جامع الأصول، لأحاديث الرسول
لأبي السعادات: مبارك بن محمد، المعروف: بابن الأثير الجزري، الشافعي.
المتوفى: سنة 606، ست وستمائة.
أوله: (الحمد لله، الذي أوضح لمعالم الإسلام سبيلاً000 الخ).
ذكر: أن مبنى هذا الكتاب على ثلاثة أركان:
الأول: في المبادئ.
الثاني: في المقاصد.
الثالث: في الخواتيم.
وأورد في الأول: مقدمة، وأربعة فصول.
وذكر في المقدمة: أن علوم الشريعة، تنقسم: إلى فرض، ونفل.
والفرض: إلى فرض عين، وفرض كفاية.
وإن من أصول فروض الكفايات: علم أحاديث الرسول عليه الصلاة والسلام، وآثار أصحابه التي هي ثانية أدلة الأحكام.
وله أصول، وأحكام، وقواعد، واصطلاحات، ذكرها العلماء، يحتاج طالبها إلى معرفتها كالعلم بالرجال، وأساميهم، وأنسابهم، وأعمارهم، ووقت وفاتهم، والعلم بصفات الرواة، وشرائطهم التي يجوز معها قبول روايتهم، والعلم بمستند الرواة، وكيفية أخذهم الأحاديث، وتقسيم طرقه، والعلم بلفظ الرواة، وإيرادهم ما سمعوه، وذكر مراتبه، والعلم بجواز نقل الحديث بالمعنى، ورواية بعضه، والزيادة فيه، والإضافة إليه ما ليس منه، والعلم بالمسند، وشرائطه، والعالي منه، والنازل، والعلم بالمرسل، وانقسامه إلى المنقطع، والموقوف، والمعضل، والعلم بالجرح والتعديل، وبيان طبقات المجروحين، والعلم بأقسام الصحيح، والكذب، والغريب، والحسن، والعلم بأخبار التواتر، والآحاد، والناسخ والمنسوخ، وغير ذلك.
فمن أتقنها، أتى دار هذا العلم من بابها.
وذكر في الفصل الأول: انتشار علم الحديث، ومبدأ جمعه وتأليفه.
وفي الفصل الثاني: اختلاف أغراض الناس، ومقاصدهم في تصنيف الحديث.
وفي الفصل الثالث: اقتداء المتأخرين بالسابقين، وسبب اختصار كتبهم، وتأليفها.
وفي الفصل الرابع: خلاصة الغرض من جمع هذا الكتاب.
قال: لما وقفت على الكتب، ورأيت كتاب رزين هو أكبرها، وأعمها، حيث حوى الكتب الستة، التي هي أم كتب الحديث، وأشهرها.
فأحببت أن أشتغل بهذا الكتاب الجامع، فلما تتبعته، وجدته قد أودع أحاديث في أبواب غير تلك الأبواب أولى بها، وكرر فيه أحاديث كثيرة، وترك أكثر منها.
وجمعت بين كتابه، وبين ما لم يذكره من الأصول الستة، ورأيت في كتابه أحاديث كثيرة لم أجدها في الأصول، لاختلاف النسخ والطرق.
وأنه قد اعتمد في ترتيب كتابه على أبواب البخاري، فناجتني نفسي أن أهذب كتابه، وأرتب أبوابه، وأضيف إليه ما أسقطه من الأصول، وأتبعه شرح ما في الأحاديث من الغريب، والإعراب، والمعنى: فشرعت فحذفت الأسانيد، ولم أثبت إلا اسم الصحابي الذي روى الحديث، إن كان خبراً، أو اسم من يرويه عن الصحابي إن كان أثراً، وأفردت باباً في آخر الكتاب، يتضمن أسماء المذكورين في جميع الكتاب على الحروف.
وأما متون الحديث، فلم أثبت منها إلا ما كان حديثاً، أو أثراً، وما كان من أقوال التابعين والأئمة، فلم أذكره إلا نادراً.
وذكر رزين في كتابه: (فقه مالك) ورجحت اختيار الأبواب على المسانيد، وبنيت الأبواب على المعاني، فكل حديث انفرد لمعنى أثبته في بابه، فإن اشتمل على أكثر أوردته في آخر الكتاب، في كتاب سميته: (كتاب اللواحق).
ثم إني عمدت إلى كل كتاب، من الكتب المسماة في جميع هذا الكتاب، وفصلته إلى أبواب وفصول، لاختلاف معنى الأحاديث، ولما كثر عدد الكتب جعلتها مرتبة على الحروف، فأودعت كتاب الإيمان، وكتاب الإيلاء، في الألف.
ثم عمدت إلى آخر كل حرف، فذكرت فيه فصلاً يستدل به على مواضع الأبواب من الكتاب، ورأيت أن ثبت أسماء رواة كل حديث أو أثر على هامش الكتاب، حذاء أول الحديث، ورقمت على اسم كل راو علامة من أخرج ذلك الحديث من أصحاب الكتب الستة، وأما الغريب فذكرت في آخر كل حرف على ترتيب الكتب، وذكرت الكلمات التي في المتون المحتاجة إلى الشرح بصورتها على هامش الكتاب، وشرحها حذائها انتهى ملخصا.
ولهذا الكتاب العظيم مختصرات منها:
مختصر أبي جعفر، محمد المروزي، الأسترابادي.
وهو على النسق الذي وضع الكتاب عليه.
أتمه: في ذي القعدة سنة: 682، اثنتين وثمانين وستمائة، وهو ابن تسع وستين سنة.
ومختصر شرف الدين: هبة الله بن عبد الرحيم بن البارزي، الحموي، الشافعي.
المتوفى: سنة 738، ثمان وثلاثين وسبعمائة.
جرده عما زاده على الأصول من شرح الغريب والإعراب والتكرار.
وسماه (تجريد الأصول).
أوله: (الحمد لله، رب العالمين 000 الخ).
ذكر فيه: أن المتقدمين لما اشتغلوا بتصحيح الحديث، وهو الأهم لم يأت تأليفهم على أكمل الأوضاع، فجاء الخلف الصالح فأظهروا تلك الفضيلة، إما بــإبداع ترتيب، أو بزيادة تهذيب.
منهم: الشيخ: ابن الأثير، نظر في كتاب رزين، واختار له وضعاً أجاد فيه، لكن كان قصور همم الناس داعياً إلى الأعراض فجرده.
ومختصر الشيخ، صلاح الدين: خليل بن كيكلدي، العلائي، الدمشقي، ثم القدسي.
المتوفى: سنة 761، إحدى وستين وسبعمائة.
واشتهر بتهذيب الأصول.
ومختصر الشيخ: عبد الرحمن بن علي، الشهير: بابن الديبع الشيباني، اليمني.
المتوفى: سنة خمسين وتسعمائة، (944 أربع وأربعين وتسعمائة) تقريباً.
وهو أحسن المختصرات.
سماه: (تيسير الوصول إلى جامع الأصول).
أوله: (الحمد لله، يسر الوصول 000 الخ).
وللشيخ، مجد الدين، أبي طاهر: محمد بن يعقوب الفيروزأبادي.
المتوفى: 817، سبع عشرة وثمانمائة.
زوائد عليه.
سماه: (تسهيل طريق الوصول، إلى الأحاديث الزائدة على جامع الأصول).
ألفه: للناصر بن الأشرف، صاحب اليمن.
وفي غريبه: كتب لمحب الدين: أحمد بن عبد الله الطبري.
المتوفى: سنة أربع وتسعين وستمائة.
ومختصر الشيخ: أحمد بن رزق الله الأنصاري، الحنفي.

أثر: آثره به: اختصه به، ففي أخبار ص152: مؤاثرتك بكتبك (راجع: استأثر).
وآثر شيئا على شيء: فضله عليه غير أن المفعول يحذف أحيانا فيكون معنى الفعل أيضا: أعطاه وأداه (معجم المختارات).
وآثر على فلان بالشيء، أو آثر إلى فلان بالشيء: أعطاه إياه وهذا تفسير كاترمير، ويقول مونج ص365 وما يليها: ((آثر معناه فضل فلانا على فلان أو شيئا على شيء، ومنه هنا صار معناها: فضل فلانا على نفسه في ملك شيء. وأخيرا أصبحت تعني أيضا أكثر من العطاء عطاء الدراهم والأشياء الثمينة. وقد نقل هذا النص: ((الإيثار بالشيء أن تعطيه لغيرك مع احتياجك إليه)) وهو يرى أن معنى آثره به هو آثره به على نفسه. (راجع رياض النفوس ص47 و) ففيه: ((وقد حضر ما يأكل غير إنه آثر بها الفقير على نفسه)) وبعد ذلك ((آثرنا بما عندنا هذا الرجل الفقير)) وهو يذكر أمثلة كثيرة. وأضيف اليها ما جاء في عباد 2: 115 (راجع 3: 208) وابن جبير 288، وابن بطوطة 1: 104، 232، 234، 345، 2: 25، 54، 72، 138، 166، 179، 338، 3: 255، 269، 337، 4: 286، والمقدمة 2: 238، وتاريخ البربر 1: 407، وكرتاس 36، 42، 189، 221. والمقري 1: 590، 595، 597، والخطيب 72 ق. وتعني كلمة إيثار في كل هذه الأمثلة الكرم والإحسان.
واستأثر: اختص به (بيديا 31، راجع ما ذكرنا في آثر)، واستأثره بالشيء: أعطاه إياه خاصا به عن غيره من الناس. (تاريخ البربر 1: 130).
أثر: رفاة الأولياء وما بقي من ذخائرهم (بطوطة 1: 95)، وأثر وجمعها آثار: المنقول كالأثاث وغيره (الإدريسي 103، ألف ليلة 3: 8).
ولما كانت كلمة أثر تعني الخبر المنقول والسنة الباقية وكان الكثير من هذه الأخبار المنقولة تعني غالبا بالكشف عن المستقبل (راجع المقدمة 2: 179) فان لفظ ((أثر حدثاني)) (جبير 76) صار يعني ((التنبؤات المكتوبة)) (بدرون 212، أخبار 154، بيان 2: 275) وصحح بهذا المعنى ما جاء في معجم ألفاظ بدرون ومعجم ألفاظ البيان. وكلمتا عين وأثر اللتان وردتا في عباد 1: 306) تدلان على معناهما المعروف ومصراع البيت فيه ومعناه ((وانك لا تقول لي شيئا غير معروف)).
والأثر: التأثير الدائم المستمر وبخاصة أثر الأفلاك (المقدمة 1: 191، 202، 204، 2: 187، 3: 108، وفي حيان - بسام (2: 116 و): كان بصيرا بالآثار العلوية عالماً بالأفلاك والهيئة.
والأثر خط المحراث (المعجم اللاتيني وهمبرت 178).
والأثر وجمعه آثار: الأرض الزراعية تتوارثها أسرة واحدة (صفة مصر 11: 488 أثْرَة: أثر، انطباع ومجازاً: الإحساس والشعور (بوشر).
آثر: أفضل، (معجم المختار، عبد الواحد 109) وفي حيان - بسام (3: 142 و) ((وملأ قلبه وعينه بالمطعم الذي كان آثر الأشياء عنده)).
أثارة: بقية الشيء، ففي المقدمة (2: 185) اثارة من النبوة، أي بقية من النبوة.
ويقال: أثارة من علم، وأثارة علم.
واثارة وحدها (راجع: لين) تعني التنبؤ بالمستقبل. (بربر 1: 23، 136، 2: 11. المقري 2: 752، راجع فليشرب) وفي ابن عبد الملك (86ق): ذكر لأصحابه قبل موته بمدة ما يتوقع من حلول الفتنة على رأس أربعمائة وما يحملها فيها من أثارة. ومعنى هذه الكلمة ((أثارة)) ليس واضحا لدي في نص تاريخ البربر (1: 476): ((لأثارة من الخير والعبادة وصلت بينهم وبينه. وقد ترجمها دى سلان بما معناه: لقد وصلت بينه وبينهم العبادة وأفعال الخير)).
مَأثْرة وجمعها مآثر: اثر الفكر ونتاجه (عباد 1: 12) والحيلة (بطوطة 4: 356 أن صحت كتابتها).
مُؤَثّر. قوة مؤثرة: ذات أثر، وقوة النفس المبتكرة والفكر المبدع (بوشر).

الإشارات والتنبيهات، في المنطق والحكمة
للشيخ، الرئيس، أبي علي: الحسن بن عبد الله، الشهير: بابن سينا.
المتوفى: سنة ثمان وعشرين وأربعمائة.
وهو: كتاب صغير الحجم، كثير العلم، مستصعب على الفهم، منطو على كلام أولي الألباب، مبين للنكت العجيبة، والفوائد الغريبة التي خلا عنها أكثر المبسوطات.
أورد: المنطق في عشرة مناهج، والحكمة: في عشرة أنماط:
الأول: في الأجسام.
والثاني: في الجهات.
والثالث: في النفوس.
والرابع: في الوجود.
والخامس: في الــإبداع.
والسادس: في الغايات، والمبادي.
والسابع: في التجريد.
والثامن: في السعادة.
والتاسع: في مقامات العارفين.
والعاشر: في أسرار الآيات.
قال في أوله: (الحمد لله على حسن توفيقه... الخ، أيها الحريص على تحقيق الحق، إني مهدت إليك فيه أصولا من الحكمة، إن أخذت الفطانة بيدك، سهل عليك تفريعها وتفصيلها..). انتهى.
ولها شروح، منها:
شرح: الإمام، فخر الدين: محمد بن عمر الرازي.
المتوفى: سنة ست وستمائة.
أوله: (أما بعد الحمد لمن يستحق الحمد لذاته... الخ).
وهو شرح: بقال، أقول.
طعن فيه: بنقض، أو معارضة، وبالغ في الرد على صاحبه، ولذلك سمى بعض الظرفاء شرحه: جرحا.
وله: (لباب الإشارات).
لخصه منها، بالتماس بعض السادات، في جمادى الأولى، سنة: سبع وتسعين وخمسمائة.
ورتب على: ترتيبه في: المنطقيات، والطبيعيات، والإلهيات.
ومنها: شرح، العلامة، المحقق، نصير الدين: محمد بن الحسن الطوسي.
المتوفى: سنة تسع وسبعين وستمائة.
أوله: (الحمد لله الذي وفقنا لافتتاح المقال بتحميده... الخ).
ذكر فيه: أن الرئيس كان مؤيدا بالنظر الثاقب، وأن كتابه هذا من تصانيفه كاسمه، وقد سأله بعض الأجلاء: أن يقرر ما عنده من معانيه المستفادة من المعلمين، ومن شرح الإمام الرازي، وغيره؟ فأجاب، وأشار إلى أجوبة بعض ما اعترض به الفاضل المذكور.
وسماه: (بحل مشكلات الإشارات).
وفرغ من تأليفه: في صفر، سنة أربع وأربعين وستمائة.
و (المحاكمة بين الشارحين الفاضلين المذكورين).
للمحقق، قطب الدين: محمد بن محمد الرازي، المعروف: بالتحتاني.
المتوفى: سنة ست وستين وسبعمائة.
كتبها: بإشارة من: العلامة، قطب الدين الشيرازي، لما عرض عليه ماله من الأبحاث، والاعتراضات على كلام الإمام، فقال له العلامة، قطب الدين: التعقب على صاحب الكلام الكثير يسير، وإنما اللائق بك أن تكون حكما بينه وبين النصير.
فصنف الكتاب المشهور: (بالمحاكمات).
وفرغ في: أواخر جمادى الآخرة، سنة خمس وخمسين وسبعمائة.
وللشيخ، بدر الدين: محمد أسعد اليماني، ثم التستري.
كتاب أيضا في: المحاكمة بينهما.
وعلى أوائل شرح النصير: (حاشية).
للمولى، شمس الدين: أحمد بن سليمان، الشهير بابن كمال باشا.
المتوفى: سنة أربعين وتسعمائة.
وله: (حاشية)، على (محاكمات القطب) أيضا.
وللفاضل: حبيب الله، الشهير: بميرزاجان الشيرازي.
المتوفى: سنة أربع وتسعين وتسعمائة.
(حاشية على شرح النصير) أيضا.
ومن شروحها:
شرح: الفاضل، سراج الدين: محمود بن أبي بكر الأرموي.
المتوفى: سنة اثنتين وثمانين وستمائة.
وشرح: الإمام، برهان الدين: محمد بن محمد النسفي، الحنفي.
المتوفى: سنة ثمان وثمانين وستمائة.
وشرح: عز الدولة: سعد بن منصور، المعروف: بابن كمونة.
المتوفى: سنة (676).
أوله: (أحمد الله على حسن توفيقه... الخ).
ألفه: لولد: شمس الدين، صاحب ديوان الممالك.
ممزوجا.
أتى فيه: بجميع ألفاظ الرئيس، من غير إخلال، إلا بما هو لضرورة اندراج الكلام، ومزج ما التقطه من كتب الحكماء، ومن شرح: العلامة نصير الدين، وما استنبطه بفكره، مزجا غير مميز، فصار كتابا كالشرح للإشارات.
وسماه: (شرح الأصول والجمل، من مهمات العلم والعمل).
ومنها: شرح: رفيع الدين... الجيلي.
المتوفى: سنة (641).
ونظم: (الإشارات).
لأبي نصر: فتح بن موسى الخضراوي.
المتوفى: سنة ثلاث وستين وستمائة.
ومختصرها.
لنجم الدين... بن اللبودي، (محمد بن عبدان الدمشقي، الحكيم.
المتوفى: سنة 621).

امر

1 أَمَرَهُ, (T, S, M, &c.,) aor. ـُ (M, &c.,) inf. n. أَمْرٌ (T, S, M, Msb, K) and إِمَارٌ, (M, L, K,) which latter, however, is disapproved by MF, (TA,) and إِيمَارٌ is syn. therewith, (K,) but this also is disapproved by MF, and deemed by him strange, [being by rule the inf. n. of ↓ آمَرَهُ, respecting which see what follows,] (TA,) and آمِرَةٌ, (M, K,) which is one of the inf. ns. [or quasiinf. ns.] of the measure فَاعِلَةٌ, like عَافِيَةٌ and عَاقِبَةٌ, (M,) He commanded him; ordered him; bade him; enjoined him; the inf. n. signifying the contr. of نَهْىٌ; (T, M, K;) as also ↓ آمرهُ, (Kr, M, K,) mentioned by A'Obeyd also as a dial. var. of أمَرَهُ: (Msb:) but A'Obeyd says that آمَرْتُهُ and أَمرْتُهُ are syn. [in a sense different from that explained above, i. e.] as meaning كَثَّرْتُهُ. (TA.) You say, أَمَرَهُ بِهِ, (S, M, K,) and أَمَرَهُ إِيَّاهُ, suppressing the prep., (M,) He commanded, ordered, bade, or enjoined, him to do it. (M, K.) And أمَرْتُكَ أَنْ تَفْعَلَ, and لِتَفْعَلَ, and بِأنْ تَفْعَلَ, I commanded, ordered, bade, or enjoined, thee to do [such a thing]. (M.) [And أَمَرَهُ بِكَذَا as meaning He commanded him, or ordered him, to make use of such a thing; or the like: whence, in a trad.,] أُمِرْتُ بِالسِّوَاكِ [I have been commanded to make use of the tooth-stick]. (El-Jámi' es-Sagheer.) [And He enjoined him such a thing; as, for instance, patience.] The imperative of أَمَرَ is مُرْ; originally اؤْمُرْ; which also occurs [with وَ in the place of ؤ when the ا is pronounced with damm]: (M:) but [generally] when it is not preceded by a conjunction, (Msb,) i. e., by وَ or فَ, (T,) you suppress the ء, [i. e. the radical ء, and with it the conjunctive ا preceding it,] contr. to rule, and say, مُرْهُ بِكَذَا [Command, or order, or bid, or enjoin, thou him to do such a thing]; like as you say, كُلْ and خُذْ: when, however, it is preceded by a conjunction, the practice commonly obtaining is, to restore the وَأْمُرْ بِكَذَا, agreeably with analogy, and thus to say, أَمُرْ بِكَذَا. (Msb.) b2: [You say also, أَمَرَ بِهِ فَقُتِلَ He gave an order respecting him, and accordingly he was slain. And أَمَرَ لَهُ بِكَذَا He ordered that such a thing should be done, or given, to him.] b3: In the Kur [xvii. 17], أَمَرْنَا مُتْرَفِيهَا فَفَسَقُوا فِيهَا, so accord. to most of the readers, (T, &c.,) means We commanded [its luxurious inhabitants] to obey, but they transgressed therein, or departed from the right way, or disobeyed: (Fr, T, S, &c.:) so says Aboo-Is-hák; adding that, although one says, أَمَرتُ زَيْدًا فَضَرَبَ عَمْرًا, meaning I commanded Zeyd to beat 'Amr, and he beat him, yet one also says, أَمَرْتُكَ فَعَصَيْتَنِى [I commanded thee, but thou disobeyedst me]: or, accord. to some, the meaning is, We multiplied its luxurious inhabitants; (T;) and this is agreeable with another reading, namely, ↓ آمَرْنَا; (TA;) and a reading of El-Hasan, namely, أَمِرْنَا, like عَلِمْنَا, may be a dial. var., of the same signification: (M:) see 4, in two places: or it may be from الإِمَارَةُ; (S, TA;) [in which case it seems that we should read ↓ أَمَّرْنَا; or, perhaps, أَمَرْنَا: see 2:] Abu-l-'Áliyeh reads ↓ أَمَّرْنَا, and this is agreeable with the explanation of I'Ab, who says that the meaning is, We made its chiefs to have authority, power, or dominion. (TA.) b4: أَمَرَهُ, aor. ـُ also signifies He commanded, ordered, bade, or enjoined, him to do that which it behooved him to do. (A.) [He counselled, or advised, him.] One says, مُرْنِى, meaning Counsel thou me; advise thou me. (A.) b5: أَمَرَ بِاقْتِنَاصٍ, said of a wild animal, means He rendered the beholder desirous of capturing him. (M.) A2: أَمَرَ, (As, Fr, Th, T, S, M, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (Msb, TA;) and أَمُرَ, aor. ـُ (S, M, IKtt, K;) and أَمِرَ, aor. ـَ (M, K, and several other authorities; but by some this is disallowed; TA;) inf. n. أَمْرٌ (K) and إِمْرَةٌ (S) and إِمَارَةٌ; (As, T, S;) or the second is a simple subst.; (K;) or perhaps it is meant in the S that this and the third are quasi-inf. ns.; (MF;) He had, or held, command; he presided as a commander, governor, lord, prince, or king; (M, Msb, K;) he became an أَمِير; (As, T, S;) عَلَى

القَوْمِ over the people. (M, * Msb, K.) [See also 5.]

أَمَرَ فُلَانٌ وَأُمِرَ عَلَيْهِ, or عليه ↓ وأُمِّرَ, (as in different copies of the S,) [Such a one has held command and been commanded,] is said of one who has been a commander, or governor, after having been a subject of a commander, or governor; meaning such a one is a person of experience; or one who has been tried, or proved and strengthened, by experience. (S.) A3: أَمَرَهُ as syn. with آمَرَهُ: see 4.

A4: أَمِرَ, (S, M, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) inf. n. أَمَرٌ and أَمْرَة; (M, K, TA; the latter written in the CK اَمْرَة;) and أمُرَ, aor. ـَ (IKtt;) (assumed tropical:) It (a thing, M, Msb, or a man's property, or camels or the like, Abu-l-Hasan and S, and a people, T, S) multiplied; or became many, or much, or abundant; (T, S, M, Msb, K;) and became complete. (M, K.) b2: And the former, (assumed tropical:) His beasts multiplied; or became many; (M, K;) [ as also ↓ آمر; for you say,] بَنُو فُلَانٍ ↓ آمر, inf. n. إِيمَارٌ, (assumed tropical:) The property, or camels or the like, of the sons of such a one multiplied; or became many, or abundant. (M.) A5: أَمِرَ الأَمْرُ, (Akh, S, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. أَمَرٌ, (Akh, S,) (assumed tropical:) The affair, or case, (i. e., a man's affair, or case, Akh, S,) became severe, distressful, grievous, or afflictive. (Akh, S, K.) 2 أمّرهُ, inf. n. تَأْمِيرٌ, He made him, or appointed him, commander, governor, lord, prince, or king. (S, * Mgh, Msb.) [And it seems to be indicated in the S that ↓ أَمَرَهُ, without teshdeed, signifies the same.] See 1, in three places. Yousay also, أُمِّرَعَلَيْنَا (A, TA) He was made, or appointed, commander, &c., over us. (TA.) b2: Also He appointed him judge, or umpire. (Mgh.) b3: أمّر القَنَاةَ (assumed tropical:) He affixed a spear-head to the cane or spear. (T, M.) [See also the pass. part. n., below.] b4: أمّرأَمَارَةٍ He made [a thing] a sign, or mark, to show the way. (T.) 3 آمرهُ فِي أَمْرِهِ, (T, * S, M, Msb,) inf. n. مُؤَامَرَةٌ, (S, K,) He consulted him respecting his affair, or case; (T, * S, M, Msb, K, * TA;) as also وَامَرَهُ; (TA;) or this is not a chaste form; (IAth, TA;) or it is vulgar; (S, TA;) and ↓ استأمرهُ, (M,) inf. n. اسْتِئْمَارٌ; (S, K;) and ↓ ائتمرهُ, (T,) inf. n. ائتِمَارٌ. (S, K.) It is said in a trad., آمِرُوا النِّسَآءَ فِى أَنْفُسِهِنَّ Consult ye women respecting themselves, as to marrying them. (TA.) And in another trad., آمَرَتْ نَفْسَهَا, meaning She consulted herself, or her mind; as also ↓ استأمرت نفسها. (TA.) [See another ex. voce نَفْسٌ. and see also 8.]4 آمر, inf. n. إِيمَارٌ: see 1, last sentence but one, in two places.

A2: آمْرٌ; (S, M, Msb, K;) and ↓ أَمَرَهُ, (S, M, Msb, K,) accord. to some, (M,) aor. ـُ (Msb, K,) inf. n. أَمْرٌ; (Msb;) both signifying the same accord. to AO, (S,) or A 'Obeyd, (TA,) but the latter is of weak authority, (K,) or is not allowable; (M;) and, accord. to El-Hasan's reading of xvii. 17 of the Kur, (see 1,) ↓ أَمِرَهُ also; (M;) (assumed tropical:) He (a man) multiplied it; or made it many, or much, or abundant: (S, Msb:) He (God) multiplied, or made many or much or abundant, his progeny, and his beasts: (M, K:) and آمر مَالَهُ (assumed tropical:) He (God) multiplied, &c., his property, or camels or the like. (S.) A3: See also 1, first sentence, in two places.5 تأمّر He became made, or appointed, commander, governor, lord, prince, or king; (Msb;) he received authority, power, or dominion; عَلَيْهِمْ over them. (S, K.) [See also أَمَرَ.] b2: See also 8.6 تَاَاْمَرَ see 8, in three places.8 ائتمر [written with the disjunctive alif اِيتَمَرَ] He obeyed, or conformed to, a command; (S, * M, Mgh, K; *) he heard and obeyed. (Msb.) You say, ائتمر بِخَيْرٍ, meaning He was as though his mind commanded him to do good and he obeyed the command. (M.) And [you use it transitively, saying,] ائتمر الأَمْرَ He obeyed, or conformed to, the command. (S.) And لَا يَأْتَمِرُ رُشْدًا He will not do right of his own accord. (A.) Imra el-Keys says, (S,) or En-Nemir Ibn-Towlab, (T,) وَيَعْدُو عَلَى المَرْءِ مَا يَأْتَمِرْ [And that which man obeys wrongs him, or injures him]; meaning, that which his own soul commands him to do, and which he judges to be right, but in which often is found his destruction: (S:) or, accord. to KT, that evil which man purposes to do: (T:) or that which man does without consideration, and without looking to its result. (A 'Obeyd, T.) [See what follows.] b2: He undertook a thing without consulting; (KT, T;) as though his soul, or mind, ordered him to do it and he obeyed it: (TA:) he followed his own opinion only. (Mgh.) One says, أَمَرْتُهُ فأْتَمَرَ وَأَبَى

أَنْ يَأْتَمِرَ, (A, Mgh,) meaning I commanded him, but he followed his own opinion only, and refused to obey. (Mgh.) b3: He formed an opinion, and consulted his own mind, and determined upon it. (Sh, T.) And ائتمر رَأْيَهُ He consulted his own mind, or judgment, respecting what was right for him to do. (Sh, T.) b4: ائتمروا, (A, Msb,) inf. n. ائْتِمَارٌ; (S, K;) and ↓ تآمروا, (A,) inf. n. تَآمُرٌ, of the measure تَفَاعُلٌ; (S;) and ↓ تأمّروا, (TA,) inf. n. تَأَمُّرٌ; (K;) They consulted together: (S, * A, Msb, K: *) or ائتمروا and ↓ تآمروا signify they commanded, ordered, bade, or enjoined, one another; like as one says, اقتتلوا and تقاتلوا, and اختصموا and تخاصموا: (T:) or ائتمروا عَلَى الأَمْرِ and عَلَيْهِ ↓ تآمروا, they determined, or settled, their opinions respecting the affair, or case: (M:) and ائتمروا بِهِ, (S, Msb,) inf. n. as above, (K,) signifies they purposed it, (S, Msb, K, *) namely, a thing, (Msb, K,) and consulted one another respecting it. (S.) It is said in the Kur [lxv. 6], وَأْتَمِرُوا بَيْنَكُمْ بِمَعْرُوفٍ And command ye, or enjoin ye, one another to do good: [such is app. the meaning,] but God best knoweth: (T:) or, accord. to KT, purpose ye among yourselves to do good. (TA.) And in the same [xxviii. 19], إِنَّ الْمَلَأَ يَأْتَمِرُونَ بِكَ لِيَقْتُلوُكَ, meaning Verily the chiefs command one another respecting thee, to slay thee: (Zj, T:) or consult together against thee, to slay thee: (AO, T:) or purpose against thee, to slay thee: (KT, T:) but the last but one of these explanations is better than the last. (T.) b5: See also 3. b6: Accord. to El-Bushtee, ائتمرهُ also signifies He gave him permission: but this has not been heard from an Arab. (Az, TA.) 10 إِسْتَاْمَرَ see 3, in two places.

أَمْرٌ A command; an order; a bidding; an injunction; a decree; an ordinance; a prescript: (S, * Msb, * TA, &c.:) pl. أَوَامِرُ: (S, Msb, &c.:) so accord. to common usage; and some writers of authority justify and explain it by saying that أَمْرٌ is [originally] مَأْمُوُرٌ بِهِ; that it is then changed to the measure فَاعِلٌ; [i. e., to آمِرٌ;] like أَمْرٌ عَارِفٌ, which is originally مَعْرُوفٌ; and عِيشَةٌ راضِيَةٌ, originally مَرْضِيَّةٌ; &c.; [and then, to أَمْرٌ;] and that فَاعِلٌ becomes in the pl. فَوَاعِلُ; so that أَوَامَرُ is the pl. of مَإْمُورٌ: others say that it has this form of pl. to distinguish it from أَمْرٌ in the sense of حَالٌ [&c.], in which sense it has for its pl. أُمُورٌ. (Msb, TA.) [But I think that أَوَامِرُ may be properly and originally pl. of آمِرَةٌ, for آيَةٌ آمِرَةٌ, or the like. MF says that, accord. to the T and M, the pl. of أَمْرٌ in the sense explained in the beginning of this paragraph is أُمُورٌ: but he seems to have founded his assertion upon corrupted copies of those works; for in the M, I find nothing on this point; and in the T, not, as he says, الأَمْرُضِدُّ النَّهْىَ وَاحِدُ الأُمُور, but قَالَ اللَّيْثُ الأَمْرُ مَعْرُوفٌ نَقِيضُ النَّهْىِ وَاحِدُ الأُمُورِ, evidently meaning that أَمْرٌ signifies the contr. of نَهْىٌ, and is also, in another sense, the sing. of أُمُورٌ.] [Hence,] أُولُو الأَمْرِ Those who hold command or rule, and the learned men. (M, K. [See Kur iv. 62.]) and أَمْرُاللّٰهِ The threatened punishment of God: so in the Kur x. 25, and xi. 42, and xvi.1; in which last place occur the words, أَتَي أَمْرُ اللّٰهِ فَلَا تَسْتَعْجِلُوهُ, meaning The threatened punishment ordained of God hath, as it were, come: so near is it, that it is as though it had already come: therefore desire not ye to hasten it. (Zj, M, TA.) And The purpose of God. (Bd and Jel in lxv. 3; &c.) and الأَمْرُ قَرِيبٌ The resurrection, or the time thereof, is near. (Mgh, from a trad.) And مَا فَعَلْتُهُ عَنْ

أَمْرِى, in the Kur xviii. 81, I did it not of my own judgment: (Bd:) or, of my own choice. (Jel.) [Hence also الأَمْرُ, in grammar, signifies The imperative form of a verb.] b2: Also A thing; an affair; a business; a matter; a concern: a state, of a person or thing, or of persons or things or affairs or circumstances; a condition; a case: an accident; an event: an action: syn. شَأْنٌ: (M, F, TA:) and حَالٌ, (Msb, TA,) and حَالَةٌ: (Msb:) and حَادِثَةٌ: (K:) and فِعْلٌ: (MF, TA:) and a thing that is said; a saying: ( TA voce أُولُو, at the end of art. ال:) pl. أُمُورٌ; (S, M, K, &c.;) its only pl. in the senses here explained. (TA.) You say, أَمْرُ فُلَانٍ مُسْتَقِيمٌ [The affair, or the like, of such a one is in a right state]: and امُورُهُ مُسْتَقِيمَةٌ [His affairs are in a right state]. (S, A.) And شَتَّتَ أَمْرَهُ He dissipated, disorganized, disordered, unsettled, or broke up, his state of things, or affairs. (As, TA in art. شعب.) [امر seems to be here used, as in many other instances, rather in the sense of the pl. than in that of the sing.] b3: أَمْرٌ كُلِّىٌّ [A universal, or general, prescript, rule, or canon]. (Msb voce قَاعِدَةٌ, KT voce قَانُونٌ, &c.) إِمْرٌ a subst. from أَمِرَالِأَمْرُ in the sense of اِشْتَدَّ; (S;) or a subst. from أَمِرَ as signifying كَثُرَ and تَمَّ; (M;) (assumed tropical:) [A severe, a distressful, a grievous, or an afflictive, thing: or] a terrible, and foul, or very foul, thing: or a wonderful thing. (TA,) Hence, [used as an epithet, like أَمِرٌ, q. v.,] in the Kur [xviii. 70], لَقَدْ جِئْتَ شَيْئًا إِمْرًا (assumed tropical:) Verily thou hast done a severe, a distressful, a grievous, or an afflictive, thing: (S:) or a terrible, and foul, or very foul, thing: (TA:) or a wonderful thing: (S:) or an abominable, a foul, or an evil, and a wonderful, thing: (Ks, M, K: *) or a terrible and an abominable thing; signifying more than نَكْرًا, [which occurs after, in verse 73,] inasmuch as the [presumed] drowning of the persons in the ship was more abominable than the slaying of one person: (Zj, T:) or a crafty, and an abominable, or a foul, or an evil, and a wonderful, thing; and derived from أَمِرَ القَوْمُ as meaning كَثُرُوا. (Ks.) أَمَرٌ a coll. gen. n. of which أَمَرَةٌ (q. v.) is the n. un.

A2: See also تَأْمُورٌ.

أَمِرٌ: see إِمَّرٌ.

A2: (assumed tropical:) Multiplied; or become many, or much, or abundant. (M, K.) [See أَمِرَ.] Yousay زَرْعٌ أَمِرٌ (assumed tropical:) Abundant seed-produce. (Lh, M.) b2: (assumed tropical:) A man whose beasts have multiplied, or become many or abundant. (M.) (assumed tropical:) A man blessed, or prospered, (Ibn-Buzurj, M, K, *) in his property: (M:) fem. with ة. (Ibn-Buzurj.) and with ة, (assumed tropical:) A woman blessed to her husband [ by her being prolific]: from the signification of كَثْرَةٌ. (M.) A3: (assumed tropical:) Severe; distressful; afflictive. (TA.) [See also إِمْرٌ.]

أَمْرَةٌ A single command, order, bidding, or injunction: as in the saying, لَكَ عَلَىَّ أَمْرَةٌ مُطَاعَةٌ Thou hast authority to give me one command, order, bidding, or injunction, which shall be obeyed by me. (S, M, * A, Msb, K.) You should not say, [in this sense,] إِمْرَةٌ, with kesr. (T, S.) A2: See also إِمْرَةٌ.

إِمْرَةٌ a subst. from أَمَرَ [q. v.]; Possession of command; the office, and authority, of a commander, governor, lord, prince, or king; (M, * Msb, K;) as also ↓ إِمَارَةٌ (Mgh, Msb, K) and ↓ أَمَارَةٌ; (L, K;) but this last is by some disallowed, and is said in the Fs and its Expositions to be unknown. (MF.) It is said in a trad., لَعَلَّكَ سآءَ تْكَ إِمْرَةُ ابْنِ عَمِّكَ Perhaps thy paternal uncle's son's possession of command hath displeased thee. (TA.) b2: [And hence, (assumed tropical:) Increase, or abundance, or the like; as also other forms mentioned in what follows.] You say, فِى وَجْهِ مَالِكَ تَعْرِفُ إِمْرَتَهُ (assumed tropical:) In the face of thy property, [meaning such as consists in camels or the like, and also money,] thou knowest its increase and abundance, and its expense: (S:) or ↓ إِمَّرَتَهُ, and ↓ إِمّرَتَهُ, which latter is a dial. var. of weak authority, and ↓ أَمَّرَتَهُ, i. e., its increase and abundance: (M:) or ↓ إِمَّرَتَهُ as meaning its prosperous state; as also ↓ أَمَارَتَهُ, and ↓ أَمْرَتَهُ: (Ibn-Buzurj:) accord. to AHeyth, who reads ↓ تُعْرَفُ إِمَّرَتُهُ, the meaning is, its decrease; but the correct meaning is, its increase, as Fr explains it. (T, TA.) It is said respecting anything of which one knows what is good in it at first sight: (Lh, M:) and means, on a thing's presenting itself, thou knowest its goodness. (T.) One says also, ↓ مأَحْسَنَ أَمَارَتَهُمْ (assumed tropical:) How good is their multiplying, and the multiplying of their offspring and of their number! (M.) And ↓ لَا جَعَلَ اللّٰهُ فِيهِ إِمَّرَةً (assumed tropical:) May God not make an increase to be therein. (T.) أَمَرَةٌ Stones: (K:) [or a heap of stones:] or it is the n. un. of أَمَرٌ, which signifies stones: (M:) or the latter signifies stones set up in order that one may be directed thereby to the right way: (Ham p. 409:) and the former also signifies a hill; (M, K;) and أَمَرٌ is [used as] its pl.: (M:) and a sign, or mark, by which anything is known; (M, K;) as also ↓ أَمَارٌ and ↓ أَمَارَةٌ; (As, S;) and أَمَرٌ is [used as] its pl. in this sense also: (M:) or a sign, or mark, set up to show the way; (AA, Fr;) as also ↓ أَمَارٌ and ↓ أَمَارَهٌ: (K:) or a small sign, or mark, of stones, to show the way, in a waterless desert; (S;) as also ↓ أَمَارٌ [and ↓ أَمَارَةٌ]; and any sign, or mark, that is prepared: (TA:) or a structure like a مَنَارَة [here app. meaning a tower of a mosque], upon a mountain, wide like a house or tent, and larger, of the height of forty times the stature of a man, made in the time of 'Ád and Irem; in some instances its foundation being like a house, though it consists only of stones piled up, one upon another, cemented together with mud, appearing as though it were of natural formation: (ISh, T:) the pl. (in all the senses above, K) [or rather the coll. gen. n.,] is أَمَرٌ. (S, K.) A2: See also إِمْرَةٌ.

أَمَارٌ and ↓ أَمَارَةٌ A sign, mark, or token. (As, S Mgh.) See also each voce أَمَرَةٌ, in three places. You say, هِى أَمَارَةُ مَا بَيْنِى وَبَيْنَكَ It is a sign, or token, of what is between me and thee. (T, * TA.) And a poet says, إِذَا طَلَعَتْ شَمْسُ النَّهَارِ فَإِنَّهَا

أَمَارَةُ تَسْلِيمِى عَلَيْكِ فَسَلِّمِى

[When the sun of day rises, it is a sign of my saluting thee, therefore do thou salute]. (TA.) b2: Also A time: (As, S, K:) so IAar explains the latter word, not particularizing the time as definite or otherwise: (M:) or a definite time: (TA:) or a time, or place, of promise or appointment; an appointed time or place; syn. مَوْعِدٌ: (M, Mgh, K:) or, accord. to some, the former word is pl. [or rather col. gen. n.] of the latter. (TA.) El-'Ajjáj says, إِذْ رَدَّهَا بِكَيْدِهِ فَارْتَدَّتِ

إِلَي أَمَارٍ وَأَمَارِ مُدَّتِى

When He (meaning God) brings it, ( namely my soul,) by his skilful ordering, and his power, [and it is thus brought, or it thus comes, to a set time, and] to the time of the end of my appointed period: امارمدّتى being as above; the former word being prefixed to the latter, governing it in the gen. case. (IB. [In the S we find وَأَمَارٌ مُدَّتِى.]) أَمُورٌ [an intensive epithet from أَمَرَهُ]. You say, إِنَّهُ لَأَمُورٌ بِالْمَعْروفِ وَنَهُوٌّ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ Verily he is one who strongly commands, or enjoins, good conduct, and who strongly forbids evil conduct. (S in art. نهى, and A. *) أَمِيرٌ One having, holding, or possessing, command; (S;) a commander; a governor; a lord; (M, * Msb;) a prince, or king: (M, K:) fem. with ة: (S, K:) pl. إُمَرَآءُ. (M, Msb, K.) b2: A leader of the blind. (M, K.) So in the saying of El-Aashà: إِذَاكَانَ هَادِى الفَتَى فِى البِلَا دِصَدْرَ القَنَاةِ أَطَاعَ الأَمِيرَا [When the young man's guide in the countries, or lands, or the like, is the top of the cane, he obeys the leader of the blind]. (M.) b3: A woman's husband. (A.) b4: A neighbour. (K.) b5: A person with whom one consults: (A, K:) any one of whom one begs counsel, or advice, in a case of fear. (TA.) You say, هُوَ أَمِيرِى He is the person with whom I consult. (A.) أَمَارَةٌ: see إِمْرَةٌ, in three places: b2: and see also أَمَرَةٌ, in three places; and أَمَارٌ.

إِمَارَةِ: see إِمْرَةٌ. b2: الإِمَارَةُ is also used for صَاحِبُ الإمَارَةِ, i. e. الأَمِيرُ. (Mgh.) أَمَّرٌ: see the next paragraph, in two places.

إِمَّرٌ A man who consults every one respecting his case; as also ↓ أَمِرٌ and ↓ أَمَّارَةٌ: (M:) or a man resembling [in stupidity] a kid: [see the latter part of this paragraph:] (Th, M:) or, as also ↓ إِمَّرَةٌ (S, M, K, &c.) and ↓ أَمَّرٌ and ↓ أَمَّرَةٌ, (K,) a man having weak judgment, (S, K,) stupid, (T, M,) or weak, without judgment, (M, L,) or without intellect, or intelligence, (T,) who obeys the command of every one, (T, S,) who complies with what every one desires to do in all his affairs; (K;) a stupid man, of weak judgment, who says to another, Command me to execute thine affair. (IAth.) It is said in a trad., مَنْ يُطِعْ إِمَّرَةً لَا يَأْكُلْ ثَمَرَةً [He who obeys a stupid man, &c., shall not eat fruit: or the meaning is] he who obeys a stupid woman shall be debarred from good. (IAth.) ↓ إِمَّرَةٌ is applied to a woman and to a man: when it is applied to a man, the ة is added to give intensiveness to the signification. (ISh.) The following saying, إِذَا طَلَعَتِ الشِّعْرَى

وَلَا إِمَّرًا, ↓ سَفَرًا فَلَا تُرْسِلْ فِيهَا إِمَّرَةً, in rhyming prose, means [When Sirius rises in the clear twilight,] send not thou among them (meaning the camels) a man without intelligence [in a great degree, nor one who is so in a less degree; or a woman without intelligence, nor a man without intelligence;] to manage them. (Sh.) b2: Also, (M, K,) and ↓ إِمَّرَةٌ and ↓ أَمَّرَ and ↓ أُمَّرٌ, (K,) A young lamb: (M, K:) or the first (إِمَرٌ) and the second, a young kid: (M, TA:) or the former of these two, a male lamb: (M, TA:) or a young male lamb: (S:) and the latter of them, a female lamb: (M, TA:) or a young female lamb. (S, M.) One says, ↓ مَا لَهُ إِمَّرٌ وَلَا إِمَّرَةٌ, meaning He has not a male lamb nor a female lamb: (M, TA:) or he has not anything. (T, S, M.) أَمَّرَةٌ: see إِمَّرٌ, in two places.

إِمَّرَةٌ: see إِمَّرٌ, in six places: A2: and see إِمْرَةٌ, in four places.

إِمّرَةٌ: see إِمْرَةٌ.

أَمَّارٌ [Wont to command]. [Hence,] النَّفْسُ الأَمَّارَةُ [The soul that is wont to command]; (A;) the soul that inclines to the nature of the body, that commands to the indulgence of pleasures and sensual appetites, drawing the heart downwards, so that it is the abode of evils, and the source of culpable dispositions. (KT.) [See نَفْسٌ.]

أَمَّارَةٌ fem. of أَمَّارٌ [q. v.]. b2: See also إِمَّرٌ.

آمِرٌ [act. part. n. of أَمَرَهُ.] b2: آمِرٌ and ↓ مُؤْتَمِرٌ Two days, (S,) the last, (K,) the former being the sixth, and the latter the seventh, (M,) of the days called أَيَّامُ الَجُوزِ: (S, M, K: [but see عَجُوزٌ:]) as though the former commanded men to be cautious, and the latter consulted them as to whether they should set forth on a journey or stay at home: (S:) accord. to Az, the latter is applied as an epithet to the day as meaning يُؤْتَمَرُفِيهِ. (TA.) تَأْمُرِىُّ: see تَأْمُورٌ, in two places.

تُؤْمُرِىٌّ, and without ء: see تَأْمُورٌ, in six places.

تَأْمُورٌ and ↓ تَأْمُورَةٌ are properly mentioned in this art.; the measure of the former being تَفْعُولٌ; (K;) and that of the latter, تَفْعْلولَةٌ: (TA:) not as J has imagined; [who writes them without ء, and mentions them in art. تمر;] (K;) their measures accord. to him being فَاعُولٌ and فَاعُولَةٌ. (TA.) [But in all the senses here explained, they appear to be with and without ء.] b2: The former signifies The soul: (S in art. تمر, where it is written without ء; and M, A, K:) because it is that which is wont to command. (A.) One says, قَدْ عَلِمَ تَأْمُورُكَ ذلِكَ Thy soul, or self, hath known that. (Az, and T in art. تمر.) b3: The intellect: (M:) as in the saying, عَرَفْتُهُ بِتَأْمُورِي I knew it by my intellect. (M in art. تمر, without ء; and TA.) You say also, هُوَ ابْنُ تَأْمُورِهَا, meaning He is the knowing with respect to it. (TA in art. بني.) b4: The heart, (T in art. تمر without ء, and M, A, K,) itself. (M, TA.) Hence the saying, حَرْفٌ فِى تَأْمُورِى خَيْرٌ مِنْ عَشَرَةٍ فى وِ عَائِكَ [One word in my heart is better than ten in thy receptacle]. (T in art. تمر, and TA.) b5: The pericardium. (M in art. تمر, without ء.) b6: The core, or black or inner part, or clot of blood, (حَبَّة, M, K, or عَلَقَة, TA,) and life, and blood, of the heart: (M, K:) or blood, (As, S, M, in art. تمر, and K,) absolutely: (TA:) and تَأْمُورُ النَّفْسِ signifies the life-blood: (As, S:) or the blood of the body: (S in art. نفس:) and the life of the soul. (M, K.) b7: Also, as being likened to blood, (TA,) (tropical:) Wine; and so ↓ تَأْمُورَةٌ: (M, K:) and b8: (tropical:) A dye: (M, TA:) and b9: (tropical:) Saffron. (As, K.) b10: [Hence also,] (tropical:) Water. (M, K.) You say, مَا فىِ الرَّكِيَّةِ تَامُورٌ, (T, S in art. تمر, and M,) or تَأْمُورٌ, (A,) (tropical:) There is not in the well any water. (T, S, M, A.) A2: The wezeer (وَزِير) of a king: (M, K:) because his command is effectual. (TA.) A3: Any one: as in the saying, مَابِهَا تَأْمُورٌ, (T in art. تمر, A, K,) as also ↓ تُؤْمُورٌ, (T in art. تمر, and K,) each with an augmentative ت, and without ء as well as with it, accord. to Er-Radee and others, (TA,) and ↓ تَأْمُرِىُّ, and ↓ تَأْمُورِىُّ, (M,) and ↓ تُؤْمُرِىُّ, (T in art. تمر, M, TA,) or without ء, (S, M, K, in art. تمر,) and ↓ أَمَرٌ, (M, K,) There is not in it (i. e. in the house, الدار, M, A, TA) any one. (M, A, K, and T and S in art. تمر.) You say also, خَلَآءٌ بِلَادٌ

↓ لَيْسَ فِيهَاتُومُرِىٌّ Vacant regions wherein is not any one. (S in art. تمر.) ↓ تُؤْمُرِىٌّ (M, K) and ↓ تُومُرِىٌّ (S in art. تمر) and ↓ تَأْمُورِىٌّ and ↓ تَأْمُرِيٌّ (M, K) also signify A man, or human being. (S, * M, K.) You say, speaking of a beautiful woman, أَحْسَنَ مِنْهَا ↓ مَا رَأَيْتُ تُومُرِيَّا I have not seen a human being, or creature, more beautiful than she: (S and M in art. تمر:) and مَا رَأَيْتُ

أَحْسَنَ مِنْهُ ↓ تُومُرِيَّا [I have not seen a man more beautiful than he]. (T and S in art. تمر.) Accord. to some, they are used only in negative phrases; but accord. to others, they are also used in such as are affirmative. (MF.) b2: Also Anything: as in the saying أَكَلَ الذِّئْبُ الشَّاةَ فَمَا تَرَكَ مِنْهَا تَامُورًا [The wolf ate the sheep, or goat, and left not of it anything]. (T and S in art. تمر.) A4: A child, young one, or fœtus syn. وَلَدٌ. (M, K.) A5: The receptacle (وِعَآء) of the child, young one, or fœtus. (M in art. تمر, without ء; and K.) b2: A وِعَآء [in the ordinary sense; i. e. a bag, or receptacle, for travelling-provisions and for goods or utensils &c.]. (M, K.) Hence the saying, أَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ بِتَأْمُورِكَ Thou art best acquainted with what thou hast with thee; and with thine own mind. (M.) b3: Also, (K,) and ↓ تَأْمُورَةٌ, (M, [in which the former is not given in the following senses,] and K,) or ↓ تَامُورَةٌ, (S in art. تمر,) A ewer, syn. إِبْرِيقٌ, (S, M, K,) for wine: (S:) and, (M, K,) or, as some say, (TA,) a حُقَّة (M, K, TA) in which wine is put. (TA.) b4: Also the first, (M, K,) or ↓ third, (T and S in art. تمر,) The chamber, or cell, (صَوْمَعَة, T and M in art. تمر, without ء, and S and K, and نامُوى, M, K,) of a monk. (M, K.) b5: And hence, (TA,) the first, (K,) and ↓ second, (M, K,) or ↓ third, of these three words, (T and S, in art. تمر,) (tropical:) The covert, or retreat, of a lion. (T, S, M, K.) Whence, ↓ فُلَانٌ أَسَدٌ فِى تَامُورَتِهِ (tropical:) Such a one is a lion in his covert: (T and S in art. تمر:) a saying borrowed from 'Amr Ibn-Maadee-Kerib: (T and S ibid:) or, accord. to some, it means, a lion in the greatness of his courage, and in his heart. (TA.) A6: Also (i. e. the first only) Play, or sport, of girls or of boys. (Th, M in art. تمر without ء, and K.) A7: See also يَأْمُورٌ.

تُؤْمُورٌ A sign, or mark, set up to show the way in a waterless desert; (K, TA;) consisting of stones piled up, one upon another: (TA:) pl. تَآمِيرُ. (K.) [See أَمَرَةٌ.]

A2: See also تَأْمُورٌ.

تَأْمُورَةٌ, and without ء: see تَأْمُورٌ, in eight places. b2: Also The pericardium; the integument (غِلَاف) of the heart. (S in art. تمر: there written without ء.) تَأْمُورِىٌّ: see تَأْمُورٌ, in two places.

مِئْمَرٌ Counsel; advice: as in the saying, فُلَانٌ بَعِيدٌ مِنَ المِئْمَرِ قَرِيبٌ مِنَ المِئْبَرِ Such a one is far from counsel, or advice: near to calumny, or slander. (A.) مُؤَمَّرٌ Made, or appointed, commander, governor, lord, prince, or king: (S, M, K: *) made to have authority, power, or dominion: (T, M, K:) in which latter sense it is explained by Khálid, as applied by Ibn-Mukbil to a spear. (T.) b2: (assumed tropical:) A cane, or spear-shaft, having a spearhead affixed to it. (K.) b3: (assumed tropical:) A spear-head (T, TA) sharpened; syn. مُحَدَّدٌ. (T, M, K, TA.) b4: Distinguished, or defined, (مُحَدَّدٌ,) by signs, or marks: (TA:) or, as some say, (TA,) marked with a hot iron; syn. مُوْسُومٌ. (K, TA.) مَأْمُورٌ [pass. part. n. of أَمَرَهُ, q. v.]. b2: It is said in a trad., (S, &c.,) خَيْرُ المَالِ مُهْرَةٌ مَأْمُورَةٌ وَسِكَّةٌ مَأْبُورَةٌ (tropical:) The best of property are a prolific filly [and a row of palm-trees, or perhaps a tall palmtree, fecundated]; (Az, A 'Obeyd, T, S, A, K;) as though the filly were commanded [by God] to be so: (A, in which the epithet مأمورة thus used is said to be tropical:) [or] مأمورة is thus for the sake of conformity to مأبورة, and is originally مُؤْمَرَةٌ, (S, M, * K,) from آمَرَهَا اللّٰهُ: (TA:) or it is a dial. var. of weak authority; (K;) though, accord. to Az, it signifies made to have abundant offspring, from أَمَرَ اللّٰهُ المُهْرَةَ, meaning “God made the filly to have abundant offspring,” a dial. var. of آمَرَهَا, as A 'Obeyd also asserts it to be. (TA.) مَآمِرُ and مَآمِيرُ: see what next follows.

مُؤْتَمِرٌ [Obeying, or conforming to, a command; &c.: see 8. b2: ] One who acts according to his own opinion; (T;) who follows his own opinion only: or who hastes to speak. (M.) A2: See also آمِرٌ. b2: Also, and المُؤْتَمِرُ, [The month which is now commonly called] المُحَرَّمُ: (M, K:) the former appellation (مؤتمر) is that by which the tribe of 'Ád called it: (Ibn-El-Kelbee:) pl. ↓ مَآمِرُ and مَآمِيرُ [both anomalous]. (M, K.) [See شَهْرٌ.]

يَأْمُورٌ; (M, K;) so in all the copies of the K but in the L and other lexicons, ↓ تَأْمُورٌ; (TA;) A certain beast of the sea: or, as some say, a small beast: (M:) and a kind of mountain-goat: (M, K:) or a certain wild beast, (K, TA,) or a beast resembling the mountain-goat, (M,) having a single branching horn in the middle of his head. (M, TA.) [See يَحْمُورٌ, the oryx.]

شيد

1 شَادَهُ, aor. ـِ (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. شَيْدٌ, (S,) He plastered it (a wall) with شِيد, (S, K,) i. e. gypsum, or the like: (K:) he built it (a structure) with شِيد, meaning gypsum. (Msb.) b2: See also 2. b3: شَادُوا الدِّينَ (assumed tropical:) They strengthened and exalted the religion: from شَادَ in the first of the senses expl. above: (Har p. 5:) [or rather from this verb as syn. with شَيَّدَ and أَشَادَ.] b4: See also 4. b5: As inf. n. of شَادَ in the phrase شَادَ بِالإِبِلِ, aor. as above, (TK,) شِيَادٌ signifies (assumed tropical:) The calling camels, (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K, TA,) as also ↓ إِشَادَةٌ, (Ibn-'Abbád, O,) raising the voice in doing so. (TA.) b6: Also, (K,) as inf. n. of the same verb, (TK,) (assumed tropical:) The rubbing perfume with the skin; (K;) as also ↓ تَشَيُّدٌ; in some copies of the K, ↓ تَشْيِيدٌ: (TA:) [the former of these two seems to be the right; and the meaning seems to be, the rubbing the skin with perfume; for,] accord. to AA, one says بِهٰذَا الطِّيبِ ↓ تَشَيَّدْ, meaning Rub thy skin with this perfume. (O.) A2: شَادَ, (said of a man, TA,) aor. as above, (K,) inf. n. شَيْدٌ, (TA,) also signifies He perished, or died. (K.) 2 شيّدهُ, (A, L, Msb, TA,) inf. n. تَشْيِيدٌ, (L, Msb, TA,) He raised it high; (A, Msb, TA;) namely, a palace, (A,) or a building; (Msb, TA;) as also ↓ اشادهُ, (A, L, TA,) and ↓ شَادَهُ: (A: [this last is app. included with the two other verbs, in the A, as having this meaning, which is confirmed, as pertaining to it, by an explanation of its pass. part. n., مَشِيدٌ, q. v.:]) or شيّدهُ [implies a repetition of the act of building: (see مَشِيدٌ:) or] signifies he built it firmly, or strongly, and raised it high. (L.) b2: See also 1.4 اشادهُ: see 2. b2: Hence, (L,) إِشَادَةٌ signifies (tropical:) The raising the voice in saying a thing (Lth, S, L, K) [of any kind, or] such as one's companion dislikes; like تَنْدِيدٌ. (Lth, L.) See also 1. Yousay, اشاد صَوْتَهُ and بِصَوْتِهِ (tropical:) He raised his voice. (A.) And اشاد بِهِ (tropical:) He proclaimed it, or cried it, raising his voice; namely, a stray, or any other thing: (As, L:) (tropical:) he made it known; (AA, S, A, K; *) namely, a stray. (S, K.) And اشاد بِذِكْرِهِ (tropical:) He raised his good fame, by praising him; raised a good report of him: (S, * A, L:) and he raised his ill fame, by dispraising him; raised an evil report of him: and اشادهُ and ↓ شَادَهُ he raised his notoriety or fame. (L.) And اشاد عَلَيْهِ (tropical:) He published against him something disliked, disapproved, or odious: one says, اشاد عَلَيْهِ قَبِيحًا and بِقَبِيحٍ (tropical:) [He published against him something bad, evil, abominable, or foul]. (A.) b3: and إِشَادَةٌ also signifies (tropical:) The act of destroying: (K, TA:) from the same word as syn. with تَنْدِيدٌ. (TA.) 5 تَشَيَّدَ see 1, in two places.

شَيْدٌ, a Pers\. word, [or rather of Pers\. origin, from شَيْدَا,] Possessed; or mad, or insane: or intoxicated. (TA.) شِيدٌ Anything with which a wall is plastered, (S, A, K,) consisting of gypsum and the like; (A, K;) J says, of gypsum or بَلَاط; but this last word is a mistake, [probably originated by an early transcriber of the S,] for مِلَاط, i. e. mud, or clay: (K:) or [peculiarly] gypsum. (Msb.) b2: Az says that some of the Arabs sometimes call thus A حِصْن [i. e. fortress, fort, or fortified place]. (TA.) مَشِيدٌ Plastered with شِيد; and so, as some say, ↓ مُشَيَّدٌ: (T:) or built with gypsum: (Msb:) or made with شيد, (S, A, K,) i. e. gypsum; and so, some say, ↓ مُشَيَّدٌ: (A:) or the latter signifies raised high, or made lofty; (A 'Obeyd, S, A, K;) and so the former, applied to a place, (A,) or building: (TA:) the former has this meaning in the Kur xxii. 44: (Jel:) J says in the S, Ks says, مَشِيدٌ is applied to a sing., from the saying in the Kur, [ubi suprà,] وَقَصْرٍ مَشِيدٍ; and ↓ مُشَيَّدٌ, to a pl., from the saying in the same, [iv. 80,] فِى بُرُوجٍ مُشَيَّدَةٍ: but this is a mistake: what Ks says is that مُشَيَّدَةٌ, with ة and teshdeed, is a pl. [i. e. a lexicological, not a grammatical, pl.] of مُشَيَّدٌ: (IB, K: *) or the saying of Ks [if as quoted in the S] may be expl. accord. to the opinion of those who hold that مَشِيدٌ and مُشَيَّدٌ both signify plastered with شِيد, on the supposition that the Arabs did not use مَشِيدَةٌ as applied to a pl., but only to a sing.: (Az, L:) [for] Fr says that the pass. part. n. of the unaugmented verb only is used when applied to a sing. and not denoting repetition, or muchness; but either this or the pass. part. n. of the verb of the measure فَعَّلَ may be used when applied to a sing. and denoting repetition, or muchness, and when applied to a pl.: thus you say كَبْشٌ مَذْبُوحٌ [“ a slaughtered ram ”]; but not مُذَبَّحٌ; but you may say ثَوْبٌ مُخَرَّقٌ [as meaning “ a garment in which holes have been repeatedly made,” or “ in which many holes have been made,” or “ much pierced with holes,” as well as ثَوْبٌ مَخْرُوقٌ meaning “ a garment in which a hole has been made,” or “ in which holes have been made,”] and كِبَاشٌ مُذَبَّحَةٌ [“ slaughtered rams ”]: and hence you may say ↓ قَصْرٌ مُشَيَّدٌ; because تَشْيِيدٌ denotes building, and the act of building is repeated, and a building becomes high by degrees. (L.) مُشَيَّدٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in four places.