اصل

1 أَصُلَ, (K,) inf. n. أَصَالَةٌ; (TA;) or أَصِلَ; (M;) It (a thing, M) had, or came to have, root, or a foundation; (M, K;) as also ↓ تأصّل: (M:) or it was, or became, firm, or established, and firmly rooted or founded; as also ↓ تأصّل: (K:) and [in like manner] ↓ استأصل it (a thing) was, or became, firm in its root or foundation, and strong. (Msb.) You say, الشَجَرَةُ ↓ اِسْتَأْصَلَتِ The tree [took root; or] grew, and became firm in its root. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] أَصُلَ, (S, M, K,) inf. n. as above, (S, M,) He (a man, S, * M) was, or became, firm, (S, M, K;) or sound, (S,) of judgment; (S, M, K;) intelligent. (M: [and so, probably, in correct copies of the K; but in a MS. copy of the K and in the CK; and TA, instead of عَاقِل, the reading in the M, I find عَاقِب.]) b3: Also, (S, * K,) inf. n. as above, (S, TA,) It (judgment, or opinion,) was, or became, firm, or sound, (S, * TA,) or good. (K.) b4: And, inf. n. as above, It (a thing) was, or became, eminent, noble, or honourable. (Msb.) A2: أَصَلَهُ, [aor. and inf. n. as in what follows next after this sentence,] He hit, or struck, its root, or foundation; that by being which it was what it was, or in being which it consisted; or its ultimate constituent. (A, TA.) b2: And hence, (A, TA,) أَصَلَهُ عِلْمًا, (A, K, TA,) aor. ـُ inf. n. أَصْلٌ: (TA;) or ↓ آصَلَهُ [with medd, (which I think to be a mistake, unless this be a dial. var.,) and without علما]; (so in a copy of the M;) (assumed tropical:) He knew it completely, or thoroughly, or superlatively well, syn. قَتَلَهُ, (K,) [i. e.] قَتَلَهُ عِلْمًا, so that he was acquainted with its أَصْل [or root, or foundation, or its ultimate constituent, as is indicated in the A and TA]: (M:) or this is from أَصَلَةٌ, as meaning “a certain very deadly serpent;” (A, TA;) [whence the phrase,] b3: أَصَلَتْهُ الأَصَلَةُ, (K,) inf. n. أَصْلٌ, (TA,) The [serpent called] اصلة sprang upon him (K, TA) and slew him. (TA.) A3: أَصِلَ, aor. ـَ (M, K,) inf. n. أَصَلٌ, (M,) said of water, i. q. أَسِنَ; (M, K;) i. e. It became altered for the worse (M, TA) in its taste and odour, (TA,) from fetid black mud (K, TA) therein: so says Ibn-'Abbád: (TA:) and said of flesh-meat, it became altered (K, TA) in like manner. (TA.) A4: أَصِلَ فُلَانٌ يَفْعَلُ كَذَا وَ كَذَا Such a one set about, or commenced, doing thus and thus, or such and such things. (TA.) 2 أصلّهُ, inf. n. تَأْصِيلٌ, He made it to have a firm, or fixed, root, or foundation, whereon to build, (Msb, TA,) i. e., whereon another thing might be built. (El-Munáwee, TA.) [Hence,] أصّل مَالَهُ i. q. أَثَّلَهُ [He made his wealth, or property, to have root, or a foundation; or to become firm, or established, and firmly rooted or founded: see, below, أَصْلُ مَالٍ, and مَالٌ لَهُ أَصْلٌ]. (M and K in art. اثل.) b2: أصّل الأُصُولَ [He disposed, arranged, distributed, classified, or set in order, the fundamentals, fundamental articles, principles, elements, or rudiments, of a science, &c.,] is a phrase similar to بَوَّبَ الأَبْوَابَ and رَتَّبَ الرُّتَبَ. (TA.) 4 آصل, (inf. n. إِيصَالٌ, TA,) He entered upon the time called أَصِيل, q. v. (S, M, K.) A2: See also أَصَلَهُ عِلْمًا.5 تأصّل: see 1, first sentence, in two places.10 استأصل: see 1, in two places, first and second sentences.

A2: استأصلهُ He uprooted it; unrooted it; eradicated it; extirpated it; pulled it up, or out, or off, from its root, or foundation, or lowest part, (S, TA,) or with its roots, or foundations, or lowest parts;; (TA;) he cut it off (M, Msb) from its root, or lowest part, (M,) or with its roots, or lowest parts. (Msb.) Yousay, اِسْتَأْصَلَ اللّٰهُ شَأْفَتَهُمْ, a precative phrase, meaning May God [extirpate or] remove (from them) their شأفة; which is an ulcer, or a purulent pustule, that comes forth in the foot, and is cauterized, and in consequence goes away: (M:) or استأصل شأفتهم [in general usage] means he extirpated them, or may he extirpate them; or he cut off, or may he cut off, the last remaining of them. (TA. [See also art. شأف.]) and استأصل القَوْمَ, i. e. قَطَعَ أَصْلَهُمْ [He cut off the root, race, or stock, of the people; i. e. he extirpated them]. (M.) And استأصل اللّٰهُ الكُفَّارَ God destroyed altogether or entirely, or may God destroy altogether or entirely, the unbelievers. (Msb.) And استأصل الخِتَانَ He performed the circumcision so as to remove the prepuce utterly. (TA in art. سحت.) أَصْلٌ The lower, or lowest, part of a thing; [i. e. its root, bottom, or foot;] (M, Msb, K;) as also ↓ يَأْصُولٌ: (M, K:) so of a mountain: and of a wall; (TA;) i. e. its foundation, or base: (Msb:) and of a tree [or plant]; (TA;) i. e. [its stem, or trunk, or stock, or] the part from which the branches are broken off: (TA in art. كسر:) [and also its root, or foot; for] the سَاق of a tree is said to be the part between its أَصْل and the place where its branches shoot out: (TA in art. سوق:) [and a stump of a tree: and hence, a block of wood: (see exs. voce نَقِيرٌ:)] pl. أُصُولٌ (S, M, Msb, K) and [pl. of pauc.] آصُلٌ: (AHn, K:) [ISd says that] the former is its only pl.: (M:) [but] the latter pl. occurs in a verse of Lebeed, (which see below,) as cited by AHn. (TA.) You say, قَعَدَ فِى أَصْلِ جَبَلِ He sat upon, or at, the lowest part [&c.] of the mountain; and فِى أَصْلِ الحَائِطِ at the lowest part [&c.] of the wall. (TA.) And قَلَعَهُ مِنْ أَصْلِهِ [He pulled it up, or out, or off, from its root, or foundation, or lowest part]; and بأُصُولِهِ [with its roots, or foundations, or lowest parts; both meaning, utterly, entirely, or altogether]. (TA in explanation of استأصلهُ, q. v.) And قَلَعَ أَصْلَ الشَّجَرَةِ He pulled up, or out, the lowest part, [or stem or stock or root or foot or stump,] of the tree. (TA.) Lebeed says, [of a wild cow,] تَجْتَافُ آصُلَ قَالِصٍ مُتَنَبِّذٍ
بِعُجُوبِ أَنْقَآءٍ يَمِيلُ هَيَامُهَا [She enters into the midst of the stems of trees with high branches, apart from others, i. e. from other trees, in the hinder parts of sand-hills, the fine loose sand thereof inclining upon her]: (AHn, TA:) but as some relate it, أَصْلًا قَالِصًا. (TA. [See EM, p. 161.]) b2: A thing upon which another thing is built or founded [either properly or tropically]: (KT, Kull p. 50, TA:) the foundation, or basis, of a thing, [either properly or tropically,] which being imagined to be taken away, or abstracted, by its being taken away, or abstracted, the rest thereof becomes also taken away, or abstracted: (Er-Rághib, TA:) that upon which the existence of anything rests [or depends]; so the father is اصل to the offspring, and the river is اصل to the streamlet that branches off from it: (Msb:) or a thing upon which another thing depends as a branch; as the father in relation to the son: (Kull:) [i. e. the origin, source, beginning, or commencement, of a thing: the origin, original, root, race, or stock, from which a man springs. Hence شَىْءٌ لَهُ أَصْلٌ A thing having root, or a foundation; and consequently, having rootedness, fixedness, im-mobility, stability, or permanence; rooted, fixed, immoveable, stable, or permanent. Whence,] مَالٌ لَهُ أَصْلٌ, (Mgh voce عَقَارٌ,) and مِلْكٌ ثَابِتٌ لَهُ أَصْلٌ, (Msb in explanation of that word,) and مَا لَهُ أَصْلٌ, (KT in explanation of the same,) [Real, or immoveable, property;] property such as consists in a house or land yielding a revenue; (Mgh;) or such as a house and palm-trees; (Msb;) or such as land and a house. (KT.) [Hence, also, أَصْلٌ مَالٍ signifying A source of wealth or profit; a stock, fund, capital, or principal. You say,] اِتَّخَذْتُهُ لِنَفْسِى أَصْلَ مَالٍلِلنَّسْلِ لَا لِلِتِّجَارَةِ [I took it for myself as a source of wealth or profit, for breeding, not for traffic]. (Mgh in art. قنو.) You say also, بَاعَ أَصْلَ أَرْضِهِ [meaning He sold the fundamental property, i. e. the property itself, of his land]. (S voce عِكْرٌ.) [See also an ex. in conjugation 4 in art. بقَى: and another in the first paragraph of art. حبس.] And أَخَذَهُ بِأَصْلِهِ [He took it as it were with its root, or the like; meaning, entirely]. (K. [See أَصِيلَةٌ.]) and قَطَعَ أَصْلَهُمْ [He cut off their root, race, or stock; i. e. he extirpated them]. (M.) and فُلَانٌ فِى أَصْلِ صِدْقِ, (S and L in art. ضنأ,) and فِى أَصْلِ سُوْءٍ, (L ibid.,) Such a one is of an excel-lent origin, or race, or stock, (S, L,) and of a bad origin, or race, or stock; (L;) اصل being here syn. with ضِنْء (S, L) and مَعْدِن. (S.) and فُلَانٌ فِى أَصْلِ الكَرَمِ Such a one is of [a race] the source of generosity, or nobleness; اصل being here syn. with بُؤْبُؤ. (S in art. بأ.) And لَا أَصْلَ لَهُ وَ لَا فَصْلَ He has no حَسَب [i. e. grounds of pretension to respect or honour; or rank, or nobility, or the like]; nor tongue [i. e. eloquence]: (Ks, S, O, Msb:) or he has no intellect, (IAar, Msb, El-Munáwee,) nor eloquence: (El-Munáwee, TA:) or he has no lineage, nor tongue: (L:) or he has no father, nor child: (Kull p. 53:) [or he has no known stock nor branch; for] فَصْلٌ is the contr. of أَصْلٌ, and in relationship signifies a branch. (Msb in art. فصل.) You say also, مَا فَعَلْتُهُ أَصْلًا, meaning I have not done it ever; and I will not do it ever; the last word being in the accus. case as an adverbial noun; i. e. I have not done it at any time; and I will not do it at any time. (Msb, El-Munáwee, TA.) b3: [It also signifies The original, or elemental, matter, material, substance, or part, of a thing; syn. with عُنْصُرٌ;] that from which a thing is taken [or made]. (KT voce دَــاخِلٌ.) b4: [The fundamental, or essential, part of a thing. Hence, sing. of أُصُولٌ as signifying The fundamentals, fundamental articles or dogmas, principles, elements, or rudiments, of a science &c. Whence,] عِلْمُ الأُصُولِ, (TA,) [meaning] عِلْمُ

أُصُولِ الدِّينِ [The science of the fundamentals, fundamental articles or dogmas, or principles, of religion; the science of theology, or divinity; according to the system of the Muslims, as distinguished from that of the philosophers;] the science of the articles, or tenets, of belief; also called الفِقْهُ الأَكْبَرُ; (Kull. voce فِقْه;) and [more commonly] عِلْمُ الكَلَامِ. (Hájjee Khaleefeh.) [See also 2.] b5: A radical (as opposed to an augmentative) letter; as being an essential element of a word. (The Lexicons passim.) b6: The original form of a word. (The same passim.) b7: The original, or primary, signification of a word. (The same passim.) b8: An original copy of a book: and a copy of a book from which one quotes, or transcribes, any portion. (TA, &c., passim.) b9: [The original, or primary, state, or condition: or] the old state, or condition. (Kull p. 50.) You say, الأَصْلُ فِى الأَشْيَآءِ الإِبَاحَةُ وَ الطَّهَارَةُ The old state, or condition, of things is that of being allowable, or lawful, and that of being pure, or clean. (Kull ubi suprà.) And رَجَعَتْ إِلَى أَصْلِهَا She returned, or reverted, [to her original, or old, state, or condition; or to her natural disposition;] to a natural disposition which she had relinquished. (S voce عِتْرٌ.) b10: [The utmost point, or degree, to which a person, or thing, can go, or be brought or reduced: and, app., the utmost that one can do. Hence the saying,] لَأَضْطَرَّنَّكَ إِلَى أَصْلِكَ [I will assuredly impel thee, or drive thee, against thy will, to the utmost point to which thou canst go, or be brought or reduced: or, constrain thee to do thine utmost]. (IAar in L, art. قح [where it is given in explanation of the phrases لَأَضْطَرَّنَّكَ and قُحَاحِكَ; and so in the T in art. تر in explanation of the former of these two phrases; which is said in the M, in art. تر, to mean I will assuredly make thee to have recourse to thine utmost effort, or endeavour; and in the L in art. قح this is given as another explanation of the latter of the same two phrases. See also the saying, لَأُلْجِئَنَّكَ إِلَى قُرِّ قَرَارِكَ, explained voce قَرَارٌ.]) b11: [That by being which a thing is what it is, or in being which it consists; or its ultimate constituent; syn. حَقِيقَةٌ; a meaning well known; and indicated, in the A and TA, by the coupling of حَقِيقَة with أَصْل, evidently as an explicative adjunct.] b12: [The prime of a thing; the principal, purest, best, or choicest, part thereof; what is, or constitutes, the most essential part thereof; its very essence. Hence,] أَصْلُ دَارٍ [The principal part of a country]; (As, S, Msb, K, voce عَقْرٌ;) [which is] the place where the people dwell, or abide. (As and S ibid. [See عَقْرٌ.]) And أَصْلٌ قَوْمٍ [The principal place of abode of a people]. (S and K voce بَيْضَةٌ. [See this word.]) and هُوَ فِى أَصْلِ قَوْمِهِ He is of the prime, or of the purest in race, the best, or the choicest, of his people; i. q. صُيَّابَتِهِمْ, and صُيَّابِهِمْ. (TA in art. صيب.) b13: What is most fit, or proper: as when one says, الأَصْلُ فِى الإِنْسَانِ العِلْمُ [What is most fit, or proper, in man, is knowledge]; i. e., knowledge is more fit, or proper, than ignorance: and الأَصْلُ فِى المُبْتَدَإِ التَّقْدِيمُ What is [most] fit, or proper, in the case of the inchoative, is the putting [it] before [the enunciative], whenever there is no obstacle. (Kull p.50.) b14: What is preponderant in relation to what is preponderated: as, in language, the word used in its proper sense [in relation to that used in a tropical sense]. (Kull ibid.) b15: What is [essential, or] requisite, or needful: as when one says الأَصْلُ فِى الحَيَوَانِ الغِذَآءُ [What is essential, or requisite, or needful, in the case of the animal, is food]. (Kull ibid.) b16: A [primary, or] universal, or general, rule, or canon. (Kull ibid.) b17: An indication, an evidence, or a proof, in relation to that which is indicated, or evidenced, or proved. (Kull ibid.) أَصَلٌ: see its n. un., أَصَلَةٌ

أَصِلٌ, (K,) or ↓ أَصِيلٌ, (M,) i. q. ↓ مُسْتَأْصِلٌ. (M, K.) You say قَلْعٌ أَصِلٌ Eradicating, or extirpating, evulsion: (TA:) or ↓ قَطْعٌ أَصِيلٌ extirpating excision. (M.) أُصُلٌ, said by some to be a pl., and by others to be a dial. var., of أَصِيلٌ: see the latter word, in two places.

أَصَلَةٌ: see أَصِيلَةٌ.

A2: Also A kind of serpent, the most malignant, or noxious, of serpents: (S:) or a serpent, (M, K,) short, (M, [where, in the only copy to which I have access, I find added, كَالرِئَةِ, app. a mistranscription, for كَالرُّمَّةِ, like the fragment of a rope,]) or small, (K,) red, but not intensely red, (M,) very deadly, of the most malignant, or noxious, kind, (TA,) having one leg, upon which it stands, (M, TA,) then turns round, then springs, (TA,) that springs upon a man, and blows, killing everything upon which it blows: (M:) or, as some say, a great serpent, (M, K,) that kills by its blowing: (K:) or one of the very crafty kinds of serpents, short and broad, said to be like the shaft of an arrow, and it springs upon the horseman: (Msb:) pl. ↓ أَصَلٌ, (S, M. Msb, K,) [or rather this is a coll. gen. n.,] and [pl. of pauc.] آصَالٌ. (Msb.) b2: [Hence, app.,] (assumed tropical:) Short and broad: applied to a man and to a woman. (TA.) أَصْلِىٌّ [Radical; fundamental; primitive; original; underived: an epithet of extensive application; and particularly applied to a letter of a word, as opposed to augmentative; and to a signification]. (The Lexicons &c. passim.) أَصْلِيَّةٌ [The quality denoted by the epithet أَصْلِىٌّ; radicalness, &c.:] a term used by IJ [and others] in the place of تَأَصُّلٌ: see 5. (M.) أَصِيلٌ [Having root, or a foundation; and consequently, having rootedness, fixedness, immobility, stability, or permanence; rooted, fixed, immoveable, stable, or permanent]. You say, إِنَّ النَّخْلَ فِى أَرْضِنَا لَأَصِيلٌ Verily the palm-trees in our land remain permanently, not perishing. (A, TA.) b2: A man having أَصْل, (K, TA,) i. e., lincage, or pedigree: (TA:) or established in his أَصْل: (Abu-l-BaKà, TA:) or noble, or generous. (Msb.) b3: A man firm of judgment, and intelligent. (M, K.* [Accord. to the copies of the latter, the signification is عَاقِبٌ ثَابِتُ الرَّأْىِ: but I think that the right reading of the first word is عَاقِلٌ, as in the M, in which this word occupies the last place in the explanation.]) And أَصِيلُ الرَّأْىِ A man firm, or sound, of judgment. (S.) and رَأْىٌ أَصِيلٌ Judgment having أَصْل [i. e. firmness]. (M.) And مَجْدٌ أَصِيلٌ Glory, honour, dignity, or nobility, having a firm root or foundation. (S.) And شَرٌّ أَصِيلٌ Vehement evil or mischief. (Ibn-'Abbád.) A2: See also أَصِلٌ, in two places. b2: [Hence, app.,] الأَصِيلُ Destruction: and death: as also, in both senses, ↓ الأَصِيلَةُ. (K.) A3: [The evening; or] i. q. عَشِىٌّ; (M, K, Msb, TA;) i. e. (Msb, TA) the time from the عَصْر, (S, TA,) from the prayer of the عصر, (Msb,) to sunset; (Sudot;, Msb, TA;) as also ↓ أَصِيلَةٌ: (R, TA:) the pl. is أُصُلٌ, (S, M, R, Msb, K,) or ↓ this is a sing., (TA,) or it may be a sing., (M,) for it is used as such, (M, TA,) and أُصْلَانٌ, (S, M, K,) and آصَالٌ, (S, M, Sgh, K,) [a pl. of pauc.,] or, accord. to Es-Saláh Es-Safadee, this is a pl. of أُصُلٌ, the sing., not the pl., (TA,) or it is pl. of أُصُلٌ, (Zj, M,) which may be a pl. or a sing., (M,) and أَصَائِلُ, (S, M, K,) as though pl. of أَصِيلَةٌ, (S,) or it is pl. of this last word. (R, TA.) You say, لَقِيتُهُ أَصِيلًا and ↓ أُصُلًا, i. e. [I met him in the evening,] عَشِيًّا. (A, TA.) From the pl. أُصْلَانُ is formed the dim.

↓ أُصَيْلَانٌ, (S, M, K,) which is extr., (M, K,) because the dim. of a pl. is [regularly] formed only from a pl. of pauc., which اصلان is not; or, if اصلان be a sing., like رُمَّانٌ and قُرْبَانٌ, this dim. is regular: (M:) sometimes, (K,) one says also ↓ أُصَيْلَالٌ, (S, M, K,) substituting ل for the [final] ن (S, M.*) You say, ↓لَقِيتُهُ أُصَيْلَانًا and ↓ أُصَيْلَالًا, meaning, as above, عَشِيًّا: (A, TA:) and Lh mentions ↓ لقيته أُصَيَّالًا. (So in two copies of the S.) أَصيلَةٌ A man's whole property: (M, K:) or his palm-trees: (K, TA: in the CK his palmtree:) thus in the dial. of El-Hijáz. (O, TA.) b2: أَخَذَهُ بِأَصِيلَتِهِ, (S, M, K,) and ↓ بِأَصَلَتِهِ, (IAar, M, K,) He took it altogether, (S, M, K,) [as it were] with its root, (S, M,) not leaving aught of it. (TA.) And جَاؤُوا بِأَصِيلَتِهِمْ They came altogether; the whole of them. (S, Z.) A2: لِفُلَانٍ أَرْضٌ أَصِيلَةٌ To such a one belongs land long possessed, or inherited from his parents, by means of which he has his living: a phrase of the people of Et-Táïf. (TA.) A3: See also أَصِيلٌ, in two places.

أُصُولِى One skilled in the science termed عِلْمٌ الأُصُولِ: see أَصْلٌ. (TA.) لَقِيتُهُ أُصَيَّالًا: see أَصِيلٌ, last sentence.

أُصَيْلَانٌ and أُصَيلَالٌ: see أَصِيلٌ, in four places, last two sentences.

لَقِيتُهُ مُؤْصِلًا I met him entering upon the time called the أَصِيل. (TA.) And أَتَيْنَا مُؤْصِلِينَ We came entering upon the time so called. (S.) أَصْلٌ مُؤَصَّلٌ [ A root, or foundation, or the like, made firm, or fixed, or established]. (S.) [See also أَصِيلٌ.]

شَاةٌ مُسْتَأْصَلَةٌ A sheep, or goat, whose horn has been taken from its root. (TA.) مُسْتَأْصِلٌ: see أَصِلٌ.

يَأْصُولٌ: see أَصْلٌ, first sentence.

سر

ى1 سَرَى, (S, M, K,) or سَرَى اللَّيْلَ (Msb) and بِاللَّيْلِ, (Mgh, Msb,) aor. ـْ (K,) inf. n. سُرًى (S, M, Mgh, K) and مَسْرًى (S, K) and سَرْيَةٌ and سُرْيَةٌ (M, K) and سِرَايَةٌ; (S, * and TA as from the K, but not in the CK nor in my MS. copy of the K;) the first of a form rare among inf. ns., because it is one of the forms of pls., as is shown by the fact that some of the Arabs make it and هُدًى fem., namely, Benoo-Asad, supposing them to be pls. of سُرْيَةٌ and هُدْيَةٌ, (S,) and Lh knew not سُرًى but as a fem. noun; (M;) or the inf. n. is سَرْىٌ, and سُرْيَةٌ and سَرْيَةٌ are more special [in meaning, as will be shown below, voce سَرْيَةٌ], and سُرًى is pl. of سُرْيَةٌ; (Msb;) or سَرْيَةٌ is an inf. n. un., and سُرْيَةٌ is a simple subst., and so is سُرًى, (S, TA,) and so is سِرَايَةٌ (Msb, TA) also, as some say; (TA;) He journeyed, or travelled, by night, or in the night, (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) in a general sense; (M, K;) accord. to Az, in the first part part of the night, and in the middle thereof, and in the last part thereof; (Msb, TA;) and ↓ اسرى signifies the same (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K) in the dial. of El-Hijáz, (S, Msb,) inf. n. إِسْرَآءٌ; (M;) as also ↓ استرى; (M, K;) and perhaps ↓ تسرّى likewise. (Mgh.) [See also سُرًى and سَرْيَةٌ below.] It is said in a prov., ذَهَبُوا إِسْرَاءَ ↓ قُنْفُذٍ‏ [They went away in the manner of a hedge-hog's night-travelling; meaning they went away by night]; because the قنفذ goes all the night, not sleeping. (M.) b2: [Hence, as denoting unseen progress,] it is said also of the root of a tree, meaning It crept along beneath the ground; (Az, M, K;) aor. as above, (M,) inf. n. سَرْىٌ. (TA.) b3: And it is said of ideal things, as being likened to corporeal things; tropically, and by extension of the signification; (Msb, TA;) or metaphorically; [as, for instance,] of calamities, and wars, and anxieties: (M, TA:) and the predominant inf. ns. [in these cases] are سِرَايَةٌ and سَرَيَانٌ. (TA.) One says, سَرَى عِرْقُ السُّوْءِ فِى الإِنْسَانِ (tropical:) [The root, or strain, of evil crept in the man]. (Es-Sarakustee, Msb, TA.) And سَرَى فِيهِ السَّمُّ (tropical:) [The poison crept in him, or pervaded him]; and similarly one says of wine; and of the like of these two things. (El-Fárábee, Msb, TA. [See also دَبَّ.]) And the lawyers say, سَرَى الجُرْحُ إِلَى النَّفْسِ (tropical:) [The wound extended to the soul], meaning that the pain of the wound continued until death ensued in consequence thereof: (Mgh, * Msb, TA:) and قُطِعَ كَفُّهُ فَسَرَى إِلَى سَاعِدِهِ (tropical:) [His hand was cut off, and it extended to his upper arm], meaning that the effect of the wound passed by transmission: and سَرَى التَّحْرِيمُ, and العِتْقُ, (tropical:) The prohibition, and the emancipation, [extended, or] passed by transmission: phrases current among the lawyers, but not mentioned in books of repute, though agreeable with others here preceding and following. (Msb, TA.) One says also, سَرَى عَلَيْهِ الهَمُّ (tropical:) Anxiety came to him [or upon him] by night: and سَرَى هَمُّهُ (tropical:) His anxiety went away. (Msb, TA.) and similar to these is the phrase in the Kur [lxxxix. 3], وَاللَّيْلِ إِذَا يَسْرِ (tropical:) And by the night when it goes away: (Msb, TA:) or, as some say, when one journeys in it; like as one says لَيْلٌ نَائِمٌ meaning “ night in which one sleeps: ” the [final] ى [of the verb] is elided because it terminates a verse. (TA.) b4: It is made trans. by means of ب: (Msb:) one says, سَرَى بِهِ [He made him to journey, or travel, or he transported him, by night, or in the night; or it may be rendered he journeyed, or travelled, with him, by night, or in the night]; (M, Msb, K;) and in like manner, [and more commonly,] بِهِ ↓ أَسْرَى; (S, M, Msb, K;) and ↓ أَسْرَاهُ; (S, M, K;) like as one says, أَخَذَ بِالخِطَامِ as well as اخذ الخِطَامَ. (S.) As to the saying in the Kur [17:1], سُبْحَانَ الَّذِى أَسْرَى بِعَبْدِهِ لَيْلًا [Extolled be the glory of Him who transported his servant by night!], it is an instance of corroboration, (S, K, * TA,) like the saying, سِرْتُ أَمْسِ نَهَارًا and البَارِحَةَ لَيْلًا: (S, TA:) or the meaning is [simply] سَيَّرَهُ: (K, TA:) accord. to 'Alam-ed-Deen Es-Sakháwee, لَيْلًا is added, although الإِسْرَآء is not otherwise than by night, because the space over which he was transported is not to be traversed in less than forty days, but was traversed by him in one night; as though the meaning [intended] were, فِى لَيْلٍ وَاحِدٍ; and it denotes wonder: لَيْلًا is here used instead of لَيْلَةً because when they say سَرَى لَيْلَةً the meaning generally is he occupied the whole of the night in journeying: Er-Rághib holds the verb in this instance to be from سَرَاةٌ signifying “ a wide tract of land,” to belong to art. سرو, and to be like أَجْبَلَ and أَتْهَمَ; the meaning being, who transported his servant over a wide tract of land: but this is strange. (TA.) A2: سَرَى مَتَاعَهُ, (M, K,) aor. ـْ (M, TA,) inf. n. سَرْىٌ, (TA,) He threw his goods, or utensils and furniture, upon the back of his beast. (M, K.) b2: And سَرَى عَنِّى الثَّوْبَ, inf. n. سَرْىٌ, He removed from over me the garment: but و is more approved [as the final radical: see 1 in art, سرو]. (M, TA.) You say, سَرَيْتُ الثَّوْبَ and ↓ سَرَّيْتُهُ I pulled off the garment: and عَنْهُ ↓ سُرِّىَ It was removed from over him, and removed from its place: the teshdeed denotes intensiveness. (TA.) 2 سرّى, (K,) or سرّى سَرِيَّةً, (TA,) inf. n. تَسْرِيَةٌ, He (the leader of an army, TA) detached a سَرِيَّة [q. v.] (K, TA) to the enemy by night. (TA.) b2: سرّى العَرَقَ عَنْ بَدَنِهِ, inf. n. as above, He exuded the sweat from his body. (TA.) b3: See also 1, last sentence, in two places.4 أَسْرَىَ see 1, in the former half of the paragraph, in two places: b2: and again, in the latter half, in three places. b3: See also 4 in art. سرو.5 تَسَرَّىَ see 1, first sentence.8 إِسْتَرَىَ see 1, first sentence.

سُرًى, [said by some to be an inf. n., by some to be a simple subst., and by some to be pl. of سُرْيَةٌ, or supposed to be so, and therefore made fem., as mentioned in the first sentence of this art.,] meaning A journeying, or travelling, by night, or in the night, in a general sense, is masc. and fem., (M, K,) by some of the Arabs made fem., (S,) and not known to Lh but as a fem. noun. (M.) It is said in a prov., عِنْدَ الصَّبَاحِ يَحْمَدُ القَوْمُ السُّرَى

[At daybreak, the party commend night-journeying]: applied to the man who endures difficulty, or distress, or fatigue, hoping for rest, or ease: (Meyd:) and in inciting to labour for the accomplishment of an affair with patience, and to dispose and subject the mind, until one commends the result thereof. (Har p. 555, q. v.) سَرَاةٌ: see art. سرو.

سَرْيَةٌ and ↓ سُرْيَةٌ are inf. ns. of سَرَى: (M, K:) or have a more special signification than the inf. n. of that verb, which is سَرْىٌ: one says, سَرَيْنَا سَرْيَةً مِنَ اللَّيْلِ and ↓ سُرْيَةً [We journeyed by night a journey of the night]: and the pl. of ↓ سُرْيَةٌ is [said to be] سُرًى: (Msb:) or one says, سَرَيْنَا سَرْيَةً وَاحِدَةً [We journeyed by night a single night-journey]: and the subst. [signifying a journeying, or travelling, by night, or in the night,] is ↓ سُرْيَةٌ, and سُرًى. (S, TA.) سُرْيَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in four places.

سِرْيَةٌ meaning An arrow-head, (As, M, TA,) such as is small, short, round and smooth, having no breadth, (M, TA,) is a dial. var. of سِرْوَةٌ [q. v.], (As, TA,) or formed from the latter word by the substitution of ى for و because of the kesreh: (M, TA:) accord. to the K, ↓ سَرِيَّةٌ signifies a small round arrow-head; but this is a mistake; the correct word being سِرْيَةٌ, with kesr, and without teshdeed to the ى. (TA.) A2: It is also a dial. var. of سِرْوَةٌ signifying The locust in its first state, when it is a larva. (S in art. سرو.) سَرَآءٌ A certain tree, (AHn, S, M, K,) from which bows are made, (AHn, S, M,) the wood whereof is of the best of woods, and which is of the trees of the mountains: (AHn, M:) ElGhanawee El-Aarábee says, the نَبْع and شَوْحَط [q. v.] and سَرَآء are one: (TA in art. شحط:) [it is also mentioned in the TA in art. سرأ:] n. un.

سَرَآءَةٌ. (M, K.) سَرِىٌّ i. q. نَهْرٌ [A river, &c.]: (Th, M:) or a rivulet, or streamlet: (S, M, Msb:) or a rivulet running to palm-trees: (M, K:) pl. [of pauc.]

أَسْرِيَةٌ (S, M, K) and [of mult.] سُرْيَانٌ: (Sb, S, M, Msb, K:) أَسْرِيَآءُ as its pl. has not been heard. (S.) Thus it has been expl. as occurring in the Kur xix. 24. (M, TA.) A2: See also art. سرو.

سَرِيَّةٌ A portion of an army: (S, Msb:) of the measure فَعِيلَةٌ in the sense of the measure فَاعِلَةٌ; because marching by night, privily; (Mgh, Msb;) thus originally, and afterwards applied also to such as march by day: (Ham p. 45:) or it may be from الاِسْتِرَآءُ “ the act of choosing, or selecting; ” because a company chosen from the army: (Mgh: [but if so, belonging to art. سرو:]) from five persons to three hundred: (M, K:) or four hundred: (K:) or, of horsemen, about four hundred: (M:) or the best thereof, (S,) or the utmost, (Nh,) consists of four hundred: (S, Nh:) or, accord. to the “ Fet-h el-Bári,” from a hundred to five hundred: (TA:) or nine, and more than this; three, and four, and the like being termed طَلِيعَةٌ, not سَرِيَّةٌ: but it is related of the Prophet that he sent a single person as a سَرِيَّة: (Mgh:) the pl. is سَرَايَا (S, Msb) and سَرِيَّاتٌ. (Msb.) A2: See also سِرْيَةٌ.

سِرَايَةٌ A journeying, or travelling, by night, or in the night: (S, Msb, TA:) an inf. n.; (TA as from the K; [see 1, first sentence;]) or a simple subst. (Msb, TA.) سَرَيَانِىٌّ, from the inf. n. سَرَيَانٌ, Pervasive: occurring in philosophical works, and probably post-classical.]

السُّرْيَانِيَّةُ The Syriac language.]

سَرَّآءٌ One who journeys much, or often, by night. (K.) سَارٍ Journeying, or travelling, by night, or in the night, in a general sense: (M, TA: *) pl. سُرَاةٌ. (TA.) b2: Hence, because of his going [about] by night, (TA,) السَّارِى signifies The lion; as also ↓ المُسَارِى and ↓ المُسْتَرِى. (K, TA.) سَارِيَةٌ A party, or company of men, journeying by night. (Er-Rághib, TA.) b2: And A cloud that comes by night: (S, Msb:) or clouds that travel by night: (K:) or a cloud that is between that which comes in the early morning and that which comes in the evening: [perhaps thus termed as having previously travelled in the night:] or, accord. to Lh, a rain that comes in the night: (M, TA:) pl. سَوَارِى [app. a mistranscription for سَوَارٍ, being indeterminate]. (K, TA.) b3: One says, جَآءَ صَبِيحَةَ سَارِيَةٍ He came in the morning of a night in which was rain. (TA.) b4: and the pl. السَّارِيَاتُ signifies The asses: (M:) or the wild asses: (TA:) because they rest not by night: (M:) or because they pasture by night. (TA.) A2: Also A column, syn. أُسْطُوَانَةٌ, (S, M, Msb, K,) of stone, or of baked bricks; so in the “ Bári': ” (TA:) pl. سَوَارٍ. (Mgh.) b2: [And A mast: see حَنَّ and صَرَّ: and see also صَارِيَةٌ.]

أَسْرَى [More, and most, used to night-journeying]. أَسْرَى مِنْ قُنْفُذٍ [More used to go about by night than a hedge-hog] is a prov. of the Arabs. (TA.) [See also the same word in art. سرو.]

مَسْرًى may be a n. of place and a n. of time, [signifying A place, and a time, of night-journeying,] as well as an inf. n. (Ham p. 23.) It is [used also in a larger sense, as] syn. with مَذْهَبٌ [A place, and a time, of going &c.: a way by which one goes &c.]. (Har p. 540.) المُسَارِى: see سَارٍ, above.

المُسْتَرَى: see سَارٍ, above.

المُتَسَرِّى He who goes forth in, or among, the [company termed] سَرِيَّة. (IAth, TA.)