اذ

إِذْ a word denoting past time: (Lth, T, S, M, L, Mughnee, K:) it is a noun, (S, L, Mughnee, K,) indecl., with its last letter quiescent; and properly is prefixed to a proposition; (S, L, K;) as in جِئْتُكَ إِذْ قَامَ زَيدٌ [I came to thee when Zeyd stood], and إِذْ زَيْدٌ قَائِمٌ and إِذْ زَيْدٌ يقُومُ [When Zeyd was standing]. (S, L.) The proposition to which it is prefixed is either nominal, as in [the words of the Kur viii. 26,] وَاذْكُرُوا إِذْ أَنْتُمْ قَلِيلٌ [And remember ye when ye were few]; or verbal, having the verb in the pret. as to the letter and as to the meaning, as in [the Kur ii. 28, &c.,] وَإِذْ قَالَ رَبُّكَ لِلْمَلَائِكَةِ [And when thy Lord said unto the angels]; or verbal with the verb in the pret. as to the meaning but not as to the letter, as in [the Kur ii. 121,] وَ إِذْ يَرْفَعُ إِبْرٰهِيمُ القَوَاعِدَ [And when Abraham was rearing the foundations]; all three of which kinds are comprised in the Kur where it is said, [ix. 40,]
إِلَّا تَنْصُرُوهُ فَقَدْ نَصَرَهُ اللّٰهُ إِذْ أَخْرَجَهُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا ثَانِىَ اثْنَيْنِ إِذْ هُمَا فِى الغَارِ إِذْ يَقُولُ لِصَاحِبِهِ لَا تَحزَنْ إِنَّ اللّٰهَ مَعَنَا [If ye will not aid him, verily God aided him, when those who disbelieved expelled him, being the second of two, when they two were in the cave, when he was saying to his companion, Grieve not thou, for God is with us]. (Mughnee.) But sometimes one half of the proposition is suppressed, as in إِذْ ذَاكَ, [also written إِذَّاكَ,] meaning إِذْ ذَاكَ كَذٰلِكَ [When that was so], or إِذْ ذَاكَ كَائِنٌ [When that was, i. e. then, at that time]. (Mughnee.) And sometimes the whole of the proposition is suppressed, (M, Mughnee,) as being known, (Mughnee,) and tenween is substituted for it; the ذ receiving kesreh because of the occurrence of two quiescent letters together, (M, Mughnee,) namely the ذ and the tenween, (M,) and thus one says, يَوْمَئِذٍ; the kesreh of the ذ not being, as Akh holds it to be, the kesreh of declension, although اذ here occupies the place of a noun governed in the gen. case by another prefixed to it, (M, Mughnee,) for it still requires a proposition to be understood after it, (Mughnee,) and is held to be indecl. (M, Mughnee) by general consent, like كَمْ and مَنْ, (M,) as being composed of two letters. (Mughnee.) [J says,] when إِذْ is not prefixed to a proposition, it has tenween: (S:) and hence Aboo-Dhu-eyb says, (S, M,) نَهَيْتُكَ عَنْ طِلَابِكَ أُمَّ عَمْرٍو بِعَافِيَةٍ وَأَنْتَ إِذٍ صَحِيحُ [I forbade thy suing Umm-'Amr in health, thou being then sound]; (S, M, L, Mughnee, TA; [but in two copies of the S, for بِعَافِيَةٍ, I find بِعَاقِبَةٍ; and in the L it is without any point;]) in which [J says] the poet means حِينَئِذٍ, like as one says يَوْمَئذٍ and لَيْلَتَئِذٍ: (S:) and Fr says that some of the Arabs say, كَانَ كَذَا و كَذَا وَهُوَ إِذٍ صَبِىٌّ, meaning هُوَ إِذْ ذَاكَ صَبِىٌّ [Such and such things were, he being then a boy]. (T.) إِذِى also occurs for اذ [app. إِذٍ, but whether this or إِذْ is not clear in the MS. from which I take this]. (M.) When إِذٍ is adjoined to nouns signifying times, the Arabs join it therewith in writing, in certain instances: namely حِينَئِذٍ [At that time, or then], and يَوْمَئِذٍ

[In, or on, or at, that day], and لَيْلَتَئِذٍ [In, or on, or at, that night], and غَدَاتَئِذٍ [In, or on, that morning], and عَشِيَّتَئِذٍ [In, or on, that evening], and سَاعَتَئِذٍ [In that hour: or at that time; then], and عَامَئِذٍ [In that year], [and وَقْتَئِذٍ At that time; then]; but they did not say الآنَئِذٍ, because الآنَ denotes the nearest present time, except in the dial. of Hudheyl, in which it has been found to occur. (T.) When it is followed by a verb, or by a noun not having the article ال prefixed to it, or [rather] by any movent letter, the ذ of إِذْ is quieseent; but when it is followed by a noun with ال, [or by any ا,] the ذ is mejroorah, as in the saying, إِذِ القَوْمُ كَانُوا نَازِلِينَ بِكَاظِمَهْ [When the people, or company of men, were alighting, or taking up their abode, at Kádhimeh]. (T.) b2: In general, (Mughnee, K,) it is an adverbial noun denoting past time, (M, Mughnee, K,) when it is a noun denoting such time, (Mughnee, K,) as in وَ إِذْ قَالَ رَبُّكَ لِلْمَلَائِكَةِ [explained above], (M,) and in فَقَدْ نَصَرَهُ اللّٰهُ إِذْ

أَخْرَجَهُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا [also explained above, and in other instances already mentioned]: (Mughnee, K:) in the former of which instances, AO says that it is redundant; (M, Mughnee;) but Aboo-Is-hák says that this is a bold assertion of his; (M;) [and IHsh says,] this assertion is of no account, and so is that of him who says that it here denotes certainty, like قَدْ: (Mughnee:) [J holds the opinion of AO on this point; for he says,] إِذْ is sometimes redundant, like إِذَا, as in the saying in the Kur [ii. 48], وَإِذْ وَاعَدْنَا مُوسَى, meaning وَوَاعَدْنَا مُوسَى [And We appointed a time with Moses; but instances of this kind are most probably elliptical: see the next sentence]. (S.) As a noun denoting past time, it is [said to be] also an objective complement of a verb, as in [the Kur vii. 84,] وَاذْكُرُوا إِذْ كُنْتُمْ قَلِيلاً [and remember ye when ye were few]: (Mughnee, K:) and generally in the commencements of narratives in the Kur, it may be an objective complement of أُذْكُرْ understood, as in وَ إِذْ قَالَ رَبُّكَ لِلْمَلَائِكَةِ [before cited], and the like. (Mughnee: but see the third of the sentences here following.) As such, it is [said to be] also a substitute for the objective complement of a verb, as in [the Kur xix. 16,] وَ اذْكُرْ فِى الْكِتَابِ مَرْيَمَ إِذِ انْتَبَذَتْ [and mention thou, or remember thou, in the Scripture, Mary, the time when she withdrew aside], where اذ is a substitute of implication for مريم. (Mughnee, K: but see the second of the sentences here following.) As such, it also has prefixed to it a noun of time, of such a kind that it is without need thereof, as in يَوْمَئِذٍ, or not of such a kind that it is without need thereof, as in [the Kur iii. 6,] بَعْدَ إِذْ هَدَيْتَنَا [After the time when Thou hast directed us aright]. (Mughnee, K.) And it is generally asserted, that it never occurs otherwise than as an adverbial noun, or as having a noun prefixed to it; that in the like of وَاذْكُرُوا إِذْ كُنْتُمْ قَلِيلاً, it is an adverbial noun relating to an objective complement suppressed, i. e. وَ اذْكُرُوا نِعْمَةَ اللّٰهِ عَلَيْكُمْ إِذْ كُنْتُمْ قَلِيلاً [And remember ye the grace of God towards you when ye were few]; and in the like of إِذِ انْتَبَذَتْ, that it is an adverbial noun relating to a suppressed prefixed noun to [that which becomes by the suppression] the objective complement of a verb, i. e. [in this instance]

وَ اذْكُرْ قِصَّةَ مَرْيَمَ [And mention thou, or remember thou, the case of Mary]: and this assertion is strengthened by the express mention of the [proper] objective complement in [the Kur iii. 98,] وَ اذْكُروا نِعْمَةَ اللّٰهِ عَلَيْكُمْ إِذْ كُنْتُمْ أَعْدَآءً [And remember ye the grace of God towards you when ye were enemies]. (Mughnee.) b3: Also, (Mughnee, K,) accord. to some, (T, Mughnee,) it is used (T, Mughnee, K) as a noun (Mughnee, K) to indicate future time, (T, Mughnee, K,) and إِذَا is said to denote past time, (T,) [i. e.] each of these occurs in the place of the other; (TA;) the former being used to indicate future time in the Kur [xxxiv. 50], where it is said, وَلَوْ تَرَى إِذْ فَزِعُوا [And couldst thou see the time when they shall be terrified], meaning the day of resurrection; this usage being allowable, says Fr, only because the proposition is like one expressing a positive fact, since there is no doubt of the coming of that day; (T;) and in [the Kur xcix. 4,] يَوْمَئِذٍ تُحَدِّثُ أَخْبَارَهَا [On that day, she (the earth) shall tell her tidings]; (Mughnee, K;) this being generally regarded as similar to the expression of a future event which must necessarily happen as though it had already happened; but it may be urged in favour of those who hold a different opinion that it is said in the Kur [xl. 72 and 73], فَسَوْفَ يَعْلَمُونَ إِذِ الأَغلَالُ فِى

أَعْنَاقِهِمْ [They shall hereafter know, when the collars shall be on their necks]; for يعلمون is a future as to the letter and the meaning because of its having سوف conjoined with it, and it governs اذ, which is therefore in the place of إِذَا. (Mughnee.) b4: It also indicates a cause, as in [the Kur xliii. 38,] لَنْ يَنْفَعَكُمُ الْيَوْمَ إِذْ ظَلَمْتُمْ [It will not profit you this day, since, or because, ye have acted wrongfully], (Mughnee, K,) i. e. because of your having acted wrongfully in the sublunary state of existence; (Bd, Mughnee;) but it is disputed whether it be in this instance a particle in the place of the causative ل, or an adverbial noun: (Mughnee:) Aboo-'Alee seems to hold that اذ ظلمتم [as meaning when ye have acted wrongfully] is a substitute for, or a kind of repetition of, اليوم; an event happening in the present world being spoken of as though it happened in the world to come because the latter immediately follows the former. (IJ, M, L, Mughnee.) Yousay also, الحَمْدُ لِلّٰهِ إِذْ جِئْتَ [Praise be to God because, or that, thou camest, or hast come]. (S in art. جيأ.) b5: It is also used to denote one's experiencing the occurrence of a thing when he is in a particular state; (S, L;) or to denote a thing's happening suddenly, or unexpectedly; (S, Mughnee, K;) like إِذَا; (S;) and in this case is only followed by a verb expressing an event as a positive fact, (S, L,) and occurs after بَيْنَا and بَيْنَمَا; (Mughnee, K;) as [in exs. voce بَيْنَ; and] in بَيْنَمَا أَنَا كَذَا إِذْ جَآءَ زَيْدٌ [While I was thus, or in this state, lo, or behold, or there, or then, at that time, (accord. to different authorities, as will be seen below,) Zeyd came]; (S, L;) and as in the saying of a poet, اِسْتَقْدِرِ اللّٰهَ خَيْراً وَارْضَيَنَّ بِهِ فَبَيْنَمَاالْعُسْرُ إِذ دَارَتْ مَيَاسِيرُ [Beg thou God to appoint for thee good, and do thou be content therewith; for while there has been difficulty, lo, easy circumstances have come about]: (Mughnee, K: *) but it is disputed whether it be [in this case] an adverbial noun of place, (Mughnee, K,) as Zj and AHei hold; (TA;) or of time, (Mughnee, K,) as Mbr holds; (TA;) or a particle denoting the sudden, or unexpected, occurrence of a thing, (Mughnee, K,) as IB and Ibn-Málik hold; (TA;) or a corroborative, i. e. [grammatically] redundant, particle, (Mughnee, K,) an opinion which Ibn-Ya'eesh holds, and to which Er-Radee inclines. (TA.) b6: It is also a conditional particle, but only used as such coupled with ما, (S, L, Mughnee, *) and causes two aor. sts to assume the mejzoom form, (Mughnee,) as when you say, إِذْمَا تَأْتِنِى آتِكَ [When, or whenever, thou shalt come to me, I will come to thee], like as you say, إِنْ تأْتِنِى وَقْتًا

آتِكَ [If thou come to me at some, or any, time, I will come to thee]; and you say also إِذْمَا أَتَيْتَ [like as you say, إِنْ أَتَيْتَ, using the pret. in the sense of the future]: (S, L:) it is a particle accord. to Sb, used in the manner of the conditional إِنْ; but it is an adverbial noun accord. to Mbr and Ibn-Es-Sarráj and El-Fárisee. (Mughnee.) b7: [What I have translated from the S, L, K, and TA, in this art., is mostly from فصل الهمزة of باب الذال : the rest, from باب الالف اللينّة.]

تستعمل ما:، في بعض الأحوال، بدلا من للعاقل خلافا للقاعدة وذلك عند الاستفهام (فقالوا ما هو في موضع من) (عباد 3: 94 معجم الطرائف).
ماذا: تستعمل ماذا في موضعين أولهما استفهاما -استفهام -المترجم- بمعنى لماذا وثانيهما للكثرة بمعنى كم (المقري 2: 517).
ما: (انظر الجريدة الآسيوية 520، 22 لسنة 1869 و2: 180 معجم مسلم).
مالي: لماذا تطلب مني ذلك؟ (بدرون 12: 217): فقال يا خالد أين كنت قلت مالي.
ما: تقابل عند (فريتاج) الكلمتين اللاتينيتين alquid quid أي: بعض الناس، بعض الأشياء، أي واحد أي شيء وأن ما هلك من تلك .. الخ، (معجم البلاذري). وتستعمل عند الإنكار والرفض لا سيما في موضع ترد فيه جملة: دون سلطة أو دون تفويض أو دون سلطان، دون اعتبار له، دون ثقة ب (معجم الجغرافيا).
شيء ما: (معجم البلاذري).
ما المصدرية: تستعمل ما المصدرية في الموضع الذي تظهر فيه، على ما يبدو، كما لو أنها زائدة (انظر فليشر في شروحه على عباد 3: 29 وعلى المقري 2: 580، وانظر بريشت: 4: 105 وما بعدها حيث لاحظ أن هذه الزيادة ليست حشوا وتطويلا ولا تتجاوز ظاهر الكلام وضرب مثلا لذلك جملة من قبله ما طوت معناها من قبله طوت إلا أن الأولى معناها، في الظاهر، أن (الأمر قبله قد ذهب) والثانية (لقد ذهب، قبله، الأمر).
ما علمت: بمقدار علمي (عبد الواحد 8: 243): فإنه ما علمت صوام قوام مجتهد في دينه ... الخ.
ما: حين تأتي قبل الضمائر يكون معناها: قليلا أو كافيا أو مقبولا أو إلى حد معين (الخفاجي 210) وفي حديث الحلية أزهر اللون إلى البياض ما هو أي مائل إليه وليس هو بعينه (عبد الواحد 5: 4): وكانت أذهانهم إلى الغليظ ما هي (1، 169 و9: 189): كان إلى الطول ما هو (الأدريسي كلم 2 القسم السادس في حديثه عن سمكة): له رأس مربع فيه قرنان في طول الإصبع إلى الرقة ما هي (ابن البيطار 1: 18): وله أصل أدق من إصبع لونه أسود ما هو (وفي ص246 ينقل ابن البيطار عن الادريسي قوله): وله رأس مربع ما هو) وفيه (2: 269 c) طعمه حريف ما هو بيسير حلاوة (وفي 269 e) : أطرافها محددة ما هي (وفي 284 c) هذه النبتة مزغبة ما هي. هذه الأمثلة التي يسهل علينا ذكر المئات منها كثيرا ما تتردد في كتابات بعض الكتاب وعند ابن البيطار خاصة. وقد نجم عن هذا أن جملة، من هذا القبيل، أربكت السيد دي كوج واربكتني أيضا وذلك في قوله (انظر 284 e) لونه أخضر ماهر فقلنا أنها ينبغي أن تكتب ما هو بدلا من ماهر. وفي بعض الأحيان تأتي ما وضميرها الذي بمعني: كثيرا: كبيرا، جدا (انظر فليشربت 7: 100 في عبارة نقلها عن الخفاجي: حية خبيثة ما هي (ياقوت 6، 583): وإن كانت إلى الشمال أقرب ما هي.
ما: ويصاحب فلان ما فعلت هذا: كيف تجرأت ان تفعل هذا الأمر مع صديق هذا الرجل؟ (معجم الجغرافيا).
ما: من. وما: ما الفرق بين؟ وما حين يأتي بعدها واو العطف (انظر فريتاج في مادة I) ( باسم 114): والله ما هذا الخل من ذلك الزيت أي يا للفرق بين عنب اليوم وزيت البارحة! ما: فيما (أبو الفداء تاريخ ما قبل الإسلام 3: 108): قتل ما بين حران والرها.
لما: بسبب (فوك، معجم مسلم، بيدبا 202: 2 معجم الجغرافيا) وكذلك مما وعندما (معجم مسلم).
غيز ما: أكثر من واحد، عدة أشخاص أو أشياء (انظر مادة غير).
ما: فما هو إلا أن دخل خرج الحاجب (معجم الطرائف).
مائية (فريتاج 146) (دي ساسي كرست 1: 267 بدرون 2: 1 بيروني 1: 5).

(ذ م م) : (الذَّمُّ) اللَّوْمُ وَهُوَ خِلَافُ الْمَدْحِ وَالْحَمْدِ يُقَالُ ذَمَمْتُهُ وَهُوَ ذَمِيمٌ غَيْرُ حَمِيدٍ (وَمِنْهُ الذَّمَّةُ) بِالْفَتْحِ الْبِئْرُ الْقَلِيلَةُ الْمَاءِ لِأَنَّهَا مَذْمُومَةٌ بِذَلِكَ (وَفِي الْحَدِيثِ) «أَتَيْنَا عَلَى بِئْرٍ ذَمَّةٍ» عَلَى الْوَصْفِ (وَالتَّذَمُّمُ) الِاسْتِنْكَافُ وَحَقِيقَتُهُ مُجَانَبَةُ الذَّمِّ (وَالذِّمَامُ) الْحُرْمَةُ (وَالذِّمَّةُ) الْعَهْدُ لِأَنَّ نَقْضَهُ يُوجِبُ الذَّمَّ وَتُفَسَّرُ بِالْأَمَانِ وَالضَّمَان وَكُلُّ ذَلِكَ مُتَقَارِبٌ (وَمِنْهَا) قِيلَ لِلْمُعَاهِدِ مِنْ الْكُفَّارِ ذِمِّيٌّ لِأَنَّهُ أُومِنَ عَلَى مَالِهِ وَدَمِهِ بِالْجِزْيَةِ (وَقَوْلُهُ) جَعَلَ عُمَرُ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ - أَهْلَ السَّوَادِ ذِمَّةً أَيْ عَامَلَهُمْ مُعَامَلَةَ أَهْلِ الذِّمَّةِ وَيُسَمَّى مَحَلُّ الْتِزَامِ الذِّمَّةِ بِهَا فِي قَوْلِهِمْ ثَبَتَ فِي ذِمَّتِي كَذَا وَمِنْ الْفُقَهَاءِ مَنْ يَقُولُ هِيَ مَحَلُّ الضَّمَانِ وَالْوُجُوبِ وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ قَالَ هِيَ مَعْنًى يَصِيرُ بِسَبَبِهِ الْآدَمِيُّ عَلَى الْخُصُوصِ أَهْلًا لِوُجُوبِ الْحُقُوقِ لَهُ وَعَلَيْهِ وَالْأَوَّلُ هُوَ التَّحْقِيقُ (وَفِي) فَتَاوَى أَبِي اللَّيْثِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ - أَنَّ رَجُلًا أَتَاهُ وَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ قَضَيْتَ عَلَيَّ قَضِيَّةً ذَهَبَ فِيهَا أَهْلِي وَمَالِي فَخَرَجَ إلَى الرَّحْبَةِ فَاجْتَمَعَ عَلَيْهِ النَّاسُ فَقَالَ ذِمَّتِي بِمَا أَقُولُ رَهِينَةٌ وَأَنَا بِهِ زَعِيمٌ أَنَّ مَنْ صَرَّحَتْ لَهُ الْعِبَرُ عَمَّا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ مِنْ الْمَثُلَاثِ حَجَزَهُ التَّقْوَى عَنْ تَقَحُّمِ الشُّبُهَاتِ وَأَنَّ أَشْقَى النَّاسِ رَجُلٌ قَمَشَ عِلْمًا فِي أَوْبَاشِ النَّاسِ بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ وَلَا دَلِيلٍ بَكَّرَ فَاسْتَكْثَرَ مِمَّا قَلَّ مِنْهُ فَهُوَ خَيْرٌ مِمَّا كَثُرَ حَتَّى إذَا ارْتَوَى مِنْ آجِنٍ وَاكْتَنَزَ مِنْ غَيْرِ طَائِلٍ جَلَسَ لِلنَّاسِ مُفْتِيًا لِتَخْلِيصِ مَا اُلْتُبِسَ عَلَى غَيْرِهِ فَهُوَ مِنْ قَطْعِ الشُّبُهَاتِ فِي مِثْلِ نَسْجِ الْعَنْكَبُوتِ لَا يَدْرِي أَصَابَ أَمْ أَخْطَأَ خَبَّاطُ عَشَوَاتٍ رَكَّابُ جَهَالَاتٍ لَمْ يَعَضَّ عَلَى الْعِلْمِ بِضِرْسٍ قَاطِعٍ فَيَغْنَمُ وَلَمْ يَسْكُتْ عَمَّا لَمْ يَعْلَمْ فَيَسْلَمَ تَصْرُخُ مِنْهُ الدِّمَاءُ وَتَبْكِي مِنْهُ الْمَوَارِيثُ وَيُسْتَحَلُّ بِقَضَائِهِ الْحَرَامُ وَالْفَرْجُ أُولَئِكَ الَّذِينَ حَلَّتْ عَلَيْهِمْ النِّيَاحَةُ أَيَّامَ حَيَاتِهِمْ قَرَأْت هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ فِي كِتَابِ نَهْجِ الْبَلَاغَةِ أَطْوَلَ مِنْ هَذَا وَقَرَأْتُهُ فِي الْفَائِقِ بِرِوَايَةٍ أُخْرَى فِيهَا تَفَاوُتٌ وَلَا أَشْرَحُ إلَّا مَا نَحْنُ فِيهِ
يُقَالُ هُوَ (رَهْنٌ) بِكَذَا وَرَهِينُهُ أَيْ مَأْخُوذٌ بِهِ يَقُولُ أَنَا بِاَلَّذِي أَقُولُهُ مَأْخُوذٌ وَ (زَعِيمٌ) أَيْ كَفِيلٌ فَلَا أَتَكَلَّمُ إلَّا بِمَا هُوَ صِدْقٌ وَصَوَابٌ وَالْمَعْنَى أَنَّ قَوْلِي هَذَا حَقٌّ وَأَنَا فِي ضَمَانِهِ فَلَا تَعْدِلَنَّ عَنْهُ ثُمَّ أَخَذَ فِي تَقْرِيرِهِ فَقَالَ (إنَّ مَنْ صَرَّحَتْ لَهُ الْعِبَرُ) أَيْ ظَهَرَتْ أَوْ كُشِفَتْ لِأَنَّ التَّصْرِيحَ يَتَعَدَّى وَلَا يَتَعَدَّى يَعْنِي أَنَّ مَنْ اعْتَبَرَ بِمَا رَأَى وَسَمِعَ مِنْ الْعُقُوبَاتِ الَّتِي حَلَّتْ بِغَيْرِهِ فِيمَا سَلَفَ (حَجَزَهُ) (التَّقْوَى) بِالزَّايِ أَيْ مَنَعَهُ الِاتِّقَاءُ عَنْ الْوُقُوعِ فِيمَا يَشْتَبِهُ وَيَشْكُلُ أَنَّهُ حَقٌّ أَوْ بَاطِلٌ صِدْقٌ أَوْ كِذْبٌ حَلَالٌ أَوْ حَرَامٌ فَيَحْتَرِسُ وَيَحْتَرِزُ وَيُقَالُ تَقَحَّمَ فِي الْوَهْدَةِ إذَا رَمَى بِنَفْسِهِ فِيهَا عَلَى شِدَّةٍ وَمَشَقَّةٍ (وَالْقَمْشُ) الْجَمْعُ مِنْ هُنَا وَهُنَا (وَأَوْبَاشُ النَّاسِ) أَخْلَاطُهُمْ وَرُذَالُهُمْ وَلَمْ أَسْمَعْهُ فِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ وَقَوْلُهُ (بَكَّرَ) أَيْ ذَهَبَ بُكْرَةً يَعْنِي أَخَذَ فِي طَلَبِ الْعِلْمِ أَوَّلَ شَيْءٍ (فَاسْتَكْثَرَ) أَيْ أَكْثَرَ وَجَمَعَ كَثِيرًا مِمَّا قَلَّ مِنْهُ الصَّوَابُ مَا قَلَّ كَمَا فِي الْفَائِقِ وَسَمَاعِي فِي النَّهْجِ فَاسْتَكْثَرَ مِنْ جَمْعِ مَا قَلَّ مِنْهُ عَلَى الْإِضَافَةِ وَصَوَابُهُ مِنْ جَمْعٍ بِالتَّنْوِينِ أَيْ مِنْ مَجْمُوعٍ حَتَّى يَرْجِعَ الضَّمِيرُ فِي مِنْهُ إلَيْهِ أَوْ إلَى مَا عَلَى رِوَايَةِ الْفَائِقِ (وَالِارْتِوَاءُ) افْتِعَالٌ مِنْ رَوِيَ مِنْ الْمَاءِ رِيًّا (وَالْآجِنُ) الْمَاءُ الْمُتَغَيِّرُ وَهَذَا مِنْ الْمَجَازِ الْمُرَشَّحِ وَقَدْ شَبَّهَ عِلْمَهُ بِالْمَاءِ الْآجِنِ فِي أَنَّهُ لَا نَفَعَ مِنْهُ وَلَا مَحْصُولَ عِنْدَهُ (وَالِاكْتِنَازُ) الِامْتِلَاءُ (وَالطَّائِلُ) الْفَائِدَةُ وَالنَّفْعُ و (نَسْجُ الْعَنْكَبُوتِ) مَثَلٌ فِي كُلِّ شَيْءٍ وَاهٍ ضَعِيفٍ (وَالْعَشْوَةُ) الظُّلْمَةُ بِالْحَرَكَاتِ الثَّلَاثِ وَمِنْهَا قَوْلُهُمْ رَكِبَ فُلَانٌ عَشْوَةً إذَا بَاشَرَ أَمْرًا مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَبِينَ لَهُ وَجْهُهُ وَيُقَالُ أَوْطَأْتُهُ الْعَشْوَةَ إذَا أَحَمَلَتَهُ عَلَى أَمْرٍ مُلْتَبِسٍ وَرُبَّمَا كَانَ فِيهِ هَلَاكُهُ وَالْخَبْطُ فِي الْأَصْلِ الضَّرْبُ عَلَى غَيْرِ اسْتِوَاءٍ (وَمِنْهُ) فُلَانٌ يَخْبِطُ خَبْطَ عَشْوَاءَ شَبَّهَهُ فِي تَحَيُّرِهِ فِي الْفَتْوَى بِوَاطِئِ الْعَشْوَةِ وَرَاكِبِهَا وَقَوْلُهُ (لَمْ يَعَضَّ عَلَى الْعِلْمِ بِضِرْسٍ قَاطِعٍ) أَيْ لَمْ يُتْقِنْهُ وَلَمْ يُحْكِمْهُ وَهَذَا تَمْثِيلٌ (وَفِي الْحَدِيثِ) «يُذْهِبُ مَذِمَّةَ الرِّضَاعِ الْغُرَّةُ» هِيَ بِالْكَسْرِ الذِّمَامُ وَالْفَتْحُ لُغَةٌ وَذَلِكَ أَنَّهُمْ كَانُوا يَسْتَحِبُّونَ عِنْدَ فِطَامِ
الصَّبِيِّ أَنْ يُعْطُوا الْمُرْضِعَةَ شَيْئًا سِوَى الْأُجْرَةِ وَالْمَعْنَى أَنَّ الَّذِي يُسْقِطُ حَقَّ مَنْ أَرْضَعَتْكَ غُرَّةٌ عَبْدٌ أَوْ أَمَةٌ.

ذم

1 ذَمَّهُ, (T, S, M, &c.,) aor. ـُ (T, M, Msb,) inf. n. ذَمٌّ (T, S, M, Mgh, Msb, K) and مَذَمَّةٌ, (M, K,) He blamed, dispraised, discommended, found fault with, censured, or reprehended, him, in respect of evil conduct; الذَّمُّ signifying اللَّوْمُ (T, Mgh) فِى الإِسَآءَةِ; (T;) contr. of المَدْحُ, (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) or of الحَمْدُ: (Mgh:) and ↓ ذمّمهُ, (MA,) inf. n. تَذْمِيمٌ, (KL,) signifies the same: (MA, KL:) [or this has an intensive meaning: see its pass. part. n., below.] Hence the saying, اِفْعَلْ كَذَا وخَلَاكَ ذَمٌّ, (T, S, K,) i. e. خَلَا مِنْكَ ذَمٌّ, meaning [Do thou such a thing, and] thou wilt not be blamed; (ISk, S, K;) or thou wilt have an excuse; [lit.] blame will full from thee: (S in art. خلو:) one should not say خَلَاكَ ذَنْبٌ. (ISk, S in the present art.) ذُمَّ, also, signifies He was satirized, particularly in verse. (IAar, T.) And He was made to suffer loss or diminution [app. in respect of his reputation]. (IAar, T.) b2: ذَمَّ المَكَانُ (tropical:) The place was, or became, affected with drought, or barrenness, and its good things [or produce] became scanty. (TA.) [But perhaps ذَمَّ is here a mistranscription for ذُمَّ; for] you say of a land, ذَمَّ مَرْعَاهَا [He dispraised, or discommended, its pasture, when its pasture is scanty]. (S and M and K in art. بذأ.) A2: ذَمَّ, [aor. ـِ said of the nose, (S, K,) It flowed [with ذَمِيم, i. e. mucus]; (K;) like ذَنَّ. (S, K.) And [the aor. ـَ is said of ذَمِيم; (S, K;) like يَذِنُّ; (S, TA;) meaning It flows. (TA.) 2 ذَمَّّ see 1, first sentence.3 فُلَانٌ يُذَامُّ عَيْشَهُ (assumed tropical:) Such a one passes his life contended with scantiness. (TA.) 4 اذمّ He (a man) did [or said] that for which he should be blamed, dispraised, discommended, found fault with, censured, or reprehended; (S;) contr. of أَحْمَدَ. (A in art. حمد.) and إِلَيْهِ ↓ استذمّ, (M, K,) or إِلَى النَّاسِ, (S,) He did to him, or to the people, that for which he should be blamed, &c. (S, M, K.) b2: [Hence,] أَذَمَّتْ رَاحِلَتُهُ (tropical:) His riding-camel ceased going on; as though she made the people to blame her. (TA.) And أَذَمَّتْ رِكَابُهُمْ (tropical:) Their camels upon which they were riding became jaded, and lagged behind, (S, M, K, TA,) not keeping up with the main body of camels; (S, TA;) [as though they made their riders to blame them; or] as though [the idea of] their strength in journeying were derived from ذَمَّةٌ meaning “ a well having little water. ” (TA.) And اذمّ بِهَ بَعِيرُهُ (tropical:) [His camel became jaded, and lagged behind with him]. (S, TA.) And أَذَمَّتْ بِالرَّكْبِ, said of a she-ass, (tropical:) She kept back the company of riders upon camels by her weakness and her ceasing to go on. (TA from a trad.) A2: اذمّهُ He found him, or it, to be such as is blamed, dispraised, &c.; (S, M, K, TA;) contr. of أَحْمَدَهُ. (TA.) One says, أَتَيْتُ مَوْضِعَ كَذَا فَأَذْمَمْتُهُ, i. e. [I came to such a place, and] I found it to be such as is discommended. (S) b2: اذّم بِهِ, (S,) or بِهِمْ, (M, K,) He held him, or them, in little, or light, or mean, estimation, or in contempt: (S, K:) or he left [him or] them blamed, dispraised, &c., among the people. (IAar, M, K.) A3: Also, اذمّهُ, He protected him; granted him protection, or refuge. (S, K.) b2: And اذمّ لَهُ عَلَيْهِ He took, or obtained, a promise, or an assurance, of security or safety, and a compact, or covenant, for him, or in his favour, of, or against, him [i. e. another person, making the latter responsible for his (the former's) security, or safety, &c.]. (M, * K, * TA.) A4: See also the next paragraph.5 تذمّم He shunned, or avoided, (T, * Mgh,) or he preserved, or guarded, himself from, (MA,) blame, dispraise, &c.: (T, * MA, Mgh:) this is the proper meaning; and hence, (Mgh,) he felt disdain, or scorn, and shame. (S, MA, Mgh, K, KL.) One says, لَوْ لَمْ أَتْرُكِ الكَذِبَ تَأَثُّمًا لَتَرَكْتُهُ تَذَمُّمَا [If I did not refrain from lying for the purpose of abstaining from sin, I would refrain from it from a feeling of disdain, or scorn, or shame]. (S, K.) And تذمّم مِنْهُ [He abstained, or refrained, from it to avoid blame, or through disdain, or scorn, or shame; disdained, or scorned, it; or was ashamed of it]. (K in art. حشم.) And Aboo-'Amr Ibn-El-'Alà mentions his having heard an Arab of the desert use the expression لا يذمّون [app. ↓ لَا يُذِمُّونَ, for the ا in the measure أَفْعَلَ sometimes has a privative property,] meaning They do not shun, or avoid, blame; (لَا يَتَذَمَّمُونَ;) and are not affected with shame. (TA.) It is said in a trad., مِنْ خِلَالِ المَكَارِمِ التَّذَمُّمُ لِلصَّاحِبِ, meaning [Of the properties of generous, or honourable, practices, is] the being regardful of everything that is entitled to reverence, respect, honour, or defence, in the character and appertenances of the companion, or friend, and dispelling from oneself the blame that he would incur from men if he were not regardful thereof. (TA.) And one says, لِلْجَارِ عِنْدَكَ تَذَمُّمٌ and ↓ مُسْتَذَمٌّ [To the neighbour, with thee, is shown regard of everything that is entitled to reverence, respect, honour, or defence, in his character and appertenances: مُسْتَذَمٌّ being app. an inf. n. of ↓ استذمّ, and this being syn. with تذمّم]. (TA.) 6 تذامّوا They blamed, dispraised, discommended, found fault with, censured, or reprehended, one another. (M, K.) 10 استذمّ [He required blame, &c.; as though he called for it; or] he was blamed, or dispraised, &c. (KL.) See also 4, second sentence. b2: and see 5, last sentence. b3: [استذمّ بِذِمَامِهِ is used by post-classical writers, and is perhaps a classical phrase, meaning He begged, or implored, his protection. See an instance in “ Abulfedæ Annales,”

vol. iii. p. 170.] R. Q. 1 ذَمْذَمَ He made his gift small, or scanty. (IAar, T, K.) ذَمٌّ inf. n. of ذَمَّهُ. (T, S, M, &c.) [As a simple subst., Blame, dispraise, or censure.] b2: and [the pl.] ذُمُومٌ signifies Vices, faults, defects, or the like. (M, K. [See ذَامٌّ.]) A2: See also ذَمِيمٌ.

A3: And see ذَمَّةٌ.

ذِمٌّ: see ذَمِيمٌ. b2: Also Excessively lean or emaciated; and perishing: (K:) or like him who is perishing. (T, TA.) b3: See also ذِمَّةٌ.

ذَمَّةٌ [as a subst.]; (T, Mgh;) and بِئْرٌ ذَمَّةٌ, (T, S, M, Mgh, K,) in which the latter word is an epithet, (Mgh,) and ↓ ذِمَّةٌ also, with kesr, (so in one of my copies of the S,) and ↓ ذَمِيمٌ, and ذَمِيمَةٌ; (M, K;) A well containing little water; (T, S, M, Mgh, K;) because discommended: (M, Mgh:) and, (M, K,) as some say, (M,) containing much water: thus having two contr. significations: (M, K:) pl. ذِمَامٌ (T, S, M, K) and ↓ ذَمٌّ, (T, TA,) [or rather the latter is a coll. gen. n., of which ذَمَّةٌ is the n. un.] A poet says, (S,) namely, Dhu-r-Rummeh, describing camels whose eyes were sunk in their sockets by reason of fatigue, (T,) عَلَى حِمْيَرِيَّاتٍ كَأَنَّ عُيُونَهَا ذِمَامُ الرَّكَايَا أَنْكَزَتْهَا المَوَاتِحُ [Upon camels of Himyer that were as though their eyes were wells containing little water which the camels employed to draw it had exhausted]. (T, S.) ذِمَّةٌ A compact, a covenant, a contract, a league, a treaty, an engagement, a bond, or an obligation; (T, S, M, Mgh, Msb, K;) because the breaking thereof necessitates blame: (Mgh:) and a right, or due, (حَقٌّ,) for the neglect of which one is to be blamed: (Bd in ix. 8:) [an inviolable right or due:] and ↓ ذِمَامٌ and ↓ مَذِمَّةٌ and ↓ مَذَمَّةٌ signify in like manner a compact, a covenant, &c. as above, for the neglect, or nonobservance, of which a man is to be blamed: (Msb:) or these three words [in the CK the first and last only] signify a right, or due; syn. حَقٌّ: (M, K:) or so the first of them: (T, * S:) and each of them, (M, K,) or the first of them, i. e. ذِمَامٌ, (T, S, Mgh,) i. q. حُرْمَةٌ [which includes all the significations of ذِمَّةٌ likewise, those above and those which follow, but appears here to be used as meaning especially a thing that should be sacred, or inviolable; or which one is under an obligation to reverence, respect, or honour, and defend; everything that is entitled to reverence, respect, honour, or defence. in the character and appertenances of a person]; (S, M, Mgh, K;) every حُرْمَة for the neglect, or non-observance, of which one is to be blamed: (T:) ↓ ذَمَامَةٌ, also, and ↓ ذِمَامَةٌ, are syn. with حَقٌّ and حُرْمَةٌ: (TA:) and ذِمَّةٌ signifies also i. q. أَمَانٌ [as meaning security, or safety; security of life and property; protection, or safeguard; a promise, or an assurance, of security, safety, protection, or safeguard; indemnity; or quarter]; (S, Mgh, Msb, KL, TA;) and so ↓ ذِمَامٌ: (MA, KL: [explained in both by the Pers\. زِنْهَارْ; and in the latter by حُرْمَةٌ and حَقٌّ also:]) and responsibility [for the fulfilment of an obligation, for the payment of a sum of money, for the restitution of a thing, or for the safety, or safe-keeping, of a thing or person]; suretiship; (M, Mgh, Msb, K;) as also ↓ ذَمَامَةٌ and ↓ ذِمَامَةٌ; (M, K; [in the former of which, these two words are said to be syn. with ذِمَّةٌ, app. meaning, in all the senses mentioned above;]) and ↓ ذِمٌّ: (M, K: [said in the M to be syn. with ذِمَّةٌ in the first only of the senses mentioned above in this paragraph: in the CK, والذِّمُّ is erroneously put for وَ الذِّمِّ:]) the pl. of ذِمَّةٌ is ذِمَمٌ (T, Msb) and ذِمَامٌ: (T:) and the pl. of ↓ ذِمَامٌ as [a sing.] syn. with [ذِمَّةٌ and] مَذَمَّةٌ and مَذِمَّةٌ is أَذِمَّةٌ. (M, K.) Hence, i. e. from ذِمَّةٌ in the first of the senses explained above, أَهلُ الذِّمَّةِ, (S, Mgh, TA.) and الذِّمِّةُ, (T, M, * Mgh, K, TA,) with the prefixed noun اهل suppressed, (TA,) The people with whom a compact, or covenant, &c., has been made; (T, S, M, K, TA;) [and particularly] those, of the believers in a plurality of Gods, [by which are here meant the Christians, Jews, and Sabians, but no others,] who pay the [tax called] جِزْيَة; (T, TA;) [i. e. the free non-Muslim subjects of a Muslim government, who pay a poll-tax for which the Muslims are responsible for their security and freedom and toleration: see أَهْلٌ:] the appellation ↓ ذِمِّىٌّ, (Mgh, Msb,) a rel. n. from الذِّمَّةُ, (Msb;) is applied to a person of this class; (Mgh, Msb;) because he is rendered secure, or free from fear, for his property and his blood, by means of the جِزْيَة. (Mgh.) جَعَلَ عُمَرُ أَهْلَ السَّوَادِ ذِمَّةً means'Omar treated [lit. made] the people of the Sawád as those who are termed أَهْلُ الذِّمَّةِ. (Mgh.) and أَقْبِلْنَا بِذِمَّةٍ [or أَقْلِبْنَا?], in the prayer of the traveller, means Restore us to our family in safety. (TA.) It is related in a trad. of 'Alee, that he said, ذِمَّتِى بِمَا

أَقُولُ رَهِينَةٌ وَ أَنَا بِهِ زَعِيمٌ, meaning My responsibility is pledged for [the truth of] what I say, and I am answerable for it; (Mgh, TA; *) i. e. this my saying is true, and I am responsible for it. (Mgh.) And it is said in another trad., فَقَدْ بَرِئَتْ مِنْهُ الذِّمَّة [Then the responsibility of God is clear, or quit, of him]; i. e. there is given to every one, by God, a covenant whereby He binds Himself to preserve and protect him; and when he throws himself into destruction, or does that which is unlawful for him to do, or acts at variance with that which he is commanded to do, the covenant of God fails to aid him. (TA.) فِى ذِمَّتِى كَذَا means فى ضَمَانِى [virtually I am responsible for such a thing; i. e. for paying it, or restoring it, &c.; but lit. in my responsibility is such a thing; or on my responsibility rests, or lies, or be, such a thing; for فى may be here used, as it is in many other instances, in the sense of عَلَى]: (Msb:) [or,] in the saying ثَبَتَ فِى ذِمَّتِى كَذَا, [which means Such a thing became, or has become, binding, obligatory, or incumbent, on me,] the term ذِمَّة is applied to designate [the moral sense considered as] the seat [of the sense] of obligation to fulfil what is [properly] termed ذِمَّة [i. e. a compact, or covenant, or the like]. (Mgh.) الرَّضَاعِ ↓ مَا يُذْهِبُ عَنِّى مَذِمَّةَ (T, S, Mgh, *) or الرَّضَاعِ ↓ مَذَمَّةَ, (T, Mgh,) meaning [What will put away from me the obligation of] the right, or due, of the woman who has suckled for the sucking? is a question occurring in a trad., (T, S, Mgh, *) as put by a man to the Prophet: (T:) and the answer was, “A slave, male or female: ” (T, S, Mgh:) En-Nakha'ee says, (S,) they liked, on the occasion of the weaning of a child, to give the woman who had suckled it something beside the hire: (S, Mgh:) ↓ مَذَمَّةٌ in this case is a dial. var. of ↓ مَذِمَّةٌ: (Mgh:) or, as IAth says, the former is from الذَّمُّ; and the latter, from الذِّمَّهُ. (TA.) Yousay also, الرَّضَاعِ بِشَّىْءٍ تُعْطِيهِ ↓ أَذْهِبْ عَنْكَ مَذَمَّ الظِّئْرَ and الرَّضَاعِ ↓ مَذِمَّ, meaning [Put away from thee the obligation of] the right, or due, that is incumbent on thee to render her for the sucking of thy child [by something that thou shalt give to her who has suckled]. (T.) And أَذْهِبْ عَنْكَ بِشَىْءٍ ↓ مَذِمَّتَهُمْ and ↓ مَذَمَّتَهُمْ, (T, and so accord. to different copies of the S and K, in which عنك is omitted,) مَذَمَّة being a dial. var., (T,) i. e. [Put away from thee the obligation of their right, or due, by something; meaning] feed them with something, (T,) or give to them something, (S, K,) for they have a right, or due. (T, S, K.) and ↓ قَضَى مَذِمَّتَهُ and ↓ مَذَمَّتَهُ [He paid his right, or due;] meaning he did good to him, or conferred upon him a benefit or benefits, in order that he might not be blamed. (M, K.) And رَجُلٌ

↓ ذُو مَذِمَّةٍ and ↓ مَذَمَّةٍ [in the CK the latter only, A man who has a right, or due,] meaning كَلٌّ عَلَى النَّاسِ (tropical:) [a man who is a burden upon people, to be maintained, or supported, by them]. (M, K, TA.) A2: Also (i. e. ذِمَّةٌ) A repast, or banquet, to which guests are invited, [simply] for food, or for a wedding. (K.) A3: See also ذَمَّةٌ.

ذِمَامٌ: see ذِمَّةٌ, in three places. It is also a pl. of ذِمَّةٌ [as well as syn. therewith]. (T.) ذَمِيمٌ Blamed, dispraised, discommended, found fault with, censured, or reprehended; (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K;) i. q. ↓ مَذْمُومٌ; (T, M, Msb, K;) as also ↓ ذِمٌّ (T, K, TA) and ↓ ذَمٌّ, (M, K, TA,) which last is an inf. n. used as an epithet, and, like [its contr.] حَمْدٌ, is applied to a man and to a place of alighting or sojourning or abiding. (TA.) [See مُذِمٌّ] b2: See also ذَمَّةٌ. b3: Also, applied to water, Disliked, or disapproved. (S, K. *) A2: [As a subst.,] Urine and mucus, (K,) so in the copies of the K, but correctly, (TA,) mucus, and urine (S, TA) that flows from the penis of the goat: (S, K, TA:) or a fluid that flows from the nose. (IAar, T.) b2: And in like manner, Milk [that flows] from the teats of sheep or goats; (K;) or, as in some copies of the S, form the teats of the she-camel; (TA;) or from the teats of the sheep or goat: (so in one of my copies of the S: in the other of those copies omitted:) or milk that becomes sprinkled upon the udders: (Th, M:) or milk that flows upon the thighs and udders of camels and sheep or goats. (M.) b3: Also Dew, (M, K,) absolutely; (TA;) accord. to IDrd: (M:) or dew that falls in the night upon the trees, and upon which dust lights, so that it becomes like bits of clay or mud. (M, K.) b4: And A thing [meaning the sebaceous matter] that comes forth from the pores of the soft part of the nose, like the eggs of ants: (S:) or pimples, or small pustules, (بَثْرٌ, T, K,) or a thing resembling بَثْر, black, or red, (M,) like the eggs of ants, (T, M,) coming forth upon the nose, (T,) or arising upon the faces (M, K) and the noses, (M,) from heat (T, M, K) or from the scab: (M, K:) or the dirty matter that comes forth upon the nose: n. un. with ة. (TA.) b5: And Whiteness upon the nose of a kid. (Kr, M, K.) ذَمَامَةٌ: see ذِمَّةٌ, in two places. b2: Also Shame, and fear of blame: whence the saying, أَخَذَتْهُ مِنْ صَاحِبِهِ ذَمَامَةٌ [Shame, and fear of blame, with respect to his companion, seized him]: and أَصَابَتْهُ مِنْهُ ذَمَامَةٌ, i. e. Shame and disgrace affected him on account of him, or it. (TA.) One says also, ↓ أَخَذَتْنِى مِنْهُ مَذَمَّةٌ and ↓ مَذِمَّةٌ, meaning Shame and disgrace by reason of the neglect of that which should be sacred or inviolable, or of that which was entitled to reverence, respect, honour, or defence, or of the obligation or duty, or the right or due, that should be regarded as sacred or inviolable, (مِنْ تَرْكِ الحُرْمَةِ,) [seized me on account of him, or it.] (S, K.) ذُمَامَةٌ (assumed tropical:) A remain, remainder, remaining portion, remnant, or relic. (K.) [See also ذَمَّآء, below.]

ذِمَامَةٌ: see ذِمَّةٌ, in two places.

بِهِ ذَمِيمَةٌ In him is a crippleness, or a chronic disease, (K, [in the CK ذَمانَةٌ is erroneously put for زَمَانَةٌ,]) or an infirmity arising therefrom or from some evil affection, (M,) that prevents him from going forth. (M, K.) أَبْقَى ذَمَّآءَ الصُّبِّ (tropical:) [He left] the last remains [of what was poured out, or forth, at once]: so in the A. (TA. [But the last word is there written without any syll. signs.]) [See also ذُمَامَةٌ.]

ذِمِّىٌّ: see ذِمَّةٌ, in the former half of the paragraph.

ذَمَّامٌ One who blames, dispraises, discommends, &c., much, or often. (TA.) ذَامٌّ and ذَامٌ, with and without teshdeed, [the latter belonging to art. ذيم,] A vice, fault, defect, or the like. (As, T.) [See also ذَمٌّ.]

أَذَمُّ A horse fatigued, and standing still. (TA.) مَذَمٌّ and مَذِمٌّ: see ذِمَّةٌ, in the latter part of the paragraph.

مُذِّمٌّ A thing blamed, dispraised, &c.; [like ذَمِيمٌ;] or made, or caused, to be faulty, or defective, or to have a vice, fault, defect, or the like; (S. K;) as also ↓ مِذَمٌّ. (K.) b2: And A man (S) in whom is no motion. (S, K.) مِذَمٌّ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مَذَمَّةٌ, with fet-h only [to the ذ, A cause of blame, dispraise, discommendation, censure, or reprehension; a blamable, or discommendable, quality or action;] a thing for which one is, or is to be, blamed, dispraised, discommended, found fault with, censured, or reprehended: contr. of مَحْمَدَةٌ: (S:) [pl. مَذَامٌّ.] You say, البُخْلُ مَذَمَّةٌ, (S, K,) i. e. [Niggardliness is] one of the things for which one is, or is to be, blamed, &c. (S.) And إِيَّاكَ وَ المَذَامَّ [Beware thou of, or avoid thou, or remove thyself far from, causes of blame, &c.]. (TA.) b2: See also ذِمَّةٌ, in six places. b3: and see ذَمَامَةٌ.

مَذِمَّةٌ: see ذِمَّةٌ, in six places. b2: And see also ذَمَامَةٌ.

مُذَمَّمٌ A man blamed, dispraised, discommended, found fault with, censured, or reprehended, much. (S, K.) b2: And A place held in reverence, respect, or honour. (TA.) مَذْمُومٌ: see ذَمِيمٌ, first sentence.

مُسْتَذَمٌّ: see 5, last sentence.