٌ; (MA;) and (of the latter verb, S, MA, O) قِرْبَانٌ (S, MA, O, K) and قُرْبَانٌ; (K;) he (a man, S, O) was, or became, near to it; (S, A, MA, O, K;) syn. دَنَا: (S, A, O, K:) or the former verb means thus; but when one says لَا تَقْرَبْ كَذَا with fet-h to the ر, the meaning is, occupy not thyself with doing such a thing: (MF, TA, &c.:) or قَرِبْتُ الأَمْرَ, aor. ـَ and قَرَبْتُهُ, aor. ـُ i. e., like تَعِبَ and like قَتَلَ, inf. n. قِرْبَانٌ, signifies I did the thing, or affair; or I was, or became, near, or I approached, to it, or to doing it [or to doing something with it or to it]: an ex. of the former meaning is the saying [in the Kur xvii. 34], لَا تَقْرَبُوا الزِّنَا [Commit not ye fornication, or adultery; or, accord. to some, this is an ex. of the latter meaning]; and hence one says, قَرِبْتُ المَرْأَةَ, inf. n. قِرْبَانٌ, a metonymical phrase, meaning I compressed the woman: and an ex. of the latter meaning is the saying, لَا تَقْرَبُوا الحِمَى i. e. لَا تَدْنُــوا مِنْهُ [meaning Approach not ye to doing, or to entering upon, the thing, or place, that is prohibited, or interdicted]. (Msb.) And the Arabs say, of a man, when a thing has disquieted, or disturbed, and grieved, him, أَخَذَهُ مَا قَرُبَ وَمَا بَعُدَ, as though meaning (assumed tropical:) He became, or has become, disquieted by reason of near and remote circumstances of his case: (O:) or recent and old griefs took hold upon him. (Mgh in art. قدم. [See art. بعد.]) دَنَا مِنِّى وَقَرُبَ is expl. by Zj as meaning He drew near to me and drew nearer. (T in art. دلو: see 5 in that art.) [And several other verbs belonging to this art. are syn., or nearly so, with قَرُبَ or with قَرِبَ in senses expl. above. Thus ↓ اقرب is syn. with قَرُبَ in the first of the senses expl. above, like as أَدْنَى is with دَنَا, for its inf. n.]

الإِقْرَابُ signifies الدُّبُوُّ. (TA.) ↓ اقترب, also, is syn. with قَرُبَ in the first of the senses expl. above; (MA;) [i. e.] it is syn. with دَنَا: (Msb:) or it is syn. with ↓ تقارب, (S, O, K, TA,) signifying he, or it, drew near; (TA;) thus ↓ وَاقْتَرَبَ الوَعْدُ [in the Kur xxi. 97] signifies تقارب [meaning And the fulfilment of the promise shall draw near]: (S, O, TA:) and you say, اقترب مِنِّى

[meaning He drew near to me]: (A:) it is also said that is has a more particular signification than قَرُبَ; for it denotes intensiveness in القُرْب; thus says Ibn-'Arafeh; probably meaning that it denotes labour and difficulty in the accomplishment of the act. (MF, TA.) ↓ تقرّب [likewise] is syn. with [قَرُبَ, i. e.] دَنَا, in the phrase تقرّب مِنْهُ: (O: [see قَرُبَ مِنْهُ:]) or it signifies he drew near, or approached, by little and little, (تَدَنَّــى,) to a thing. (TA.) And الشَّىْءَ ↓ قارب, (ISd, TA,) or الأَمْرَ, (Msb,) [like قَرِبَهُ in many instances,] signifies He was, or became, near, or he approached, to the thing, or affair, or to doing it. (ISd, Msb, TA.) b2: قَرُبَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. قُرْبٌ signifies also (assumed tropical:) He formed an opinion that was near to certainty. (MF.) b3: In the phrase قَرَبَتِ الشَّمْسُ لِلْمَغِيبِ [meaning The sun was, or became, near to setting], like كَرَبَت, the ق is asserted by Yaakoob to be a substitute for ك. (TA.) A2: قَرَبَ, aor. ـُ inf. in. قِرَابَةٌ, He (a man) journeyed to water, there being between him and it a night's journey. (S, O.) [See also أَقْرَبَ القَوْمُ. Or,] accord. to Lth, you say, قَرَبُوا, aor. ـُ inf. n. قَرَبٌ [q. v.], meaning They, after pasturing their camels in the tract between them and the wateringplace, and journeying on during a part of the time until there remained between them and the water a night, or an evening, hastened in their course. (TA.) And قَرَبَ الإِبِل [in some copies of the K الإِبِلَ and in others الإِبِلُ], aor. ـُ inf. n. قِرَابَةٌ; thus in the K; but accord. to Th, قَرَبَتِ الإِبِلُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. قَرَبٌ; (TA;) i. e. The camels journeyed by night in order to arrive at the water on the morrow: (K, * TA:) and [a man says, of himself,] قَرَبْتُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. قِرَابَةٌ. (TA.) b2: And قَرَبْتُ المَآءَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. قَرَبٌ, so in the Fs [of Th, meaning I journeyed to the water by night in order to reach it on the following morning]. (TA.) [Or] you say, قَرَبُوا المَآءَ, meaning They sought, or sought to attain, the water. (A.) b3: And [hence] one says, فُلَانٌ يَقْرُبُ حَاجَتُهُ, meaning (assumed tropical:) Such a one seeks, or seeks to attain, the object of his want; from the seeking, or seeking to attain, the water: and hence the saying, in a trad., وَإِنْ نَقْرُبُ بِذٰلِكَ إِلَّا أَنْ نَحْمَدَ اللّٰهَ (assumed tropical:) We not seeking thereby [aught] save our praising God: thus expl. by El-Khattábee. (Az, TA.) [Hence, also,] one says قَدْ قَرَبَ أَمْرًا لَا أَدْرِى مَا هُوَ (tropical:) [He has sought to accomplish an affair, I know not what it is]: (A, O: *) and فُلَانٌ يَقْرُبُ أَمْرًا لَا يَسْهُلُ لَهُ (tropical:) [Such a one seeks to accomplish an affair that will not be easy to him]. (A.) فُلَانٌ يَقْرُبُ أَمْرًا means (assumed tropical:) Such a one seeks, desires, or aims at, [the accomplishment of] an affair, when he does a deed, or says a saying, with that object. (T, O, TA.) A3: قَرَبَ السَّيْفَ, (S, O,) inf. n. قَرْبٌ; (K;) and ↓ اقربهُ, (O,) inf. n. إِقْرَابٌ; (K;) He put the sword into the قِرَاب [q. v.]: (S, O, K:) or the former, (accord. to the K,) or ↓ the latter, (accord. to the S and TA,) he made for the sword a قِرَاب: (S, K, TA:) or ↓ the latter has both of these significations: (O:) or the former verb is said of a sword or of a knife in the former sense; and in like manner ↓ the latter verb in the latter sense: or the former phrase signifies he made for the sword a قِرَاب; and ↓ the latter phrase, he put the sword into its قِرَاب: and one says, قِرَابًا ↓ قرّب and ↓ اقربهُ, meaning he made a قِرَاب. (TA.) A4: قَرْبٌ [as an inf. n. of which the verb is قَرَبَ] also signifies The feeding a guest with the أَقْرَاب (O, K, TA) meaning flanks [of an animal or of animals, pl. of قُرْبٌ or قُرُبٌ]. (TA.) A5: And قَرِبَ, (O, K,) with kesr to the ر, (O,) like فَرِح, (K,) [aor. ـَ inf. n. app. قَرَبٌ,] He (a man, TA) had a complaint (O, K) of his قُرْب or قُرُب, (K,) [i. e.] of his flank; (O;) as also ↓ قرّب, (O, * K, [in the former this verb is only indicated by the mention of its inf. n.,]) inf. n. تَقْرِيبٌ. (O, K.) 2 قرّبهُ, inf. n. تَقْرِيبٌ, He made, or caused, to be, or become, near, caused to approach, or brought, or drew, near, him, or it. (S, O, Msb. *) [Hence the phrase قَرَّبَ اللّٰهُ دَارَكَ, which see in what follows.] b2: [And hence, He made him to be a near associate; he made him an object of, or took him into, favour: and (agreeably with an explanation of the pass. in the Ham p. 184) he made him, or rendered him, an object of honour.] One says, قَرَّبَهُ مِنْهُ meaning He (a king, or a governor, or prince, [or any other person who was either a superioror an equal,]) made him to be to him a قُرْبَان, i. e. [a near associate, or] a consessor, or a particular, or special, associate or companion [&c.: see قُرْبَانٌ]. (TA.) b3: قَرَّبَهُ إِلَيْهِمْ, in the Kur li. 27, means He presented it, or offered it, to them: (Jel:) or he placed it, or put it, before them. (Bd.) And one says also, قرّب خَصْمَهُ إِلَى السُّلْطَانِ [He brought, or placed, his adversary before the Sultán]. (Mgh in art. رفع.) And ↓ قرّب لِلّٰهِ قَرْبَانًا [He offered, or presented, to God, an offering, or oblation]. (S, O: in the Msb, إِلَى اللّٰهِ.) b4: حَيَّا وَقَرَّبَ, (A, O,) inf. n. تَقْرِيبٌ, (K,) signifies (tropical:) He said, حَيَّاكَ اللّٰهُ وَقَرَّبَ دَارَكَ [May God preserve thee alive, or prolong thy life, and make thine abode to be near]: (A, O, K:) one says thus of a host to a visitor. (TA.) b5: And التَّقْرِيبُ signifies also The denoting nearness. (Mughnee and K * voce أَوْ, and Kull pp.82 and 83 and 124.) Thus what is termed تَصْغِيرُ التَّقْرِيبِ [The diminutive denoting nearness] is such as occurs in the saying, دَارِى قُبَيْلَ المَسْجِدِ [“ My house is a little before the mosque ”]. (Kull p. 124.) b6: And The advancing an argument in such a manner as renders the desired conclusion a necessary consequence. (MF.) b7: and A certain sort of عَدْو [or running] (S, O, K) of a horse: (S, O:) one says, of a horse, قرّب, inf. n. تَقْرِيبٌ, (S, A, O,) meaning he raised his fore legs together and put them down together (S, O, K *) in running: (S, O:) or he ran [as though] pelting the ground [with his hoofs]: (Az, TA:) and it is also said of other animals than the horse: but not of the camel: (MF:) [one sort of] التقريب is [a rate] less than الحُضْرُ; (S, A, O;) and more than الخَبَبُ: (El-Ámidee, MF:) there are two sorts of تقريب, called أَعْلَى

[which is a gallop] and أَدْنَى [which is a canter]: (S, O:) the former is termed الثَّعْلَبِيَّةُ; and the latter, الإِرْخَآءُ. (TA.) A2: See also 1, near the end, in two places.3 قَارَبْتُهُ, inf. n. مُقَارَبَةٌ [and قِرَابٌ], I was, or became, near to him, or it; contr. of بَاعَدْتُهُ. (Msb.) See 1, near the middle of the paragraph. b2: One says of a vessel, (S, O, K,) قارب أَنْ يَمْتَلِئَ (S, O) or قارب الاِمْتِلَآءَ (K) [It was, or became, near to being full]: قارب [thus used] is the verb from قَرْبَانُ [q. v.], and قَرُبَ is not used in its stead. (Sb, TA.) And one says also, قارب مِلْأَهُ [It was, or became, nearly equal, or it nearly amounted, to what would fill it]. (Msb.), And قارب قَدْرَهُ [It was, or became, nearly equal, or equivalent, to its quantity, or amount; or it was, or became, nearly equivalent to it]. (K, TA.) [And hence the term أَفْعَالُ المُقَارَبَةِ The verbs of appropinquation; as كَادَ &c.] b3: قارب الخَطْوَ He made the stepping to be contracted; syn. دَانَاهُ; (Az, K, TA;) [i. e. he made short steps: made his steps to be near together;] said of a horse. (TA.) And قارب كَلَامَهُ [He made the several portions of his speech, i. e. he made his words, to be near together; so that it means he uttered his speech rapidly]. (K in art. وط; &c.) and قارب بين الكَلِمَةِ وَالكَلِمَةِ فِى التَّسْبِيحِ [He made the words to follow one another nearly, or to be near together, in the act of praise, or the like.] (M in art. دنو.) And قَارَبْتُ بَيْنَ الأَمْرَيْنِ i. q. دَانَيْتُ [I made the two affairs, or events, to be nearly uninterrupted]. (T, S, Msb, all in art. دنو.) b4: قاربهُ also signifies He thought him, or it, to be near. (Ham p. 634.) And قارب الأَمْرَ He thought the thing. (MF.) b5: And He interchanged with him good, or pleasing, speech. (O, K, TA.) b6: And قارب فِى الأَمْرِ He pursued the right, or just, or middle, course, neither exceeding it nor falling short of it, in the affair. (O, * K, * TA.) b7: And قَارَبْتُهُ فِى البَيْعِ [app. meaning, in like manner, I pursued a middle course with him in selling, or buying, with respect to the price demanded or offered, neither exceeding what was just nor falling short of it], (S, O,) inf. n. مُقَارَبَةٌ. (S.) b8: مُقَارَبَةٌ and قِرَابٌ signify also The raising the leg [or legs, of a woman,] for the purpose of جِمَاع. (K.) 4 أَقْرَبَ see 1, second quarter. b2: [Hence,] أَقْرَبَت, (S, A, O, K,) said of the pregnant, (A, TA,) or of a woman, and of a mare, and of a ewe or goat, (S, O, TA,) and also of an ass, (Lth, TA,) but [app.] not [properly] of a camel, (Lth, S, * O, * TA,) [though it is sometimes said of a camel, as in the S and O voce غَمُوس, and in the O and K in art. ك,] She was, or became, near to bringing forth. (Lth, S, A, O, K.) b3: and اقرب said of a colt, and of a young camel, (K, TA,) &c., (TA,) He was, or became, near to the age of shedding his central incisors; (K, TA;) and likewise, to that of shedding other teeth. (TA.) b4: And He nearly filled a vessel. (S, O, K.) b5: لَأُقْرِبَنَّكُمْ صَلَاةَ رَسُولِ اللّٰهِ occurs in a trad. of Aboo-Hureyreh, meaning I will indeed perform to you the like of, or what will be nearly the same as, the praying of the Apostle of God. (TA.) b6: اقرب الإِبِلَ He made the camels to journey by night in order to arrive at the water on the morrow: (O, * K, TA:) or اقربوا إِبِلَهُمْ They, after pasturing them in the tract between them and the watering-place, and journeying on during a part of the time until there remained between them and the water a night, or an evening, hastened their camels. (Lth, TA.) b7: And اقرب القَوْمُ The people, or party, became persons whose camels were performing a journey such as is termed قَرَبٌ: the part. n. is [said to be] ↓ قارب, not مُقْربٌ: (As, S, O:) the former of these is said by A'Obeyd to be anomalous: (S, O:) [but see قَرَبَ, which is expl. as having almost exactly the same meaning as that which is in this instance assigned to اقرب. And it is also mentioned in the TA, app. on the authority of AA, that the same phrase and the same anomalous part. n. are used when the people's camels are مُتَقَارِبَة (which means few, or near together): but I think that this word is a mistake of a copyist, for قَوَارِبُ: see قَارِبٌ.]

A2: See also 1, last quarter, in six places.5 تَقَرَّبَ see 1, near the middle of the paragraph. b2: [Hence] one says to his companion, urging him, تَقَرَّبْ, meaning (tropical:) Advance thou, or come forward: (A, TA:) or تَقَرَّبْ يا رَجُلُ, meaning hasten, O man. (As, O, L, K, TA.) Only the imperative mood in this sense is said to be used. (MF, TA.) b3: And [hence, also,] تقرّب signifies He rendered himself near, or allied himself, [drew near, or ingratiated himself,] by affection and friendship. (TA, voce تَنَسَّبَ. [In this sense it is trans. by means of مِنْ.]) And He applied himself with gentleness, or courtesy, to obtain access, or nearness, to a man, by means of some act performed for that purpose, or by right. (TA. [In this sense it is trans. by means of إِلَى.]) And one says, تقرّب مِنَ اللّٰهِ [He drew near unto God] by prayer or the like, and righteous actions: and تقرّب اللّٰهُ مِنْهُ [God drew near unto him] by beneficence towards him. (TA.) And تقرِّب بِهِ إِلَى اللّٰهِ, (S, A, O, Msb, K, *) inf. n. تَقَرُّبٌ and تِقِرَّابٌ, (O, K,) the latter [of a rare form] like تِحِمَّالٌ and تِكِلَّامٌ and تِمِلَّاقٌ, (O,) He sought thereby nearness, to bring himself near, to draw near, or to approach, unto God; or to advance himself in the favour of God: (S, K, * TA:) and فَعَلَهُ تَقَرُّبًا إِلَيْهِ [He did it by way of seeking nearness, &c., to Him]. (A.) A2: تقرّب also signifies He (a man, O) put his hand upon his قُرْب (O, K, TA) i. e. his flank, (O, TA,) in walking; or, as some say, hastening, or going quickly. (TA.) 6 تقاربوا They were, or became, or drew, near, one to another: (S, * A, * Msb:) you say تقاربوا and ↓ اقتربوا [both app. signifying the same, like تخاصموا and اختصموا, and تخالطوا and اختلطوا, and تشاركوا and اشتركوا, &c.]. (A.) b2: See also 1, second quarter. b3: تقاربت إِبِلُهُ means (tropical:) His camels became few, [because drawing near together,] (A, O, K, TA,) and (as is also said of other things, TA) declined, or became reduced to a bad state. (O, * K, * TA.) b4: And [for the like reason, because of its becoming dense,] تقارب is said of seed-produce, or standing corn or the like, meaning (assumed tropical:) It became nearly ripe. (O, K, TA.) b5: And hence [accord. to some], تَقَارَبَ الزَّمَانُ (assumed tropical:) [When the time becomes contracted], occurring in a trad., expl. in art. زمن, q. v. (TA.) 8 إِقْتَرَبَ see 1, second quarter, in two places: b2: and see also 6.10 استقربهُ [contr. of استبعدهُ]. One says, هُوَ يَسْتَقْرِبُ البَعِيدَ [He reckons near that which is remote]. (A, Msb.) قُرْبٌ [mentioned in the first sentence of this art. as an inf. n.] is the contr. of بُعْدٌ: (S, O:) [used as a simple subst., it signifies Nearness, and] it is said to be [properly, or primarily,] in respect of place; [i. e. vicinity;] as distinguished from قُرْبَةٌ &c. (Msb, TA.) You say, إِنَّ قُرْبَكَ زَيْدًا [Verily Zeyd is in thy vicinity; i. e., near thee in respect of place]; but not إِنَّ بُعْدَكَ زَيْدًا; because قُرْب is more capable of being used as an adv. n. of place than بُعْد: in like manner they said also ↓ هُوَ قُرَابَتَكَ, meaning [He is in thy vicinity; i. e.,] near thee in respect of place. (Sb, TA. [See also قَرِيبٌ.]) [And بِالقُرْبِ مِنْهُ is a phrase of frequent occurrence, meaning In the vicinity of, or near in respect of place to, him, or it.] And one says, تَنَاوَلَهُ مِنْ قُرْبٍ and ↓ مِنْ قَرِيبٍ [He took it, or took it with his hand, from a near place or spot]. (A, Msb.) and رَأَيْتُهُ مِنْ قُرْبٍ [and ↓ مِنْ قَرِيبٍ I saw him, or it, from a near place or spot, or from within a short distance]. (S in art. ام; &c.) b2: It is also syn. with ↓ قَرَابٌ [signifying Nearness in respect of time] as used in the saying اِفْعَلْ ذٰلِكَ بِقَرَابٍ

[i. e. Do thou that soon; like as one says, عَنْ

↓ قَرِيبٍ]: (K, TA:) accord. to the K, the word قراب in this case is like سَحَاب: but it is said in a prov., أَكْيَسُ ↓ الفِرَارُ بِقِرَابٍ, thus in the S, or, as some relate it, ↓ بِقُرَابٍ; and IB says, J has cited this prov. [next] after the قِرَاب of the sword, but should have said that القِرَابُ is also syn. with القُرْبُ, and should then have adduced the prov. as an ex. meaning The fleeing soon in eagerness of desire for safety [is more, or most, shrewd]: (TA:) [this rendering, however, requires consideration; for, accord. to Meyd, who gives only the reading بِقِرَابٍ, the meaning of the prov. is, that he who flees with the ↓ قِرَاب (by which is meant the scabbard) when the sword has passed away from his possession is more shrewd than he who causes, or suffers, the قِرَاب also to pass away from him: in Freytag's Arab Prov. ii. 210, both of these explanations are given; but قريب is there erroneously put for قُرْب.] b3: See also قَرَابَةٌ. b4: It is also a pl. of قَرِيبٌ [q. v.]. (TA in art. زلف.) A2: قُرْبٌ also, and ↓ قُرُبٌ, (S, O, K,) the former of which is the original, (TA,) signify The خَاصِرَة [or flank]: (O, K:) or [the part] from the شَاكِلَة [which is syn., or nearly so, with خَاصِرَة,] to the مَرَاقّ [or soft parts] of the belly: (S, O, K:) and likewise from the رَفْغ [generally meaning groin] to the armpit, on each side: (TA:) [properly used in relation to a horse:] sometimes metaphorically used in relation to a she-camel, and to an ass [meaning a wild ass, and also to a man: see 5, last sentence]: (TA:) pl. أَقْرَابٌ; (T, S, O, K;) which is also used in the place of the dual. (T, TA.) قَرَبٌ [mentioned in the latter half of the first paragraph of this art. as an inf. n.] is [said to be] a subst., signifying A journey to water when it is a night's journey distant: or, as As said, on the authority of an Arab of the desert, (S, O,) a journey by night in order to arrive at the water on the morrow; (S, O, K;) and so ↓ قِرَابَةٌ [which is also mentioned as an inf. n. in the latter half of the first paragraph of this art.]; (K;) a journey by night in order to arrive at the water on the second following day being called طَلَقٌ: (S, O:) and the seeking water by night: or, when it is not more than a night's journey distant: or the first day in which one journeys to water when it is two days distant; the second day being called طَلَقٌ: (K: [but the converse seems to be the truth, being asserted by several of the highest authorities, and agreeable with the derivation of each of the two words: see طَلَقٌ:]) or the night after which, in the morning, one arrives at the water: (TA:) and لَيْلَةُ القَرَبِ is the night in which people with their camels hasten to the water in a journey such as is termed قَرَبٌ بَصْبَاصٌ; this latter term being applied to signify a people's letting their camels pasture while they are journeying towards water; and when there remains an evening between them and the water, hastening towards it: (S, O:) or, as is said on the authority of As, لَيْلَةُ القَرَبِ is the second night after the pastor has turned the faces of his camels towards the water, and so left them to pasture; this second night being the night of hard driving; and the first night being called لَيْلَةُ الطَّلَقِ: accord. to AA, [the journey called] القَرَبُ is [the journey to water] during three days, or more. (TA.) And [hence] القَرَبَ is used to signify What is a night's journey distant. (S in art. نوب, in explanation of a verse cited in that art. [Or, accord. to IAar, قَرَب there signifies near, so as to be visited repeatedly: or, as AA says, at such a distance as to be visited once in three days.]) [See also a saying mentioned voce حَوْزٌ.] b2: Also A well of which the water is near [to the mouth]. (O, K.) قُرُبٌ: see قُرْبٌ, last sentence.

قُرْبَةٌ an inf. n. of قَرُبَ [q. v.: and used as a simple subst. signifying Nearness]; like قُرْبٌ: or the former is in station, or grade, or rank. (Mgh, Msb.) You say, طَلَبْتُ مِنْهُ القُرْبَةَ [I sought of him nearness of station, &c.; or admission into favour]. (A.) b2: See also قَرَابَةٌ. b3: Also, (A, O, Msb,) and ↓ قُرُبَةٌ, (Msb,) A thing [such as prayer, or any righteous deed or work,] whereby one seeks nearness, to bring himself near, to draw near, or to approach, unto God; or to advance himself in the favour of God; (A, * O, Msb;) as also ↓ قُرْبَانٌ: (S, O, Msb, K:) pl. of the first and second قُرَبٌ and قُرْبَاتٌ and قُرُبَاتٌ and قُرَبَاتٌ. (Msb.) قِرْبَةٌ A kind of سِقَآء [or skin], (S, * O, * TA,) used for water: (S, O:) or a وَطْب [or skin] that is used for milk, and sometimes for water: (ISd, K:) or such as is sewed on one side: (K:) [the modern قِرْبَة, which is seldom, if ever, used for anything but water, is (if I may judge from my own observations and the accounts of others) always made of the skin of a goat about one year old or upwards: it consists of nearly the whole skin; only the skin of the head, and a small portion of that of each leg, being cut off: it has a seam extending from the upper part of the throat nearly to the belly, and sometimes a corresponding seam at the hinder part, but more commonly only a patch of leather over the fundament and navel: over the seam, or over each seam, is sewed a narrow strip of leather; and a mouth of leather is added in the place of the head: it is carried on the back, by means of a strap, or cord, &c., one end of which is generally attached to a cord connecting the two fore-legs; and the other, to the right hind leg:] the pl. (of pauc., S, O) is قِرْبَاتٌ, and قِرَبَاتٌ, and قِرِبَاتٌ, and (of mult., S, O) قِرَبٌ. (S, O, Msb, K.) فِيهِ قَرَبَةٌ and ↓ قِرَابَةٌ are said of a vessel that is nearly filled [meaning In it is a quantity that nearly fills it]. (K, TA.) [See also قِرَابٌ.]

قُرُبَةٌ: see قُرْبَةٌ: b2: and see also قَرَابَةٌ.

قُرْبَى [mentioned in the first sentence of this art. as an inf. n.: and used as a simple subst.]: see قَرَابَةٌ, in five places: and see also قَرِيبٌ, latter half.

قَرْبَانُ A vessel nearly full: fem. قُرْبَى: (S, O, K:) and pl. قِرَابٌ: (S, O:) you say قَدَحٌ قَرْبَانُ مَآءً i. e. [A drinking vessel] nearly full of water: and the ق in قربان is [said to be] sometimes changed into ك: (TA:) so accord. to Yaakoob; but ISd denies this. (TA in art. كرب.) A2: See also the paragraph here following.

قُرْبَانٌ: see قُرْبَةٌ: [it may often be rendered An offering, or oblation: and hence it sometimes means a sacrifice, as in the Kur iii. 179:] pl. قَرَابِينُ. (Msb.) قُرْبَانُهُمْ دِمَآؤُهُمْ [Their offering to God is their blood, lit. bloods,] occurs in a trad. as cited from the Book of the Law revealed to Moses, and as referring to the Arabs; meaning, they seek to bring themselves near unto God by shedding their blood in fighting in the cause of religion; whereas the قربان of preceding peoples consisted in the slaughtering of oxen or cows, and sheep or goats, and camels. (TA.) And it is said in another trad., الصَّلَاةُ قُرْبَانُ كُلِّ تَقِىٍّ [The divinely-appointed act of prayer is the offering to God of every pious person]; meaning, that whereby the pious seek to bring themselves near unto God. (TA.) b2: Also, (S, A, O, K,) and ↓ قَرْبَانٌ, (K,) but this latter is by some disapproved, (TA,) [A near associate; or] a particular, or special, (A, K,) associate or companion (A) or consessor; (K;) or a consessor; and a particular, or special, associate or companion; (S, ISd, O;) [or a familiar, or favourite;] of a king, (S, ISd, A, O, K,) or of a governor, or prince; (S, O;) [or of any person who is either a superior or an equal;] so called because of his nearness: (TA:) pl. قَرَابِينُ: (S, A, O, K:) and one says also, فُلَانٌ مِنْ قُرْبَانِ الأَمِيرِ [Such a one is of the near associates, &c., of the governor, or prince]; (S, O;) [for] قُرْبَانٌ is [said to be originally] an inf. n., and [therefore, as an epithet,] the same as sing. and dual and pl.: (so in a marginal note in one of my copies of the S:) or, in a phrase of this kind, it is a pl. of ↓ قَرِيبٌ. (A in art. بعد.) قَرَابٌ: see قُرْبٌ, former half.

قُرَابٌ: see قَرِيبٌ, last quarter, in two places: b2: and قُرْبٌ, near the middle: b3: and قِرَابٌ, former half: b4: and قُرَابَةٌ.

قِرَابٌ [an inf. n. of 3. And hence قِرَابَ as an adv. n. of time]. You say, أَتَيْتُهُ قِرَابَ العِشَآءِ I came to him near nightfall: and قِرَابَ اللَّيْلِ near night. (Lth, TA.) And 'Oweyf El-Kawáfee says, describing she-camels, (so in the TA and in one of my copies of the S,) or 'Oweyf El-Fezáree, (so in the O,) هُوَ ابْنُ مُنَضِّجَاتٍ كُنَّ قِدْمًا يَزِدْنَ عَلَى العَدِيدِ قِرَابَ شَهْرٍ (O, TA) i. e. He is the off spring of [one of the] she-camels that went beyond the usual time of bringing forth, that used formely to exceed the computed [time] near a month: J give a different reading of this verse, يَرِدْنَ عَلَى الغَدِيِر; but the correct reading is that given above. (IB, TA.) b2: See also قُرْبٌ, near the middle. b3: قِرَابُ الشَّىْءِ and ↓ قُرَابُهُ and ↓ قُرَابَتُهُ signify What is nearly the equal in quantity, or amount, or nearly the equivalent, of the thing. (K.) One says, مَعَهُ أَلْفُ دِرْهَمٍ أَوْ قِرَابُهُ He has with him a thousand dirhems, or nearly the equal thereof: and مَعَهُ مِلْءُ قَدَحٍ مَآءً أَوْ قِرَابُهُ He has with him a cupful of water, or nearly the equal thereof. (Lth, TA.) And a poet says, (S,) namely, El-'Ambar, (so in the O and TA,) or Es-Sinnabr, (so in the Mz, 49th نوع,) Ibn-'Amr, Ibn-Temeem, (O, TA, *) إِلَّا تَجِئْ مَلْأَى يَجِئْ قِرَابُهَا [If a full bucket (دَلْوٌ being understood, as is indicated in the S and O and TA,) come not, what will be nearly the equal thereof will come]. (S, O, TA.) One says also, لَوْ أَنَّ لِى قِرَابَ هٰذَا ذَهَبًا i. e. [If there belonged to me] the quantity nearly sufficient for the filling of this [of gold]: and لَوْ جَآءَ بِقِرَابِ الأَرْضِ i. e. [If he brought] that which would be nearly the equal in quantity of the earth. (Msb.) And الرُّكْبَتَيْنِ ↓ المَآءُ قُرَابَةُ [The water is such as is nearly the equal in height of the two knees]. (A.) [See also قَرَبَةٌ.]

A2: Also The غِمْد [i. e. scabbard, or sheath,] of a sword, (K, TA,) or of a knife: (TA:) or the جَفْن [i. e. case, or receptacle,] of the غِمْد; (K, TA;) the جَفْن, which is a case, or receptacle, wherein is the sword together with its scabbard (بِغِمْدِهِ) and its suspensory belt or cord: (S, O, TA:) it is like a جِرَاب of leather, into which the rider, or rider upon a camel, puts his sword with its جَفْن [here meaning scabbard], and his whip, and his staff, or stick, and his utensils: (Az, TA:) or like the جِرَاب, into which one puts his sword with its scabbard (بِغِمْدِهِ), and his whip, and sometimes his travelling-provisions of dates &c.: (IAth, TA:) the pl. of the قِرَاب of the sword is قُرُبٌ [a pl. of mult.] (Msb, TA) and أَقْرِبَةٌ [a pl. of pauc.], like خُمُرٌ and أَخْمِرَةٌ pls. of خِمَارٌ. (Msb.) See also قُرْبٌ, latter half.

قَرِيبٌ Near in respect of place: (S, O, Msb, K, * &c.:) in this sense used alike as sing. and pl. (Kh, ISk, T, O, Msb, K *) and dual, (ISk, TA,) and as masc. and fem., (AA, Kh, Fr, ISk, T, S, O, Msb,) as is also بَعِيدٌ in the contr. sense: (Kh, ISk, TA:) the Arabs say هُوَ قَرِيبٌ مِنِّى, (ISk, O, * TA,) and هُمَا قَرِيبٌ مِنِّى, and هُمْ قَرِيبٌ مِنِّى, (ISk, TA,) and هِىَ قَرِيبٌ مِنِّى, &c., meaning فِى مَكَانٍ قَرِيبٍ [in a place near, to me, or little removed from me:] (ISk, O, TA:) or when you say هِنْدٌ قَرِيبٌ مِنْكَ, it is as though you said هِنْدٌ مَوْضِعُهَا قَرِيبٌ مِنْكَ [Hind, her place is near to thee:] (AA, Msb:) hence, [in the Kur vii. 54,] إِنَّ رَحْمَةَ اللّٰهِ قَرِيبٌ مِنَ المُحْسِنِينَ [Verily the mercy of God is near unto the welldoers]: (AA, ISk, O, Msb:) but it is allowable to say قَرِيبَةٌ, as also بَعِيدَةٌ: (ISk, O, Msb, TA:) or (accord. to Zj, TA) قريب is here without ة because رحمة is not really [but only conventionally] of the fem. gender: (S, O, TA:) [but this reason is not satisfactory, because it does not apply to other cases mentioned above:] and it is also said that it is without ة because it is assimilated to an epithet of the measure فَعُولٌ, which does not receive the fem. affix ة. (TA.) [Hence the phrase مِنْ قَرِيبٍ:] see قُرْبٌ, former half, in two places. And [hence also] you say, إِنَّ قَرِيبًا مِنْكَ زَيْدًا [Verily Zeyd is in a place near to thee]; like as you say, إِنَّ قُرْبَكَ زَيْدًا. (Sb, TA.) b2: [Also Near in respect of time, whether future, as in the Kur xlii. 16, &c.; or past, as in the Kur lix. 15. And hence قَرِيبًا meaning Shortly after and before. And Nearly, as when one says, أَقَمْتُ بِالمَوْضِعِ قَرِيبًا مِنْ سَنَةٍ I remained, stayed, or abode, in the place nearly a year. Hence also the phrase عَنْ قَرِيبٍ:] see قُرْبٌ, near the middle. b3: And Near as meaning related by birth or by marriage: (S, O, Msb, K:) [and generally used as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant, meaning a relation, or relative:] in this sense it receives the fem. form, by universal consent; so that you say, هٰذِهِ المَرْأَةُ قَرِيبَتِى [This woman is my relation]: (Fr, S, O, Msb: *) and likewise the dual form; so that you say, [هُمَا قَرِيبَانِ and] هُمَا قَرِيبَتَانِ [They two are relations]: (AA, Msb:) [and it has a pl., namely, أَقْرِبَآءُ;] you say, هُمْ أَقْرِبَائِى and أَقَارِبِى (S, A, O, K) [and أَقْرَبِىَّ, this last originally أَقْرَبُوىَ; the first signifying They are my relations; and the second and third, properly, being pls. of ↓ أَقْرَبُ, They are my nearer, or nearest, or very near, relations; though in the T the second is said to be pl. of قَرِيبٌ; and in most of the copies of the K, but not in all, (for in some the first of these three words is omitted, as it is also in the TA,) it is implied that أَقْرِبَآءُ and أَقَارِبُ and أَقْرَبُونَ (which are mentioned in the Msb without any distinction of meaning) are all to be understood in the latter sense]: and قُرْبٌ [also] is a pl. of قَرِيبٌ [app. in the sense here assigned to it], like as غُرْبٌ is of غَرِيبٌ; (TA in art. زلف;) and قَرْبَى is allowable as a pl. of فَرِيبٌ: (T, TA:) the pl. of قَرِيبَةٌ is قَرَائِبُ. (T, Msb, TA.) And like as you say, هُوَ قَرِيبِى

[meaning He is my relation], as too you say, ↓ هُوَ ذُو قَرَابَتِى (S, O, K) and مِنِّى ↓ ذُو قَرَابَةٍ and منّى ↓ ذُو مَقْرُبَةٍ and مِنِّى ↓ ذُو قُرْبَى; (TA;) but not ↓ هُوَ قَرَابَتِى; (K;) [for only] the vulgar say this; as also هُمْ قَرَابَاتِى: (S, O:) or, accord. to Z, ↓ هُوَ قَرَابَتِى is allowable, being accounted for as a phrase in which the prefixed n. [ذُو] is suppressed; and it has moreover been asserted to be correct and chaste in verse and prose: ↓ قَرَابَةٌ also occurs in the trads. in the sense of أَقَارِبُ: it is said in the Nh to be an inf. n. used as an epithet, agreeably with general analogy: and in the Tes-heel it is said to be a quasi-pl. n. of قَرِيبٌ, like as صَحَابَةٌ is of صَاحِبٌ: (MF, TA:) [accord. to Mtr,] ↓ قَرَابَةٌ is correctly applicable to one and to a pl. number, as being originally an inf. n.; so that one says, هُو قَرَابَتِى and هُمْ قَرَابَتِى; though the chaste phrase is ذُو قَرَابَتِى applied to one; and ذَوَا قَرَابَتِى, to two; and ذَوُو قَرَابَتِى, to a pl. number. (Mgh.) b4: And [it is also applied to relationship:] one says, بَيْنَنَا نَسَبٌ قَرِيبٌ and ↓ قُرَابٌ [Between us is a near relationship]. (A.) b5: It signifies also Near, or allied, by affection and friendship. (TA voce تَنَسَّبَ.) [You say, فُلَانٌ قَرِيبٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ meaning Such a one is near, &c., or friendly and affectionate, to people, or mankind.] See also قُرْبَانٌ, last sentence. b6: And one says, مَا هُوَ بِعَالِمٍ

عَالِمٍ ↓ وَلَا قُرَابِ and عَالِمٍ ↓ قُرَابَةِ meaning قَرِيبِ عَالِمٍ

[i. e. He is not learned nor near learned]. (TA.) And مِنْ ذٰلِكَ ↓ مَا هُوَ بِشَبِيهِكَ وَلَا بِقُرَابَةٍ meaning وَلَا بِقَرِيبٍ مِنْ ذٰلِكَ [i. e. He is not the like of thee nor near that]; (S, O;) or مِنْكَ ↓ وَلَا بِقُرَابَةٍ

meaning بقَرِيبٍ [i. e., nor near the like of thee]. (K.) b7: فُلَانٌ قَرِيبُ الثَّرَى; and قَرِيبُ الثَّرَى بَعِيدُ النَّبَطِ: see in arts. ثرى and نبط.

A2: Also, (O, K, TA,) but in some of the lexicons written قِرِّيبٌ, (TA,) Salted fish, while yet in its recent, moist, state. (O, K, TA.) قَرَابَةٌ, (S, O, K,) which is originally an inf. n., (S,) [i. e., of قَرُبَ, as is also, app., every one of its syns. here following,] and ↓ قُرْبَى and ↓ قُرْبَةٌ and ↓ قُرُبَةٌ (S, O, K) and ↓ قُرْبٌ (S, O) and ↓ مَقْرُبَةٌ and ↓ مَقْرَبَةٌ (S, O, K) ↓ مَقْرِبَةٌ, (K,) all of them, (S, O, K,) or the first and ↓ قُرْبَى, (Msb,) signify Relationship, or relationship by the female side; (S, O, * Msb, K, * TA;) or the first has the former of these significations and ↓ قُرْبَى has the latter of them: (T, TA:) [in the S, القَرَابَةُ is expl. signifying القُرْبَى فِى الرَّحِمِ; and in the Mgh and Msb, it and ↓ القُرْبَى are expl. as being فِى الرَّحِمِ; but in the T, as cited in the TA, the former is expl. as being فِى النَّسَبِ, and ↓ القُرْبَى as being فِى الرَّحِمِ: see the first sentence of this art.:] you say, بَيْنِى وَبَيْنَهُ قَرَابَةٌ &c. [i. e. Between me and him is a relationship, or a relationship by the female side]. (S, O.) b2: See also قَرِيبٌ, latter half, in six places.

قُرَابَةٌ: see قُرْبٌ, first quarter: b2: and قِرَابٌ, in two places: and قَرِيبٌ, near the end, in three places. b3: قُرَابَةُ المُؤْمِنِ and ↓ قُرَابُهُ signify The believer's فِرَاسَة [i. e. insight, or intuitive perception, &c.]; (Fr, O, K;) and his opinion, which is near to knowledge and assurance: occurring in a trad., in which it is said that one is to beware thereof, because he looks with the light of God. (Fr, O, TA. [See also فِرَاسَةٌ.]) قِرَابَةٌ: see قَرَبَةٌ: A2: and see also قَرَبٌ.

جَاؤُوا قُرَابَى, (IDrd, O, K,) the latter word similar to فُرَادَى, (IDrd, O,) They came near together. (IDrd, O, K.) قُرَيْبَى [dim. of قُرْبَى]. دُونَ كُلِّ قُرَيْبَى قُرْبَى

[There is a relationship nearer than every relationship small in degree] is a prov. applied to him who asks of thee something wanted which one more nearly related to thee than he has asked of thee. (Meyd. [See another prov., app. similar in meaning and application, voce دَنِىٌّ, in art. دنو.]) قَرَّابٌ A maker of [what are called] قرب [app. قُرُب, pl. of قِرَابٌ; or perhaps قِرَب, pl. of قِرْبَةٌ]. (TA.) قَرْنَبٌ: &c.: see art. قرنب.

قَارِبٌ [part. n. of قَرَبَ said of a man journeying to water: and accord. to As and A'Obeyd, part. n. of أَقْرَبَ used in a similar sense; as such anomalous]. One seeking, or seeking to attain, [or journeying to,] water: so says Az, without specifying any time: (TA:) or, accord. to Kh, (S, O, TA,) one doing so by night; (S, O, K, TA;) not applied to one doing so by day. (S, O, TA.) And its pl. قَوَارِبُونَ signifies Persons whose camels are performing a journey such as is termed قَرَبٌ: (As, S, O:) see 4, latter half. The epithet applied to camels in this case is قَوَارِبُ; (S, O;) [of which see another explanation voce طَلَقٌ;] and this epithet is also used in relation to birds. (IAar, TA.) مَا لِى

قَارِبٌ وَلَا هَارِبٌ occurs in a trad., meaning I have not any that goes to water nor any that returns from it. (L, TA. [See also هَارِبٌ.]) and حِمَارٌ قَارِبٌ means An ass hastening on in the night of arriving at the water. (Lth, TA.) A2: Also A small سَفِينَة; (A, K;) i. e. (A,) [a skiff;] a ship's boat, used by the seamen as a convenient means af accomplishing their needful affairs; (S, A, O;) also called سُنْبُوكٌ [or سُنْبُوقٌ]: (A:) pl. قَوَارِبُ: and أَقْرُبٌ occurs in a trad., and is said to be also a pl. of قَارِبٌ; but IAth says that this is not known as a pl. قارب, unless as anomalous; and it is said that أَفْرُبُ السَّفِينَةِ means the nearest parts of the ship; i. e., the parts near [or next] to the land. (TA.) قَوْرَبٌ Water over which, or against which, one has not power, or with which one cannot cope, by reason of its copiousness. (O, K.) أَقْرَبُ Nearer, and nearest, in respect of place, and in respect of time, &c.]: see قَرِيبٌ, in the middle of the paragraph.

ظَهَرَتْ تَقَرُّبَاتُ المَآءِ (tropical:) The foretokens of water appeared; i. e. small pebbles, from seeing which the well-digger, when he has nearly reached a spring, infers that water is near. (A, TA.) مَقْرَبٌ (A, O, K) and ↓ مَقْرَبَةٌ (O, K) (tropical:) A near, or the nearest, road or way: (A, O, K, TA:) or a small road or way, leading into a great one; said to be from القَرَبُ signifying “ the journeying by night,” or “ the journeying [by night] to water: ” (TA:) or, the former, a conspicuous road or way; so says IAar: (TA voce مَطْرَبٌ:) and the latter, accord. to AA, a place of alighting or sojourning or abiding; from القَرَبُ signifying “ the ” journeying [by night &c.]: the pl. is مَقَارِبُ. (TA.) مُقْرَبٌ A horse that is brought [or kept] near [to the tent, or dwelling], and treated generously, and not left to seek for pasture: fem. with ة:] or this is done only with mares, lest a stallion of low race should cover them: (IDrd, S, O, K:) or خَيْلٌ مُقْرَبَةٌ signifies horses that are [kept] near at hand, and prepared [for riding]: (El-Ahmar, TA:) or horses that have been prepared by scant food (ضُمِّرَتْ) for riding: (Sh, TA:) or horses of generous race, that are not confined in the pasturage, but are confined near to the tents, or dwellings, prepared for running. (R, TA.) and إِبِلٌ مُقْرَبَةٌ Camels girded for riding: (Sh, O, K:) or camels upon which are saddles (رِحَال) cased with leather, whereon kings ride: but this explanation has been disallowed. (Aboo-Sa'eed [i. e. As], TA.) [See also مُكْرَبَاتٌ.]

مُقْرِبٌ A woman, and a mare, and a ewe or goat, (S, O,) and an ass, (Lth, TA,) near to bringing forth: (S, O, K, TA:) [said to be] not used in relation to a camel; (S, O, TA;) the epithet used in this case being مُدْنٍ: (TA:) [but see the verb:] the pl. is مَقَارِيبُ; (S, O, K, TA;) as though they had imagined the sing. to be مِقْرَابٌ. (TA.) مَقْرَبَةٌ: see قَرَابَةٌ: A2: and see also مَقْرَبٌ.

مَقْرُبَةٌ: see قَرَابَةٌ; and see also قَرِيبٌ, latter half.

مَقْرِبَةٌ: see قَرَابَةٌ.

المُقَرَّبُونَ: see الكَرُوبِيُّونَ.

A2: See also what here follows, in two places.

شَأْوٌ مُقَرِّبٌ and ↓ مُقَرَّبٌ, and هَلْ مِنْ مُقَرِّبَةِ خَبَرٍ and خَبَرٍ ↓ مُقَرَّبَةِ, occur thus written, probably by mistake, the ق being thus put in the place of غ: see [مُغَرِّبٌ in] art. غرب. (TA.) مُقَارَبٌ: see the next paragraph, in two places.

شَىْءٌ مُقَارِبٌ, with kesr to the ر (tropical:) A thing of a middling sort, between the good and the bad: (S, O, K: *) and also a cheap thing: (S, O:) and ثَوْبٌ مُقَارِبٌ a garment that is not good: (Msb:) you should not say ↓ مُقَارَبٌ, (ISk, S, O, Msb,) with fet-h: (ISk, Msb:) you say also رَجُلٌ مُقَارِبٌ [a man of a middling sort]: and مَتَاعٌ مُقَارِبٌ [a commodity, or commodities, &c., of a middling sort, or cheap]: (TA:) or you say دِينٌ مُقَارِبٌ with kesr, [meaning a religion of a middling sort], and ↓ مَتَاعٌ مُقَارَبٌ with fet-h, (K, TA,) meaning [a commodity, &c.,] not precious. (TA.) مُتَقَارِبٌ A short man: because his extremities are near together. (O.) b2: And المُتَقَارِبُ is the name of The fifteenth metre of verse; (O;) the metre composed of فَعُولُنٌ eight times; (O, K; *) and [one species of] فَعُولُنْ فَعُولُنْ فَعَلٌ twice: (K:) so called because its أَوْتَاد are near together; there being between every two of them one سَبَب. (O, K. *)

قرب
القَرْب: أنْ يَرْعى القَّوْمُ بينهم وبين المَوْرِدِ وهم في ذلك يَسِيرون حتّى إذا كانَ بينهم وبين الماءِ عَشِيَّةٌ عَجَّلُوا فَقَرَبُوا قَرْباً. وقَرَبَتِ الإِبلُ، وأقْرَبُوا إبلَهم.
وحِمَارٌ قَارِبٌ وعُوْنٌ قَوَارِبُ: أي تُعْجَلُ لَيْلَةَ الوُرُوْدِ.
والقَرْبُ: طَلَبُ الماءِ لَيْلاً، وقيل: نَهاراً. وقَوْمٌ قارِبُونَ، وقَرَبَتْ إبلهم، ولا يُقال مُقْرِبُونَ. " ومُقَرِّبَاتُ الماءِ: حَصىً صِغَارٌ تَخْرُجُ قبل أنْ يَنْبِطَ الماءُ حمْرٌ وسود؛ هشة.
والقارِبُ: سَفِينَةٌ صَغِيرةٌ، والجميع القَوارِبُ.
ويقولون: " ما لهُ هارِب ولا قارِبٌ " أي شَيْءٌ.
وقِرَابُ السيْفِ والسِّكِّيْنِ. قَرَّبْتُ قِرَاباً، وأقْرَبْتُ لُغَة، وقَرَبْت، فهو مَقْرُوْبٌ. ومُقَارَبَةُ الشَّيْءِ: قِرَابٌ، تقول: مَعَهُ ألْفٌ أو قِرَابُه. وقِرَابُ اللَّيْل والعَشِيِّ. وما هو بعالِمٍ ولا قُرَابَة عالِمٍ ولا قَرِيبِ ولا قِرَابَة. والماءُ قُرَابَةُ الرُّكْبَتَيْنِ. ومنه المَثَلُ: " الفِرَا
رُ بِقِرَابٍ أكْيَسُ ".
وقَدَحٌ قَرْبانٌ ماءً: أي قارَبَ الامْتِلاءَ.
والقُرْبُ: نَقِيْضُ البُعْدِ. والتَّقَرُّبُ: الــتَّدَنّــي والتَوَصُّلُ إلى الشَيْءِ، ومنه الاقْتِرَابُ.
والقُرْبَانُ: ما تَقَرَّبْتَ به إلى اللهِ عَزَّ اسْمُه تبتغي به قُرْبَه، وكذلك إلى المَلِكِ، وهي القَرَابِيْنُ وُزَرَاؤه.
وقَرِبَ فلان أهْلَه قُرْباناً: أي غَشِيَها.
وما قَرِبْتُ هذا الأمْرَ قِرْباناً وقُرْباناً وقُرْباً.
ويُقال: قَرِّبَتْني منه قَرُوْبٌ: أي مُقَرِّبَة؛ كما يُقال: دَرُوكٌ. وقيل: هِمَّةٌ.
ويقولون: قَرُوْبُ طِبّ، وُيرْوى: قَربُ طِبٍّ: أي قَرُبَ الاخْتِيَارُ، كما يقولون: على الخَبِيرِ سَقَطْتَ. والقَرُوْبُ: القَرِيْبُ.
والقُرْبى: حَقّ ذي القَرَابَةِ، وهم أقَارِبُ، وللنِّساء: قَرَائبُ. ونَسَبٌ قُرَابٌ: أي قَرِيب، وحَيّا فلانٌ وَقرَّبَ. وهم قُرُوْبٌ - بوَزْنِ قُعُودٍ -: من القُرْب.
والتِّقِرّابُ: القُرْبُ أيضاً.
وفلانٌ يُقَرِّبُ أمْراً: أي يَغْزُوْهُ، وقد قَرِبْت.
والفَرَسُ المُقْرَبُ: الذي قُرِّبَ مَرْبطه ومِعْلَفُه لكَرَامَتِه، والجميع المُقْرَبَاتُ والمَقَارِيْبُ. والمَقْرَبُ: الطَّرِيقُ المختَصَرُ.
وأقْرَبَتِ الشاةُ والأتان فهي مُقرِبٌ: إذا أدْنَت.
والقرْبُ: من لَدُنِ الشاكِلَةِ إلى مَرَاقِّ البَطْنِ. وفَرَسٌ لاحِقُ الأقْرَابِ.
والقِرِّيْبُ: السَّمَكُ المُمَلَّحُ ما دامَ طَرِيّاً.
والقُرْقُبُ: البَطْنُ، وجَمْعُه قَرَاقِبُ، وقد تُشَدَّدُ الباءُ.
وإنًه لَشَرُوْبٌ قُرْقب: إذا كانَ شَرُوباً طَوِيلاً. وهي - أيضاً -: الحَفِيْفَةُ الصِّغَارُ من الطَّيْرِ، الواحدة قُرْقُبَة. والقُرْقُبُ: البَصْرَةُ.
وأفْعَلُ ذلك من قَرِيبٍ وقُرَابٍ.

قرب

قَرَبَ(n. ac. قَرْب)
a. Sheathed (sword).
b.(n. ac. قِرَاْبَة), Journeyed by night to the water.
c. Sought to attain (object).
قَرِبَ(n. ac. قَرَب)
a. see (قَرُبَ) (a), (b).
c. Had a pain in the side. _ast;

قَرُبَ(n. ac. قُرْب
قُرْبَة
قُرْبَى
مَقْرَبَة
قَرَاْبَة
قِرْبَاْن
قُرْبَاْن)
a. [acc.
or
Min
or
Ila], Was, became near to; neared, approached; was
related to.
b. Was imminent, impending (event).

قَرَّبَa. Made to approach, to draw near; brought, drew
near.
b. Honoured; took into his favour.
c. [acc. & Ila], Offered, presented to; brought before.
d. Offered up (sacrifice).
e. [ coll. ], Gave the Holy
Communion to.
f. Raised the fore feet together (horse).
g. see I (a)
قَاْرَبَa. Was near, close to; lived near, was the neighbour
of.
b. Approached, drew near to.
c. Was on the point of; was nearly ( full & c. ).
d. Made short steps.
e. Uttered repidly (speech).
f. [Bain], Made to follow closely.
g. Was affable, friendly, familiar with.
h. [Fī], Acted rightly, wisely in.
i. Believed to be near.

أَقْرَبَa. Was near to bringing forth (female).
b. Was nearly full (vessel).
c. Nearly filled.
d. see I (a) (b).
تَقَرَّبَ
a. [Ila
or
Min]
see (قَرُبَ) (a).
b. Advanced, came forward; approached.
c. [Bi & Ila], Sought to gain the favour of, to ingratiate
himself with.... by means of.
d. [Ila], Sought to gain the intimacy of; sought to ally
himself to.
e. [ coll. ], Communicated, took
the Sacrament.
تَقَاْرَبَa. Were near, close together; approached each
other.
b. Was nearly ripe, ready &c.

إِقْتَرَبَ
a. [Min]
see (قَرُبَ) (a), (b) & VI (a).

إِسْتَقْرَبَa. Deemed, found near.

قَرْبَىa. fem. of
قَرْبَاْنُ
قِرْبَة
(pl.
قِرَب
reg. &
a. قِرِبَات ), Water-skin

قُرْبa. Nearness; vicinity; proximity, neighbourhood
vicinage.
b. (pl.
أَقْرَاْب), Side; flank; groin.
قُرْبَة
(pl.
قُرَب
reg. &
a. قُرَبَات ), Nearness; kinship
relationship; affinity.
b. Good work, act of piety.

قُرْبَىa. see 3t (a)
قَرَبa. A night-journey to water.

قَرَبَةa. Quantity that almost fills ( a vessel ).

قُرُبa. see 3 (b)
قُرُبَة
( pl.
reg. )
a. see 3t (b)
أَقْرَبُ
( pl.
reg. &
أَقَاْرِبُ)
a. Nearer; nearest, next.
b. More probable, likelier; likeliest.
c. Relation.

مَقْرَب
(pl.
مَقَاْرِبُ)
a. Nearest way; crossroad.

مَقْرَبَةa. see 17 & 22t
(a).
مَقْرِبَة
مَقْرُبَةa. see 22t (a)
قَاْرِب
(pl.
قَوَاْرِبُ)
a. One seeking water by night.
b. Boat; skiff; barque; canoe.

قَرَاْبa. see 3 (a)
قَرَاْبَةa. Relationship, kinship, consanguinity.
b. see 25 (b)
قِرَاْب
(pl.
قُرُب أَقْرِبَة)
a. Sheath, scabbard; case.
b. Equivalent; equal.

قِرَاْبَةa. see 4 & 4t
قُرَاْبa. see 23 (b)
قُرَاْبَةa. Insight, intuitive perception.
b. see 23 (b)
قَرِيْب
(pl.
أَقْرِبَآءُ)
a. Near; nigh; close.
b. Relative, relation.
c. Neighbour.
d. Salt-fish.

قَرِيْبَة
(pl.
قَرَاْئِبُ)
a. fem. of
قَرِيْب
قَرْبَاْنُa. Nearly full (vessel)
b. see 35 (b)
قُرْبَاْن
(pl.
قَرَابِيْن)
a. Offering, oblation; sacrifice.
b. [ coll. ], Eucharist.
c. Favourite, familiar, consessor, companion ( of a
prince ).
N. Ag II, Bringing near. b. Offerer;
sacrificer.

N. Ac.
قَرَّبَa. Approximation.
b. Probabilily.
c. Gallop.
d. [ coll. ], Offering.

N. Ag.
قَاْرَبَa. Midding; approximate; average; near.

N. P.
قَاْرَبَa. Cheap.

N. Ag.
أَقْرَبَ
(pl.
مَقَاْرِبُ مَقَاْرِيْبُ)
a. Near to bringning forth (female).

N. P.
أَقْرَبَa. Thorough-bred (mare).
b. Saddled.

N. Ag.
تَقَاْرَبَa. Near together, close.
b. Short.
c. A certain metre.

عَنْ قُرْبٍ
عَن قَِيْبٍ
a. Shortly; soon.

مِن قُرْبٍ
مِن قَرِيْبٍ
a. From close by; close to.

تَقْرِيْبًا بِالْتَّقْرِيْب
a. Approximatively, very nearly; thereabouts.

أَفْعَالُ المُقَارَبَةِ
a. The verbs of appropinquation.

هُوَ قُرْبَكَ
هُوَ قُرَابَتَكَ
a. He is near thee.

هُوَ قَرَابَتِي
a. He is my relative.

جَاءُوا قُرَابَى
a. They came close together.

عِيْدُ الْقُرْبَان
a. [ coll. ], The feast of Corpus
Christi.

قرب: قرب: إذا كان بمعنى دنا فمضارعه يقرب، وإذا كان بمعنى اختلط وامتزج وتلبس فمضارعه يقرب (المقري 1: 485) واقرأ فيه تتلبس كما في طبعة بولاق. والمصدر منه: قرب وفروب (ديوان الهذليين ص200 البيت 29).
قرب: عاش قرب الأمير والملك، عاش في البلاط وأصبح شخصا ذا مكانة، وهي ضد بعد. وقد تكرر ذكرها في كليلة ودمنة في (ص277) مثلا.
قرب: اقترب من الله. (المقدمة 3: 417).
قرب: دنا منه وصار بالقرب منه (القرآن 2: 183) مع تفسير البيضاوي.
قرب إلى البر: رسا، أرفأ. (بوشر).
قرب لفلان: كان قريبا له، كان من أقربائه (بوشر) (ألف ليلة 1: 460، 590).
قرب من الناس: كان أنيسا سهل المقابلة. (معجم الإدريسي).
قرب عليه: كان سهلا هينا عليه، ففي كتاب عبد الواحد (ص175): لو كان لهذه الكتب مشروح لقرب مأخذها على الناس.
قرب: يظهر أن المصدر قرب معناه تقريب أي تقديم، ففي تاريخ البربر (2: 27): وتناغت وناته في التزلف إلى الدولة بقرب الطاعات، ولابد أن الطاعات معناها الولاء السيد. وعلى هذا لابد أن يكون المعنى: وقد تنافس كلهم على الحصول على حظوة بلاط السلطان وبادروا بإبداء إخلاصهم وولائهم، كما ترجمها السيد دي سلان. وانظر (تاريخ البربر 2: 51).
قرب: تصحيف قرب. (الكامل ص 537).
قرب (بالتشديد): أصلح، وفق بين (بوشر، عباد 1: 51).
قرب الأمير فلانا: قدمه في خدمته وجعله من خواصه. (محيط المحيط).
قرب لله القربان: قدم ضحية لله. (محيط المحيط، كليلة ودمنة ص198).
قرب لله: ضحى، وكذلك قرب ضحية ل: ضحى، ذبح. ومنه: قرب عند النصارى أي منح الأسرار. (بوشر، همبرت ص155) قرب. ناول سر القربان المقدس. (بوشر) قرب فلانا ناوله القربان. ففي محيط المحيط: قرب الكاهن فلانا ناوله القربان، وهو من اصطلاح النصارى.
قرب المريض: ناوله القربان الأقدس. (بوشر).
قرب: قدم، ففي تاريخ البربر (2: 518): أنزلهم بقصور ملكه بالحمراء وقرب لهم للمراكب وأفاض عليهم العطاء.
قرب: سهل، هون. ففي رياض النفوس (ص 57ق): طلب منه أن يذهب إلى المنستير ليشتري له سمكتين وفي طريقي وجدت رجلا عنده سمكتان فقلت في نفسي لعلي أشتريهما منه ويقرب عناي. وحين رأى سيدي إني أسرعت في العودة سألني: ألم تذهب إلى المنستير؟ فقلت: قرب الله عناي كان من الأمر كذا وكذا.
قرب على فلان: عرض عليه أمرا سهلا. ففي الاكتفا (ص126 و) في الكلام عن جوليان وموسى: وقرب عليه مرام غلبة الأندلس وسرعة فتحها.
قرب: عرض مفصلا، سرد، ففي كتاب عبد الواحد (ص251): فهذه كليات سيرتهم مجملة على ما يقتضيه شرط التقريب.
قرب لمقصوده: عرض منفصلا حججه وبراهينه. (الكالا).
قرب بشيء: اتهم بجريمة. ففي حيان -بسام (1: 31 و): فلما دارت الكؤوس أخذ عبد الملك معاتبته والتعرض لما قرب به عنده. وبعد ذلك: وطفق يعتذر ويحتج في إبطال ما قرب به.
قارب فلانا: كان من أقاربه. (بوشر).
قارب في: في حيان- بسام (3: 50 ق): قال كونت نور مندي لتاجر رقيق جاء ليشتري إماء: فأعرض عمن هاهنا وتعرض لمن شئت ممن صيرته بحصني من سبيي وإسرائي أقاربك فيمن شئت منهن. ولا أدري ما هو المعنى الدقيق لهذه الكلمة.
تقرب: دنا من، اقترب، صار قريبا. ففي النويري (مصر مخطوطة 2، ص115 و): فنازلها بمن معه على أربعة أميال فيها (منها) فلم يخرج إليه أحد ثم تغرب (تقرب) حتى صار منها على ميلين فلما رأى المسلمون قربه من المدينة الخ.
تقرب من أقترب من، دنا، اتصل. (بوشر، المقري 1: 137).
تقرب من: تعلق ب، تمسك ب. (هلو).
تقرب ل: استمال القلوب. ففي المقري (1: 136): يقتله السلطان تقربا لقلوب العامة (المقري 1: 14).
تقرب إلى فلان: اكتسب رضاه. حظي برعايته وعطفه. (كوسج طرائف ص107). وفي النويري (الأندلس ص439). فتقربوا إليه بتسليمه له.
تقرب. في معجم فوك: تقرب إلى الله بالقربان.
والمصدر: تقرب وتقراب، ومعناها: أتى إليه تعالى به وطلب القربة عنده (محيط المحيط).
تقرب: نال بالتضحية، (الكالا).
تقرب: فلان: تناول القربان وهو من اصطلاح النصارى. والمصدر تقرب. (بوشر، محيط المحيط).
تقارب: تجمع، (بوشر).
تقارب: الجيشان: تساويا تقريبا بالعدد. (أخبار ص59).
اقترب من: دنا من. (بوشر).
استقربه: جعله يقترب ويدنو. (معجم الطرائف).
قرب: دنو، إقتراب، وصول، ولوج، (بوشر).
قرب: من: ألفة، مودة، صداقة حميمة. (فوك).
استقربه: جعله صديقا حميما له. (معجم الطرائف).
قرب: لطف، أنس، بشاشة. طلاقة، دماثة. (المقدمة 2: 266).
قرب: حظوة. (بوشر).
بهذا القرب: منذ قليل من الزمن، حديثا، منذ عهد قريب، مؤخرا. (بوشر).
قرب: تخمة. عسر هضم، جفس. ففي معجم المنصوري: تخمة هي المرض المسمى بالبشم عند أهل المغرب ويسمى بالمشرق ألقرب.
قربة: جرة. (دومب ص93) وهو يكتبها كربة.
قربة: مزمار القرية. (بوشر).
قربة: ما يتقرب به إلى الله تعالى من أعمال البر والطاعة. (فليشر في تعليقه على المقري 1: 518، بريشت ص194).
قربة: قربان، ضحية، تقدمة، شيء يقدم (بوشر).
قربات= مقربات: خيل كريمة. (تاريخ البربر 2: 383، 391).
قربى: جاءت في سورة (رقم 42، الآية 22) ومعناها عند بعض المفسرين (=التقرب) وهو ما يتقرب به إلى الله تعالى من أعمال البر والطاعة. (أماري ص575، الجريدة الآسيوية 1852، 1: 259 رقم 1).
قربية: قرابة، قربى، (الكالا).
قربان: عند الموازنة ما يقدسونه من الخبز والخمر. خبز الذبيحة، برشان. (روجر ص432).
عيد القربان: العيد الكبير. (بوشر).
عيد القربان: عيد القربان المقدس، عيد جسد الرب، عيد الجسد: (همبرت ص154).
قربان = اجتماع، جمعية، حفل، محفل 10 (المعجم اللاتيني -العربي).
قربان: في رحلة ابن بطوطة (3: 167) وكانت الملكة تركب بالقوس والتركش والقربان كما يركب الرجال. وفي الترجمة: بطانتها وحاشيتها، ويبدو لي أن هذه الكلمة تعنى شيئا آخر.
قربانه: قربان. خبز الذبيحة، ضحية، (بوشر، همبرت ص155).
قربانة (رومانية) والجمع قربان: قريبة، غدارة، بندقية واسعة المخرج شاعت قديما. بندقية قصيرة. (بوشر).
قربانة: طبنجة، بندقية عريضة الفوهة. (بوشر).
قرباتي، والجمع قربات: هو عند أهل حلب غجري، بوهيمي. (بوشر، بركهارت سوريا ص240).
قراب (بالأسبانية Carabo) : بومة صماء لا تنازع لها. (الكالا).
قراب: غمد، وعاء يكون فيه السيف. والجمع قرابات (بوشر) وأقربة (محيط المحيط).
قراب: غلاف الكتاب، وعاء الكتاب (المقري 2: 527).
قراب: علبة. (هلو).
قراب، والجمع أقربة: كيس، جراب، حقيبة (فوك).
قريب: ذو القرابة، الداني في النسب. ويجمع على أقارب وقرباء وقرابة. (فوك) وفي معجم بوشر جمعه. قرائب وأقارب.
أسواق قريبة= متقاربة، أي بعضها قريب من بعض. (معجم الإدريسي).
البعيد والقريب: الطبقة الدنيا، عامة الناس، والطبقة العليا، أشراف الناس. وقد تكرر ذكرها في كليلة ودمنة، في (ص206) مثلا.
قريب: حديث العهد. (البلاذري ص24) وقد أسيء تفسيرها في معجم البلاذري، إذ لابد أن يكون معنى العهد الميثاق والاتفاق. وهو ما ذكر في ص23).
عن قريب: عما قليل. (دي ساسي طرائف 2: 239).
هو قريب عهد بفلان: هو حديث عهد بمعرفته. (معجم البلاذري).
قريب: حوالي، زهاء، قرب. يقال مثلا: وهي على قريب فرسخين من مدينة إنطاكية. (معجم البلاذري).
قريب: ابن البلد، ضد غريب. (الثعالبي لطائف ص187).
قريب القعر (ابن جبير ص67) وقريب العمق (ابن جبير ص206) وقريب المنزع وقريب الرشاء (الجوهري والقاموس في مادة بغبغ): قليل العمق.
ويقال: قريب فقط بحذف المضاف إليه. (معجم الإدريسي، ابن جبير ص64).
قريب. سقف قريب: قليل الارتفاع. (معجم الإدريسي).
قناة قريبة الغاية: قناة قصيرة. (دي سلان، تاريخ البربر 1: 413).
قريب: محتمل، قريب من الحق: شبيه بالحق. (بوشر) ويقال أيضا قريب للصحة أي إلى الصحة. (معجم أبي الفدا).
هذا شيء قريب للعقل: هذا شيء محتمل جدا (بوشر).
قريب من: لين الجانب، سهل المقابلة. ففي كتاب الخطيب (ص72 ق): كان مؤثرا للدخول قريبا من كل أحد.
قريب: سهل، هين، يسير. (معجم الإدريسي، ملر ص129، ابن الأثير 9: 445، ابن العوام 2:59).
قريب: في وضع مفضل، في وضع أثير. (معجم الإدريسي).
قريب: بين بين، دون المتوسط، قليل الاعتبار، قليل الشأن، قليل الأهمية. (معجم الإدريسي، ملر ص26، الجريدة الآسيوية 1851، 1: 56، ابن خلكان 1: 734).
قرابة أو قرابة (انظر فلرز): نوع من العلب أو الصناديق ينقل فيها التفاح.
قرابة أو قرابة: قربة؟ لنقل الماء (دي يونج).
قراب: جندي مشاة، راجل. (بوشر).
قراب: سقاء، من يحمل الماء بالقربة إلى المنازل ونحوها. (دومب ص102) وهو يكتبها كراب.
قارب: زورق. وهي باليونانية كسارابس، وعند ازيدور Carabus.
قارب: رئيس. ففي ألف ليلة (برسل 9: 269): يا قارب حرامية، وفي طبعة ماكن: يا رئيس الحرامية.
أقرب. أقرب إليه: حادث في الحال. جار في الحال مباشر، بلا واسطة (بوشر).
الوجه الأقرب للعقل: الفرصة الأكثر إحتمالا، الفرصة الرجحى، الأمر الأرجح. (بوشر).
أقراب: حقيبة المسافر. (دومب ص92).
تقرب. تقربات: إحترام، تقديس. (تاريخ البربر 2: 51).
مواضع التقربات: الأماكن المقدسة. (الفخري ص44).
تقربة: قربان، تقدمة، تضحية. (بوشر).
تقريب. بالتقريب: تقريبا، حوالي. (بوشر، عبد الواحد ص4).
تقريب: تخمين، حساب قريب من الكمية المطلوبة. (بوشر).
تقريب القربان: صلاة التقدمة أو التقديم في القداس، قسم من القداس، تقديم الخبز والخمر (بوشر).
تقريب المريض: مسحة المريض- مسحة المريض الأخيرة (بوشر). تقريبي: تخميني. (بوشر).
مقرب. مقرب بالأهلية: متصل بالنسب، نسيب، صهر. (بوشر).
مقرب عند، مقرب من: ذو صداقة خالصة ومودة صادقة عند. (فوك).
مقرب: متمتع بفضل الله ورعايته. (المقري 1: 883) بتقدير: عند الله.
مقرب: متوسط القامة، ليس بالطويل ولا بالقصير. (فوك).
مقربة: يبدو لي أن ما يذكره فريتاج معنى لهذه الكلمة نقلا عن رايسكه خطأ. ففي نص الماسين (ص123) لا نجد مقربة بل المقاربة (كذا) وأرى إن الصواب المغاربة، وأن الأمر يتصل بثورة للجنود المغاربة (واقرأ وثار).
مقربة. كانت إحدى المقربات في الأنام: كانت إحدى نعم الله التي أنعمها الله على الناس. (دي سلان) تاريخ البربر 2: 139).
مقارب: تقريبا، بالتقريب، حوالي. (بوشر). بياض مقارب، أنظرها في كلمة بياض.
مقارب: بين بين، وسط. (هلو).
مقارب: رديء، سيئ. (الكالا) وفيه (شيء مقارب، وثنا مقارب، وبغامة مقاربة. وفعالة مقاربة).
مقاربة: تقريب، تخمين، حساب قريب من الكمية المطلوبة. (بوشر).
مقاربة: كفاف. دون المتوسط. (هلو).
إقتراب: ميل، توجه إلى مركز واحد. (بوشر).
متقاربة: لاعبو الشطرنج من الدرجة الثانية الذين يأتون بعد أصحاب الدرجة الأولى مباشرة وهؤلاء هم العالية (فإن دن لند تاريخ الشطرنج 1: 106).

دين: دان: مصدره دْينُونة (عباد 3: 83).
ودان ب: صدّف، اعتقد، ففي المقدمة: أدين بأن ذلك دين حق.
وخضع وأطاع، ففي تاريخ ابي الفداء (1: 314): إني إنما قاتلتهم ليدنيوا بحكم كتاب الله. ودان له بالطاعة: خضع له وذل (ابن خلدون تورنبرج ص9) ويقال أيضاً: دان بطاعة فلان (تاريخ البربر 2: 127، 273) ودانوا باتباعه والانقياد إليه (المقدمة 1: 42).
ودان به: قبل الشيء مباحاً، ففي حيان (ص38 و): فعادوا في الجاهلية وتسافكوا الدماء ودانوا بالاستباحة.
ودان به: ألزم نفسه به. ففي رحلة ابن جبير (ص74): من يدين بحب أهل البيت. ودان به: اعتاده، ففي رحلة ابن جبير (ص282): يدنيون بالفتوة وبأمور الرجولة كلها. وفيها (ص288): من يدين بالعجز والتسويف.
كما تدين تدان مثل أي كما تجازي تجازى. وقد قلبه الشاعر فقال: كما تدن تدين. (بدورون ص59، تعليقات ص47).
دَّين: أفره ديناً (الكالا، بوشر).
ودَّين: داين، أقرض (همبرت ص 104).
تدَّين: هذا الفعل مستعمل استعمالاً غريباً في تفسير القرآن للسيوطي طبعة ميرسنج (ص27) في الكلام عن مفتي من نسل الإمام علي - وكان من عادته أن يقول أنا من مذهب الزيدية غير أني أصدر الفتاوى فإني أصدرها على مذهب السلطان (مذهب أبي حنيفة. ثم هو يعبر عن نفس الفكرة بقوله: أنا أفتي بمذهب أبي حنيفة ظاهراً وبمذهب زيد تديناً وينتج من هذا تديناً هي ضد ظاهراً، غير أني لا أدري كيف أترجمها لأن ترجمتها بما معناه (في الحقيقة) لا يمكن تبريرها.
اندين: اندان، أثقل بالدين، أوفر ديناً (بوشر).
استدان: يقال استدان من فلان أي اقترض منه. ففي ابن بطوطة (3: 408): اســتدنــت من التجار مالاً أي اقترضت من التجار مالاً فصرت مديناً لهم.
دين: يجمع على أديان (ديوان الهذليين ص155 قصيدة 15، الكامل ص277).
دين: مقدس، معبد، حرم، مزار. يقال مثلاً: كانت الكعبة دين العرب في الجاهلية (معجم أبي الفداء).
دين: معبود (بوشر).
حصان كثير الدين: سلس القياد، أنيس، هادئ. ففي كتاب العقود (ص2): طويل العنق كثير العف والدين طويل الناحية.
يوم الدين: يوم الحساب في الآخرة (همبرت ص149، كرتاس ص2).
دينيّ: مختص بالدين، متعلق بالدين، نسبة إلى الدين (بوشر).
دّيان (أسبانية): عميد القوم وشيخهم وأقدمهم رتبة (الكالا).
ديانة. ديانات: ما يقال وما يفعل احتراماً للدين (انظر مادة حّمية).
ديانة: مذهب ديني (معجم البيان).
الديانة عند الفقهاء: التنزه (محيط المحيط).
ودِيَانة: رتبة ومنصب عميد القوم وشيخهم (الكالا).
دّين. بنت دينة: أديبة، أنيسة (رولاند).
دّيان: ذكرت في معجم فوك في مادة لاتينية معناها: القاضي والحاكم، والسائس.
ودّيان: ناسك، زاهد (المعجم اللاتيني العربي) ودّيان: مدين، مديون (هلو).
مُدين: تقي، ورع (رسالة إلى فليشر ص183).
مُدّين: تقي، ورع (همبرت ص147).
مِدْيان: ناسك، متعبد، تقي (المعجم اللاتيني العربي).
مُدَاينّي، جمعه مداينية: دائن (بوشر).