شهو

1 شَهِيَهُ and شَهَاهُ: see 8.

A2: شَهَا, aor. ـُ and شَهِىَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. شَهْوَةٌ; It [food &c.] was good, sweet, pleasant, or the like. (MA. [But this, the only meaning there assigned to these two verbs, I do not find elsewhere.]) 2 شَهَّيْتُهُ [I made him, or caused him, to desire, to long, or to desire eagerly]. (Msb.) b2: [and شهّى It excited desire, longing, eager desire, or appetence. For ex., in art. سمق in the K, يُشَهِّى is said of the سُمَّاق, or berry of the sumach, meaning It excites appetence.] b3: And شهّى الشَّىْءَ He, or it, caused the thing to be desired, longed for, or desired eagerly: made it to be good, sweet, pleasant, or the like. (MA.) One says, هٰذَا شَىْءٌ يُشَهِّى الطَّعَامَ i. e. [This is a thing that causes the food to be desired, &c.; that makes it sweet, &c.; or] that incites to desire, or eager desire, of the food. (S, TA.) b4: [And accord. to an explanation of the inf. n., تَشْهِيَةٌ, in the KL, شهّاهُ seems to signify also He said to him, I will give to thee what thou desirest, longest for, or eagerly desirest; agreeably with a rendering of the verb alone, as on the authority of that work, by Golius.]3 شاهاهُ, (K, TA,) inf. n. مُشَاهَاةٌ, (TA,) He was, or became, like him; he resembled him. (K, TA.) A2: Also He jested, or joked, with him: (IAar, TA:) [and] so هَاشَاهُ. (K in art. هشو.) b2: And accord. to IAar, it is also used in relation to the smiting action of the [evil] eye [perhaps meaning He vied with him in smiting with the evil eye: see also 4]. (TA.) 4 اشهاهُ He gave him what he desired or eagerly desired. (K.) b2: And He smote him with an [evil] eye: (K:) in this sense [said to be] formed by transposition from أَشَاهَهُ. (TA.) A2: مَا أَشْهَاهَا إِلَىَّ means that she is desired, or eagerly desired, [i. e. How great an object of desire is she to me!] as though it were from شُهِىَ, though this was not said: and مَا أَشْهَانِى لَهَا means that thou art desiring, or eagerly desiring, [i. e. How desirous, or eagerly desirous, am I of her!] so says Sb. (TA.) 5 تشهّى He demanded with repeated desire. (K, TA.) So in the saying, (TA,) تشهّى عَلَى

فُلَانٍ كَذَا (S, TA) [He demanded with repeated desire, of such a one, such a thing]. b2: See also what next follows.8 اشتهاهُ (S, &c.) He desired it, or longed for it: (Msb:) he loved it; and desired it, or wished for it: (K:) or he desired it eagerly, or intensely: (M in art. فرس: [see an ex. in a poetical citation voce فَرَّسَ:]) and ↓ شَهِيَهُ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (Msb, K;) as also ↓ شَهَاهُ, aor. ـُ (Az, Msb, K;) inf. n. شَهْوَةٌ (S, TA) and شَاهِيَةٌ, which last is an inf. n. [of a rare class] like عَاقِبَةٌ; (TA;) signifies the same: (S, Msb, K:) and so does ↓ تشهّاهُ. (K.) [See what next follows.]

شَهْوَةٌ [mentioned above as an inf. n.] is a word of well-known meaning; (S;) Desire, or longing, or yearning, of the soul for a thing; (Er-Rághib, Msb, TA;) [meaning for a thing gratifying to sense: or eager, or intense, desire; particularly for such a thing; for] it has a more intensive signification than إِرَادَةٌ; and the intelligent agree in opinion that it is not commendable: (M in art. فرس:) [being either lawful or unlawful, it may be rendered as above: or appetite: or appetence: or lust: or carnal lust:] in the present state of existence, it is of two sorts, صَادِقَةٌ [i. e. true], and كَاذِبَةٌ [i. e. false]; the former being that without which the body becomes in an unsound state, as the شَهْوَة [or desire &c.] for food on the occasion of hunger; and the latter being that without which the body does not become in an unsound state: and sometimes it is applied to the object of desire &c., or thing desired &c.: (Er-Rághib, TA:) and agreeably with this last explanation the first of the following pls. is used in the Kur iii.

12: (Ksh, Bd, Jel:) sometimes also it is applied to the faculty to which a thing is made an object of desire &c.: (Er-Rághib, TA:) [also, to the gratification of venereal lust; thus in the K in art. شفر; see شَفِرَتْ and شَفِرَةٌ:] the pl. is شَهَوَاتٌ (Msb, TA) and أَشْهِيَةٌ and شُهًى; the last mentioned by AHei, and a rare instance of a pl. of the measure فُعَلٌ from a sing. of the measure فَعْلَةٌ having an infirm letter for its last radical, like جُهًى pl. of جَهْوَةٌ [and like قُرًى pl. of قَرْيَةٌ]. (TA.) [الشَّهْوَتَانِ means The two appetites, that of the stomach and that of the generative organ.]

الشَّهْوَةُ الخَفِيَّةُ [The latent desire &c.] mentioned in a trad. is said to be any act of disobedience which one conceives in his mind, and upon which he resolves: or one's seeing a beautiful young woman, and lowering his eyes, then looking with his heart, and imaging her to his mind, and so tempting himself. (JM.) [شَهْوَةُ الطِّينِ, lit. The longing for clay, is app. used as a general term for malacia: see حُمَّاضٌ.]

شَهْوَانُ (S, Msb, K, TA) and ↓ شَهْوَانِىٌّ and ↓ شَهِىٌّ, (K, TA,) applied to a man, Desirous, or longing; (S, * Msb, * K, * TA;) or very desirous or longing; greedy; or voracious: (TA:) fem. (of the first, Msb) شَهْوَى: (Msb, K, TA:) pl. [of the first] شَهَاوَى, (K, TA,) like سَكَارَى [pl. of سَكْرَانُ]. (TA.) [See an ex. of the pl. in a verse cited voce جَرْدَبَانٌ.] One says, رَجُلٌ شَهْوَانُ لِلشَّىْءِ [A man desirous &c. of the thing]. (S.) شَهْوَانِىٌّ: see the next preceding paragraph.

شَهِىٌّ i. q. ↓ مُشْتَهًى (S, Msb) [i. e. Desired, longed for, or eagerly desired:] or pleasant, delicious, or sweet: (Msb, TA:) applied to food, (S,) and to water. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] أَبُو الشَّهِىِّ (assumed tropical:) The بَرْبَط [or Persian lute]. (KL.) b3: [and Golius adds, as on the authority of a gloss in a copy of the KL, (assumed tropical:) The water-melon (anguria).]

A2: See also شَهْوَانُ.

شَهَّآءٌ A man having much, or frequent, desire or longing or eager desire. (TA.) [See also شَهْوَانُ.]

شَاهٍ [act. part. n. of 1; Desiring, or longing; &c.]. (Sb, TA.) A2: شَاهِى البَصَرِ A man sharp of sight: (S, K:) formed by transposition from شَائِهُ البَصَرِ. (S.) أَشْهَى [More, and most, desirable, or pleasant or delicious or sweet]. One says, هُوَ أَشْهَى إِلَىَّ مِنْ كَذَا [It is more desirable, or pleasant &c., to me, or in my estimation, than such a thing]. (Msb voce إِلَى.) See also another ex. in a verse cited voce إِلَى, in art. الو.

مُشْتَهًى: see شَهِىٌّ. b2: [Used as a subst., its pl. is مُشْتَهَيَاتٌ.]

سنه

1 سَنِهَ see 5, in two places.3 سانههُ, inf. n. مُسَانَهَةٌ and سِنَاهٌ; and سَاناهُ, inf. n. مُسَانَاةٌ; (K;) or عَامَلَهُ مُسُانَهَةً, and مُسَانَاةً; (Msb;) He made an engagement, or a contract, with him for work or the like, by the year: (K:) and اِسْتَأْجَرْتُهُ مُسَانَهَةً, and مُسَانَاةً, [I hired him by the year:] (S:) مُسَانَهَةٌ and مُسَانَاةٌ from السَّنَةُ are like مُعَاوَمَةٌ from العَامُ, and مُشَاهَرَةٌ from الشَّهْرُ, and مُرَابَعَةٌ from الرَّبِيعُ, &c. (TA in art. ربع.) b2: سانهت النَّخْلَةُ The palm-tree bore one year and not another; (As, K;) as also عَاوَمَت. (As, TA.) 4 أَسْنَهَ In this form of the verb, the final radical letter is changed into ت, so that they say أَسْنَتُوا, meaning They experienced drought, or barrenness. (TA. [See also art. سنت.]) 5 تَسَنَّهْتُ عِنْدَهُ, (S,) and تَسَنَّيْتُ عنده, (S, Msb,) I remained, stayed, dwelt, or abode, with him, or at his abode, a year: (Msb:) both signify the same. (TA.) [See also 5 in art. سنو and سنى.]

b2: تسنّهت النَّخْلَةُ (assumed tropical:) The palm-tree underwent the lapse of years; (S, Msb;) as also ↓ سَنِهَت: (S:) and in like manner one says of other things. (Msb.) b3: تسنّه said of food and of beverage, (Fr, S, TA,) (assumed tropical:) It became altered [for the worse]; as also ↓ سَنِهَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. سَنَهٌ: (TA:) or it became altered [for the worse] by the lapse of years: (Fr, S, TA:) and التَّسَنُّهُ in relation to bread and beverage &c. means the becoming mouldy, or musty, or spoiled. (S: and so in some copies of the K and in the TA: in other copies of the K, السَّنِهُ, like كَتِف, is put in the place of التَّسَنُّهُ; and المُتَكَرِّجُ in the place of the explanation التَّكَرُّجُ.) فَانْظُرْ إِلَى طَعَامِكَ وَشَرَابِكَ لَمْ يَتَسَنَّهْ, in the Kur [ii. 261], means (assumed tropical:) [But look at thy food and thy beverage,] it has not become altered [for the worse] by the lapse of years: (Fr, S, TA:) Az says that this is the right way of reading, by pronouncing the ه in يتسنّه in pausing after it and in continuing without pausing: Ks used to suppress the ه in the latter case and to pronounce it in the former: and Aboo-'Amr EshSheybánee says that the original form [of يَتَسَنَّ] is يَتَسَنَّنْ; the like change being made in it as is made in تَظَنَّيْتُ [for تَظَنَّنْتُ] and in قَصَّيَتُ أَظْفَارِى

[for قَصَّصْتُ اظفارى]. (TA. [See also 5 in art. سنو and سنى, last sentence.]) سَنَةٌ a word of which the final radical letter is rejected, (S, Msb,) and of which there are two dial. vars., (Msb,) being, accord. to some, originally سَنْهَةٌ, (S, Msb,) like جَبْهَةٌ (S) or سَجْدَةٌ, (Msb,) and accord to others, سَنْوةٌ, (S, * Msb,) like شَهْوَةٌ, and upon each of these originals are founded modifications of the word, (Msb,) therefore it is mentioned in the K [and S and other lexicons] in the present art. and again in art. سنو, (TA,) A year; syn. حَوْلٌ; (Msb;) or عَامٌ: (M, K:) or, as Suh says, in the R, the سَنَة is longer than the عَام; the latter word being applied to the [twelve] Arabian months [collectively], and thus differing from the former word: (TA:) with the Arabs it consists of four seasons, mentioned before [in art. زمن, voce زَمَنٌ]: but sometimes it is tropically applied to (tropical:) a single فَصْل [or quarter]; as in the saying, دَامَ المَطَرُ السَّنَةَ كُلَّهَا, meaning [The rain continued] during the فَصْل [or quarter, all of it]: (Msb:) [see more in art. سنو and سنى:] the dim. is ↓ سُنَيْهَةُ (S, Msb) accord. to those who make the original of سَنَةٌ to be سَنْهَةٌ, (Msb,) and ↓ سُنَيَّةٌ (S, Msb) accord. to those who make the original of سَنَةٌ to be سَنْوَةٌ; (Msb;) and some say سُنَيْنَةٌ, but this is rare: (TA:) the pl. is سَنَهَاتٌ (Msb, K) accord. to those who make the original of سَنَةٌ to be سَنْهةٌ, (Msb,) and سَنَوَاتٌ (Msb, K) accord. to those who make the original of سَنَةٌ to be سَنْوَةٌ; (Msb;) and سِنُونَ also, (S, Msb, K,) like the masc. perfect pl., (Msb,) [agreeably with a rule applying to other cases of this kind,] with kesr, to the س, (S, TA,) and سِنِينَ [in the accus. and gen. cases], (Msb, TA,) so that one says, هٰذِهِ سِنُونَ [These are years], and رَأَيْتُ سِنِينَ [I saw years], (TA,) and the ن is elided when it is prefixed to another noun, governing the latter in the gen. case, (Msb,) and some say سُنُونَ, with damm to the س; (S, TA;) and in one dial., the ى is retained in all the cases, and the ن is made a letter of declinability, with tenween when the word is indeterminate, [so that one says سِنِينٌ,] and is not elided when the word is prefixed to another noun, governing the latter in the gen. case, because it is [regarded as] one of the radical letters of the word; and of this dial. is the saying of the Prophet, اَللّٰهُمَّ اجْعَلْهَا عَلَيْهِمْ سِنِينًا كَسِنِينِ يُوسُفَ [O God, make them to be to them years like the years of Joseph]; (Msb; [but in my copy of the Mgh, I find كَسِنِى يُوسُفَ;]) or with respect to سِنِينٌ, like مِئِينٌ, with refa [and tenween], there are two opinions; one is, that it is of the measure فِعْلِينٌ, like غِسْلِينٌ, with a rejection [of one letter], though this is an anomalous pl., for there sometimes occurs among pls. that which has no parallel, as عِدًى, and this is the opinion of Akh; the other is, that it is of the measure فَعِيلٌ, changed to فِعِيلٌ because of the kesreh of the second letter; the pl. being in some instances of the measure فَعِيلٌ, like كَلِيبٌ and عَبِيدٌ; but he who holds this opinion makes its final ن to be a substitute for و, and that of مِائَةٌ a substitute for ى: (S:) you may also suppress the tenween in سِنِينٌ; [in which case it seems that one says سِنِينَ in the nom. case (assimilating it to سِنُونَ) as well as in the accus. and the gen.; like as one does in the instances of بُرِين and بِرِين, pls. of بُرَةٌ, accord. to the K, though, as I have shown in art. برو, there is some doubt on this point;] but the suppression of the tenween in سِنِينٌ is more rare than its pronunciation: (I' Ak p. 18:) and another pl. is سُنِىٌّ, [originally سُنُوٌّ,] of the measure فُعُولٌ. (Er-Rághib, TA in art. سنو.) The phrase ثَلٰثَ مِائَةٍ سِنِينَ, in the Kur [xviii. 24], is said by Akh to be for ثَلٰثَمِائَةٍ مِنَ السِّنِينَ [Three hundred of years]: and he says that if the سِنُون be an explicative of the مِائَة, it is in the gen. case [to agree with مِائَةٍ]; and if an explicative of the ثَلٰث, it is in the accus. case [to agree with ثَلٰثَ]. (S. [See also Bd on this phrase; and see De Sacy's Ar. Gr., 2nd ed., i. 423.]) [لِسَنَةٍ, relating to an animal or a plant or the like, means To the completion of a year: and لِسَنَتِهِ, to the completion of his, or its, year; i. e. in his, or its, first year.] And one says, ↓ لَقِيتُهُ مُنْذُ سُنَيَّاتٍ [I met him some years ago; three or more, to ten, years ago]: a phrase like لَقِيتُهُ ذَاتَ العُوَيْمِ. (Az, TA in art. عوم.) And ↓ سُنَيَّةٌ is a dim. of enhancement, of سَنَةٌ: one says سُنَيَّةٌ حَمْرَآءُ A severe year of drought or barrenness or dearth: (TA:) and البِيضِ ↓ وَقَعُوا فِى السُّنَيَّاتِ [They lapsed into the severe years of scantiness of herbage]: these were years that pressed hard upon the people of ElMedeeneh. (K, TA.) b2: سَنَةٌ [alone] also signifies (tropical:) Drought, or barrenness: (Msb, K, TA:) or vehement, or intense, drought: (TA in art. سنو:) an instance of a noun used especially in one of its senses, like دَابَّةٌ applied to “ a horse,” and مَالٌ applied to “ camels: ” pl., in this, as in the former, sense, سَنَهَاتٌ [and سَنَوَاتٌ] and سِنُونَ and سِنِينٌ. (TA.) One says of a land (أَرْضٌ), أَصَابَتْهَا السَّنَةُ (tropical:) Drought, or barrenness, befell it. (Msb.) And in like manner one says of people, أَصَابَتْهُمُ السَّنَهُ (tropical:) [Drought, &c., befell them]. (TA.) A seeker of herbage and of a place in which to alight was sent to a tract, and found it dried up by want of rain, and when he returned, being asked respecting it, he said, السَّنَةُ, meaning (tropical:) Drought, &c. [has befallen it]. (TA.) And it is said in a trad., اَللّٰهُمَّ أَعِنِّى عَلَى مُضَرَبِالسَّنَةِ, i. e. (tropical:) [O God, aid me against Mudar] by drought &c. (TA.) A2: It is also [used as an epithet,] applied to land (أَرْضٌ), as meaning (tropical:) Affected with drought, or barrenness; (As, S, K;) as also ↓ سَنْهَآءُ and سَنْوَآءُ. (Msb.) One says likewise, هٰذِهِ بِلَادٌ سِنِينٌ (tropical:) These are countries, or tracts, affected with drought &c.: and Et-Tirimmáh says بِمُنْخَرَقٍ تَحِنُّ الرِّيحُ فِيهِ حَنِينَ الحُلْبِ فِى البَلَدِ السِّنِينِ (tropical:) [In a gusty tract, the wind moaning therein like the moaning of the milch ewes or goats (see حَلُوبٌ) in the country affected with drought, or the countries, &c., بَلَد being regarded as a coll. gen. n. and therefore qualified by a pl., like قَوْمٌ in the phrase قَوْمٌ كَافِرُونَ]. (TA.) سَنَهْ سَنَهْ, also pronounced with teshdeed to the ن: see سَنًا, in art. سنو and سنى, last sentence.

طَعَامٌ سَنِهٌ (assumed tropical:) [Food, or wheat,] that has undergone the lapse of years; (Az, K;) as also سَنٍ. (Az, TA.) b2: See also مُتَسَنِّهٌ.

نَخْلَةٌ سَنْهَآءُ (assumed tropical:) A palm-tree that bears one year and not another: (S, K:) or a palm-tree affected by a year of drought. (S.) And سَنَةٌ سَنْهَآءُ A year in which is no herbage nor rain. (TA.) b2: See also سَنَةٌ, last sentence but one.

سُنَيْهَةٌ and سُنَيَّةٌ (dims. of سَنَةٌ), and the pl. سُنَيَّات: see سَنَةٌ, in five places: and see also سُنَيَّةٌ in art. سنو and سنى.

مُتَسَنِّهٌ, applied to bread, (S, K,) and so ↓ سَنِهٌ applied to bread and to beverage &c., (CK, but see 5, third sentence,) (assumed tropical:) Mouldy, or musty, or spoiled. (S, K.)

قيس

1 قاس الشَىْءَ بِغَيْرِهِ, and عَلَى غَيْرِهِ, (S, A, * Msb, * K *; the first and last in this art. and in art. قوس;) and إِلَى غَيْرِهِ, (A, TA,) aor. ـِ (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. قَيْسٌ (S, A, Msb, K) and قِيَاسٌ, (S, A, K,) [which latter is the more common,] He measured the thing (S, A, Msb. K) by another thing (S, Msb, K) like it; (S, K;) [both in the proper sense and mentally; often meaning he compared the thing with another thing;] as also قَاسَهُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. قَوْسٌ (S, Msb, K; the first and last in art. قوس;) and قِيَاسٌ; (S;) [the latter of which verbs, though the less common, is, accord. to the JK, the original;] and so ↓ اقتاسهُ; (A, K;) and ↓ قيّسهُ; (TA;) and so بِهِ ↓ قايسهُ, (Msb,) and إِلَيْهِ, (TA,) inf. n. مُقَايَسَةٌ and قِيَاسٌ: (Msb:) the first of these verbs is said to be trans. by means of على because implying the meaning of founding [a thing upon another thing]; and by means of الى because implying the meaning of adjoining or conjoining and collecting [a thing to another thing]. (MF.) You say, قَاسَهُ بِالْمِقْيَاسِ [He measured it with the measure]. (A.) and قَاسَ الطَّبِيبُ قَعْرَ الجِرَاحَةِ, (TA,) and قَاسَ الشَّحَّةَ, (A,) inf. n. قَيْسٌ, (TA,) The physician measured the depth of the wound, (TA,) and the depth of the wound in the head, (A,) بِالْمِقْيَاسِ with the probe. (A, TA.) And جَارِيَةٌ تَخْطُو قَيْسًا (tropical:) A damsel that steps with even, or equal, steps: (A:) or قَيْسًا signifies with measured steps, at a moderate and just pace, as though with equal steps: (IAth:) or قَيْسٌ signifies the walking with an elegant and a proud and self-conceited gait, with an affected inclining of the body from side to side. (K.) And فُلَانٌ يَأْتِى بِمَا يَأْتِى قَيْسًا (tropical:) [Such a one does what he does, or says what he says, by measure, or by rule]. (A.) b2: [Hence, (assumed tropical:) He determined, or judged of, the thing by comparing it with another thing; i. e., by analogy: and he compared the thing with another thing. and قَاسَ عَلَيْهِ He judged by comparison therewith. And He copied it as a model.]2 قَيَّسَ see 1.3 قايسهُ بِهِ, and إلَيْهِ: see 1. You say, قَبَحَ اللّٰهُ قَوْمًا يُسَوِّدُونَكَ وَيُقَايِسُونَ بِرَأْيِكَ [May God remove far from prosperity a people who make thee lord, or chief, and who measure things by thy judgment, or by thine opinion]. (A, TA.) b2: قَايَسْتُ بَيْنَ الأَمْرَيْنِ, (S, K,) or الشَّيْئَيْنِ, (A,) inf. n. مُقَايَسَةٌ and قِيَاسٌ, (S,) I measured, or compared, the two things, or cases, together; syn. قَدَّرْتُ, (K,) or قَادَرْتُ بِيْنَهُمَا. (L.) b3: قَايَسْتُهُ, (K,) i. e., قَايَسْتُ فُلَانًا, (S,) i. q. جَارَيْتُهُ فِى القِيَاسِ [I vied, or contended, with him, namely, such a one, in measuring, or comparing; app. meaning, in measuring, or comparing, myself, or my abilities, with him, or his: see قَادَرْتُهُ]. b4: [This verb is mentioned in the S in art. قوس.]6 تقايس القَوْمُ The people mentioned [and app. compared] their several wants (مَآرِبَهُمْ [but I think it probable that this is a mistranscription for مَآثِرَهُمْ their generous qualities or the like]). (TA.) 7 انقاس It was, or became, measured by another thing like it. (S, in art. قوس; and K, in the present art.) b2: (assumed tropical:) [It was, or became, determined, or judged of, by comparison, or analogy.] You say, هٰذِهِ مَسْئَلَةٌ لَا تَنْقَاسُ (assumed tropical:) [This is a question not to be determined, or judged of, by comparison, or analogy]. (A, TA.) 8 إِقْتَيَسَ see 1. b2: هُوَ يَقْتَاسُ بِأَبِيهِ He follows the way of his father, and imitates him. (S, K, in art. قوس; and mentioned in the K in the present art. also.) The medial radical is both و and ى. (K.) قَاسُ رُمْحٍ: see قِيسُ رُمْحٍ.

بَيْنَهُمَا قِيسُ رُمْحٍ (S, A, K *) and رُمْحٍ ↓ قَاسُ (S, K) Between them two is the measure of a spear: (S, K: *) like قِيدُ رُمْحٍ (TA) [and قَادُ رُمْحٍ]. And هٰذِهِ الخَشَبَةُ قِيسُ إِصْيَعٍ This piece of wood is of the measure of a finger. (A, * TA.) [Both are said in the A to be tropical; but wherefore, 1 see not.]

قِيَاسٌ: see 1 and 3. b2: [Used as a simple subst., Measurement. b3: Comparison. b4: Ratiocination. b5: The premises of a syllogism, taken together: and also applied to a syllogism entire. b6: Analogy: rule. You say, هٰذَا عَلَى القِيَاسِ This is according to analogy, or to rule. And هٰذَا عَلَى غَيْرِ قيَاسٍ This is contrary to analogy, or to rule. And عَلَى قِيَاسِ كَذَا After the manner of such a thing.]

قِيَاسِىٌّ Mensural. b2: Comparative. b3: Ratiocinative. b4: Relating, or belonging, to the premises of a syllogism: and also, syllogistic. b5: Analogous; regular: as also ↓ مَقِيسٌ, improperly written by some European scholars مُقَيَّسٌ.]

قَيَّاسٌ A man who practises قِيَاس [i. e. measurement, or comparison, &c.,] much, or often. (TA.) A2: Also, i. q. قَوَّاسٌ, q. v. (TA.) قَائِسٌ act. part. n. of 1. b2: One who measures the depth of a wound in the head [&c.] with a probe. (TA.) مَقِيسٌ pass. part. n. of 1. You say, هُوَ مَقِيسٌ عَلَيْهِ [and بِهِ, meaning, He, or it, is a person, or thing, whereby others are measured; to which others are compared; an object of imitation; a model, an exemplar, or a standard]. (A, TA.) b2: See also قِيَاسِىٌّ.

مِقْيَاسٌ A measure, or thing with which anything is measured; syn. مِقْدَارٌ: (S, Msb, K:) pl. مَقَايِيسُ. (A.) You say, قَاسَهُ بِالْمِقْيَاسِ [He measured it with the measuring-instrument]. (A.) And قَصُرَ مِقْيَاسُكَ فِى مِقْيَاسِى Thy measure (مِثَالُكَ) fell short of my measure. (TA.) b2: A probe with which the depth of a wound is measured. (A, TA.) b3: مِقْيَاسُ النِّيلِ The Nilometer. (TA.)

قيس: قيس على: (بوشر).
قاس: جرب الشيء ليرى إذا كان على قده، يقال: قاس الثوب وقاس الحذاء. (الكالا).
قاس: تدربن وبخاصة تدرب على استعمال السلاح في المبارزة والقتال. (الكالا).
قاس: سبر، حج الجرح، قدر غوره. (ففي كتاب العقود (ص5): أصيب رجل بجرح في رأسه فقاسه الحكيم وإذ هو قد بلغ العظم.
قاس: حكم في خلاف، فصل في أمر بوصفه حكما. (الكالا).
قاس: صوب، سدد نحو الهدف. (بوشر، ودلأبورت ص141).
قاس: رش الماء، صب الماء. (دوماس حياة العرب ص484).
قيس: مسح الأرض، قدر مساحتها. (هلة).
قايس: قارن بشيء آخر، ووازن بينهما.
ويقال: قايس له أو قايس ب (فوك).
أقيس، قارن، وازن. ويقال: اقس مع (فوك).
قيس: والجمع اقياس: مقياس, ما سقاس به من أداة أو آلة. (فوك).
قيس: حوالي، زهاء، قرب نحو من تقريبا (فوك).
بقيس: بعده، في أثره، وراءه. (فوك).
قيسة. عود القيسة: انظرها في مادة عود. قياس وجمعه قياسات. (فوك بوشر، أبو الوليد ص 149، ص 407، المقدمة 3: 140) واقيسة (فوك المقدمة 2: 342).
قياس: استبدال، برهان، برهنة، تحقيق القول وإثباته بالبراهين. (بوشر، دي ساسي طرائف 1: 91).
قياس: استدلال جدلي، قياسي. (المقدمة 3: 140).
قياس: حجة، دليل، برهان. (بوشر).
قياس: استنتاج، ما يستنتج. (بوشر). قياس: فرضية، ظنية، رأى ما اثبت بعد. (بوشر).
بالقياس: بالحدس، بالتخمين، بالظن. (بوشر).
بتاع قياسات: صاحب منهج، صاحب نظرية، ذو فكر منهجي نظامي. (بوشر).
بالقياس إلى: بالنسبة إلى. (دي ساسي طرائف 2: 323).
بعيد عن القياس: محال، مستحيل، ما يضاد العقل والصواب، خلف (تاريخ البربر 2: 3).
قياس: قوة التمييز، قوة الإدراك والفهم التي تقارن وتحكم. (الكالا) وفيه (=عقل).
قياس: مقياس، ما تقاس به الكميات والأحجام. (فوك، الكالا، بوشر).
قياس: مقاس القدم الذي يأخذه الاسكاف. (دلابورت ص90).
بقياس: بحشمة، بهدوء، تمثيل. برصانة، بتعقل، بحكمة، باحتشام. (الكالا).
قياس: باع، طول ذراعين مقياس بحري يتراوح طوله بين متر ونصف ومترين.
(الكالا= قامة، معجم الأسبانية ص185).
قياس: بقياس، خط مقسم إلى درجات تدل على المسافات. (بوشر).
قياس: تسوية، تمهيد، توطئة، تعديل (بوشر).
بقياس: مساواة. على المستوى الأفقي. (الكالا).
قياس: آلة يعرف بها إذا ما كان السطح أفقيا أي في وضع أفقي. (بوشر).
قياس: تحكيم، وقرار يصدره حكم في موضوع خصومه. (الكالا).
قياس: مادة، موضع بحث. (الكالا).
قياس: تجربة ثوب جديد لمعرفة ملاءمته للجسم. أو عينة من شيء ما. كعينة من النبيذ للحكم عليه (الكالا).
قياس: تدريب على استعمال السلاح، تدريب على القتال. (الكالا).
قياس: غطاء (شرشف) الأريكة ذو أهداب (بوشر).
قياس: عند بعض العامة ضرب من الحصر دقيق القش محكم النسيج. (محيط المحيط).
قياس، والجمع قياسات: شرت. قشب، تقشر وورم من البرد. (بوشر).
علم القياس: فن ترسم وتصور به الأشياء بحسب رؤية العين، وهو قسم من علم البصريات (الكالا).
علم القياس: علم الهندسة. (همبرت ص92).
قياسة، والجمع قيايس: مركب شحن، صندل سفينة. (بوشر، مملوك 2، 2: 273). ويقول لايت (ص123) بالإنكليزية ما معناه: (وبدأت انحدر في النيل في قيش صغير أو مركب للنقل). صندل.
ويقول فيسكيه (ص60): كياسه قارب يستعمل للملاحة حين انحسار المياه، وهو قارب مسطح بطيء في سيره.
قياسي: جدلي، مختص بالجدل وهو القياس المنطقي. (بوشر).
قياسي: فرضي، افتراضي، ما كان بحسب قياس أو قاعدة. نسقي، منهجي. (بوشر).
قياس: مساح الأراضي. (فوك، بوشر).
قياس: ممهد، مسو، موطئ. أو الذي يقيس ويقدر بالفادن (بوشر).
أقيس: أكثر انسجاما مع القياس. (أبو الوليد ص161).
مقيس: حكم، وسيط. (الكالا).
مقيس: تحكيمي، وقرار الحكم. (الكالا).
مقيس: من يتدرب على الحرب، ومن يتدرب على استعمال الأسلحة. (الكالا).
مقياس، والجمع مقاييس: فرجار، بركار. (أماري ص18). ويقول رينو (جغرافية أبو الفدا ص67). في تعليقه على هذه العبارة: تطلق هذه الكلمة على ميل الزولة وهي الساعة الشمسية.
وهي مرادفة للكلمة اليونانية جنومون gnomon.
مقياس: مسبار، آلة لمعرفة عمق الماء. (فليشر معجم ص11).
مقياس الزمان: ميقت، آلة تعرف بها الأوقات (بوشر).
مقياس، والجمع مقاييس ومقايس: مثال، شبه، تماثل، تشابه. (الكامل ص112، المقري 1: 483، المقدمة 2: 349).
مقياس: هو في المغرب حلقة كبيرة من الذهب أو الفضة في شكل السوار تلبسها النساء في أرجلهن وأذرعهن. (الكالا، دومب ص82) وعند مارمول (2: 4): مكياز. وفيه (ص103): (وحليهن حبقات كبيرة من الذهب أو الفضة يسمينها مكايز). وهن لا يلبسن منها إلا حلقة واحدة في كل ذراع، وهذه الحلقات من الضخامة بحيث تزن الواحدة منها مائة دوكا (وهي نقد ذهبي قديم في البندقية) إن كانت من ذهب، وتزن عشرة دوكات أو اثني عشر دوكا إن كانت من فضة (هوست ص120). ويقول ميشيل (ص190): مكاييز حلقات كبيرة من الذهب حول كعب القدم (ص235): وعند بوسييه: مقياسة، والجمع مقياس ومقايس: سوار من العاج أو من المعدن. ففي كتاب العقود (ص4): وزوج الأساور وزوج المقياسة.
منقاس: قيس بالقامة وهي مقياس يساوي ستة أقدام. (بوشر).

ربو

1 رَبَا, aor. ـْ (T, S, M, Msb, K,) inf. n. رَبْوٌ, (so in copies of the S, [in one of my copies of the S not mentioned,]) or رُبُوٌّ and رَبَآءٌ, (M, K, TA,) the latter erroneously written in [some of] the copies of the K رِبَآء, (TA,) It (a thing, T, S, Msb) increased, or augmented. (T, S, M, Msb, K.) Said, in this sense, of property: (Mgh:) or, said of property, It increased by usury. (M, TA.) لِيَرْبُوَ فِى أَمْوَالِ النَّاسِ فَلَا يَرْبُو ↓ وَمَا آتَيْتُمْ عِنْدَ اللّٰهِ, in the Kur [xxx. 38], (T, Bd,) means And what ye give of forbidden addition in commercial dealing, [i. e. of usury,] (Bd,) or what ye give of anything for the sake of receiving more in return, (Zj, T, Bd,) and this is not forbidden accord. to most of the expositions, though there is no recompense [from God] for him who exceeds what he has received, (Zj, T,) in order that it may increase the possessions of men, (T, * Bd,) it shall not increase with God, (T, Bd,) nor will He bless it: (Bd:) some (namely, the people of El-Hijáz, T, or Náfi' and Yaakoob, Bd) read

↓ لِتُرْبُوا, (T, Bd,) meaning, in order that ye may increase [the property of men], or in order that ye may have forbidden addition [or usury therein]. (Bd.) b2: Also It became high. (Msb, * TA.) b3: رَبَا, aor. as above; and رَبِىَ, aor. ـْ said of a child, He grew up. (Msb.) You say, رَبَوْتُ فِى

بَنِى فُلَانٍ, (S,) or فِى حَجْرِهِ, inf. n. رُبُوٌّ (M, K, TA) and رُبْوٌ, (M, TA,) with damm, (TA,) this latter on the authority of Lh, (M, TA,) accord. to the K رَبْوٌ, with fet-h, but correctly with damm; (TA;) and رَبِيتُ, (S, M, TA,) in the copies of the K erroneously written رَبَيْتُ, (TA,) inf. n. رَبَآءٍ and رُبِىٌّ; (M, K, TA; [the latter, accord. to the CK, رَبِىٌّ, which is a mistranscription;]) I grew up [among the sons of such a one, or in his care and protection]. (S, M, K.) b4: رَبَتِ الأَرْضُ The ground [being rained upon] became large, and swelled. (M, TA.) In the Kur xxii. 5 and xli. 39, for وَرَبَتْ, some read وَرَبَأَتٌ: the former means and [becomes large, and swells; or] increases: the latter means “ and rises. ” (T. [See art. ربأ.]) b5: رَبَا السَّوِيقُ, inf. n. رُبُوٌّ, The سويق [or meal of parched barley] had water poured upon it, and in consequence swelled: (M, TA:) in the copies of the K, رَبَا السَّوِيقَ, expl. as meaning he poured water on the سويق, and it consequently swelled. (TA.) b6: رَبَا said of a horse, (S, K,) aor. ـْ (TA,) inf. n. رَبْوٌ, (K,) He became swollen, or inflated, from running, or from fear, or fright (S, K.) b7: He was, or became, affected with what is termed رَبْوٌ; (S, M, K;) i. e. he was, or became, out of breath; his breath became interrupted by reason of fatigue or running &c.; or he panted, or breathed shortly or uninterruptedly; syn. اِنْبَهَرَ: (TA:) and so ↓ تربّى; for you say, طَلَبْنَا الصَّيْدَ حَتَّى تَرَبَّيْنَا, i. e. [We pursued the chase until] we became out of breath; &c.; syn. بُهِرْنَا. (M.) b8: See also 4.

A2: رَبَوْتُ الرَّابِيَةَ I ascended, or mounted, upon the hill, or elevated ground. (S, K.) 2 رَبَّيْتُهُ, (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَرْبِيَةٌ, (S, K,) I reared him, fostered him, or brought him up; (M, Msb;) namely, a child: (Msb:) I fed, or nourished, him, or it; (S, Mgh, K;) namely, a child, (Mgh,) or anything of what grows, or increases, such as a child, and seedproduce, and the like; (S;) as also ↓ تَرَبَّيْتُهُ: (Mgh, K:) the former is said to be originally رَبَبْتُهُ. (Er-Rághib, TA. [See 1 in art. رب, in two places.]) [Thus رَبَّيْتُ signifies I reared, or cultivated, plants or trees.] And ربّى is said of earth, or soil, meaning It fostered plants or herbage. (L in art. رشح, &c.) And يُنَوِّرُ وَلَا يُرَبِّى is said of a tree [as meaning It produces blossoms, but does not mature its produce]. (AHn, M and L in art. مظ.) b2: رَبَّيْتُ الأْتْرُجَّ بِعَسَلٍ (tropical:) [I preserved the citron with honey], and الوَرْدَ بِسُكَّرٍ [the roses with sugar: like رَبَّبْتُهُ]. (TA.) b3: رَبَّيْتُ عَنْ خِنَاقِهِ [in the CK خُناقِه, which I think a mistranscription,] (tropical:) I removed, or eased, [his cord with which he was being strangled; app. meaning, his straitness;] (K;) mentioned by Z. (TA.) [See a similar phrase in art. رخو, conj. 4.]3 راباهُ, (K in art. مجر, as syn. of مَاجَرَهُ,) inf. n. مُرَابَاةٌ, (TA ibid.,) [He practised usury, or the like, with him: used in this sense in the present day.] b2: And رَابَيْتُهُ, (K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) I treated him with gentleness, or blandishment; soothed, coaxed, wheedled, or cajoled, him. (K, * TA.) 4 أَرْبَيْتُهُ (in [some of] the copies of the K, erroneously, ارتبيته, TA) I increased, or augmented, it. (M, K, TA.) Hence, in the Kur [ii. 277], وَيُرْبِى الصَّدَقَاتِ (M, TA) And He will increase, or augment, alms-deeds; (Jel;) will multiply the recompense thereof, (Bd, Jel,) and bless them. (Bd.) See also an ex. in the first paragraph.

A2: أَرْبَيْتُ I took more than I gave. (S.) b2: [Hence,] اربى, said of a man, signifies [particularly] He engaged in, or entered upon, الرِّبَا [i. e. the practising, or taking, of usury or the like; he practised, or took, usury or the like; as also ↓ رَبَا, aor. ـْ for] إِرْبَآءٌ and رَبْوٌ, as inf. ns., both signify, in Pers\., رِبَا خوُرْدَنْ. (KL. [In the TA, رَبَا, said of a man, is expl. by the words حصل فى ربوة: but I think that the right reading must be حَصَّلَ فِى رِبًوا, or مِنْ رِبًوا; and the meaning, He acquired in the practice of usury or the like, or he acquired of usury or the like.]) See, again, an ex. in the first paragraph. b3: اربى عَلَى الخَمْسَينَ, (M, Msb,) وَنَحْوِهَا, (M,) He exceeded [the age of fifty, and the like]. (M, Msb.) b4: [أَرْبَى said of the عَرْفَج, in a copy of the S, in art رقط is a mistranscription for أَدْبَى, with dál.]5 تربّى, said of a child, (Mgh, Msb,) He was, or became, fed, or nourished; (Mgh;) or reared, fostered, or brought up. (Msb.) A2: See also 1, near the end of the paragraph.

A3: تَرَبَّيْتُهُ: see 2.

رَبْوٌ: see رُبْوَةٌ. b2: Also A company (IAar, T, K, TA) of men: (IAar, T, TA:) pl. أَرْبَآءُ: (IAar, T, K, TA:) and ↓ رِبْوَةٌ likewise signifies a company; or, as some say, ten thousand; as also رُبَّةٌ; (M, TA;) or the former of these two words, (i. e. ربوة,) accord. to the A, signifies a great company of men, such as ten thousand. (TA.) It is said in the K that ↓ رِبْوَةٌ signifies Ten thousand dirhems; as also ↓ رُبَةٌ: but in this assertion are errors; for the former of these two words signifies as explained in the foregoing sentence; and the latter of them is with teshdeed, belonging to art. رب, and signifies a company [or great company] of men. (TA.) A2: Also, (T, S, M, K, TA,) and ↓ رَبْوَةٌ, (M, TA,) The state of being out of breath; interruption of the breath by reason of fatigue or running &c.: or a panting, or breathing shortly or uninterruptedly: syn. بُهْرٌ, (T, M, TA,) and اِنْبِهَارٌ: (TA:) or a loud (lit. high) breathing: (S:) and a state of inflation of the جَوْف [or chest]. (M, TA.) [The former word is now often used as signifying Asthma.]

رِبًا, (T, M, Msb, K,) or ↓ رِبًوا, (S, Mgh,) [for it is often thus written, and generally thus in the copies of the Kur-án,] with the short ا accord. to the pronunciation best known, (Msb,) [which implies that it is also pronounced ↓ رِبَآءٌ,] An excess, and an addition: (Msb:) an addition over and above the principal sum [that is lent or expended]: but in the law it signifies an addition obtained in a particular manner: (Er-Rághib, TA:) [i. e. usury, and the like; meaning both unlawful, and lawful, interest or profit; and the practice of taking such interest or profit:] it is in lending, (Zj, T,) or in buying and selling, (S,) and in giving: and is of two kinds; unlawful, and lawful: the unlawful is any loan for which one receives more than the loan, or by means of which one draws a profit; [and the gain made by such means:] and the lawful is a gift by which a man invites more than it to be given to him, or a gift that he gives in order that more than it may be given to him; [and the addition that he so obtains:] (Zj, T:) [it generally means] an addition that is obtained by selling food [&c.] for food [&c.], or ready money for ready money, to be paid at an appointed period; or by exchanging either of such things for more of the same kind: (Bd in ii.

276:) or the taking of an addition in lending and in selling: (PS:) [it is said to be] i. q. عِينَةٌ: (M, K:) [but although رِبًا and عِينَةٌ are both applicable sometimes in the same case, neither of them can be properly said to be generally explanatory of the other, or syn. therewith: رِبَا النَّسِيْئَةِ is a term specially employed to signify profit obtained in the case of a delay of payment: and رِبَا الفَضْلِ to signify profit obtained by the superior value of a thing received over that of a thing given:] the dual of رِبًا (M, Msb, K) or رِبًوا (S) is رِبَوَانِ and رِبَيَانِ; (S, M, Msb, K;) the former being agreeable with the original; (M, Msb;) the ى in the latter being because of the imáleh occasioned by the preceding kesreh. (M.) See an ex. near the beginning of the first paragraph of this art. ↓ رُبْيَةٌ, thus pronounced by the Arabs, but by the relaters of a trad., in which it occurs, ↓ رُبِّيَّةٌ, (Fr, T, S, Mgh,) or, as some say, ↓ رُبَيَّةٌ, as though this were the dim. of رُبْيَةٌ, (Mgh,) is a dial. var. of رِبًوا [or رِبًا]; and by rule should be رُبْوَةٌ: (Fr, T, S, Mgh:) or, accord. to Z, رُبّيَّةٌ may be of the measure فُعُّولَةٌ from الرِّبَا. (TA.) [See also رَمَآءٌ, in art. رمى.]

رُبَةٌ: see رَبْوٌ.

رَبْوَةٌ: see the next paragraph: A2: and see also رَبْوٌ.

رُبْوَةٌ and ↓ رَبْوَةٌ and ↓ رِبْوَةٌ; (T, S, M, Msb, K;) the first of which is preferred, (T,) or most common; (Msb;) and the second, of the dial. of Temeem; (T, Msb;) and ↓ رَبْوٌ (M, K) and ↓ رَبَاوَةٌ (T, S, M, K) and ↓ رِبَاوَةٌ (M, K) and ↓ رُبَاوَةٌ (IJ, K) and ↓ رَابِيَةٌ (T, S, M, Msb, K) and ↓ رَبَآءَةٌ; (M, K;) A hill; i. e. an elevation of ground, or elevated ground: (T, S, M, K:) or an elevated place: so called because it is high: (Msb, TA:) the pl. of رُبْوَةٌ is رُبًى (T, Msb) and رُبِىٌّ: (T:) and the pl. of ↓ رَابِيَةٌ is رَوَابٍ; (T, Msb;) which ISh explains as meaning elevated sands, like the دَكْدَاكَة [q. v.], but higher and softer than the latter; the latter being more compact and rugged; the رابية, he says, has in it depression and elevation; it produces the best and the most numerous of the herbs, or leguminous plants, that are found in the sands; and men alight upon it. (T.) رِبْوَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph: b2: and see رَبْوٌ, in two places.

رُبْيَةٌ and رُبَيَّةٌ and رُبِّيَّةٌ: see رِبًا, last sentence: A2: and see also art. ربى.

رِبًوا: see رِبًا. [The و is silent, like the ا.]

رَبْوَآءُ: see رَابٍ.

رِبَوِىٌّ Of, or relating to, what is termed رِبًا or رِبًوا [i. e. usury and the like]: (Mgh, Msb:) رَبَوِىٌّ is said by Mtr to be wrong. (Msb.) رَبَآءٌ Excess, excellence, or superiority; syn. طَوْلٌ: (IDrd, S, K:) so in the saying, لِفُلَانٍ عَلَى

فُلَانٍ رَبَآءٌ [Such a one possesses excess, or excellence, or superiority, over such a one]. (IDrd, S.) b2: And An obligation, a favour, or a benefit; syn. مِنَّةٌ. (K.) رِبَآءٌ: see رِبًا.

رَبَآءَةٌ: see رُبْوَةٌ.

رَبَاوَةٌ and رُبَاوَةٌ and رِبَاوَةٌ: see رُبْوَةٌ.

رَابٍ Increasing, or augmenting: &c. b2: Hence,] فَأَخَذَهُمْ أَخْذَةً رَابِيَةً, in the Kur [lxix. 10], and He punished them with a punishment exceeding other punishments; (Fr, * S, * M, * K, * Jel;) a vehement punishment. (K.) A2: اِمْرَأَةٌ رَابِيَةٌ A woman affected with what is termed رَبْوٌ; [i. e., out of breath; &c.; (see 1, near the end of the paragraph;)] (T, TA;) as also ↓ رَبْوَآءُ. (TA.) رَابِيَةٌ [as a subst.]: see رُبْوَةٌ, in two places.

أَرْبَى in the Kur xvi. 94 means More numerous, (Bd, Jel,) and more abundant in wealth. (Bd.) أُرْبِيَّةٌ, originally أُرْبُوَّةٌ, (S,) or of the measure فُعْلِيَّةٌ, (M,) The root of the thigh: (Ks, T, S, K:) or the part between the upper portion of the thigh and the lower portion of the بَطْن [or belly]: (ISh, T, K:) or the part between the upper portion of the thigh and the lower portion of the بَظْر [q. v.]: or, accord. to Lh, the root of the thigh, next the بَظْر: (M:) or, as in the A, a portion of flesh, in the root of the thigh, that becomes knotted in consequence of pain: (TA:) there are two parts, together called أُرْبِيَّتَانِ. (S, TA.) b2: Also (tropical:) A man's household, and the sons of the paternal uncle of a man; (T, M, K, TA;) not including any others: (T, M:) or the nearer members of the household of a man. (A, TA.) One says, جَآءَ فُلَانٌ فِى أُرْبِيَّتِهِ, and فِى

أُرْبِيَّةٍ مِنْ قَوْمِهِ, (T,) or فِى أُرْبِيَّةِ قَوْمِهِ, (S,) (tropical:) Such a one came among his household, and the sons of his paternal uncle: (T, TA:) or among the people of his house consisting of the sons of his paternal uncles; not of any others. (S.) إِرْبِيَانٌ: see art. ربى.

مُرْبٍ One who practises رِبًا [i. e. usury or the like]. (M, K.) b2: أَر ْضٌ مُرْبِيَةٌ (assumed tropical:) Good land. (M.) مَرْبَاةٌ for مَرْبَأَةٌ: see the latter, in art. ربأ.

مُرَبًّى [Reared, fostered, brought up, fed, or nourished: see 2. b2: And] Made [or preserved] with رُبّ [or inspissated juice, &c. (see 2, last sentence but one)]: you say زَنْجَبِيلٌ مُرَبًّى [Ginger so preserved]; as also مُرَبَّبٌ: (S, K:) and ↓ مُرَبَّيَاتٌ signifies Preserves, or confections, made with رُبّ; like مُرَبَّبَاتٌ. (S in art. رب.) مُرَبَّيَاتٌ: see what next precedes.

ربو: ربا: بمعنى علا. لا يقال رَبَوْت (لين) بدل رَبَأْتُ فقط بل يقال أيضاً رَبَيْتُ. وبمعنى نشأ يقال رَبَيْت وهو الصواب كما ذكر صاحب القاموس (انظر لين)، أما رَبيت فلغة فيها (معجم مسلم).
رَبَّى (بالتشديد): نشَّا ونَّمى. ويقال مجازاً: رَبَّى الصحبة التي لا تزال. بمعنى: جعل صحبته وعشرته ووداده دائماً (دي ساسي ديب 9: 486).
وفي المعجم اللاتيني - العربي: demulcet يهتدن ويُرَبّي.
رابي: أعطى المال بالرباء (بوشر، محيط المحيط).
أربى: زاد، تجاوز الحد. ويقال: أربى على (دي يونج) وانظر بالمعنى الثاني أيضاً (دي ساسي طرائف 1: 252، عباد: 46، بدرون ص173، عبد الواحد ص215).
ويقال: ما يكفيها ويُرْبي أي يزيد، بإيجاز الحذف بمعنى ويُرْبي على ما يكفيها (معجم الإدريسي).
أربى بفلان عن: رفعه ونزهه عن (المقري 2: 110).
رباً: أضف إلى ما ذكره لين: ربا اليد، ربا النساء (= ربا النسيئة عند لين)، وربا القرض. راجع عنها فاندنبرج (ص94 - 95).
رِبْوَة: عشرة آلاف (أبو الوليد ص659، رقم 63، ص661، رقم 82) وتجمع على ربوات (1 نفس المصدر ص662).
رَبِيَّة، ربيات القصر وخوله: الخادمات الجميلات اللائي يرتبن في القصر (دي سلان، تاريخ البربر 1: 483).
رَبِيَّة: درنة في الأُرْبِيَّة تحدث من جرح في القدم تحدث عنها حمَّى شديدة وترجع إذا غمزت (محيط المحيط).
رباية: تربية (بوشر).
رَبيانة: anacyclus tomentosus ( براكس مجلة الشرق والجزائر 8: 243).
رَبَّايَة: مربية (دومب ص76).
رابية: نبات اسمه العلمي: dactyles repens Deaf ( براكس مجلة الشرق والجزائر 4: 196، 8: 281).
تَرْبِيَة: عناية، اهتمام (رولاند).
تَرْبِيَة: تهذيب. ففي حياة ابن خلدون (ص208 ق): شيخ وقته جلالةً وتربيةً وعلماً.
تَرْبِيَة: تستعمل هذه الكلمة بمعنى: ترتيب، تنسيق، نظام. ونجد في بعض العبارات أن كلمة ترتيب قد حلت محلها. ففي ألف ليلة (1: 367): فلما أقبلتم لم أر تربيتكم تربية ملوك وإنما رأيتكم طوائف مجتمعين. وفي المقري (1: 132): لِئَلاَّ يدخل الخَلَل الذي يقضي باختلال القواعد وفساد التربية وحلّ الأوضاع. وقد أبدل الناشر السيد رايت في هذه العبارة كلمة التربية بالترتيب، غير أن ما جاء في جميع المخطوطات وما جاء في طبعة بدلات يخالف هذا.
تربية: الفتيان، الشبان، الفتيات، الشابات (ألكالا).
تربية: طفل، غلام وفتاة أيضاً وتجمع على تَرَابِي (ألكالا).
وفي مختارات من قصة عنتر (6: 1، 11) يقول عنتر لعبد مملوك: وَيْلك ولد الزنا وتربية الأمة اللخنا.
وتربية: قدير متبل - من لحم الضأن والبيض والطماطم (دوماس حياة العرب ص251).
تَرْبايَة: تربية، تهذيب (بوشر).
مُرَبَّى: زمن التربية والتهذيب، ففي حياة ابن خلدون (ص231 ق): وكان في قلبه نكتة من الغيرة من لدن اجتمعنا في المُربَّى مجالس الشيوخ فكثيراً ما كان يظهر تفوقي عليه وإنْ كان أسَنَّ مِنّي (وضبط الكلمات في هذه العبارة في المخطوطة) (المقدمة 1: 332، 334، 2: 248، 260، 261، تاريخ البربر 1: 547، 586، 597، 2: 151).
جعل مرباه في طابق (ألف ليلة 2: 68) أي أنه رُبِّيَ في ديماس (سرداب).
مُرَبَّى: مُرَبَّب، عقيد الثمار. وجمعت في معجم بوشر على مربّوات.
مُرَبَّى: لَعوق، معجون عسلي وهو دواء مؤلف بخاصة من العسل (فوك).
مُرَبِّيَة. هو مربية تحت طابق، أي رُبِّيَ في ديماس (يرداب) (ألف ليلة برسل 7: 46، 47).
مُرباة: ربا. الفائدة التي يحصل عليها من المنقود المقترضة (باين سميث 1449).

سمو: سما: يتصرف مثل مرادفه علا (معجم مسلم) سما على فلان: فاقه وتغلب عليه (كرتاس ص18) سَمَّى (بالتشديد): اسمى، جعل له اسماً يقال: سماه وسمّى له، ففي كتاب عبد الواحد (ص172) رسالة سَمَّى لها رسالة حي بن يقظان.
سمَّى: قال بسم الله (انظر لين) وأضف إلى ما قال: إن امرأة قالت وقد عرضت ابنها: سمّوا أي قولوا بسم الله، لأنهم يعتقدون أن بسم الله تمنع الحسد والعين.
ويقال أيضاً في هذا المعنى سمّى بالله، وسمَّى بالرحيم وسمَّى على فلان (الجريدة الآسيوية 1869، 2: 190، 191).
تسمَّى: لم يشرح لين بوضوح قولهم تسمى بكذا التي وردت في تاج العروس واللغويون العرب يفسرون مثل قولهم تسمى بالخلافة (النويري الأندلس ص488، 489) تلقب بلقب الخليقة.
تسامى. تسامى بفلان مثل سمابه أي رفعه وأعلاه (ويجرز ص55) ولم يعرف الناشر هذا المعنى (ص196 رقم 358) فأخطأ في تغييره الكلمة التي وردت في المخطوطة وهي أيضاً في مخطوطة ا.
استسمى: يؤيد ما ذكره لين ما جاء في محيط المحيط وفيه استسمى فلاناً طلب معرفة اسمه (مولدة) وما جاء في معجم بوشر وفيه استسمى أحداً أي طلب منه معرفة اسمه سُمَي، واحدته سُميَّة: سُماني (الكالا) وهي تصحيف سُميّن.
سُمْيَّة: من مصطلح البحرية عّوامة، طوّافة، أداة لإنقاذ الغْرقى (أبو الوليد ص207) سُمْيَّة: سَمِيّة، الجهة الشمالية (محيط المحيط) سَمَاوة: في السعدية سماوا أي صحراء (النشيد 68، 78، 106، 107) سَمّاوِي: لازوردي، سمنجوني، ما كان بلون السماء (بوشر، همبرت ص80، المقري 1: 236) وفي ابن البيطار (2: 575) في كلامه عن نبات: الذي زهره سماوي.
سَمَاوي: ياقوت ازرق أو سمنجوني أو لازوردي مجلو الشرق والجزائر 13: 81).
فص سَماوي: حجر يمان، ياقوت، ياقوت زعفراني، صفير حجر كريم برتقالي محمر (المعجم اللاتيني - العربي) الصباغ السماوي: مادة ملونة تستخرج من العِظلم، الوسمة، وهو نبات عشبي زراعي للصباغ (تقويم ص84) وانظر مادة سمائي.
سَماوي: في الشام ريح الشمال (بوشر) وفي المغرب ريح الشمال - الشرقي (الكالا - دومب ص54، بوشر بربرية) ومع ذلك فان دوماس (حياة العرب ص435) يذكر هذه الكلمة بمعنى شمال.
وسماوي: ريح الشمال (هلو) والشمال الغربي (باربيبه، ولابورت ص34).
سمائي: لازوردي بلون السماء (ابن العوام 2: 266).
سماني: عظلم، وسمة، واسمه العلمي: isatis Tinctoria ( ابن البيطار 2: 465 ابن العوام 2: 103، 128، 307 وعليك ان تقرأ فيه سمائي) والصبغ السمائي: المادة الملونة التي تستخرج من العظلم (المقري 1: 91). سام. الامر السامي (محيط المحيط) والحضرة السامية: سمْو وهو لقب تشريف (بوشر).
سامِيَة: الحرير النباتي في السودان الذي يستخرج من شجرة كبيرة يسمى سامية مؤنث سام أي عال مرتفع (براكس ص18).
سَامية: القميص الثاني الذي يلبسه الطوارق وهم يرتدون ثلاثة قمصان، وهو قميص مخطط بخطوط عريضة لونها ازرق فاتح ومطرز بحرير من نفس اللون (مجلة الشرق والجزائر السلسلة الجديدة 10: 583، كاريت جغرافية ص109، جاكو ص207).
اِسْم. على اسمك: لك خاصة فيما يظهر. ففي الفخري (ص361): يقول: لأجل من السواد أن زوجتي قد خبزت لك هذا الخبز على اسمك.
اِسْم، طلع له اسم: اكتسب صيتاً وشهرة (بوشر).
اسم. الجمع أسماء تعني كلمات سحرية. ففي ألف ليلة (2: 116): وعليها أسماء وطلاسم كدبيب النمل (2: 23ب، 3: 216، 453، 573) والمعنى الحقيقي: أسماء الله (3: 560) محفورة على خاتم سليمان (ص545، 2: 551، 634) ويقول نيبور (في بلاد العرب ص115): اسم الله (والصواب أسماء الله) علم سحري والذين يتقنونه يعرفون بواسطة الجن الذين في خدمتهم ما يجري في البلاد النائية، ولهم قدرة على الزمان والرياح، ويشفون المرضى بطريقة عجيبة إلى غير ذلك.
أسماء الله الحَسَنة: أسماء الله الحسنى مثل القادر والقدير والرحمن والرحيم وغير ذلك (بوشر).
اسم مِبْني: ظرف الزمان أو المكان، واسم غير قابل للتصرف (بوشر).
اسم الصَّليب عند النصارى: يا رب يا ربي العظيم (بوشر) اسم ضمير الملك: ضمير التملك مثل كتابي وكتابك (بوشر).
اسم علم: اسم خاص (بوشر).
اسم عيرة: اسم يستعمل في الحرب ويتلقب به (بوشر).
اسم منعوت أو موصوف: اسم (بوشر).
اسم يَسوع عند النصارى: يا رب! يا ربي العظيم! (بوشر).
بسم الله: أجل، نعم، بطيب خاطر، على الرأس والعين، سمعاً وطاعة (بوشر).
موصول اسمي: حرف العطف، عاطف، حرف العطف (بوشر).
اِسْمية: صيت، شهرة (الكالا).
أسْماوى: سماوي، لازوردي (دومب ص107، هلو).
مُسْمى: شهير، ذو صيت (الكالا).
مسمى عليه: شيء قرئ عليه بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم لحمايته من الجان (لين عادات 1: 340) مُسَمىَّ: اسم ففي تاريخ البربر (2: 152) كان مسمَّى الحجابة عندهم قهرمة الدار والنظر في الدخل والخرج (قهرمة في مخطوطة 1350) وفي كتاب الخطيب (ص102 ق) في كلامه عن مدينة أقسَمَ أن يُذهب اسمها ومسمَّاها.

سمو

1 سَمَا, (S, M, Msb, K,) first Pers\. سَمَوْتُ, like عَلَوْتُ, (S,) aor. ـْ (Msb, TA,) inf. n. سُمُوٌّ; (S, M, K;) and سَمِىَ, first Pers\. سَمِيتُ, (Th, S, TA,) like عَلِيتُ; (S;) He, (a man, Th, S,) or it, (a thing, M,) was, or became, high, lofty, raised, upraised, uplifted, upreared, exalted, or elevated; it rose, or rose high: (S, M, Msb, K:) and ↓ تسامى signifies the same. (MA. [See also 5.]) b2: سَمَالِىَ الشَّىْءُ The thing became raised from afar so that I plainly distinguished it: (K:) or, as in the S, سَمَا لِىَ الشَّخْصُ the form, or figure, seen from a distance, rose, or became raised, to me [i. e. to my view] so that I plainly distinguished it. (TA.) b3: سَمَا الهِلَالُ The moon near the change rose مُرْتَفِعًا [app. meaning upreared, not decumbent: see أَدْفَقُ]. (TA.) b4: [سَمَا لَهُ or نَحْوَهُ He rose, and betook himself, to, or towards, him, or it. Hence,] مَاسَمَوْتُ لَكُمْ I will not [or (unless the phrase be an apodosis) I did not] rise and hasten to fight you. (TA.) b5: سَمَا بَصَرَهُ His sight, or eye, rose, or became raised. (S, TA.) [And سَمَاطَرْفُهُ lit. signifies the same; but means (assumed tropical:) His look was lofty; or he was proud: see سَامٍ, below.] b6: سَمَا is also said of him who is termed حَسِيبٌ and شَرِيفٌ [i. e. it signifies He was, or became, noble; or high, or exalted, in rank]. (TA.) b7: سَمَتة هِمَّتُهُ إِلَى مَعَالِى الأُمْورِ [His ambition soared, or aspired, to high things, or the means of attaining eminence;] he sought glory, or might, and eminence. (Msb, TA.) b8: سَمَابِى شَوْقَ بَعْدَ أَنْ كَانَ أَقْصَرَ [A yearning, or longing, of the soul arose in me after it had ceased]. (TA.) b9: هُمْ يَسْمُونَ عَلَى المِائَةِ They exceed [or are above] the number of a hundred. (TA.) b10: سَمَوْا, (S, K, TA,) and ↓ استموا, (S,) They went forth to pursue the animals of the chase (S, K, TA) in their deserts: (TA:) [or] one says of the hunter, or sportsman, يَسْمُو الوَحْشَ, and ↓ يَسْتَمِيهَا, meaning he sees, or looks to see, (يَتَعَيَّنُ,) the coming forth of the wild animals, and pursues them. (M. [See also 8 below.]) b11: سَمَا الفَحْلُ, inf. n. سَمَاوَةٌ, The stallion sprang, or rushed, upon, (S,) or he overbore, (S, * M, K,) his she-camels that had passed seven or eight months since the period of their bringing forth. (S, M, K.) A2: سَمَابِهِ: see 4.

A3: See also 2.2 سمّاهُ فُلَانًا and بِفُلَانٍ, (S, M, Msb, K,) accord. to Sb originally with ب, but Lh says that the former is that which is usual, (M,) [inf. n. تَسْمِيَةٌ,] and in like manner ↓ اسماهُ, (S,) i. e. اسماهُ فُلَانًا and بِفُلَانٍ, (M, K,) and accord. to Th, فُلَانًا ↓ سَمَاهُ and بِفُلَانٍ, (K, [in the correct copies of which the form of the verb first mentioned is without teshdeed, while in the CK the first and last are both alike with teshdeed, or, as is said in the M, Th has mentioned سَمَوْتُهُ, but none other has mentioned it,]) He named him, or called him, Such a one; (S, M, Msb, K;) as Zeyd; i. e., he made Zeyd to be his name, his proper name. (Msb.) b2: [One says also, سمّى اللّٰهَ عَلَى شَىْءٍ, or simply سمّى عَلَيْهِ, which is the more common, meaning He pronounced the name of God, saying بِسْمِ اللّٰهِ (In the name of God), upon, or over, a thing; such as food, and an animal about to be slaughtered.] The Prophet said, سَمُّوا وَسَمِّتُوا وَدَنُّوا, [cited, with some variations, and expl., in arts.

دنو and سمت,] meaning سَمُّوا اللّٰهَ [Pronounce ye the name of God, &c.]; i. e. whenever ye eat, [before ye begin to do so, accord. to the general custom, or] between two mouthfuls. (M.) 3 ساماهُ, (S, M, K, TA,) inf. n. مُسَامَاةٌ, (TA,) He vied, competed, or contended for superiority, in highness, loftiness, or eminence, or in glory, or excellence, [or in an absolute sense,] with him; syn. عَالَاهُ, (M,) or فَاخَرَهُ, and بَارَاهُ. (K.) It is said in the trad. respecting the lie [against 'Áïsheh], لَمْ تَكُنِ امْرَأَةٌ تُسَامِيهَا غَيْرُ زَيْنَبَ, meaning There was not any woman that vied with her in eminence (تُفَاخِرُهَا and تُعَالِيهَا) except Zeyneb; المُسَامَاةُ meaning المُطَاوَلَةُ فِى الحُِظْوَةِ. (TA.) and one says, فُلَانٌ لَا يُسَامَى وَقَدْ عَلَا مَنْ سَامَاهُ [Such a one will not be vied with in highness, &c.: and he has overcome him who vied with him, &c.]. (S.) And إِنَّ أَمَامِى مَا لَا أُسَامِى, said when one fears an affair, or event, before him; on the authority of IAar; meaning [Verily before me is an affair, or event,] with which I cannot vie. (M.) A poet cited by Th says, بَاتَ ابْنُ أَدْمَآءَ يُسَامِى الأَنْدَرَا سَامَى طَعَامَ الحَىِّ حَتَّى نَوَّرَا and he says that سَامَى means اِرْتَفَعَ, and صَعِدَ; but [it seems that the verse should be rendered, Ibn-Admà passed the night aspiring to reach the heap of reaped wheat: he aspired to attain the wheat of the tribe until it attained to maturity: for ISd says,] in my opinion he means, as the seed-produce rose by growth, he rose to it, until it attained to maturity, when he reaped it and stole it: and he cites also the saying, فَارْفَعْ يَدَيْكَ ثُمَّ سَامِ الحَنْجَرَا [And raise thy hands, then endeavour to reach the windpipe]; explaining سَامِ الحَنْجَرَ as meaning raise thy hands to his حَلْق [or throat, properly, fauces]. (M.) 4 اسماهُ He raised, upraised, uplifted, upreared, exalted, or elevated, him, or it; as also بِهِ ↓ سَمَا [lit. he rose, &c., with him, or it]. (M, K.) b2: أَسْمَيْتُهُ مِنْ بَلَدٍ I made him to go up, or away, from a town, or country. (TA.) b3: اسمانا, (TA,) or ↓ اِسْتَمَانَا, (M,) He, or it, incited us to hunt, or chase: so says Th. (M, TA.) A2: Also He looked at, or towards, his, or its سَمَاوَة [expl. immediately before the mention of this phrase in the M as meaning the form, or figure, seen from a distance, and the aspect, of anything]. (M, TA.) A3: And اسمى He (a man) took the direction of, (S,) or came to, (M,) Es-Semáweh (السَّمَاوَة, S, M) a certain water in the desert (البَادِيَة, M) or a place between El-Koofeh and Syria, (K,) a well-known desert. (TA.) A4: See also 2.5 تسمّى [expl. by Golius, first, as meaning Altus fuit, eminuit; like سَمَا; but for this he names no authority, and I find none for it.

A2: ] He named himself. (KL.) b2: تسمّى بِزَيْدٍ He was named Zeyd: (S, * M, * Msb, K: *) تسمّى

بِكَذَا means Such a thing became his name: it is quasi-pass. of سَمَّاهُ and أَسْمَاهُ. (TA.) b3: and تسمّى بِبَنِى فُلَانٍ, (M,) or بِالقَوْمِ, (K,) and إِلَيْهِمْ, (M, K,) He asserted his relationship to the sons of such a one [by the assumption of a name of relationship to them], or to the people. (M, K.) 6 تَسَاْمَوَ see 1, first sentence. b2: تَسَامَوْا عَلَى الخَيْلِ They mounted upon the horses. (TA.) b3: and تساموا They vied, competed, or contended for superiority, [in highness, loftiness, or eminence, or in glory, or excellence, or in an absolute sense, (see 3,)] one with another. (S, K.) A2: and تساموا signifies also They called one another by their names. (TA.) 8 استمى He (a hunter, or sportsman, [الصّاعِدُ in the CK being a mistranscription for الصَّائِدُ,]) attired himself with the socks, or stockings, called مِسْمَاة, (M, K, TA,) to protect himself from the heat of the burning ground, (TA,) for the hunting of gazelles, in the time of heat. (M.) and (M, in the K “ or ”) استماهُ He asked of him the loan of the socks, or stockings, above named, for that purpose, (M, K, *) i. e. for the hunting of gazelles at midday. (TA.) And استمى, (M, CK,) or استمى الظِّبَآءَ, (so in some copies of the K and in the TA,) He sought, or pursued, the gazelles in their caves, or hiding-places, (فَى غِيرَانِهَا, M, and so in copies of the K, by the غِيرَان being meant the كُنُس, M,) or in what was not their time, or season, (فِى غَيْرِ انِهَا, thus in some copies of the K,) at the auroral rising of Canopus (سُهَيْل [which rose aurorally, in Central Arabia, about the commencement of the era of the Flight, on the 4th of August, O. S.]): (M, K:) so says IAar. (M.) [Freytag says, on the authority of scholia to the Deewán of Jereer, as follows: In the time of the greatest heat, they drive out a wild animal repeatedly from its hiding-place, permitting it to return thither at night, when, thus disturbed, it does not issue from its place; in order that they may be able to strike it.] b2: And He hunted, or chased, wild animals. (M.) b3: See also 1, latter part, in two places. b4: and see 4.

A2: اِسْتَمَيْتُهُ also signifies I made him the object of a visit: or I perceived in him good, or goodness, by a right opinion formed from its outward signs. (K.) b2: And استماهُ He chose it, took it in preference, or selected it. (IAar, L voce اِقْتَرَحَ.) b3: And IAar mentions the saying, البَكْرَةُ مِنَ الإِبِلِ تُسْتَمَى بَعْدَ أَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ لَيْلَةً أَوْبَعْدَ إِحْدَى وَعِشْرِينَ, as meaning [The youthful she-camel] is tested for the purpose of discovering whether or not she be pregnant [after fourteen nights or after one and twenty]: but Th disallows this, and says that the word is تُسْتَمْنَى, from المُنْيَةُ, which means “ the period by the end of which one knows whether or not the she-camel is pregnant. ” (M.) 10 استسمى [or استسمى فُلَانًا, the word فلانا having app. been inadvertently omitted by a copyist,] He asked, or demanded, his [or such a one's] name. (TA.) سِمٌ and سُمٌ and سَمٌ: see اِسْمٌ, in three places, near the beginning of the paragraph; and in four places near the end of the same.

سَمًا: see سَمَآءٌ: A2: and see also اِسْمٌ, near the beginning of the paragraph.

سُمًا and سِمًا: see اِسْمٌ, in two places, near the beginning of the paragraph; and in the last sentence but one of the same.

سَمَآءٌ The higher, or upper, or highest, or uppermost, part of anything: [in this sense] masc. (M.) b2: [In its predominant acceptation,] a word of well-known meaning; (K, TA;) i. e. (TA) [The sky, or heaven;] the canopy of the earth: (M, Msb, TA:) in this sense (M, Msb) masc. and fem.; (IAmb, S, M, Msb, K; *) sometimes fem.; (M;) rarely so, and thus as having the next but one of the significations here following: (Fr, Msb:) Az says that it is fem. because it is pl. [or coll. gen. n.] of سَمَآءَةٌ: (TA:) or it is as though it were pl. of ↓ سَمَاوَةٌ, [or rather its coll. gen. n.,] like as سَحَابٌ is of سَحَابَةٌ: (Msb, TA:) Er-Rághib says that the سَمَآء as opposed to the أَرْض is fem., and sometimes masc.; and is used as a sing. and as a pl.; as the latter in the Kur ii. 27 [where it is shown to apply to seven heavens]; and that it is like نَخْلٌ and شَجَرٌ and other [coll.] gen. ns.: (TA:) in this sense (M) the pl. is أَسْمِيَةٌ [a pl. of pauc.] (S, M, K) and سُمِىٌّ, (M, K,) the latter [originally سُمُوىٌ] of the measure فُعُولٌ, and both [also] pls. of سَمَآءٌ in another sense, mentioned in what follows, (TA,) and سَمَاوَاتٌ or سَمٰوَاتٌ, (S, M, Msb, K,) and accord. to the K, [in which all of these are mentioned as though pls. of سَمَآءٌ in all its senses,] ↓ سَمًا, [in the CK سُمًا,] but in the M سَمَآءٌ [like the sing., as mentioned above], where it is said that it must be a pl. in the Kur ii. 27 for the reason already stated, as though pl. of سَمَآءَةٌ or سَمَاوَةٌ; (TA;) and a poet assigns to سَمَآءٌ the anomalous pl. سَمَآءٍ, by his saying, سَمَآءُ الْإِلٰهِ فَوْقَ سَبْعِ سَمَآئِيَا [The heaven of God, above seven heavens]: (S, M:) the dim. is ↓ سُمّيَّةٌ. (Ham p. 452.) b3: and Any canopy, or covering over-head, of a person. (S, Msb, * TA.) b4: And hence, (S, TA,) The ceiling, or roof, (S, Msb, K, TA,) of a house, or chamber, or tent, (S, K, TA,) and of anything; (K, TA;) in this sense masc.; (Msb, TA;) and ↓ سَمَاوَةٌ also has this meaning. (S.) b5: And The رِوَاق, (M, K,) i. e. the شُقَّة [or oblong piece of cloth] that is beneath the upper, or uppermost, شُقَّةٌ, (M,) of a بَيْت [or tent]; (M, K;) in which sense it is fem., and sometimes masc.; (M;) as also ↓ سَمَاوَةٌ; (M, K;) [and so, app., ↓ سِمَايَةٌ; for] one says, أَصْلَحَ سِمَايَتَهُ, with kesr, [He repaired his سماية,] meaning, his سَمَاوَة. (TA.) b6: And The clouds; (Zj, K;) because of their height: (Zj, TA:) or a cloud. (Msb.) b7: and Rain; (S, M, Msb, K;) because it comes forth from the سَمَآء [i. e. sky or clouds]: (TA:) or a good rain (مَطْرَةٌ جَيِّدَةٌ): (K, TA:) or a new rain (مَطْرَةٌ جَدِيدَةٌ): (T, TA:) or, as some say, rain that has not fallen upon the earth; so called in consideration of what has been said above [of its meaning the “ clouds ” &c.]: (Er-Rághib, TA:) [but] one says, مَا زِلْنَا نَطَأُ السَّمَآءَ حَتَّى

أَتَيْنَاكُمْ [We ceased not to tread upon the rain until we came to you]: (S, TA:) applied to rain, it is masc., and fem. also because of its connexion with the سَمَآء that canopies the earth; (M;) or it is fem., as meaning سَحَابَةٌ: (Msb:) the pl. [of mult.] is سُمِىٌّ (S, M, Msb, TA) and [of pauc.]

أَسْمِيَةٌ. (S, TA.) بَنُو مَآءِ السَّمَآءِ is an appellation of The Arabs; [signifying the sons of the water of the heaven;] because of their keeping much to the deserts which are the places of the falling of rain [by means of which they subsist]: or by مَآء السمآء is meant Zemzem, which God made to well forth for the Arabs, who are therefore like the sons thereof. (TA.) b8: [Hence, app., as being likened to rain by reason of the swiftness of his running,] a certain horse, (M, K,) belonging to Sakhr the brother of El-Khansà, (M,) was named السَّمَآءُ. (M, K.) b9: [Hence, likewise, as being likened to rain, (assumed tropical:) Bounty.] One says, أَصَابَنِى بِرَشْحَةٍ مِنْ سَمَائِهِ (assumed tropical:) [He gave me a gift from his store of bounty]. (A in art. رشح.) b10: Also (assumed tropical:) Herbage; because produced by the rain, which is thus called. (TA.) b11: And The back of a horse; (S, Msb, K;) because of its height: coupled with [its opposite] أَرْضٌ [q. v.]. (S, TA.) b12: And of a sandal, [in like manner opposed to أَرْضٌ,] The upper part [of the sole, i. e. the upper surface thereof], upon which the foot is placed. (M.) A2: See also سَمَاوَةٌ.

سَمَاوٌ: see سَمَاوَةٌ.

سَمِىٌّ: see سَامٍ, in two places. b2: [Also] A competitor, or contender for superiority, in highness, loftiness, or eminence, or in glory, or excel-lence; i. q. ↓ مُسَامٍ, (S, TA,) and مُطَاوِلٌ: (TA:) thus the word, in the accus. case, is said to signify in the Kur xix. 66: (S, TA:) or it there has the meaning here next following. (S, M, TA.) b3: A like, or an equal: (S, M, K TA:) and this meaning the word, in the accus. case, is said by some to have in the Kur xix. 8: or in this instance it has the meaning here following. (M, TA.) b4: A namesake of another. (S, M, K, TA.) b5: The fem. is سَمِيَّةٌ. (M, TA.) سُمَىٌّ dim. of اِسْمٌ, q. v.

سُمَيَّةٌ dim. of سَمَآءٌ, q. v.

سِمَوِىٌّ and سُمَوِىٌّ: see اِسْمِىُّ.

سَمَاوَةٌ: see سَمَآءٌ, in three places. b2: Also The form, or figure, seen from a distance, (S, M, K, TA,) [or] such as is high, or elevated, (TA,) of anything; (S, M, K, TA;) and the aspect thereof: pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] ↓ سَمَآءٌ and ↓ سَمَاوٌ; the latter mentioned by Ks. (M, TA.) El-'Ajjáj says, سَمَآوَةُ الهِلَالِ حَتَّى احْقَوْقَفَا [The form, &c., of the moon when near the change, until it became curved]. (S.) سِمَايَةٌ: see سَمَآءٌ, in the middle of the paragraph.

سَمَآئِىٌّ and سَمَاوِىٌّ [Of, or relating to, the sky or heaven; heavenly; celestial;] rel. ns. from سَمَآءٌ. (Msb, TA.) سَامٍ [High, or lofty; as also ↓ سَمِىٌّ: pl. of the former سَوَامٍ; applied to women as pl. of سَامِيَةٌ, whence the phrase سَوَامِى الطَّرْفِ in a verse cited voce بُضْعٌ; and to irrational animals, as in an instance here following]. One says القُرُومُ السَّوَامِى

The stallions [meaning the stallion-camels high in their heads, or] raising their heads high. (S, TA.) And سَامِيَاتٌ, [pl. of سَامِيَةٌ,] applied to camels, That raise, or raise high, their eyes and their heads. (Ham p. 791.) And رَدَدْتُ مِنْ سَامِى

طَرْفِهِ [app. an elliptical phrase, نَخْوَتَهُ (which is expressed in the explanation) or a similar word being understood; i. e. (assumed tropical:) I repelled the pride, or haughtiness, of him who was lofty in look;] meaning I contracted to him [or to the lofty in look] his soul, and annulled his pride, or haughtiness. (S, TA.) And الأَنْفِ ↓ سَمِىُّ [lit. Highnosed] means (assumed tropical:) disdainful, or scornful. (T and K in art. انف.) b2: [Also act. part. n. of 1 in all its senses. b3: And hence,] سُمَاةٌ, (S, M, K,) of which it is the sing., (M,) signifies Hunters (S, M, K) going forth to the chase: (K:) an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates: or, as some say, hunters in the day-time, peculiarly: or hunters wearing the socks, or stockings, called مِسْمَاة. (M.) اِسْمٌ, (S, M, Msb, K,) with the conjunctive ا, [i. e. written اسْمٌ,] but this is made disjunctive by poetic license [as well as when the word commences a sentence], (S,) usually with kesr [when the | is disjunctive], (Lh, M, TA,) and اُسْمٌ, (S, M, K,) of the dial. of Benoo-'Amr-Ibn-Temeem and of Kudá'ah, (M, TA,) mentioned by IAar, (TA,) and ↓ سِمٌ and ↓ سُمٌ (S, M, K) and ↓ سَمٌ, (K,) and ↓ سُمًا (M, K) and ↓ سِمًا and ↓ سَمًا, (K,) [The name of a thing; i. e.] a sign [such as may be uttered or written] conveying knowledge of a thing; syn. عَلَامَةٌ: and a word applied to denote a substance or an accident or attribute, for the purpose of distinction: (M, K:) [or a substantive in the proper sense of this term, i. e. a real substantive; and a substance in a tropical sense of this term, i. e. an ideal substantive:] as expl. by El-Munáwee, in the “ Towkeef,” the اسم is that which denotes a meaning in itself unconnected with any of the three times [past and present and future]: if denoting what subsists by itself, it is termed اِسْمُ عَيْنٍ; and if denoting what does not subsist by itself, [i. e. an accident or attribute,] whether existent, as العِلْمُ [i. e. knowledge], or non-existent, as الجَهْلُ [i. e. ignorance], it is termed اِسْمُ مَعْنًى: (TA:) the pl. is أَسْمَآءٌ [a pl. of pauc.] and أَسْمَاوَاتٌ, (S, M, K,) the latter said by Lh to be a pl. of اِسْمٌ, but it is rather a pl. of أَسْمَآءٌ, for otherwise there is no way of accounting for it, (M,) and أَسَامٍ (S, M, K) and أَسَامِىُّ (M, K) are [likewise] pls. of أَسْمَآءٌ: (K, * TA:) the word اسْمٌ [i. e. اِسْمٌ or اُسْمٌ] is derived from سَمَوْتُ, (S, TA,) or from السُّمُوُّ, (Msb, Er-Rághib, TA,) because the اسم is a means of raising into notice the thing denoted thereby, and making it known: (S, * Er-Rághib, TA:) it is of the measure اِفْعٌ [or اُفْعٌ, accord. to different dialects], the last radical, و, being wanting in it, (S, Msb, TA,) and the hemzeh [or rather |] being prefixed by way of compensation for it, accord to a general rule; (Msb, TA;) for it is originally سِمْوٌ (S, Msb, Er-Rághib, TA) or سُمْوٌ, (S, Msb, TA,) its pl. being أَسْمَآءٌ, and its dim. being ↓ سُمَىٌّ [originally سَمَيْوٌ]: (S, Msb, Er-Rághib, * TA:) some of the Koofees hold that it is from الوَسْمُ, meaning العَلَامَةُ, the و, which is the primal radical, being rejected, and the hemzeh [or |] being substituted for it, so that its measure is اِعْلٌ [or اُعْلٌ]; but this is a weak opinion, for, were it so, the dim. would be وَسَيْمٌ and the pl. would be أَوْسَامٌ. (Msb, TA.) One says, اِسْمُ هٰذَا كَذَا [The name of this is thus, or such a word]; and if you will you may say, اُسْمُ هٰذا كذا; and in like manner, ↓ سِمُهُ and ↓ سُمُهُ: Lh says that اِسْمُهُ فُلَانٌ [His name is Such a one] is the [common] phrase of the Arabs; and he mentions اُسْمُهُ فُلَانٌ as heard from [the tribe of] Benoo-'Amr-Ibn-Temeem: and Ks cites, as heard from some of [the tribe of] Benoo-Kudá'ah, the saying, ↓ بِاسْمِ الَّذِى فِى كُلِّ سُورَةٍ سُمُهْ [In the name of Him whose name is in every chapter of the Kur-án], and ↓ سِمُهْ as heard from others, not of Kudá'ah. (M.) سِرْ عَلَى اسْمِ اللّٰهِ is an elliptical phrase [for سِرْ مُعْتَمِدًا عَلَى ذِكْرِ اسْمِ اللّٰهِ Journey thou relying upon the mention of the name of God]. (IJ, M in art. دل: see دَلِيلٌ.) b2: [Hence,] اسْمٌ signifies also (assumed tropical:) Fame, renown, report, or reputation, of a person: (TA:) and so ↓ سُمًا, in relation to good, (K, TA,) not to evil; mentioned by Az. (TA.) One says, ذَهَبَ اسْمُهُ فِى النَّاسِ, i. e. His fame &c. [went, or spread, among mankind, or the people]. (TA.) اِسْمِىٌّ [Of, or relating to, a name or noun or substantive;] rel. n. from اِسْمٌ; as also ↓ سِمَوِىٌّ and ↓ سُمَوِىٌّ. (S, TA.) [Hence, جُمْلَةٌ اسْمِيَّةٌ A nominal proposition or phrase; as distinguished from فِعْليَّةٌ, or verbal.]

اِسْمِيَّةٌ The quality of a name or noun or substantive.]

مِسْمَاةٌ The socks, or stockings, worn by a hunter, (M, K, TA,) to protect him from the heat of the burning ground. (TA.) مُسَمًّى [Named]. b2: [Hence,] one says, هُوَ مِنْ مُسَمَّى قَوْمِهِ and مُسَمَّاتِهِمْ, meaning (assumed tropical:) He is of the best of his people or party. (TA.) مُسَامٍ: see سَمِىٌّ.