شر
ى
1 شَرَاهُ, (
S,
Mgh,
Msb,
K, &c.,)
aor. ـِ (
S,
Msb,
K,)
inf. n. شِرًى (
S,
Mgh,
Msb,
TA) and شِرَآءٌ, (
S, *
Mgh,
Msb, *
TA,) the former
inf. n. the more in repute, (
Msb,
TA,) and this is of the
dial. of Nejd, the latter being of the
dial. of El-Hijáz, or the latter may be said to be with medd for the purpose of assimilating it to a preceding word,
accord. to El-Munádee, or it may be regarded as an
inf. n. of شَارَاهُ, (
TA,)
i. q. بَاعَهُ [in the sense in which this is generally used, i. e. He sold it]; (
S,
Mgh,
K;) he gave it for a price: (
Msb:) and
i. q. ↓ اِشْتَرَاهُ [in the sense in which this is generally used, i. e. he bought it]; (
S,
Mgh;) i. e. شَرَاهُ signifies also he took it, or acquired it, for a price: (
Msb:) or this and ↓ اشتراه both signify بَاعَهُ [as meaning he sold it]; (
T, *
K,
TA;) but the former is more used than the latter in this sense: (
T,
TA:) and both signify also [he bought it; i. e.] he possessed it by sale; (
K;) which is the more usual meaning of the latter: (
T,
TA:) thus the former has two
contr. meanings, (
S,
Msb,
K,) and the latter also: (
K:) for the two persons selling and buying sell and buy the price and the thing upon which the price is put; so that each of the things given in exchange is sold in one point of view and bought in another. (
Msb,
TA.) It is said in the
Kur [ii. 203], وَمِنَ النَّاسِ مَنْ يَشْرِى
نَفْسَهُ ابْتِغَآءَ مَرْضَاةِ اللّٰهِ i. e. [And of men is he] who sells [himself in the endeavour to obtain the approval of God]. (
S, *
TA.) And in the same, [xii. 20], وَشَرَوْهُ بِثَمَنٍ بَخْسٍ i. e. And they sold him [for a deficient, or an insufficient, price]. (
S,
TA.) And in the same [ii. 15], أُولَائِكَ الَّذِينَ الضَّلَالَةَ بِالْهُدَى ↓ اشْتَرَوُا, originally اشْتَرَيُوا, (
S,) [
lit. Those are they who have purchased error with right direction,] meaning, (
tropical:) who have taken الضلالة in exchange for الهدى: (
Ksh,
Bd,
Jel:) or (
tropical:) who have preferred الضلالة to الهدى: (
Ksh,
Bd:) [for] of any one who relinquishes a thing and lays hold upon another thing, one says اشتراه; (
K,
TA;) which is thus tropically used [as meaning (
tropical:) he took it in exchange بِغَيْرِهِ by giving up another thing]; (
TA;) and hence this saying in the
Kur-á
n. (
K,
TA.)
b2: [Hence,] شَرَى بِنَفْسِهِ عَنِ القَوْمِ (
tropical:) He advanced before the people, or party, (
K,
TA,) to their enemy, (
TA,) and fought in defence of them: or (
tropical:) he advanced to the Sultán, and spoke for the people: (
K,
TA:) [as though he sold himself for them; the ب in بنفسه being
app. redundant:] or, as in the Tekmileh, شَرَى بِنَفْسِهِ إِلَى القَوْمِ (
tropical:) he advanced to the people, or party, and fought them. (
TA.)
b3: And شَرَى
فُلَانًا, (
K,)
inf. n. شِرًى, (
TA,) (assumed
tropical:) He mocked at, scoffed at, laughed at, derided, or ridiculed, such a one: (
K:) [and] so ↓ شَرَّاهُ. (
TA voce جَدَّعَهُ [
q. v.: thus there written, perhaps for the purpose of assimilating it to جَدَّعَهُ].)
b4: And
i. q. أَرْغَمَهُ (assumed
tropical:) [He angered such a one; or did evil to him, and angered him]: (
Lh,
K,
TA:) and so أَوْرَمَهُ, and غَطَاهُ [or perhaps عَظَاهُ, for both are
expl. alike]: all said of God. (
Lh,
TA.) And فَعَلَ بِهِ مَا شَرَاهُ (assumed
tropical:) He did to him that which occasioned evil to him; or that which displeased, grieved, or vexed, him;
syn. سَآءَهُ. (
TA.) And لَحَاهُ اللّٰهُ وَشَرَاهُ (assumed
tropical:) [May God remove him far from good or prosperity, or curse him, and do evil to him, or displease or grieve or vex him]. (
TA.)
A2: شَرَى اللّٰهُ فُلَانًا, (
K,)
inf. n. شِرًى, (
TA,) also signifies God smote him, or may God smite him, with the eruption termed شَرًى [
q. v.]. (
K,
TA.)
A3: and شَرَاهُ, (
K,)
aor. ـِ
inf. n. شِرًى, (
TA,)
i. q. شَرَّرَهُ, (
K,
TA,) i. e. He spread it [to dry]; (
TA;) [in copies of the
K, in art. شر, written, in this sense, ↓ شَرَّاهُ;] namely, flesh-meat, and a garment, or piece of cloth, and [the preparation of curd called]
أَقِط. (
K.)
A4: شَرِىَ,
aor. ـَ
inf. n. شَرًى, (
S,
K,) said of lightning, (
S,
K, &c.,) It shone, or gleamed, much: (
S:) or it shone, or gleamed, (
K,
TA,) and spread in the face of the clouds, or, as in the
T, became dispersed in the face of the clouds: (
TA:) and ↓ اشرى signifies the same; (
K;) or it shone, or gleamed, consecutively: the latter verb mentioned by
Sgh. (
TA.)
b2: and hence, (
S,) said of the nose-rein of a camel, (
S,
TA,) It was, or became, in a state of commotion, (
TA,) or, of much commotion. (
S,
TA.) [See also 12.])
b3: Also, (
K,)
aor. and
inf. n. as above, (
TA,) He (a man) was, or became, angry: (
K,
TA:) or he was, or became, flurried by reason of anger. (
S,
TA.)
b4: And, said of evil, or mischief, It spread, بَيْنَهُمْ among them: (
K,
TA:) or became great, or formidable; and in like manner said of an affair, or event. (
Nh,
TA. [See also 10.])
b5: Also, and ↓
استشرى, He (a man,
S) persisted, or persevered, (
S,
K,) in an affair, (
S,) or in his error, and his corrupt conduct: and the former, said of a man, is like غَرِىَ in measure and meaning [i. e. he persisted, or persevered, in his anger]. (
TA.) One says of a horse, شَرِىَ فِى
سَيْرِهِ, (
S,
K,)
inf. n. as above, (
TA,) He per-sisted, or persevered, in his pace, or going; as also ↓
استشرى: (
S:) or he exceeded the usual bounds therein, (
K,
TA,) and went on without languor: (
TA:) and فِى عَدْوِهِ ↓
استشرى he (i. e. a horse) persisted, or persevered, in his running: (
Mgh:) and شَرِىَ فِى لِجَامِهِ he (a horse) strained his bridle. (
A,
TA.) And شَرِيَتْ عَيْنُهُ بِالدَّمْعِ His eye persisted, or persevered, in the shedding of tears, the tears pouring forth consecutively. (
TA.)
A5: And شَرِىَ, (
S,
K,
TA,)
aor. ـَ
inf. n. شَرًى, (
K, *
TA,) He, (
TA,) or his skin, broke out with the eruption termed شَرًى [
q. v.]. (
S,
K,
TA.) 2 شَرَّىَ see the preceding paragraph, in two places.
3 شَارَاهُ,
inf. n. مُشَارَاةٌ and شِرَآءٌ,
i. q. بَايَعَهُ [as signifying He sold and bought with him: and he bartered, or exchanged commodities, with him: that شاراه has both of these meanings (like بايعه) is shown by the fact that مُشَارَاةٌ is also
expl. in the
TA, on the authority of
Er-Rághib, as signifying the same as قِبَاضٌ]. (
K.)
b2: Also, (
Mgh,)
inf. n. مُشَارَاةٌ, (
TA,) He persisted in contention, litigation, or wrangling: (
Mgh:) one says, هُوَ يُشَارِيهِ (
T,
M,
K) He persists in contention, litigation, or wrangling, with him: (
M,
TA:) or he contends in altercation, disputes, or litigates, with him; or does so vehemently, or obstinately;
syn. يُجَادِلُهُ: (
K,
TA:) and it is said of the Prophet, in a
trad., كَانَ لَا يُشَارِى وَلَا يُمَارِى [He used not to persist in contention, &c.]: (
Mgh,
TA:) meaning
accord. to
Th, بِالشَّرِّ ↓ كَانَ لَا يَسْتَشْرِى [he used not to persist, or persevere, with evil conduct]: (
TA:) from
اِسْتَشْرَى فِى عَدْوِهِ [
expl. above (see 1 near the end)] as said of a horse: (
Mgh:) or,
accord. to
Az, (
TA,) originally يُشَارِرُ; one of the رs being changed into ى. (
K, *
TA. [See 3 in art. شر: and see also 3 in art. جرى.]) 4 اشرى, said of lightning: see 1, latter half.
b2: Said of a camel, He sped, or went quickly. (
IKtt,
TA.)
b3: اشرى بَيْنَهُمْ He excited discord, strife, or animosity, between them, or among them. (
Az,
K.)
b4: اشرى الحَمَلُ (
K accord. to the
CK, [which, I think, evidently gives the right reading,] in the
TA and in my
MS. copy of the
K الجمل,)
i. q. تَفَلَّقَتْ عَقِيقَتُهُ [i. e. The lamb had its wool cleaving open, or becoming cleft]: (
K: [Freytag, following the
TK, and reading الحِمْلُ, explains the verb as said of fruit, and meaning “ diffissos habuit nucleos; ” but I cannot find any authority for the signification that he thus assigns to عَقيقة:]) mentioned by
Sgh. (
TA.)
b5: اشرت الشَّجَرَةُ The plant [crept upon the ground, or] was like the cucumber and the melon; as also ↓ استشرت. (
TA.)
b6: See also 5.
A2: اشراهُ He filled it; (
S,
K;) namely, a watering-trough: and in like manner اشرى جَفْنَةً he filled a bowl, (
S,) or جِفَانَهُ his bowls for the guests. (
TA.)
b2: And He made it to incline, (
K,
TA,) فِى نَاحِيَةِ كَذَا [in the direction of such a thing]. (
TA.) Hence the saying of a poet, وَأَنَّنِى حَيْثُمَا يُشْرِى الهَوَى بَصَرِى
مِنْ حَوْثَمَا سَلَكُوا أَدْنُو فَأَنْظُورُ [And that I, wherever love makes my eye, or eyes, to incline, wherever they travel, approach and look: فانظور being for فَأَنْظُرُ]: or, as some relate it, أَثْنِى فَأَنْظُورُ [i. e. turn myself, or my eyes, and look]. (
TA.)
b3: [Also He put it in motion; namely, a bridle. (Freytag, from the Deewán of the Hudhalees.)]
5 تشرّى It became scattered, or dispersed: (
K:)
accord. to the
M, said in this sense of a company of men. (
TA.)
b2: Also, said of a man, (
S,) or of a party, or company of men, (
TA,) He, or they, became like the شُرَاة [
pl. of شَارٍ
q. v.] in his, or their, actions; (
S, *
TA;) and so ↓ اشرى. (
IAth,
TA.) 6 تَشَارَيَا They sued each other; or cited each other before a judge;
syn. تَقَاضَيَا. (
A,
TA.) 8 إِشْتَرَىَ see the first paragraph, in three places.
10 استشرى: see 1, latter part, in three places: and see 3.
b2: Also He persisted, or persevered, in consideration, or examination. (
TA.)
b3: and
استشرى فِى دِينِهِ He strove, or exerted himself, or was diligent, or studious, and was careful, or mindful, or regardful, in his religion. (
TA.)
b4: And استشرت الأُمُورُ بَيْنَهُمْ The affairs, or events, were, or became, great, or formidable, between them, or among them. (
K, *
TA. [See also شَرِىَ.])
b5: And see 4.
12 اِشْرَوْرَى It was, or became, in a state of commotion. (
K. [See also شَرِىَ.]) شَرْىٌ The colocynth: (
S,
K:) or it signifies, (
K,) or signifies also, (
S,) the plant thereof: (
S,
K:)
n. un. with ة: (
S:) and ↓ شَرْيَانٌ also signifies the colocynth; as a
dial. var. of شَرْىٌ: or the leaves thereof. (
TA.) One says, هُوَ أَحْلَى مِنَ الأَرْىِ وَأَمَرُّ مِنَ الشَّرْىِ [He, or it, is sweeter than honey and more bitter than colocynth]. (
TA.) And فُلَانٌ لَهُ طَعْمَانِ أَرْىٌ وَشَرْىٌ [Such a one has two flavours, that of honey and that of colocynth]. (
S,
TA.)
b2: And Any kind of plant that spreads upon the ground, running [or creeping] and extending; such as the melon and the cucumber. (
AHn, O
voce سُطَّاحٌ,
q. v., and
TA * in the present art.)
b3: And Palm-trees that grow from the datestones: (
K:) and with ة [as the
n. un.] one of such palm-trees. (
S.)
b4: And,
accord. to
IJ, A kind of tree of which bows are made. (
L voce حَتٌّ,
q. v. [See also شِرْيَانٌ.])
A2: See also شَرًى.
A3: And see شَرْوَى.
شَرًى A road, (
K,
TA,) in a general sense. (
TA.) And, (
K,) with the article ال, [particularly] A road of Selmà, (
S,
K,
TA,) the mountain so called, (
TA,) abounding with lions: (
S,
K,
TA:) whence they say of courageous men, مَا هُمْ
إِلَّا أُسُودُ الشَّرَى [They are no other than the lions of Esh-Sharà]. (
TA.)
b2: And
i. q. نَاحِيَةٌ [as meaning An adjacent tract or region]; (
S,
K;) as also ↓ شَرَآءٌ: (
K:)
accord. to some, of the right hand: (
TA:)
pl. أَشْرَآءٌ. (
S,
K.) Hence, شَرَى
الفُرَاتِ The adjacent tract (نَاحِيَة) of the Euphrates: (
TA:) and أَشْرَآءُ الحَرَمِ the adjacent tracts of the Sacred Territory;
syn. نَوَاحِيهِ. (
S.)
b3: And A mountain. (
K.)
A2: Also The bad, or worse, or worst, of cattle:
accord. to
J, [in the
S,] ↓ شَرْىٌ, [said in the
S to be like شَوَى المَالِ,] which is [said to be] a mistake: (
K:) but ElBedr El-Karáfee questions it being so: (
TA:) and the good, or better, or best, thereof; as also ↓ شَرَاةٌ: thus having two
contr. significations: (
K:) and so says
ISk: but
ISd says that إِبِلٌ
↓ شَرَاةٌ, like سَرَاةٌ, means choice camels. (
TA.)
A3: And A certain eruption upon the body, resembling dirhems: (
TA:) or small pimples or purulent pustules, having a burning property: (
S:) or small pimples or purulent pustules, red, itching, and distressing, generally originating at once, (
K,
TA,) but sometimes gradually, (
TA,) and becoming [more] severe by night in consequence of a hot vapour breaking forth at once upon the body: (
K,
TA:) thus in the “
Kánoon ” of Ibn-Seenà [or Avicenna]. (
TA.)
A4: ذُو الشَّرَى A certain idol of [the tribe of] Dows (دَوْس), (
K,
TA,) in the Saráh (السَّرَاة): so says Nasr. (
TA.) شَرٍ Having the eruption termed شَرًى, described in the next preceding paragraph. (
S,
K.) شِرًى, (
S,
TA,) an
inf. n. of شَرَى,
aor. ـْ (
TA,) [when used as a simple
subst., signifying A sale and also a purchase,] has أَشْرِيَةٌ for its
pl., which, as
pl. of a
sing. of the measure فِعَلٌ, is
anomalous. (
S,
TA.) شَرَاةٌ: see شَرًى, in two places.
شَرَآءٌ: see شَرًى.
شَرِىٌّ Sold: and also bought: applied in this sense to a male slave; and شَرِيَّةٌ to a female slave. (
Msb.)
b2: Also A horse that persists, or perseveres, in his pace, or going: (
S:) or that exceeds the usual bounds therein, (
K,
TA,) and goes on without languor: (
TA:) or a choice horse: (
A,
TA:) or an excellent, choice horse. (
TA.) شَرِيَّةٌ A way, course, mode, or manner, of acting or conduct or the like: and a nature; or a natural, a native, or an innate, disposition or temper or the like. (
K.)
A2: Also, of women, Such as bring forth females. (
K.) One says, تَزَوَّجَ فِى شَرِيَّةِ نِسَآءٍ He married among women such as bring forth females. (
TA.) شَرْوَى, in which the و is a substitute for ى, as it is in تَقْوَى and the like, (
TA,) The like (
S,
K) of a thing: (
S:) because a thing is sometimes bought with the like thereof: (
TA:) [used alike as
sing. and
pl.: and,
accord. to the
TA, it seems that ↓ شَرْىٌ signifies the same.] It is said of Shureyh, كَانَ يُضَمِّنُ القَصَّارَ شَرْوَى الثَّوْبِ الَّذِى
أَهْلَكَهُ [He used to make the washer responsible for the like of the garment, or piece of cloth, that he destroyed]. (
TA.) And it is said in a
trad. of 'Omar, relating to the [collecting of the] poorrate, فَلَا يَأْخُذُ إِلَّا تِلْكَ السِّنَّ مِنْ شَرْوَى إِبِلِهِ [i. e. And he shall not take any save of that age, of the likes of his camels]. (
TA.) شِرَوِىٌّ, in which the و is a substitute for ى, and ↓ شِرَائِىٌّ, [both signifying Of, or relating to, selling, and also of, or relating to, buying,] are rel. ns.; the former, of the
inf. n. شِرًى; and the latter, of the
inf. n. شِرَآءٌ. (
Msb,
TA.) شَرْيَانٌ see شَرْىٌ:
b2: and see what next follows.
شِرْيَانٌ and ↓ شَرْيَانٌ, (
S,
K,) the former of which is the more in repute, (
TA,) the former said to be quasi-quadriliteral, like جِرْيَالٌ, [and therefore mentioned also in the
TA in art. شرن,] but held by
IB to be of the measure فِعْلَانٌ, (
TA in art. شرن,) A kind of tree, (
S,
K,
TA,) of the عِضَاه [
q. v.] of the mountains, (
TA,) of which bows are made: (
S,
K,
TA:)
n. un. with ة: the tree thus called grows in the manner, and of the height and width, of the [species of lote-tree called] سِدْر, and has a yellow, sweet نَبِقَة [or drupe]: so says
AHn: and he adds, Aboo-Ziyád says, bows are made of the شريان, and the bow made thereof is good, but black tinged with redness; its wood being of those woods of which good bows are [commonly] made; and they assert that it seldom, or never, becomes crooked:
Mbr says that the نَبْع and شَوْحَط [
q. v.] and شريان are one kind of tree, but differing in name and estimation according to the places of growth; such thereof as is upon the summit of the mountain being the نبع; and such as is at the base, or foot, or lowest or lower part, thereof, the شريان. (
TA. [But see شَوْحَطٌ.])
b2: Also
sing. of شَرَايِينُ signifying The arteries; i. e. the pulsing veins; (
S,
K;) which spring from the heart: (
S:) but the anatomists assert that they spring from the liver, and pass by the heart. (
TA.)
b3: شِرْيَانٌ, with kesr, signifies also A crack, or fissure, [in a rock,] such as is termed ثَتٌّ. (
Az,
TA.) شِرَائِىٌّ: see شِرَوِىٌّ.
شَارٍ Selling, or a seller: (
Mgh,
TA:) and buying, or a buyer: as also ↓ مُشْتَرٍ [in both senses, but generally in the latter sense; whereas شَارٍ is generally used in the former sense]: (
TA:)
pl. of the former شُرَاةٌ. (
Mgh.)
b2: Also, (
S,
TA,) and ↓ شَارِىٌّ, in which latter the ى is not the ى of a rel.
n. but is an affix
corroborative of the
epithet, as in the cases of أَحْوَرُ and أَحْوَرِىٌّ [or أَحْمَرُ and أَحْمَرِىٌّ] and صُلَّبٌ and صُلَّبِىٌّ, (
TA,) One of the people to whom is applied the appellation الشُّرَاةُ, (
S,
TA,) which means the [heretics, or schismatics, commonly known by the name of] خَوَارِج [
pl. of خَارِجِىٌّ,
q. v.]: (
S,
M,
Mgh,
K, &c.:) so called because they said, We have sold ourselves in obedience to God, i. e., for Paradise, when we separated ourselves from the erring Imáms: (
S:) or because they sold themselves for the sake of what they believed: or because they said, Verily God has purchased us and our possessions: (
Mgh:) but
ISk says, because of their vehement hatred of the Muslims: and the author of the
K says that it is from شَرِىَ signifying “ he was angry,” and “ he persisted, or persevered; ” and he charges
J with error in his explaining it as above, from their saying “ we have sold ourselves ” &c.; but this charge is senseless, for
J has followed herein more than one of the leading authorities: the author of the
K has followed
ISd, who, however, adds, as to themselves, they say “ We are the شُرَاة ” because of the saying in the
Kur ii. 203 [cited in the first paragraph of this art.], and the saying [in ix. 112] “ Verily God hath purchased, of the believers, themselves ”
[&c.]; and the like is said in the
Nh, with this addition, that شُرَاةٌ is the
pl. of شَارٍ; i. e., it is from شَرَى,
aor. ـْ or it may be from المُشَارَاةُ meaning المُلَاجَّةُ: moreover, the part.
n. of شَرِىَ is شَرٍ; and this has not شُرَاةٌ for its
pl. (
TA.) شَارِىٌّ: see the next preceding paragraph.
مُشْتَرٍ: see شَارٍ.
A2: المُشْتَرِى A certain star, (
S,
K,) well-known; (
K;) [Jupiter;] one of the Seven Stars. (
TA.)
A3: And A certain bird. (
K.)
