فتح

1 فَتَحَ, (S, A, MA, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. فَتْحٌ, (Msb,) He opened, (MA,) i. q. فَرَجَ, (Msb,) and [app. he unlocked,] contr. of أَغْلَقَ, (Msb, K,) a door; (S, A, MA, Msb;) and so ↓ فتّح, and ↓ افتتح; (K;) or you say ↓ فَتَّحْتُ الأَبْوَابَ [I opened the doors], this verb being with teshdeed to denote multiplicity [of the objects]; (S;) and ↓ استفتح signifies the same as ↓ افتتح; (S, * K;) i. e. each of these signifies he opened a door; (TK;) you say الشَّىْءَ ↓ اِسْتَفْتَحْتُ and ↓ اِفْتَتَحْتُهُ [I opened the thing; and the former signifies also I sought, or demanded, the opening of the thing]; (S, TA;) and البَابَ ↓ جَآءَ يَسْتَفْتِحُ [He came opening the door; or seeking, or demanding, the opening of the door; the latter being the more obvious meaning]. (A, TA.) b2: [Hence,] one says, فُلَانٌ لَا يُفْتَحُ العَيْنُ عَلَى مِثْلِهِ [Such a one, the eye will not be opened upon the like of him]. (A.) b3: And فَتَحْتُ القَنَاةَ, inf. n. as above, I opened the conduit, in order that the water might run, and irrigate the seed-produce. (Msb.) b4: And فَتَحَ بَيْنَ رِجْلَيْهِ [He made an opening between his legs; he parted his legs; like فَرَجَ بَيْنَهُمَا]. (S in art. رهو.) b5: And فَتَحَ أَصَابِعَ رِجْلَيْهِ [app. He parted his toes; if not a mistake for فَتَخَ, as it seems probably to be from the fact of its being expl. as meaning] he inclined the ends of his toes towards the back, i. e. the upper part, of his foot. (Mgh.) b6: فَتَحَتْ, said of a she-camel, [and of a sheep or goat (see فَتُوحٌ),] She had wide orifices to her teats; as also ↓ افتحت; (S, K;) and ↓ افتتحت. (TK: but this I do not find in the K.) b7: [The following meanings are tropical.] b8: فَتَحَ, (A, Msb, TA,) inf. n. فَتْحٌ; (K;) and ↓ افتتح; (K, TA;) (tropical:) [He laid open by invasion, to (عَلَى) such a person, or such a people, (see an ex. voce طَرَفٌ,) i. e.] he conquered, won, or took by force, (Msb,) a country (A, Msb, K, TA) of the unbelievers, (A, TA,) or of a people with whom there was war. (K, TA.) b9: [فَتَحَهُ لَهُ (assumed tropical:) He granted it, permitted it, allowed it, or made it to be unrestricted, to him. See Ksh and Bd in xxxv. 2.] b10: فَتَحَ المُشْكِلَ (assumed tropical:) He explained, or made clear, that which was dubious, or confused. (Bd in vii. 87.) And اِفْتَحْ سِرَّكَ عَلَىَّ لَا عَلَى فُلَانٍ (tropical:) [Open, or reveal, thy secret to me; not to such a one]. (A, TA.) b11: [Hence,] فَتَحَ عَلَيْهِ (tropical:) He taught him, informed him, or acquainted him. (TA.) [You say, فَتَحَ عَلَيْهِ بِكَذَا (assumed tropical:) He taught him such a thing, informed him of it, or acquainted him with it.] b12: And hence, (TA,) (tropical:) [He prompted him; i. e.] he recited to him (namely, an Imám, A, Msb, or a reciter, A, TA) what he was unable to utter [by reason of forgetfulness], in order that he might know it. (Msb, TA. *) And فَتَحَ عَلَى مَنِ اسْتَقْرَأَهُ (tropical:) [He recited something to him who desired him to do so, the latter being unable to do it]. (TA.) b13: And, said of God, (tropical:) He aided him against his enemy; or made him to be victorious, to conquer, or to overcome; syn. نَصَرَهُ. (A, Msb.) b14: فُتِحَ عَلَى فُلَانٍ (tropical:) Such a one became fortunate; possessed of good fortune; favoured by the world, or by worldly circumstances. (A, TA.) b15: فَتَحَ اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِمْ فُتُوحًا كَثِيرَةً (tropical:) is said of persons who have been rained upon [as meaning God bestowed upon them many, or abundant, first rains]. (A.) b16: فَتَحَ بَيْنَهُمْ, (A,) or بَيْنَ النَّاسِ, (Msb,) or بَيْنَ الخَصْمَيْنِ, (K,) inf. n. فَتْحٌ, (T, Msb, K,) and فُتَاحَةٌ (S, * K) and فِتَاحَةٌ are syn. therewith [app. as inf. ns.], (K,) and فُتُوحَةٌ and فِتَاحٌ, (L,) in the dial. of Himyer, (TA,) He judged (T, Msb, K, TA) between them, (A,) or between the men, (Msb,) or between the two litigants. (K.) You say, اِفْتَحْ بَيْنَنَا Judge thou between us: (S:) thus in the Kur vii. 87. (TA.) And مَا أَحْسَنَ فِتَاحَتَهُ How good is his judging, or judgment ! (A.) b17: [فَتَحَ الحَرْفَ, a conventional phrase in grammar and lexicology, He pronounced the letter with the vowel-sound termed فَتْح: and he marked the letter with the sign of that vowel-sound.]2 فتّح: see 1, first sentence, in two places. b2: [Also, said of a medicine &c., It opened the bowels; acted as an aperient: and it removed obstructions: see the act. part. n.]3 فاتحهُ [He addressed him first]. One says, المُلُوكُ لَا تُفَاتَحُ بِالكَلَامِ (tropical:) [Kings shall not be addressed first with speech]. (A.) b2: And, (A, K, * TA,) inf. n. مُفَاتَحَةٌ and فِتَاحٌ, (assumed tropical:) He commenced a dispute, debate, discussion, or controversy, with him: (TA:) or (tropical:) he summoned him to the judge, and litigated with him. (A, K, * TA.) b3: And فاتحهُ signifies also (tropical:) He bargained with him and gave him nothing: in the case of his giving him, one says فاتكهُ. (IAar, TA; and O and K in art. فتك.) b4: And فاتح (assumed tropical:) He compressed (K, TA) his wife. (TA.) b5: [Also (assumed tropical:) He rendered a thing easy: b6: and (assumed tropical:) He was liberal. (Freytag, from the Deewán of the Hudhalees.)]4 أَفْتَحَ see 1, in the second quarter of the paragraph.5 تَفَتَّحَ see 7, in three places. [Hence,] تفتّح النَّوْرُ The blossom [or blossoms] opened. (MA.) and تفتّح الأَكِمَّةُ عَنِ النَّوْرِ The calyxes burst open [from over the blossoms, so as to disclose them]. (TA.) b2: [تفتّح فِى الكَلَامِ is like our phrase (assumed tropical:) He showed off, or made an ostentatious display, in speech, or talk.] And you say, تفتّح بِمَا عِنْدَهُ مِنْ مَالٍ أَوْ أَدَبٍ (L, in the K مِنْ مُلْكٍ وَأَدَبٍ,) (assumed tropical:) He boasted of, or boasted himself in, or made a vain display of, what he had, or possessed, of wealth, or of good education, or polite accomplishments: (L, K: *) and تفتّح بِهِ عَلَيْنَا (assumed tropical:) He boasted of it, or boasted himself in it, against us. (L.) 6 تَفَاتَحَا كَلَامًا بَيْنَهُمَا (assumed tropical:) They two talked together with a suppressed voice, exclusively of others [i. e. so as not to be heard by others]. (K.) 7 انفتح quasi-pass. of فَتَحَ, said of a door, (S, A, Msb, TA,) It opened, or became opened or open; (Msb;) as also ↓ تفتّح: (TA:) or the latter is quasi-pass. of فَتَّحَ, so that you say, الأَبْوَابُ ↓ تَفَتَّحَتِ [The doors opened, or became opened or open]. (S.) b2: And انفتح عَنْهُ It (anything) became removed from over it, or from before it, (i. e. another thing,) so as to disclose it, or expose it to view. (TA.) [And ↓ تفتّح has a similar meaning, but is properly said of a number of things.]8 إِفْتَتَحَ see 1, first sentence, in three places; and again, in the second quarter of the paragraph, in two places. b2: One says also, افتتح الصَّلَاةَ (tropical:) (A, MA) He opened, or commenced, prayer: (MA:) اِفْتِتَاحُ الصَّلَاةِ meaning (tropical:) The saying اَللّٰهُ أَكْبَرْ the first time [in prayer, i. e., before the first recitation of the Opening Chapter of the Kur-án]. (TA.) And اِفْتَتَحْتُهُ بِكَذَا (assumed tropical:) I commenced it with such a thing. (Msb.) And مَا أَحْسَنَ مَا افْتُتِحَ عَامُنَا بِهِ (tropical:) [How good is that with which our year has commenced !]; said when the sign, or token, [or prognostic,] of plenty, or abundance of herbage, has appeared. (A, TA.) 10 إِسْتَفْتَحَ see 1, first sentence, in three places. b2: آتِى بَابَ الجَنَّةِ فَأَسْتَفْتِحُ is a saying of Mohammad, meaning I shall come to the gate of Paradise and seek, or demand, or ask for, the opening thereof. (El-Jámi' es-Sagheer, the first of the trads. mentioned therein, and thus expl. in the margin of a copy of that work.) b3: استفتحهُ القُرْآنَ (tropical:) He desired, or asked, him to explain the Kur-án. (MA.) b4: استفتحهُ الإِمَامُ (tropical:) [The Imám desired, or asked, him to prompt him; i. e., to recite to him what he was unable to utter by reason of forgetfulness: see فَتَحَ عَلَيْهِ]. (A, TA.) b5: And استفتح signifies also (assumed tropical:) He sought, desired, demanded, or asked, aid against an enemy, or victory. (S, Msb, K.) One says, استفتح بِهِمْ (assumed tropical:) He sought, &c., aid, or victory, by means of them. (L, from a trad.) And استفتح اللّٰهَ (tropical:) (A, TA) He desired, or asked, God to grant aid, or victory, (TA,) لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ عَلَى الكُفَّارِ [to the Muslims against, or over, the unbelievers]. (A.) b6: Also (assumed tropical:) He sought, desired, demanded, or asked, judgment. (L.) فَتْحٌ inf. n. of فَتَحَ [q. v.]. (Msb, &c.) b2: [As a subst.,] (tropical:) Conquest of a country: (K, TA:) pl. فُتُوحٌ (TA) [and pl. pl. فُتُوحَاتٌ]. يَوْمٌ الفَتْحِ means particularly (assumed tropical:) The day of the conquest of Mekkeh: (L:) and also (assumed tropical:) The day of resurrection. (Mujáhid, L.) b3: (assumed tropical:) Aid against an enemy; or victory; syn. نَصْرٌ; as also ↓ فَتَاحَةٌ. (K.) b4: (assumed tropical:) Means of subsistence, with which God gives aid: pl. as above. (TA.) b5: (tropical:) The first of the rain called الوَسْمِىّ; (L, K;) as also ↓ فَتُوحٌ [which see again in what follows]: (K:) or the first of any rain; as also ↓ فُتْحَةٌ: (L:) pl. of the first فُتُوحٌ, (A,) or ↓ فَتُوحٌ, with fet-h to the ف, (L,) [see the mention of this voce فَيْحٌ,] but MF strongly reprobates this latter form, and observes that فَعُولٌ as a pl. measure is absolutely unknown. (TA.) One says, أَصَابَتِ الأَرْضُ فُتُوحٌ (tropical:) [First rains fell upon the land]. (A.) b6: (tropical:) Water running (S, K, TA) from a spring or other source: (S, TA:) or water running upon the surface of the earth: (AHn, TA:) or water for which a channel is opened to a tract of land for its irrigation thereby: (L:) or a river, or rivulet, or canal of running water. (T, TA.) مَا سُقِىَ بِالفَتْحِ فَفِيهِ العُشْرُ, and مَا سُقِىَ فَتْحًا, (L,) فَتْحًا being here in the accus. case as an inf. n., i. e. مَا فُتِحَ إِلَيْهِ مَآءُ الأَنْهَارِ فَتْحًا, (Mgh, L, *) occurring in a trad., means In the case of that (relating to the several sorts of seed-produce, and palm-trees,) which is irrigated by means of the channel opened to conduct to it the water of the river [or rivers], the tithe [of the produce shall be taken]. (L.) b7: The place of insertion of the tang of the iron head that enters into the shaft of an arrow: (K, * TA:) pl. as above. (TA.) b8: The fruit of the tree called نَبْع, resembling the حَبَّة خَضْرَآء [or fruit of the pistachia terebinthus], (K, TA,) except that it is red, sweet, and round; eaten by men. (TA.) b9: [As a conventional term in grammar and lexicology, A certain vowel-sound, well-known: and ↓ فَتْحَةٌ signifies The sign of that vowel-sound.]

فُتُحٌ a word of the measure فُعُلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ. (S.) You say بَابٌ فُتُحٌ A wide, open, door: (S, K:) or a large, wide, door. (Msb.) And قَارُورَةٌ فُتُحٌ A wide-headed bottle or flash: (S, K:) or a bottle, or flash, having neither a stopper nor a case: (Ks, S, Msb, K:) because, if so, it is open. (TA.) فَتْحَةٌ: see فَتْحٌ, last sentence.

فُتْحَةٌ An opening, or intervening space; syn. فُرْجَةٌ: pl. فُتَحٌ. (Msb.) b2: See also فَتْحٌ. b3: Also (assumed tropical:) A boasting of, or boasting oneself in, or making a vain display of, what one has, or possesses, of wealth, or of good education, or polite accomplishments. (L, K, * TA.) One says, مَا هٰذِهِ الفُتْحَةُ الَّتِى أَظْهَرْتَهَا (assumed tropical:) What is this boasting, &c., which thou hast exhibited? (L.) IDrd thinks it to be not [genuine] Arabic. (L.) فَتْحَى Gain, profit, or increase obtained in traffic; syn. رِبْحٌ; [so accord. to the L; accord. to the copies of the K, erroneously, رِيحٌ i. e. “ wind; ”] mentioned by Az, on the authority of Ibn-Buzurj: a poet says, أَكُلُّهُمُ لَا بَارَكَ اللّٰهُ فِيهِمُ

إِذَا ذُكِرَتْ فَتْحَى مِنَ البَيْعِ عَاجِبُ [Are all of them, (may God not bless them,) when gain arising from selling is mentioned, in a state of wonder?]. (L.) فَتُوحٌ A she-camel having wide orifices to her teats; (S, K;) and so a ewe or a she-goat: pl. فُتْحٌ. (TA.) b2: See also فَتْحٌ, in two places.

فَتَاحَةٌ: see فَتْحٌ, fourth sentence.

فُتَاحَةٌ [see 1, near the end].

A2: الفُتَاحَةُ, thus in the L and other lexicons, without ى after the ح, but in the K ↓ الفُتَاحِيَةُ, there said to be with damm and without teshdeed, (TA,) A certain bird, different from that called الفَتَّاحُ, (K, TA,) tinged with redness. (TA.) فِتَاحَةٌ [see 1, near the end]. b2: [As a subst.,] (tropical:) The office of judge: one says, فُلَانٌ وُلِّىَ الفِتَاحَةَ (tropical:) Such a one was appointed to the office of judge. (A, TA.) b3: And [(tropical:) Litigation, or altercation:] one says, بَيْنَهُمَا فِتَاحَاتٌ (tropical:) Between them two are litigations, or altercations. (A, TA.) الفُتَاحِيَةُ: see الفُتَاحَةُ.

فَتَّاحٌ [An opener: and an unlocker. b2: and hence, (assumed tropical:) A conquerer. b3: And], in the dial. of Himyer, (TA,) (tropical:) A judge; one who decides between litigants: (S, Msb, K, TA:) it is like ↓ فَاتِحٌ, but [this signifies simply judging, and the former] has an intensive signification. (Msb.) الفَتَّاحُ, as an epithet applied to God, in the Kur xxxiv. 25, means (assumed tropical:) The Judge: or, accord. to IAth, (assumed tropical:) the Opener of the gates of sustenance and of mercy to his servants. (TA.) b4: بَيْتٌ فَتَّاحٌ means A wide, or an ample, house or tent. (El-Fáïk, TA.) b5: And الفَتَّاحُ signifies A certain bird, (K,) which is black, and which moves about its tail much, or often; white in the base of the tail, beneath it; and there is a sort thereof red; (TA;) also called أُمُّ عَجْلَانَ: (O in art. عجل:) pl. فَتَاتِيحُ, (K,) to which is added in the K, “without ا and ل; ”

but there is no reason why it should not have ال prefixed to it; and perhaps it should be correctly “ without ا and ت,” i. e. it is not pluralized with ا and ت [as an affix to the sing.], as in the L &c. (MF, TA.) فَاتِحٌ [Opening: &c.]: see فَتَّاحٌ.

فَاتِحَةٌ (tropical:) The commencement, or first part, of a thing: (S, A, * K:) pl. فَوَاتِحُ. (A.) فَاتِحَةُ الكِتَابِ, (Msb,) or فَاتِحَةُ القُرْآنِ, (TA,) [and simply الفَاتِحَةُ, (assumed tropical:) The opening chapter, or exordium, of the Kur-án,] is [said to be] so called because the recitation in prayer is commenced therewith. (Msb.) One says also, قَرَأَ فَاتِحَةَ السُّورَةِ وَخَاتِمَتَهَا (tropical:) He recited the first part, or portion, of the chapter of the Kur-án and its last part, or portion. (A.) And فَوَاتِحُ القُرْآنِ signifies (tropical:) The first parts, or portions, of the chapters of the Kur-án. (K, TA.) [See also مُفْتَتَحٌ.]

مَفْتَحٌ A place in which things are reposited, stowed, laid up, kept, preserved, or guarded; a repository; syn. خِزَانَةٌ and مَخْزَنٌ: [and a hoard; syn. خَزِينَةٌ:] and treasure; or buried property; syn. كَنْزٌ: (K, TA:) pl., in both senses, مَفَاتِحُ. (TA.) The pl. as occurring in the Kur xxviii. 76 is said to signify treasures or buried property (كُنُوز) and hoards (خَزَائِن [as pl. of خَزِينَةٌ, not of خِزَانَةٌ]): or hoards (خَزَاوئن) of wealth, which Az says is the most probable meaning: (L, TA:) or it there means keys, as pl. of ↓ مِفْتَحٌ; (Ksh, Bd;) and it is said that they were of skins, of the measure of the finger, and were borne upon sixty mules, (Ksh, L, TA,) or seventy; but this is not a valid explanation. (L, TA.) مِفْتَحٌ see the next preceding paragraph, and the next but one following; the latter in two places. b2: Also A conduit (قَنَاة) of water. (TA.) مُفَتِّحٌ, applied to a medicine &c., Aperient; having the property of opening the bowels: and مُفَتِّحٌ لِلسُّدَدِ deobstruent; having the property of removing obstructions.]

مِفْتَاحٌ (S, Msb, K, &c.) and ↓ مِفْتَحٌ (Msb, K) A key; an instrument with which a lock is opened; (Msb;) [a key] of a door; and of anything that is closed, or locked; (S;) an instrument for opening, (K, TA,) i. e. anything with which a thing is opened: (TA:) pl. of the former مَفَاتِيحُ and مفَاتِحُ, said by Akh to be similar to أَمَانِىُّ and أَمَانٍ; (S;) or مفاتيح is pl. مِفْتَاحٌ, and مفاتح is pl. of ↓ مِفْتَحٌ [as well as of مَفْتَحٌ]. (Msb.) b2: مِفْتَاحُهَا الطُّهُورُ, said by the Prophet, in relation to prayer, means (tropical:) That which is as though it were the key thereof is the thing [or water] with which one purifies himself; being the means of removing the legal impurity that prevents one's addressing himself boldly to the act of prayer. (Msb.) b3: And أُوِتِيتُ مَفَاتِيحَ الكَلِمِ, or مَفَاتِحَ الكَلِمِ, accord. to different relaters, occurring in a trad., i. e. I have been given the keys of words, means [I have been given] an easy faculty, granted by God, for the acquirement of eloquence and chasteness of speech, and the attaining to the understanding of obscure meanings, and novel and admirable kinds of knowledge, and the beauties of expressions and phrases, which are closed against others, and difficult to be learnt by them. (L.) b4: And المِفْتَاحُ signifies also (assumed tropical:) A certain brand upon the thigh and neck (K, TA) of a camel, in the form of what is [properly] thus called. (TA.) مَفْتُوحٌ An opened, or unclosed, [and an unlocked,] door. (Msb.) b2: [And (assumed tropical:) A light, or bright, colour; a meaning probably post-classical. b3: For other significations, see its verb.]

مَفَاتِيحُ, (unparalleled [in form] among sing. words, MF,) applied to a she-camel, Fat: pl. مَفَاتِيحَاتٌ: (K:) mentioned by Seer.(TA.) مُفْتَتَحٌ is an inf. n. [signifying The act of opening and commencing &c.]: and a n. of place and of time [signifying a place of opening and commencing &c. and a time thereof: and also the opening portion of the Kur-án; as shown voce خَاتَمٌ, q. v.]: and is a commonly-known and chaste word: though it has been said that مُخْتَتَمٌ [which has the contr. significations] is not a chaste word: (TA in the present art.:) this, however, is not correct; for it is a chaste word, and of frequent occurrence. (TA in art. ختم.) يَوْمٌ مُنْفَتِحٌ بَالمَآءِ (tropical:) A day [of clouds] bursting, or opening vehemently, with rain. (A.) b2: الحُرُوفُ المُنْفَتِحَةُ (assumed tropical:) The letters of which the utterance requires the opening of [that part of the mouth which is called] the حَنَك; (TA;) all the letters of the alphabet except ص, ض, ط, and ظ. (K, TA.)

فتح: فتح: ثقب كرة وجعل فيها منفذاً وباباً (بوشر) وفي تاريخ تونس (ص920) في الكلام عن الداي: وفتح باب البنات وبني خارجه سوقاً. ويقال أيضا: فتح بيوتاً في باطن السور أي شق السور السميك وبنى في داخله بيوتاً (ابن بطوطة 135:2).
فتح: كان أول من اشترى (بوشر).
فتح: أخلى الميناء ويقال: فتح مينا، (بوشر).
فتح: كشف ما تراكم من تراب وأزاله، وأزال الطين والوحل. (ألكالا).
فتح: أصلح، رقم، رأب، رقق، رفأ، (ألكالا).
فتح: فتح الله لفلان فتحاً: ألهمه. ففي المقري (943:1): أفتح لي فتحاً تنور به قلبي. ويقال أيضا: فتح على فلان. (المقدمة 256:3).
فتح الله في: سمح، أذن في، ففي البيان (97:1) فأن فتح في الدعاء فقد أذن في الإجابة.
فتح: استجاب، قبل، أجاب إلى: ففي رياض النفوس (ص94 و): فصلى ما فتحه الله أي صلى صلاة قبلها الله.
فتح الله لي في العلم أو العمل: قبل الله دعائي في أن أصبح عالماً وأن أعمل صالحاً، (المقري 487:1، 488).
فتح ب: في ابن العوام (545:1): في وقت فتح الأشجار بالنور (بالنوار في مخطوطة ل) والورق، أي في وقت بدأ الأشجار تتفتح لتظهر أزهارها وأوراقها.
فتح على فلان ب: تصدق عليه ب، أحسن إليه إحساناً غير متوقع. (ابن بطوطة 19:1، 24:2، ألف ليلة: 290:1، 195:2). وفي رياض النفوس (ص58 ق): وقال هذه خمسون ديناراً مثاقيل بعث بهما (بها) إليكما وفتح بها عليكما، ويقال: فتح الله بمعنى وفقك الله في صيد السمك (ألف ليلة برسل 96:4).
يفتح الله: جواب التاجر المألوف حين يرفض الثمن الذي قدمه له المشتري (= هذا قليل جداً) (ألف ليلة 421:1، 116:2) وهذا قول موجز لم يحسن برتون (74:1) تفسيره. وبمقارنة ما جاء في (برسل 303:10) بما جاء في (ماكن 294:4) يتبين أنه (يفتح الله عليَّ بغير بيعه) أي ليوفقني الله فلا أبيع هذا الشيء بهذا الثمن. وهذا التعبير يعني أيضا: لا لن تأخذ شيئاً.
وكذلك يقال للكمدي حين يراد عدم إعطائه شيئاً: يفتح الله عليك. (ألف ليلة 259:1) وفي رياض النفوس (ص80 و) أن طفلاً أراد أن تشتري له أمه حلوى فقالت له: يفتح الله فأخذ يبكي. ويفتح الله لها أيضا معنى آخر، فحين يسأل شخص (أين تذهب، فيجيبه: (يفتح الله) أي إلى حيث يهديني الله.) (هاي ص2).
فتح باباً أو سيرة: فتح الحديث في المسألة، كان أو من تكلم فيها. (بوشر).
فتح معه سيرة: عقد الحديث. وأصل الكلام (بوشر).
فتح معه باباً أو كلاماً: بادر إلى الأمر وسبقه إليه (بوشر). فتح باباً: تعرض للأمر ومهد له. ومجازاً كان أول من سعى في الأمر وابتدأ فيه (بوشر).
فتح باب: تمهيد، الخطوات الأولى للإصلاح والتوفيق. (بوشر).
فتح له باب أو سيرة: قدم له عرضاً للمفاوضة ودعاه إليه. (بوشر).
فتح باباً ل: ولد، سبب. (بوشر).
فتح عليه بابا في السحر (أنظره في مادة باب). وكذلك: فتح الدارات. (المقرئ 234:3).
فتح افتتاحاً: جرب، مهد. مرن. وتستعمل مجازاً بمعنى بدأ بالأقل شأناً وأهمية. (بوشر).
فتح بنتاً: أفرعها، أزال بكارتها. (بوشر، ألف ليلة 884:4).
فتح الحرب: بدأ الحرب. (بوشر).
فتح دعوى على: أقام عليه الدعوى. (بوشر).
فتح سكة: شق طريقاً ومهده. (بوشر).
فتح سيفه: سل سيفه. (أبو الوليد ص594).
فتح يده في السوط: تناول السوط. (عنتر ص58). فتح صدره: صرخ بكل ما يضمر، تكلم بصراحة (بوشر).
فتح عينه: أدبه، هذبه. ومجازاً: أنشأه ونشأه. (بوشر، فوك).
فتح العين: نبه الذهن. (بوشر).
فتح العقل: استفتح العقل وجعله أقدر على الفهم وأشد تنبها. (بوشر).
فتح الفال: تفاءل، وتكهن، وخمن. (بوشر، همبرت ص89، 157).
فتح فتوحات كثيرة: قام بحروب كثيرة ونجح فيها واستولى على بلاد كثيرة وتملكها. (معجم أبي الفداء).
فتح القلوع: نشر الأشرعة. (همبرت ص120).
فتح كياً: كوى. (بوشر).
فتح (بالتشديد): فتح الزهر: تفتح، فغر، فقح، تفقح. (بوشر، المقري 383:1، فليشر بريشت ص185، 271، ياقوت 904:3).
تفتيح في مصطلح الخياطة: غرز الإبرة، حسب رأي دي سلان (المقدة 327:3، 309:3).
فاتح: فاتحه بالكلام: بدأه بالكلام وحادثه. (بوشر، عبد الواحد ص174، المقري 396:2).
فاتح البيع: ذكرت في ديوان الهذليين (13، البيت الخامس) مع الشرح في (ص14).
تفتح. تفتح البرق: لمع البرق ولمحة. (الكامل ص73) انفتح: أفضى إلى، أدى إلى، وانشق وإن فرز.
يقال: انفتح الدمل. (بوشر) انفتح: أخرق، تصدع. ففي رياض النفوس (ص88 ق) في الكلام عن لوح في المركب فانفتح لنا لوح فرجعنا إلى قمودة وفزعنا بعض الشحنة أو الشحنة كلها ثم أصلحنا المركب. وفيه بلغنا أن قلوبكم ضعفت لما نالكم من انفتاح المركب - ومن هذا استعملوا كلمة انفتاح بمعنى غرق (ألكالا) وعند أماري (ديب ص223) يجب إبدال كلمة أصلح بكلمة انفتح فتكون العبارة: وإذا انفتح لهم مركب من ريح عرضت، وكذلك يجب إبدال إنضاج بكلمة انفتح في (ص228) لأن الترجمة الإيطالية القديمة تنص ص 390 على: بسبب الغرق.
انفتاح القلب: إباحة القلب بأسراره ومكاشفته بها. (بوشر).
انفتح إلي: مال إلي، فيه شبه من. ففي رحلة ابن جبير (ص86) في كلامه عن لوحين (بلاطتين) من المرمر الأخضر: فيهما نكت تنفتح عن لونهما إلى الصفرة قليلاً كأنها تجريع.
افتتح: افتتح خاتمة الأمر: خمن خاتمة الأمر. (فالتون ص35، ص69 رقم 2).
انفتح: استفتح، طلب فتح الباب. ففي رياض النفوس (ص82 ق): ولم يكن يفتح بابه قبل وقت الصلاة فجلسنا على باب البيت فطال علينا الأمر فافتتح رجل أندلسي كان معنا بصوت حزين فسمعنا للشيخ حركة وبكاء وشهيقاً ثم فتح الباب.
استفتح: كتب مقدمة الكتاب وفاتحته (ألكالا).
استفتح: استلم أولى مبلغ في يومه من البيع (بوشر).
استفتح: فتح البلاد واستولى عليها. (فوك) فتح: أبو الفتوحات: فاتح. (بوشر) فتح: خرق، شق، فلق، صدع. (بوشر).
فتح: ثاني حراثة للأرض. (ابن العوام 92). فتح، والجمع فتوح، وجمع الجمع فتوحات: صدقة، حسنة. وفي المعجم اللاتيني العربي ( stapes فتح ورزق). (ابن بطوطة 19:2، 275 المقري 710:2).
فتح، والجمع فتوح وجمع الجمع فتوحات: فضل من الله يمنحه للمتصوفة الذين بلغوا أقصى الدرجات من الحياة الروحية (دي سلان المقدمة 91:3 رقم 4) والنص في المقدمة (64:3) (المقري 573:1) وربما ميرسنج (ص26) أيضا، وقد حرفت فيه كلمة القرني.
فتح الباب: عند المنجمين عبارة عن نظر الكوكبين اللذين بيوتهما متقابلة كنظر المشتري وعطارد. (محيط المحيط).
فتحة: ثقبة، فرجة، فجوة، ثغرة. (بوشر).
فتحة: ثقب صغير لمرور القيطان. (بوشر).
فتحة: فتحة في السد لمرور السفن. (بوشر).
فتحة الحلق: فم الحنجرة. زردوم. (بوشر).
فتوح: بدأ المزاد. افتتاح المزاد أول سعر يقدم في المزاد. (بوشر).
فتوح: أجرة، جعالة، معاش، كراء، راتب. (ألكالا، ألف ليلة برسل 215:11).
فتاح: مبالغة فاتح، الذي يكثر الفتح. (بوشر).
فتاح الفال: المتكهن بالمستقبل، بوهيمي. (بوشر، همبرت ص89).
فاتح: ضد غامق، يقال: لون فاتح. (بوشر).
فاتح: عقبة، حجر عثرة، صخور البحر (ألكالا).
فاتح باب كبير: رجل يعيش عيشة باذخة، وكثر حشمة وكثرت نفقاته وعاش بزهو. (بوشر).
فاتح الفال: كاهن، عراف، زاجر الطير، ضارب الرمل، (بوشر، همبرت ص157).
فاتحة: مقدمة، استهلال، مدخل، تمهيد، ديباجة. (بوشر).
فاتحة: فاتحة القداس، بدأ القداس، بدأة القداس. (بوشر).
فاتحة: تمهيد وتوطئة لعقد المعاهدة، ما يجب الاتفاق عليه قبل عقد المعاهدة. (بوشر).
فاتحة الخلاف: أول من بدأ الثورة. (ابن الأغلب ص38). الفاتحة في صحائف من يذوق روحه: طوبى لمن عرف قدر نفسه، فليحي من عرف قدره (بوشر).
مفتح الماء: سكر، باب متحرك حول محور منظم جريان الماء. (محيط المحيط) في مادة بست.
خط مفتح: خط مستقيم. (فوك).
مفتاح: مقلد القانون، مفتاح القانون الآلة الموسيقية. (صفة مصر 300:13).
مفتاح: رائد (مقبض لإدارة آلة) في أخمص القذافة وهي قوس قديمة لقذف السهام والكرات والحجارة وغيرها، الجريدة الآسيوية (1848: 208:2).
المفتاح الناري: شرارة (المعجم اللاتيني العربي) وآلة حربية ترمى النار. (فوك).
مفتاح: قفل، غلق. (كرتاس ص39).
مفتاح: استعملت استعمالاً غريباً في تاريخ البربر ففيه (282:1) اجتمع إليه قبائل غمارة وصنهاجة مفتاح. ويرى السيد دي سلان أنها تعنى الأمر، وهذا بعيد الاحتمال.
مفتوح، بالمفتوح: بصراحة: بوضوح، جهراً، علانية، بإخلاص. (بوشر).
مفتوح العين: لبيب، أريب، بصير، فطن. (فوك) ومحترس، حذر، يقظ. (ألكالا).
فهمه مفتوح: سهل الفهم، قريب المأخذ (بوشر).
يده مفتوحة: كريم، جواد (بوشر).
المفتوح في علم الحساب: العدد المتناظر، المشترك المقياس (محيط المحيط).
الحساب المفتوح: علم الحساب. (ابن خلكان 23:9) وانظر الترجمة (474:3 رقم 2). والمفتوحات أيضا (محيط المحيط) والمفتوح عند أهل الرمل: شكل إحدى مراتبه فرد والباقي أزواج (محيط المحيط) وانظر مسدود.
مفاتحة: مراسلة، مكاتبة. ففي كتاب ابن عبد الملك (ص125 ق): وكانت بينه وبين جماعة من أدباء عصره من أهل مالقة وغيرهم مفاتحات ومراجعات نظماً ونثراً.
مفاتحة الصلح: وعد بالصلح. (بوشر).
افتتاح: بدء: استهلال، تمهيد، مقدمة. (بوشر) وانظر مادة فتح.
افتتاحي: تدشيني، تمهيدي: إعدادي (بوشر)، الانفتاح عند الأطباء: انشقاق العرق في رأسه (محيط المحيط).
استفتاح: أول ما يستلمه البائع في يومه. (بوشر، معجم هابيشت في الجزء الرابع من طبعته لكتاب ألف ليلة).
حرف الاستفتاح: عند النحاة: ألا (محيط المحيط).
استفتاحي: إلا الاستفتاحية. (ابن عقيل ص92) وانظر ما تقدم.

بن

ى1 بَنَاهُ, (T, S, M, &c.,) aor. ـِ (M, Msb,) and بَنُىَ, but the former is the more common, (M,) [or rather the only form commonly known,] inf. n. بِنَآءٌ (T, S, M, Mgh, K) and بِنًا (T, and TA as from the M [but it is not in the transcript of the M in the TT]) and بَنْىٌ and بُنْيَانٌ and بِنْيَةٌ and بنَايَةٌ, (M, K,) He built it; framed it; constructed it; contr. of هَدَمَهُ; (M, K;) namely, a house, (S, Mgh, Msb,) or tent, (S, * Msb,) &c.; (Msb;) as also ↓ ابتناه, (S, M, Msb, K,) and ↓ بنّاهُ; (M, K;) or the last has teshdeed given to it to denote muchness, or frequency, or repetition, of the action, or its application to many objects; and hence you say, بنّى قُصُورًا [He built palaces, or pavilions: or he raised them high: see the pass. part. n. below]. (S, TA.) AHn speaks of a kind of plank as being used فِى بِنَآءِ السُّفُنِ [in the construction of ships]: but بِنَآءٌ is originally used only in relation to that which does not grow; as stone, and clay, and the like. (M.) You say also, بَنَى أَرْضًا, for بَنَى فِى أَرْضٍ [He built in, or upon, land]. (Mgh.) b2: [Hence,] بَنَى عَلَى أَهْلِهِ, (T, S, M, Msb, K,) or عَلَى امْرَأَتِهِ, (Mgh,) and بَنَى بِهَا also, (M, Mgh, Msb, K,) accord. to IDrd (Mgh, Msb) and IJ, (M,) and occurring in traditions and elsewhere, though said in the S to be vulgar, (IAth, MF,) and said to be so by ISk, (T, Msb,) and by some said to be not allowable, (M,) but the former is the more chaste, (Msb,) inf. n. بِنَآءٌ; (S, TA;) as also ↓ ابتنى, (K,) i. e. ابتنى عليها, (ISk, Msb,) or ابتنى بِهَا, (IJ, M,) He had his wife conducted to him on the occasion of the marriage: (ISk, T, S, Msb, K:) or he went in to his wife [for the first time]: (Mgh, Msb:) originating from the fact that the bridegroom used, on that occasion, to pitch a tent for her, (ISk, T, S, Mgh, Msb,) a new tent, (Mgh, Msb,) and furnish it with what was requisite, (Msb,) or a new tent was set up for him, (Mgh, Msb,) in honour of him. (Msb.) [See also بَيْتٌ.] b3: بِنَايَةٌ is sometimes used in relation to nobility: (M, K:) and the verb thus used is بَنَى, as above, (T, M,) having [also] بِنًى for its inf. n., (IAar, T,) and بِنَآءٌ; held by many to be tropical, but by some to be proper. (MF.) Lebeed says, فَسَمَا إِلَيْهِ كَهْلُهَا وَ غُلَامُهَا فَبَنَى لَنَا رَفِيعًا سَمْكُهُ (M) And He (namely, God,) hath built for us a house of nobility of lofty pitch, and its (the tribe's) middle-aged and its youth have risen to it: i. e., all of them have attained to high degrees. (EM, p. 180.) b4: بَنَى بَدَنَهُ It (food) fattened his body, (K,) and made it large: (TA:) and بَنَى لَحْمَهُ, (T, M, K,) aor. ـِ (TA,) inf. n. بِنَآءٌ, (M,) or بَنْىٌ, (TA,) It (food) made his flesh to grow, (T, M, K,) and to become large. (T, TA.) b5: بَنَى الرَّجُلَ He reared, brought up, or educated, the man; (M, K;) as also ↓ ابتناهُ. (M.) b6: [بَنَى كَلِمَةً, inf. n. بِنَآءٌ, He formed a word. b7: and He made a word indeclinable, so as to end invariably with a quiescent letter or with a particular vowel.] بِنَآءُ كَلِمَةٍ [when the former word is considered as the inf. n. of the pass. form بُنِىَ, generally] signifies A word's keeping always the same mode of termination, ending with a quiescent letter or with a particular vowel, not by reason of any governing word: (M, K:) as though the word resembled a fixed, immoveable building. (M.) [You say, بُنِيَتْ عَلَى السُّكُونِ It was made indeclinable, with a quiescent letter for its termination; and عَلَى الفَتْحِ with fet-h for its termination; &c. b8: And in like manner you say, بَنَى القَصِيدَةَ عَلَى البَآءِ, &c., He made the قصيدة to have ب, &c., for its rhyme-letter, or its chief rhyme-letter.]

A2: بَنَتِ القَوْسُ عَلَى وَتَرِهَا The bow clave to its string (T, S, K) so that it (the latter) almost broke. (T, S.) [See the part. n. below.]2 بَنَّىَ see 1, first sentence.4 ابناهُ He made him to build, frame, or construct, a house, or tent: (S:) or he gave him a building: or he gave him that wherewith to build a house: (M, K:) and ابناهُ بَيْتًا he gave him a house, or tent, to build or frame or construct. (T.) It is said in a prov., المِعْزَي تُبْهِى وَلَا تُبْنِى

[Goats rend, or make holes, and render vacant, and do not afford materials for fabricating tents]; i. e., they do not yield hair of which a tent is fabricated; (T, S; *) for the tents of the Arabs [of the desert] are of the kind called طِرَاف, made of skin, and أَخْبِيَة, made of wool or of camels' fur, and not of شَعَر [by which is especially meant goats' hair], (S,) or, as is found in the handwriting of Aboo-Sahl, of wool or of skin: (TA:) or the meaning is, goats rend tents, or pierce them with holes, by their leaping upon them, (T and S in art. بهو,) so that they cannot be inhabited, (S in that art.,) and do not aid in the fabrication of tents; for the goats of the Arabs of the desert have short hair, not long enough to be spun; whereas the goats of the cold countries, and of the people of the fertile regions, have abundant hair, and of this the Akrád [or Kurdees] fabricate their tents. (T.) b2: [Hence,] He introduced him to his wife [on the occasion of his marriage]: whence the saying of 'Alee, مَتَى تُبْنيِنِى, accord. to IAth properly meaning مَتَى تَجْعَلُنِى أَبْنِى بِزَوْجَتِى

[When wilt thou make me to have my wife conducted to me? or, to go in to my wife?]. (TA.) 5 تَبَنَّتْ, said of a woman sitting, (T, TA,) She became like a tent (T, IAth, K, * TA) of the kind called مِبْنَاةٌ, (T, TA,) i. e., a قُبَّة of skin; by reason of her fatness, (T, IAth, TA,) and largeness, (T, TA,) or fleshiness: (IAth, TA:) or she parted her legs; as though from مِبْنَاة, i. e. a قُبَّة of skin, which, when pitched, is spread out by the ropes: so this woman, sitting cross-legged, spread apart her legs. (T, TA.) And تبنّى, said of a camel's hump, It became fat. (M.) A2: تبنّاهُ He adopted him as a son: (S, K:) or he asserted him to be, or claimed him as, a son: (M:) and تبنّى بِهِ signifies the same. (Zj, TA.) 8 ابتنى: see 1, in three places.

A2: Also It became built, framed, or constructed. (Msb.) بِنْتٌ; pl. بَنَاتٌ: fem. of اِبْنٌ, which see, in three places.

بُنًى: see بِنَآءٌ.

بِنًى: see بِنَآءٌ.

بَنَاةُ اللَّحْمِ, (IB, TA,) the former of which words is incorrectly written in the K بنات, (TA,) A girl whose flesh has been made to grow and become large: (IB, K, TA: [in the CK, مَبْنِيَّةٌ is erroneously put for مَبْنِيَّتُهُ:]) or, accord. to a learned scholiast, this is a mistake of IB, and the meaning is sweet in odour; i. e. sweet in the odour of the flesh. (TA.) بَنَاتٌ: pl. of بِنْتٌ; and sometimes of اِبْنٌ: see اِبْنٌ.

بَنُونَ: pl. of اِبْنٌ, which see below.

بُنْيَةٌ: see بِنَآءٌ.

بِنْيَةٌ A form, mode, or manner, of building or framing or construction; a word like مِشْيَةٌ and رِكْبَةٌ. (T, TA.) [The form, or mode of formation, of a word.] Natural constitution: as in the phrase, فُلَانٌ صَحِيحُ البِنْيَةِ [Such a one is sound in natural constitution]. (S.) b2: See also بِنَآءٌ.

بِنْتِىٌّ: see what next follows.

بَنَوِىٌّ Of, or relating to, a son; rel. n. of اِبْنٌ; as also ↓ اِبْنِىٌّ [with ا when connected with a preceding word]: (S, Msb:) the latter is allowable, (Msb,) and used by some. (S.) And Of, or relating to, a daughter; rel. n. of بِنْتٌ; as also ↓ بِنْتِىٌّ: (S, M, Msb, K:) the latter accord. to Yoo; (S, M;) but rejected by Sb. (TA.) b2: Also Of, or relating to, what are termed بُنَيَّاتُ الطَّرِيقِ, i. e., the small roads that branch off from the main road. (S.) بُنْيَانٌ and بُنْيَانَةٌ: see what next follows.

بِنَآءٌ [originally an inf. n.: (see 1, first sentence:) then applied to A building; a structure; an edifice;] a thing that is built, or constructed; pl. أَبْنِيَةٌ, and pl. pl. أَبْنِيَاتٌ: (M, K:) and ↓ بُنْيَانٌ [also] has this meaning; (Msb;) [and is likewise originally an inf. n.;] or this signifies a wall; syn. حَائِطٌ; (S;) or it may be a pl., [or rather a coll. gen. n., meaning buildings, structures, edifices, or walls,] of which the sing. [or n. un.] is ↓ بُنْيَانَةٌ, and as such may be masc. and fem: (Er-Rághib, TA:) ↓ بِنْيَةٌ and ↓ بُنْيَةٌ also signify [the same as بِنَآءٌ as explained above; or] a thing that one has built, framed, or constructed; (M, K;) or, accord. to some, the former of these two relates to objects of the senses, and the latter to objects of the mind, to glory or honour or the like; (MF, TA;) and their pls. are ↓ بِنًى and ↓ بُنًى; (K;) or, accord. to the S and M, these two appear to be sings.; (TA;) [or they may be pls. or sings.; for J says that] البُنَى is like البِنَى; one says, بُنْيَةٌ and بُنًى, and بِنْيَةٌ and بِنًى; (S;) [and ISd says that] بِنْيَةٌ and بُنْيَةٌ signify as above, and so بِنًى and بُنًى; or, accord. to Aboo-Is-hák, بِنًى is pl. of بِنْيَةٌ; or it may be used by poetic licence for بِنَآءٌ: (M:) accord. to IAar, بِنًى signifies buildings, or structures, of clay: and also [tents] of wool; (T;) and بِنَآءٌ likewise signifies a tent (M, TA) in which the Arabs of the desert dwell, in the desert, (TA,) such as is called خِبَآء; (M, TA; *) and طِرَافٌ and قُبَّةٌ and مِضْرَبٌ are names applied to dwellings of the same kind; (TA;) pl. أَبْنِيَةٌ: (M:) the moveable dwelling, such as the خَيْمَة and مِظَلَّة and فُسْطَاط and سُرَادِق and the like, is called بِنَآءٌ as being likened to the building of burnt bricks and of clay and of gypsum. (M.) [See also بَنِيَّةٌ.]

b2: Also The roof, or ceiling, of a house or chamber or the like; as in the Kur [ii. 20], الَّذِى جَعَلَ لَكُمُ الأَرْضَ فِراشًا وَ السَّمَآءَ بِنَآءً [Who hath made for you the earth as a bed, and the heaven as a roof, or ceiling]: (S, [but wanting in some copies,] and Jel:) so says Az: (S:) or the meaning here is, as a tent (قُبَّة) pitched over you. (Bd.) b3: And The body, with the limbs or members. (TA.) b4: And i. q. نِطْعٌ [A thing that is spread on the ground to serve as a table for food &c., made of leather; like مِبْنَاةٌ]: occurring in a trad., where it is mentioned as spread on the ground, on a day of rain, for Mohammad to pray upon: so says Sh. (T.) بُنَىٌّ, [said to be] originally بُنَيْوٌ, A little son; [used as a term of endearment;] (Msb;) dim. of اِبْنٌ. (S, Mgh, Msb.) You say, يَا بُنَىِّ and يَا بُنَىَّ [O my little son, or O my child], with kesr to the ى and with fet-h also; like as you say, يَا أَبَتِ and يَا أَبَتَ [which see in art. ابو, voce أَبٌ]. (Fr, S, K.) [The fem. is بُنَيَّةٌ A little daughter; dim. of بِنْتٌ. And hence,] b2: بُنَيَّاتُ الطَّرِيقَ The small roads that branch off from the main road; (S;) what are termed التُّرَّهَاتُ. (S, K.) b3: The Arabs say, الرِّفْقُ بُنَىُّ الحِلْمِ, meaning الرفق is like الحلم. (IAar, ISd.) بُنُوَّةٌ Sonship: (Lth, Zj, S, M, Msb, K:) [it may be originally بُنُويَةٌ, for Az says, app. on the authority of Zj,] it is not a decisive proof that the last radical is و, since they say فُتُوَّةٌ, though the dual [of the word from which this is derived] is فَتَيَانِ; (T;) [and ISd says that] بُنُوَّةٌ is thus because of the dammeh. (M.) البَنِيَّةُ [properly The building, like البِنَآءُ &c.: but particularly applied to] the Kaabeh; (S, M, K;) because of its nobleness. (M, K.) One says, لَا وَرَبِّ هٰذِهِ البَنِيَّةِ مَا كَانَ كَذَا وَكَذَا [No, by the Lord of this building (the Kaabeh), such and such thing were not]: (S, TA:) and this was a common form of oath. (TA.) The Kaabeh is also called بَنِيَّةُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ [The building of Abraham]; because he built it. (TA.) بَنَّآءٌ A builder; [meaning one whose business is that of building;] an architect. (M.) [See also what next follows.]

بَانٍ [Building, framing, or constructing]: accord. to A'Obeyd, its pl. is أَبْنَآءٌ; and in like manner, أَجْنَآءٌ is pl. of جَانٍ: and hence the prov., أَبْنَاؤُهَا أَجْنَاؤُهَا, (M,) or أَجْنَاؤُهَا أَبْنَاؤُهَا, i. e. The injurers thereof, meaning this house (هٰذِهِ الدَّار), by demolishing it, are the builders thereof. (S in art. جنى.) ISd says, I am of opinion that these two pls. are not used except in this prov.: and J says, in art. جنى, I think that the prov. is originally جُنَاتُهَا بُنَاتُهَا; but IB affirms that it is not so: and he says that the prov. is applied to him who does, or makes, a thing without consideration, and commits a fault therein, which he repairs by undoing what he has done or made: it originated from the fact that the daughter of a certain king of El-Yemen, during his absence on a military expedition, built, by the advice of others, a house, which he, disliking it, commanded them to demolish. (TA in art. جنى. [See also Freytag's Arab. Prov. i. 294.]) b2: A bridegroom: from بَنَى عَلَى

أَهْلِهِ [q. v.]. (TA.) And hence, Any one going in to his wife. (S, TA.) b3: قَوْسٌ بَانِيةٌ A bow cleaving to its string (T, S, M, K) so that it (the latter) almost breaks; (T, S, M;) the doing of which is a fault; (M;) contr. of بَائِنَةٌ [q. v.]: (S and M in art. بين:) and so ↓ بَانَاةٌ (T, M, K) in the dial. of Teiyi: (T, M:) or the latter signifies widely separate from its string [like بَائِنَةٌ]. (TA.) بَانَاةٌ: see بَانٍ. b2: Also, (in [some of] the copies of the K erroneously written بانات, TA,) A man bending himself over his bow-string when shooting. (M, K.) b3: And Small نَبْل [or arrows]. (M and TA in art. بين.) بَانِيَةٌ fem. of بَانٍ [q. v.]. b2: Also sing. of بَوَانٍ, (TA,) which signifies The ribs of [the breast, or of the part thereof called] the زَوْر: (M, K:) or the bones of the breast: or the shoulder-blades and the four legs: (TA:) and the legs of a she-camel. (M, K.) One says, [likening a man to a camel lying down,] أَلْقَى بَوَانِيهُ, meaning He took up his abode, and settled, (T, M, K,) in a place; like أَلْقَى عَصَاهُ. (T, M.) أَلْقَى الشَّأْمُ بَوَانِيَهُ [meaning Syria became in a settled state] occurs in a trad. as related by A'Obeyd: and if he said بَوَائِنَهُ, it would be allowable; بَوَائِنُ being pl. of بوان, [i. e. بُوَانٌ or بِوَانٌ,] which is a name for any tent-pole except in the middle of the بَيْت, which has three poles. (T.) And it is said in another trad., أَلْقَتِ السَّمَآءُ بِرَكَ بَوَانِيهَا, meaning The sky cast down the rain that it contained. (TA.) اِبْنٌ, meaning A son; (M, Mgh, K;) because he is the father's building, made to be so by God; (Er-Rághib, TA;) and (tropical:) a son's son; and (tropical:) a descendant more remote; (Msb;) is with a conjunctive ا [when not immediately preceded by a quiescence, written ابْنٌ]; (Zj, T, M;) [and when immediately preceded by the proper name of a man and immediately followed by the proper name of his parent, written without the ا, as in زَيْدُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو Zeyd the son of 'Amr (in which case it should also be observed that the former proper name is without tenween); unless the words compose a proposition, as in زَيْدٌ ابْنُ عَمْرٍو Zeyd is the son of 'Amr; or in the case of an interrogation, as in هَلْ زَيْدٌ ابْنُ عَمْرٍو Is Zeyd the son of 'Amr?]: the pl. is ↓ بَنُونَ (T, S, Mgh, Msb) in the nom. case, and بَنِينَ in the accus. and gen.; (Mgh;) and أَبْنَآءٌ, (T, S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) which is a pl. of pauc.: (Msb:) [and hence it is argued that] the sing. is of the measure فَعَلٌ with the final radical letter elided and the conjunctive ا prefixed; (M;) originally بَنَىٌ, (M, K,) with ى, as we judge, because [the aor. ـَ is more common than يَبْنُو: (M:) or originally بَنَوٌ, (S, Msb, K,) with two fet-hahs, because it has بَنُونَ for a pl., and the perfect pl. does not admit of change [in its vowels beyond that which is here made in بَنُونَ for بَنَوُونَ]; (Msb;) and because it has for a pl. أَبْنَآءٌ, like as جَمَلٌ has أَجْمَالٌ; (S;) and the elided letter is و, (Akh, T, S,) as in أَبٌ and أَخٌ, (S,) because و is more commonly elided than ى; (Akh, T;) or because the fem. is بِنْتٌ and [that of أَخٌ is] أُخْتٌ; for we do not see this ه [or ت] affixed in the fem. except when و is elided in the masc., as is shown by أَخَوَاتٌ and هَنَوَاتٌ; (S;) though بُنُوَّةٌ is not a decisive proof that the last radical is و, for a reason stated above in the explanation of it: (T:) or, as some say, it is originally بِنْوٌ, with kesr to the. ب, like حِمْلٌ, because they say بِنْتٌ, and a change [of a vowel] in a case of this kind is rare: (Msb:) [but J says,] it may not be of the measure فِعْلٌ nor فُعْلٌ, because it has بَنُونَ with fet-h to the ب, for a pl.; nor of the measure فَعْلٌ, because this has [generally] for its [broken] pl. أَفْعُلٌ or فُعُولٌ: (S:) Zj says that it is originally بِنْىٌ or بِنْوٌ, or it may be originally بَنًا; that it is app. the last accord. to those who say بَنُون; and that أَبْنَآءٌ may be pl. of the measure فَعَلٌ and of فِعْلٌ; that بِنْتٌ favours its being of the latter; but that it may be of the measure فَعَلٌ changed to فِعْلٌ, as فَعَلٌ is changed to فُعْلٌ in the case of أُخْتٌ. (T.) Beside the pls. mentioned above, اِبْنٌ has a quasi-pl. n., namely ↓ أَبْنَى, of the same measure as أَعْمَى; (Mgh, TA; *) a sing. denoting the pl.: or, as some say, اِبْنٌ has for pls. أَبْنَآءٌ and أَبْنَى. (TA.) Lh mentions the phrase, هٰؤُلَآءِ أَبْنَا أَبْنَائِهِمْ [or أَبْنَى ابنائهم These are the sons of their sons.]. (M.) Sometimes م is affixed to اِبْنٌ [so that it becomes ↓ اِبْنُمٌ or اِبْنَمٌ at the beginning of a sentence, and ↓ ابْنُمٌ or ابُنَمٌ in other cases]: the word is then doubly declinable [like اِمْرُؤٌ or امْرُأٌ]: you say, هٰذَا ابْنُمٌ [This is a son], and رَأَيْتُ ابْنَمًا [I saw a son], and مَرَرْتُ بِابْنِمٍ

[I passed by a son]; making the ن similarly declinable to the م; and the ا is with kesr in every case [when the word commences a sentence, whether you make the word doubly declinable or not]: (AHeyth, * S:) [for] some make it singly declinable, leaving the ن with fet-h in every case [as the ر in اِمْرَأٌ or امْرَأٌ]; saying, هٰذَا ابْنَمُكَ [This is thy son], and رَأَيْتُ ابْنَمَكَ [I saw thy son], and مَرَرْتُ بِابْنَمِكَ [I passed by thy son]. (AHeyth, TA.) Hassán says, وَلَدْنَا بَنِى العَنْقَآءِ وَابْنَىْ مُحَرِّقٍ

↓ فَأَكْرِمْ بِنَا خَالًا وَأَكْرِمْ بِنَا ابْنَمَا [We begot the sons of El-'Ankà, and the two sons of Moharrik; and how generous are we as a maternal uncle! and how generous are we as a son!], (S, K, *) i. e., ابْنَا: the م is augmentative, and the hemzeh [or rather ا] is that of conjunction. (K.) And Ru-beh says, ↓ فَهْىَ تُنَادِى بِأَبِى وَابْنِيمَا بُكَآءَ شَكْلَى فَقَدَتْ حَمِيمَا [As the weeping of a bereft woman, who has lost a relation, therefore she calls out, With my father would I ransom thee, and a son]; meaning ابْنِمَا. (TA.) The fem. of اِبْنٌ is ↓ اِبْنَةٌ or ابْنَةٌ [with the conjunctive ا when not commencing a sentence] and ↓ بِنْتٌ [meaning A daughter; and (assumed tropical:) any female descendant]: (T, S, M, Mgh, Msb, K:) accord. to Sb, (M,) اِبْنَةٌ is formed from اِبْنٌ by affixing ه [or ة]; but not so بِنْتٌ; for this is formed by affixing ى as a letter of quasi-coordination, and then substituting for it ت: (M, K:) [but if the ت be substituted for ى, it seems more probable that the ى is the final radical:] or, as some say, the ت is substituted for و: (M:) [Mtr says,] the ت is substituted for the final radical: (Mgh:) accord. to Ks, it is originally with ه [or ة], because it has a fem. meaning: (IAar, Msb:) [my own opinion is most agreeable with this of Ks; and with that of Zj, which will be mentioned below; or, perhaps, is identical with that of Zj: I think it most probable that, as اِبْنٌ is generally held to be originally بَنَىٌ or بَنَوٌ, so اِبْنَةٌ and بِنْتٌ are both originally بَنَيَةٌ or بَنَوَةٌ, and that بِنْتٌ is formed from اِبْنَةٌ by suppressing the alif, transferring its kesreh to the ب, making the ن quiescent, and changing the ة into ت, which is therefore said to be not the sign of the fem. gender, either because it is not ة, but is a substitute for ة, or because it is preceded by a quiescent letter:] AHn says that the ت is substituted for the final radical letter, which is و; and that it is not the sign of the fem. gender, because the letter [next] before it is quiescent: this [he says] is the opinion of Sb, and is the right opinion; for he says that if you were to use it as the proper name of a man, you would make it perfectly decl.; and if the ت were to denote the fem. gender, the name would not be perfectly decl.: (TA:) and the same is said respecting the ت in أُخْتٌ: (TA in art. اخو:) this ت remains in a case of pause (Ks, IAar, S, Msb) as in the case of the connexion of the word with a word following: (S:) but one should not say اِبِنْتٌ, (Th, T, S.) because the ا is required only on account of the quiescence of the ب, and is therefore dropped when this is made movent: (S:) Zj says that, in forming the pl. of بِنْتٌ [and of اِبْنَةٌ], the sing. is reduced to its original form, which is فَعْلَةٌ [as I find it written in the transcript from the T in the TT, but it may be a mistake for فَعَلَپٌ,] with the last radical letter suppressed: (T in TT:) the pl. is بَنَاتٌ (T, S, Msb) alone: (S:) [and this is generally treated as a fem. pl. of the perfect, or sound, kind, although the ت in بِنْتٌ is said to be not a sign of the fem. gender; so that you say, رَأَيْتُ بَنَاتِكَ I saw thy daughters; but sometimes] one says, رَأَيْتُ بَنَاتَكَ, with fet-h [as the case-ending], treating the ت as a radical letter. (S.) It is said in the Bári' that when men and women are mixed together, the masc. pl. is made predominant; so that one says, بَنُو فُلَانٍ [meaning The sons and daughters, or the children, of such a one]; and even, اِمْرَأَةٌ مِنْ بَنى

تَمِيمٍ [A woman of the children of Temeem]; and accordingly, if بَنُو فُلَانٍ is applied to denote the persons to whom a legacy is left, the males and the females are included therein. (Msb.) b2: When اِبْن is applied to that which is not a human being, (IAmb, Msb,) to an irrational being, (Msb,) it has for its pl. بَنَات: (IAmb, Msb:) thus the pl. of اِبْنُ مَخَاضٍ [A young male camel in his second year] is بَنَاتُ مَخَاضٍ: (Mgh, Msb:) that of اِبْنُ لَبُونٍ [A male camel that has entered upon his third year] is بَنَاتُ لَبُونٍ: (Msb:) and that of اِبْنُ نَعْشٍ [Any one of the stars of the tail of Ursa Major or of that of Ursa Minor] is بَنَاتُ نَعْشٍ; but sometimes, by poetic licence, بَنُو نَعْشٍ: and hence, or to make a distinction between the males and the females, the lawyers say, بَنُو اللَّبُونِ. (IAmb, Msb.) b3: ↓ بَنَاتٌ also signifies (tropical:) Dolls with which young girls play: (S, Mgh, K:) sing. بِنْتٌ. (Mgh.) It occurs in this sense in a trad., in which 'Áïsheh speaks of her playing therewith (S, Mgh) when, being nine years of age, she was conducted as a bride to Mohammad. (Mgh.) b4: اِبْن is often prefixed to some other noun (T, M, Msb) that particularizes its signification, because of a close connexion between the two meanings: (Msb:) and so is ↓ بِنْت. (T, M.) [Most of the compounds thus formed will be found explained in the arts. to which belong the nouns that occupy the second place. The following are among the more common, and are therefore here mentioned, as exs. of different kinds.] b5: اِبْنُ الطِّينِ [The son of earth, or clay, meaning] Adam. (T.) اِبْنُ اللَّيْلِ and اِبْنُ الطَّرِيقِ The thief, or robber. (T.) Also the former, The wayfarer, or traveller; (Er-Rághib, TA;) and so اِبْنُ السَّبِيلِ. (Msb, Er-Rághib.) اِبْنُ حَرْبٍ A warrior: (Er-Rághib, TA:) and اِبْنُ الحَرْبِ [the warrior; or] he who suffices for war, and who defends. (Msb.) اِبْنُ الدُّنْيَا The rich man. (Msb.) b2: اِبْنُ آوَى [The jackal;] a certain beast of prey. (TA.) اِبْنُ عِرْسٍ

The سُرْعُوب [or weasel]. (TA.) b3: اِبْنُ أَدِيمٍ A skin for water or milk made of one hide; and اِبْنُ أَدِيمَيْنِ one made of two hides; and اِبْنُ ثَلَاثَهِ

آدِمَةٍ one made of three hides. (T.) b4: اِبْنَةُ الجَبَلِ The echo. (T.) b5: بَنَاتُ بِئْسٍ and بَنَاتُ طَبَقٍ and بَنَاتُ بَرْحٍ and بَنَاتُ أَوْدَكَ Calamities, or misfortunes. (T.) b6: Ru-beh said of a man who was mentioned to him, كَانَ إِحْدَى بَنَاتِ مَسَاجِدِ اللّٰهِ; as though he asserted that He was one of the pebbles of the mosque [or rather of the mosques of God]. (S.) اِبْنَةٌ or ابْنَةٌ: fem. of اِبْنٌ, which see.

اِبْنُمٌ and اِبْنَمٌ, or ابْنُمٌ and ابْنَمٌ: see اِبْنٌ, in three places.

أَبْنَى: quasi-pl. n. of اِبْنٌ which see.

اِبْنَىٌّ: see بَنَوِىٌّ.

ابْنِيمَا, for ابْنِمَا: see a verse cited voce اِبْنٌ.

أُبَيْنٌ [an unused, or unusual, dim. of اِبْنٌ]: see what next follows.

أُبَيْنٍ, of the same measure as أُعَيْمٍ, is the dim. of أَبْنَى, which is like أَعْمَى, (Sb, IB, Mgh,) and is quasi-pl. of اِبْنٌ. (Mgh.) Mohammad is related, in a trad., to have said, أُبَيْنِى لَا تَرْمُوا جَمْرَةَ العَبَقَبِةِ حَتَّى تَطْلُعَ الشَّمْسُ [O little (meaning dear) sons, cast not ye the pebble of the 'Akabeh (see جَمْرَةٌ) until the sun rise], (TA,) or أُبَيْنِىَّ الخ [O my little sons &c.]: (Mgh, TA:) IAth says that the hemzeh is augmentative; and that there are differences of opinion respecting the form of the word and its meaning: some say that it is the dim. of أَبْنَى, like أَعْمَى, a sing. word denoting a pl. meaning, or, accord. to some, a pl. of اِبْنٌ, as well as أَبْنَآءٌ: some say that it is the dim. of اِبْنٌ; [and if so, we must read أُبَيْنِى my little son;] but this requires consideration [more especially as it is followed by a pl. verb]: AO says that it is the dim. of بَنِىَّ, pl. of اِبْنٌ with the affixed pronoun of the first Pers\. [sing.]; and this requires us to read أُبَيْنِىَّ. (TA.) J says, in the S, that the dim. of أَبْنَآءٌ [pl. of اِبْنٌ] is ↓ أُبَيْنَآءٌ, and, if you will, ↓ أُبَيْنُونَ; and he cites a verse in which occurs the expression أُبَيْنِيكَ, [in the gen. case, meaning thy little sons,] and adds, it is as though its sing. were إِبْنٌ, with the disjunctive ا, whence the dim. ↓ أُبَيْنٌ, in the pl. أُبَيْنُونَ: but he should have said, as though its sing. were أَبْنَى, like أَعْمَى, originally أَبْنَوُ. (IB, TA.) أُبَيْنَآء: see what next precedes.

أُبَيْنُونَ: see what next precedes.

مِبْنَاةٌ (T, S, M, K) and مَبْنَاةٌ (M, K) A نِطْع [like بِنَآءٌ, which see for an explanation]: (S, M, K:) and a سِتْر [i. e. curtain or the like]: (K:) or a thing in the form of a سِتْر: (M:) or a [tent of the kind called] قُبَّة, made of skins, or hides: (IAar, T:) or a thing of skins, or hides, of like form to the قُبَّة, which a woman places in, or at, the side of her tent (فِى كِسْرِ بَيْتِهَا), and in which she dwells; and may-be she has sheep, or goats, and is content with the possession of these, exclusively of the other sheep, or goats, for herself and her garments [and app. for making of their skins her مبناه]; and she has a covering (إِزَار) [extended] in the middle of the بَيْت [or tent], within, to protect her from the heat, and from the violent rain, so that she and her clothes are not wetted: (Aboo-'Adnán, T:) or, accord. to As, a mat (حَصِيرٌ), or a نِطْع, which the trafficker spreads upon the things that he sells: and they used to put the mats (الحُصُر) upon the أَنْطَاع [pl. of نِطْع], and go round about with them [in the market]: the مبناة is thus called because it is made of skins joined together: (T:) also a receptacle of the kind called عَيْبَة: (M, K:) such is said to be its meaning: (S:) pl. مَبَانٍ. (T.) مَبْنِىٌّ [Built, &c.: see 1]. أَرْضٌ مَبْنِيَّةٌ meansأَرْضٌ مَبْنِىٌّ فِيهَا [Land built in or upon]; and is deemed a chaste phrase. (Mgh.) مُبَنًّى Raised high; applied to a palace, or pavilion. (M, TA.) مُبْتَنًى [pass. part. n. of اِبْتَنَاهُ] is used in the place of the inf. n. [of that verb, agreeably with many other instances, or accord. to a common licence], meaning The act of building, framing, or constructing. (TA.)

خنز

1 خَنِزَ, aor. ـَ (S, A, * Msb, K;) and خَنَزَ, aor. ـُ (Msb;) inf. n. of the former, خَنَزٌ, (S, Msb, K,) and of the former also, (K,) or of the latter, (Msb,) خُنُوزٌ; (Msb, K;) It (flesh-meat, S, A, Msb, K, and a date, and a walnut, TA) became stinking: (S, A, K:) or altered [in odour] : (Msb:) or maggotty and stinking: (TA:) like خَزِنَ. (S.) خَنَزٌ: see what next follows.

خَنِزٌ, applied to flesh-meat, (Msb, K,) and to a date, and a walnut, (TA,) Stinking: (K:) or altered [in odour]: (Msb:) or maggotty and stinking: (TA:) as also ↓ خَنَزٌ. (Yaakoob, K.) خُنْزُوَةٌ: see what next follows.

خُنْزُوَانٌ: see what next follows.

خُنْزُوَانَةٌ Pride; self-magnification; (S, A, K;) as also ↓ خُنْزُوَانٌ, and ↓ خُنْزُوَانِيَّة, and ↓ خُنْزُوَةٌ: (K:) so called because it changes one from the right state: (TA:) pl. of the first, خُنْزُوَانَاتٌ. (S.) You say, هُوَ ذُو خُنْزُوَانَاتٌ [He possesses proud feelings]. (S.) And فِيهِ خُنْزُوَانَةٌ In him is pride. (A.) And لَأَنْزَعَنَّ خُنْزُوَانَتَكَ [I will assuredly pluck out thy pride]. (TA.) خُنْزُوَانِيَّةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

خَنَازِ Stinking: (K:) used as a proper name, (TA,) applied to a woman: (K, TA:) from خَنِزَ said of flesh-meat. (TA.)

زور: زار: حج، قضى فريضة الحج (بوشر، همبرت ص152).
زار: أهدي، أعطى هدية (ميهرن ص28).
زَوِر: امتلأ بالطعام وغص (بوشر).
زَوَّر (بالتشديد): لفَّق، حرّف، قلّد (بوشر)، غيرّ بدّل (هلو). وكتاب مُزوّر عن لسان أحد أي كتاب ملفق مقلد (بوشر). وفي حيّان - بسّام (3: 140و): تلك الكتب المزوّرة أي المقلدة الملفقة.
زَوّر شهادته: أعلن أنها شهادة زور أي باطلة.
وزوّر شهادته: شهد بما لا يعلمه أو بخلاف ما يعلمه (محيط المحيط).
زوَّر: اضطر، أجبر (هلو).
زاوره: ضاجره وناكده (محيط المحيط).
ازور: انحرف عن وجهته، ففي ألف ليلة (1: 203): فأخذت زوجتي قطعة سمك ولقمة فدستها في حنكه فازور بعضه في حنكه فمات لوقته.
زَوْر: حلقوم، حنجرة (بوشر).
زُور: تقليد، تلفيق بالكتابة (هلو).
بالزور: افتراءً، بهتاناً، زوراً (بوشر).
حلف بالزور: حلف باطلاً (بوشر).
زُور: قهر، غصب، اقتسار (هلو).
بالزور: بقوة، بقسر (دلابورت ص138، دوماس حياة العرب ص359).
زور: هذه الكلمة ليست واضحة المعنى لدي وقد وردت في الفخري (ص284) ففيه: وقد رفض الوزير ابن خاقان أن يقبل هدية من المال والقماش قدمها إليه سلطان مصر ((وأمر بالمال فحمل إلى خزانة الديوان وصحح بها وأخذ به زوراً لصاحب مصر)).
زَوْرِيّ: حَلْقي (بوشر).
زُورِي: شهادة زور (أبو الوليد ص350).
زيارة: حج (بوشر، همبرت ص152، ابن خلكان 1: 481) مثل زيارة النصارى لبيت المقدس (ابن خلدون طبعة نورنبرج ص34) وخاصة زيارة المسلمين لقبر الرسول (صلى الله عليه وسلم) في المدينة (برتون 1: 293، كرتاس ص77، تاريخ البربر 1: 16، المقدمة 3: 408).
وفي أيام الموحدين كانت الزيارة هي الحج إلى قبر المهدي في تينملل، ففي كتاب ابن صاحب الصلاة (ص38 و. ق): وأخذ في الحركة إلى الزيارة، ذكر حركة أمير المؤمنين رضي الله عنه من مراكش إلى زيارة قبر المهدي رضي الله عنه بتينملل.
زيارة: هدايا تقدم إلى قبر الولي أو إلى زاوية أو إلى ناسك (دوماس صحارى ص233، دوماس قبيل ص66، وعادات ص 212، 328، كاريت قبيل 1: 230، جاكو ص295، مجلة الشرق والجزائر السلسلة الجديدة 12: 398).
عيد الزيارة: عيد زيارة القديسة العذراء للقديسة اليزابث (اليصابات) (بوشر).
زائر: من يقصدون الخليفة لاستلام الهدايا أو يسألون إحساناً وقد أطلق عليهم اسم سُؤَّال ولما كانت هذه الكلمة تعني المكدين فقد غيرها خالد البرمكي بزُوَّار (الفخري ص185).
زائر: حاج (بوشر، همبرت ص152) وتطلق خاصة على من يقصد زيارة قبر الرسول (صلى الله عليه وسلم) في المدينة (برتون 1: 293).
تزوير: تقليد (بوشر).
مَزَار، وتجمع على مزارات: مكان الزيارة (بوشر، ابن بطوطة 1: 74، 3: 62،، 86، 156 الخ، تاريخ البربر 1: 186). وفي العبدري (ص6 و): وبه مزارة (مزارات) كثيرة.
مزار عند البياضية (الأباضية) في عمان: مثل المسجد عند باقي المسلمين، وغالباً ما يدفن فيه الأولياء حيث تحترم ذكراهم (بلجراف 2: 262).
مُزوَّر ومُزَوَّرة وجمعها مزاوِر ومُزَوَّرات: طعام لا لحم فيه يتخذ من البقول فقط، وكذلك المسكر من الأشربة الحلوة. ففي معجم المنصوري: مُزَوَّرات هو ما يستعمله من يشرب المسكر من الأشربة الحلوة إذا جالس الشرب وهو من التزوير وهو ... الكَذِب والزُور هو الكذب، وكذلك المزورات من الطبيخ هي ألوان تتخذ من الحبوب ومن البقول بغير لحم (وفي المخطوطة بياض).
وفي بيت للشاعر الفارسي خاقاني في الجريدة الآسيوية (1865، 1: 360) يفسره بقوله: جون ديد حرار ثم بدل در ... كُفتا كه زاشك كن مزوّر
وقد ترجمه السيد خانيكوف إلى الفرنسية بما معناه: ((وقد رأيت إن الحرارة تحرق قلبي فقال (الطبيب) لي حضر شراب التيزان والدموع)).
وفي التعليقات على التحفة بخط المؤلف نجد: مزور ومزورة بالتشديد طعام بي كُوشت كه از كشنيز وأمثال آن درآن كنُد ونجور وبيمار وهند، أي طعام يحضر بلا لحم وتجعل فيه كزبرة أو عقار من هذا القبيل، ويقدم للمرضى.
وفي محيط المحيط: والمزوَّرة عند الأطباء كل غذاء دبر للمريض بدون اللحم، وقد يتوسع فيها فتطلق على ما يلقى فيها اللحم أيضاً. وفي ابن البيطار (1: 35): وإذا اتخذ منه مزورة نفعت من الحمى الحادة. وفي تذكرة الأنطاكي: (اطراية) والشعيرية في مزاور المرضى (ابن خلكان 9: 145).
ومزورة (في الجزائر): ضرب من البرغل الدقيق يتخذ من الدقيق الناعم وأصبح كالحب الدقيق (دي سلان ترجمة ابن خلكان 3: 667 رقم 21).
ومزورة في الشام طعام من اللوز المدقوق أو الماش يطبخ حتى يروب كالعصيدة (محيط المحيط).
مُزَوِّر: من يرشد زائر قبر الرسول (صلى الله عليه وسلم) (بركهارت بلاد العرب 2: 138، برتون 1: 393).
مُزُورَة: مؤثث، مفروش، مجهز.
مِزْوَرة: مرتبة المِزْوَر (انظر مزور)، رئيس. ففي مخطوطة كوبنهاجن المجهولة الهوية (ص107): ثم نقل إلى مزورة العصر (الغُزّ) ثم نقل إلى الوزارة.
مُزوَّرَة: انظر مُزَوَّر.
مَزْوار وتجمع على مزاورون، ومَزَاور، ومزاورة: هي اللفظة بربرية امزوار التي تعني أول التي حذف منها الألف وهي علامة الفرد المذكر بروسلارد في الجريدة الآسيوية (1851، 1: 84)، وقد ترجمت كلمة أول في معجم البربر بكلمة دَمَزْوار، وتستعمل كلمة مزوار بمعنى رئيس وهي بمعنى كلمة شيخ عند العرب. وقد ترجمها فوك بكلمة Pretalus، وفيه أيضاً مزوار عشرة أي رئيس وقائد عشرة رجال.
وفي الحلل (ص89 و): وأما سائر المشايخ والمزاورة. ومزوار الأطباء: رئيس أطباء البلاط (رينان ابن رشد ص452) وهذا صواب قراءتها بدل للأطباء.
ومزوار الطلبة (رينان ابن رشد ص452، مخطوطة كوبنهاجن المجهولة الهوية ص115) وهي مرادفة شيخ الطلبة في كتاب ابن صاحب الصلاة (ص3 و).
ويسمى شيخ القبيلة مزوار أيضاً (تاريخ البربر 1: 480) وفي مخطوطتنا (رقم 1351) ويسمى بدل وتسمى. وفي ترجمة دي سلان (3: 418) ويسمى أيضاً.
وقد قسمت مقاطعة درعا إلى حكومتين على رأس كل حكومة منها مزوار وكان في الحقيقة سيداً مستقلاً (مارمول 3: 5).
وكان بعض الأشخاص الذين هم أقل منزلة يطلق عليهم اسم مزوار كالمهندس مثلاً (كرتاس ص281) ورئيس البنائين، معمار، غير أنه في بلاطات إفريقية وبلاط بني الأحمر في غرناطة يطلق اسم مزوار على رئيس الشرطة الجندار خاصة وكان هذا حاجباً وخادم الأمير والجلاد، ورئيس الشرطة هذا ورئيس الحجاب يحفظ باب السلطان ويمنع العامة من الدخول، ويدخل عليه الزائرين، ويراعى المراسيم المتبعة في الاجتماعات مع السلطان، ويتولى حراسة السجون، وحراسة من أمر السلطان بتوقيفهم، ويقوم بقتلهم بأمره، وكان يقسم بين يديه قسم الإخلاص للسلطان الجديد (انظر المقدمة 2: 14، تاريخ البربر 1: 518، 2: 373، وترجمة دي سلان لتاريخ البربر 2: 435، أبو حمو ص81) وبالجملة فقد كان يتولى وزارة مصغرة (ابن خلدون).
وفي غرناطة كان السلاطين يولون عادة في هذه الوظيفة عبداً معتقاً (كما أخبرنا هرناندو دي تيزا) (عند ملّر آخر أيام غرناطة) وكان هذا ممن لا أهل له ولذلك فهو شديد الإخلاص للسلطان.
وكانت للمزوار مكانة كبيرة في المجتمع، وفي أيام ليون الأفريقي ومارمول كان ذو المرتبة الأولى في تونس المُنَفِّذ، والمرتبة الثانية للمزوار وكان هذا قائد الجيش، انظر ليون (ص565) ومارمول (2: 244).
وفي فاس كان المزوار مساعداً للوزير وغالباً ما يكون قائد الجيش (مارمول 2: 99).
وفي تلمسان كان المزوار الشخصية الأولى في الدولة بعد السلطان.
وفي أيام حكم بني زيّان كان لهم وزيران وقائد للجيش وهو صاحب السيف وكاتب ثم جمعوا كل ذلك لوزير واحد أطلقوا عليه اسم المزوار في أواخر حكمهم (برجس ص364) وكان هذا فيما يقول مارمول (2: 177) نائب الملك.
والمزوار باعتباره قائد الجيش كان يقرر رواتب الجيش وتجنيدهم وتسريحهم حسب حاجة الوقت، ويعين موظفي البلاط، وكان له في كل شيء نفس سلطة الملك.
وفي أيامنا هذه نجد المزوار مثل الوزير في توجرت (براكس مجلة الشرق والجزائر 5: 74) غير أنه في أماكن أخرى كان رئيس الشرطة. وهكذا نجد اسم مزوار العدوتين أي رئيس الشرطة في محلتي مدينة فاس (الجريدة الآسيوية 1844، 1: 402).
وفي الجزائر كان أيضاً مزوار يتمتع بكل هذه الصفات، ويخبرنا لوجيه الذي يتحدث عنه (ص243 - 244): أنه كان له السلطة العليا على مومسات البلد، وعليهن أن يدفعن له ضريبة مقدارها ألفي قرش يقدمها للواي، وهو يمسكهن في منزله ويقسمهن إلى طبقات. ويؤجرهن للمسلمين الذي عليهم إعادتهن عند انتهاء مدة الإيجار إلا إذا جدده لهم، انظر أيضاً (هيدو ص45، لامبرشت ص44، ص55، دان ص27، 102، 334، 338، فاخريشتن 1: 636، 3: 49، روزيه 3: 111، 114 - 116، 335، راموز ص192) وقارن مزوار مع مرينهور عند البرتغاليين مع ما يذكر تيفنو عنه (1: 554) في تونس، ومع سوباشي عند الأتراك.
ولا يزال المزوار في الجزائر حتى أيام الاحتلال الفرنسي الذي احتفظ به بعض الوقت (أهل الجزائر في أيامنا اترخت 1836 ص95).
مزوار: مركبة حديدية للتنكيل والتعذيب (بوشر).

زور

1 زَارَهُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. زِيَارَةٌ (S, A, Msb, K) and زَوْرٌ (S, A, K) and مَزَارٌ (S, Msb, K) and زُوَارَةٌ (Ks, S) or زُوَارٌ; (K;) and ↓ ازدارهُ, (S, A, TA,) of the measure اِفْتَعَلَ from الزِّيَارَةُ, (S, TA,) is syn. with زَارَهُ; (A, TA;) [He visited him: lit.] he met him with his زَوْر [i. e. chest, or bosom]: or he repaired to his زَوْر, i. e. direction: (B, TA:) [or] he inclined towards him: (TA:) [see also زَوِرَ:] or he repaired to him: (A:) or he repaired to him from a desire to see him. (Msb.) b2: [Hence,] زَارَ شَعُوبَ (tropical:) [lit., He visited death; i. e., he died]. (TA.) [See 4.]

A2: زَارَهُ, (K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. زِوَارٌ, (TA,) He bound upon him (namely a camel) the rope called زِوَار, q. v. (K.) A3: زَوِرَ, aor. ـْ inf. n. زَوَرٌ, He, or it, inclined. (TA.) [App. always used in a proper, not a tropical, sense. See زَوَرٌ below.] b2: He had the kind of distortion termed زَوَرٌ [which see, below]. (TA.) 2 زوّرهُ, (A, K,) inf. n. تَزْوِيرٌ, (S,) He honoured him; namely, a visiter; treated him with honour, or hospitality; (S, A, K;) made account of his visit; (A;) treated him well, and acknowledged his right as a visiter; (TA;) slaughtered for him, and treated him with honour or hospitality. (Az.) A2: زوّر الشَّهَادَةَ He annulled the testimony; (K, TA;) impugned and annulled it. (TA.) b2: El-Kattál says, وَنَحْنُ أُنَاسٌ عُودُنَا عُودُ نَبْعَةٍ

صَلِيبٌ وَفينَا قَسْوَةٌ لَا تُزَوَّرُ [And we are men whose wood of which our bows are made is hard wood of a neb'ah, and in us is hardiness not to be impugned and denied]: Aboo-'Adnán says, [perhaps reading نُزَوَّرُ, which may be the correct reading,] that he means, we are not to be calumniated, because of our hardness, or hardiness, nor to be held weak. (TA.) b3: زوّر نَفْسَهُ He stigmatized himself by the imputation of falsehood. (K.) [See also other explanations, below.] b4: زوّر كَلَامَهُ (assumed tropical:) He falsified his speech; he embellished his speech with lies; syn. زَخْرَفَهُ. (Msb.) [See also below.] b5: زوّر الكَذِبَ, (K,) inf. n. تَزْوِيرٌ, (S,) (tropical:) He embellished the lie. (S, K, TA.) b6: زوّر شَيْئًا (tropical:) He removed, or did away with, the obliquity of a thing; (TA;) he rectified, adjusted, or corrected, it; (IAar, S, Msb, K;) whether good or evil; (IAar, Msb;) he beautified, or embellished, it. (Az, S, K.) b7: زوّر كَلَامًا (tropical:) He made speech right and sound, (As,) prepared it, (As, Msb,) and measured it, (As,) فِى نَفْسِهِ in his mind, (Msb,) before he uttered it: (As:) he rectified, adjusted, or corrected, it; and beautified, or embellished, it; as also ↓ تزوّرهُ, occurring in a verse of Nasr. Ibn-Seiyár. (TA.) And [in like manner] زوّر الحَدِيثَ (tropical:) He rectified, or corrected, the story, narrative, or tradition, removing, or doing away with, its obliquity: and ↓ تزوّرهُ he did so (زِوّرهُ) to himself. (A.) b8: رَحِمَ اللّٰهُ امْرَأً زَوَّرَ نَفْسَهُ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ, a saying of El-Hajjáj, May God have mercy upon a man who rectifies, or corrects, himself, against himself: (S, * TA:) or, as some say, who stigmatizes himself by the charge of falsehood against himself: or who accuses himself against himself: like as you say, أَنَا أُزَوِّرُكَ عَلَى نَفْسِكَ I accuse thee [of wrong] against thyself. (TA.) A3: تَزْوِيرٌ is also syn. with تَشْبِيهٌ [The likening a thing to another thing; &c.]. (TA.) A4: زوّر said of a bird, inf. n. as above, His crop (حَوْصَلَتُهُ) became high: (Az, TA:) or became full. (TA.) 4 ازارهُ He incited him, or made him, to visit. (S, K.) You say أَزَرْتُهُ غَيْرِى I made him, or caused him, to visit another, not myself. (A.) b2: أَزَرْتُهُ شَعُوبَ (tropical:) I made him to visit death; [i. e., I killed him.] (TA.) [See 1.] b3: أَنَا أُزِيرُكُمْ ثَنَائِى (tropical:) [I will introduce you, or your name, in my eulogy; meaning I will praise you]. (A.) and أَزَرْتُكُمْ قَصَائِدِى (tropical:) [I have introduced you, or the mention of you, in my odes]. (A.) 5 تزوّر He said what was false; spoke falsely. (A.) A2: See also 2, in two places.6 تزاوروا They visited one another. (S, A, K.) You say, بَيْنَهُمْ تَزَاوُرٌ Between them is mutual visiting. (A.) b2: See also 9, in two places.8 اِزْدَارَ: see 1.

A2: Also, accord. to Aboo-'Amr El-Mutarriz, He swallowed a morsel, or mouthful; like اِزْدَرَدَ. (TA in art. زرد.) 9 ازورّ عَنْهُ, (S, A, Msb, K,) inf. n. اِزْوِرَارٌ; (S, A;) and ↓ ازوارّ, (S, A, K,) inf. n. اِزْوِيرَارٌ; (S;) and ↓ تزاور; (S, A, Msb, K;) He declined, or turned aside, from it. (S, A, * Msb, K.) ↓ تَزَّاوَرُ, in the Kur xviii. 16, is a contraction تَتَزَاوَرُ: (S;) تَزْوَرُّ is another reading. (TA.) b2: فِى صَدْرِهِ ازْوِرَارٌ In his breast, or chest, is crookedness, curving, or distortion. (A.) 10 استزارهُ He asked him to visit him. (S, A, * K.) 11 إِزْوَاْرَّ see 9.

زَارٌ: see زَارَةٌ.

زَوْرٌ: see زَائِرٌ, in three places. b2: Also A camel having the hump inclining. (TA.) b3: And, with ة, A she-camel that looks from the outer angle of her eye, by reason of her vehemence and sharpness of temper: (K, * TA: [see زَوْرَةٌ below: and see also أَزْوَرُ:]) and a strong and thick she-camel. (TA.) b4: And فَلَاةٌ زَوْرَةٌ A desert not of moderate extent, or not easy to traverse. (TA.) A2: The direction of a person to whom one repairs. (B.) b2: The breast, or chest: (TA:) or its upper, or uppermost, part: (S, A, Mgh:) in a horse, narrowness in this part is approved, and width in the لَبَان; as the poet 'Abd-Allah Ibn-Suleymeh says, making a distinction between these two parts: (S:) or its middle: or the elevated part of it, to the shoulder-blades: or the part where the extremities of the breast-bones meet together: (K:) or the whole of the breast of the camel: pl. أَزْوَارٌ. (TA.) Hence, بَنَاتُ الزَّوْرِ The ribs and other parts around the breast. (TA.) [Hence also, app. from the action of the camel when he lies down,] أَلْقَى زَوْرَهُ (tropical:) [lit. He threw his breast upon the ground;] he remained, stayed, or abode. (A.) b3: The lord, or chief, of a people; (K, * TA;) as also ↓ زُورٌ (Sh, K) and ↓ زُوَيْرٌ (IAar, S, K) and ↓ زَوِيرٌ (TA, as from the K, [in a copy of which SM appears to have found كَالزَّوِيرِ وَالزُّوَيْرِ كَزُبَيْرٍ وَخِدَبٍّ, instead of كَالزُّوَيْرِ وَالزِّوَرِّ الخ,]) and ↓ زِوَرٌّ. (K, TA.) A3: Determination: (T, M:) or strength of determination. (K.) b2: See also زُورٌ

A4: A palm-branch, or straight and slender palm-branch, from which the leaves have been stripped off: (Sgh, K, TA:) of the dial. of El-Yemen. (Sgh, TA.) A5: Stone which appears to a person digging a well, and which, being unable to break it, he leaves apparent: (K:) or, as some say, a mass of rock, in an absolute sense. (TA.) زُورٌ A lie; a falsehood; an untruth: (S, Msb, K:) because it is a saying deviating from the truth. (TA.) So in the Kur xxii. 31: and so it is expl. in the trad., المُتَشَبِّعُ بِمَا لَمْ يُعْطَ كَلَابِسِ ثَوْبَىْ زُورٍ [He who boasts of abundance which he has not received is like the wearer of two garments of falsity]. (TA. [See art. شبع.]) So, too, in the Kur [xxv. 72], وَالَّذِينَ لَا يَشْهَدُونَ الزُّورَ And those who do not bear false witness. (Bd, Msb.) [But there are other explanations of these words of the Kur, which see below.] b2: What is false, or vain: (K:) or false witness: and a thing for which one is suspected, syn. تُهَمَةٌ. (TA.) b3: (tropical:) Anything that is taken as a lord in the place of God; (S;) a thing, (K,) or anything, (AO, A,) that is worshipped in the place of God; (AO, A, K;) as also زُونٌ, with ن: or a particular idol which was adorned with jewels, in the country of Ed-Dádar (الدَّادَر [a name I nowhere find]). (TA.) b4: See also زَوْرٌ. b5: (assumed tropical:) The association of another, or others, with God: (Zj, K:) so explained by Zj, in the Kur xxv. 72, quoted above: and so the phrase شَهَادَةُ الزُّورِ, occurring in a trad. (TA.) b6: (assumed tropical:) [A place or] places in which lies are told: and the words in the Kur xxv. 72, quoted above, may mean, And those who are not present in places where lies are told: because the witnessing of what is false is participating therein: (Bd:) or the meaning here is the places where the Christians sit and converse: (Zj:) or where the Jews and Christians sit and converse: (TA, as from the K:) or the festivals of the Jews and Christians: (so in the CK and in a MS. copy of the K:) or (so in the TA, but in the K “ and ”) a place, (K,) or places, (Zj,) where persons sit, and hear singing: (Zj, K:) or places where persons sit, and entertain themselves by frivolous or vain diversion: (Th:) but ISd says, I know not how this is, unless he mean the assemblies of polytheism, which includes the festivals of the Christians, and other festivals. (TA.) A2: Judgment: (K:) or judgment to which recourse may be had: (S:) or strength of judgment. (A.) [See also زَوْرٌ.] You say, مَا لَهُ زُورٌ وَلَا ضَيُّورٌ He has no judgment to which recourse may be had: (S:) or no strength of judgment: (A:) or no judgment, nor understanding or intellect or intelligence, to which recourse may be had: (TA:) for زُورٌ also signifies understanding, intellect, or intelligence; (Yaakoob, K;) and so ↓ زَوْرٌ: (A'Obeyd, K:) but A 'Obeyd thinks it a mistranscription, for لَا زَبْرَ. (TA.) b2: Strength: in which sense the word is an instance of agreement between the Arabic and Persian languages: (AO, K:) or it is arabicized: (Sb:) but the Persian word is with the inclined, not the pure, dammeh. (TA.) You say لَيْسَ لَهُمْ زُورٌ They have not strength. (TA.) And حَبْلٌ لَهُ زُورٌ A rope having strength. (TA.) b3: Deliciousness, and sweetness, or pleasantness, of food. (K.) b4: and Softness, and cleanness, of a garment, or piece of cloth. (K.) زَوَرٌ inf. n. of زَوِرَ. (TA.) b2: Inclination; (S, Msb, K;) such as is termed صَعَرٌ; (S;) crookedness; wryness; distortion. (A.) b3: Distortion of the زَوْر, (Mgh, K,) which is the upper, or uppermost, part of the breast, (Mgh,) or the middle of the breast [&c.]: (TA:) or the prominence of one of its two sides above the other: (K:) in a horse, the prominence of one of the two portions of flesh in the breast, on the right and left thereof, and the depression of the other: (S:) in others than dogs, it is said by some to signify inclination [or distortion] of a thing or part which is not of a regular square form; such as the كِرْكِرَة and the لِبْدَة. (TA.) زِيرٌ, (S, K, &c.,) originally with و, written by the Sheykh-el-Islám Zekereeyà, in his commentaries on Bd, with hemz, contr. to the leading lexicologists; (TA;) or زيرُ نِسَآءٍ; A visiter of women: (Az, TA in art. تبع:) a man who loves to discourse with women, and to sit with them, (S, K,) and to mix with them: (TA:) so called because of his frequent visits to them: or who mixes with them in vain things: or who mixes with them and desires to discourse with them: (TA:) without evil, or with it: (K:) and a woman is termed زِيرٌ also: (K:) you say اِمْرَأَةٌ زِيرُ رِجَالٍ: (Ks:) but this usage is rare: (TA:) or it is applied to a man only: (K:) a woman of this description is termed مَرْيَمٌ: (TA:) pl. [of pauc.] أَزْوَارٌ and أَزْيَارٌ, (K,) the latter like أَعْيَادٌ pl. of عِيدٌ, (TA,) and [of mult.] زِيَرَةٌ. (S, K.) A2: Custom; habit; wont. (Yoo, K.) A3: A slender وَتَر [or bow-string]: (S, K:) or the most slender of such cords, (أَحَدُّهَا: (K, TA: in the CK أَحَدُهَا:) and the most firmly twisted. (TA.) b2: Hence the زِير [or smallest string] of a مِزْهَر [or lute] is thus termed. (TA.) [In this and the next preceding senses, it is app. of Persian origin.]

A4: Flax: (Yaakoob, S, K:) and with ة a portion thereof: (K:) pl. أَزْوَارٌ. (TA.) A5: See also art. زير.

زِوَرٌّ A vehement pace. (S, K.) b2: Vehement; or strong: (K:) but to what applied is not particularized. (TA.) b3: Applied to a camel, Strong; hardy; (TA;) prepared for journeys. (K.) and زِوَرَّةُ أَسْفَارٍ, applied to a she-camel, Prepared for journeys: or having an inclination to one side, by reason of her briskness, or sprightliness. (TA.) [See أَزْوَرُ.] b4: See also زَوْرٌ.

زَيِرٌ, in the K زَيِّرٌ: see art. زير.

زَارَةُ The حَوْصَلَة [or crop] (Az, K) of a bird; (Az, TA;) as also ↓ زَاوَرَةٌ, (K, TA,) with fet-h to the و, (TA,) [in the CK زاوِرَة,] and ↓ زَاؤُورَةُ (K, TA) [in the CK زاوُرَة]: and القَطَا ↓ زَاوَرَةُ The receptacle in which the [bird called] قطا carries water to its young ones. (TA.) A2: زَارَةُ الأَسَدِ The thicket, wood, or forest, or bed of reeds or canes, (أَجَمَة,) that is the haunt of the lion: so called because of his frequenting it. (IJ.) [See also زَأْرَةٌ, in art. زأر.] And ↓ زَارٌ A thicket, wood, or forest, (أَجَمَة,) containing [high coarse grass of the kind called] حَلْفَآء, and reeds or canes, and water. (TA.) b2: (assumed tropical:) A collected number, (K,) or a large collected number, (TA,) of camels, (K,) and of sheep or goats, and of men: or of camels, and of men, from fifty to sixty. (TA.) [See, again, زَأْرَةٌ, in art. زأر.]

زَوْرَةٌ A single visit. (S, TA.) A2: Distance; remoteness: (S, K:) from الاِزْوِرَارُ. (S.) A poet (Sakhr El-Ghei, TA) says, وَمَآءٍ وَرَدْتُ عَلَى زَوْرَةٍ

[To many a water have I come, notwithstanding its distance]: (S:) or, accord. to AA, عَلَى زَوْرَةٍ, in this ex., accord. to one relation زُورَة, but the former is the better known, means upon a she-camel that looked from the outer angle of her eye, by reason of her vehemence and sharpness of temper. (TA.) زِيرَةٌ A manner of visiting. (K.) One says, فُلَانٌ حَسَنُ الزِّيرَةِ Such a one is good in his manner of visiting. (TA.) زِوَارٌ (AA, S, K) and ↓ زِيَارٌ (IAar, K) A rope, or cord, which is put between the camel's fore-girth and kind-girth, (AA, S, K,) to prevent the kindgirth from hurting the animal's ثِيل, and so causing a suppression of the urine: (AA, TA:) pl. أَزْوِرَةٌ. (S, K.) In a trad., Ed-Dejjál is described as bound with أَزْوِرَة; meaning, having his arms bound together upon his breast. (IAth.) b2: Also, both words, (tropical:) Anything that is a [means of] rectification to another thing, (K,) and a defence, or protection; (IAar, K;) like the زِيَار of a beast. (IAar.) زِيَارٌ: see زِوَارٌ: A2: and see art. زير.

زُوَيْرٌ and زَوِيرٌ: see زَوْرٌ.

زَؤُورٌ: see what next follows, in two places.

رَجُلٌ زَوَّارٌ and ↓ زَؤُورٌ [A man who visits much]: a poet says, إِذَا غَابَ عَنْهَا بَعْلُهَا لَمْ أَكُنْ لَهَا وَلَمْ تَأْنَسْ إِلَىَّ كِلَابُهَا ↓ زَؤُورًا [When her husband is absent from her, I am not to her a frequent visiter, nor do her dogs become familiar to me]. (TA.) زَائِرٌ A person visiting; a visiter: (S, * Msb, K: *) fem. زَائِرَةٌ: (Sb:) pl. زَائِرُونَ, masc., (S, K,) and زَائِرَاتٌ, fem., (S, Msb,) and زُوَّارٌ, masc., (S, Msb, K,) and زَوَّرٌ, masc., (K,) and fem.: (Sb, S, Msb:) and ↓ زَوْرٌ signifies the same as زَائِرٌ (A, Msb, K, TA) and زَائِرَةٌ (TA) and زَائِرُونَ (S, A, K, TA) and زَائِرَاتُ; (S, A, Msb, TA;) being originally an inf. n.; or, as syn. with زائرون, it is a quasi-pl. n.; by some called a pl. of زَائِرٌ. (TA.) It is said in a trad., عَلَيْكَ حَقًّا ↓ إِنَّ لِزَوْرِكَ [Verily there is to thy visiter, or visiters, a just claim upon thee]. (TA.) [And hence,] ↓ زَوْرٌ also signifies A phantom that is seen in sleep. (K.) زَاوَرَةٌ: see زَارَةٌ; the former, in two places.

زَاؤُورَةٌ: see زَارَةٌ; the former, in two places.

أَزْوَرُ Inclining; (K;) crooked; wry; distorted: (A:) [fem. زَوْرَآءُ:] pl. زُورٌ. (K.) b2: Having that kind of distortion in the زَوْر (or middle of the breast [&c.] TA) which is termed زَوَرٌ. (K, TA.) b3: A dog whose breast (جَوْشَنُ) صَدْرِهِ) is narrow, (K,) and the كَلْكَل [app. meaning the part between the two collar-bones] projecting, as though his, or its, sides had been squeezed. (TA.) b4: A wry neck. (TA.) b5: [A beast] that looks from the outer angles of his eyes (K) by reason of his vehemence and sharpness of temper: (TA: [see also زَوْرٌ:]) or a camel (TA) that goes with an inclination towards one side, when his pace is vehement, though without any distortion in his chest. (K.) [See also زِوَرٌّ. Hence, app.,] الزَّوْرَآءُ is a name of Certain camels (مَال) that belonged to Uheyhah (S, K) Ibn-El-Juláh ElAnsáree. (S.) b6: زَوْرَآءُ (tropical:) A bow: (S, A, K:) because of its curving. (S.) b7: (tropical:) A bent bow. (TA.) b8: (tropical:) A menáreh (مَنَارَة) deviating from the perpendicular. (A.) b9: (tropical:) A well (بِئْر) deep: (S, K, * TA:) or not straightly dug. (TA.) b10: (tropical:) A land, (أَرْض, S, K,) and a desert, (مَفَازَة, A, or فَلَاة, TA,) far-extending, (S, A, K, TA,) and turning aside: (TA:) and أَزْوَرُ is applied [in the same sense] to a country, (TA,) and to an army. (S, TA.) b11: (tropical:) A saying, or phrase, (كَلِمَة,) bad, and crooked, or distorted. (A.) A2: Also زَوْرَآءُ [as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates] (assumed tropical:) A [drinking-cup or bowl of the kind called] قَدَح. (S, K.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) A certain vessel (K) for drinking, (TA,) oblong, like the تَلْتَلَة. (TA.) A3: هُوَ

أَزْوَرُ عَنْ مَقَامِ الذُّلِّ (A) (tropical:) He is most remote from the station, or state, of baseness, or ignominiousness. (TA.) مَزَارٌ A place [and a time] of visiting. (S, Msb.) مَزُورٌ Visited. (A.) مُزَوَّرٌ A camel distorted in the breast, or chest, when drawn forth from his mother's belly by the مُذَمِّر [q. v.], who therefore presses, or squeezes, it, in order to set it right, but so that an effect of his pressing, or squeezing, remains in him, whereby he is known to be مُزَوَّر. (Lth, K.) b2: And كَلَامٌ مُزَوَّرٌ (assumed tropical:) Speech falsified, or embellished with lies. (TA.) And (tropical:) Speech rectified, adjusted, or corrected, [and prepared, (see 2,)] before it is uttered: or beautified, or embellished; as also ↓ مُتَزَوَّرٌ. (TA.) مُزْدَارَةٌ Visiters of the tomb of the Prophet. (A.) مُتَزَوَّرٌ: see مُزَوَّرٌ.

زور
: (! الزَّوْرُ) ، بالفَتح: الصَّدْر، وَبِه فُسِّر قَوْل كَعْب بْنِ زُهَيْر:
فِي خَلْقِهَا عَن بَنَاتِ الزَّوْرِ تَفْضِيلُ
وبَنَاتُه: مَا حَوالَيْه من الأَضْلاع وغَيْرِها. وَقيل: (وَسَطُ الصَّدْرِ أَو) أَعْلاه. وَهُوَ (مَا ارْتَفَع مِنْه إِلى الكَتفَيْن، أَو) هُوَ (مُلْتَقَى أَطْرَافِ عِظَامِ الصَّدْرِ حيثُ اجْتَمَعت) ، وَقيل: هُوَ جَماعةُ الصَّدْر من الخُفِّ، والجمْع {أَزوارٌ. ويُستَحَبُّ فِي افَرَس أَن يَكون فِي زَوْرِه ضِيقٌ، وأَن يكون رَحْبَ اللَّبَانِ، كَمَا قَالَ عبدُ الله بن سُلَيْمة:
ولقَدْ غَدَوْتُ علَى القَنِيص بشَيْظَمٍ
كالجِذْعِ وَسْطَ الجَنَّةِ المَغْرُوسِ
مُتَقَارِبِ الثَّفِيناتِ ضَيْقٍ} زَوْرُه
رَحْبِ اللَّبَانِ شَدِيدِ طَيِّ ضَرِيسِ
أَراد بالضَّرِيسي الفَقَارَ.
قَالَ الجَوْهَرِيّ، وَقد فَرَّقَ بَين الزَّوْرِ واللَّبَانِ كَمَا تَرَى.
(و) الزَّوْرُ: (الزّائِرُ) ، وَهُوَ الَّذِي يَزُورُك. يُقَال: رَجلٌ زَوْرٌ، وَفِي الحَدِيث (إِنَّ لزَوْرِكَ عَلَيْك حَقًّا) وَهُوَ فِي الأَصْل مَصْدرٌ وُضِعَ مَوْضعَ الاسْمِ، كصَوْمٍ ونَوْمٍ، بمَعْنَى صَائِمٍ ونَائِمٍ.
(و) الزَّوْر: (الزَّائِرُون) ، اسمٌ للجَمْع، وَقيل: جَمْعُ زائرٍ. رجلٌ {زَوْر، وامرأَة زَوْرٌ، ونِسَاءٌ زَوْرٌ. يكون للواحِد والجَمِيع والمُذَكَّر والمُؤَنَّث بلَفْظٍ واحِدٍ، لأَنه مَصْدر، قَالَ:
حُبَّ} بالزَّوْر الَّذِي لَا يُرَى
مِنْهُ إِلا صَفْحَةٌ عَن لِمَامْ
وَقَالَ فِي نِسْوة زَوْرٍ:
ومَشْيُهُنَّ بالكَثِيبِ مَوْرُ
كَمَا تَهَادَى الفَتَيَاُت {الزَّوْرُ
(} كالزُّوَّارِ {والزُّوَّر) ، كرُجَّاز ورُكَّع. وَقَالَ الجوهريّ: ونِسْوةٌ زَوْرٌ} وزُوَّرٌ، مثل نَوْحٍ. ونُوَّحٍ: {زَائِرات.
(و) } الزَّوْر: (عَسِيبُ النَّحْلِ) ، هاكَذا باحَاءِ المُهْمَلَة فِي غَالب النُّسخ، وَالصَّوَاب بالمُعْجَمَة. وهاكذا ضَبَطَه الصَّاغانِيّ وَقَالَ: هُوَ بِلُغة أَهْل اليَمَن.
(و) الزَّوْرُ: (العَقْلُ) . ويُضَمّ، وَقد كَرَّرَه مَرَّتَيْن، فإِنه قَالَ بَعْدَ هاذا بأَسطُر: والرَّأْيُ والعَقْل: وسَيَأْتي هُناك.
(و) الزَّوْر: (مَصدر {زَارَ) هـ} يَزُورُه {زَوْراً، أَي لَقِيَه} بزَوْرِه، أَو قَصَدَ {زَوْرَه أَي وِجْهَته، كَمَا فِي البَصائر، (} كالزِّيَارَة) ، بالكَسْر ( {والزُّوَارِ) ، بالضَّمّ، (} والمَزَارِ) ، بالفَتْح، مصدر مِيمِيّ، وَقد سَقَطَ من بعض النُّسَخ.
(و) الزَّوْرُ للقَوْم: (السَّيِّد) والرَّئيسُ ( {كالزَّوِيرِ) ، كأَمِير، (} والزُّوَيْرِ، كزُبَيْر) . يُقَال هاذا زَوَيْرُ القَوْمِ، أَي رَئِيسُهم وزَعِيمُهم.
وَقَالَ ابْنُ الأَعرابيّ: {الزُّوَيْر: صاْحبُ أَمرِ القَوْمِ، وأَنشد:
بأَيْدِي رِجالٍ لَا هَوادَة بَيْنَهُمْ
يَسُوقُون للمَوْتِ الزُّوَيْرَ اليَلَنْدَدَا
(و) الزِّوَرِّ مِثَال (خِدَبَ) وهِجَفٌّ.
(و) الزَّوْرُ: (الخَيَالُ يُرَى فِي النَّوْم) .
(و) الزَّوْرُ: (قُوَّةُ العَزِيمَةِ) ، وَالَّذِي وَقعَ فِي المُحكَم والتَّهْذِيب: الزَّوْرُ: العَزِيمة، وَلَا يُحْتَاج إِلى ذِكْر القُوَّة فأَنها معنى آخَرُ.
(و) الزَّوْرُ: (الحَجَرُ الَّذِي يَظْهَر لِحَافِرِ البِئْرِ فيَعْجِزُ عَن كَسْرِهِ فيَدَعُه ظاهِراً) . وَقَالَ بعضُضهم: الزَّوْرُ: صَخْرَةٌ، هاكذا أَطلَقَ وَلم يُفَسِّر.
(و) الزَّوْر: (وَادٍ قُرْبَ السَّوَارِقِيَّة) .
(ويَوْمُ الزَّوْرِ) ، وَيقال: يَوْمُ الزَّوْرَيْن، ويَومُ الزَّوِرَيريْنِ (لبَكْرٍ على تَمِيم) .
قَالَ أَبو عُبَيْدَة: (لأَنَّهُمْ أَخَذُوا بَعِيرَيْن) . ونَصُّ أَبِي عُبَيْدَة: بَكْرَيْن مُجَلَّلَيْنِ (فَعَقَلُوهُما) ، أَي قَيَّدُوهما، (وَقَالُوا: هاذنِ} زَوْرَانَا) أَي إلاهَانَا (لَنْ نَفِرّ) . ونصّ أَبِي عُبَيْدَة فَلَا نَفِرّ (حتَّى يَفرَّا) ، وهُزِمَت تَمِيمٌ ذالِكَ اليَوْم، وأُخِذَ البَكْرَانِ فنُحِرَ أَحدُهما وتُرِكَ الآخَرُ يَضْرِب فِي شَوْلِهِم.
قَالَ الأَغْلَبُ العِجْلِيّ يَعِيبُهم بجَعْل البَعِيرَينِ رَبَّيْن لَهُم.
جَاءُوا {بِزَوْرَيْهم وجِئْنَا بالأَصَمّ
هاكذا فِي دِيوان الأَغلَب.
وَقَالَ أَبو عُبَيْدة مَعْمَرُ بْنُ المُثَنَّى: إِن البَيْت ليَحْيَى بن مَنْصُور وأَنشد قَبْلَه:
كانتْ تَمِيمٌ مَعشراً ذَوِي كَرَمْ
غَلْصَمَةَ من الغَلاصِيمِ العُظَمْ
مَا جَبُنُوا وَلَا تَوَلَّوْا مِنْ أَمَمْ
قدْ قابَلوا لَو يَنْفُخُون فِي فَحَمْ
اءُوا بزَوْرَيْهم وجِئْنَا بالأَصَمّ
شَيْخٍ لنَا كاللَّيْثِ مِنْ باقِي إِرَمْ
الأَصمُّ: هُوَ عَمْرو بن قَيْسِ بن مَسْعُودِ بنِ عَامِر، رَئِيسُ بَكْرِ بْنِ وَائِل فِي ذالك اليومِ.
(و) } الزُّورُ (بالضَّمِّ: الكَذِبُ) ، لكَوْنه قَوْلاً مائِلاً عَن الحَقّ. قَالَ تَعَالَى: {وَاجْتَنِبُواْ قَوْلَ {الزُّورِ} (الْحَج: 30) وَبِه فُسِّر أَيضاً الحَدِيث: (المُتَشَبِّع بِمَا لم يُعْطَ كَلابِسِ ثَوْبَيْ} زُورٍ) .
(و) الزُّورُ: (الشِّرْكُ باللهاِ تَعَالَى) ، وَقد عَدَلَت شَهَادَةُ الزُّورِ الشِّرحكَ بِاللَّه، كَمَا جاءَ فِي الحَدِيث لقَوْله تَعَالَى: {وَالَّذِينَ لاَ يَدْعُونَ مَعَ اللَّهِ إِلَاهَا ءاخَرَ} (الْفرْقَان: 68) ثمَّ قَالَ بعدَها: {وَالَّذِينَ لاَ يَشْهَدُونَ الزُّورَ} (الْفرْقَان: 72) وَبِه فَسَّر الزَّجَّاج قولَه تَعالَى: {وَالَّذِينَ لاَ يَشْهَدُونَ {الزُّورَ} . (و) قيل: إِن المرادَ بِهِ فِي يالآية (مَجَالِسُ اليَهُودِ والنَّصَارَى) عَن الزَّجّاج أَيضاً، ونصُّ قَوْله: مَجالِس النّصارى.
(و) الزُّورُ: (الرَّئِيسُ) ، قَالَه شَمِر، وأَنْشَد:
إِذْ أُقْرِنَ} الزُّورَاِن {زُورٌ رَازِحُ
رَارٌ} وزُورٌ نِقْيُه طُلافِحُ وزَعِيمُ القَوْم: لُغَة فِي الزَّوْر، بالفَتْح، فَلَو قَالَ هُنَا: ويُضَمّ، كَانَ أَحْسَن. والسَّيّد والرَّئِيس والزَّعِيم بمَعْنًى. (و) قيل فِي تَفْسِير قولِه تَعالَى {وَالَّذِينَ لاَ يَشْهَدُونَ الزُّورَ} إِن المُرَاد بِهِ (مَجْلِسُ الغِنَاءِ) ، قَالَه الزَّجَّاج أَيضاً. ونَصُّه مَجالِسُ الغِنَاءِ. وَقَالَ ثَعْلَبٌ: الزُّور هُنَا: مَجالِسُ اللَّهْو. قَالَ ابنُ سِيدَه: وَلَا ا 6 رِي كَيْفَ هاذَا إِلّا أَن يُرِيدَ بمجالِس اللَّهْوِ هُنَا الشِّرْكَ بِاللَّه. قَالَ: والَّذي جاءَ فِي الرِّواية: الشِّرْك، وَهُوَ جاعٌ لأَعيادِ النَّصَارَى وغيرِها.
(و) من المَجَاز: مالَكُمْ تَعْبُدُو الزُّورَ؟ وَهُوَ كُلُّ (مَا) يُتَّخَذُ رَبًّا و (يُعْبَدُ مِنْ دُونِ اللهاِ تَعالَى) ، كالزُّونِ بالنُّون. وَقَالَ أَبو سَيد: الزُّون: الصَّنَم وسَيَأْتِي. وَقَالَ أَبو عُبَيْدة: كلّ مَا عُبِد من دُونِ اللهاِ فَهُوَ زُورٌ.
قُلْتُ: وَيُقَال: إِنَّ الزُّور صَنَمٌ بعَيْنه كَانَ مُرَصَّعاً بالجَوْهَر فِي بِلَاد الدَّار.
(و) عَن أَبِي عُبَيْدَة: الزُّورُ: (القُوَّةُ) . يُقَال: لَيْسَ لَهُم زُورٌ، أَي لَيْسَ لَهُم قُوَّة. وحَبْلٌ لَهُ زُورٌ، أَي قُوَّة: (وهاذا وِفَاقٌ) وَقَعَ (بَين لُغَةِ العَربِ والفُرْسِ) ، وصَرَّحَ الخَفَاجِيّ فِي شِفَاءِ الغَلِيل بأَنَّه معرّب. ونَقَل عَن سِيبَوَيْه وغَيْرِه من الأَئِمَّة ذالِك، وظَنَّ شَيخُنَا أَنَّ هاذا جاءَ بِهِ المُصَنِّف من عِنْده فتمَحَّلَ للرَّدّ عَلَيْهِ على عادَته، وإِنَّمَا هُوَ نصّ كلامِ أَبِي عُبَيْدَة، ونَاهِيك بِه. ثمَّ إِن الَّذِي فِي اللُّغَة الفَارِسيّة إِنَّمَا هُوَ زُور بالضَّمَّة المُمَالَة لَا الخَالصة وَلم يُنَبِّهُوا على ذالِك.
(و) الزُّورُ: (نَهرٌ يَصُبُّ فِي دِجْلَةَ) .
والزُّورُ: (الرَّأْيُ والعَقْلُ) ، يُقَال: مالهَ زُورٌ وزَوْرٌ وَلَا صَيُّور، بمعٌّ فى، أَي مالَه رَأْيٌ وعَقْل يرْجع إِليه، بالضَّمِّ عَن يَعْقُوب، والفَتْح عَن أَبِي عُبَيد. وَقَالَ أَبو عُبَيْد: وأُراه إِنَّما أَرادَ لَا زَبْرَ لَهُ فغَيَّره إِذ كَتَبه.
(و) الزُّورُ: التُّهَمَة و (الباطِلُ) وَقيل: شَهادَةُ البَاطِل وقَولُ الكَذب، وَلم يُشْقّ مِنْهُ تَزْوِير الكَلامِ، ولاكِنه اشتُقَّ من تَزْوِير الصَّدْرِ، وَقد تكرَّر ذِكْر شَهادَة الزُّور فِي الحَدِيث، وَهِي مِنَ الكَبَائِر.
(و) الزُّورُ: (جَمعُ الأَزْورِ) ، وَهُوَ المَائِل الزْور، وَمِنْه شِعْر عمر:
بالخَيْل عابِسَةً زُوراً مناكِبُها
كَمَا يأْتي.
(و) الزُّورُ: (لَذَّةُ الطَّعامِ وطِيبُهُ) .
(و) الزُّورُ: (لِينُ الثَّوبِ ونَقَاؤُه) .
(و) زُورٌ: اسْم (مَلِكٍ بَنَى) مَدِينَة (شَهْرَ زُورَ) ، ومَعْناه مَدِينَة زُور.
(و) {الزَّوَرُ. (بالتَّحْرِيكِ: المَيْلُ) ، وَهُوَ مِثْل الصَّعَر. وَقيل: الزَّوَرُ فِي غَيْر الكِلاَب: مَيَلٌ مّا، لاَ يكون مُعْتَدِلَ التَّرْبِيعِ، نَحْو الكِرْكِرَة واللِّبْدَة. (و) قِيلَ: الزَّوَرُ: (عِوَجُ الزَّوْرِ) ، أَي وَسطِ الصَّدْرِ. (أَو) هُوَ (إِشْرَافُ أَحَدِ جانِبَيْه على الآخَرِ) ، وَقد} زَوِرَ {زَوَراً.
(} والأَزْوَرُ: مَ بِهِ ذالِك. والمائِلُ) . يُقَال: عنُق {أَزْوَرُ، أَي مائِلٌ. (وكَلْبٌ) أَزْوَرُ: قد (اسْتَدَقَّ جَوْشَنُ صَدْرِه) وخَرّع كَلْكَلُه كأَنَّه قد عُصِرَ جانِباه.
وَقيل: الزَّوَرُ فِي الفَرَس: دُخُولُ إِحدَى الفَهْدَتَيْن وخُرُوجُ الأُخرَى.
(و) الأَزْوَرَ: (النَّاظِرُ بمُؤْخِرِ عَيْنَيْهِ) لشِدَّته وحِدَّته. (أَو) الأَزْوَرُ: البَعِيرُ (الذِي يُقْبِل على شِقَ إِذَا اشْتَدَّ السَّيْرُ وإِن لم يكُن فِي صَدْرِه مَيْلٌ) .
(و) } الزِّوَرُّ، (كهِجَفَ: السَّيْرُ الشَّدِيدُ) . قَالَ القُطَاميّ:
يَا ناَاقُ خُبِّي خَبَباً {زِوَرَّا
وقَلِّبِي مَنْسِمَكِ المُغْبَرَّا
(و) قيل:} الزِّوَرُّ: (الشَّدِيدُ) ، فَلم يَخَصَّ بِهِ شَيْءٌ دون شَيْءٍ. (و) {الزِّوَرُّ أَيضاً: (البَعِيرُ) الصُّلْب (المُهَيَّأُ للأَسْفارِ) . يُقَال: ناقةٌ} زِوَرَّةُ أَسْفارِ، أَي مُهَيَّأَة للأَسفارِ مُعَدَّة. وَيُقَال فِيهَا {ازْوِرارٌ من نَشَاطِها. وَقَالَ بَشِير ابنُ النِّكْث:
عَجِّلْ لهَا سُقَاتَها يَا ابْنَ الأَغّرْ
وأَعْلِقِ الحَبْلَ بذَيّالٍ} زِوَرّ
( {والزِّوَارُ} والزِّيَارُ) ، بالوَاوِ واليَاءِ (ككِتَاب: كُلُّ شيْءٍ كَانَ صَلاحاً لشَيْءٍ وعِصْمَةً) ، وَهُوَ مَجاز. قَالَ ابنُ الرِّقاع:
كانُوا {زِوَاراً لأَهْلِ الشَّامِ قد عَلِمُوا
لَمَّا رَأَوْا فيهمُ جَوْراً وطُغْيانَا
قَالَ ابنُ الأَعرابيّ:} زِوَارٌ {وزِيَارٌ: عِصْمَةٌ،} كزِيَارِ الدّابَّة.
(و) {الزِّوَارُ} والزِّيَارُ: (حَبْلٌ يُجْعَل بَيْنَ التَّصْدِيرِ والحَقَبِ) يُشَدُّ من التَّصْدِير إِلَى خَلْفِ الكِرْكِرِةِ حتَّى يَثْبُتَ لِئَلَّا يُصِيبَ الحَقَبُ الثِّيلَ فيحْتَبس بَوْلُه، قَالَه أَبو عَمْرٍ و.
وَقَالَ الفردزق:
بأَرحُلِنا يَجِدْنَ وَقد جَعَلْنَا
لكلِّ نَجِيبَةٍ مِنْهَا {زِيَارَا
(ج} أَزْوِرَةٌ) .
وَفِي حديثِ الدَّجَّال (رَآهُ مُكبَّلاً بالحَديد {بأَزْوِرَة) .
قَالَ ابنُ الأَثِير: هِيَ جَمْع} زِوَارٍ {وزِيَارٍ، المعنَى أَنه جُمِعتْ يَدَاهُ إِلى صَدْرِه وشُدَّت.
(} وزُرْتُ البَعِيرَ) {أَزُورُه} زِوَاراً: (شَدَدْتُه بِه) ، من ذالك.
وأَبُو الحُسَيْن (عَلِيُّ بنُ عَبْدِ الله ابنِ بَهْرَامَ {- الزِّيارِيُّ) الأَسْتَرَابَاذِيّ: (مُحَدِّثٌ) يَرْوِي عَن إِبراهِيمَ بنِ زُهَير الحُلْوَانيّ، مَاتَ سنة 342، كَذَا فِي التَّبْصِير للحافِظ ابْن حَجَر.
(} والزَّوْرَاءُ) : اسمُ (مَال) كَانَ (لأُحَيْحَةَ) بن الجُلاَحِ الأَنْصَارِيّ: وَقَالَ:
إِنِّي أُقِيم على {الزَّوْرَاءِ أَعمُرُها
إِنَّ الكَرِيمَ على الإِخوانِ ذُو المَالِ
(و) من المَجَازِ: الزَّوْرَاءُ: (الْبِئْرُ البَعِيدَةُ) القَعْرِ. قَالَ الشَّاعِر:
إذْ تَجْعَل الجَارَ فِي} زَوْرَاءَ مُظْلِمَةٍ
زَلْخَ المُقَامِ وتَطْوِي دُونَه المَرَسا
وَقيل: رَكِيَّةٌ زَوْرَاءُ: غيرُ مُسْتَقِيمَةِ الحَفْرِ.
(و) الزَّوْرَاءُ: (القَدَحُ) ، قَالَ النابِغَة:
وتُسْقَى إِذا مَا شِئْتَ غَيْرَ مُصَرَّدٍ
{بزوَرَاءَ فِي حافَاتِهَا المِسْكُ كانِعُ
(و) } الزَّوْراءُ: (إِناءٌ) ، وَهُوَ مِشْرَبَةٌ (من فِضَّة) مُسْتَطِيلَة مثْل التَّلْتَلَة.
(و) من المَجَاز: رَمَى {بالزَّوراءِ، أَي (القَوْس) . وقَوْسٌ} زَوْرَاءُ: مَعْطُوفةٌ.
(و) قَالَ الجَوْهَرِيّ: و (دَجْلَةُ) بغْدَادَ تُسَمَّى {الزَّوْرَاءَ.
(و) الزَّوْرَاءُ: (بَغْدَادُ) أَو مَدينةٌ أُخْرَى بهَا فِي الجانِب الشَّرْقِيّ؛ (لأَنَّ أَبوابهَا الدَّاخِلَةَ جُعِلَتْ} مُزْوَرّةً) ، أَي مائلةً (عَن) الأَبواب (الخارجَةِ) وَقيل! لازْوِرَاء قِبْلَتِها.
(و) الزَّوْراءُ: (ع بالمدينةِ قُرْبَ المَسْجِدِ) الشريفِ، وَقد جاءَ ذِكرُه فِي حَدِيث الزُّهْرِيّ عَن السَّائِب.
(و) الزَّوْرَاءُ: (دارٌ كَانَت بالحِيرَةِ) بناها النُّعمانُ بنُ مُنْذر، هَدَمَها أَبو جَعْفَر المَنْصُورُ فِي أَيّامه. (و) الزَّورَاءُ: (البَعِيدَةُ من الأَراضِي) قَالَ الأَعْشَى:
يَسْقِي دِيَاراً لهَا قد أَصْبَحَت غَرَضَاً
{زَوْراءَ أَجْنَفَ عَنْهَا القَوْدَ والرَّسَلُ
(و) الزَّوْرَاءُ: (أَرْضٌ عندَ ذِي خِيمٍ) ، وَهِي أَوَّلُ الدَّهْنَاءِ وآخِرُهَا هُرَيْرَةُ.
(} والزَّارَةُ: الجَمَاعَةُ) الضَّخْمَةُ (مِنَ) الناسِ و (الإِبلِ) والغَنَمِ. وَقيل هِيَ من الأَبل والناسِ: مَا بَيْن الخَمْسين إِلى السِّتِّين.
(و) {الزَّارَة من الطَّائر: (الحَوْصَلَة) ، عَن أَبِي زَيْد، (} كالزَّاوِرَةِ) ، بفَتْح الْوَاو، ( {والزَاوُورَة) وزاوَرَةُ القَطَاة: مَا حَمَلَتْ فِيهِ المَاءَ لِفِراخِها.
(و) } زَارَةُ: (حَيٌّ من أَزْدِ السَّرَاةِ) ، نَقَلَه الصَّاغانِيّ.
(و) الزَّارَةُ: (ة) كَبِيرَةٌ (بالبَحْرَيْن) و (مِنْهَا مَرْزُبَانُ الزَّارَةِ) ، وَله حَدِيث مَعْرُوف.
قَالَ أَبو مَنْصُور: وعَيْنُ الزَّارَةِ بالبَحْرَيْن مَعْرُوفَةٌ.
(و) الزَّارَة: (ة بالصَّعِيدِ) ، وسبقَ للمصنّف فِي (زرّ) أَنّها كُورَة بهَا فَلْينْظر.
(و) {زَارَةُ: (ة، بأَطْرَابُلُسِ الغَرْبِ. مِنْهَا إِبراهِيمُ} - الزّارِيُّ التاجِرُ المُتَمَوِّلُ) ، كَذَا ضَبطه السِّلَفيّ ووَصَفه.
(و) زَارَةُ: (ة من أَعْمَالِ اشْتِيخَنَ. منهَا يَحْيَى بن خُزَيْمَةَ! - الزَّارِيُّ) ، وَيُقَال: هِيَ بغَيْر هاءٍ، رَوَى عَن الدَّارميّ. وعَنْه طيب بن محمّد السَّمَرْقَنْديّ، قَالَ الحَافِظُ ابْن حَجَر: ضَبَطه أَبو سَعْد الإِدْرِيسيّ هاكذا، حَكَاهُ ابْنُ نُقْطَة. وأَمَّا السَّمْعانِيّ فذَكَره بتَكْرِير الزَّاي. ( {والزِّيرُ) ، بالكَسْرِ: (الزِّرُّ) . قَالَ الأَزْهَرِيّ: وَمن العَرب مَنْ يَقْلِب أَحَد الحَرْفَيْن المُدْغْمَين يَاء فَيَقُول فِي مَرَ: مَيْرٌ، وَفِي زِرَ} زِيرٌ وَفِي رِزَ رِيزٌ.
(و) الزِّيرُ: (الكَتَّانُ) . قَالَ الحُطَيْئَة:
وإِنْ غَضِبَتْ خِلْت بالمِشْفَرَين
سَبَائِخَ قُطْنٍ {وزِيراً نُسَالاً
(والقِطْعَةُ) مِنْهُ زِيرَةٌ، (بِهاءٍ) ، والجَمع أَزْوَارٌ.
(و) الزِّير: (الدَّنُّ) ، وَالْجمع أَزْيَار، أَعجميٌّ، (أَو) الزِّيرُ: (الحُبُّ) الَّذِي يُعْمَل فِيهِ الماءُ، بلُغَة العِراق. وَفِي حَدِيث الشّافِعِيّ رَضِي الله عَنهُ (كُنتُ أَكُتب العِلْم أُلقِيه فِي زِيرٍ لنا) .
(و) الزِّير: (العَادَةُ) ، أَنْشَدَ يُونُس:
تَقولُ الحارِثِيَّة أُمُّ عَمْرٍ
وأَهاذا} زِيرُه أَبَداً {- وزِيرِي
قَالَ: مَعْناه أَهاذا دَأْبُه أَبداً ودَأْبى.
(و) الزِّير: (رَجُلٌ يُحِبُّ محادَثَةَ النِّساءِ ويُحِبّ مُجالَسَتَهُنَّ) ومُخَالَطَتَهُنّ، سُمِّيَ بذالك لكَثْرة زِيَارَتِه لَهُنّ. (وَيُحب) الثَّانِي مُسْتَدَرَكٌ. وَقيل: الزِّيرُ: المُخَالِطُ لهنّ فِي البَاطِل، وَقيل: هُوَ الَّذِي يُخَالِطُهنّ ويُرِيدُ حَدِيثَهُنّ. (بغيرِ شَرَ أَوْ بهِ) . وأَصلُه الْوَاو، وَجعله شَيخُ الإِسلام زكريّا فِي حَوَاشِيه على البَيْضاوِيّ مهموزاً، وَهُوَ خِلافُ مَا عَلَيْهِ أَئِمَّةُ اللُّغةِ. وَفِي الحَدِيث: (لَا يَزالُ أَحدُكم كاسِراً وِسَادَه يَتَّكِىءُ عَلَيْهِ ويأْخُذُ فِي الحَدِيث فِعْل الزِّيرِ) . (ج أَزْوارٌ وزِيرَةٌ، وأَزْيَارٌ) ، الأَخِيرَة من بَاب عِيدِ وأَعْيَادٍ.
(وَهِي} زِيرٌ أَيضاً) . تَقُولُ: امرأَةٌ زِيرُ رِجَالٍ. قَالَه الكِسائيّ، وَهُوَ قَلِيل (أَو خاصٌّ بهم) ، أَي بالرِّجال وَلَا يُوصَف بِهِ المُؤَنَّث، قَالَه بَعضُهم، وَهُوَ الأَكثر. ويأْتِي فِي الْمِيم أَنَّ الَّتِي تُحِبّ مُحَادَثَةَ الرِّجالِ يُقَال لَهَا: مَرْيَمُ. قَالَ رُؤبةُ:
قُلتُ {لِزِيرٍ لم تَصِلْه مَرْيَمُهْ
(و) الزِّير: (الدِّقِيقُ من الأَوتارِ، أَو أَحدُّها) وأَحْكَمُهَا فَتْلاً.} وزِيرُ المِزْهَرِ مُشْتَقٌّ مِنْهُ.
(و) {الزِّيرَةُ، (بهاءٍ: هَيْئَةُ} الزِّيَارَةِ) . يُقَال: فُلانٌ حَسَنُ الزِّيرَةِ.
(و) {الزَّيِّر، (كسَيِّدٍ) ، هاكذا فِي النُّسَخ، والصَّواب ككَتِفٍ، كَمَا ضَبَطَه الصَّاغانِيّ: (الغَضْبَانُ) المُقَاطِعُ لصاحِبه، عَن ابْن الأَعْرَابيّ. قَالَ الأَزْهَرِيّ. أُرَى أَصْلَه الهَمْزَ، من زَئِرَ الأَسدُ، فخفّف.
(} وزُورَةُ) ، بالضَّمّ (ويُفْتَحُ: ع قُرْبَ الكُوفَةِ) .
(و) {الزَّوْرَة، (بالفَتْح: البُعْدُ) ، وَهُوَ من الازْوِرَارِ. قَالَ الشَّاعِر:
وماءٍ وَرَدْتُ على} زَوْرَةٍ
أَي على بُعْد.
(و) الَّزورَةُ: الناقَةُ الَّتِي تَنظُرُ بمُؤْخِرِ عَيْنِها لشهدَّتِهَا وحِدّتها، قَالَ صَخْرُ الغيِّ:
ومَاءٍ وَرَدْتُ على {زَوْرَةٍ
كَمَشْيِ السَّبَنْتَي يَرَاحُ الشَّفِيفَا
هاكذا فَسَّره أَبُو عَمْرو. ويروى:} زُورَة، بالضَّمّ، والأَوَّل أَعرَفُ.
(ويوْمُ {الزُّوَيْر) ، كزُبَيْر: (م) ، أَي مَعْرُوف، وَكَذَا يَوْم} الزُّوَيْرَيْنِ.
( {وأَزارَهُ: حَمَلَه على} الزِّيارةِ) وأَزَرْتُه غَيري.
( {وزَوَّرَ) } تَزْوِيراً: (زَيَّن الكَذِبَ) ، وكَلامٌ {مُزَوَّرٌ: مُمَوَّهٌ بالكَذِب.
(و) من المَجَازِ:} زَوَّرَ (الشَّيْءَ: حَسَّنِ وقَوَّمه) . وأَزالَ {زَوَرَه: اعوِجَاجَه. وكَلامٌ} مُزَوَّرٌ، أَي مُحَسَّن. وقِيل: هُوَ المُثَقَّف قَبْلَ أَن يُتَكَلَّمَ بِهِ، وَمِنْه قَوْلُ عُمَر رَضِيَ اللهاُ عَنهُ: (مَا! زَوَّرْت كَلاماً لأَقُولَه إِلا سَبَقَني بِهِ أَبُو بَكْر) . أَيهَيَّأْت وأَصْلَحَ. {والتَّزْوِير: إِصلاحُ الشَّيْءِ. وسُمِعَ ابنُ الأَعرابيّ يَقُول: كُلُّ إِصلاحٍ من خَيْرٍ أَو شَرَ فَهُوَ تَزْوِيرٌ. وَقَالَ أَبو زَيْد:} التَّزْوِير: التَّزْوِيق والتَّحْسِين. وَقَالَ الأَصمَعِيّ: التَّزْوير: تَهْيِئَة الكَلامِ وتَقدِيرُهُ، والإِنْسَان يُزَوِّر كَلاماً، وَهُوَ أَن يُقَوِّمَه ويُتْقِنَه قبل أَنْ يتكَلَّم بِهِ.
(و) {زَوَّرَ (الزَّائِرَ) تَزْوِيراً: (أَكْرَمَه) قَالَ أَبو زيد:} زَوِّرواً فُلاناً، أَي اذْبَحُوا لَهُ وأَكْرِمُوه. {والتَّزْوِيرُ: أَن يُكرِمَ المَزُورُ زَائِرَه.
(و) زَوَّرَ (الشَّهَادةَ: أَبْطَلَها) ، وَهُوَ راجعٌ إِلى تَفْسِير قَوْلِ القَتَّال:
ونَحْنُ أُناسٌ عُودُنَا عُودُ نَبْعَةٍ
صَلِيبٌ وِفينَا قَسْوَةٌ لَا} تُزَوَّرُ
قَالَ أَبو عَدْنَانَ: أَي لَا نُغْمَز لقَسْوتنا وَلَا نُسْتَضْعَف. فَقَوله: {زَوَّرْت شَهَادَةَ فُلانِ، مَعْنَاهُ أَنَّه استُضعِف فغُمِزَ، وغُمِزتْ شَهَادَتَهُ فأُسقِطَت.
(و) فِي الخَبَر عَن الحَجَّاج قَالَ: (رَحِمَ اللهاُ أمْرأً} زَوَّرَ (نَفْسَه) على نَفْسِه) قيل: قَوَّمَها وحَسَّنَها. وَقيل: اتَّهَمَها على نَفْسه. وَقيل: (وَسَمَها {بالزُّورِ) ، كفَسَّقَه وجَهَّلَه. وَتقول: أَنا} أُزَوِّرك على نَفْسِك، أَي أَتَّهِمُك عَلَيْها. وأَنشد ابنُ الأَعرابيّ:
بِهِ {زَوَرٌ لم يَسْتَطِعْه المُزَوِّرُ
(} والمُزَوَّرُ من الإِبِل) ، كمُعَظَّم: (الَّذِي إِذا سَلَّه المُذَمِّر) كمُحَدّث وَقد تقدّم (من بَطْن أُمِّه اعْوَجَّ صَدرُه فَيَغْمِزِ ليُقِيمَه فيَبْقَى فِيه من غَمْزِهِ أَثَرٌ يُعلَم مِنْهُ أَنَّه {مُزَوَّر) ، قَالَه اللَّيْثُ.
(} واسْتَزَارَهُ) : سأَلَه أَن {يَزُورَه، (} فزَارَه) وازداره. ( {وتزاوَرَ عَنهُ) } تَزَاوُرًا (عَدَلَ وانْحَرف) . وقُرِىء {) 1 (. 029! تَزَّوَارُ عَن كهفهم} (الْكَهْف: 17) ، وَهُوَ مُدغَم تَتَزَاوَرُ ( {كازْوَرَّ وَ} ازْوارَّ) ، كاحْمَرَّ واحْمارَّ. وقُرِىءَ ( {تَزْوَرُّ) وَمعنى الكُلِّ: تَمِيل، عَن الأَخْفَشِ. وَقد ازْوَرَّ عَنهُ.} ازْوِرَاراً. {وازْوَارَّ عَنهُ} ازْوِيرَاراً.
(و) {تَزاوَرَ (القَوْمُ: زارَ بَعضُهُم بَعضاً) ، وهم} يَتَزَاوَرُون، وَبينهمْ {تَزَاوُرٌ.
(} وزَوْرَانُ) ، بِالْفَتْح: (جَدُّ) أَبي بكرٍ (مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عبدِ الرحمانِ) البَغْدَادِيّ، سَمِعَ يحيى بن هاشِم السّمسار. وَقَول المصنّف: (التّابِعِيّ) كَذَا فِي سَائِر الأُصول خَطَأٌ، فإِنَّ مُحَمَّد بن عبد الرحمان هاذا لَيْسَ بتابعيَ كَمَا عَرفْت. وَالصَّوَاب أَنه سَقط من الْكَاتِب، وَحَقُّه بعد عبد الرَّحْمَن: والوَلِيدُ بنُ {زَوّارَانَ. فإِنّه تابعيّ يَرْوِي عَن أَنَس. وشَذَّ شيخُنَا فضَبَطه بالضَّم نَقلاً عَن بَعضهم عَن الكاشِف، والصَّواب أَنَّه بالفَتْح، كَمَا صرَّحَ بِهِ الحافِظُ ابْن حَجَر والأَمِيرُ وغيرُهما، ثمَّ إِنَّ قَوْلَ المُصَنّف إِن زَوْرَانَ جَدُّ مُحَمَّد وَهَمٌ، بل الصَّواب أَنه لَقَبُ مُحَمَّد. ثمَّ اختُلِف فِي الوَليد بن} زَوْرَانَ، فَضَبَطَه الأَمِيرُ بِتَقْدِيم الرَّاءِ على الوَاوِ، وجَزَمَ المِزِّيّ فِي التَّهْذِيب أَنَّه بِتَقْدِيم الْوَاو كَمَا هُنَا.
(وبالضَّمِّ عبدُ الله بنُ) عَلِيّ بن ( {زُورَانَ الكازَرُونِيُّ) ، عَن أَبي الصَّلْت المُجير، ووَقَعَ فِي التَّكْمِلة، عَلَيّ بنُ عبد الله بن زُورَانَ. (وإِسحاقُ ابنُ زُورَانَ السِّيرافِيُّ) الشَّافعيّ، (مُحَدِّثُونَ) .
وَمِمَّا يُسْتَدْرَكَ عَلَيْهِ:
مَنَارَةٌ} زَوْراءُ: مائِلَةٌ عَن السَّمْتِ والقَصْدِ. وفَلاةٌ {زَوْرَاءُ: بَعِيدةٌ فِيهَا} ازْوِرَارٌ، وَهُوَ مَجَاز. وَبَلَدٌ {أَزْوَرُ، وجَيْشٌ أَزْوَرُ.
قَالَ الأَزهَرِيُّ: سَمِعْتُ العَربَ تَقول للبَعير المَائِل السَّنامِ: هاذا البَعِيرُ} زَوْرٌ. وناقَةٌ {زَوْرَةٌ: قَوِيَّةٌ غَلِيظَةٌ. وفَلاةُ زَوْرة: غَيرُ قاصِدَةٍ.
وَقَالَ أَبو زَيد:} زَوَّرَ الطَّائِرُ! تَزْوِيراً: ارتفَعَتْ حَوْصَلَتُه، وَقَالَ غيرُه: امتَلأَتْ. ورَجلٌ {زَوَّارٌ وزَوَّارَةٌ، بِالتَّشْدِيدِ فيهمَا: غَلِيظٌ إِلى القِصَرِ.
قَالَ الأَزْهَرِيّ: قرأْتُ فِي كتاب اللَّيْث فِي هاذا الْبَاب: يُقَال للرَّجل إِذا كَانَ غَليظاً إِلى القِصَر مَا هُوَ: إِنّه} لَزُوارٌ {وزُوَارِيَةٌ.
قَالَ أَبو مَنْصُور؛ وهاذا تَصْحِيفٌ مُنْكر، والصَّواب: إِنه لَزُوَازٌ وزُوَازِيَةٌ (بزاءَيْن) . قَالَ: قَالَ ذالك أَبو عَمْرٍ ووابْنُ الأَعْرَابِيّ وغَيْرُهما.
} وازْدَاره: {زَارَه، افْتَعَلَ من الزِّيارة. قَالَ أَبو كَبِير:
فدَخَلْتُ بَيْتاً غَيْرَ بَيْتِ سِنَاخَةٍ
} وازْدَرْتُ {مُزْدَارَ الكَريمِ المِفْضَلِ
والزَّوْرَة: المَرَّةُ الواحدةُ.
وامرأَةٌ} زَائِرَةٌ من نِسْوةٍ {زُورٍ، عَن سِيبَوَيه، وكذالك فِي المذكّر، كعائِذٍ وعُوذٍ، ورَجلٌ} زَوَّارٌ {وزَؤُورٌ ككَتَّان وصَبُور. قَالَ:
إِذعا غَاب عنْها بَعْلُهَا لم أَكنْ لَهَا
} زَؤُوراً ولمْ تَأْنَسْ إِليَّ كِلابُها
وَقَالَ بَعْضُهم: زارَ فُلانٌ فلَانا، أَي مَالَ إِليه. وَمِنْه {تَزَاوَرَ عَنهُ، أَي مَالَ.
} وزَوَّرَ صاحِبَه {تَزْوِيراً: أَحْسَنَ إِليه وعَرَفَ حَقَّ} زِيَارَتِهِ.
وَفِي حَدِيث طَلْحَةَ ( {أَزَرْتُه شَعُوبَ} فزَارَها أَي أَوْرَدْتُه المَنِيَّةَ، وَهُوَ مَجاز.
وأَنا {أُزِيرُكم ثَنَائِي، وأَزَرْتُكم قَصَائِدي، وَهُوَ مَجاز.
} والمَزَارُ، بالفَتْح: مَوْضِعُ {الزِّيارةِ.
} وزَوِرَ {يَزْوَر، إِذا مالَ.
وَيُقَال للعَدُوِّ:} الزَّايِرُ، وهم! الزَّايِرون وأَصلُه الهَمْز، وَلم يَذكره المُصَنّف هُنَاكَ. وبالوَجْهَيْن فُسِّرَ بيتُ عَنْتَرَةَ:
حَلَّتْ بأَرْضِ {الزَّايِرِينَ فأَصْبَحَتْ
عَسِراً عَليَّ طِلابُكِ ابْنَةَ مَخْرَمِ
وَقد تقدّمت الإِشارة إِلَيْهِ.
} وزَارَةُ الأَسَدِ: أَجَمَتُه. قَالَ بَان جِنِّي. وذالك لاعْتِياده إيَّاها {وزَوْرِه لَهَا. وذَكَره المصنّف فِي زأَر.
} والزَّارُ: الأَجَمَةَ ذاتُ الحَلْفاءِ والقَصَبِ والماءِ.
وكَلامٌ {مُتَزَوَّرٌ: مُحَسَّنٌ. قَالَ نَصْرُ بنُ سَيَّارٍ:
أَبلِغْ أَميرَ المؤمنينَ رِسَالَةً
} تَزَوَّرْتُهَا من مُحْكَمَاتِ الرَّسائِلِ
أَي حَسَّنْتُهَا وثَقَّفْتها.
وَقَالَ خالِدُ بنُ كُلْثُوم: {التَّزْوِيرُ: التَّشْبِيهُ.
} وزاَرَةُ: مَوْضِع، قَالَ الشَّاعِر:
وكَأَنَّ ظُعْنَ الحَيِّ مُدْبِرَةً
نَخْلٌ بَهزَارَةَ حَمْلُهُ السُّعْدُ
وَفِي الأَسَاس: {تَزَوَّرَ: قَالَ} الزُّورَ. {وَتَزَوَّرَه:} زَوَّرَه لنَفْسِه.
وأَلقَى {زَوْرَه. أَقامَ.
وكَلِمةٌ} زَوْراءُ: دَنِيَّةٌ مُعْوَجَّةٌ.
وَهُوَ أَزْوَرُ عَن مقَامِ الذّلّ: أَبْعَدُ.
واستدرك شَيخنَا: زَارَه: زوجُ ماسِخَةَ القَوَّاسِ، كَمَا نقلَه السُّهَيْليّ وَغَيره، وتقدّمت الإِشارة إِليه فِي (مسخ) .
قلت: ونَهْرُ {زَاوَرَ كهَاجَر، نَهرٌ متَّصل بعُكْبَرَاءَ،} وزَاوَرُ: قريةٌ عِنْده.
! والزَّوْرُ، بالفَتْح: موضعٌ بَين أَرضِ بَكْرِ بنِ وَائِلٍ. وأَرضِ تَمِيم، على ثلاثةِ أَيّامٍ من طَلَحَ. وجَبَلٌ يُذْكَر مَعَ مَنْوَرٍ، وجَبلٌ آخَرُ فِي دِيَارِ بني سُلَيْمٍ فِي الحِجَاز.

فوم

2 فَوَّمْتُ الخُبْزَ I made bread, or the bread. (IJ, M.) [And] فَوِّمُوا لَنَا Make ye bread for us: (T, S:) a phrase said by Fr to have been heard from the Arabs as meaning thus. (T.) فُومٌ, a word occurring in the Kur ii. 58, (T, S, M, &c.,) is expl. as signifying the same as ثُومٌ [which generally means Garlic; but is said to have also the meaning here next following]; (T, S, M, Msb, K;) said to be a dial. var. of the latter word, but app. [if meaning “ garlic ”] formed, as IJ says, by the substitution of ف for ث; (M;) and 'Abd-Allah [Ibn-Mes'ood] read [in the Kur ubi suprà] وَثُومِهَا [instead of وَفُومِهَا]: (Fr, T, S:) it is also expl. as signifying wheat; (T, S, M, Msb, K;) which is said by Lh to be a meaning of ثُوم and فُوم; and if Ibn-Mes'ood read the word as ثوم, the meaning is فوم, i. e. “ wheat; ” (T;) accord. to Fr, it is an old word, signifying thus, (T, S, *) and also bread; (T, S, K;) Zj says that there is no difference of state-ment among the lexicologists as to its having the former of these two meanings, that it is said to have the latter also, and that it also signifies the other grains, beside wheat, whereof bread is made [which last meaning is also mentioned in the K]; (T;) and IJ holds that it is rightly expl. as having the first of these three meanings (i. e. “ wheat ”) and the last of them: (M:) another meaning assigned to it is حِمَّصٌ [i. e. cicer arietinum; or chick-peas]; (S, K;) which is of the dial. of Syria: (S:) and it signifies also any عُقْدَة [app. meaning head of a plant, such as that] of an onion, or of a garlic: or a great gobbet of food: (K: [for أَوْ لُقْمَةٍ عَظِيمَةٍ in the CK, I read او لُقْمَةٌ عَظِيمَةٌ as in other copies of the K:]) in the dial. of Azd-es-Saráh, it is applied to ears of corn; and ↓ فُومَةٌ is its n. un.; (M;) this latter signifying an ear of corn, (S, K, TA,) as expl. by IDrd: (TA:) فُومٌ has فُومَانٌ [of the measure فُعْلَنَانٌ] for a pl., this being [virtually] a pl. pl.; mentioned by IJ, who says that the dammeh in فُومٌ is different from the dammeh in فُومَانٌ. (M, TA.) فُومَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, near the end. b2: Also A thing that one carries between his two fingers. (K.) قَطَعُوا الشَّاةَ فُوَمًا فُوَمًا (M, K, *) means [They cut the sheep, or goat,] into a number of pieces; (M;) like فُؤَمًا. (K.) فَامِىٌّ, altered from فُومِىٌّ, A seller of فُوم [app. 3]. in any of its senses, but accord. to the TA as meaning wheat, or chick-peas]: (S, K:) [or] a seller of fruit: (MA:) accord. to Az, (TA,) الفَامِىُّ means السُّكَّرِىُّ, (Mgh, TA,) who is called by the vulgar البَيَّاعُ [generally signifying the seller, or vender; perhaps here meaning the seller of sugar, though I do not anywhere find السُّكَّرِىُّ thus explained]; (Mgh;) but he says, “I do not think it genuine Arabic. ” (TA.)

فرم

2 تَفْرِيمٌ [as an inf. n. of which the verb is فَرَّمَت] signifies A woman's contracting her فَلْهَم (or قُبُل, TA) [i. e. vulva or vagina] with the stones of raisins [which were supposed to have an astringent property, or with some other medicament: see فَرْمٌ: and see also 10]: and so تَفْرِيبٌ. (IAar, T.) 3 فِرَامٌ [app. as an inf. n. of which the verb is فَارَمَت] signifies A woman's menstruating, and stuffing her vulva with a piece of rag: and one says of her who has done this, ↓ اِفْتَرَمَت [and app. also فَاَرَمَت]. (T, K.) [See also فِرَامَةٌ.] b2: It occurs in a trad. [as an inf. n.] used in the sense of مُجَامَعَة [meaning (tropical:) The act of compressing]. (IAth, TA.) 4 افرم He filled (T, S, K) a watering-trough (T, K) or a vessel: (S:) of the dial. of Hudheyl. (T, S.) 8 اِفْتَرَمَت, said of a woman: see 3.10 اِسْتَفْرَمَت She (a woman) applied a medicament to her vulva, or vagina, to contract it: (S, K: *) or she stuffed her vulva, or vagina, (T, TA,) with the stones of raisins, and the like: (TA:) the women of [the tribe of] Thakeef, having a wideness in that part, made this use of the stones of raisins, desiring thereby to contract it: (M, TA: *) [see also 2: and see فَرْمٌ:] the epithet ↓ فَرْمَآءُ is applied to her who does thus; as also ↓ مُسْتَفْرِمَةٌ. (M, K.) b2: And [hence] one says of a mare, اِسْتَفْرَمَتْ بِالحَصَى, meaning (assumed tropical:) She caused the pebbles to enter her vulva by her vehement running. (TA. [And the same is implied in the S by an ex. and explanation of the part. n.]) فَرْمٌ, (T, S, M, K,) and ↓ فَرْمَةٌ, (S, K,) and ↓ فِرَامٌ, (M, K,) A medicament, or remedial application, (T, S, M, K,) such as the stones of raisins, (T, M,) used by a woman for the purpose of contracting her vulva, or vagina. (T, S, M, K.) فَرَمٌ The rag that is used on the occasion of menstruation: (IAth, TA:) and ↓ مَفَارِمُ signifies the rags used on the occasion thereof; and [may be an irreg. pl. of فَرَمٌ, like as مَشَابِهُ is held to be of شَبَهٌ, but it is said that it] is a pl. having no sing.: (M, TA:) [in the K, in art. حشو, the ↓ مَفَارِمُ (there in the CK erroneously written مَقَارِم) are said to be used by the مُسْتَحَاضَة: see 8 in that art.]

فَرْمَةٌ: see فَرْمٌ.

فَرْمَآءُ: see 10.

فِرَامٌ: see فَرْمٌ: A2: and see also the next following paragraph.

فِرَامَةٌ The piece of rag which a woman bears [stuffed] in her vulva, or vagina: (Az, T, K:) or her menstruating, and stuffing her vulva with a piece of rag; like ↓ فِرَامٌ [as expl. above: see 3]. (K.) أَفْرَمُ A man (TA) whose teeth become much broken. (K, TA.) مُفْرَمٌ Filled with water (T, M) &c.: (M:) mentioned by A'Obeyd, as applied to a wateringtrough: (T:) and applied also to a شِعْب [or road in a mountain, &c.,] as meaning filled with men, or people: (M:) of the dial. of Hudheyl. (T, M.) مَفَارِمُ: see فَرَمٌ, in two places.

مُسْتَفْرِمَةٌ: see 10.