غلظ

1 غَلُظَ, aor. ـُ (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K;) and غَلَظَ, aor. ـِ (Sgh, K;) inf. n. [of the former] غِلَظٌ (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K) and ↓ غِلَاظَةٌ and ↓ غِلْظَةٌ (S, * O, K, * TK) and ↓ غُلْظَةٌ and ↓ غَلْظَةٌ, (O, K, * TK,) all are inf. ns. of غَلُظَ, (O,) or the last three, the second and third of which are mentioned in the Bári', on the authority of IAar, are simple substs.; (Msb;) and perhaps غَلْظٌ may be an inf. n. [of the latter verb]; (ISd, TA;) It (a thing, Msb) was, or became, thick, gross, big, bulky, or coarse; (Mgh, Msb, K;) it (a thing) became غلِّيظ; as also ↓ استغلظ. (S.) You say, غَلُظَ جِسْمُهُ His body was, or became, thick, &c. (Mgh.) And الزَّرْعُ ↓ استغلظ i. q. غَلُظَ, (Jel in xlviii. 29,) The seed-produce became thick: (Bd:) or strong: (Msb:) or well grown and thick: and in like manner one says of any plant or tree: (TA:) and غَلُظَتِ السُّنْبُلَةُ, and ↓ استغلظت, the ear of corn produced grain. (K.) [And غَلْظَ الثَّوْبُ The garment, or piece of cloth, was thick, or coarse.] And غَلُظَتِ الأَرْضُ, inf. n. غِلَظٌ, and perhaps غَلْظٌ may be also an inf. n. [of this verb, or, more probably, of غَلَظَت], The land was, or became, rough, or rugged. (ISd. TA.) [In this sense, also, غَلُظَ is used in relation to various things.] b2: [Said of a colour, It was dense, or deep: see غَلِيظٌ.] b3: Also (tropical:) He was, or became, characterized by غِلْظَة, the contr. of رِقَّة, in manners, disposition, action or conduct, speech, life, and the like; (TA;) i. e., rough; coarse; rude; unkind; hard; churlish; uncivil; surly; hard to deal with; incompliant; unobsequious; evil in disposition; illnatured; or the like (S, by its explanation of غِلْظَةٌ and غِلَاظَةٌ; and Msb: *) and in like manner, [as meaning it was, or became, hard, or difficult, and the like, (see غَلِيظٌ,)] it is said of an affair: (TA:) and ↓ تغلّظ is said of a crime; meaning it was gross, or great; but this is accord. to analogy only; not on the authority of hearsay. (Mgh.) It is said in the Kur [ix. 74, and lxvi. 9], واغْلُظْ عَلَيْهِمْ And use thou roughness towards them: (Bd in lxvi. 9:) and some read وَاغْلِظْ, with kesr to the ل. (TA.) [See also غِلْظَةٌ, below.]2 غلّظ الشَّىْءَ, inf. n. تَغْلِيظٌ, He made, or rendered, the thing غَلِيظ [in the proper sense, i. e., thick, gross, big, bulky, or coarse; &c.: b2: and also, and more commonly, in a tropical sense, i. e., (tropical:) hard, or difficult, and the like]: (TA:) and غلّظ عَلَيْهِ الشَّىْءَ, inf. n. as abuse, (tropical:) [he made the thing hard, or difficult, or the like, to him;] and hence دِيَةٌ مَغَلَّظَةٌ, which see below. (S, TA,) [Hence also,] غَلَّظْتُ اليَمِينَ, inf. n. as above, (assumed tropical:) I made the oath strong, or forcible; I confirmed, or ratified, it: (Msb;) [and so ↓ أَغْلَظْتُهَا; for you say,] حَلَفَ بِإِغْلَاظِ اليَمِينِ (tropical:) [He swore, making the oath strong, &c.]. (TA.) And غَلَّظْتُ عَلَيْهِ فِى

اليَمِينِ, inf. n. as above, (assumed tropical:) I was hard, rigorous, or severe, to him in the oath. (Msb.) b3: تَغْلِيظٌ in pronunciation: see تَفْخِيمٌ.3 مُغَالَظَةٌ is similar to مُعَارَضَةٌ (assumed tropical:) [The act of mutually opposing, and app. with roughness, coarseness, or the like]: (TA:) and signifies a state of mutual enmity or hostility. (IDrd, K.) See غِلْظَةٌ, below, last sentence.4 اغلظ الثَّوْبَ He found the garment, or piece of cloth, to be thick, or coarse: (K:) or he bought it thick, or coarse: (S, K:) the former is the more correct: (O:) or the former only is correct. (TS.) b2: اغلظت اليَمِينَ: see 2.

A2: اغلظ [is also intrans., and signifies] He (a man, Ibn-'Abbád) alighted, or alighted and abode, in a rough, or rugged, tract of land. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) b2: اغلظ لَهُ فِى القَوْلِ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) (tropical:) He was, or became, rough, harsh, coarse, rude, uncivil, or ungentle, to him in speech: (Mgh, Msb, K:) one should not say غلّظ. (TA.) 5 تَغَلَّظَ see 1, near the end.

استغلظ: see 1, in three places.

A2: استغلظهُ He saw it to be, regarded it as, or esteemed it, thick, gross, big, bulky, or coarse. (Msb.) He abstained from purchasing it (namely a garment, or piece of cloth, S) because of its thickness, or coarseness. (S, K.) غَلْظٌ Rough, or rugged, land or ground; (ISd, K;) mentioned on the authority of Ibn-'Abbád; and by AHn, on the authority of En-Nadr; but it has been repudiated: and is said to be correctly ↓ غِلَظٌ: ISd says, of the former word, “I know not whether it be [properly] syn. with غَلِيظٌ, or whether it be an inf. n. used as an epithet: ”

accord. to Kr, it signifies hard land without stones: Ks says that غَلْظٌ is syn. with ↓ غِلَظٌ. (TA.) غِلَظٌ: [see 1: b2: and] see غَلْظٌ, in two places.

غَلْظَةٌ: see what next follows.

غُلْظَةٌ: see what next follows.

غِلْظَةٌ and ↓ غُلْظَةٌ and ↓ غَلْظَةٌ: see 1: these three forms are mentioned by Zj, (TA,) and in the Bári', (Msb, TA,) on the authority of IAar, (Msb,) and by Sgh; but the first of them [only] is commonly known: (TA:) they are substs. from غَلُظَ; and signify Thickness, grossness, bigness, bulkiness, or coarseness. (Msb.) [And Roughness, or ruggedness.] b2: Also (tropical:) Contr. of رِقَّةٌ, in manners, disposition, action or conduct, speech, life, and the like; (TA;) i. e. roughness, coarseness, rudeness, unkindness, hardness, churlishness, incivility, surliness, roughness in manners, hardness to deal with, incompliance, unobsequiousness, evilness of disposition, illnature, or the like: (S, Msb: *) and in like manner, hardness, or difficulty, of an affair. (TA, as shown by an explanation of غَلِيظٌ.) You say, رَجُلٌ فِيهِ غِلْظَةٌ (tropical:) A man in whom is roughness, coarseness, rudeness, &c.; (S, Msb; *) as also ↓ غِلَاظَةٌ. (S.) And it is said in the Kur [ix. 124], وَلْيَجِدُوا فِيكُمْ غِلْظَةٌ, in which the last word is pronounced in the three different ways shown above, accord. to different readers; meaning (tropical:) [And let them find in you] hardness, or strength, or vehemence, and superiority in fight: (TA:) or hardness, or strength, or vehemence, and patient endurance of fight: (Bd:) or hardness, or strength, or vehemence, in enmity and in fight and in making captives. (Mgh.) And you say, بَيْنَهُمَا غِلْظَةٌ (tropical:) Between them two is enmity, or hostility; as also ↓ مُغَالَظَةٌ. (IDrd, K.) غُلَاظٌ: see what next follows.

غَلِيظٌ (S, &c.) Thick, gross, big, bulky, or coarse; (Mgh, Msb, K;) as also ↓ غُلَاظٌ: (K:) fem. of the former with ة: (TA:) and pl. غِلَاظٌ. (Msb, TA.) Applied [to a body, &c.; and, as meaning Thick, or coarse,] to a garment, or piece of cloth. (Mgh, K.) You say also, أَرْضٌ غَلِيظَةٌ Rough, or rugged, land. (ISd, TA.) [And in this sense, of rough, or rugged, غَلِيظٌ is used in relation to various things.] b2: Applied to a colour [Dense, or deep: see غَضْبٌ]. (K in art. غضب.) b3: Also, applied to a man, (tropical:) Characterized by غِلْظَة, the contr. of رِقَّة, in manners, disposition, action or conduct, speech, life, and the like; rough, coarse, rude, unkind, hard, churlish, uncivil, surly, rough in manners, hard to deal with, incompliant, unobsequious, evil in disposition, illnatured, or the like: (Msb, * TA:) and so غَلِيظُ الجَانِبِ; [contr. of لَيِّنُ الجَانِبِ:] (O and K in art. فظ:) and غَلِيظُ القَلْبِ hard-hearted; (Bd in iii. 153;) evil in disposition, or illnatured. (TA.) Applied also to an affair, meaning (tropical:) Hard, or difficult. (TA.) And to punishment, [in the Kur xi. 61, &c.,] meaning (tropical:) Vehement, or severe; (Mgh;) intensely painful. (Msb.) And [in like manner] to slaying and wounding. (TA.) and to a compact, or covenant, [in the Kur iv. 25, &c.,] meaning (tropical:) Strong, confirmed, or ratified. (Mgh, TA.) And to water, meaning (tropical:) Bitter. (TA.) غِلَاظَةٌ: see 1, first sentence; and غِلْظَةٌ.

أَغْلَظُ comparative and superlative of غَلِيظٌ [in all its senses]. (IJ.) دِيَةٌ مُغَلَّظَةٌ (assumed tropical:) [A bloodwit, or fine for bloodshed, made hard, rigorous, or severe;] one which is incumbent for what is like an intentional homicide; (S;) or for a homicide purely intentional, and for that which is intentional but committed in mistake, and for that which is committed in the sacred territory, and for the slaughter of a kinsman; (EshSháfi'ee;) consisting of thirty camels of the description termed حِقَّة, and thirty of that termed جَذَعَة, and forty between the ثَنِيَّة and the بَازِل, all pregnant. (Esh-Sháfi'ee, K.) And يَمِينٌ مُغَلَّظَةٌ (assumed tropical:) [An oath made strong or forcible, or confirmed, or ratified.] (S.) b2: العَوْرَةُ المُغَلَّظَةُ: see عَوْرَةٌ.

مُسْتَغْلَظُ [The thick part of the fore arm]. (TA.)

خشن

1 خَشُنَ, aor. ـُ (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. خُشُونَةٌ and خُشْنَةٌ (S, Msb, K, KL) and خَشَانَةٌ (CK, TA, but omitted in some copies of the K) and خَشْنٌ and مَخْشَنَةٌ, (K,) It was, or became, rough, harsh, or coarse; (K, * KL, PS;) contr. of لَانَ, (S, K,) or of نَعُمَ; (Msb;) as also ↓ تخشّن. (K.) b2: [Hence,] هُوَ ذُو خَشْنَةٍ and خُشُونَةٍ (K) and مَخْشَنَةٍ (TA) (tropical:) He is difficult, refractory, or stubborn; not to be coped with. (K, TA. [See also خَشِنٌ.]) And خَشُنَ عَلَيْهِ صَدْرِهِ and عليه صدره ↓ اخشوشن (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, angry with him. (Sh, TA.) See also 3.2 خَشَّنَ [خشّنهُ He made it rough, harsh, or coarse. b2: Hence,] خشّن صَدْرَهُ, inf. n. تَخْشِينٌ, (tropical:) He exasperated him; made him to be affected with wrath, or rage. (S, K, TA.) A poet says, وَخَشَّنَتْ صَدْرًا جَيْبُهُ لَكَ نَاصِحُ [explained in art. جيب]. (S.) 3 خاشنهُ, (S, M, K,) inf. n. مُخَاشَنَةٌ, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) He was rough, harsh, or coarse, to him; syn. عَلَيْهِ ↓ خَشُنَ; in speech, and in action; (M, TA;) [he acted towards him, or with him, roughly, harshly, or coarsely;] contr. of لَايَنَهُ. (S, K.) 5 تَخَشَّنَ see 1: b2: and see also 12.10 استخشنهُ He found it [or esteemed it] rough, harsh, or coarse. (K.) A2: Hence, in a trad. of 'Alee, making mention of pious men of learning, اسْتَلَانُوا مَا اسْتَخْشَنَ المُتْرَفُونَ (assumed tropical:) [and they esteemed, or esteem, soft, or smooth, what those leading a life of ease and plenty esteemed, or esteem, rough, harsh, or coarse]. (TA.) and استخشن المَقَامَ فِى مَحَلِّ كَذَا (assumed tropical:) [He esteemed unpleasant, or uncomfortable, the remaining in such a place of abode]. (TA in art. بشع.) 12 اخشوشن (JK, S, K) and ↓ تخشّن (K) It was, or became, very rough, harsh, or coarse: (S, K:) or (K.) he wore rough, harsh, or coarse, clothes: (JK, K:) or the former signifies also he accustomed himself to the wearing of such clothes: (S:) or each, he ate rough, harsh, or coarse, food: (TA:) or the former, (JK,) or each, (K,) (assumed tropical:) he said what was rough, harsh, or coarse: (JK, K, TA:) or (assumed tropical:) he lived a rough, or coarse, life. (K.) The former verb is more intensive in all its senses (K, TA) than خَشُنَ and تخشّن, because of the repetition of the medial radical and the addition of the و; and the same is the case of every verb of this class, as اعشوشب and the like, as is indicated in the S. (TA.) b2: See also 1.

خَشِنٌ Rough, harsh, or coarse; (S, * Msb, * K, KL, PS;) applied to a thing (S, Msb, K) of any kind; (K;) as also ↓ أَخْشَنُ: (S, Msb, K:) in relation to a stone, they seldom or never say otherwise than أَخْشَنُ: (Msb:) the fem. of the former is with ة; (Msb, K;) and the pl. is خُشُنٌ, (Msb,) [also said to be a pl. by poetic license of أَخْشَنُ, for خُشْنٌ, as will be seen below,] or خِشَانٌ, (K,) which is applied in the sense explained above to land [or lands]: (TA:) the fem. of ↓ أَخْشَنُ is خَشْنَآءُ; (K;) and the pl. is خُشْنٌ. (S.) You say أَرْضٌ خَشِنَةٌ Rough, or rugged, ground or land. (Msb.) And أَرْضٌ

↓ خشْنَآءُ Rugged ground or land, (JK, TA,) in which are stones and sand. (TA.) And مُلَآءَةٌ

↓ خَشْنَآءُ [A wrapper for the body] in which is roughness, harshness, or coarseness, either from newness or from make. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] (assumed tropical:) A strong man. (Msb.) And هُوَ خَشِنُ الجَانِبِ and ↓ أَخْشَنُهُ (tropical:) He is difficult, refractory, or stubborn; not to be coped with. (K, TA. [See also 1.]) And عَاشَ عَيْشًا خَشِنًا (assumed tropical:) He lived a rough, or coarse, life. (K.) See also أَخْشَنُ.

خُشَيْنَآءُ [dim. of خَشْنَآءُ] A certain small herb, or leguminous plant, green, found in meadows, and plains; so called because of its roughness, or harshness, or coarseness. (TA.) See also خَشنَآءُ at the end of the next paragraph.

أَخْشَنُ, and its fem. خَشْنَآءُ: see خَشِنٌ, in five places. You say also كَتِيبَةٌ خَشْنَآءُ (tropical:) [An army, or a portion thereof, bristling with weapons: or] having many weapons: (JK, S, K, TA:) [and in like manner, ↓ جَيْشٌ خَشِنٌ, occurring in the TA in art. خمس:] and مَعْشَرٌ خُشْنٌ and خُشُنٌ; the latter allowable in poetry: (S: [it is there implied that this has a similar meaning:]) or the last signifies (assumed tropical:) [a company of men] who resist harm, or injury. (Ham p. 5.) And أُثْفِيَّةٌ خَشْنَآءُ (assumed tropical:) A great number [of people]. (S in art. ثَفى.) b2: Also, (K, TA,) or ↓ أُخَيْشِنُ, (JK,) (tropical:) A man whose state, or condition, is discommended. (JK, K, TA. [See also مُخَشَّنَةٌ.]) And the fem., (assumed tropical:) A she-camel lean, or emaciated. (JK, K.) and سَنَةٌ خَشْنَآءُ (assumed tropical:) A year of drought or distress. (JK.) b3: A rájiz says, مِنْ يَثْرِبِيَّاتٍ خُشْنِ meaning [Of the fabric of Yethrib,] new [unfeathered arrows]. (S, TA.) b4: خَشْنَآءُ also signifies A certain green herb, or leguminous plant, (A Hn, JK, K,) having short leaves, (JK,) that spreads upon the ground, (AHn,) rough to the feel, but soft in the mouth, viscous like purslane; (AHn, K;) its blossom is yellow, and it is eaten [by men], and is like wise a pasture: (AHn:) also called ↓ خُشَيْنَآءُ. (TA.) أُخَيْشِنُ dim. of أَخْشَنُ as syn. with خَشِنٌ. (TA.) أُخَيْشِنُ فِى ذَاتِ اللّٰهِ is a phrase occurring in a trad. [app. as meaning (assumed tropical:) Somewhat rough or coarse in clothing, or in mode of living, for the sake, or to obtain the approbation, of God]. (S, TA.) See also أَخْشَنُ.

مُخَشَّنَةٌ A she-camel whose طِرْق [or condition in respect of fatness] is discommended. (JK, K. [See also أَخْشَنُ.])