حج

1 حَجَّ, aor. ـُ (S, A, Mgh, Msb,) inf. n. حَجٌّ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) He repaired, or betook himself, to, or towards, syn. قَصَدَ, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) a person (S, A, Mgh) [or place], in an absolute sense: or to, or towards, an object of reverence, veneration, respect, or honour: or, accord. to Kh, he repaired, or betook himself, much, or frequently, to, or towards, an object of this kind: and also he repaired to, betook himself to, or visited, a person: (TA:) and he went to, or visited, a person repeatedly, or frequently. (ISk, T, S, Mgh, K. *) You say also, حَجَّ بَنُو فُلَانٍ فُلَانًا The sons of such a one continued long going repeatedly to visit such a one. (S.) b2: Hence, (S, Mgh, Msb,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (S,) and inf. n. حِجٌّ also, (Sb, L,) or this is a simple subst., (S, Msb, K,) by a conventional usage, (S,) or predominantly, (Mgh,) or by restriction of its usage in the law, (Msb,) He repaired to Mekkeh, (S, K,) or to the Kaabeh, (Mgh, Msb,) to perform the religious rites and ceremonies of the pilgrimage; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) or for the purpose of the عُمْرَة [q. v.; but this latter meaning is very rare: the usual meaning is, he performed the pilgrimage to Mekkeh and Mount' Arafát, with all the rites and ceremonies prescribed to be observed at, and between, those two places]: (Msb:) or he repaired to the House [of God, at Mekkeh,] and performed the actions prescribed for that occasion by the law of the Kur-án and the Sunneh. (L.) [See حَجٌّ, below.] You say also, حَجَّ الَيْتَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. حَجٌّ, (T, S,) and ↓ احتجّهُ, (El-Hejeree, TA,) He performed the pilgrimage to the House [of God, at Mekkeh]; (T, S;) because people repair to it every year. (T, TA.) And حَجُّوا مَكَّةَ [They performed the pilgrimage to Mekkeh]. (A.) and مَا حَجَّ وَلٰكِنَّهُ دَجَّ He did not repair to Mekkeh to visit the House of God, (Aboo-Tálib, Az,) or for the performance of the rites and ceremonies of the pilgrimage, (Msb,) but he journeyed for mercantile purposes. (Aboo-Tálib, Az, Msb. [See also art. دج.]) And hence, accord. to some, لَجَّ فَحَجَّ, a prov., which see below. (TA.) b3: Also, (TA,) inf. n. حَجٌّ, (K,) He came, or arrived. (K, TA.) You say, حَجَّ عَلَيْنَا فُلَانٌ Such a one came to us. (TA.) A2: Also, [aor., accord. to rule, as above,] inf. n. حَجٌّ, He shaved [his head; as one does on completing the performance of the rites and ceremonies of the pilgrimage: see حَجٌّ, below]. (TA.) A3: Also, (IAar, A, &c.,) aor. ـُ inf. n. حَجٌّ, (TA,) He probed a fracture of the head, (K,) or a wound, (A, TA,) with a مِحْجَاج, (A, K,) or مِيل, (TA,) for the purpose of curing it: (TA:) or he probed a wound to know its depth: (IAar, TA:) or he examined a cleft in the head to know whether there were in it bone or blood: (ISh, TA:) or he dressed and cured a wound in the head reaching to the brain: or he poured boiled clarified butter upon a fracture of the head, in consequence of which the blood was mixed with the brain, until the blood appeared, which he took away with a little cotton: (TA:) or حَجَّهُ, inf. n. حَجٌّ, signifies he probed a fracture of his head for the purpose of curing it: (S:) or he made a perforation in the bone [of his broken head] (قَدَحَ فِيهِ) with an iron instrument, it being broken so that the brain was befouled with blood, and pulled off the skin that had dried up, and then cured it, so that it closed up with a [new] skin: it relates to a wound reaching to the brain. (L.) b2: Also, aor. ـُ inf. n. حَجٌّ, He cut out and extracted a bone from a wound. (TA.) A4: Also, (A, Msb,) aor. ـُ (Msb, TA,) inf. n. حَجُّ, (K,) He overcame another in, or by, an argument, a plea, an alle-gation, a proof, an evidence, or a testimony. (A, Msb, K.) See 3. It is said in a prov., لَجَّ فَحَجَّ (S, TA) He was pertinacious in litigation, dispute, or altercation, and overcame therein [as is implied in the S, and expressed in the TA]: or he persevered until he performed the pilgrimage [not having intended to do so when he set out: see Freytag's “ Arab. Prov. ” ii. 452]. (TA.) A5: Also, (TA,) [aor., accord. to rule, حَجِّ,] inf. n. حَجٌّ; (K;) and ↓ حَجْحَجَ, (K,) inf. n. حَجْحَجَةٌ; (TA;) He refrained, forbore, or abstained, (K, TA,) عَنْ شَىْءٍ from a thing. (TA.) [See also the latter verb below.]3 حاجّهُ, (S, A, Mgh, Msb,) inf. n. مُحَاجَّةٌ (A, Msb, TA) and حِجَاجٌ, (TA,) He contended with him in, or by, an argument, a plea, an allegation, a proof, an evidence, or a testimony. (S, Mgh, Msb, TA.) You say, ↓ حاجّهُ فحَجَّهُ He contended with him in, or by, an argument, &c., and he overcame him therein, or thereby. (S, A, * Mgh, Msb.) b2: [And hence, حاجّ He pleaded in a lawsuit.]4 احجّهُ He sent him to perform the pilgrimage to Mekkeh, and the religious rites and ceremonies thereof. (S, Msb, K.) 6 تَحَاجٌّ [inf. n. of تحاجّوا] The contending, one with another, in a litigation, a dispute, or an altercation; (S, K;) the adducing arguments, pleas, allegations, proofs, evidences, or testimonies, one with another. (KL.) 8 إِحْتَجَ3َ see 1.

A2: [احتجّ بِشَىْءٍ He adduced, or urged, or defended himself by adducing or urging, a thing as an argument, a plea, an allegation, a proof, an evidence, or a testimony.] You say, احتجّ عَلَى خَصْمِهِ بِحُجَّةٍ شَهْبَآءَ [He argued against his adversary with a strong, or a difficult, argument, plea, &c.]. (A.) R. Q. 1 حَجْحَجَ, inf. n. حَجْحَجَةٌ: see 1, last signification. b2: Also He retired, or drew back; or did so in fear: (S, K:) or he lacked power, or ability. (TA.) One says, حَمَلُوا عَلَى القَوْمِ حَمْلَةً ثُمَّ حَجْحَجُوا They made a single charge, or assault, upon the party, and then retired, or drew back; or drew back in fear: (S, TA:) or lacked power, or ability. (TA.) b3: He refrained from saying what he desired, or was about, to say; (S, K;) like مَجْمَجَ: (S:) or he did not reveal, or manifest, what was in his mind. (M, TA.) It is said in one of the provs. of Meyd, نَفْسُكَ بِمَا تُحَجْحِجُ أَعْلَمُ Thou thyself knowest better than others [what thou refrainest from uttering, or] what is in thy mind. (TA.) b4: He remained, stayed, abode, or dwelt, (K, TA,) بِمَكَانٍ

in a place; not quitting it; as also ↓ تَحَجْحَجَ. (TA.) R. Q. 2 تَحَجْحَجَ: see what next precedes.

حَجُّ and ↓ حِجٌّ, the former an inf. n., and the latter a simple subst., (S, Msb, K,) or the latter also is an inf. n., (Sb, L,) [both used as substs.,] The pilgrimage to Mekkeh, (S, K,) or to the Kaabeh, (Msb,) to perform the religious rites and ceremonies prescribed to be observed on that occasion: (S, Msb, K:) Ks makes no difference between these two words: some say that the former is employed to signify the religious rites and ceremonies of the pilgrimage because they follow the repairing to Mekkeh, or because they are completed by shaving [the head], or because people continue long going to and fro to perform them: accord. to Az, it signifies the performance of the religious rites and ceremonies of the pilgrimage of one year; and some say ↓ حِجٌّ and ↓ حِجَّةٌ: (TA:) or this last signifies a single pilgrimage, for the performance of its appointed religious rites and ceremonies; deviating from rule; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) for by rule it should be ↓ حَجَّةٌ, (S, Mgh, K,) which, Th says, has not been heard from the Arabs: (Mgh, Msb:) Ks says that ↓ حَجَجْتُ حِجَّةً and رَأَيْتُ رُؤْيَةً are the only deviations from the model of فَعَلْتُ فَعْلَةً in all the language of the Arabs: but El-Athram and others are related to have said, We have not heard from the Arabs حَجَجْتُ حِجَّةً

nor رَأَيْتُ رِئْيَةً; they saying only ↓ حَجَجْتُ حَجَّةً: (L, TA:) whence it appears that ↓ حَجَّةٌ and ↓ حِجَّةٌ were both used: (TA:) the pl. of the latter is حِجَجٌ: (Mgh, Msb:) so in the saying, نَذَرَ خَمْسَ حِجَجٍ [He made a vow to perform five pilgrimages]. (Mgh.) Hence, ↓ ذُو الحِجَّةِ (S, Mgh, Msb) and ↓ ذو الحَجَّةِ, (Msb, TA,) which latter is said by Kz and 'Iyád and Ibn-Kurkool to be the more common, (TA,) [or, accord. to Fei, the contr. is the case, for he says,] some pronounce it in the latter manner, (Msb,) [The last month of the Arabian calendar;] the month of the pilgrimage; (S, Mgh, Msb;) so called because the pilgrimage to Mekkeh, and the religious rites and ceremonies thereof, are performed in it: (TA:) pl. ذَوَاتُ الحجّهِ: (S, Msb:) they did not say ذَوُو الحَجّةِ agreeably with the singular. (S.) [Hence also,] ↓ وَحَجَّةِ اللّٰهِ لَا أَفْعَلُ [By the pilgrimage which is the ordinance of God, I will not do this or that thing]: a form of oath used by the Arabs. (S, K.) What is commonly termed الحَجُّ is sometimes termed الحَجُّ الأَكْبَرُ [The greater pilgrimage]: العُمْرَةُ [q. v.] being termed الحَجَّ الأَصْغَرُ [the minor pilgrimage]. (Kull p. 168.) b2: See also حَاجٌّ.

حِجُّ: see حَجُّ, in two places: b2: and see also حَاجٌّ.

حَجَّةٌ: see حَجٌّ, in five places.

A2: Also, (IAar, K,) and ↓ حِجَّةٌ, (S, K,) the former of which is the word commonly known, (IAar in a marginal note in a copy of the S,) and ↓ حَاجَّةٌ, which is a subst. like كَاهِلٌ and غَارِبٌ, (L,) The lobe of the ear. (S, L, K.) b2: And the first, The bore, or perforation, of the lobe of the ear. (AA, TA.) b3: And A bead, or a pearl, that is hung in the ear; (K;) sometimes called ↓ حَاجَّةٌ. (IDrd, TA.) حُجَّةٌ A mode [of argument or the like] by which one overcomes in a litigation, dispute, or altercation; so called because recourse is had to it (لِأَنَّهَا تُحَجُّ, i. e. تُقْصَدُ): (T, TA:) that by which one rebuts, or refels, an adversary in a litigation, dispute, or altercation: an argument; a plea; an allegation: [it may be true or false: see Kur xlii. 15, and xlv. 24:] (TA:) a proof; an evidence; a testimony: (S, Msb, K:) [a title; a voucher: often thus used in the present day:] also applied to a person; like ثَبَتٌ; (A and Mgh and TA in art. ثبت;) [as in the saying, مَنْ حِفِظَ حُجَّةٌ عَلَى مَنْ لَمْ يَحْفَظْ He who preserves in his mind a word, or an authority, &c., is an evidence against him who does not; occurring often in the larger lexicons, expressing the superior authority of hearsay, or usage, over analogy &c.; and in the saying,] أَنْتَ حُجَّةٌ عَلَى نَفْسِكَ [Thou art an evidence against thyself]; a phrase mentioned by Akh: (S in art. بصر:) [also, an excuse:] pl. حُجَجٌ (A, Msb) and حِجَاجٌ. (TA.) حِجَّةٌ: see حَجٌّ, in four places. b2: Also A year: (S, Msb, K:) pl. حِجَجٌ. (S, A, Msb.) You say, أَقَمْتُ عِنْدَهُ حِجَّةً [I stayed at his abode a year], and ثَلَاثَ حِجَجٍ كَوَامِلَ [three complete years]. (A.) A2: See also حَجَّةٌ.

حُجُجٌ: see حَجِيجٌ, in two places: b2: and see also حَجَاجٌ.

حَجَاجٌ and ↓ حِجَاجٌ The surrounding bone of the eye, (Msb, TA,) upon [the upper part of] which grows the eyebrow; (TA;) the bone that surrounds the cavity of the eye, upon [the upper part of] which grows the hair of the eyebrow: (ISk, TA:) it is said in a trad. that a female hyena and her young ones were within the حجاج of the eye of an Amalekite: (TA:) or the [supra-orbital] bone upon which grows the hair of the eyebrow; (S, K;) the bone that projects over the cavity of the eye: (IAmb, Msb:) or the upper bone, beneath the eyebrow: (TA:) of the mase. gender: (Msb:) pl. [of pauc.] أَحِجَّةٌ (S, Msb) and [of mult.] ↓ حُجُجٌ, deviating from a general rule, accord. to which a sing. of the measure to which this belongs does not assume this form of pl. because the reduplication is disapproved: also, by poetic license, حَوَاجِجُ, contr. to rule, for حَوَاجُّ. (TA.) The expression فِى

حَجَا حَاجِبٍ ضَمْرٍ is used by poetic license for فى حَجَاجِ حاجب ضمر. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] both words also signify (tropical:) The upper limb of the disk (i. q. حَاجِب) of the sun, appearing when it begins to rise. (A, K, TA: but in the A, only the latter form of the word is given.) b3: Also, [hence,] both words, (tropical:) A side. (A, * K.) Yousay, مَرُّوا بِحِجَاجَىِ الجَبَلِ (tropical:) They passed by the two sides of the mountain. (A.) حِجَاجٌ: see the paragraph next preceding.

حَجِيجٌ A man upon whom the operation termed حَجٌّ (the probing of a fracture of the head, &c.,) has been performed; (S, L;) as also ↓ مَحْجُوجٌ. (L.) And A fracture of the head that has been medically treated, or cured: b2: and also A certain mode of medical treatment, or curing, of such a fracture. (As, TA.) b3: ↓ حُجُجٌ (pl. of حَجِيجٌ, TA) signifies Probed wounds. (K.) b4: and ↓ this same pl., Roads much furrowed [by the feet of beasts or men] (مُحَفَّرَةٌ): (L, K:) but it is uncertain whether its sing., if it have any, be حَجِيجٌ or حِجَاجٌ. (MF.) A2: Also i. q. ↓ مُحَاجٌّ as act. part. n. of حَاجَّ: so in the phrase, أَنَا حَجِيجُهُ I am he who will overcome him by arguments, or proofs, or the like: occurring in a trad. relating to Ed-Dejjál. (TA.) A3: See also حَاجٌّ.

حَجَّاجٌ A frequent performer of the pilgrimage to Mekkeh, and of the religious rites and ceremonies ordained for that occasion: the ا in this word, as in other epithets of the same measure, does not [regularly] admit of imáleh; but when it is used as a proper name, it admits this, agreeably with rule: some pronounce its ا with imáleh even when it is in the nom. or accus. case, contr. to rule. (TA.) حَاجٌّ act. part. n. of 1; Repairing, or betaking himself, to [a person or place]. (Msb.) b2: and hence, (S, Msb,) A man repairing to Mekkeh, (S, K,) or to the Kaabeh, (Msb,) to perform the religious rites and ceremonies of the pilgrimage; (S, Msb, K;) or for the purpose of the عُمْرَة: (Msb: [but see 1:]) [a pilgrim of Mekkeh; or one who has performed the pilgrimage of Mekkeh: see what follows:] as also ↓ حَاجِجٌ, (S, K,) the original form, sometimes used by poetic license: (S:) pl. حُجَّاجٌ and ↓ حَجِيجٌ (S, A, Msb, K) and حُجٌّ; (S, K;) or rather the second of these is a quasi-pl. n., a kind of noun which, as well as the coll. gen. n., is often called by the lexicographers a pl., though not so called by the grammarians: (MF:) حَاجٌّ is also used as a pl., syn. with حُجَّاجٌ, like as سَامِرٌ is with سُمَّارٌ: (Mgh:) it may be considered as a gen. n., and is sometimes a quasi-pl. n., like جَامِلٌ and بَاقِرٌ; (TA;) as is also ↓ حِجٌّ; signifying a company of pilgrims of Mekkeh; or pilgrims, collectively; (ISk, L;) and likewise ↓ حَجٌّ. (So in a marginal note in a copy of the S.) The fem. is ↓ حَاجَّةٌ: pl. حَوَاجُّ: (S, K:) you say حَوَاجُّ بَيْتِ اللّٰهِ when they have performed the pilgrimage; but when they have not yet performed it, [being in the act of performing it,] you say حَوَاجُّ بَيْتَ اللّٰهِ, in which latter case you would say حَوَاجٌّ were not this word imperfectly decl.; [and in like manner, حَاجُّ بَيْتِ اللّٰهِ, and حَاجٌّ بَيْتَ اللّٰهِ;] like as you say ضَارِبُ زَيْدٍ أَمْسِ, and ضَارِبٌ زَيْدًا غَدًا. (S.) [↓ حَاجِّىٌّ, as a n. un. of حَاجٌّ, considering the latter as a coll. gen. n., like رُومٌ, of which the n. un. is رُومِىٌّ is commonly used by the Turks and Persians as signifying a pilgrim of Mekkeh: but I have not found it so used in any classical Arabic work.] You say, أَقْبَلَ الحَاجُّ وَالدَّاجُّ The company of pilgrims to Mekkeh, and of men travelling for mercantile purposes, came. (TA. [See also art. دج.]) And وَلَا دَاجَّةً ↓ لَمْ يَتْرُكْ He left not a company of pilgrims to Mekkeh (جَمَاعَةً حَاجَّةً), nor a company of their followers, or dependents. (TA from a trad. [See also arts. دج and دوج.]) A2: Also Overcoming in [or by] an argument, or a plea, or the like. (Mgh.) حَاجَّةٌ: see حَاجٌّ, in two places: A2: and see also حَجَّةٌ, in two places.

حَاجِجٌ: see حَاجٌّ.

حَاجِّىٌّ: see حَاجٌّ.

هُوَ أَحَجُّ مِنْهُ He is one who overcomes in [or by] a حُجَّة [i. e. an argument, &c.,] more than he. (Mgh.) مَحَجَّةٌ A road, or way: (Mgh, TA:) or the middle of a road; (M, voce جَرَجَةٌ;) the beaten track, or part of a road along which one travels; (T, TA;) the main part, and middle, of a road; syn. جَادَّةٌ: (S, Msb:) pl. مَحَاجُّ. (A, TA.) b2: [Hence,] اِجْعَلِ الأَمْرَ مَحَجَّةً وَاحِدَةً (assumed tropical:) Make thou the affair, or case, [uniform, or] one uniform thing. (Fr, TA in art. بأج.) مِحْجَاجٌ A surgeon's probe. (S, A, K.) A2: A man much addicted to litigation, dispute, or altercation. (S, K.) مَحْجُوجٌ A man repaired to. (S.) A2: See also حَجِيجٌ.

A3: Also A man overcome in [or by] a حُجَّة [i. e. an argument, &c.]. (A, * Mgh.) مُحَاجٌّ: see حَجِيجٌ.

ضَرْبٌ مُحَجْحِجٌ A blow that is feeble, and falling short. (IAar, TA.)

حس

1 حَسڤ3َحَسَّ, (first Pers\. حَسِسْتُ, or حَسَسْتُ, and حَسِيتُ, and حَسَيْتُ, and حَسْتُ,) as syn. with

أَحَسَّ: see 4, throughout. b2: حَسَّ لَهُ, first Pers\.

حَسَسْتُ, aor. ـِ (S, K;) and first Pers\. حَسِسْتُ, [aor. ـَ (Yaakoob, S, K;) inf. n. حِسٌّ (S, K) and حَسٌّ, (K,) or the latter is inf. n. of both verbs, but the former is a simple subst., (TA,) He was, or became, tender, or compassionate, towards him: (S, K:) [lit., he felt for him:] ISd says that, for رَقَقْتُ لَهُ, the explanation of حسستُ له, he found in the book of Kr the verb written with ف and ق; but that the former [?] is the right: (TA:) or he lamented for him; (Aboo-Málik, TA;) as also لَهُ ↓ حَسْحَسَ. (K, * TA.) The Arabs say, إِنَّ العَامِرِىَّ لَيَحِسُّ لِلسَّعْدِىِّ Verily the 'Ámiree is tender, or compassionate, towards the Saadee; because of the relationship that subsists between them. (TA.) And Abu-l-Jarráh El-'Okeylee said, مَارَأَيْتُ عُقَيْلِيًّا إِلَّا حَسَسْتُ لَهُ I have not seen an 'Okeylee without my feeling tenderness, or compassion, towards him; (S, TA;) for the same reason. (TA.) [See حَاسَّةٌ, second signification.]

A2: حَسَّهُ, [aor. ـُ inf. n. حَسٌّ,] He made his حِسّ [i. e. sound, or motion,] to cease. (Bd in iii. 145.) b2: Hence, (Bd, ubi suprà,) حَسَّهُمْ, aor. ـُ (S, A, Bd, Msb,) inf. n. حَسٌّ, (Msb, K,) [and app., accord. to Fr, حِسٌّ, or this may be a simple subst.,] He slew them: (Bd, Msb, K:) and extirpated them: (K:) or he slew them quickly: (A, TA:) or he extirpated them by slaughter: (Aboo-Is-hák, S:) or he slew them with a quick and extirpating slaughter: or with a vehement slaughter: (TA:) it occurs in the Kur iii. 145: (S, A:) accord. to Fr, حِسٌّ, [so in the TA,] in this instance, is the act of slaying and destroying. (TA.) [Hence, حُسَّ app. signifies It was utterly destroyed, so that nothing was left in the place thereof; and so ↓ احتسّ; for it is said that] حِسٌّ and اِحْتِسَاسٌ, with respect to anything, signify أَنْ لَا يُتْرَكَ فِى

المَكَانِ شَىْءٌ. (TA.) Also حَسَّهُمْ, aor. as above, He trod them under foot, and despised them. (TA.) And حَسَّ البَرْدُ الجَرَادَ The cold killed the locusts. (S.) b3: [Hence,] الجَرَادُ تَحُسُّ الأَرْضَ The locusts eat the herbage of the land. (TA.) and حَسَّ البَرْدُ الكَلَأَ, (S, K,) or الزَّرْعَ, (A,) aor. ـُ (S, TA,) inf. n. حَسٌّ, (TA,) (tropical:) The cold nipped, shrunk, shrivelled, or blasted, (lit., burned, أَحْرَقَ, q. v.,) the herbage, (S, K,) or the seed-produce. (A.) A3: حَسَّ الدَّابَّةَ, (S, TA,) or حَسَّهَا بِالمِحَسَّةِ, (A,) aor. ـُ (S,) inf. n. حَسٌّ, (S, K,) (tropical:) He curried the beast; removed the dust from it with the مِحَسَّة. (S, A, K, TA.) [See a proverb, voce حَشَّ.] Hence the saying of Zeyd Ibn-Soohán, on the day of the battle of the Camel, when he was carried off from the field, about to die, اِدْفِنُونِى فِى ثِيَابِى وَلَا تَحُسُّوا عَنِّى تُرَابًا (tropical:) [Bury ye me in my clothes, and] shake not off any dust from me. (S, TA.) 2 حَسَّسْتُ الشَّىْءَ [a mistake in the CK for حَسَسْتُ]: see 4.4 احسّ الشَّىْءَ, (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. إِحْسَاسٌ, (Msb,) He perceived, or became sensible of, (وَجَدَ,) the حِسّ (i. e. motion or sound, TA) of the thing: (S, K, TA:) he knew the thing by means of [any of] the senses: (IAth, accord. to his explanation of الإِحْسَاسُ as signifying العِلْمُ بِالحَوَاسِّ:) he ascertained the thing as one ascertains a thing that is perceived by the senses: (Bd in iii. 45:) he knew the thing; or he perceived it by means of any of the senses; syn. عَلِمَ بِهِ, (Msb,) and عَلِمَهُ, and عَرَفَهُ, and شَعَرَ بِهِ; (TA;) as also ↓ حَسَّهُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. حَسٌّ and حِسٌّ and حَسِيسٌ; (TA, in explanation of the saying in the K that حَسَسْتُ الشَّىْءَ [in the CK erroneously ↓ حَسَّسْتُ] signifies the same as أَحْسَسْتُهُ;) and in like manner احسّ بِهِ is syn. with شَعَرَ بِهِ; (L, Msb;) and so is بِهِ ↓ حَسَّ, aor. ـُ inf. n. حِسٌّ (L, Msb) and حَسٌّ and حَسِيسٌ; (L;) or حِسٌّ is a simple subst.: (M, L:) accord. to Fr, إِحْسَاسٌ is syn. with وُجُودٌ; and Zj says that the meaning of احسّ is عَلِمَ and وَجَدَ: (TA:) or احسّ signifies he perceived, or became sensible of; syn. وَجَدَ: and he thought, or opined: (Akh, S, K:) and he saw; syn. أَبْصَرَ: and he knew: (K:) and is trans. in these senses by itself, (Akh, S,) or by means of بِ: (TA:) and أَحْسَسْتُ بِهِ signifies I knew it certainly; was certain, or sure, of it; (S;) as also به ↓ حَسِسْتُ, (S, K,) with kesr; (K;) speaking of news, or tidings: (S:) and for أَحْسَسْتُ, some say أَحْسَيْتُ, (S, Msb, K,) changing the [second] س into ى; (S, Msb;) and أَحَسْتُ, (T, S, L, K,) with a single س, which is an extr. kind of contraction, (S, K,) but made in all other similar cases, where the last radical letter is quiescent; (Sb, L, TA;) and [thus] for أَحْسَسْنَ, we find أَحَسْنَ; (S;) and in like manner, for ↓ حَسِسْتُ, (S, K,) or ↓ حَسَسْتُ, (Msb,) some say حَسِيتُ, (T, S, M, L,) and حَسَّيْتُ, (M, L, Msb, K, [in the CK حَسْتُ, which is the modern vulgar form,]) and حَسْتُ. (Abu-l-Hasan, IAar, T, M, L.) You say, احسّهُ بِعَيْنِهِ [He perceived him, or it, with his eye]; (Ibn-Zekereeyà, TA in art. جس;) and so ↓ حَسَّهُ. (Sgh, TA ibid.) [In the present art. in the TA, it is said that حَسَّهُ بالنصل is syn. with أَحَسَّهُ: but بالنّصل is evidently a mistranscription for بِالبَصَرِ.] And it is said in the Kur [iii. 45], فَلَمَّا أَحَسَّ عِيسَى مِنْهُمُ الكُفْرَ And when Jesus ascertained their unbelief as one ascertains a thing that is perceived by the senses: (Bd:) or opined it; or perceived it, or became sensible of it: (Akh, S:) or saw it: (Lh, TA:) or knew it, or perceived it sensibly. (Msb.) And in the same [xix. last verse], هَلْ تُحِسُّ مِنْهُمْ مِنْ أَحَدٍ Dost thou see of them any one? (TA.) You say also, هَلْ أَحْسَسْتَ الخَبَرَ Hast thou known the news? (TA.) And أَحْسَسْتُ بِالخَبَرِ, and أَحْسَيْتُ بِهِ, and به ↓ حَسِسْتُ, and حَسِيتُ به, I knew the news certainly. (S.) And أَحْسَسْتُ الخَبَرَ, and أَحَسْتُهُ, and ↓ حَسِيتُهُ, and حَسْتُهُ, I knew somewhat of the news. (T, L, TA.) And مَا أَحْسَسْتُ بِاخَبَرِ, and اَحَسْتُ بِه. مَا, and به ↓ ما حَسِيتُ, and ما حَسْتُ, I knew not aught of the news. (T, L, TA.) 5 تحسّس He listened to the discourse of people: (El-Harbee, K:) accord. to Aboo-Mo'ádh, it is (??) to تَسَمَّعَ and تَبَصَّرَ: (TA:) or he sought repeatedly, or time after time, to know a thing, by the sense (الحاسة) [of hearing &c.]: (Har p. 678:) or (so accord. to the TA, but in the K “ and,”) he sought after, (Msb, K.) or sought after repeatedly, or time after time, (Msb,) news, or tidings, of a people, in a good cause; (K;) تجسّس signifying the doing the same in an evil cause: A'Obeyd says, you say, تَحَسَّسْتُ الخَبَرَ and تَجَسَّسْتُهُ; and Sh says that تَنَدَّسْتُهُ is similar to it; and IAar, that تَحَسَّسْتُ الخَبَرَ and تَبَجَّسْتُهُ [but this is app. a mistranscription for تَبَحَّثْتُهُ] signify the same. (TA.) You say also, تحسّس مِنَ الشَّيْءِ He asked, or inquired, after news, or tidings, of the thing. (S, TA.) And تحسّس فُلَانًا, and مِنْ فُلَانٍ, He inquired, or sought for information, respecting such a one; as also تجسّس: or the former signifies he sought after him for himself; and the latter, “he sought after him for another. ” (TA, art. جس.) The passage in which it occurs in the Kur xii. 87, has been differently interpreted, accord. to the several explanations here given. (TA.) A2: See also 7.7 انحسّ (assumed tropical:) It became pulled out or up or off; became eradicated, or displaced; fell, or came, out; syn. اِنْقَلَعَ: (S, K:) it fell; fell off; or fell continuously, by degrees, or one part after another; syn. تَحَاتَّ, (S, K,) and تَسَاقَطَ: (A, TA:) it broke in pieces: (TA:) said by Az to be a dial. var. of انْحَتَّ. (TA.) You say, انحسّت

أَسْنَانُهُ (S, TA) (tropical:) His teeth fell, or came, out, (انقلعت,) and broke in pieces. (TA.) and اِنحسّ شَعَرُهُ (tropical:) His hair fell off continuously. (A.) And in like manner, أَوْبَارُ الإِبِلِ ↓ تَحَسَّسَتْ, (TA,) and ↓ تَحَسْحَسَتْ, (K, TA,) (tropical:) The fur of the camels fell off continuously, and became scattered. (K, * TA.) 8 احتسّ: see حَسَّهُ.

R. Q. 1 حَسْحَسَ لَهُ: see حَسَّ لَهُ.

R. Q. 2 تَحَسْحَسَتْ أَوْبَارُ الإِبِلِ: see 7.

حِسٌّ [accord. to some, a subst. from 1, q. v., in several senses explained above; but accord. to others, an inf. n. As a simple subst., it is often used as syn. with حَاسَّةٌ in the first of the senses assigned to the latter below; i. e., A sense; a faculty of sense; as, for instance, in the K in art. سمع. b2: Hence الحِسُّ المُشْتَرَكُ: see art. شرك].

A2: A sound: (K:) or a low, faint, gentle, or soft, sound; as also ↓ حَسِيسٌ: (S, Mgh, Msb, TA:) [in the present day it often signifies the voice of a man or woman; and particularly when soft:] a plaintive voice or sound, in singing or weeping, and such as that of a lute; syn. رَنَّهٌ: (TA:) or ↓ حَسِيسٌ, [or both,] the sound by which a thing is perceived: (Bd in xxi. 102:) and the former, motion: (K:) and the passing of anything near by one, so that he hears it without seeing it; as also ↓ حَسِيسٌ. (K TA.) It is said in the Kur [xxi. 102], ↓ لَا يَسْمَعُونَ حَسِيسَهَا They shall not hear its low sound: (S:) [meaning, that of hellfire:] or the sound by which it shall be perceived: (Bd:) or the motion of its flaming. (TA.) and in a trad., فَسَمِعَ حِسَّ حَيَّةٍ And he heard the motion, and the sound of the passing along, of a serpent. (TA.) And you say, مَا سَمِعَ لَهُ حِسًّا وَلَا جِرْسًا He heard not any motion, nor any sound, of him, or it. (TA.) It may refer to a man and to other things; as, for instance, wind. (TA.) A3: A pain which attacks a woman after childbirth, (S, A, K,) in the womb: (A:) or the pain of childbirth, when the latter is [first] felt: but the former meaning is confirmed by a trad. (TA.) b2: حشسُّ الحُمَّى The commencement of fever, when the latter is [first] felt; (TA;) as also ↓ حِسَاسُهَا: (Lh, TA:) or حِسٌّ signifies a touch, or slight affection, of fever, at its very commencement. (TA.) A4: Cold that nips, shrinks, shrivels, or blasts, (lit., burns, يُحْرقُ, for which, in the TA, is substituted يَقْطَعُ,) the herbage. (S, K.) [See also حَاسَّةٌ.]

حَسَاسٌ, with fet-h, Perception by means of any of the senses; syn. وُجُودٌ. (L, TA.) Hence the proverb, لَا حَسَاسَ مِنِ ابْنَىْ مَوْقِدٍ [There is no perceiving of the two sons of the place of the kindling of fire]: (L, TA:) for they say that two men used to kindle a fire in a road, and, when people passed by them, to entertain them as guests; and a party passing by when they had gone, a man said these words. (L.) And hence the saying, ذَهَبَ فُلَانٌ فَلَا حَسَاسَ بِهِ Such a one has gone, and there is no perceiving him: or there is no perceiving his place. (TA.) حِسَاسُ الحُمَّى: see حِسٌّ.

سَنَةٌ حَسُوسٌ A year of severe sterility and drought; (S, K; *) in which is little good fortune; (TA;) as also ↓ حَاسُوسٌ: (K:) or a year that consumes everything. (TA.) حَسِيسٌ: see حِسٌّ, in four places.

A2: Slain; killed. (S, Msb.) حِسِّىٌّ [Relating to sense; sensible, or perceptible by sense;] opposed to مَعْنَوِيٌّ. (Kull p. 101 &c.) حَسَّاسٌ Having strong perception: an epithet applied in this sense to the devil. (TA.) b2: رَجُلٌ حَسَّاسٌ للْأَخْبَارِ A man having much knowledge of news. (Msb.) b3: القُوَّةُ الحَسَّاسَةٌ [The sensitive faculty]. (Er-Rághib, TA in art. حى.) حَاسُوسٌ One who searches for news or tidings; (TA;) like جَاسُوسٌ: (K, TA:) or the former relates to good, and the latter to evil. (K, TA.) A2: Unfortunate; unlucky; (IAar, K;) as also ↓ مَحْسُوسٌ; (Lh, TA;) applied to a man. (IAar, K.) b2: See also حَسُوسٌ.

حَاسَّةٌ sing. of حَوَاسُّ, (A, Msb, K,) which signifies The five senses; (S, Msb;) the hearing, the sight, the smell, the taste, and the touch: (S, Msb, K:) these are the external: the internal are also five; but authors disagree respecting the seats thereof. (TA.) [See also حِسٌّ.] b2: [A feeling; as in the saying,] أَطَّتْ لَهُ مِنِّى حَاسَّةُ رَحِمٍ [A feel-ling of relationship, or consanguinity, pleaded for him on my part]. (Aboo-Málik, TA.) b3: [An organ of sense; as when you say,] العَيْنُ حَاسَّةُ الرُّؤْيَةِ [العين is the organ of the sense of sight]. (S in art. عين.) A2: [حَاسَّةٌ also signifies (assumed tropical:) A thing that destroys, consumes, or injures, herbage or the like. Hence,] حَوَاسٌ الأَرْضِ Cold and hail [in one copy of the S heat] and wind and locusts and the beasts [that pasture]: (S, K:) these also being five. (S.) You say, أَصَابَتِ الأَرْضَ حَاسَّةٌ (assumed tropical:) Cold smote the land: (Lh, TA:) the ة is to denote intensiveness. (TA.) [See also حِسٌّ, last signification.] And أَصَابَتْهُمْ حَاسَّةٌ (tropical:) Injury befell them (S, TA) from cold (S, A, TA) or some other cause. (S.) حَاسَّةٌ also signifies (assumed tropical:) Wind that removes the dust into the pools of water left by torrents, and fills them, so that the moist earth dries up. (AHn, TA.) And (assumed tropical:) Locusts eating the herbage of the land. (TA.) You say also, مَرَّتْ بِالقَوْمِ حَوَاسُّ, meaning (assumed tropical:) Severe years passed over the people. (Lh, TA.) البَرْدُ مَحَسَّةٌ لِلْكَلَأ, (S, TA,) and لِلنَّبَاتِ, (A, TA,) (tropical:) The cold is a cause of nipping, shrinking, shrivelling, or blasting, (lit., of burning, see 1,) to the herbage. (S, TA.) مِحَسَّةٌ (tropical:) A currycomb; syn. فِرْجَونٌ; (S, A, * K;) it is an instrument of iron, having teeth like the مُشْط. (TA in art. نمص.) مَحْسُوسٌ pass. part. n. of 1, q. v. b2: [As a subst. it means A thing perceived by any of the senses; an object of sense: pl. مَحْسُوسَاتٌ.] b3: الطَّرِيقُ المَحْسُوسَةُ [lit., The way that is sensibly perceived; app., the milky way in the sky: or] the tract in the sky along which (مِنْهَا) the [wandering] stars [or planets] take their courses. (TA voce المَجَرَّةُ.) A2: أَرْضٌ مَحْسُوسَةٌ (assumed tropical:) Land smitten by locusts. (TA.) A3: See also حَاسُوسٌ.

ولي

وَلِيَ
a. [ يَلِي] (n. ac.
وَلْي)
see supra
(a)b.(n. ac. وَلَاْيَة
وِلَاْيَة) [acc.
or
'Ala], Was set over; ruled, governed, swayed.
c.(n. ac. وَلَآء [] وَلَاْيَة), Was the friend of; befriended, helped; leagued with.
d. [acc.
or
'Ala], Defended, protected, championed.
e. [pass.
وُلِيَ ], Was watered by early rain
(land).
وَلَّيَa. Made ruler &c. over, set over; intrusted, charged
with; nominated, appointed to.
b. [acc.
or
'An], Turned from; turned ( the back ); fled
from.
c. Placed behind ( his back ).
d. Dried up (dates).
وَاْلَيَ
a. [acc.]
see (وَلِيَ) (c), (d).
c. [acc.
or
Bain], Continued, pursued, proceeded with; did
simultaneously; combined.
d. Separated (sheep).
أَوْلَيَa. see II (a)b. [acc. & 'Ala], Made guardian of (orphan).
c. Conferred, bestowed upon ( a favour ).
d. Brought, drew near; made to approach.
e. Tied (water-skin).
تَوَلَّيَa. Was charged, intrusted with; was invested with; ruled
governed, administered; managed.
b. [acc. & Bi], Subdued by.
c. ['An], Turned, fled from; discontinued.
d. ['Ala], Assumed authority over.
e. Made a friend of.

تَوَاْلَيَa. Followed, succeeded each other; was continuous.
b. see II (d)
إِسْتَوْلَيَ
a. ['Ala], Mastered; dominated; gained possession of;
domineered over.
b. ['Ala], Hit ( the mark ).
وَلْيa. Nearness, proximity; contiguity; adjacency.
b. Near, adjacent; contiguous.
c. Neighbour.
d. Early rain.

وَلَوِيّ []
a. Showery.

أَوْلَى [] (pl.
أَوْلُوْنأَوَالٍ [] )
a. [Bi], Worthier of; fitter for; nearer to.
أَوْلَوِيّ []
a. see 14
مَوْلًى [] (pl.
مَوَالِي [] )
a. Lord, master.
b. Protector, defender; champion; patron.
c. Friend, companion.
d. Ally, partisan, adherent.
e. Relative, kinsman: son-in-law; uncle &c.
f. Freedman.
g. Neighbour.
h. Servant; slave; dependant.

وَالٍ (pl.
وُلَاة [] )
a. Governor; prefect; ruler; regent.

وَلَآء []
a. Relationship, kinship; consanguinity;
propinquity.
b. Relatives, kindred.
c. Government, rule, prefecture, prefectship.
d. Right of succession to the inheritance of a
freedman.
e. Help; friendship.
f. see 1 (a)
وَلَآءَة []
a. see 22t (a)
وَلَايَة []
a. Province, government, jurisdiction; country;
district.
b. see 22 (a) (d), (e).
وِلَآء []
a. see 1 (a)b. Continuity; consecutiveness.

وِلَايَة []
a. Government, administration; governorship; authority
supremacy, sway; sovereignty.
c. see 22 (a) (c), (e) &
وَلَاْيَة
(a).
وَلِيّ [] (pl.
أَوْلِيَآء [] )
a. Beloved; friend; favourite.
b. Benefactor; patron.
c. see 17 (a) (b), (c), (d).
g. Client; protégé.
h. see 1 (b)i. ( pl.

أَوْلِيَة [] )
a. see 1 (c)j. [ coll. ], Saint.
وَلِيَّة []
a. fem. of
وَلِيّb. ( pl.
reg.
& وَلَايَا )
Saddle-cloth, cushion.
c. Portion of food set apart for a guest.
d. see 22t (a)
مَوْلِيّ [ N. P.
a. I], مَوْلِيَّة Minor
ward.
تَوْلِيَة [ N.
Ac.
a. II], Investiture, nomination, appointment.
b. Cession, transfer of a purchase.
مُوَالٍ [ N. Ag.
a. III ], (pl.
مُوَالُوْن), Helper, aider.
b. see 17 (b)
مُتَوَلٍّ [ N.
Ag.
a. V], Governor, ruler.

تَوَلٍّ [ N. Ac.
a. V], Authority, jurisdiction.
b. Nearness.

مُتَوَالٍ [ N.
Ag.
a. VI], Successive, consecutive, continuous.
b. (pl.
مَتَاوِلَة), Shiite.
تَوَالٍ [ N. Ac.
a. VI]
see 23 (b)
وُلْيَا (pl.
وُلًى [ ]a. وُلْيَيَات ), fem. of
أَوْلَيُ
(a).
مَوْلَاة
a. Lady, mistress.

مَوْلَوِيّ
a. Supreme; sovereign.

مَوْلَوِيَّة
a. Supremacy, lordship, suzerainty; seigniory.

وَليّ اللّٰه
a. The friend of God.

وَلِيّ العَهْد
a. The heir apparent.

وَلِيّ النِّعَم
a. Recipient of favours.

دَار وَلِيَّة
a. Next door.

وِلَآءً
a. علَى وِلَآءٍ Consecutively, one
after another.
أَوْلَى لَهُ
a. Woe betide him !

هُمْ وَلَآء
a. They are related.

هُمْ عَلَىَّ وَلَايَة
وَاحِدَة
a. They are in league against me.

مَا أَوْلَاهُ مَعْرُوْفًا
a. How benevolent he is !

(و ل ي) : (الْمَوْلَى) عَلَى وُجُوهٍ ابْنُ الْعَمِّ وَالْعَصَبَةُ كُلُّهَا وَمِنْهُ {وَإِنِّي خِفْتُ الْمَوَالِيَ مِنْ وَرَائِي} [مريم: 5] (وَالرَّبُّ وَالْمَالِكُ) فِي قَوْله تَعَالَى {ثُمَّ رُدُّوا إِلَى اللَّهِ مَوْلاهُمُ الْحَقِّ} [الأنعام: 62] وَفِي مَعْنَاهُ الْوَلِيُّ وَمِنْهُ «أَيُّمَا امْرَأَةٍ نَكَحَتْ بِغَيْرِ إذْنِ وَلِيِّهَا» وَيُرْوَى مَوْلَاهَا (وَالنَّاصِرُ) فِي قَوْله تَعَالَى {ذَلِكَ بِأَنَّ اللَّهَ مَوْلَى الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَأَنَّ الْكَافِرِينَ لا مَوْلَى لَهُمْ} [محمد: 11] (وَالْحَلِيفُ) وَهُوَ الَّذِي يُقَالُ لَهُ مَوْلَى الْمُوَالَاةِ قَالَ
مَوَالِيَ حِلْفٍ لَا مَوَالِي قَرَابَةٍ
(وَالْمُعْتِقُ) وَهُوَ مَوْلَى النِّعْمَةِ (وَالْمُعْتَقُ) فِي قَوْلِهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ - «مَوْلَى الْقَوْمِ مِنْ أَنْفُسِهِمْ» يَعْنِي مَوَالِيَ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ فِي حُرْمَةِ الصَّدَقَةِ عَلَيْهِمْ وَهُوَ مَفْعَلٌ مِنْ الْوَلْيِ بِمَعْنَى الْقُرْبِ وَعَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عِيسَى (الْوَلِيُّ) حُصُولُ الثَّانِي بَعْدَ الْأَوَّلِ مِنْ غَيْرِ فَصْلٍ فَالْأَوَّلُ يَلِيهِ الثَّانِي وَالثَّانِي يَلِيهِ الثَّالِثُ وَيُقَالُ وَلِيَ الشَّيْءُ الشَّيْءَ يَلِيهِ وَلْيًا وَمِنْهُ «لِيَلِنِي أُولُو الْأَحْلَامِ» وَيُقَالُ (وَلِيَ) الْأَمْرَ (وَتَوَلَّاهُ) إذَا فَعَلَهُ بِنَفْسِهِ وَمِنْهُ قَوْلُهُ فِي بَابِ الشَّهِيدِ لُوا أَخَاكُمْ أَيْ تَوَلَّوْا أَمْرَهُ مَنْ التَّجْهِيزِ (وَوَلِيُّ الْيَتِيمِ) أَوْ الْقَتِيلِ وَوَالِي الْبَلَدِ أَيْ مَالِكُ أَمْرِهِمَا وَمَصْدَرُهُمَا الْوِلَايَةُ بِالْكَسْرِ (وَالْوَلَايَةُ) بِالْفَتْحِ النُّصْرَةُ وَالْمَحَبَّةُ وَكَذَا الْوَلَاءُ إلَّا أَنَّهُ اخْتَصَّ فِي الشَّرْعِ بِوَلَاءِ الْعِتْقِ وَوَلَاءِ الْمُوَالَاةِ وَأَمَّا قَوْلُهُمْ هُمْ (وَلَاءٌ) أَيْ مُوَالُونَ فَعَلَى حَذْفِ الْمُضَافِ أَوْ وَصْفٍ بِالْمَصْدَرِ (وَالتَّوْلِيَةُ) أَنْ تَجْعَلَهُ وَالِيًا وَمِنْهَا بَيْعُ التَّوْلِيَةِ (وَالْمُوَالَاةُ الْمُحَامَاةُ) وَالْمُحَابَّةُ وَالْمُتَابَعَةُ أَيْضًا (وَالْوِلَاءُ) بِالْكَسْرِ فِي مَعْنَاهَا يُقَالُ وَالَى الْكُتُبَ فَتَوَالَتْ أَيْ تَتَابَعَتْ وَتَمَامُ تَقْرِيرِ الْكَلِمَةِ اشْتِقَاقًا وَتَصْرِيفًا فِي مَكْتُوبِنَا الْمَوْسُومِ بِرِسَالَةِ الْمَوْلَى وَاَلَّذِي هُوَ الْأَهَمُّ فِيمَا نَحْنُ فِيهِ أَنَّ الْمَوَالِيَ بِمَعْنَى الْعُتَقَاءِ لَمَّا كَانَتْ غَيْرَ عَرَبٍ فِي الْأَكْثَرِ غَلَبَتْ عَلَى الْعَجَمِ حَتَّى قَالُوا الْمَوَالِي أَكْفَاءٌ بَعْضُهَا لِبَعْضٍ وَالْعَرَبُ أَكْفَاءٌ بَعْضُهَا لِبَعْضٍ وَقَالَ عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ فِي الْحَسَنِ الْبَصْرِيِّ أَمَوْلًى هُوَ أَمْ عَرَبِيٌّ فَاسْتَعْمَلُوهَا اسْتِعْمَالَ الِاسْمَيْنِ الْمُتَقَابِلَيْنِ (رِبَاطُ وَلِيَانَ) فِي ظَاهِرِ بُخَارَى وَأَصْلُ الْيَاءِ فِيهَا مُشَدَّدَةٌ.

ولي
الوَلَاءُ والتَّوَالِي: أن يَحْصُلَ شيئان فصاعدا حصولا ليس بينهما ما ليس منهما، ويستعار ذلك للقرب من حيث المكان، ومن حيث النّسبة، ومن حيث الدّين، ومن حيث الصّداقة والنّصرة والاعتقاد، والوِلَايَةُ النُّصْرةُ ، والوَلَايَةُ: تَوَلِّي الأمرِ، وقيل: الوِلَايَةُ والوَلَايَةُ نحو: الدِّلَالة والدَّلَالة، وحقيقته: تَوَلِّي الأمرِ. والوَلِيُّ والمَوْلَى يستعملان في ذلك كلُّ واحدٍ منهما يقال في معنى الفاعل. أي: المُوَالِي، وفي معنى المفعول. أي: المُوَالَى، يقال للمؤمن: هو وَلِيُّ اللهِ عزّ وجلّ ولم يرد مَوْلَاهُ، وقد يقال: اللهُ تعالى وَلِيُّ المؤمنين ومَوْلَاهُمْ، فمِنَ الأوَّل قال الله تعالى: اللَّهُ وَلِيُّ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا [البقرة/ 257] ، إِنَّ وَلِيِّيَ اللَّهُ
[الأعراف/ 196] ، وَاللَّهُ وَلِيُّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ [آل عمران/ 68] ، ذلِكَ بِأَنَّ اللَّهَ مَوْلَى الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا
[محمد/ 11] ، نِعْمَ الْمَوْلى وَنِعْمَ النَّصِيرُ
[الأنفال/ 40] ، وَاعْتَصِمُوا بِاللَّهِ هُوَ مَوْلاكُمْ فَنِعْمَ الْمَوْلى
[الحج/ 78] ، قال عزّ وجلّ: قُلْ يا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ هادُوا إِنْ زَعَمْتُمْ أَنَّكُمْ أَوْلِياءُ لِلَّهِ مِنْ دُونِ النَّاسِ
[الجمعة/ 6] ، وَإِنْ تَظاهَرا عَلَيْهِ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ مَوْلاهُ
[التحريم/ 4] ، ثُمَّ رُدُّوا إِلَى اللَّهِ مَوْلاهُمُ الْحَقِ
[الأنعام/ 62] والوالِي الذي في قوله: وَما لَهُمْ مِنْ دُونِهِ مِنْ والٍ
[الرعد/ 11] بمعنى الوَلِيِّ، ونفى الله تعالى الوَلَايَةَ بين المؤمنين والكافرين في غير آية، فقال: يا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لا تَتَّخِذُوا الْيَهُودَ إلى قوله: وَمَنْ يَتَوَلَّهُمْ مِنْكُمْ فَإِنَّهُ مِنْهُمْ
[المائدة/ 51] ، لا تَتَّخِذُوا آباءَكُمْ وَإِخْوانَكُمْ أَوْلِياءَ
[التوبة/ 23] ، وَلا تَتَّبِعُوا مِنْ دُونِهِ أَوْلِياءَ
[الأعراف/ 3] ، ما لَكُمْ مِنْ وَلايَتِهِمْ مِنْ شَيْءٍ
[الأنفال/ 72] ، يا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لا تَتَّخِذُوا عَدُوِّي وَعَدُوَّكُمْ أَوْلِياءَ [الممتحنة/ 1] ، تَرى كَثِيراً مِنْهُمْ يَتَوَلَّوْنَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا
إلى قوله: وَلَوْ كانُوا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَالنَّبِيِّ وَما أُنْزِلَ إِلَيْهِ مَا اتَّخَذُوهُمْ أَوْلِياءَ [المائدة/ 80- 81] وجعل بين الكافرين والشّياطين مُوَالاةً في الدّنيا، ونفى بينهم المُوَالاةَ في الآخرة، قال الله تعالى في المُوَالاةُ بينهم في الدّنيا: الْمُنافِقُونَ وَالْمُنافِقاتُ بَعْضُهُمْ مِنْ بَعْضٍ [التوبة/ 67] وقال: إِنَّهُمُ اتَّخَذُوا الشَّياطِينَ أَوْلِياءَ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ
[الأعراف/ 30] ، إِنَّا جَعَلْنَا الشَّياطِينَ أَوْلِياءَ لِلَّذِينَ لا يُؤْمِنُونَ [الأعراف/ 27] ، فَقاتِلُوا أَوْلِياءَ الشَّيْطانِ [النساء/ 76] فكما جعل بينهم وبين الشّيطان مُوَالاةً جعل للشّيطان في الدّنيا عليهم سلطانا فقال: إِنَّما سُلْطانُهُ عَلَى الَّذِينَ يَتَوَلَّوْنَهُ
[النحل/ 100] ونفى المُوَالاةَ بينهم في الآخرة، فقال في مُوَالاةِ الكفارِ بعضهم بعضا: يَوْمَ لا يُغْنِي مَوْلًى عَنْ مَوْلًى شَيْئاً
[الدخان/ 41] ، ثُمَّ يَوْمَ الْقِيامَةِ يَكْفُرُ بَعْضُكُمْ بِبَعْضٍ [العنكبوت/ 25] ، قالَ الَّذِينَ حَقَّ عَلَيْهِمُ الْقَوْلُ رَبَّنا هؤُلاءِ الَّذِينَ أَغْوَيْنا الآية [القصص/ 63] ، وقولهم تَوَلَّى إذا عدّي بنفسه اقتضى معنى الوَلَايَةِ، وحصوله في أقرب المواضع منه يقال: وَلَّيْتُ سمعي كذا، ووَلَّيْتُ عيني كذا، ووَلَّيْتُ وجهي كذا: أقبلت به عليه، قال الله عزّ وجلّ: فَلَنُوَلِّيَنَّكَ قِبْلَةً تَرْضاها
[البقرة/ 144] ، فَوَلِّ وَجْهَكَ شَطْرَ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرامِ وَحَيْثُ ما كُنْتُمْ فَوَلُّوا وُجُوهَكُمْ شَطْرَهُ
[البقرة/ 144] وإذا عدّي ب (عن) لفظا أو تقديرا اقتضى معنى الإعراض وترك قربه. فمن الأوّل قوله: وَمَنْ يَتَوَلَّهُمْ مِنْكُمْ فَإِنَّهُ مِنْهُمْ
[المائدة/ 51] ، وَمَنْ يَتَوَلَّ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ
[المائدة/ 56] . ومن الثاني قوله: فَإِنْ تَوَلَّوْا فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَلِيمٌ بِالْمُفْسِدِينَ
[آل عمران/ 63] ، إِلَّا مَنْ تَوَلَّى وَكَفَرَ
[الغاشية/ 23] ، فَإِنْ تَوَلَّوْا فَقُولُوا اشْهَدُوا
[آل عمران/ 64] ، وَإِنْ تَتَوَلَّوْا يَسْتَبْدِلْ قَوْماً غَيْرَكُمْ
[محمد/ 38] ، فَإِنْ تَوَلَّيْتُمْ فَإِنَّما عَلى رَسُولِنَا الْبَلاغُ الْمُبِينُ
[التغابن/ 12] ، وَإِنْ تَوَلَّوْا فَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّ اللَّهَ مَوْلاكُمْ
[الأنفال/ 40] ، فَمَنْ تَوَلَّى بَعْدَ ذلِكَ فَأُولئِكَ هُمُ الْفاسِقُونَ
[آل عمران/ 82] والتَّوَلِّي قد يكون بالجسم، وقد يكون بترك الإصغاء والائتمار، قال الله عزّ وجلّ: وَلا تَوَلَّوْا عَنْهُ وَأَنْتُمْ تَسْمَعُونَ
[الأنفال/ 20] أي:
لا تفعلوا ما فعل الموصوفون بقوله: وَاسْتَغْشَوْا ثِيابَهُمْ وَأَصَرُّوا وَاسْتَكْبَرُوا اسْتِكْباراً [نوح/ 7] ولا ترتسموا قولَ من ذُكِرَ عنهم: وَقالَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا لا تَسْمَعُوا لِهذَا الْقُرْآنِ وَالْغَوْا فِيهِ [فصلت/ 26] ويقال: وَلَّاهُ دُبُرَهُ: إذا انهزم.
وقال تعالى: وَإِنْ يُقاتِلُوكُمْ يُوَلُّوكُمُ الْأَدْبارَ
[آل عمران/ 111] ، وَمَنْ يُوَلِّهِمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ دُبُرَهُ
[الأنفال/ 16] ، وقوله: فَهَبْ لِي مِنْ لَدُنْكَ وَلِيًّا
[مريم/ 5] أي: ابنا يكون من أَوْلِيَائِكَ، وقوله: خِفْتُ الْمَوالِيَ مِنْ وَرائِي
[مريم/ 5] قيل: ابن العمّ، وقيل مَوَالِيهَ. وقوله: وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ وَلِيٌّ مِنَ الذُّلِ
[الإسراء/ 111] ، فيه نفي الوَلِيِّ بقوله عزّ وجلّ: مِنَ الذُّلِّ إذ كان صالحو عباده هم أَوْلِيَاءُ اللهِ كما تقدم لكن مُوَالاتُهُمْ ليستولي هو تعالى بهم، وقوله: وَمَنْ يُضْلِلْ فَلَنْ تَجِدَ لَهُ وَلِيًّا
[الكهف/ 17] ، والوَلِيُّ:
المطرُ الذي يَلِي الوَسْمِيَّ، والمَوْلَى يقال للمعتِقِ، والمعتَقِ، والحليفِ، وابنِ العمِّ، والجارِ، وكلِّ من وَلِيَ أمرَ الآخرِ فهو وَلِيُّهُ، ويقال: فلان أَوْلَى بكذا. أي أحرى، قال تعالى:
النَّبِيُّ أَوْلى بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ مِنْ أَنْفُسِهِمْ
[الأحزاب/ 6] ، إِنَّ أَوْلَى النَّاسِ بِإِبْراهِيمَ لَلَّذِينَ اتَّبَعُوهُ [آل عمران/ 68] ، فَاللَّهُ أَوْلى بِهِما [النساء/ 135] ، وَأُولُوا الْأَرْحامِ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلى بِبَعْضٍ [الأنفال/ 75] وقيل:
أَوْلى لَكَ فَأَوْلى
[القيامة/ 34] من هذا، معناه: العقاب أَوْلَى لك وبك، وقيل: هذا فعل المتعدّي بمعنى القرب، وقيل: معناه انزجر.
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، والمُوَالاةُ بين الشيئين: المتابعة.

ضر

1 ضَرَّهُ, (S, A, Msb, K,) and ضَرَّ بِهِ, (K,) aor. ـُ (Msb,) inf. n. ضَرٌّ; (S, Msb, K;) and ↓ ضارّهُ, [which see also below,] (S, A, Msb, K,) inf. n. مُضَارَّةٌ (Msb, K) and ضِرَارٌ; (A, Msb, K;) and ↓ اضرّهُ, (K,) or بِهِ ↓ اضرّ, (Msb,) or both, inf. n. إِضْرَارٌ; (TA;) He, or it, harmed, injured, hurt, marred, mischiefed, or damaged, him, or it; contr. of نَفَعَهُ; (S, A, K;) did to him, or it, an act that was evil, or disliked, or hated. (Msb.) b2: ضَرَّهُ إِلَيْهِ: see 8. b3: لَا يَضُرَّكَ عَلَيْهِ جَمَلٌ (tropical:) No camel will be more sufficient for thee than he; syn. لَا يَزِيدُكَ: and لَا يَضُرُّكَ عَلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ (tropical:) [No man will be more sufficient for thee than he; or] thou wilt not find a man who will be more sufficient for thee than he; i. e. لَا تَجِدُ رَجُلًا يَزِيدُكَ عَلَى مَا عِنْدَ هٰذَا الرَّجُلِ مِنَ الكِفَايَةِ: (ISk, S:) and مَا يَضُرُّكَ عَلَى

الضَّبِّ صَيْدٌ (tropical:) No animal that is hunted is more sufficient for thee than the ضَبّ; and so مَا يَضِيرُكَ: and مَا تَضُرُّكَ عَلَيْهَا جَارِيَةٌ (tropical:) No girl, or young woman, is more sufficient for thee than she; syn. مَا تَزِيدُكَ: (A:) and مَا يَضُرُّكَ عَلَيْهِ شَيْئًا (tropical:) He, or it, is not at all more sufficient for thee than he, or it; syn. مَا يَزِيدُكَ. (IAar, TA.) A2: ضَرَّ, [sec. Pers\. app. ضَرُرْتَ, and aor. ـُ inf. n. ضَرَارَةٌ, (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, blind: part. n. ضَرِيرٌ [q. v.]. (MA.) 3 ضارّهُ, inf. n. مُضَارَّةٌ and ضَرَارٌ, He harmed him, injured him, or hurt him, in return, or in requital: whence the saying in a trad., لا ضَرَرَ وَلَا ضِرَارَ فِى الإِسْلَامِ There shall be no harming, injuring, or hurting, of one man by another, in the first instance, nor in return, or requital, in El-Islám: (Mgh, TA: *) ضِرَارٌ is syn. with مُضَارَّةٌ: (S:) or, accord. to some, it is syn. with ضَرَرٌ; and in the phrase in a trad. mentioned above, is added as a corroborative. (TA.) See also 1. مُضَارَّةٌ in the case of a testament is the not executing it; or the violating it in part; or the bequeathing to any unfit person or persons; and the like; contrary to the سُنَّة. (TA.) b2: He disagreed with, or differed from, him; dissented from him; was contrary, opposed, or repugnant, to him; or he acted contrarily, contrariously, adversely, or in opposition, to him; syn. خالَفَهُ. (K.) And hence, accord. to some, the saying in a trad., (O, K,) relating to the seeing God on the day of resurrection, (O,) لَا تُضَارُّونَ فِى رُؤْيَتِهِ, (O, K,) i. e. Ye will not differ, one from another, nor dispute together, respecting the truth of the seeing Him; (Zj, O, * TA;) because of his manifest appearance: (Zj, TA:) or the meaning is, لَا تُضَامُّونَ, (S, K,) and thus some relate it, (TA,) meaning ye will not draw yourselves together, (K, TA,) and straiten one another; one saying to another “ Show me Him,” like as people do in looking at the new moon, but each will by himself have the sight of Him: (TA:) or, as some say, it is ↓ لَا تَضَارُّونَ [originally تَتَضَارُّونَ], meaning لَا تَضَامُّونَ, [which is the same in signification as لَا تُضَامُّونَ], i. e. with fet-h to the ت: (TA, and so in one of my copies of the S:) and some say, لا تُضَارُونَ, from الضَّيْرُ; (Mgh, TA;) [i. e. ye will not be hurt;] meaning ye will not hurt one another: (M in art. ضير:) and some, لَا تُضَامُون, from الضَّيْمُ. (Mgh, TA.) b3: See also 4; and the phrase تَزَوَّجَ عَلَى

مُضَارَّةٍ, voce ضِرٌّ.4 اضرّهُ and اضرّبِهِ: see 1, first sentence. b2: اضرّهُ عَلَى الأَمْرِ He compelled him against his will to do the thing. (Sgh, K.) [See also 8.]

A2: اضرّ, intrans., (tropical:) It (anything) approached so near as to harm, injure, or hurt; (TA;) or so near as to straighten, or incommode. (L.) You say, اضرّ بِهِ, meaning (tropical:) It approached very near to him, so as to annoy him: (TA, from a trad.:) or (tropical:) he drew very near to him: (S, A:) or (tropical:) he clave, or stuck, to him. (A.) And اضرّ بِالطَّرِيق (tropical:) He approached the road, but was not upon it. (TA.) And بَنُو فُلَانٍ يُضِرُّ الطَّرِيقُ (tropical:) The sons of such a one are one the travelled track. (A.) And اضرّ السَّيْلُ مِنَ الحَائِطِ (assumed tropical:) The torrent drew near to the wall: and السَّحَابُ إِلَى الأَرْضِ the clouds to the earth. (K.) b2: اضرّ عَلَيْهِ (tropical:) He importuned him; plied him; plied him hard; pressed him; pressed him hard; was urgent with him; persecuted him, or harassed him. (A.) b3: اضرّ الفَرَسُ عَلَى فَأْسِ اللِّجَامِ (tropical:) The horse champed the فأس [q. v.] of the bit; (A 'Obeyd, S, A;) and so اضزّ. (S.) b4: اضرّ فُلَانٌ عَلَى السَّيْرِ الشَّدِيدِ (assumed tropical:) Such a one bore patiently hard journeying. (TA.) A3: Also, (Msb,) inf. n. إِضْرَارٌ, (S,) He took to himself a wife while having another wife: (As, S, Msb, TA:) [and so, app., ↓ ضارّ: (see ضِرٌّ:)] or he gave [a woman] in marriage to a man having at the time another wife. (TA.) A4: اضرّ يَعْدُو (S, K, * TA) signifies He hastened (S, K, TA) somewhat in running, accord. to A 'Obeyd; (S, TA;) but Et-Toosee says that this is a mistake, and that it is correctly اصرّ. (TA.) 5 تضرّر He was [harmed, injured, or hurt; or] afflicted, grieved, or sick: and he experienced straitness, pressure, or inconvenience. (KL.) 6 لَا تَضَارُّونَ [originally تَتَضَارُّونَ]: see 3.8 اضطرّهُ إِلَى كَذَا It, (a thing, or an affair, TA,) or he, [a man, or God,] necessitated, constrained, compelled, forced, or drove, him to have recourse to, or to do, such a thing; or impelled, or drove, him, against his will, to it, or to do it; (Msb, K;) so that he had no means of avoiding it; as also ضَرَّهُ ↓ إِلَيْهِ CCC : (Msb:) it made him to want, or be in need of, such a thing: (K, TA:) from ضَرَرٌ signifying “ narrowness,” or “ straitness. ” (TA.) [See also 4. Hence the phrase, لَأَضْطَرَّنَّكَ إِلَى أَصْلِكَ, expl. in art. اصل. See also the Kur ii. 120, and xxxi. 23.] b2: اُضْطُرَّ إِلَى كَذَا He was, or became, necessitated, constrained, compelled, forced, or driven, to have recourse to, or to do, such a thing; or was impelled, or driven, against his will, to it, or to do it: (S, K:) he wanted, or was or became in need of, such a thing. (K.) ضَرٌّ: see the next paragraph, in two places.

ضُرٌّ Harm, injury, hurt, mischief, or damage; contr. of نَفْعٌ; as also ↓ ضَرٌّ, (A, K,) or this is an inf. n., (S, Msb, K,) and the former is a simple subst.; (ADk, Msb, K;) and ↓ ضَرَرٌ [which is now the most common]: (S, Mgh, Msb, TA:) or an evil state or condition; (ADk, T, S, L, Msb, K;) as also ↓ ضَرَرٌ and ↓ تَضِرَّةٌ and ↓ تَضُرَّةٌ; (K; for the right reading in the K is والضَّرَرُ سُوْءُ الحَالِ, as in the L, &c.; not والضرر وسوء الحال; TA; [but in some of the copies of the K, and in the TA, this signification is assigned to ضَرٌّ instead of ضُرٌّ; and in the latter, its pl. is said to be أَضُرٌّ;]) and poverty; and bodily affliction: but the contr. of نَفْعٌ is termed ↓ ضَرٌّ, with fet-h: (ADk, T, Msb, TA: *) [see also ضَرَّةٌ and ضَرَرٌ and ضَرَّآءُ and ضَرُورَةٌ and ضَارُورَآءُ, all of which have similar meanings:] and disease; (A, Msb;) thus in the Kur xxi. 83: (Msb:) or leanness: (S, A, TA:) the state, or condition, of him who is termed ضَرِير [q. v.]. (TA.) A2: See also the next paragraph, in two places.

ضَرٌّ The taking a wife in addition to another wife; (S;) a subst. from ضَرَّةٌ. (K.) You say, نُكِحَتِ المَرْأَةُ عَلَى ضِرٍّ The woman was taken to wife in addition to a former wife. (S.) And, accord. to Aboo-'Abd-Allah Et-Tuwál, تَزَوَّجْتُ المَرْأَةَ عَلَى ضِرٍّ and ↓ ضُرٍّ [I took the woman to wife in addition to another wife]. (S.) And تَزَوَّجَ عَلَى ضِرٍّ and ↓ ضُرٍّ i. e. ↓ مُضَارَّةٍ, meaning He married so as to have two or three wives together. (K.) And Kr mentions the phrase, تَزَوَّجْتُ المَرْأَةَ عَلَى

ضِرٍّ كُنَّ لَهَا [I took to wife the woman in addition to others who were her fellow-wives]: and if it be so, ضِرّ is an inf. n. [used in this instance as an epithet, and therefore applicable to a pl. number as well as to a single person], formed by the rejection of the augmentative letter [in its verb, i. e. أَضَرَّ], or it is a pl. that has no sing. (TA.) A2: One says also رَجُلٌ ضِرُّ أَضْرَارٍ (K, TA) i. e. A man [who is] a strong one of strong ones; like as one says صِلُّ أَصْلَالٍ and ضِلُّ أَضْلَالٍ: (TA:) or very cunning (دَاهِيَةٌ) in his judgment, or opinion. (K, TA.) ضَرَّةٌ [Necessity, or need;] a subst. from 8: (K, TA:) hardness, distressfulness, or afflictiveness, of state or condition: and annoyance, molestation, harm, or hurt. (Sgh, K.) See also [ضُرٌّ, and] ضَرَرٌ, and ضَرَّآءُ, and ضَرُورَةٌ.

A2: A woman's husband's wife; her fellow-wife: (S, Msb, K:) an appellation disliked by the Muslim; جَارَةٌ being used in preference to it; accord. to a trad.: (TA:) pl. ضَرَائِرُ (Msb, K) and ضَرَّاتٌ; (Msb;) the former extr. [with respect to rule]; (TA;) the latter regular. (Msb.) [See also عَلَّةٌ.] b2: Hence, sing. of ضَرَائِرُ signifying (tropical:) Discordant things or affairs; likened to fellow-wives, who will not agree. (TA.) b3: And [hence also, app.,] الضَّرَّتَانِ is a term applied to (assumed tropical:) The two stones of a mill. (S, M.) A3: The flesh of the ضَرْع [or udder]: (S:) or the udder (ضرع) altogether, (K, TA,) except the أَطْبَآء [or teats], when containing milk, but not otherwise: (TA:) or the base of the ضرع, which is never, or scarcely ever, without milk in it: (TA:) or the base of the ثَدْى [or breast]: and i. q. خِلْفٌ [q. v.]. (K.) One says ضَرَّةٌ شَكْرَى, meaning A full ضرّة: (S in this art.:) or a ضرّة having much milk. (S in art. شكر.) b2: ضَرَّةُ الإِبْهَامِ The portion of flesh that is beneath the thumb, which is what corresponds to the أَلْيَه in the hand: (S:) or الضَّرَّةُ signifies the portion of the palm of the hand extending from beneath the little finger to the wrist: (Zj, in his “ Khalk el-Insán: ”) or the inner side of the hand, (K, TA,) over against the little finger, corresponding to the الية in the hand: (TA:) or the portion of flesh beneath the thumb: (K:) or the root thereof [i. e. of the thumb]: (TA:) and that part of the flesh of the sole of the foot upon which one treads, next the great toe. (K.) [See أَلْيَةٌ.] b3: The pl. of ضَرَّةٌ (in all the senses expl. above, TA) is ضَرَائِرُ, (K, TA,) which [as said above] is extr. (TA.) b4: And الضَّرَّتَانِ signifies The buttocks, on each side of the bone thereof: (K:) or the two flabby portions of flesh, on each side. (M, TA.) A4: Also Much property, (S,) or many cattle, (S, * TA,) exclusive of money: (TA:) or property, or cattle, (مال,) upon which one relies [for his maintenance], but belonging to another, or others, (K, TA,) of his relations: (TA:) and a detached number of cattle, of camels, and of sheep or goats. (K, TA.) ضُرَّةٌ: see ضَرَّآءُ.

ضَرَرٌ: see ضُرٌّ, in two places. b2: Also Defect, deficiency, detriment, or loss, (Msb, K,) and so ↓ ضَرَّةٌ and ↓ ضَرَارَةٌ, (TA,) that happens to a thing, (K,) or to articles of property. (Msb.) You say, دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ ضَرَرٌ فِى مَالِهِ [Defect, deficiency, detriment, or loss, came upon him in his property, or cattle]. (TA.) And هُوَ فِى ضَرَرِ خَيْرٍ

[He is in a state of defective, or little, prosperity]. (TA.) See also ضَرَّآءُ. b3: Also Narrowness, or straitness. (A 'Obeyd, S, K.) You say مَكَانٌ ذُو ضَرَرٍ A narrow place. (A 'Obeyd, S.) And لَا ضَرَرَ عَلَيْكَ and ↓ لا ضَارُورَةَ and ↓ لا تَضِرَّةَ [app. No straitness shall befall thee: or no evil: or no adversity: or no want]. (S.) b4: And Narrow. (K.) You say مَكَانٌ ضَرَرٌ A narrow place. (TA.) And مَآءٌ ضَرَرٌ Water in a narrow place. (IAar.) b5: And The brink, or edge, of a cave, or cavern. (AA, O, K.) One says, لَا تَمْشِ عَلَى هٰذَا الضَّرَرِ [Walk not thou on this brink, or edge, of a cave]. (AA, O.) ضَرِيرٌ i. q. مُضَارَّةٌ [i. e. Injurious conduct, either in the first instance or in return or requital: &c.: see 3]: (S, A, K:) a subst. in this sense: (TA:) but it is mostly used in the sense here next following. (S, TA.) b2: (tropical:) Jealousy. (S, A, K.) One says, ما أَشَدَّ ضَرِيرَهُ عَلَيْهَا (tropical:) How great is his jealousy on her account! (S, A.) And إِنَّهُ لَذُو ضَرِيرٍ عَلَى امْرَأَتِهِ (tropical:) Verily he is jealous on account of his wife. (TA.) b3: Also Spirit (نَفْسٌ), and remains of stoutness of body (بَقِيَّةُ جِسْمٍ): (S, K:) or, as some say, remains of spirit (بَقِيَّةُ نَفْسٍ). (TA.) One says نَاقَةٌ ذَاتُ ضَرِيرٍ A she-camel strong in spirit, slow in becoming fatigued: (S, TA:) also expl. as meaning that injures the [other] camels by the vehemence of her pace, or the hardness of her journeying. (TA.) and بَاقٍ ضَرِيرُهَا, referring to camels, is expl. by As as meaning Whose strength is lasting. (TA.) b4: Also Patience, (S, K,) and endurance. (S.) One says, إِنَّهُ لَذُو ضَرِيرٍ Verily he has patient endurance of evil: (TA:) and إِنَّهُ لَذُو ضَرِيرٍ عَلَى

الشَّرِّ وَالشِّدَةِ Verily he has patient endurance of evil and hardship; (As, S, * TA;) a phrase used in relation to a man and to a beast. (TA.) A2: Also [an epithet] signifying Anything intermixed, or mingled, with ضُرّ [i. e. harm, injury, &c.]; and so ↓ مَضْرُورٌ. (K.) b2: (assumed tropical:) Blind; (S, K;) [a more respectful epithet than أَعْمَى]; pl. أَضِرَّآءُ: (K:) (assumed tropical:) harmed by the loss of an eye, or by a constant and severe disease: (Msb:) (tropical:) diseased: (A, K:) and (assumed tropical:) lean, or emaciated: (K:) affected with a malady of long continuance; or crippled, or deprived of the power to move or to stand or to walk, by disease, or by a protracted disease: (TA:) fem. with ة: (A, K:) and pl. as above. (TA.) b3: And Persevering, and strong. (TA.) [Thus having contr. meanings.] b4: And Very patient (AA, S, K) in endurance of everything; applied to a beast, (AA, S,) and also to a man. (TA.) A3: Also The brink of a valley; (S, K;) the side thereof: one says, نَزَلَ فُلَانٌ عَلَى أَحَدِ ضَرِيرَى الوَادِى, meaning [Such a one alighted] upon one of the two sides of the valley: (S:) pl. أَضِرَّةٌ. (TA.) b2: [Freytag has explained it also, from the Deewán of the Hudhalees, as meaning The last part of a journey.]

ضَرَائِرُ Persons in want, needy, or poor. (S.) b2: Also pl. of ضَرَّةٌ, [q. v.,] (Msb, K, TA,) in various senses. (TA.) ضَرَارَةٌ: see ضَرَرٌ: and ضَرَّآءُ, in two places. b2: Also (assumed tropical:) Blindness. (S, K, TA.) [See 1, last sentence, where it is mentioned as an inf. n.]

ضَرُورَةٌ Necessity, necessitude, need, or want; (Lth, S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ ضَارُورَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ ضَارُورٌ and ↓ ضَارُورَآءُ and ↓ ضَرَّةٌ: (K, TA:) pl. ضَرُورَاتٌ. (TA.) You say, حَمَلَنِى الضَّرُورَةُ عَلَى

كَذَا وَكَذَا [Necessity urged me to do such and such things]. (Lth.) And ↓ رَجُلٌ ذُو ضَارُورَةِ and ضَرُورَةٍ A man in want. (S.) [And hence فِى

الضَّرُورَةِ as meaning In the case of necessity in poetry or verse: and ضَرُورَةً by necessity; meaning by poetic license. See also ضَرُورِيَّةٌ.] b2: and Difficulty, distress, affliction, trouble, inconvenience, fatigue, or weariness. (Msb.) [See also ضُرٌّ, and ضَرَّةٌ, and ضَرَّآءُ.]

ضَرُورِىٌّ [Necessary knowledge]; as opposed to اِكْتِسَابِىٌّ, [natural, bestowed by nature, instinctive, or] such as the creature has by [divine] appointment; and, as opposed to اِسْتِدْلَالِىٌّ, [intuitive, immediate, axiomatic, or] such as originates without thought, or reflection, and intellectual examination of an evidence or a proof. (Kull.) [See also بَدِيهِىٌّ.] b2: [ضَرُورِيَّةٌ as an epithet applied to a proposition means Qualified by the expression بِالضَّرُورَةِ (by necessity). b3: And the pl. ضَرُورِيَّاتٌ means Necessary, or indispensable, things.]

ضَرُورِيَّةٌ Necessity. (See also ضَرُورَةٌ.) b2: As fem. of the epithet ضَرُورِىٌّ, see this latter word.]

ضَرَّآءُ A hurtful state or condition; (IAth;) contr. of سَرَّآءُ: (IAth, Msb:) or hardship, distress, or straitness of condition [or of the means of subsistence, or of the conveniences of life]; (AHeyth;) i. q. شِدَّةٌ; (S, A, K;) as also بَأْسَآءُ, like which it is a fem. n. without a mase.; and accord. to Fr, أَضُرٌّ and أَبْؤُسٌ may be used as pls. of these two ns.: (S:) or, accord. to Az, (assumed tropical:) that [evil] which relates to the person; as disease: whereas بأسآء is that which relates to property; as poverty: (Bd in ii. 172:) or detriment, or loss, with respect to property and with respect to persons; (A, K;) as also ↓ ضَرَّةٌ, or ↓ ضُرَّةٌ, (accord. to different copies of the K,) and ↓ ضَرَارَةٌ: (K:) and [hence] poverty: and punishment: and drought, or barrenness; or vehement, or intense, drought; (TA: [see also ضَارُورَآءُ:]) and (assumed tropical:) disease of long continuance; or such as cripples, or deprives of the power to move or to stand or to walk; (A, K;) as also ↓ ضَرَرٌ, as used in the Kur iv. 97: or, accord. to Ibn-'Arafeh, the latter there means (assumed tropical:) a hurtful malady that cuts one off from serving in war against unbelievers and the like; as also ↓ ضَرَارَةٌ; relating to sight, &c. (TA.) A2: [Also, accord. to Freytag, Tangled trees, in a valley: but the word having this meaning is correctly ضَرَآءٌ, belonging to art. ضرو and ضرى, q. v. And be explains it also as meaning a bare, or an open, place; and the contr. i. e. a place covered with trees; referring to the “ Kitáb el-Addád. ”]

ضَرَّارٌ [That harms, injures, hurts, &c., much]. (TA in art. خلو.) ضَارٌّ [act. part. n. of 1; Harming, injuring, hurting, &c.; or that harms, &c.; noxious, injurious, &c.]. النَّافِعُ الضَّارُّ, an appellation of God, means He who benefiteth and who harmeth whomsoever He will, of his creatures. (TA.) ضَارُورٌ: see ضَرُورَةٌ.

ضَارُورَةٌ: see ضَرَرٌ; and ضَرُورَةٌ, in two places.

ضَارُورَآءُ Drought: and hardship, distress, or adversity. (K.) See also ضَرُورَةٌ. [And see ضُرٌّ, and ضَرَّآءُ.]

صِفَةٌ اضْطِرَارِيَّةٌ i. q. صِفَةٌ خِلْقِيَّةٌ i. e. A natural quality; opposed to اخْتِيَارِيَّةٌ.]

تَضِرَّةٌ and تَضُرَّةٌ: see ضُرٌّ: and for the former see also ضَرَرٌ.

مُضِرٌّ Approaching (K, TA) to a thing: and approaching so near as to harm, injure, or hurt. (TA.) سَحَابٌ مُضِرٌّ means Clouds approaching the earth. (S, A.) A2: Also A man having two wives, (S, K, *) or having [several] wives at the same time. (Msb.) And a woman having a fellow-wife, (TA,) or having fellow-wives; (S, Msb;) having a fellow-wife, or two fellow-wives; as also مُضِرَّةٌ. (K.) A3: And A man having a ضَرَّة [q. v.] of cattle: (TA:) or who has a ضَرَّة of cattle that return to him in the afternoon, or evening, from the place of pasture. (S, TA.) مَضَرَّةٌ A cause, or means, of harm, injury, hurt, mischief, or damage; contr. of مَنْفَعَةٌ: (S, TA:) [and simply] harm, injury, hurt, &c.; syn. ضَرَرٌ: pl. مَضَارُّ. (Msb.) مِضْرَارٌ A woman, and a she-camel, and a mare, that takes fright, and runs away, and goes at random, (تَنِدُّ وَتَرْكَبُ شِدْقَهَا,) by reason of briskness, liveliness, or sprightliness. (IAar, K.) مَضْرُورٌ: see ضَرِيرٌ.

بَيْعُ المُضْطَرِّ, which is forbidden in a trad., is of two kinds: one is The sale that one is compelled to contract against his will; and this is null: the other is the sale to which one is necessitated to consent in consequence of a debt that he has incurred or of a burden that has come upon him, so that he sells at a loss that which is in his possession; and this kind of sale is valid, though disapproved by the people of knowledge. (IAth, TA.)

رث

ى1 رَثَيْتُ المَيِّتَ, (S, M, Msb, K,) aor. ـْ (Msb,) inf. n. مَرْثِيَةٌ (S, M, Msb, K) and مَرْثَاةٌ and رِثَايَةٌ and رِثَآءٌ and رَثْىٌ; (M, K;) and رَثَوْتُهُ; (S, M in art. رثو, * and K;) I wept for, or over, [or bewailed,] the dead man, and [eulogized him, or] enumerated his good qualities or actions; (S, K;) as also ↓ رَثَّيْتُيهُ, inf. n. تَرْثِيَةٌ; and ↓ تَرَثَّيْتُهُ: (K:) and also I composed verses on the dead man; (S, K;) [composed an elegy, a dirge, or an epicedium, on him;] eulogized him in verse: (TA:) or I eulogized the dead man, and wept for him or over him; as also ↓ رَثَّيْتُهُ: (M:) or, accord. to Lth, رَثَى فُلَانًا, aor. ـْ inf. n. رَثْىٌ and مَرْثِيَةٌ, signifies he wept for, or over, such a one after his death; and ↓ رثّاهُ, inf. n. ترْثِيَةٌ, he eulogized him after his death: (T:) or رَثَيْتُ المَيِّتَ and لَهُ ↓ تَرَثَّيْتُ signify I felt, or expressed, pity, or compassion, for the dead man. (Msb. [See also رَثَى لَهُ, in what follows.]) You say also, رَثَتِ المَرْأَةُ زَوْجَهَا, (IAar, T,) or بَعْلَهَا, (M,) aor. ـْ (IAar, T, M) and تَرْثُوهُ, (IAar, T, and M in art. رثو,) inf. n. رِثَايَةٌ [&c.]; (T;) and رَثِيَتْهُ, aor. ـْ inf. n. رثَايَةٌ [&c.]; (Lh, M;) and ↓ تَرَثَّتْهُ; (M;) [The woman wept for, or over, her husband, &c, he being dead:] and ISk mentions an Arab woman's saying رَثَأْتُ زَوْجِى بِأَبْيَاتٍ; pronouncing the verb with ء (S. [See 1 (last sentence) in art. رثأ.]) And you say, رَثَى لَهُ He was, or became, tender, pitiful, or compassionate, towards him. (S, M, K.) And مَا يَرْثِى فُلَانٌ لِى Such a one does not lament, complain, or express pain or grief, for me; nor does he care for me: and إِنِّى لَا أَرْثِى لَهُ [Verily I do not lament, &c., for him], inf. n. مَرْثَاةٌ and رَثْىٌ. (T.) b2: رَثَيْتُ عَنْهُ حَدِيثًا, (AA, Lh, T, S, M, K,) aor. ـْ inf. n. رِثَايَةٌ, (AA, T, S, K,) I mentioned a story, or tradition, received from him: (AA, T, S, K:) and (K) I retained in my memory a story, or tradition, received from him: (Lh, M, K:) but the phrase that is well known is نَثَيْتُ عَنْهُ خَبَرًا, meaning “ I bore information, or tidings, from him: ” (M:) and رَثَوْتُ عَنْهُ حَدِيثًا also has the second of these meanings; (M and K * in art. رثو;) or the first of them: (K in that art.:) but the phrase that is well known is نَثَوْتُ عَنْهُ خَبَرًا: (M in that art.:) accord. to E-'Okeylee, you say, رَثَوْنَا بَيْنَنَا حَدِيثًا and رَثَيْنَاهُ [i. e. We mentioned among us a story, or tradition]; and تَنَاثَيْنَاهُ means the like thereof. (T.) A2: رَثِىَ, (IAar, M, K, [and accord. to the TA, رُثِىَ, but it appears from the context that this is taken from a copy of the M, and is wrong,]) inf. n. رَثْىٌ, by rule رَثًى, (IAar, M,) He was, or became, affected with what is termed رَثْيَةٌ, (IAar, M, K,) in all the senses of this word. (K.) A3: [A meaning assigned to رَثَا by Golius belongs to رَثَأَ, q. v.]2 رَثَّىَ see 1, in three places.5 تَرَثَّىَ see 1, in three places.8 ارتثى. The meanings assigned to this verb by Golius belong to ارتثأ, q. v.]

رَثْيَةٌ A pain in the knees and [other] joints: (S:) or a pain in the joints, and in the arms and legs, or hands and feet, or fore and hind legs: (M, K:) or a swelling, (M, K,) and a [malady such as is termed] ظُلَاع, (M,) in the legs of a beast: (M, K:) or anything that prevents a person from rising and going away, or going quickly, occasioned by old age or pain: (M, K, * TA: الاِلْتِفَات in the K is a mistake for الاِنْبِعَاث: TA:) pl. رَثَيَاتٌ. (S.) b2: Also, and ↓ رَثِيَّةٌ, Weakness. (Th, M, K. [او ضَعْفٍ in the CK is a mistake for وَالضَّعْفُ.]) b3: And Foolishness, or stupidity. (Th, M, K.) And you say, فِى أَمْرِهِ رَثْيَةٌ In his affair is a flagging, or remissness, or languor. (M.) رَثِيَّةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

رَثَّآءَةٌ and ↓ رَثَّايَةٌ, epithets applied to a woman, (T, S, K,) Who wails much (T, * K, TA) for her husband: or who weeps much for, or over, another, of those whom she holds in honour. (TA.) رَثَّايَةٌ: see what next precedes.

أَرْثَى A man who does not perform an affair firmly, soundly, or thoroughly, (M, K, TA,) by reason of his weakness. (TA.) مَرْثَاةٌ (M, K) and ↓ مَرْثِيَةٌ (S, M, Msb, K) [see 1: used as simple substs., A lamentation for one dead; an elegy; a dirge; an epicedium: pl. مِرَاثٍ].

مَرْثِيَةٌ: see what next precedes.

فد

ى1 فَدَاهُ, (T, S, M, &c.,) aor. ـْ (Msb, K,) inf. n. فِدَآءٌ (T, S, M, Mgh, K,) [omitted in my copy of the Msb, probably by inadvertence,]) and فَدًى, (Mgh,) or فِدًى, (so in the M, accord. to the TT,) or also both of these, (Fr, T, S, Msb, K,) the latter of them said by Fr, on one occasion, to be the more common, (T, TA,) [which is the case when it is a subst., like فِدْيَةٌ,] but 'Alee Ibn-Suleymán El-Akhfash [i. e. El-Akhfash El-Asghar] is related to have said that this is not allowable except by poetic license, and El-Kálee says that الفِدَى was used by the Arabs in conjunction with الحِمَى, [see حِمَآءُ, in art. حمى,] but other forms were used in other cases [among which he seems to mention فَدَآء, with fet-h and the lengthened alif, but the words in which I find this expressed are somewhat ambiguous, and are also rendered doubtful by an erasure and an alteration]; (TA;) and ↓ افتداهُ, (M,) [whence an ex. in a verse which will be found in what follows,] or بِهِ ↓ افتدى (K, TA) and مِنْهُ, (TA,) [but I do not know افتدى in either of these phrases as having any other than the well-known meaning of فَدَى نَفْسَهُ, which is strangely omitted in the K;] and know ↓ فادِاهُ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K, TA,) inf. n. مُفَادَاةٌ and فِدَآءٌ; (Msb, TA;) but some explain this differently [as will be shown in what follows]; (T, Mgh, Msb, TA;) He gave his ransom; (S;) he gave a thing, (K, TA, [اَعْطاهُ in the CK being a mistake for أَعْطَى, without the affixed pronoun,]) or a captive, for him, (TA,) and so liberated him; (K, TA;) [i. e. he ransomed him;] or he liberated him, or ransomed him, مِنَ الأَسْرِ [from captivity]: (Mgh, Msb:) or ↓ فاداهُ signifies he loosed him, or set him free, and took his ransom: (Mgh, Msb, TA:) or مُفَادَاةٌ signifies the giving a man and taking a man [in exchange]: and فِدَآءٌ, [as inf. n. of فَدَاهُ,] the purchasing him [from captivity or the like]: (Mbr, T, Mgh, Msb, TA:) or the preserving a man from misfortune by what one gives by way of compensation for him; as also فَدًى: (Er-Rághib, TA:) you say, فَدَيْتُهُ بِمَالِى I purchased [i. e. ransomed] him with my property, and بِنَفْسِى with myself: (T:) or, accord. to Nuseyr Er-Rázee, the Arabs say, الأَسِيرَ ↓ فَادَيْتُ [I ransomed the captive], and فَدَيْتُهُ بِأَبِى وَ أُمِى [I ransomed him in a tropical sense with my father and my mother], and بِمَالٍ [with property], as though thou purchasedst him and freedst him therewith, when he was not a captive; and you may say, فَدَيْتُ الأَسيرَ meaning I freed the captive from the state in which he was, though ↓ فَادَيْتُ is better in this sense: as to the reading تَفْدُوهُمْ [in the Kur ii. 79], Aboo-Mo'ádh says, it means Ye purchase them from the enemy and liberate them; but the reading ↓ تُفَادُوهُمْ, he says, means ye contend with them who are in your hands respecting the price and they so contend with you: (T, TA:) [that ↓ افتداهُ is syn. with فَدَاهُ is shown by what here follows:] a poet says, يُفْتَدَى لَفَدَيْتُهُ فَلَوْ كَانَ مَيتٌ بِمَا لَمْ تَكُنْ عَنْهُ النُّفُوسُ تَطِيبُ [And if a person dead were to be ransomed, assuredly I would ransom him with what minds would not be willing to relinquish]. (M, TA.) b2: [The inf. ns. of the first of these verbs are much used in precative phrases:] they said, فَدًى لَكَ [for فَدَاكَ فَدًى, and therefore virtually meaning فُدِيتَ Mayest thou be ransomed; the ل being لِلتَّبْيِينِ i. e. “ for the purpose of notifying ” the person addressed]: (TA:) and بِى أَ فَدًى لَكَ [ for فَدَاكَ أَبِى بِنَفْسِهِ فَدًى, and therefore virtually meaning simply فَدَاكَ أَبِى بِنَفْسِهِ May my father ransom thee with himself; so that it may be well rendered may my father be a ransom for thee]: (S:) and فِدَآء, with tenween, some of the Arabs pronounce with kesr [to the ء, i. e. they pronounce فِدَآء with the tenween of kesr], peculiarly when it is next to [meaning immediately followed by] the preposition ل, saying فِدَآءٍ لَكَ, because it is indeterminate; they intending thereby the meaning of a prayer; and As has cited [as an ex. thereof] the saying of En-Nábighah [Edh-Dhubyánee], مَهْلًا فِدَآءٍ لَكَ الأَقْوَامُ كُلُّهُمُ وَمَا أُثَمِرُ مِنْ مَالٍ وَمِنْ وَلَدِ [Act gently: may the peoples, all of them, and what I make to be abundant of wealth and of offspring, give themselves as a ransom, or be a ransom, for thee: فِدَآءٍ being app. assimilated to an indeterminate imperative verbal noun such as صَهٍ in the phrase صَهٍ يَا رَجُلُ, which is as though one said اُسْكُتْ سُكُوتًا يَا رَجُلُ; thus meaning here لِيَفْدِكَ: but De Sacy mentions, in his “ Chrest. Arabe,” see. ed., vol. ii., p. 460, three allowable readings (not the foregoing reading) in this verse, namely, فدآءٌ and فدآءً and فدآءٍ; and adds that what here follows is said by a commentator to be, of several explanations, that which is the right: والقول الآخر وهو الصحيح ان فدآءِ بمعنى ليُفدِكَ فبناه كما بنى الامر وكذلك تَراكِ و دَراكِ لانه بمعنى اترك و ادرك: this, it will be observed, is similar to the explanation which I have offered of فِدَآءٍ لك; for ليُفدِك is app. a typographical mistake for ليَفدِك: and I incline to think that فدآءِ, though supposed to be correct and therefore likened to تَراكِ and دَراكِ, is a mistake of a copyist for فدآءٍ; and the more so because I find in Ahlwardt's “ Divans of the Six Ancient Arabic Poets ” the three readings فِداءٌ and فِداءً and فِداءٍ, but not فِداءِ]. (S, TA.) b3: وَفَدَيْنَاهُ بِذِبْحٍ [in the Kur xxxvii. 107] means And we made an animal prepared for sacrifice to be a ransom for him, and freed him from slaughter. (T, TA.) b4: فَدَتْ نَفْسَهَا مِنْ زَوْجِهَا and ↓ افتدت [alone] mean She gave property to her husband so that she became free from him by divorce. (Msb, TA.) b5: See also what next follows.2 فدّاهُ, (S, * K,) or فدّاهُ بِنَفْسِهِ, (S, * TA,) [or both, for both are correct,] inf. n. تَفْدِيَةٌ; (S, K;) and بنفسه ↓ فَدَاهُ, (S, TA, *) aor. ـْ inf. n. فِدَآءٌ; (TA;) He said to him ↓ فِدَاكَ جُعِلْتُ [May I be made thy ransom, i. e. a ransom for thee]. (S, K, TA.) 3 فَاْدَىَ see 1, former half, in five places. b2: In the saying respecting bloodwits, وَإِنْ أَحَبُّوا فَادَوْا, the meaning is, [And if they like,] they free the slayer, or his next of kin who is answerable for him, and accept the bloodwit; because this is a substitute for the blood, like as the ransom is a substitute for the captive. (Mgh.) 4 افداهُ الأَسِيرَ [in the CK (erroneously) الاسيرُ] He accepted from him the ransom of the captive. (M, K.) Hence the saying of the Prophet to Kureysh, when 'Othmán Ibn-'Abd-Allah and El-Hakam Ibn-Keysán had been made captives, لَا نُفْدِيكُمُو هُمَا حتَّى يَقْدَمَ صَاحِبَانَا [We will not accept from you the ransom of them two until our two companions shall come], meaning [by the two companions] Saad Ibn-Abee-Wakkás and 'Otbeh Ibn-Ghazwán. (M.) b2: افدى فُلَانٌ Such a one danced, or dandled, his child: (K, TA:) because of his [often] saying, فَدِى لَكَ أَبِى وَ أُمِى [May my father and my mother be ransoms for thee]. (TA.) A2: افدى also signifies He made for his dried dates a store-chamber. (K.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) He became large in his body; (IAar, T, K, TA;) as though it became like the فَدَآء [q. v.]. (TA.) b3: And He sold dates. (IAar, T, K.) 6 تفادوا They ransomed one another. (S, TA.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) They guarded themselves, one by another; as though every one of them made his fellow to be his ransom. (Msb, TA.) b3: And تفادى مِنْهُ (tropical:) He guarded against it, or was cautious of it, and kept aloof from it. (S, K, * TA.) 8 إِفْتَدَىَ see 1, first quarter, in two places; and again, near the middle of the paragraph. b2: As intrans., افتدى signifies [He ransomed himself;] he gave a ransom for himself. (Er-Rághib, TA.) You say, افتدى مِنْهُ بِكَذَا [He ransomed himself from him with such a thing]. (S.) Hence the usage of the verb in the Kur ii. 229. (TA.) See 1, last sentence but one.

فَدًى and ↓ فِدًى and ↓ فِدَآءٌ and ↓ فِدْيَةٌ all signify the same, (S, K,) i. e. [A ransom;] a thing, (K, TA,) or a captive, (TA,) that is given for a man, who is therewith liberated: (K, TA:) [the first three are also inf. ns. (and have been mentioned as such in the first paragraph); therefore when you say فَدًى لَكَ أَبِى and فِدًى لك ابى, the words فَدًى and فِدًى may be either inf. ns. or substs.: as substs., the second and third are more common than the first:] فِدْيَةً [is also sometimes expl. as an inf. n., but accord. to general usage] signifies as above; (K, TA;) or property given as a substitute [or a ransom] for a captive: (Mgh, Msb, TA:) and property by the giving of which one preserves himself from evil in the case of a religious act in which he has fallen short of what was incumbent, like the expiation for the breaking of an oath and of a fast; and thus it is used in the Kur ii. 180 and 192: (Er-Rághib, TA:) and its pl. is فِدًى and فِدَيَاتٌ. (Mgh, Msb, TA.) فِدًى: see the next preceding paragraph. [Hence the phrase] جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ: see 2. It is also a pl. of its syn. فِدْيَةً. (Mgh, Msb, TA.) فِدْيَةٌ: see فَدًى.

A2: خُذْ عَلَى هِدْيَتِكَ وَ فِدْيَتِكَ, accord. to the K, but in the S, خُذْ فِى هِدْيَتِكَ وَقِدْيَتِكَ, mentioned in art. قدى, is a saying meaning [Take thou to] that [course] in which thou wast: the author of the K seems to have followed Sgh, who has mentioned it here: (TA in the present art.:) فِدْيَهٌ and قِدْيَهٌ are dial. vars. (TA in art. قدى.) فَدَآءٌ An أَنْبَار, (K, TA,) i. e. (TA) a collection, of wheat: (M, K, * TA:) or it signifies, (K,) or signifies also, (M,) a collection of food, consisting of barley and dates and the like: (M, K:) or an أَنْبَار, i. e. a collection, of food, consisting of wheat and dates and barley: (S:) and it is said to signify a place in which dates are spread and dried, in the dial. of 'Abd-El-Keys. (M.) b2: And The حَجْم [or protuberant, or prominent, part, or perhaps the bulk,] of a thing (M, K) of any kind. (M.) فِدَآئٌ: see فَدًى.

الفِدَاوِيَّةُ is the appellation of A class, or rect, of the خَوَارِج of the دُرْزِيَّة [or دُرُوز, whom we call the Druses; it is a coll. gen. n., of which the n. un. is فِدَاوِىُّ; the و being a substitute for ء: it is used to signify those who undertake perilous adventures, more particularly for the destruction of enemies of their party; as though they offered themselves as ransoms or victims; and hence it is applied to the sect called in our histories of the Crusades “ The Assassins ”]. (TA.) مَفْدِىٌّ, originally مَفْدُوىٌ. In the saying بِنَفْسِى

فُلَانٌ مُفْدِىٌّ With my soul, or myself, may such a one be ransomed, مَفْدِىٌّ is often suppressed; being meant to be understood.]

دهن: دَهَن دَهناً ودهاناً: بَرْنَق، طلى بدهن صيني (برنيق) أو بزيت لامع (معجم الادريسي).
ودَهَن: لوّن، طلى بالألوان (معجم الادريسي، فوك، ابن جبير ص195).
ودهن: داهن، تملق (بوشر).
داهن، داهنه: داراه ولاينه، وذلك مع من يحب أو مع أصحاب المراتب العالية.
ووافقه وتغاضى عما يفعل من سوء (انظر التعريفات عند فريتاج في مادة مداهنة) ففي المقري (1: 468) في كلامه عند أحد القضاة: ولا داهن ذا مرتبة ولا أغضى لأحد من أسباب السلطان وأهله. وفي النويري (أفريقية ص61 ق): وكان عبد المؤمن لا يداهن في دولته ويأخذ الحق من ولده إذا وجب عليه. (تاريخ البربر 2: 58، 99، أماري ديب ص21). أدهن في: والس وخادع والمصدر منه ادهان: موالسة ومخادعة. ففي حيان (ص57 و): وانتقى أمية بن عبد الغافر الظاهر من المشايعة على قتل عبد الله أو الادهان فيه (المقدمة 1: 36، تاريخ البربر 1: 69، 2: 45، 156).
تداهن واندهن: ذكرتا في معجم فوك في مادة لاتينية معناها: دهن، طلى، مسح بالزيت.
دَهْن، وتجميع على ادهان: تصوير، صورة زيتية (معجم الادريسي).
دِهْن، واحدته دِهنَة: اللحم الأبيض كلحم إلية الضأن (محيط المحيط).
دُهْن: مرهم، بلسم (بوشر).
ودُهْن: راتينج، صمغ الصنوبر (بوشر).
ودُهْن: لزقة من مرهم لنمو الشعر (الكالا).
دُهْن الآجر: زيت الزيتون تطفأ فيه كسر من الآجر المتأججة التي ابيضت من شدة حرارتها، ثم يوضع هذا الزيت مع كسر الآجر المفتنة على النار حتى يتغير شكله. (سنج، ابن البيطار 1: 446).
وهذا الزيت يسمى أيضاً الدهن المبارك، وله أيضاً اسم ثالث تختلف كتابته باختلاف مخطوطات ابن البيطار فهو في مخطوطة (اده): دهن المنفذ، وفي مخطوطة (ل): المنفذ، وفي (ب): المنقذ (كذا) وفي (ي): المبقل.
دهن الأفيون: روح الأفيون، لاذن، لاذنة، لودائم (بوشر).
دهن الروسي: دهن تدلك به الجلود في روسيا، وهو دهن إلى السواد قوي الرائحة (تعليق على هامش مخطوطة ب من ابن البيطار مادة خلنج).
دهن صيني: برنيق، زيت لامع يطلى به (ورانيش). وهو دهان الزواقين، ويستحضر من السندروس، الزرنيخ الأحمر وحب الكتان (معجم المنصوري).
دهن المُخّ: نخاع، مادة الدماغ (بوشر).
دهن ناردين: دهن سنبل الطيب، عطر الناردين. وهو دواء مركب أطلق عليه هذا الاسم لدخول الناردين في تركيبه (معجم المنصوري).
شمعة دهن: شمعة (بوشر).
دُهْنَة: تطلية، طلاء، دهان (بوشر).
دُهْنيّ: دسمي، شحمي (بوشر).
ودُهْني: زيتي، ذو زيت (محيط المحيط).
شمع دهني: شمع (بوشر).
دُهْنَّية بزيت القطران: تطلية بالورنيش طلي بزيت لامع (الكالا).
دَهان: سمن (شيرب ديال ص164، دماس صحارى ص278) وسمن ذائب، اذوابة (معجم البربر) وسمن زنخ، غس، تمه (دوماس مجلة الشرق والجزائر السلسلة الجديدة 1: 187).
دِهَان: تزييت، تشحيم (بوشر).
ودِهان: مرهم، مروخ (بوشر).
ودهان: طِلاء، غراء (بوشر).
ودهان: مركب طبي دهني مختلف العناصر والألوان، مرهم (بوشر).
ودهان: أحمر الشفاه (بوشر).
ودهان: برنيق، وارنيش (بوشر، همبرت ص86) وانظر فيما تقدم: دهان صيني.
ودهان يجمع على دهات: صورة زيتية (معجم الادريسي).
دَهُون: مرهم، مروخ (محيط المحيط).
دَهين: زيتي، ذوزيت (ابن العوام 1: 70).
ودَهين: طلاء (بوية)، دهان (بوشر).
دهين بشمع: ورنشة، دهن بالورنيش (بوشر).
دَهّان: محضر وبائع المراهم (فوك).
ودَهّان: صيدلي، صيدلاني، أجزائي (فوك).
ودَهَّان: صانع الدهن الصيني (الورنيش) والطالي به (بوشر، همبرت ص86) وفي المستعيني مادة سندروس: يستعمله الدهانون.
ودهّان: مزوق، صباغ (معجم الادريسي، فوك، المقدمة 2: 266، 308) مدهن ويجمع على مداهن: تصويرة، صورة زيتية (معجم الادريسي).
مُدَهّن: مزوق، صباغ (معجم الادريسي).
مَدْهُون: دقيق مدهون أو مدهون فقط. نوع من دقيق القمح (معجم الأسبانية ص169) ودقيق في معجم فوك.
كلام مدهون: كلام معسول (بوشر).
مُداهِن: سيموني. بائع أو مشتري الأشياء الروحية أو المقدسة بثمن زمني (بوشر).