اصل
1 أَصُلَ, (
K,)
inf. n. أَصَالَةٌ; (
TA;) or أَصِلَ; (
M;) It (a thing,
M) had, or came to have, root, or a foundation; (
M,
K;) as also ↓ تأصّل: (
M:) or it was, or became, firm, or established, and firmly rooted or founded; as also ↓ تأصّل: (
K:) and [in like manner] ↓ استأصل it (a thing) was, or became, firm in its root or foundation, and strong. (
Msb.) You say, الشَجَرَةُ ↓ اِسْتَأْصَلَتِ The tree [took root; or] grew, and became firm in its root. (
TA.)
b2: [Hence,] أَصُلَ, (
S,
M,
K,)
inf. n. as above, (
S,
M,) He (a man,
S, *
M) was, or became, firm, (
S,
M,
K;) or sound, (
S,) of judgment; (
S,
M,
K;) intelligent. (
M: [and so, probably, in correct copies of the
K; but in a
MS. copy of the
K and in the
CK; and
TA, instead of عَاقِل, the reading in the
M, I find عَاقِب.])
b3: Also, (
S, *
K,)
inf. n. as above, (
S,
TA,) It (judgment, or opinion,) was, or became, firm, or sound, (
S, *
TA,) or good. (
K.)
b4: And,
inf. n. as above, It (a thing) was, or became, eminent, noble, or honourable. (
Msb.)
A2: أَصَلَهُ, [
aor. and
inf. n. as in what follows next after this sentence,] He hit, or struck, its root, or foundation; that by being which it was what it was, or in being which it consisted; or its ultimate constituent. (
A,
TA.)
b2: And hence, (
A,
TA,) أَصَلَهُ عِلْمًا, (
A,
K,
TA,)
aor. ـُ
inf. n. أَصْلٌ: (
TA;) or ↓ آصَلَهُ [with medd, (which I think to be a mistake, unless this be a
dial. var.,) and without علما]; (so in a copy of the
M;) (assumed
tropical:) He knew it completely, or thoroughly, or superlatively well,
syn. قَتَلَهُ, (
K,) [i. e.] قَتَلَهُ عِلْمًا, so that he was acquainted with its أَصْل [or root, or foundation, or its ultimate constituent, as is indicated in the
A and
TA]: (
M:) or this is from أَصَلَةٌ, as meaning “a certain very deadly serpent;” (
A,
TA;) [whence the phrase,]
b3: أَصَلَتْهُ الأَصَلَةُ, (
K,)
inf. n. أَصْلٌ, (
TA,) The [serpent called] اصلة sprang upon him (
K,
TA) and slew him. (
TA.)
A3: أَصِلَ,
aor. ـَ (
M,
K,)
inf. n. أَصَلٌ, (
M,) said of water,
i. q. أَسِنَ; (
M,
K;) i. e. It became altered for the worse (
M,
TA) in its taste and odour, (
TA,) from fetid black mud (
K,
TA) therein: so says Ibn-'Abbád: (
TA:) and said of flesh-meat, it became altered (
K,
TA) in like manner. (
TA.)
A4: أَصِلَ فُلَانٌ يَفْعَلُ كَذَا وَ كَذَا Such a one set about, or commenced, doing thus and thus, or such and such things. (
TA.) 2 أصلّهُ,
inf. n. تَأْصِيلٌ, He made it to have a firm, or fixed, root, or foundation, whereon to build, (
Msb,
TA,) i. e., whereon another thing might be built. (El-Munáwee,
TA.) [Hence,] أصّل مَالَهُ
i. q. أَثَّلَهُ [He made his wealth, or property, to have root, or a foundation; or to become firm, or established, and firmly rooted or founded: see, below, أَصْلُ مَالٍ, and مَالٌ لَهُ أَصْلٌ]. (
M and
K in art. اثل.)
b2: أصّل الأُصُولَ [He disposed, arranged, distributed, classified, or set in order, the fundamentals, fundamental articles, principles, elements, or rudiments, of a science, &c.,] is a phrase similar to بَوَّبَ الأَبْوَابَ and رَتَّبَ الرُّتَبَ. (
TA.) 4 آصل, (
inf. n. إِيصَالٌ,
TA,) He entered upon the time called أَصِيل,
q. v. (
S,
M,
K.)
A2: See also أَصَلَهُ عِلْمًا.
5 تأصّل: see 1, first sentence, in two places.
10 استأصل: see 1, in two places, first and second sentences.
A2: استأصلهُ He uprooted it; unrooted it; eradicated it; extirpated it; pulled it up, or out, or off, from its root, or foundation, or lowest part, (
S,
TA,) or with its roots, or foundations, or lowest parts;; (
TA;) he cut it off (
M,
Msb) from its root, or lowest part, (
M,) or with its roots, or lowest parts. (
Msb.) Yousay, اِسْتَأْصَلَ اللّٰهُ شَأْفَتَهُمْ, a precative phrase, meaning May God [extirpate or] remove (from them) their شأفة; which is an ulcer, or a purulent pustule, that comes forth in the foot, and is cauterized, and in consequence goes away: (
M:) or استأصل شأفتهم [in general usage] means he extirpated them, or may he extirpate them; or he cut off, or may he cut off, the last remaining of them. (
TA. [See also art. شأف.]) and استأصل القَوْمَ, i. e. قَطَعَ أَصْلَهُمْ [He cut off the root, race, or stock, of the people; i. e. he extirpated them]. (
M.) And استأصل اللّٰهُ الكُفَّارَ God destroyed altogether or entirely, or may God destroy altogether or entirely, the unbelievers. (
Msb.) And استأصل الخِتَانَ He performed the circumcision so as to remove the prepuce utterly. (
TA in art. سحت.) أَصْلٌ The lower, or lowest, part of a thing; [i. e. its root, bottom, or foot;] (
M,
Msb,
K;) as also ↓ يَأْصُولٌ: (
M,
K:) so of a mountain: and of a wall; (
TA;) i. e. its foundation, or base: (
Msb:) and of a tree [or plant]; (
TA;) i. e. [its stem, or trunk, or stock, or] the part from which the branches are broken off: (
TA in art. كسر:) [and also its root, or foot; for] the سَاق of a tree is said to be the part between its أَصْل and the place where its branches shoot out: (
TA in art. سوق:) [and a stump of a tree: and hence, a block of wood: (see exs.
voce نَقِيرٌ:)]
pl. أُصُولٌ (
S,
M,
Msb,
K) and [
pl. of pauc.] آصُلٌ: (
AHn,
K:) [
ISd says that] the former is its only
pl.: (
M:) [but] the latter
pl. occurs in a verse of Lebeed, (which see below,) as cited by
AHn. (
TA.) You say, قَعَدَ فِى أَصْلِ جَبَلِ He sat upon, or at, the lowest part [&c.] of the mountain; and فِى أَصْلِ الـ
ـحَائِطِ at the lowest part [&c.] of the wall. (
TA.) And قَلَعَهُ مِنْ أَصْلِهِ [He pulled it up, or out, or off, from its root, or foundation, or lowest part]; and بأُصُولِهِ [with its roots, or foundations, or lowest parts; both meaning, utterly, entirely, or altogether]. (
TA in explanation of استأصلهُ,
q. v.) And قَلَعَ أَصْلَ الشَّجَرَةِ He pulled up, or out, the lowest part, [or stem or stock or root or foot or stump,] of the tree. (
TA.) Lebeed says, [of a wild cow,] تَجْتَافُ آصُلَ قَالِصٍ مُتَنَبِّذٍ
بِعُجُوبِ أَنْقَآءٍ يَمِيلُ هَيَامُهَا [She enters into the midst of the stems of trees with high branches, apart from others, i. e. from other trees, in the hinder parts of sand-hills, the fine loose sand thereof inclining upon her]: (
AHn,
TA:) but as some relate it, أَصْلًا قَالِصًا. (
TA. [See
EM, p. 161.])
b2: A thing upon which another thing is built or founded [either properly or tropically]: (
KT,
Kull p. 50,
TA:) the foundation, or basis, of a thing, [either properly or tropically,] which being imagined to be taken away, or abstracted, by its being taken away, or abstracted, the rest thereof becomes also taken away, or abstracted: (
Er-Rághib,
TA:) that upon which the existence of anything rests [or depends]; so the father is اصل to the offspring, and the river is اصل to the streamlet that branches off from it: (
Msb:) or a thing upon which another thing depends as a branch; as the father in relation to the son: (
Kull:) [i. e. the origin, source, beginning, or commencement, of a thing: the origin, original, root, race, or stock, from which a man springs. Hence شَىْءٌ لَهُ أَصْلٌ A thing having root, or a foundation; and consequently, having rootedness, fixedness, im-mobility, stability, or permanence; rooted, fixed, immoveable, stable, or permanent. Whence,] مَالٌ لَهُ أَصْلٌ, (
Mgh voce عَقَارٌ,) and مِلْكٌ ثَابِتٌ لَهُ أَصْلٌ, (
Msb in explanation of that word,) and مَا لَهُ أَصْلٌ, (
KT in explanation of the same,) [Real, or immoveable, property;] property such as consists in a house or land yielding a revenue; (
Mgh;) or such as a house and palm-trees; (
Msb;) or such as land and a house. (
KT.) [Hence, also, أَصْلٌ مَالٍ signifying A source of wealth or profit; a stock, fund, capital, or principal. You say,] اِتَّخَذْتُهُ لِنَفْسِى أَصْلَ مَالٍلِلنَّسْلِ لَا لِلِتِّجَارَةِ [I took it for myself as a source of wealth or profit, for breeding, not for traffic]. (
Mgh in art. قنو.) You say also, بَاعَ أَصْلَ أَرْضِهِ [meaning He sold the fundamental property, i. e. the property itself, of his land]. (
S voce عِكْرٌ.) [See also an
ex. in conjugation 4 in art. بقَى: and another in the first paragraph of art. حبس.] And أَخَذَهُ بِأَصْلِهِ [He took it as it were with its root, or the like; meaning, entirely]. (
K. [See أَصِيلَةٌ.]) and قَطَعَ أَصْلَهُمْ [He cut off their root, race, or stock; i. e. he extirpated them]. (
M.) and فُلَانٌ فِى أَصْلِ صِدْقِ, (
S and
L in art. ضنأ,) and فِى أَصْلِ سُوْءٍ, (
L ibid.,) Such a one is of an excel-lent origin, or race, or stock, (
S,
L,) and of a bad origin, or race, or stock; (
L;) اصل being here
syn. with ضِنْء (
S,
L) and مَعْدِن. (
S.) and فُلَانٌ فِى أَصْلِ الكَرَمِ Such a one is of [a race] the source of generosity, or nobleness; اصل being here
syn. with بُؤْبُؤ. (
S in art. بأ.) And لَا أَصْلَ لَهُ وَ لَا فَصْلَ He has no حَسَب [i. e. grounds of pretension to respect or honour; or rank, or nobility, or the like]; nor tongue [i. e. eloquence]: (
Ks,
S,
O,
Msb:) or he has no intellect, (
IAar,
Msb, El-Munáwee,) nor eloquence: (El-Munáwee,
TA:) or he has no lineage, nor tongue: (
L:) or he has no father, nor child: (
Kull p. 53:) [or he has no known stock nor branch; for] فَصْلٌ is the
contr. of أَصْلٌ, and in relationship signifies a branch. (
Msb in art. فصل.) You say also, مَا فَعَلْتُهُ أَصْلًا, meaning I have not done it ever; and I will not do it ever; the last word being in the
accus. case as an adverbial noun; i. e. I have not done it at any time; and I will not do it at any time. (
Msb, El-Munáwee,
TA.)
b3: [It also signifies The original, or elemental, matter, material, substance, or part, of a thing;
syn. with عُنْصُرٌ;] that from which a thing is taken [or made]. (
KT voce دَاخِلٌ.)
b4: [The fundamental, or essential, part of a thing. Hence,
sing. of أُصُولٌ as signifying The fundamentals, fundamental articles or dogmas, principles, elements, or rudiments, of a science &c. Whence,] عِلْمُ الأُصُولِ, (
TA,) [meaning] عِلْمُ
أُصُولِ الدِّينِ [The science of the fundamentals, fundamental articles or dogmas, or principles, of religion; the science of theology, or divinity; according to the system of the Muslims, as distinguished from that of the philosophers;] the science of the articles, or tenets, of belief; also called الفِقْهُ الأَكْبَرُ; (
Kull.
voce فِقْه;) and [more commonly] عِلْمُ الكَلَامِ. (Hájjee Khaleefeh.) [See also 2.]
b5: A radical (as opposed to an augmentative) letter; as being an essential element of a word. (The Lexicons passim.)
b6: The original form of a word. (The same passim.)
b7: The original, or primary, signification of a word. (The same passim.)
b8: An original copy of a book: and a copy of a book from which one quotes, or transcribes, any portion. (
TA, &c., passim.)
b9: [The original, or primary, state, or condition: or] the old state, or condition. (
Kull p. 50.) You say, الأَصْلُ فِى الأَشْيَآءِ الإِبَاحَةُ وَ الطَّهَارَةُ The old state, or condition, of things is that of being allowable, or lawful, and that of being pure, or clean. (
Kull ubi suprà.) And رَجَعَتْ إِلَى أَصْلِهَا She returned, or reverted, [to her original, or old, state, or condition; or to her natural disposition;] to a natural disposition which she had relinquished. (
S voce عِتْرٌ.)
b10: [The utmost point, or degree, to which a person, or thing, can go, or be brought or reduced: and,
app., the utmost that one can do. Hence the saying,] لَأَضْطَرَّنَّكَ إِلَى أَصْلِكَ [I will assuredly impel thee, or drive thee, against thy will, to the utmost point to which thou canst go, or be brought or reduced: or, constrain thee to do thine utmost]. (
IAar in
L, art. قح [where it is given in explanation of the phrases لَأَضْطَرَّنَّكَ and قُحَاحِكَ; and so in the
T in art. تر in explanation of the former of these two phrases; which is said in the
M, in art. تر, to mean I will assuredly make thee to have recourse to thine utmost effort, or endeavour; and in the
L in art. قح this is given as another explanation of the latter of the same two phrases. See also the saying, لَأُلْجِئَنَّكَ إِلَى قُرِّ قَرَارِكَ, explained
voce قَرَارٌ.])
b11: [That by being which a thing is what it is, or in being which it consists; or its ultimate constituent;
syn. حَقِيقَةٌ; a meaning well known; and indicated, in the
A and
TA, by the coupling of حَقِيقَة with أَصْل, evidently as an explicative adjunct.]
b12: [The prime of a thing; the principal, purest, best, or choicest, part thereof; what is, or constitutes, the most essential part thereof; its very essence. Hence,] أَصْلُ دَارٍ [The principal part of a country]; (
As,
S,
Msb,
K,
voce عَقْرٌ;) [which is] the place where the people dwell, or abide. (
As and
S ibid. [See عَقْرٌ.]) And أَصْلٌ قَوْمٍ [The principal place of abode of a people]. (
S and
K voce بَيْضَةٌ. [See this word.]) and هُوَ فِى أَصْلِ قَوْمِهِ He is of the prime, or of the purest in race, the best, or the choicest, of his people;
i. q. صُيَّابَتِهِمْ, and صُيَّابِهِمْ. (
TA in art. صيب.)
b13: What is most fit, or proper: as when one says, الأَصْلُ فِى الإِنْسَانِ العِلْمُ [What is most fit, or proper, in man, is knowledge]; i. e., knowledge is more fit, or proper, than ignorance: and الأَصْلُ فِى المُبْتَدَإِ التَّقْدِيمُ What is [most] fit, or proper, in the case of the
inchoative, is the putting [it] before [the
enunciative], whenever there is no obstacle. (
Kull p.50.)
b14: What is preponderant in relation to what is preponderated: as, in language, the word used in its proper sense [in relation to that used in a
tropical sense]. (
Kull ibid.)
b15: What is [essential, or] requisite, or needful: as when one says الأَصْلُ فِى الحَيَوَانِ الغِذَآءُ [What is essential, or requisite, or needful, in the case of the animal, is food]. (
Kull ibid.)
b16: A [primary, or] universal, or general, rule, or canon. (
Kull ibid.)
b17: An indication, an evidence, or a proof, in relation to that which is indicated, or evidenced, or proved. (
Kull ibid.) أَصَلٌ: see its
n. un., أَصَلَةٌ
أَصِلٌ, (
K,) or ↓ أَصِيلٌ, (
M,)
i. q. ↓ مُسْتَأْصِلٌ. (
M,
K.) You say قَلْعٌ أَصِلٌ Eradicating, or extirpating, evulsion: (
TA:) or ↓ قَطْعٌ أَصِيلٌ extirpating excision. (
M.) أُصُلٌ, said by some to be a
pl., and by others to be a
dial. var., of أَصِيلٌ: see the latter word, in two places.
أَصَلَةٌ: see أَصِيلَةٌ.
A2: Also A kind of serpent, the most malignant, or noxious, of serpents: (
S:) or a serpent, (
M,
K,) short, (
M, [where, in the only copy to which I have access, I find added, كَالرِئَةِ,
app. a mistranscription, for كَالرُّمَّةِ, like the fragment of a rope,]) or small, (
K,) red, but not intensely red, (
M,) very deadly, of the most malignant, or noxious, kind, (
TA,) having one leg, upon which it stands, (
M,
TA,) then turns round, then springs, (
TA,) that springs upon a man, and blows, killing everything upon which it blows: (
M:) or, as some say, a great serpent, (
M,
K,) that kills by its blowing: (
K:) or one of the very crafty kinds of serpents, short and broad, said to be like the shaft of an arrow, and it springs upon the horseman: (
Msb:)
pl. ↓ أَصَلٌ, (
S,
M.
Msb,
K,) [or rather this is a
coll. gen. n.,] and [
pl. of pauc.] آصَالٌ. (
Msb.)
b2: [Hence,
app.,] (assumed
tropical:) Short and broad: applied to a man and to a woman. (
TA.) أَصْلِىٌّ [Radical; fundamental; primitive; original; underived: an
epithet of extensive application; and particularly applied to a letter of a word, as opposed to augmentative; and to a signification]. (The Lexicons &c. passim.) أَصْلِيَّةٌ [The quality denoted by the
epithet أَصْلِىٌّ; radicalness, &c.:] a term used by
IJ [and others] in the place of تَأَصُّلٌ: see 5. (
M.) أَصِيلٌ [Having root, or a foundation; and consequently, having rootedness, fixedness, immobility, stability, or permanence; rooted, fixed, immoveable, stable, or permanent]. You say, إِنَّ النَّخْلَ فِى أَرْضِنَا لَأَصِيلٌ Verily the palm-trees in our land remain permanently, not perishing. (
A,
TA.)
b2: A man having أَصْل, (
K,
TA,) i. e., lincage, or pedigree: (
TA:) or established in his أَصْل: (Abu-l-BaKà,
TA:) or noble, or generous. (
Msb.)
b3: A man firm of judgment, and intelligent. (
M,
K.* [
Accord. to the copies of the latter, the signification is عَاقِبٌ ثَابِتُ الرَّأْىِ: but I think that the right reading of the first word is عَاقِلٌ, as in the
M, in which this word occupies the last place in the explanation.]) And أَصِيلُ الرَّأْىِ A man firm, or sound, of judgment. (
S.) and رَأْىٌ أَصِيلٌ Judgment having أَصْل [i. e. firmness]. (
M.) And مَجْدٌ أَصِيلٌ Glory, honour, dignity, or nobility, having a firm root or foundation. (
S.) And شَرٌّ أَصِيلٌ Vehement evil or mischief. (Ibn-'Abbád.)
A2: See also أَصِلٌ, in two places.
b2: [Hence,
app.,] الأَصِيلُ Destruction: and death: as also, in both senses, ↓ الأَصِيلَةُ. (
K.)
A3: [The evening; or]
i. q. عَشِىٌّ; (
M,
K,
Msb,
TA;) i. e. (
Msb,
TA) the time from the عَصْر, (
S,
TA,) from the prayer of the عصر, (
Msb,) to sunset; (Sudot;,
Msb,
TA;) as also ↓ أَصِيلَةٌ: (
R,
TA:) the
pl. is أُصُلٌ, (
S,
M,
R,
Msb,
K,) or ↓ this is a
sing., (
TA,) or it may be a
sing., (
M,) for it is used as such, (
M,
TA,) and أُصْلَانٌ, (
S,
M,
K,) and آصَالٌ, (
S,
M,
Sgh,
K,) [a
pl. of pauc.,] or,
accord. to Es-Saláh Es-Safadee, this is a
pl. of أُصُلٌ, the
sing., not the
pl., (
TA,) or it is
pl. of أُصُلٌ, (
Zj,
M,) which may be a
pl. or a
sing., (
M,) and أَصَائِلُ, (
S,
M,
K,) as though
pl. of أَصِيلَةٌ, (
S,) or it is
pl. of this last word. (
R,
TA.) You say, لَقِيتُهُ أَصِيلًا and ↓ أُصُلًا, i. e. [I met him in the evening,] عَشِيًّا. (
A,
TA.) From the
pl. أُصْلَانُ is formed the dim.
↓ أُصَيْلَانٌ, (
S,
M,
K,) which is
extr., (
M,
K,) because the
dim. of a
pl. is [regularly] formed only from a
pl. of pauc., which اصلان is not; or, if اصلان be a
sing., like رُمَّانٌ and قُرْبَانٌ, this
dim. is regular: (
M:) sometimes, (
K,) one says also ↓ أُصَيْلَالٌ, (
S,
M,
K,) substituting ل for the [final] ن (
S,
M.*) You say, ↓لَقِيتُهُ أُصَيْلَانًا and ↓ أُصَيْلَالًا, meaning, as above, عَشِيًّا: (
A,
TA:) and
Lh mentions ↓ لقيته أُصَيَّالًا. (So in two copies of the
S.) أَصيلَةٌ A man's whole property: (
M,
K:) or his palm-trees: (
K,
TA: in the
CK his palmtree:) thus in the
dial. of El-Hijáz. (
O,
TA.)
b2: أَخَذَهُ بِأَصِيلَتِهِ, (
S,
M,
K,) and ↓ بِأَصَلَتِهِ, (
IAar,
M,
K,) He took it altogether, (
S,
M,
K,) [as it were] with its root, (
S,
M,) not leaving aught of it. (
TA.) And جَاؤُوا بِأَصِيلَتِهِمْ They came altogether; the whole of them. (
S,
Z.)
A2: لِفُلَانٍ أَرْضٌ أَصِيلَةٌ To such a one belongs land long possessed, or inherited from his parents, by means of which he has his living: a phrase of the people of Et-
Táïf. (
TA.)
A3: See also أَصِيلٌ, in two places.
أُصُولِى One skilled in the science termed عِلْمٌ الأُصُولِ: see أَصْلٌ. (
TA.) لَقِيتُهُ أُصَيَّالًا: see أَصِيلٌ, last sentence.
أُصَيْلَانٌ and أُصَيلَالٌ: see أَصِيلٌ, in four places, last two sentences.
لَقِيتُهُ مُؤْصِلًا I met him entering upon the time called the أَصِيل. (
TA.) And أَتَيْنَا مُؤْصِلِينَ We came entering upon the time so called. (
S.) أَصْلٌ مُؤَصَّلٌ [ A root, or foundation, or the like, made firm, or fixed, or established]. (
S.) [See also أَصِيلٌ.]
شَاةٌ مُسْتَأْصَلَةٌ A sheep, or goat, whose horn has been taken from its root. (
TA.) مُسْتَأْصِلٌ: see أَصِلٌ.
يَأْصُولٌ: see أَصْلٌ, first sentence.
