نمر

1 نَمِرَ, aor. ـ, (S, K,) inf. n. نَمَرٌ, (S,) [It was, or became, spotted like a leopard or panther: see also 5:] it (a cloud, or collection of clouds,) became of the colour of the نَمِر [leopard or panther], (S, K,) spots being seen in their interstices. (S.) A2: See also 5, in three places.2 نمّر, inf. n. تَنْمِيرٌ, (assumed tropical:) He, or it, changed, or altered, and rendered morose, his face. (T.) A2: See also 5, in two places.5 تنمّر [He made himself like a leopard or panther, in diversity of colours: see also 1].

'Amr Ibn-Maadee-Kerib says, قَوْمٌ إِذَا لَبِسُوا الحَدِي دَ تَنَمَّرُوا حَلَقًا وَقِدَّا [A people who, when they put on armour of iron mail,] make themselves like the leopard or panther (نَمِر) in the diversity of colours of the iron [rings] and the thongs. (S.) b2: (assumed tropical:) He made himself like the leopard or panther (نَمِر, K, TA) in ill-nature: (TA:) (tropical:) he became angry; as also ↓ نَمِرَ, (M,) aor. ـَ inf. n. ↓ نَمَرٌ; (TA;) and ↓ نمّر: (M:) (tropical:) he became evil in disposition; as also ↓ نَمِرَ: (T:) (tropical:) he became angry and evil in disposition; as also ↓ نَمِرَ and ↓ نمّر; (IKtt, Sgh, K;) like the نَمِر: (TA:) (tropical:) he strained the voice in threatening: (Sgh, K:) and تنمّر لَهُ (assumed tropical:) he became ill-natured and altered to him, and threatened him; because the نَمِر is never met otherwise than angry and illnatured. (As, S, K.) نِمْرٌ: see نَمِرٌ.

نَمِرٌ: see أَنْمَرُ, throughout. b2: نَمِرٌ (S, A, Msb, K, &c.) and نِمْرٌ, (M, A, Msb, K,) which is a contraction of the former, (Msb,) or a dial. form, (TA,) [The leopard;] a certain wild beast, (S, A, Msb, K, &c.) well known, (A, K,) more malignant than the lion, (T, M, Mgh, Msb,) and bolder, (Msb,) so called because of his نُمَر [or spots], (M, K,) being of divers colours, (M,) called in Persian پَلَنْكْ: (Mgh:) fem. with ة: (S, Msb:) pl. [of pauc.] أَنْمُرٌ (M, K) and أَنْمَارٌ, (M, Msb, K,) and [of mult.] نُمُورٌ, (S, M, Msb, K,) held by Th to be pl. of نِمْرٌ, (M,) and نُمُورَةٌ (Msb, and so in some copies of the K) and نُمُرٌ, (S, M, K,) which occurs in poetry, and is anomalous, perhaps a contraction of نُمُورٌ, (S,) and not mentioned by Sb, (M,) and نُمْرٌ, (M, K,) which is the most common in occurrence, but, accord. to Th, he who uses it makes the sing. أَنْمَرُ, (M,) and نِمَارٌ, (M, K,) held by Th to be pl. of نِمْرٌ, (M,) and نِمَارَةٌ. (K.) As the نَمِر is one of the most abominable and malignant of wild beasts, one says, لَبِسَ فُلَانٌ لِفُلَانٍ جِلْدَ النَّمِرِ, meaning, (tropical:) Such a one became changed, or altered, to such a one; or met him in a morose manner: (IB:) or became very rancourous, or malicious, towards him. (TA.) The kings of the Arabs, when they sat [in judgment] to slay a man, used to attire themselves in skins of the نَمِر, and then give orders for the slaying of him whom they desired to slay. (IB.) A2: See also نَمِيرٌ, throughout.

نُمْرَةٌ A spot, or speck, of any colour whatever: pl. نُمَرٌ. (M, K.) نَمِرَةٌ A garment of the kind called بُرْدَة, of wool, (S, K, TA,) striped, (TA,) worn by the Arabs of the desert: (S, K, TA:) or a garment of the kind called شَمْلَة, (M, K,) or كِسَآء, (A, Mgh, Msb,) having white and black stripes, or lines, (M, Mgh, Msb, K,) worn by the Arabs of the desert: (A, Msb:) and a garment of the kind called حِبَرَة; (M, K;) so called because of the diversity of the colours of its stripes: (M:) or any مئْزَر, of those worn by the Arabs of the desert, that is a striped شَمْلَة: (IAth:) or a striped إِزَار of wool; (TA;) pl. نِمَارٌ: (IAth, Msb:) it is an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates. (TA.) It is said in a trad. of Saad, نَبَطِىٌّ فِى حُبْوَتِهِ أَعْرَابىٌّ فِى نَمِرَتِهِ أَسَدٌ فِى تَأْمُورَتِهِ [A Nabathean in his hubweh (a long piece of cloth, or the like, wound round the back and legs of a person sitting with his thighs against his belly); an Arab of the desert in his nemireh; a lion in his den]. (S.) b2: See also أَنْمَرُ.

مَآءٌ نَمِير (T, S, M, A, K) and ↓ نَمِرٌ, (M, K,) Wholesome water, whether sweet or not sweet: (S, K:) or sweet and wholesome water: (T, A:) or wholesome in satiety: (TA:) or copious: (Ibn-Keyrán, M, K:) or increasing in quantity, syn. نَامٍ, (As, T, TA,) or زَاكٍ, (K,) whether sweet or not sweet: (T, TA:) or increasing in quantity in the beasts [app. meaning while they drink], (زَاكٍ فِى المَاشِيَة نَامٍ, T, M,) whether sweet or not sweet. (M.) [As زَاكٍ is coupled with نَامٍ, app. as an explicative adjunct, in the T and M, I think that I have here rendered it correctly: otherwise I should have supposed it to mean, perhaps, pure.] b2: حَسَبٌ نَمِيرٌ, (S, M, A, K,) and ↓ نَمِرٌ, (M, K,) (tropical:) i. q. زَاكٍ [see above]: (S, M, A, K:) pl. أَنْمَارٌ. (M.) أَنْمَرُ Spotted white and black: (M, K:) or in which is black and white; applied to a wild beast; as also ↓ نَمِرٌ: (A:) fem. نَمْرَآءُ; (M, A, K;) applied to a ewe or she-goat: (A:) pl. نُمْرٌ: (A:) also أَنْمَرُ a horse, (S, K,) and an ostrich, (K,) variegated like the نَمِر, (S, K, TA,) having one spot white and another of any colour: (S, TA:) pl. as above: (TA:) or, applied to an ostrich, in which is blackness and whiteness: pl. as above: (S:) and a lion in which is dust-colour and blackness: and ↓ مُنَمَّرٌ a bird having black spots; also sometimes applied as an epithet to a horse such as is termed بِرْذَوْن. (TA.) Also, A collection of clouds of the colour of the نَمِر, spots being seen in their interstices: (S:) or having black and white spots: (TA:) and ↓ نَمِرٌ signifies a collection of clouds having marks like those of the نَمِر: or small portions near together: n. un. with ة: (M:) or ↓ نَمِرَةٌ signifies a small portion of a cloud: and its pl. [or rather the coll. gen. n.] is نَمِرٌ. (K.) It is said in a proverb, أَرِنِيهَا نَمِرَةً

أُرِكَهَا مَطِرَةً [Show thou it to me spotted like the leopard, I will show it to thee raining]: (S, K:) alluding to an event which one certainly knows will happen when the symptoms thereof appear: (Meyd, K, TA:) originally said by Aboo-Dhueyb El-Hudhalee: (TA:) نَمِرَة is here like خَضِرًا in the Kur, vi. 99, for أَخْضَرَ: (Akh, S:) by rule, it should be نَمْرَآءَ, (K, TA,) fem. of أَنْمَرُ. (TA.) b2: See also نَمِرٌ.

مُنَمَّرٌ: see أَنْمَرُ. [In the TA, voce حِبَرَةٌ, it is applied as an epithet to a garment of the kind called بُرْد: and in the K, voce حَبِيرٌ, to a cloud, or collection of clouds: in the former case, it app. signifies striped, (see نَمِرَةٌ,) or, as in the latter case, spotted.]

عنز

1 عَنَزَ, (O, K,) inf. n. عَنْزٌ, (O,) or عُنُوزٌ, (TA,) He turned away, (O, K, TA,) and declined, (TA,) عَنْهُ [from him, or it]: (K, TA:) or he removed, went away or aside, or retired to a distance; (IKtt, TA;) and thus ↓ اعتنز signifies; (S, O, K;) as also ↓ استعنز; (O, K;) or these two verbs, and ↓ تعنّز, signify he removed, went away or aside, or retired to a distance, from the people, or from men; (TA;) and ↓ اعتنز signifies also he alighted in a place aside or apart [from others]. (S. [See also مُعْتَنِزٌ.]) A2: عَنَزَهُ, (IKtt, K,) or عَنَزُوهُ, (A,) inf. n. عَنْزٌ, (TA,) He pierced him, or thrust him, with the عَنَزَة, (IKtt, K,) or they pierced him, or thrust him; from the word عَنَزَةٌ [q. v.]. (A.) 2 تَعْنِيزٌ is [the inf. n. of عُنِّزَ, and signifies The having little flesh in the face; being] from the phrase مُعَنَّزُ الوَجْهِ. (O.) 4 اعنزهُ, (K, TA,) or ↓ اعتنزهُ, (thus accord. to the O, [but the former is app. the right,]) He, or it, made him to decline, (O, K, TA,) and to remove, go away or aside, or retire to a distance. (TA.) 5 تَعَنَّزَ see 1.8 إِعْتَنَزَ see 1, in two places: A2: and see also 4.10 إِسْتَعْنَزَ see 1.

عَنْزٌ A she-goat; the female of the common goat: (S, O, K:) or a she-goat a year old; (Msb;) [and so ↓ عَنْزَةٌ: (Freytag, from the Kitáb el-Addád:)] and the female of the mountain-goat; and of the gazelle: (S, O:) pl. [of pauc.] أَعْنُزٌ and [of mult.] عُنُوزٌ and عِنَازٌ, or, accord, to some, the last of these is pl. of عَنْزٌ in the last of the senses expl. above. (TA.) هُمَا كَرُكْبَتَىِ العَنْزِ [They two are like the two knees of the she-goat] is a prov. applied to two men vying with each other, (O, K,) or equalling each other, (TA,) because her two knees, when she desires to lie down, fall together. (O, K. [See Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 861: where, instead of العنز, we find البَعِيرِ; and thus I find in a MS. copy of the Proverbs of Meyd.]) And it is said in another prov., to him who commits a crime that occasions his destruction, لَا تَكُ كَالْعَنْزِ تَبْحَثُ عَنِ المُدْيَةِ [Be not thou like the she-goat that scrapes up the dust, or earth, from over the butcher's knife]. (TA. [See also بَاحِثٌ.]) Hence the saying, يَوْمٌ كَــيَوْمِ العَنْزِ [A day like the day of the she-goat]; mentioned by Th; alluding to its bringing death. (TA.) And لَقِىَ يَوْمَ العَنْزِ [He met with the day of the she-goat] is also a prov., (O, TA,) applied to him who meets with that which destroys him, (O, K,) or to him who labours for his own destruction. (A.) b2: العَنْزُ is a name of (assumed tropical:) The star ε] on the left [or (as some figure the constellation) the right] elbow of Auriga: and العِنَازُ is a name of (assumed tropical:) The two stars ζ and η] on the left [or the right] wrist together with العَيُّوق [which is Capella]. (Kzw in his description of Auriga.) b3: Also The female eagle: (S, O, K: [see also عَنْسٌ:]) pl. عُنُوزٌ. (TA.) And The female vulture: (IDrd, O, K:) pl. عُنُوزٌ. (IDrd, O.) and The female of the [species of bustard called] حُبارَى (IDrd, O, K) is sometimes thus termed: (O:) and it is said to be also called ↓ العَنْزَةُ. (TA.) And The female of the hawk. (TA.) b4: Also A species of aquatic bird; (O, K; *) [by some, in the present day, applied to a gray heron;] also called عَنْزُ المَآءِ. (O.) b5: And A species of fish; also called عَنْزُالمَآءِ: (Az, O:) accord. to Ibn-'Abbád, (O,) a certain great fish, which a mule can hardly, or in nowise, carry: (O, K:) and the pl., he says, is أَعْنِزَةٌ. (O.) A2: عَنْزٌ also signifies An [eminence, or a hill, such as is termed]

أَكَمَة: (S:) or a black أَكَمَة. (O, K.) b2: and A rock in the water: pl. عُنُوزٌ. (TA.) b3: and Land having in it ruggedness and sand and stones and [the species of tamarisk called] أَثْل. (TA.) A3: And I. q. بَاطِلٌ [q. v.]. (TA.) عَنْزٌ: see its n. un. عَنَزَةٌ.

عَنْزَةٌ: see عَنْزٌ, in two places.

عَنَزَةٌ A short spear; (A;) a small spear, between a staff and a spear, (O, K,) longer than a staff and shorter than a spear, (S,) said to be of the measure of half a spear, or somewhat more, having a head like that of the spear; (TA;) or a staff shorter than a spear; (Msb;) and, as some say, (TA,) having a زُجّ [i. e. a pointed iron foot at the lower extremity], (S, O, Msb, K, TA,) like that of the spear: (S, O, TA:) the old man leans, or stays himself, upon it; and it is nearly like the عُكَّازَة [q. v.]: (TA:) or it is like the عُكَّازَة, which is a staff having a زُجّ: (Mgh:) pl. ↓ عَنَزٌ, [or rather this is a coll. gen. n., of which عَنَزَةٌ is the n. un.,] and عَنَزَاتٌ. (Msb.) The Prophet is related to have prayed towards an عَنَزَة. (Mgh. [See سُتْرَةٌ.]) b2: Also The حَدّ [by which may be meant either the edge or point] of a فَأْس [which means a hoe and an adz and an axe, and also a pickaxe]: (O, K:) or the long حَدّ [or iron point] of the مِلْطَاس, which is a long double-headed pickaxe. (ISh, TA in art. لطس.) A2: Also A certain beast, (O, K,) found in the desert, slender in the muzzle, smaller than the dog, of the beasts of prey, (O,) that seizes the camel in his rump, (O, K,) and is seldom seen; asserted by the Arabs to be a devil: (O:) or, (K,) accord. to Aboo-Leyleh, (O,) it is like the weasel (O, K) in size: (O:) it approaches the she-camel when she is lying down, (O, K,) then springs, (O,) and enters into her vulva, and conceals itself therein, (O, K,) until it reaches the womb, (O,) whereupon the she-camel (O, K) dies on the spot (K) or aborts and dies on the spot. (O.) عَنِيزٌ Afflicted by a calamity; as also ↓ مَعْنُوزٌ; (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K;) both applied to a man. (Ibn-'Abbád, O.) مُعَنَّزٌ Small in the head (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K) and ears. (Ibn-'Abbád, O.) b2: مُعَنَّزُ الوَجْهِ A man (A, O) having little flesh in his face. (A, O, K.) b3: مُعَنَّزُ اللِّحْيَةِ Whose beard is like [that of] the goat: (K:) applied to a man as though his beard were like the beard of the goat: (O:) meaning, as expl. by Aboo-Dáwood, بُزْ بُزْ رِيشْ in Pers\. meaning the “ goat ” [and رِيشْ the “ beard ”]. (TA.) مَعْنُوزٌ: see عَنِيزٌ.

مُعْتَنِزٌ is said to mean One who does not dwell in the neighbourhood of [other] men lest something should be gotten from him: and one says, نَزَلَ مُعْتَنِزًا meaning He alighted and abode aside, or apart, from men. (TA. [See its verb.])

حدب

1 حَدِبَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. حَدَبٌ; (S, * A, Mgh, * Msb, K;) and ↓ احدبّ, and ↓ تحادب, (K,) and ↓ احدودب; (S, K;) He (a man, Msb) was, or became, humpbaked; (Mgh, Msb;) he had a prominent, or protuberant, back, and a hollow, or receding, chest (A, * K) and belly: (K:) [accord. to the Msb, from حَدَبٌ signifying “ elevated ground; ” but the reverse is indicated in the A:] and it (the back) was, or became, humped, or protuberant; (S, A; *) as also ↓ انحدب. (KL.) b2: And the first, (assumed tropical:) It (a thing) rose, or grew up or out, high: (KL:) [it was, or became, gibbous, or convex; as also ↓ احدودب.] b3: حَدِبَ عَليْهِ, (S, A, K,) inf. n. as above; (KL, TA;) and ↓ تحدّب; (S, A, K;) (tropical:) He was, or became, affectionate, favourable, or kind, to him. (S, A, * K, KL, TA.) And حَدِبَتْ عَلَى وَلَدِهَا, (K, * TA,) inf. n. as above; (TA;) and ↓ تحدّبت; (K;) (tropical:) She (a woman) applied herself constantly to the care of her child, or children, after the loss of her husband, not marrying again. (K, TA.) A2: حَدَبَ عَنْهُ, aor. ـِ inf. n. حَدْبٌ, He repelled from him, and defended him. (MF, TA.) 2 تَحْدِيبٌ [inf. n. of حدّب] The act of elevating, or raising high, the back. (KL.) b2: [And, accord. to Golius, as on the authority of the KL, The making a thing gibbous, or convex: but this meaning which the word has in the present day, I do not find in my copy of the KL.]4 احدبهُ He (God) rendered him humpbacked. (S.) b2: (assumed tropical:) He, or it, rendered him affectionate, favourable, or kind. (KL.) 5 تَحَدَّبَ see 1, in two places. b2: تحدّب بِهِ He, or it, clung, or clave, to it. (K, TA.) 6 تَحَاْدَبَ see 1.7 إِنْحَدَبَ see 1.9 إِحْدَبَّ see 1.12 إِحْدَوْدَبَ see 1, in two places. b2: Also (assumed tropical:) It (sand) was, or became, curved, or winding; or curved, or winding, and long. (K.) حَدَبٌ (tropical:) High, or elevated, ground; so in the Kur xxi. 96; (S, A, Msb;) as also ↓ حَدَبَةٌ; and so حَدَبٌ مِنَ الأَرْضِ: (A:) or rugged and high ground: (T, K:) pl. حِدَابٌ (S) [and app., accord. to the TA, أَحْدَابٌ also, a pl. of pauc.]. and حَدَبُ الرَّمْلِ (tropical:) Sand brought by the wind, [or blown together,] and elevated. (A, TA.) and hence, as being likened to such sand, (IAar, TA,) حَدَبُ البُهْمَى (tropical:) What is scattered, and heaped up, of [the species of barley-grass called] بهمى. (IAar, K, TA.) And حَدَبُ المَآءِ (assumed tropical:) The elevated waves of water: (T, TA:) or the rolling over of water, volume over volume: (K, TA:) or the rolling of water in waves. (TA.) And حَدَبُ الغَدِيرِ (assumed tropical:) The motion and waves of the pool of water left by a torrent. (IAar, TA.) And حَدَبُ السَّيْل (tropical:) The rise, or swell, and abundance, of the torrent. (A, TA.) b2: (assumed tropical:) A slope in a declivity; expl. by حَدُورٌ فِى صَبَبٍ, as in the correct copies of the K, and in the L; in some copies of the K حدوب; (TA;) [in the CK حُدُورٌ;] as the حَدَب of waves (in some copies of the K, of the wind, TA, [an evident mistranscription, الريح for الموج,]) and of sand. (K.) b3: (assumed tropical:) A mark left upon the skin; (As, K;) such as the [weal or] swelling and thickness produced by beating. (As, TA.) b4: (tropical:) The intenseness of the cold of winter. (A, K.) A2: A certain plant: or the [plant called] نَصِىّ. (K.) حَدِبٌ: see أَحْدَبُ. b2: Also (tropical:) Affectionate, favourable, or kind. (A, TA.) You say, هُوَ حَدِبٌ عَلَى أَخِيهِ (tropical:) He is affectionate, &c., to his brother. (A.) A2: أَرْضٌ حَدِبَةٌ A land abounding with the plant called حَدَب. (K.) حَذَبَةٌ A hump on the back. (Az, S, A, Mgh.) b2: See also حَدَبٌ.

حَدَابِ, like قَطَامِ, (K,) indecl., (TA,) (assumed tropical:) A year of drought, barrenness, or dearth: (K:) or a year of severe drought. (TA.) حُدَيْبَآءُ: see what next follows.

أَحْدَبُ Humpbacked; (S, Mgh, Msb;) having a prominent, or protuberant, back, and a hollow, or receding, chest and belly; (K;) and ↓ حَدِبٌ signifies the same: (Sb, S, K:) fem. of the former حَدْبَآءُ: (Msb:) and pl. حُدْبٌ. (Msb, TA.) اِبْنَةٌ

↓ حُدَيْبَآءُ (dim. of حَدْبَآءُ), meaning A little humpbacked daughter, occurs in a trad. (TA.) b2: Hence, آلَةٌ حَدْبَآءُ, (see a verse of Kaab Ibn-Zuheyr, voce آلَةٌ, in art. اول,) (assumed tropical:) A gibbous bier: (A, * TA:) or (as used in that verse) it means a distressing state, or condition: or an elevated apparatus. (TA.) And رَمْلَةٌ حَدْبَآءُ (assumed tropical:) [A gibbous tract of sand]. (ISh, K in art. دبح, &c.) And نَاقَةٌ حَدْبَآءُ, (S, A,) or دَابَّةٌ حدبَآءُ, (K,) (tropical:) A she-camel, (S, A,) or a beast, (K,) the prominent parts of whose hips, (S, A, K,) and the bone of whose back, (TA,) appear, (S, A, K,) by reason of her leanness. (A, TA.) And حَدْبَآءُ حِدْبِيرٌ and حِدْبَارٌ are expressions used in the same sense: (L, TA:) pl. حُدْبٌ حَدَابِيرُ. (S, L, TA.) b3: الأَحْدَبُ is the name of A vein (عِرْق) penetrating into, or lying within, the bone (عَظْمَ [app. a mistranscription for عَظَمَة the upper portion]) of the fore-arm. (K.) b4: أَمْرٌ أَحْدَبُ (A) and خُطَّةٌ حَدْبَآءُ (A, TA) (tropical:) A difficult affair: (A, TA:) and أُمُورٌ حُدْبٌ (A, TA) and حُدْبُ الأُمُورِ (K) (tropical:) difficult affairs; (A, K, TA;) sing. حَدْبَآءُ [for خُطَّةٌ حَدْبَآءُ or the like]. (K.) And سَنَةٌ حَدْبَآءُ (tropical:) A severe, cold year. (A, TA.) [Hence,] وَسِيقٌ أَحْدَبُ (assumed tropical:) A quick driving. (TA.) b5: [Hence, also,] الأَحْدَبُ [used as a subst.] (assumed tropical:) Vehemence, severity, difficulty, or distress; syn. الشِّدَّةُ. (K.) A2: [Also (assumed tropical:) More, and most, affectionate, favourable, or kind.] أَحْدَبُهُمْ عَلَى

المُسْلِمِينَ, said of Aboo-Bekr, in a trad. of 'Alee, means (assumed tropical:) The most affectionate, favourable, or kind, of them, to the Muslims. (TA.)

بقر

1 بَقَرَ, (S, K, &c.,) aor. ـُ (JK, S, A, Mgh, Msb,) or ـَ (K,) [but this seems to be a mistake,] inf. n. بَقْرٌ, (S, Msb,) He slit; ripped; split; cut, or divided, lengthwise. (S, Msb, K, &c.) He slit, or ripped open, an animal's belly. (A, Mgh.) One says, اُبْقُرْهَا عَنْ جَنِينِهَا Rip thou open her [a camel's] belly so as to disclose her fœtus. (S.) [See بَقِيرٌ.] b2: He opened, or laid open. (S, A, Msb.) b3: He widened; made wide, or ample. (S, K.) b4: He opened, and widened, or made wide, a house, or tent. (TA, from a trad.) b5: He opened and revealed to a person a story. (TA, from a trad.) b6: بَقَرَ الأَرْضَ said of a هُدْهُد [or hoopoe], It looked for the place of water and saw it: (K:) [or it clave the ground and discovered water:] occurring in a trad. respecting the هدهد of Solomon [mentioned in the Kur ch. xxvii.] (T.) b7: بَقَرَ فِى بَنِى فُلَانٍ He knew the state, condition, case, or affair, of the sons of such a one, and examined, or inspected, them. (K.) b8: بَقَرَ عَنِ العُلُومِ He inquired, and searched to the utmost, after sciences. (A.) b9: بَقَرَ العِلْمَ: see 5.

A2: بَقِرَ, aor. ـَ He (a dog) became confounded, (S, K,) and stupified, (TA,) with joy, (K,) at seeing بَقَر, (S, K,) i. e., بَقَر الوَحْش [wild oxen, or wild bulls or cows]; (TA;) like as one says غَزِلَ meaning “ he sported,” or “ played,”

“ at seeing a gazelle,” or “ a young gazelle; ” as also ↓ بَيْقَرَ: or the former, he feared, so that he was astonished, amazed, or stupified, at seeing many بَقَر: (TA voce بَحِزَ:) and ↓ the latter signifies also [simply] he became confounded, or perplexed: (IAar, TA:) and he doubted respecting a thing. (K.) b2: Also, aor. as above, inf. n. بَقَرٌ (S, K) and بَقْرٌ; (K;) but Az says, El-Mundhiree has informed me that A Heyth disallowed بَقْرٌ, saying that it is accord. to analogy بَقَرٌ, as the verb is intrans.; (TA;) He (a man) became tired, or fatigued, (S, K,) so that he could hardly see; (K;) and he became weary, or jaded; (S, K;) as also ↓ بَيْقَرَ. (S, K. *) 2 بقّر القَوْمُ مَا حَوْلَهُمْ The people dug the tract around them, and made wells. (As.) 5 تبقّر It (a she-camel's belly) became ripped open; as also ↓ ابتقر and ↓ انبقر. (TA.) b2: It became open. (As.) b3: And i. q. توسّع; (As, K;) as also ↓ تَبَيْقَرَ. (K.) So in the phrase تبقّر فِى

العِلْمِ [He enlarged himself, or took a wide range, in science, or knowledge]; (S, A, Msb;) and العِلْمَ ↓ بَقَرَ, inf. n. بَقْرٌ, signifies the same. (TA.) And so in the phrase تبقّر فِى المَالِ, (S, A, Msb,) and فى الأَهْلِ, (TA,) i. e., He enlarged himself, or he became, or made himself, large, or abundant, in wealth, or camels or the like, and in family; as explained by As. (A'Obeyd.) Yousay also, تبقّر الكَلَامَ, [meaning فِى الكَلَامِ,] i. e., He was diffuse, or profuse, in speech; syn. تَفَتَّقَ بِهِ. (A.) 7 إِنْبَقَرَ see 5.8 إِبْتَقَرَ see 5.

Q. Q. 1 see 1, in three places. Q. Q. 2 see 5.

بَقَرٌ a gen. n., (S, Msb,) a word of well-known meaning, (S, Msb, K,) [The bovine genus; the ox, or bull, and cow; and oxen, or bulls, and cows; neat; black cattle;] applied to the domestic and the wild: (TA:) [but the wild have also distinctive appellations, as will be seen below:] n. un. بَقَرَةٌ, (S, Msb, K, [but in the K it is said that بَقَرٌ is pl. of بَقَرَةٌ,]) which is applied to the male and the female; (S, Msb, K;) the ة being added only to restrict it to unity: (S, Msb:) the pl. of بَقَرٌ is أَبْقُرٌ [a pl. of pauc.]; (M,) and أَبْقَارٌ, meaning herds of oxen, or bulls, or cows: (Msb and TA in art. ابل:) and the pl. of بَقَرَةٌ is بَقَرَاتٌ (S, Msb, K) and بُقُرٌ and بُقَّارٌ (K) and بَوَاقِرُ (As, T, K) and ↓ أُبْقُورٌ; (K;) [or rather this last is a quasi-pl. n.;] and the following [also] are quasi-pl. ns., namely, ↓ بَيْقُورٌ, (K,) which is syn. with بَقَرٌ, (S,) and ↓ بَقِيرٌ, (K,) or this signifies a collection, or herd, of بَقَر, (S,) and ↓ بَاقِرٌ, (K,) or this signifies a collection, or herd, of بَقَر with their pastors, (Lth, S,) and ↓ بَاقُورٌ, and ↓ بَاقُورَةٌ, (K,) or this last is syn. with بَقَرَةٌ in the dial. of the people of El-Yemen: (S:) or ↓ بَاقُورٌ and ↓ يَبْقُورٌ and ↓ أُبْقُورٌ are all syn. with بَقَرٌ; and so, accord. to Ktr, is ↓ بَاقُورَةٌ. (Mgh.) b2: بَقَرُ الوَحْشِ [and البَقَرُ الوَحْشِىُّ signify The wild ox, or bull, and cow; and wild oxen, or bulls, and cows, collectively: n. un. بَقَرَةُ الوَحْشِ and البَقَرَةُ الوَحْشِيَّةُ; masc. and fem.: in Egypt, these appellations are applied to the antilope defassa of modern zoologists: so says Sir Gardner Wilkinson; and to this, I believe, they generally apply in the poems &c. of the early Arabs: it is a species of bovine antelope: in Barbary, it seems that the animal thus called is another species of bovine antelope, or perhaps a variety of the former; it is said to be what is termed by Pallas antilope bubalis; by others, alcephalus bubalis, or acronotus bubalis; and this is said to come occasionally to the Nile: but the Arabic appellations given above are employed with much laxity: thus we find بَقَرُ الوَحْشِ explained as meaning] a kind of animal of which there are four different species: the first called مِهِا [i. e. مَهًا, a coll. gen. n. of which the n. un. is مَهَاةٌ]; the second, ايل [i. e.

إِيَّلٌ]; the third يحمور [i. e. يَحْمُورٌ], or يامور [i. e. يَأْمُورٌ]; the fourth, ثيثل [or ثَيْتَلٌ], and also وعل [i. e. وَعْلٌ]: (Ed-Demeeree, cited by De Sacy, erroneously written by him “ Domaïri,”

in his Chrest. Ar. sec. ed. ii. 435 et seq.:) or what is called in Persian كوزن [or گَوَزْنْ (see also إِيَّلٌ in art. اول)]; it has a great horn, with branches; an additional branch growing upon its horn every year; and its horn is solid, thus differing from the horns of other animals, for their horns are hollow: when it hears singing, and the sounds of musical instruments, it listens thereto, and then it takes no care to guard itself from the arrows, by reason of its intense delight therein: when it raises its ear, it hears sounds; and when it relaxes it, it hears not anything. (Kzw: also cited by De Sacy, ubi suprà.) The Arabs regard بَقَر [meaning بقر الوحش] as ominous of evil, because of the sharpness of their horns. (Ham p. 285.) b3: مِلْءُ مَسْكِ البَقَرَةِ [The quantity that fills the hide of the bull, or cow,] means (tropical:) a large quantity. (A.) b4: الظِّبَآءَ عَلَى البَقَرِ [or الظِّبَآءُ] and الكِرَابَ عَلَى البَقَرِ [or الكِرَابُ, and الكِلَابَ or الكِلَابُ,] are provs. of the Arabs. (TA.) [See arts. ظبي and كرب and كلب.] b5: عَيْنُ البَقَرِ (assumed tropical:) [The buphthalmum, or ox-eye;] i. q. بَهَارٌ, q. v. (S in art. بهر.) b6: عُيُونُ البَقَرِ (tropical:) A species of grape, black, large, round, and not very sweet. (K, TA.) In Palestine, applied to (tropical:) A species of إِجَّاص [or plum]. (K, TA.) b7: بَقَرٌ is also applied to (tropical:) A family, or household; those who dwell with a man, and whose maintenance is incumbent on him. (TA.) You say, جَاءَ فُلَانٌ يَجُرُّ بَقَرَهُ (tropical:) Such a one came dragging along his family, or household. (A, * TA.) And عَلَى فُلَانٍ بَقَرَةٌ مِنْ عِيَالٍ

وَمَالٍ (tropical:) Upon such a one is dependent a troop, or large number, of his family, and of camels or the like; (A, * TA;) and in like manner you say, كَرِشٌ مِنْ عِيَالٍ. (A.) And فُلَانٌ فِى بَقَرٍ مِنَ النَّاسِ (tropical:) Such a one is among a large company of men. (A.) بَقِيرٌ Slit; ripped; split; cut, or divided, lengthwise; as also ↓ مَبْقُورٌ. (K.) b2: A she-camel having her belly ripped open so as to disclose her fœtus. (S.) b3: A mare's colt or foal that is born in a [membrane such as is called] مَاسِكَةٌ or سَلًى: (K:) so termed because this is ripped open over it. (TA.) b4: Also, and ↓ بَقِيرَةٌ, A garment of the kind called بُرْد, which is slit [in the middle], and worn (As, K) by a woman, who throws it upon her neck, [putting her head through the slit,] (As,) without sleeves, (As, K,) and without a جَيْبٍ [or an opening at the bosom]; (As;) i. q. إِتْبٌ [q. v.], which is a kind of shirt without sleeves, worn by women. (S.) A2: See also بَقَرٌ.

بَقِيرَةٌ: see بَقِيرٌ.

بَقَّارٌ A grave-digger; syn. حَفَّارٌ. (TA.) b2: A worker in iron; a blacksmith. (K.) A2: An owner, or a possessor, [or an attendant,] of بَقَر [or oxen, or bulls, or cows]. (K.) عَصًا بَقَّارِيَّةٌ A strong staff or stick [such, app., as is used for driving oxen or bulls or cows]. (K.) البَاقِرُ The lion: (K:) because, when he catches his prey, he rips open his belly. (TA.) b2: بَاقِرٌ and ↓ بَاقرَةٌ, [the latter an intensive epithet,] A man who inquires, and searches to the utmost, after sciences. (A.) And بَاقِرُ عِلْمٍ One who enlarges himself, or takes a wide range, in science, or knowledge. (Msb.) b3: فِتْنَةٌ بَاقِرَةٌ, (S, K,) occurring in a trad., (TA,) (assumed tropical:) A sedition, discord, dissension, or the like, that severs society; (K;) that corrupts religion, and separates men: or that is wide-spreading and great: (TA:) it is likened to the disease of the belly; meaning the yellow water or fluid: (S:) or to pain of the belly; because its exciting cause and its cure are unknown. (TA.) A2: See also بَقَرٌ.

بَاقِرَةٌ: see بَاقِرٌ.

بَيْقَرَةٌ Abundance of wealth, or of camels or the like, and of commodities, or household goods or utensils and furniture. (K.) بَاقُورٌ: see بَقَرٌ; each in two places.

بَيْقُورٌ: see بَقَرٌ; each in two places.

بَاقُورَةٌ: see بَقَرٌ; each in two places.

أُبْقُورٌ: see بَقَرٌ; each in two places.

مَبْقُورٌ: see بَقِيرٌ.

غبط

1 غَبَطَهُ aor. ـِ (S, K,) inf. n. غَبْطٌ, (S,) He felt with his hand his (a ram's) أَلْيَة [i. e. rump, or tail, or fat of the tail,] in order to see if he were fat or not: (S, K:) and he felt it (his back) with his hand in order to know whether he were lean or fat: (Lth, K: *) and in like manner the verb is used in relation to a she-camel. (TA.) A2: غَبَطَهُ, aor. ـِ (ISk, Az, S, Msb, K;) and غَبِطَهُ, aor. ـَ (Ibn-Buzurj, Sgh, K;) inf. n. غَبْطٌ (ISk, Az, S, Msb, K) and غِبْطَةٌ, (S, K,) or the latter is a simple subst.; (Msb;) He regarded him [with unenvious emulation, i. e.] with a wish for the like of his condition, (ISk, Az, S,) meaning a good condition, (Az,) or for the like of that which he had attained, (Msb,) or for a blessing, (K,) and that it might not pass away, (ISk, K,) or without desiring that it should pass away, (Az, S, Msb,) from the latter person: (ISk, Az, S, Msb, K:) the doing so is not حَسَدٌ, (Az, S, Msb,) for this implies the desire that what is wished for may pass away from its possessor; (Az, Msb;) or it is a kind of حَسَد, of a more moderate quality: (Az:) or غِبْطَةٌ and غَبْطٌ have the signification shown above, and are also syn. with حَسَدٌ; (K;) this latter meaning is assigned to غَبْطٌ by IAar; and it is said that the Arabs use غَبْطٌ in the sense of حَسَدٌ metonymically; (TA;) [so that غَبَطَهُ and غَبِطَهُ may also mean (tropical:) he envied him; &c.; see an ex. in a prov. cited voce بَطْنٌ; but it is said that] حَسَدٌ, when it is for courage and the like, is syn. with غِبْطَةٌ, and then it implies admiration, without a wish that the thing admired may pass away from its possessor. (Msb in art. حسد.) You say, غَبَطَهُ بِهِ, (S,) and عَلَيْهِ, (IAth,) and فِيهِ, (Msb,) He regarded him with a wish for the like of it, meaning a thing or state which he had attained, without desiring that it should pass away from the latter person. (S, IAth, * Msb.) Mohammad was asked, “Does الغَبْط injure? ” and he answered, “Yes, like as الخَبْط injures: ” or, accord. to the relation of A'Obeyd, “No, save as الخَبْط injures the [trees called] عِضَاه: ” (Az, TA:) [see خَبَطَ:] by الغيط meaning, accord. to some, الحَسَد: (TA:) or a kind thereof, of a more moderate quality; injurious, but not so injurious as الحسد whereby one wishes that a blessing may pass away from his brother; الخبط meaning the beating off the leaves of trees; after which they become replaced, without there resulting any injury therefrom to the stock and branches: moreover, الغبط sometimes occasions the smiting of its object with the evil eye. (Az, TA.) [See also غِبْطَةٌ, below.]

A3: Accord. to IKtt, غَبَطَ signifies also He lied; but perhaps it is a mistranscription for عَبَطَ, which has this meaning; for it is not mentioned by any other. (TA.) 2 غَبَّطَ It is said in a trad., جَآءَ وَهُمْ يُصَلُّونَ فَيَجْعَلَ يُغَبِّطُهُمْ; thus it is related, meaning, [He came to them while they were praying, and he began] to incite them to wish for the like of that action: if related without teshdeed, [يَغْبِطُهُمْ,] the meaning is, to regard them with a wish for the like condition, because of their forwardness to prayer. (Nh, K.) 4 أَغْبَطَ see 8.

A2: اغبط الرَّحْلَ عَلَى ظَهْرِ البَعِيرِ, (S,) or على الدَّابَّةِ, (K,) He kept the saddle constantly (S, K) upon the back of the camel, (S,) or upon the beast, (K,) not putting it down from him. (S.) b2: إِغْبَاطٌ also signifies The continuing constantly riding. (ISk.) And أَغْبَطُوا عَلَى رِكَابِهِمْ فِى السَّيْرِ They kept the saddles on their travellingcamels night and day, not putting them down, in journeying. (ISh.) b3: Hence, (A, TA,) أَغْبَطَتْ عَلَيْهِ الحُمَّى (tropical:) The fever continued upon him; (S, K, TA;) as though it set the غَبِيط upon him, to ride him; like as you say, رَكِبَتْهُ الحُمَّى, and اِمْتَطَتْهُ, and اِرْتَحَلَتْهُ: (A, TA:) or clave to him: (TA:) or did not quit him for some days; as also أَغْمَطَتْ, and أَرْدَمَتْ. (As.) b4: And أَغْبَطَتِ السَّمَآءُ (tropical:) The sky rained continually. (S, Msb, K, TA.) And أَغْبَطَ عَلَيْنَا المَطَرُ (tropical:) The rain continued upon us incessantly, rain following close upon rain. (Aboo-Kheyreh.) b5: And أَغْبَطَ النَّبَاتُ (tropical:) The herbage covered the land, and became dense, as though it were from a single grain. (K, TA.) 8 اغتبط He was, or became, regarded [with unenvious emulation, i. e.,] with a wish for the like of his condition, without its being desired that it should pass away from him: (S:) or he was, or became, in such a condition that he was regarded with a wish for the like thereof, without its being desired that it should pass away from him: (Táj el-Masádir, TA:) or he rejoiced, or became rejoiced, in being in a good condition; (K;) or in blessing bestowed upon him: (TA:) or he was grateful, or thankful, to God for blessing, or bounty, bestowed upon him: (L:) and the same, (K,) or ↓ أَغْبَطَ, inf. n. إِغْبَاطٌ, accord. to the L, (TA,) he was, or became, in a good state or condition; in a state of happiness; (L, K;) and of enjoyment, or wellbeing. (L.) You say, لَقِىَ مَا يُغْتَبَطُ عَلَيْهِ [He met with, or experienced, that for which one would be regarded with unenvious emulation, i. e., with a wish to be in the like condition, without its being desired that it should pass away from him]. (TA in art. فوز.) A2: The saying, خَوَّى قَلِيلًا غَيْرَ مَا اغْتِبَاطِ cited by Th, but not expl. by him, is held by ISd to mean [He (referring to a camel) lay down, or did so making his belly to be separated somewhat from the ground], not resting upon a wide غَبِيط [q. v.] of ground, but upon a place not even, and not depressed. (TA.) غَبْطٌ [originally an inf. n.]: see غِبْطَةٌ.

A2: Also, and ↓ غِبْطٌ, Handfuls of reaped corn or seed-produce: pl. غُبُوطٌ, (K, TA,) and, it is said, غُبُطٌ: or [rather] accord. to Et-Táïfee, غُبُوطٌ signifies the handfuls which, when the wheat is reaped, are put one by one; and غَبْطٌ is the sing.: or, as AHn says, غُبُوطٌ signifies the scattered handfuls of reaped corn or seed-produce; one of which is termed غَبْطٌ. (TA.) غِبْطٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

غُبْطَةٌ A strap in the [leathern water-bag called]

مَزَادَة, (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K,) like the شِرَاك [of the sandal], (Ibn-'Abbád, O,) which is put upon the extremities of the two skins [whereof the مزادة is mainly composed] and then strongly sewed. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) غِبْطَةٌ A good state or condition; (S, L, Msb, K;) a state of happiness; (L, K;) and of enjoyment, or wellbeing; (L;) as also ↓ غَبْطٌ, in the saying, اَللّٰهُمَّ غَبْطًا لَا هَبْطًا, meaning, O God, we ask of Thee a good state or condition [&c.], (S, K,) and we put our trust in Thee for preservation that we may not be brought down from our state, (S, TA,) or that we may not be abased and humbled: (TA:) or place us in a station for which we may be regarded [with unenvious emulation, i. e.,] with a wish to be in the like condition without its being desired that it should pass away from us, (K, * TA,) and remove from us the stations of abasement and humiliation: (TA:) or [we ask of Thee] exaltation, not humiliation; and increase of thy bounty, not declension nor diminution. (TA.) [See also 1, second sentence.]

سَمَآءٌ غَبَطَى (tropical:) A sky raining continually (JM, K) during two or three days; (JM;) as also غَمَطَى. (TA.) غَيُوطٌ A she-camel whose fatness is not to be known unless she be felt with the hand. (K, TA.) غَبِيطٌ A [camel's saddle of the kind called] رَحْل, (S, Msb,) for women, (S,) upon which the [vehicle called] هَوْدَج is bound: (S, Msb:) or an elegant kind of رَحْل, depressed in its middle: (TA:) or a vehicle like the pads (أُكُف [in the CK, erroneously, اَكُفّ]) of the [species of camels called]

بَخَاتِىّ, (K,) which is tented over with a [framework such as is called] شِجَاز, and is for women of birth: (Az, TA:) or, as some say, of which the pad (قَتَب) is made not in the [usual] make of pads (أَقْتَاب): (TA:) or a رحل of which the pad (قَتَب) and the [curved wooden parts called] أَحْنَآء are one [i. e., app., conjoined]: (K:) pl. غُبُطٌ. (S, Msb, K.) The pl. is also applied to the pieces of wood in camels' saddles; and to such are likened Persian bows, (S, TA,) because of their curvature. (IAth.) b2: [Hence,] (assumed tropical:) Depressed land or ground: (S, K:) or a wide and even tract of land of which the two extremities are elevated, (K,) like the form of the camel's saddle so called, of which the middle is depressed: (TA:) also (assumed tropical:) a channel of water furrowed in a tract such as is termed قُفّ, (K, TA,) like a valley in width, having between it and another such channel meadows and herbage: pl. as above. (TA.) غَابِطٌ act. part. n. of 1, (S, K,) as expl. in the first sentence: (S:) A2: and also as expl. in the second sentence: (K:) pl., accord. to the K, غُبُطٌ, like كُتُبٌ; but correctly, غُبَّطٌ, like سُكَّرٌ, as in the L. (TA.) فَرَسٌ مُغْبَطُ الكَاثِبَةِ (tropical:) A horse high in the withers; likened to the form of the غَبِيط; accord. to Lth: in the A, as though he had on him a غبيط. (TA.) b2: أَرْضٌ مُغْبَطَةٌ, with fet-h, (K,) i. e., in the form of the pass. part. n., not with fet-h, to the first letter, (TA,) Land covered with dense herbage, as though it were from a single grain. (AHn, K.) b3: سَيْرٌ مُغْبَطٌ (assumed tropical:) Journey continued without rest; as also مُغْمَطٌ. (ISh.) حُمَّى مُغْبِطَةٌ (tropical:) Continual fever. (TA.) مَغْبُوطٌ and ↓ مُغْتَبِطٌ Regarded [with unenvious emulation, i. e.,] with a wish for the like condition, without its being desired that it should pass away from him: (S, TA:) in a good state, or condition; in a state of happiness; and of enjoyment, or wellbeing; as also ↓ مُغْتَبَطٌ. (TA.) مُغْتَبَطٌ and مُغْتَبِطٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

نفر

1 نَفَرَ, (T, M, L, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (T, M, K,) and نَفُرَ, (M, K,) inf. n. نَفْرٌ and نَفَرَانٌ (M, K) or نُفُورٌ, (Msb,) said of a wild animal, (T, Msb,) a gazelle, (M, K,) or other beast, (M,) He took fright, and fled, or ran away at random; or became refractory, and went away at random; or ran away, or broke loose, and went hither and thither by reason of his sprightliness; syn. شَرَدَ; (M, K;) as also ↓ استنفر; (T, Msb, K;) and so the former verb in speaking of a camel, or a beast: (L, art. شرد:) you say, نَفَرَتِ الدَّابَّةُ, (T, S, M, A, K,) aor. ـِ and نَفُرَ, (T, S, M, K,) inf. n. نُفُورٌ and نِفَارٌ (T, S, M, A, K) and نَفْرٌ: (A:) or this signifies the beast was, or became, impatient (A, K, TA) of or at a thing, (TA,) [or shied at it,] and retired to a distance; (A, K, TA;) and ↓ إِسْتِنْفَارٌ signifies the same as نُفُورٌ: (S:) or نَفَرَ, inf. n. نِفَارٌ [and نُفُورٌ], signifies he fled, and went away or aside or apart or to a distance. (M.) b2: [Hence, نَفَرَ, aor. ـِ and نَفُرَ, inf. n. نُفُورٌ and نِفَارٌ and نَفْرٌ and نَفِيرٌ, as used in the following phrases.] نَفَرْتُ مِنْ هٰذَا الأَمْرِ (tropical:) I shrank from this thing or affair; was averse from it; did not like or approve it. And نَفَرَ فُلَانٌ مِنْ صُحْبَةِ فُلَانٍ (tropical:) [Such a one shrank, or was averse, from the companionship of, or the associating with, such a one]. And نَفَرَتِ المَرْأَةُ مِنْ زَوْجِهَا (tropical:) [The woman was averse from her husband; or shunned or avoided him]. (All from the A.) And you say of a man's disposition, عَنِ الحَقِّ ↓ تَنَفَّرَ (tropical:) [It shunned, or was averse from, the truth] (Bd, lxvii. 21.) b3: إِلَّا نُفُورًا, in the Kur, [xvii. 43, and xxxv. 40,] means (tropical:) Save in aversion and نَفِيرٌ is like نُفُورٌ: and the subst. is نَفَرٌ, with two fet-hahs. (Msb) b4: نَفَرَ الشَّىْءُ مِنَ الشَّىْءِ inf. n. نِفَارٌ [and نُفُورٌ], The thing receded, withdrew, removed, or became remote or aloof, from the thing. (A'Obeyd, T, S.) [See also 3.] b5: Hence it is, I think, that نَفَرَ is used as signifying (tropical:) It became swollen, in the following words of a trad. of 'Omar: تَخَلَّلَ رَجُلٌ فِى زَمَانِهِ بِالقَصَبِ فَنَفَرَ فُوهُ (tropical:) A man, in his time, picked his teeth with reeds, and in consequence his mouth became swollen: as though the flesh, disliking the disease, receded from it, and so became swollen. (A'Obeyd, T, S. *) You say also, نَفَرَتِ العَيْنُ, aor. ـِ and نَفُرَ, inf. n. نُفُورٌ. (tropical:) His eye became inflamed and swollen: and so you say of other parts of the person. (M, K. *) And نَفَرَ الجُرْحُ, inf. n. as above, (tropical:) The wound became swollen: (T, Msb:) or it became so after healing. (W, i. 42.) And نَفَرَ الجِلْدُ (tropical:) The skin became swollen, (S, A,) and the flesh receded from it. (A.) [All these significations seem to be derived from the first in this art.: and so several others which follow.] b6: نَفَرْتُ إِلَى اللّٰهِ, inf. n. نِفَارٌ, I betook myself to God by reason of fear, seeking protection. (IKtt) b7: نَفَرُوا, (Msb,) inf. n. نَفْرٌ, (M, Msb, K,) They became separated, or dispersed: (M, * Msb, K: *) and so نَفَرتْ, said of camels. (TA.) Hence, (M,) the saying, لَقِيتُهُ قَبْلَ كُلِّ صَيْحٍ وَنَفْرٍ, (S, M, A.) a proverb, in which the last word is used tropically; (A;) explained in art. صيح, q. v. (S.) [And غَضِبَ مِنْ غَيْرِ صَيْحٍ وَلَا نَفٍرْ; explained in the same art.] b8: نَفَرَ الحَاجُّ مِنْ مِنًى, (M, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (S, M, K,) inf. n. نَفْرٌ (M, Msb, K) and نَفَرٌ (M) and نُفُورٌ (K) [and نَفِيرٌ], The pilgrims removed from Minè. (Msb.) Hence, يَوْمُ النَّفْرِ, and النَّفَرِ, and النَّفُورِ, and النَّفِيرِ, (S, M, K,) and لَيْلَةُ النَّفْرِ, (S, TA,) and النَّفَرِ, (TA,) [The day of, and the night immediately preceding, the removing from Minè]; after the day called يَوْمُ القَرِّ: (S;) [therefore. the twelfth of Dhu-l-Hijjeh:] or there are two days thus called: (Msb:) يَوْمُ النَّفْرِ الأَوَّلُ is [the day above mentioned,] the second of the days called أَيَّامُ التَّشْرِيقِ; (IAth, Msb;) and يَوْمُ النَّفْر الاّخِرُ, (IAth,) or الثَّانِى, (Msb,) is the third thereof: (IAth, Msb:) the order is this; يَوْمُ النَّحْرِ, then يَوْمُ القَرِّ, then يَوْمُ النَّفْر الأَوَّلُ then يَوْمُ النَّفْرِ الآخِرُ. (T, L) b9: نَفَرُوا فِى الأَمْرِ, (S, M.) or لِلْأَمْرِ, (K,) aor. ـِ (M, K.) inf. n. نُفُورٌ (S, M, K) and نِفارٌ (M, K) and نَفِيرٌ; (Zj, M, K;) and ↓ تنافروا; (M, K;) They went, or went away, to execute the affair: (M, K:) and in like manner, فِى القِتَالِ to fight. (M.) And نَقَرُوا, alone, They went forth to war against unbelievers or the like. So in the Kur, is 82. وَقَالوا لَا تَنْفِرُوا فى الحرِّ قُلْ نَارٌ جَهَنَّمَ أَشَدٌ حَرَّا [And they said, Go not ye forth to war against the unbelievers in the heat: say, The fire of hell is hotter]: and so in the same chap. v. 39: (Jel:) and in the same book, iv. 73. (Bd.) You say also, نَفَرُوا لَهُمْ They went forth to fight them. (TA, from a trad.) And تَفَرُوا إِلى الحَرْب They hastened to the war, or to war. (Msb.) b10: [Hence,] نَفَوُا مَعَهُ; and ↓ أَنْفَرُوهُ, (M, K,) inf. n. إِنْفَارٌ; (TA;) They aided and succoured them: (M, K:) or the former verb, alone, they, being asked to do so, complied, and went forth to aid. (TA.) b11: نَفرَبِنَا: see 2.2 نَفّر, (T, M, A, Msb,) inf. n. تَنْفيرٌ; (Msb;) and ↓ انفر; (T, K;) and ↓ اشتنفر; (T, M, A, Msb;) He made (wild animals, T. Msb, or an antelope. K, or a beast of carriage. M,) to take fright, and flee, or run away at random: (K, TA:) or he made a beast of carriage to become impatient, and to retire to a distance: (A:) or he scared away; or made to flee, and go away, or aside, or apart, or to a distance: (so accord. to an explanation of the intrans. v. from which it is derived, in the M:) you say نَفَّرْتُهُ and ↓ اِسْتَنْفَرْتُهُ and ↓ أَنْفَرُتُهُ: and in like manner, نَفَّرَ عَنْهُ, and أَنْفَرَ عَنْهُ, [meaning, he scared away, or made to take fright and flee, &c., from him or it:] (TA:) الإِنْفَارُ عَنِ الشَّىْءِ, and التَّنْفِيرُ عَنْهُ, and الاِسْتِنْفَارُ, all signify the same, [i. e., the scaring away, &c. from a thing.] (S.) It is said in a trad. of Zeyneb, the daughter of Mohammad, فَأَنْفَرَ بِهَا المُشْرِكُونَ بَعِيرَهَا حَتَّى سَقَطَتْ and the polytheists made her camel to take fright and run away at random with her, so that she fell. And in like manner you say, أُنْفِرَبِنَا, and نُفِرَبِنَا, [or نُفَّرَبِنَا Our camels were scared away with us; or made to take fright and run away at random with us: or] we were made to be persons having camels taking fright and running away at random. And تَنْفِيرٌ signifies The chiding camels or sheep or goats, and driving them from the pasturage. (TA.) b2: [Hence] بَشِّروا وَلا تُنَفِّرُوا (assumed tropical:) [Rejoice people by what ye say. and] do not encounter them with [roughness and violence and] that which will incite them to نُفُور [i. e. flight or aversion]. (TA.) See the act. part. n., below. b3: [Hence also,] نَفِّرْ عَنْهُ, (S, K,) inf. n. تَسنْفِيرٌ. (TA.) (assumed tropical:) Give thou to him a لَقَب [meaning a nickname or name of reproach], (S,) or a لَقب that is disliked: (K:) as though they held such to be تَسْفِيرٌ لِلْجِنِّ وَالعَيْنِ عَنْهُ [a means of scaring away the jinn, or genii, and the evil eye, from him]. (S, K.) An Arab of the desert said, When I was born, it was said to my father, نَفِّرْ عَنْهُ: so he named me قُنْفُد [hedge-hog], and surnamed me أَبو العَدّآءِ [father of the quick runner]. (S.) 3 نَاْفَرَ [نَافَرَا, inf. n. مُنَافَرَةٌ, (tropical:) They shunned or avoided each other; regarded each other with aversion. But perhaps this signification is only post-classical. b2: And hence, (tropical:) They (two things) were incongruous, or discordant, each with the other. But perhaps this signification, also, is only post-classical. See also 6.]4 أَنْفَرَ see 2, in several places. b2: أَنْفَرُوا Their camels took fright and ran away at random, (نَفَرَت, K, TA,) and became separated or dispersed. (TA.) b3: See also 1, last signification.5 تنفّر عَنِ الحَقِّ: see 1.6 تَنَاْفَرَ [تنافروا (tropical:) They shunned or avoided one another; regarded one another with aversion. But perhaps this signification is only post-classical. b2: And hence, تنافرت الأَشْيَآءُ (tropical:) The things were incongruous, or discordant, one with another. But perhaps this signification, also, is only postclassical. See also 3.] b3: تنافروا فِى الأَمْرِ, or لِلْأَمْرِ: see 1, towards the end. See also تَنَافَرَا in the K: and compare 6 in arts. نفد and نفذ.10 إِسْتَنْفَرَهُمْ He (the Imám) incited, and summoned or invited them to go forth, لِجِهَادِ العَدُوِّ to war against the enemy: (T, Mgh:) or imposed upon them the task of going forth to war, light and heavy: [see Kur, ix. 41:] (A:) or he demanded, sought, or desired, of them aid. (M, * K, TA.) b2: See also 2. in three places. b3: And see 1, in two places, near the beginning.

نَفْرٌ: see نَافِرٌ, of which it is a quasi-pl.: b2: and نَفِيرٌ: b3: and نَفَرٌ.

نِفْرٌ an imitative sequent to عِفْرٌ, (T, M, K,) and so is ↓ نَفِرٌ to عَفِرٌ, (Sgh, K, but omitted in some copies of the K,) and ↓ نِفْرِيَةٌ to عِفْرِيَةٌ, (T, M, K,) and ↓ نِفْرِيتٌ to عِفْرِيتٌ, (T, S, M, K,) and ↓ نُفَارِيَةٌ to عُفَارِيَهٌ, (T, M, K,) and ↓ نِفْرِيتَةٌ to عِفرِيتَةٌ; (K;) denoting corroboration. (S.) نَفَرٌ A number of men, from three to ten; (S, Msb;) as also ↓ نَفْرٌ and ↓ نَفْرَةٌ and ↓ نَفِيرٌ: (S:) or to seven: (so in a copy of the Msb, [but probably سبعة is a mistake for تسعة nine: this appears likely from what here follows:]) or a number of men less then ten; (Az, T, M, K;) as also ↓ نَفِيرٌ; (K;) and so رَهْطٌ; (Az, T;) and some add, excluding women: (TA:) accord. to Fr, (S,) a man's people or tribe consisting of his nearer relations; as also ↓ نَفْرَةٌ; syn. رَهْطٌ, (S, IAth,) and عَشِيرَةٌ: (IAth:) [see also نَفْرَةٌ:] accord. to Kr, (M,) all the men or people: (M, K:) accord. to Lth, you say, هٰؤُلَآءِ عَشَرَةُ نَفَرٍ, i. e. these are ten men: but one does not say, عِشْرُونَ نَفَرًا, nor more than عَشَرَة: and Abu-l- 'Abbás says, that نَفَرٌ, like قَوْمٌ and رَهْطٌ, has a pl. signification, without any proper sing.; and is applied to men, exclusively of women: (T:) it is a quasi-pl. n.: (TA:) and its pl. is أَنْفَارٌ; (M, K;) occurring in a trad., in the phrase أَحَدٌ مِنْ أَنْفَارِنَا, which IAth explains as meaning any one of our people; syn. قَوْمِنَا: (TA:) and ↓ نَفِيرٌ, occurring, in the accus. case, in the Kur, xvii. 6, is, accord. to Zj, a pl. [or rather quasipl. n.] of نَفَرٌ, like عَبِيدٌ and كَلِيبٌ. (M.) [See also نَفِيرٌ, below.] Imra-el-Keys says, describing a man as an excellent archer, فَهْوَ لَا تَنْمِى رَمِيَّتُهُ مَا لَهُ لَا عُدَّ مِنْ نَفَرِهْ (S,) And he is such that the animal shot by him does not go away after it has been shot and then die. What aileth him? May he be killed, so as not to be numbered among his people. The latter hemistich is a proverb. (Meyd.) The poet here utters an imprecation against the man, but in so doing praises him; as when you say, of a man whose action pleases you, مَا لَهُ قَاتَلَهُ اللّٰهُ and أَخْزَاهُ اللّٰهُ [q. v.]. (S.) The rel. n. is ↓ نَفَرِىٌّ. (Sb, M.) A2: [Accord. to the Msb, it is also a simple subst. from نَفَرَ: and app. as signifying especially Aversion.]

نَفِرٌ: see نِفْرٌ.

نَفْرَةٌ: see نَفِيرٌ. b2: A man's near kinsmen; syn. أُسْرَةٌ (T, K) and فَصِيلَةٌ; (K;) who are angry on account of his anger; (K;) as also ↓ نُفْرَةٌ, mentioned by Sgh and others, (TA,) and ↓ نُفُورةٌ (T. K) and ↓ نَافِرَةٌ (A, * K) and ↓ نَفَرٌ: (T:) and نُفُورَةٌ signifies a man's near kinsmen (أُسْرَة) who go forth with him to war when an event befalls him or oppresses him severely or suddenly. (TA.) You say, جَآءَنَا فِى نَفْرَتِهِ and ↓ نَفَرِهِ, (T, TA,) &c., (TA,) He came to us among his near kinsmen, (T, TA,) &c. (TA.) And, غَلَبَتْ نُفُورَتُنَا نُفُورَتَهُمْ Our near kinsmen overcame their near kinsmen. (T, TA.) See also نَفَرٌ, in two places: and see نَفِيرٌ.

نُفْرَةٌ (Sgh, K) and ↓ نُفَرَةٌ (K) A thing that is hung upon a child for fear of, (K,) or to repel, (Sgh,) the evil eye. (Sgh, K.) A2: See also نَفْرَةٌ.

نَفَرِىٌّ: see نَفَرٌ, last sentence but one.

نِفْرِيَةٌ and نِفْرِيتٌ and نِفْرِيتَةٌ: see نِفْرٌ.

نِفَارٌ a subst. from نَفَرَتِ الدَّابَّةُ. Ex. فِى الدَّابَّةِ نِفَارٌ [In the beast of carriage is a disposition to take fright and run away at random]. (S.) and in like manner, from نَفَرَ said of a wild animal. (Msb.) نَفُورٌ: see نَافِرٌ.

نَفِيرٌ A people hastening to war, or to some other undertaking: an inf. n. used as a subst.: (Msb:) or a people going to execute an affair: (S:) or a people going with one to fight; as also ↓ نَفْرَةٌ [q. v.] and ↓ نَفْرٌ: (M, K:) each is a noun having a pl. signification: (M:) or the first and last signify a company of men: and the pl. of each is أَنْفَارٌ: (M:) or the first, (S,) or all, (K,) a people, (S,) or company, (K,) preceding in an affair: (S, K:) or the first, those of a man's people who go forth with him to war: or it is a pl. [or quasi-pl.] of نَفَرٌ, signifying men assembled to go to the enemy: (Bd, xvii. 6:) or aiders, or assistants. (M.) [See نَفَرٌ, in two places.] You say, جَآءَتْ نَفْرَةُ بَنِى فُلَانٍ, and نَفِيرُهُمْ, The company of the sons of such a one, that came forth to execute an affair, arrived. (S, TA.) نَفِيرُ قُرَيْشٍ means Those of Kureysh who went forth to Bedr to defend the caravan of Aboo-Sufyán, (M,) which was coming from Syria. (T.) Hence the proverb, فُلَانٌ لَا فِى

العِيرِ وَلَا فِى النَّفِيرِ [Such a one is neither in the caravan nor in the company going forth to fight]: applied to him who is not regarded as fit for a difficult undertaking: because none held back from the caravan and the fight except him who was crippled by disease and him in whom was no good; (TA:) or the original words of the proverb are لا فِى العِيرِ وَلَا فِى النَّفِيرِ: and these words were first said by Aboo-Sufyán, with reference to the Benoo-Zuhrah, when he found them turning back towards Mekkeh; and, accord. to As, are applied to a man who is held in low and little repute. (Mgh.) [See also Freytag's Arab. Prov., ii. 500.]

نُفُورَةٌ: see نَفْرَةٌ, in three places.

نُفَارِيَةٌ: see نِفْرٌ.

نَافِرٌ [and ↓ نَفُورٌ] and ↓ مُسْتَنْفِرٌ signify the same; [i. e., Taking fright, and fleeing, or running away at random: or being, or becoming, impatient, of or at a thing, and retiring to a distance: or fleeing, and going away or aside or apart or to a distance: or the second, being of an intensive form, signifies, as also ↓ يَنْفُورٌ, that does so much or often; or wont or apt to do so:] (TA:) and نَفْرٌ is a pl. of نَافِرٌ, (K,) or [rather] a quasi-pl., like as صَحْبٌ is of صَاحِبٌ, and زَوْرٌ of زَائِرٌ. (M.) You say, دَابَّةٌ نَافِرٌ, and ↓ نَفُورٌ, [A beast that takes fright and runs away at random: &c.:] (M, K:) accord. to IAar, one should not say نَافِرَةٌ (M) [unless using it as an epithet applied to a broken pl. of a subst., as will be seen below]. It is said in a proverb, ↓ كُلُّ أَزَبَّ نَفُورٌ [Every one, of camels, that is hairy on the face is wont to take fright and run away at random: see art. زب]. (M.) You say also ↓ ظَبْىٌ يَنْفُورٌ, (M, K, *) in some copies of the K, نيفور, (TA,) A gazelle that takes fright and flees much or often; or that is wont to do so. (M, K. *) And it is said in the Kur, [lxxiv. 51,] فَرَّتْ مِنْ ↓ كَأَنَّهُمْ حُمُرٌ مُسْتَنْفِرَةٌ قَسْوَرَةٍ, i. e., نَافِرَةٌ, [As though they were asses taking fright and running away at random, that have fled from a lion:] and (accord. to one reading, T) ↓ مُسْتَنْفَرَةٌ, (T, S,) meaning, made to take fright and run away at random; (T;) or frightened, or scared. (S.) b2: أَنَا نَافِرٌ مِنْ هٰذَا الامر (tropical:) I shrink from this thing or affair; am averse from it; do not like or approve it. and هِىَ نَافِرَةٌ مِنْ زَوْجِهَا (tropical:) [She is averse from her husband; she shuns or avoids him]. (A.) نَوْفَرٌ: see art. نيلوفر.

نَافِرَةٌ: see نَفْرَةٌ.

مُنَفِّرٌ act. part. n. of 2, q. v. b2: (assumed tropical:) One who encounters people with roughness and violence [and that which incites them to flight or aversion: see 2]. (TA, from a trad.) مُسْتَنْفِرٌ: see نَافِرٌ; the first and third in two places.

مُسْتَنْفَرٌ: see نَافِرٌ; the first and third in two places.

يَنْفُورٌ: see نَافِرٌ; the first and third in two places.

حور

1 حَارَ, aor. ـُ (S,) inf. n. حَوْرٌ and حُؤُورٌ (S, K) and حُورٌ, a contraction of the form next preceding, used in poetry, in case of necessity, (TA,) and مَحَارٌ (S, K) and مَحَارَةٌ (K) and حَوْرَةٌ, (TA,) He, or it, returned, (S, L, K,) إِلَى شَىْءٍ

to a thing, and عَنْهُ from it. (L.) b2: [Hence,] حار عَلَيْهِ It (a false imputation) returned to him [who was its author; or recoiled upon him]. (TA, from a trad.) b3: And حَارَتِ الغُصَّةُ The thing sticking in the throat, and choking, descended; as though it returned from its place. (TA.) b4: [And حار, inf. n. حَوْرٌ and حُورٌ, He returned from a good state to a bad.] You say, حار بَعْدَ مَا كَانَ (TA on the authority of 'Ásim, and so in a copy of the S,) He returned from a good state after he had been in that state: (A 'Obeyd, S, * TA:) so says 'Asim: (TA:) or حار بعد ما كَارَ (TA, and so in copies of the S,) He became in a state of defectiveness after he had been in a state of redundance: (TA:) or it is from حار, inf. n. حَوْرٌ, He untwisted his turban: (Zj, TA:) and means (assumed tropical:) He became in a bad state of affairs after he had been in a good state. (TA. [See حَوْرٌ, below.]) b5: حَارَ وَبَارَ He became in a defective and bad state. (TA. [Here بار is an imitative sequent; (see حَائِرٌ;) as is also يَبُورُ in a phrase mentioned below.]) b6: حار, aor. as above, (Msb,) inf n.

حَوْرٌ (S, A, Msb, K) and حُورٌ (S, A, K) and مَحَارَةٌ (S) and مَحَارٌ, (M and TA in art. اول,) It decreased, or became defective or deficient. (S, * A, * Msb, K. * [See also حَوْرٌ, below.]) b7: Also, inf. n. حَوْرٌ (TA) and حُورٌ, (S, K,) He perished, or died. (S, * K, * TA.) b8: Also, aor. ـُ inf. n. حَوْرٌ, He, or it, became changed from one state, or condition, into another: and it became converted into another thing. (TA.) b9: مَا يَحُورُ فُلَانٌ وَلَا يَبُورُ Such a one does not increase nor become augmented [in his substance] (Ibn-Háni, K *) is said when a person's being afflicted with smallness of increase is confirmed. (Ibn-Háni, TA.) A2: حار, (TK,) inf. n. حَوْرٌ, (K,) He was, or became, confounded, or perplexed, and unable to see his right course; syn. تَحَيَّرَ. (K, * TK.) [See also art. حير.]

A3: See also 2.

A4: حَوِرَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. حَوَرٌ; (K;) and حَوِرَتْ, aor. and inf. n. as above; (Msb;) and ↓ احوّر, (K,) inf. n. اِحْوِرَارٌ; (TA;) and احوّرت; (S, K; *) He, (a man, K, TA,) and it, (an eye, S, Msb, K, * TA,) was, or became, characterized by the quality termed حَوَرٌ as explained below. (S, Msb, K, TA.) 2 حوّرهُ, inf. n. تَحْوِيرٌ, He made him, or it, to return. (Zj, K.) b2: He (God) denied him, or prohibited him from attaining, what he desired, or sought; disappointed him; frustrated his endeavour, or hope; (K, TA;) and caused him to return to a state of defectiveness. (TA.) A2: حوّر, inf. n. as above, He whitened clothes, or garments, (S, Msb,) and wheat, or food: (S:) and ↓ حار, (K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. حَوْرٌ, (TA,) he washed and whitened a garment, or piece of cloth; (K;) but حوّر is better known in this sense. (TA.) b2: حوّر عَيْنَ البَعِيرِ, (inf. n. as above, TA,) He burned a mark round the eye of the camel with a circular cauterizing-instrument, (S, K, *) on account of a disorder: because the place becomes white. (TA.) A3: [He prepared skins such as are called حَوَرٌ: a meaning indicated, but not expressed, in the TA. b2: And app. He lined a boot with such skin: see مُحَوَّرٌ.]

A4: Also, (inf. n. as above, TA,) He prepared a lump of dough, and made it round, (S, K,) with a مِحْوَر, (TA,) to put it into the hole containing hot ashes in which it was to be baked: (S, K:) he made it round with a مِحْوَر. (A.) 3 حاورهُ, (A, Mgh, Msb,) and حاورهُ الكَلَامَ, (TA in art. رجع, &c.,) inf. n. مُحَاوَرَةٌ (S, Mgh, K) and حِوَارٌ, (A, Mgh,) He returned him answer for answer, or answers for answers; held a dialogue, colloquy, conference, disputation, or debate, with him; or bandied words with him; syn. جَاوَبَهُ, (S, and Jel in xviii. 35,) and رَاجَعَهُ الكَلَامَ, (A, Mgh, Msb,) or رَاجَعَهُ فِى الكَلَامِ, (Bd in xviii. 32,) or, of the inf. n., مُرَاجَعَةُ النُّطْقِ. (K.) And حاورهُ He vied, or competed, with him, or contended with him for superiority, in glorying, or boasting, or the like; syn. فَاخَرَهُ. (Jel. in xviii. 32.) 4 احار [He returned a thing]. You say, طَحَنَتْ فَمَا أَحَارَتْ شَيْئًا She ground, and did not return (مَا رَدَّتْ) anything of the flour [app. for the loan of the hand-mill: see حُورٌ, below]. (S, K.) b2: احار الغُصَّةَ He swallowed the thing sticking in his throat and choking him; [as though he returned it from its place: see 1: see also 4 in art. حير: and see an ex. voce إِحَارَةٌ.] (TA.) And فُلَانٌ سَرِيعُ الإِحَارَةِ Such a one is quick in swallowing: [said to be] from what next follows. (Meyd, TA.) b3: احار, (S, K, &c.,) inf. n. إِحَارَةٌ, (TA,) He returned an answer, or a reply. (Msb, TA.) You say, كَلَّمْتُهُ فَمَا أَحَارَ إِلَىَّ جَوَابًا I spoke to him, and he did not return to me an answer, or a reply. (S, A, * Msb, * K, *) And in like manner, مَا أَحَارَ بِكَلِمَةِ [He did not return a word in answer, or in reply]. (TA.) A2: احارت She (a camel) had a young one such as is called حُوَار. (K.) 6 تحاوروا, (Msb, K, &c.,) inf. n. تَحَاوُرٌ, (S, K,) They returned one another answer for answer, or answers for answers; held a dialogue, colloquy, conference, disputation, or debate, one with another; or bandied words, one with another; syn. تَجَاوَبُوا, (S, K,) and تَرَاجَعُوا, (Jel in lviii. & ا,) or تَرَاجَعُوا الكَلَامَ, (Msb, K,) or تَرَاجَعُوا فِى الكَلَامِ. (Bd in lviii. 1.) [And They vied, or competed, or contended for superiority, one with another, in glorying, or boasting, or the like: see 3.]9 احوّر, (S, K, &c.,) inf. n. اِحْوِرَارٌ, (K,) It (a thing, S, Msb, and the body, TA, and the part around the eye, A, and bread, S, or some other thing, TA) was, or became, white. (S, A, Msb, K.) b2: See also 1, last sentence.10 استحارهُ He desired him to speak [or to return an answer or a reply; he interrogated him]. (S, K.) And استحار الدَّارَ He desired the house to speak [to him; he interrogated the house; as a lover does in addressing the house in which the object of his love has dwelt]. (IAar.) حَوْرٌ inf. n. of حَارَ. (S, A, Msb, K.) [Hence,] نَعُوذُ بِاللّٰهِ مِنَ الحَوْرِ بَعْدَ الكَوْنِ, (TA on the authority of 'Ásim, and so in a copy of the S,) a trad., (TA,) meaning We have recourse to God for preservation from decrease, or defectiveness, after increase, or redundance: (S:) or مِنَ الحَوْرِ بَعْدَ الكَوْرِ, (TA, and so in copies of the S,) meaning as above: (S, TA:) or (assumed tropical:) from a bad state of affairs after a good state; from حَوْرٌ signifying the “ untwisting ” a turban: (TA:) or from returning and departing from the community [of the faithful] after having been therein; [from حَارَ “ he untwisted ” his turban, and] from كَارَ “ he twisted ” his turban upon his head. (Zj, TA. [See also كَوْرٌ.]) ↓ فِى مَحَارَةٍ ↓ حُورٌ, (S, K,) and حَوْرٌ, (K,) Deficiency upon deficiency, (S, K,) and return upon return, (TA,) is a prov., applied to him whose good fortune is retiring; (S, K;) or to him who is not in a good state; or to him who has been in a good state and has become in a bad state: (K:) or the saying is, ↓ فُلَانٌ حَوْرٌ فِى مَحَارَةٍ [Such a one is suffering deficiency upon deficiency: حَوْرٌ being used in the sense of حَائِرٌ, like بَوْرٌ in the sense of بَائِرٌ]: so heard by IAar; and said by him to be applied in the case of a thing not in a good state; or to him who has been in a good state and has become in a bad state. (TA.) One says also, البَاطِلُ فِى

حَوْرٍ What is false, or vain, is waning and retreating. (TA.) And وَبُورٍ ↓ إِنَّهُ فِى حُورٍ, (K,) or حُورٍ بُورٍ, (K in art. حير,) Verily he is engaged in that which is not a skilful nor a good work or performance: (فِى غَيْرِ صَنْعَةٍ وَلَا إِجَادَةٍ: so in the L: in the K, for احادة is put إِتَاوَةٍ [which is evidently a mistake]: TA:) or he is in a bad state, and a state of perdition: (TA in art. حير:) or in error. (K. [See also بُورٌ: and see بَائِرٌ, in art. بور; where it is implied that بور is here an imitative sequent of حور.]) And ذَهَبَ فُلَانٌ فِى

وَالبَوَارُ ↓ الحَوَارِ Such a one went away in a defective and bad state. (L, TA.) b2: See also حَوِيرٌ.

A2: What is beneath the [part called] كَوْرٌ of a turban. (K.) A3: The bottom of a well or the like. (K.) b2: Hence, (TA,) هُوَ بَعِيدُ الحَوْرِ (assumed tropical:) He is intelligent; (K;) deep in penetration. (TA.) حُورٌ: see حَوْرٌ, in two places.

A2: Also [app. A return of flour for the loan of a hand-mill; like عُقْبَةٌ (a subst. from أَعْقَبَ) signifying some broth which is returned with a borrowed cooking-pot:] a subst. from احارت in the phrase طَحَنَتْ فَمَا

أَحَارَتْ شَيْئًا [q. v. suprà]. (S, K.) حَوَرٌ Intense whiteness of the white of the eye and intense blackness of the black thereof, (S, Msb, K,) with intense whiteness, or fairness, of the rest of the person: (K:) or intense whiteness of the white of the eye and intense blackness of the black thereof, with roundness of the black, and thinness of the eyelids, and whiteness, or fairness, of the parts around them: (K:) or blackness of the whole [of what appears] of the eye, as in the eyes of gazelles (AA, S, Msb, K) and of bulls and cows: (AA, S:) and this is not found in human beings, but is attributed to them by way of comparison: (AA, S, Msb, K:) As says, I know not what is الحَوَرُ in the eye. (S.) b2: Also [simply] Whiteness. (A.) A2: Red skins, with which [baskets of the kind called] سِلَال are covered: (S, K:) [a coll. gen. n.:] n. un. with ة: (S:) pl. حُورَانٌ: (K, TA: in the CK حَوَرانٌ:) or (so in the TA, but in the K “ and ”) a hide dyed red: (K, TA:) or red skins, not [such as are termed] قَرَظِيَّة: pl. أَحْوَارٌ: (AHn:) or skins tanned without قَرَظ: or thin white skins, of which [receptacles of the kind called] أَسْفَاط are made: or prepared sheep-skins. (TA.) [In the present day, pronounced حَوْر, applied to Sheep-skin leather.]

A3: A certain kind of tree: the people of Syria apply the name of حَوْرٌ to the plane-tree (دُلْب); but it is حَوَرٌ, with two fet-hahs: in the account of simples in the Kánoon [of Ibn-Seenà], it is said to be a certain tree of which the gum is called كهرباء: (Mgh:) [by the modern Egyptians (pronounced حَوْر) applied to the white poplar:] a certain kind of wood, called البَيْضَآءُ, (K,) because of its whiteness. (TA.) A4: الحَوَرُ The third star, [e,] that next the body, of the three in the tail of Ursa Major. (Mir-át ez-Zemán, &c. [In the K it is incorrectly said to be the third star of بَنَاتُ نَعْشٍ الصُّغْرَى. See القَائِدُ, in art. قود.]) حَارَةٌ [A quarter of a city or town; generally consisting of several narrow streets, or lanes, of houses, and having but one general entrance, with a gate, which is closed at night; or, which is the case in some instances, having a by-street passing through it, with a gate at each end:] a place of abode of a people, whereof the houses are contiguous: (Msb:) any place of abode of a people whereof the houses are near [together]: (K in art. حير:) a spacious encompassed tract or place; syn. مُسْتَدَارٌ مِنْ فَضَآءٍ: (A:) pl. حَارَاتٌ. (A, Msb.) حِيرَةٌ: see حَوِيرٌ.

حَوْرَآءُ fem. of أَحْوَرُ [q. v.]. b2: Also A round, or circular, burn, made with a hot iron; (K;) [around the eye of a camel; (see 2;)] so called because its place becomes white. (TA.) حَوَرْوَرَةٌ: see حَوَارِيَّةٌ, under حَوَارِىٌّ.

حَوَارٌ: see حَوِيرٌ: A2: and see حَوْرٌ.

حُوَارٌ, (S, K, &c.,) and sometimes with kesr [↓ حِوَارٌ], (K,) but this latter is a bad form, (Yaakoob,) A young camel when just born: (T, K:) or until weaned; (S, K;) i. e. from the time of its birth until big and weaned; (TA;) when it is called فَصِيلٌ: (S:) fem. with ة: (IAar:) pl. (of pauc., S) أَحْوِرَةٌ and (of mult., S) حِيرَانٌ and حُورَانٌ. (S, K.) [Its flesh is insipid: see a verse cited as an ex. of the word مَسِيخٌ.]

b2: [Hence,] عَقْرَبُ الحِيرَانِ The scorpion of winter; because it injures the حُوَار, (K, TA,) i. e. the young camel. (TA.) حِوَارٌ: see حَوِيرٌ: A2: and see also حُوَارٌ.

حَوِيرٌ (S, K,) and ↓ حَوِيرَةٌ, (S, and so in some copies of the K,) or ↓ حُوَيْرَةٌ, (so in other copies of the K and in the TA,) and ↓ حَوَارٌ (S, K) and ↓ حِوَارٌ (K) and ↓ مَحُورَةٌ (S, K, TA, in the CK مَحْوُرَةٌ) and ↓ مَحْوَرَةٌ and ↓ مُحَاوَرَةٌ [originally an inf. n. of 3] and ↓ حِيرَةٌ (K) and ↓ حَوْرٌ, (TA,) An answer; a reply. (S, K.) You say, مَا رَجَعَ إِلَىَّ حَوِيرًا, &c., He did not return to me an answer, or a reply. (S.) [See a verse of Tarafeh cited voce مُجْمِدٌ.]

حَوِيرَةٌ, or حُوَيْرَةٌ: see what next precedes.

حَوَارِىٌّ One who whitens clothes, or garments, by washing and beating them. (S, M, Msb, K.) Hence its pl. حَوَارِيُّونَ is applied to The companions [i. e. apostles and disciples] of Jesus, because their trade was to do this. (S, M, Msb.) [Or it is so applied from its bearing some one or another of the following significations.] b2: One who is freed and cleared from every vice, fault, or defect: [or] one who has been tried, or proved, time after time, and found to be free from vices, faults, or defects; from حَارَ “ he returned. ” (Zj, TA.) b3: A thing that is pure, or unsullied: anything of a pure, or an unsullied, colour: and hence, b4: One who advises, or counsels, or acts, sincerely, honestly, or faithfully: (Sh:) or a friend; or true, or sincere, friend: (TA:) or an assistant: (S, Msb, K:) or a strenuous assistant: (TA:) or an assistant of prophets: (K:) or a particular and select friend and assistant of a prophet: and hence the pl. is applied to the companions of Mohammad also. (Zj.) b5: A relation. (K.) b6: And حَوَارِيَّةٌ A white, or fair, woman; (A;) as also ↓ حَوَرْوَرَةٌ; (T, K;) and so ↓ حَوْرَآءُ, without implying حَوَرٌ of the eye: (TA:) pl. of the first حَوَارِيَّاتٌ: (A:) or this pl. signifies women of the cities or towns; (K;) so called by the Arabs of the desert because of their whiteness, or fairness, and cleanness: (TA:) or women clear in complexion and skin; because of their whiteness, or fairness: (TA:) or women inhabitants of regions, districts, or tracts, of cities, towns, or villages, and of cultivated land: (Ksh and Bd in iii. 45:) or [simply] women; because of their whiteness, or fairness. (S.) حُوَّارَى White, applied to flour: (A, * K:) such is the best and purest of flour: (K, TA:) and in like manner applied to bread: (A:) or whitened, applied to flour; (S;) and, in this latter sense, to any food. (S, K.) [See also سَمِيدٌ: and see مُحَوَّرٌ.]

رَجُلٌ حَائِرٌ بَائِرٌ A man in a defective and bad state: (S, TA:) or perishing, or dying. (S.) [See the same phrase in art. حير: see also حَوْرٌ: and see بَائِرٌ, in art. بور; where it is said that بائر is here an imitative sequent of حائر.]

A2: See also مَحَارَةٌ.

أَحْوَرُ, (K,) applied to a man, (TA,) Having eyes characterized by the quality termed حَوَرٌ as explained above: (K:) and so حَوْرَآءُ, [the fem.,] applied to a woman: (S, Msb, K: *) pl. حُورٌ. (S, K.) And حُورُ العِينِ, applied to women, Having eyes like those of gazelles and of cows. (AA, S.) Az says that a woman is not termed حَوْرَآء unless Combining حَوَر of the eyes with whiteness, or fairness, of complexion. (TA.) See also حَوَارِيَّةٌ, under حَوَارِىٌّ. b2: طَرْفٌ أَحْوَرُ An eye of pure white and black. (A.) b3: الأَحْوَرُ A certain star: (S, K:) or (K) Jupiter. (S, K.) A2: Also (tropical:) Intellect: (ISk, S, K:) or pure, or clear, intellect; like an eye so termed, of pure white and black. (A.) So in the saying, مَا يَعِيشُ بُأَحْوَرَ (tropical:) [He does not live by intellect: or by pure, or clear, intellect]. (ISk, S, A.) أَحْوَرِىٌّ A man (TA) white, or fair, (S, K,) of the people of the towns or villages. (TA.) [See also حَوَارِىٌّ; of which the fem. is applied in like manner to a woman.]

مَحَارٌ: see مَحَارَةٌ, in two places.

مِحْوَرٌ The pin of wood, or, as is sometimes the case, of iron, on which the sheave of a pulley turns; (S;) the iron [pin] that unites the bent piece of iron which is on each side of the sheave of a pulley, and in which it [the محور] is inserted, and the sheave itself: and a piece of wood which unites (تَجْمَعُ) the sheave of a large pulley [app. with what is on each side of the latter; for it seems to mean here, also, the pivot]: (K:) some say that it is so called because it turns round, returning to the point from which it departed: others, that it is so called because, by its revolving, it is polished so that it becomes white: (Zj:) pl. مَحَاوِرُ. (A.) One says, قَلِقَتْ مَحَاوِرُهُ, meaning (tropical:) His circumstances, (A,) or affair, or case, (K,) became unsettled: (A, K:) from the state of the pin of the sheave of a pulley when it becomes smooth, and the hole becomes large, so that it wabbles. (A.) b2: Also A thing (K) of iron (TA) upon which turns the tongue of a buckle at the end of a waist-belt. (K.) b3: and An iron instrument for cauterizing [app. of a circular form: see 2]. (K.) b4: And The wooden implement (S, K) of the baker, or maker of bread, (S,) with which he expands the dough, (K,) and prepares it, and makes it round, to put it into the hot ashes in which it is baked: (TA:) so called because of its turning round upon the dough, as being likened to the محور of the sheave of a pulley, and because of its roundness. (T.) مَحَارَةٌ: see حَوْرٌ, in two places.

A2: Also A place that returns [like a circle]: or in which a return is made [to the point of commencement]. (K.) b2: A mother-of-pearl shell; an oyster-shell: (S, IAth, Msb, K:) or the like thereof, of bone: (S, K:) pl. مَحَاوِرُ and [coll. gen. n.] ↓ مَحَارٌ. (L.) b3: And hence, A thing in which water is collected; as also ↓ حَائِرٌ. (IAth.) b4: [Hence also,] An oyster [itself]; expl. by دَابَّةٌ فِى الصَّدَفَيْنِ. (L in art. محر.) b5: The cavity of the ear; (K;) i. e. the external, deep, and wide, cavity, around the ear-hole; or the صَدَفَة [or concha] of the ear. (TA.) b6: The part of the shoulder-blade called its مَرْجِع [q. v.]: (S, K:) or the small round hollow that is in that part of the shoulder-blade in which the head of the humerus turns. (TA.) b7: The small round cavity of the hip: and the dual signifies the two round heads [?] of the hips, in which the heads of the thighs turn. (TA.) b8: The palate; syn. حَنَكٌ: and without ة, i. e. ↓ مَحَارٌ, the same, of a man: and, this latter, the place, in a beast, where the farrier performs the operation termed تَحْنِيكٌ: (TA:) or the former signifies the upper part of the mouth of a horse, internally: (IAar, TA:) or the inner part of the palate: (Abu-l-' Omeythil, TA:) or, [which seems to be the same,] the portion of the upper part of the mouth which is behind the فِرَاشَة [or فِرَاش]: and the passage of the breath to the innermost parts of the nose: (TA:) or مَحَارَةُ الحَنَكِ signifies the part [of the palate] which is a little above the place where the farrier performs the operation termed تحنيك. (S.) b9: The part between the frog and the extremity of the fore part of a solid hoof. (Abu-l-' Omeythil, K.) What is beneath the إِطَار [q. v., app. here meaning the اطار of the hoof of a horse or the like]. (TA.) And The مَنْسِم [i. e. toe, or nail, &c.,] of a camel. (TA.) A3: A thing resembling [the kind of vehicle called] a هَوْدَج; (K;) pronounced by the vulgar [مَحَارَّة,] with teshdeed: pl. مَحَارْاتٌ (TA) [and مَحَائِرُ, which is often applied in the present day to the dorsers, or panniers, or oblong chests, which are borne, one on either side, by a camel, and, with a small tent over them, compose a هودج]: the [ornamented هودج called the]

مَحْمِل [vulgarly pronounced مَحْمَل] of the pilgrims [which is borne by a camel, but without a rider, and is regarded as the royal banner of the caravan; such as is described and figured in my work on the Modern Egyptians]. (Msb.) A4: I. q. خَطٌّ [A line, &c.]. (K.) b2: And i. q. نَاحِيَةٌ [A side, region, quarter, tract, &c.]. (K.) مَحُورَةٌ and مَحْوَرَةٌ: see حَوِيرٌ.

مُحْوَرُّ القِدْرِ The whiteness of the froth, or of the scum, of the cooking-pot. (S.) b2: جَفْنَةٌ مُحْوَرَّةٌ, [in the copies of the K, erroneously, مُحَوَّرَةٌ,] A bowl whitened by [containing] camel's hump, (S, L, K,) or its fat. (A.) مُحَوَّرٌ Dough of which the surface has been moistened with water, so that it is shining. (TA.) [See also 2.] b2: أَعْيُنٌ مُحَوَّرَاتٌ, in a verse of El-'Ajjáj, Eyes of a clear white [in the white parts] and intensely black in the black parts. (S.) A2: A boot lined with skin of the kind called حَوَرٌ. (K.) مُحَوِّرٌ A possessor of [flour, or bread, such as is termed] حُوَّارَى. (TA.) مُحَاوَرَةٌ: see حَوِيرٌ.

فرط

1 فَرَطَ, (O, K,) aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. فُرُوطٌ, (K,) He (a man, TA) preceded; went before; was, or became, before, beforehand, first, or foremost; had, or got, priority, or precedence; (O, K, TA;) as also فَرِطَ, aor. ـَ [inf. n. فَرَطٌ; which is therefore used as an epithet applied to one and to more;] (O, TA;) and so ↓ افترط, in the phrase افترط إِلَيْهِ فِى هٰذَا الأَمْرِ [He was foremost in attaining to him in this affair]. (TA.) [See مُفْتَرِطٌ.] b2: فَرَطَ القَوْمَ, (S, O, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. ـُ (S, Msb,) or ـِ (K,) inf. n. فَرْطٌ, (S,) or فُرُوطٌ, (Msb,) or both, (O,) or the former and فَرَاطَةٌ, (M, K,) He preceded, or went before, the people, or company of men, (S, M, O, Msb, K,) to the water, (S, O,) or in search of water, (Msb,) or to come to water, (M, K,) for the purpose of preparing the buckets and ropes, (Msb,) or for the purpose of putting into a right state the watering-trough (M, K) and ropes (M, O) and buckets, (M, O, K,) i. e. to prepare these for them. (TA.) [See also 5.] b3: An Arab of the desert said to El-Hasan, عَلِّمْنِى دِينًا وَسُوطًا لَا ذَاهِبًا فُرُوطًا وَلَا سَاقِطًا سُقُوطًا, meaning Teach thou me a religion of the middle sort, not passing beyond the due mean, nor falling short of it. (TA.) b4: فَرَطَ مِنْهُ It proceeded from him hastily, before reflection, or without premeditation; [as thought it preceded his judgment;] syn. بَدَرَ, and سَبَقَ, and تَقَدَّمَ. (TA.) [See 3.] Yousay, فَرَطَ مِنْهُ كَلَامٌ, aor. ـُ Speech proceeded from him hastily, before reflection, or without premeditation; syn. سَبَقَ, and تَقَدَّمَ. (Msb.) And فَرَطَ

إِلَيْهِ مِنِّى قَوْلٌ A saying proceeded to him from me hastily, before reflection, or without premeditation; syn. سَبَقَ. (S.) And in like manner you say of an evil action. (TA.) b5: فَرَطَ عَلَيْهِ He hasted to do him an evil action: (O, TA:) he acted hastily and unjustly towards him. (S, O, TA.) Hence, in the Kur [xx. 47], إِنَّا نَخَافُ أَنْ يَفْرُطَ عَلَيْنَا Verily we fear that he may act hastily and unjustly towards us: (S:) or that he may hastily do to us an evil action: (Ibn-'Arafeh, O:) or that he may hasten to punish us. (Fr, Bd, O, Jel.) [See also 4.] فَرَطَ عَلَيْهِ also signifies He did to him what was disagreeable, or hateful, or evil; he annoyed him. (TA.) And فَرَطَ, inf. n. فُرُوطٌ, He reviled. (IKtt.) You say also فَرَطَ عَلَيْهِ فِى

القَوْلِ: see 4, latter half. b6: فَرَطَ فِيهِ: see 2, near the middle. b7: فَرَطَ فِى حَوْضِهِ: see 4, last sentence but one. b8: فَرَطَتِ النَّخْلَةُ The palm-tree was left without being fecundated until its spadix became dry and hard (عَسَا, in the CK عَشا, and in the O يَعْسُو). (O, K, * TA.) b9: And فَرَطَتِ البِئْرُ The well was left until its water had collected again. (Sh, TA.) A2: فَرَطَ إِلَيْهِ رَسُولَهُ: see 2. b2: فَرَطَ وُلْدًا, or وَلَدًا, and فَرَطَ وَلَدَهُ: see 4.2 فرّطهُ, inf. n. تَفْرِيطٌ, He, or it, made him to precede; to be, or become, before, beforehand, first, or foremost; to have, or get, priority, or precedence; (TA;) as also ↓ افرطهُ. (O, TA.) b2: He emboldened him, in contention, or altercation; as also ↓ افرطهُ. (TA.) فرّط إِلَيْهِ رَسُولًا, (IDrd, O, K,) inf. n. as above, (IDrd,) He sent to him a messenger (IDrd, O, K) among his particular, or special, friends; sent him forward, or in advance, to him: (IDrd, O:) or he made him his deputy in a litigation: (O:) and رَسُولًا ↓ افرط he sent a messenger specially and expressly respecting his needful affairs: (IAar, O, L, K: *) and إِلَيْهِ رَسُولَهُ ↓ فَرَطَ he sent forward, or in advance, his messenger to him, and hastened him: (K, TA: [in the CK, instead of وَأَعْجَلَهُ, we find واَرْسَلَهُ:]) but [SM says,] I do not find this last form mentioned by any of the leading authorities. (TA.) b3: فرّطهُ also signifies He sent it before, remaining behind it: or he quitted it, and sent it before: (TA:) he left it, and quitted it: (S:) he left him; (AA;) as also ↓ افرطهُ: (Ks, S:) he left him, and became behind him; as also ↓ افرطهُ: (TA:) he left him, and went before him: (S, O, K:) and ↓ افرطهُ [has a similar meaning,] he left him behind, and forgot him: (Fr:) and he forgot it, namely a thing, or an affair: (K:) فِرَاطٌ, also, [inf. n. of ↓ فارط,] signifies the act of leaving: (TA:) and فرّط عَنْهُ he left, forsook, or relinquished, him, or it; or he abstained, or desisted, from it: (TA:) and فرّط فِيهِ he neglected it; and preferred backwardness (قَدَّمَ العَجْزِ) in it, or with respect to it; and failed, or fell short, of doing what he ought, or flagged, or was remiss, with respect to it; as also فرّطهُ; (K; [but accord. to the TA, only the former of these two phrases signifies “ he failed of doing what he ought,” &c.;]) or simply he neglected it; (ISd, TA;) or he failed of doing what he ought, or flagged, or was remiss, with respect to it, and neglected it, (S, O, Msb,) so that it escaped him; (S, O;) as also فيه ↓ فَرَطَ, (S, O, K, * [in the K, the words rendered “ so that it escaped him ” are omitted,]) aor. ـُ (S, O,) inf. n. فَرْطٌ: (S, O, K:) and فرّط alone, he flagged, or was remiss; was lazy, or indolent: (TA:) its second Pers\. sing. is used in cautioning a man against a thing before him, or in commanding him to go forward, or to advance; and is intransitive. (Sb, TA.) Sakhr-el-Gheí says, ذٰلِكَ بَزِّى فَلَنْ أُفَرِّطَهُ

أَخَافُ أَنْ يُنْجِزُوا الَّذِى وَعَدُوا That is my weapon, and I will not send it before, remaining behind it: [I fear lest they perform that which they have threatened:] or I will not quit it, nor send it before: or I will not be behind it: (TA:) or I will not neglect it. (ISd, TA.) And Sá'ideh Ibn-Ju-eiyeh says, مَعَهُ سِقَآءٌ لَا يُفَرِّطُ حَمْلَهُ With him is a skin, the carrying of which he will not leave, nor quit. (S.) You say also, فَرَّطْتُكَ فِى

كَذَا وَ كَذَا I left thee in such and such [a state, &c.]: (AA, O:) and مِنَ القَوْمِ أَحَدًا ↓ أَفْرَطْتُ I did not leave, of the people, or company of men, any one. (Ks, S, O.) And فرّط فِى جَنْبِ اللّٰهِ He neglected the things of God, and did them not: (TA:) or the command of God. (O, TA.) [See also art. جنب.] And it is said in a trad., لَيْسَ فِى النَّوْمِ تَفْرِيطٌ إِنَّمَا التَّفْرِيطُ أَنْ لَا يَصْحَى حَتَّى

يَدْخُلَ وَقْتُ الأُخْرَى [There is no falling short of one's duty in sleeping: the falling short of one's duty is only the not awaking until the time of the other (prayer) commences]. (TA.) b4: Also He let him alone, or left him, for a while; or granted him a delay, or respite; [and so ↓ فارطهُ; for]

أَطَلْتُ فِرَاطَهُمْ means I long let them alone, or left them, or granted them delay or respite. (TA.) b5: You say also, فرّط اللّٰه عَنْهُ مَا يَكْرَهُ God put away, or removed, or averted, from him what he dislikes, or hates: (Kh, S, O, K:) but this expression is seldom used except in poetry. (S, O.) A2: فرّطهُ, (O, K,) inf. n. تَفْرِيطٌ, (TA,) also signifies He praised him immoderately; (O, K, TA;) like قرّظهُ: (O, TA:) Sgh has expressed, in the TS, his fear that the former may be a mistranscription for the latter; but seems to have afterwards conceded the correctness of the former, from his mention of it in the O. (TA.) 3 فَارَطَهُمْ, (S, O, * K, * in the O and K فارطهُ,) inf. n. مُفَارَطَةٌ and فِرَاطٌ, (S,) He vied, or strove, with them, to precede them; to outgo, or outstrip, them; to get before them. (S, O, * K. *) b2: تَكَلَّمَ فِرَاطًا, (S, O, Msb, K,) the latter word being an inf. n. of فارط, (TA,) He spoke hastily; without premeditation; expl. by سَبَقَتْ مِنْهُ كَلِمَةٌ; (S, O, K;) he let fall hasty, or unpremeditated, sayings or expressions; expl. by سَقَطَ مِنْهُ بَوَادِرُ. (Msb.) b3: See also 2, in two places: b4: and see 6. b5: فارطهُ also signifies He found him; syn. أَلْفَاهُ and صَادَفَهُ: (O, K, TA:) and so فالطهُ and لافطهُ. (TA.) 4 أَفْرَطَ see 2, in seven places. b2: أَفْرَطَتْ أَوْلَادًا, (S, O,) or اولادا ↓ افترطت, (TA,) said of a woman, She sent children before her [to Paradise, by their dying in infancy]; syn. قَدَّمَتْهُمْ: (S, O, TA:) and اولادا ↓ افترط, said of a man, in like manner signifies قَدَّمَهُمْ. (TA.) And you say also, ↓ فَرَطَ وَلَدَهُ He was preceded by his child to Paradise. (IKtt.) And وُلْدًا ↓ فَرَطَ, (K, TA,) or وَلَدًا, (CK,) He lost children by their dying young: (K, TA;) as though they preceded him to Paradise; (TA;) and so فَرَطًا ↓ افترط; (Msb;) and وَلَدًا ↓ افترط; which also signifies he lost a young child by death: (TA:) or the last of these phrases, (K,) or the last but one, (S, O,) signifies he lost his child, or children, (K,) or a young child, (S, O,) by death before attaining to puberty. (S, O, K.) [See اِحْتَسَبَ.] And الوَلَدُ ↓ اُفْتُرِطَ The child's death was hastened; or was made to happen early. (Th.) b3: افرطهُ He hastened him; or made him to hasten. (S, O.) And you say also, السَّحَابَةً

تُفْرِطُ المَآءَ (assumed tropical:) The cloud hastens and forwards the water in the beginning of the [autumnal rain called] وَسْمِىّ. (TA.) And افرطت السَّحَابَةُ بِالوَسْمِيِّ (tropical:) The cloud hastened with the [rain called] وَسْمِىّ. (S, O, and the like is said in the K.) And افرط بِيَدِهِ إِلَى سَيْفِهِ لِيَسْتَلَّهُ He put his hand hastily to his sword to draw it forth. (IAar, O, K.) And افرط [alone] He hastened with an affair. (K, * TA.) And He advanced, or went forward, before tarrying, or waiting, or pausing, فِى الأَمْرِ in the affair. (TA.) b4: افرط also [very frequently] signifies He exceeded the due bounds, or just limits; or acted extravagantly, or immoderately; (S, O, Msb, K, TA;) فِى الأَمْرِ in the affair; (S, O, TA;) and فى حُبِّهِ in loving him; and فى بُغْضِهِ in hating him; (O, TA;) and فى مَدْحِهِ in praising him: (K:) it is likewise said of anything exceeding the due bounds; [meaning it was, or became, excessive, or immoderate:] and also signifies he did more than he was commanded. (TA.) You say also, عَلَيْهِ فِى القَوْلِ ↓ فَرَطَ He exceeded the due bounds, or just limits, towards him in speech. (K, TA.) And افرط فِى القَوْلِ He talked [excessively, exceedingly, immoderately, or] much. (TA.) [And, افرط عَلَيْهِ He acted insolently, or presumptuously, towards him.] b5: Also افرط عَلَيْهِ He loaded him (namely a camel, IKtt) with that which he was unable to bear. (IKtt, K.) And افرط He filled (S, O, K) a مَزَادَة (S) or a قِرْبَة (O) so that he made the water to flow: (O, K:) or a watering-trough or vessel (TA) so that it overflowed: (K, TA:) and فِى حَوْضِهِ ↓ فَرَطَ, (O, TA,) aor. ـُ (O,) inf. n. فَرْطٌ, (TA,) he filled his watering-trough: (O, TA:) or poured much water into it. (TA.) b6: And افرط النَّخْلَةَ He left the palm-tree without fecundation until its spadix became dry and hard. (O, L, K. [See 1, near the end.]) 5 تفرّط He (a horse) outwent, or got before, other horses. (S, TA.) [See also 1.] b2: See also the next paragraph.6 تفارطوا They vied, or strove, one with another, to precede, outgo, outstrip, or get before. (S, O. *) Bishr says, [using the verb transitively,] يُنَازِعْنَ الأَعِنَّةَ مُصْعَبَاتٍ

كَمَا يَتَفَارَطُ الثَّمَدَ الحَمَامُ [They contend with the reins, being unbroken and refractory, like as the pigeons vie, one with another, in striving to get first to the scanty remains of rainwater]. (S.) b2: [Hence,] تفارط فُلَانٌ Such a one preceded, or got before, and made haste. (O, K, TA.) b3: And hence, (TA,) تَفَارَطَتْهُ الهُمُومُ, (O, K, TA,) and الأُمُورُ, (O, TA,) (assumed tropical:) Anxieties, and affairs, or events, came to him [as though] vying, one with another, to be first: (K, TA:) or befell him at an indefinite time, (O, * K, * TA,) but only at such a time. (O, TA.) You say also, ↓ فَارَطَتْهُ الهُمُومُ (assumed tropical:) Anxieties ceased not to come to him at one indefinite time after another. (TA.) b4: تفارط الشَّىْءُ The time of the thing past; as also ↓ تفرّط, which occurs in a trad., relating to a time of prayer, and meaning its time passed before its being performed: (TA:) and both of these verbs are used in the sense next following in relation to a warring, or warring and plundering, expedition. (O.) The time of the thing became postponed, or delayed, so that he who desired it did not attain it. (K.) You say, تَفَارَطَتِ الصَّلَاةُ عَنْ وَقْتِهَا The prayer became delayed after its time. (TA.) 8 إِفْتَرَطَ see 1, first sentence: b2: and see 4, in five places. b3: فُلَانٌ لَا يُفْتَرَطُ إِحْسَانُهُ وَبِرُّهُ (S, K *) Such a one's beneficence and kindness are not caught at, (لَا يُفْتَرَصُ, as in a copy of the S and in the TA,) or do not pass away, (لَا يَنْقَرِضُ, as in another copy of the S,) and (S, TA) their passing away, so that one cannot avail himself of them, is not to be feared: (S, K, TA:) a saying of one of the Arabs of the desert. (TA.) فَرْطٌ Excess; extravagance; exorbitance; an exceeding degree; an exceeding of the due bounds, or just limits. (S, O, K, * TA.) You say, إِيَّاكَ وَالفَرْطَ فِى الأَمْرِ [Avoid thou, or beware thou of, excess in the affair]. (S, O.) b2: Mastery, ascendency, prevalence, or predominance: (K, TA:) as, for instance, of eager desire, and of grief. (TA.) A2: A time, whether long or short; an indefinite time; syn. حِينٌ. (S, O, K.) You say, لَقِيتُهُ فِى الفَرْطِ بَعْدَ الفَرْطِ I met him time after time. (S, O.) And أَنَا آتِيهِ الفَرْطَ I come to him, or will come to him, at some time. (TA.) b2: It also denotes one's meeting a man, (TA,) or coming to him, (K,) after some days, (K, TA,) accord. to A 'Obeyd; (TA;) not more than fifteen days, (K,) or than fifteen nights, accord. to the same, (S, O,) nor less than three. (K.) You say, أَنَا أَلْقَاهُ فِى الفَرْطِ [I meet him, or will meet him, or shall meet him, after some days]. (TA.) [But the above-mentioned restriction does not apply when it is prefixed to a noun signifying a period of time: for] you say also, أَتَيْتُهُ فَرْطَ يَوْمٍ أَوْ يَوْمَــيْنِ [app. meaning I came to him after a day or two days]. (S, O.) [It is said in the TA that, accord. to ISk, it is used in the saying آتِيكَ فَرْطَ يَوْمٍ أَوْ يَوْمَــيْنِ, and that it is a day between two days; but this seems to me to be a mistake for between a day and two days: it is afterwards said in the TA that فَرْطَ يَوْمٍ أَوْ يَوْمَــيْنِ means after two days; but the complete explanation should doubtless be after a day or two days.] Lebeed says, هَلِ النَّفْسُ إِلَّا مُتْعَةٌ مُسْتَعَارَةٌ تُعَارُ فَتَأْتِى رَبَّهَا فَرْطَ أَشْهُرِ [Is the soul aught but a borrowed thing to be enjoyed, which is lent, and goes to its Lord after some months?]. (S.) And an Arab said, مَضَيْتُ فَرْطَ سَاعَةٍ وَلَمْ أُومِنْ أَنْ أَنْفَلِتَ; and being asked “ What is فرط ساعة? ” he answered, “Like since thou begannest to speak: ” he meant [I went away after a little while, or a little while ago, and] by لم and what follows it, I did not feel sure of my escaping. (TA.) A3: Also A small mountain; (K;) pl., accord. to Kr, فُرُطٌ [q. v.]: (TA:) or the head of an [eminence such as is termed] أَكَمَة. (K.) b2: And the same, (K,) or ↓ فَرَطٌ, (thus as written in the O,) An erect way-mark, or thing set up for guidance to the right way: (O, K:) pl. أَفْرُطٌ and أَفْرَاطٌ: (K:) [but] it is said in the A that بَدَتْ لَنَا أَفْرَاطُ المَفَازَةِ is a tropical saying, signifying مَا اسْتَقْدَمَ مِنْ أَعْلَامِهَا [as though meaning (tropical:) The foremost of the way-marks of the desert, or waterless desert, appeared to us]. (TA.) فُرْطٌ: see فُرُطٌ, near the end.

فَرَطٌ A person who goes before, or in advance of, others, to the water, (S, Mgh, K,) or who is sent before, or in advance, to seek water, (Msb,) and who prepares for them the ropes and buckets, (S, O, Msb,) and plasters with mud [in one copy of the S and fills] the watering-troughs, and draws water for them; (S, TA;) as also ↓ فَارِطٌ; (S, Mgh, O, Msb, TA;) being of the measure فَعَلٌ in the sense of the measure فَاعِلٌ, (S, Msb, TA,) like تَبَعٌ in the sense of تَابِعٌ: (S, TA:) and a number of persons who perform that office; (S, O, Msb, K;) as also ↓ فُرَّاطٌ, (S, Msb, K, TA,) pl. of فَارِطٌ: (Msb, TA:) you say رَجُلٌ فَرَطٌ and قَوْمٌ فَرَطٌ. (S, Msb.) It is said in a trad., أَنَا فَرَطُكُمْ عَلَى الحَوْضِ [I shall be your preceder to the pool of Paradise]. (S, O.) b2: See also فَارِطٌ. b3: [Hence,] (tropical:) A child [that dies] not having attained to puberty: (K, TA:) [whence the phrase اِفْتَرَطَ فَرَطًا: see 4:] pl. أَفْرَاطٌ: or فَرَطٌ is both sing. and pl. [in this sense]. (TA.) b4: Hence also, (S, Msb,) (tropical:) A reward, or recompense, prepared in advance, or beforehand: (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) and a work, or an action, of the same kind. (K.) You say, of an infant that has died, (S, Msb,) اَللّٰهُمَّ اجْعَلْهُ لَنَا فَرَطًا O God, make him to be a [cause of] reward, or recompense, prepared in advance, or beforehand, for us. (S, Mgh, Msb.) b5: [Hence also,] (tropical:) Water [at which one arrives] in advance of other waters. (K, TA.) b6: [Hence also,] أَفْرَاطُ الصُّبْحِ, (S, O,) or الصَّبَاحِ, (K,) (tropical:) The annunciations, or foretokens, (K,) or the beginnings of the annunciations or foretokens, (S, O,) of the daybreak: (S, O, K:) sing. فَرَطٌ. (Lth, TA.) b7: See also فَرْطٌ, last sentence.

A2: Also Haste. (TA.) b2: See also the next paragraph.

فُرُطٌ A swift horse; (S, O, K;) one that precedes, outgoes, outstrips, or gets before, others: (S, A, O:) pl. أَفْرَاطٌ. (L, TA.) b2: A case, or an affair, in which the due bounds, or just limits, are exceeded: (S, O, K:) or neglected; (S, * TA;) as also ↓ فَرَطٌ: (TA:) or despised and neglected. (AHeyth, O, TA.) You say, كُلُّ أَمْرِ فُلَانٍ فُرُطٌ The whole of the case of such a person is one in which the due bounds, or just limits, are exceeded. (A, TA.) And it is said in the Kur [xviii. 27], وَكَانَ

أَمْرُهُ فُرُطًا, meaning, And whose case is one in which the due bounds, or just limits, are exceeded: (S, O:) or in which obedience is neglected and unheeded: (TA:) or [one of] preference of backwardness (تَقْدِيمُ العَجْزِ): (Zj:) or [one of] repentance: or, accord. to some, the meaning is that which here next follows: (O, TA:) wrongdoing; injustice; transgression: (O, K, TA:) some say also, that it means hastening, or acceleration. (TA.) A2: فُرُطٌ (S, O) and ↓ فُرْطٌ (O) An [eminence such as is termed] أَكَمَة, resembling a mountain: (S, O:) or the second, accord. to Zbd, the base (سَفْح) of a mountain: (TA:) pl. أَفْرَاطٌ (Zbd, S, O) and أَفْرُطٌ. (O.) [See also فَرْطٌ, last sentence but one.]

فَرْطَةٌ A single act of going forth; (S, O, K;) and of preceding, or going before. (S, O.) b2: [A hasty, or an unpremeditated, saying, or action: pl. فَرَطَاتٌ. (See 1 and 3.)] You say, اَللّٰهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِى فَرَطَاتِى, i. e. مَا فَرَطَ مِنِّى [meaning, O God, forgive me my hasty, or unpremeditated, sayings, or actions]: (TA:) [or my acts of hastiness, or forwardness, and transgression: for] الفَرْطَةُ فِى

الدِّينِ [unless we should in this instance read الفُرْطَة, as the Turkish translator of the K has done,] signifies hastiness, or forwardness, and transgression, in religion. (TA.) فُرْطَةٌ The act of going forth; (S, O, K; *) and of preceding, or going before. (S, O.) Hence the saying of Umm-Selemeh, to 'Áïsheh, نَهَاكِ عَنِ الفُرْطَةِ فِى البِلَادِ [He (referring to Mohammad) forbade thee from going forth into the country, or provinces]. (S, O.) And فُلَانٌ ذُو فُرْطَةٍ فِى

البِلَادِ Such a one is a person who makes many journeys. (TA.) فَرَطِىٌّ and فُرَطِىٌّ, (Ibn-'Abbád, K,) but the latter is said in the Moheet to be with damm, [which most probably means that it is فُرْطِىٌّ, and it is thus written in the O,] (TA,) applied to a camel and to a man, Untractable, refractory, or stubborn; (Ibn-'Abbád, K;) not rendered manageable or submissive. (TA.) فِرَاطٌ (S, O) and ↓ فُرَاطَةٌ, like ثُمَامَةٌ, or ↓ فِرَاطَةٌ, (so in the O,) Water that is for him, of the tribes, who first arrives at it; (S, O;) water that is common property among a number of tribes, and is for him who first arrives at it: (O, K:) and in like manner the latter word applied to a well. (TA.) You say, بَيْنَ بَنِى فُلَانٍ ↓ هٰذَا مآءٌ فُرَاطَةٌ وَبَنِى فُلَانٍ, meaning, [This is water between the sons of such a one and the sons of such a one, so that] whichever of them arrives at it first waters [his beasts] and the others do not throng him. (TA.) فُِرَاطَةٌ: see فِرَاطٌ, in three places.

فَارِطٌ Preceding; going before; being, or becoming, before, beforehand, first, or foremost; having, or getting, priority, or precedence: pl. فُرَّاطٌ. (TA.) b2: See the sing. and pl. voce فَرَطٌ, first sentence. b3: فُرَّاطُ القَطَا The foremost of the [birds called] قطا [meaning sand-grouse], who precede the others to the valley and the water. (S, TA.) b4: فَارِطٌ also signifies One who goes before to dig the grave: pl. as above, and also فَوَارِطُ, which latter is extr., like فَوَارِسُ, pl. of فَارِسٌ, as is said in the O. (TA.) b5: And hence, (Lth, TA,) الفَارِطَانِ, (Lth, S, O, K,) in the A ↓ الفَرَطَانِ, (TA,) (tropical:) Two stars, (Lth, S, O, K,) separate, each from the other, (Lth, S, O,) before [the stars in the tail of the Bear, app. meaning the Greater Bear, called] بَنَات نَعْش, (K,) or before the bier (سَرِير) of بنات نعش: [each] being likened to the فارط who goes before a company of men to dig the grave. (Lth, O, TA.) مُفْرَطٌ Sent before, or first, or foremost. (TA.) Hence the saying in the Kur [xvi. 64], (TA,) وَأَنَّهُمْ مُفْرَطُونَ And that they shall be sent before, or first, or foremost, to the fire [of Hell], and hastened thither; (Az, O, K, TA;) this being the primary signification: (Az, O, TA:) or forgotten (Mujáhid, Fr, O) in the fire [of Hell]: (Fr:) or neglected, or left: (TA:) or forgotten, and neglected or left, in the fire: and another reading is ↓ مُفْرِطُونَ, meaning [they are] exceeding the limits assigned to them: (O, K:) and another is ↓ مُفَرِّطُونَ, meaning [falling short of their duty] to themselves, in respect of sins. (TA.) b2: [Filled, or] full; applied to a pool of water left by a torrent. (S, TA.) مُفْرِطٌ Exceeding the due bounds, or just limits; acting extravagantly; applied to a man: excessive; applied to anything; as, for instance, tallness, and shortness. (TA.) It is said in a trad. of 'Alee, ↓ لَا تَرَى الجَاهِلَ إَلَّا مُفْرِطًا أَوْ مُفَرِّطًا Thou wilt not see the ignorant otherwise than exceeding the due bounds in what he doth or falling short of what he ought therein. (TA.) See also مُفْرَطٌ.

مُفَرِّطٌ: see مُفْرَطٌ and مُفْرِطٌ.

مَفَارِطٌ The extremities of a country or the like. (TA.) فُلَانٌ مُفْتَرِطُ السِّجَالِ إِلَى العُلَى [Such a one's emulation is foremost in attaining to eminence]; i. e. he has precedence therein: [see 1, first sentence:] (TA:) said in praise of a man. (TA in art. رنق.)

حلب

1 حَلَبَ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (S, Msb, K) and حَلِبَ, (K,) inf. n. حَلَبٌ (S, A, Msb, K) and حَلْبٌ (A, Mgh, Msb, K) and حِلَابٌ; (K;) and ↓ احتلب; (S, K;) He milked (TA) a she-camel (S, Mgh, Msb, TA) &c., (Msb,) a ewe, a she-goat, and a cow: (TA:) he drew forth the milk in the udder: (A, K: [see also 10:]) and حَلَبَ اللَّبَنَ [he drew the milk from the udder]. (S and K in art. رثأ, &c.) حَلَبْتَ بِالسَّاعِدِ الأَشَدِّ [Thou hast milked with the strongest fore arm] is a prov., meaning thou hast asked aid of him who will perform thine affair, or thy want: (TA:) or, accord. to A'Obeyd, حَلَبْتُهَا الخ I have milked her &c., meaning I have taken it by force when I could not by gentle means. (TA in art. شد.) and حُلِبَتْ صَرَامِ, (TA,) or صُرَامُ, (S, and some copies of the K, in art. صرم,) The last milk was, or has been drawn from the udder, is another prov., used in a case when an evil has attained its crisis: (TA:) or it means (assumed tropical:) the excuse reached, or has reached, its utmost point: (AO, S and K in art. صرم:) or the she-camel that hah [little or] no milk was milked, or has been milked; denoting a calamity. (IB, TA in art. صرم.) And إِنْ كُنْتَ كَاذِبًا فَحَلَبْتَ قَاعِدًا If thou lie, mayest thou milk sitting; i. e., lose thy camels, and become an owner only of sheep or goats, and thus, after having milked camels standing, milk sheep or goats sitting: this, also, is a proverbial saying, like the following: مَا لَهُ حَلَبَ قَاعِدًا وَاصْطَبَحَ بَارِدًا [What aileth him?] May he [be reduced to] milk a sheep or goat sitting, and drink cold water, not hot milk. (TA.) And حَلَبَ الدَّهْرَ أَشْطُرَهُ (assumed tropical:) He experienced good fortune and evil, is another prov. (TA. [See this and other exs. in art. شطر.]) So, too, ثُمَّ أَقْلَعَتْ ↓ حَلَبَتْ حَلْبَتَهَا (TA [but not there explained]) [lit. She performed her act of milking, and then desisted: but, as explained in Freytag's Arab. prov. (i. 343 and 281), meaning (assumed tropical:) It (a cloud, سَحَابَة,) sent forth a fine rain, and then ceased: and some read حَلْبَةً ↓ أَحْلَبَتْ, meaning the same: see another reading voce جَلَبَ]. b2: [Hence, حَلَبَهُ (assumed tropical:) He mulcted him: see an ex. voce فَشَّ: and see حَلَبٌ.] b3: [Hence also,] حَلَبَ, (A, K,) aor. ـُ (A,) inf. n. حَلْبٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) He set himself upon his knees, in the posture of the milker: (A:) he sat on his knees; (K;) or on his knee: he sat on his knee in eating, or in milking a ewe or she-goat: he kneeled. (TA.) You say, اُحْلُبْ وَكُلْ (tropical:) [Kneel thou like the milker, and eat]: (A:) it denotes a lowly [and becoming] mode of sitting while eating. (TA.) لَيْسَ فِى كُلِّ حِينٍ احْلُبْ فَاشْرُبْ (tropical:) [Not at every time is it said, kneel thou, and understand] is a prov. applied in the case of anything that is forbidden, or denied: AA says that الحلب signifies the act of kneeling; and الشرب the understanding a thing: and one says to a stupid person, اُحْلُبْ ثُمَّ اشْرُبْ Kneel thou; then understand: one says also, ليس كلُ حين احلب فاشرب [in Freytag's Arab. Prov., ii. 437, thus: فَأَشْرَبَ ↓ لَيْسَ كُلُّ حِينٍ أَحْلَبَ, and explained as meaning Not every time permits to milk and then to drink: i. e. not every time aids thee in performing a work; therefore thou shouldst act prudently, and not expend thy wealth without rule and measure.] (TA.) A2: حَلَبَ الرَّجُلَ, aor. ـُ He milked for the man. (S.) b2: حَلَبَهُ and ↓ احلبهُ He assigned to him, to be milked by him, a ewe or she-goat, and a she-camel: (K:) or the latter, he assigned to him what he should milk. (S.) A3: حَلَبُوا, (K,) aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. حَلْبٌ and حُلُوبٌ, They assemble, or collected themselves together, from every quarter. (K, TA.) [See also 4.]

A4: حَلِبَ, aor. ـَ It (hair &c.) was, or became, black. (K.) 3 حالبهُ He milked with him. (K.) b2: See also 4. b3: حَالَبَتْهَا, inf. n. مُحَالَبَةٌ, She vied with her in patience during milking. (L.) 4 احلب أَهْلَهُ, (S,) inf. n. إِحْلَابٌ (K) and إِحْلَابَةٌ, (S, K,) [which latter see also below,] He milked for his family, while he was in the place of pasturage, and then sent to them the milk there drawn by him: (S, K:) or he conveyed to his tribe what had been milked while the camels were in the places of pasturage, and had been collected to the quantity of a camel-load. (TA.) b2: See also 1, in three places. [In the last of those instances, the verb, as explained in the K, is doubly trans.; and hence,] b3: احلبهُ is also used as meaning (assumed tropical:) He gave him a thing. (TA.) b4: Also He assisted him to milk, or in milking. (S, A, Mgh, K.) b5: And hence, (A, Mgh,) as also ↓ حالبهُ, (S,) by extension, (A,) in a general sense, (Mgh,) (tropical:) He assisted him, or aided him. (S, A.) And احلب غَيْرَ قَوْمِهِ (assumed tropical:) He entered among a party, or people, not his own, and aided some of them against others. (TA.) And احلبوا (assumed tropical:) They aided their companions. (TA.) (assumed tropical:) They assembled, or collected themselves together, from every quarter, to render aid, عَلَيْهِ against him; (S;) like اجلبوا; (S in art. جلب;) as also ↓ استحلبوا: (TA:) (assumed tropical:) they collected themselves together from every quarter for war &c.: (Az, TA:) (assumed tropical:) they assembled from every quarter, عَلَيْهِ against him. (TA. [See also 1.]) A2: احلب His camels brought forth females: opposed to اجلب “ his camels brought forth males. ” (S, A, K.) One says, أَأَحْلَبْتَ أَمْ أَجْلَبْتَ Have thy camels brought forth females, or have they brought forth males? (M, K.) See also أَجْلَبَ.5 تحلّب It flowed; (S, A, K, KL;) [or oozed, or exuded;] said of milk; (KL;) and (tropical:) of water; (A;) and (tropical:) of sweat, (S, A, K,) as also ↓ انحلب; (S;) and (tropical:) of moisture, or dew. (L.) b2: (tropical:) It (one's body) flowed, عَرَقًا with sweat: and in like manner, the eye [with tears]; (K;) and the mouth [with saliva]; (A, K;) as also ↓ انحلب. (K.) b3: (assumed tropical:) He sweated. (TA.) b4: It is also said of the [tribute termed] فَىْء [as meaning (assumed tropical:) It flowed in; or was collected: see حَلَبٌ]. (TA.) 7 إِنْحَلَبَ see 5, in two places.8 إِحْتَلَبَ see 1, first sentence.10 استحلب He drew forth milk. (S, A, K. *) b2: [Hence,] استحلبتِ الرِّيحُ السَّحَابَ (A, TA) (tropical:) The wind drew forth a shower of fine rain from the clouds; or caused them to send forth fine rain. (TA.) [And استحلبهُ فِى فَمِهِ (assumed tropical:) He sucked it in his mouth so as to draw forth its moisture or what dissolved thereof: see an ex. voce مُرٌّ.] b3: نَسْتَحْلِبُ الصِّبْرَ, occurring in a trad., means نَسْتَدِرُّ السَّحَابَ (assumed tropical:) [We desire, or look for, a shower of rain from the white clouds]. (TA.) b4: See also 4.

حُلْبٌ: see حُلْبَةٌ.

حَلَبٌ is an inf. n.: (S, A, Msb, K: see 1:) b2: and also signifies Milk drawn from the udder; (S, A, * Mgh, K;) or so لِبَنٌ حَلَبٌ; (Msb;) and so ↓ حَلِيبٌ; (S A, K;) or لَبَنٌ حَلِيبٌ; (Msb;) and ↓ حلَابٌ: (TA:) or (K, TA, in the CK “ and ”) ↓ حَلِيبٌ signifies [fresh milk, i. e.] milk of which the taste has not become altered; (K, TA;) and حَلَبٌ is thought by ISd to be used in this sense. (TA.) b3: [Hence,] (tropical:) The [tax called] جِبَايَة: (A:) or the kind of جباية (S, K) that is similar to the صَدَقَة and the like, (K,) whereof the assessment is not certain, or defined: (S, K:) pl. أَحْلَابٌ. (A, TA.) The pl. also means (assumed tropical:) Profits, or advantages, such as accrue to a commander, or governor. (TA in art. رضع.) b4: (tropical:) An evil result: so in the saying, ذَاقُوا حَلَبَ أَمْرِهِمْ (tropical:) [They tasted the evil result of their affair, or action]. (A.) b5: مَا لَهُ لَا حَلَبٌ وَلَا جَلَبٌ, mentioned by IAar, but not explained by him, (TA,) is said to be a form of imprecation [meaning What aileth him? May he have neither she-camels nor he-camels]; (K;) and this is the opinion generally held: (TA:) but some say that there is no reason for this [assertion; holding the meaning to be, he has neither she-camels nor hecamels; the former لا being redundant: see 4; and see also جَلَبُ]. (K.) A2: Also The covering, exterior part, peel, or the like, (syn. قِشْر,) of anything. (Kr, TA.) حُلُبٌ [a pl. of which the sing. is not mentioned,] Black; as applied to animals. (K. [See also حُلْبُوبٌ.]) b2: And Intelligent; as applied to men. (K.) حَلْبَةٌ [A single act of milking:] see 1. b2: [A time of milking. And hence,] الحَلْبَتَانِ The morning and evening; (IAar, K;) because they are the two milking-times. (TA.) b3: [(assumed tropical:) A fine rain; or a shower of fine rain: pl. حَلَبَاتٌ: the sing. occurring in the TA in art. هضب, and the pl. in the same and in the S in that art.: see also 1 in the present art.]

A2: A number of horses started together for a wager: (K:) horses assembled from every quarter for a race, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) not from one stable, (S, K,) or not from one quarter: (Msb:) or horses that come from every quarter to aid: (A: [but this is probably a false rendering, occasioned by an omission, which has combined portions of explanations of two words:]) pl. حَلَائِبُ, (Msb, K,) because the sing. has the meaning of ↓ حَلِيبَةٌ, (Msb,) [as pl. of حَلْبَةٌ] irreg., and حِلَابٌ and حَلَبَاتٌ. (TA.) You say, جَآءَتِ الفَرَسُ فِى آخِرِ الحَلْبَةِ The mare came among the last of the horses [in the race]. (Msb.) and فُلَانٌ سَابِقُ الحَلَائِبِ (assumed tropical:) [Such a one is the winner in races. or in contests]. (TA.) b2: And A raceground. (A.) You say, فُلَانٌ يَرْكُضُ فِى كُلِّ حَلْبَةٍ مِنْ حَلَبَاتِ المَجْدِ (tropical:) [Such a one urges on in every scene of glorious contest]. (A, TA.) حُلْبَةٌ [Fenugreek; trigonella fænumgræcum of Linn.;] a certain grain, (S, Mgh, Msb,) well known, (S, Mgh,) which is eaten; also pronounced ↓ حُلُبَةٌ: (Msb:) a certain plant, (AHn, K,) having a yellow grain, used medicinally; and made to germinate [in a vessel of water], and eaten; (AHn, TA;) useful as a remedy for diseases of the chest, for cough, asthma, phlegm, and hæmorrhoids, for giving strength to the back, for the liver and the bladder, and as a stimulant to the venereal faculty, (K, * TA,) alone or compounded; and a common article of food of the people of El-Yemen: pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.]

↓ حُلْبٌ. (TA.) b2: The [plant otherwise called]

عَرْفَج. (AHn, K.) b3: The قَتَاد [or tragacantha]. (AHn, K.) b4: The leaves of the عِضَاه when they have become harsh and dry, and dusty or dustcoloured, and when its branches and thorns have become thick: (TA:) or it is [what is in a similar state] of the fruit of the عضاه: (IAth, TA:) the word is sometimes pronounced ↓ حُلُبَةٌ. (TA.) b5: The kind of food called فَرِيقَة, (K, TA,) which is given to women when childbearing; (TA;) as also ↓ حُلُبَةٌ. (K.) A2: A pure black colour. (K.) [See حُلْبُوبٌ.]

حُلُبَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in three places.

حَلْبَى: see حَلُوبٌ, in two places.

حَلْبَآءُ A female slave who kneels by reason of indolence. (TA.) حَلْبَاةٌ; and its pl. حَلْبَاتٌ: see حَلُوبٌ, in three places.

حُلْبُوبٌ Black hair &c. (T, K. [See also حُلُبٌ.]) And أَسْوَدُحُلْبُوبٌ Intensely black. (S.) حَلَبُوتٌ: see each in two places voce حَلُوب.

حَلَبُوتَى: see each in two places voce حَلُوب.

حَلْبَانَةٌ: see each in two places voce حَلُوب.

حِلَابٌ: see حَلَبٌ: b2: and مِحْلَبٌ.

A2: It is also a pl. of حَلْبَةٌ, as shown above. (TA.) حَلُوبٌ and ↓ حَلُوبَةٌ (of which the latter is the more common, TA) A she-camel that is milked; (K;) both signify alike: (TA:) or the former is an epithet, signifying as above; and the latter is a subst., signifying the animal that is milked; (S, * A, Mgh, Msb, TA;) though some say the reverse: or sometimes the former is used for the latter, meaning a milch camel, &c.: accord. to Meyd, the latter signifies a she-camel that is milked for the guest, and for the people of the tent or house: (TA:) the former is used by some as a sing., and by others in a pl. sense: (IB, TA:) and [in like manner] the latter is applied to a single she-camel or ewe or she-goat, and to more: (K:) the pl. (of the latter, TA) is حَلَائِبُ (S, K) and حُلُبٌ; (K;) and حُلْبٌ, supposed to be a contraction of حُلُبٌ, also occurs as a pl. epithet applied to ewes and to she-goats. (Lh, TA.) You say حَلُوبَةٌ تُثْمِلُ وَلَا تُصَرِّحُ A milch camel that gives much froth in her milk, and does not give pure, or clear, milk: a prov., applied to him who promises much, but performs little. (Meyd, TA.) And دّرَّتْ حَلُوبَةُ المُسْلِمِينَ (assumed tropical:) [The milch camel of the Muslims has yielded a copious supply of milk] is said when the dues of the government-treasury are in a good state. (IAar, Suh, TA.) ↓ حَلْبَانَةٌ, also, signifies A she-camel having milk; (IAar, S, K;) that is milked; a milch camel; (A, K;) like حَلُوبٌ; (TA;) and so ↓ حَلْبَاةٌ (IAar, K) and ↓ حَلَبُوتٌ (ISd, K) and ↓ حَلْبَى and ↓ حَلَبُوتَى, (K,) like as they said رَكْبَانَةٌ and رَكْبَاةٌ and رَكَبُوتٌ (TA) and رَكْبَى and رَكَبُوتَى: (K:) or fit to be milked: (S and TA voce رَكُوبٌ:) and حَلُوبٌ and the rest of the foregoing epithets, except حَلَبُوتٌ, [which I nevertheless believe to be perfectly syn. with them, like as خَلَبُوتٌ is syn. with خَلَّابٌ accord. to the S,] are also mentioned as having an intensive signification. (TA.) You say ↓ نَاقَةٌ حَلْبَانَةٌ رَكْبَانَةٌ (A, K) and رَكْبَاةٌ ↓ حَلْبَاةٌ (TA) [and رَكَبُوتٌ ↓ حَلَبُوتٌ] and رَكْبَى ↓ حَلْبَى and ↓ حَلَبُوتَى

رَكَبُوتَى (K) A she-camel that is milked and ridden: (A, K:) or that yields abundance of milk and that is submissive to be ridden. (TA.) Az mentions ↓ نَاقَةٌ حَلْبَاتٌ, the latter word in the pl. form; as also نَاقَةٌ رَكْبَاتٌ. (TA. [But in each case I think that the ت is a mistake for ة.]) A2: See also حَالِبٌ. b2: [Hence,] هَاجِرَةٌ حَلُوبٌ (assumed tropical:) [A summer-midday] that draws forth the sweat. (K.) حَلِيبٌ: see حَلَبٌ, in two places. b2: Also (tropical:) A beverage [of the kind termed نَبِيذ,] prepared from dates. (K, TA.) b3: And (assumed tropical:) Fresh blood. (K.) حِلَابَةٌ [or perhaps حُلَابَةٌ, like عُصَارَةٌ &c., (assumed tropical:) An exuding fluid]. (AHn, TA voce نِفْطٌ, q. v.) حَلُوبَةٌ: see حَلُوبٌ.

حَلِيبَةٌ: see حَلْبَةٌ: b2: and see what next follows.

حَلَائِبُ used as a pl. of حَلْبَةٌ [q. v.], because the latter has the meaning of ↓ حَلِيبَةٌ. (Msb.) b2: Also Companies, assemblies, or troops. (K.) b3: And The sons of the paternal uncle: (K:) or a man's assistants, or auxiliaries, consisting of the sons of the paternal uncle in particular. (TA.) حُلَّبٌ A certain plant, (S, K,) that grows in the hot season, in the plains and on the sides of valleys, cleaving to the ground so as almost to be buried in it, not eaten by the camels, but only by the sheep or goats, (TA,) and by the gazelles: (S, TA:) it increases the milk, and fattens; and gazelles are snared [while pasturing] upon it (تحتبل عليها): (TA:) hence the expressions تَيْسُ الحُلَّبِ and تَيْسٌ ذُو حُلَّبٍ [a buck-gazelle that feeds upon the حلّب]: (S:) it is a curling herb, of a dusty colour inclining to green, that spreads upon the ground; when a piece of it is cut off, a milky fluid flows from it: (As, S:) AHn says, it is a plant that spreads upon the ground, evergreen, having small leaves, with which they tan: Aboo-Ziyád says, it is included among what are termed الخِلْفَة, and is a tree that expands over the ground, cleaving thereto, intensely green, growing most when the heat becomes great: and he adds, on the authority of Arabs of the desert, that it lies upon the ground, having small and bitter leaves, and a root penetrating deep into the earth, and small twigs: it is of the kind of plants termed رَيِّحَةٌ. (TA.) حُلَّبِىٌّ A skin for water or milk tanned with [the leaves of] the حُلَّب; (S, K;) as also ↓ مَحْلُوبٌ, (K.) يَوْمٌ حَلَّابٌ (assumed tropical:) A dewy day. (Sh, K.) حَالِبٌ A milker; (S, K;) as also ↓ حَلُوبٌ; (K;) but the latter has an intensive signification: (TA:) pl. حَلَبَةٌ. (S, A.) You say, هُمْ حَلَبَةُ الإِبِلِ [They are the milkers of the camels]. (A.) And شّتَّى

تَؤُوبُ الحَلَبَهْ [Separately the milkers return]: (S, A:) for when they assemble to milk their camels, each occupies himself with milking his own, and then they return, one after another; (S, TA;) or they water them together, and return separately to their abodes, where each one milks: (TA:) a prov., (S, A, TA,) relating to the manners of men in assembling and separating: (TA:) you should not say الحَلَمَهْ. (S.) IKtt gives it differently, thus: حَتَّى تَؤُوبَ الحَلَبَهْ [Until the milkers return]: but the former reading is that commonly known. (IB, TA.) لَيْسَ لَهَا رَاعٍ وَلٰكِنَّ حَلَبَةٌ [They (i. e. camels) have not a pastor, but milkers] is another prov., applied to a man who asks thine aid, and whom thou aidest, but on whose part there is no aid. (TA. [That is, You ask aid of one to whom you render no aid. See also Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 427.]) b2: [Hence,] الحَالِبَانِ (tropical:) [The two spermatic ducts;] two veins, or ducts, which supply the penis with [the spermatic] fluid; whence the phrase, دَرَّ حَالِبَاهُ, meaning (tropical:) his penis became erect: (A, TA:) (assumed tropical:) two veins, or ducts, in the kidneys: (Zj in his “ Khalk el-Insán: ”) or (assumed tropical:) two veins, or ducts, (S, TA,) of a green colour, (TA,) on either side of the navel: (S, TA:) accord. to some, (assumed tropical:) two veins, or ducts, within the two horns. (TA. [But I think that, in this instance, القرنين is a mistranscription for العرْنِين, meaning the nose: see what follows.]) حَوَالِبُ [is the pl., and] signifies (tropical:) The sources [whence flows the milk] of the udder: (A, TA:) and (tropical:) the sources whence flow the tears of the eye: (A, K:) and (tropical:) the sources of a spring, (A,) or of a well: (K:) and حَوَالِبُ الأَسْهَرَيْنِ (assumed tropical:) the veins, or dusts, that excern the mucus from the nose, and the spermatic fluid from the penis. (AA, T. [But see art. سهر.]) إِحْلَابٌ: see what next follows.

إِحلَابَةٌ Milk which a man draws for his family, while he is in the place of pasturing, and then sends to them: (A, K:) or milk that remains over and above what fills the skin: (K:) or what remains over and above the contents of the skin when the pastor brings the skin on the occasion of his conducting his camels to water and it contains milk; this being the احلابة of the tribe: or milk which people collect, to the quantity of a camel-load, while their camels are in the place of pasturing, and convey to the tribe; as also ↓ إِحْلَابٌ, pl. أَحَالِيبُ; whence the phrases, قَدْ جَآءَ بِإِحْلَابَيْنِ, and بِثَلَاثَةِ أَحَالِيبَ He has come with two camel-loads of milk collected while the camels were in the pasture, and with three such loads: when, in the case of milking ewes or goats or cows, people do thus, one says of them, جَاؤُوا بِإِمْخَاضَيْنِ, and أَمَا خِيضَ. (TA. [See also 4.]) تِحْلِبَةٌ and تُحْلُبَةٌ and تَحْلَبَةٌ and تِحْلَبَةٌ and تُحْلَبَةٌ (K) and تُحْلِبَةٌ and تَحْلِبَةٌ and تَحْلُبَةٌ (AHei, TA) and تِحْلَابَةٌ (K) A ewe, or she-goat, from whose udder somewhat [of milk] has issued before her being mounted by the ram: (K:) and a she-camel that emits, or yields, milk before conception: (Seer, TA:) or you say, accord. to Ks, عَنْزُ تِحْلِبَةٍ, or تَحْلِبَةٍ, [accord. to different copies of the S,] meaning a she-goat from whose udder some milk has issued before she has been mounted by the ram: and accord. to Az, عَنَاقُ تِحْلِبَةٍ, or تَحْلِبَةٍ, [accord. to different copies of the S,] and تُحْلُبَةٍ, and تَحْلَبَةٍ, a young she-goat that is milked before she conceives. (S.) مَحْلَبٌ A place of milking. (Msb.) A2: [Also The prunus mahaleb of Linn.; a small kernel of the stone of a wild cherry, much esteemed by the Egyptians, (and by the Arabs in general, E. W. L.,) and employed by them in many diseases, as a bechic and carminative; brought from Europe: (Rouyer, in the “ Descr. de l'Egypte,” xi. 452 of the 8vo. ed.:)] a kind of odoriferous tree: (A:) a certain tree having a grain (حَبّ [which may mean a kernel]) that is put into perfumes and aromatics; (Msb, * TA;) the perfume in which it is incorporated being termed ↓ مَحْلَبِيَّةٌ: so say IDrst and others: AHn says that he had not heard of its growing anywhere in the country of the Arabs: accord. to Aboo-Bekr Ibn-Talhah, a tree having a grain (حَبّ) like that of the رَيْحَان [which is likewise used in medicine, called بِزْرُ الرَّيْحَانِ, i. e. the seed of the ocimum basilicum, or common sweet basil]: accord. to Aboo-'Obeyd El-Bekree, the [tree called] أَرَاك: (TA:) [J says,] حَبُّ المَحْلَبِ is an aromatic medicine, the place whereof is المَحْلَبِيَّةُ, (S,) which is a town (بَلَدٌ) near El-Mósil: (K, TA:) IKh calls it a kind of perfume: some say it is the grain of the خِرْوَع [or castor-oil-plant]: others, that the محلب is the fruit, or produce, of the kind of tree termed شَجَرُ اليُسْرِ, which the Arabs call الأُسْر: IDrd says that it is the grain with which one perfumes; calling the grain by the name of محلب: (TA:) the best is the white, pearly, and clear. (Ibn-Seenà, book ii. p. 210.) Accord. to IDrst, this word is originally an inf. n., and حبّ المحلب and شجرة المحلب mean حبّ الحلب and شجرة الحلب. (TA. [IbrD informs me that it is a custom of some of the Arabs, previously to their milking, to chew some محلب, and to anoint with it the teat of the animal.]) A3: Honey. (K.) مُحْلِبٌ [One who assists in milking. b2: and hence, in a general sense,] (tropical:) An aider, or assistant: (S, K:) or an aider, or assistant, not belonging to the party, or people, whom he aids: if of that party, or people, the aider is not so called, accord. to the T. (TA. [But see 4.]) مِحْلَبٌ (S, A, Msb, K) and ↓ حِلَابٌ (A, Msb, K) A milking-vessel; a vessel into which one milks; (S, A, Msb, K;) made of the skin of a camel's side, or of other skin: (MF:) a vessel into which ewes are milked. (Az, TA.) مَحْلَبِيَّةٌ: see مَحْلَبٌ.

مَحْلُوبٌ Milk drawn from the udder. (S * K, &c.) A2: See also حُلَّبِىٌّ.