صرد
1 صَرِدَ,
aor. ـَ
inf. n. صَرَدٌ, He, or it, was, or became, cold: or intensely cold. (
M,
L. [See صَرْدٌ.]) One says, صَرِدْتُ اليَوْمَ صَرَدًا شَدِيدًا [I was, or became, to day, very cold; or very intensely cold]. (
A.) And صَرِدَ يَوْمُنَا [Our day was, or became, very cold; or very intensely cold]. (
A.)
b2: And صَرِدَ,
aor. as above, (
S,
K,) and so the
inf. n., (
S,) He (a man) was quickly sensible of cold. (
S,
K.)
b3: And صَرِدَ said of milk, It became in a state of decomposition, by reason of cold. (
TA.)
b4: And, said of a skin, (
O,
K,)
inf. n. as above, (
O,
TA,) It emitted its butter in clots: (
O,
K:) of the doing of which it is cured with hot water. (
O,
TA.)
b5: صَرِدَ عَنِ الشَّىْءِ,
inf. n. as above, means (assumed
tropical:) He abstained, refrained, or desisted, from the thing; [as though he became cold with respect to it;] he left, relinquished, or forsook, it: (
M:) and صَرِدَ قَلْبِى عَنِ الشَّىْءِ (
tropical:) My heart refrained from the thing; left, relinquished, or forsook, it: (
S,
A,
O,
K:) like as one says, ↓ أَصْبَحَ قَلْبِى صَرِدًا: (
TA:) the [lizard called] ضَبّ is spoken of as saying, لَا يَشْتَهِى أَنْ يَرِدَا أَصْبَحَ قَلْبِى صَرِدَا [(assumed
tropical:) My heart has become cold, or indifferent, (meaning disposed to abstinence,) not desirous of coming to drink]. (
O.)
A2: صَرِدَ, (
M,
L,
K,) or صَرِدَ عَنِ الرَّمِيَّةِ, (
S,) or مِنَ الرَّمِيَّةِ, (
A,) said of an arrow, (
S,
M,
A,
K,) and of a spear, (
M,
L,)
aor. as above, (
L,) and so the
inf. n., (
M,
A,
L,) It passed through, or transpierced, or a part of it passed through, (
S,
M,) the animal at which it was shot [or thrown], by reason of its sharpness;
expl. by نَفَذَ حِدَّةً: (
S:) or it penetrated so that its extremity passed through;
expl. by نَفَذَ حَدُّهُ; (
L,
K;) or خَرَجَتْ شَبَاةُ حَدِّهِ; and so صَرَدَ,
aor. ـُ (A. [See صَارِدٌ: and see an
ex. in a verse cited
voce بُقْيَا.])
b2: And صَرِدَ, (
K,)
inf. n. صَرَدٌ and صَرْدٌ, (
M,
L,) [the latter
inf. n. suggesting that one says also صَرَدَ,] said of an arrow, (
M,
K,) and of a spear and the like, (
M,) It missed the object of aim: thus having two
contr. significations: (
M,
L,
K:) and ↓ اصرد also has the latter of these two significations. (
L.)
A3: صَرِدَ said of a horse,
aor. ـَ [
inf. n. صَرَدٌ,] (
tropical:) He became galled in the place of the saddle: (
K,
TA:) [or he had a white place, or white places, on his back, produced by galls, or by hair growing in the places of galls: (see صَرِدٌ and صُرَدٌ:)] and, said of a camel, he had white fur growing in the place of a gall produced by the saddle, after its healing. (
AO.)
A4: See also 4.
2 تَصْرِيدٌ, (
S,
M,
K,) in the giving to drink, (
S,
K,) is The giving to drink less than satisfies thirst. (
S, *
M,
K. *) One says, صرّدهُ He gave him to drink less than satisfied his thirst. (
M.) And صَرَّدْتُ الشَّارِبَ عَنِ المَآءِ I stopped short the drinker from drinking the water. (
A.) and سَقَى سَقْيًا غَيْرَ تَصْرِيدٍ [He gave to drink a quantity not less than satisfied thirst]. (
A.) And صرّد السَّقْىَ He stopped short the giving to drink before satisfying thirst. (
A.) And صرّد شُرْبَهُ He cut short, or put a stop to, his drinking. (
TA.) and صرّد شَرَابَهُ He made his beverage to be little in quantity. (
A.) And
accord. to the
T, تَصْرِيدٌ signifies The drinking less than satisfies thirst. (
TA.)
b2: Also, (
S,
K,) in giving, (
S,) (
tropical:) The making to be little, or small, in quantity or number. (
S,
K,
TA.) One says, صرّد العَطَآءَ (
tropical:) He made the gift to be little, or small, (
M,
A,
TA,) لَهُ to him. (
A,
TA.) And it is said in a
trad., [
app. relating to a particular class of persons,] لَنْ يَدْخُلَ الجَنَّةَ إِلَّا تَصْرِيدًا, meaning قَلِيلًا [i. e. (assumed
tropical:) They will not enter Paradise save in small number]. (
TA.)
A2: [Also,
app., An arrow's hitting the object of aim: see its part.
n. مُصَرِّدٌ.]
A3: And The act of scattering, or dispersing. (El-
Kálee,
TA.)
A4: And صرّد said of barley and of wheat, It put forth its awn, but not its ears, though almost doing the latter. (El-Hejeree,
M.) 4 اصرد السَّهْمَ, (
S,
M,
L,
K,) and الرُّمْحَ; (
M;) and ↓ صَرَدَهُ; (
M,
L,
K;) He made the arrow, and the spear, or a part thereof, to pass through (
S,
M) the animal at which it was shot [or thrown]: (
S:) or to penetrate so that its extremity passed through. (
M,
L,
K.) [See صَرِدَ and صَارِدٌ.]
A2: See also 1, latter part.
7 اِنْصِرَادٌ is said to mean The experiencing of cold. (
Meyd. [Mentioned by him, with the expression of a doubt as to the true meaning, and as only occurring, to his knowledge, in a
prov., which see in Freytag's “ Arab.
Prov. ” i. 357: but أَكَامٍ, there, should be إِكَامٍ.]) صَرْدٌ (
S,
M,
L,
K) and ↓ صَرَدٌ, (
M,
L,) the former a simple
subst. and the latter an
inf. n., (
Lth,) and ↓ صَرِيدٌ, (
TA,) Cold, or coldness: (
S,
M,
L,
K:) or intense cold: (
M,
L:) صَرْدٌ is a
Pers\. word, [originally سَرْد,] arabicized: (
S,
K:) or,
accord. to a number of authors, it is an Arabic word adopted by the Persians. (
MF.) One says يَوْمُ صَرْدٍ and ↓ صَرَدٍ [A day of cold: or of intense cold]. (
A.)
b2: For the former, see also صَرِدٌ, in two places.
b3: Also, the former, A high place in mountains; (
AA,
L,
K;) being the coldest part. (
AA,
L.)
A2: صَرْدٌ signifies also Pure, unmixed, unadulterated, or genuine; (
S,
M,
L,
K;) applied to beverage, (
L,) such as is termed نَبِيذ, (
S,
L,) and to wine, (
L,) and to anything. (
M,
K.) One says كَذِبٌ صَرْدٌ (assumed
tropical:) An unmixed lie. (
S,
L.) And أُحِبُّهُ حُبًّا صَرْدًا I love him with a pure, genuine, or sincere, love. (
Az,
S,
L.)
b2: [Hence,] جَيْشٌ صَرْدٌ (assumed
tropical:) An army composed only of the sons of one father or ancestor: (
L:) or an army altogether consisting of sons of one's paternal uncle [meaning of one's relations]: (
AO:) or, (
M,
A,
L,
K,) and ↓ جَيْشٌ صَرِدٌ (
M,
A,
L) and ↓ صَرَدٌ, (
K,) (assumed
tropical:) A great army; (
K;) (
tropical:) an army that appears, from the slowness of its motion, by reason of its great number, to be inanimate. (
M,
A,
L.)
A3: See also صُرَدٌ, near the end.
صَرَدٌ: see صَرْدٌ, in three places:
A2: and see صُرَدٌ, near the end.
يَوْمٌ صَرِدٌ An intensely-cold day; and لَيْلَةٌ صَرِدَةٌ an intensely-cold night: (
M,
L:) [or] ↓ يَوْمٌ صَرْدٌ a cold day: (
S:) and رِيَاحٌ صَوَارِدُ. [
pl. of ↓ رِيحٌ
↓ صَارِدَةٌ] cold winds. (
Ham p. 596.) And أَرْضٌ
↓ صَرْدٌ A cold land:
pl. صُرُودٌ: (
M:) the latter (i. e. the
pl.)
contr. of جُرُومٌ. (
S.) And رَجُلٌ صَرِدٌ A cold, or an intensely-cold, man: and قَوْمٌ
↓ صَرْدَى a cold, or an intensely-cold, company of men. (
M,
L.) See also مِصْرَادٌ.
b2: صَرِدٌ applied to milk, In a state of decomposition, (
O,
K,
TA,) by reason of cold. (
TA.)
b3: صَرِدٌ عَنْ شَىْءٍ (assumed
tropical:) Abstaining, refraining, or desisting, from a thing; [as though cold with respect to it;] leaving, relinquishing, or forsaking, it. (
M.) See 1.
A2: See also صَرْدٌ.
A3: And see صَارِدٌ
A4: صَرِدٌ applied to a horse, (
tropical:) Galled in the place of the saddle: (
K,
TA:) or, (
L,) as also ↓ مُصَرَّدٌ, (
A,
TA,) having a white place, or white places, on his back, produced by galls, (
L,
TA,) or having on his back white places, termed صِرْدَان, [
pl. of صُرَدٌ,] produced by hair growing in the places of galls. (
A.) [And
app. applied in a similar sense to a camel: see صَرِدَ.]
صُرَدٌ A certain bird, (
S,
M,
K,) above the size of the sparrow, (
M,) having a large head, (
K,) which preys upon sparrows: (
T,
K:) a certain bird, black and white, or party-coloured, (أَبْقَعُ,) with a white belly: (
A:) a certain bird of the crow-kind, also called الوَاقِى: (
Msb:) the Arabs used to regard its cry, (
L,
Msb,) and the bird itself, (
L,) as of evil omen, (
L,
Msb,) and used to kill it; and they are forbidden to kill it, in order to dispel the idea of a thing's being of evil omen: (
Msb:) there are two species thereof; one species is called by the people of El-'Irák العَقْعَقُ [a name now applied to the magpie, corvus pica]; the other species, called الصُّرَدُ الهَمْهَامُ, [so in the
L, but in my copy of the
Msb الهيام,] is the wild sort, which is found in Nejd, upon the trees called عِضَاه; it is never seen but upon the ground, [so in the
L, but in my copy of the
Msb, it is never seen upon the ground,] springing from tree to tree: (Sukeyn En-Numeyree,
L,
Msb:) when chased, and hard pressed, it is overtaken, and utters a cry like that of the hawk: it preys upon sparrows: (
Msb:) it is described by
AHát as a bird black and white, or party-coloured, (أَبْقَعُ,) with a white belly, and a back of a dark, or an ashy, dust-colour (أَخْضَر), [or, as is said in the
L, half white and half black, found in trees,] large in the head and beak, having a talon with which it preys upon sparrows and other small birds, as large as the point of a spear: (
Mgh,
Msb:) some add to this that it is called المُجَوَّفُ, because of the whiteness of its belly; and الأَخْطَبُ, because of the dark, or ashy, dust-colour of its back; and الأَخْيَلُ [a name now applied to the green woodpecker, picus viridis], because of its diversity of colour; that it is never seen but upon a branch (فِى شُعْبَةٍ, and so in the
L,) or a tree, (
Mgh,
Msb,) and can scarcely ever, or never, be taken, (
Msb,) or can never be taken: (
Mgh,
L:) it is regarded as of evil omen: (
Mgh:)
Sgh says that it is called سُمَيْطٌ, [perhaps a mistranscription for شُمَيْطٌ, because black and white,] in the
dim. form: (
Msb:) [it is said that] it was the first bird that fasted for the sake of God: (
K:) the
pl. is صِرْدَانٌ: (
S,
M,
Msb,
K:) and the female is called صُرَدَةٌ. (
Msb.)
b2: Also (
tropical:) A white place, (
S,
M,
L,
K,) produced by galls, (
S,
L,
K,) or by the saddle; (
M;) or صُرَدَةٌ signifies a white place produced by hair growing in the place of a gall; likened to the colour of the bird thus called: (
A:)
pl. صِرْدَانٌ. (
M, A.) And (assumed
tropical:) A white place on the hump of a camel: (
M:) or white fur growing in the place of a gall produced by the saddle, after its healing: (
AO:)
pl. as above. (
AO,
M.)
b3: And (assumed
tropical:) A certain vein (
As,
M) beneath the tongue, (
As,) or in the lower part of the tongue, (
M,) of the horse. (
As,
M.) and الصُّرَدَانِ (assumed
tropical:) Two veins, (
Lth,
Ks,
S,
M,
L,
K,) of a dark, or an ashy, dust-colour, (أَخْضَرَانِ,
Lth,
Ks,
M,
L,) in the lower part of the tongue, by means of which the tongue moves about, (
Lth,
Ks,
L,) or penetrating within (يَسْتَبْطِنَانِ) the tongue: (
S,
M,
K:) or two veins, on the right and left of the tongue: (
L:) or, as some say, two bones, which erect (يُقِيمَانِ) the tongue. (
M.) Yezeed Ibn-Es- Sa'ik in his saying لَهُ صُرَدَانِ مُنْطَلِقَا اللِّسَانِ means ذَرِبَانِ [i. e. ذَرِبَا اللِّسَانِ, for ذَرِبٌ لِسَانُهُمَا, as though he said لَهُ لِسَانٌ ذَرِبٌ He has a long, or an unbridled, tongue; the phrase that he uses being pleonastic]. (
S.)
b4: Also, (
M,
L,) or ↓ صَرْدٌ, (so in the
K,) and ↓ صَرَدٌ, which is the more known, (
TA,) A nail in a spear-head, (
M,
L,
K,) by means of which the shaft is fastened to it. (
L,
K. *)
b5: Accord. to
Sh, فَتَّحَ صُرَدَهُ means He opened his mind, so as to reveal his secrets. (
TA. [But this is perhaps a mistranscription, for فتح صُرَرَهُ: see صُرَّةٌ.]) صَرْدَى [
pl. of صَرِدٌ; and, agreeably with
analogy, of صَرِيدٌ]: see صَرِدٌ, and صُرَّادٌ.
صَرِيدٌ: see صَرْدٌ.
b2: Also Hoar-frost, or rime;
syn. جَلِيدٌ. (
TA.)
b3: See also صُرَّادٌ.
صَرِيدَةٌ [
app. a
subst.; for if it were an
epithet, having the meaning of a
pass. part. n. of the
fem. gender, it should by rule be without ة;] A female animal, (
M,) or a ewe, (
K,) injured, (
M,
K,) and emaciated, (
M,) by cold:
pl. صَرَائِدُ: (
M,
K:) on the authority of
IAar. (Kudot;.) صُرَّادٌ Cold and humid clouds in which is no water: (
As:) or cold and humid clouds which the wind carries away; as also ↓ صُرَّيْدٌ and ↓ صَرِيدٌ: (
M:) or thin clouds in which is no water; (
S,
K;) as also ↓ صُرَّيْدٌ (
K) and ↓ صَرْدَى. (
L,
TA.) صُرَّيْدٌ: see what next precedes, in two places.
صَارِدٌ: see its
fem., with ة,
voce صَرِدٌ.
A2: Also, (
S,
A,
L,
K,) and ↓ مِصْرَادٌ, (
S,
L,
K,) and ↓ صَرِدٌ, (
A,) An arrow that has passed, or of which a part has passed, through the animal at which it has been shot;
syn. نَافِذٌ: (
S,
L,
K:) or of which the extremity only has passed through: when part of the arrow has passed through, it is termed نَافِذٌ; and when the whole has passed through, مَارِقٌ. (
A.) And نَبْلٌ صَوَارِدُ Arrows of which the extremities have passed through the animals at which they have been shot. (
A.)
أَصْرَدُ More [and most] cold; or more [and most] affected by cold:
A2: and More [and most] transpiercing. (
Meyd, in explanations of provs. commencing with this word. [See Freytag's
“ Arab.
Prov. ” pp. 743-4.]) مُصْرَدٌ: see what next follows.
مُصْرِدٌ, (
Ktr,
L,) or ↓ مُصْرَدٌ, (so
accord. to the
K, [the former agreeable with its verb, the latter
app. a mistake,]) An arrow missing the object of aim. (
Ktr,
L,
K.) [See also مُصَرِّدٌ.]
مُصَرَّدٌ Beverage, (
S,) or drink, (
A,) made little in quantity. (
S, A.)
b2: And Given little to drink: or (assumed
tropical:) given a small gift. (
S.)
A2: See also صَرِدٌ.
مُصَرِّدٌ An arrow hitting the object of aim. (
Ktr,
L.) [See also مُصْرِدٌ.]
مِصْرَادٌ A wind (رِيحٌ) cold; or intensely cold: or accompanied by cold and humid clouds. (
IAar,
M.)
b2: Also, and ↓ صَرِدٌ, (
T,
S,
M,
K,) A man quickly sensible of cold; (
S;) weak in enduring cold; (
K;) impatient of cold. (
T,
M.)
b3: And the former, Strong in enduring cold. (
K.)
b4: And A land without trees, and without anything (
K,
TA) of herbage. (
TA.)
A2: See also صَارِدٌ.
مُصْطَرِدٌ A man vehemently angered or enraged: (
K:) and so مُصْطَرٌّ, without د. (
TA.)
