ي

أس1 يَئِسَ, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) مِنَ الشَّىْءِ, (S, A *, Msb,) aor. ـْ and يَيْئِسُ, (S, M, Msb, K,) the latter of which is extr., (Sb, S, M, K,) like يَحْسِبُ, aor. of حَسِبَ, and يَنْعِمُ, aor. of نَعِمَ, (As, S, TA,) and is of the dial. of the higher classes of Mudar, as are also the similar instances, but the former is of the dial. of the lower classes of the Mudar; (Az, S, Msb, TA;) or, as Sb says, accord. to his companions, the verb was originally of two forms, يَئِسَ, aor. ـْ and يَأَسَ, aor. ـْ and a compound [which is يَئِسَ having يَيْئِسُ for its aor. ] was then formed from the two; but as to وَمِقَ, aor. ـِ and وَفِقَ, aor. ـِ and وَرِمَ. aor. ـِ and وَلِىَ, aor. ـِ and وَثِقَ, aor. ـِ and وَرِثَ, aor. ـِ in each of these only one form is allowable, with the kesr; (S, TA;) and some change the second ى of the aor. of يَئِسَ into ا, and say يَايَسُ and يَآءَسُ; (Mbr, S, TA;) and I'Ab reads, in the Kur. xii. 87, يِيئَسُ, after the manner of the dial. of those who pronounce the first letter of the aor. with kesr excepting such as is with ى [for its first letter], (K, TA,) which dial, is that of Temeem and Keys and Hudheyl and Asad; (Ks, Lh, TA;) the case of ى being made an exception by them because kesr with that letter is difficult of pronunciation; (Sb, TA;) but some of the Benoo-Kelb pronounce

ى also with kesr, which is extr.; (Fr, Lb, TA:) and this is done in the instances of يِيئَسُ and يِيجَلُ because one ى is here strengthened by another; (K, TA;) [I find also, in a copy of the M, يَئِيسُ, as an extr. form of the aor. of this verb, on the authority of Sb; but it is doubtless a mistranscription for يِيئَسُ; and there is another evident mistranscription in a quotation from Sb immediately following in that copy, relating to aor. . of the form of يِيئَسُ, which has been rendered correctly above, in the present work, from the TA;] inf. n. يَأْسٌ (S, M, A, Msb, K) and يَأَسٌ, (TA,) or يَآسٌ, (as in a copy of the M,) and يَآسَةٌ; (Ibn-'Abbád, M, K, TA [but in a MS. copy of the K I find it written يَأَسَةٌ; and in the CK, يَأْسَة;]) and إِيَاسٌ is also used as an inf. n. of this verb, though properly an inf. n. of 4; (Msb;) He despaired of the thing; syn. of the inf. n. قُنُوط, (S, A, K,) contr. of رَجَآءٌ: (M, A, K:) or he cut off hope of the thing: (A, K: *) or his hope of the thing became cut off: (Mgh:) and ↓ إِسْتَيْئَسَ signifies the same, (S, A, K,) in like manner followed by مَنْ; (S;) and so does ↓ إِتَّأَسَ, (S, K,) [originally إِيتَأَسَ,] of the measure إِفْتَعَلَ, but with incorporation [of the ى into the ت]. (S.) It is allowable to transpose the letters of يَئِسَ, so as to say أَيِسَ; but not those of the inf. n. (Msb.) There is not a word in the Arabic language commencing with ى followed by ء except يَئِسَ [and its derivatives] (IKtt) [and يَأَيَأَ and its derivatives, and words commencing with an augmentative ى followed by a radical يَاُ^َ]. The expression لَا يَأْسَ مِنْ طُولٍ.

occurring in a description of Mohammad, means that his stature was such as would not make [one] to despair of his height; for he was nearer to tallness than he was to shortness: (K, * TA:) يأس is here an indeterminate noun governed in the accus. case by the negative لا: (TA:) or, accord. to one relation, the words are, لَا يَائِسَ مِنْ طُولٍ, [in the CK, erroneously, لا يايَسُ,] meaning, that his height was not despaired of; i. e., he who vied with him in tallness would not despair of him on account of his excessive height: (K, TA:) so that يَائِس is here in the sense of مَيْؤُوس, like مَآءٌ دَافِقٌ in the sense of مَدْفُوقٌ. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] يَئِسَتْ المَرْأَهُ The woman was, or became, barren. (Msb.) b3: يَئِسَ, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) aor. ـْ and يَيْئِسُ, (M,) also signifies (tropical:) He knew; syn. عَلِمَ; (S, M, A, Msb, K;) in the dial. of En-Nakha'; (S, Msb;) or, accord. to El-Kelbee, (M,) or Ibn-El-Kelbee, (TA,) in the dial. of Wahbeel, a tribe of En-Nakha'; or, accord. to El-Kásim Ibn-Maan, of the dial. of Hawázin. (M, TA.) So in the Kur. [xiii. 30] أَفَلَمْ يَيْئَسِ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا [Do not then those who have believed know?]: (S, M, Msb, K:) or, accord. to some of the lexicologists, do not then those who have believed know with a knowledge wherewith they despair of its being otherwise than what they know? or the meaning is, do not then those who have believed despair of the belief of those whom God has described as those who will not believe? (M, TA;) but I' Ab (M, TA) and 'Alee and others (TA) used to read أَفَلَمْ يَتَبَيَّنِ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا; and I'Ab said that he thought that the writer had written يَيْئَس in a state of drowsiness. (M *, TA.) Soheym Ibn-Wetheel El-Yarboo'ee also uses the verb in this sense, in a verse cited in art. يسر, voce يَسَرَ, q. v. (S, M *). [Z-says,] Yousay, قَدْ يَئِسْتُ أَنَّكَ رَجُلُ صِدْقٍ, meaning, (tropical:) I have known [that thou art a good man], because with eager desire is restlessness, and with the cessation thereof is quiet and tranquility; wherefore it is said, اليَأْسُ أَحَدُ الرَّاحَتَيْنِ [Despair is one of the two states of rest.] (A, TA.) 4 أَيْأَسَــهُ, (S, M, A, Mgh, K,) inf. n. إِيَاسٌ, (L, Mgh, Msb,) of the same measure as كِتَابٌ, (Msb,) originally إِيْآسٌ, (L, Msb,) like إِيْعَاسٌ, (L,) and إِيْمَانٌ, (Msb,) He made him to despair: (S, M, A, K:) or to cut off hope: (A:) or to cease to have hope: (Mgh:) مَنْ كَذَا of such a thing: (S:) as also ↓ آيَسَهُ [from أَيِسَ]. (Mgh, K.) b2: [Hence,] أَيْأُسَــهَا اللّٰهُ God made her to be, or become, barren. (Msb.) 8 إِيْتَاَ^َ see 1.10 إِسْتَيْاَ^َ see 1.

يَأَسٌ Phthisis, or consumption; syn. سِلٌّ; (M, K;) because he who is affected by it is despaired of; (M;) or [because] the first who was affected by it was اليَأَسُ, (K, TA,) or إِلْيَاس, (TA,) the son of Mudar the son of Nizár: (K, TA:) or, as Suh says, in the R, this disease was called دَآءُ يَاس, or دَآءُ إِلْيَاسَ, because الياس the son of Mudar died of it. (TA.) يَؤُسٌ: see يَائِسٌ.

يَؤُوسٌ: see يَائِسٌ.

يَئِيسٌ: see يَائِسٌ.

يَائِسٌ (M, Mgh, Msb) and ↓ يَئِيس (M) and ↓ يَؤُوسٌ (S, M, A, K) and ↓ يَؤُسٌ (M, K) Despairing: (S, M, A, Mgh, K:) but the third has an intensive signification, (Bd, xli. 49,) [and so the last.]

يَائِسَةٌ, A barren woman. (Msb.) مَيْؤُوسٌ مِنْهُ Despaired of. (M, Mgh, Msb. *)

قد

1 قَدَّهُ, aor. ـُ (S, M, O, L, Msb,) inf. n. قَدٌّ; (S, M, A, O, L, Msb, K;) and ↓ قدّدهُ, (M, L,) [but this app. has an intensive signification, or denotes repetition of the action, or its relation to several objects,] inf. n. تَقْدِيدٌ; (L, K;) and ↓ اقتدّهُ, (M, L,) inf. n. اِقْتِدَادٌ; (K;) He cut it in an enlongated form; or lengthwise: (IDrd, M, L, K:) or slit, split, clave, rent, or divided, it, (namely, a thong, &c., S, O, L, and a garment, or piece of cloth, L,) lengthwise: (S, M, A, O, L, Msb, K:) and he cut it off entirely: (M, L, K:) or he cut it, or cut it off, in an absolute sense: (TA:) he cut it, namely, a skin: and he rent it, namely, a garment, or piece of cloth, or the like. (L.) One says, ضَرَبَهُ بِالسَّيْفِ فَقَدَّهُ بِنِصْفَيْنِ [He smote him with the sword and clave him in halves,] (L, Msb, *) or قَدَّهُ نِصْفَيْنِ. (A.) And قَدَّ القَلَمَ وَقَطَّهُ [He slit the writing-reed, and nibbed it, or cut off its point breadthwise, or crosswise]: (A, TA:) [for] قَطَّهُ is opposed to قَدَّهُ: (S and TA in art. قط:) and both of these verbs occur in a trad. describing 'Alee's different modes of cutting [with the sword] when contracting himself and when stretching himself up. (TA.) b2: And [hence] قَدَّ, (S, M, A, L,) inf. n. قَدٌّ, (M, L, K,) (tropical:) He clave, cut through by journeying, or passed through, the desert, (S, M, A, O, L, K,) and the night. (M, L) b3: and قَدَّ بِهِ الطَّرِيقُ, (so in a copy of the M,) or قَدَّتْهُ الطَّرِيقُ, (so in the L and TA,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (M, L, TA,) i. q. قَطَعَهُ (M) or قَطَعَتْهُ (L, TA) (tropical:) [The road cut him off, app. from his companions, or from the object of his journey: compare قَطَعَ بِهِ and قُطِعَ بِهِ]. b4: And قَدَّ الكَلَامَ, (M, L,) inf. n. as above, (M, L, K,) i. q. قَطَعَهُ (M, L, K *) and شَقَّهُ (M, L) [both of which explanations may here mean, as قَطَعَ الكَلَامَ generally does, (assumed tropical:) He cut short, or broke off, the speech; or ceased from speaking: or both may here mean, as قَطَعَ الكَلَامَ sometimes does, he articulated speech, or the speech: compare this latter rendering with an explanation of شَقَّقَ الكَلَامَ]. b5: [قَدَّهُ also signifies He cut it out, or shaped it, in any manner, whether lengthwise or otherwise; like قَتَّهُ: see this latter, and a verse cited as an ex. of its inf. n.: and see also a saying near the end of the first paragraph of art. فرى. Hence] قُدَّ فُلَانٌ قَدَّ السَّيْفِ [Such a one was shaped with the shaping of the sword] means (tropical:) such a one was made goodly, or beautiful, in respect of التَّقْطِيع [i. e. conformation, or proportion, &c., like as is the sword]. (S, O, L, TA.) [See also قَدٌّ, below.] b6: And قُدّ means also (assumed tropical:) He suffered a pain [app. what may be termed a cutting pain] in the belly, called قُدَاد. (M, L, K.) 2 قَدَّّ see 1, first sentence. b2: [Hence,] قدّد, (as implied in the L,) or قدّد اللَّحْمَ, (A, O, *) inf. n. تَقْدِيدٌ, (O, L,) He made قَدِيد [i. e. he cut flesh-meat into strips, or oblong pieces, and spread them in the sun, or salted them and spread them in the sun, to dry]. (L.) A2: قدّد عَلَيهِ, said of a garment, It fitted him, or suited him, in size and length. (L, from a trad.) 4 اقدّ عَلَيْهِ, said of food, (assumed tropical:) It occasioned him a pain in the belly, termed قُدَاد. (IKtt, TA.) 5 تَقَدَّّ see 7. b2: تقدّد said of a garment, or piece of cloth, It was, or became, much slit or rent. or ragged, or tattered, (O, K, TA,) and old and worn out. (TA.) b3: And, said of flesh-meat, quasi-pass. of 2, [i. e. It was, or became, cut into strips, or oblong pieces, and spread in the sun, or salted and spread in the sun, and so dried.]. (O.) b4: And, said of a company of men (قَوْمٌ), It became separated (S, M, O, L, K) into قِدَد [or parties, &c., pl. of قِدَّةٌ, q. v.]. (M, L.) b5: Also, said of a thing, (TA,) [perhaps from the same v. said of flesh-meat,] It was, or became, dry; or it dried, or dried up. (K, TA.) b6: And تقدّدت said of a she-camel, She became somewhat lean (O, K) after having been fat: (O:) or she became fat, (TA,) or began to become fat, after having been lean. (K, TA.) 7 انقدّ, (S, M, A, O, L, Msb, K,) and ↓ تقدّد, (M, L, K,) [but the latter app. has an intensive signification, or is said of a number of things,] the former said of a skin, and of a garment, or piece of cloth, (A,) not said of aught except some such thing as a bag for travelling-provisions and for goods or utensils &c., and such as clothing, (O,) It became cut in an elongated form; or lengthwise: (L, K:) or became slit, split, cloven, rent, or divided, lengthwise: (S, M, A, O, L, Msb, K:) or became cut off entirely: (M, L, K:) or became cut, or cut off. (TA.) 8 إِقْتَدَ3َ see 1, first sentence. b2: اقتدّ الأُمُورَ means (tropical:) He considered the affairs, forcasting their issues, or results, and discriminated them: (S, O, K:) or he devised the affairs, and considered what would be their issues, or results. (M.) 10 استقدّ (tropical:) It contained, or continued in one manner, or state. (Ibn-'Abbád, A, O, K,) لَهُ to him. (A.) And (assumed tropical:) It (an affair, TA) was, or became, uniform, or even in its tenour. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K, TA.) And استقدّت الإِبِلُ (assumed tropical:) The camels went on undeviatingly, in one course, way, or manner: (O, K:) so says AA. (O.) قَدْ is a noun and a particle: (S, O, Mughnee, K:) and as a noun it is used in two ways. (Mughnee, K.) b2: (I) It is a noun syn. with حَسْبُ; (S, O, Mughnee, K;) generally used indeclinably; (Mughnee, K;) thus accord. to the Basrees; with the د quiescent; (TA;) because resembling قَدْ the particle in respect of the letters composing it, and many other particles in respect of its form, (Mughnee, TA,) such as عَنْ and بَلْ &c.: (TA:) one says, قَدْ زَيْدٍ دِرْهَمٌ [The sufficiency of Zeyd (i. e. what is sufficient for Zeyd) is a dirhem], (Mughnee, K,) with the د quiescent; (Mughnee, * K, * TA;) and قَدِى (S, O) and قَدْنِى (S, O, Mughnee) [both] meaning حَسْبِى [My sufficiency (i. e. what is sufficient for me)]; (S, O;) the ن in قَدْنِى being inserted in order to preserve the quiescence [of the final letter of the noun] because this is the original characteristic of what they make indeclinable; (Mughnee;) but the insertion of the ن in this case is anomalous, for it is [by rule] only added in verbs, by way of precaution, [to prevent the confusion of the pronominal affix of the verb and that of the noun,] as in ضَرَبَنِى: (S, O:) [see, however, in the next sentence, an explanation of قَدْنِى accord. to which the ن is inserted regularly:] accord. to Yaakoob, using قَدْ in the sense of حَسْبُ, one says, مَا لَكَ عِنْدِى إِلَّا هٰذَا فَقَدْ i. e. فَقَطْ [There is nothing for thee with me, or nothing due to thee in my possession, except this, and it is a thing sufficient, or it is enough, فَقَطْ being held to signify properly فَحَسْبُ, but it is commonly used as meaning and no more]; and he asserts it [i. e. قَدْ] to be a substitute [for قَطْ]: (M:) and it is also used declinably; (Mughnee, K;) thus accord. to the Koofees; (TA;) but this is rare: (Mughnee:) one says قَدُ زَيْدٍ, making it marfooa, (Mughnee, K,) like as one says حَسْبُهُ; and قَدِى without ن [as mentioned above,] like as one says حَسْبِى. (Mughnee.) b3: (2) It is also a verbal noun, syn. with يَكْفِى: one says, قَدْ زَيْدًا دِرْهَمٌ [A dirhem suffices, or will suffice, Zeyd], and قَدْنِى دِرْهَمٌ [A dirhem suffices, or will suffice, me]; (Mughnee, K;) like as one says يَكْفِى زَيْدًا دِرْهَمٌ, and يَكْفِيْنِى دِرْهَمٌ. (Mughnee, K. *) A2: As a particle, it is used peculiarly with a verb, (Mughnee, K,) [i. e.] as such it is not preposed to anything except a verb, (S, O,) either a pret. or an aor. , (TA,) from which it is not separated unless by an oath, (Mughnee,) such as is perfectly inflected, enunciative, (Mughnee, K,) not an imperative, (TA,) affirmative, and free from anything that would render it mejzoom or man-soob, and from what is termed حَرْف تَنْفِيس [i. e.

سَوْفُ and its variants]: and it has six meanings. (Mughnee, K.) b2: (1) It denotes expectation: (M, Mughnee, K:) and when it is with an aor. , this is evident; (Mughnee;) one says قَدْ يَقْدَمُ الغَائِبُ, (Mughnee, K,) meaning It is expected that the absent will come: (TA:) and most affirm that it is thus used with a pret.: (Mughnee:) accord. to some, (M,) it is used in reply to the saying لَمَّا يَفْعَلْ [i. e. “ He has not yet done ” such a thing, which implies expectation that he would do it]; (S, M, O;) the reply being, قَدْفَعَلَ [Already he has done the thing]: (M:) and Kh asserts that it is used in reply to persons expecting information; (S, M, * O, Mughnee;) [for to such] you say, قَدْ مَاتَ فَلَانٌ [Already such a one has died]; but if one inform him who does not expect it, he does not say thus, but he says [merely] مَاتَ فُلَانٌ: (S, O:) thus some say قَدْ رَكِبَ الأَمِيرُ [Already the commander has mounted his horse] to him who expects his mounting: some, however, disallow that قَدْ is used to denote expectation with the pret. because the pret. denotes what is already past; and hence it appears that those who affirm it to be so used mean that the pret. denotes what was expected before the information: (Mughnee: [in which it is added, with some other observations, that, in the opinion of its author, it does not denote expectation even with the aor. ; because the saying يَقْدَمُ الغَئِبُ denotes expectation without قَدْ:]) MF says, What we have been orally taught by the sheykhs in ElAndalus is this, that it is a particle denoting the affirmation of truth, or certainty, when it occurs before a pret., and a particle denoting expectation when it occurs before a future. (TA.) b3: (2) It denotes the nearness of the past to the present: (O, Mughnee, K:) so in the saying قَدْ قَامَ زَيْدٌ [Zeyd has just, or just now, stood; a meaning often intended by saying merely, has stood]; (Mughnee, K;) for this phrase without قد may mean the near past and the remote past; (Mughnee;) and so in the saying of the muëdhdhin, قَدْ قَامَتِ الصَّلَاةُ [The time of the rising to prayer has just come, or simply has come]: (O:) [and, when thus used, it is often immediately preceded by the pret. or aor. of the verb كَانَ; thus you say, كَانَ قَدْ ذَهَبَ He had just, or simply had, gone away; and يَكُونُ قَدْ ذَهَبَ He will, or shall, have just, or simply have gone away:] and accord. to the Basrees, except Akh, it must be either expressed or understood immediately before a pret. used as a denotative of state; as in [the saying in the Kur ii. 247,] وَمَا لَنَا أَلَّا نُقَاتِلُ فِى سَبِيلِ اللّٰهِ وَقَدْ أُخْرِجْنَا مِنْ دِيَارِنَا وَأَبْنَائِنَا [And what reason have we that we should not fight in the cause of God when we have been expelled from our abodes and our children?]; and in [the saying in the Kur iv. 92,] أَوْ جَاؤُوكُمْ حَصِرَتْ صُدُورُهُمْ أنْ يُقَاتِلُوكَمْ [Or who come to you, their bosoms being contracted so that they are incapable of fighting you, or their bosoms shrinking from fighting you]; but the Koofees and Akh says that this is not required, because of the frequent occurrence of the pret. as a denotative of state without قَدْ, and [because] the primary rule is that there should be no meaning, or making, anything to be understood, more especially in the case of that which is in frequent use: (Mughnee:) Sb [however] does not allow the use of the pret. as a denotative of state without قَدْ; and he makes حصرت صدورهم to be an imprecation [meaning may their bosoms become contracted]: (S in art. حصر; in which art. in the present work see more on this subject:) and the inceptive لَ is prefixed to it like of the saying, إِنَّ زَيْدًا لَقَدْ قَامَ [Verily Zeyd has just stood, or has stood]; because the primary rule is that it is to be prefixed to the noun, and it is prefixed to the aor. because it resembles the noun, and when the pret. denotes a time near to the present it resembles the aor. and therefore it is allowable to prefix it thereto. (Mughnee.) [See also the two sentences next after what is mentioned below as the sixth meaning.] b4: (3) It denotes rareness, or paucity; (Mughnee, K;) either of the act signified by the verb, (Mughnee,) as in [the saying], قَدْ يَصْدُقُ الكَذُوبُ [In some few instances the habitual liar speaks truth]; (Mughnee, K;) or of what is dependent upon that act, as in [the saying in the Kur xxiv. last verse,] قَدْ يَعْلَمُ مَا

أَنْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ [as though] meaning أَنَّ مَا هُمْ عَلَيْهِ هُوَ

أَقَلُّ مَعْلُومَاتِهِ [so that it should be rendered At least He knoweth that state of conduct and mind to which ye are conforming yourselves]: but some assert that in these exs. and the like thereof it denotes the affirmation of truth, or certainty; [as will be shown hereafter;] and that the denoting of rareness, or paucity, in the former ex. is not inferred from قَدْ, but from the saying الكَذُوبُ يَصْدُقٌ. (Mughnee.) b5: (4) It denotes frequency; (Mughnee, K;) [i. e.] sometimes (S, O) it is used as syn. with رُبَّمَا [as denoting frequency, as well as with رُبَّمَا in the contr. sense, mentioned in the next preceding sentence]: (S, M, O:) thus in the saying (S, M, O, Mughnee, K) of the Hudhalee, (M, Mughnee,) or 'Abeed Ibn-El-Abras, (IB, TA,) قَدْ أَتْرُكُ القِرْنَ مُصْفَرًّا أَنَامِلُهُ [Often I leave the antagonist having his fingers' ends become yellow]. (S, M, O, Mughnee, K.) b6: (5) It denotes the affirmation of truth, or certainty: thus in [the saying in the Kur xci. 9,] قَدْ أَفْلَحَ مَنْ زَكَّاهَا [Verily, or certainly, or indeed, or really, he prospereth, or will prosper, who purifieth it; (namely, his soul;) each pret. here occupying the place of a mejzoom aor. ]: (Mughnee, K:) and thus accord. to some in [the saying in the Kur xxiv. last verse, of which another explanation has been given above,] قَدْ يَعْلَمُ مَا أَنْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ [Verily, or certainly, &c., He knoweth that state of conduct and mind to which ye are conforming yourselves]. (Mughnee.) b7: (6) It denotes negation, (Mughnee, K,) accord. to ISd, (Mughnee,) occupying the place of مَا, (M,) in the saying, قَدْ كُنْتَ فِى خَيْرٍ فَتَعْرِفَهُ, (M, Mughnee, K,) with تعرف mansoob, [as though meaning Thou wast not in prosperity, that thou shouldst know it,] (Mughnee, K,) heard from one of the chaste in speech: (M:) but this is strange. (Mughnee.) b8: [When it is used to denote the nearness of the past to the present, as appears to be indicated by the context in the O,] قَدْ may be separated from the verb by an oath; as in قَدْ وَاللّٰهِ أَحْسَنْتَ [Thou hast, by God, done well] and قَدْ لَعَمْرِى بِتُّ سَاهِرًا [I have, by my life, or by my religion, passed the night sleepless]. (O, Mughnee. [In the latter, this and what here next follows are mentioned before the explanations of the meanings of the particle; probably because the meaning in these cases can hardly be mistaken.]) And the verb may be suppressed after it, (M, * O, Mughnee,) when its meaning is apprehended, (O,) or because of an indication; (Mughnee;) as in the saying of En-Nábighah (M, O, Mughnee) Edh-Dhubyánee, (O,) أَفِدَ التَّرَحُّلُ غَيْرَ أَنَّ رِكَابَنَا لَمَّا تَزُلْ بِرِحَالِنَا وَكَأَنْ قَدِ [The time of departure has drawn near, though the camels that we ride have not left with our utensils and apparatus for travelling, but it is as though they had (left)]; meaning كَأَنْ قَدْ زَالَتْ. (M, O, Mughnee.) b9: If you make قَدْ an اِسْم [i. e. a subst. or a proper name], you characterize it by teshdeed: therefore you say, كَتَبْتُ قَدًّا حَسَنَةً [I wrote a beautiful قد]; and so you do in the case of كَىْ and هُوَ and لَوْ; because these words have no indication of what is deficient in them [supposing them to be originally of three radical letters], therefore it is requisite to add to the last letter of each what is of the same kind as it, and this is incorporated into it: but not in the case of ا; for in this case you add ء; thus if you name a man لَا, or مَا, and then add at the end of it ا, you make it ء; for you make the second ا movent, and ا when movent becomes ء: (S, O:) so says J, [and Sgh has followed him in the O,] and such is the opinion of Akh and of a number of the grammarians of El-Basrah [and of El-Koofeh (MF)], and F has quoted this passage in the B and left it uncontradicted: but IB says, (TA,) [and after him F in the K,] this is a mistake: that only is characterized by teshdeed of which the last letter is infirm: you say, for هُوَ, (IB, K,) used as the name of a man, (IB,) هُوٌّ, (IB, K,) and for لَوْ you say لَوٌّ, and for فِى you say فِىٌّ; (IB;) and such is characterized by teshdeed only in order that the word may not be reduced to one letter on account of the quiescence of the infirm letter [which would disappear] with tenween [as it does in دَمٌ and يَدٌ &c.]: (K:) but as to قَدْ, if you use it as a name, you say قَدٌ; (IB, K;) and for مَنْ you say مَنٌ, and for عَنْ you say عَنٌ; (K;) like يَدٌ (IB, K) and دَمٌ &c.: (K:) F, however, [following IB,] is wrong in calling J's statement a mistake; though the rule given by him [and IB] is generally preferred. (MF, TA.) قَدٌّ The skin of a lamb or kid: (M, A, L, Msb, K:) or [only] of a kid: (S, O, L:) or, accord. to IDrd, a small skin, but of what kind he does not say: (M, L:) pl. (of pauc., S) أَقُدٌّ and (of mult., S) قِدَادٌ (ISk, S, M, L, Msb, K) and [of pauc. also] أَقِدَّةٌ, which is extr. (M, L.) Hence the saying, ↓ فُلَانٌ مَا يَعْرِفُ القَدَّ مِنَ القِدِّ Such a one knows not the skin of a lamb, or kid, from the thong. (A.) And hence, (O, K,) it is said in a prov., (S, M, A, O,) مَا يَجْمَلُ قَدَّكَ إِلَى أَدِيمِكَ (S, M, A, O, K) What approximates thy skin of a lamb, or kid, to thy hide [of a full-grown beast]? meaning, accord. to Th, (assumed tropical:) what makes the great to be like the little? (M: [or the little to be like the great?]) or meaning what induces thee to make thy small affair [appear] great? (S:) or what approximates thy small [affair] to thy great? (O, K:) applied to him who transgresses his proper limit; (M, O, K;) and to him who compares the contemptible with the noble. (O, K.) b2: See also قِدٌّ, in two places.

A2: Also (assumed tropical:) The measure, quantity, size, or bulk, (M, L, Msb, K,) of a thing: (M, L:) (tropical:) the conformation, or proportion, syn. تَقْطِيع, (S, M, A, O, L, K,) of a thing, (M, L,) or of a young woman, (A,) or of a man: (K:) (tropical:) the stature, syn. قَامَة, (S, A, O, L, K,) of a man: (K:) (assumed tropical:) his justness of form, or symmetry: (M, L, K:) and (assumed tropical:) his figure, person, or whole body: (M, L:) pl. [of pauc.] أَقُدٌّ (M, L, K) and أَقِدَّةٌ, (K,) which is extr., (TA,) and [of mult.] قُدُودٌ (M, L, K) and قِدَادٌ. (K.) One says, هٰذَا عَلَى قَدِّ ذَاكَ (assumed tropical:) This is equal in measure, quantity, size, or bulk, to that; is like that. (Msb.) And شَىْءٌ حَسَنُ القَدِّ (assumed tropical:) A thing goodly, or beautiful, in respect of conformation, or proportion. (L.) And جَارِيَةٌ حَسَنَةُ القَدِّ (tropical:) A young woman goodly, or beautiful, in respect of stature, and of conformation, or proportion. (A.) And غُلَامٌ حَسَنُ القَدِّ (assumed tropical:) A young man goodly, or beautiful, in respect of justness of form, or symmetry, and in person, or the whole of his body. (M, L.) A3: See, again, قِدٌّ.

A4: By the phrase يَا وَيْلَ قَدٍّ, addressed to Mikdád, in a verse of Jereer, is meant يَا وَيْلَ مِقْدَادٍ [O, woe to thee Mikdád]; the poet restricting himself to some of the letters [of the name]: an instance [more obviously] of a similar kind is سَلَّام used by El-Hoteiäh for سُلَيْمَان. (O.) قُدٌّ A certain marine fish, (O, K,) the eating of which is said to increase [the faculty of] الجِمَاع. (O.) قِدٌّ A thing that is مَقْدُود [i. e. cut in an elongated form, &c.]. (M, L.) b2: [And hence] A thong cut from an untanned skin, (S, M, * A, O, * L, Msb, K,) with which sandals or shoes are sewed, (M, * L, Msb,) and with which a captive is bound; (A;) pl. أَقُدٌّ: (S, O, L:) and [as a coll. gen. n.] thongs, cut from an untanned skin, with which camels' saddles and [the vehicles called]

مَحَامِل are bound: (M, L:) and ↓ قِدَّةٌ [of which the pl. is قِدَدٌ] is a more special term, (S, O, L,) signifying a single thong of this kind. (K.) See an ex. voce قَدٌّ. b3: And (hence, L) A whip; (O, L, K;) as also ↓ قَدٌّ. (K.) Thus in the trad., لَقَابُ قَوْسِ أَحَدِكُمْ وَمَوْضِعُ قِدِّهِ فِى الجَنَّةِ خَيْرٌ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا وَمَا فِيهَا, (O, * L,) or ↓ قَدِّهِ, (K,) i. e. Verily the space that would be occupied by the bow of any one of you, and the place that would be occupied by his whip, in Paradise, are better than the present [sublunary] world and what is in it: or قِدّه may here have the meaning next following. (L.) b4: A sandal; because cut in an elongated form from the skin: (O, L:) or a sandal not stripped of the hair, in order that it may be more pliant. (IAar, O, L.) b5: And A vessel of skin. (S, O, K.) One says, مَا لَهُ قِدٌّ وَلَا قِحْفٌ He has not a vessel of skin nor a vessel of wood: (S, O, M:) or a skin nor a fragment of a drinking-cup or bowl. (M.) b6: شَدِيدُ القِدِّ occurs in a trad. as some relate it, meaning Having a strong bowstring: but accord. to others, it is ↓ شَدِيدُ القَدِّ, meaning strong in pulling the bow. (L.) قِدَّةٌ: see قِدٌّ. b2: Also A piece of a thing. (M, L.) b3: And hence, (M,) A party, division, sect, or distinct body or class, of men, holding some particular tenet, or body of tenets, creed, opinion, or opinions, (S, M, O, L, Msb, K,) accord. to some, (Msb,) of whom each has his own, (S, O, L, K,) or of which each has its own, (Msb,) erroneous opinion: (S, O, L, Msb, K:) pl. قِدَدٌ. (Msb.) Hence, كُنَّا طَرَائِقَ قِدَدًا, (S, L, O, K,) in the Kur [lxxii. 11], (L, O,) said by the Jinn, (Fr, L,) We were parties, or sects, differing in their erroneous opinions, or in their desires: (Fr, O, L, K:) or separate [sects]; Muslims and not Muslims: (Zj:) or diverse, or discordant, or various, sects; Muslims and unbelievers. (Jel.) And one says, صَارَ القَوْمُ قِدَدًا The people became divided, or different, in their states, or conditions, and their desires, or erroneous opinions. (L.) قَدَادٌ The hedge-hog: b2: and The jerboa. (O, K.) قُدَادٌ A pain [app. what may be termed a cutting pain] in the belly. (S, M, O, L, K.) حَبَنًا وَقُدَادًا is a form of imprecation, meaning [May God inflict upon thee] dropsy, and a pain in the belly. (L.) قَدِيدٌ, (S, M, O, L, K,) or لَحْمٌ قَدِيدٌ, (Msb,) Flesh-meat cut into strips, or oblong pieces: (M, L, K:) or cut, (M,) or cut into oblong pieces, and spread, or spread in the sun, to dry: (M, L, K:) or salted, and dried in the sun: (L:) i. q. لَحْمٌ مُقَدَّدٌ: (S, O, L:) قَدِيدٌ is of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ. (L.) b2: ثَوْبٌ قَدِيدٌ A garment, or piece of cloth, [slit, or rent, and] old and worn out. (S, O, L, K.) قُدَيْدٌ A small مِسْح [or garment of thick, or coarse, hair-cloth], (M, * K, * TA,) such as is worn by persons of low condition. (TA.) قَدِيدِيُّونَ, (IAth, O, K, TA,) thus accord. as a trad., in which it occurs is related, (IAth, TA,) not to be pronounced with damm, (K,) or, as some say, it is [قُدَيْدِيُّونَ, i. e.] with damm to the ق and fet-h to the [first] د, (IAth, TA,) and thus in the handwriting of Z in the “ Fáïk,” (O,) [and thus I find it in a copy of the A,] The followers of an army, consisting of handicraftsmen, (A, IAth, O, K, TA,) such as the repairer of cracked wooden bowls, and the farrier, (O, K, TA,) and the blacksmith: (O, TA:) of the dial. of the people of Syria: as though they were called by the former appellation because of the tattered state of their clothing; (O;) or by the latter as though, by reason of their low condition, they wore the small مِسْح called قُدَيْد; or from التَّقَدُّدُ, because they disperse themselves in the provinces on account of need, and because of the tattered state of their clothing; and the diminutive form denotes mean estimation of their condition: (IAth, TA:) a man (IAth, O, TA) of them (O) is reviled by its being said to him يَا قَدِيدىُّ (IAth, O, TA) and يا قُدَيْدِىُّ: (IAth, TA:) and it is commonly used in the language of the Persians also. (O.) قَيْدُودٌ A she-camel long in the back: (O, K:) but this is said to be derived from القَوْدُ, like الكَيْنُونَةُ from الكَوْنُ: (L:) [see art. قود:] pl. قَيَادِيدُ. (K. [In the O the pl. is written قَنَادِيدُ.]) مَقَدٌّ (tropical:) A road: (A, K, TA:) because it is cut: so in the phrase مَفَازَةٌ مُسْتَقِيمَةُ المَقَدِّ (tropical:) [A desert, or waterless desert, whereof the road is straight, or direct]. (A, TA.) b2: (assumed tropical:) The rima vulvæ of a woman. (M, L.) b3: (assumed tropical:) The part of the back of the neck that is between the ears. (K, L.) [A dial. var. of, or a mistake for, مَقَذٌّ.]) b4: And i. q. قَاعٌ, i. e. (assumed tropical:) An even, or a plain, place. (S, M, O, L.) مِقَدٌّ, like مِدَقٌّ [in measure], (K, [in a copy of the M, erroneously, مَقَدّ,]) or ↓ مِقَدَّةٌ, (L,) The iron instrument with which skin is cut (يُقَدُّ). (L, * K, * TA.) مِقَدَّةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مَقَدِّىٌّ Wine of El-Makadd, a town of the region of the Jordan, (K,) or, as is said in the Marásid and the Moajam, near Adhri'át, in the Howrán; (TA;) wrongly said by J to be without teshdeed to the د, for the wine called مَقَدَىٌّ is different from that called مَقَدِّىٌّ: (K:) or it is wine boiled until it is reduced to half its original quantity; likened to a thing that is divided (قُدَّ) in halves; so accord. to Rejá Ibn-Selemeh, and in the Nh and Ghareebeyn; and sometimes it is pronounced without teshdeed to the د. (TA.)

وجد:
لو وجدَ: لو استطاع ذلك (البربرية 519:2): دسَّ له إن أهل الدولة مضطربون على سلطانهم ومستبدلون به لو وجدوا (المقري 248:2): وقد كان يغوص في الأرض لو وجد لشدّة ما حل به عما سمع ورأى بحذف بلاغي تقديره لو وجد إلى ذلك سبيلاً.
وجد: عانى، قاسى (شراً)، وعلى سبيل المثال وجد غماً (بقطر) وجد ألماً (الكامل 13:218، النويري أسبانيا 459: وجد في نفسه غماً شديداً (دي ساسي كرست 139:1)
ليت هنداً أنجزتنا ما تعد ... وشفت أنفسنا مما نجد
(بدرون 9:291): وجد حرارة ففصد بمبضع مسموم فمات. وفي (الحُلل 7): فشكوا إليه ما يجدونه من ذلك (كليلة ودمنة 3:254): فلما سمع الملك ذلك سرّى عنه ما كان يجده في الغم. وكذلك في (10:252): وكلميه بما تعلمين أنه تطيب به نفسه ويُذُهب الذي يجده، أي يزول ما يعانيه من غم وهي عبارة لم يفهمها (فريتاج). وعليه ينبغي أن تحذف ما ورد في عدد 6.
وجِد حاله: وجد نفسه، شعر أو أحس أنه في وضع معين (بقطر).
كيف تجدّك: كيف حالك؟ (معجم البلاذري).
وجد في: تكمن من، تألف، اشتمل على، ارتكز consisteren ( همبرت 93).
يجد تصحيف يوجد: عند (المقدسي في معجم الجغرافيا).
وجّد: حضر، هيأ (همبرت 2 - الجزائر - هلو).
أوجد: ابتكر (بقطر) inventer.
تواجد: زاح (ابن بطوطة 158:3) se
Lamenter ( كان يعظ المؤمنين في أيام الجمع وكان جمع غفير منهم يطلب الغفران أمامه حالقين رؤوسهم وهو يتواجدون). وفي (ابن طفيل 4:181): فشرع أسأل (اسم شخص) في الصلاة والقراءة والدعاء والبكاء والتضرع والتواجد.
تواجد: ندم على ذنوبه، تاب إلى الله، انسحق قلبه se repentir ( الترجمة العربية لأسفار موسى الخمسة السامرية 6:6 سِفْر التكوين): وتواجد الله لما صنع الناس في الأرض (7).
تواجد: كان في نشوة الافتتان والذهول
(ديوان ابن الفارض) (جي. جي شولتز): وإذا استمع وتواجد وغلب عليه الحال يزداد وجهه جمالاً ونوراً.
أنوجد: التقي، وجد نفسه setrouver، وجد نفسه في ذلك المكان أو كان فيه (بقطر).
وجْد: نشوة العشق الإلهي في أعلى حالات تدفق مشاعر الحب. ذكر (بربروجر 278) هذه الكلمة وجمعها على مواجد. ووردت أيضاً عند (دي سلان المقدمة 84:1، ملاحظات ومقتطفات 366:12، 377، المقدمة 6:171 و 164:2). هنا جمعت على مواجيد (المقري 571:1).
وجد على والجمع مواجد: إن هذا الجمع يستعمل، أيضاً، في حالات الغضب (مع حرف الجر على) (البربرية 2:555:2): وقد ذهب مواجد السلطان بالأندلس عليهم وصار إلى جميل رأيه فيهم إذ هكذا ينبغي أن تقرأ هذه الجملة (مع طبعة بولاق) بدلاً من مواجة!. حطّ وجده في: زاد النيران اشتعالاً، شرع، في القضية، بحرارة، اهتم بفلان جداً (بقطر).
وحدة: أنظر وحدة بالحاء عند (بقطر).
وحدات: ميكال للحنطة يستخدم في مدينة وحدة في أفريقيا (البكري 5:87): ومدُ وجدة يسمى بالوجدات.
وجدان: في (محيط المحيط): (مصدر وعند الصوفية مصادفة الحق تعالى). وفي (المقدمة 177:1 و185:12 و70:111): نشوة، ذهول، شطح، إعجاب شديد.
وجدان: في (محيط المحيط): (وفي اصطلاح غيرهم فالمشهور انه النفس وقواها الباطنية). أنظر (المقدمة 9:370:2): إناء نشهد في أنفسنا بالوجدان الصحيح وجود ثلاثة عوالم. وقد ترجمها (دي سلان ب: اعتقاد conviction) .
وجود: الوجود خلاف العدم (عبد الواحد 8:212).
وجود: الذي هو موجود (الملابس 4:282).
وجود: طبيعة الأشياء (البربرية 8:1 و 14:1).
وجود: إجراء، إنجاز realization ( دي ساسي دبلوماسية 486:9): المصالح التي يعم نفعها ويحسن في الوجود وقعها.
وجود: أنظر (المقري 571:1 لمعرفة معنى كلمة وجود عند الصوفية في التعريفات).
في (فوك) ورد ذكر أُنيّة = esse اللاتينية (أنظرها في الجزء الأول من ترجمة هذا المعجم في كلمة إنْ).
وجود: غاب عن الوجود: أنظر كلمة غيب في الجزء السابع من ترجمة هذا المعجم.
خطر في وجودي السفر: عنّ لي أو عرض لي أن أبادر إلى السفر (ألف ليلة. برسل 6:4).
وجود: ثروة، غنى، يُسر opulence ( رياض النفوس 78) (أعتقد انه كان قادراً على إطعام القديس لأنه كان له وجود).
استاد الوجود: مدرس جليل القدير وهو وصف يصف به الأتراك مَنْ كان بهذه المرتبة ويقولون صاحب وجود أيضاً (مرسفيج 1:6 و17، عدد 39)، أي شخص له مقام عال.
وجادة: في (محيط المحيط): (والوجادة عند المحدثين أن نجد أحاديث بخط يعرف كاتبه. يقال هذا حين يقرأ أحد الناس مجموعة من الأحاديث كتبها طبيب. إلا أن محتواها لم
ينقل شفاهاً ولا (بالإجازة) ( ijâza) . في هذه الحالة ينبغي أن لا يقال أخبرنا بل وجدتُ أو قرأتُ. (إضافات على المقري 2:834:1) (لوحظ أن حرف العلة في الكلمة الأولى، أي وجادة، قد وردت بالفتح في -محيط المحيط- خلافاً لسبرنجر). إن هذه الكلمة ترد أيضاً في أمر آخر غير الأحاديث؛ وبناءً على ذلك فأن معنى أنشد من وجادة يتعلق، بالشعر، الغزلي خاصة، في مواضع مرت على الرواة في أوقات متفرقة لا يتذكرون زمنها أو مواضعها أو عناوينها أو في مجاميع لم تعد في حوزتهم (المقري 281:3 و7:322).
واحد. أنا للشيء واحد أي قادر عليه (محيط المحيط).
واجد: في الحديث عن الخالق تعالى يقال: عالمٌ علماً مجرداً (القاموس التركي).
واجد: مستعدّ (بقطر باربييه) (هلو).
أوجد: أكثر تواتراً، أكثر تردداً (ابن العوام 3:45:1).
أوجد: غنيٌّ جداً (ابن جبير 2:228، البربرية: 289:2).
إيجاد والجمع إيجادات: اكتشافات، مبتكرات (بقطر).
موجدة: occasion فرصة، باعث، دافع.
موجود: نستعمل في مواضع شبيهة بقولنا وكان الحرّ موجوداً أي كان الجو حاراً (ابن إياس 343) فإن الغلاء كان موجوداً أي كان هناك ارتفاع في الأسعار (أنظر 385).
موجود: متناول اليد، كان تحت اليد، كان قريب المأخذ (فريتاج كرست 8:64): واعلمي يا بنيّة إن الكحل هو الحسن الموجود، والماء هو أطيب الطيب المفقود.
موجود: نعت للخالق (ألف ليلة 14:67:2): الكائن الدائم.
موجودات الله: الكائنات التي خلقها (ابن الخطيب 32): وفي موجودات الله تُعلى عِبَرّ وأغربها عالم الإنسان لما جُبلوا عليه من الأهواء المختلفة .. الخ.
مَوجودهُ: ما يملكه، أمواله (أماري 7:347، البربرية 10:545:1) (مملوك 8:44:1:1): (موجودات المفلس: عند التجار ما بقي له من العقار والنقود والذمم) (م. المحيط).
مواجِد ومواجيد: أنظر وجدّ.

وجد

1 وَجَدَهُ, aor. ـِ and يَجُدُ, (S, L, Msb, K,) the latter of the dial. of the tribe of 'Ámir (S, L, Msb) Ibn-Saasa'ah, (MF,) and without a parallel (S, L, Msb, K) in verbs of this class, (S, L, Msb,) the و in it being dropped because it falls out in the original form of the aor. , (Msb,) both of which forms are said by several authors to apply to the verb in all its significations, though F seems to restrict the latter to two significations, (TA,) inf. n. وُجُودٌ (S, L, Msb, K) and وِجْدَان (L, Msb, K,) and إِجْدَانٌ, (IAar, L, K,) in which the و is changed into ء, (L,) and وَجْدٌ and وُجْدٌ and جِدَةٌ; (L, K;) and وَجِدَهُ, aor. ـِ (K;) but this form of the verb is not found in the lexicons, [the K only accepted,] (MF,) in the sense here assigned to it; (TA;) He found it; lighted on it; attained it; obtained it by searching or seeking; discovered it; perceived it; saw it; experienced it, or became sensible of it; (F, in the K and in the Basáïr, on the authority of Abu-l-Kásim El-Isbahánee;) namely, a thing sought, sought for or after, or desired; (S, L, K;) and simply a thing. (L.) وُجُود is of several kinds. It is The finding, &c., by means of any one of the five senses: as when one says وَجَدْتُ زَيْدًا [I found, &c., Zeyd]: and وَجَدَتُ طَعْمَهُ, and رَائِحَتَهُ, and صَوْتَهُ, and خُشُونَتَهُ, [I found, or perceived, &c., its taste, and its odour, and its sound, and its roughness]. Also, The finding, &c., by means of the faculty of appetite, [or rather of sensation, which is the cause of appetite:] as when one says وَجَدْتُ الشِّبَعَ [I found, experienced, or became sensible of, satiety]. Also, The finding, &c., by the intellect, or by means of the intellect: of which kind is one's knowing God: and here it should be observed, that وجود attributed to God is simple knowledge: (Abu-l-Kásim El-Isbahánee, cited in the Basáïr:) وَجَدَ اللّٰهُ, wherever it occurs, means God knew. (Er-Rághib, Z, &c.) i. e., in the Kur-án. (TA.) b2: وَجَدَ [He found, in the sense of] he knew [by experience]. (A, TA, &c.) [In this sense, it is a verb of the kind called أَفْعَالُ القُلُوبِ; having two objective complements; the first of which is called its noun, and the second its predicate.] Ex. وَجَدْتُ زَيْدًا ذَا الحِفَاظِ I [found, or] knew Zeyd to possess the quality of defending those things which should be sacred, or inviolable. (A.) Used in this sense, as doubly trans., its inf. n. is وَجْدَانٌ (Akh) and وُجُودٌ. (Seer.) It is also used as singly trans., as syn. with عَلِمَ. (TA.) b3: When وَجَدَ signifies he found, or lighted on, a thing after it had gone away, its inf. n. is وِجْدَانٌ. (IKtt.) b4: وَجَدَ الضَّالَّةَ, (S, A, Msb,) aor. ـِ (Msb) and يَجُدُ, (MF,) inf. n. وَجْدَانٌ (S, Msb) and لَمْ أَجِدْ مِنْ ذٰلِكَ بُدًّا (Msb) [He found the stray beast]. b5: لَمْ أَجِدْ مِنْ ذٰلِكَ بُدًّا, for which one also says لَمْ اجدِ, I found no means of avoiding, or escaping, that. (Kz, TA.) b6: وَجَدَ, (L,) and وَجَدَ فِى المَالِ, (Fs, T, S, L, Msb,) and وَجَدَ المَالَ وَغَيَرَهُ, (Lh, M, K,) aor. ـِ (Lh, M, L, K,) inf. n. وُجْد and وِجد and وَجْدٌ- and جِدَهٌ (Lh, T, S, M, K) and وِجْدَانٌ (T, L) an[id وُجُودٌ, (Yz,) He became possessed of wealth, or property: (T:) or he was, or became, rich; possessed of competence, or sufficiency; in no need; without wants, or with few wants; (S, M, L, K;) so as not to be poor afterwards: (L:) and he gained, acquired, or earned wealth. (Exps. of the Fs.) Hence the saying of the Arabs, وِجْدَانُ الرَّقِينِ يُغَطِّى أَفَنَ الأَفِينِ [The possession of money hides the weakness of judgment of the weak in judgment]. (T, L.) A2: وَجَدَ عَلَيْهِ, (S, L, K, &c.) aor. ـِ (Fs, M, L, K) and يَجُدُ; (M, L, K;) and وَجِدَ, as heard by Fr from certain of the Arabs; (Kzz;) inf. n. مَوْجِدَةٌ, (Fs, S, A, L, Msb, K,) by some pronounced مَوْجَدَةٌ, (Fr,) and وَجْدٌ and جِدَةٌ (L, K) and وِجْدَانٌ (Lh, S, M, L) and وُجُودٌ (Fr, Kzz) He was angry with him: (Fs, S, A, L, Msb, K) or he was angry with him with the anger that proceeds from a friend. (TA, voce عَتْبٌ.) A3: وَجَدَ بِهِ, (aor. ـِ L,) inf. n. وَجْدٌ, He loved him. (L, K.) وَجَدَ بِهَا, (A, L,) and ↓ توّجد, (A,) He loved her; (A, L;) he loved her passionately or fondly. (L.) لَهُ بِهَا وَجْدٌ He has a love [or passionate or fond love] for her. (A.) A4: وَجَدَ, [aor. ـِ ('Eyn, Fs, S, L, Msb, &c.,) and وَجِدَ, [aor. ـْ (El-Hejeree, M, K,) the latter the only form mentioned in the K, but the former is the only form generally known, (MF, TA,) and وَجُدَ, (Lh, M, L,) inf. n. وَجْدٌ, (S, L, Msb, K, &c.,) He grieved; mourned; sorrowed. (S, L, Msb, K, &c.) You say, وَجَدْتُ بِهِ, (Msb,) and لَهُ ↓ توجّدت, (S, L,) I grieved, mourned, or sorrowed, for such a one. (S, L, Msb.) Ibn-Hishám El-Lakhmee says, that in this sense وجد is not transitive: (MF:) [i. e., without a prep.].

A5: وُجِدَ, (inf. n. وُجُودٌ, A, Msb,) It existed; it became existent (A, Msb) from a state of nonexistence. (S, L, K.) 4 اوجدهُ إِيَّاهُ He (God, S, A, L) made him to find, attain, or obtain, it; (Lh, S, A, L, K;) namely, the thing that he sought, sought for or after, or desired; (S, L, K;) or a stray beast. (A.) b2: اوجدهُ He (God, S, &c.) enriched him; made him to be possessed of wealth or property; to be possessed of competence or sufficiency; to be in no need, or without wants, or with few wants. (S, A, L, K.) Ex. الحَمْدُ لِلّٰهِ الِّذِى

أَوْجَدَنِى بَعْدَ فَقْرٍ وَآجَدَنِى بَعْدَ ضَعْفٍ Praise be to God who enriched me after poverty and strengthened me after weakness. (S, L.) b3: He strengthened him after weakness; like آجَدَهُ. (K.) [But see what immediately precedes.]

A2: اوجدهُ, (inf. n. إِيجَادٌ, TA,) He (God) made it; meaning, created it; originated it; caused it to be or exist, or to come to pass; brought it into existence (S, L, Msb, K) from a state of nonexistence, (Msb,) not after the similitude of anything preëxisting. (TA.) وَجَدَهُ in this sense is not allowable. (S, L, K.) 5 توجّدهُ He complained of it; namely, sleeplessness by night, (L, K,) &c., (K,) or a particular affair. (L.) A2: See 1, in two places.6 تواجد He feigned, or made a show of, love [or passionate love]. (A.) وَجْدٌ and جِدَةٌ: see وُجْدٌ; and see 1.

وُجْدٌ and ↓ وِجْدٌ and ↓ وَجْدٌ [and ↓ جِدَةٌ &c., see 1,] (the first of which is the most chaste, IKh, MF) Richness, or competence, or sufficiency; state of being in no need, or of having no wants, or few wants: (M, L, K:) ability; capacity; power. (M, L.) b2: هٰذَا مِنْ وُجْدِى This is a result of my power, or ability. (L.) وَاجِدٌ, act. part. n of 1, Finding; or a finder; &c. (L.) b2: Rich; possessing competence, or sufficiency; in no need; without wants, or with few wants; (L;) solvent; one who finds that wherewith to pay what he owes. (A 'Obeyd, L.) Ex. لَىُّ الوَاجِدِ يُحِلُّ عُقُوبَتَهُ The solvent man's putting off the payment of his debt with promises repeated time after time makes his punishment allowable. (L, from a trad. See Mgh art. لوى.) الوَاجِدُ, as an epithet applied to God, He who has no wants. (IAth, L.) A2: هُوَ وَاجِدٌ عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ He is angry with his companion. (A.) A3: أَنَا وَاجِدٌ لِلشَّىْءِ I am able to do the thing. (Msb.) A4: هُوَ وَاجِدٌ بِفُلَانَةَ, and عَلَيْهَا, and ↓ مُتَوَجِّدٌ, He is in love [or passionately in love] with such a female. (A.) b2: وُجُدٌ is mentioned in the Towsheeh as a pl. of وَاجِدٌ; but this is strange. (TA.) مَوْجُودٌ, part. n. of وُجِدَ, Being, or existing; come to pass: (S, L, K:) or, as an irreg. pass. part. n. of أَوْجَدَهُ, caused to be, or exist; or to come to pass; brought into existence: (MF:) pl. مَوْجُودَاتٌ: which is a term applied to three kinds of things: namely, that which exists and has neither beginning nor end; and such is only God: that which exists and has a beginning and an end; as the substances of the present world: and that which exists and has a beginning but no end; as men in the world to come. (TA.) b2: [Present.] b3: مَوْجُودٌ A thing within one's power; over which one has power. (Msb.) مُتَوَجِّدٌ: see وَاجِدٌ.

رمن: رُمّان، ويجمع على رَمَامِين في معجم فوك.
وفي قائمة أنواع الرمان التي ذكرها فريتاج نقلاً عن كازيري، وهو ما نجده عند ابن العوام (1: 273) توجد من غير شك أخطاء كما ظن لين، ولا أستطيع أن أصحح إلا واحدة من هذه الأخطاء، وسأذكر أسماء هذه الأنواع مرتبة على حروف الهجاء، وأشير إلى الاختلافات بينها الموجودة في مخطوطتنا لتاب ابن العوام: - الترحين، خالية من النقط في مخطوطتنا عدا نقطة النون. - الدلوى، وهو في مخطوطتنا الدسري (كذا). - الرُّصَافيِ = السَّفَريّ (انظر السفري) (المقري 1: 305). - المسمى، وهو في مخطوطتنا العجمي (كذا). - السَّفَرِيّ (انظر كرتاس ص23) وهو رمان مربع الحب سمي كذلك نسبة إلى سفر عبيد الكلاعي وكان معاصراً لبعد الرحمن الأول، وهو أول من زرعه في بستانه (انظر معجم الإسبانية ص358). ويقول ابن العوام (1: 274): إن اسمه سَفْر أو مسافر، غير أنه يذكر في موضع آخر (1: 273): أن السفري نسبة إلى سَفَر (أي قطع المسافة، حلة) لأن هذا النوع من الرمان قد جيء به من بلد آخر، فإن أختاً لعبد الرحمن الأول، كانت في المشرق فأرسلته إليه. ويشير أحمد بن الفرج في بيت ينقله المقري (1: 305) إلى نفس أصل هذه الكلمة، وهو محتمل لدي. - الشعري اقرأه السفري وانظر ما تقدم. - العدسي وهو في مخطوطتنا المقدسي. - المُحَبَّب (انظر المحبب). - المُرْسِّي (ابن العوام 1: 273)، والمرسى الياقوتي أيضاً نسبة إلى مرسية ولونه لون الياقوت (ابن بطوطة 4: 366)، يقول (وهو في ملقا) إنه لا مثيل له في أي بلد آخر. - المروني هو الرومي في مخطوطتنا (وفيها: ولونه أحمر قاني). - الرمان الذكر وهو زهر الرمان البري (ابن العوام 1: 273، 280).
عصير (شراب) الرمانَينْ: ذكر في تقويم قرطبة (ص83، ص89)، وقد ترجمه المترجم اللاتيني إلى ما معناه: عصير نوعين من الرمان، وربما كان معنى هذا عصير نوعين من الرمان.
رُمَّانة: قفل (بولاند).
رمانة الفخِذ: رأس عظم الفخذ المستدير. ففي معجم المنصوري: هي الرأس المستدير في طرف عظم الفخذ يدخل في حُقّ الورك فيكون من ذلك مفصل الورك.
رمانة الكتف: أخرم، طرف أعلى الكتف (بوشر).
رمى رمَى: قذف، تقيأ، وخرى (بوشر).
رمَى: حدر السفينة، أنزلها إلى البحر (مملوك 1، 2: 89).
رمَى لفلان: علمه القذف بالقوس، ففي الفخري (ص370): ورمى بالبُنْدق ورمى له ناس كثيرون، إن الجمل الأخرى الموجودة في هذه الفقرة تؤيد أن هذا التعبير يدل على هذا المعنى.
رمى الحجارة في بستان فلان: تستعمل مجازاً بمعنى ثلبه مواربة وتعريضاً (بوشر).
رمى: وضع فتى عاملاً عند تاجر (انظر مثالاً له في مادة رَهادِنَة).
رمى فلاناً ورمى به: اتهمه (انظر لين 1162) (مملوك 1، 2: 186 - 169)، وفيه أيضاً: كان يُرْمَى بامرأة أي يتهم بامرأة.
رمى إلى فلان: سلّم إليه، ألقى إليه، فقال مثلاً رمى إليه بالمقاليد: سلم إليه مفاتيح المدينة أي سلم إليه ملك المدينة. ويقال مجازاً رمى غليه بمقاليده: أي ألقى إليه زمام أمره، فوض أمره إلى تدبيره، ولم يفعل شيئاً إلا بمشورته (عباد 1: 258، 294، رقم 209)، ويقال رمى إليه بأموره: ألقى إليه زمام أموره، فوض أموره إليه (ابن الأبار مخطوطة ص26 ق).
رمى على: تسلَّط، أشرف، أناف، علا (بوشر).
رمى على فلان ورمى عليهم تكاليف: أوقرهم بالضرائب وثقّل عليهم، فرض عليهم الضرائب (بوشر)، وفي النويري (أفريقية ص18 و): وترمى على كل زوج يُحْرث به ثمانية دنانير فأزل عن رعيتك، أي تفرض ثمانية دنانير على كل زوج بقر يحرث به الخ.
وفي رياض النفوس (ص82 ق) كذلك: فحُبِس بعض يوم ورُمِيَت عليه خمسون ديناراً، أي فرضت عليه خمسون ديناراً غرامة.
رمى على فلان: طرح عليه بضاعة وأجبره على شرائها بالثمن الغالي الذي فرضه (مثل طرح التي هي مرادف هذا الفعل) (أماري ديب ص192). وفي رياض النفوس (ص88 و): فرمى السلطان على القطَّانين قُطُناً كان عنده وحسبه عليهم بدينارين القنطار وكان يسوى ديناراً ونصف من عندي، وفيه بعد ذلك: أَيْنَ القُطُنُ الذي طرحتُه عليك.
رمى في فلان: سعى به، وشى به، قدح فيه وطعن فيه عند رؤسائه (بوشر).
رمى إباحة عليه ب أو في: تحداه ب أو في (بوشر).
رمى مَدَافِعٍ السلامة: أطلق المدافع لإعلان عودته سالماً (ألف ليلة 2: 117).
رمى الذهب على الفضة والفضة على الذهب: يظهر أن معناها ذَهَّب وفَضَّض (ألف ليلة 4: 300)، وفي طبعة برسل: في بدل على.
رمى رأسه: قطع رأسه (ألف ليلة برسل 3: 277)، ويقال: رمى رقبته أيضاً (بوشر، بركهارت نوبية ص 409، ألف ليلة 1: 320، 360)، ورمى عنقه (ألف ليلة 1: 6)، ويقال أيضاً: رمى أجنحته أي قطع أجنحته (ألف ليلة 1: 31).
رمى طفلاً في سكة: أهمله وتركه في الطريق (بوشر).
رمى طاعةً ل: أطاعه وأذعن له وانقاد له وامتثل أمره (بوشر).
رمى الفتنة: أوضع في الفتنة وأثار الفتن والشقاق، دس الدسائس. ورمى الفِتَن: أفسد، فتق، فرّق. ورمى الفتنة بين: أفسد بين الأصدقاء وفتنهم، ورمى الشقاق بينهم: جعلهم يختلفون ويتعادون.
ويقال أيضاً رمى بين: أفسد بين، فتن بين (بوشر).
رمى لَحْمَه: نحل، هزل، نحف (بوشر).
رمى نفسه على: ألقى نفسه عليه، مهد لعقد صداقة معه (بوشر).
رماه الزمان: أصابته الرزايا، ولازمته التعاسة وسوء الحال (كوسج طرائف ص85)، ويظهر أن في هذا إيجاز حذف وأن الأصل: رماه الزمان بالدواهي (انظر لين 1162 في الوسط).
رماه بالبهتان: افترى عليه، قدح فيه، بهته، ألحد به (بوشر).
رماه بالرأي، يقال: أشار بالرأي ورماك به: أي أشار عليه بأفضل مشورة (معجم الطرائف).
رمى في الخطية: أغوى، غرّ، أضلْ (بوشر).
رمى للــأيأس: أيأس، حمله على اليأس والقنوط (بوشر).
أرمى: رمى عن القوس، أطلق سهماً (ألكالا).
أرمى: صرف، سرّح (الخادم) (ألكالا). أرمى: ألقى (طفلاً) في الطريق وتركه فيه (ألكالا).
أرمى: أسقطت، طرحت، أجهضت، ألقت ولدها لغير تمام (ألكالا).
أرمى، أرمى النبات: أطلع، أفرع، أنبت (ألكالا). ويقال: أرمى الأغصان، أفرعت الأغصان (فوك).
أرمى: حرك الذراعين (ألكالا).
أرمى: رمى عن القوس (ألكالا)، وأطلق القذافة التي تقذف بالحجارة (ألكالا).
أرمى: هاجم، صاول (ألكالا).
أرمى: قطع الطريق، سلب المارة (ألكالا)، وفيه أيضاً: أرمى في الطريق.
أرمى في العار: أخزاه، عَرَّه بشر، أخجله (ألكالا).
ترامى، ترامى إلى الطاعة: خضع واستسلم (أخبار ص28)، ويقال في نفس المعنى ترامى إلى فلان (أخبار ص115).
ترامى إلى: تطلع إلى، تطاول إلى. ففي تاريخ البربر (1: 636): ترامى إلى الرياسة.
ترامى على الموت بنفسه: عرض نفسه للموت (عبد الواحد ص99).
ترامى على فلان: تواقع وتضرع إليه (محيط المحيط، المقري 1: 900).
ترامى: انهمك في، تطرح في. ففي الخطيب (ص136 و): مترامياً للخسائس.
ارتمى: اطرح، انطرح (ألكالا).
ارتمى على رجليه: طرخ نفسه على قدميه (بوشر).
ارتمى ب: رمى ب، رشق ب، ألقى ب (القلائد ص53).
ارتمى ب: أبهر البصر، ففي رحلة ابن جبير (ص85): ذَهَبٌ ترتمي بالأبصار شعاعُه. غير أن في عبارات أخر لنفس المؤلف (ص153، ص270، ص296): يرتمي الأبصارَ. وكذلك طبعها السيد رايت (ص90، ص114)، وفي المخطوطة للأبصار، انظر المقري (1: 241) وقد صححتها في رسالتي إلى السيد فليشر (ص31).
ارتمى إلى: طمح إلى، تطلع إلى، تطاول إلى (المقري 2: 261)، مثل ترامى إلى.
رَمْيٌ: إجهاض، طرح، إسقاط الجنين (ألكالا).
رَمْيَة: قذفة بآلة قذف الحجارة (ألكالا).
رَمْيَة: غارة مفاجئة، كبسة (ألكالا).
رَمِيَّة: فرض ضريبة جديدة على الذين يدفعون ما لا قيمه له (بوشر).
رمية: حصة من القمح المجموع الذي يداس من وقت إلى وقت خر (ميهرن ص29).
رامٍ: حامل القوس (فوك).
رُمَاة الديار: اسم يطلق في الأندلس على كتيبة من الفرسان، ففي النويري (مصر مخطوطة 2 ص183 ق): فخرج إليهم جماعة من فرسان الأندلس المعروفين برماة الديار.
رماة المماليك: اسم لكتيبة في جيش الأندلس، ففي حيّان (ص71 ق) في كلامه عن ابن حفصون: وأرسل أصحابَه لإفساد مضرب الأمير عبد الله ولم يكن فيه ليلتئذ غير الباتية (البائتة) من الغلمان ورماة المماليك.
رُمَاة: يظهر أن معناها جمع مرمى مثل مرامٍ. ففي كرتاس (ص220): فتحصن الروم بالأسوار والرماة.
مَرْمىً، نزع إلى مراميه: مال وحن إلى مقاصده وخططه (دي سلان، تاريخ البربر 1: 470). والاستعارة مأخوذة من سباق الخيل (انظر تاريخ البربر 1: 472).
مَرَام: كوى الرمي في الحصون تطلق منها القذائف، وهي جمع مرمى (النويري لدى كاترمير مغول ص254).
مَرْمِيُّ: ما يطرح ويرمى من مثل وزن البراميل والآنية وغيرها التي تحتوي على السلعة، فهي تطرح عند وزن البضاعة (معجم الإسبانية ص313).

رمن

رُمَّانٌ [The pomegranate;] a certain fruit, (T,) the produce of a certain tree, (M,) well known: (T, S, M, K:) n. un. with ة: (S, M, Msb, K:) the sweet sort thereof relaxes the state of the bowels, and cough; the sour sort has the contrary effect; and that which is between sweet and sour is good for inflammation of the stomach, and pain of the heart: the رمّان has six flavours, like the apple; and is commended for its delicacy, its quick dissolving, and its niceness, or its elegance: (K:) رُمَّانٌ is of the measure فُعْلَانٌ accord. to Sb: (M in art. رم:) Kh, being asked by Sb respecting الرُّمَّان, (S,) or [rather] respecting رُمَّان, (M in art. رم,) when used as a proper name, (S,) said that he declined it imperfectly (S, M) when [thus made] determinate; (S;) and that he made it to accord to the majority, because its derivation is unknown, (S, M, *) i. e., that he regarded its ا and ن as augmentative: (S:) but accord. to Akh, the ن is radical, (S,) [i. e.] he held it to be of the measure فُعَّالٌ, making it to accord to many similar names of plants, (M,) like حُمَّاضٌ &c., (S, M,) فُعَّالٌ being more common than فُعْلَان; (S;) he meant, as applied to plants; for otherwise the contr. is the case: (TA:) [Fei says,] the measure is فُعَّالٌ, the ن being radical, and therefore the word is perfectly decl., unless when used as a proper name, in which case it is imperfectly decl., being made to accord to the majority [of proper names ending with ا and ن, as عُثْمَانُ &c.]. (Msb.) [Freytag mentions several varieties of رمّان, as follows: but the names, as given by him and here transcribed, require verification or correction: “ رمان القسطيسى, رمان المرسى, رمان العدسى, رمان الخزاينى, رمان الترحين, رمان المرونى, qui ad speciem dulcium pertinent: tum رمان شعرى dulce et corticem tenuissimum habens: رمان امليسى Malum Punicum maximum, esu gratissimum et acinorum expers: رمان السحى, رمان الدلوى, رمان الدوارى, sunt minoris magnitudinis, formæ rotundæ: رمان السفريا Malum Punicum magnitudine et sapore præstantissimum, a viro Sefri dicto ita appellatum, quod a Syria Cordubam regnante Abd-Alrahmano hanc speciem transtulerat: ” and he refers to “ Casiri, Bibl. Ar. Hisp. T. i. p. 329; and Avicenn. L. ii. p. 254; ” the latter of which authors only mentions the properties of the رمّان.] b2: رُمَّانُ السَّعَالِى [in the CK السُّعالَى] The white خَشْخَاش [or poppy]: or a species thereof. (K. [The heads of the poppy are called رُمَّانُ الخَشْخَاشِ because of their resemblance to pomegranates.]) b3: رُمَّانُ الأَنْهَارِ [Androsæmum; or hypericum majus;] the large species of هَيُوفَارِيقُون. (K.) b4: [In the present day, رُمَّانٌ and more properly رُمَّانَتَانِ are used as meaning (assumed tropical:) A young woman's breasts, when small and round; they being likened to pomegranates. In a saying of Umm-Zara, (mentioned in the M in art. رم,) رُمَّانَتَانِ seems to be used in this sense, or as meaning a woman's posteriors.] b5: The n. un., رُمَّانَةٌ, is also used, vulgarly, as meaning (assumed tropical:) The قَطِنَة [or third stomach, commonly called the manyplies, and by some the millet, of a ruminant animal]: (K in art. قطن:) or it signifies (assumed tropical:) the thing [or part] in which is the fodder, of the horse. (M and TA in art. رم and in the present art.) One says, مَلَأَتِ الدَّابَّةُ رُمَّانَتَهَا (assumed tropical:) [The beast filled its رمّانة]. (TA.) And أَكَلَ حَتَّى نَتَأَتْ رُمَّانَتَهُ, meaning (assumed tropical:) He ate until his navel with the parts around it projected. (TA.) b6: [(assumed tropical:) A knob of metal, of wood, and of silk, &c.: so called as resembling in shape a pomegranate.] b7: And [for the same reason] (assumed tropical:) The weight of a steelyard, or Roman balance. (MA.) [Also applied in the present day to (assumed tropical:) The steelyard itself; and so رُومَانَة.]

رُمَّانَةٌ n. un. of رُمَّانٌ [in the proper sense of this word, and also in several tropical senses expl. in the latter part of the next preceding paragraph]. (S, M, Msb, K.) رُمَّانِىٌّ [Of, or relating to, the pomegranate. b2: ] A seller of رُمَّان [or pomegranates]. (TA.) b3: [Of the colour of the pomegranate. b4: (assumed tropical:) Rubycoloured. b5: And, accord. to Golius, on the authority of a gloss in a copy of the KL, (assumed tropical:) The ruby itself.]

رُمَّانِيَّةٌ A kind of food prepared with pomegranates. (KL.) رُمَيْمِينَةٌ dim. of رُمَّانٌ [or rather of رُمَّانَةٌ, the n. un.]. (TA.) مَرْمَنَةٌ A place of growth of رُمَّان [or pomegranates], (T, K,) when they, (K,) or their stems, (T,) are numerous therein. (T, K.)

ايس

1 أَيِسَ مِنْهُ, (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـْ (S, Msb, K) and يَأْيِسُ, (Msb,) inf. n. أَيَسٌ, (Msb,) or إِيَاسٌ, (K,) or it has the same inf. n. as يَئِسَ, namely يَأْسٌ, (S,) with which ↓ إِيَاسٌ is syn., (Mgh,) but this last is a contraction of إِيآسٌ, of the measure إِيعَاسٌ, as determined by Az, and is not an inf. n. of أَيِسَ as some think it to be, (Mgh, art. يئِس,) He despaired of it; syn. قنِط: (K:) a dial. var. of يَئِسَ: (ISk, S, TA:) or it is not so, but is formed by transposition from يَئِسَ, because it has no [proper] inf. n.; and إِيَاسٌ, the proper name of a man, is not to be adduced in evidence, for it is of the measure فِعَالٌ from الأَوْسُ, “ the act of giving: ” (Preface to the M, quoted in the TA:) if it were a dial. var. of يَئِسَ, they would say إِسْتُ for أَيِسْتُ: (M, TA:) and أُيِسَ, incorrectly written أُويسَ, also signifies the same. (Mgh.) A2: أَيْسَ: see لَيْسَ.2 اَيَّسَ see 4.4 آيَسَهُ He made him to despair; (K;) like

أَيْأَسَــهُ; (S, Mgh;) and so ↓ أيّسهُ, (S * K,) inf. n. تَأْيِيسٌ. (S.) أَيِسٌ and ↓ آيِسٌ [Despairing]; part. ns. of أَيِسَ. (Msb.) b2: [Hence,] آيِسَةٌ [and accord. to Golius ↓ أَيْسَآءُ, both properly meaning Despairing of the recurrence of the menstrual flux;] who has not menstruated in a period of five and fifty years. (KT.) أَيْسَآؤُ: see أَيِسٌ.

إِيَاسٌ: see 1.

آيِسٌ: see أَيِسٌ.

كنف: كنف: كنف الشيء صانه وحفظه وحاطه (المقري 101:1، 19).
كنف: خضع، دان استسلم. (الكالا): Sometersa a otro ser sugeto اكنف ب: أحاط (معجم جغرافيا). تكنّف: صان، وضع فلاناً في حمايته، (المقري 1، 352، 8): حين رأى اورلاندو نفسه مهدداً من جيوش المسلمين عزم على الذهاب إلى بلاط الخليفة دون أن يطلب الأمان من قبل ومعه نحو من عشرين من كبار رجاله فتكنفهم غالب، حاكم مدينة سالي ووضعهم في حمايته.
تكنف: أعتقد أن هذا الفعل يعني في العادة: أحاط، كان يمين الشيء وشماله ففي (معجم مسلم ص35) ورد ذكر الشاعر الذي يصف فرساً سريعة، كأنما تكنّف عطفيها جناحا خَفَيْدد أي كأنما أحاط جنبيها جناحا نعامة، هنا يبدو أن مصنف المعجم يريد أن يشتق من كنف كلمة ترادف الجناح والتزود بأجنحة.
تكانف (اسم جمع): تعاون، تساند (الكامل 7: 645).
انكنف: (انظرها في معجم فوك في مادة providerre) .
اكتنف: احتوى، تضمن، معجم الادريسي، البربرية 601:1، 4).
اكتنف: دعم. سند. (حيان 99): عاقده على القيام بدعوته والاكتناف لدولته.
اكتنف: (انظر في معجم فوك في مادة providere) .
كنف. كنف الإنسان: حضنه أي العضدان والصدر (محيط المحيط) (الحضن والذراعان) (والذراع هنا يمتد من الكتف إلى المرفق بمعناه التشريحي) وأعتقد أن هذا هو المعنى الذي قصد إليه معجم الطرائف: ما كشفت لامرأة كنفاً منذ .. الخ أي لم أكشف حضناً لأي امرأة منذ الخ ... أو (لم أعتقد صلات أو أخالط امرأة) و: ما علم الله أني طالعت كنف حرام قط. إن المصنف هنا يريد من كلمة كنف أن تطابق معناها في اللغة العبرية أي كلمة (كناف) العبرية التي ترادف lacinia vestis باللاتينية التي تعني الرباط الذي يربط الفستان عند الصدر إلاّ إنه لم يحسب حساباً لوجوب إثبات قيام علاقة مع كلمة كنف العربية أولاً وان المرادف العبري واللاتيني لا يتفق وكلمة طالع التي معناها رأي أو تأمل.
كنفاتي: صانع وبائع الكنافة (انظر كنافة في ألف ليلة 678:4، 13).
كنيف وجمعها كنائف: مرحاض (فوك).
كنيف: محاط بسياج (معجم جغرافيا).
كُنافَة (بكسر الكاف في محيط المحيط ص794: نوع من الحلويات المولّدين ج كنافات وصانعها كنافاني وكنافاتي وسكونها عند برجرن وضمها عندلين وبارتون): نوع من الشعرية تصنع من فتائل العجين تقلى بالزبد ويسكب عليها العسل المذاب (انظر برجرن 267، لين عادات 183:1 و218 و118:2 وألف ليلة 243:1 و728:3 وبرتون 380:2 وهرن 34). إن هذه الكلمة، وفقاً للقصص التي وردت في رياض النفوس، وقد استعملت منذ القرن الثاني للهجرة أنظرها في ص21 وص58: إنّي كان عندي شيء من سميد وعسل وزبد فقلت لي نفسي اليوم أعمل كنافة للشيخ وانظر عند (كاباب 78): والكنافة رغائف رقيقة جداً تطبخ ثم يعمل فيها الأفاوية والعسل ألف ليلة 677:4).
كنافاتي وكنافاني: صانع وبائع الكنافة (محيط المحيط).
كنّاف: منظف أقذار المراحيض (فوك، البكري 148، المقري 763، 6 و755:3، 2).
مكنّف: شاسع، بعيد الأطراف (البلدان معجم الجغرافيا).