عفص

1 عَفَصَ الشَّىْءَ, aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. عَفْصٌ, (TK,) He doubled, folded, or bent, the thing. (K.) Hence عِفَاصُ القَارُورَةِ. (TA.) b2: عَفَصَ القَارُورَةَ, (Fr, S, A, O, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (Msb, K,) inf. n. عَفْصٌ, (Msb,) He tied, or bound, the عِفَاص (q. v.) upon the flask, or bottle; (S, A, * O, K;) as also ↓ اعفصها: (K:) or he put the عفاص upon the head of the bottle; and so, accord. to some, ↓ the latter also: (Msb:) or ↓ the latter signifies he made for it, or put to it, (جَعَلَ لَهَا,) an عفاص; (Fr, S, O, Msb;) and so, (Fr, O, Msb,) accord. to some, (Msb,) the former also; (Fr, O, Msb;) each having two meanings: (Msb:) and the former, also, he stopped the bottle with a stopper. (A) b3: عَفَصَهُ, aor. ـِ He pulled it out or forth. (K.) And عَفَصْتُ أُذُنَيْهِ I pulled towards me its ears; namely, the ears of a head that I was eating. (Ibn-'Abbád, O.) And IAar allows this verb with س as well as with ص. (TA.) b4: See also 8. b5: عَفَصَ يَدَهُ He twisted his arm, or hand. (O, K.) b6: عَفَصَهُ, (O, K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. عَفْصٌ, (TA,) He weakened, or enervated, him, (أَثْخَنَهُ,) in wrestling. (O, K.) b7: And عَفَصَهَا He compressed her, (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K,) namely, a woman, (Ibn-'Abbád, O,) or his young woman. (K.) 2 عَفَّصَ [عفّص الثَّوْبَ He dyed the garment, or piece of cloth, with عَفْص, or galls. See the pass. part. n., below.]4 اعفص القَارُورَةَ: see 1, in three places.

A2: اعفص الحِبْرَ He put عَفْص [or galls] into the ink. (TA.) 8 اعتفص مِنْهُ حَقَّهُ He took from him his right, or due; (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K;) as also ↓ عَفَصَ. (O, K. *) عَفْصٌ [Galls: and the trees which bear them:] a certain thing well known, (Msb, K,) of which ink is made, (S, O, TA,) and with which one tans; (Msb;) the produce of the tree called بَلُّوط [or oak]: (L, TA:) or applied to the trees [which bear it] and to the fruit [thereof]: (K:) or a certain tree of the kind called بَلُّوط, which [is also the name of a produce of that tree, i. e., of the acorn, (both of which applications are agreeable with modern usage,) like as عَفْصٌ is also the name of another produce thereof, i. e., the gall, or gallnut; for it is said that this tree] bears one year بَلُّوط, and another year عَفْص, (Lth, O, K,) of which ink is made: (CK:) it is not of the growth of the land of the Arabs: (IB, TA:) it is astringent; drying; having the quality of repelling effluent matters; and strengthening flaccid and weak members; (K, TA;) and especially the teeth; (TA;) and when steeped in vinegar, it blackens the hair: (K:) the word is post-classical; (S, O, K;) not of the language of the people of the desert: (S, IF, O, Msb:) or it is Arabic; (AHn, O, K;) and from it is derived ↓ عُفُوصَةٌ, signifying “ a taste in which is astringency and bitterness; ” as also the epithet ↓ عَفِصٌ, applied to a taste. (AHn, O.) عَفَصٌ A twisting in the nose: (O, K:) so they say. (O.) عَفِصٌ A taste (AHn, S, O, Msb) having an astringent quality, (AHn, S, O, Msb, K,) and bitterness, (AHn, O, K,) which render swallowing difficult; (TA;) disagreeable and choking; or disagreeable, with dryness and bitterness; or rough; syn. بَشِعٌ. (TA.) See عَفْصٌ.

عَفْصِىٌّ [app. A seller of عَفْص, or galls. Five relaters of traditions of whom each bore this appellation are mentioned in the TA.]

عِفَاصٌ The receptacle in which is put money or the like that one expends, (A'Obeyd, Az, A, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) or, as some say, in which is the pastor's money or the like that he expends, (TA,) made of skin, or of a piece of rag, or other material. (A'Obeyd, Az, A, * Mgh, O, Msb, K. *) b2: And hence, (A'Obeyd, O, Az, &c.,) The skin with which the head of a flask, or bottle, is covered: (A 'Obeyd, Az, S, A, Mgh, O, Msb, K:) it is said to be its صِمَام [or stopper]; (Az, Mgh, O, Msb;) by Lth; (Az, O, Msb;) but the right explanation is that given by A 'Obeyd: (Az, Msb:) that which enters into its mouth is the صِمَام: (S:) or it has this latter signification also: (A:) or it signifies accord. to El-Ghooree, (Mgh,) or signifies also, (A, K,) the case (غِلَاف [which has app. been misunderstood as meaning the skin cover of the head of a flask or bottle, before mentioned.]) of a flask, or bottle: (A, Mgh, O, K:) but the first is the explanation that is preferred. (Mgh.) [See 1, first signification.) عُفُوصَةٌ in taste, (S,) Astringency (S, K) and bitterness, (K,) which render swallowing difficult: (TA:) a taste in which is astringency and bitterness: derived from عَفْصٌ, q. v. (AHn, O.) [See also عَفِصٌ.]

مُعَفَّصٌ A garment, or piece of cloth, dyed with عَفْص [or galls]. (O, K.) مِعْفَاصٌ A young woman extremely evil in disposition: but the مِعْقَاص (with ق) is more evil than she. (IAar, O, K.)

لكك
{لكَّهُ} يَلُكُّه {لكًّا: ضَرَبَه مثل صَكَّهُ، كَمَا فِي الصِّحاحِ، وقِيل: ضَرَبَه بجُمْعِهِ فِي قَفاهُ. أَو هُوَ إِذا ضَرَبَه فدَفَعَه فِي صَدْرِه، وقالَ الأصْمَعِي: صَكَمْتُه، ولَكَمْتُه وصَكَكْتُه، ودَكَكْتُه،} ولَكَكْتُه، كُله: إِذا دَفَعْتَهُ.
(و) {لَكَّ اللَّحْمَ يَلُكُّه لكًّا: فَصَّلَه عَن عِظامِه عَن ابْنِ دُرَيْد.

} واللِّكاكُ، ككِتاب: الزِّحامُ وأَنْشَد اللَّيْثُ: وِرْدًا على خَنْدَقِه لِكاكَا (و) {اللِّكاكُ: الشَّدِيدَةُ اللَّحْم من النُّوقِ: المَرمِيَّةُ بِهِ رَمْيًا} كاللكِّيَّةِ، {واللُّكالِكِ، بضَمِّهِما، قَالَ المُثَقِّبُ:

(حَتّى تُلُوفِيت} بلُكِّيَّةٍ ... تامِكَةِ الحارِكِ والمُوفِدِ)
وَقَالَ آخَرُ: أَرْسَلْتُ فِيها قَطِمًا {لُكالِكا مِنَ الذَّرِيحِيّاتِ جَعْدًا آرِكَا يَقْصُرُ مَشْيًا ويَطُولُ بارِكَا ج:} لُكَكٌ، كصُرَدٍ، الصوابُ: ككُتُب وكِتابٍ أَيْضًا على لَفْظِ الواحِدِ وِإن اخْتَلَف التَّأْوِيلانِ.
وقالَ أَبوُ عُبَيد: العَظِيمُ من الجِمالِ، حَكاهُ عَن الفَرّاءِ وَفِي الصِّحاحِ: جَمَلٌ {لُكالِكٌ، أَي ضَخْمٌ.
والْتَكَّ الوِرْدُ: ازْدَحَم وضَرَبَ بعضُه بَعْضًا، وَهُوَ مَجازٌ، وَمِنْه قولُ الرّاجِزِ يَذْكُر قَلِيبًا: صَبَّحْنَ مِنْ وَشْحَى قَلِيباً سُكَّا يَطْمُو إِذا الوِرْدُ عليهِ الْتَكَّا)
والْتكَّ العَسكَرُ: تَضامَّ وتَداخَلَ، فَهُوَ لكِيكٌ مُتضامٌّ مُتداخِلٌ، وَهُوَ مجَاز.
والْتَكَّ فِي كَلامِه: أَخْطَأَ.
والْتَكَّ فِي حُجَّتِه: أَبْطَأَ، كَمَا فِي المُحْكَم.
} واللَّك: الخَلْطُ، كَمَا فِي العُبابِ.
(و) {اللَّكُّ: الصُّلْبُ المُكْتَنِزُ من اللَّحْم،} كاللَّكِيكِ كأَمِير، قالَه ابنُ دُرَيْدٍ، وأَنْشَد لامْرئَ القَيس:
(وظَلَّ صِحابي يَشْتَوُونَ بنَعْمَةٍ ... يَضُفُّون غارًا {باللَّكِيكِ المُوَشَّقِ)
أَي: مَلَئُوا الغارَ من لَحْمِها.
واللَّكُّ: نَباتٌ يُصْبَغُ بِهِ وَقَالَ اللَّيثُ: صِبغٌ أَحْمر يُصْبَغُ بِهِ جُلودُ البَقَرِ، وَهُوَ مُعًرّبٌ، وَفِي بعضِ النسَخِ: وَهُوَ مَعْرُوف، وَفِي الصِّحاحِ: شَيْء أَحمَرُ يُصْبَغُ بِهِ جُلُود المَعْزِ وَغَيره، زَاد غَيره: للخِفافِ وغيرِها.
(و) } اللك بالضّمِّ: ثُفْلُه كَمَا فِي الصِّحاح أَو عُصارَتُه كَمَا فِي المُحْكمِ، وَهِي الَّتِي يُصْبَغُ بهَا، قَالَ الرّاعِي يَصِفُ رَقْمَ هَوادِج الأَعْرابِ: بأَحْمَرَ مِن {لُكِّ العِراقِ وأَصْفَرا وشُربُ دِرْهَمٍ مِنْهُ نافِعٌ للخَفَقانِ واليَرَقانِ والاسْتِسقاءِ وأَوْجاعِ الكَبِدِ والمَعِدَةِ والطِّحالِ والمَثانَةِ، ويُهْزِلُ السِّمانَ. أَو هُوَ بالضّمِّ: مَا يُنْحَتُ من الجلُودِ المَصــبوغَــةِ} باللكِّ زادَ الصاغانيُّ: وِإنما هُوَ ثُفْلُه، قُلْتُ: فهما قولٌ واحِدٌ فيُشَدُّ بهِ نُصُبُ السَّكاكِينِ، وَفِي الصِّحاحِ: ويُرَكَّبُ بِهِ النَّصْلُ فِي النِّصابِ وَقد يُفْتَح، وَقَالَ ابنُ بَريّ: وقِيلَ: لَا يُسَمّى {لُكًّا بالضمِّ إِلاْ إِذا طُبخَ واسْتُخْرِجَ صِبغُه.
(و) } اللُّكّ، بالأَنْدَلس من أَعْمالِ فَحْصِ البَلُّوطِ.
واللُّكُّ أَيضًا: بَين الإِسْكَنْدَرِيَّةِ وطَرابُلُسِ الغَربِ من أَعمال بَرقَةَ. قلتُ: وَمِنْه أَبو الحَسَنِ أَحْمَدُ بن القاسِم بنِ الرَّبّانِ المِصْرِيُّ المَعْرِوفُ {- باللُّكِّي، روى جُزْءَ نُبَيطِ بنِ شُرَيْطٍ الأَشْجَعِي عَن أبي جَعْفَرٍ أَحْمَدَ بن إِسْحاقَ بنِ إِبْراهِيمَ بنِ نُبَيطِ بنِ شُرَيْطٍ عَن أَبِيهِ عَن جَدِّهِ، وَعنهُ الحافِظُ أَبو نُعَيم، وَهَذَا الجُزْءُ عِنْدِي.
واللُّكُّ: الصلْبُ المُكْتَنِزُ لَحْمًا،} كاللَّكِيكِ كأَمِيرٍ، وَهَذِه عَن الجَوْهَرِيِّ، وَهُوَ مثلُ الدَّخِيسِ، واللَّدِيمِ وَهُوَ المَرمى باللَّحْمِ، وجَمْعُه {لِكاكٌ.
} والمُلَكَّكُ كمُعَظَّم مثلُه، قَالَ الصّاغاني: وَهُوَ الكَثِير {اللَّكِيًك.
وسَكْرانُ} مُلْتَكٌّ أَي: يابِسٌ سُكْراً مثل مُلْتَج.
{واللُّكْلُكُ، كهُدْهُدٍ: القَصِير وَهُوَ قَلْبُ الكُلْكُل.)
(و) } اللُّكْلُكُ: الضَّحْمُ من الإِبِلِ.
(و) ! اللَّكِيكُ كأَمِيرٍ: القَطِرانُ عَن ابنِ عَبّادٍ.
واللَّكِيكُ: شَجَرَةٌ ضَعِيفَةٌ نقَلَه الصَّاغَانِي.
واللَكِيكُ: قالَ الراعِي: (إِذا هَبَطَتْ بَطْنَ اللَّكِيكِ تَجاوَبَتْ ... بهِ واطَّباهَا رَوْضَهُ وأَبارِقُهْ)
ورَواه ابنُ جَبَلَة {اللُّكاك كغُرابٍ وضَبَطَه الصّاغانيُ بالكَسرِ، وقالَ: هُوَ فِي دِيارِ بني عامِرٍ، وقالَ غيرُه: بحَزْنِ بني يَربُوعٍ وأَنْشَد الصّاغاني لمُضَرسِ بنِ رِبْعِي:
(كَأَنِّي طَلبتُ الغاضِرِيّاتِ بَعْدَمَا ... عَلَوْنَ اللِّكاكَ فِي نَقِيبٍ ظَواهِرَا)
} واللَّكَّاءُ: الجُلودُ المَصْــبوغَــةُ باللّك اسمٌ للجَمْعِ كالشَّجْراءِ.
وَمِمَّا يسْتَدرك عَلَيْهِ: فَرَسٌ {لَكِيكُ اللَّحْمِ والخَلْقِ: مُجْتَمِعُه.
ورَجُلٌ} - لُكِّيٌ: مُكْتَنِزُ اللَّحْم.
{ولُكَّتْ بهِ: قُذِفَتْ، قَالَ الأعْلَمُ:
(عَنَّتْ لَهُ سَفْعاءُ} لُكتْ ... بالبَضِيعِ لَها الجَنائِبْ)
{ولُكَّ لَحْمُه} لكًّا، فهُوَ {مَلْكُوكٌ.
} واللّك: الضَّغْط، يُقَال: {لَكَكتُه لكاً.
وجِلْدٌ} مَلْكُوك: مَصْــبُوغٌ {باللُّكِّ.
} واللَّكَّةُ: الشِّدَّة والدَّفْعَهُ والوَطْأَةُ، وجَعَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ {- لَكَّتِي،} - ولاكَّتِي، أَي: شِدَّتِي ووَطْأَتِي.
وناقة {مُلَكَّكَةٌ، كمُعَظَّمَة: سَمِينَةٌ.
} واللكْلُوكُ، بالضّمِّ: هُوَ اللَّولَكُ الَّذِي يُلْبَسُ فِي الرجْلِ، عامِّيةٌ.

قد

1 قَدَّهُ, aor. ـُ (S, M, O, L, Msb,) inf. n. قَدٌّ; (S, M, A, O, L, Msb, K;) and ↓ قدّدهُ, (M, L,) [but this app. has an intensive signification, or denotes repetition of the action, or its relation to several objects,] inf. n. تَقْدِيدٌ; (L, K;) and ↓ اقتدّهُ, (M, L,) inf. n. اِقْتِدَادٌ; (K;) He cut it in an enlongated form; or lengthwise: (IDrd, M, L, K:) or slit, split, clave, rent, or divided, it, (namely, a thong, &c., S, O, L, and a garment, or piece of cloth, L,) lengthwise: (S, M, A, O, L, Msb, K:) and he cut it off entirely: (M, L, K:) or he cut it, or cut it off, in an absolute sense: (TA:) he cut it, namely, a skin: and he rent it, namely, a garment, or piece of cloth, or the like. (L.) One says, ضَرَبَهُ بِالسَّيْفِ فَقَدَّهُ بِنِصْفَيْنِ [He smote him with the sword and clave him in halves,] (L, Msb, *) or قَدَّهُ نِصْفَيْنِ. (A.) And قَدَّ القَلَمَ وَقَطَّهُ [He slit the writing-reed, and nibbed it, or cut off its point breadthwise, or crosswise]: (A, TA:) [for] قَطَّهُ is opposed to قَدَّهُ: (S and TA in art. قط:) and both of these verbs occur in a trad. describing 'Alee's different modes of cutting [with the sword] when contracting himself and when stretching himself up. (TA.) b2: And [hence] قَدَّ, (S, M, A, L,) inf. n. قَدٌّ, (M, L, K,) (tropical:) He clave, cut through by journeying, or passed through, the desert, (S, M, A, O, L, K,) and the night. (M, L) b3: and قَدَّ بِهِ الطَّرِيقُ, (so in a copy of the M,) or قَدَّتْهُ الطَّرِيقُ, (so in the L and TA,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (M, L, TA,) i. q. قَطَعَهُ (M) or قَطَعَتْهُ (L, TA) (tropical:) [The road cut him off, app. from his companions, or from the object of his journey: compare قَطَعَ بِهِ and قُطِعَ بِهِ]. b4: And قَدَّ الكَلَامَ, (M, L,) inf. n. as above, (M, L, K,) i. q. قَطَعَهُ (M, L, K *) and شَقَّهُ (M, L) [both of which explanations may here mean, as قَطَعَ الكَلَامَ generally does, (assumed tropical:) He cut short, or broke off, the speech; or ceased from speaking: or both may here mean, as قَطَعَ الكَلَامَ sometimes does, he articulated speech, or the speech: compare this latter rendering with an explanation of شَقَّقَ الكَلَامَ]. b5: [قَدَّهُ also signifies He cut it out, or shaped it, in any manner, whether lengthwise or otherwise; like قَتَّهُ: see this latter, and a verse cited as an ex. of its inf. n.: and see also a saying near the end of the first paragraph of art. فرى. Hence] قُدَّ فُلَانٌ قَدَّ السَّيْفِ [Such a one was shaped with the shaping of the sword] means (tropical:) such a one was made goodly, or beautiful, in respect of التَّقْطِيع [i. e. conformation, or proportion, &c., like as is the sword]. (S, O, L, TA.) [See also قَدٌّ, below.] b6: And قُدّ means also (assumed tropical:) He suffered a pain [app. what may be termed a cutting pain] in the belly, called قُدَاد. (M, L, K.) 2 قَدَّّ see 1, first sentence. b2: [Hence,] قدّد, (as implied in the L,) or قدّد اللَّحْمَ, (A, O, *) inf. n. تَقْدِيدٌ, (O, L,) He made قَدِيد [i. e. he cut flesh-meat into strips, or oblong pieces, and spread them in the sun, or salted them and spread them in the sun, to dry]. (L.) A2: قدّد عَلَيهِ, said of a garment, It fitted him, or suited him, in size and length. (L, from a trad.) 4 اقدّ عَلَيْهِ, said of food, (assumed tropical:) It occasioned him a pain in the belly, termed قُدَاد. (IKtt, TA.) 5 تَقَدَّّ see 7. b2: تقدّد said of a garment, or piece of cloth, It was, or became, much slit or rent. or ragged, or tattered, (O, K, TA,) and old and worn out. (TA.) b3: And, said of flesh-meat, quasi-pass. of 2, [i. e. It was, or became, cut into strips, or oblong pieces, and spread in the sun, or salted and spread in the sun, and so dried.]. (O.) b4: And, said of a company of men (قَوْمٌ), It became separated (S, M, O, L, K) into قِدَد [or parties, &c., pl. of قِدَّةٌ, q. v.]. (M, L.) b5: Also, said of a thing, (TA,) [perhaps from the same v. said of flesh-meat,] It was, or became, dry; or it dried, or dried up. (K, TA.) b6: And تقدّدت said of a she-camel, She became somewhat lean (O, K) after having been fat: (O:) or she became fat, (TA,) or began to become fat, after having been lean. (K, TA.) 7 انقدّ, (S, M, A, O, L, Msb, K,) and ↓ تقدّد, (M, L, K,) [but the latter app. has an intensive signification, or is said of a number of things,] the former said of a skin, and of a garment, or piece of cloth, (A,) not said of aught except some such thing as a bag for travelling-provisions and for goods or utensils &c., and such as clothing, (O,) It became cut in an elongated form; or lengthwise: (L, K:) or became slit, split, cloven, rent, or divided, lengthwise: (S, M, A, O, L, Msb, K:) or became cut off entirely: (M, L, K:) or became cut, or cut off. (TA.) 8 إِقْتَدَ3َ see 1, first sentence. b2: اقتدّ الأُمُورَ means (tropical:) He considered the affairs, forcasting their issues, or results, and discriminated them: (S, O, K:) or he devised the affairs, and considered what would be their issues, or results. (M.) 10 استقدّ (tropical:) It contained, or continued in one manner, or state. (Ibn-'Abbád, A, O, K,) لَهُ to him. (A.) And (assumed tropical:) It (an affair, TA) was, or became, uniform, or even in its tenour. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K, TA.) And استقدّت الإِبِلُ (assumed tropical:) The camels went on undeviatingly, in one course, way, or manner: (O, K:) so says AA. (O.) قَدْ is a noun and a particle: (S, O, Mughnee, K:) and as a noun it is used in two ways. (Mughnee, K.) b2: (I) It is a noun syn. with حَسْبُ; (S, O, Mughnee, K;) generally used indeclinably; (Mughnee, K;) thus accord. to the Basrees; with the د quiescent; (TA;) because resembling قَدْ the particle in respect of the letters composing it, and many other particles in respect of its form, (Mughnee, TA,) such as عَنْ and بَلْ &c.: (TA:) one says, قَدْ زَيْدٍ دِرْهَمٌ [The sufficiency of Zeyd (i. e. what is sufficient for Zeyd) is a dirhem], (Mughnee, K,) with the د quiescent; (Mughnee, * K, * TA;) and قَدِى (S, O) and قَدْنِى (S, O, Mughnee) [both] meaning حَسْبِى [My sufficiency (i. e. what is sufficient for me)]; (S, O;) the ن in قَدْنِى being inserted in order to preserve the quiescence [of the final letter of the noun] because this is the original characteristic of what they make indeclinable; (Mughnee;) but the insertion of the ن in this case is anomalous, for it is [by rule] only added in verbs, by way of precaution, [to prevent the confusion of the pronominal affix of the verb and that of the noun,] as in ضَرَبَنِى: (S, O:) [see, however, in the next sentence, an explanation of قَدْنِى accord. to which the ن is inserted regularly:] accord. to Yaakoob, using قَدْ in the sense of حَسْبُ, one says, مَا لَكَ عِنْدِى إِلَّا هٰذَا فَقَدْ i. e. فَقَطْ [There is nothing for thee with me, or nothing due to thee in my possession, except this, and it is a thing sufficient, or it is enough, فَقَطْ being held to signify properly فَحَسْبُ, but it is commonly used as meaning and no more]; and he asserts it [i. e. قَدْ] to be a substitute [for قَطْ]: (M:) and it is also used declinably; (Mughnee, K;) thus accord. to the Koofees; (TA;) but this is rare: (Mughnee:) one says قَدُ زَيْدٍ, making it marfooa, (Mughnee, K,) like as one says حَسْبُهُ; and قَدِى without ن [as mentioned above,] like as one says حَسْبِى. (Mughnee.) b3: (2) It is also a verbal noun, syn. with يَكْفِى: one says, قَدْ زَيْدًا دِرْهَمٌ [A dirhem suffices, or will suffice, Zeyd], and قَدْنِى دِرْهَمٌ [A dirhem suffices, or will suffice, me]; (Mughnee, K;) like as one says يَكْفِى زَيْدًا دِرْهَمٌ, and يَكْفِيْنِى دِرْهَمٌ. (Mughnee, K. *) A2: As a particle, it is used peculiarly with a verb, (Mughnee, K,) [i. e.] as such it is not preposed to anything except a verb, (S, O,) either a pret. or an aor. , (TA,) from which it is not separated unless by an oath, (Mughnee,) such as is perfectly inflected, enunciative, (Mughnee, K,) not an imperative, (TA,) affirmative, and free from anything that would render it mejzoom or man-soob, and from what is termed حَرْف تَنْفِيس [i. e.

سَوْفُ and its variants]: and it has six meanings. (Mughnee, K.) b2: (1) It denotes expectation: (M, Mughnee, K:) and when it is with an aor. , this is evident; (Mughnee;) one says قَدْ يَقْدَمُ الغَائِبُ, (Mughnee, K,) meaning It is expected that the absent will come: (TA:) and most affirm that it is thus used with a pret.: (Mughnee:) accord. to some, (M,) it is used in reply to the saying لَمَّا يَفْعَلْ [i. e. “ He has not yet done ” such a thing, which implies expectation that he would do it]; (S, M, O;) the reply being, قَدْفَعَلَ [Already he has done the thing]: (M:) and Kh asserts that it is used in reply to persons expecting information; (S, M, * O, Mughnee;) [for to such] you say, قَدْ مَاتَ فَلَانٌ [Already such a one has died]; but if one inform him who does not expect it, he does not say thus, but he says [merely] مَاتَ فُلَانٌ: (S, O:) thus some say قَدْ رَكِبَ الأَمِيرُ [Already the commander has mounted his horse] to him who expects his mounting: some, however, disallow that قَدْ is used to denote expectation with the pret. because the pret. denotes what is already past; and hence it appears that those who affirm it to be so used mean that the pret. denotes what was expected before the information: (Mughnee: [in which it is added, with some other observations, that, in the opinion of its author, it does not denote expectation even with the aor. ; because the saying يَقْدَمُ الغَئِبُ denotes expectation without قَدْ:]) MF says, What we have been orally taught by the sheykhs in ElAndalus is this, that it is a particle denoting the affirmation of truth, or certainty, when it occurs before a pret., and a particle denoting expectation when it occurs before a future. (TA.) b3: (2) It denotes the nearness of the past to the present: (O, Mughnee, K:) so in the saying قَدْ قَامَ زَيْدٌ [Zeyd has just, or just now, stood; a meaning often intended by saying merely, has stood]; (Mughnee, K;) for this phrase without قد may mean the near past and the remote past; (Mughnee;) and so in the saying of the muëdhdhin, قَدْ قَامَتِ الصَّلَاةُ [The time of the rising to prayer has just come, or simply has come]: (O:) [and, when thus used, it is often immediately preceded by the pret. or aor. of the verb كَانَ; thus you say, كَانَ قَدْ ذَهَبَ He had just, or simply had, gone away; and يَكُونُ قَدْ ذَهَبَ He will, or shall, have just, or simply have gone away:] and accord. to the Basrees, except Akh, it must be either expressed or understood immediately before a pret. used as a denotative of state; as in [the saying in the Kur ii. 247,] وَمَا لَنَا أَلَّا نُقَاتِلُ فِى سَبِيلِ اللّٰهِ وَقَدْ أُخْرِجْنَا مِنْ دِيَارِنَا وَأَبْنَائِنَا [And what reason have we that we should not fight in the cause of God when we have been expelled from our abodes and our children?]; and in [the saying in the Kur iv. 92,] أَوْ جَاؤُوكُمْ حَصِرَتْ صُدُورُهُمْ أنْ يُقَاتِلُوكَمْ [Or who come to you, their bosoms being contracted so that they are incapable of fighting you, or their bosoms shrinking from fighting you]; but the Koofees and Akh says that this is not required, because of the frequent occurrence of the pret. as a denotative of state without قَدْ, and [because] the primary rule is that there should be no meaning, or making, anything to be understood, more especially in the case of that which is in frequent use: (Mughnee:) Sb [however] does not allow the use of the pret. as a denotative of state without قَدْ; and he makes حصرت صدورهم to be an imprecation [meaning may their bosoms become contracted]: (S in art. حصر; in which art. in the present work see more on this subject:) and the inceptive لَ is prefixed to it like of the saying, إِنَّ زَيْدًا لَقَدْ قَامَ [Verily Zeyd has just stood, or has stood]; because the primary rule is that it is to be prefixed to the noun, and it is prefixed to the aor. because it resembles the noun, and when the pret. denotes a time near to the present it resembles the aor. and therefore it is allowable to prefix it thereto. (Mughnee.) [See also the two sentences next after what is mentioned below as the sixth meaning.] b4: (3) It denotes rareness, or paucity; (Mughnee, K;) either of the act signified by the verb, (Mughnee,) as in [the saying], قَدْ يَصْدُقُ الكَذُوبُ [In some few instances the habitual liar speaks truth]; (Mughnee, K;) or of what is dependent upon that act, as in [the saying in the Kur xxiv. last verse,] قَدْ يَعْلَمُ مَا

أَنْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ [as though] meaning أَنَّ مَا هُمْ عَلَيْهِ هُوَ

أَقَلُّ مَعْلُومَاتِهِ [so that it should be rendered At least He knoweth that state of conduct and mind to which ye are conforming yourselves]: but some assert that in these exs. and the like thereof it denotes the affirmation of truth, or certainty; [as will be shown hereafter;] and that the denoting of rareness, or paucity, in the former ex. is not inferred from قَدْ, but from the saying الكَذُوبُ يَصْدُقٌ. (Mughnee.) b5: (4) It denotes frequency; (Mughnee, K;) [i. e.] sometimes (S, O) it is used as syn. with رُبَّمَا [as denoting frequency, as well as with رُبَّمَا in the contr. sense, mentioned in the next preceding sentence]: (S, M, O:) thus in the saying (S, M, O, Mughnee, K) of the Hudhalee, (M, Mughnee,) or 'Abeed Ibn-El-Abras, (IB, TA,) قَدْ أَتْرُكُ القِرْنَ مُصْفَرًّا أَنَامِلُهُ [Often I leave the antagonist having his fingers' ends become yellow]. (S, M, O, Mughnee, K.) b6: (5) It denotes the affirmation of truth, or certainty: thus in [the saying in the Kur xci. 9,] قَدْ أَفْلَحَ مَنْ زَكَّاهَا [Verily, or certainly, or indeed, or really, he prospereth, or will prosper, who purifieth it; (namely, his soul;) each pret. here occupying the place of a mejzoom aor. ]: (Mughnee, K:) and thus accord. to some in [the saying in the Kur xxiv. last verse, of which another explanation has been given above,] قَدْ يَعْلَمُ مَا أَنْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ [Verily, or certainly, &c., He knoweth that state of conduct and mind to which ye are conforming yourselves]. (Mughnee.) b7: (6) It denotes negation, (Mughnee, K,) accord. to ISd, (Mughnee,) occupying the place of مَا, (M,) in the saying, قَدْ كُنْتَ فِى خَيْرٍ فَتَعْرِفَهُ, (M, Mughnee, K,) with تعرف mansoob, [as though meaning Thou wast not in prosperity, that thou shouldst know it,] (Mughnee, K,) heard from one of the chaste in speech: (M:) but this is strange. (Mughnee.) b8: [When it is used to denote the nearness of the past to the present, as appears to be indicated by the context in the O,] قَدْ may be separated from the verb by an oath; as in قَدْ وَاللّٰهِ أَحْسَنْتَ [Thou hast, by God, done well] and قَدْ لَعَمْرِى بِتُّ سَاهِرًا [I have, by my life, or by my religion, passed the night sleepless]. (O, Mughnee. [In the latter, this and what here next follows are mentioned before the explanations of the meanings of the particle; probably because the meaning in these cases can hardly be mistaken.]) And the verb may be suppressed after it, (M, * O, Mughnee,) when its meaning is apprehended, (O,) or because of an indication; (Mughnee;) as in the saying of En-Nábighah (M, O, Mughnee) Edh-Dhubyánee, (O,) أَفِدَ التَّرَحُّلُ غَيْرَ أَنَّ رِكَابَنَا لَمَّا تَزُلْ بِرِحَالِنَا وَكَأَنْ قَدِ [The time of departure has drawn near, though the camels that we ride have not left with our utensils and apparatus for travelling, but it is as though they had (left)]; meaning كَأَنْ قَدْ زَالَتْ. (M, O, Mughnee.) b9: If you make قَدْ an اِسْم [i. e. a subst. or a proper name], you characterize it by teshdeed: therefore you say, كَتَبْتُ قَدًّا حَسَنَةً [I wrote a beautiful قد]; and so you do in the case of كَىْ and هُوَ and لَوْ; because these words have no indication of what is deficient in them [supposing them to be originally of three radical letters], therefore it is requisite to add to the last letter of each what is of the same kind as it, and this is incorporated into it: but not in the case of ا; for in this case you add ء; thus if you name a man لَا, or مَا, and then add at the end of it ا, you make it ء; for you make the second ا movent, and ا when movent becomes ء: (S, O:) so says J, [and Sgh has followed him in the O,] and such is the opinion of Akh and of a number of the grammarians of El-Basrah [and of El-Koofeh (MF)], and F has quoted this passage in the B and left it uncontradicted: but IB says, (TA,) [and after him F in the K,] this is a mistake: that only is characterized by teshdeed of which the last letter is infirm: you say, for هُوَ, (IB, K,) used as the name of a man, (IB,) هُوٌّ, (IB, K,) and for لَوْ you say لَوٌّ, and for فِى you say فِىٌّ; (IB;) and such is characterized by teshdeed only in order that the word may not be reduced to one letter on account of the quiescence of the infirm letter [which would disappear] with tenween [as it does in دَمٌ and يَدٌ &c.]: (K:) but as to قَدْ, if you use it as a name, you say قَدٌ; (IB, K;) and for مَنْ you say مَنٌ, and for عَنْ you say عَنٌ; (K;) like يَدٌ (IB, K) and دَمٌ &c.: (K:) F, however, [following IB,] is wrong in calling J's statement a mistake; though the rule given by him [and IB] is generally preferred. (MF, TA.) قَدٌّ The skin of a lamb or kid: (M, A, L, Msb, K:) or [only] of a kid: (S, O, L:) or, accord. to IDrd, a small skin, but of what kind he does not say: (M, L:) pl. (of pauc., S) أَقُدٌّ and (of mult., S) قِدَادٌ (ISk, S, M, L, Msb, K) and [of pauc. also] أَقِدَّةٌ, which is extr. (M, L.) Hence the saying, ↓ فُلَانٌ مَا يَعْرِفُ القَدَّ مِنَ القِدِّ Such a one knows not the skin of a lamb, or kid, from the thong. (A.) And hence, (O, K,) it is said in a prov., (S, M, A, O,) مَا يَجْمَلُ قَدَّكَ إِلَى أَدِيمِكَ (S, M, A, O, K) What approximates thy skin of a lamb, or kid, to thy hide [of a full-grown beast]? meaning, accord. to Th, (assumed tropical:) what makes the great to be like the little? (M: [or the little to be like the great?]) or meaning what induces thee to make thy small affair [appear] great? (S:) or what approximates thy small [affair] to thy great? (O, K:) applied to him who transgresses his proper limit; (M, O, K;) and to him who compares the contemptible with the noble. (O, K.) b2: See also قِدٌّ, in two places.

A2: Also (assumed tropical:) The measure, quantity, size, or bulk, (M, L, Msb, K,) of a thing: (M, L:) (tropical:) the conformation, or proportion, syn. تَقْطِيع, (S, M, A, O, L, K,) of a thing, (M, L,) or of a young woman, (A,) or of a man: (K:) (tropical:) the stature, syn. قَامَة, (S, A, O, L, K,) of a man: (K:) (assumed tropical:) his justness of form, or symmetry: (M, L, K:) and (assumed tropical:) his figure, person, or whole body: (M, L:) pl. [of pauc.] أَقُدٌّ (M, L, K) and أَقِدَّةٌ, (K,) which is extr., (TA,) and [of mult.] قُدُودٌ (M, L, K) and قِدَادٌ. (K.) One says, هٰذَا عَلَى قَدِّ ذَاكَ (assumed tropical:) This is equal in measure, quantity, size, or bulk, to that; is like that. (Msb.) And شَىْءٌ حَسَنُ القَدِّ (assumed tropical:) A thing goodly, or beautiful, in respect of conformation, or proportion. (L.) And جَارِيَةٌ حَسَنَةُ القَدِّ (tropical:) A young woman goodly, or beautiful, in respect of stature, and of conformation, or proportion. (A.) And غُلَامٌ حَسَنُ القَدِّ (assumed tropical:) A young man goodly, or beautiful, in respect of justness of form, or symmetry, and in person, or the whole of his body. (M, L.) A3: See, again, قِدٌّ.

A4: By the phrase يَا وَيْلَ قَدٍّ, addressed to Mikdád, in a verse of Jereer, is meant يَا وَيْلَ مِقْدَادٍ [O, woe to thee Mikdád]; the poet restricting himself to some of the letters [of the name]: an instance [more obviously] of a similar kind is سَلَّام used by El-Hoteiäh for سُلَيْمَان. (O.) قُدٌّ A certain marine fish, (O, K,) the eating of which is said to increase [the faculty of] الجِمَاع. (O.) قِدٌّ A thing that is مَقْدُود [i. e. cut in an elongated form, &c.]. (M, L.) b2: [And hence] A thong cut from an untanned skin, (S, M, * A, O, * L, Msb, K,) with which sandals or shoes are sewed, (M, * L, Msb,) and with which a captive is bound; (A;) pl. أَقُدٌّ: (S, O, L:) and [as a coll. gen. n.] thongs, cut from an untanned skin, with which camels' saddles and [the vehicles called]

مَحَامِل are bound: (M, L:) and ↓ قِدَّةٌ [of which the pl. is قِدَدٌ] is a more special term, (S, O, L,) signifying a single thong of this kind. (K.) See an ex. voce قَدٌّ. b3: And (hence, L) A whip; (O, L, K;) as also ↓ قَدٌّ. (K.) Thus in the trad., لَقَابُ قَوْسِ أَحَدِكُمْ وَمَوْضِعُ قِدِّهِ فِى الجَنَّةِ خَيْرٌ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا وَمَا فِيهَا, (O, * L,) or ↓ قَدِّهِ, (K,) i. e. Verily the space that would be occupied by the bow of any one of you, and the place that would be occupied by his whip, in Paradise, are better than the present [sublunary] world and what is in it: or قِدّه may here have the meaning next following. (L.) b4: A sandal; because cut in an elongated form from the skin: (O, L:) or a sandal not stripped of the hair, in order that it may be more pliant. (IAar, O, L.) b5: And A vessel of skin. (S, O, K.) One says, مَا لَهُ قِدٌّ وَلَا قِحْفٌ He has not a vessel of skin nor a vessel of wood: (S, O, M:) or a skin nor a fragment of a drinking-cup or bowl. (M.) b6: شَدِيدُ القِدِّ occurs in a trad. as some relate it, meaning Having a strong bowstring: but accord. to others, it is ↓ شَدِيدُ القَدِّ, meaning strong in pulling the bow. (L.) قِدَّةٌ: see قِدٌّ. b2: Also A piece of a thing. (M, L.) b3: And hence, (M,) A party, division, sect, or distinct body or class, of men, holding some particular tenet, or body of tenets, creed, opinion, or opinions, (S, M, O, L, Msb, K,) accord. to some, (Msb,) of whom each has his own, (S, O, L, K,) or of which each has its own, (Msb,) erroneous opinion: (S, O, L, Msb, K:) pl. قِدَدٌ. (Msb.) Hence, كُنَّا طَرَائِقَ قِدَدًا, (S, L, O, K,) in the Kur [lxxii. 11], (L, O,) said by the Jinn, (Fr, L,) We were parties, or sects, differing in their erroneous opinions, or in their desires: (Fr, O, L, K:) or separate [sects]; Muslims and not Muslims: (Zj:) or diverse, or discordant, or various, sects; Muslims and unbelievers. (Jel.) And one says, صَارَ القَوْمُ قِدَدًا The people became divided, or different, in their states, or conditions, and their desires, or erroneous opinions. (L.) قَدَادٌ The hedge-hog: b2: and The jerboa. (O, K.) قُدَادٌ A pain [app. what may be termed a cutting pain] in the belly. (S, M, O, L, K.) حَبَنًا وَقُدَادًا is a form of imprecation, meaning [May God inflict upon thee] dropsy, and a pain in the belly. (L.) قَدِيدٌ, (S, M, O, L, K,) or لَحْمٌ قَدِيدٌ, (Msb,) Flesh-meat cut into strips, or oblong pieces: (M, L, K:) or cut, (M,) or cut into oblong pieces, and spread, or spread in the sun, to dry: (M, L, K:) or salted, and dried in the sun: (L:) i. q. لَحْمٌ مُقَدَّدٌ: (S, O, L:) قَدِيدٌ is of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ. (L.) b2: ثَوْبٌ قَدِيدٌ A garment, or piece of cloth, [slit, or rent, and] old and worn out. (S, O, L, K.) قُدَيْدٌ A small مِسْح [or garment of thick, or coarse, hair-cloth], (M, * K, * TA,) such as is worn by persons of low condition. (TA.) قَدِيدِيُّونَ, (IAth, O, K, TA,) thus accord. as a trad., in which it occurs is related, (IAth, TA,) not to be pronounced with damm, (K,) or, as some say, it is [قُدَيْدِيُّونَ, i. e.] with damm to the ق and fet-h to the [first] د, (IAth, TA,) and thus in the handwriting of Z in the “ Fáïk,” (O,) [and thus I find it in a copy of the A,] The followers of an army, consisting of handicraftsmen, (A, IAth, O, K, TA,) such as the repairer of cracked wooden bowls, and the farrier, (O, K, TA,) and the blacksmith: (O, TA:) of the dial. of the people of Syria: as though they were called by the former appellation because of the tattered state of their clothing; (O;) or by the latter as though, by reason of their low condition, they wore the small مِسْح called قُدَيْد; or from التَّقَدُّدُ, because they disperse themselves in the provinces on account of need, and because of the tattered state of their clothing; and the diminutive form denotes mean estimation of their condition: (IAth, TA:) a man (IAth, O, TA) of them (O) is reviled by its being said to him يَا قَدِيدىُّ (IAth, O, TA) and يا قُدَيْدِىُّ: (IAth, TA:) and it is commonly used in the language of the Persians also. (O.) قَيْدُودٌ A she-camel long in the back: (O, K:) but this is said to be derived from القَوْدُ, like الكَيْنُونَةُ from الكَوْنُ: (L:) [see art. قود:] pl. قَيَادِيدُ. (K. [In the O the pl. is written قَنَادِيدُ.]) مَقَدٌّ (tropical:) A road: (A, K, TA:) because it is cut: so in the phrase مَفَازَةٌ مُسْتَقِيمَةُ المَقَدِّ (tropical:) [A desert, or waterless desert, whereof the road is straight, or direct]. (A, TA.) b2: (assumed tropical:) The rima vulvæ of a woman. (M, L.) b3: (assumed tropical:) The part of the back of the neck that is between the ears. (K, L.) [A dial. var. of, or a mistake for, مَقَذٌّ.]) b4: And i. q. قَاعٌ, i. e. (assumed tropical:) An even, or a plain, place. (S, M, O, L.) مِقَدٌّ, like مِدَقٌّ [in measure], (K, [in a copy of the M, erroneously, مَقَدّ,]) or ↓ مِقَدَّةٌ, (L,) The iron instrument with which skin is cut (يُقَدُّ). (L, * K, * TA.) مِقَدَّةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مَقَدِّىٌّ Wine of El-Makadd, a town of the region of the Jordan, (K,) or, as is said in the Marásid and the Moajam, near Adhri'át, in the Howrán; (TA;) wrongly said by J to be without teshdeed to the د, for the wine called مَقَدَىٌّ is different from that called مَقَدِّىٌّ: (K:) or it is wine boiled until it is reduced to half its original quantity; likened to a thing that is divided (قُدَّ) in halves; so accord. to Rejá Ibn-Selemeh, and in the Nh and Ghareebeyn; and sometimes it is pronounced without teshdeed to the د. (TA.)

ضفو

1 ضَفَا, aor. ـْ (S, Msb,) inf. n. ضَفْوٌ (S, Msb, K) and ضَفُوٌّ, (Msb,) It (a thing, S, and a garment, S, Msb) was, or became, complete, full, ample, or without deficiency. (S, Msb, K. *) b2: And It was, or became, much in quantity; (S, K, * TA;) said of property, or property consisting in cattle, (S, TA,) and of hair, and of wool. (TA.) [Hence,] one says, ضَفَتْ عَلَيْهِ النِّعْمَةُ, i. q. رَفَّتْ [i. e. Wealth became abundantly bestowed upon him]. (M in art. رف.) And ضَفَا العَيْشُ, meaning اِتَّسَعَ [i. e. The means of subsistence became ample]. (Msb.) b3: And ضَفَا الحَوْضُ, (TA,) inf. n. ضَفْوٌ, (K, TA,) The watering-trough overflowed (K, * TA) by reason of its fulness. (TA.) A2: ضَفِىَ He (a man) became poor: mentioned by Az in art. ضيق. (TA.) ضَفًا A side: and ضَفَوَاهُ his, or its, two sides. (K.) [ضَفَّةٌ and ضِفَّةٌ, also, have a similar meaning.]

ضَفْوٌ [an inf. n. of 1, q. v.: and as a simple subst.,] Wealth, or prosperity, and ampleness [of circumstances]. (TA.) [See also what next follows.]

ضَفْوَةُ العَيْشِ An easy and a plentiful state, or condition, of life. (K, TA.) One says, فُلَانٌ فِى

ضَفْوَةٍ مِنْ عَيْشِهِ [Such a one is in an easy and a plentiful state, or condition, in respect of his means of subsistence]. (S.) ثَوْبٌ ضَافٍ A garment that is complete, full, ample, or without deficiency. (S, Msb, K. *) and فَرَسٌ ضَافِى السَّبِيب A horse full, or ample, in the سبيب [or hair of the forelock or of the mane or of the tail]. (TA.) And رَجُلٌ ضَافِى الرَّأْسِ A man having much hair of the head. (S.) And دِيمّةٌ ضَافيَةٌ A lasting, or continuous, or continuous and still, rain, in consequence of which the land becomes abundant with herbage. (TA.) And هُوَ ضَافِى

الفَضْلِ (tropical:) [He is abundant in excellence]. (TA.)

سد

1 سَدَّ, (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (S, M, Msb, K,) inf. n. سَدٌّ; (S, M, Mgh, Msb;) and ↓ سدّد; (M;) [but the latter has an intensive signification, or relates to several objects;] He closed, or closed up, an interstice, or intervening space: (M:) and stopped, or stopped up, (M,) or repaired, and made firm or strong, (S, A, K,) a breach, or gap, (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) and the like. (S, Msb.) b2: [Hence one says,] سُدَّتْ عَلَيْهِ الطَّرِيقُ (assumed tropical:) [The road, or way, became closed, or stopped, against him]. (K.) And سُدَّ طَرِيقُهُ مِنْ بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ وَمَنْ خَلْفِهِ (assumed tropical:) [His road, or way, became closed, or stopped, before him and behind him]. (Zj, M.) And سَدَّ الأُفُقَ (tropical:) [It obstructed the horizon]; said of a multitudinous swarm of locusts. (S, A, * K.) And سَدَّ عَلَيْهِمْ, and ↓ أَسَدَّ, It closed, or obstructed, against them, the horizon; [الأُفُقَ being understood;] said of a collection of clouds rising. (M.) And سَدَّ مَا وَرَآءَهُ [It barred, or excluded, what was behind it]. (M.) b3: [Hence also,] سَدَدْتُ عَلَيْهِ بَابَ الكَلَامِ (assumed tropical:) [I closed, or stopped, to him the door of speech; i. e.] I prevented him from speaking; as though I closed, or stopped, his mouth. (Msb.) And مَا سَدَدْتُ عَلَى لَهَوَاتِ خَصْمٍ قَطُّ (assumed tropical:) I never stopped the way of speech of an adversary, nor prevented his saying what was in his mind. (Shureyh, Mgh.) And مَا سَدَدْتُ عَلَى خَصْمٍ قَطُّ (assumed tropical:) I never stopped an adversary from speaking; (El-Fáïk, Mgh, L;) on the authority of Esh-Shaabee: (Mgh:) occurring in a trad. (L.) b4: And أَبِيهِ ↓ هُوَ يَسُدُّ مَسَدَّ (tropical:) [He fills up, or supplies, the place of his father]: and ↓ يَسُدُّونَ مَسَدَّ أَسْلَافِهِمْ (tropical:) [They fill up, or supply, the place of their ancestors]. (A, TA.) And يُسَدُّ بِهِ الحَاجَةُ (tropical:) Want is supplied thereby: (M, * TA:) [whence the saying,] تَصَدَّقُوا وَلَوْ بِتَمْرَةٍ فَإِنَّهَا تَسُدُّ مِنَ الجَائِعِ (assumed tropical:) [Give ye something as alms, though it be but a date, or a dried date; for it will supply somewhat of the want of the hungry]: a trad. (El-Jámi' es-Sagheer.) and يَسُدُّ الرَّمَقَ (assumed tropical:) [It stays, or arrests, the remains of life; as though it stopped the passage of the last breath from the body; or] it maintains, and preserves, the strength. (Msb in art. رمق.) b5: and سَدَّهُ (assumed tropical:) He attributed, or imputed, to him, or he charged him with, or accused him of, a fault; [as though he thereby stopped his mouth; (see سَدٌّ;)] as also سَتَّهُ. (TA in art. ست.) A2: سَدَّ, aor. ـِ (S, L, K,) with kesr, (S,) inf. n. سَدَادٌ and سُدُودٌ, (L, the former inf. n. expl. in the S and K as signifying اِسْتِقَامَةٌ,) said of a spear, and an arrow, (TA,) and a saying, (S,) and an action, (TA,) or a thing [absolutely]; (L;) or سَدَّ, [sec. Pers\. سَدِدْتَ,] aor. ـَ with fet-h to the س, (A,) inf. n. سَدَدٌ, (TK, expl. in the S and K as signifying اِسْتِقَامَةٌ, like سَدَادٌ, of which it is said in the S to be a contraction,) said of a saying, and an affair; (A;) or سَدَّ, aor. ـِ and يَسَدُّ, inf. n. سَدَدٌ; (MA;) i. q. صَارَ سَدِيدًا [i. e. It was, or became, right, direct, or in a right state; it had, or took, a right direction or tendency; it tended towards the right point or object]: (S, A, L, K, TA:) and [in like manner] ↓ استدّ is syn. with اِسْتَقَامَ [which signifies the same]; (S, K;) as also ↓ اسدّ and ↓ تسدّد: (TA:) ↓ استدّ said of an affair signifies it was, or became, rightly ordered or disposed; in a right state. (Msb.) You say, لَهُ ↓ تسدّد and ↓ استدّ It was, or became, rightly directed towards it. (M.) And سَاعِدُهُ ↓ استدّ and ↓ تسدّد His fore arm was, or became, in a right state, or rightly directed, عَلَى الرَّمْىِ [ for shooting]; syn. استقام. (A.) A poet says, سَاعِدُهُ رَمَانِى ↓ فَلَمَّا اسْتَدَّ أُعَلِّمُهُ الرِّمَايَةَ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ [I teaching him the art of shooting every day; and when his fore arm became in a right state, he shot me]: As says that [the reading] اشتدّ, with ش, is not to be regarded. (S, TA.) b2: and سَدَّ, aor. ـِ with kesr to the س, (A, Msb, TA,) inf. n. سُدُودٌ (Msb) [and app. also, as above, سَدَادٌ, q. v. infrà], is said of a man, (A, Msb, TA,) in like manner meaning صَارَ سَدِيدًا [i. e. He was, or became, in a right state; he had, or took, a right direction or tendency; he tended towards the right point or object]: (A, TA:) or, (Msb,) as also ↓ اسدّ, (S, K, TA,) he hit the right thing (S, Msb, K, TA,) in his saying (S, Msb, TA) and in his action: (Msb:) or ↓ اسدّ signifies he said, or did, what was right: (Msb:) or he sought what was right; (L, K;) as also ↓ سدّد; (L;) or it has this last meaning also. (S, * L.) You say, ↓ إِنَّهُ لَيُسِدُّ فِى القَوْلِ Verily he hits the right thing in the saying. (S, L.) And قَدْ أَسْدَدْتَ ↓ مَا شِئْتَ (S, * L) is said to a man when he seeks [or has sought] what is right, (S,) meaning Thou hast sought what is right; whether the person thus addressed have hit the right thing or not. (L.) One says also, سَدَّ عَلَيْكَ الرَّجُلُ, aor. ـِ inf. n. سد [app. a mistranscription for سَدَاد or سُدُود], The man said, or did, what was right [against thee]: so in the handwriting of Sh. (Az, TA.) 2 سَدَّّ see 1, first sentence. b2: [Hence,] سدّد مَلْأَهُ [He filled it up]; namely, a vessel, and a water-ing-trough. (Aboo-Sa'eed, TA in art. خنق.) b3: And سدّد عَلَيْهِمْ كُلَّ شَىْءٍ قَالُوهُ (assumed tropical:) He annulled, in opposing them, everything that they said. (Jábir, as related by Aboo-'Adnán.) A2: سدّدهُ, (S, A, L, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَسْدِيدٌ, (K,) He directed it, (A, * L, Msb, K,) namely, an arrow, (A, Msb,) نَحْوَهُ towards him or it, (A,) or إِلَى الصَّيْدِ towards the game; (Msb;) and شدّدهُ, with ش, is a dial. var. thereof: (Towsheeh, TA:) and [in like manner] his spear; contr. of عَرَضَهُ, (S, Msb,) or عَرَّضَهُ. (L.) b2: And He taught him the art of shooting. (TA.) b3: Also, (M, A, K,) inf. n. as above, (S,) He directed, accommodated, adapted, or disposed, him (S, M, A, K) to that which was right, or words and of actions: (S, K: [and the like is implied in the M and A:]) said of God. (M, A.) And you say, سَدِّدْ صَاحِبَكَ Teach thou thy companion, and direct him to the right course. (Sh, TA.) b4: And [hence,] سَدِّدْ مَالَكَ Act thou well with thy property, or cattle. (L.) and سَدَّدَ الإِبِلَ, inf. n. as above, He gave the camels easy access to every pasturage, and to every place where the ground was soft and spacious. (L.) A3: See also 1, near the end of the paragraph.4 أَسْدَ3َ see 1, near the beginning: A2: and see also the latter half of the same paragraph, in five places.5 تَسَدَّّ see 1, in the latter half of the paragraph, in three places.7 انسدّ, said of an interstice, or intervening space, It became closed, or closed up; as also ↓ استدّ: (M:) and both, said of a breach, or gap, (M, A,) it became stopped, or stopped up, (M,) or repaired, and made firm or strong. (A.) اِسْتَدَّتْ ↓ عُيُونُ الخَرْزِ and اِنْسَدَّتْ signify the same [i. e. The punctures made in the sewing of the skin became closed]; (S, K;) expressing a consequence of pouring water into-a skin. (S.) 8 إِسْتَدَ3َ see the next preceding paragraph, in two places: A2: and see also 1, in the latter half of the paragraph, in five places.

سَدٌّ and ↓ سُدٌّ Any building, or construction, with which a place is closed or closed up, or stopped or stopped up: (M: [see also سِدَادٌ:]) a dam: (Msb:) a thing intervening, as a separation, a partition, a fence, a barrier, a rampart, or an obstacle, or obstruction, between two other things; (S, Msb, K:) and a mountain: (S, M, K: [in the last it seems that this meaning is restricted to the former word; but if restricted to either, it should be to the latter:]) or, as some say, anything that faces one, or is over against one, and bars, or excludes, (يَسُدُّ,) what is behind it: whence goats are said to be سَدٌّ يُرَى مِنْ وَرَائِهِ الفَقْرُ (assumed tropical:) [a barrier behind which is seen poverty]; meaning that they are not of great utility: (M:) or سَدٌّ signifies what is made by man; and سُدٌّ, what is created by God, (Zj, M, Msb, K,) as a mountain: (Msb:) in the Kur xviii. 92 and 93, and xxxvi. 8, some read with fet-h, and some with damm: (M, TA:) the pl. is أَسْدَادٌ, [a pl. of pauc.,] (A, Msb,) or أَسِدَّةٌ, [also a pl. of pauc.,] and سُدُودٌ, [a pl. of mult.,] the latter of these two agreeable with general analogy, and the former of them anomalous, or, [ISd says,] in my opinion, this (أَسِدَّةٌ) is pl. of سِدَادٌ. (M.) You say, ضُرِبَ بَيْنَهُمَا سَدٌّ and سُدٌّ [A barrier, or an obstacle, was set between them two]: and ضُرِبَتْ بَيْنَهُمَا الأَسْدَادُ [Barriers, or obstacles, were set between them two]. (A.) and ضَرَبَتْ عَلَيْهِ الأَرْضُ بِالأَسْدَادِ (tropical:) [The earth, or land, set barriers, or obstacles, against him]; meaning, the ways became closed, or stopped, against him, and the courses that he should pursue became obscure to him: (K: in the CK ضُرِبَتْ:) the sing. of أَسْدَادٌ [accord. to general analogy] is سُدٌّ. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] the former (سَدٌّ) also signifies, (Fr, S, M, L, K,) or ↓ سِدَادٌ, (A,) or the former and ↓ سَدَادَةٌ, (L,) (tropical:) A fault, or defect, (Fr, S, M, A, &c.,) such as blindness and deafness and dumbness, (S,) or such as closes, or stops, one's mouth, so that he does not speak: (A:) pl. of the first, (S, M, K,) or of the second, (A,) أَسِدَّةٌ, [a pl. of pauc.,] (S, M, A, K,) accord. to analogy سُدُودٌ, (S, M, K,) or أَسُدٌّ [which is a pl. of pauc.]. (M.) You say, ↓ مَا بِهِ سِدَادٌ (tropical:) There is not in him any fault &c.: and فُلَانٌ بَرِىْءٌ مِنَ الأَسِدَّةِ (tropical:) Such a one is free from faults &c. (A.) And تَسُدُّ فَاهُ عَنِ الكَلَامِ ↓ مَا بِفُلَانٍ سَدَادَةٌ (assumed tropical:) There is not in such a one a fault that stops his mouth from speaking. (Aboo-Sa'eed, L.) And لَا تَجْعَلَنَّ بِجَنْبِكَ الأَسِدَّةَ (tropical:) By no means render thou thy bosom contracted so that thou shalt be unable to return an answer, like him who is deaf or dumb. (S, K.) b3: See also سُدٌّ. b4: سدّ [so in the TA, i. e. either سَدٌّ or سُدَّ,] also signifies (assumed tropical:) A she-camel by which the sportsman conceals himself from the game; also called دَرِيْئَةٌ ند دَرِيعَةٌ whence the saying, رَمَاهُ فِى سدِّ نَاقَتِهِ (assumed tropical:) [He shot him, or shot at him, by his she-camel whereby he was concealing himself]. (IAar, TA.) b5: And سَدٌّ, (M,) or سُدٌّ, (O, K,) is also syn. with ظِلٌّ [as meaning (tropical:) Shade, or shadow; or cover, or protection]. (IAar, M, O, K, TA.) A poet cited by IAar says, قَعَدْتُ لَهُ فِى سَدِّ نِقْضٍ مُعَوَّدٍ لِذٰلِكَ فِى صَحْرَآءَ جِذْمٍ دَرِينُهَا (tropical:) [I sat for him, i. e. lay in wait for him, in the shade, or cover, of a camel rendered lean by travel, accustomed to that, in a desert whereof the dry herbage was old]: i. e. I made him a cover, or screen, to me, in order that he might not see me: and by جِذْم he means “ old,” because الجِذْمُ signifies الأَصْلُ, and there is nothing older than the أَصْل; and he uses it as an epithet because it implies the meaning of an epithet. (M.) A2: سَدٌّ also signifies A thing, (S, K,) [i. e.] a [basket such as is called] سَلَّة, (M, TA,) made of twigs, (S, M, K,) and having covers (أَطْبَاق): (S, K: [but this addition in the S and K seems properly to apply to the pl., as will be shown by what follows:]) pl. سِدَادٌ and سُدُودٌ: (M, TA:) or, accord. to Lth, سُدُودٌ signifies [baskets such as are called] سِلَال, [pl. of سَلَّةٌ,] made of twigs, and having covers (أَطْبَاق); one of which is called [not سَدٌّ but] ↓ سَدَّةٌ: and it is said also on other authority that the سَلَّة is called سَدَّةٌ and طَبْلٌ. (L, TA.) سُدٌّ: see the next preceding paragraph, passim. b2: Also (assumed tropical:) A swarm of locusts obstructing the horizon: (M:) or so سُدٌّ مِنْ جَرَادٍ: (TA:) and جَرَادٌ سُدٌّ (tropical:) locusts (S, M, A, K) that have obstructed, (S, K,) or obstructing, (M, A,) the horizon, (S, M, A, K,) by their multitude: (S, A, K:) in which case, سُدٌّ is either a substitute for جَرَادٌ and therefore a substantive, or it is pl. of ↓ سَدُودٌ signifying that which obstructs the horizon and therefore an epithet. (M.) b3: And (tropical:) A black cloud, (Az, S, K, TA,) that has risen in any tract of the sky: (TA:) or a collection of clouds rising, obstructing the horizon: (M:) pl. سُدُودٌ: (S, M, K:) [or] ↓ سَدٌّ and صَدٌّ, but the former is the more approved, signify (assumed tropical:) a cloud, or collection of clouds, rising high, and appearing like a mountain. (M and L in art. صد.) b4: And A valley: (K:) so called because it becomes closed, or stopped up. (TA.) b5: And A valley containing stones and masses of rock, in which water remains for some time, or a long time: pl. سِدَدَةٌ: (S, L, K:) or you say, أَرْضٌ بِهَا سِدَدَةٌ [a land in which are valleys containing stones and masses of rock, &c.]; and the sing. is ↓ سُدَّةٌ. (L.) b6: and (assumed tropical:) The departure [or loss] of sight: (IAar, M:) from the same word in the first of the senses expl. in the next preceding paragraph. (M.) سِدٌّ: see سَدِيدٌ.

سَدَّةٌ: see سَدٌّ, last sentence.

سُدَّةٌ A certain disease in the nose, (S, M, L, K,) which stops it up, (M, L,) attacking the passage of the breath, (L,) and preventing respiration; (S, L;) as also ↓ سُدَادٌ. (S, M, L, K.) A thing that obstructs the passage of the humours, and of the food, in the body. (KL.) [And Any obstruction in the body: pl. سُدَدٌ.] b2: See also سُدٌّ.

A2: Also [A vestibule, or porch, for shade and shelter, before the door of a house: this is a common signification of the word, and is app. what is meant by its being said that] the سُدَّة is what is before the door of a house: (M, A:) or, as some say, a سَقِيفَة [i. e. roof, or covering, such as projects over the door of a house &c.; or a place roofed over]; (M:) or a ظُلَّة [i. e. roof, or cover-ing, for shade and shelter,] over a door: (Mgh:) or it is [a thing, or place,] like a صُفَّة [or سَقِيفَة] before a بَيْت [or house, or perhaps here meaning tent]: and a ظُلَّة at the door of a house (دَار): (AA, TA:) or, accord. to Aboo-Sa'eed, (TA,) in the language of the Arabs [of the desert] it signifies [a space such as is termed] a فِنَآء pertaining to a tent of hair-cloth and the like; and those who make it to be like a صُفَّة, or like a سَقِيفَة, explain the word accord. to the way in which it is used by the people of the towns and villages: (Msb, TA:) or it signifies the door [itself]: (S, A, Mgh, K:) or it has this meaning also: (Msb:) some thus apply it to the door itself: (A'Obeyd, L:) and the surrounding portico [of the interior court] of the largest, or larger, mosque: (M, TA:) pl. سُدَدٌ. (S, L, Msb, K.) You say, رَأَيْتُهُ قَاعِدًا بِسُدَّةِ بَابِهِ [I saw him sitting in the vestibule of his door]: (S, TA:) and بِسُدَّةِ دَارِهِ [in the vestibule before the door, or at the door, of his house]. (TA.) Abu-d-Dardà

said, مَنْ يَغْشَ سُدَدَ السُّلْطَانِ يَقُمْ وَيَقْعُدْ, (S, L,) or مَنْ يَأْتِ الخ, i. e. [He who comes to the vestibules, or gates, of the Sultán] experiences returns of recent and old griefs, disquieting him so that he is not able to remain at rest, but stands up and sits down: (Mgh in art. قدم:) this he said when he came to the gate of Mo'áwiyeh and did not receive permission to enter. (L.) And it is said in a trad., الشُّعْثُ الرُّؤُوسِ الَّذِينَ لَا تُفْتَحُ لَهُمُ السُّدَدُ, (S, A,) meaning الأَبْوَابُ [i. e. The shaggy, or dishevelled, and dusty, in the heads are those to whom the doors will not be opened]. (A.) b2: Hence, Umm-Selemeh, addressing' Áïsheh, termed her a سُدَّة, i. e. a بَاب [meaning (assumed tropical:) A means of communication[, between the Prophet and his people. (L, from a trad.) A3: Also Palm-sticks, i. e. palmbranches stripped of their leaves, bound together, [side by side,] upon which one sleeps. (M.) سَدَدٌ: see the next paragraph, in four places: b2: and see also سَدِيدٌ.

سَدَادٌ [an inf. n. of the intrans. verb سَدَّ; as also ↓ سَدَدٌ]. [Hence,] one says, إِنَّهُ لَذُو سَدَادٍ Verily he has a faculty of hitting the right thing, or his object or aim, in speaking, and in the managing or disposing of affairs, and in shooting. (TA.) b2: [Hence also, as a subst.,] A thing that is right, syn. صَوَابٌ, (S, A, Msb, K,) and قَصْدٌ, (S,) of what is said and of what is done; (S, A, * Msb, K;) as also ↓ سَدَدٌ, (S, A,) which is a contraction of the former. (S.) One says, قَالَ سَدَادًا مِنَ القَوْلِ He said a right thing [lit. of what is said, i. e., a right saying]; (S, A;) as also ↓ سَدَدًا. (A.) And يُصِيبُ السَّدَادَ He hits the right thing in speech [or action]. (S.) And هُوَ عَلَى سَدَادٍ مِنْ

أَمْرِهِ and ↓ سَدَدٍ [He is following a right course of action in respect of his affair]. (A.) and أَمْرُ فُلَانٍ يَجْرِى عَلَى السَّدَادِ The affair of such a one goes on according to that which is right. (S.) b3: [And hence the saying,] أَتَتْنَا رِيحٌ مِنْ سَدَادِ أَرْضِهِمْ (tropical:) A wind came to us from the direction of their land. (A, TA.) b4: It is also used as an epithet, syn. with سَدِيدٌ, q. v. (L.) b5: and السَّدَادُ [as though meaning The right projecter] is a name that was given to a bow belonging to the Prophet, as ominating the hitting of the object aimed at by that which was shot from it. (TA.) A2: See also سِدَادٌ, in three places.

سُدَادٌ: see سُدَّةٌ, first sentence.

سِدَادٌ A thing with which an interstice, or intervening space, is closed, or closed up: (AO, M, L: [see also سَدٌّ:]) and a thing with which a breach, or gap, (M, A,) is stopped, or stopped up, (M,) or repaired, and made firm or strong: (A:) pl. أَسِدَّةٌ. (M.) Primarily, accord. to ISh, (Meyd, in explanation of a prov. mentioned in what follows,) Somewhat of milk that dries up in the orifice of a she-camel's teat; (Meyd, K;) because it stops up the passage of the milk. (Meyd.) Also A stopper of a bottle (S, * Mgh, * Msb, K, * TA) &c.: (Msb:) in this sense [as well as in those before mentioned] with kesr (S, Mgh, Msb, K) only [to the س]: and so in the sense next following. (S, K.) A body of horse and foot serving as blockaders of the frontier of a hostile country. (S, K, * TA.) b2: سِدَادٌ مِنْ عَوَزٍ and ↓ سَدَادٌ, (ISk, S, M, Msb, K,) but the former is the more chaste, (S,) and it alone is mentioned by most authors in this saying, because it is from سداد as meaning the “ stopper ” of a bottle; (Msb;) and some say that ↓ سَداد, with fet-h, is a corruption; (Msb, K;) expressly disallowed by As and ISh; (Msb;) a prov.; (Meyd;) meaning (tropical:) A thing by which want is supplied, (S, M, Msb, K,) and by which life is preserved; accord. to ISh, if incomplete; and accord. to As, a thing by which somewhat of the entire wants of one's case is supplied. (Msb.) One says also, أَصَبْتُ بِهِ سِدَادًا مِنَ العَيْشِ and ↓ سَدَادًا (tropical:) I attained thereby a thing by which want was supplied; (S, K, * TA;) or a means of sustaining life. (AO, L.) b3: See also سَدٌّ, in two places.

سَدُودٌ: see سُدٌّ.

سَدِيدٌ, applied to a spear, Seldom missing; and [to the same, and] to an arrow, that hits the mark; (TA;) and to a saying, (S, M, L,) as also ↓ سَدَادٌ (M, L) and ↓ سَدَدٌ; (L;) and an action; (TA;) and an affair, as also ↓ أَسَدُّ; (S, A, L;) right, direct, or in a right state; having, or taking, a right direction or tendency; tending towards the right point or object: (S, M, A, L, TA:) and ↓ سِدٌّ, applied to speech, signifies the same; (TA;) and true. (K, TA.) b2: And applied to a man, meaning Who pursues a right course; as also ↓ أَسَدٌّ; (M;) and [in an intensive sense] ↓ سَدَّادٌ: (TA:) or, (Msb,) as also ↓ مُسِدٌّ, (S,) who hits the right thing in his saying (S, Msb) and in his action. (Msb.) سَدَادَةٌ: see سَدٌّ, in two places.

سَدَّادٌ: see سَدِيدٌ.

سَادَّةٌ (tropical:) An eye (عَيْنٌ) of which the sight has gone; (A;) that has become white, and with which one does not see, but which has not yet burst: (Az, A, * L, K:) or that is open, but does not see strongly: (IAar, L, K:) pl. سُدُودٌ, (IAar, L,) or سُدُدٌ. (K.) b2: Also (assumed tropical:) An old and weak she-camel. (IAar, K.) أَسَدُّ: see سَدِيدٌ, in two places.

مَسَدٌّ [properly A place of closing, or stopping, &c.]: see 1, in two places.

مُسِدٌّ: see سَدِيدٌ.

مُسَدَّدٌ Directed; pointed in a right direction. (S TA.) b2: And A man directed, accommodated, adapted, or disposed, to that which is right [of words and of actions]; (L;) who does that which is right, (يَعْمَلُ بِالسَّدَادِ وَالقَصْدِ, S, L,) keeping to the right way; in which sense it is related by some with kesr, ↓ مُسَدِّدٌ. (L.) [Golius explains it as meaning, on the authority of the S, who executes his affairs with sure and good judgment, and with happy success: and Freytag thus explains ↓ مُسَدِّدٌ, as from the S.]

مُسَدِّدٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places.

كفى: وفي فلاناً في مقابل ... فوّضه خسارة شيء، وهي كافأ لدى (هيلو) وعوّض (ساسي كرست 2، 135؛ ابن 85 طبعه شديوز).
كفى: كفى فلاناً مئونَته جعلها كافية له. أي قام بها دونه فأغناه عن القيام بها أو كفاه مؤونة الشيء أو الشخص أي أراحه وخلصه من شخص أزعجه أو حل محلّه في النهوض بعبء قضية كانت تقلقه. ففي كليلة ودمنة (4:45): سقط عنه النظر في أمور الأعداء بما قد كفاه ذلك بيدبا. وفي (حيان: بسام 4:3) أمن أهل البلد من مقته وكفاهم الله أمره. وفي البكري 119 أنا أكفيك خبره أي (أنا أستنفدك منه) (المارودي 144، 350، 7، بربرية، 1، 361 وفي المبني للمجهول ورد في الأغاني، 31 لو شئتَ كنتُ كُفيتُ بنفسك الطلبَ من غيرك وفي (المقري 1، 490، 15): حين ألحَّ الأمير هشام على زياد لكي يتولى منصب القضاء هرب زياد فصاح الأمير: ليت الناس كلهم كزياد حنى أُكْفيَ أهل الرغبة في الدنيا وفي رياض لبنفوس: احنجز أحد الحكام متاع أحد مسافرين فذهب هذا إلى أحد أهل الدين وطلب منه أن يدعو الله في رد متاعه فقال له، بعد أن استمع إلى شكواه، اذهب كفيت إن شاء الله تعالى أي اذهب فستنجو من همومك وقد حدث أن أعيدت إليه أمتعته وفي رواية أخرى قال رجل الدين انصرف لعل الله يكفيك أمره. وجاء في (معجم بوشر) كفاه شر الشيء؛ اكفينا شرك؛ كفاه شرّه: احترم، وفرّ، اقتصد، لم يؤذ، لم يفسد، لم يلتف.
كفى: حافظ على، وقى، تعهد، رعى، غذّى، أطعم، دام بحالة سليمة (بوشر).
كفى: جهّز (هلو).
كافأه: عن هديته (حيان 71).
كافأ: جازى، أثاب (هلو) (بدرون 228) (حيان 76: وقدمه إلى خطة الوزارة مكانه تعجيلاً لمكافأته).
تكافأ: (بدلاً من كفأ) عند الحديث عن شخصين يعملان الشيء نفسه (ألف ليلة 40:1).
إن عدِت عدنا وإن وافيتِ وافينا ... وإن هجرتِ فإنّ قد تكافينا
كوفئ: أثيب وجُزي.
انكفأ: تصحيف كفأ (ميهرن بلاغة 33).
اكتفى: أشبع، شفى غليله (فريتاج كرست 49، 7).
اكتفىب: ارتضى (بوشر).
اكتفى عن ما عادت بي حاجة إلى ... (كاترمير 1847 ص479 الذي لاحظ وجوب أن نقرأ الكلمة على هذا النحو عند كارتاس): 3، 801.
اكتفينا مئونته: وفّر علينا العناء (بوشر).
اكتفى: صدّق على، أمر (هلو). استكفاه الأمر: طلب منه لن يخلصه من أمر أقلقه (رياض النفوس: وأخذ يستعيذ بالله تعالى ويستكفيه شرّه وضرَّه وفيها وشكر الله على ما كفاه منه.
استكفاه الأمر: تخلّص منه (فريتاج 6:62) وأطلق الأسرى من الداوية الذين كانوا بحلب استكفاءً لشرهم. إن تعبير استكفاه الأمر يعني أيضاً: ألقى إليه مقاليد، فوّض أمره إلى، فوّض إليه مراقبة أو الترتيب أو تنظيم، أو تدبير أمرٍ ما (ففي أخبار مجموعة من كتب مجهولة ص2:124: وكان له قاضٍ قد استكافه أمور رعيته لفضله وزهده وورعه).
وفي مقدورنا ذكر استكفاه وحدها (عباد 1:51): إلى أن أوكل أمره إلى أحد اليهود واستكفاه. وهناك أيضاً تعبير استكفى به الأمر (ويجرز 12:30، البربرية 1، 375) وهنا أيضاً نستطيع الحذف والإيجاز ونقول استكفى به (دي ساسي كرست 13:11) ويبدو أن (فريتاج) كان له رأيه في العبارة الأخيرة حين أضاف إليها حرف الباء ب " Summum fiduciam posuit in aliquo c. p''.
عدم كفاة: نقص، تقصير (بوشر).
كفاية، أجرى له كفايته: خصص له مبلغاً كافياً من المال ينفق منه (ابن بطوطة 3، 47. معجم التنبيه).
كفاية: يسر، رخاء، العيش في بحبوحة (مقديسي 33، 1، ياقوت 3، 881) وربما قد وردت بهذا المعنى في (2، 256، 20 عند Goeje) .
فرض على الكفاية: فرض ديني ملزم لمتناولي القربان كافة (انظر لين في مادة فرض) (وانظر معجم التنبيه، والبيضاوي 1، 18، 2). قتل الفعلة بالكفاية: (قتل العمال جملةً، بكاملهم جمعهم) (معجم البلاذري 292، 2) إن تعبير بالكفاية يعني أيضاً: حساباً كاملا (أي بلا كسر) أو المجموع العام (ياقوت 3 1: 838: والخراج ثلاثة وثلاثون ألف ألف درهم بالكفاية (988:4:3) ( de Goege) .
كفاية: قدرة، ذكاء، مهارة، اختصاص، نــبوغ (بوشر) ويكتبها فخري دائماً: (في الآداب السلطانية) كفاءة (ص179:10133، 2؛ 207، 2؛ 215، 7) وهي تعني: جدارة، مزية، قيمة (في معجم الطرائف ومعجم التنبيه وأخبار 119، 9 وحيان 18): وأرسل رأسه إلى ابن حفصون فأنفذه ابن حفصون إلى الأمير عبد الله بقرطبة مستحمداً إليه كفاية شأنه (أبار 142، 9 بسام 2، 12) في معرض حديثه عن شخص قد ولي منصب القضاء: فمهد لذلك جانباً من كفايته، واحتسب فيه جزءً من عمايته) (البيان 6:284:1 البربرية 1، 147، 3؛ 1: 361، 395؛ 2؛ 432؛ 8: 500 ابن الخطيب 64): فبعثه رسولاً ثقة بكايته (ألف ليلة برسل 353:12، 4؛ فالتون 33، 13 ويبدو أن هذه الكلمة تعني المعنى المتقدم نفسه على نحو عام دون أن تقتصر على الكفاية الإدارية التي هي مراد الناشر؛ هو كفاية كل شيء: قادر على كل شيء (بوشر).
كفاة: حماية:، حفظ. وهي مرادف وقاية (عباد 3، 109، 3) وأسَلُ الله أن يجعلك في حيّز الكفاية، وجانب الوقاية.
كفاية: سهر الإنسان على شرفه وعزة نفسه (معجم الطرائف).
يبدو أن تعبير: (أهل الكفاية) يدل على الناس الإمناء، الصادقين، والمستقيمين، أصحاب الشرف والنزاهة (حيان، 71): الوزراء حذّروا الأمير عبد الله، وصرفوه عن عزمه في ان يكون رأس الجيش الذي سيّره على ابن حفصون لاستغلاط شوكة الخبيث وكثرة أنصاره وللياذ من خبايا الحرب الغشوم لاسيما إن جرت من غير أهل الكفاية المغلقين لباب المعذرة.
كفاية: ذو الكفاتين يبدو إنها منصب مثل قولنا ذو الرئاستين دو الوزارتين (فاليتون 69 رقم 4).
كاف ل: كفء، جدير، خبير متخصص (بوشر، همبرت، معجم التنبيه) مَنْ نعهد إليه، كلياً، أمر التصرّف في شأنٍ ما، أو إدارة شؤون إقليم ما، أو الإدارة بصورة عامة، أو الوزارة .. الخ (بدرون ملاحظات 124، دي يونج، معجم الجغرافيا).
أكفى: أكثر قدرة، أكثر مهارة (رياض النفوس 14): ذكر لي أن أكفأ عبيدي وأقومهم بضيعتي توفي.
الأجير المكفَّى: (محيط المحيط).
قطع مكافئ: جسم مكافئ دوراني (من مصطلحات علم المساحة) (بوشر).
اكتفاء: اكتفى بالقليل، أو ربما تيسّر (بوشر).
اكتفاء: جزم، ترخيم (حذف الصوت الأخير أو المقطع الأخير من كلمة ... الخ) انظرها لمزيد ومحيط المحيط) وحين يعمد إليه الشاعر يقال: قال مكتفياً (المقري 1، 60).

لوح: لوح: المصدر لَوَاح (فريتاج) (فوك).
لاح: هذا الفن الذي لاح لنا النظر فيه (دي سلان (المقدمة 1، 63).
لوّح (بالتشديد): ألمح، زيّن، زخرف، حسّن (اوتوب 282): فلما رفعت له الكتاب ولوّحته باسمه.
لوّح ب: في (محيط المحيط) (لوّح الرجل أشار من بعيد مطلقاً بأي شيء كان) (وفي الفخري 70:2) لوّح للكلب برغيف.
لوّح: حرّك في الهواء من بعيد (انتار 74:3): وهم يلوحوا بالصوارم، ويصيحوا على الديالم -أي يلوحون ويصيحون - المترجم-.
لوّح ب: أشار (ألف ليلة 34:3) أخذت فرعاً كبيراً من شجرة ولوّحت به إلى ناحيتهم وفي طبعة (برسل 38:4): صرت ألوح لهم بالفرع وفي ماكني (353:3): لوّح بيده (باين سميث 1636).
لوّح ل: لوّح لهم (أعطاهم إشارة) (برسل 11: 171).
لوّح ل: أشار بإيجاز (المقدمة 3: 56): لزّحت له بالكلام وفي (برسل 3: 56): فلوّحت له ببعض ما كنا فيه تلك الليلة الأولى ثم الثانية. أن تعبير لوّح له بالكلام يعني أيضاً أفهمه بكلمات ضمنية (ألف ليلة 10: 394).
لوّحَ العنبُ: في (محيط المحيط) والعامة تقول لوّح العنب أي بدا فيه النضج أول ما يبدو.
لوّح: دوّره (كوسج، كرست 7: 87): لوّح العبدَ في الهواء ثلاث تلويحات (ألف ليلة 3: 335): فجدع الأنوف، ولوّح القحوف، وهزم الصفوف.
لوّح: رمى (المقدمة 1: 94) وقتالهم بالحجارة يلوّحونها إلى خلف (وفي رواية يرمونها).
لوّح على فلان: هاجمه، رمى نفسه عليه (فوك).
لوّح: فرش بألواح خشبية، غطى، احاط، دعم بألواح (فوك) (الكالا entablar con tablas) ألوح: أظهر، أبرز (المقري 2: 287).
تلوح: مفروش بألواح (فوك).
التوح: لمع (الكامل 503: 7).
لَوح: (هي في الكالا وفوك لُوح بضم اللام): لوح خشبي (وهي في اللاتينية المحرّفة postis) ( هلو، عبد الواحد 207:2): كان يقعد في موضع بينه وبين أمير المؤمنين ستر من ألواح (ابن بطوطة 1، 29 .. الخ).
مثل اللوح: عفوياً، آلياً، تمام الشيء الذي يقف منتصباً دون أن يكون هناك اعوجاج في قامته، القامة المشيقة (بوشر).
لوح: لوحة البضائع المعروضة في الدكان (ألكالا).
لوح: طاولة الكتابة، الاردواز (ابن بطوطة 4: 433 معجم الجغرافيا) وعند (الكالا) أيضاً: لوح الامتلاء.
لوح النرد: طاولة النرد (فوك).
لوح الطابية: إناء، وعاء. ملاط. قالب تطرّق فيه الطابية التي هي التراب المصلّب والمدكوك. إن هذا اللوح يتكون، في الحقيقة، من لوحين من الخشب تربطهما عوارض متينة (معجم البيان ص30).
لوح: صابونة صغيرة وفي (محيط المحيط): الصابون مطبوخ مركب من الزيت والقلى يغسل به. القطعة منه صابونة والعامة تسميها لوحاً. معرّب سابون بالفارسية والعامة يبنون منه فعلاً فيقولون صوبن بدنه.
لوح الجسد: في (محيط المحيط) ولوح الجسد عظمه ما خلا قصب اليدين والرجلين أو كل عظم منه فيه عِرَض.
لوح: اسم مكيالة في مدينة فاس (البكري 117: 14).
لوح: رفش أو مسحاة، مجرفة (هلو) ويطلق بوسييه على رفش الحصّاد اسم لوحة.
لوح: لم استطع الوقوف على معنى هذه الكلمة التي وردت في (رياض النفوس 98): قال الرجل الذي كان يرشح عرقاً: أتيت لأبشرك بوصول لوح مشحون أرسل به إليك فقال له وهذا الذي صيّرك بهذه الحالة فقال له اذهب بارك الله لك في اللوح بما فيه. لاحة: شحنة، سيماء، محيّا، مظهر، هيئة الوجه (بوشر).
لوحة: لوح خشب (بوشر).
لوحة: مقعد، مقعد منجّد (بوشر).
لوحة: إعلان، لافتة بحروف كبيرة (بوشر).
لوحة: مِضرب (لوحة خشبية مسطحة للضرب أو للخفق) (بوشر).
لوحة ألوان: مَلوَن، لوحة الوان (الرسام)، لوحة خشبية صغيرة لمزج الألوان وفرشها (بوشر).
لواحيّ: القادم من (الواحات) كالنيلج) اللواحي (الادريسي 33) والمغرة اللواحية (المستعيني) والطين الأحمر الذي هو اللؤاحية وفقاً لمخطوطة N.
لائحة جمعها لوائح: في (محيط المحيط).
اللائحة مؤنث اللائح وعند كتّاب المولّدين ورقة مفتوحة تدرج فيها أعمالهم الحسابية وغيرها ج لوائح.
تلويح: في (محيط المحيط): (التلويح في قراءة القرآن) عند القرّاء هو تغيير الكلمة لتحسين الصوت وهو مكروه لأنه بدعة.
خيط التلويح: في (محيط المحيط): ما يكون برأس القصبة تربط إليه الصنّارة وهو من اصطلاح الصيادين.
ملوّح: مفَلَّس، ذو فلوس، ذو قشور (الادريسي).
ملوَّح: المشنقة. مدرج خشبي يصنعه النجّارون لتسهيل الرؤية في الحفلات العامة للمشاهدين (الكالا).
مُلوَّحة: مشنقة، لوح خشب، مدرج خشبي، مصطبة (فيكتور) وعند (الكالا: tabaldo)

لوح

1 لَاحَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. لَوْحٌ, It (a thing) shone; gleamed; glistened. (S.) b2: لَاحَ, (aor. ـُ inf. n. لَوْحٌ and لُؤُوحٌ and لَوَحَانٌ; TA;) and ↓ الاح; It (lightning) flashed slightly, not extending sideways in the adjacent tracts of cloud: (S, K:) or ↓ الاح signifies it lighted up what surrounded it. (TA.) b3: لَاحَ, (S, Msb,) aor. ـُ (Msb;) inf. n. [لَوْحٌ and] لِيَاحٌ; (IAth;) It appeared: (IAth, Msb:) it (a star) appeared, (S, Msb,) as also ↓ الاح, (S, K,) [it loomed,] and shone, gleamed, or glistened; (TA;) as also ↓ الاح: (Msb, TA:) ISk says, لَاحَ سُهَيْل Canopus appeared; (S;) and ↓ الاح it shone and glistened. (S, K.) b4: لاح, and ↓ الاح, He (a man) came forth and became apparent. (A 'Obeyd.) b5: لَاحَ لِى أَمْرُكَ, and ↓ تلوّح, (tropical:) Thine affair became apparent and manifest to me. (A.) b6: لَاحَ الشَّيْبُ فِى رَأْسِهِ Hoariness appeared upon his head. (TA.) b7: لَاحَهُ, aor. ـُ He saw him, or it. (K.) b8: لَاحَ إِلَى كَذَا, aor. ـُ He looked at, or towards, such a thing; as a distant fire. (L.) b9: لَاحَهُ بِبَصَرِهِ, aor. ـُ inf. n. لَوْحَةٌ, [so in the L,] He saw him, or it, and then he or it became concealed from him. (L.) b10: See 4.

A2: لَاحَ, (S,) aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. لَوْحٌ (S, K,) and لُوحٌ (K) and لُوَاحٌ (S, K) and لُؤُوحٌ and لَوَحَانٌ; (K;) and ↓ التاح; (S, K;) He thirsted: (S, K;) or he thirsted in the slightest degree: (TA:) or he thirsted quickly. (Lh.) b2: لَاحَهُ, (aor. ـُ inf. n. لَوْحٌ, TA,) It (thirst, K, or travel, S, K, and cold, and disease or illness, and grief, TA,) altered him, (S, K,) and made him lean, lank, light of flesh, slender, or lank in the belly; (TA;) as also ↓ لوّحهُ, (K,) inf. n. تَلْوِيحٌ: or the latter signifies it (the heat of fire or of the sun) altered the colour of his skin: (TA:) or both verbs signify it parched, scorched, or burned, and blackened, his skin. (Zj.) الشَّمْسُ ↓ لَوَّحَتْهُ The sun altered him, and scorched, i. e. slightly burned, and changed the colour of, his face; (S;) and in like manner fire, and the hot wind called سَمُوم; as also لَاحَتْهُ. (A.) 2 لوّح, (inf. n. تَلْوِيحٌ, TA,) He heated (S, K) a thing with fire. (S; see MA, and see 1.) b2: لوّحهُ الشَّيْبُ Hoariness altered him; (TA;) rendered him white. (K, TA.) b3: See 1, and 4.4 أَلْوَحَ See 1 throughout the first half. b2: الاح مِنَ الشَّىْءِ, (inf. n. الاحة, TA,) (tropical:) He (a man) was cautious and fearful of the thing. (S, K. *) A2: الاح بِثَوْبِهِ, (L,) and به ↓ لوّح, (Lh, S, L,) and به ↓ لاح, (L,) (tropical:) He made a sign with his garment, (S, L,) from a distant place, taking the end of it in his hand, and waving it about, to make it seen by some one whom he desired to see it. (L.) الاح بِسَيْفِهِ; (S, K;) and به ↓ لوّح, (K,) inf. n. تَلْوِيحٌ; (TA:) (tropical:) He made a sign with his sword, (S, K,) and waved it, or moved it about, [for the purpose above mentioned]. (TA.) b2: لوّح لِلْكَلْبِ بِرَغِيفٍ فَتَبِعَهُ (tropical:) He made a sign to the dog with a cake of bread, and he followed him. (A.) A3: الاح بِحَقَِّىِ He went away with, or took away, that which belonged to me. (ISk, S.) A4: الاحهُ, (inf. n. إِلَاحَةٌ, TA,) He destroyed him or it. (S, K.) 8 إِلْتَوَحَ see 1.10 استلاح He sought, tried, or endeavoured, to see, syn. تَبَصَّرَ, (K,) فِى الأَمْرِ into the affair, or thing. (TA.) لَوْحٌ A look; syn. نَظْرَةٌ; [or rather a glance, or light or quick look;] like لَمْحَةٌ. (K.) A2: See لُوحٌ

A3: Any broad, or wide, and thin, thing, such as a board or plank or the like, of wood or of bone: (T, M, Msb, K:) pl. أَلْوَاحٌ, and pl. pl. أَلَاوِيحُ. (K.) A word of this kind has not a pl. of the measure أَفْعُلٌ, because dammeh to the و is disliked. (Sb.) b2: أَلْوَاحٌ i. q. لَوَائِحُ, q. v. b3: The scapula or shoulder-blade, (T, S, Msb, K,) when it is written upon, or inscribed. (T, Msb, K.) b4: Any wide bone: (S, Msb:) or any bone of the body, except the bones called قَصَب of the arms and legs. (Msb.) See also مِلْوَاحٌ. b5: لَمْ يَبْقَ مِنْهُ إِلَّا الالواح (tropical:) There remained of him nothing but the wide bones. Said of one that is lean, or emaciated. (A.) b6: لَوْحُ الكَتِفِ The smooth part of the shoulder-blade, where its projecting part (عَيْر [so I read for غير, in the L]) terminates, in the upper portion. (L.) b7: لَوْحٌ That [meaning a tablet] upon which one writes. (S.) b8: كَتَبْنَا لَهُ فِى الأَلْوَاحِ [We wrote for him upon the tablets, or tables]. (Kur vii. 142.) They are said to have been two tablets; but it is allowable to call two tablets الواح. (Zj.) b9: اللَّوْحُ المَحْفُوظُ, mentioned in the Kur, [chap. lxxxv. last verse, The Preserved, or Guarded, Tablet, whereon are said to be inscribed all the divine decrees;] (tropical:) the depository of the decrees, or willed events, ordained by God: (TA:) or i. q. أُمُّ الكِتَابِ: or a light which appears to the angels, showing to them the things which they are commanded to do, and which they obey. (Msb.) لُوحٌ (S, K) and ↓ لَوْحٌ, (Lh, K,) but the former is of higher authority, (K,) and the latter is mentioned by none but Lh, (TA,) The air, or atmosphere, (S, K,) between heaven and earth: (S:) the air next to the higher part, or to the clouds, of the sky; syn. سُكَاك: this is its meaning in the phrase لَا أَفْعَلُ ذٰلِكَ وَلَوْ نَزَوْتَ فِى اللُّوحِ [I will not do that even if thou leap into the air next to the higher part, or to the clouds, of the sky]. (S.) إِبِلٌ لَوْحَى Thirsty camels. (S, K.) لَيَاحٌ: see لِيَاحٌ.

شَىْءٌ لِيَاحٌ, (S, K,) and ↓ لَيَاحٌ, (K,) A white thing. (S.) The و is changed into ى because of the kesreh before it. (Fr, S.) لَيَاحٌ is extr.; for there is no reason for the change of the و therein into ى, unless for alleviation of the sound. (L.) b2: Also لِيَاحٌ and ↓ لَيَاحٌ Of a shining, or glistening, white hue. (L.) b3: أَبْيَضُ لِيَاحٌ, and ↓ لَيَاحٌ, (tropical:) Intensely white. (K, TA.) b4: Also لِيَاحٌ (S, K) and ↓ لَيَاحٌ (K) The wild bull: (S, K:) so called because of his whiteness. (S.) b5: Also both words, The daybreak, or dawn: (K:) so called for the same reason. (TA.) b6: لَقِيتُهُ بِلِيَاحٍ I met him at the period of the afternoon called العَصْر, when the sun was white. (L.) لَوَّاحَةٌ لِلْبَشَرِ, [Kur, lxxiv. 29, referring to سَقَرُ,] Burning the [scarf-] skin so as to blacken it. (Zj.) لَوَائِحُ شَىْءٍ [pl. of لَائِحَةٌ] The parts of a thing that are apparent, and that show the signs thereof. (TA.) لَوَائِحُ and ↓ أَلْوَاحٌ The external parts of a thing. (A.) لَوَاحِى الشَّيْبِ The apparent signs of hoariness, occurs in a verse of Khufáf Ibn-Nudbeh, for لَوَائِح الشيب. (TA.) b2: السِّلَاحِ ↓ أَلْوَاحُ Shining, gleaming, or glistening, weapons; such as the sword, (S, K,) end the like, (K,) and the spear-head; (S;) generally meaning swords, because of their whiteness: (ISd:) or, as some say, the cases, or receptacles, in which are the swords together with their scabbards and suspensory belts or strings, because made of boards. (IB.) 'Amr Ibn-Ahmar ElBáhilee says, تُمْسِى كَأَلْوَاحِ السِّلَاحِ وَتُضْ حِى كَالْمَهَاةِ صَبِيحَةَ القَطْرِ [In the evening she is like shining weapons, (so accord. to the S.) or like sword-cases, (accord. to IB,) and in the early part of the day, after sunrise, she is like the wild cow on the morning of, or after, rain]. IB says, that the poet means, in the evening she is lean, or slender, like a sword-case; but in the morning, like a wild cow, &c. (L.) مِلْوَحٌ: see مِلْوَاحٌ, مِلْوَاحٌ Large in the أَلْوَاح, (K,) meaning [the shoulder-blades, or] any of the wide bones of the body: applied to a camel and to a man: (TA:) or having excellent and large الواح: (Sh, AHeyth:) and الواح is said to mean the ذِرَاعَانِ [or two radii], the سَاقَانِ [or two tibiæ], and the عَضُدَانِ [or two humeri, or upper bones of the arms]. (TA.) b2: Tall. (K.) b3: Lean, lank, or light of flesh; or slender, or lank in the belly: (K:) applied alike to a man and a woman: also, a beast of carriage that becomes so quickly: (TA:) also, a woman that quickly becomes lean, or emaciated: (K:) pl. مَلَاوِيحُ. (TA.) b4: مِلْوَاحٌ A beast (S) that quickly becomes thirsty; (S, K;) as also ↓ مِلْوَحٌ (K) and مِلْيَاحٌ; (IAar, K;) the last extr., as though the و were changed into ى because of the kesreh which is near before it, and as though they had imagined a kesreh to the ل. (ISd.) b5: رِيحٌ مِلْوَاحٌ [A very thirsty wind]. (TA, voce نَكْبَآءُ.) A2: [A kind of decoy-bird. See رَامِقٌ.]

مِلْيَاحٌ: see مِلْوَاحٌ.

مُلَوَّحٌ Altered by fire, or by the sun, or by travel, [&c.]: an arrow, before it is furnished with feathers and a head, altered by fire; and in like manner the iron head of an arrow or of a spear, or the like: (TA:) also ↓ مُلْتَاحٌ altered (K) by the sun, or by travel, &c. (TA.) مُلْتَاحٌ: see مُلَوَّحٌ.