صحــب
1 صَحِــبَهُ,
aor. ـَ
inf. n. صُحْــبَةٌ (
S,
A,
Msb,
K, &c.) and
صَحَــابَةٌ (
S,
A,
K) and
صِحَــابَةٌ, (
K,) He associated, kept company, or consorted, with him; (
A,
K;) [he accompanied him;] he was, or became, his companion, associate, comrade, fellow, friend, or fellow-traveller: (
MA:) and ↓ صاحبهُ signifies the same. (
TA. [See this latter verb below.])
b2: [Hence] one says,
صَحِــبَكَ اللّٰهُ and ↓ صَاحَبَكَ, (
A,
TA,) [
inf. n. of the former (in the
TA inadvertently said to be of the latter)
صِحَــابَةٌ, (said in the
TA to be with kesr,) or
صَحَــابَةٌ, and, as will be shown by what follows,
صُحْــبَةٌ also,] (
tropical:) May God guard, keep, protect, or defend, thee; may God be thy guardian, keeper, &c.: (
TA in explanation of the former:) and أَحْسَنَ اللّٰهُ
صَحَــابَتَكَ (
A, and
Ham p. 443) or
صِحَــابَتَكَ (
TA) (
tropical:) [May God make the guarding, &c., of thee to be good]. And (
TA) [in like manner,] فُلَانًا ↓ ا
صحــب signifies (assumed
tropical:) He guarded, kept, or protected, such a one; as also ↓ اصطحبهُ: and he defended such a one;
syn. مَنَعَهُ: (
K,
TA:) one says, بِـ
ـصُحْــبَةٍ ↓ اَللّٰهُمَّ أَـ
ـصْحِــبْنَا وَأَقْلِبْنَا بِذِمَّةٍ (assumed
tropical:) O God, guard us with thy guarding in our journey, and make us to return with thy safeguard to our country, or land, &c.; occurring in a
trad.: (
TA:) and ↓ وَلَا هُمْ مِنَّا يُـ
ـصْحَــبُونَ, (
A,
TA,) in the
Kur [xxi. 44], (
TA,) means (
tropical:) Nor shall they (i. e. the unbelievers,
TA) be defended from us, (
A,
TA,) as
expl. by
Zj; (
TA;) and preserved in safety: (
A:) or,
accord. to Katádeh, nor shall they be attended by good from us: or, as some say, it is from the phrase
صَحِــبَكَ اللّٰهُ meaning as
expl. above. (
TA.)
b3: See also 4, last sentence but one.
A2: صَحَــبَ,
aor. ـَ (
K,)
inf. n. صَحْــبٌ, (
TK,) He skinned a slaughtered animal. (
K.) 3 صاحبهُ, (
MA,)
inf. n. دُصَاحَبَةٌ, (
KL,)
i. q. صَحِــبَهُ; (
TA;) He associated, kept company, or consorted, with him. (
MA,
KL.) See 1, first and second sentences.
b2: And see the next paragraph, last sentence but one.
4 أَـ
ـصْحَــبْتُهُ قُلَانًا [I made such a one to be a companion, or an associate, to him]. (
A.) and أَـ
ـصْحَــبْتُهُ الشَّىْءَ (
tropical:) I made the thing to be [as it were] a companion to him; (
S,
K,
TA;) and so ↓ استـ
ـصحــبتهُ; as in the saying, استـ
ـصحــبته الكِتَابَ وَغَيْرَهُ (
tropical:) I made the book, or writing, &c., to be [as it were] his companion. (
S, *
TA.)
b2: and ا
صحــبهُ (
tropical:) He did to him that which caused him to be a companion, or an associate, to him. (
A,
TA.)
b3: And (
tropical:) He left upon it, namely, a skin, its hair, (
S,
A,) or its wool; not subjecting it to the process termed عَطْنٌ. (
S.)
b4: See also 1, in three places.
A2: ا
صحــب,
intrans., He (a man) became one having a companion, or an associate: (
K,
TA: [in the latter said to be
tropical; but, I think, without reason:]) and he was, or became, one having companions, or associates. (
TA.)
b2: And [hence,] (
tropical:) He (a man) had a son who had attained to manhood (
S,
A,
TA) and so become like him: (
TA;) i. e. he was alone, and became one having a companion; (A;) or as though his son became his companion. (
TA.)
b3: And (
tropical:) He (a camel, and a horse or similar beast,
S,
TA, or an animal, and a man to a man,
A,
TA *) became tractable, submissive, or obsequious, after being refractory, or incompliant; (
S,
A,
TA;) [and so ↓ صَاحَبَ, as is implied by an explanation of its part.
n. مُصَاحِبٌ; and ↓ استـ
ـصحــب, for] hence, (
A,) one says also, اِسْتَصْعَبَ تُمَّ اسْتَـ
ـصْحَــبَ (
tropical:) [He was refractory, or incompliant: then he became tractable, submissive, or obsequious]: (
A,
TA:) and
accord. to A 'Obeyd, one says, ↓
صَحِــبْتُ الرَّجُلَ, from الـ
ـصُّحْــبَةُ, and أَـ
ـصْحَــبْتُ [
app. ا
صحــبت لَهُ], meaning (assumed
tropical:) I became tractable, submissive, or obsequious, to the man. (
TA.)
b4: And, said of water, (
tropical:) It became overspread with [the green substance termed] طُحْلُب. (
S, A. *) 5 يَتَـ
ـصَحَّــبُ مِنَّا (assumed
tropical:) He is ashamed, or bashful, with respect to us; or shy of us; (
K,
TA;) i. e. he is ashamed to sit with us, or shy of sitting with us. (Ibn-Buzurj,
TA.) And فُلَانٌ مَا يَتَـ
ـصَحَّــبُ مِنْ شَىْءٍ (
tropical:) Such a one does not guard himself against anything, and is not ashamed to do it, or shy of doing it, does not shun it, or avoid it. (
A.) 6 تَصَاْحَبَ see the next paragraph, in two places.
8 اصطحبوا, (
S,
A,
K,) originally اصتحبوا, (
S,) They associated, kept company, or consorted, one with another; (
S,
A,
K;) as also ↓ تصاحبوا: (
A:) and in like manner اصطحبا and ↓ تصاحبا said of two men. (
TA.)
A2: اصطحبهُ: see 1.
10 استـ
ـصحــبهُ He desired him, or demanded him, as a companion, an associate, a comrade, or a friend: (
MA:) or he invited him to associate, keep company, or consort, with him: and he clave to him: (
A,
K:) [he chose him, or took him, as a companion, &c.: and] he had him with him. (
MA.)
b2: [Hence,] one says, اِسْتَـ
ـصْحَــبْتُ كِتَابًا لِى (
tropical:) [I made a book a companion to me; or I made a book belonging to me my companion]. (
A,
L,
TA.) And اِسْتَـ
ـصْحَــبْتُ الكِتَابَ وَغَيْرَهُ (assumed
tropical:) I carried the book &c. with me. (
Msb.) And one says of anything, استـ
ـصحــبهُ as meaning (assumed
tropical:) It clave, adhered, or held-fast, to it; namely, another thing; (
IF,
S,
Msb,
TA;) or coalesced, or united, with it. (
S,
TA.) [See an
ex. in a verse cited
voce رَامِكٌ.]
b3: See also 4, second sentence:
A2: and see the last sentence but one of the same paragraph.
صَحْــبٌ: see صَاحِبٌ.
صُحْــبَةٌ an
inf. n. of
صَحِــبَهُ [
q. v.]. (
S,
A,
Msb,
K, &c.)
b2: [
As a simple
subst., Companionship. Hence, لَهُ
صُحْــبَةٌ, often occurring in biographies as meaning He had companionship with the Prophet; i. e. he was one of the Companions of the Prophet. And خَرَجْتُ
صُحْــبَةَ الرَّسُولِ, frequently occurring in trads., meaning I went forth in the companionship of the Apostle, or in company with the Apostle. Hence also] one says, حَمَلْتُ الكِتَابَ
صُحْــبَتِى (assumed
tropical:) [I carried the book with me]. (
Msb.)
صُحْــبَةُ السَّفِينَةِ [The companionship of the ship] is a
post-classical phrase, denoting, by way of comparison, that which has no permanence. (
Har p.
258.)
b3: See also صَاحِبٌ, of which it is a quasipl. n.
صَحَــابَةٌ an
inf. n. of
صَحِــبَهُ [
q. v.]. (
S,
A,
K.)
b2: See also صَاحِبٌ, of which it is a
quasi-pl. n. [الـ
ـصَّحَــابَةُ is commonly applied to The Companions of the Prophet:] ↓
صَحَــابِىٌّ [is the
n. un., meaning a Companion of the Prophet; and] is conventionally applied to one who saw Mohammad, and whose companionship with him was long, even if he have not related anything from him; or, as some say, even if his companionship with him was not long. (
KT.)
صَحَــابِىٌّ: see the next preceding paragraph.
صَاحِبٌ A companion, an associate, a comrade, a fellow, or a friend; (
A,
MA,
KL,
TA;) a fellow-traveller: (
MA:) [an accomplice: (assumed
tropical:) an accompanier, or attendant, as applied to a thing:] and (
tropical:) a lord, or master; a possessor, an owner, an occupant, a haver, or a proprietor; of anything: (
A,
TA:) it is not
trans. like the verb, therefore you may not say, زَيْدٌ صَاحِبٌ عَمْرًا; (
TA;) [i. e.] it is not used as an
act. part. n., but as a
subst., like وَالِدٌ; (
Ham p. 32:) the
pl., (
S,
Msb,) or term applied to a
pl. number, (
A,
K,
TA,) is ↓
صَحْــبٌ, (
S,
A,
Msb,
K,) a
pl. like رَكْبٌ of رَاكِبٌ, (
S,) or [rather] a
quasi-pl. n., (
TA,) and أَـ
ـصْحَــابٌ, [the most common of all,] (
A,
Msb,) a
pl. like أَشْهَادٌ of شَاهِدٌ, (
TA,) or
pl. of
صَحْــبٌ, like أَفْرَاخٌ of فَرْخٌ, (
S,) and أَصَاحِيبُ, (
S,
K,)
pl. of أَـ
ـصْحَــابٌ, (
S,) and
صُحْــبَانٌ, (
S,
K,) a
pl. like شُبَّانٌ of شَابٌّ, (
S,) and
صِحَــابٌ, (
S,
A,
K,) a
pl. like جِيَاعٌ of جَائِعٌ, (
S,) and
صِحَــابَةٌ, (
A,
K,) in which the ة may be regarded, agreeably with
analogy, as an affix to the
pl. صِحَــابٌ characteristic of the
fem. gender, (
TA,) and ↓
صَحَــابَةٌ, (
S,
A,
Msb,
K,) which is more common than
صِحَــابَةٌ, (
TA,) but the only instance of فَعَالَةٌ as the
pl. measure of a word of the measure فَاعِلٌ, (
L,
TA,) or originally an
inf. n., (
S,) or not so, but a
quasi-pl. n., though written like the
inf. n. [that is said to be its original], (from a marginal note in a copy of the
S,) and ↓
صُحْــبَةٌ, (
S,
A,) a
pl. like فُرْهَةٌ of فَارِهٌ, (
S,
TA,) or [rather] a
quasi-pl. n.: (
TA:) the
fem. is صَاحِبَةٌ, and its
pl. is صَوَاحِبُ and صَوَاحِبَاتٌ, (
Mgh,
Msb,) the latter mentioned by
AAF on the authority of Abu-l- Hasan: (
TA:) hence, in a
trad. of 'Áïsheh, أَنْتُنَّ صَوَاحِبُ يُوسُفَ [Ye are the female companions, or the mistresses, of Joseph; meaning, enticers to lewdness]; or, as some relate it, صَوَاحِبَاتُ يُوسُفَ: (
Mgh:) the
dim. of صَاحِبٌ is ↓ صُوَيْحِبٌ (A) [and that of صَاحِبَهٌ is ↓ صُوَيْحِبَةٌ].
يَاصَاحِ for يَاصَاحِبِى [O my companion, &c.,] is the only allowable instance of such curtailing of a
prefixed noun, related as heard from the Arabs. (
S,
TA.) One says, فُلَانٌ صَاحِبُ صِدْقٍ
[Such a one is a good companion, &c.]. (
A, *
TA.) [And صَاحِبُ جَيْشِ The commander of an army. And صَاحِبُ البَرِيدِ and صَاحِبُ الشُّرْطَةِ
&c.: see arts. برد and شرط &c. And الصَّاحِبُ, alone, in
post-classical times applied to The Wezeer, when an officer of the pen: see De Sacy's Chrest. Ar., sec. ed., ii. 59.] And صَاحِبُ اليَمِينِ [The companion of the right hand] and صَاحِبُ الشِّمَالِ [The companion of the left hand]; appellations of each man's recording angels, who write down his good and evil actions. (A
trad. thus commencing in the
Jámi' es-Sagheer.) and صَاحِبُ الصُّورِ (assumed
tropical:) The angel who is the possessor of the horn. (Idem.) [And صَاحِبُ بَيْتٍ (assumed
tropical:) The owner, or master, of a house or tent.] And أَـ
ـصْحَــابُ الجَنَّةِ (assumed
tropical:) [The inmates, or occupants, of Paradise]: (
Kur ii. 76, &c.:) and أَـ
ـصْحَــابُ النَّارِ (assumed
tropical:) [The inmates, &c., of the fire of Hell]. (
Kur ii. 37, &c.) and صَاحِبُ سِجْنٍ (assumed
tropical:) An inmate of a prison. (
Bd and
Jel in xii. 39.) And صَاحِبُ الصَّفِّ وَالجُمْعَةِ (assumed
tropical:) He who keeps to praying in the first rank and to the prayer of Friday. (El-Munáwee on a
trad. thus commencing in the
Jámi' es-Sagheer.) And أَصْجَابُ الشَّافِعِىِّ (
tropical:) The followers of the persuasion of EshSháfi'ee: and in like manner one says of the followers of other persuasions. (
Msb.) [and صَاحِبُ كِتَابٍ (assumed
tropical:) The author of a book.] and صَاحِبُ عِلْمٍ وَمَالٍ (
tropical:) A possessor of science and of wealth. (
A,
TA.) And صَاحِبُ وِتْرٍ (assumed
tropical:) [One who has a claim for blood-revenge: see an
ex. in a verse cited
voce دَرَّاكٌ]. (Keys Ibn-Rifá'ah,
TA in art. درك.) [And صَاحِبُ أَمْرٍ وَنَهْىٍ (assumed
tropical:) One who possesses authority to command and to forbid. And صَاحِبُ أَمْرٍ also signifies (assumed
tropical:) The author of an affair or event or action; the doer of a thing; the manager, or disposer, thereof: and one who keeps, or adheres, to a thing. And صَاحِبُ دَيْنٍ (assumed
tropical:) A debtor.] And one says, خَرَجَ وَصَاحِبَاهُ السَّيْفُ وَالرُّمْحُ (
tropical:) [He went forth, the sword and the spear being his companions]. (
A,
TA.) صُوَيْحِبٌ and سُوَيْحِبَةٌ dims. of صَاحِبٌ and صَاحِبَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.
أَـ
ـصْحَــبُ
i. q. أَـ
ـصْحَــرُ, (
S,
K,) Of a colour inclining to redness: applied to an ass [
app. to a wild ass]. (
S,
TA.) مُـ
ـصْحَــبٌ [properly Made to have a companion.
b2: And hence,] (assumed
tropical:) A man possessed by a jinnee or demon; a demoniac; or insane. (
K, *
TA.)
b3: See also مُـ
ـصْحِــبٌ.
b4: And (
tropical:) A skin, or hide, (
A,
K,) or a [skin such as is termed] زِقّ, (
S,) having its hair remaining upon it, (
S,
A,
K,) or its wool, or its fur; (
K;) and ↓ مَـ
ـصْحُــوبٌ signifies the same. (
A.) Hence, قِرْبَةٌ مُـ
ـصْحَــبَةٌ (
K,
TA) (
tropical:) A water-skin that has somewhat of its wool [or hair] remaining upon it, and that has not been subjected to the process termed عَطْنٌ. (
TA.)
b5: And (
tropical:) A branch, or stick, that has not been stripped of its bark, or peel. (
TA.) مُـ
ـصْحِــبٌ [properly Having a companion.
b2: And hence,] A man having a son that has attained to manhood, and become like him. (
K, *
TA.)
b3: And (
tropical:) One who talks to himself; and so, sometimes, ↓ مُـ
ـصْحَــبٌ. (
K,
TA.)
b4: And (
tropical:) Tractable, submissive, or obsequious, after being refractory, or incompliant; (
K;) as also ↓ مُصَاحِبٌ, (
A,
K,) and ↓ مُسْتَـ
ـصْحِــبٌ. (
TA. [See also the next paragraph.])
b5: And (assumed
tropical:) Going straight on, or right on, without delay. (
K.) هُوَ مِـ
ـصْحَــابٌ لَنَا بِمَا نُحِبُّ (assumed
tropical:) He is [very] submissive, or compliant, to us in that which we like. (
K.) [See also مُـ
ـصْحِــبٌ.]
مَـ
ـصْحُــوبٌ [Associated with, or accompanied].
b2: [Hence,] one says [to a person departing], اِمْضِ مَـ
ـصْحُــوبًا (
tropical:) Go thou, kept in safety, preserved from harm; and [so] ↓ مُصَاحَبًا: (
A,
TA:) and [in like manner,] in bidding farewell, مُعَافًا
↓ مُصَاحَبًا (
tropical:) [Be thou kept in safety or health, preserved from harm]: and a poet says, ↓ وَصَاحِبِى مِنْ دَوَاعِى السُّوْءِ مُصْطَحَبُ (assumed
tropical:) [And my companion is preserved, or defended, from the causes of evil]. (
TA.)
b3: See also مُـ
ـصْحَــبٌ.
مُصَاحَبٌ: see مَـ
ـصْحُــوبٌ, in two places.
مُصَاحِبٌ: see مُـ
ـصْحِــبٌ.
مُصْطَحَبٌ: see مَـ
ـصْحُــوبٌ.
مُسْتَـ
ـصْحِــبٌ: see مُـ
ـصْحِــبٌ.
