سرع

1 سَرُعَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. سِرَعٌ (S, Msb, K) and سَرَعٌ (TA [and mentioned in the K, but app. as a simple subst.,]) and سِرْعٌ and سَرْعٌ and سَرَاعَةٌ (TA) and سُرْعَةٌ, (K,) or this last is a simple subst. from أَسْرَعَ, (Msb,) [but it is also generally used as syn. with the inf. ns. before mentioned when they are employed as simple substs., and is more common than any of them,] He, or it, was quick, expeditious, hasty, speedy, rapid, swift, or fleet: [in course, tendency, action, speech, &c.:] (S, K:) or, said of a man, i. q. أَسْرَعَ [which may mean as above, or he hastened, made haste, or sped,] in his speech and in his actions: (IAar, TA:) but Sb makes a difference between سَرُعَ and أَسْرَعَ: see the latter below: (TA:) one says also سَرِعَ, aor. ـَ a dial. var. of سَرُعَ: and ↓ تسرّع, said of an affair, or event, signifies the same as سَرُعَ. (TA.) One says, السِّرَعَ السِّرَعَ like الوَحَآءَ الوَحَآءَ, (S, K,) i. e. [Make thou] haste; or haste to be first, or before, or beforehand: haste; or haste to be first, &c. (S and TA in art. وحى.) And سَرُعَ مَا فَعَلْتَ ذَاكَ, (S, * TA,) and سَرْعَ, which is a contraction of the former; for the Arabs contract by the suppression of dammeh and kesreh because they are difficult of pronunciation, saying فَخْذٌ for فَخِذٌ and عَضْدٌ for عَضْدٌ, but one should not say حَجْرٌ for حَجَرٌ, (S, TA,) or the like, accord. to the Basrees, though the Koofees allow the contraction in the case of fet-hah also, as in سَلْفَ for سَلَفَ; (M in art. سلف;) and one says also سُرْعَ, as a contraction of سَرُعَ; all meaning سَرْعَانَ [i. e. Quick was thy doing that: or how quick was thy doing that! or, which is nearly the same, excellently quick was thy doing that; for سَرُعَ is similar to قَضُوَ and رَمُوَ, denoting excellence]. (TA.) 2 سَرَّعَ see 4.3 مُسَارَعَةٌ signifies The hastening with another; or vying, or striving, with another, in hastening; or hastening to be, or get, before another or others; (S, K;) إِلَى شَىْءٍ to a thing; (S;) as also ↓ تَسَارُعٌ; syn. مُبَادَرَةٌ; (S, K;) with which, also, [not, however, as it is expl. above, but in the sense of بُدُورٌ, i. e. simply the hastening to a thing,] ↓ إِسْرَاعٌ is syn. (TA.) One says, سَارَعُوا

إِلَى كَذَا and إِلَيْهِ ↓ تسارعوا, [They hastened, one with another, &c., to such a thing,] both signifying the same. (S.) And [of a single person,] سارع إِلَى الشَّىْءِ He hastened to the thing; syn. بادر. (Msb.) And it is said in the Kur [iii. 127], وَسَارِعُوا إِلَى مَغْفِرَةٍ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ [And vie ye, one with another, in hastening to obtain forgiveness from your Lord]. (TA.) And again, [iii. 170,] الَّذِينَ يُسَارِعُونَ فِى الكُفْرِ Who fall into unbelief hastily, or quickly, (Bd, Jel,) and eagerly. (Bd.) 4 اسرع is originally trans.; (S, K;) [signifying He quickened, or hastened, himself, or his going, &c.;] and hence the saying, in a trad., إِذَا مَرَّ

أَحَدُكُمْ بِطِرْبَالٍ مَائِلٍ فَلْيُسْرِعِ المَشْىَ [When any one of you passes by a high wall, or the like, that is inclining, let him quicken, or hasten, the pace, or going]. (K, * TA.) But [it is used also elliptically, as meaning He hastened, in an intrans. sense; he made haste; he sped; he went quickly; and hence] you say, اسرع فِى السَّيْرِ, (S, K,) like سَرُعَ [He was quick, expeditious, hasty, speedy, rapid, swift, or fleet, in going, journeying, or pace]: (K:) or [rather he hastened, made haste, or sped, therein; for] اسرع signifies he endeavoured, or sought, and affected, to be quick, &c., as though he hastened the pace, or going; but ↓ سَرُعَ denotes what is as it were an innate quality: (Sb:) the verb being originally trans., when you say of one اسرع فى السير it is as though [meaning] he urged himself forward with haste; or he quickened, or hastened, the pace, or going; and it is only because the meaning is understood by the persons addressing one another, that the objective complement is not expressed: (Lth, K:) or the verb may be trans. by means of a particle and without a particle: or when made immediately trans., the phrase may be meant to be understood as elliptical. (TA.) [Accord. to Fei,] اسرع فِى

مَشْيِهِ, &c., inf. n. إِسْرَاعٌ, is originally اسرع مَشْيَهُ [He quickened, or hastened, his pace, or going]; فى being redundant; or اسرع الحَرَكَةَ فِى مَشْيِهِ [he quickened, or hastened, the motion in his going]: and اسرع إِلَيْهِ means اسرع المُضِىَّ إِلَيْهِ [he quickened, or hastened, the going to him]. (Msb.) ↓ سرّع is syn. with اسرع. (TA.) And you say, إِلَى الشَّرِّ ↓ تسرّع, (S, K,) meaning He hastened, or made haste, to [do] evil, or mischief; (K;) as also تزرّع. (Sgh and K in art. زرع.) And ↓ تسرّع بِالأَمْرِ He hastened to do the thing, or affair; syn. بَادَرَ بِهِ. (TA.) See also 3. b2: اسرع إِلَيْهِ occurs in a trad. as meaning He was quick, or hasty, in being angry with him, or in blaming him, or in reviling him. (Mgh.) b3: اسرع بِهِ: see [its contr.] بَطَّأَ بِهِ. b4: أَسْرَعُوا signifies also, Their beasts on which they rode were, or became, quick, swift, or fleet. (Az, S, K.) A2: مَا أَسْرَعَ مَا صَنَعْتَ كَذَا [How quick was thy doing that!]. (S, K.) 5 تَسَرَّعَ see 1 and 4; the latter in two places.6 تَسَاْرَعَ see 3, in two places.

سَرْعٌ [originally an inf. n. of سَرُعَ, like سِرْعٌ and سَرَعٌ accord. to the TA]: see سَرِيعٌ, in two places.

سَرَعٌ: see [1 and] سُرْعَةٌ.

سَرِعٌ: see سَرِيعٌ.

سُرْعَةٌ Quickness, expedition, haste, speed, rapidity, swiftness, or fleetness; [of course, tendency, action, speech, &c.;] (S, K;) as also ↓ سَرَعٌ; (K;) [the former said in the K, and the latter in the TA, to be an inf. n. of سَرُعَ:] and a hastening, making haste, or speeding; i. q. إِسْرَاعٌ [inf. n. of 4]; (TA;) or a subst. therefrom. (Msb.) You say, عَجِبْتُ مِنْ سُرْعَةِ ذَاكَ [I wondered at the quickness, &c., of that]. (S.) سَرْعَانَ and سُرْعَانَ and سِرْعَانَ (S, K) and ↓ سَرُعَانَ, the last with damm to the ر (IAar,) occurring in the phrase سرعانَ ذَا خُرُوجًا, (IAar, S, K,) meaning سَرُعَ ذَا خُرُوجًا [Quick is this in coming forth: or how quick is this in coming forth! or, which is nearly the same, excellently quick &c.], (S, K,) are dial. vars., changed from the original form, which is سَرُعَ, and, for this reason, (S,) made indecl., with the final vowel of سَرُعَ for their termination. (S, K.) The word سرعان is used as a simple enunciative [placed before its inchoative], and also as an enunciative denoting wonder: [see بُطْآنَ:] and hence the saying, (K,) لَسَرْعَانَ مَا صَنَعْتَ كَذَا How quick was thy doing that! (S, K.) The saying سَرَعَانَ ذَا إِهَالَةٌ originated from the fact that a man had a lean ewe, her snivel running from her nostrils by reason of her leanness, and it being said to him “ What is this? ” he answered, “Her grease: ” whereupon the asker said as above: the last word is in the accus. case as a denotative of state; and the meaning is, Quick, or how quick, is this snivel [coming forth] in the state of melted grease! or the last word is a specificative, under the supposition that the action is transferred [from its proper agent, which thus becomes a specificative], as in the phrase تَصَبَّبَ زَيْدٌ عَرَقًا; and the meaning to be understood is, Quick, or how quick, is the melted grease of this! the saying is applied to him who tells of a thing's coming to pass before its time: (O, K:) it is a prov. (TA.) A2: سَرْعَانُ; and its fem., سَرْعَى: see سَرِيعٌ, in two places: see also the paragraph here next following, in two places, سَرَعَانُ النَّاسِ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) and ↓ سَرْعَانُ الناس, (IAar, K,) The first, or foremost, of the men, or people, (IAar, S, Mgh, Msb, K,) striving, one with another, to be the first to do a thing; (K;) so says As, with reference to soldiers hastening: (TA:) the former word in this phrase is [distinguished from سَرْعَانَ in being] declinable in every case: (S:) in two trads. in which the phrase occurs, we find it differently related, سَرَعَان and سُرْعَان; the latter being pl. of سَرِيعٌ. (TA.) سَرَعَانُ الخَيْلِ, also, signifies The first or foremost, of the horsemen, and sometimes they said الخيل ↓ سَرْعَانُ. (K.) Abu-l-'Abbás says that when سرعان is an epithet applied to men, it has both of the above-mentioned forms; but when applied to others, the former is the more chaste, though the latter is allowable. (TA.) سَرُعَانَ: see سَرْعَانَ.

سُرَاعٌ; and its fem., with ة: see what next follows, in three places.

سَرِيعٌ Quick, expeditious, hasty, speedy, rapid, swift, or fleet; [in course, tendency, action, speech, &c.;] (S, Msb, * TA;) as also ↓ سَرِعٌ [and ↓ سَرْعٌ] and ↓ سُرَاعٌ, of which the fem. is with ة, and ↓ سَرْعَانُ, of which the fem. is سَرْعَى; (TA;) i. q. ↓ مُسْرِعٌ, (K,) which signifies as above; (TA;) [and which also signifies hastening, making haste, or speeding;] and ↓ مِسْرَعٌ, also, signifies quick, &c., (سَرِيع,) to [do] good or evil: (K:) the pl. of سريع is سُرْعَانٌ, (K,) and سِرَاعٌ is [also a pl. of the same,] syn. with مُسْرِعُونَ. (Msb.) You say, فَرَسٌ سَرِيعٌ and ↓ سُرَاعٌ [A quick, swift, or fleet, horse]: (IB:) and ↓ حِجْرٌ سُرَاعَةٌ meaning سَرِيعَةٌ [a quick, swift, or fleet, mare]. (K.) and ↓ اِسْعَ عَلَى رِجْلِكَ السَّرْعَى [Go thou quickly; lit. go thou, or walk thou, or run thou, upon thy quick, or swift, leg]. (Fr.) And ↓ جَآءَ سَرْعًا meaning سَرِيعًا [He, or it, came quickly, hastily, speedily, &c.]. (TA.) And God is said [in the Kur ii. 198, &c.] to be سَرِيعُ الحِسَابِ [Quick in reckoning], meaning that his reckoning will inevitably come to pass; or that one reckoning will not divert Him from another reckoning, nor one thing from another thing; or that his actions are quick, none of them being later than He desireth, because it is done without manual operation and without effort, so that He will reckon with mankind, after raising them from death and congregating them, in the twinkling of an eye, without numbering, or calculating: (K:) and [in like manner He is said in the same, chap. vi., last verse, to be] سَرِيعُ العِقَابِ [quick in punishing]. (El-Mufradát, B.) b2: Also A certain kind of going, or pace; coupled with سُنْبُكٌ, which signifies another kind thereof. (Ibn-Habeeb, TA.) b3: [السَّرِيعُ The ninth metre (بَحْر) in prosody, in which each hemistich originally consisted of مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ مَفْعُولَاتُ.] b4: And أَبُو سَرِيعٍ

The [shrub called] عَرْفَج: or the fire that is therein. (K. [See زَحْفَةٌ.]) A2: Also A shoot, or twig, that falls from the بَشَام [or tree of the balsam of Mekkeh]: pl. سِرْعَانٌ and سُرْعَانٌ. (K.) أَسْرَعُ [More, and most, quick, expeditious, hasty, speedy, rapid, swift, or fleet, of course, tendency, action, speech, &c.]. [It is said, of God, in the Kur vi. 62,] وَهُوَ أَسْرَعُ الحَاسِبِينَ [And He is the quickest of the reckoners]. (K.) [The fem.] سُرْعَى is applied to a she-camel by Honeyf El-Hanátim [as meaning Surpassingly quick or fleet]. (IAar, TA in art. بهى.) مُسْرِعٌ: see سَرِيعٌ.

مِسْرَعٌ: see سَرِيعٌ.

مِسْرَاعٌ Very quick, or hasty, (K, TA,) to [do] good or evil, (K,) or in affairs. (TA.)

سبغ

1 سَبَغَ, (Msb, K, &c.,) aor. ـُ (MA, Msb) and سَبَغَ, (MA,) inf. n. سُبُوغٌ, (Msb, K, &c.,) It (a garment [&c.]) was complete, full, ample, or without deficiency: (MA, Msb:) it (a thing, Lth, Msb, of any kind, JK, Msb, such as a garment, TA, a coat of mail, JK, Msb, TA, and the like, TA, and hair, JK, TA) was long, (JK, Msb, K,) from above to below, (Msb,) or reaching to, or towards, the ground. (Lth, K.) [Hence,] ذُو سُبُوغٍ [The ample, or long, &c.,] was the name of a coat of mail belonging to the Prophet. (TA.) b2: [Hence also] سَبَغَتْ قُصَيْرَى الفَرَسِ The قصيري [app. here meaning the rib next the flank] of the horse was of full length. (TA.) b3: And سَبَغَ المَطَرُ (tropical:) The rain approached the earth, and extended. (TA.) b4: And سَبَغَتِ النِّعْمَةُ, (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. as above, (S, Msb,) (tropical:) The benefit, or boon, was, or became, ample. (S, Msb, K, TA.) One says, الحَمْدُ لِلّٰهِ عَلَى سُبُوغِ النِّعْمَةِ Praise be to God for the ampleness of the benefit, or boon. (TA.) b5: And سَبَغَ لِبَلَدِهِ (assumed tropical:) He tended towards, and reached, his town, or country; (AA, * K;) inf. n. as above. (TA.) 2 سَبَّغَتْ, inf. n. تَسْبِيغٌ, She (a camel, As, JK, S, or a pregnant female, K) cast her young one, or fœtus, (As, JK, S, K,) in an incomplete state, (TA,) or when its hair had grown, (As, S, K,) or when its fur had grown; (JK;) accord. to the T, (TA,) i. q. أَجْهَضَت: (JK, TA:) or, accord. to AA, سَبَّغَتِ الإِبِلُ بِأَوْلَادِهَا the camels cast their young abortively; and, in like manner, accord. to Lth, one says of all pregnant females: (TA:) [see also سَبَّقَت:] the epithet applied to her is ↓ مُسَبِّغٌ, without ة. (As, K, TA.) 4 اسبغهُ He made it complete, full, ample, or without deficiency; (Msb;) he made it wide; namely, his garment [&c.]: and he made it long; namely, [his garment, and the like, and] his hair, (TA.) b2: [Hence,] اسبغ اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ النِّعْمَةَ (S, Msb, * K *) (tropical:) God made the benefit, or boon, complete, full, or ample, to him. (S, * Msb, * K, * TA.) and اسبغ لَهُ فِى النَّفَقَةِ (assumed tropical:) He expended upon him what was completely sufficient for his wants; bestowed upon him amply. (TA.) b3: And اسبغ الوُضُوْءَ, (K,) inf. n. إِسْبَاغٌ, (S,) (tropical:) He performed completely the [ablution termed] وضوء, (S, K, TA,) making it to reach to the proper places thereof, and giving fully to every member its due. (K, TA.) A2: And اسبغ He put on a wide, or an ample, [or a long,] coat of mail. (KL.) سُبُغٌ: see مُسْبِغٌ.

سَبْغَةٌ (tropical:) Plentifulness, and pleasantness or easiness, and softness or delicacy, of life. (K, TA.) One says, إِنَّهُمْ لَفِى سَبْغَةٍ مِنَ العَيْشِ (tropical:) Verily they are in a state of plentifulness, &c., of life. (TA.) سَابِغٌ, applied to a thing (JK, S) of any kind, (JK,) Complete, full, ample, or without deficiency: (S, TA:) [and] long. (JK.) You say, دِرْعٌ سَابِغَةٌ A coat of mail that is wide, or ample, (S, K, * TA,) and long: (K, TA:) or such that one drags it upon the ground, or [that falls] against one's ankles, by reason of length and ampleness: pl. سَوَابِغُ. (TA.) And ذَنَبٌ سَابِغٌ A complete, a full, or an ample, tail. (S.) and دَلْوٌ سَابِغَةٌ (tropical:) A long دلو [or leathern bucket]. (TA.) And نَاقَةٌ سَابِغَةُ الضَّرْعِ (tropical:) A she-camel full, or without lack or defect, in the udder: (Lth, and so in the K accord. to the TA:) or سَابِغَةُ الضُّلُوعِ without lack or defect, and long, in the ribs. (So in copies of the K.) And عَجِيزَةٌ سَابِغَةٌ and أَلْيَةٌ سَابِغَةٌ (Msb, K) signify in like manner, (K,) [or] (tropical:) A long buttock. (Msb, TA. *) And رَجُلٌ سَابِغُ الأَلْيَتَيْنِ (assumed tropical:) A man large in the buttocks. (TA.) And فَحْلٌ سَابِغٌ (tropical:) A stallion long in the veretrum: (S, K, TA:) the contr. thereof is termed كَمِشٌ. (S, TA.) And لِثَةٌ سَابِغَةٌ (tropical:) A foul, or an ugly, gum. (Lth, K, TA.) b2: And مَطْرَةٌ سَابِغَةٌ (tropical:) A compious rain. (K, * TA.) b3: And نِعْمَةٌ سَابِغَةٌ (tropical:) A complete, a full, or an ample, benefit, or boon. (K, * TA.) b4: See also تَسْبِغَةٌ.

أَسْبَغُ More [and most] complete, full, ample, or free from deficiency [in breadth and in length]: occurring in this sense in a trad., relating to a coat of mail. (TA.) تَسْبَِغٌ: see what next follows.

تَسْبِغَةٌ (JK, S, K) and تَسْبَغَةٌ and ↓ تَسْبِغٌ and تَسْبَغٌ, (JK, K,) the first of which is the most chaste, (TA,) I. q. مِغْفَرٌ [q. v.]: (JK:) or a portion of the mail of the coat of mail, that is conjoined to the helmet, and protects the neck: (JK, S, K:) for the helmet becomes lengthened (تَسْبُغُ) thereby; and but for it, there would be between it and the opening at the neck of the coat of mail an intervening space: (S:) or the mail composing the رَفْرَف of the helmet, at the bottom thereof, with which the man protects his neck, and which is also called the مِغْفَر: or, accord. to “ the Book of the Coat of Mail and the Helmet,”

by AO, the رَفْرَف of the helmet is other than its تَسْبِغَة; for he says that, of helmets, there is that which has a رَفْرَف, [consisting of] rings [or mail] encompassing the bottom thereof, so as to surround the back and other parts of the neck, and the two cheeks, and to reach to the مَحْجِرَانِ [q. v.] of the two eyes; and he afterwards says, but when it [the helmet] is not of plate, or expanded metal, but is [a head-covering] of mail, it is called مِغْفَرٌ and غِفَارَةٌ and تَسْبِغَةٌ: (TA:) [the pl. is تَسَابِغُ:] and the helmet [that has a تَسْبِغَة attached to it, accord. to those who mean by this term the mail attached to the bottom thereof,] is called ↓ سَابِغٌ: (JK:) or, accord. to As, one says بَيْضَةٌ لَهَا سَابِغٌ, (S,) or لَهَا تَسَابِغُ. (K, TA: in the CK [erroneously] تَسَابُغٌ.) مُسْبِغٌ, (S, A, L, TA,) in the O and K ↓ سُبُغٌ, like عُنُقٌ, which seems to be a mistranscription, copied by the author of the K, accord, to his usual practice, from the O, (TA,) A man having upon him a coat of mail such as is termed سَابِغَةٌ. (S, A, O, L, K.) مُسَبَّغٌ is expl. by Kr as meaning The young that is cast by its mother after the soul has been blown into it. (TA. [But see its verb, 2.]) مُسَبِّغٌ: see 2.

مِسْبَاغٌ A she-camel that usually casts her young abortively: but a term not well know, (IDrd, TA.)

سمق

1 سَمَقَ, (S, O, L, K,) aor. ـُ (O, L,) inf. n. سُمُوقٌ (S, O, L, K) and سَمْقٌ, (L,) It was, or became, high, or tall: (S, O, L, K:) or tall in the highest degree: (JK:) said of a plant, or herbage, (JK, L,) of a tree, and [particularly] of a palmtree. (L.) b2: See also سُمَاقٌ.

سِمِقٌّ Tall; applied to a man. (Kr, TA.) [See also سَامِقٌ.]

سُمَاقٌ Pure; sheer; unmixed. (S, O, K.) Yousay كَذِبٌ سُمَاقٌ A sheer, unmixed, lie; (S, O;) and حُبٌّ سُمَاقٌ pure, unmixed, love; meaning such as have overtopped (↓ سَمَقَا) every lie and love. (O.) سَمُوقٌ: see سُمَّاقٌ.

سَمِيقٌ: see سَامِقٌ.

A2: The dual, سَمِيقَانِ, signifies The [yokes or] two pieces of wood that belong to the نِير, surrounding the necks of the two bulls, (S, Z, O, K,) like the neck-ring, (S, O,) the two extremities of each being made to meet together beneath the bull's dewlap, and bound with a cord: (Z, TA:) pl. أَسْمِقَةٌ. (TA.) b2: And [its pl.,] أَسْمِقَةٌ, Certain pieces of wood in the utensil upon which bricks, or crude bricks, (لَبِن,) are conveyed. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, L, K.) سُمَّاقٌ (S, O, K) and ↓ سَمُوقٌ, (O, K,) in the Tekmileh with teshdeed, [i. e. ↓ سَمُّوقٌ,] (TA,) [Sumach; the rhus coriaria of Linn.; or its berry:] a certain fruit, (K,) well known; (S, K;) a certain acid thing, with which one cooks; (O;) the fruit of certain trees of the [high grounds termed] قِفَاف and of the mountains, acid, consisting of bunches of small berries, which are cooked; (AHn, TA;) not known to AHn as growing in any part of the land of the Arabs except in Syria; and he says that it is intensely red: in the T, said to be the acid berry called عَبْرَب: n. un. with ة: (TA:) it excites appetence; stops chronic diarrhœa; and the application of water in which it has been steeped, or macerated, as a collyrium, is beneficial for the [disorder termed] سُلَاق and for ophthalmia. (K.) سَمُّوقٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

قِدْرٌ سُمَّاقِيَّةٌ: see عَرَبْرَبِيَّةٌ, in art عرب سَامِقٌ and ↓ سَمِيقٌHigh, or tall; applied to a plant, or herbage, and to a tree, and [particularly] to a palm-tree. (L.) [See also سِمِيقٌ.]

طُوسُ:
قال بطليموس: طول طوس إحدى وثمانون درجة، وعرضها سبع وثلاثون، وهي في الإقليم الرابع، إن شئت صرفته لأن سكون وسطه قاوم إحدى العلّتين، واشتقاقه في الذي قبله: وهي مدينة بخراسان بينها وبين نيسابور نحو عشرة فراسخ تشتمل على بلدتين يقال لإحداهما الطابران وللأخرى نوقان ولهما أكثر من ألف قرية فتحت في أيام عثمان بن عفان، رضي الله عنه، وبها قبر عليّ بن موسى الرّضا وبها أيضا قبر هارون الرشيد، وقال مسعر بن المهلهل:
وطوس أربع مدن: منها اثنتان كبيرتان واثنتان صغيرتان، وبها آثار أبنية إسلامية جليلة، وبها دار حميد بن قحطبة، ومساحتها ميل في مثله، وفي بعض بساتينها قبر عليّ بن موسى الرضا وقبر الرشيد، وبينها وبين نيسابور قصر هائل عظيم محكم البنيان لم أر مثله علوّ جدران وإحكام بنيان، وفي داخله مقاصير تتحير في حسنها الأوهام وآزاج وأروقة وخزائن وحجر للخلوة، وسألت عن أمره فوجدت أهل البلد مجمعين على أنه من بناء بعض التبابعة وأنه كان قصد بلد الصين من اليمن فلما صار إلى هذا المكان رأى أن يخلّف حرمه وكنوزه وذخائره في مكان يسكن إليه ويسير متخففا فبنى هذا القصر وأجرى له نهرا عظيما آثاره بيّنة وأودعه كنوزه وذخائره وحرمه ومضى إلى الصين فبلغ ما أراد وانصرف فحمل بعض ما كان جعله في القصر وبقيت له فيه بعد أموال وذخائر تخفى أمكنتها وصفات مواضعها مكتوبة معه، فلم يزل على هذه الحال تجتاز به القوافل وتنزله السابلة ولا يعلمون منه شيئا حتى استبان ذلك واستخرجه أسعد بن أبي يعفر صاحب كحلان في أيامنا هذه لأن الصفة كانت وقعت إليه فوجّه قوما استخرجوها وحملوها إليه إلى اليمن، وقد خرج من طوس من أئمة أهل العلم والفقه ما لا يحصى، وحسبك بأبي حامد محمد بن محمد بن محمد الغزالي الطوسي وأبي الفتوح أخيه، وأما الغزالي أبو حامد فهو الإمام المشهور صاحب التصانيف التي ملأت الأرض طولا وعرضا، قرأ على أبي المعالي الجويني ودرس بالنظاميّة بعد أبي إسحاق ونال من الدنيا أربه ثم انقطع إلى العبادة فحجّ إلى بيت الله الحرام وقصد الشام وأقام بالبيت المقدّس مدة، وقيل: إنه قصد الإسكندرية وأقام بمنارتها ثم رجع إلى طوس وانقطع إلى العبادة فألزمه فخر الملك بن نظام الملك بالتدريس بمدرسته في نيسابور فامتنع وقال: أريد العبادة، فقال له: لا يحلّ لك أن تمنع المسلمين الفائدة منك، فدرّس ثم ترك التدريس ولزم منزله بطوس حتى مات بالطابران منها في رابع عشر جمادى الآخر سنة 505 ودفن بظاهر الطابران، وكان مولده سنة 450، ورثاه الأديب الأبيوردي فقال:
بكى على حجّة الإسلام حين ثوى ... من كل حيّ عظيم القدر أشرفه
وما لمن يمتري في الله عبرته ... على أبي حامد لاح يعنّفه
تلك الرزيّة تستهوي قوى جلدي، ... والطّرف تسهره والدمع تنزفه
فما له خلّة في الزّهد منكرة، ... ولا له شبه في الخلق نعرفه
مضى وأعظم مفقود فجعت به ... من لا نظير له في الخلق يخلفه
ومنها تميم بن محمد بن طمغاج أبو عبد الرحمن الطوسي صاحب المسند الحافظ، رحل وسمع بحمص سليمان بن سلمة الخياري، وبمصر محمد بن رمح وغيره، وبالجبال وخراسان إسحاق بن راهويه والحسن بن عيسى الماسرجسي، وبالعراق عبد الرحمن بن واقد الواقدي وأحمد بن حنبل وهدبة بن خالد وشيبان ابن فرّوخ، روى عنه جماعة، منهم: عليّ بن جمشاد العدل وأبو بكر بن إبراهيم بن البدر صاحب الخلافيات وخلق سواهم، وقال الحاكم: تميم بن محمد ابن طمغاج أبو عبد الرحمن الطوسي محدث ثقة كثير الحديث والرحلة والتصنيف، جمع المسند الكبير ورأيته عند جماعة من مشايخنا، والوزير نظام الملك الحسن بن عليّ وغيرهم، وأهل خراسان يسمّون أهل طوس البقر، ولا أدري لم ذلك، وقال رجل يهجو نظام الملك:
لقد خرّب الطّوسيّ بلدة غزنة، ... فصبّ عليه الله مقلوب بلدته
هو الثور قرن الثور في حر أمّه، ... ومقلوب اسم الثور في جوف لحيته
وقال دعبل بن عليّ في قصيدة يمدح بها آل عليّ بن أبي طالب، رضي الله عنه، ويذكر قبري عليّ بن موسى والرشيد بطوس:
اربع بطوس على قبر الزكيّ به ... إن كنت تربع من دين على وطر
قبران في طوس: خير الناس كلّهم، ... وقبر شرّهم، هذا من العبر
ما ينفع الرّجس من قرب الزكيّ ولا ... على الزكيّ بقرب الرجس من ضرر
هيهات كلّ امرئ رهن بما كسبت ... يداه حقّا، فخذ ما شئت أو فذر
وطوس: من قرى بخارى، عن أبي سعد، ونسب إليها أبا جعفر رضوان بن عمران الطوسي من أهل بخارى، روى عن أسباط بن اليسع وأبي عبد الله بن أبي حفص، روى عنه خلف بن محمد بن إسماعيل الخيّام.

إِرْبِلُ:
بالكسر ثم السكون، وباء موحدة مكسورة، ولام، بوزن إثمد، ولا يجوز فتح الهمزة لأنه ليس في أوزانهم مثل أفعل، إلا ما حكى سيبويه من قولهم: أصبع وهي لغة قليلة غير مستعملة، فان كان إربل عربيّا، فقد قال الأصمعي: الرّبل ضرب من الشجر، إذا برد الزمان عليه وأدبر الصيف تفطّر بورق أخضر من غير مطر، يقال:
تربّلت الأرض، لا يزال بها ربل، فيجوز أن تكون إربل مشتقّة من ذلك. وقد قال الفرّاء:
الريبال النبات الكثير الملتفّ الطويل، فيجوز أن تكون هذه الأرض، اتّفق فيها في بعض الأعوام من الخصب، وسعة النبت ما دعاهم إلى تسميتها بذلك. ثم استمر،
كما فعلوا بأسماء الشهور، فإنهم سموا كل شهر بما اتفق به في فصله، من حرّ أو برد، فسقط جمادى في شدّة البرد وجمود المياه، والربيعان في أيام الصيف، وصفر حيث صفرت الأرض من الخيرات، وكانت تسميتها لذلك في أزمنة متباعدة، ولم يكن في عام واحد متوال، ولو كان في عام واحد، كان من المحال أن يجيء جمادى، وهم يريدون به جمود الماء وشدّة البرد، بعد الربيع، ثم تغيّرت الأزمنة ولزمها ذلك الاسم، وإربل: قلعة حصينة، ومدينة كبيرة، في فضاء من الأرض واسع بسيط، ولقلعتها خندق عميق، وهي في طرف من المدينة، وسور المدينة ينقطع في نصفها، وهي على تلّ عال من التراب، عظيم واسع الرأس، وفي هذه القلعة أسواق ومنازل للرعية، وجامع للصلاة، وهي شبيهة بقلعة حلب، إلّا أنها أكبر وأوسع رقعة. وطول إربل تسع وستون درجة ونصف، وعرضها خمس وثلاثون درجة ونصف وثلث، وهي بين الزابين، تعدّ من أعمال الموصل، وبينهما مسيرة يومين. وفي ربض هذه القلعة، في عصرنا هذا، مدينة كبيرة، عريضة طويلة، قام بعمارتها وبناء سورها، وعمارة أسواقها وقيسارياتها، الأمير مظفّر الدين كوكبرى بن زين الدين كوجك علي، فأقام بها، وقامت، بمقامه بها، لها سوق وصار له هيبة، وقاوم الملوك ونابذهم بشهامته وكثرة تجربته حتى هابوه، فانحفظ بذلك أطرافه، وقصدها الغرباء، وقطنها كثير منهم، حتى صارت مصرا كبيرا من الأمصار. وطباع هذا الأمير مختلفة متضادة، فإنه كثير الظلم، عسوف بالرعية، راغب في أخذ الأموال من غير وجهها، وهو مع ذلك مفضل على الفقراء، كثير الصدقات على الغرباء، يسيّر الأموال الجمّة الوافرة يستفكّ بها الأسارى من أيدي الكفار، وفي ذلك يقول الشاعر:
كساعية للخير من كسب فرجها، ... لك الويل! لا تزني ولا تتصدّقي
ومع سعة هذه المدينة، فبنيانها وطباعها بالقرى أشبه منها بالمدن، وأكثر أهلها أكراد قد استعربوا، وجميع رساتيقها وفلاحيها وما ينضاف إليها أكراد، وينضمّ إلى ولايتها عدّة قلاع، وبينها وبين بغداد مسيرة سبعة أيام للقوافل، وليس حولها بستان، ولا فيها نهر جار على وجه الأرض، وأكثر زروعها على القنيّ المستنبطة تحت الأرض، وشربهم من آبارهم العذبة الطيبة المريئة، التي لا فرق بين مائها وماء دجلة في العذوبة والخفة، وفواكهها تجلب من جبال تجاورها، ودخلتها فلم أر فيها من ينسب إلى فضل غير أبي البركات المبارك بن أحمد بن المبارك بن موهوب ابن غنيمة بن غالب، يعرف بالمستوفي، فإنه متحقق بالأدب، محب لأهله، مفضل عليهم، وله دين واتصال بالسلطان، وخلّة شبيهة بالوزارة، وقد سمع الحديث الكثير ممن قدم عليهم إربل، وألّف كتبا، وقد أنشدني من شعره، وكتب لي بخطه عدة قطع، منها:
تذكّرنيك الريح مرت عليلة ... على الروض مطلولا، وقد وضح الفجر
وما بعدت دار، ولا شطّ منزل، ... إذا نحن أدنتنا الأمانيّ والذكر
وقد كان اشتهر شعر نوشروان البغدادي، المعروف بشيطان العراق الضرير، فيها سالكا طريق الهزل، راكبا سنن الفكاهة، موردا ألفاظ البغداديين والأكراد، ثم إقلاعه عن ذلك والرجوع عنه، ومدحه لإربل، وتكذيبه نفسه، وأنا أورد مختار
كلمتيه هاهنا، قصدا لترويج الأرواح، والإحماض بنوع ظريف من المزاح، وهي هذه:
تبّا لشيطاني وما سوَّلا، ... لأنه أنزلني إربلا
نزلتها في يوم نحس، فما ... شككت أني نازل كربلا
وقلت ما أخطا الذي مثلا ... بإربل، إذ قال: بيت الخلا
هذا، وفي البازار قوم إذا ... عاينتهم، عاينت أهل البلا
من كلّ كرديّ حمار، ومن ... كلّ عراقيّ، نفاه الغلا
أما العراقيون ألفاظهم: ... جب لي جفاني جفّ جال الجلا
جمّا لك أي جعجع جبه تجي ... تجب جماله، قبل أن ترجلا
هيّا مخاعيطي الكشحلي، مشى ... كف المكفني اللّنك أي بو العلا
جفّه بجعصه، انتفه مدّة ... يكفو به، أشفقه بالملإ
عكلي ترى هواي قسيمه أعفقه، ... قل له البويذ بخين كيف انقلا
هذي القطيعة هجعة الخط من ... عندي تدفّع، كم تحطّ الكلا
والكرد لا تسمع إلّا جيا، ... أو نجيا أو نتوى زنكلا
كلّا، وبوبو علّكو خشتري ... خيلو وميلو، موسكا منكلا
ممّو ومقوّ ممكي ثم إن ... قالوا: بو يركي تجي؟ قلت: لا
وفتية تزعق، في سوقهم ... سردا، جليدا، صوتهم قد علا
وعصبة تزعق، والله تنفر ... وشوترايم، هم سخام الطّلا
ربع خلا من كلّ خير، بلى ... من كلّ عيب، وسقوط ملا
فلعنة الله على شاعر ... يقصد ربعا، ليس فيه كلا
أخطأت، والمخطىء في مذهبي ... يصفع، في قمّته، بالدّلا
إذ لم يكن قصدي إلى سيدي ... جمّاله، قد جمّل الموصلا
ثم قال يعتذر من هجائه لإربل، ويمدح الرئيس مجد الدين داود بن محمد، كتبت منها ما يليق بهذا الكتاب، وألقيت السّخف والمزح:
قد تاب شيطاني وقد قال لي: ... لا عدت أهجو بعدها إربلا
كيف؟ وقد عاينت في صدرها ... صدرا، رئيسا سيدا مقبلا
مولاي مجد الدين، يا ماجدا ... شرّفه الله، وقد خوّلا
عبدك نوشروان، في شعره، ... ما زال للطيّبة مستعملا
لولاك، ما زارت ربى إربل ... أشعاره قطّ، ولا عوّلا
ولو تلقّاك بها لم يقل: ... تبّا لشيطاني، وما سوّلا
هذا، وفي بيتي سئتّ، إذا ... أبصرها غيري انثنى أحولا
تقول: فصل كازروني، وان ... طاكي، والّا ناطح الأيّلا
فقلت: ما في الموصل اليوم لي ... معيشة، قالت: دع الموصلا
واقصد إلى إربل واربع بها، ... ولا تقل ربعا قليل الكلا
وقل: أنا أخطأت في ذمّها، ... وحطّ في رأسك خلع الدّلا
وقل: أبي القرد، وخالي وأنا ... كلب، وإنّ الكلب قد خوّلا
وعمّتي قادت على خالتي، ... وأمّي القحبة رأس البلا
وأختي القلفاء شبّارة، ... ملاحها قد ركب الكوثلا
فربعنا ملآن من فسقنا، ... وقطّ من ناكتنا ما خلا
وكلّ من واجهنا وجهه ... سخّم فيه، بالسّخام، الطّلا
يا إربليين اسمعوا كلمة، ... قد قال شيطاني واسترسلا:
فالآن عنكم قد هجا نفسه، ... بكل قول يخرس المقولا
هيّج ذاك الهجو، عن ربعكم، ... كلّ أخير ينقض الأوّلا
وقد نسب إليها جماعة من أهل العلم والحديث، منهم أبو احمد القاسم بن المظفّر الشهرزوري الشيباني الإربلي وغيره. وإربل أيضا: اسم لمدينة صيداء التي بالساحل من أرض الشام عن نصر، وتلقّنه عنه الحازمي، والله أعلم.

خرف

1 خَرَفَ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (S, Msb,) inf. n. خَرْفٌ (Msb, K) and مَخْرَفٌ and خَرَافٌ and خِرَافٌ; (K;) and ↓ اخترف; (S Msb, K;) He gathered, or plucked, fruit: (S K:) or cut it off. (Msb.) Accord. to the M, خَرَفَ النَّخْلَ signifies He cut off the fruit of the palm-trees: and accord. to AHn, ↓ اِخْتِرَافٌ signifies the picking up the fruit of the palm-trees, whether unripe or ripe. (TA.) b2: خَرَفَ فُلَانًا, (K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. خَرْفٌ, (TA,) He picked up, for such a one, dates (تَمْرًا), or fruit (ثَمْرًا), accord. to different copies of the K: from Sh. (TA.) b3: يَخْرُفُ مِنْ هَاهُنَا وَمِنْ هَاهُنَا, said of a lamb, means He depastures, and eats, from this place and from this. (Msb, TA. *) b4: And خَرَفَ, said of a man, (JK, TA,) aor. ـِ (JK,) or ـُ (TA,) He took of the طَرَف [app. meaning the choice part] of the fruits. (JK, TA.) A2: خَرَفَ also signifies He remained, stayed, or abode, in the [season called] خَرِيف: (Ham p. 676:) and in like manner, ↓ اخرفوا they remained, stayed, or abode, in a place during their خَرِيف. (TA.) You say, خَرَفُوا فِى حَائِطِهِمْ They remained, stayed, or abode, in their حائط [or garden, or walled garden of palm-trees,] in the time of the gathering of the fruits. (TA, from a trad. of 'Omar.) A3: خُرِفْنَا We were rained upon by the rain called الخَرِيف. (S, K.) And خُرِفَتِ الأَرْضُ, (S,) inf. n. خَرْفٌ, (TA,) The land was rained upon by the rain so called. (S, TA) and خُرِفَتِ البَهَائِمُ The beasts were rained upon by the rain so called: or had that upon which they might pasture produced for them by that rain. (TA.) A4: خَرِفَ, aor. ـَ He (a man, TA) was, or became, fond of, or addicted to, the eating of خُرْفَة, (K,) i. e. gathered, or plucked, fruit (S, K, TA) of the palm-tree. (TA.) A5: خَرِفَ, (S, L, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) inf. n. خَرَفٌ; (S, * Msb;) and خَرَفَ, aor. ـُ and خَرُفَ, aor. ـُ (K;) He (a man, S, Msb) doted; or was, or became, corrupted, rendered unsound, or disordered, in his intellect; (S, Msb, K;) in consequence of old age. (S, Msb.) [The first of these three verbs, in the present day, is used as meaning He doted; told stories such as are termed خُرَافَات, i. e. fictions, &c.; and talked nonsense: as also ↓ خرّف.]

A6: خَرَفَتْهُ أَخَارِيفُ [app. Stories such as are termed اخاريف, i. e. ↓ خُرَافَات, or fictions, &c., caused him to dote, or talk nonsense]. (JK, TA. * [Mentioned in the former immediately after خُرَافَةٌ explained as meaning “ a fiction that is deemed pretty. ” See also 4.]) 2 خرّفهُ, inf. n. تَخْرِيفٌ, He attributed to him خَرَف, (K, TA,) i. e. [dotage; or] a corrupt, an unsound, or a disordered, state of intellect. (TA.) A2: See also 1, near the end of the paragraph.3 خارفهُ, (K,) inf. n. مُخَارَفَةٌ and خِرَافٌ, (TA,) He bargained, or made an engagement, with him, for work, for the خَرِيف [or autumn]; (K;) from الخَرِيفُ, like المُشَاهَرَةُ from الشَّهْرُ; (O, TA;) as also عَامَلَهُ مُخَارَفَةً (S, TA) and خِرَافًا: and so اِسْتَأْجَرَهُ مُخَارَفَةً and خِرَافًا [He hired him, or took him as a hired man or a hireling, for the autumn]. (Lh, TA.) 4 اخرف, said of the palm-tree, It attained, or nearly attained, the time for its fruit to be cut off. (JK, K.) b2: And, said of a people, or party, They entered upon the [season called] خَرِيف. (S, K.) See also 1. b3: اخرفت, said of a ewe, or she-goat, She brought forth in the [season called]

خريف. (S, K.) b4: Said of a she-camel, She brought forth in the like of the time [of the year] in which she became pregnant (S, K) in the preceding year: so says El-Umawee: (S:) [or, so applied, it means the same as when said of a ewe or she-goat; for] the epithet applied to her in this case is ↓ مُخْرِفٌ; (S, K;) but this is more correctly explained as signifying, applied to a she-camel and to a ewe or she-goat, that brings forth in the خريف. (TA.) b5: Also, said of ذُرَة [or millet], It became very tall. (JK, Ibn-'Abbád, K.) A2: اخرفهُ نَخْلَةً He assigned to him a palm-tree of which he should cut, or gather, the fruit. (Lth, K.) A3: Also, (said of anxiety, JK, or of time, or fortune, TA,) It corrupted him, or disordered him; (K, TA;) [app., in his intellect; or caused him to dote; as is indicated in the JK;] namely, an old man. (JK.) 8 إِخْتَرَفَ see 1, first and second sentences.

خَرَفٌ A corrupt, an unsound, or a disordered, state of the intellect; dotage. (S. [See خَرِفَ, of which it is the inf. n.]) A2: The [bad sort of] dates called شِيص. (K, * TA.) خرِفٌ Corrupted, unsound, or disordered, in his intellect, (S, Msb, K,) in consequence of old age; doting: (S, Msb:) fem. with ة. (TA.) خُرُفٌ A time of going forth of camels, (Nh,) or of men, (O, K,) to the [herbage of the season called] خَرِيف: so in the saying of El-Járood, يَا رَسُولَ اللّٰهِ قَدْ عَلِمْتَ مَا يَكْفِينَا مِنَ الظَّهْرِ ذَوْدٌ نَأْتِى

عَلَيْهِنَّ فِى خُرُفٍ [O Apostle of God, verily thou knowest that a number such as is termed ذود, of camels for riding or carriage, whereon we come in a time of going forth &c., is not sufficient for us]. (Nh, O, K.) خُرْفَةٌ Gathered, or plucked, fruits; (S, Mgh, K;) and particularly of the palm-tree: (TA:) and ↓ خُرَافَةٌ signifies the same. (Mgh, K, TA. [See also خَرِيفٌ.]) It is said in a trad., التَّمْرُ خُرْفَةُ الصَّائِمِ [Dates are the gathered fruit of the faster]; (S, TA;) because breaking the fast upon them is approved: and in another, النَّخْلَةُ خُرْفَةُ الصَّائِمِ, meaning The palm-tree is that of which the fruit is eaten by the faster. (TA.) See also مَخْرَفٌ, last sentence.

خَرْفَى The جلبان, (i. e. جُلُبَّان, or جُلْبَان, &c., accord. to different copies of the K, [see art. جلب,]) a well-known grain or seed, (AHn, K,) of the kind called قَطَانِىّ [i. e. pulse]: (AHn:) an arabicized word, from خَرْبَى, (AHn, K,) which is Persian; also called خُلَّرٌ. (AHn.) خَرْفِىٌّ and خِرْفِىٌّ: see what next follows.

خَرَفَىٌّ and ↓ خَرْفِىٌّ, (S, Msb, K,) the latter a contraction of the former, (Msb,) and ↓ خِرْفِىٌّ, (K,) Of, or relating to, the season called خَرِيف; (S, Msb, K;) and applied to the rain of that season; (JK;) rel. ns. from الخَرِيفُ; (S, Msb, K;) irregularly formed. (S, Msb.) b2: The first also signifies The increase (نِتَاج) [of sheep and goats] in the end of the [season called] قَيْظ. (Aboo-Nasr, TA voce صَفَرِىٌّ, q. v.) خَرَافٌ and ↓ خِرَافٌ The time of the gathering, or plucking, of fruits: (Ks, K:) like حَصَادٌ and حِصَادٌ [&c.]. (TA.) b2: Also inf. ns. of خَرَفَ in the first of the senses explained above. (K.) خِرَافٌ: see the next preceding paragraph: and see مَخْرَفٌ, last sentence.

خَرُوفٌ A lamb; syn. حَمَلٌ [q. v.]: (S, Msb:) or the male young one of the sheep-kind: or such as has pastured, and become strong: (Lth, K:) younger than the جَذَع: (Lth, TA:) so called because it depastures from this place and this: (Msb, TA: [see 1:]) fem. with ة: (K:) pl. (of pauc., TA) أَخْرِفَةٌ and (of mult., TA) خِرْفَانٌ. (Msb, K, TA.) The latter pl. is sometimes used as meaning (assumed tropical:) Young and ignorant persons; like as كِبَاشٌ is used as meaning aged and learned persons. (TA.) And hence the prov., كَالْخَرُوفِ

أَيْنَمَا اتَّكَأَ عَلَى صُوفٍ [Like the lamb: wherever he reclines, he reclines upon wool]: (JK, TA: but in the latter, اتّكى:) applied to him who leads a soft and delicate life. (TA.) b2: Also, (sometimes, S,) A colt; the male offspring of a mare; when he has attained the age of six months, or seven months; (S, K;) a meaning assigned to it by As, in the “ Book of the Horse; ” but unknown to Abu-l-Ghowth: (S:) or, until a year old: (ISk, K:) it is said by some to be applied to a horse: in the L it is said that the خروف of horses is such as is brought forth in the [season called] خَرِيف: but Khálid Ibn-Jebeleh says that it means such as pastures upon the [herbage of the season called] خَرِيف: and Suh thinks that it is an epithet applied to a horse, and any beast, as meaning that depastures the trees and herbage. (TA.) خَرِيفٌ Fresh ripe dates, (K, TA,) or fruits [in general], (S, TA,) gathered, or plucked; (S, K, TA;) as also ↓ مَخْرُوفٌ. (S, TA. See also مَخْرَفٌ, last sentence. [And see خُرْفَةٌ.]) b2: And hence, (tropical:) Fresh milk; milk recently drawn from the udder. (Hr, TA.) b3: Palm-trees (نَخْلٌ) whereof the quantity of the fruit that is upon them is computed by conjecture. (K. [See also خَرَائِفُ, voce خَرِيفَةٌ.]) b4: [The autumn;] one of the divisions of the year, (S, Mgh,) the division (Msb) [consisting of] three months between the end of the قَيْظ [or summer] and the beginning of the شِتَآء

[or winter], (Lth, K, *) in which the fruits are gathered. (Lth, S, Mgh, Msb, K.) b5: And hence, (Mgh, TA,) (assumed tropical:) A year: (Mgh, K, TA:) so in the saying, مَنْ صَامَ يَوْمًا فِى سَبِيلِ اللّٰهِ بَاعَدَهُ اللّٰهُ مِنَ النَّارِ أَرْبَعِينَ خَرِيفًا أَوْ سَبْعِينَ, i. e. [Whoso fasteth a day in the way of God, God will remove him from the fire of Hell] to the distance of a journey of forty years, or seventy. (Mgh: and similar exs. are given in the TA, from three trads.: see also an ex. voce إِنَّ.) b6: Also The rain of the season so called: (S, K:) or the rain, (JK,) or the first of the rain, (K,) in the beginning of the شِتَآء [or winter], (JK, K,) which comes at the time of the cutting off of the fruit of the palmtrees: then follows the وَسْمِىّ, at the coming in of the winter; then, the رَبِيع; then, the صَيْف; and then, the حَمِيم: so says As: El-Ghanawee says that the خريف is between the [auroral] rising of الشِّعْرَى [or Sirius, which commenced, in central Arabia, about the epoch of the Flight, on the 13th of July, O. S.,] and the [auroral] setting of العَرْقُوَتَانِ [or الفَرْغَانِ, the 26th and 27th of the Mansions of the Moon, commencing, in the same region and period, on the 8th and 21st of Sept., O. S., and continuing thirteen days]: El-Ghowr and Rekeeyeh [? (imperfectly written)] and El-Hijáz are all rained upon by the خريف; but Nejd is not: Az says, the first rain is the وَسْمِىّ; the follows the شَتَوِىّ; then, the دَفَئِىّ; then, the صَيْف; then, the حَمِيم; then, the خَرِيف: and therefore the year is made to consist of six seasons: accord. to AHn, [who seems in this matter to differ from most others,] الخريف is not originally the name of the division of the year; but the name of the rain of the قَيْظ [or summer]; and then the season was named thereby. (TA.) [See also نَوْءٌ.] b7: [Also The herbage of the season so called, or of the rain so called; like as رَبِيعٌ signifies the “ herbage of the season, or of the rain, so called. ” So in the phrase used by Khálid Ibn-Jebeleh (in explaining the word خَرُوف), مَا رَعَى الخَرِيفَ Such as pastures upon the خريف.] b8: Also, accord. to AA, (TA,) A rivulet, streamlet, or small channel for irrigation. (JK, K, TA.) خُرَافَةٌ i. q. خُرْفَةٌ, q. v. (Mgh, K.) b2: Hence خُرَافَاتٌ meaning Stories that are deemed pretty: similar to فُكَاهَةٌ from فَاكِهَةٌ: (Mgh:) [or] خُرَافَةُ was the name of a man, (S, Mgh, K,) of [the tribe of] 'Odhrah, (S, K,) whom the Jinn (or Genii) fascinated, (S, Mgh, K,) as the Arabs assert, (Mgh,) and carried off, (TA,) and who related what he had seen, (S, Mgh, K,) of them, when he returned, (Mgh,) and they pronounced him a liar, and said, (S, Mgh, K,) of a thing that was impossible, (Mgh,) حَدِيثُ خُرَافَةَ [a story of Khuráfeh]: (S, Mgh, K:) but it is related of the Prophet, that he said, خُرَافَةُ حَقٌّ, (S, Mgh,) meaning What Khuráfeh relates [as heard] from the Jinn [is true]: (Mgh:) the ر is without teshdeed; and the article ال is not prefixed, because the word is determinate [by itself], unless one mean thereby خُرَافَاتٌ as signifying fictictious night-stories: (S:) or خُرَافَةٌ signifies a fictitious story that is deemed pretty: (Lth, K:) [and ↓ أَخَارِيفُ app. signifies the same as خُرَافَاتٌ, as though its sing. were أُخْرُوفَةٌ, like as أَسَاطِيرُ and أَحَادِيثُ, which have similar meanings, are pls. of which the sings. are said to be أَسْطُورَةٌ and أُحْدُوثَةٌ:] see 1, last signification.

خَرُوفَةٌ: see what next follows.

خَرِيفَةٌ and ↓ خَرُوفَةٌ A palm-tree (نَخْلَةٌ) of which a man gathers, or plucks, the fruit for himself and his household; as also ↓ مَخْرَفٌ: (AHn:) or a palm-tree which one takes for the picking up of its fresh ripe dates: (Sh, O, K:) or the latter signifies a palm-tree of which the fruit is cut off; being of the measure فَعُولَةٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولَةٌ: and the former is said to signify one that is set apart for its fruit that is [to be] gathered, or plucked: (TA:) or a selected palm-tree: (JK:) and its pl. is خَرَائِفُ: (JK, TA:) or خَرَائِفُ signifies palmtrees whereof the quantity of the fruit that is upon them is computed by conjecture. (Az, S, K. [See also خَرِيفٌ.]) Also, the former, [A palm-tree set in the manner described in the following explanation:] one's digging, for a palm-tree, in a water-course, or channel of a torrent, in which are pebbles, until reaching hard ground, and then filling up the hollow with sand, and setting the palm-tree therein. (O, K.) خَارِفٌ A keeper, or watcher, of palm-tree: (K:) pl. خُرَّافٌ. (TA.) أَخَارِيفُ: see خُرَافَةٌ; and see 1, last signification.

مَخْرَفٌ The place of the gathering, or plucking, or cutting off, of fruit. (Msb.) A place of abode of a people, or party, during their خَرِيف. (TA. [It is there added, “as though formed from أَخْرَفُوا, by the rejection of the augmentative letter: ” but it is rather to be regarded as regularly formed, from خَرَفُوا: see 1.]) b2: Also A garden; (Mgh, TA;) and so ↓ مَخْرَفَةٌ: (S, K:) or a garden of palm-trees; as also ↓ مَخْرِفٌ and ↓ مَخْرَفَةٌ: (TA:) a single palm-tree: or a few palm-trees, up to ten; more than these being termed a بُسْتَان or a حَدِيقَة: (El-Harbee, TA:) see also خَرِيفَةٌ: or a small collection of palmtrees, six or seven, which a man purchases for the fruit that is [to be] gathered, or plucked: or any collection of palm-trees: (L, TA:) or a walled garden of palm-trees: (IAth, TA:) or palm-trees [absolutely]: (Mgh:) and an avenue between two rows of palm-trees, such that one may gather, or pluck, the fruit from whichever of them he will; (K;) as also ↓ مَخْرَفَةٌ: (Sh, K:) and, (S, Mgh, K,) as also ↓ مَخْرَفَةٌ, (S, K,) a road, (S, Mgh, K,) such as is conspicuous, clear, or open: (K:) pl. مَخَارِفُ. (Mgh, TA.) It is said in a trad., عَائِدُ المَرِيضِ عَلَى مَخَارِفِ الجَنَّةِ حَتَّى يَرْجِعَ, i. e. The visitor of the sick is as though he were in the gardens of Paradise until he returns: or upon the palm-trees of Paradise; gathering, or plucking, their fruits: or upon the roads of Paradise: (Mgh, * TA:) or, as some relate it, الجنّةِ ↓ على مَخْرَفَةِ. (TA. [See also another explanation, and other readings in what follows.]) And it is said in a trad. of 'Omar, النَّعَمِ ↓ تَرَكْتُكُمْ عَلَى مَخْرَفَةِ, (S,) or تُرِكْتُمْ, (TA,) i. e. [I have left you, or ye have been left,] upon a conspicuous road, like the road of the camels, (As, S, * TA,) which they have trodden with their feet so that it has become plainly apparent. (As, TA.) b3: Also Gathered, or plucked, fruit of palm-trees: (As, A 'Obeyd, IAmb, K:) a correct meaning, though IKt says that the proper word in this sense is only مَخْرُوفٌ: it is like مَشْرَبٌ and مَطْعَمٌ and مَرْكَبٌ as meaning مَشْرُوبٌ and طَعَامٌ مَأْكُولٌ and مَرْكُوبٌ; and may signify fresh ripe dates gathered or plucked: (IAmb, TA:) pl. as above. (As, &c.) So in the former of the two trads. mentioned above accord. to As and A 'Obeyd: (TA:) and this interpretation is corroborated by another reading, i. e., على الجنّةِ ↓ خُرْفَةِ: (Mgh:) another reading is, فِى

الجنّةِ ↓ خِرَافِ: [see خَرَافٌ:] and another, لَهُ فِى الجَنَّةِ ↓ خَرِيفٌ, i. e. [The visitor of the sick shall have] gathered fruits in Paradise. (TA.) مَخْرِفٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مُخْرِفٌ: see 4.

مِخْرَفٌ The thing in which fruits are gathered; (S, Har p. 374;) called by the Arabs خَافَةٌ: (Har ib.:) a [basket of the kind called] مِكْتَل, (Msb,) or زِنْبِيل, of small size, in which the best fresh ripe dates are gathered: (O, K:) pl. مَخَارِفُ. (A, TA.) One says, خَرَجُوا إِلَى المَخَارِفِ بالمَخَارِفِ, i. e. They went forth to the gardens with the baskets (زُبُل) [for gathering fruit]. (A, TA.) b2: And hence, (assumed tropical:) The basket (زنبيل) in which the importunate beggar puts his food. (Har ubi suprà.) مَخْرَفَةٌ: see مَخْرَفٌ, in six places.

مَخْرُوفٌ: see خَرِيفٌ.

A2: Also Rained upon by the rain called خَرِيف; pl., applied to men, مَخْرُوفُونَ: (TA:) [so, too, applied to a beast:] and so, with ة, applied to land (أَرْض). (As, S.) مُخَارَفٌ Denied, or refused, good, or prosperity; prevented, or withheld, from obtaining good, good fortune, or sustenance; (K;) i. q. مُحَارَفٌ; (JK, TA;) as also مُجَارَفٌ. (TA.)

حب

1 حَبَّ [signifying He, or it, was, or became, loved, beloved, an object of love, affected, liked, or approved, is originally حَبُبَ or حَبِبَ]. Yousay, حَبَّ إِلَىَّ هٰذَا الشَّىْءُ, [aor. ـُ or حَبَّ,] inf. n. حُبٌّ, This thing was, or became, an object of love to me. (K. [The meaning is there indicated, but not expressed. In the CK, الشَّىءَ is erroneously put for الشَّىْءُ.]) And حَبُبْتُ إِلَيْهِ I became loved, beloved, or an object of love, to him: [said to be] the only instance of its kind except شَرُرْتُ and لَبُبْتُ. (K.) And مَا كُنْتَ حَبِيبًا وَلَقَدْ حَبِبْتَ, with kesr, Thou wast not loved, and thou hast become loved. (S.) See also 5. b2: حَبَّ, formed from حَبُبَ, by making the former ب quiescent and incorporating it into the latter, is also a verb of praise [signifying Beloved, lovely, pleasing, charming, or excellent, is he, or it]; (TA;) and so حُبَّ, [which is more common,] formed from the same, by incorporating the former ب into the latter after transferring the dammeh of the former to the ح. (ISk, S, TA.) A poet says, وَزَادَهُ كَلَفًا فِى الحُبِّ أَنْ مَنَعَتْ وَحَبَّ شَيْئًا الَى الانْسَانِ مَا مُنِعَا [And her denying increased his devotion in love: for lovely, as a thing, to man, is that which is denied]. (TA.) And Sá'ideh says, هَجَرَتْ غَضُوبُ وَحَبَّ مَنْ يَتَجَنَّبُ وَعَدَتْ عَوَادٍ دُونَ وَلْيِكَ تَشْعِبُ [Ghadoob hath forsaken thee, (and lovely is the person who withdraweth far away,) and obstacles in the way of thy drawing near have occurred to separate thee and her]. (S, TA.) [See also حَبَّذَا, below.] b3: [Both are also verbs of wonder.] Yousay, حَبَّ بِفُلَانٍ, (As, S, and so in copies of the K,) and حُبَّ, (I 'Ak p. 236, [where both forms are mentioned as correct,] and so in the CK,) How beloved, or lovely, &c., is such a one (As, S, K) to me! (As, S.) [See also 4.] A'Obeyd and Fr read this حَبَّ, saying that it means حَبُبَ بفلان, and that the former ب is rendered quiescent by the suppression of its dammeh, and incorporated into the latter. (S, * TA.) A2: See also 4, in two places.

A3: Also حَبَّ, [aor., accord. to analogy, حَبِّ,] He stood still, stopped, or paused. (K.) A4: And حُبَّ, with damm, He was fatigued, or tired. (K.) 2 حبّبهُ إِلَىَّ He, or it, [rendered him, or it, an object of love, lovely, or pleasant, to me;] made me to love, affect, like, approve, or take pleasure in, him, or it. (K.) You say, حبّبهُ إِلَىَّ

إِحْسَانُهُ [His beneficence made him an object of love to me]. (A, TA.) And حَبَّبَ اللّٰهُ إِلَيْهِ الإِيمَانَ [God made faith lovely to him]. (A, TA.) and حُبِّبَ إِلَىَّ بِأَنْ تَزُورَنِى [Thy visiting me hath been made pleasant to me]. (A, TA.) A2: حبّب الدَّوَآءَ [He formed the medicine into pills, or little clots or balls: see its quasi-pass., 5]. (K in حثر, &c.) A3: And حبّب He filled a water-skin &c. (AA, TA.) A4: See also 5.3 مُحَابَّةٌ, (S,) or مُحَابَبَةٌ, (K,) and حِبَابٌ signify the same [as inf. ns. of حابّ]. (S, K.) [You say, حابّ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا They loved, affected, liked, approved, or took pleasure in, one another.] and حابّهُ He acted, or behaved, in a loving, or friendly, manner with him, or to him. (A, TA.) b2: See also 4.4 احبّهُ, (S, A, Msb, K,) inf. n. إِحْبَابٌ; (KL;) and ↓ حَبَّهُ, (S,) first Pers\. حَبَبْتُهُ, (Msb, K,) aor. ـِ which is anomalous, (S, Msb, K,) the regular aor. being حَبُ3َ, which is unused, (Msb,) [said to be] the only instance of a trans. verb whose second and third radical letters are the same having the measure يَفْعِلُ as that of its aor. without having also the measure يَفْعُلُ, (S,) and therefore by some disapproved, as not chaste, and disallowed by Az, though he allows the pass. form حُبَّ, (TA,) inf. n. حُبٌّ, (K,) or this is a simple subst., (Msb,) and حِبٌّ; (K;) and [↓ حَبَّهُ,] first Pers\. حَبِبْتُهُ, aor. ـَ and ↓ حَابّهُ, inf. n. حِبَابٌ, of the dial. of Hudheyl; (Msb;) and ↓ استحبّهُ; (Msb, K;) signify the same; (S, Msb, K;) He loved, affected, liked, approved, or took pleasure in, him, or it: (A, K, and KL in explanation of the first and last:) he held him, or esteemed him, as a friend: (KL in explanation of the first and last:) or اِسْتِحْبَابٌ signifies the esteeming [a person or thing] good: (S:) and the preferring, or choosing, [a person or thing,] as also إِحْبَابٌ: (KL:) and استحبّهُ عَلَى غَيْرِهِ means he loved, or esteemed, him, or it, above another, or others; preferred him, or it, to another, or others. (K, A, * TA.) مَا أَحَبْتُ ذٰلِكَ, in the dial. of the tribe of Suleym, is for ما أَحْبَبْتُهُ [I loved not, or liked not, that]; like ظَنْتُ for ظَنَنْتُ, and ظَلْتُ and ظِلْتُ for ظَلِلْتُ. (Lh, TA.) [أُحِبُّ أَنْ يَكوُنَ كَذَا may be rendered I would that it were thus, or that such a thing were.] It is said of Ohod, in a trad., هُوَ جَبَلٌ يُحِبُّنَا وَنُحِبُّهُ, meaning It is a mountain whose inhabitants love us, and whose inhabitants we love: or it may mean we love the mountain itself, because it is in the land of people whom we love. (IAth, TA.) And one says فِى سَاعَةٍ يُحِبُّهَا الطَّعَامُ for يُحَبُّ فِيهَا [In an hour, or a time, in which food is loved, or liked]. (TA.) b2: مَا أَحَبَّهُ

إِلَىَّ i. q. حَبَّ بِهِ [How beloved, lovely, pleasing, charming, or excellent, is he, or it, to me!]; (As, S, K, * TA;) and so أَحْبِبْ إِلَىَّ بِهِ. (A, TA.) [De Sacy, in his Gram. Ar., sec. ed., ii. 221, mentions the saying, مَا أَحَبَّ المُؤْمِنَ للّٰهِ وَمَا أَحَبَّهُ إِلَى اللّٰهِ, as meaning How greatly does the believer love God! and how great an object of love is he to God!]

A2: احبّ, (S, K,) inf. n. as above, (S,) also signifies He (a camel) kneeled and lay down, and would not spring up: (K:) or was restive: or kneeled and lay down: (S:) or was afflicted by a fracture, or disease, and would not move from his place until cured, or remained there until he died: (Az, S, K:) or became jaded: (TA: [agreeably with this last explanation the act. part. n. is rendered in the S and K on the authority of Th:]) or was at the point of death, by reason of violent disease, and therefore kneeled and lay down, and could not be roused. (AHeyth, TA.) Accord. to AO, أَحْبَبْتُ حُبَّ الخَيْرِ عَنْ ذِكْرِ رَبِّى [in the Kur xxxviii. 31] means I have stuck to the ground, on account of my love of the horses, [lit., of good things,] and so been diverted from prayer, until the time of prayer has passed: (TA:) by الخير is meant الخَيْل. (Jel.) A3: Also He became in a state of recovery from his disease. (K.) A4: And It (seed-produce) had, bore, or produced, grain. (S, K.) 5 تجبّب He manifested, or showed, love, or affection, (S, K,) إِلَيْهِ to him. (S.) تحبّب and ↓ حَبَّ are both syn. with تُودّد. (TA.) b2: [Also, app., He became, or made himself, an object of love or affection to him: see مُحَبَّبٌ, said to be syn. with مُتَحَبِّبٌ.]

A2: He became swollen, or inflated, like a jar (حُبّ), from drinking. (A, TA.) b2: It (a water-skin &c.) became full. (AA, TA.) b3: He began to be satiated with drink. (K.) b4: He (an ass &c.) became filled with water: (S:) and ↓ حَبَّبَ also is used in this sense, but ISd doubts its correctness: (TA:) one says, شَرِبَتِ الإِبِلُ حَتَّى حَبَّبَتْ The camels drank until they were satiated. (S.) A3: تحبّب الجَلِيدُ كَاللُّؤْلُؤِ الصِّغَارِ [The hoar-frost formed into grains like small pearls]. (TA in art. صأب.) b2: تحبّب الرِّيقُ عَلَى الأَسْنَانِ [The saliva formed, or collected, in little bubbles upon the teeth]. (Az, TA.) b3: تَقَطَّعَ اللَّبَنُ وَتَحَبَّبَ [The milk became decomposed, and formed little clots of curd]. (S in art. بحثر.) b4: تحبّب الزُّبْدُ [The butter formed into little clots, when first appearing in the milk or cream]. (S and K in art. ثمر.) The verb is also used in like manner in relation to honey, (K in art. حثر,) and دِبْس (S in that art.,) and medicine. (TA in that art. [See also 2.]) b5: تحبّب الجِلْدُ [The skin broke cat with pimples, or small pustules: so in the language of the present day: see حَبٌّ]. (TA in art. حثر.) 6 تحابّوا They loved, or affected, or liked, one another. (S, A, * K. *) 10 إِسْتَحْبَ3َ see 4.

A2: اِسْتَحَبَّتْ كَرِشُ المَالِ The stomachs of the cattle, or camels &c., retained the water [that they had drunk], and the time between the two waterings thereof became long, or became lengthened. (K.) This is at the conjunction of [the periods of] الطَّرْف and الجَبْهَة [the ninth and tenth of the Mansions of the Moon, which, in central Arabia, about the commencement of the era of the Flight, took place on the 12th of August, O. S., (see مَنَازِلُ القَمَرِ, in art. نزل,)] when Canopus rises with them. (TA. [الصَّرْفَة is there put for الطَّرْف; but evidently by a mistake of a copyist. There is also another mistake, though a small one, in the foregoing passage: for Canopus rises, in central Arabia, after الطرف, and before الجبهة; and rose aurorally, in that latitude, about the commencement of the era of the Flight, on the 4th of August, O. S.]) حَبْ and حَبٍ A cry by which a he-camel is chidden, to urge him on. (TA voce حَوْبِ, q. v.) حَبٌّ, (S, Msb, K,) a [coll.] gen. n., (Msb,) n. un. حَبَّةٌ; (S, Msb, K;) Grain of wheat, barley, lentils, rice, &c.: (Az, TA:) accord. to Ks, only of wheat and barley: (TA:) or wheat &c. while in the ears or other envelopes: (Msb:) [but applied also to various other seeds; among which, to beans, (as in the Mgh in art. بقل,) and peas and the like; and kernels; and] the stones of grapes, dates, pomegranates, and the like: (Mgh voce عجَمٌ:) by some it is applied even [to berries; as, for instance,] to grapes: you say حَبَّةٌ مِنْ عِنَبٍ, as well as مِنَ البُرِّ, and مِنَ الشَّعِيرِ, and the like: (TA:) [and hence, to beads: (see حِبٌّ:)] the pl. (of حَبٌّ, Msb) is حُبُوبٌ (S, Msb, K) and حُبَّانٌ, like تُمْرَانٌ, (K,) pl. of تَمْرٌ; (TA;) and (of حَبَّةٌ, Msb) حَبَّاتٌ (Msb, K) and حِبَابٌ, [or this is pl. of حَبٌّ also,] like كِلَابٌ as pl. of كَلْبَةٌ [and of كَلْبٌ]: (Msb:) and حَبٌّ is also called [by lexicologists, but not by grammarians,] a pl. of حَبَّةٌ. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] Seed-produce, whether small or large. (TA.) b3: And الحَبَّةُ الخَضْرَآءُ (S, K) i. q. البُطْمُ [The fruit of the terebinth-tree, or pistacia terebinthus of Linn. (Delile, Flor. Æg. no. 936.)] (K.) b4: And الحَبَّةُ السَّوْدَآءُ (S, K) i. q. الشُّونِيزُ [The black aromatic seed of a species of nigella]. (K.) [But see art. سود.

And for other similar terms, see the latter word of each.] b5: And حَبَّ الغَمَامِ and حَبُّ المُزْنِ and حَبُّ قُرٍّ Hail. (S. [See a metaphorical usage of the first of these in a verse cited voce أَنَّ.]) b6: [Hence likewise,] حَبٌّ also signifies Pimples, or small pustules: [so in the present day: and any similar small extuberances: a coll. gen. n.: n. un. with ة.] (S and K * in art. حثر.) حُبٌّ Love; affection; syn. وُدٌّ, (A,) or وِدَادٌ; (K;) inclination of the nature, or natural disposition, towards a thing that pleases, or delights; (Kull p. 165;) contr. of بُغْضٌ: (Mgh, TA:) حُبٌّ and ↓ حِبٌّ and ↓ حُبَّةٌ [this being said in the S to be syn. with حُبٌّ and in the K to be syn. with مَحَبَّةٌ, and it is used as an inf. n. in an ex. cited voce دَاحٌ in art. دوح,] and ↓ حُبَابٌ (S, K) and ↓ حِبَابٌ (K) and ↓ مَحَبَّةٌ (S) signify the same; (S, K;) i. e., as above. (K.) The degrees of حُبّ are as follow: first, هَوًى, the “ inclining of the soul, or mind; ” also applied to the “ object of love itself: ” then, عَلَاقَةٌ, “love cleaving to the heart; ” so termed because of the heart's cleaving to the object of love: then, كَلَفٌ, “violent, or intense, love; ” from كُلْفَةٌ signifying “ difficulty, or distress, or affliction: ” then, عِشْقٌ, [“ amorous desire; ” or “ passionate love; ”] in the S, “excess of love; ” and in the language of the physicians, “ a kind of melancholy: ” then, شَغَفٌ, “ardour of love, accompanied by a sensation of pleasure; ”

like لَوْعَةٌ and لَاعِجٌ; the former of which is “ ardour of love; ” and the latter, “ardent love: ”

then, جَوًى, “inward love; ” and “ violence of amorous desire,” or “ of grief, or sorrow: ” then, تَتَيُّمٌ, “a state of enslavement by love: ” then تَبْلٌ, “lovesickness: ” then, وَلَهٌ, “distraction, or loss of reason, in love: ” and then, هُيَامٌ “ a state of wandering about at random in consequence of overpowering love. ” (Kull ubi suprà.) [Accord. to the Msb, it is a simple subst.: but accord. to the K, an inf. n.; and hence,] حُبًّا لِمَا أَحْبَبْتُمْ, meaning أُحِبُّ حُبًّا [I love with loving, i. e. much, what ye have loved]. (Har p. 186.) Hence the phrase, وَكَرَامَةً ↓ نَعَمْ وَحُبَّةً [Yea; and with love and honour will I do what thou requirest: or for the sake of the love and honour that I bear thee: or حبّة may be here used for حُبًّا to assimilate it in termination to كرامة: see what follows]. (S, TA.) Hence also the saying of Abu-l-' Atà EsSindee, فَوَاللّٰهِ مَا أَدْرِى وَإِنِّى لَصَادِقٌ

أَدَآءٌ عَرَانِى مِنْ حُبَابِكِ أَمْ سِحْرُ [And by God, I know not (and indeed I am speaking truth) whether disease have befallen me in consequence of love of thee, or enchantment]: (S, TA:) but IB says that the reading best known is ↓ مِنْ حِبَابِكِ; and that حِباب, here, may be an inf. n. of حَابَبْتُهُ; or it may be pl. of حُبٌّ, like as عِشاشٌ is of عُشٌّ; (TA;) or it may be an inf. n. of حَبَبْتُهُ: some also read ↓ مِنْ حَبَابِكِ, with fet-h to the ح, said to mean on account of the love of thee, and of the main amount thereof: (Ham p. 26:) and some read مِنْ جَنَابِكِ “ from thy part ” [or “ from thee ”]. (TA.) b2: See also حَبِيبٌ.

A2: Also a Persian word, arabicized, (AHát, S, Msb,) from خُنْب, (AHát, TA,) [or خُبْ or خُپْ,] i. q. خَابِيَةٌ, (S, Msb,) A jar, (K, MF,) whether large or small, used for preparing wine: (MF:) or a large jar: (K:) or one for water: (IDrd, TA:) or the four pieces of wood upon which is placed a two-handled, or two-eared, jar: (K, TA: [in the CK, by a misplacement of words, this last signification is assigned to حَبَاب:]) pl. [of pauc.] أَحْبَابٌ (K) and [of mult.]

حِبَابٌ and حِبَبَةٌ. (S, Msb, K.) From this last signification is [said to be] derived the phrase حُبًّا وَكَرَامَةً [pronounced حُبًّا وَكَرَامَهْ, lit. A jarstand and a cover will I give thee, or the like], كرامة signifying the “ cover ” of a jar, (K, TA,) whether of wood or of baked clay. (TA.) [If this be the true derivation, the phrase may have originated from a person's asking of another the loan or gift of a jar, and the latter's replying

“ Yea; and I will give thee a jar-stand and a cover; ” meaning “ I will do what thou requirest, and more: ” but this phrase is now, and perhaps was in early times, generally used, agreeably with the more common significations of the two words, in the sense assigned above to the phrase حُبَّةً

وَكَرَامَةً.]

حِبٌّ: see حُبٌّ: b2: and حَبِيبٌ, in four places: A2: and حِبَّةٌ.

A3: Also, and ↓ حِبَابٌ, [but the latter is doubted by the author of the TA, and thought to be perhaps syn. with حِبٌّ in the sense of مُحِبٌّ, and in the L it is said to be syn. with حبٌّ, but in what sense is not explained,] An ear-ring [formed] of one حَبَّة [or bead]. (K.) حَبَّةٌ n. un. of حَبٌّ [q. v.]. (S, Msb, K.) [Hence,] جَابِرُ بْنُ حَبَّةَ a name of (assumed tropical:) Bread. (ISk, S.) b2: See also حِبَّةٌ, in two places. b3: [A grain; meaning the weight of a grain of barley;] a wellknown weight. (K.) b4: A [small] piece, or portion, of a thing. (S, K.) b5: حَبَّةُ القَلْبِ The heart's core; (AA, TA;) the black, or inner, part of the heart; or i. q. ثَمَرَتُهُ; (S, A, K;) which is that [same thing]: (S:) or a black thing in the heart: (K:) or the black clot of blood that is within the heart: (T, TA:) or the heart's blood. (K.) You say, أَصَابَتْ فُلَانَةُ حَبَّةَ قَلْبِهِ [Such a woman smote his heart's core]. (A, TA.) A2: A want: or an object of want; a needful, or requisite, thing: syn. حَاجَةٌ. (K.) حُبَّةٌ: see حُبٌّ, in two places: b2: and حَبِيبٌ. b3: [It is also used in a pl. sense.] You say, هُوَ مِنْ حُبَّةِ نَفْسِى [He is of the beloved of my soul]. (TA voce حُمَّةٌ.) b4: And حُبَّتُكَ also signifies What thou lovest to receive as a gift, or to have. (K.) You say, اِخْتَرْ حُبَّتَكَ Choose thou what, or whom, thou lovest; as also ↓ مُحَبَّتَكَ. (TA.) A2: Also A grape-stone: sometimes without teshdeed; (K;) i. e. حُبَةٌ. (TA.) حِبَّةٌ, a pl., [or rather quasi-pl. n.,] The seeds of desert-plants that are not used as food; pl. حِبَبٌ: (S:) or seeds of herbs, or leguminous plants, (بُقُول,) and of odoriferous plants: (K:) or of the latter only; (Ks, Az, TA;) and one of such seeds is called ↓ حَبَّةٌ; (Az, TA;) or حِبَّةٌ; the coll. n. being ↓ حِبٌّ: (Msb:) or different seeds of every kind: or the seeds of the herbage called عُشْب: or all seeds of plants: sing. the same, and ↓ حَبَّةٌ: or this signifies everything that is sown: and حِبَّةٌ, the seed of everything that grows spontaneously, without being sown: or a small plant growing among the kind of herbage called حَشِيش: (K:) and dry herbage, broken in pieces, and heaped together: (Aboo-Ziyád, K:) or dry herbs or leguminous plants: (K:) or the seeds of wild herbs or leguminous plants, and of those of the kind called عُشْب, and their leaves, that are scattered and mixed therewith; such as the قُلْقُلَان and بَسْبَاس and ذُرَق and نَفَل and مُلَّاح, and all kinds of those herbs or leguminous plants that are eaten crude, and those that are thick, or gross, and bitterish: upon these seeds and leaves, cattle, or camels &c., pasture and fatten in the end of [the season called] the صَيْف (T, TA.) حَبَبٌ: see حَبَابٌ. b2: Also, (S, K,) and ↓ حِبَبٌ, (K,) A beautiful arrangement of the teeth in regular rows. (S, K.) b3: And Streaks of saliva on the teeth. (TA.) b4: And (both accord. to the K, but the latter only accord. to the TA,) The saliva that flows over the teeth, or collects in the mouth, in little bubbles. (T, K, TA.) حِبَبٌ: see حَبَابٌ: b2: and حَبَبٌ.

حَبَابٌ: see حُبٌّ. b2: حَبَابُكَ Thine utmost: (Msb:) or the utmost of thy power: (S:) or the utmost of thy love: or, of thine endeavour (جَهْدِكَ [like جُهَادَاكَ and حُمَادَاكَ and قُصَارَاكَ and غُنَامَاكَ and نُعَامَاكَ]). (K. [In the CK جُهْدِكَ.]) Yousay, حَبَابُكَ كَذَا, (K,) and حبابك أَنْ تَفْعَلَ ذٰلِكَ, (S, Msb, * TA,) and حبابك أَنْ يَكُونَ ذٰلِكَ, (TA,) Thine utmost, (Msb,) or the utmost of thy power, (S,) or of thy love, or of thine endeavour, (K,) will be such a thing, (K,) and thy doing that, (S, Msb, * TA,) and that event's taking place. (TA.) A2: Also, and ↓ حَبَبٌ and ↓, The main body, the mass, or bulk, or greater part or portion, of water, (S, K,) and of sand, (K,) and of [the beverage called] نَبِيذ: but it is said that the third word applies particularly to water: (TA:) or the first signifies the streaks, or lines, of water, (As, K, TA,) resembling variegated work: (As, TA:) or the waves of water that follow one another: (TA:) or the bubbles (S, A, K) of water, (S, K,) or of wine, (A, TA,) that float upon the surface; (S, A, K;) as also the second (AHn, A) and the third: (AHn, TA:) [it is a coll. gen. n., in this sense, of which the n. un. is with ة:] accord. to IDrd, حببُ المَآءِ and حبابُ المَآءِ signify تَكَسَّرُهُ [app. meaning the ripple, or broken surface, of water, such as is seen when it is slightly fretted by wind, and when it flows over uneven ground]. (TA.) طِرْتَ بِعُبَابِهَا وَفُزْتَ بِحَبَابِهَا, in a trad. of 'Alee, relating to Aboo-Bekr, is explained as meaning Thou hast outrun others, and attained to the place where the flood of El-Islám collects, and reached the first [springs] thereof, and drunk the purest of it, and become possessor of its excellencies: [this is the only explanation of it that I have found:] but it is also otherwise explained. (Hr and others, TA in art. عب.) b2: حَبَابٌ also signifies (tropical:) Dew-drops; (A;) the dew (IAth, K) that is on trees &c. in the evening. (IAth, TA.) It is said in a trad., of the inhabitants of Paradise, that their food shall turn into a sweat like حباب المسْك, by which is meant Musky dew: or, perhaps, musky bubbles. (IAth, TA.) حُبَابٌ: see حُبٌّ, in two places: b2: and حَبِيبٌ.

A2: Also The serpent: (S, IAth, K:) or a serpent not of a malignant species: (TA:) and the name of a devil, (S, K,) accord. to some; (S;) but said to be so only because a serpent is called شَيْطَان. (A 'Obeyd, S, TA.) b2: And a pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] of which the sing. [or n. un.] is حُبَابَةٌ [accord. to the CK حُبَابَةُ], meaning A certain black aquatic insect or small animal. (K.) A3: أُمُّ حُبَابٍ (tropical:) The present world; (K, TA;) metonymically used in this sense. (TA.) حِبَابٌ: see حُبٌّ, in two places: A2: and حِبٌّ.

حَبِيبٌ A person loved, beloved, affected, liked, or approved; (S, * A, Msb, * K;) as also ↓ مَحْبُوبٌ and ↓ مُحَبٌّ, (S, Msb, K,) of which two the former is generally used for the latter, (S, K, TA,) in like manner as are used مَزْكُومٌ and مَحْزُونٌ and مَجْنُونٌ and مَكْزُوزٌ and مَقْرُورٌ, each of which has its proper verb of the measure فُعِلَ, (TA,) and ↓ حِبٌّ (S, K) and ↓ حُبَابٌ and ↓ حُبًّةٌ, which last is also applied to a female, and has for its pl. حُبَبٌ: (K:) the fem. of حَبِيبٌ is with ة; (Msb, K;) and so is that of ↓ مَحْبُوبٌ, (K, TA,) [and that of ↓ مُحَبٌّ,] and that of ↓ حِبٌّ: (TA:) the pl. of حَبِيبٌ is أَحِبَّآءُ, instead of حُبَبَآءُ, which would be the reg. pl. but for the repetition of the ب; and the pl. of حَبِيبَةٌ is حَبَائِبُ: (Msb:) the pl. of ↓ حِبٌّ is أَحْبَابٌ [a pl. of pauc.] and حِبَّانٌ (K) and حُبَّانٌ (MF) and حُبُوبٌ and حِبَبَةٌ and ↓ حُبٌّ, which last is rare (عَزِيزٌ) [as a pl.], or is a quasi-pl. n. (K.) Though ↓ مُحَبٌّ is uncommon it occurs in the following verse of 'Antarah: وَلَقَدْ نَزَلْت فَلَا تَظُنّى غَيْرَهُ مِنِّى بِمْنْزِلَةِ المُحَبِّ المُكْرَمِ [And thou hast taken (and imagine not otherwise), in respect of me, i. e. of my heart, the place of the beloved, the honoured; or become in the condition of the beloved, &c.]. (T, TA.) b2: Also, (IAar, KL, TA,) and ↓ حِبٌّ, (K, KL,) A person loving; a lover; a friend; (KL;) i. q. ↓ مُحِبٌّ: (IAar, K, TA:) [fem. of each with ة:] the pl. of the first (i. e. حبيب) is أَحْبَابٌ (TA) [and أَحِبَّآءُ and أَحِبَّةٌ, mentioned by Golius as from the S, but not in my copies of the S: both, however, are correct: the former, the more common: the latter, a pl. of pauc.]. You say اِمْرَأَةٌ لِزَوْجِهَا ↓ مُحِبَّةٌ and ↓ مُحِبٌّ [A woman loving to her husband]. (Fr, S, K. *) b3: أَبُو حَبِيبٍ The kid. (Har p. 227.) b4: الحَبِيبَةُ: see مُحَبٌّ.

حُبَاحِبٌ, (K,) or أَبُو حُبَاحِبٍ, (S,) [A kind of fire-fly;] a fly that flies in the night, (K,) resembling fire, (S,) emitting rays like a lamp: (K:) AHn says that حباحب and ابوحباحب were both unknown to him, and that nothing respecting them had been heard by him from the Arabs; but that some people asserted the insect thus called to be the يَرَاع, a moth that, when it flies by night, no person not knowing it would doubt to be a spark of fire: Aboo-Tálib says, as on the authority of Arabs of the desert, that حباحب is the name of a flying thing longer than the common fly, and slender, that flies between sunset and nightfall, resembling a spark of fire: (TA:) or, accord. to As, it is a flying thing, like the common fly, with a wing that becomes red; when it flies appearing at a distance like a lighted piece of fire-wood. (Har p. 500.) نَارُ الحُبَاحِبِ (S, K) and نَارُأَبِى حُبَاحِبٍ and simply الحُبَاحِبُ (S) mean The fire of the fly above mentioned: or of El-Hobáhib or Aboo-Hobáhib: (TA:) [for] El-Hobáhib, (S,) or Aboo-Hobáhib, (K,) is said to have been a niggardly man, who never lighted any but a faint fire, fearing to attract guests, so that his fire became proverbial. (S, K.) El-Kumeyt says, describing swords, يَرَى الرَّاؤُونَ بِالشَّفَرَاتِ مِنْهَا كَنَارِ أَبِى حُبَاحِبَ وَالظُّبِينَا [The beholders see, in the sides of the blades thereof, and the extremities, the semblance of the fire of the fire-fly]: (S:) here the poet has made حباحب imperfectly decl., regarding it as a fem. [proper] name [of the fly above mentioned]. (TA.) Or نارالحباحب (S, K) and simply الحباحب (S) signify The fire that is struck by a horse's hoofs: (Fr, S:) or the sparks of fire that are made to fly forth in the air by the collision of stones: or the sparks that fall from the pieces of wood that are used for producing fire [by means of friction]: (K:) or they are derived from حَبْحَبَةٌ, (IAar, K,) signifying “ weakness,” (IAar, TA,) [and their meaning is faint fire.] b2: أُمُّ حُبَاحِبٍ

A flying insect resembling the [species of locust called] جُنْدَب, (K, * TA,) spotted with yellow and green: when people see it, they say, بَرِّدِى

يَا حُبَاحِبُ [Spread forth thy wings (بُرْدَيْكِ), hobáhib]; whereupon it spreads its two wings, which are adorned with red and yellow. (TA.) حَبَّذَا, meaning حَبِيبٌ, as in the phrase حَبَّذَا الأَمْرُ [Loved, beloved, affected, loved, or approved, is the thing, or affair; or lovely, charming, or excellent, is it]; (K;) and in حَبَّذَا زَيْدٌ [Loved, beloved, &c., is Zeyd]; (S;) is composed of حَبَّ, (Sb, Fr, S, K,) a verb of praise, in the pret. form, invariable, originally حَبُبَ, (Fr, S,) and ذَا, (Sb, Fr, S, K,) its agent, (S,) which together constitute it a single word, (Sb, S, K,) a noun, (Sb, K,) or occupying the place of a noun, (S,) governing the noun [particularized by praise] that follows it in the nom. case; (Sb, S, K;) the place that it occupies in construction making it virtually in the nom. case as an inchoative, and the noun that follows it being its enunciative: (S:) [but see what follows.] It is used in the same manner as a prov.; (Sb, K;) [i. e., it is not altered to agree in number or gender with the noun particularized by praise, which follows it;] remaining the same when used in the dual and pl. and fem. sense; so that one says, حبّذا زَيْدٌ and الزَّيْدَانِ and الزَّيْدُونَ and هِنْدٌ and أَنْتَ and أَنْتُمَا and أَنْتُمْ [&c.]; (Ibn-Keysán, TA;) and حبّذا امْرَأَةٌ, not حَبَّذِهِ المَرْأَةُ; (Sb, S, K; *) which shows that the noun that follows it may not be regarded as a substitute for ذا: (S:) [but see what follows.] It is allowable, but bad, to say, زَيْدٌ حَبَّذَا. (TA.) [There are, however, various opinions respecting حبّذا and the noun that follows it.] Some hold that حبّذا is a noun, composed of حَبَّ and ذا, and is an inchoative, and that the noun particularized by praise is its enunciative; or that the former is an enunciative, and the latter an inchoative, reversing the usual order: others hold that حَبَّ is a verb in the pret. form; and ذا, its agent; and that the noun particularized by praise may be an inchoative, of which حبّذا is the enunciative; or it may be an enunciative of which the inchoative is suppressed, so that حبّذا زَيْدٌ is for حبّذا هُوَ زَيْدٌ [Loved, or beloved, &c., is this person: he is Zeyd], or حبّذا المَمْدُوحُ زَيْدٌ [loved, &c., is this person: the person praised is Zeyd]: others hold that حبّذا is a pret. verb, composed of حَبَّ and ذا, and that the noun following it is its agent; but this is the weakest of opinions: one also says, in dispraise, لَاحَبَّذَا زَيْدٌ. (I 'Ak p. 235.) حَابٌّ An arrow that falls [in the space] around the butt: pl. حَوَابُّ. (K.) أَحَبُّ [More, and most, loved, beloved, &c. You say, هٰذَا أَحَبُّ إِلَىَّ مِنْ ذَاكَ This is more an object of love, affection, liking, or approval, or is more lovely, charming, or pleasing, to me than that. And هُوَ أَحَبُّهُمْ إِلَىَّ He is the most beloved of them to me.]

مُحَبٌّ: see حَبِيبٌ, in three places. b2: المُحَبَّةُ and ↓ المَحْبُوبَةُ and ↓ المُحَبَّبَةُ and ↓ الحَبِيبَةُ are epithets of El-Medeeneh. (K.) مُحِبٌّ, and its fem.: see حَبِيبٌ, in three places.

مَحَبَّةٌ: see حُبٌّ. b2: Also A cause of love or affection: (Jel in xx. 39:) [pl. مَحَابُّ, like مَحَاشُّ pl. of مَحَشَّةٌ, &c.] You say, أُوتِىَ فُلَانٌ مَحَابَّ القُلُوبِ [Such a one was gifted with qualities that are the causes of the love of hearts]. (A, TA.) مُحَبَّةٌ: see حُبَّةٌ.

مُحَبَّبٌ إِلَى النَّاسِ i. q. مُتَحَبِّبٌ [see 5]. (A, TA.) b2: المُحَبَّبيَةُ: see مُحَبٌّ.

مَحْبُوبٌ: see حَبِيبٌ, in two places. b2: المَحْبُوبَةُ: see مُحَبٌّ. b3: أُمُّ مَحْبُوبٍ a surname of The serpent. (K.) [See also حُبَابٌ.]

عصو

1 عَصَاهُ, (K, TA,) aor. ـْ (TA,) inf. n. عَصْوٌ, (TK,) He struck him, or beat him, with the staff or stick or rod (بِالعَصَا): (K, TA:) or عَصَوْتُهُ بِالعَصَا I struck him, or beat him, with the staff &c. (S.) b2: And عَصِىَ بِهَا He took it, i. e. the staff &c.: and عَصِىَ بِسَيْفِهِ he took his sword as one takes the staff: or he struck, or beat, with it as one does with the staff; as also عَصَا, aor. ـُ inf. n. عَصًا: or you say عَصَوْتُ بِالسَّيْفِ and عَصِيتُ بِالعَصَا [in the CK عَصَيْتُ]: or the reverse of this: or each of these verbs followed by بالسيف and بالعصا: (K, TA:) all these phrases are mentioned by the leading lexicologists and by ISd in the M: (TA:) or you say عَصِىَ بِالسَّيْفِ, aor. ـَ inf. n. عَصًا, meaning he struck with the sword. (S.) [See also 5.] b3: عَاصَانِى فَعَصَوْتُهُ: see 3. b4: [See also 2.]

A2: عَصَوْتُ القَوْمَ, (K, TA,) aor. ـْ (TA,) I collected together the people, or party, for good or for evil. (K, TA.) [This seems to be regarded by some as the primary signification; (see عَصًا;) but, I think, without good reason.] b2: And عَصَوْتُ الجُرْحَ, (S, K,) inf. n. عَصْوٌ, I bound the wound. (S, K.) A3: عَصَا, inf. n. عَصْوٌ, also signifies It was, or became, hard: as though for عَسَا; the س being changed into ص. (TA.) A4: And عَصَا, aor. ـْ said of a bird, It flew. (TA.) 2 عصّاهُ العَصَا, inf. n. تَعْصِيَةٌ, He gave him the عصا [or staff, &c.]. (K. [Accord. to Golius, عَصَاهُ; evidently a mistake, for عصّاه is not mentioned by him.]) 3 عَاْصَوَ ↓ عَاصَانِى فَعَصَوْتُهُ He contended with me in striking, or beating, (K, TA,) or, as in the M, he acted roughly towards me, and opposed me, or contended with me, (TA,) with the عَصَا [or staff, &c.], and I overcame him [therein]. (K, TA.) 4 اعصى It (a grape-vine) put forth its عِيدَان (S, K, TA) or عُصِىّ CCC [i. e. rods]. (TA.) 5 تعصّى He struck, or beat, with the عَصَا [or staff, &c.]. (Mgh.) And تعصّى بِالعَصَا He made use of the عصا [or staff, &c.]: and he struck, or beat, with it. (Mgh.) 8 اعتصى عَلَى العَصَا He leaned, or he supported, or stayed, himself, upon the عَصَا [or staff, &c.]. (S, Mgh.) b2: And يَعْتَصِى بِالسَّيْفِ He makes use of the sword as a staff. (S, and TA in this art. and in art. عصى.) b3: And اعتصى الشَّجَرَةَ He cut a staff, or stick, or rod, (عَصًا,) from the tree. (K.) عَصًا i. q. عُودٌ [as meaning A staff, or stick, or rod]: (K:) originally عَصَوٌ, and accordingly its dual is as below: said to be thus called because the fingers and hand are put together upon it [to grasp it], from the saying عَصَوْتُ القَوْمَ “ I collected together the people, or party; ” as related by As from some one or more of the Basrees: (TA:) of the fem. gender: (S, Msb, K:) it is said in a prov., ↓ العَصَا مِنَ العُصَيَّةِ [lit. The staff is from the little staff; the dim. having the affix ة because it is the dim. of a fem. n.]; (S;) [or]

العَصَا in this prov. is the name of a mare of Jedheemeh [mentioned voce ضُلٌّ], and العُصَيَّة is that of her dam; meaning that part of the thing, or affair, is from part; (S, K, TA;) and said when one is likened to his father; or meaning that the big thing is in its commencement small: (TA: [see also Freytag's Arab. Prov. i. 17:]) it is not allowable to say عَصَآء; nor to affix ة: (As, TA:) one says, هٰذِهِ عَصَاىَ أَتَوَكَّأُ عَلَيْهَا [This is my staff; I support, or stay, myself upon it]: Fr says that the first incorrect speech heard in El-'Irák was the saying, هٰذِهِ عَصَاتِى: (S:) the dual is عَصَوَانِ: (S, Msb:) and the pl. [of mult.] is عُصِىٌّ, (S, Msb, K,) [originally عُصُووٌ,] of the measure فُعُولٌ, (S, Msb,) and عِصِىٌّ, (S, K,) in which the ع is with kesr because of the kesrah following it, and [of pauc.] أَعْصٍ (S, Msb, K) and أَعْصَآءٌ, (K,) or this last is agreeable with analogy, but has not been transmitted, (ISk, Msb,) and is disallowed by Sb, who says that عُصِىٌّ CCC was used in its stead. (TA.) b2: [Hence various sayings, here following. b3: ] أَلْقَى عَصَاهُ [lit. He threw down his staff;] meaning (tropical:) he stayed, (S, Msb, K, TA,) and rested, (Msb,) and ceased from journeys, (S,) having reached his place: (K, TA:) a prov.; (S, TA;) applied to him to whom an affair has become suitable and who has therefore kept to it: (TA:) or he made firm his tent-pegs, and pitched his tent, or stayed; (K, TA;) like him who has returned from his journey. (TA.) And رَفَعَ عَصَاهُ [He took up his staff] means (assumed tropical:) he ceased from staying [in a place at which he had alighted; he departed]. (Har p. 454.) b4: لَا تَرْفَعْ عَصَاكَ عَنْ أَهْلِكَ [Put not thou away thy staff, or stick, from thy family, or thy wife,] denotes [the practice of] discipline. (S. [See art. رفع, p. 1122, col. 3.]) b5: هُمْ عَبِيدُ العَصَا [They are the slaves of the staff] means (assumed tropical:) they are [persons] beaten with the staff. (K, TA.) It is said in the A, النَّاسُ عَبِيدُ العَصَا [Mankind are the slaves of the staff], meaning that they are dreaded by reason of their doing harm [and are therefore to be kept in awe]. (TA.) b6: And مَا هُمْ إِلَّا عَبِيدُ العَصَا [They are none other than the slaves of the staff] is said of persons regarded as low, base, or vile. (TA.) b7: إِنَّهُ لَيِّنُ العَصَا [Verily he is one whose staff is supple] means (tropical:) he is gentle, a good manager of that whereof he has the charge: (S, K: *) accord. to ISd, alluding to the beating little with the عصا. (TA.) And إِنَّهُ ضَعِيفُ العَصَا [Verily he is one whose staff is weak], meaning تِرْعِيَّةٌ [i. e., (assumed tropical:) one who performs well the act of keeping or tending, or of pasturing or feeding, camels]: (S:) or one who beats the camels little (K, TA) with the عَصا: and such is commended. (TA.) And صَلِيبُ العَصَا and صُلْبُهَا [One whose staff is hard], i. e. (assumed tropical:) one who is ungentle with the camels, beating them with the عصا: and such is discommended. (TA.) See an ex. in a verse of Er-Rá'ee cited voce صُلْبٌ. b8: قَرَعَهُ بِعَصَا المَلَامَةِ [He struck him with the staff of censure] means (assumed tropical:) he exceeded the usual bounds in censuring him. (TA.) b9: See also 1 in art. قرع. b10: فُلَانٌ يُصَلِّى عَصَا فُلَانٍ [Such a one straightens the staff of such a one by turning it round over the fire] means (assumed tropical:) such a one manages, orders, or regulates, the affairs of such a one. (TA.) b11: لَا تَدْخُلْ بَيْنَ العَصَا وَلِحَائِهَا [Enter not thou between the staff and its peel] means [(assumed tropical:) intermeddle not thou between two close friends; (see Freytag's Arab. Prov. i. 153;) or] enter not thou into that which does not concern thee. (TA.) and قَشَرْتُ لَهُ العَصَا [I peeled for him the staff] means (assumed tropical:) I discovered to him what was in my mind. (TA.) b12: شَقُّ العَصَا [lit. The splitting of the staff] means (assumed tropical:) the contravening of the collective body [or the community] of El-Islám [i. e. of the Muslims]: (K, TA:) and also (assumed tropical:) the disuniting of the collective body of the tribe: (TA:) or شَقَّ العَصَا means (tropical:) He separated himself from, and he contravened, the collective body [or the community]: (Msb:) and [it is said that] the primary signification of العَصَا is the state of combination and union: (TA:) this is the meaning in the saying, respecting the خَوَارِج [see خارِجِىٌّ], قَدْ شَقُّوا عَصَا المُسْلِمِينَ (assumed tropical:) [They have made a schism in the state of combination and union, or in the communion, of the Muslims]. (S, TA.) [Hence,] their saying إِيَّاكَ وَقَتْلَ العَصَا means (assumed tropical:) Beware thou of slaying or being slain in making a schism in the communion of the Muslims (فِى شَقِّ عَصَا المُسْلِمِينَ). (TA.) and one says, اِنْشَقَّتِ العَصَا (S, TA) [The staff became split], meaning, (assumed tropical:) disagreement, or discord, befell. (TA.) And طَارَتْ عَصَا بَنِى فُلَانٍ شِقَقًا [lit. The staff of the sons of such a one flew in splinters], a prov., meaning (assumed tropical:) the sons of such a one became scattered in various directions. (Meyd.) b13: عَصَا العَبْدِ [The stick of the slave] is the thing with which one stirs the مَلَّة [or hot ashes wherein bread is baked]. (TA.) b14: العَصَا signifies also (tropical:) The bone of the shank; (K, TA;) as being likened to the عصا [properly so called]. (TA.) And [the pl.] العِصِىُّ, (assumed tropical:) The bones that are in the wing. (S.) And [the same, or] العُصِىُّ, (assumed tropical:) Certain stars, having the form of the عَصَا [or rather of عصىّ]. (TA. [But what stars these are, I have not been able to determine.]) b15: Also, (i. e. العَصَا,) The tongue. (K.) [Perhaps as being likened to a staff because used in chiding.] b16: And The woman's [muffler, or headcovering, called] خِمَار. (K.) b17: عَصَا الرَّاعِى [The pastor's rod; and appellation of knot-grass; a species of polygonum, p. aviculare;] the بطباط [i. e. بَطْبَاط, but the former name is the better known]; male, and female, the former of which is the more potent: asserted by Dioscorides to be diuretic, and a remedy for him who suffers suppression of the urine. (Ibn-Seenà, whom we call Avicenna, book ii. p. 229.) عُصَيَّةٌ dim. of عَصًا, q. v.

العَاصِى: see عَاصٍ in art. عصى.

فعل: فعل الدواء: أثر تأثير حسنا. (معجم الإدريسي) فعل ذلك في نفسه: أثر تأثيرا سيئا.
(ابن بطوطة 1: 424).
فعب في. ما فعلت في الثياب؟: ما عملت في الثياب؟ (رياض النفوس ص62 ق).
ما فعل: أين هو؟ وكيف هو؟ (معجم البلاذري معجم الطرائف) وأنظر (طاشر في رياض النفوس). عبد الواحد ص15).
فعل وفعل أو فعل وصنع: عمل وعمل ويقال هذا حين تعرض مساوئه وتعدد جرائمه. ويقال: فعلت وفعلت أو فعلت وصنعت: يجيبه به من يراد توبيخه وتبكيته. (معجم البلاذري، معجم الطرائف، الثعالبي لطائف ص85، ابن خلكان: 1: 32، أخبار ص82، الفخري ص196، 828).
وفي النويري (إفريقية (ص32 و): وقال أبو الفهم وكتامة فعلوا وفعلوا وأغلظ لهما في القول. ومن هذا قيل هذا الفاعل الصانع. أي هو النذل اللئيم الخبيث الخسيس الدنيء (عباد 2: 224) وفي رياض النفوس.
تقول امرأة عن رجل اتهم باللواطة: هذا الفاعل الصانع علي به. أي هذا النذل الدنيء الخسيس علي به. وفي الفخري (ص495): يا فاعل يا صانع. ويقال للمرأة: يا فاعلة يا صانعة، أي يا خبيثة، يا فاجرة. (المقري 2: 636). والفاعل الصانعة: الخبيثة الفاجرة (المقري 1: 108).
فعل به وفعل: أهانه وأذاه ونال منه.
ففي كتاب محمد بن الحارث (ص206): لن أتولى القضاء ولو فعل بي وفعل أي مهما فعلوا بي: مثل فعل الله به: بمعنى لعنه الله. ففي كتاب محمد بن الحارث (ص269): أما والله لولا حفظ هذا الميت لفعلت بك وفعلت.
وفي تاريخ تونس (ص126): وعلم أنها خديعة من أخيه وأسرها لبعض ثقاته وقال أعدمني ابني الأول والثاني فعل الله به وفعل.
ويقال أيضا: فعل به وصنع. (الحماسة ص15، بدرون ص252، الفخري ص362) ويقال: فعل به فقط بهذا المعنى، ففي الفخري (ص137): فقال له مروان لأفعلن بك وتهدده.
فعل به وفعل: يستعل بمعنى ضد المعنى السابق أي أحسن إليه ثم أحسن إليه (أخبار ص121) وكذلك فعل معه وصنع (الفخري ص84، 197).
فعل بامرأة: لامسها، نكحها. جامعها (معجم البيان، معجم الطرائف) وفي كتاب الخطيب (ص22 ق): جاءت امرأة تخاصم ميارا أوصلها من بعض المدن في أمر نشأ بينهما وبيده عقد مقال بعض جيرانه من نصه حاكيا إنه جامعها من موضع كذا إلى كذا ولم يرسم المدَّ على ألف جاء فقال الشيخ للمرأة تعرف إن هذا الميار جامعك في الطريق أي فعل بك فقالت معاذ الله ونفرت من ذلك فقال كذا شهد عليك الفقيه وأشار إلى جاره (ألف ليلة 1: 281، برسل 3: 253، 11: 111). ويقال أيضا فعل مع بهذا المعنى (برسل 3: 272).
والفعل فعل وحده يستعمل بهذا المعنى. ففي ألف ليلة (3: 239): وصار كل واحد منهما يقول أنا أفعل قبلك. برسل 3، 81، 11، 111).
انفعل: تأثر. المقدمة 3: 199 ملر نصوص من ابن الخطيب 1863 2: 4).
انفعل: قارب الموت: (المقدمة 3: 196) مع تعليقة السيد دي سلان.
انفعل له: تأثر به. ففي البكري (ص153): لا ينفعل للسنبادج، أي لا يتأثر به بمعنى أن السنبادج نفسه لا يؤثر فيه. وفي الفخري (ص49): لو لم يحس من نفسه بالانفعال العظيم لحبها. وفي ملر (نصوص من ابن الخطيب 1863، 2: 3) إذا ظهر الطاعون في الجسم انفعل له الروح.
انفعالات الكواكب بعضها ببعض: تأثيرات بعض الكواكب على الكواكب الأخرى (معجم بدرون).
انفعل: تأثر. (فوك) وفيه انفعل مرادف تأثير. وفي رحلة ابن جبير (ص143): ومقامات هؤلاء الأعاجم في رقة الأنفس وتأثيرها وسرعة انفعالها. وفي المقري (1: 378): انفعل لقوله: تأثر بأقواله. وأنظر البيضاوي 2: 48).
المنفعل. صوفي منفعل: صوفي في حالة ذهول ووجد، وشطح (ابن جبير ص286).
غير منفعل: غير متأثر. (فوك).
انفعل: خار، كان له خوار (الكالا).
انفعل: صاحن صوت. (الكالا).
افتعل: زور الكتابة: (محيط المحيط، أخبار ص146، البيروني ص23).
افتعال الفضائل: ممارسة الفضائل (بوشر).
افتعل فيها غصبا: اغتصب امرأة (بوشر).
استفعل: زور الكتابة (المقدمة 2: 293).
استفعل علي: افترى عليه، نم عليه، اغتابه. (فوك).
فعل: تأثير، عمل (بوشر).
فعول: جمعه فعل. (البيان 1: 37) وهو تصحيف فعل.
فعالة، والجمع أفعال: متأثرة، مفخرة، عمل باهر، عمل بطولي. (الكالا) فيه: فعالة جيدة، فعالة مقاربة: عمل شائن (الكالا).
فعال: مبالغة اسم الفاعل، وهو الذي يحسن فعل الشيء، ويفعله بعزم ومضاء. (القرآن الكريم سورة 11، الآية 109، ديوان امرئ القيس ص21 البيت 17) وقد نقل ابن عبدون هذا الشطر من بيت امرئ القيس (هو جفلايت ص104) ولم يشر إليه الناشر. (رايت ص116).
فعال: عامل منشط. (بوشر).
فعال: مؤثر، ناجح، ويقال: دواء فعال، أي دواء ناجع شاف. (بوشر).
العقل الفعال (الجريدة الآسيوية 1853، 1: 272): هو الذي يؤثر في النفس ويعدها للإدراك. (زيشر 10: 536).
فاعل: عند العامة من يستأجر يوميا للعمل في الأرض ونحو ذلك، ومن يعمل في البناء. (بوشر، محيط المحيط، ألف ليلة برسل 6: 232). والجمع فعلة (بوشر، بدرون ص61، الإدريسي. ص162، 165، ماكن 3: 147) وفعلاء. (ماكن 2: 144) وفعول (بوشر، برسل 6: 232).
الفاعل: المذنب، الجاني. (معجم الإدريسي).
الفاعلة: فاجرة، عاهرة. (المقري 1: 118).
ويقال يا ابن الفاعلة أي يا ابن العاهرة (بدرون ص219، عبد الواحد ص13، ألف ليلة برسل 8: 226).
فاعل تاركك: جريء مستهتر (بوسييه).
فاعلة تاركة: امرأة مستهترة (ماكن 2: 541). فيعل، والجمع فياعل: رجل وعمل، رجل نشيط. (المقدمة 3: 382) مع تعليقة السيد دي سلان.
فاعلي. قوة فاعلية: قوة مؤثرة. (بوشر).
علة فاعلية: علة فعالة، علة فاعل، سبب فعال. (بوشر).
فاعلية: قوة فاعلة، تأثير (بوشر).
فاعلية في السابق: مفعول رجعي. (بوشر).
تفعيل: تفعيلة، وهي كلمات وضعت ليوزن عليها الشعر. ففي كتاب ابن عبد الملك (85 ق): فكان تفعيله: مستفعلن فاعل مستفعل مفتعل. صناعة مفتعلة: كثيرة النتاج.
ففي الإدريسي (الباب السادس، الفصل الثاني): مدينة متحضرة بتجارات متحركة وصناعات مفتعلة.

فعل

1 فَعَلَهُ, (S, O, Msb, K, *) aor. ـَ (S, O, K,) inf. n. فَعْلٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and فَعَالٌ, (S, O, Msb,) and ↓ فِعْلٌ is the subst. therefrom, (S, O, Msb, K, *) but, accord. to Ibn-Kemál, it has become commonly used as the inf. n.; MF, however, says that its being thus used requires consideration; and it is said that there is no instance like فَعَلَهُ, aor. ـْ inf. n. فِعْلٌ, except سَحَرَهُ, aor. ـْ inf. n. سِحْرٌ; or, to these may be added as sometimes occurring, خَدَعَ, aor. ـْ inf. n. خَدْعٌ and خِدْعٌ, and صَرَعَ, aor. ـْ inf. n. صَرْعٌ and صِرْعٌ; (TA;) [He did it]; namely, a thing (S, O. [For further explanation see فِعْلٌ below.]) [In the Kur. xxi. 73,] some read وَأَوْحَيْنَا إِلَيْهِمْ فَعْلَ الْخَيْرَاتِ [And we suggested to them the doing of good works]; (Lth, S, O;) others reading ↓ فِعْلَ الخيرات. (Lth, O.) b2: And one says also فَعَلَ بِهِ [He did to him something]. (TA.) [فَعَلَ اللّٰهُ بِهِ is a form of imprecation, meaning May God do to him what He will do; i. e. may God punish him: see an ex. voce أَظْلَمُ. b3: And فَعَلَ بِالمَرْأَةِ often occurs in trads. &c. as meaning He compressed the woman.]2 تَفْعِيلٌ [inf. n. of فعّل] is used by IJ as metonymically signifying The scanning of a verse; because the names of the measures of its feet, all of them, have the letters ف and ع and ل for constituents, as when you say فَعُولُنْ and مَفَاعِيلنْ and فَاعِلَاتُنْ and فَاعِلُنْ &c. (TA.) 3 فَاْعَلَ [فَاعَلَا, inf. n. فِعَالٌ, if used, app. signifies They two did a thing together.] See فِعَالٌ below.7 انفعل quasi-pass. of 1: you say, فَعَلْتُهُ فَانْفَعَلَ [I did it, and it was done]; (S, Msb;) like your saying كَسَرْتُهُ فَانْكَسَرَ. (S.) [الاِنْفِعَالُ signifies The suffering, or receiving, the effect of an act, whether the effect is intended by the agent or not: or, accord. to some, particularly when the effect is not intended: for it is implied in a passage in the TA, that it is held by some to be used particularly in cases in which the effects are such as the blushing in consequence of confusion, or shame, affecting one from the seeing a person, and the emotion, or excitement, ensuing from the hearing of singing, and the agitation of the passionate lover at his seeing the object of his love : as a term of logic, it is one of the ten predicaments, i. e. passion, or suffering.] It is said that to every فِعْل there is an اِنْفِعَال, except to the act of creation, which proceeds from God; for this is the bringing into existence from a state of nonexistence, not from matter [already existing to receive the effect of the act]. (TA.) 8 افتعل عَلَيْهِ كَذِبًا (Mgh, * O, Msb, * K) and زُورًا (O) He forged against him a lie. (Mgh, * O, Msb, * K.) b2: Hence the phrase الخُطُوطُ تُفْتَعَلُ i. e. [Handwritings] are forged, or falsified. (Mgh.) b3: And [hence] it used to be said, أَعْذَبُ الأَغَانِى مَا افْتُعِلَ i. e. [The sweetest of songs is] such as has been composed with originality, not in imitation of any model: and أَظْرَفُ الشِّعْرِ مَاافْتُعِلَ [The most eloquent of poetry is such as has been so composed]. (TA.) فَعْلٌ an inf. n. of 1. (S, O, Msb, K.) A2: and The vulva of the she-camel, and of any female. (K.) فِعْلٌ: see 1, in two places: [as a subst. from فَعَلَهُ] it signifies [A deed, or an action: or] a motion (حَرَكَةٌ) of a human being: (K:) or, as Sgh says, the origination of anything, whether it be what is termed عَمَلٌ [which means work or labour or service as well as a deed or an action] or other than it; so that it is more general in application than عَمَِلٌ: (TA:) or it is a metonymical term for any عَمَل [meaning deed or action] that is transitive (M, K, TA) or intransitive (M, TA:) or a mode that is accidental to the producer of an effect upon another [person or thing] by reason of the producing of the effect at the first; as the mode that ensues to the cutter by reason of his being cutting: or, as Er-Rághib says, the production of an effect considered with reference to an agent thereof; and it is common to that which is by his, or its, origination or otherwise, and to that which is with knowledge or otherwise, and to that which is by intention or otherwise, and to what proceeds from the human being or the animal [of any kind] or the inanimate thing; and عَمَلٌ and صُنْعٌ are more particular in application: El-Harállee says that the فِعْل is what has become apparent in consequence of a motive of the efficient, whether from knowledge or otherwise, by reason of premeditation [for لِتَدَيُّن (an obvious mistranscription in my original) I read لِتَدَبُّرٍ] or otherwise: and El-Juweynee says that it is what is within the limits of a small space of time, without repetition, or reiteration, whereas the عَمَل is what has been repeated, or reiterated, and whereof the time has been long; but this is repugned by the trad. [in which occurs the saying], مَا فَعَلَ النُِّغَيْر [expl. in art. نغر]; (TA:) the pl. is فِعَالٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and أَفْعَالٌ [a pl. of pauc.], (O, TA,) [and أَفَاعِيلُ is app. a pl. pl., i. e. pl. of أَفْعَالٌ, like أقَاوِيلُ pl. of أَقْوَالٌ which is pl. of قَوْلٌ, and many other instances]: you say, إِنَّ الرِّشَا تَفْتَلُ الأَفَاعِيلَ وَتُنْسِى إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَإِسْمَاعِيلَ [Verily bribes do great deeds, and cause the receivers to forget the principles of Ibráheem and Ismá'eel, who are esteemed models of true religion]. (TA. [This saying is written in my original without any vowel-signs, perhaps because well known: and it is there added that الافاعيل may be pl. of افعول (which has been altered by the copyist and is probably a mistranscription for أَفْعُولَةٌ) or of افعال; with other remarks equally doubtful and unimportant.]) [Hence, بِالفِعْلِ meaning Actually; as opposed to بِالقُوَّةِ i. e. potentially, or virtually.] b2: As used by the grammarians, it means [A verb; i. e.] what denotes a meaning in itself together with any one of the three times [past and present and future: but it should be observed that it includes the مَصْدَر, or infinitive noun; and also that there is what is termed فِعْلٌ ناقِصٌ an incomplete, i. e. non-attributive, verb (as كَانَ coordinate to صَارَ, &c.); as well as what is termed فِعْلٌ تَامٌّ a complete, i. e. attributive, verb]. (TA.) فَعْلَةٌ A single فِعْل [i. e. deed or action], (Msb, TA,) with fet-h. (Msb.) Thus in the saying in the Kur [xxvi. 18], وَفَعَلْتَ فَعْلَتَكَ ااَّتِى فَعَلْتَ [lit. And thou hast done thy one deed that thou hast done]; as though the speaker said, فَتَلْتَ النَّفْسَ قَتْللَتَكَ: in which Esh-Shaabee read ↓ فِعْلَتَكَ [thy kind of deed], with kesr, as meaning فَتَلْتَ القِتْلَةَ الَّتِى قَدْ عَرَفْتَهَا: so says Zj; but he adds that the former reading is better. (TA.) And [hence also] one says, كَانَتْ مِنْهُ فَعْلَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ or قَبِيحَةٌ [A good single deed proceeded from him or a bad one]. (S, O, TA.) فِعْلَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

فَعِلَةٌ A custom, manner, habit, or wont. (K.) فِعْلِىٌّ Of, or relating to, a verb.]

فِعْلِيَّةٌ The quality of a verb.]

فَعَالٌ, like نَزَالِ, has sometimes occurred as meaning اِفْعَلْ [Do thou]. (O, K. *) فَعَالٌ, (O, K,) accord. to Lth, (O,) is a name for A good doing, such as liberality, or bounty, (O,) and generosity, (O, K, [the only meaning assigned to it in the S,]) and the like of these: (O:) or, (O, K,) accord. to IAar, (O,) the doing of a single person, peculiarly, [as distinguished from فِعَالٌ, q. v.,] (O,) relating to good and to evil; (O, K;) one says, فُلَانٌ كَرِيمُ الفَعَالِ [Such a one is generous in respect of doing or doings], and فُلَانٌ لَئِيمُ الفَعَالِ [Such a one is mean in respect of doing or doings]; (O: [and the like is said in the T and in the Msb;]) and Az says that this is the correct explanation: not that of Lth; and Mbr [likewise] says, it is used in commendation and in discommendation: (O:) and it is used only of a single agent. (O, K.) b2: It is also an inf. n. (S, O, Msb. [See 1, first sentence.]) فِعَالٌ, as distinguished from فَعَالٌ, signifies A doing that is between two [agents]; (IAar, O, K, TA;) and therefore it is an inf. n. of ↓ فَاعَلَ [a verb of which I have not found any ex.]. (TA.) b2: It is also a pl. of فِعْلٌ. (S, O, Msb, K.

A2: Also The handle, (K,) or piece of wood that is inserted into the hole, (IAar, IB, O,) of the axe, or adz, or hoe: (IAar, IB, O, K:) pl. فُعُلٌ. (K.) فُعَالَةُ (with damm, O, TA, [in the CK, erroneously, فَعالَةُ,]) A metonymical appellation substituted for خُزَاعَةُ, (O, K, TA,) the well-known tribe [thus named]. (TA.) فَعَّالٌ [Wont to do]. (Kur xi. 109 and lxxxv.

16. [Thus in the phrase فَعَّالٌ لِمَا يُرِيدُ Wont to do what He willeth: relating to God.]) فَاعِلٌ [act. part. n. of 1, Doing: and, used as a subst., a doer: and hence] a carpenter is thus called; accord. to IAar: but it is now peculiarly applied to such as works with clay, [and builds, and plasters,] and digs foundations: (TA:) and [the pl.] فَعَلَةٌ, (Mgh, K, TA,) as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates, is applied to workers in clay and digging and the like; (K, TA;) or such as work with their hands in clay or building or digging; like عَمَلَةٌ [pl. of عَامِلٌ]. (Mgh.) b2: وَكُنَّا فَاعِلِينَ, in the Kur [xxi. 79], means And we were able to do what we willed. (O, TA.) And وَالَّذِينَ هُمْ لِلزَّكٰوةِ فَاعِلُونَ, in the same [xxiii. 4], means And who give the ذكوة [or poor-rate]: (Zj, O, TA:) or, as some say, who do that which is good, or righteous. (O, TA.) مُفْتَعَلٌ A writing forged, or falsified. (Mgh.) b2: And Poetry composed with originality, not in imitation of any model. (TA.) b3: جَآءَ بِالْمُفْتَعَلِ, meaning It produced a grievous, or distressing, effect, (K, TA,) is a phrase mentioned by IAar, as used by Ed-Dubeyree when asked respecting a wound that he had received and that rendered him sleepless, and as used by him in respect of anything [unprecedented]: thus one says, عَذَّبَنِى

وَجَعٌ أَسْهَرَنِى فَجَآءَ بِالْمُفْتَعَلِ i. e. [A malady that rendered me sleepless, tormented me,] and produced pain that had not been known before. (TA.)