صعد

1 صَعِدَ فِى السُّلَّمِ, (S, A, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) inf. n. صُعُودٌ (S, Msb, K) and صَعَدٌ and صُعُدٌ; (Ham p. 407;) and ↓ تصعّد, (A,) or اِصَّعَّدَ, (L,) inf. n. اِصَّعُّدٌ; (K;) and ↓ تصاعد, (A,) or اِصَّاعَدَ, (L,) inf. n. اِصَّاعُدٌ; (K;) and ↓ اصطعد; (K;) He ascended, or went up, the ladder, or stair: (L, Msb, K:) and so the verb is used of ascending a thing similar to a ladder, or stair: but in a case of this kind one should not say اصعد. (L.) And صَعِدَ السَّطْحَ and إِلَى السَّطْحِ (A, Msb) He ascended, or ascended to, the flat house-top. (Msb.) And صَعِدَ المَكَانَ, and فِى

المَكَانِ, and ↓ اصعد, and ↓ صعّد, He ascended the place, or upon the place. (L.) And فِى ↓ صعّد الجَبَلِ, (S, A, Msb, K,) and عَلَى الجَبَلِ, inf. n. تَصْعِيدٌ; (S, K;) and صَعِدَ فِيهِ, a form rarely used, (Msb,) disallowed by Az, (S, TA,) and said by him to have been unknown, (S,) or unheard, (K,) but he afterwards authorized it, and it is also authorized by IAar and ISk, (TA,) and صَعِدَ الجَبَلَ; (S in art. دخل; [for صَعِدَ فِى الجَبَلِ, see دَخَلْتُ البَيْتَ;]) and فِيهِ ↓ تصعّد, (MF, from a trad.,) and اِصَّعَّدَ فِيهِ, (Az,) inf. n. اِصِّعَّادٌ; (TA; [app. a mistranscription for اِصَّعُّدٌ; or اِصَّعَّدَ may be a mistranscription for ↓ اِصَّعَدَ, a var. of اِصْطَعَدَ, and its inf. n. is اِصِّعَادٌ;]) He ascended the mountain. (Msb, K.) And فِى الأَرْضِ ↓ صعّد He ascended the land. (Az, TA.) One says, طَالَ

↓ فِى الأَرْضِ تَصْوِيبِى وَتَصْعِيدِى [Long have continued my descending, or going down, and my ascending, or going up, in the land]. (A. [There immediately following صَعَّدَ فِى الجَبَلِ, expl. above: see also رَكَبٌ مُصَعِّدٌ.]) A2: See also 4, last sentence.2 صعّد, inf. n. تَصْعِيدٌ, as intrans.: see above, in four places. b2: And see also 4, in four places.

A2: صعّدهُ He made him, or caused him, to ascend, or mount; syn. عَلَّاهُ; (K and TA in art. علو;) and رَقَّاهُ; (TA in art. رقى;) [and so ↓ اصعدهُ; and ↓ استصعدهُ; like as one says in the contr. sense نَزَّلَهُ and أَنْزَلَهُ and اِسْتَنْزَلَهُ.] You say, صعّدهُ جَبَلًا and دَابَّةٌ [He made him to ascend, or mount, a mountain and a beast]. (TA in art. علو.) and فِى الجَبَلِ ↓ يُصْعِدُونَهَا is said with reference to wild bulls or cows [as meaning They make them to ascend upon the mountain]. (S and TA in art. سلع.) b2: [Hence,] one says also, صَعَّدَ فِىَّ النَّظَرَ وَصَوَّبَهُ, meaning (assumed tropical:) He looked at me from head to foot, contemplating me. (L, from a trad. [and a similar phrase occurs in Har p. 640.]) b3: [صعّدهُ, inf. n. تَصْعِيدٌ, (the latter as used in the K voce كَافُورٌ,) also signifies (assumed tropical:) He sublimated it: often occurring in medical books, and used in this sense in the present day.] b4: And تَصْعِيدٌ signifies also The act of liquifying, melting, or dissolving. (K.) A3: See also 4, last sentence.4 اصعد فِى المَكَانِ: see 1. b2: [Hence,] اصعد فِى الأَرْضِ He went through the land towards a land higher than the other [from which he came]: (A, TA:) taken from the saying of Lth, that اصعد, inf. n. إِصْعَادٌ, signifies He went towards a declivity, or a river, or a valley, higher than the other [from which he came]. (TA.) And اصعد فِى البِلَادِ He went up, or upwards, through the countries, or lands. (AA, Msb.) And اصعد مِنْ بَلَدِ كَذَا إِلَى بَلَدِ كَذَا He journeyed [upwards] from such a region, or town, to such another region, or town; from one that was lower to one that was higher. (Msb.) [And hence,] اصعد, inf. n. إِصْعَادٌ, He journeyed, or went, towards Nejd, and El-Hijáz, and El-Yemen: [or towards a higher region:] and اِنْحَدَرَ signifies “ he journeyed, or went, towards El-'Irák, and Syria, and 'Omán: ” (ISk, on the authority of 'Omárah:) or the former, he journeyed, or went, towards the Kibleh: and the latter, “he journeyed, or went, towards El-'Irák: ” (Aboo-Sakhr, T:) or the former, he came to Mekkeh; (K;) but this is a defective explanation: (TA:) and مُصْعَدٌ, also, is used as an inf. n. of this verb; and مُنْحَدَرٌ, as an inf. n. of انحدر: (T, TA:) or اصعد, inf. n. إِصْعَادٌ, he commenced a journey, or went forth; as from Mekkeh, and from ElKoofeh to Khurásán, and the like: (Fr:) or he commenced a journey, or the like, in any direction: and انحدر signifies “ he returned, from any town or country. ” (Ibn-'Arafeh.) And اصعد فِى الأَرْضِ, (Akh, S, K,) or فى البِلَادِ, (Akh accord. to the T,) He went away, and journeyed, through the land, (Akh, S, K,) or through the countries, (Akh, T,) in any direction. (L.) and اصعدت السَّفِينَةُ, inf. n. إِصْعَادٌ; (L;) or ↓ صعّدت; (A;) The ship spread her sail, and was borne along by the wind, (A, L,) upwards [app. meaning up a river or the like]. (L.) b3: اصعد فِى الوَادِى; (Akh, S, L, K;) and فِيهِ ↓ صعّد, inf. n. تَصْعِيدٌ; (Akh, S, Msb, K;) and ↓ اِصَّعَّدَ, (Lth,) but this last is disapproved by Az; (TA;) He descended, or went down, into the valley, (Akh, S, L, Msb, K,) from the part whence the torrent comes; not going to the bottom of the valley: and in like manner, اصعد فِى الأَرْضِ He descended, or went down, into the land: (L:) and فِى الجَبَلِ ↓ صعّد He descended the mountain; as well as he ascended it. (IB, L.) Akh cites the following words of 'Abd-Allah Ibn-Hemmám Es-Saloolee, طَوْرًا فِى البِلَادِ وَأُفْرِعُ ↓ أُصَعِّدُ (S, L,) as meaning I descending, or going down, at one time, through the countries, and [another time] ascending, or going up: this, says IB, is what induced Akh to explain صعّد as he has done; but it presents no proof, because إِفْرَاعٌ has two contr. significations, that of إِصْعَادٌ and that of اِنْحِدَارٌ: and accord. to Az, by أُصَعِّدُ the poet means I ascending, or going up, to high places; and by أُفْرِعُ, the contrary. (L.) b4: اصعد also signifies He advanced towards another. (L.) b5: And He went far; syn. أَبْعَدَ. (Ham p. 22.) b6: And اصعد فِى العَدْوِ He exerted himself vehemently in running. (L.) A2: اصعد as trans.: see 2, in two places.

A3: اصعدت She (a camel) became such as is termed صَعُود [q. v.]. (S, L, K.) b2: And أَصْعَدْتُ النَّاقَةَ, (S, L, K,) and ↓ صَعَدْتُهَا, [probably imperfectly transcribed for ↓ صَعَّدْتُهَا,] (L,) I made the she-camel to be, or became, such as is termed صَعُود. (IAar, S, L, K.) 5 تصعّد, and its var. اِصَّعَّدَ: see 1, in two places: b2: and see also 4. b3: تصعّد النَّفَسُ The breath passed forth with difficulty. (L.) A2: تصعّدهُ (S, A, K) and ↓ تصاعدهُ (A, K) It (a thing, S, K, or an affair, A) was, or became, difficult, or distressing, to him; it distressed, or afflicted, him: (A'Obeyd, S, A, K:) from صَعُودٌ as signifying “ a mountain-road difficult of ascent: ” (A' Obeyd:) or from الصَّعُودٌ as the name of “ a certain mountain in Hell. ” (TA.) 6 تصاعد, and its var. اِصَّاعَدَ: see 1: A2: and see also 5.8 اصطعد, and its var. اِصَّعَدَ: see 1, in two places.10 استصعدهُ: see 2. b2: استصعد البَرِيرَ He plucked or gathered, the fruit of the أَرَاك to eat. (TA in art. بر.) صُعْدٌ: see صُعُدٌ.

صَعَدٌ: see صَعُودٌ, in two places. b2: عَذَابٌ صَعَدٌ A vehement, severe, rigorous, or grievous, punishment; (S, A, K;) i. e. ذُو صَعَدٍ: (TA:) or a distressing, or an afflicting, punishment, (Bd and Jel in lxxii. 17,) that shall overcome the sufferer thereof, the latter word being an inf. n. used as an epithet. (TA.) صُعُدٌ an inf. n. of صَعِدَ [q. v.]. (Ham p. 407.) [Hence,] ذَهَبَ السَّهْمُ صُعُدًا [The arrow went upwards]. (A.) And هٰذَا النَّبَاتُ يَنْمِى صُعُدًا This plant increases in height. (S.) And تَنَفَّسَ صُعُدًا: see صُعَدَآءُ. And ↓ مِنْ صُعْدٍ [used by poetic license for من صُعُدٍ], said of a thing falling, i. e. From above; from a higher place. (Ham p. 349.) A2: Also a pl. of صَعُودٌ: and of صَعِيدٌ. (S, L, K.) A3: صُعُدٌ, thus, with two dammehs, is also the name of A certain tree from which pitch is melted forth. (L.) صَعْدَةٌ A high, or an elevated, piece of land or ground; contr. of هَبْطَةٌ. (Mgh in art. هبط.) And صَعْدَةُ is said to be a proper name for The earth. (Ham p.22.) b2: And A she-ass: (L, K:) or a long-backed she-ass: (L:) or long [in the back], applied to a she-ass as an epithet, and therefore the pl. is صَعْدَاتٌ, with the ع quiescent. (Ham p. 385.) And بَنَاتُ صَعْدَةَ Wild asses: (S, K:) said to be so called from صَعْدَةُ meaning as expl. above; and if this be correct, it is like the appellation بَنَاتُ البَرِّ: (Ham p. 22:) or as being likened to the women [or rather woman (as will be shown in what follows)] termed صعدة; and in like manner, أَوْلَادُ صَعْدَةَ: (Har p. 471:) the rel. n. [applied to a single wild ass] is ↓ صَاعِدِىٌّ, (S, L, K,) irregularly formed: thus in the saying of Aboo-Dhu-eyb, فَرَمَى فَأَلْحَقَ صَاعِدِيًّا مِطْحَرًا بِالكَشْحِ فَاشْتَمَلَتْ عَلَيْهِ الأَضْلُعُ [And he shot, and made a far-flying arrow to reach a wild ass in the flank, and the ribs enclosed it]. (S, L.) b3: And A spear, or spear-shaft; syn. قَنَاةٌ: (L:) a spear-shaft (قَنَاةٌ) straight by its growth, (S, L, K,) not requiring to be straightened: (S, L:) and a kind of أَلَّة [or broad-headed dart], which is smaller than a حَرْبَة: (L:) or [simply] an أَلَّة: (K, TA:) [in the CK اٰلَة: and] in some copies of the K أَكَمَة, which is a mistranscription: (TA:) pl. صِعَادٌ and صَعَدَاتٌ; (L;) the latter with fet-h to the ع because it is a subst. (Ham p. 385.) One says, تَطَاعَنُوا بِالصِّعَادِ i. e. [They thrust, or pierced, one another] with the spears. (A.) b4: [Hence,] جَارِيَةٌ صَعْدَةٌ (tropical:) A girl, or young woman, straight in figure, (A, L,) like a spear, or spear-shaft: (L:) pl. جَوَارٍ صَعْدَاتٌ, the latter word with the ع quiescent, (A, L,) because it is an epithet. (L.) صُعْدَةٌ: see صَعِيدٌ, last sentence but one.

صَعْدَآءُ: see صَعُودٌ, in two places.

صُعَدَآءُ A sigh, or sighing; a breathing with an expression of pain, grief, or sorrow: or with difficulty: (L:) a long breathing: (K:) or a prolonged breathing: (S:) or a loud breathing: (A:) accord. to some, a breathing emitted upwards. (L.) You say, تَنَفَّسَ الصُّعَدَآءَ, (L,) or تنفّس صُعَدَآءَ, (A,) and ↓ تنفّس صُعُدًا, (L,) He sighed; uttered a sigh or sighing; or breathed with an expression of pain, grief, or sorrow: (L:) [or uttered a prolonged breathing:] or breathed loudly. (A.) b2: [Hence,] فُلَانٌ يَتْبَعُ صُعَدَآءَهُ, (A,) or يَتَتَبَّعُ صُعُدَآءَهُ, (L, [in which the noun is evidently mistranscribed,]) (tropical:) Such a one raises his head, and does not stoop it, by reason of pride: (A:) or does not raise his head nor stoop it. (L. [The former explanation seems to be the right.]) b3: See also صَعُودٌ, in four places.

صُعْدُدٌ: see the next paragraph.

صَعُودٌ An acclivity; contr. of هَبُوطٌ, (S, L, K,) or of حَدُورٌ; (Msb;) and ↓ صَعَدٌ is [syn. therewith, being] contr. of صَبَبٌ: (L:) pl. صَعَائِدُ and صُعُدٌ. (S, K.) An ascending road: of the fem. gender: pl. [of pauc.] أَصْعِدَةٌ and [of mult.] صُعُدٌ. (L.) A mountain-road difficult of ascent; (S, A, L, K;) as also ↓ صَعُودَآءُ, (L, K,) and ↓ صُعَدَآءُ: (L in art. كأد:) a difficult place of ascent. (L in that art.) [Hence,] الصَّعُودُ A certain mountain in Hell, (L, K, MF,) consisting of fire, which the unbeliever will ascend during a period of seventy years, after which he will fall down it, and thus he will do for ever: (MF:) it is of one live coal; the unbeliever will be compelled to ascend it, and will be beaten with مَقَامِع [pl. of مِقْمَعَةٌ, q. v.]; and whenever he puts his leg upon it, it will dissolve as high as the lower part of his hip, and will then become replaced whole and sound. (L.) b2: [Hence also,] (tropical:) Difficulty, grievousness, distress, affliction, or trouble; (A, L, Msb;) as also ↓ صَعَدٌ (L) and ↓ صَعْدَآءُ, (K,) or ↓ صُعَدَآءُ, (L,) and ↓ صُعْدُدٌ. (K.) You say, أَرْهَقْتُهُ صَعُودًا (tropical:) I made him, or constrained him, to do a difficult, grievous, distressing, afflicting, or troublesome, thing: (A:) or I imposed upon him such a punishment. (L.) And ↓ لِلسِّيَادَةِ صَعْدَآءُ [or ↓ صُعَدَآءُ? (see above)] (tropical:) There is a difficult, or distressing, ascent to lordship, or mastery. (A.) And أَكَمَةٌ

↓ ذَاتُ صُعَدَآءَ (assumed tropical:) A hill difficult to ascend. (L.) b3: Also A she-camel that brings forth a young one imperfectly formed, (As, S, K,) after six or seven months, (As,) and is made to take an affection to the young one of the preceding year, (As, S,) or and takes an affection to the young one of the preceding year: (K:) or a she-camel whose young one dies, and which returns to her former young one, and yields it milk: when she does this, her milk is the sweeter: (Lth:) or a she-camel that brings forth her young one after its hair has grown, and then takes an affection to her former young one, or to the young one of another: pl. صَعَائِدُ and صُعُدٌ; but this latter pl. is disapproved by Sb. (L.) صَعِيدٌ High, or elevated, land or ground: or high, or elevated, land or ground, above such as is low, or depressed: or even land or ground: (L:) or even land or ground, without any trees: (Lth, L:) or a [desert such as is termed] صَحْرَآء: (A:) or the surface of the earth; (Th, Zj, S, A, Msb, K;) whether it be dust or earth, or otherwise: Zj says, I know not any difference of opinion among the lexicologists on this point: (Msb:) [such is said to be its meaning in the Kur iv. 46 and v. 9; and therefore in performing the act termed التَّيَمَّم,] a man should strike his hands upon the surface of the earth, and not care whether there be in chat place dust or not: (Zj:) [hence] one says, طَارَ صِيتُكَ فِى القَرِيبِ وَالبَعِيدِ وَبَلَغَ مُنْتَهَى

الصَّعِيدِ [Thy fame has flown through the near and the distant regions, and reached the extremity of the surface of the earth]: (A:) or صَعِيدٌ signifies the earth, or ground, itself; (IAar, A, L;) as in the saying عَلَيْكَ بِالصَّعِيدِ, meaning Sit thou upon the earth, or ground: (A:) or good earth or land: or earth, or land, not mixed with sand nor with salt soil: (L:) or dust, or earth, (Fr, S, L, Msb, K,) such as is pure, upon the surface of the ground or that has come forth from within it; thus accord. to Az in the Kur iv. 46 and v. 9, in the opinion of most of the learned: (Msb:) or only earth containing dust; not applied to a coarse, nor to a fine, بَطْحَآء; nor to a coarse كَثِيب; although it be mixed with dust: (Esh-Sháfi'ee, L:) pl. صُعُدٌ and صُعُدَاتٌ, (S, L, K,) the latter a pl. pl. (Msb, TA.) b2: And A wide, or an ample, place. (L.) b3: And A road, (L, Msb, K,) whether wide or narrow: (L:) pls. as above (L, Msb) and صُعْدَانٌ. (L.) It is said in a trad., إِيَّاكُمْ وَالقُعُودَ بِالصُّعُدَاتِ

إِلَّامَنْ أَدَّى حَقَّهَا, i. e. Beware ye of sitting in, or by, the roads, save he who performs the duty relating thereto: [respecting which duty see طَرِيقٌ:] صُعُدَات is here the pl. of صُعُدٌ, which is pl. of صَعِيدٌ: or, as some say, it is pl. of ↓ صُعْدَةٌ, which signifies A court, or an open space, before the door of a house, and the place through which men pass in front of it. (L.) b4: Also A grave. (AA, Mtr, L, K.) إِنَّهَا لَفِى صَعِيدَةِ بَازِلَيْهَا (tropical:) Verily she (a camel) is near to cutting her two teeth called the بَازِلَانِ. (L, TA.) صَعُودَآءُ: see صَعُودٌ.

صُعَادِيَّةٌ, applied to a she-camel, Tall, or long; syn. طَوِيلَةٌ. (K.) صَعَّادٌ عَلَى الجِبَالِ One who climbs the mountains much or often. (TA in art. رقى.) صَاعِدٌ [Ascending, &c.]. b2: [Hence,] عُنُقٌ صَاعِدٌ (tropical:) A tall neck. (A, L.) b3: And شَرَفٌ صَاعِدٌ (tropical:) [High nobility]. (A.) b4: [Hence also,] one says, بَلَغَ كَذَا فَصَاعِدًا (tropical:) It reached such an amount and upwards: (K, TA:) and أَخَذْتُهُ بِدِرْــهَمٍ فَصَاعِدًا (tropical:) I got it for a dirhem and upwards; an elliptical phrase, for أَخَذْتُهُ بِدِرْــهَمٍ فَزَادَ الثَّمَنُ صَاعِدًا I got it for a dirhem and the price increased upwards, or ذَهَبَ صَاعِدًا went upwards: you may not say وَصَاعِدًا, because you do not mean to tell that the dirhem with something more made the price, as when you say بِدِرْــهَمٍ وَزِيَادَةٍ; but you mention the lowest price that you offered, and mean that you then offered more and more. (Sb, L.) and قَرَأَ فَاتِحَةَ الكِتَابِ فَصَاعِدًا (assumed tropical:) He read the opening chapter of the Book [i. e. of the Kur-án] and more is a phrase of the same kind. (L.) صَاعِدِىٌّ rel. n. of صَعْدَةُ, q. v.

مَصْعَدٌ [A place of ascent: pl. مَصَاعِدُ]. One says رُتْبَةٌ بَعِيدَةُ المَصْعَدِ and المَصَاعِدِ (tropical:) [meaning A station, or post of honour, to which the ascent and ascents (lit. the place and places of ascent) is, and are, distant]. (A.) مُصَعَّدٌ A high mountain. (L.) And رَكَبٌ مُصَعَّدٌ, or ↓ مُصَعِّدٌ, A high, or prominent, pubes. (L.) A2: Also Beverage, or wine, (K,) and vinegar, (TA,) prepared with pains by means of fire, or well boiled, (عُولِجَ بِالنَّارِ, K, TA,) until it becomes altered in flavour and colour. (TA.) مُصَعِّدٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مِصْعَادٌ The [rope called] حَابُول, [made in the form of a hoop,] by means of which a man ascends palm-trees. (K, * TA.) b2: [And A scaling-ladder. b3: And, accord. to Freytag, A chain with which the feet of captives are shackled, to prevent their taking wide steps: b4: and A chain upon the feet of women, serving as an ornament: in relation to which he refers to Schröder de vestitu mulierum Hebr. p. 123.]

سلم

1 سَلِمَ, [aor. ـَ inf. n. سَلَامَةٌ (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K) and سَلَامٌ (A, TA) and سَلَمٌ and سَلْمٌ and سِلْمٌ, (Bd in xxxix. 30,) He was, or became, safe, or secure; or he escaped; (M, TA;) or he was, or became, free; (TA;) مِنَ الآفَاتِ [from evils of any kind], (S, Mgh,) or مِنَ الآفَةِ [from evil of any kind], (K,) or مِنَ البَلَآءِ [from trial, or affliction], (A, TA,) or مِنَ الأَمْرِ [from the affair]: (M:) he (a traveller) was, or became, safe, secure, or free, from evils of any kind: (Msb:) and سَلِمَ مِنَ العَيْبِ he was, or became, free from fault, defect, imperfection, blemish, or vice; syn. بَرِئَ. (Msb in art. برأ.) [Hence,] one says, لَا بِذِى تَسْلَمُ مَا كَانَ

گَذَا وَكَذَا, (ISk, S, K, *) meaning No, by God [or Him] who maketh thee to be in safety, (ISk, S, K,) [such and such things were not;] and to two persons لا بذى تَسْلَمَانِ, and to a pl. number لا بذى تَسْلَمُونَ, and to a female لا بذى تَسْلَمِينَ, and to a pl. number [of females] لا بذى تَسْلَمْنَ. (ISk, S, K. *) And لَا أَفْعَلُ ذٰلِكَ بِذِى تَسْلَمُ, meaning, بِذِى سَلَامَتِكِ [i. e. I will not do that, by the Author (lit. Lord or Master) of thy safety]; and in like manner, بذى تَسْلَمَانِ, and بذى تَسْلَمُونَ. (Sb, M. [See also ذو.]) And اِذْهَبْ بِذِى تَسْلَمُ, i. e. اِذْهَبْ بِسَلَامَتِكَ [Go thou with thy safety; or, with the Author of thy safety to protect thee; meaning go thou in safety]; and [to two persons]

اِذْهَبَا بِذِى تَسْلَمَانِ. (S, K.) ذى is thus prefixed to a verb [as virtually governing it in the gen. case] like as آيَة is in an instance mentioned under this latter word; but these are two extr. instances; for only a noun significant of time is [regularly] prefixed to a verb, as in the phrase هٰذَا يَوْمُ يُفْعَلُ, meaning يُفْعَلُ فِيهِ: (Akh, S:) it is not prefixed to any but this verb تَسْلَمُ [and its variations as above mentioned]. (Sb, M, K.) b2: And hence, (Mgh,) one says also, سَلِمَتْ لَهُ الضَّيْعَةُ, meaning [The landed estate] was, or became, free from participation to him; syn. خَلَصَت. (Mgh, TA.) A2: سلمهُ, [app. سَلَمَهُ, or perhaps سَلِمَهُ, for some verbs of this measure are trans., as حَسِبَ and وَرِثَ,] inf. n. سلم, [app. سَلَمٌ, q. v. infrà,] He made him a captive. (TA.) A3: سَلَمَتْهُ الحَيَّةُ, (TA,) inf. n. سَلْمٌ, (M, K, TA,) The serpent bit him: (M, * K, * TA:) mentioned by Az, but he adds that no one but Lth has said this. (TA.) A4: سَلَمَ الجِلْدَ, aor. ـِ (S, K,) inf. n. سَلْمٌ, (TA,) He tanned the skin with [قَرَظ, i. e. leaves of] the سَلَم [or mimosa flava]. (S, K, TA.) b2: سَلَمَ الدَّلْوَ, (M, K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. سَلْمٌ, (M,) He finished making the leathern bucket; and made it firm, strong, or sound, or made it firmly, strongly, or soundly. (M, K.) 2 سلّمهُ, (S, M, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَسْلِيمٌ, (K,) He (God) made him to be safe, secure, or free; saved, secured, or freed, him; (M, Msb, TA;) مِنَ الآفَاتِ [from evils of any kind], (S, Msb,) or مِنَ الآفَةِ [from evil of any kind], (K,) or مِنَ الأَمْرِ [from the affair]. (M.) [Freytag assigns the same meaning to ↓ اسلمهُ also, as on the authority of the Ham; in which I find no explanation of this verb except one which will be found later in this paragraph.] b2: [Hence,] التَّسْلِيمُ is also syn. with السَّلَامُ, (S, K, TA,) as meaning The saluting, or greeting, one with a prayer for his safety, or security, or freedom, from evils of any kind in his religion and in his person; and the interpretation thereof is [the expressing a desire for] التَّخْلِيصٌ; (Mbr, TA;) or the saluting, or greeting, one with a prayer for his life; or, by saying سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكَ [q. v. infrà, voce سَلَامٌ]; syn. التَّحِيَّةُ. (TA.) You say, سَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ [meaning He so saluted, or greeted, him]. (M, Msb.) [This, when said of God, virtually means سَلَّمَهُ, i. e. He saved him; and should be rendered agreeably with this explanation in the phrase commonly used after the mention of the Prophet, صَلَّى اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ May God bless and save him. You say also, سَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ بِالخِلَافَةِ He saluted him with the acknowledgment of his being Khaleefeh; saying, سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكَ يَا أَمِيرَ المُؤْمِنِينَ Salutation to thee, or peace be on thee, &c., O Prince of the Faithful.] التَّسْلِيمَةُ signifies The salutation that is pronounced on finishing every two rek'ahs in prayer: (Har p. 180:) [and also that which is pronounced after the last rek'ah of each of the prayers (i. e. after the sunneh prayers and the fard alike), addressed to the two guardian and recording angels: (see my “ Modern Egyptians,” ch. iii., p. 78 of the 5th ed.:) and سَلَّمَ means He pronounced either of those salutations.] b3: [Hence also,] سلّم إِلَيْهِ الشَّىْءَ, (S, K, *) inf. n. as above; (K;) and ↓ اسلم اليه الشىءَ; (M;) He gave to him the thing; (S, * M, K;) or delivered it to him: (M:) [he resigned it to him:] and سلّم إِلَيْهِ الوَدِيعَةَ, (Mgh,) or سلّم الوَدِيعَةَ لِصَاحِبِهَا, He delivered the deposit [to him, or] to its owner: (Msb:) and ↓ اسلم الثَّوْبَ إِلَى الخَيَّاطِ (Mgh) signifies the same as سلّمهُ إِلَيْهِ [i. e. He delivered the garment, or piece of cloth, to the tailor]. (Har p. 166.) b4: See also 4, in two places. b5: You say also, سلّم الأَجِيرُ نَفْسَهُ لِلْمُسْتَأْجِرِ The hired man gave himself up, or gave authority over himself, to the hirer. (Msb.) And ↓ أَسْلَمْتُهُ and سَلَّمْتُهُ I left him in the power of him who desired to kill him or to wound him. (Ham p. 115.) And لِلْهَلَكَةِ ↓ اسلمهُ [He gave him up to destruction]: in this case with [the prep.] ل only. (Har p. 166.) and الرَّجُلَ ↓ اسلم, (S, * M, Msb, *) or العَدُوَّ, (K,) He left, forsook, or deserted, (M, K,) the man, (S, * M, Msb, *) or the enemy; (K;) or abstained from aiding, or assisting, him; (S, M, Msb, K;) and threw him into destruction. (IAth, TA.) and لِمَا بِهِ ↓ اسلمهُ He left him [to that bane which was in him: app. referring to the bite of a serpent, or any evil affection: see سَلِيمٌ, third sentence]. (S, * M.) b6: And سلّم أَمْرَهُ إِلَى اللّٰهِ and ↓ اسلمهُ, both meaning the same, (S, Msb, K, TA,) i. e. He committed his case to God. (TA.) b7: And سلّم الدَّعْوَى He acknowledged the truth [or justice] of the claim, demand, or suit; [he conceded its truth or justice;] from سلّم الوَدِيعَةَ لِصَاحِبِهَا, expl. above; denoting an ideal delivering [or yielding of a thing to another person]. (Msb.) [Hence one says, سلّم أَنَّهُ كَذَا He conceded that it was thus.] b8: And التَّسْلِيمُ signifies also [The assenting, or] the giving [one's] approval (S, K, TA) unreservedly, (S,) to that which is ordained, or decreed, (S, K, TA,) by God; and the submitting to his commands; and the abstaining from offering opposition in the case in which it is not becoming [to do so]. (TA.) You say, سلّم لِأَمْرِ اللّٰهِ He assented to the command of God: [or he gave his approval to it:] or he submitted to it; as also ↓ اسلم. (MA.) 3 سالمهُ, (M, Msb,) inf. n. مُسَالَمَةٌ (S, M, Msb) and سِلَامٌ, (M, Msb,) He made peace, or became at peace or reconciled, with him; or he reconciled himself with him: [implying mutual concession, or a compromise:] (S, * M, Msb:) and سَالَمَا They made peace, or became at peace or reconciled, or they reconciled themselves, each with the other. (K.) 4 أَسْلَمَ see 2, in nine places. [The first of the meanings there assigned to this verb is, in my opinion, more than doubtful. In all its senses, it seems to be properly trans.: when it is used as an intrans. verb, an objective complement is app. understood. Thus,] أَسْلَمَ is syn. with أَسْلَفَ [as meaning He paid in advance, or beforehand]; (S, M, Mgh, Msb;) الثَّمَنَ [the price] being suppressed, though sometimes it is expressed; (Mgh;) as also ↓ سلّم; (M;) and ↓ تسلّم, as occurring in a trad., where it is said, مَنْ تَسَلَّمَ فِى شَىْءٍ فَلَا يَصْرِفُهُ إِلَى غَيْرِهِ [Whoso pays in advance for a thing, he shall not turn it over, or transfer it, to another than him]; but KT says that he had not heard this verb thus used except in this instance. (TA.) So the first of these verbs signifies in the saying, اسلم فِى الطَّعَامِ (S) or فى البُرِّ (Mgh) [He paid in advance for the wheat], and فى الشَّىْءِ [for the thing], as also ↓ سلّم. (M.) and hence the saying, إِذَا أَسْلَمَ صُوفًا فِى لِبْدٍ أَوْ شَعَرًا فِى

مِسْحٍ لَمْ يَجُزْ [If he give in advance wool for felt, or goats' hair for a garment, or piece, of haircloth, it will not be allowable]. (Mgh.) And so in the phrase, أَسْلَمْتُ إِلَيْهِ [I paid in advance to him]. (Msb.) b2: Also [He resigned, or submitted, himself; نَفْسَهُ being understood: or] he was, or became, resigned, or submissive; (M, K;) and so ↓ استسلم: (S, M, Msb, K:) you say, اسلم لِلّٰهِ [He resigned, or submitted, himself, or he was, or became, resigned, or submissive, to God: see also an ex. (before referred to) in the last sentence of the second paragraph: or he was, or became, sincere in his religion, or without hypocrisy, towards God: see مُسْلِمٌ]: (Msb:) [or]

اسلم signifies he entered into السِّلْم, (S, Msb,) which here means الاِسْتِسْلَام [i. e. the state of resignation, or submission]. (S.) b3: And He became a Muslim; as also ↓ تسلّم; (M, * K;) as in the saying, كَانَ كَافِرًا ثُمَّ تَسَلَّمَ, i. e. أَسْلَمَ [He was an unbeliever, or a denier of the unity of God, &c.; then he became a Muslim]: (M:) or he entered [the pale, or communion, of] the religion of الإِسْلَام. (S, * Msb.) الإِسْلَامُ as a principle of the law of God is The manifesting of humility or submission, and outward conforming with the law of God, and the taking upon oneself to do or to say as the Prophet has done or said: for this, the blood is to be spared, and one may demand the repelling of evil: (T, * M:) and if there is therewith firm belief with the heart, it is إِيمَانٌ: (T:) this is the doctrine of Esh-Sháfi'ee; but the doctrine of Aboo-Haneefeh makes no difference between these two terms: (KT:) [agreeably with the former doctrine,] Th well and briefly says, الاسلام is with the tongue, and الايمان is with the heart: and he says, in explaining verse 48 of ch. v. of the Kur, that every prophet has been sent with الاسلام, though the ordinances differ. (M.) b4: One says also, أَسْلَمْتُ عَنْهُ, meaning I left it [app. an affair, as in an explanation in the TK,] after I had been [engaged] in it. (Ibn-Buzurj, K.) And اسلم occurs intransitively in the saying, كَانَ رَاعِىَ غَنَمٍ ثُمَّ

أَسْلَمَ, meaning [He was a pastor of sheep, or goats; then] he left them. (M.) b5: [Freytag assigns to اسلم another signification “ Adscendere fecit (vid. a سُلَّم),” as from the Ham, p. 39: but this is app. a mistake, into which he has been led by a saying, there cited, of Zuheyr, which I read thus: هَوِىَّ الدَّلْوِ أَسْلَمَهَا الرِّشَآءُ (meaning, The descent, or as the descent, of the bucket that the well-rope has let go): and by its being there said that “ you should not prefer any reading of هوى to that with damm, though it has been said otherwise: ” whereas the correct reading is, in my opinion, هَوِىّ, agreeably with what here follows:] Er-Riyáshee says, on the authority of Az, that الهَوِىُّ, with fet-h, is downwards; and with damm, upwards; and he cites the saying above as an ex. of the word as meaning downwards. (TA in art. هوى.) 5 تسلّم مِنْهُ He asserted, or declared, himself to be free from, or clear of, or quit of, it, or him. (M.) b2: تسلّم is also syn. with أُسْلَمَ, in two senses: see the latter, in two places.

A2: and تسلّمهُ signifies He took it, or received it; namely, a thing given, or delivered. (S, M, Msb, K.) 6 تسالموا, (M,) and تسالما, (K,) inf. n. تَسَالُمٌ, (S,) They, (M,) or they two, (K,) made peace, or became at peace or reconciled, (S, * M, K,) one with another, (S, M,) or each with the other. (S, K.) [See also 8.] b2: One says of a man, (M,) of a great, or frequent, liar, (TA,) لَا تَسَالَمُ خَيْلَاهُ, [for تَتَسَالَمُ,] (M,) or لَا يَتَسَالَمُ خَيْلَاهُ, (K, TA,) [(assumed tropical:) His two troops of horses will not agree in pace, each with the other;] meaning (tropical:) [his assertions will not be found to agree together; or] he will not say what is true, so that it may be accepted from him: for تَسَالَمَتْ, said of horses, means (assumed tropical:) they kept pace, one with another; (تَسَايَرَتْ [q. v.];) not exciting one another. (M, K, TA.) 8 استلم He became at peace, or reconciled. (TA.) Hence the saying, (TA,) هُوَ لَا يَسْتَلَمُ عَلَى

سَخَطِهِ He will not become at peace, or reconciled, during his displeasure at a thing. (K, TA.) [See also 6.] b2: استلم الزَّرْعُ The seed-produce put forth its ears. (K.) A2: استلم الحَجَرَ He touched, (S, K,) or reached, (Mgh,) the stone, [meaning the Black Stone of the Kaabeh,] by kissing, or with the hand: (S, Mgh, K:) or he wiped it, or stroked it, with the hand: (Mgh:) or he kissed the stone: or he embraced it: (M:) and اِسْتَلْأَمَهُ signifies the same; (M, K;) but is not the original: (M:) accord. to ISk, the Arabs pronounced it with hemz, contr. to analogy; (Msb;) or it should not be pronounced with hemz, though some thus pronounce it, (S,) the original being استلم, (ISk, Msb,) because it is from سِلَامٌ [pl. of سَلِمَةٌ] signifying “ stones,” (ISk, S, * M, Msb, * [in the Mgh, from سَلِمَةٌ signifying “ a stone,” and in the Msb the pl. of سَلِمَةٌ is said to be سَلَامٌ, like كَلَامٌ,]) accord. to Sb, who says that it does not denote the act of taking; (M;) or, accord. to Sb, it is from السَّلَامُ, with fet-h, meaning “ salutation,” and it means the touching with the hand by way of salutation in order to obtain a blessing thereby: (TA:) but accord. to IAar, the original is with hemz, from المُلَآءَمَةُ, meaning الاِجْتِمَاعُ [“ the coming together,” &c., because denoting contact]. (Msb.) Abu-t-Tufeyl is related to have said, رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللّٰهِ صَلَّى اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَطُوفُ عَلَى رَاحِلَتِهِ يَسْتَلِمُ بِمِحْجَنِهِ وَيُقَبِّلُ المِحْجَنَ [i. e. I saw the Apostle of God (may God bless and save him) circuiting around the Kaabeh, upon his camel, touching the Black Stone with his hooked staff, and kissing the hooked staff]. (TA.) The primary signification of الاِسْتِلَامُ is [said to be] The wiping, or stroking, the سَلِمَة, i. e. the stone: afterwards it was used in relation to other things, and one said اِسْتَلَمْتُ يَدَهَا, meaning I stroked, or kissed, her hand. (Har pp. 30 and 31.) b2: استلم الخُفُّ قَدَمَيْهِ means The boot rendered his feet soft [after he had been accustomed to walking barefoot]. (TA.) 10 إِسْتَسْلَمَ see 4, in the former half of the paragraph.

A2: استسلم ثَكَمَ الطَّرِيقِ He went upon the middle of the road, not missing it. (K, * TA. [In the CK, after واسْتَسْلَمَ انقادَ, for وثَكَمَ الطَّرِيقِ, meaning واستسلم ثَكَمَ الطَّرِيقِ, is erroneously put وتَسَلَّمَ الطَّرِيقَ, assigning to تسلّم a meaning belonging to استسلم.]) Q. Q. 2 تَمَسْلَمَ [from مُسْلِمٌ] He named, or called, himself a Muslim; or he named himself Muslim; his name having before been Mohammad: (M, K:) mentioned by Er-Ru-ásee. (M.) سَلْمٌ: see the next paragraph, in six places.

A2: Also A leathern bucket (دَلْوٌ) having one عُرْوَة [or loop-shaped handle], (T, S, M, K,) with which the waterer walks, like the buckets (دِلَآء) of the attendants of the camels or other beasts upon which water is drawn or which carry water, (T, TA,) or like the دَلْو of the water-carriers: (S, K:) expl. in the S as above as on the authority of AA; but IB says that the correct explanation is, having one عَرْقُوَة [or stick fixed across from one part of the brim to the to the opposite part, serving as a handle as well as to keep it from collapsing]: (TA:) of the masc. gender [whereas دَلْوٌ is fem.]: (M:) pl. [of pauc.] أَسْلُمٌ and [of mult.] سِلَامٌ, (M, K,) and Lh mentions as its pl. أَسَالِمُ, which is extr. [unless as a pl. pl., i. e. pl. of أَسْلُمٌ]. (M.) سِلْمٌ Peace, or reconciliation; as also ↓ سَلْمٌ; (S, M, Msb, K;) masc. and fem.; (S, Msb, K; *) and ↓ سَلَمٌ and ↓ سَلَامٌ are like سِلْمٌ [in signification]: (M: [the context there shows that the signification mentioned above is what is meant in this instance:]) or سِلْمٌ signifies the making peace, or becoming at peace or reconciled, with another or others; (Ham p. 80;) as also ↓ سَلْمٌ; and both are sometimes fem. as being syn. with مُصَالَحَةٌ. (L voce جَنَحَ, q. v.) In the saying of El-Aashà, أَذَاقَتْهُمُ الحَرْبُ أَنْفَاسَهَا

↓ وَقَدْ تُكْرَهُ الحَرْبُ بَعْدَ السِّلِمْ [War made them, or has made them, to taste its draughts, and verily war is disliked after peace], he has transferred the vowel of the م to the ل, in pausing; or it may be that he has inserted a kesreh in imitation of the preceding kesreh: it is not an instance like إِبِل, in the opinion of Sb; for in his opinion the latter is the only instance of its kind. (M.) It is said in a trad., respecting El-Hodeybiyeh, أَخَذَ ثَمَانِينَ مِنْ أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ سِلْمًا, or ↓ سَلْمًا, or ↓ سَلَمًا, accord. to different relations, meaning [He took forty of the people of Mekkeh] peaceably: thus expl. by El-Homeydee, in his “ Ghareeb. ” (TA. [See also سَلَمٌ below.]) b2: Also i. q. ↓ سَلَامٌ, (S, K, TA,) as signifying Selfresignation, or submission; (TA; [and thus the latter is expl. in one place in the S;]) which is also a signification of ↓ سَلَمٌ: (S, M, K, TA:) and this is meant in the Kur [iv. 96], where it is said, لَسْتَ مُؤْمِنًا ↓ وَلَا تَقُولُوا لِمَنْ أَلْقَى إِلَيْكُمُ السَّلَامَ, (Bd, TA,) or ↓ السَّلَمَ, as some read, (Bd,) [i. e. and say not ye to him who offers to you submission, Thou art not a believer:] or ↓ السَّلَامَ here means the salutation of الإِسْلَام [by saying سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكُمْ]: (Bd, TA: *) or salutation, and submission by uttering the profession of الإِسْلَام; and so ↓ السَّلَمَ: (Jel:) [or the latter here means, simply, salutation; and this is app. what is meant by its being said that] السَّلَمُ is the subst. from التَّسْلِيمُ; (K;) [but accord. to SM,] this means the unreserved approval of what is decreed; and this is said to be meant by the reading السَّلَمَ mentioned above. (TA.) b3: And [hence] السِّلْمُ signifies also الإِسْلَامُ [as meaning The religion of the Muslims; because it is a religion of self-resignation, or submission]: (S, K:) this is meant in the Kur [ii. 204], where it is said, اُدْخُلُوا فِى السِّلْمِ كَافَّةً

[Enter ye into the religion of El-Islám wholly]; (S, Bd, Jel;) and so ↓ السَّلْمِ, as some there read; (Bd, Jel;) or both there mean submission and obedience to God: (Bd:) [and] ↓ السَّلَمُ [also] has the former meaning. (M.) A2: Also, (S, M, K,) and ↓ سَلْمٌ, (M,) A man, (S, K, TA,) [and] a woman, (M,) who makes peace, or is at peace, with another; (S, M, K;) and in like manner, a company of men (قَوْمٌ). (M.) This is said to be meant in the Kur [xxxix. 30], where it is said, وَرَجْلًا سِلْمًا لِرَجُلٍ, as some read, i. e. And a man who is at peace with respect to a man: (TA:) or سِلْمًا and ↓ سَلْمًا and ↓ سَلَمًا, three different readings, in the place of [the more common reading]

سَالِمًا, are all inf. ns. of سَلِمَ, used as epithets [syn. with سَالِمًا], or ذَا is suppressed before them. (Bd.) You say, أَنَا سِلْمٌ لِمَنْ سَالَمَنِى [I am one who is at peace with respect to him who is at peace with me]. (S, TA.) And a poet says, [using this word in two different senses, the latter of which has been mentioned above,] لِأَهْلِكِ فَاقْبَلِى سِلْمِى أَنَائِلُ إِنَّنِى سِلْمٌ [O Náïleh, (نَائِلُ being for نَائِلَةٌ, a woman's name, apocopated,) verily I am one who is at peace with respect to thy family, therefore accept thou my submission]. (TA. [It seems to be there indicated by the context that سلمى here means my peace, or reconciliation; which is less appropriate than the meaning that I have assigned to it.]) سَلَمٌ: see سَلَامٌ: and see also سِلْمٌ, in seven places. b2: Also, in buying or selling, (Msb,) the subst. from أَسْلَمَ فِى الشَّىْءِ and سَلَّمَ signifying

أَسْلَفَ, (M,) i. q. سَلَفٌ; (S, Msb, K;) i. e. Any money, or property, paid in advance, or beforehand, as the price of a commodity for which the seller has become responsible and which one has bought on description: (T and TA in art. سلف:) or payment for a commodity to be delivered at a certain [future] period with something additional to [the equivalent of] the current price at the time of such payment; this [transaction] being a cause of profit to him who makes such payment: (TA in that art.:) or a sort of sale in which the price is paid in advance, and the commodity is withheld, on the condition of description, to a certain [future] period: (S and O in that art., in explanation of سَلَفٌ:) but it is said in a trad. that the term سَلَمٌ as meaning سَلَفٌ was disliked; app. because the former is applied to obedience, and self-resignation, or submission, to God. (TA.) A2: And The making [one] captive. (K. [See 1, in the latter part of the paragraph.]) A3: And A captive; (K;) because he submits himself. (TA.) One says, أَخَذَهُ سَلَمًا, (M, TA, [in the TK بِالسَّلَمِ,]) He took him [a captive], (TA,) or made him captive, (M,) without war: (M, TA:) or he brought him in a state of submission, not resisting; and so, if wounded: (IAar, M, TA:) and thus El-Khattábee has expl. the phrase in the trad. respecting El-Hodeybiyeh cited above, voce سِلْمٌ. (TA.) A4: Also A sort of tree, (S, M, Msb, K,) [the mimosa flava of Forskål, who writes its Arabic name in Italic characters syllæm, and in Arabic characters سليم, (Flora Aegypt. Arab., p. cxxiii.,)] a species (M) of the [kind of thorny trees called] عِضَاه, (S, M, Mgh, Msb, TA, [not غَضَاة, as in the Lexicons of Golius and Freytag,]) the leaves whereof are the قَرَظ, with which skin is tanned: (TA:) AHn says, its branches are long, like rods; and it has no wood such as is used in carpentry, even if it grows large: it has slender, long thorns, grievous when they wound the foot of a man; and a yellow [fruit such as is termed] بَرَمَة [n. un. of بَرَمٌ, see this word, and see also حُبْلَةٌ,] which is the sweetest of the بَرَم in odour; and they tan with its leaves: and it is said, on the authority of the Arabs of the desert, that it has a yellow flower, containing a green grain (حَبَّة خَضْرَآء [or this may mean a grain of a dark, or an ashy, dustcolour]), of sweet odour, in which is somewhat of bitterness, and of which the gazelles are very fond: (M:) the n. un. is with ة: (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K:) and pl. أَسْلَامٌ, (M,) and سِلَامٌ is said by IB to be pl. of the n. un., like as إِكَامٌ is of أَكَمَةٌ. (TA.) [Hence,] ذَاتُ أَسْلَامٍ A land (أَرْض) that gives growth to the [trees called] سَلَم. (K.) See also سلَمَان.

سَلِمٌ Stones; (S, M;) as also ↓ سِلَامٌ: (M:) and ↓ سَلِمَةٌ [as n. un. of the former and sing. of the latter, (incorrectly written by Freytag, in one place, سَلَمَةٌ, and incorrectly said by him to be of the dial. of the people of Himyer,)] signifies a stone: (S, M, Mgh, Msb:) [or] the pl. [or quasipl. n.] of سَلِمَةٌ in this sense is ↓ سَلَامٌ, like كَلَامٌ in measure: (Msb:) or ↓ سَلِمَةٌ signifies stones; (K;) or hard stones; (TA;) and ↓ سِلَامٌ is its pl.: (K:) [said to be] so called because of their freedom (سلَامَة) from softness: (TA:) or this last signifies stones, the small thereof and the large; and they assign to it no sing.: (ISh, TA:) or سلام [probably meaning ↓ سَلَامٌ] is a quasi-pl. n.: (Aboo-Kheyreh, TA:) and it is also said to be a name for any broad stone. (TA.) See also سَلَمَان. A poet says, (namely, Bujeyr Ibn-'Anameh, IB, TA,) يَرْمِى وَرَائِى بِامْسَهْكِ وَامْسَهْمِ وَامْسَلِمَهْ [He casts from behind me (i. e. defends me) with the arrow and the stone]: this [usage of ام for ال] is of the dial. of [Teiyi and] Himyer. (S, TA.) السِّلِمْ for السِّلْمْ: see سِلْمٌ, second sentence.

سَلِمَةٌ: see سَلِمٌ, in two places: and سَلَمَان.

A2: Also A woman soft, or tender, in the أَطْرَاف [or fingers, or other extremities]. (K.) b2: And An old and weak she-camel. (IAar, TA in art. سد.) سَلْمَى A certain plant (K, TA) which becomes green in the [season called] صَيْف [app. here meaning spring]. (TA.) b2: أَبُو سَلْمَى The [species of lizard called] وَزَغ: (K:) or, some say, [as is said in the M,] ↓ أَبُو سَلْمَانَ. (TA.) b3: See also the next paragraph. b4: [In the CK, by a mistranscription, a meaning belonging to سُلَامَى is assigned to سَلْمَى.]

السَّلْمَآء, accord. to Aboo-Mis-hal, as meaning The earth, occurs in the prov., أَنْفٌ قِى المَآءِ وَاسْتٌ فِى السَّلْمَآءِ [A nose in the water and a rump on the earth]: and if this be correct, it may be derived from سلام [i. e. سِلَامٌ] meaning “ stones: ” and it may be originally ↓ السَّلْمَى, and lengthened for the sake of the rhyme. (Ham p. 214.) [But the reading commonly known is, أَنْفٌ فِى السَّلْمَآءِ وَاسْتٌ فِى المَآءِ.]

هُوَ سَلْمَانُ بَيْتِهِ He is the special, or particular, friend of his [another's] house; one who mixes with him much: from the saying of the Prophet, سَلْمَانُ مِنَّا أَهْلِ البَيْتِ [Selmán is of us, the people of the house]; referring to Selmán El-Fárisee. (Har p. 472.) b2: أَبُو سَلْمَانَ: see سَلْمَى. b3: Also A species of the [black beetles called] جِعْلَان [pl. of جُعَلٌ, q. v.]: (M:) or i. q. جُعَلٌ, (IAar, K,) or أَبُو جَعْرَان, with fet-h [app. a mistake for kesr] to the ج: (Kr, TA:) or the largest of the جِعْلَان: or a certain insect like the جُعَل, having a pair of wings: (TA:) or the male of the [black beetles called] خَنَافِس [pl. of خُنْفَسَآءُ, q. v.]. (IAar, TA in art. فرض.) سَلَمَان or سَلِمَان, accord. to different readings, occurs in a trad. of Ibn-'Omar, in which it is said, كَانَ يُصَلِّى عِنْدَ سَلَمَانٍ فِى طَرِيقِ مَكَّةَ [He used to pray at certain selem-trees, or certain stones, in the road of Mekkeh]: each may be a pl. [or rather a quasi-pl. n.]; the former, of ↓ سَلَمَةٌ, the “ tree so called; ” the latter, of ↓ سَلِمَةٌ, “ stones ” [or a “ stone: ” but both of these explanations are strange]. (TA.) سَلَامٌ, (S, K, TA,) in its primary acceptation, (TA,) is syn. with ↓ سَلَامَةٌ, (S, K, TA,) as is also ↓ سَلَمٌ, (S, [so in one of my copies, but omitted in the other copy,]) and signifies Safety, security, immunity, or freedom, from faults, defects, imperfections, blemishes, or vices, (S, * [mentioned in one only of my two copies, and there as relating peculiarly to the third word,] K, [in which it ostensibly relates peculiarly to the first word, but in the CK, by the omission of a و before it, it is made to relate only to the second word,] and TA, [accord. to which it relates to the first and second words, as it is well known to do,]) and from evils of any kind: (TA:) or [simply] safety, security, immunity, or freedom; as also ↓ سَلَامَةٌ: (Sb, M:) IKt says that these two words may be dial. vars. [syn. each with the other]; or the former may be pl. of the latter [or rather a coll. gen. n. of which the latter is the n. un.]: (M, TA:) and Suh says, in the R, that most of the lexicologists hold them to have one [and the same] meaning: but that if they considered the language of the Arabs, and the distinction, or limitation, denoted by the ة, they would see that between them is a great difference [inasmuch as the former has a large range of meaning which the latter has not, as will be seen from what follows]. (TA.) سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكُمْ is an announcement of the continuance of سَلَامَة [or safety, &c.]: (Bd in xiii. 24:) [it may therefore be rendered Safety, &c., be, or light and abide, on you; or, generally, peace be, or light and abide, on you; for] it means nothing disliked, or evil, shall befall you henceforth: (Bd in xvi. 34:) and سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكَ [may be rendered in like manner; for it virtually] means I will not do to thee anything that is disliked, or evil; (Bd and Jel in xix. 48;) nor say to thee henceforward what would annoy thee, or be disagreeable, or evil, to thee. (Bd ibid.) It may also be [rendered May safety, &c., or peace, be, or light and abide, on you; as] a prayer for سَلَامَة, to those to whom it is addressed, from the state in which they are at the time. (Bd in xxviii. 55.) [It is generally held that this salutation may not be used by, nor to, any but a Muslim.] In the beginning of an epistle, the approved practice is to write سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكَ, without the article ال; and in repeating it, at the end, to write it with that article. (Durrat el-Ghowwás, in De Sacy's Anthol. Gramm. Arabe, p. 72 of the Arabic text. [In the latter case, the general practice in the present day is to write simply وَالسَّلَام, suppressing عَلَيْكَ.]) In saluting the dead, one puts عَلَيْكَ first, saying, عَلَيْكَ سَلَامُ اللّٰهِ. (Ham p. 367.) You also say, مَا كَانَ كَذَا وَكَذَا ↓ لَا بِسَلَامَتِكَ [No, by thy safety, such and such things were not]. (S.) السُّلَامُ is also a name of God, (S, M, Msb, K,) [applied to Him in the Kur lix. 23, accord. to some for ذُو السَّلَامِ, i. e. ذُو السَّلَامَةِ,] because of his safety, or freedom, from defect, and imperfection, and cessation of existence; (IKt, M, TA;) or from variations, and as being the everlasting, who brings the creation to nought and will not come to nought; or, accord. to Suh in the R, He is so named [as being the Author of Safety, Security, &c.; i. e.] because He has rendered all his creatures safe, or free, from defectiveness, or unsoundness, and mankind and the jinn, or genii, from the betiding of injustice, or wrong, to them, from Him; and the expositors who assert that He is thus named because of his safety, or freedom, from imperfections, and evils of any kind, utter an unseemly saying, making سَلَامٌ to be syn. with ↓ سَالِمٌ, which latter applies only to him who is liable to evil of any kind, and who expects it, and then becomes safe, or free, from it. (TA.) دَارُ السَّلَامِ is an appellation of Paradise, (M, K,) [applied thereto in the Kur vi. 127 and x. 26,] as being the abode of everlasting safety, or security; (Zj, M, TA;) the abode of safety, or security, from evils of any kind, from death and decrepitude and diseases [&c.]: (TA:) or as being the abode of God. (M, TA.) b2: See also سِلْمٌ, in four places. b3: [As is there stated,] it signifies also Salutation, or greeting; (M, TA;) particularly the salutation of الإِسْلَام [by saying سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكَ or سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكُمْ, expl. above]; (Bd in iv. 96;) a subst. (S, Mgh, Msb, TA) from سَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ, (Msb,) [i. e.] from التُّسْلِيمُ, (S, Mgh, TA,) like كَلَامٌ from التَّكْلِيمُ. (Mgh. [See 2, third sentence.]) b4: In the saying in the Kur [xxv. 64], وَإِذَا خَاطَبَهُمُ الْجَاهِلُونَ قَالُوا سَلَامًا [And when the ignorant speak to them, they say, سَلَامًا], this last word signifies تَسَلُّمًا, (Sb, M,) or تَسَلُّمًا مِنْكُمْ [ for نَتَسَلَّمُ مِنْكُمْ تَسَلُّمًا We declare ourselves to be clear, or quit, of you], and مُتَارَكَهً لَلُمْ [ for نُتَارِكُكُمْ مُتَارَكَةً we relinquish you], (Bd,) [and means] there shall be neither good nor evil between us (Sb, M, Bd) and you: it is not the سلام that is used in salutation; for the verse was revealed at Mekkeh, and the Muslims had not then been commanded to salute the believers in a plurality of gods: (Sb, M:) [in iv. 88 of the Kur, which was promulgated afterwards, at ElMedeeneh, is a general command to return a salutation with a better or with the same; but the Sunneh prescribes that the salutation of سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكَ or سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكُمْ when addressed to a Muslim by one not a Muslim is to be returned only by saying وَعَلَيْكَ or وَعَلَيْكُمْ:] or the meaning in xxv. 64 is, they say a right saying, in which they are secure from harming and sinning. (Bd.) Sb asserts that Aboo-Rabee'ah used to say, إِذَا لَقِيتَ فُلَانًا فَقُلْ سَلَامًا, meaning تَسَلُّمًا [for أَتَسَلَّمُ مِنْكَ تَسَلُّمًا, i. e. When thou meetest such a one, say, I declare myself to be clear, or quit, of thee]: and he says that some of them said سَلَامٌ, meaning The case of me and thee is the [case of] being clear, or quit, each of the other; and the [case of] mutual relinquishing. (M.) [It is usual, in the present day, to say, اِفْعَلْ كَذَا وَالسَّلَام, meaning Do thou such a thing, and there will be an end of altercation between us.]

A2: See also سَلِيمٌ.

A3: Also A kind of trees; (S, M, Msb, K;) they assert that they are evergreen; nothing eats them; but the gazelles keep to them, and protect themselves by their shade, but do not hide among them; and they are not great trees, nor of the kind called عِضَاه: (AHn, M:) they are also called ↓ سِلَامٌ; (K;) or this is pl. of سَلَمَةٌ [n. un. of سَلَمٌ], which is of another kind; like as إِكَامٌ is pl. of أَكَمَةٌ: (IB, TA:) n. un. with ة. (S, M.) السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ was said to an Arab of the desert; and he replied, الجَثْجَاثُ عَلَيْكَ: and being asked, “ What is this reply? ” he answered, “They are two bitter trees: thou hast put upon me one, so I have put upon thee the other. ” (K.) A4: See also سَلِمٌ, in two places.

سِلَامٌ: see سَلِمٌ, in two places: A2: and the paragraph here next preceding, last sentence but two.

سَلِيمٌ i. q. ↓ سَالِمٌ, (S, M, K,) which means Safe, secure, or free, (Msb,) from evils of any kind; (K, Msb, TA;) applied to a man: (M:) pl. سُلَمَآءُ; (M, K, TA;) in some copies of the K سَلْمَى, like جَرْحَى pl. of جَرِيحٌ; (TA;) [but this is probably its pl. only when it is used in the sense of جَرِيحٌ or the like, as seems to be the case from what follows.] Also, (M,) applied to a heart: (S, M:) بِقَلْبٍ سَلِيمٍ, in the Kur xxvi. 89, means With a heart free from unbelief: (M, TA:) or, divested of corruptness, or unsoundness: (Er-Rághib, TA:) in the Kur xxxvii. 82, some say that it means with a grieving, or sorrowful, heart; from سَلِيمٌ in the sense here next following. (Bd.) b2: Also i. q. لَدِيغٌ [meaning Bitten by a serpent]; (S, M, K;) as also ↓ سَلَامٌ (S, K) and ↓ مَسْلُومٌ: (K:) app., (S,) as implying a good omen, of safety; (S, M;) or because the person is left (مُسْلَمٌ) to that [bane] which is in him: (IAar, S, * M:) and sometimes it is metaphorically used as meaning (tropical:) wounded: (M:) or it means wounded, at the point of death, (M, K,) as some say: (M:) pl. سَلْمَى. (M, and Ham p. 214.) A2: Also, (M, K,) of a horse, (M,) The part, of the hoof, that is between the أَشْعَر [or hair, or extremity of the skin, next the hoof], (M, TA,) or that is between the أَمْعَر [q. v.], (K,) but the former is the right, (TA,) and the interior of the hoof. (M, K, TA.) سَلَامَةٌ [the most usual inf. n. of سَلِمَ]: see سَلَامٌ, in three places.

A2: Also n. un. of سَلَامٌ applied to a kind of trees [described above]. (S, K.) سُلَامَى, a noun of the fem. gender, (Msb,) A certain bone that is in the فِرْسِن [q. v., here meaning foot] of the camel: (S, K:) this is said by A'Obeyd to be the primary signification: (S:) or the سُلَامَى of the camel are the bones of the فُرْسِن [or foot]: (M:) [for] سُلَامَى is used alike as sing. and pl., and sometimes it has also a pl., (S,) which is سُلَامَيَاتٌ: (S, M, K:) or it is a pl. [or rather a coll. gen. n.], of which the sing. [or n. un.] is سُلَامَيَةٌ, signifying the أَنْمَلَة [q. v.] of [any of] the fingers: (IAth, TA:) [but this is a strange explanation:] it is said that the last parts in which مُخّ [here meaning marrow or pulp and the like] remains in a camel when he has become emaciated are the سُلَامَى and eye; and when it has gone from these, he has none remaining: (S:) the pl. سُلَامَيَاتٌ, (S, TA,) or سُلَامَى, (M, Msb,) also signifies the bones of the أَصَابِع, (S, M,) so says Kh, and Zj adds that they are also called the قَصَب, (Msb,) of the hand and of the foot; (M;) [i. e., of the fingers and of the toes; and this seems to be the most common meaning, in relation to a human being; namely, the phalanges of the fingers and of the toes;] that are between every two joints [and what are beyond the extreme joints] of the أَصَابِع: accord. to Lth, the سلامى are the bones of the أَصَابِع [or fingers and toes] and the أَشَاجِع and the أَكَارِع, and are hard and compact bones like كِعَاب [pl. of كَعْبٌ]: (TA: [see the words that I have here left untranslated, for the senses in which they are here used are doubtful:]) accord. to IAar, (M,) certain small bones, of the length of the إِصْبَع [or finger], (M, K,) or nearly so, (M,) or less, (K,) of which there are four, or three, (M,) [or app., five, for the meaning here seems to be the metacarpal and metatarsal bones, to which the terms سُلَامَى and سُلَامَيَاتٌ are sometimes applied, (see أَشْجَعُ and مُشْظٌ,)] in the hand and in the foot, (K,) [i. e.] in each hand and foot: (M:) Ktr says that the سلاميات are the عُرُوق [app. a mistake for عِظَام i. e. bones] of the outer side of the hand and foot: (Msb:) سلامى is also said to signify any small hollow bone: and any bone of a human being: and ISh says that in every horse are six سلاميات [app. in the fore legs and the same in the hind legs; for he seems to mean that the term سلامى is applied to each of the pasternbones and to the coffin-bone; these three corresponding to the phalanges of a human being: see فَصٌّ]: (TA:) it is not allowable to write سلامى otherwise than with what is termed the short alif. (MF, TA.) A2: سُلَامَى, (M, K,) like سُكَّارَى, (K, TA, [in the CK like سَكْرٰى, which is shown to be wrong by a verse cited in the M and TA,]) signifies also The [south, or southerly, wind called] جَنُوب. (M, K.) سَلَامَانٌ A kind of tree, (S, M, K,) growing in soft, or plain, tracts: (M:) Az says, it is like the أَلَآء, which is a tree resembling the myrtle, which changes not in the midst of summer, and which has a produce resembling the head [or ear] of millet (ذُرَة), except that it is smaller than the الآء; tooth-sticks (مَسَاوِيك) are made from it; and its produce is like that of the الآء; and it grows in the sands and the deserts: (TA in art. الأ:) n. un. with ة. (M.) نَمْلُ سُلَيْمَانُ Red ants [lit. the ants of Solomon]. (TA voce أَحْوَى, in art. حو.) سُلَّمٌ A ladder, or a series of stairs or steps, syn. مِرْقَاةٌ, (M, K,) and دَرَجَةٌ, (M,) or مِعْرَاجٌ, (Msb,) upon which one ascends; (S, Mgh;) either of wood or of clay [&c.]: (Mgh:) said by Zj to be so called because it delivers thee (يُسَلِّمُكَ) to the place to which thou desirest to go, (Mgh, TA,) i. e., to some high place, and thou hopest for safety (السَّلَامَة) by means of it: (Er-Rághib, TA:) masc. and fem.; (Lth, M, Mgh;) [app., accord. to Lth and F, generally fem.; for] accord. to Lth, one says, هِىَ السُّلَّمُ and هُوَ السُّلَّمُ; (Mgh;) [and F says,] it is sometimes made masc.: (K:) pl. سَلَالِيمُ (S, Mgh, K) and سَلَالِمُ, (K,) [which latter is the original, for] the ى in سَلَالِيمُ is added by poetic license. (M, TA.) [Hence,] السُّلَّمُ (assumed tropical:) Certain stars, below [those called] العَانَةُ, on the right of them; (K;) as being likened to the سُلَّم [above-mentioned]. (TA.) b2: And The غَرْز [or stirrup of the camel's saddle] (S, K) is sometimes thus called [as being a means of mounting]. (S.) b3: And (tropical:) A means to a thing; (K, TA;) because it leads to another thing like as does the سُلَّم upon which one ascends. (TA.) b4: And السُّلَّمُ is the name of The horse of Zebbán (in the CK Zeiyán) Ibn-Seiyár. (K.) سَالِمٌ: see سَلِيمٌ; and see سَلَامٌ, near the middle of the paragraph. [See also an ex. voce شَاجِبٌ.]

b2: [Hence,] كَلِمَةٌ سَالِمَةُ العَيْنَيْنِ (tropical:) A good word or expression or sentence. (TA.) A2: The saying of J [in the S], (K,) in which he has followed his maternal uncle El-Fárábee, (TA,) that it signifies The portion of skin between the eye and the nose, is a mistake; (IB, K;) and his citation, as an authority, of the verse of 'AbdAllah Ibn-'Omar (K) in which he says, وَجِلْدَةُ بَيْنَ العَيْنِ وَالأَنْفِ سَالِمُ (TA,) is futile: (K:) for, as IB says, Sálim was the son of Ibn-'Omar, who, by reason of his love of him, thus makes him to be as the skin between his eyes and his nose: or, as MF says, the truth is, that the said verse is by Zuheyr, and Ibn-'Omar used it as a proverb: and [SM says], if this be correct, it strengthens the saying of J. (TA.) أَسْلَمُ [More, and most, safe or secure or free from evils of any kind]. You say, هٰذَا أَسْلَمُ مِنْ هٰذَا [This is more safe &c. than this]: and هٰذَا الأَسْلَمُ [This is the most safe &c.]; and هٰذِهِ السُّلْمَى. (Ham p. 214.) A2: And الاسلم [app. الأَسْلَمُ] signifies, like الطفى [i. e. الطَّفْىُ]; The leaves (خُوص) of the دَوْم [or Theban palm]. (Ibn-Beytár, app. from AHn, cited by De Sacy in his Chrest. Arabe, 2nd ed., iii. 480.) الإِسْلَامُ [inf. n. of 4, q. v. b2: It is the general term for The religion of Mohammad: differing from الإِيمَانُ, as shown above: see 4. b3: and hence, for أَهْلُ الإِسْلَامِ, or the like,] The Muslims, collectively. (M in art. بيض, &c.) إِسْلَامِىٌّ [Of, or relating to, الأِسْلَام as meaning the religion of Mohammad. b2: And particularly] A poet of the class next after the مُخَضْرَمُون and next before the مُوَلَّدُون. (Mz 49th نوع.) [See the Preface to the present work, p. ix.] The most celebrated of the poets of this class, it seems, were Jereer, El-Farezdak, El-Akhtal, and Dhu-rRummeh, who were contemporaries, and flourished in the first and second centuries of the Flight. (Mz ubi suprà, and Ibn-Khillikán in art. جَرِير.) b3: لَفْظٌ إِسْلَامِىٌّ A word, or phrase, introduced, or used in a new sense, on the occasion of the promulgation and establishment of the religion of الإِسْلَام, by means of the Kur-án &c. (Mz 20th نوع.) الأُسَيْلِمُ [The vena salvatella;] a certain vein (S, M, K) in the hand, (M,) between the little finger and the finger next to this: (S, K:) it occurs only [thus] in the dim. form. (M.) مُسْلِمٌ act. part. n. of 4 [q. v.]. (Msb.) وَاجْعَلْنَا مُسْلِمِينَ لَكَ, in the Kur ii. 122, means And make both of us self-resigned, or submissive, to Thee: (Bd, Jel:) or, sincere in religion, or without hypocrisy, towards Thee; syn. مُخْلِصَيْنِ: (M, Bd:) and therefore مسلمين is made trans. by means of ل. (M.) b2: [It commonly means One who holds, or professes, the religion of الإِسْلَام.] And one says, ↓ كَأَنَ كَافِرًا ثُمَّ هُوَاليَوْمَ مُسْلَمَةٌ [He was an unbeliever: then, to day, he has become a Muslim]. (M.) مَسْلَمَةٌ: see what next precedes.

المُسَلَّم is said to be used in the sense of ↓ المُسْتَلَم in the saying of El-'Ajjáj, بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَالكَعْبَةِ المُسَلَّممِ [Between Es-Safà and the Kaabeh of which the Black Stone is touched with the hand, or kissed: see 8]. (M.) مَسْلُومٌ: see سَلِيمٌ. b2: b3: Also A hide, or skin, tanned with [قَرَظ, or leaves of] the سَلَم. (S, M.) أَرْضٌ مَسْلُومَآءُ A land abounding with the trees called سَلَم. (M, K.) b2: Suh says, on the authority of AHn, that مَسْلُومَآءُ is a name for A collection of سَلَم; like مَشْيُوخَآءُ applied to “ many elders, or men advanced in age. ” (TA.) المُسْتَلَم: see المُسَلَّم. b2: مُسْتَلَمُ القَدَمَيْنِ meansA man soft, or tender, in the feet. (TA.)

(س ل م) : (سَلِمَ) مِنْ الْآفَاتِ (وَمِنْهُ) قَوْلُهُ سَلِمَتْ لَهُ الضَّيْعَةُ أَيْ خَلَصَتْ وَبِمَصْدَرِهِ سُمِّيَتْ (سَلَّامَةُ) بِنْتُ مَعْقِلٍ أَمَةُ الْحُتَاتِ بِضَمِّ الْحَاءِ وَالتَّاءَيْنِ بِنُقْطَتَيْنِ مِنْ فَوْقَ وَقِيلَ بِالْبَاءَيْنِ بِنُقْطَةٍ وَالسَّارِقَةُ فِي حَدِيثِ أَبِي الدَّرْدَاءِ (وَبِاسْمِ الْفَاعِلِ) مِنْهُ سُمِّيَ سَالِمُ ابْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ رَاوِي حَدِيثِ رَفْعِ الْيَدَيْنِ (وَبِفَعَّالِ الْمُبَالَغَةِ) سُمِّيَ وَالِدُ أَبِي عُبَيْدٍ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ سَلَّامٍ وَأَبِي نَصْرٍ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَلَّامٍ (وَبِفَعْلَانَ مِنْهُ) سُمِّيَ سَلْمَانُ الْفَارِسِيُّ وَسَلْمَانُ بْنُ رَبِيعَةَ الْبَاهِلِيُّ قَاضِي الْكُوفَةِ (وَسَلْمَانُ) أَيْضًا حَيٌّ مِنْ الْعَرَبِ إلَيْهِ يُنْسَبُ عُبَيْدَةُ السَّلْمَانِيُّ مِنْ التَّابِعِينَ وَالْمُحَدِّثُونَ عَلَى التَّحْرِيكِ وَأَنْكَرَهُ السِّيرَافِيُّ (وَأَمَّا سُلَيْمَانُ) فَأَعْجَمِيٌّ (وَالسَّلَمُ) بِفَتْحَتَيْنِ مِنْ الْعِضَاهِ (وَبِوَاحِدَتِهِ) سُمِّيَ سَلَمَةُ بْنُ صَخْرٍ الْبَيَاضِيُّ (وَكُنِّيَ) أَبُو سَلَمَةَ زَوْجُ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ قَبْلَ النَّبِيِّ - عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ - وَأَبُو سَلَمَةَ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ الزُّهْرِيُّ (وَقَوْلُهُ) السُّلَّمُ لَا يَدْخُلُ فِي الْبَيْعِ مِنْ غَيْرِ ذِكْرٍ سَوَاءٌ كَانَ مِنْ خَشَبٍ أَوْ مَدَرٍ يَعْنِي: الْمِعْرَاجَ وَهُوَ مَا يُعْرَجُ فِيهِ وَيُرْتَقَى عَلَيْهِ وَقَدْ يُؤَنَّثُ قَالَ اللَّيْثُ يُقَالُ هِيَ السُّلَّمُ وَهُوَ السُّلَّمُ وَالْجَمْع السَّلَالِيمُ قَالَ الزَّجَّاجُ - رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ - سُمِّيَ بِهَذَا لِأَنَّهُ يُسَلِّمُك إلَى حَيْثُ تُرِيدُ (وَأَسْلَمَ الثَّوْبَ) إلَى الْخَيَّاطِ وَأَسْلَمَ فِي الْبُرِّ أَسْلَفَ مِنْ السَّلَمِ وَأَصْلُهُ أَسْلَمَ الثَّمَنَ فِيهِ فَحُذِفَ وَقَدْ جَاءَ عَلَى الْأَصْلِ (مِنْهُ) قَوْلُهُ إذَا أَسْلَمَ صُوفًا فِي لَبْدٍ أَوْ شَعْرًا فِي مِسْحٍ لَمْ يَجُزْ وَسَلَّمَ إلَيْهِ وَدِيعَتَهُ تَسْلِيمًا (وَأَمَّا قَوْلُهُ) لَا يَتِمُّ الرَّهْنُ حَتَّى يَقُولَ الرَّاهِنُ بَعْدَمَا خَرَجَ مَنْ الدَّارِ سَلَّمْتُكَهَا عَلَى حَذْفِ الْجَارِّ فَسَهْوٌ (وَالسَّلَامُ) اسْمٌ مِنْ التَّسْلِيمِ كَالْكَلَامِ مِنْ التَّكْلِيمِ (وَبِهِ) سُمِّيَ وَالِدُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سَلَامٍ وَكَذَا سَلَامُ بْنُ مِشْكَمٍ عَنْ الْأَزْهَرِيِّ وَغَيْرِهِ وَهُوَ أَبُو زَيْنَبَ وَكَانَ مِنْ الْيَهُودِ وَيُنْشَدُ لِأَبِي سُفْيَانَ
سَقَانِي فَرَوَانِي كُمَيْتًا مُدَامَةً ... عَلَى ظَمَإٍ مِنِّي سَلَامُ بْنُ مِشْكَمِ
وَأَبُو نَصْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَلَامٍ وَاسْتَلَمَ الْحَجَرَ تَنَاوَلَهُ بِالْيَدِ أَوْ بِالْقُبْلَةِ أَوْ مَسَحَهُ بِالْكَفِّ مِنْ السَّلِمَةِ بِفَتْحِ السِّينِ وَكَسْرِ اللَّامِ وَهِيَ الْحَجَرُ (وَبِهَا سُمِّيَ) بَنُو سَلِمَةَ بَطْنٌ مِنْ الْأَنْصَارِ.

(سلم) - فيَ الحديث: "ما من آدمي إلا ومَعَه شيطان. قيل: ومَعَك؟
قال: نعم، ولكن الله تَعَالى أَعانَني عليه، فأَسْلَمُ"
وفي رواية: "حتَّى أَسْلَم".
: أي انْقادَ وكَفَّ عن وَسْوَسَتِى. وقيل: دَخَل في الإسْلام، فسَلِمتُ من شَرِّه.

جمع الجوامع في أصول الفقه
لتاج الدين: عبد الوهاب بن علي بن السبكي، الشافعي.
المتوفى: سنة 771، إحدى وسبعين وسبعمائة.
وهو مختصر، مشهور.
أوله: (نحمدك اللهم على نعم توزن الحمد بازديادها 000 الخ).
ذكر: أنه محيط بالأصلين.
جمعه من زهاء مائة مصنف، مشتمل على زبدة ما في شرحيه على مختصر ابن الحاجب والمنهاج، مع زيادات وبلاغة في الاختصار.
ورتب على مقدمات، وسبعة كتب، ثم علق شيئاً.
وسماه: (منع الموانع).
وله شروح كثيرة أحسنها: شرح المحقق جلال الدين: محمد بن أحمد المحلي الشافعي.
المتوفى: سنة 864، أربع وستين وثمانمائة.
وهو شرح، مفيد، ممزوج.
في غاية التحرير والتنقيح.
وله حواش منها:
حاشية الشيخ: محمد بن داود البازلي، الحموي.
المتوفى: سنة 925، خمس وعشرين وتسعمائة.
وحاشية الشيخ، ناصر الدين، أبي عبد الله: محمد المالكي، القاني.
المتوفى: سنة 954.
وحاشية بدر الدين: محمد بن محمد بن خطيب الفخرية، تلميذ الشارح.
المتوفى: سنة 893، ثلاث تسعين وثمانمائة.
انتدب فيها لرد كثير مما انتقده الكمال: محمد بن محمد بن أبي شريف.
المتوفى: سنة 903، ثلاث وتسعمائة.
في حاشيته عليه.
واستمد فيها من شرحه للكوراني.
وتبعه في تعسفه غالباً، كما ذكره السخاوي في (الضوء اللامع).
وأقول: الذي كتبه الكمال بن أبي شريف المقدسي.
شرح بالقول سماه: (بالدرر اللوامع في تحرير الجامع).
أوله: (أحمد الله على ما منح 000 الخ).
ومن الحواشي المفيدة، على شرح المحلى:
حاشية الفاضل، القاضي: زكريا بن محمد الأنصاري، الشافعي.
المتوفى: سنة 910، عشر وتسعمائة (926).
أولها: (الحمد لله، الذي أعلى معالم دين الإسلام 000 الخ).
وحاشية العلامة، قطب الدين: عيسى بن محمد الصفوي، الإيجي.
نزيل الحرم.
المتوفى: سنة 955، خمس وخمسين وتسعمائة.
ومن شروحه أيضاً:
شرح بدر الدين: محمد بن عبد الله الزركشي، الشافعي.
المتوفى: سنة 749، تسع وأربعين وسبعمائة (794).
سماه: (تشنيف المسامع).
وهو شرح، ممزوج.
وشرح أبي زرعة: أحمد بن عبد الرحيم العراقي.
المتوفى: سنة 826، ست وعشرين وثمانمائة.
اختصر فيه شرح الزركشي.
وسماه: (الغيث الهامع).
أوله: (أما بعد، أحمد الله 000 الخ)، وهو شرح، ممزوج، بالصاد والشين.
وشرح شمس الدين: محمد بن محمد بن الأسدي، الغزي، الشافعي.
المتوفى: سنة 808، ثمان وثمانمائة.
سماه: (تشنيف المسامع) أيضاً.
وله على المتن مناقشات أرسل بها إلى مؤلفه، وهو في صلب ولايته.
سماها: (البروق اللوامع فيما أورد على جمع الجوامع).
فلما رآه أثنى عليه وأجابه عنها في مؤلف سماه: (منع الموانع عن جمع الجوامع) ذكره السخاوي.
وشرح عز الدين: محمد بن أبي بكر، المعروف: بابن جماعة الكناني، الشافعي.
المتوفى: سنة 819، تسع عشرة وثمانمائة، وله نكت عليه.
وشرح شهاب الدين: أحمد بن الحسين بن رسلان الرملي، القسي، الشافعي.
المتوفى: سنة 844، أربع وأربعين وثمانمائة.
وشرح برهان الدين: إبراهيم بن محمد القبقابي القدسي.
المتوفى في حدود: سنة 850، خمسين وثمانمائة.
وشرح أبي العباس: أحمد بن خلف بن حلولو (جلولو) العروي، القردي، المتوفى: بعد سنة 895.
وشرح الشيخ: عبد الوهاب بن أحمد الشعراني، الشافعي.
المتوفى: سنة 973، ثلاث وسبعين وتسعمائة (974).
وشرح الشيخ، برهان الدين: إبراهيم بن عمر البقاعي، الشافعي.
المتوفى: سنة 885، خمس وثمانين وثمانمائة.
وشرح الشيخ، شهاب الدين: أحمد بن عبد الله الغزي، الشافعي.
المتوفى: سنة 822، اثنتين وعشرين وثمانمائة.
وشرح المولى، شهاب الدين: أحمد بن إسماعيل الكوراني، ثم القاهري، ثم الرومي، ثم الشافعي.
المتوفى: سنة 893، ثلاث وتسعين وثمانمائة.
وهو شرح، ممزوج.
أوله: (الحمد لله، الذي شيد بمحكمات كتابه 000 الخ).
وسماه: (الدرر اللوامع).
وكان الشرح الذي صنفه المحلى في غاية التحرير والإتقان، مع الإيجاز، ورغب الأئمة في تحصيله وقراءته، وقرأه على مؤلفه من لا يحصى، ولما ولي تدريس البوقوقية بعد الكوراني.
كان سبباً لتعقب الكوراني عليه في شرحه بما ينازع في أكثره كذا في الضوء.
وشرح الشيخ، العلامة: أحمد بن قاسم العبادي الشافعي.
المتوفى: سنة 994.
وهو كتاب، كبير.
في مجلدين.
سماها: (الآيات البينات).
أوله: (أحمد الله على جزيل إحسانه 000 الخ).
ذكر فيه أنه بين اندفاع ما أورد عليه، وعلى الشرح (للمحلى) من الاعتراضات.
وشرح الشيخ: عبد البر بن محمد بن الشحنة الحلبي، الحنفي.
المتوفى: سنة 921، إحدى وعشرين وتسعمائة.
ونظم (جمع الجوامع).
للشيخ، شهاب الدين: أحمد بن محمد بن عبد الرحمن الطوحي، الشافعي.
المتوفى: سنة 893، ثلاث وتسعين وثمانمائة.
ونظم رضي الدين: محمد بن محمد بن الغزي.
المتوفى: سنة 935، خمس وثلاثين وتسعمائة.
وشرح هذا المنظوم لولده بدر الدين: محمد الغزي، ثم الدمشقي، الشافعي.
المتوفى: سنة 984، أربع وثمانين وتسعمائة.
ونظم جلال الدين: عبد الرحمن بن أبي بكر السيوطي.
المتوفى: سنة 911، إحدى عشرة وتسعمائة.
سماه: (الكوكب الساطع).
وشرح هذا المنظوم له أيضاً.

عرق
لَبَنُ عَرِقٌ: أصابَه عَرَقٌ فَفَسَدَ طَعْمُه. والعَرَقُ: اللبَن. وهذه غَنَمُ عَرَقٍ ث مضاف. وأعْرَقُ لَيْلةٍ في السنة: أكْملها لَبَناً. وعُرُوْقُ كل شي: أصوله المُتَشعبَة.
وَعَرَقَ عُرُوْقاً في الأرْض: اذْهَبَها. واسْتَأصَلَ اللهُ عِرْقَاتهم: أي أصْلَهم؛ وهو على بِناء سِعْلاة، وقيل: واحده عِرقَة، وقد فُتحَت التاء تخفيفاً؛ وهي لغةٌ.
قال الصاحبُ الجليل: الذي أوجبه القياسُ الصحيح كَسرَ التاء من عِرْقاتهم؛ لأنها التاءُ الزائدة، إلا أن الخليلَ قال: تقول: استأصَل اللهُ عَرَقاتهم، كذا قال بنصب العين والراء؛ وينصبون التاءَ روايةً عنهم، ولا يجعلونه كالتاء الزائدة في جمع التأنيث.
فأما الأصمعي وغيره فيروون استأصَلَ اللهُ عرْقاتهم على لفظ الواحد، والعرقاة أصلُ الشيء على وَزْنِ سِعاة. وفي الروايتين جميعاً قد أقيمت اللامُ مقامَ الراء؛ كما تقول العربُ: عِلْقُ مَضِنةٍ وعِرْقُ مَضِنةٍ.
والعِرقُ: الحبل الصغير. ونَبات أصْفَرُ يُصْبغُ به، والجميعُ العُرُوْق.
ولَبَنٌ حَدِيْثُ العِرْقِ: أي حديثُ العَهْد لم يَتغير ْطَعْمُه. وعرْقُ الماءِ: مَنْبَعه.
وماءٌ عَرَق: طيب. والعِرْقُ من الأرْض: ما يُنْبِتُ العِكْرِشَ. وَرَفَعْتُ عَرَقاً من الحائط، والجميع الأعْراق. وهو مُعْرَق له في الكرَم أو اللؤم، ومَعْرُوْق له أيضاً.
وعًرقَ فيه أعْمامُه وأعْرَقوا. وأعْرَقَ فيه أعْراقُ العَبيد: خالَطَه ذلك وتَخلَقَ بأخْلاقِهم. وأعرَقَ الفَرَسُ: صارَ عَريقاً.
وأعْرَقَ الشجَرُ: امتدتْ عُرُوْقُه. وأعرَق: أتى العِراقَ. والعِرَاقُ: شاطئ البَحْر، وبه سميَت العِراق. وعِراق المزادةِ: الخَرْزُ المَثْنِي في أسْفَلِه، وقيل: به سُمِّيَ العِراق، لإحاطَتِها بأرض العَرَب، وجمعُهُ عُرُقٌ. والعِراقُ: مَنابتُ الشجَر، الواحِدُ عِرْقٌ، وبه سميَ العِراق.
والعراقُ والعِرْقُ: قُطْرُ الجَبَل وحده. ويُقال للفَرَس عندَ اسْتِلال العَرَقِ والصنْعَة: احْمِلْه على العِراقِ الأعْلى والعِراق الأسْفَل، يعني: الشديدَ والدوْنَ. وَعَرقْتُه: أخَذْتَ عَرَقَه. والعَرْقُوَةُ: الخَشَبَة المَعْروضةُ على الدلْو وعلى عَضُد القَتَب، ويُقال عُرْقُوَةٌ أيضاً. ودَلو مًعَرْقاة ومَعْرُوْقَة.
والعَرْقُوَةُ: كل أكَمَةٍ مُنْقادةٍ في الأرض. والجَبَلُ الغليظ لا يُرْتَقى لصُعُوَبتِه وليس بطويل. والعُرَاق: العَظْمُ أخِذَ عنه الفَحْم، وعَرَقْتُه واعْتَرَقْته وتعَرقته.
فإذا كان بلحمِه فهو عَرْقٌ وعَرُوْق. وأعْرَقْتُه: أعطيْتَه عَرْقاً. وعُرَاقُ الغَيْث: نَباتُه في أثَره. وفَرَسٌ أمِيْنُ العُرَاق: أي العَصبَ. وَرَجُل مَعروق ومعترق: مهزول.
وَعَرقْتُ في الدلْو: إذا كان دونَ المَلْء، وأعْرَقْتُ أيضاً. والخمْرُ المُعْرَقَة؛ الصرْف، وقيل: القَليلةُ المِزاج. وَتَعرقْتُها: مَزَجْتَها. وأعْرَقَه الساقي: سقاه مُعْرَقاً.
وذاتُ العَرَاقِي: دَاهِيَةٌ. وإِحْدى العَراقي مثلهُ. وما عَرقَ لنا من ثوابكم شيءٌ: أي ما أتانا. والعَرَقُ والعَرًقة: السَفِيْفَة المَنْسوجة أو المَضْفورة، وسميَ الزبِيْلُ عَرَقاً لذلك. ومن الطيْر وغيرهِ: المُصْطَفَة.
وما أعْرَقْتُه شيئاً: أي ما أعطيْته، ويُقال عَرَقْتُه أيضاً. وعرِقْتُ عليه بخيرٍ: نَدِيْت.
والعَرَقُ: الهِبَةُ بعَيْنها. وخُلوصُ المحبة. والجزاء. ومنه: تَكًلَفْتُ له عَرق القِرْبة: أي كلَّ شيءٍ حتى ثَمَن القِرْبة، وقيل: عَرَقُ القِرْبَة أمْرٌ شديدٌ، وقيل: بقية مائها.
والعُرَاقَةُ: النُّطْفَة. ومَرَرْت على عَرَقَةِ الإبل: أي أثَرِها. وفي المَثَل: هو أكْسى من عَرَقَةِ قَينة: لِشَيْءٍ يُتَّخَذ فوقَ الهَوْدج. والعَرَقَةُ: خَشَبَةٌ تُعْرَضُ على الحائط بين اللبِن، وعلى البئر، وبِئْرٌ مُعْرَقَة.
واسْتَعْرَقَ في الشًمْس: جَلَسَ فيها لِيَعْرَقَ. واسْتَعْرَقَت الشجَرُ: ضَرَبَ عُرُوْقُها في الأرض واسْتَفْرَعَتْ. ولا تُعَرقَن لي: أي انظُرْ ما تريد، أي بينْ أمْرَك.
وما أنتَ بِعِرْق مَضِنًةٍ: بمعنى اللام.
وهو يُعَارِقُ فلاناً: أي يُفاخِرُه. ونَزَلَ بِعَرْقايَ وعَرْقائي: أي ساحَتي.

عرق: عَرَّق (بالتشديد): في معجم فوك (مادة طبخ) ما عَرَّق اللحم ولا وَرَّق اللَّحْمَ.
لحم مُعَرَّق (ألف ليلة برسل 4: 136) ومعناه اللفظي لجم جعله يعرق أي طبخه بالبخار في أنية مقفلة. (فليشر معجم ص95).
وَعَرَّقَ التين الجاف أغلاه بالماء الحار للحفظ، مولَّدة. (محيط المحيط).
عَرق: أنظرها في مادة تَعْرقَة.
أَعْرَق: انظر ما جاء في معجم لين قولهم لم نُعْرَق في العجم، أي ليس بيننا وبين البربر قرابة أو واشجة رحم.
أعرقَ فيه أعراقُ العبيد: أي فيه صفات العبيد وخصائصهم. (معجم الطرائف).
وفي نص النواوي الذي نقلته: اللئام ليس جمع لُؤم، بل جمع لئيم كما هو معروف.
عَرَّقَ فيه اللئام: تعبير مثل قولهم عرَّق فيه أعمامه.
وفي معجم فوك (مادة شريف ونبيل): مُغْرِقِ في المجد. ولا بد من إبدال الغين بالعين.
وإذا ما كان لين مصيباً فصواب نطق الكلمة مُعْرَق.
عِرْق: نامية، قضيب فتي ناشي على جذر نبات، وساق الشجرة وساق الجَنّبَة. (بوشر).
عرق عرق: غَرْسة إلى جنب غرسة، شتلة إلى جنب شتلة (بوشر).
عرق الانجبار: تورمونتيل (نبات) (بوشر).
عرق الانجيل: ثيل، نجيل، خافور. اغرس. (نبات. (بوشر).
عرق الانسيل: يقول نيبور في (مشاهدات في بلاد العرب ص126) أن دود المدني أو التنيني تسمى في حلب عَرْق الانسيل. ولا ادري إذا كان هذا هو صواب كتابة الكلمة. عرق الحمرة: دم الأخوين، دم الثعبان، دم التنين، صبر سقطري (نبات). (بوشر، وريده حضرموت (ص130).
عرق الذهب: عرق بيكونكيل، عرق صيني مر، طارد الحمَّى، دافع الحمَّى، هاضوم، مساعد المعدة على الهضم. نافع للمعدة (بوشر)، دار الفلفل، (لين عادات 1: 50، سنج) وبخاصة جذر مقيء. (سنج) وفي معجم بوشر: عرق الذهب المطرش مقابل جذر مقيء.
عرق المسهل: حُمَّاض البقر، حماض البر، سلق بري. وهو نبات مسهل (بوشر).
عرق سوس: جذر النبات المسمى سوس.
(جاكسون ص18، تمبكتو ص74، والجمع: عُرُوق سوس (ألكالا) وفيه:- Orocuc ومنه أخذت الكلمة الأسبانية:- Orozous عرق السوس البَلَدي: اسم نبات بالأندلس.
(انظر ابن البيطار 1: 149).
عرق الطيب: ألوة. (سنج) عرق الكافور: اسم يطلقه أهل مكة على الزرنباد، واسمه العلمي: amomum Zerumbeth ( ابن البيطار 1: 523): وقد أساء سونثيمر ترجمته. وانظر (ابن البيطار 2: 189).
عرق اللولو: مرجان متشعب وهو نتاج بحري، بسَّذ، مرجان. عروق دار هرم = عروق السوس. (ابن البيطار 2: 189). وقد أساء سونثيمر ترجمته.
العروق الصفرْ: نبات اسمه العلمي: Chel. idonium Maius ( ابن البيطار 1: 346) ويسمى أيضاً عروق الصبَّاغِين. ابن البيطار (2: 186) (معجم المنصوري). ويسمى عروق فقط (معجم المنصوري).
عِرَق: عصب (ألكالا). وتر، عضلة (هلو).
عُرٌُوق: نبض الشرايين. (هلو).
عرق ضارب: شريان نابض (فوك).
عرق وجمعها عروق: في علم طبقات الارض (جيولوجي) ركيزة المعدن، ركاز (معجم الادريسي).
عرق البدن: عند العامة الاكحل، الوريد المتوسط. (أبو القاسم طبعة شاننج ص460، معجم المنصوري انظر أكحل).
عرق الزور: وداج، وريد في العنق (بوشر).
عرق الماء: بلعوم الحصان. (ابن العوام 2: 673).
عرق النَسَا: العصب الوركي، وهو عصب يمتد من لورك إلى الكعب، عصب في اندماج الفخذ.
(ألكالا، بوشر). وفي معجم المنصوري (مادة نسى): (هذا المصطلح الطبي ليس بالجيد. ولم يذكر في القديم إلا في بيت من الشعر نقله ابن عديس في شرحه للفصيح. ومع ذلك فان الثعالبي يقول إنه الوجع الذي يصيب من جهة النسى فإذا كان هذا كذلك فالمصطلح صحيح) وفي محيط المحيط: وعرق النسا وجع من أوجاع المفاصل يبتدىء من مفصل الورك وينزل إلى خلف على الفخذ ويمتد إلى الركبة وربما بلغ الكعب، والنسا بالفتح والقصر اسم عرق مخصوص، وهو وريد يمتد على الفخذ من الوحشي إلى الكعب. فالقياس أن يقال وجع النسا، ولكن العادة جرت بتسمية وجع النسا بعرق النسا وتقدير الكلام وجع العرق الذي هو النسا، فالإضافة بيانية.
عرق النسا: الأعصاب الوركية. (بوشر).
عرق الأرض: دود الأرض. ففي المستعيني: خراطين هي الديدان التي إذا احتفر الإنسان في الأرض وجدها وهي عروق الأرض. وفي ابن العوام (1: 127): الحيوانات المتولدة في البساتين وغيرها كعروق الأرض والديدان وشبهها (هذا ما ذكر في مخطوطتنا، وفي المطبوع لعروق وهو خطأ) (1: 630). وقد أطلق عليها هذا الاسم لأنها تشبه ركائز الأرض.
عُرْق عند عامة الأندلس واحدته عُرُوقَة. وقد ذكرت في معجم ألكالا بمعنى: اسروع وهي دودة تنخر الكرم، وربما أخذن الكلمة الأسبانية Oruga من هذه الكلمة. ولم أجرأ على ذكرها في معجم الأسبانية لأنها ربما أخذت من الكلمة اللاتينية eruca التي تدل مثل oruga على معنين: على جرجير بري، وعلى أسروع. (انظر دودنيس 1198، ونبريجا) وقد ترجم نبريجا: Oruga gusano بكلمة eruca.
عرق مَدَني: دود مدني، دود غيني تنيني. واسمه العلمي: Filaria Medinensis ( الثعالبي لطائف من 132)، ويرى صاحب معجم المنصوري أن هذه الكلمة مشتقة من كلمة عرق بمعنى وريد لأنه يقول: كأنها عرق يمتدّ شيئاً بعد شيء حتى يفنى. ونفس هذا الاشتقاق في محيط المحيط (وفيه العرق البدني وهو خطأ) ..
وقد ترجمها نيبور في ملاحظات عن بلاد العرب (ص126) ب Vena Medinensis. وفي ريشادسن (صحاري 1: 196): (وقد أراني رجل موضع قرحة على دراعه سماها عرق العبيد. وهي دملة كبيرة بارزة في وسطها ثغرة أو فتحة يخرج منها من وقت إلى آخر دودة رفيعة كمثل خيط الحرير الرفيع وهي أحياناً ليست أغلظ من خيط نسج العنكبوت قصيرة الطول. وقد تبلغ هذه الدودة أحياناً عشرين ياردة تنسرب قطعة قطعة. وهو مرض شائع في السودان يصاب به التجار وينقلونه إلى الصحراء، وإنما يصابون به من شرب ماء هذه البلاد).
وقد أخطأ حين كتب الكلمة عرك بالكاف بدل القاف وما يذكره عن أصل الكلمة في تعليقه عليها خطأ أيضاً. انظر أيضاً: (غدامس ص346 - 347، زيشر 28: 207).
ويقول بارت 3: (3: 305): (مرض يعاني منه السكان ويسمونه مكردم (مجردم) ويسميه العرب عروق أو قرنيتت وهو اسم يطلق على دودة غينية وإن كان يختلف عنها كثيراً فيما يبدو، وسببه دودة في الأصبع الصغيرة من القدم وتتغلغل في المفاصل وتنخر اللحم وتبدو في مظهرها كأنها قد بطت بخيط. وأرىأن هذه الدودة هي نفس الحشرة التي تسمى ماليس الأمريكية أو سوفاجيسي أو ما تسمى عادة بالدودة المتغلغلة، وهي معروفة في أمريكا بأنها حشرة صغيرة سوداء).
عِرْق: فصيلة، شعبة من قبيلة، فرع منها. (دوماس قبيل ص47 - 48).
عِرْق: تلّ غير مرتفع، رابية قليلة الارتفاع، (برتون 2: 66).
عِرْق: ربوة من الرمال، وكثيب متنقل (دوماس صحارى ص188، ديزور ص21).
ويستعمل العرق أيضاً اسماً للجنس وجمعها العروق: ويطلقونه على تلال متتالية وكثيان متنقلة متحركة. (دوماس صحاري ص6، تريسترام ص232، 325، رولفس ص67، بارت 1: 535) وعلى هذا يكون العرق منطقة من كثبان الرمل هي الحدود بين الأراضي. التي تنتقل وترتادها القبائل البدوية في إفريقية. (تاريخ البربر: 67). أو بالأحرى حدود من الكثبان تفصل بين بلاد البربر وبلاد الزنوج (تاريخ البربر 1: 121). أو هي كثبان الرمل التي تفصل منطقة القصور والواحات عن الصحراء. (مجلة الشرق والجزائر السلسة الجديدة 4: 422).
عَرَق. عرق التمر: عصير النخيل ويحصلون عليه بقطع رأس النخلة وحفر رأس الجذع، فالعصير المتجمع في هذه الحفرة ألذ من العسل وأطيب مشروباً، ويكمد لونه بعد وقت قصير فيصبح كثيفاً حرّيفاً حامزاً، فإذا قطَّر صار مشروباً مسكراً.
وهذا هو العَرَق أو العَرَقي. وقد أصبحت هذه الكلمة الاسم الذي يطلقه العرب على كل مشروب شديد الاسكار. (معجم الأسبانية ص196).
عرق الشَجَر: علك، صمغ. (ابن البيطار 2: 189).
عرق البطم: صمغ البطم، تربنتين. (باين سميث 435). عرق يابس: قلفونية (ابن البيطار 2: 189) عرق العروس أو عرق العروسة: طلق (نوع من الحجر) وفي المستعيني حجر الطلق (ابن البيطار 2: 161) واحذف من سونثيمر ابن البيطار 2: 160 فالجملة الأولى وهو موجودة في مخطوطة ي أيضاً تعود إلى مادة طلق (2: 161).
عرق المَوْت: تطلق مجازاً على أكبر كارثة.
(الثعالبي لطائف ص32).
عرق أخضر: هدية تقدم للقاضي رشوة (بوشر).
عَرَقَة: قلق، أنشغال بال، اضطراب فكري، خوف، خشية. (بوشر).
الأرض العُرَقَة: الأرض الندية، الأرض الرطبة. (ابن العَرام 1: 62) وهذا هو صواب قراءتها كما جاء في مخطوطتنا (ص59، 60).
عَرَقي: انظرها في مادة عَرَق.
عرقية: تاج سقف أو قلنسوة على هيئة قالب سكر (الملابس ص298، همبرت ص132، وفيه أرصوصة وهي قلنسوة لها شكل البطيخة).
وفي ألف ليلة (برسل 9: 260): وعلى رأسها خوذة بالذهب مطلية وعرقية بولاد وزردية.
وفي طبعة ماكن (3: 452): بيضة بدل عرقية.
عَرْقِيَّة: طاقية من نسيج الكتان أو القطن توضع تحت الطربوش (الملابس ص298)، (بوشر) وجمعها عراقي، (برجون ص799، همبوت ص21، عواده ص58، دوفانت ص201).
عرقية الراهب: مُضاض أو قلنسوة الراهب، (جنبة، شجيرة) (بوشر).
وعَرْقية التي يذكرها كل من صاحب محيط المحيط روجر وبركهارت وبرجرن يظهر أنها خاصة بسورية. أما بمصر وبلاد البربر فهي عَرَقية.
وأصل هذه الكلمة مشكوك فيه فصاحب محيط المحيط يقول أنها تحريف عِرَاقيَّة نسبة إلى العراق، وقد وجدت بالفعل كلمة عراقية بمعنى طاقيّة (عرق جين) في ألف ليلة (برسل 4: 329) وعند بوسييه. غير أن الذي يعارض هذا أن الثعالبي وهو مؤلف قديم يكتب عرقيات (لطائف ص112) وهو يذكر اسمها بين الأشياء التي تصنع في طبرستان وليس في العراق. أما أصل الكلمة الآخر الذي يذكره (دي يونج وبرجون ولين وهو كلمة عرق (الذي يتشرب العَرَق) فهو يلائم كلمة طاقية (عرق جين) ولا يلائم كلمة تاج اسقف أو قلنسوة أو خوذة.
عِراق: إذا كان الجمع عرائق عند ابن العرام (2: 32) هو جمع عِراق فأرى مع كليمنت- موليه (2: 90 رقم 1) إنه يعني سنفات أو قرون البسلّة والجلبان.
عِراق: لحن موسيقى، صوت (هوست ص258)، صفة مصر 14: 25، سلفادور ص30). عَروق. (مرجان عروق طويل ورقيق). (براكس ص28).
عَروق: كرّاث، ركل، وهو بقل زراعيّ من الفصيلة الزنبقية تطبخ عروقه. (همبرت ص183).
عُرُوقَة: انظرها في مادة عِرْق الأرض.
عُرُوقَة: جرجير بري، حرشاء (نيات) (ألكالا) وهي بهذا المعنى تقابل الكلمة اللاتينية eruce.
عِرَاقِيَّة: نوع من المزامير. (صفة مصر 13: 417).
عِرَاقيَّة: انظرها في مادة عرقية.
عُرَّاقَة: لبدة توضع تحت سرج الخيل. سميت بذلك لأنها تتشرب العرق. (صفة مصر 12: 459) وانظر معجم لين.
أَعْرَق: يمكن أن نضيف إلى ما ذكره لين تعليقة السيد دي يونج على لطائف المعارف للثعالبي (ص3) والمقدمة 2: 314.
تَعْرِيق: قوة الأعصاب. (ألكالا).
تَعْرِيقَة: بذكر بوسييه في مادة عَرَّق أي رسم حلقة الحرف، يقال مثلاً: عَرَّق النون أي رسم حلقة النون. ويذكر في مادة مُعَرَّق: حرف ينتهي بقوس يلتوي إلى اليمين (اقرأ إلى اليسار) يمر تحت الخط الذي يكتبون عليه، وهي حروف ي ن م ل ق ص س. وهكذا يقال تعريقة السين، ففي المقري (3: 135): فما رأيت رجلا أكثر أخباراً ولا أظرف نوادر منه فما حفظته من حديثه أن رجلا من الأدباء مرَّ برجل من الغرباء وقد قام بين ستة أطفال جعل ثلاثة عن يمينه وثلاثة عن شماله وأخذ ينشد.
ما كنت احسب أن أبقى كذا أبداً ... أعيش والدهر في أطرافه حتفُ
ساس بستة أطفال توسطهم ... شخصي كأحرف ساس وسطها ألفُ
قال فتقدَّمت إليه وقلت فأين تعريقة السين؟ فقال طالب وربّ الكعبة ثم قال للآخر من جهة يمينه قم فقام يجرّ رجله كأنه مبطول فقال هذا تمام تعريقة السين.
مَعْرَقَة: طاقية مصنوعة من وبر الجمل (الملابس ص299) أو من القطن (هاملتون ص11).
مَعَرَّق: عصبي، قوي، متين (ألكالا).
مُعَرَّق: لا ادري معنى هذه الكلمة حين يوصف بها نبات ففي ابن البيطار (1: 4) له ساق مستديرة معرّفة وفيه (1: 127) في كلامه عن البردي: وهي خوّارة معرّفة تتشظاً إذا رضت إلى شظايا دقيقة، والتشديد في مخطوطة أ. ويقال دُبّاء أو قَرْع معرّق (ابن العوام 2: 224).
مْعَرَّقِيّ: عصبي (ألكال).
معريق: قرحة في الإصبع. (دومب ص88).

عرق

1 عَرَقَ العَظْمَ, (S, O, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (S, O, Msb,) inf. n. عَرْقٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and مَعْرَقٌ; (S, O, K; [see an ex. of the last voce عَارِقٌ;]) and ↓ تعرّقهُ; (S, O, K;) He ate off the flesh from the bone, (S, O, Msb, K, TA,) taking it with his fore teeth: (TA:) and one says also اللَّحْمَ ↓ تعرّق [meaning as above]: (Lh, TA in art. نهس:) and العَظْمَ ↓ اعترق is likewise said to signify as above. (TA.) b2: عَرَقْتُ مَا عَلَى العُرَاقِ مِنَ اللَّحْمِ I pared off what was on the bone, of flesh, with a مِعْرَق, i. e. a large, or broad, knife or blade. (TA.) b3: And [hence,] عَرَقَتْهُ السِّنُونَ, aor. as above, i. e. [The years, or droughts, or years of drought,] took from him [his flesh, or rendered him lean]; namely, a man. (TA.) الخُطُوبُ ↓ تَعَرَّقَتْهُ, also, signifies the like, i. e. [Afflictions, or calamities,] took from him [his flesh, &c.]. (TA.) بِى عَامُ المَعَاصِيمِ ↓ أَيَّامَ أَعْرَقَ cited by Th, he expl. as meaning In the days when the year of the مَعَاصِم took away my flesh: i. e., when the dirt, consequent upon drought, reached my مَعَاصِم [or wrists]; المَعَاصِيمِ being here used by poetic license for المَعَاصِمِ: but ISd says, “I know not what this explanation is. ” (L.) And عُرِقَ, inf. n. عَرْقٌ, signifies He (a man) was, or became, emaciated, or lean. (K.) ↓ التَّعَرُّقُ is also used in relation to other than material objects; as the strength and patience of camels, which are meant by خِلَالَهُنَّ [“ their properties ” or “ qualities,” خِلَال in this case being pl. of خَلَّةٌ,] in the phrase يَتَعَرَّقُونَ خِلَالَهُنّ [They exhaust, or wear out, their properties, or qualities, of strength and patience], in a verse cited by IAar, describing camels and a company of riders. (TA.) b4: [Hence, app.,] طَرِيقٌ يَعْرُقُهُ النَّاسُ (K, TA) A road which men travel [as though they pared it]. (TA.) A2: عَرَقَ فِى الأَرْضِ, (S, O, K,) aor. ـِ (S, O, TA,) not عَرُقَ, as seems to be required by the method of the K, (TA,) inf. n. عُرُوقٌ (S, O, TA) and عَرْقٌ, (TA,) He (a man, S, O, TA) went away into the country, or in the land; syn. ذَهَبَ [which, followed by فى الارض, often means he went into the open country, or out of doors, to satisfy a want of nature]. (S, O, K, TA.) A3: عَرَقَ المَزَادَةَ, (K, TA,) and السُّفْرَةَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. عَرْقٌ, (TA,) He made to the مَزَادَة [or leathern water-bag], (K, TA,) and to the سُفْرَة [or round piece of skin in which food is put and upon which one eats], (TA,) what is termed an عِرَاق [q. v.]. (K, TA.) A4: عَرِقَ, (S, O, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. عَرَقٌ, (Msb,) He sweated. (S, O, K.) b2: and [hence, app.,] عَرِقَ, inf. n. عَرَقٌ, said of a wall, It became moist: [or it exuded moisture:] and in like manner one says of earth, or land, when the dew, or rain, has percolated in it (نَتَحَ فِيهَا) so that it has met the moisture thereof. (TA.) b3: [It is also said in the TA, in the supplement to this art., that عرقت اليه بِخَبَرٍ means ندبت: but I think that the phrase is correctly عَرِقْتُ إِلَيْهِ بِخَيْرٍ; and the explanation, نَدِيتُ: meaning I did to him good: see art. ندو and ندى.] b4: and عَرِقَ, (O, K,) inf. n. عَرَقٌ, (TA,) signifies also He was, or became, heavy, sluggish, lazy, or indolent. (O, K.) A5: عَرُقَ, inf. n. عَرَاقَةٌ, It had root: and he was of generous origin. (MA.) [See also 4, latter half.]2 عَرَّقَ see 4, third sentence. b2: عرّق الشَّرَابَ, (S, O, K,) inf. n. تَعْرِيقٌ, (S, O,) He mixed the wine, [with water,] not doing so immoderately: (S, O:) or he put a little water into it; as also ↓ اعرقهُ; (K;) or the latter signifies he put into it some water, not much: (S:) [but] accord. to Lh, الكَأْسَ ↓ أَعْرَقْتُ signifies I filled the cup of wine: or, accord. to IAar, عَرَّقْتُ الكَأْسَ signifies I put little water to the cup of wine; and so ↓ أَعْرَقْتُهَا: but the former of these two phrases is also expl. as meaning I mixed the cup of wine; whether with little or much water not being specified: (TA:) and الخَمْرَةَ ↓ تَعَرَّقْتُ signifies I mixed [with water the wine, or portion of wine]. (Ham p. 561.) b3: عرّق فِى الدَّلْوِ, (S, O, K, TA,) inf. n. as above; (O, K;) and فِيهَا ↓ اعرق; (O, K, TA;) He put into the bucket less water than what would fill it, (S, O, K,) on the occasion of drawing: (S, O:) or he put little water into the bucket; and so فِى السِّقَآءِ [into the skin]: (TA:) and عَرِّقْ فِى الإِنَآءِ Put thou less than what would fill it into the vessel. (S.) b4: بَرَّقْتَ وَعَرَّقْتَ Thou madest a sign with a thing, that had nothing to verify it, [or madest a false display, or a vain promise,] and didst little. (IAar, TA in this art and in art. برق.) A2: عرّق الفَرَسَ, (O, TA,) inf. n. as above; and ↓ اعرقهُ; (TA;) He made the horse [to sweat, or] to run in order that he might sweat, and become lean, and lose his flabbiness of flesh. (O, * TA.) A3: See also 4, again, in three places.4 أَعْرَقَ see 1, former half.

A2: اعرقهُ عَرْقًا He gave him a bone with flesh upon it, or of which the flesh had been eaten. (TA.) b2: And [hence, app.,] مَاأَعْرَقْتُهُ شَيْئًا and ↓ مَا عَرَّقْتُهُ I gave him not anything. (O, TA.) b3: And عرقهُ He gave him to drink pure, or unmixed, wine; or wine with a little mixture [of water]. (Ham p. 561.) b4: See also 2, in four places.

A3: اعرق الفَرَسَ: see 2, last sentence but one.

A4: اعرق الشَّجَرُ, (S, O, K,) and النَّبَاتُ, (S,) The trees, (S, O, K,) and the plants, (S,) extended their roots into the earth; (S, O, K, * TA;) in the K, اِشْتَدَّتْ is erroneously put for اِمْتَدَّتْ, and so [in one place] in the O; (TA;) as also ↓ تعرّق, said of trees, (M, O, TA,) and ↓ عرّق, (M, TA,) and in like manner, ↓ اعترق, and ↓ استعرق, said of trees, i. e., struck their roots into the earth, as in the A: (TA:) [but accord. to Mtr,] in the phrase فِى ↓ رَجُلٌ لَهُ شَجَرَةٌ تَعَرَّقَتْ مِلْكِ غَيْرِهِ, meaning [A man of whom a tree] whereof the root crept along beneath the ground [into the property of another], in [one of the books of which each is entitled] “ the Wáki'át,”

تعرّقت should correctly be ↓ عَرَّقَتْ. (Mgh.) b2: [Hence,] one says, أَعْرَقَ فِيهِ أَعْمَامُهُ وَأَخْوَالُهُ [His paternal uncles and his maternal uncles implanted, or engendered, in him, by natural transmission, a quality, or qualities, possessed by them, or what is termed a strain]; (S, O, TA; [in which the meaning is indicated by the context;]) and so ↓ عرّق. (L, TA.) [See also the saying ضَرَبَتْ فِيهِ فُلَانَةُ بِعِرْقٍ ذِى أَشَبٍ in the second quarter of the first paragraph of art. ضرب.] And أُعْرِقَ, (S, O, [agreeably with the context in both, in like manner as it is with explanations of phrases here preceding,]) or أَعْرَقَ, (K, [but I know nothing that is in favour of this latter except a questionable explanation of مُعْرِقٌ which will be mentioned below, voce عَرِيقٌ,]) said of a man, and likewise of a horse, (S, O,) He was, or became, rooted (عَرِيقًا), (S, O, K,) i. e. one having a radical, or hereditary, share (لَهُ عِرْقٌ), in generousness or nobleness [of origin, which, accord. to the S and O, and common usage, seems to be implied by the verb when used absolutely], (S, O, K,) and also in meanness or ignobleness [thereof; meaning he had a strain of, i. e. an inborn disposition to, generousness or nobleness, and also meanness or ignobleness]. (S, * O, * K.) [See an ex. in a verse cited voce طَابٌ, in art. طيب. And see also the last form of 1 (عَرُقَ) in the present art.]

A5: أَعْرَقَ also signifies He (a man, S, O) went, or came, (صَارَ, S, or أَتَى, K,) or journeyed, (سَارَ, O,) to El-'Irák: (S, O, K:) and ↓ اعترقوا They entered upon, or took their way in or into, the country of El-'Irák. (Th, TA.) 5 تَعَرَّقَ see 1, former half, in four places: A2: and 2, former half: A3: and 4, former half, in two places.

A4: تَعَرَّقْ فِى ظِلِّ نَاقَتِى Walk thou in the shade of my she-camel, and profit by it, little and little. (TA.) A5: صَارَعَهُ فَتَعَرَّقَهُ He wrestled with him, and took his head beneath his armpit and threw him down. (K.) 8 إِعْتَرَقَ see 1, first sentence: A2: and 4, former half: A3: and the same, last sentence.

A4: اعترق النَّاقَةَ He took the she-camel and tied the cord called زِمَام to her خِطَام [or halter, or the like]. (TA.) 10 استعرق He exposed himself to the heat in order that he might sweat: (IF, O, K:) he stood in a place on which the sun shone, and covered himself with his clothes [for that purpose]. (Z, TA.) A2: See also 4, former half.

A3: استعرقت الإِبِلُ The camels pastured near to the sea or a great river, i. e., in a place of pasture such as is termed عِرَاق: so says Az: or, as AHn says, the camels came to a piece, or tract, of land, such as is termed عِرْق, i. e., one exuding water and producing salt and giving growth to trees. (TA.) Q. Q. 1 عَرْقَيْتُ الدَّلْوَ, inf. n. عَرْقَاةٌ, I bound, or tied, upon the leathern bucket the two cross-pieces of wood called the عَرْقُوَتَانِ. (S.) عَرْقٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and ↓ عُرَاقٌ (K) [the latter also a pl.] A bone of which the flesh has been taken: (S, O:) or a bone of which the flesh has been eaten: (Msb, K:) or a bone of which most of the flesh has been taken, some thin and savoury portions of flesh remaining upon it: (TA:) or the former signifies a bone upon which is flesh: and one upon which is no flesh: or, as some say, whereof most of that which was upon it has been taken, some little remaining upon it: (Mgh:) or, as some say, a piece of flesh-meat; as also ↓ عَرْقَةٌ: (TA:) or عَرْقٌ signifies a bone with its flesh: and ↓ عُرَاقٌ, a bone of which the flesh has been eaten: (K:) thus they are correctly expl. accord. to Ez-Zejjájee; and the like is said by Az respecting ↓ عُرَاقٌ: (TA:) but accord. to A'Obeyd, this signifies a piece of flesh-meat; and IAmb says that this is the right explanation, because the Arabs say أَكَلْتُ العُرَاقَ, and they do not say أَكَلْتُ العَظْمَ: (Har p.26:) [or, app., the flesh-meat of a bone: and likewise the portions, of trees, that are cropped by camels: (see عُرَامٌ:)] the pl. (of عَرْقٌ, S, Mgh, O) is ↓ عُرَاقٌ, (S, Mgh, O, K,) which is extr, (IAth, K,) a pl. of a measure of which, as that of a pl., there are few instances, (ISk, S, O,) [see an ex. voce جَنَاحٌ,] and عِرَاقٌ, also, (IAar, K,) which is more agreeable with analogy. (IAar, TA.) b2: Also A road which men travel [as though they pared it] so that it becomes plainly apparent: (K, * TA:) an inf. n. used as a subst. [properly so termed]. (TA.) b3: See also عَرَقٌ, near the end.

عِرْقٌ A certain appertenance of a tree; (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K;) the root thereof; or the part thereof that is beneath the ground; (MA;) or its branching roots [collectively]: (TA:) pl. [of mult.] عُرُوقٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and عِرَاقٌ and [of pauc.] أَعْرَاقٌ. (K.) b2: It is said in a trad., لَيْسَ لِعِرْقٍ ظَالِمٍ حَقٌّ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb,) i. e. لِذِى عِرْقٍ

ظَالِمٍ, (Mgh, O, Msb,) meaning (tropical:) [There is no right pertaining] to him who plants, (S, Mgh, O, Msb,) or sows, (S,) in land, (Mgh, Msb,) or in land which another has brought into cultivation (S, O, Msb) after it has been waste, (S, O, Msb, *) wrongfully, in order that he may have a claim to that land: (S, Mgh, O, Msb:) the epithet being tropically applied to the عِرْق, (Mgh, Msb,) as it properly applies to the owner thereof: (Mgh:) but some, in relating this trad., say لِعِرْقِ ظَالِمٍ, making the former noun to be a prefix to the latter, governing it in the gen. case. (O.) b3: The roots of the أَرْطَى (عُرُوقُ الأَرْطَى) are long, red, penetrating into the moist earth, succulent, compact, and dripping with water: and to them, in a trad., certain camels are likened in respect of their redness and plumpness and the compactness of their flesh and fat. (TA.) b4: العُرُوقُ also signifies A certain plant with which one dyes: (S, O:) or العُرُوقُ الصُّفْرُ, a certain plant used by the dyers, called in Pers\. زَرْدَچُوبَة [or زَرْدٌ چُوبْ], (K, TA,) i. e. yellow wood: (TA:) or i. q. الهُرْدُ: or المَامِيرَانُ, (K,) or المَامِيرَانُ الصِّينِىُّ: (TA:) or الكُرْكُمُ الصَّغِيرُ: (K:) all which are nearly alike. (TA. [See also بَقْلَةُ الخَطَاطِيفِ, voce بقل.]) b5: And العُرُوقُ الحُمْرُ Madder, (الفُوَّةُ, K, TA,) with which one dyes. (TA.) b6: And العُرُوقُ البِيضُ A certain plant that fattens women; also called المُسْتَعْجِلَةُ. (K.) b7: [عُرُوقٌ seems sometimes to signify Straggling plants or stalks, spreading like roots: see جَنْبَةٌ. b8: And it signifies also Sprouts from the roots of trees: see عُسْلُوجٌ.] b9: And عِرْقٌ signifies also The root, origin, or source, of anything: (K, TA:) and the basis thereof. (TA.) [And particularly The origin of a man, considered as the root from which he springs: hence عِرْقُ الثَّرَى is said to be applied by Imra-el-Keys to Adam, as the root, or source, of mankind; or to Ishmael, as, accord. to some, the root, or source, of all the Arabs: (see “ Le Diwan d'Amro'lkais,” p. 33 of the Ar. text, and p. 103 of the Notes:) and the pl.] أَعْرَاقٌ signifies the ancestors of a man. (Har p. 634.) [And A quality, or disposition, possessed by a parent or by an ancestor or by a collateral of such person, considered as the source of that quality of a disposition in a descendant or in a collateral of a descendant: and such a quality, or disposition, when transmitted; a strain; i. e. a radical, a hereditary, an inborn, or a natural, disposition: and a radical, or hereditary, share in some quality or the like: pl. أَعْرَاقٌ.] One says, تَدَارَكَهُ أَعْرَاقُ خَيْرٍ [Good qualities or dispositions possessed by a parent or by an ancestor or by a collateral of such a person, or strains of a good kind, extended to him]; and أَعْرَاقُ شَرٍّ or سَوْءٍ [evil qualities or dispositions &c., or strains of an evil kind]. (TA.) And العِرْقُ دَسَّاسٌ [The natural disposition is wont to enter; i. e., to be transmitted to succeeding generations]. (TA in art. دس, q. v.) And عرقت فِيهِمْ عِرْقَ سَوْءٍ

[i. e. عَرَّقَتْ, or, accord. to more common usage, أَعْرَقَتْ, meaning She implanted, or engendered, in them, or among them, an evil strain, or radical or hereditary disposition]. (TA in art. ضرب.) And لَهُ عِرْقٌ فِى الكَرَمِ [He has a radical, or hereditary, share in generousness or nobleness of origin]: (S, O:) and in like manner one says of a person between whom and Adam is no living ancestor, لَهُ عِرْقٌ فِى المَوْتِ [He has a radical, or heriditary, share in death]; meaning that he will inevitably die. (O. [See also عَرِيقٌ.]) b10: [Hence, app., A little, or modicum, or small quantity or admixture, of something]. One says, فِيهِ عِرْقٌ مِنْ حُمُوضَةٍ, and مُلُوحَةٍ, i. e. In it is a little, or a modicum, of acidity, and of saltness. (TA.) And فِى الشَّرَابِ عِرْقٌ مِنَ المَآءِ In the wine is a small quantity [or admixture] of water. (S, O, K.) b11: Also A certain appertenance of the body; (O, Msb, K, TA;) i. e. the hollow [canal] in which is the blood; (TA;) [a blood-vessel; a vein, and an artery: also any duct, or canal, in an animal body: and sometimes, though improperly, a nerve: or any one of the appertenances of the body that resemble roots:] pl. [of mult.] عُرُوقٌ (O, Msb, K) and عِرَاقٌ (K) and [of pauc.] أَعْرَاقٌ. (Msb, K.) [Hence it may be applied to A spermatic duct: and hence, app.,] it is said in a trad., عَلَيْكُمْ بِالصَّوْمِ فَإِنَّهُ مَحْسَمَةٌ لِلْعِرْقِ, meaning (assumed tropical:) [Keep ye to fasting, for it is] a cause, or means, of stopping venereal intercourse: or an impediment to venery, and a cause of diminishing the seminal fluid, and of stopping venereal intercourse or passion. (T * and TA in art. حسم.) b12: عُرُوقُ الأَرْضِ means The pores through which exudes the moisture of the earth. (TA.) b13: And (i. e. عروق الارض) i. q. شَحْمَةُ الأَرْضِ [the significations of which see in art. شحم]. (TA.) A2: عِرْقٌ also signifies The body. (K, TA.) Thus in the saying, إِنَّهُ لَخَبِيثُ العِرْقِ [Verily he is corrupt, or impure, in respect of the body]. (TA.) b2: And Milk. (K.) One says, نَاقَتُكَ دَائِمَةُ العِرْقِ, meaning Thy she-camel has a constant flow, or abundance, of milk: or has constant milk. (TA.) [See also عَرَقٌ, first quarter.] b3: And Numerous offspring: (IAar, K:) or milk and offspring; as in the saying, مَا أَكْثَرَ عِرْقَ إِبِلِكَ وَغَنَمِكَ [How abundant are the milk and offspring of thy camels and thy sheep or goats!]. (TA.) [See, again, عَرَقٌ, first quarter.]

A3: Also Salt land that gives growth to nothing. (K.) b2: And (K) A piece, or tract, of land exuding water and producing salt, (AHn, K,) that gives growth to trees, (AHn, TA,) or that gives growth to the [species of tamarisk called] طَرْفَآء: (K:) a signification the contr. of that in the next preceding sentence. (TA.) b3: And A mountain that is travelled, or traversed: (TA:) or a mountain that is rugged, and extending upon the earth, (K, * TA,) debarring one by reason of its height, (TA,) and not to be ascended, because of its difficult nature, (K, TA,) but not long. (TA.) and A small mountain (K, TA) apart from others. (TA.) Thus it has two contr. significations. (K.) b4: And A thin حَبْل [or elongated and elevated tract (not جَبَل as in the CK)] of sand extending along the ground: (K, TA:) or an elevated place: pl. عُرُوقٌ. (K.) b5: See also عِرَاقٌ, latter half, in two places.

A4: عِرْقُ مَضَنَّةٍ and عِلْقُ مَضَنَّةٍ (the latter of which is that commonly known, TA) signify A thing of which one is tenacious; (O;) a thing held in high estimation, of which one is tenacious, (S and K and TA in art. ضن,) and for which people vie in desire: (TA in that art.:) but [said to be] used only in a case of negation: one says, مَا هُوَ عِنْدِى بِعِرْقِ مَضَنَّةٍ, meaning It is not, in my estimation, a thing of any value, or worth. (TA.) عَرَقٌ Sweat; i. e. the moisture, or fluid, that exudes (S, * O, * K, TA) from the skin of an animal; (K, TA;) or the water of the skin, that runs from the roots of the hair: a gen. n.; having no pl.; (TA;) or no pl. of it has been heard: (Msb:) Lth says, I have not heard a pl. of العَرَقُ; but if it be pluralized, it should be, accord. to analogy, أَعْرَاقٌ. (O, TA.) b2: It is metaphorically used [in a similar sense] in relation to other things than animals. (K.) [Thus] it signifies The [exuded] moisture of a well: (K:) and in like manner of earth, or land, when the dew, or rain, has percolated in it (نَتَحَ فِيهَا) so that it has met the moisture thereof. (TA.) b3: And The دِبْس [or honey] of dates; (K;) because it flows, or exudes, from them. (TA.) b4: And Milk; because it flows in the ducts (عُرُوق) [thereof] until it comes at the last to the udder: (K:) or milk at the time of bringing forth; as in the saying, مَا أَكْثَرَ عَرَقَ غَنَمِكِ How abundant is the milk of thy sheep, or goats, at the time of their bringing forth! (Az, O.) [See also عِرْقٌ, latter half.] b5: And (K) The offspring of camels: (S, O, K:) so in the saying, مَا أَكْثَرَ عَرَقَ إِبِلِهِ [How numerous are the offspring of his camels!]. (S, O.) [See, again, عِرْقٌ, latter half.] b6: And Advantage, profit, utility, or benefit: (O, K, TA; in [several of] the copies of the second of which, النَّقْعُ is erroneously put for النَّفْعُ: TA:) and a recompense, or reward: (K, TA; in some copies of the former of which, التُّرَابُ is erroneously put for الثَّوَابُ: TA:) or a little thereof; (K, TA;) likened to عَرَق [as meaning “ sweat ”]. (TA.) عَرَقُ الخِلَالِ means A thing that one gives, or yields, for friendship: (S, O, TA:) or a reward for friendship. (TA.) A poet says, namely El-Hárith Ibn-Zuheyr, describing a sword named النُّون, (O, TA,) belonging to Málik Ibn-Zuheyr, which Hamal Ibn-Bedr took from him on the day when he slew him, and which El-Hárith took from Hamal when he slew him, (TA,) وَيُخْبِرُهُمْ مَكَانَ النُّونِ مِنِّى

وَمَا أُعْطِيتُهُ عَرَقَ الخِلَالِ [And he shall tell them the place of En-Noon, from me, and that I was not given it as a reward for friendship]; meaning, that I took this sword by force. (O, TA. [In the S, the former hemistich of this verse is given differently, and, as is said in the TA, erroneously.]) b7: لَقِيتُ مِنْ فُلَانٍ

عَرَقَ القِرْبَةِ (which is a prov., TA) means [I experienced from such a one] hardship, as expl. by As, who says that he knew not the origin thereof, (S, O,) or difficulty, or distress, as expl. by IDrd: (O:) and it is said that the عَرَق [or sweat] is of the man, not of the قِرْبَة [or water-skin]; and the origin of the saying is, that water-skins (قِرَب) are [generally] carried only by female slaves that bear burdens, and by him who has no assistant; but sometimes a man of generous origin becomes poor, and in need of carrying them himself, and he sweats by reason of the trouble that comes upon him, and of shame; (S, O;) wherefore one says, تَجَشَّمْتُ لَكَ عَرَقَ القِرْبَةِ [expl. in art. جشم], (S,) or جَشِمْتُ إِلَيْكَ عَرَقَ القِرْبَةِ [likewise expl. in art. جشم]: accord. to Ks, the meaning is, I have suffered fatigue, and imposed upon myself difficulty, for thee, [or in coming to thee,] so that I have sweated like the sweating of the water-skin: or, accord. to A'Obeyd, I have imposed upon myself, in coming to thee, what no one has attained, and what will not be; because the قربة does not sweat: (O:) عَرَقُ القِرْبَةِ is a metonymical expression for hardship, and difficulty, or distress; because, when the قربة sweats, its odour becomes foul: or because it has no sweat; therefore it is as though one imposed upon himself an impossible thing: or it means the benefit of the قربة; (which is the flowing of its water, TA;) as though one imposed upon himself such a task that he became in need of the water of the قربة, i. e. of journeying to it; or it means a سَفِيفَة [or plaited suspensory] which the carrier of the قربة puts over his chest [when carrying the قربة on his back]: (K:) accord. to IAar, it signifies the suspensory (مِعْلَاق) by means of which the قربة is carried; as also عَلَقُهَا; (O, TA;) the ر being substituted for ل: (TA: see art. ر:]) but he says also that عَرَقُ القِرْبَةِ means one's sweating with the قربة by reason of the difficulty, or trouble, of carrying it; and عَلَقُهَا, that by which it is tied, or bound, and then suspended: (L, TA:) the former is also said to signify the ↓ عِرَاق [q. v.] of the قربة, that is sewed around it: (TA:) or it means that one has imposed upon himself difficulty, or trouble, or fatigue, like that of the carrier of the قربة, who sweats beneath it by reason of its heaviness. (K.) b8: عَرَقٌ also signifies A heat; i. e. a single run, or a run at once, to a goal, or limit. (S, O, K.) One says, جَرَى الفَرَسُ عَرَقًا or عَرَقَيْنِ The horse ran a heat or two heats. (S, O.) A2: Also A row of horses, and of birds, (S, O, Msb, K,) and the like; (S, Msb;) and any things disposed in a row; (S, O, K, TA;) as also ↓ عَرَقَةٌ; (TA;) or this latter is the n. un. [app. signifying one of such as compose a row]: (S:) pl. أَعْرَاقٌ and عَرَقَاتٌ. (Msb.) [See an ex. in a verse of Tufeyl cited in art. صدر, conj. 5; also cited in the present art. in the S and O.] b2: And Any row of bricks, crude and baked, in a wall: one says, بَنَى البَانِى عَرَقًا وَعَرَقَيْنِ and وَعَرَقَتَيْنِ ↓ عَرَقَةً [The builder built a row of bricks and two rows thereof]: (K, TA:) pl. أَعْرَاقٌ. (TA.) b3: And Roads in mountains; as also ↓ عَرْقَةٌ, (K, TA,) with fet-h and then sukoon. (TA.) b4: And Foot-marks of camels following one another: (K, TA:) n. un.

↓ عَرَقَةٌ. (TA.) [See an ex. of the latter voce طَرَقٌ.] A poet says, وَقَدْ نَسَجْنَ بِالفَلَاةِ عَرَقَا [And they had woven in the desert, or waterless desert, foot-marks in their following one another]. (TA.) b5: And A plait of palm-leaves (S, O, Msb, K) &c. (S, O) before a زَبِيل [so in the S and O] or زِنْبِيل [so in the K, both meaning the same, i. e. a basket,] is made therewith: (S, O, K:) or a زِنْبِيل itself: (K:) or hence (S, O) it signifies also (S, O, Msb) a زَبِيل (S, O) or [what is called] a مِكْتَل (Mgh, Msb) and زِنْبِيل, (Msb,) of large size, woven of palm-leaves, (Mgh,) capable of containing fifteen times as much as the measure termed ضاع, as some say, (Mgh, Msb,) or thirty times as much as that measure: (Mgh:) also pronounced ↓ عَرْقٌ. (K.) b6: [And A suspensory of a زَبِيل: see حَتِىٌّ, in art. حتى. (A similar meaning has been mentioned above, in this paragraph.)]

b7: See also عَرَقَةٌ.

A3: And Raisins. (K. [But this is said in the TA to be extr.: and I think it to have been probably taken from some copy of a lexicon in which زِبَيب has been erroneously written for زِبَيل.]) لَبَنٌ عَرِقٌ Milk of which the flavour is corrupted by the sweat of the camel upon which it is borne; (S, O, K;) the skin containing it being bound upon him without any preservative between it and his side. (S, O.) عُرَقٌ: see عُرَقَةٌ.

عُرُقٌ a pl. of عِرَاقٌ [q. v.]. (Lth, Az, S, &c.) A2: It is also expl. by IAar as meaning People of soundness in religion. (TA.) عَرْقَةٌ: see عَرْقٌ: A2: and see also عَرَقٌ, last quarter.

عِرْقَةٌ: see عِرْقَاةٌ, in four places.

عَرَقَةٌ: see عَرَقٌ, last quarter, in three places. b2: Also The piece of wood, or timber, that intervenes between the [or any] two rows of bricks of a wall. (S, O, K, TA. [ساقَى, in this explanation in the CK, is a mistake for سَافَى, with ف.]) b3: and The border (طُرَّة) that is woven in the sides of the [tent called] فُسْطَاط. (S, O.) See also عِرْقَاةٌ, last sentence. b4: And The دِرَّة [or whip], with which one beats, or flogs. (K.) b5: And The plaited thong with which a captive is bound: pl. عَرَقَاتٌ and [coll. gen. n.] ↓ عَرَقٌ: (K:) or عَرَقَاتٌ signifies [simply] plaited thongs (نُسُوع). (S, O.) عُرَقَةٌ, (S, O, K,) which is agreeable with general analogy, and ↓ عُرَقٌ, (K, TA,) which is not so, but which is used by some in the same sense as the former, (TA,) A man who sweats much, (S, O, K, TA.) عَرْقٍ, originally عَرْقُوٌ: see عَرْقُوَةٌ, of which it is a coll. gen. n.

عرقى, said by Reiske to signify The inner and thin skin in the egg of an ostrich, is evidently a mistake for غِرْقِئٌ.]

عَرْقَاةٌ: see عَرْقُوَةٌ: A2: and the paragraph here following, in two places: A3: and see also عُرَاقٌ.

عِرْقَاةٌ (O, K) and ↓ عَرْقَاةٌ and ↓ عِرْقَةٌ (K) A root, race, stock, or source; syn. أَصْلٌ: (O, K:) or a source of wealth or property: or the main portion of the root of a tree. from which the عُرُوق [or minor roots] branch off: (K:) or, as some say, عِرْقَاةٌ has this last meaning; or, as others say, ↓ عِرْقَةٌ. (Ltl., O.) They said, اِسْتَأْصَلَ اللّٰهُ

↓ عَرْقَاتَهُمْ and عِرْقَاتِهِمْ; if they pronounced the first letter with fet-h, they so pronounced the last letter [before the pronoun]; and if they pronounced the former with kesr, they thus pronounced the latter, regarding the word as pl. of ↓ عِرْقَةٌ: (K:) or, accord. to Lth, the Arabs are related to have said, اِسْتَأْصَلَ اللّٰهُ عِرْقَاتَهُمْ, meaning شَأْفَتَهُمْ [i. e. May God utterly destroy their race, stock, or family], pronouncing the ت with nasb because regarding the word as [a sing.] like سِعْلَاةٌ; or holding it to be pl. of ↓ عِرْقَةٌ, but pronouncing the تَ thus like as they do in saying رَأَيْتُ بَنَاتَكَ: it is said, however, that this is a mistake; that only he should pronounce it thus who makes the word to be a sing. like سِعْلَاةٌ. (O.) [The saying is a prov., mentioned by Meyd, who adds another reading, namely, عَرَقَاتهم, holding this to be from ↓ العَرَقَةُ meaning “ the طُرَّة that is woven around the فُسْطَاط: ” and Freytag, in his Lexicon, adds also عَرِقاتَه, with nasb, as on the authority of Meyd; in whose “ Proverbs ” I do not find it.]

عَرْقَان [accord. to general analogy without tenween and having for its fem. عَرْقَى, or accord. to the dial. of the Benoo-Asad with tenween and having for its fem. عَرْقَانَةٌ,] Sweating. (Msb.) عَرْقُوَةُ الدَّلْوِ is thus, (S, O, K,) with fet-h to the ع, (S, O,) like تَرْقُوَة, (K,) and should not be pronounced with damm to the first letter; (S, O, K;) and ↓ عَرْقَاتُهَا signifies the same; (K, TA; [in the CK, erroneously, عَرَقَاتُها; but expressly stated in the TA to be with fet-h and then sukoon;]) i. e. The piece of wood that is put across the دلو [or leathern bucket, from one part of the brim to the opposite part]: (TA:) the عَرْقُوَتَانِ being the two pieces of wood that are put athwart the دلو [to keep it from collapsing and for the purpose of attaching thereto the well-rope], like a cross: (As, S, O, K:) pl. عَرَاقٍ; (S, O, K;) and if you pluralize it by suppressing the ة [of the sing., or rather if you form from it a coll. gen. n.], you say ↓ عَرْقٍ, originally عَرْقُوٌ, (S, O, L,) then عَرْقِىٌ, and then عَرْقٍ. (L.) b2: العَرْقُوَتَانِ also signifies The two pieces of wood that connect the وَاسِط [or fore part] of the [camel's saddle called] رَحْل and the مُؤَخَّرَة [or kinder part thereof]: (S, O, K:) or, accord. to Lth, two pieces of wood which are upon the عَضُدَانِ [q. v.], on the two sides of the [camel's saddle called] قَتَب. (O.) b3: ذَاتُ العَرَاقِى means (assumed tropical:) Calamity, or misfortune: (S, O, K, TA:) for it is [properly] the دَلْو [or leathern bucket]; and الدَّلْوُ is one of the names for calamity: one says, لَقِيتُ مِنْهُ ذَاتَ العَرَاقِى [I experienced from it, or him, calamity]: (TA:) or, as some say, it is from what here follows. (S, O, TA.) b4: عَرَاقِى

الإِكَامِ signifies Such [eminences of the kind called إِكَام (pl. of أَكَمَةٌ or of أَكَمٌ)] as are very rugged, not to be ascended unless with difficulty, or trouble: (S, O, TA:) or عَرْقُوَةٌ signifies any أَكَمَه extending upon the earth, [in form] as though it were the heap over a grave, (Lth, O, K,) elongated: (Lth, O:) an أَكَمَة that extends, not high, but overtopping what is around it, near to the ground or not near, and varying in different parts so that one place thereof is soft and another place thereof rugged; being only a level portion of the earth overtopping what is around it: (ISh, TA:) and العَرَاقِى is also said to signify continuous, or connected, إِكَام, that have become as though they were one long جُرْف [or abrupt, water-worn bank or ridge] upon the face of the earth. (TA.) b5: العَرَاقِى signifies also The collar-bones (التَّرَاقِى), in the dial. of El-Yemen. (L, TA.) عَرَقِيَّةٌ, meaning A thing [i. e. a close-fitting cap, generally of cotton, to imbibe the sweat,] which is worn beneath the turban and the [cap called]

قَلَنْسُوَة, is a post-classical word. (TA.) عُرَاقٌ: see عَرْقٌ, in four places. b2: Also, and ↓ عُرَاقَةٌ, i. q. نُطْفَةٌ (O, K) مِنَ المَآءِ [app. meaning Clear water, whether much or little; or a little water remaining in a bucket or skin]: (K:) or, accord. to the L, the former word is pl. [or rather a coll. gen. n.] of the latter in this sense: (TA:) and ↓ عَرْقَاةٌ signifies the same. (K.) b3: And A copious rain: (K:) or so ↓ عُرَاقَةٌ [only]. (TA.) b4: And عُرَاقُ الغَيْثِ The herbage that has come forth after the rain. (Ibn-'Abbád, A, O, K.) عِرَاقٌ The double suture that is in the lower part of the [leathern water-bag called] مَزَادَة and رَاوِيَة; (Lth, O, K;) and this is of the firmest kinds of suture therein: (Lth, O:) or the suture that is in the middle of the قِرْبَة [or water-skin]: (TA:) or the piece [or strip] of skin that is put upon the place where the two extremities, or edges, of the [main] skin meet when it is sewed in, or upon, the lower part of the مزادة: (K:) or the appertenance of the قربة, and of the مزادة, &c., which is [a strip of skin] doubled and then sewed [thereon thus] doubled: (Msb:) or, accord. to Az, the [piece of] skin that is doubled, and then sewed upon the lower part of the [water-skin or milk-skin called] سِقَآء: (S:) and, (K,) accord. to As, (S, O,) i. q. طِبَابَةٌ; (S, O, K;) i. e. the piece of skin with which the punctures of the seams are covered: (S, O: see also عَرَقٌ, latter half: [and see طِبَابَةٌ:]) pl. عُرُقٌ (Lth, Az, S, O, K, TA) and عُرْقٌ (TA) and أَعْرِقَةٌ; (Lth, O, TA;) the last a pl. of pauc. (Lth, O.) And عِرَاقُ السُّفْرَةِ signifies The suture surrounding the [round piece of skin called] سُفْرَة [q. v.]. (K.) b2: Also Nearness, together, of the stitch-holes in a skin or hide: [so I render تَقَارُبُ الخرزِ; reading الخُرَزِ: and it seems to mean also uniformity thereof: for it is added,] hence the prov., لِأَمْرِهِ عِرَاقٌ, meaning (assumed tropical:) His affair is uniform, right, or rightly disposed. (TA.) b3: Also The side, or shore, (Lth, O, K,) of water, (K,) or of a sea, or great river, along the whole length thereof. (Lth, O, K. * [It is said in the K that عُرُقٌ is pl. of عِرَاقٌ in this sense: but afterwards, that the pl. of the latter in all its senses is أَعْرِقَةٌ also; to which the TA adds عُرْقٌ.]) and accord. to Az, Any pasturage adjacent to a great river or a sea. (TA.) And عِرَاقُ النَّهْرِ, (K,) or الرَّكِيبِ, (TA,) The border of the rivulet [ for irrigation] (K, TA) by which the water enters a حَائِط [i. e. garden, or garden of palm-trees surrounded by a wall], (TA,) from its nearest to its furthest extremity. (K, TA.) b4: Also The قُطْر [app. meaning side (but see this word)] of a mountain, by itself; [or so, perhaps, عِرَاقُ جَبَلٍ;] and so ↓ عِرْقٌ [or عِرْقُ جَبَلٍ]. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) b5: And, as also ↓ عِرْقٌ, Remains of the [plants, or trees, called] حَمْض. (K.) b6: عِرَاقُ الدَّارِ The court, or yard, in front, or extending from the sides, of the house. (IB, K.) b7: عِرَاقُ الأُذُنِ The circuit, or surrounding edge, of the ear. (K.) b8: عِرَاقُ الظُّفُرِ The flesh surrounding the nail. (K, * TA.) b9: عِرَاقُ الحَشَا The intestines that are above the navel, lying breadthwise, or across, in the belly. (K.) b10: And عِرَاقٌ signifies also The inside of feathers. (AA, K.) b11: The عِرَاقَانِ of the horse's saddle are The two edges of the دَفَّتَانِ, at the fore part of the saddle and its hinder part. (IDrd, TA voce قَرَبُوسٌ, q. v.) A2: [Also A pace, or rate of going.] One says in relation to a horse, on the occasion of drawing forth the sweat, and of careful tending, and fattening, اِحْمِلْهُ عَلَى العِرَاقِ الأَعْلَى وَالعِرَاقِ الأَسْفَلِ, meaning [Urge, or make, thou him to go] the vehement pace and the inferior pace. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, TA.) A3: العِرَاقُ is the name of A certain country, (S, O, Msb, K,) well known, (Msb, K,) extending from 'Abbádán to El-Mow- sil in length and from El-Kádiseeyeh to Hulwán in breadth; (K;) masc. and fem.: (S, O, Msb, K:) said to be so named because upon the عِرَاق, i. e. “ side,” or “ shore,” of the Tigris and Euphrates: (O, * K: [in which, and in other works, several other supposed derivations are mentioned, but such as I think too fanciful to deserve notice:]) accord. to some, it is arabicized, (S, O, Msb, K,) from a Pers\. appellation, (S, O,) i. e. from إِيرَان شَهْر, (As, O, * K, TA,) of which the meaning is [said to be] “ having many palmtrees and [other] trees; ” (K;) but [SM justly says,] in my opinion the meaning requires consideration. (TA.) b2: العِرَاقَانِ is an appellation of El-Basrah and El-Koofeh. (S, O, K.) عَرِيقٌ, (S, O, K,) applied to a man and to a horse, means [Rooted, i. e.] having a radical, or hereditary, share, (لَهُ عِرْق, S, O,) in generousness or nobleness [of origin, which, accord. to the S and O, and common usage, seems to be implied by the epithet when used absolutely], (S, O, K,) and also in meanness or ignobleness [thereof; or having a strain of, i. e. an inborn disposition to, generousness or nobleness, and also meanness or ignobleness]. (S, * O, * K.) And you say also فِى الكَرَمِ ↓ فُلَانٌ مُعْرَقٌ and فِى اللُّؤْمِ [Such a one is rooted, &c., in generousness or nobleness and in meanness or ignobleness]; and لَهُ فِى ↓ إِنَّهُ لَمُعْرَقٌ الكَرَمِ; (S, O;) and لَهُ فِى الكَرَمِ ↓ إِنَّهُ لَمَعْرُوقٌ, [the part. n. being formed] on the supposition of the suppression of the augmentative letter [in its verb, which is أُعْرِقَ]: (TA:) and in like manner, (S, O, TA,) in a trad., (O, TA,) a man of whom there is no living ancestor between him and Adam is said to be لَهُ فِى المَوْتِ ↓ مُعْرَقٌ (S, O, TA) i. e. Made to have a radical, or hereditary, share (عِرْقٌ) in death; (O, TA;) meaning that he will inevitably die. (S, O, TA.) [In the Ham p. 438, ↓ مُعْرِقٌ is expl. as syn. with عَرِيقٌ: but in the verse to which this explanation relates it is evidently employed in the sense of the act. part. n. of أَعْرَقَ as used in the phrase أَعْرَقَ فِيهِ أَعْمَامُهُ وَأَخْوَالُهُ, q. v.] b2: غُلَامٌ عَرِيقٌ means [A boy, or young man,] slender, or spare, and light of spirit. (TA.) عُرَافَةٌ: see عُرَاقٌ, in two places.

عِرَاقِىٌّ Of, or belonging to, the country called العِرَاق. (Msb.) b2: إِبِلٌ عِرَاقِيَّةٌ means Camels that pasture upon what are termed عِرَاق, i. e. remains of the [plants, or trees, called] حَمْض: (K, * TA:) or, app., accord. to Az, camels of, or belonging to, العِرَاق as meaning the waters of Benoo-Saad-Ibn-Málik and Benoo-Mázin: or, as some say, of, or belonging to, the عِرَاق as meaning the side, or shore, of water: and it is also said that the epithet in this phrase is a rel. n. from العرق [thus in my original, without any syll. sign and without explanation]. (TA.) عَرَّاقَةٌ, with teshdeed [to the ر], A thing [app. a cloth for imbibing the sweat] that is put beneath the تكلة [app. meaning pad] of the سَرْج [or horse's saddle] and the بَرْذَعَة [q. v.]. (TA. [The word تكلة, which I have not found anywhere except in this instance, I can only suppose to be an arabicized word from the Pers\. or Turkish تَگَلْتُو, which is commonly pronounced by the Turks تَكَلْتِى, with ك and ى, and which means a pad, or a piece of felt, put beneath the saddle to prevent its galling the beast's back.]) عَارِقٌ [act. part. n. of عَرَقَ]. A poet says, أَكُفُّ لِسَانِى عَنْ صَدِيقِى فَإِنْ أُجَأْ

إِلَيْهِ فَإِنِّى عَارِقٌ كُلَّ مَعْرَقِ [I restrain my tongue from my friend; but if I be compelled to have recourse to him in a case of need, I am one who gnaws to the utmost: مَعْرَق being here an inf. n.]. (S, O: mentioned in both immediately after the explanation of عَرَقْتُ العَظْمَ.) b2: And [the pl.] العَوَارِقُ signifies The أَضْرَاس [i. e. teeth, or lateral teeth, &c.]: (K:) an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates. (TA.) b3: And The سِنُون [i. e. years, or droughts, or years of drought]; so called لأَنَّهَا تَعْرُقُ الإِنْسَانَ, (K, TA, in some copies of the K الأَسْنَانَ,) i. e. because they take from the man [his flesh, or render him lean]. (TA.) أَعْرَقُ لَيْلَةٍ فِى السَّنَةِ, The night, in the year, most abundant in milk. (O.) A2: [أَعْرَقُ is also a comparative and superlative epithet signifying More, and most, rooted in a quality or faculty: regularly formed from عَرُقَ, or irregularly from أُعْرِقَ: but perhaps post-classical. (See De Sacy's “ Anthol. Gram. Arabe,” p. 183, lines 1 and 3, of the Ar. text; and p. 441 of the Notes, in which he has expressed his opinion that it signifies “ qui a jeté de plus profondes racines. ”)]

مَعْرَقٌ an inf. n. of 1 in the sense first expl. in this art. (S, O, K.) A2: [And a noun of place, signifying A place of sweat or of sweating of an animal; such as the armpit and the groin: pl. مَعَارِقُ. b2: Hence,] مَعَارِقُ الرَّمْلِ i. q. آبَاطُهُ [i. e. (assumed tropical:) The places where the main body of the sand ends, and where it is thin, not deep]: likened to the مَعَارِق of the animal. (TA.) b3: And معرق [thus in my original; perhaps مَعْرَقٌ, as denoting “ a place of sweat,” like مَمْطَرٌ from المَطَرُ; or ↓ مِعْرَقٌ, as being likened to a utensil, like مِمْطَرٌ, and as being in form agreeable with many words denoting articles of dress;] signifies An innermost garment for imbibing the sweat, lest it should reach to the garments of pride [i. e. the outer garments]. (TA.) مُعْرَقٌ Wine (شَرَاب) having a little water put into it; (S, K;) and so ↓ مُعَرَّقٌ, (S, O, K,) applied to طِلَآء [which likewise signifies wine, or thick wine, &c.]; (S, O;) and ↓ مَعْرُوقٌ, (K,) of which last no verb has been mentioned: (TA:) or مُعْرَقَةٌ signifies wine (خَمْر) pure, or unmixed: or having a little mixture [of water]. (Ham p. 561.) A2: See also عَرِيقٌ, in three places.

مُعْرِقٌ: see عَرِيقٌ.

A2: [Accord. to Reiske, as mentioned by Freytag, it signifies Rain that appears to the people of El-Yemen from the region of El-'Irák.]

A3: تَرَكْتَ الحَقَّ مُعْرِقًا means Thou hast left the truth apparent, or manifest, between us. (TA.) مِعْرَقٌ An iron implement, or a knife, or broad knife, or broad blade, with which one pares a bone with some flesh upon it, removing the flesh. (TA.) A2: See also مَعْرَقٌ.

مُعَرَّقٌ: see مَعْرُوقٌ, in four places: A2: and see مُعْرَقٌ.

مَعْرُوقٌ A bone of which the flesh has been [eaten or] thrown from it. (TA.) b2: And A man having little flesh; (K;) and so مَعْرُوقُ العِظَامِ; (S, O, K;) and ↓ مُعْتَرَقٌ, (S, O, TA, [and probably in correct copies of the K, but in my MS. copy of it and in the CK ↓ مُعْتَرِقٌ, which does not accord. with any of the explanations of its verb,]) and العِظَامِ ↓ مُعْتَرَقُ; (TA;) and ↓ مُعَرَّقٌ, and مُعَرَّقُ العِظَامِ. (K.) And A horse having no flesh upon his قَصَب [meaning bones of the legs]; as also ↓ مُعْتَرَقٌ. (TA.) And مَعْرُوقُ الخَدَّيْنِ, applied to a horse, in which the quality denoted thereby is approved, Having no flesh in the cheeks: (TA:) and الخَدَّيْنِ ↓ مُعَرَّقُ a man having little flesh in the cheeks: (S, O:) and القَدَمَيْنِ ↓ مُعَرَّقُ, (K and TA in art. نهس,) and الكَعْبَيْنِ, a man having little flesh upon the feet, and upon the ankle-bones: (TA in that art.:) and ↓ مُعَرَّقٌ applied to a horse signifies مُضَمَّرٌ [i. e. rendered lean, or light of flesh, probably by being made to sweat, agreeably with an explanation of the latter epithet, and thus radically differing from مَعْرُوقٌ and مُعْتَرَقٌ]. (TA.) A2: See also مُعْرَقٌ.

A3: and see عَرِيقٌ.

مُعْتَرَقٌ and مُعْتَرِقٌ: see مَعْرُوقٌ; the former in two places.