جزر

1 جَزَرَ, aor. ـِ and sometimes جَزُرَ, (K,) inf. n. جَزْرٌ, (Mgh, K,) He cut, or cut off, (Mgh, K,) a thing. (TA.) b2: جَزَرَ, (S, Mgh, Msb,) aor. ـُ (S, Msb,) [inf. n. as above,] He slaughtered a camel (S, Mgh, Msb) or other animal, (Msb,) and skinned it; (S;) as also ↓ اجتزر. (S, TA.) You say also, جَزَرَ لَهُمْ, meaning He slaughtered for them a camel. (A.) And القَوْمَ جَزُورًا ↓ اجتزر He slaughtered and skinned for the people a camel. (TA.) b3: جَزَرَ النَّخْلَ, aor. ـِ (S, K) and جَزُرَ, (K,) inf. n. جَزْرٌ (S, K) and جَزَارٌ and جِزَارٌ, (Lh, K,) He cut off the fruit of the palm-trees: (Lh, S, K:) or, as some say, he spoiled the palm-trees in fecundating them. (TA.) b4: And جَزَرَ, (TA,) inf. n. جَزْرٌ, (K,) He gathered honey from the hive. (K, TA.) A2: جَزَرَ, aor. ـِ and جَزُرَ, inf. n. جَزْرٌ, (S, Msb, K, &c.,) (tropical:) It (water) sank, and disappeared; became low; or became remote; (S, K;) decreased; went away; (TA;) flowed away, or retired, (A, Mgh, * Msb,) from the earth, or land: (A, Mgh:) it (the sea, and a river, Lth, ISd) ebbed; contr. of مَدَّ; (S, ISd, K; [but in this last sense, only جَزِرَ is authorized by the K, and app. by ISd also, as the aor. ـ) i. e., retreated, or went back; (S. Msb; *) as also ↓ انجزر; (ISd, TA;) or ceased to increase. (Lth, Mgh.) 4 اجزرهُ, (K,) or اجزر القَوْمَ, (ISk, S,) He gave to him, or to the people, a sheep or a goat, for him, or for them, to slaughter; (ISk, S, K;) meaning a ewe or a ram or a she-goat; (ISk, S;) or a sheep, or goat, fit for slaughter: (TA:) and أَجْزَرْتُهُ شَاةً I gave to him a ewe or a ram or a she-goat, and he slaughtered it: (ISk, TA:) and أَجْزَرْتُكَ بَعِيرًا, or شَاةً, I gave to thee a camel, or a sheep or goat, that thou mightest slaughter it: (A:) [but] accord. to ISk, one does not say أَجْزَرْتُهُمْ نَاقَةً, because a she-camel is fit for other purposes than that of slaughter: (S:) and accord. to some, one should not say اجزرهُ جَزُورًا, but اجزرهُ جَزَرَةً. (TA.) A2: اجزر He (a camel) attained to the fit time for his being slaughtered. (S, K.) b2: اجزر النَّخْلُ The palm-trees attained to the fit time for the cutting off of the fruit. (S, K.) b3: [And hence,] اجزر الشَيْخُ (tropical:) The old man attained to the fit time for his dying; (K, TA;) being aged, and near to his perishing; like as the palm-tree attains to the fit time for having its fruit cut off. (TA.) Youths used to say to an old man أَجْزَرْتَ يَا شَيْخُ, meaning, Thou hast attained to the fit time for thy dying, O old man: and he would say, أَىْ بَنِىَّ وَتُحْتَضَرُونَ, i. e., “[O my sons, and] ye shall die youths: ” but accord. to one way of relation, it is أَجْزَزْتَ; from أَجَزَّ البُرُّ “ the wheat attained to the proper time for being out. ” (S.) b4: اجزر القَوْمُ The people attained to the fit time for the cutting off of the fruit of the palm-trees. (Yz, TA.) 5 تَجَزَّرَ see 8.6 تَجَازَرَا (assumed tropical:) They reviled each other (K, TA) vehemently, or excessively. (TA.) 7 إِنْجَزَرَ see 1.8 اجتزر: see 1, in two places. b2: اجتزروا فِى

القِتَالِ and ↓ تجزّروا (K, TA) They fought one another [app. so that they cut one another in pieces]. (TA.) [In the K, this is immediately followed, as though for the purpose of explanation, by the words تَرَكُوهُمْ جَزَرًا لِلسِّبَاعِ أَىْ قِطَعًا: but there is evidently an omission in this place, at least of the conjunction وَ.] b3: And اجتزروا They had a camel slaughtered for them. (A.) جَزْرٌ inf. n. of 1. (S, K, &c.) A2: And also (assumed tropical:) The sea (K, TA) itself. (TA.) جَزَرٌ, (not ↓ جِزَرٌ, Fr, S, [but see what follows,]) [a coll. gen. n.,] Fat sheep or goats: (S, K, TA:) n. un. جَزَرَةٌ: (S, K:) or sheep, or goats, that are slaughtered; (M;) as also ↓ جَزُورٌ: (K:) n. un. as above: (M: in the K جَزْرَةٌ:) or جَزَرَةٌ signifies a sheep, or goat, fit for slaughter: or a sheep, or goat, to which the owners betake themselves and which they slaughter: and anything that is lawful to be slaughtered; n. un. of جَزَرٌ, which is sometimes [written ↓ جِزَرٌ,] with fet-h to the ز. (TA.) b2: جَزَرُ السِّبَاعِ The flesh which beasts or birds of prey eat. (S, Mgh.) One says, تَرَكُوهُمْ جَزَرًا (S, K) They slew them: (S:) or they left them cut in pieces لِلسِّبَاعِ [for the beasts or birds of prey]. (K.) And صَارُوا جَزَرًا لِلْعَدُوِّ [They became a prey to the enemy, cut in pieces]. (Mgh.) A2: See also جَزِيرَةٌ.

A3: Also, and ↓ جِزّرٌ, (Fr, S, Msb, K,) the latter with kesr to the ج, (Msb, K,) arabicized, (K,) from the Persian [گَزَرْ], (AHn,) [coll. gen. ns., meaning Carrots, or the carrot;] a certain root, (أَرُومَة,) which is eaten, (S, K,) well known: (TA:) n. un. with ة; (K;) or جَزَرَةٌ: (As, S, Msb:) the best kind is the red and sweet, which grows in winter: it is hot in the extreme of the second degree; moist in the first degree; (TA;) diuretic; (K, TA;) lenitive; emollient; (TA;) strengthening to the venereal faculty; emmenagogue: the putting of its pounded leaves upon festering ulcers is advantageous: (K, TA:) it is difficult of digestion; and engenders bad blood; but is made wholesome with vinegar and mustard. (TA.) b2: [See also حِنْزَابٌ, in art. حزب.]

جِزَرٌ: see جَزَرٌ, in three places.

جِزَارٌ The time of the cutting off of the fruit of palm-trees. (Yz, TA.) [See also 1.]

جَزُورٌ A camel [that is slaughtered, or to be slaughtered]; (K;) applied to the male and the female: (S, Msb:) or (as some say, Sgh, Msb) properly a she-camel that is slaughtered: (Sgh, Msb, K:) but the former is the correct assertion; (TA;) though the word is fem., (IAmb, S, Msb, TA,) on the authority of hearsay; (TA;) therefore you say, رَعَتِ الجَزُورء [the camel for slaughter pastured]: (IAmb, Msb:) or when used alone, it is fem., because what are slaughtered are mostly she-camels: (TA:) and when used as a common term, it implies the like of predominance [of the fem. gender]: (Háshiyeh of Esh-Shiháb, TA:) [the shares into which the جزور is divided in the game called المَيْسِر are described voce بَدْءٌ:] pl. جُزُرٌ (S, Msb, K) and جَزَائِرُ and جُزُرَاتٌ, (Msb, K,) the last of which is pl. of جُزُرٌ, like as طُرُقَاتٌ is of طُرُقٌ. (TA.) b2: See also جَزَرٌ.

جُزَارَةٌ, of a camel, The extremities; (S, A;) namely, (S,) the fore and kind legs, (اليَدَانِ وَالرِّجْلَانِ, S, K,) and the head, (S,) or neck: (A, K:) because the slaughterer receives them; (S;) they being his hire, (S, K,) or right, (A,) not being included among the shares in the game called المَيْسِر. (TA.) But when a horse is said to be عَبْلُ الجُزَارَةِ, (S,) or ضَخْمُ الجُزَارَةِ, (M,) what is meant is thickness of the fore and hind legs, and abundance of sinews; and the head is not included, because largeness of the head, in a horse, is a fault. (S, M.) جِزَارَةٌ The trade of him who slaughters camels (Mgh, Msb, K, * TA) and other animals. (Msb.) جَزِيرَةٌ (tropical:) An island; land in the sea [or in a river], from which the water has flowed away, so that it appears; (Az, Mgh;) and in like manner, land which a torrent does not overflow, but which it surrounds; (Az, TA;) land from which the tide retires; as also ↓ جَزَرٌ: (K:) so called because cut off from the main land: (S:) or because of the retiring of the water from it: (Msb:) pl. جَزَائِرُ: (S, Mgh:) [also, a peninsula:] and a piece of ground or land. (Kr, TA.) جَزَّارٌ (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K) and ↓ جِزِّيرٌ (K) and ↓ جَازِرٌ (A) One who slaughters camels (A, Mgh, Msb, K) and other animals. (Msb.) جِزِّيرٌ: see what next precedes.

جَازِرٌ: see what next precedes.

مَجْزَرٌ, (Msb, K,) or مَجْزِرٌ, with kesr to the ز, (S, Ibn-Málik,) contr to rule, as the aor. of the verb is with damm, (Ibn-Málik, TA,) and sometimes ↓ مَجْزَرَةٌ [or مَجْزِرَةٌ], (Msb,) A place where camels are slaughtered, (S, Msb, K,) and other animals, (Msb,) namely, bulls and cows and sheep and goats, and where their flesh is sold: pl. مَجَازِرُ. (TA.) In a trad. of 'Omar, persons are enjoined to avoid مَجَازِر, (S, TA,) meaning as above; because of their uncleanness; (TA;) or because the witnessing of the slaughter of animals hardens the heart and dispels mercy: (IAth, TA:) or the meaning is, places of assembly; because a camel is slaughtered only where people are collected together: (S, TA:) the ↓ مَجْزَرَة is one of the places in which it is forbidden to perform the usual prayers. (Mgh.) مَجْزَرَةٌ or مَجْزِرَةٌ: see مَجْزَرٌ, in two places.

جذع

4 اجذع, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) inf. n. إِجْذَاعٌ, (Mgh, Msb,) He (a beast) became such as is denoted by the term جَذَعٌ; (TA;) said of the offspring of the sheep or goat, he became in his second year; of that of the cow, and of a solidhoofed beast, he became in his third year; and of that of the camel, he became in his fifth year: (S, Msb, K:) but sometimes, when said of the offspring of the ewe, it means he became six months old, or nine months old; and such is allowable as a victim for sacrifice: (S:) IAar says, it denotes a time, not a tooth (Mgh, Msb) growing or falling out: (Msb:) and said of a she-goat, اجذعت means she became a year old, and sometimes, less than a year, by reason of plenty of food; and of a sheep, اجذع means, when from young parents, he became from six months old to seven; and when from very old parents, from eight months old to ten. (Mgh, Msb.) [See جَذَعٌ, below.]6 تجاذع (tropical:) He (a man) pretended to be a جَذَع [or youth]. (TA.) جِذْعٌ The trunk of a palm-tree: (S, * Msb, K:) or, accord to some, only after it has become dry: or, accord. to some, only after it has been cut: (TA:) or the trunk of a tree when the head has gone: (Ham p. 656:) in the Kur, xix. 23, it is applied to the trunk of a palm-tree which had become dry and was without a head; (Bd;) therefore this does not indicate any restriction nor the contrary: (TA:) pl. [of pauc.] أجْذَاعٌ (Msb) and [of mult.] جُذُوعٌ. (S, Msb.) b2: The beam of a roof. (Msb, TA.) جَذَعٌ A beast (Lth, Mgh) before the ثَنِىّ [q. v.], (Lth, S, Mgh, Msb, K,) by one year; when it may for the first time be ridden and used: (Lth:) fem. with ة: (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) pl. masc. [of pauc.] أجْذَاعٌ (Yoo, O) and [of mult.] جُذْعَانٌ (Yoo, S, Mgh, Msb, K) and جِذْعَانٌ (L, Msb) and جِذَاعٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and جُذَاعٌ; (Yoo, O;) and pl. fem. جَذَعَاتٌ: (S, Msb:) it is a name applied to the beast in a particular time, not denoting a tooth growing or falling out: (S, K:) but it differs in its application to different kinds of beasts: (Az:) applied to a sheep or goat, it means a year old; (IAar;) in his second year: (Mgh:) or, applied to a sheep, a year old; and sometimes less than a year, by reason of plenty of food; (IAar;) or eight months old, (Az, Mgh, TA,) or nine; (TA;) or, when from young parents, from six months old to seven; and when from very old parents from eight months old to ten; (IAar, Mgh;) and the sheep thus called is a satisfactory victim for sacrifice: (Mgh, TA:) and applied to a goat, a year old; (Az, Mgh;) or in its second year; (Az;) but the goat thus called is not a satisfactory victim for sacrifice: (Mgh:) applied to a bull, it means in like manner in his second year; (Mgh;) or in his third year; and the bull thus called is not a satisfactory victim for sacrifice: (TA:) applied to a horse, it means in his third year; (IAar;) or in his fourth year: (Mgh:) [but see قَارِحٌ:] and applied to a camel, in his fifth year; (Az, Mgh;) fem. with ة; and this (a جذعة) is what must be given for the poor-rate when the camels are more than sixty. (Az, TA.) [See also شَصَرٌ.] b2: A youth, or young man. (K.) b3: (assumed tropical:) One who is light-witted, or weak and stupid, like a youth: opposed in this sense to بَازِلٌ as meaning “ old: ” (IAar, TA:) or one whose teeth have fallen out, here and there, [as though likened to a beast thus termed that has shed some of his first teeth,] because he has drawn near to his appointed term of life. (TA: [but it is not quite clear whether this explanation relate to جذع or to بازل.]) b4: (tropical:) [A novice, or recent beginner.] You say, فُلَانٌ فِى هٰذَا الأَمْرِ جَذَعٌ (tropical:) [Such a one, in this affair, is a novice, or recent beginner,] when he has begun it recently. (S, Z.) b5: الدَّهْرُ جَذَعٌ أَبَدًا (tropical:) Time, or fortune, is ever new, like a youth. (K, * TA.) b6: Hence, (TA,) الأَزْلَمُ الجَذَعُ (tropical:) Time, or fortune; (S, K;) as in the saying, أَهْلَكَهُمُ الأَزْلَمُ الجَذَعُ (tropical:) Time, or fortune, destroyed them; and لَا آتِيكَ الأَزْلَمَ الجَذَعَ (tropical:) I will not come to thee ever. (TA.) [See also art. زلم.] And accord. to some, (S,) The lion: (S, K:) but this is a mistake. (IB, L.) b7: And hence, (TA,) أُمُّ الجَذَعِ (tropical:) Calamity, or misfortune. (K, TA.) b8: أَعَدْتُ الأَمْرَ جَذَعًا (tropical:) I renewed the thing, or affair, as it was at the first: as, for instance, a war which had been extinguished. (TA.) And فَرَّ الأَمْرَ جَذَعًا [signifies, in like manner, (tropical:) He recommenced the thing: or] he commenced the thing. (TA.) And فُرَّ الأَمْرُ جَذَعًا (tropical:) The thing was commenced: (TA:) or the thing returned to its first state; it recommenced. (K in art. فر.) b9: جُذْعَانُ الجِبَالِ (assumed tropical:) Small mountains. (K.) جُذُوعَةٌ [The state of being what is denoted by the term جَذَعٌ;] a subst. from إِجْذَاعٌ [inf. n. of اجذع]. (TA.) جَذْعَمَةٌ Young; (S, K, * TA;) not arrived at puberty: (TA:) originally جَذْعَةٌ; (S, K;) the م being augmentative: (S:) the ة is either to give intensiveness to the meaning, or to denote the fem. gender; the word being considered as implying the meaning of نَفْسٌ or جُثَّةٌ. (TA.) خَرُوفٌ مُتَجَاذِعٌ [A lamb approaching the age in which the term جَذَعٌ is applied to him: expl. in some copies of the K by دَانٍ: in others, by وَانٍ:] in the copies of the O, expl. by وَانٍ مِنَ الإِجْذَاعِ: in the TS and in the A, by دَانٍ, which is probably the right reading. (TA.) Quasi جذعم جَذْعَمَةٌ: see art. جذع.

جرع

1 جَرِعَ المَآءَ, aor. ـَ (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. جَرْعٌ, (S, K, *) or حَرَعٌ; (Msb;) and جَرَعَهُ, aor. ـَ inf. n. جَرْعٌ; (S, Msb, K;) but the latter is disallowed by As; (S;) He swallowed the water; (Msb, K;) as also ↓ اجترعهُ: (Msb:) or the latter signifies he swallowed it at once. (Sgh, K.) b2: See also 5.2 جَرَّعَ [جرّعهُ المَآءَ He made him to swallow the water.] تَجْرِيعٌ is The pouring beverage into the throat against one's will: but sometimes it is used of that which is not against one's will. (Har p. 115.) And جرّعهُ signifies He gave him to drink gulp after gulp, or sup after sup, or sip after sip. (Har p. 350.) b2: [And hence,] جرّعهُ الغُصَصَ, (K,) or جرّعهُ غُصَصَ الغَيْظِ, (S,) inf. n. تَجْرِيعٌ, (K,) (tropical:) He made him to repress, or restrain, choking wrath, or rage. (S, TA.) 4 اجرعهُ He made it (a rope or a bow-string) to have one or more of its strands thick [or rather thicker than the others]. (TA.) 5 تجرّع He swallowed in consecutive portions, one time after another, like him who acts against his own will: or, as IAth says, he drank in haste: or, accord. to some, he drank by little and little. (TA.) b2: [And hence,] تجرّع (S, Msb, K *) (tropical:) He repressed, or restrained, choking wrath, or rage; (S;) as though he swallowed it: (Msb:) and [in like manner] you say also, ↓ جَرِعَ الغَيْظَ (tropical:) he repressed, or restrained, wrath, or rage. (TA.) 8 إِجْتَرَعَ see 1.

جَرَعٌ A twisting in one of the strands of a rope, (S, K,) or of a bow-string, (K,) so that it appears above the other strands. (S, K.) [It is app. an inf. n., of which the verb, if it have one, is جَرِعَ.]

A2: See also جَرَعَةٌ.

جَرِعٌ A rope, (K,) or a bow-string, (TA,) having the twisting termed جَرَعٌ in one of its strands; as also ↓ مُجَرَّعٌ: (K:) or, accord. to IAar, a bow-string that is even, except that there is a prominence in one part of it, wherefore it is rubbed and pulled with a piece of a كِسَآء [q. v.] until that prominence disappears: and ↓ the latter, accord. to ISh, a bow-string not uniformly nor well twisted, having in it prominences, so that one of its strands appears above the others, or some appear above others. (TA.) جَرْعَةٌ: see what next follows, in three places: A2: and see جَرَعَةٌ, in two places.

جُرْعَةٌ A gulp, or as much as is swallowed at once, of water; a جُرْعَة of water being like a لُقْمَة of food: (Msb:) or a sup, or sip; or as much as is supped, or sipped, at once; or a mouthful of what is supped, or sipped; (syn. حُسْوَةٌ;) of water; (S, K;) as also ↓ جَرْعَةٌ and ↓ جِرْعَةٌ: or جُرْعَةٌ and ↓ جَرْعَةٌ are substs. [signifying the act of swallowing water] from جَرِعَ المَآءَ “ he swallowed the water: ” (K:) or ↓ جَرْعَةٌ signifies a single act of swallowing water: (IAth, L:) and جُرْعَةٌ, what one swallows: (L, K:) or a mouthful which one swallows: (TA:) or a small draught: (IAth:) and its pl. is جُرَعٌ. (Msb, TA.) The dim. is ↓ جُرَيْعَةٌ. (S, K.) And hence the prov., أَفْلَتَ فُلَانٌ جُرَيْعَةَ الذَّقَنِ, (Sgh, K,) the verb being intrans., and جريعة being in the accus. case as a denotative of state, as though the speaker said, أَفْلَتَ قَاذِفًا جُرَيْعَةَ الذَّقَنِ; (Sgh;) or بِجُرَيْعَةِ الذَّقَنِ; (S, K;) or ↓ بِجُرَيْعَآئِهَا; (K;) Such a one escaped [from destruction] when his spirit, or the remains thereof, had become in his mouth; (L, K;) or near thereto, (K,) as a sup [or little sup] of water to the chin [of a person drinking]; (TA;) or when death was as near to him as a little sup of water to the chin; (L;) or when at his last gasp: (Fr, S:) applied to one who has been at the point of destruction, and then escaped: (S:) or, accord. to Az, it is thus; أَفْلَتَنِى جُرَيْعَةَ الذَّقَنِ, which may mean he made me to escape &c., or he escaped from me &c.; in the latter case, افلتنى being for أَفْلَتَ مِنِّى; and [it is said that] جريعة is prefixed to الذقن because the motion of the chin indicates the nearness of the departure of the soul: or the meaning of the words related by Az may be, he made me, i. e. the remains of my soul, to escape; the last two words being a substitute for the pronoun affixed to the verb. (Sgh.) One says also, أَفْلَتَنَىِ جُرَيْعَةَ الرِّيقِ, meaning He outwent me, [or escaped me,] and I swallowed my spittle in wrath, or rage, against him. (TA.) And مَا مِنْ جُرْعَةٍ أَحْمَدُ عُقْبَانًا مِنْ جُرْعَةِ غَيْظٍ نَكْظِمُهَا (tropical:) [There is nothing that is swallowed more praiseworthy in its result than what is swallowed of wrath, or rage, which we repress, or restrain]. (TA.) جِرْعَةٌ: see جُرْعَةٌ.

جَرَعَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ جَرْعَةٌ (K) and ↓ جَرْعَآءُ (S, K) and ↓ أَجْرَعُ (K) An even piece, (S,) or a round piece, or hill, or hillock, (K,) of sand, that produces no plants, or herbage; (S, K;) and, as some add, that retains no water: (TA:) or a piece, or tract, of sand, good for producing plants, or herbage, in which is no softness, or looseness: (Sgh, L, K:) or land in which is ruggedness, resembling sand: (L, K:) or a hill of which one side consists of sand, and one side of stones: (K:) or what is termed ↓ جرعاء and ↓ اجرع is larger than what is termed جَرَعَةٌ: ↓ جرعاء is also explained as signifying sand of which the middle is elevated, and of which the sides are thin: and, accord. to IAth, ↓ اجرع signifies a wide place, in which is ruggedness: (TA:) or this last, a plain, or soft, place, intermixed with sand: (Ham p. 574:) جَرَعَةٌ is sing., or n. un., of ↓ جَرَعٌ: (S, K: *) or, accord. to some, this last word is a sing., like اجرع; and its pl. [of pauc.] is أَجْرَاعٌ and [of mult.] جِرَاعٌ: the pl. of جَرَعَةٌ is جِرْعَانٌ: and the pl. of ↓ جَرْعَةٌ is جِرَاعٌ: and the pl. of ↓ جِرِعاء is جَرْعَاوَاتٌ: and the pl. of ↓ اجرع is أَجَارِعُ. (TA.) جَرْعَآءُ: see جَرَعَةٌ, in four places.

جُرَيْعَةٌ dim. of جُرْعَةٌ, q. v.

جُرَيْعَآءُ: see جُرْعَةٌ.

أَجْرَعُ: see جَرَعَةٌ, in four places.

مُجْرِعٌ A she-camel in which is not as much [milk] as will satisfy thirst, but only some sups: (K:) pl. مَجَارِيعُ (L, K) and مَجَارِعُ: (L:) J explains the former pl. as signifying she-camels having little milk; as though there were not in their udders more than some sups; and the sing. he does not mention. (TA.) مُجَرَّعٌ: see جَرِعٌ, in two places.

جزع

1 جَزْعٌ [inf. n. of جَزَعَ] signifies The act of cutting; or cutting off. (TA.) [See also 8.] b2: [Hence,] جزَعَ لَهُ جِزْعَةً مِنَ المَالِ He cut off for him a portion of the property. (S.) b3: And جَزَعَ الوَادِى, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) inf. n. جَزْعٌ, (S, Msb, K,) He passed the valley to the other side: (Msb:) or he passed the valley [in any manner]: (K:) or he passed across it; i. e., crossed it: (S, K:) and in like manner, الأَرْضَ the land: (K:) and المَفَازَةَ the desert: and المَوْضِعَ the place. (TA.) A2: جَزِعَ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) inf. n. جَزَعٌ (S, Msb, K) and جُزوعٌ, (K,) He was, or became, impatient, (S, K,) مِنَ الشَّىْءِ [of the thing]; (S;) and عَلَى فُلَانٍ [on account of such a one]; (S and K in art. اله, &c.;) جَزَعٌ being the contr. of صَبْرٌ: (S, K:) or he had not sufficient strength to bear what befell him, (O, Msb,) and found not patience: (Msb:) or he manifested grief and agitation: (TK:) or he was, or became, affected with grief: or he was, or became, affected with most violent grief, such as prevented him and turned him from that to which he was directing himself, or from his object, and cut him off therefrom: this meaning of cutting off being said by 'Abd-el-Kádir El-Baghdádee to be the primary signification. (TA.) 2 جزّع, inf. n. تَجْزِيعٌ, It (a full-grown unripe date) became ripe to the extent of two thirds of it: (S:) or to the extent of half of it; (K, TA;) from the bottom: (TA:) or became partly ripe: and in like manner one says of a grape. (TA.) b2: It (a watering-trough, or tank,) had but little remaining in it. (K, * TA.) b3: He put a little water into a skin. (TA.) A2: جزّع فُلَانًا, (K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) He caused the impatience (جَزَع) of such a one to cease: (K:) he said to him that which comforted him, or consoled him, and which caused his grief and fear to cease. (IAth.) 4 اجزع جِزْعَةً, and جُزْعَةً, He left, or caused to remain, a remainder: (O, K:) or less than half. (TA.) A2: اجزعهُ He caused him to be impatient: (S, K:) or he caused him to want sufficient strength to bear what befell him, and to be impatient. (Msb.) 5 تَجَزَّعَ see 7, in two places.

A2: تجزّعوا الغَنِيمَةَ They divided among themselves the spoil. (TA.) 7 انجزع It (a rope) broke, (K, TA,) in any manner: (TA:) or broke in halves; (K, TA;) but if it have broken at its extremity, one does not say انجزع. (TA.) And انجزعت العَصَا, and ↓ تجزّعت, The staff, or stick, broke (K, TA) in halves. (TA.) ↓ تجزّع is also said of a spear, and of an arrow, &c., meaning It broke in pieces. (TA.) 8 اجتزعهُ He broke it, and cut it off: (K:) or he broke it off, and cut it off, for himself; namely, a branch, rod, or piece of wood, from a tree. (S.) جَزْعٌ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ جِزْعٌ, (Kr, K,) but IDrd ascribes the latter to the vulgar, (TA,) [The onyx; so called in the present day;] certain beads, or gems, (خَرَزٌ,) (Msb,) the beads, or gems, (خَرَز, [here rendered by Golius “ Murœna seu concha Veneris,” though he also gives what I regard as the only correct signification, namely “ onyx,”]) of El-Yemen (S, K) [and] of China, (K) in which are whiteness and blackness, (S, Msb, K,) and to which eyes are likened, (S, K,) and in particular, by Imra-el-Keys, the eyes of wild animals, because their eyes, while they are alive, are black, but when they die, their whiteness appears; (TA;) a kind of stone having many colours, brought from El-Yemen and China; (Kzw;) so called because interrupted by various colours; its blackness being interrupted by its whiteness and its yellowness: (IB:) 'Áïsheh's necklace [which she lost on the occasion that subjected her to the accusation of adultery] was of جَزْع of Dhafári: (TA:) the wearing it in a signet induces anxiety, or disquietude of mind, and grief, and terrifying dreams, and altercation with men; and if the hair of one who experiences difficulty in bringing forth be wound upon it, she brings forth at once: (K: [and Kzw says the like, and more of a similar kind:]) n. un.

جَزْعَةٌ (Msb, K, * TA) and جِزْعَةٌ. (K, * TA.) A2: See also what next follows.

جِزْعٌ, (S, O, L, Msb, K,) but AO says that it should be with fet-h, [↓ جَزْعٌ,] (K) The place of bending, or turning, (مُنْعَطَف, S, Msb, K, or مُنْحَنًى, As, K,) of a valley: (As, S, Msb, K:) or the middle thereof: or the place where it ends: (IDrd, K:) or its side: (Msb:) or the place of passing, or crossing, of a valley: or a widening part, of the narrow places, thereof, whether it produce plants &c. or do not produce them: (TA:) or it is not so called unless [it be a part] having width, and producing trees &c.: (Msb, K:) or it may be without plants, or herbage, or the like: (TA:) or a place, in a valley, in which are no trees: (IAar, K:) or a place, of a valley, taking a round and wide form: (TA:) pl. أَجْزَاعٌ. (Msb, K.) b2: A place of alighting, or abiding, of a people. (K.) b3: Elevated land, or ground, by the side of which is a low, or depressed, part. (K.) A2: A bee-hive: pl. as above. (Ibn- 'Abbád, K.) A3: See also جَزْعٌ.

جَزُعٌ: see what next follows.

جَزِعٌ (Msb, K) and ↓ جَازِعٌ and ↓ جَزُعٌ (K) and ↓ جَزُوعٌ (Msb, K) and ↓ جُزَاعٌ (K) part. ns. of جَزِعَ; [Impatient; &c.;] (Msb, K;) but the last two have an intensive signification [very impatient, or having much impatience; &c.]. (IAar.) جُزْعَةٌ: see what next follows, in two places.

جِزْعَةٌ A little, or small quantity, of property, or wealth; and of water, (S, K,) remaining in a skin, (Lh, IDrd,) and in a leathern bottle, or other vessel, (IDrd,) and in a pool left by a torrent, but not in a well, (TA,) as also ↓ جُزْعَةٌ (IDrd, K) and [the dim.] ↓ جُزَيْعَةٌ, (IDrd,) and of milk, in a skin; (Lh;) or a third part, or nearly that quantity, of water, in a trough, or tank; (ISh;) or a quantity of water, and of milk, less than the half of the skin or other vessel, and of the trough; (TA;) and, as also ↓ جُزْعَةٌ, somewhat remaining; (O, K;) or the latter, particularly, of milk; (IAar;) or both, accord. to some, [a remainder consisting of] less than half; (TA;) and the former, a portion [not defined] of property, or wealth; (S;) and particularly a portion of a flock of sheep or goats; (Aboo-Leylà, K;) as also ↓ جُزَيْعَةٌ; (S;) thus in the handwriting of Aboo-Sahl El-Harawee; but in the Mj of IF, ↓ جَزِيعَةٌ, of the measure فَعِيلَةٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولَةٌ: (TA:) the pl. of جِزْعَةٌ is جِزَعٌ. (ISh.) b2: And [hence,] (tropical:) A part, or portion, of the night, (S, O, K,) past or to come, (TA,) less than half, (O, K,) of the former part thereof or of the latter part. (K.) A2: A place in which is a collection of trees (K, TA) among which the camels or other beasts are made to rest at night from the cold, and are confined when they are hungry, or returning from water, or under rain. (TA.) A3: Also n. un. of جِزْعٌ as syn. with جَزْعٌ. (TA.) جُزَاعٌ: see جَزِعٌ.

جَزُوعٌ: see جَزِعٌ.

جَزِيعَةٌ and جُزَيْعَةٌ: see جِزْعَةٌ, in three places.

جَازِعٌ: see جَزِعٌ.

A2: Also The piece of wood which is placed in the trellis of a grape-vine, crosswise, upon which are laid the branches of the vine; (S, K) not known to Aboo-Sa'eed; (S;) it is thus placed for the purpose of raising the branches from the ground; and this piece of wood is also called خَشَبَةٌ جَازِعَةٌ; the latter word being thus used as an epithet. (TA.) Also Any piece of wood that is put crosswise between two things for a thing to be borne upon it (K, TA) is called its جازع. (TA.) مُجَزَّعٌ Interrupted by various colours [like the جَزْع or onyx]: (IB:) or anything in which are blackness and whiteness; as also ↓ مُجَزِّعٌ: (K:) and flesh-meat in which are whiteness and redness. (TA.) [Hence,] نُوًى مُجَزَّعٌ and ↓ مُجَزِّعٌ Datestones of which some, or some parts, have been scraped, or abraded, so as to have become white, the rest being left of their [original] colour: (K:) likened to the جَزْع. (TA.) And ↓ بُسْرٌ مَجَزِّعٌ (S, K) and مُجَزَّعٌ; (K;) the former, says Sh, accord. to El-Ma'arree, but he adds that he himself held the latter to be the right; Az says that he heard the former from the people of Hejer, and it has the authority of A' Obeyd; (TA;) Full-grown dates that have ripened to the half; (K, TA;) from the bottom: (TA:) or to the extent of two thirds: (S:) or that have become partly ripe: (TA:) fem. with ة: (S, K:) and in like manner you say ↓ تَمْرٌ مُتَجَزِّعٌ dates that have ripened to the half. (TA.) مُجَزِّعٌ: see مُجَزَّعٌ, in three places. b2: حَوْضٌ مُجَزِّعٌ A watering-trough, or tank, having but little water remaining in it. (K.) مُتَجَزِّعٌ: see مُجَزِّعٌ.

جهم

1 جَهُمَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. جُهُومَةٌ (S, K) and جَهَامَةٌ, (K,) He (a man) became frowning, or contracted, in face; or grinning in face, with a frowning, or contraction, or a stern, an austere, or a morose, look: (S:) or he was, or became, coarse, or rough, and contracted, and ugly, in face. (K.) b2: Also, said of the pubes, It was coarse, rough, or big. (TA.) A2: جَهَمَهُ, (S, K,) and جَهِمَهُ, aor. ـَ in both instances; (K;) and ↓ تجهّمهُ, (S, K,) and لَهُ ↓ تجهّم; (JK, K;) He grinned, frowning, or looking sternly, austerely, or morosely, in his face: (S:) or he met him, or regarded him, with a displeasing, (JK, K, TA,) frowning, or grinning and frowning, (TA,) face: (JK, K, TA:) or ↓ تجهّم signifies he showed a sour, a crabbed, or an austere, face. (TK in art. عبس.) A poet says, ↓ الجَهُومَا ↓ وَبَلْدَةٍ تَجَهَّمُ زَجَرْتُ فِيهَا عَيْهَلًا رَسُومَا (S, * TA,) i. e. [Many a region] that exhibits to the impotent that which he dislikes, [or that frowns upon the weak, or impotent, I have chidden therein a strong she-camel that leaves the marks of her footsteps upon the ground.] (S.) You say also, الكِرَامَ ↓ الدَّهْرُ يَتَجَهَّمُ (tropical:) [Fortune frowns upon the generous]. (TA.) And أَمَلِى ↓ تَجَهَّمَنِى (tropical:) [My object of hope frowned upon me] is said when one has not attained his object of hope. (TA.) 4 أَجْهَمَتِ السَّمَآءُ The sky had clouds such as are termed جَهَام. (K.) 5 تَجَهَّمَ see 1, in six places.8 اجتهم He entered upon, (K,) or journeyed in, (A, TA,) the portion of the night termed جُهْمَة. (A, K, TA.) جَهْمٌ A coarse, or rough, and contracted, and ugly, face; as also ↓ جَهِمٌ; (K;) or, as in some of the lexicons, ↓ جَهِيمٌ. (TA.) And جَهْمُ الوَجْهِ Frowning, or contracted, in face; or grinning in face, with a frowning, or contraction, or a stern, an austere, or a morose, look: (S, Mgh:) or coarse, or rough, in face: (JK, TA:) applied to a man: (JK, S, Mgh, TA:) and to a lion. (JK, TA.) And [hence,] الجَهْمُ The lion. (K.) A2: See also جَهُومٌ.

جَهِمٌ: see جَهْمٌ.

جَهْمَةٌ: see جُهْمَةٌ, in two places.

A2: Also A big cooking-pot. (K.) جُهْمَةٌ and ↓ جَهْمَةٌ, (JK, S, K,) both mentioned by Fr, (S,) A portion of the night: (JK:) the first of the last portions of the night, (JK, S, K, TA,) extending [app. from midnight] to near the period a little before daybreak: (TA:) or the remaining portion of the darkness of the last part of the night: (K:) or the former signifies, [or each,] the beginning of the night, extending to a fourth part: or, as some say, the middle of the night: (KL:) pl. of the former جُهَمٌ. (JK.) You say, مَضَى مِنَ اللَّيْلِ جُهْمَةٌ and ↓ جَهْمَةٌ [app. meaning A portion, or a portion at the commencement of the latter part, of the night passed]. (A'Obeyd, TA.) A2: Also the former, Eighty camels: or the like. (K.) جَهَامٌ Clouds in which is no water: (JK, S, K:) or that have poured forth their water (K, TA) with the wind. (TA.) جُهُومٌ, applied to a man, (JK, S,) Impotent; (JK, S, K;) weak; as also ↓ جَهْمٌ. (K.) See an ex. in the first paragraph.

جَهِيمٌ: see جَهْمٌ.

كتب

1 كَتَبَهُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. كَتْبٌ and كِتَابٌ and كِتَابَةٌ (S, K) and كِتْبَةٌ; (Msb;) the first of these inf. ns. agreeable with analogy; the second, anomalous; (TA;) or the latter of these two is a subst., like لِبَاسٌ; (Lh;) or originally an inf. n., and afterwards used in the senses given below; (MF;) as also كِتَابَةٌ, and كِتْبَةٌ: (TA:) and ↓ كتّبهُ (K) and ↓ اكتتبهُ; (S, K;) He wrote it: (S, K:) or كَتَبَهُ has this signification; and ↓ اكتتبهُ, as also ↓ استكتبهُ, signifies he asked [one] to dictate it (إِسْتَمْلَاهُ): (K:) ↓ إِكْتَتَبَهَا in the Kur, xxv. 6, signifies he hath written them (S) for himself: (Bd:) or he hath asked [one] to write them for him, or to dictate them to him. (TA, Bd.) b2: كَتَبَ عَنْهُ [He wrote what he had heard, or learned from him.] A phrase of common occurrence in biographies. b3: كَتَبَ [He was a writer, or scribe, and a learned man. (Implied in the S, where we are referred to the Kur, lii. 41, and lxviii., 47, in illustration of كَاتِبٌ as signifying “ a learned man. ”)]

A2: كَتَبَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. كِتَابٌ, q. v., (assumed tropical:) He (God) prescribed, appointed, or ordained, (TA,) and made obligatory. (Msb.) كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ القِصَاصُ The law of retaliation is prescribed, appointed, or ordained, as a law of which the observance is incumbent on you. (Kur, ii. 173.] كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الصِّيَامُ Fasting is prescribed as incumbent on you. [Kur. ii. 179.] (TA.) b2: كَتَبَ عَلَيْهِ كَذَا (tropical:) He judged, passed sentence, or decreed, against him that he should do such a thing. (A.) كتب القَاضِى بِالنَّفَقَةِ The judge gave sentence that the expenses should be paid. (Msb.) A3: كَتَبَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. كَتْبٌ, He drew together; brought together; conjoined. (S.) b2: Hence, كَتَبَ البَغْلَةَ, aor. ـُ and كَتِبَ, inf. n. كَتْبٌ, He conjoined the oræ of the mule's vulva by means of a ring or a thong; (S;) as also كَتَبَ عَلَيْهَا. (A.) كَتَبَ, aor. ـُ and كَتِبَ, (K,) inf. n. كَتْبٌ; and كَتَبَ عَلَيْهَا; (TA;) He closed the camel's vulva, (K,) and put a ring upon it: (TA:) or he put a ring of iron or the like upon it, (K,) conjoining the oræ, in order that she might not be covered. (TA.) b3: كَتَبَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. كَتْبٌ; (S;) and ↓ اكتتب; (K;) He sewed a قِرْبَة, (S,) or a سِقَآء, (K,) or a مَزَادَة, (TA,) with two thongs: (K:) or, accord. to some, he closed it at the mouth, by binding it round with a وِكَاء, so that nothing [of its contents] should drop from it; (TA;) [as also ↓ اكتب:] or كتب signifies he sewed a قربة; and ↓ اكتب, he bound it with a وكآء, i. e. bound it round the upper part. (Lh.) b4: كَتَبَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. كَتْبٌ; (S;) and ↓ اكتب (S, K) and ↓ اكتتب (TA) (tropical:) He bound a قِرْبَة with a وِكَاء; (S;) he bound it round the head, or upper part: (K:) or the first of these verbs signifies he sewed a قربة. (Lh.) See above. IAar says, I heard an Arab of the desert say, أَكْتَبْتُ فَمَ

↓ السِّقَاء فَلَمْ يَسْتَكْتِبْ I bound the mouth of the سقاء, but it did not become fast bound, or closed, because of its hardness and thickness. (TA.) A4: كَتَبَ النَّاقَةَ He used art to make the she-camel take a liking to that which was not her own young one, and put something as a ring through her nostrils, lest she should smell the بَوّ, (in some copies of the K, بَوْل; but this is a mistake; TA,) and not have a fondness for it. (TA.) A5: كَتَبَ (tropical:) He collected a كَتِيبَة. (TA.) See also 2.2 كَتَّبَ See 1 and 4 A2: كتّب النَّاقَةَ, inf. n. تَكْتِيبٌ, He tied the udder of the camel. (Az, S.) A3: كتّب الكَتَائِبَ, inf. n. تَكْتِيبٌ; (S, K;) and ↓ كَتَبَهَا; (TA;) (tropical:) He prepared the troops; (K;) he disposed the troops in order, troop by troop. (S.) 3 مُكَاتَبَةٌ and ↓ تَكَاتُبٌ are syn.: (S, K:) you say, كاتب صَدِيقَهُ He wrote to his friend: and ↓ تكاتبا They wrote, one to the other. (TA.) b2: كاتبهُ, inf. n. مُكَاتَبَةٌ (Az, K, Msb) and كِتَابٌ, (Az, Msb,) (tropical:) He (a slave) made a written [or other] contract with him (his master), that he (the former) should pay a certain sum as the price of himself, and on the payment thereof be free: (K, &c.:) also he (a master) made such a contract with him (his slave): (Az, Msb, &c.:) and ↓ تكاتبا They two made such a contract, one with the other. (Msb.) The slave in this case is called مُكَاتَبٌ (S, Msb) and also مُكَاتِبٌ; and so is the master; the act being mutual. (Msb.) [But the lawyers in the present day call the slave مُكَاتَبٌ only; and the master, مُكَاتِبٌ.] الكِتَابَةُ, signifying “ what is written, ” is tropically used by the professors of practical law as syn. with المُكَاتَبَةُ, because the contract above mentioned was generally written; and is so used by them when nothing is written. It was thus called in the age of el-Islám, accord. to Az. These two words are said by Z to be syn.; but it is thought that he may have written the former by mistake for الكِتَابُ, adding the ة by a slip of the pen. (Msb.) 4 اكتب He dictated. (S, K.) Ex. أَكْتِبْنِى

هٰذِهِ القَصِيدَةَ Dictate to me this ode. (S.) b2: اكتب and ↓ كتّب He taught the art of writing. (K.) A2: See also 1, in three places.5 تكتّب (tropical:) He girded himself, and drew together his garments upon him. (TA.) A2: تكتّب (tropical:) It (an army, S) collected itself together. (S, K.) 6 تَكَاْتَبَ see 3.8 إِكْتَتَبَ See 1. b2: كِتْبَةٌ [is a quasi-inf. n. of 8; syn. with إِكْتِتَابٌ; and is explained as signifying] The writing a book, transcribing it [from another book]: (إِكْتِتَابُكَ كِتَابًا تَنْسَخُهُ). (K.) b3: It also signifies, [as a quasi-inf. n. of 8,] The writing one's name in [the list of those who receive] stipend and maintenance (الكتتاب فى الفرض والرزق [اصحاب]). (TA.) b4: اكتتب He registered himself in the book of the Sultán's army-list, or stipendiaries. (S, K.) إِكْتَتَبْتُ فِى

غَزْوَةِ كَذَا I wrote down my name in the list of the soldiers of such an expedition. (TA, from a trad.) b5: اكتتب كِتَابًا He asked for a book (or the like) to be written for him. (TA.) See also 10.

A2: اكتتب (tropical:) His urine was suppressed. (TA.) b2: اكتتب بَطْنُهُ (tropical:) He was constipated, or costive; (TA;) his belly was constipated. (K.) 10 استكتبهُ شَيْئًا He asked him to write a thing for him. (S.) See also 1 and 8.

A2: With reference to a سِقَاء (or skin), see 1.

كُتْبَةٌ (tropical:) A thong with which one sews (K) a مَزَادَة or a قِرْبَة: pl. كُتَبٌ. (TA.) b2: That with which the vulva of a camel (or of a mule, TA,) is closed in order that she may not be covered: (K:) pl. كُتَبٌ. (TA.) b3: A seam or suture, (KL, PS,) in a skin or hide; (KL;) [app. made by sewing together two edges so that one laps over the other;] a خُرْزَةٌ (S, Mgh, K) whereof the thong conjoins the two faces [or sides]: (K:) or a خرزة that is joined together with a thong: (Lth:) or that whereof the thong conjoins each of the two faces [or sides]: (ISd, TA:) pl. كُتَبٌ. (S, Mgh.) كِتْبَةٌ: see 1 and 8. b2: [Also, agreeably with analogy, A mode, or manner, of writing.]

كُتُبِىٌّ, meaning A bookseller, is a vulgar term, like صُحُفِىٌّ: by rule it should be كِتَابِىٌّ.]

كِتَابٌ [inf. n. of 1, q. v. b2: as a subst.,] A thing in which, or on which, one writes: [a book:] a written piece of paper or [a record, or register; and a written mandate;] of skin: (K:) a writing, or writ, or thing written; as also ↓ كَتِيبَةٌ: and both are applied also to the revelation from above: and to a letter, or epistle, which a person writes and sends: sometimes made fem., as meaning صَحِيفَةٌ: AA says, I heard an Arab of the desert, of El-Yemen, say, فُلَانٌ لَغُوبٌ جَآءَتْهُ كِتَابِى فَاحْتَقَرَهَا Such a one is stupid: my letter came to him, and he despised it: so I said, Dost thou say, جاءته كتابى? and he replied, Is it not a صحيفة? (Msb.) Pl. كُتُبٌ and كُتْبٌ. (S.) b3: A revealed scripture. (Msb.) [Whence أَهْلُ كِتَابٍ People having a revealed scripture: and أَهْلُ الكِتَابِ The people of the Bible. See also أَهْلٌ.] الكتاب signifies The تَوْراة, or Pentateuch, or Mosaic Law: (K:) and the Gospel, or Book of the Gospels: the Scriptures of the Jews and Christians: (Expositions of the Kur, passim:) and the Kur-án. (TA.) b4: See also 3.

A2: كِتَابٌ [inf. n., or subst.: see 1] Divine prescript, appointment, or ordinance: judgment, or sentence: fatal decree, or predestination. (S, K.) لَأَقْضِيَنَّ بَيْنَكُمَا بِكِتَابِ اللّٰهِ I will assuredly determine, or judge, between you two according to the judgment, or sentence, of God, which hath been revealed in his book. A trad., not relating to the Kur-án. (TA.) El-Jaadee says, يَا ابْنَةَ عَمِّى كِتَابُ اللّٰهِ أَخْرَجَنِى

عَنْكُمْ وَهَلْ أَمْنَفَنَّ اللّٰهَ مَا فَعَلَا [O daughter of my paternal uncle! the decree of God hath expelled me from you: and could I indeed forbid God to do what He hath done?] (S.) [Hence,] الكِتَابُ الأَوَّلُ [The first writing; meaning the register of God's decrees]. (M and K voce مَحْبَلٌ, q. v.) b2: A receptacle for ink. (K).

قِرْبَةٌ كَتِيبٌ A skin that is sewed (S) with two thongs: (TA:) and the same, and ↓ مُكْتَبٌ, (S,) and ↓ مُكْتَتَبٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) A skin bound with a وِكَاء; (S;) closed at the mouth, by its being bound with a وِكَاء, so that nothing [of its contents] may drop from it. (TA.) كِتَابَةٌ subst. from 1; signifying The art of writing. (IAar, Msb.) b2: See also 3.

كَتِيبَةٌ see كِتَابٌ.

A2: An army; a military force: (S, K:) or a collected portion thereof; (Msb;) [a body of troops; a corps:] or a troop: or a troop of horse making a hostile attack or incursion, in number from a hundred to a thousand: (K:) pl. كَتَائِبُ. (S.) كُتَّابٌ, see مَكْتَبٌ

A2: The same, (S, K,) as also كُثَّابٌ, q. v., but the former is the more approved: (S: the reverse, however, is said in the TA; and MF says that some authors altogether reject كتّاب, with ت, in the sense here following:) A kind of small, round-headed, arrow, with which boys learn to shoot. (S, K.) كَاتِبٌ [A writer; a scribe; a secretary]: pl. كَاتِبُونَ and كُتَّابٌ and كَتَبَةٌ. (S, K.) b2: A learned man (S, K) was so called by the Arabs, (IAar,) because, in general, he who knew the art of writing was possessed of science and knowledge; and writers among them were few. (TA.) مَكْتَبٌ (S, K) and ↓ كُتَّابٌ (Lth, S, &c.) A school; a place where the art of writing is taught: (S, K, &c.:) accord. to Mbr and F, the assigning this signification to the latter word is an error; it being a pl. of كَاتِبٌ, and signifying, accord. to Mbr, the boys of a school: in the A it is said, this word is said to signify the boys; not the place: but Esh-Shiháb says, in the Sharh esh-Shifa, that it occurs in this sense in the classical language, and is not to be regarded as a postclassical word: it is said to be originally a pl. of كَاتِبٌ, and to be fig. employed to signify a school. (TA.) Pl. of the former مَكَاتِبُ; (TA;) and of the latter كَتَاتِيبُ. (S.) مُكْتَبٌ: see كَتِيبٌ.

مُكْتِبٌ A teacher of the art of writing. (S.) بغلة مَكْتُوبَةٌ, and مَكْتُوبٌ عَلَيْهَا, A mule that has the oræ of her vulva conjoined by means of a ring or a thong. (A.) See also 1.

مُكَتَّبٌ A bunch of grapes and the like of which a part has been eaten. (K, TA.) مُكْتَتَبٌ: see كَتِيبٌ.

مُكْتَوْتِبٌ Swollen, and full. (K.)

كذب

1 كَذَبَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. كَذِبٌ (a strange form of inf. n.; there being, accord. to Kz., only fourteen instances of it; as لَعِبٌ, and ضَحِكٌ, &c.; though there are many substantives of this measure; MF) and كِذْبٌ (S, K: accord. to Ibn-Es-Seed and others, this latter is formed from the former, by putting the second vowel of the former in the place of the first: MF) and كَذِبَةٌ (L) or كَذْبَةٌ (K) and كِذْبَهٌ (L, K) and كِذَابٌ and كِذَّابٌ (K: but this last, which is also assigned to كَذَبَ in the L, is, accord. to the S, which refers, for proof, to the Kur, ch. lxxviii.

28, one of the inf. ns. of كذّب: and Ks says, that the people of El-Yemen make the inf. n. of فعّل of the measure فِعَّالٌ, while the other Arabs make it تَفْعِيلٌ: TA) and, accord. to some, كُذْبٌ and كَذْبٌ (TA: but the latter of these two, though agreeable with analogy, is unheard: TA): see also كَذِبٌ, below: [He lied; uttered a falsehood; said what was untrue:] he gave an untrue account, or relation, of a thing, whether intentionally or unintentionally. (Msb) الكَذِبُ is of five kinds. b2: First, The relater's changing, or altering, what he hears; and his relating; as from others, what he does not know. This is the kind that renders one criminal, and destroys manly virtue. — Second, The saying what resembles a lie, not meaning anything but the truth. Such is meant in the trad., كَذَبَ إِبْرٰهِيمُ ثَلَاثَ كَذِبَاتٍ

Abraham said three sayings resembling lies; he being veracious in the three. — Third, The saying what is untrue by mistake, or unintentionally; making a mistake; erring. This signification is frequent. — Fourth, The finding one's hopes false, or vain. — Fifth, The act of instigating, or inciting. (IAmb.) [See illustrations of these and other significations below; and see more voce صَدَقَ.] [You say] يَكْذِبُكَ مِنْ أَيْنَ جَاءَ [He will lie to thee even as to the place whence he comes.] (L, art. مح, and in many other places, following the similar phrase لَا يَصْدُقُكَ أَثَرَهُ, or أَثَرُهُ.) Lebeed says, اِكْذِبِ النَّفْسَ إِذَا حَدَّثْتَهَا Lie to the soul (i. e., to thy soul,) when thou talkest to it: i. e., say not to thy soul, Thou wilt not succeed in thine enterprise; for thy doing so will divert thee, or hinder thee, therefrom. A proverb. (Meyd, &c.) b3: كُذِبَ, pass., He was told a lie; a falsehood; or an untruth. (K.) b4: Aboo-Duwád says, كَذَبَ العَيْرُ وَإِنْ كَانَ بَرَحْ The wild ass hath lied, although he hath passed from right to left: [the doing which is esteemed unlucky:] or, [agreeably with explanations of كَذَبَ given below,] hath become languid, and within [the sportsman's] power, or reach, &c.: or keep to the wild ass, and hunt him, &c. A proverb, applied in the case of a thing that is hoped for, though difficult of attainment. (TA.) b5: كَذَبَتْ and ↓ كذّبت (tropical:) She (a camel), being covered by the stallion, raised her tail, and then returned without conceiving. (En-Nadr, K.) b6: كَذَبَ is said of other things than men [and animals]: as of lightning, [meaning (assumed tropical:) It gave a false promise of rain]: of a dream, an opinion, a hope, and a desire, [meaning, in each of these cases, (assumed tropical:) It proved false]. (TA.) b7: So also كَذَبَتِ العَيْنُ (assumed tropical:) The sense [i. e., the sight] of the eye deceived it. (TA.) b8: كَذَبَ الرَّأْىُ [(assumed tropical:) The judgment lied]; i. e., he imagined the thing contrary to its real state. (TA.) [See also صَدَقَ ظَنِّى] b9: كَذَبَتْكَ عَيْنُكَ (tropical:) Thine eye showed thee what had no reality. (TA.) b10: كَذَبَ لَبَنُ النَّاقَةِ, and ↓ كذّب, (the latter mentioned in the S,) (tropical:) The milk of the camel passed away, or failed. (Lh.) b11: كَذَبَ فِى سَيْرِهِ (tropical:) [He (a camel) became slack, or slow, in his pace: see 2]. (TA.) b12: كَذَبَ الحَرُّ (tropical:) The heat abated. (TA.) b13: See also 2. كَذَبَ He found his hopes to be false, or vain. (IAmb.) اُنْظُرْ كَيْفَ كَذَبُوا عَلَى

أَنْفُسِهِمْ, [Kur vi. 24, lit., See how they lied against themselves,] is said to signify see how their hope hath proved false, or vain. (TA.) b14: ظَنُّوا أَنَّهُمْ قَدْ كُذِبُوا, [Kur xii. 110,] They (the apostles) thought that they had been disappointed of the fulfilment of the promise made to them. So accord. to one reading. Accord. to another reading, the verb is ↓ كُذِّبُوا: [in which case, the meaning of the words appears to be, “ They knew that they had been pronounced liars ” by the people to whom they were sent]. (TA.) There are also two other readings; ↓ كَذَّبُوا and كَذَبُوا: accord. to the former, the verb refers to the people to whom the apostles were sent; and ظنّوا means “ they knew: ” accord. to the latter, the words mean, “ They (the people above mentioned) thought that they (the apostles) had broken their promise. ” (Jel.) b15: مَا كَذَبَ الفُؤَادُ مَا رَأَى [The mind did not belie what he saw.] (Kur liii. 11.) b16: كَذَبَتْهُ نَفْسُهُ [His soul lied to him:] his soul made him to desire things, and to conceive hopes, that could scarcely come to pass. (K.) Hence the soul is called الكَذُوبُ.

You say in the contr. case, صَذَقَتْهُ نفسه, and الكَذُوبُ. (TA.) See كَذُوبٌ, and art. صدق. b17: Hence, كَذَبَ عَلَيْهِ signifies It rendered him active, or brisk; animated him; instigated him; incited him; (K;) as also كَذَبَهُ. (Z.) b18: Hence, كَذَبَ and كَذَبَكَ and كَذَبَ عَلَيْكَ have sometimes the same signification, though not always the same government, as عَلَيْكَ, or اِلْزَمْ; Keep to; or take to. The noun following is put in the nom. case accord. to the dial. of El-Yemen; and in the acc. accord. to the dial. of Mudar; or, as some say, is correctly put in the nom. only. (TA.) You say, كَذَبَ عَلَيْكَ كَذَا وَكَذَا, meaning Keep to, or take to, such and such things. It is an extr. phrase. (ISk.) You also say, كَذَبْتُ عَلَيْكَ, meaning Keep thou to me: and كذبتُ عَلَيْكُمْ Keep ye to me. IAar. cites the following verse of Khidásh Ibn-Zuheyr, [in which he tauntingly compares a people to ticks]: كَذَبْتُ عَلَيْكُمْ أَوْ عِدُونِى وَعَلِّلُوا بِىَ الأَرْضَ وَالأَقْوَامَ قِرْدَانَ مَوْظَبَا [Keep ye to me: threaten me, and soothe by (the mention of) me the land and the peoples, O ticks of Mowdhab!]: meaning Keep ye to me, and to satirizing me, when ye are on a journey, and traverse the land mentioning me. (TA.) In like manner, يَوْمُ الأَحَدِ والخَمِيسِ كَذَبَاكَ أَوْ يَوْمُ الإِثْنَيْنِ والثَّلَاثَاءِ, in a trad. respecting the proper days for being cupped, signifies Keep thou to Sunday and Thursday, or Monday and Tuesday. (IAth, Z.) The verb is thus used after the manner of a proverb, and is invariable [as to tense], being constantly in the pret. tense, connected [literally or virtually, when explained by عَلَيْكَ followed by the prep. ب, or by إِلْزَمْ,] only with the person addressed, and in the sense of the imperative. كذباك here [lit.] signifies Let them render thee active, or brisk, and animate thee, instigate thee, or incite thee. (Z.). [A trad. of 'Omar, quoted below, presents another instance to which this signification is said to apply.] b19: Or كَذَبَ denotes instigation, or incitement, of the person addressed, to keep to the thing that is mentioned; as in the saying of the Arabs, كَذَبَ عَلَيْكَ العَسَلُ, meaning Eat thou honey: but the explanation of this is, (The relinquisher of) honey hath erred [to thee; i. e., in his representation of its evil qualites &c.; which is equivalent to saying, Eat, or keep to, honey]: العَسَلُ being put for تَارِكُ العَسَلِ. [See also 1 in art. عسل.] In like manner, the saying of 'Omar, كَذَبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الحَجُّ &c., (see below,) signifies Keep ye to the performance of the pilgrimage, &c.: [or (the relinquisher of) the pilgrimage hath erred to thee in his representation of it: therefore it means as above]. (IAmb.) Accord. to IAmb the noun signifying the object of instigation [which may also be called the cause thereof] cannot be rightly put in the acc. case: if so put, the verb is without an agent. (TA.) [But see what is said on this point in the remarks on the trad. of 'Omar below.] b20: Or the verb in a case of this kind signifies أَمْكَنَ: thus, كَذَبَكَ الحَجُّ signifies The performance of the pilgrimage is possible, or practicable, to thee: therefore [it means] Perform thou the pilgrimage. (ISh.) b21: Or أَمْكَنَ is its original signification; and the meaning intended is Keep to; as in the ex. كَذَبَ العَتِيقُ. (Aal.) b22: 'Antarah, addressing his wife 'Ableh, says; or, accord. to some, the poet is Khuzaz Ibn-Lowdhán; كَذَبَ العَتِيقُ وَمَآءُ شَنٍّ بَارِدٌ

إِنْ كُنْتِ سَائِلَتِى غَبُوقًا فَاذْهَبِى (TA.) i. e., Keep thou to the eating of dates, and to the cool water of an old, worn-out, skin: if thou ask me for an evening's drink of milk, depart: for I have appropriated the milk to my colt, which is profitable to me, and may preserve me and thee: (L:) العتيق is in the nom. case accord. to the dial. of El-Yemen: but in the acc. accord. to that of Mudar. (TA.) b23: Er-Radee [reading العتيقَ] cites this verse as a proof that كَذَبَ, originally a verb, has become a verbal noun, signifying اِلْزَمْ. (TA.) But he is the only one who asserts it to be a verbal noun. (MF.) b24: Also, Mo'akkir El-Bárikee says, وَذُبْيَانِيَّةٍ أُوْصَتْ بَنِيهَا بِأَنْ كَذَبَ القَرَاطِفُ وَالقُرُوفُ And many a woman of Dhubyán charged her sons by [saying], Keep to the red garments (اكسية), and the bags (or receptacles) of leather tanned with pomegranate-bark. She charged them to take plenty of these two things as spoil from the tribe of Nemir, if they should prevail over them. (Aboo-'Obeyd El-Kásim Ibn-Selám.) b25: كذب is also said to have the same meaning in the words of the trad. كَذَبَ النَّسَّابُونَ [Keep to those skilled in genealogy:] or Regard is to be had to what is said by those skilled in genealogy: another meaning to which is assigned below. (TA.) b26: It sometimes signifies It is incumbent, or obligatory. So in the following: (a trad. of 'Omar: TA:) كَذَبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الحَجُّ كَذَبَ عَلَيْكُمُ العُمْرَةُ كَذَبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الجِهَادُ ثلَاثَةُ

أَسْفَارٍ كَذَبْنَ عَلَيْكُمْ [The performance of the pilgrimage is incumbent on you: the performance of (the rites called) العمرة is incumbent on you: warring (for the sake of religion) is incumbent on you: three expeditions are incumbent on you]: (S, * K:) or كذب, here, is from كَذَبَتْهُ نَفْسُهُ, “ his soul made him to desire things, and to conceive hopes, that could scarcely come to pass; ” and the meaning is let [the expectation of the reward which will follow] the performance of the pilgrimage render thee active, or brisk, and animate thee, instigate thee, or incite thee, to the act: [and so of the rest of the trad.: but here I should observe, that, for لِيَكْذِبَكَ and لِيُنَشِّطَكَ and يَبْعَثَكَ, in the CK, we should read لِيَكْذِبْكَ &c.:] (K:) b27: or, as ISk says, كذب, here, seems to denote instigation, or incitement, meaning عَلَيْكُمْ بِهِ keep ye to it; and is an extr. word with respect to analogy: (S:) b28: accord. to Akh., الحجّ is governed in the nom. case by كذب; but as to the meaning, it is in the acc.; because the meaning is a command to perform the pilgrimage; as when you say, أَمْكَنَكَ الصَّيْدُ [“ the game hath become within thy power, or reach ”], meaning “ shoot it, ” or “ cast at it: ” (S:) he who puts الحجّ in the acc. case, [agreeably with one relation of the trad., TA,] makes عليك [or عليكم] a verbal noun; and in كذب is [implied] the pronoun which refers to الحجّ [and which is the agent of the verb]; (K;) or the agent is implied in كذب, and explained by what follows it; (Sb;) [so that] the meaning is كَذَبَ الحَجُّ عَلَيْكُمُ الحَجَّ: (Z:) or, [as shown above,] كذب is a verbal n., meaning الْزَمْ, and الحجّ is in the acc. case as governed by it: (Er-Radee:) though its being in the acc. case, accord. to some, is altogether unknown: (TA:) b29: [or the meaning is as stated before on the authority of ISh.:] b30: or the trad. means كَذَبَ عَلَيْكَ الحَجُّ إِنْ ذُكِرَ

أَنَّهُ غَيْرُ كَافٍ هَادِمٍ لِمَا قَبْلَهُ مِنَ الذُّنُوبِ [(the relinguisher of) the pilgrimage hath erred to thee if it have been spoken of (by him) as not sufficient, (and as not) abolishing the sins, or offences, (committed) before it: agreeably with the explanation by IAmb, given above]. (K.) b31: كَذَبَ He said what was false unintentionally; committed a mistake, or error. The verb is used in this sense by the people of El-Hijáz, and the rest of the Arabs have followed them in so using it. (Towsheeh.) A2: كَذَبَ is also said to signify He spoke truth; so as to bear two contr. meanings: and thus, كَذَبَ النَّسَّابُونَ may signify Those skilled in genealogy have spoken truth: but another explanation of this saying is given in this art. (MF, &c.) A3: كَذَبَتْ عَفَّاقَتُكَ [and the like] Thou brokest wind. (S in art. عفق.) 2 كذّبه, inf. n. تَكْذِيبٌ, (and كِذَّابٌ, TA, and تَكْذِبَةٌ [like تَجْرِبَةٌ &c.], occurring in the TA, voce لَهَبَةٌ, &c.) He made, or pronounced, him a liar; an utterer of falsehood; or a sayer of what was untrue: (K:) he attributed, or ascribed, to him lying, untruth, mendacity, or the speaking untruth: (Msb:) and (Msb) [accused him of lying:] he gave him the lie; said to him, “ Thou hast lied, ” &c. (S, Msb.) See also 4. b2: كذّب بِالأَمْرِ, inf. n. تَكْذِيبٌ and كِذَّابٌ (K: the latter inf. n. of the dial. of El-Yemen: Ks, Fr) and كِذَابٌ, (TA,) He rejected, disallowed, denied, disacknowledged, disbelieved in, or discredited, the thing; syn. أَنْكَرَهُ; (K;) as also كذّبهُ, and ↓ كَذَبَهُ. (Jel, liii. 11.) Ex. وَكَذَّبُوا بِآيَاتِنَا كِذَّابًا [And they rejected our signs, with rejection: Kur, lxxviii. 28]. (S.) And كَذَّبَ الفُؤَادُ مَا رَأَى, and ↓ كَذَبَ: see art. فأد, and see 1. b3: كذّب عَنْهُ (assumed tropical:) He repelled from him, [or defended him]; syn. رَدَّ عَنْهُ; namely, a man. (K.) [See exs. voce عوّى, in art. عو.]

A2: حَمَلَ فَمَا كَذّب, inf. n. تَكْذِيبٌ, (tropical:) He charged, and was not cowardly, (S, K,) and did not retreat. (TA.) حَمَلَ ثُمَّ كذّب He charge, and then was cowardly, or did not charge with earnestness, or sincerity: (S:) b2: or falsified the opinion formed of him: or made a false charge. (A.) كذّب عَنَ قِرْنِهِ He charged, and then retreated from his adversary. (Sh.) كذّب القِتَالَ He was cowardly in fight. التَّكْذِيبُ in fighting is the contr. of الصِّدْقُ. (TA.) b3: كذّب السَّيْرَ [He slackened his pace, or became slow, after giving promise of being quick;] he did not proceed in his journey with energy. (TA.) b4: مَا كَذَّبَ أَنْ فَعَلَ كَذَا (so in the TA, and in a MS. copy of the K: in the CK, and in two copies of the S, مَا كَذَبَ:) (tropical:) He did not delay to do so: (S, K:) he was not cowardly and weak, and did not delay to do so. (TA.) A3: كذّب عَنْ أَمْرٍ قَدْ أَرَادَهُ (tropical:) He abstained, or desisted, or drew back by reason of fear, from a thing that he had desired to do. (K.) b2: كذّب (and ↓ كَذَبَ, TA,) (assumed tropical:) He (a wild beast) took a run, and then stopped to see what was behind him, (K,) whether he were pursued or not. (TA.) 3 كَاذَبْتُهُ, inf. n. مُكَاذَبَةٌ and كِذَابٌ, I lied, &c., to him, and he to me. (K, * TA.) 4 اكذبهُ He found him a liar; an utterer of falsehood; or a sayer of what was untrue: (S, K:) or he said to him, “ Thou hast lied ”: &c.: (TA:) or this verb bears the former of these two significations, and ↓ كذّبه signifies the latter: (S:) or اكذبه signifies he shewed him that he had told a lie, &c.: (Zj:) or اكذبه signifies he announced that he had told, or related, a lie, &c.: and ↓ كذّبه, he announced his being a liar, &c.: (Ks, S:) or اكذبه and ↓ كذّبه are syn.: but the former sometimes signifies he incited, urged, or induced, him to lie, &c. (a signification assigned to it in the K): and sometimes, he made manifest, or proved, his lying, &c. (a signification also assigned to it in the K): and he found him a liar, &c. (Th, S, * TA.) A2: اكذب, inf. n. إِكْذَابٌ, (tropical:) He, being called to, or shouted to, remained silent, feigning to be asleep. (AA, K.) 5 تكدّب He affected lying: or he lied purposely (تَكَلَّفَ الكَذِبَ). (S, K.) He told a lie; [like كَذَب.] (MA, KL.) [See also an instance in which it is trans., meaning He spoke falsely, voce تزعّم.] b2: تكذّبهُ, (K,) and تكذّب عَلَيْهِ, (TA,) He asserted that he was a liar. (K.) Aboo-Bekr Es-Siddeek says, رَسُولٌ أَتَاهُمْ صَادِقًا فَتَكَذَّبُوا عَلَيْهِ وَقَالُوا لَسْتَ فِينَا بِمَا كِثِ

[An apostle came to them, speaking truth; but they brought a charge of lying against him, or asserted him to be a liar, and said, Thou shalt not stay among us]. (TA.) 6 تكاذبوا They lied, &c., one to another. (S.) See also تَصَادَقَا.

كَذْبٌ and كَذِبٌ and كَذَبٌ and كُذْبٌ i. q. كَدْبٌ &c. (K, art. كدب.) كَذِبٌ and ↓ أُكْذُوبَةٌ [pl. أَكَاذِيبُ] (S, K) and ↓ كُذْبَى and ↓ مَكْذُوبٌ (K: this last a pass. part. n. used in the sense of an inf. n., as is said to be done in only four other instances: MF) and ↓ مَكْذُوبَةٌ (S, K: a fem. pass. part. n. which is less used in this manner than a masc.: TA [or perhaps an inf. n., as its contr. مَصْدُوقَةٌ is said to be:]) and ↓ مَكْذَبَةٌ (K: a meemee inf. n. agreeable with analogy: TA) and ↓ مُكْذُبَةٌ (CK: omitted in a MS. copy, and in the TA) and ↓ كَاذِبَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ كُذْبَانٌ and ↓ كُذَّابٌ (K) and ↓ تَكْذَابٌ (L, art. مسح,) are synonymous: (S, K) [all of these are regarded by some as inf. ns., signifying The act of lying; uttering a falsehood; or saying what is untrue: by others, all but the first seem to be regarded as simple substantives, signifying a lie; a falsehood; an untruth; a fiction; a fable: and the first, being an inf. n., is often used as a subst.] b2: إِنَّ بَنِى

↓ نُمَيْرٍ لَيْسَ لَهُمْ مَكْذُوبَةٌ [Verily no lying, or lie, is attributable to the sons of Numeyr] is related as a phrase of the Arabs. (Fr.) b3: إِنَّ بَنِى فُلَانٍ

↓ لَيْسَ لِحَدِّهِمٌ مَكْذُوبَةٌ; i. e., كَذِبٌ; [Verily no falsity is attributable to the valour of the sons of such a one]. (S.) b4: ↓ لَيْسَ لِوَقْعَتِهَا كَاذِبَةٌ [Kur lvi. 2,] signifies There shall be no rejecting its happening [as a falsity]: كاذبة being here an inf. n.: (Fr) or كاذبة is here a subst. put in the place of an inf. n., like عَاقِبَةٌ and عَافِيةٌ and بَاقِيَةٌ. (S.) b5: ↓ لَا مُكْذَبَةَ, and ↓ لا كُذْبَى, and ↓ لا كُذْبَانَ, I do not accuse thee of lying; or make thee a liar: (TA:) [and in like manner] لَا كُذْبَ لَكَ, and لا كُذْبَى لَكَ, signify لا تَكْذِيبَ There is no accusing thee of lying; or making thee a liar. (Lb.) b6: الشِّعْرِ ↓ تَكَاذِيبُ [The lies of poetry]. (TA.) b7: جَاؤُوا عَلَى قَمِيصِهِ بِدَمٍ كَذِبٍ, [Kur xii. 18, They brought, upon his shirt, false blood]: كذب here means ↓ مَكْذُوبٍ: (Fr and Abu-l- 'Abbás:) or is for ذِى كَذِبٍ, meaning مَكْذُوبٍ فِيهِ: (Zj:) or the blood is termed كذب because he (Jacob) was told a lie thereby. (Akh.) See another reading in art. كدب.

كُذْبَى: see كَذِبٌ.

كَذْبَانٌ: see كَاذِبٌ.

كُذْبَانٌ: see كَذِبٌ.

الكَذُوبُ and الكَذُوبَةُ (tropical:) Names of the soul. (Az, K.) See 1. b2: صَدَقَتْهُ الكَدُوبُ, [The soul (i. e. his soul) told him truth:] the soul diverted him, or hindered him, or held him back, from an undertaking, causing him to imagine himself unable to prosecute it. (TA.) One says so of a man who threatens another, and then belies himself, and is cowardly and weak. (AA.) Fr cites this hemistich: حَتَّى إِذَا مَا صَدَقَتْهُ كُذُبُهْ Until, when his souls told him the truth, or diverted him, &c.: the poet assigning souls to the person spoken of because of the several opinions of the soul. (TA.) كَذَّابٌ: see كَاذِبٌ.

كُذَّابٌ: see كَذِبٌ.

كَذَّابَةٌ (assumed tropical:) A piece of cloth that is dyed of various colours, or figured, as though it were embroidered, and stuck to the ceiling of a chamber: so called because one would imagine that it [meaning what is figured] is upon the ceiling, whereas it is upon a piece of cloth beneath the ceiling. (A, L.) كَاذِبٌ and ↓ كَذَّابٌ (fem. with ة, TA,) and ↓ كَذُوبٌ and ↓ كُذَبَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ كَذُوبَةٌ and ↓ تِكِذَّابٌ (like تِصِدَّاقٌ, TA) and ↓ كَذْبَانٌ (K) and ↓ كَيْذُبَانٌ (S, K) and ↓ كَيْذَبَانٌ (Az, K) and ↓ مَكْذَبَانٌ and ↓ مَكْذَبَانَةٌ and ↓ كُذُبْذُبٌ and ↓ كُذُّبْذُبٌ (S, K; neither of which last two words has its like in measure, IJ) and ↓ كُذُبْذُبَانٌ (K) epithets, applied to a man, from كَذَبَ “ he lied, &c.: ” (S, K, &c.:) [the first word a simple epithet, signifying Lying, &c.; or a liar: each of the others an intensive epithet, signifying Lying, &c., much; mendacious; or a great, or habitual, liar]. Pl. of the first word [كَاذِبُونَ and] كُذَّبٌ; and of the third, كُذُبٌ: (S:) or, accord. to some, the last is pl. of كَاذِبٌ, contr. to analogy; or pl. of كِذَابٌ, which is an inf. n. used as an intensive epithet. (MF.) b2: See كَذِبٌ b3: نَاصِيَةٍ كَاذِبَةٍ, [in the Kur xcvi. 16,] signifies ناصيةٍ كاذبةٍ صَاحِبُهَا [By] a forelock whose owner is a liar. (TA.) b4: Of the same kind is the expression ↓ رُؤْيَا كَذُوبٌ, meaning رؤيا صَاحِبُهَا كَاذِبٌ [A dream whereof the dreamer finds it to be false, or vain; i. e. a false, or vain, dream]. (TA.) [See also a verse cited voce خَيَالٌ.] b5: قَدْ يَصْدُقُ ↓ إِنَّ الكَذُوبَ [Verily the habitual liar in some few instances speaks truth]. A proverb. (TA.) b6: نَاقَةٌ كَاذِبٌ, and ↓ مُكَذِّبٌ, (tropical:) A she-camel that, being covered by the stallion, raises her tail, and then returns without conceiving. (En-Nadr, K.) b7: حَمْلَةٌ كَاذِبَةٌ, and ↓ مَكْذُوبَةٌ [لَهَا? (see مَصْدُوقَةٌ),] (tropical:) A charge that is followed up with cowardice and retreating. (TA.) A2: الكَذَّابَانِ An epithet applied to Museylimeh El-Hanafee and El-Aswad El-'Ansee. (K.) [Each of them is called الكذّاب.]

أَكْذَبُ [More and most, lying, or mendacious]: see an ex. voce سُهَيْلَة.

أُكْذُوبَةٌ: see كَذِبٌ.

تَكْذَابٌ and تَكَاذِيبُ: see كَذِبٌ.

مَكْذَبَةٌ: see كَذِبٌ.

مُكْذُبَةٌ: see كَذِبٌ.

مَكْذُوبٌ: see كَذِبٌ b2: [One to whom a lie, falsehood, or untruth, is told: see كُذِبَ.] Ex.

كُلُّ امْرِئٍ بِطَوَالِ العَيْشِ مَكْذُوبُ Every man, in respect of the length of life, is lied to [by his own soul]. A proverb. (Meyd, &c.) b3: قَوْلٌ مَكْذُوبٌ [originally مَكْذُوبٌ فِيهِ] A false saying, or lie; [lit.] a saying in which a falsehood, or lie, is told. (M, TA, voce مَقْتُوتٌ.) مَكْذُوبَةٌ: see كَذِبٌ.

A2: A weak woman. (IAar, K.) b2: A virtuous woman. (TA.) مَكَاذِبُ [signifying lies, falsehoods, or untruths,] is said to be a word that has no proper sing.: or it is pl. of كَذِبٌ, contr. to analogy: or its sing. is مَكْذَبٌ: like as is said of مَحَاسِنُ and مَذَاكِرُ

&c. (MF.)

كسب

1 كَسَبَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. كَسْبٌ (S, K, Msb) and كِسْبٌ (K), He collected (wealth &c.]; (S, K;) as also ↓ اكتسبهُ. (S.) This is the original signification. (S.) b2: [Hence,] He gained, acquired, or earned, wealth or the like; as also ↓ اكتسب. (Msb.) كَسَبْتُ شَيْئًا and ↓ اكْتَسَبْتُهُ are syn., [signifying I gained a thing]. (S.) b3: Hence [also], كَسَبَ and ↓ اكتسب (S, K, Msb) and ↓ تكسّب (K) He sought, sought after, or sought to gain, sustenance, or the like, (S, K,) for his family: (Msb:) or كَسَبَ signifies he got, or obtained, or gained, acquired, or earned, [sustenance, &c.]; and ↓ اكتسب, he applied himself with art and diligence [to get, or obtain, or gain, acquire, or earn, sustenance &c.; he laboured to earn, or gain, sustenance]: (Sb, K:) [so] also ↓ تكسّب is explained by تَكَلَّفَ الكَسْبَ he applied himself, as to a task, to gain, &c. (S.) b4: كَسَبَ is also said to signify, and originally, both he sought, or sought after, [sustenance]; and he laboured in seeking, or seeking after, sustenance. (TA.) b5: ↓ اكتسب has a more intensive signification than كَسَبَ; and hence, in the last verse of the second chap. of the Kur [لَهَا مَا كَسَبَتْ وَعَلَيْهَا مَا اكْتَسَبَتْ To it shall be given what reward it hath earned, and upon it shall be executed what punishment it hath drawn upon itself], the latter is used with reference to what is good; and the former, with reference to what is evil. (IJ.) You say, كَسَبَ خَيْرًا (tropical:) [He gained, or earned, or did, good]: and ↓ اكتسب شَرًّا (tropical:) [He gained, or earned, or did, evil]. (A.) b6: [This distinction, however, is not always observed: for] كَسَبَ signifies, He did either a good or an evil deed: [because he who does so earns, or draws upon himself, reward or punishment.] (Jel in ii. 281; and iii. 24; &c.) and ↓ اكتسب He committed an act of which he was accusable. (Jel in xxxiii. 58.) كَسَبَ إِثْمًا and ↓ اكتسبهُ signify He [committed, or] burdened himself with (تَحَمَّلَ), a sin, or crime. (Msb.) b7: كَسَبَهُ مَالًا, (S, K,) and مالا ↓ اكسبهُ, (IAar, IAth, K,) but the former is the more approved: the latter is by Fr and some others rejected: (TA:) He caused him to gain, acquire, or earn, wealth: (IAth, Msb:) or he assisted him to gain, acquire, or earn, wealth. (IAth.) كسبهُ عِلْمًا He caused him to gain, or acquire, knowledge. (Msb.) [In like manner,] العَبْدَ ↓ اسْتَكْسَبْتُ I caused the slave to gain, or make gain; the verb having here the sense of the measure أَفْعَلْتُهُ; like as اِسْتَخْرَجْتُهُ signifies أَخْرَجْتُهُ. (Msb.) [See an ex. voce أَدِيمٌ.] b8: نَهَى عَنْ كَسْبِ الإِمَاءِ [He (Mohammad) forbade the making female slaves to earn money, or the like, (by prostitution)]. (TA, from a trad.) b9: مَا كَسَبَ in the Kur cxi, 2, is said to signify His children. A man's children are among the things termed his كَسْب. (TA.) b10: كَسَبَهُ عَجَبًا It occasioned, or caused, him to wonder. (TA, voce أَعْجَبَ.) 4 أَكْسَبَ see 1.5 تَكَسَّبَ see 1.8 إِكْتَسَبَ see 1 throughout.

كَسْبٌ inf. n. of 1. q. v. b2: فُلَانٌ طَيِّبُ الكَسْبِ, (S, K,) and ↓ المَكْسَبِ, and ↓ المَكْسِبِ, (K,) and ↓ المَكْسِبَةِ, and ↓ الكِسْبَةِ, (S, K,) and ↓ الكَسِيبَةِ, (IM,) [Such a one makes good gain: كَسْبٌ &c. signifying gain, acquisition, or earning: and also a deed, whether good or evil].

كُسْبٌ i. q. كُنجارق [or كَنْجَارَهُ], a Persian word, called by some of the people of Es-Sawád كُسْبَج [or كُسْبَه; i. e., The dregs of sesamegrain, or the like, from which the oil has been expressed]; (TA;) dregs remaining after the expression of oil: (S, K:) [as also كُزْبٌ:] from the Persian كشب, (AM,) [or rather كُسْبَه, or كُسْبَج]. See also تَخٌّ.

كَسْبَةُ: see كَسَابِ.

كِسْبَة: see كَسْبٌ.

كَسْبِىٌّ: see اِكْتِسَابِىٌّ.

كَسَابِ The wolf. (L, K.) b2: A name of a bitch: (S:) one of the names of the bitch: (ISd:) as also ↓ كَسْبَةُ: (K:) as ↓ كُسَيْبٌ is a name of the dog; i. e., of the male: (K:) names thus used as ominous of gain, [or of capturing game]: (IM:) كَسَابِ, as a name of a hunting bitch, means كَاسِبَةٌ. (TA, art. برح.) كَسُوبٌ [so in the copies of the K in my hands; but by the place in which it is mentioned in the TA, it is implied that it is ↓ كَسُّوبٌ: see also لَسُوبٌ] A thing; anything. مَا لَهُ كَسُوبٌ He has not anything. (K.) A2: رَجُلٌ كَسُوبٌ, and ↓ كَسَّابٌ, A man who makes much gain. (K.) كُسَيْبٌ: see كَسَابِ. b2: إِبْنُ الكُسَيْبِ Bastard. (K.) كَسَّابٌ: see كَسُوبٌ.

كَسُّوبٌ A certain plant. (K.) A2: See also كَسُوبٌ.

الكَوَاسِبُ i. q. الجَوَارِحُ, (S, K,) here meaning The members (either of a man or of a bird) by means of which is gained, acquired, or earned, sustenance, or the like. (MF.) [The explanation in the TA, الجَوَارِحُ مِنَ الإِنْسَانِ وَالطَّيْرِ, seems, at first sight, to signify preyers, whether men or birds: but this meaning I do not think to be the one intended.]

أَبُو كَاسِبٍ The wolf. (K.) اِكْتِسَابِىٌّ [Acquired knowledge, such as is acquired by study: as also ↓ كَسْبِىٌّ:] opp. to ضَرُورِىٌّ as meaning [natural or instinctive, or] such as the creature has by [Divine] appointment. (Kull p. 232.) مَكْسَِبٌ, and مَكْسِبَةٌ see كَسْبٌ.