شتو

1 شَتَا الشِّتَآءُ, aor. ـْ inf. n. شتو [app. شُتُوٌّ, The winter commenced: like as one says, رَبَعَ الرَّبِيعُ, inf. n. رُبُوعٌ]. (TA.) b2: And شَتَا اليَوْمُ, aor. as above, The day was, or became, intensely cold. (Msb.) b3: And شَتَا بِهِ, (K,) and شَتَوْتُ بِهِ, (S,) and شَتَوْنَا بِهِ, aor. as above, inf. n. شَتْوٌ, (Msb,) He, and I, and we, remained, stayed, dwelt, or abode, (S, Msb, K,) during the شِتَآء [or winter, &c.], (S,) or during a شِتَآء, (Msb, K,) in it, (S, Msb, K,) namely, a place, (S, Msb,) or a country or town; (K;) as also ↓ شتّى, (K,) inf. n. تَشْتِيَةٌ; (TA;) and ↓ تشتّى, (S, K,) said by Az to be from الشِّتَآءُ, like تَصَيَّفَ from الصَّيْفُ: (TA:) [and all are also app. trans. in this sense without a prep.:] or, as some say, شَتَا الصَّيَّانَ means he re-mained, stayed, dwelt, or abode, in the صَمَّان [q. v., meaning a particular place and also a particular sort of place,] in the شِتَآء; and ↓ تَشَتَّاهَا, he pastured [his cattle] therein in the شِتَآء. (TA.) b4: And شَتَا القَوْمُ, (K,) aor. as above, (TA,) The people, or party, experienced drought, or barrenness, or dearth, in the شِتَآء; as also ↓ أَشْتَوْا. (K.) b5: See also 4.

A2: شَتِىَ, like رَضِىَ [in measure], He was smitten by the شِتَآء. (IKtt, TA.) 2 شتّى, inf. n. تَشْتِيَةٌ: see 1. b2: One says also, هٰذَا الشَّىْءُ يُشَتِّينِى This thing will suffice me for my شِتَآء [or winter, &c.]. (S.) 3 عَامَلَهُ مُشَاتَاةً (S, K) and شِتَآءً (K) [He bargained with him for work by, or for, the season called شِتَآء]; and in like manner, اِسْتَأْجَرَهُ [He hired him, or took him as a hireling]: (TA:) from الشِّتَآءُ [i. e. the subst.]; (S;) like مُرَابَعَةً

from الرَّبِيعُ, &c.: (TA in art. ربع:) شِتَآءً being here in the accus. case as an inf. n., not as an adv. n. [of time]. (TA.) 4 أَشْتَوْا, (S, K,) and أَشْتَيْنَا, (Msb,) They, and we, entered the [season called] شِتَآء; (S, Msb, K;) and ↓ شَتَوْنَا signifies the same as اشتينا in this sense. (Ham p. 117.) b2: See also 1, near the end.5 تَشَتَّوَ see the first paragraph, in two places.

شَتًا A rough, or rugged, place. (K.) b2: and The صَدْر [i. e. higher, or upper, part, or front, or fore part,] of a valley. (Az, K.) شَتْوَةٌ: see شِتَآءٌ, in three places.

شَتْوِىٌّ and شَتَوِىٌّ, (S, Msb, K,) like خَرْفِىٌّ and خَرَفِىٌّ, (S,) [signifying Of, or relating to, the season called شِتَآء,] are rel. ns. of شِتَآءٌ (S, Msb, K) regarded as pl. of شَتْوَةٌ: (Msb:) or it may be that they formed the rel. n. from شَتْوَةٌ, and discarded that of شِتَآءٌ; as is said in the M: (TA:) or those who regard شِتَآءٌ as a sing. make its rel. n. to be ↓ شِتَائِىٌّ and ↓ شِتَاوِىٌّ. (Msb, TA.) b2: الشَّتَوِىُّ, (S, K,) thus with fet-h to the ش and ت, (K,) signifies also The rain of the [season called]

شِتَآء; and so ↓ الشَّتِىُّ; (S, K;) the latter occurring in a verse (S, TA) of En-Nemir Ibn-Towlab. (TA.) [See the latter of the tables inserted voce زَمَنٌ; and see also نَوْءٌ.] b3: Also The increase, or offspring, (نِتَاج,) of sheep and goats in the [season called] رَبِيع [by which is here meant the season called الرَّبِيعُ الأَوَّلُ and رَبِيعُ الكَلَأِ, commencing in January and ending in March: see the former of the two tables mentioned above]: (Aboo-Nasr, TA voce صَفَرِىٌّ [q. v.]:) [and in like manner, of camels; for] شَتْوِىٌّ and شَتَوِىٌّ and ↓ شَتِىٌّ are applied to the young camel brought forth by her that is termed ↓ مُشْتٍ, meaning مُرْبِعٌ [i. e. that brings forth in the (season called) رَبِيع]. (TA.) شِتَآءٌ a word of well-known meaning [in the sense in which it is most commonly used, i. e. Winter]; (S;) one of the quarters [of the circle] of the seasons; (K;) and ↓ شَاتَاةٌ signifies the same; (Sgh, K;) [and so does ↓ شَتِيَّةٌ; (see an ex. voce رِبْعِىٌّ;)] and so does ↓ مَشْتَاةٌ: (Msb, TA:) [also the half-year commencing at the autumnal equinox:] ISk says, السَّنَةُ is with the Arabs a name for twelve months: then they divided it into two halves, and commenced the سَنَة [or year] at the commencement of the شِتَآء

because this word is masc. and the word صَيْف [meaning in this case the “ half-year commencing at the vernal equinox ”] is fem.: then they divided the شِتَآء into two halves; the شتوى being the former; and the ربيع, the latter; [but this is a manifest mistake, probably attributable to a copyist; for, as is well known, the former half is called the رَبِيع; and the latter, the شِتَآء or ↓ شَتْوَة;] each consisting of three months; and in like manner the صَيْف and the قَيْظ consist, each, of three months: (TA:) also one of the six seasons into which the year is divided, each whereof consists of two months; namely, the season [commencing in November and ending in January,] next after that called الخَرِيفُ: (S and K voce رَبِيعٌ: [see this word; and see, again, the former of the two tables mentioned above:]) accord. to Mbr, (S,) شِتَآءٌ is pl. of ↓ شَتْوَةٌ; (S, Msb, K;) it is said to be so by IF on the authority of Kh, and by some on the authority of Fr or some other: or شِتَآءٌ and ↓ شَتْوَةٌ signify the same, (K,) as is said in the M; (TA;) [i. e.] some say that الشِّتَآءُ is a proper name for the quarter [&c.]: (Msb:) the pl. is أَشْتِيَةٌ, (S, Msb, K,) i. e. pl. of شِتَآءٌ, (S, Msb,) because أَفْعِلَةٌ, as pl. of فِعَالٌ, is peculiar to a masc. [noun]; (Msb;) and شُتِىٌّ also, (K, TA,) originally أُشْتُوىٌ [a mistake for شُتُوىٌ], written in the Tekmileh شِتِىٌّ, as on the authority of Fr.: (TA:) the pl. of its syn. ↓ مَشْتَاةٌ is مَشَاتٍ. (Msb.) b2: Also, i. e. شِتَآءٌ, Hail, syn. بَرَدٌ, (K, TA, [in the CK بَرْدٌ,]) that falls from the sky. (TA.) b3: And Drought, or dearth: (K, and Ham pp. 117 and 150:) this meaning being assigned to the شتآء exclusively of the صَيْف because in it the people keep to the tents, not going forth to seek after herbage. (TA.) شَتِىٌّ: see شَتْوِىٌّ, in two places.

شَتِيَّةٌ: see شِتَآءٌ [with which it is syn.].

شِتَائِىٌّ and شِتَاوِىٌّ: see شَتْوِىٌّ.

شَاتٍ Entering the شِتَآء, which, with them, [i. e. the Arabs, and app. in this case,] means [a season of] drought, or dearth. (Ham pp. 149-50.) b2: يَوْمٌ شَاتٍ A day intensely cold: (Msb:) or a day in which is بَرَد [i. e. hail (accord. to the CK بَرْد)]; and in like manner غَدَاةٌ شَاتِيَةٌ [a morning in which is hail]. (K, TA.) شَاتَاةٌ: see its syn. شِتَآءٌ.

مَشْتًى The place [in which one resides, stays, dwells, or abides, during the season] of the شِتَآء

[or winter, &c.]; as also ↓ مَشْتَاةٌ: (K:) pl. مَشَاتٍ. (TA.) مُشْتٍ: see شَتْوِىٌّ, last sentence. b2: It is said in a trad., as some relate it, وَالنَّاسُ مُرْمِلُونَ مُشْتُونَ, meaning The people being in a state of straitness, or dearth, and hunger, and paucity of milk: but IAth says that the reading commonly known is مُسْنِتُونَ. (TA.) مَشْتَاةٌ: see شِتَآءٌ, in two places: b2: and مَشْتًى.

صم

1 صّمَّ, (S, M, Msb, K,) and صَمِمَ, which is extr., (M, K,) [first Pers\. of each صَمِمْتُ,] aor. ـَ (M, Msb, K,) inf. n. صَمَمٌ (S, * M, Msb, K) and صَمٌّ; (M, K;) and ↓ أَصَمَّ; (S, M, Msb, K;) He was, or became, deaf; (M, * Msb, K; *) [or] he had a stoppage of the ear, and a heaviness of hearing. (M, K.) And صَمَّتِ الأُذُنُ, aor. as above, inf. n. صَمَمٌ, The ear was, or became, deaf. (Msb.) b2: [And He was, or became, as though he heard not.] One says, صَمَّ عَنْهُ (assumed tropical:) [He was as though he heard not him, or it; he was deaf to him, or it]; (M;) and عَنْهُ ↓ أَصَمَّ [meaning the same]. (S, M.) b3: [Hence صَمَّ signifies also (assumed tropical:) He or it, uttered, or made, no sound or noise; like him who, not hearing, returns no reply to a call or question; (assumed tropical:) was dumb, or mute.] One says, صَمَّتْ حَصَاةٌ بِدَمٍ (tropical:) [A pebble made no sound in falling upon the ground by reason of blood]; i. e. the blood was so copious that if one threw a pebble into it no sound would be heard in consequence thereof, (As, S, M, Meyd, K, TA,) because it would not fall upon the ground: (As, S, Meyd:) the saying is a prov. (Meyd.) And hence the saying of Imra-el-Keys, صمِّى ابْنَةَ الجَبَلِ, (S, K,) in the following verse: بُدِّلْتُ مِنْ وَائِلٍ وَكِنْدَةَ عَدْ وَانَ وَفَهْمًا صَمِّى ابْنَةَ الجَبَلِ (assumed tropical:) [I have been given in exchange, for Wáïl and Kindeh,' Adwán and Fahm: make no sound, O pebble: app. meaning that he would shed much blood]: (S, TA: but this verse is omitted in one of my two copies of the S:) or the meaning is, O echo; (S, M, Meyd, K;) so they assert: (AHeyth, TA:) or O calamity; the saying being a prov.; (Meyd, TA;) applied to the case of a severe calamity; as though meaning be dumb, O calamity; said by As to be applied in relation to an event deemed excessively foul or evil: (TA:) or O serpent; (Meyd, TA;) which is said to be the primary meaning: (Meyd:) or O rock. (A Heyth, K, TA. [See also the second of the sentences here following.]) One says also, صَمَّ صَدَاهُ (tropical:) [His echo became dumb, or may his echo become dumb;] meaning he perished, or may he perish. (S, K, TA.) And ↓ صَمِّى صَمَامِ [in the CK erroneously written صُمِّى] meaning (tropical:) Increase, O calamity: (S, K, TA:) or it is applied to a man who brings to pass a calamity, and means be dumb, O calamity: (TA:) or صَمَامِ means calamity, and war; but primarily, the serpent; and this saying, like صَمِّى ابْنَةَ الجَبَلِ, is a prov. said when two parties refuse to make peace, and persist in opposition; meaning answer not the charmer, O serpent, but continue as thou art wont to be. (Meyd.) b4: صَمَمٌ in relation to stones, (Lth, TA,) or stone, (M,) [app. as an inf. n.,] signifies The being hard [and solid (see أَصَمُّ)]; or [as a simple subst.] hardness [and solidity]: (Lth, M, TA:) and in relation to a spear-shaft, the being compact; or compactness. (M.) One says, صَمَّ الحَجَرُ, inf. n. صَمَمٌ, The stone was hard [and solid]. (MA.) And صَمَّتِ الفِتْنَةُ, meaning [The trial, or civil war, &c.,] was, or became, hard, vehement, or severe. (Msb.) A2: صَمَّ القَارُورَةَ, (S, K,) or صَمٌّ رَأْسَ القَارُورَةِ, (M,) aor. ـُ (PS, [in a copy of the M صَمِّ, contr. to a general rule in the case of a trans. verb of this class, and app. a mistranscription,]) inf. n. صَمٌّ, (M,) He stopped the flask or bottle [app. with a صَمَام]: (S, K:) or he stopped the head of the flask or bottle, and bound it; as also ↓ اصمّهُ: (K:) or اصمّ القَارُورَةَ signifies he put a صِمَام to the flask or bottle. (S, K.) b2: And صَمَّ الجُرْحَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. صَمٌّ, He bound the wound, and put upon it a bandage with medicament. (M.) b3: And صَمَّهُ, (S, M, K) inf. n. صَمٌّ, (M,) He struck him, (S, K,) or it, i. e. his head, (M,) with a staff, or stick, (S, M,) and with a stone, (S, M, K,) and with the like thereof. (M.) And صُمَّ, with damm, He was struck vehemently. (IAar, TA.) 2 صمّم, said of a sword, (S, M, K, TA,) accord. to the K, signifies It struck the joint, and cut, or severed, it: or i. q. طَبَّقَ: but this is at variance with what is said by J and other leading authorities; which is as follows: (TA:) it penetrated into the bone, and cut, or severed, it; but when it strikes the joint, and cuts, or severs, it, one says طَبَّقَ; a poet says, describing a sword, يُصَمِّمُ أَحْيَانًا وَحِينًا يُطَبِّقُ [It penetrates into the bone, &c., sometimes, and at one time it strikes the joint, &c.]: (S, TA:) or it passed into the bones: (M:) and ↓ صَمْصَمَ, said of a sword, signifies the same: (M, TA:) or تَصْمِيمٌ signifies a sword's penetrating into that which is struck with it without its causing any sound to be heard; from الصَّمَمُ in the ear. (Ham p. 326.) b2: And hence تَصْمِيمٌ signifies also (tropical:) A man's keeping constantly, or perseveringly, to the thing that he purposes, until he attains [it]. (Ham ubi suprà.) One says, صَمَّمَ عَلَى كَذَا (assumed tropical:) He kept constantly, or perseveringly, to his opinion in respect of such a thing, after his desiring to do it. (IDrd, TA.) b3: And صمّم, (S, Msb, K, TA,) inf. n. تَصْمِيمٌ, (M, K,) (tropical:) He acted, or went on, with penetrative energy, or with sharpness, vigorousness, and effectiveness, (S, M, Msb, K, TA,) in an affair, (M, Msb, K, TA,) and in journeying, (S, K, TA,) in this case said of a horse, (Z, TA,) and in other things; (S;) as also ↓ صَمْصَمَ. (K.) b4: And (tropical:) He bit, and infixed his canine teeth, (S, K, TA,) and did not let go what he bit: (S, TA:) or صمّم فِى عَضَّتِهِ he infixed his teeth [or canine teeth] in his bite. (A, TA.) b5: And صمّم الفَرَسَ العَلَفَ (tropical:) He (a man) enabled the horse to take of the fodder to such a degree that fat and repletion stuffed him. (K, * TA.) b6: And صمّم صَاحِبَهُ الحَدِيثَ (tropical:) He made his companion to retain the narrative, or story, in his memory. (K, * TA.) b7: See also the next paragraph.4 اصمّ, intrans.: see 1, first and fourth sentences.

A2: اصمّهُ He, (God, S, Msb, K,) or it, (a disease, M,) rendered him deaf; (S, * M, * Msb, K; *) [or] caused him to have a stoppage of the ear, and a heaviness of hearing. (M, K.) b2: [Hence,] أَصَمَّنِى الكَلَامَ (assumed tropical:) He, or it, diverted me from hearing the speech; as though he, or it, rendered me deaf. (TA.) b3: [Hence, اصمّهُ signifies also (assumed tropical:) He, or it, caused him to be as though he heard not. b4: And hence, (assumed tropical:) He, or it, caused him, or it, to utter, or make, no sound or noise; like him who, not hearing, returns no reply to a call, or question; to be dumb, or mute.] One says, أَصَمَّ اللّٰهُ صَدَاهُ (tropical:) [May God make his echo to return no sound;] meaning may God destroy him: (TA:) a prov., said in imprecating death upon a man; the صدي being that which returns the like of his voice, or cry, from the mountains &c.; and when a man dies, the صدي hears not from him anything that it should answer him, so that it is as though it were deaf. (Meyd.) [In the vulgar language, ↓ صَمَّمَ likewise signifies (assumed tropical:) He silenced him, reduced him to silence, or closed his mouth: so says De Sacy, in his Chrest. Arabe, sec. ed., iii. 379.] b5: And اصمّهُ [in the CK اَصْمَمَهُ] also signifies He found him to be أَصَمّ [i. e. deaf]. (S, M, K.) One says, نَادَاهُ فَأَصَمَّهُ [He called him, or called to him, and found him to be deaf]. (TA.) And أَصَمَّ دُعَاؤُهُ His call found persons deaf to it, (Th, M, K,) who would not hear his censure. (K.) b6: See also 1, near the end.6 تصامّ He feigned himself to be أَصَمّ [i. e. deaf]. (S.) [It is intrans. and trans.] You say, تصامّ عَنْهُ and تصامّهُ He feigned to him that he was deaf. (M.) And تصامّ عَنِ الحَدِيثِ (M, K) and تصامّهُ (M) He feigned (M, K) to his companion (M) that he was deaf to the narrative, or story. (M, K. *) تَصَامَمْتُهُ means تَصَامَمْتُ مِنْهُ [or عَنْهُ], i. e. I made a show of being deaf [to it], and feigned myself inattentive [to it]. (Ham p.

169.) R. Q. 1 صَمْصَمَ: see 2, in two places.

A2: صَمْصَمَتِ الصِّمَّةُ, (TK,) inf. n. صَمْصَمَةٌ, (K, TK,) The female hedge-hog uttered its cry. (K, * TK.) الصِّمُّ a name for (assumed tropical:) Calamity, or misfortune; (S, TA;) as also ↓ الصِّمَّةُ, (TA,) and so ↓ صَمَامِ, like قَطَامِ, in a phrase mentioned in the first paragraph, q. v. (S, K. [See also this last word below.]) b2: And (assumed tropical:) The lion; (S, M, K;) as also ↓ الصِّمَّةُ, (M, Msb, K,) thus called because of his courage, [i. e. from the latter word as signifying “ courageous,” but accord. to the Msb the reverse is the case,] (M,) and so ↓ الصُّمَصِمُ and ↓ الصُّمَاصِمُ: (K:) the pl. of ↓ صِمَّةٌ is صِمَمٌ. (TA.) صِمَّةٌ Courageous; (S, M, Msb, K;) applied to a man; (S, M;) one who renders deaf him whom he smites. (Er-Rághib, TA.) b2: See also the next preceding paragraph, in three places. b3: Also A male serpent: (S, K:) pl. صِمَمٌ. (S.) b4: And A female hedge-hog. (K.) b5: See also صَمَامٌ.

صَمَمٌ inf. n. of the intrans. verb صَمَّ [q. v.]. (S, * M, Msb, K.) A2: See also صِمْصِمٌ, in four places.

صَمَامِ [an imperative verbal noun, like نَزَالِ

&c.]. One says, صَمَامِ صَمَامِ, meaning Feign ye deafness, in silence. (S, K.) Also meaning Charge ye upon the enemy. (AHeyth, TA.) A2: Also (tropical:) Hard, or severe, calamity or misfortune; and so ↓ الصَّمَّآءُ; (K, TA;) [as though] closed up [or obdurate, or deaf to deprecation]: (TA:) or الصَّمَّآءُ signifies [simply] calamity, or misfortune: (S:) and ↓ دَاهِيَةٌ صَمَّآءُ signifies a calamity, or misfortune, [as though] closed up, and hard. (M.) See also الصِّمُّ, above.

صِمَامٌ The سِدَاد [or stopper], (S, M, K,) [i. e.] the thing that is put into the mouth, (Msb,) of a flask, or bottle: (S, M, Msb, K:) and its شِدَاد [app. meaning the piece of skin that is tied over the head]: (M:) or accord. to some it signifies the عِفَاص [which has the latter meaning]: (Msb:) or it signifies the thing that is put into the head of the flask, or bottle; and عِفَاص signifies the “ thing [or piece of skin] that is tied upon it: ” (M:) and ↓ صِمَامَةٌ signifies the same as صِمَامٌ, (IAar, K,) as also ↓ صِمَّةٌ. (K.) b2: Also The فَرْج; perhaps for مَوْضِعُ صِمَامٍ: (Mgh, TA:) so in a trad., in which it is said that الوَطْءُ should be in one صِمَام: but, as some relate it, the word is there with س [i. e. سِمَام]. (TA.) صَمِيمٌ The bone that is the [main] stay, or support, of the limb or member or the like; (M, K, and Ham p. 302;) as the صميم [or principal bone] of the shank (M and Ham) of a beast, (M,) and that of the head; (M and Ham;) opposed to وَشِيظٌ, because the latter is smaller than the former: (M:) and the thing that is the [main] stay, or support, of another thing. (Ham p. 359.) b2: [Hence,] The heart: so in a saying of a poet cited voce دَلَفَ. (Ham p. 678.) b3: And hence, also, (TA,) (tropical:) The prime, principal, or most essential, part; (M, K, TA;) the choice, best, or most excellent, part; of a thing (S, M, Msb, K, TA) of any kind. (M.) One says, هُوَ فِى صَمِيمِ قَوْمِهِ (tropical:) [He is of the choice, best, or most excellent, of his people or party; of the main stock thereof; or of those that constitute the members, exclusive of such as are followers, or incorporated confederates, thereof]: (S, TA:) contr. of شَظًى (S in art. شظى) [and of شِقٌّ, q. v.]. b4: And (tropical:) The greatest intenseness or vehemence or violence, or the most intense or vehement or violent degree, of heat, and of cold: (S, K, TA:) or simply the intenseness or vehemence or violence thereof. (M.) b5: And (assumed tropical:) The middle [or core] of the heart. (Msb.) b6: And The shell (lit. the dry, or hard, exterior covering) of the egg. (K.) A2: Also an epithet, applied to a man, (M, K,) and to a woman, and to two persons (M,) and to a pl. number, (M, K,) (tropical:) Pure, unmixed, or genuine, in respect of race, lineage, or parentage. (M, K, TA.) صِمَامَةٌ: see صِمَامٌ.

صَمَّانٌ Hard ground, (M,) [i. e.] any such ground, (K,) containing stones, by the side of sands; as also ↓ صَمَّانَةٌ: (M, K:) or the latter is a n. un.; and the former signifies hard ground: (Ham p. 285:) or rugged ground, (S, M,) falling short of what is called جَبَلٌ: (M:) it is so called because of its hardness. (TA.) صَمَّانَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

صَمْصَمٌ Very niggardly or tenacious: (K:) or niggardly, or tenacious, in the utmost degree. (IAar, TA.) b2: See also the next paragraph. b3: [And see ضَمْضَمٌ.]

صِمْصِمٌ, (S, M, K,) applied to a man, (S, M,) Thick: (A'Obeyd, S:) or short and thick: (M, K:) or it signifies, (S,) or signifies also, (K,) bold, or daring; that acts, or proceeds, with penetrative energy, or with sharpness, vigorousness, and effectiveness: (S, K:) and applied to a man and to a horse, (M, K,) and to a mare, (M,) [in like manner,] i. q. ↓ مُصَمِّمٌ [and مُصَمِّمَةٌ (in the CK مُصَمَّمٌ is erroneously put for مُصَمِّمٌ) i. e. that acts, or proceeds, with penetrative energy, or with sharpness, vigourousness, and effectiveness], (M, K,) as also ↓ صَمَمٌ, (K, TA,) or ↓ صَمْصَمٌ, (so in a copy of the M,) and ↓ صَمْصَامٌ, and ↓ صَمْصَامَةٌ, and ↓ صُمَصِمٌ, and ↓ صُمَاصِمٌ, (M, K, the last omitted in the TA,) and ↓ صُمَاصِمَةٌ: (K:) or strong, robust, or hardy: or compact in make: (M, in relation to all of these epithets:) or ↓ صَمَمٌ, applied to a man, has the former of these two meanings: or the latter of them; as also صِمْصِمٌ, and ↓ صُمَصِمٌ: and, accord. to AO, ↓ صَمَمٌ applied to a horse, and ↓ صَمَمَةٌ to a mare, signify strong, firm, compact in make. (TA.) A2: See also صِمْصِمَةٌ.

صُمَصِمٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places: b2: and see also الصِّمُّ.

صَمْصَمَةٌ inf. n. of R. Q. 1 [q. v.]

A2: See also the paragraph here following.

صِمْصِمَةٌ A company, or collection, (M, K,) of men; like زِمْزِمَةٌ; neither of which words is formed by substitution from the other: (M, TA: [in the TA in art. زم, this is said of زِمْزِمَةٌ and ضِمْضِمَةٌ:]) pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] ↓ صِمْصِمٌ. (M, K.) b2: Also The middle of a people or party; and so ↓ صَمْصَمَةٌ. (K.) b3: And A rugged [hill such as is termed]

أَكَمَة, of which the stones are almost erect. (En-Nadr, TA.) صَمْصَامٌ, (S, K,) or سَيْفٌ صَمْصَامٌ, (M,) and ↓ صَمْصَامَةٌ, (S, M, K, [in the CK, erroneously, صِمْصَامَة,]) A sword, (K,) or a sharp sword, (S, M,) that will not bend. (S, M, K.) الصَّمْصَامُ, (S, K,) or ↓ الصَّمْصَامَةُ, (M,) was the name of The sword of 'Amr Ibn-Maadee-Kerib. (S, M, K.) And some of the Arabs make ↓ صَمْصَامَةُ, thus without tenween, imperfectly decl., to be the name of A particular sword. (IB, TA.) b2: See also صِمْصِمٌ.

صَمْصَامَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in three places: b2: and see also صِمْصِمٌ.

صُمَاصِمٌ: see صِمْصِمٌ: b2: and see also الصِّمُّ.

صُمَاصِمَةٌ: see صِمْصِمٌ.

أَصَمُّ applied to any animal, (Mgh,) Deaf; (S, * M, * Mgh, Msb, K; *) [or] having a stoppage of the ear, and a heaviness of hearing; (M, K:) fem.

صَمَّآءُ: (Mgh, Msb:) pl. صُمٌّ (M, Msb, K) and صُمَّانٌ. (M, K.) A poet says, أَصَمُّ عَمَّا سَآءَهُ سَمِيعُ (TA,) a prov., (Meyd,) meaning Feigning himself deaf to that which displeases him, (Meyd, TA,) i. e. to what is foul, (Meyd,) as though he heard it not, (TA,) but hearing (Meyd, TA) that which pleases him, i. e. what is good; as does the generous man. (Meyd.) And similar is the saying, وَلِى أُذْنٌ عَنِ الفَحْشَآءِ صَمَّا [And I have an ear deaf to that which is foul]. (TA.) [See also Ham p. 636, for another similar ex.] One says likewise, دَعَاهُ دَعْوَةَ الأَصَمِّ (assumed tropical:) He called him [with the call of the deaf, meaning,] with extraordinary force. (TA.) And ضَرَبَهُ ضَرْبَ الأَصَمِّ (tropical:) He beat him [with the beating of the deaf, meaning,] uninterruptedly and excessively; because the deaf, when he does thus, [not hearing any cry,] imagines that he is falling short of what he should do, and therefore will not leave off. (TA.) And لَمَعَ بِثَوْبِهِ لَمْعَ الأَصَمِّ (assumed tropical:) He (one warning a people from afar) made a sign by waving his garment continually, as does the deaf; as though he heard not the reply. (TA.) and حَيَّةٌ أَصَمُّ (M, K, TA) and صَمَّآءُ (TA) (tropical:) A serpent that will not accept charming; (M, K, TA;) as though it heard it not; (M;) that will not obey the charmer: (TA:) and [in like manner] the epithet صُمٌّ is applied to scorpions. (M.) and رَجُلٌ أَصَمُّ (tropical:) A man whom one does not hope to win over, and who will not be turned back from the object of his desire; (M, K, TA;) as though he were called and would not hear. (M, TA.) And دَهْرٌ أَصَمُّ (assumed tropical:) [Inexorable fortune;] as though one complained to it and it would not hear. (M.) And الصَّمَّآءُ and دَاهِيَةٌ صَمَّآءُ as expl. voce صَمَامِ, q. v. And فِتْنَةٌ صَمَّآءُ (assumed tropical:) A sedition, or the like, that is severe, or hard to be borne; (S, Msb;) to the allaying of which there is no way; because of its having gone to the utmost extent. (TA. [See also أَبْكَمُ.]) And أَمْرٌ أَصَمُّ (assumed tropical:) An affair, or event, that is severe, or hard to be borne. (TA.) and صَمَمٌ is tropically attributed to الحِلْم: (M:) a poet, cited by Th, says, قُلْ مَا بَدَا لَكَ مِنْ زُورٍ وَمِنْ كَذِبٍ

حِلْمِى أَصَمُّ وَأُذْنِى غَيْرُ صَمَّآءِ (tropical:) [the last word I find written thus, app. for the sake of the rhyme: i. e. Say what occurs to thee, of falsehood and of lying: my forbearance is deaf, i. e. insensible, to it, though my ear is not deaf]. (M, TA.) صَمَّآءُ is applied to a قَطَاة [or bird of the species termed قَطًا, and may in this case be rendered (assumed tropical:) Small-eared, or dull-eared, being applied thereto] because of the سَكَك [i. e. smallness

&c.] of its ear or because it is deaf when thirsting. (M.) And الأَصَمُّ [as though meaning (tropical:) The deafmute] is an epithet applied to رَجَب, (S, M, Msb, K,) the month thus named, (Msb,) which the people of the Time of Ignorance called شَهْرُ اللّٰهِ الأَصَمُّ, (Kh, S,) because the cry of the caller for aid was not heard in it, (Kh, S, M, Msb, K, *) shouting يَا لَفُلَانٍ and يَا صَبَاحَاهْ, (M, K,) nor the commotion of fight, (Kh, S, Msb,) nor the clash of arms, it being one of the sacred months: (Kh, S:) thus applied it is tropical, like نَائِمٌ in the phrase لَيْلٌ نَائِمٌ; as though, in it, the man were deaf to the sound of arms: (TA:) and in like manner it is also called مُنْصِلُ الأَلِّ. (M. [See also الأَصَبُّ, and مُحَرَّمٌ, and شَهْرٌ.]) b2: And [as that which is without a cavity is generally nonsonorous,] one says حَجَرٌ أَصَمُّ meaning (tropical:) Hard (S, M, Msb, K) and solid (S, Msb, K) stone: (S, &c.:) and صَخْرَةٌ صَمَّآءُ (tropical:) a hard and solid rock: (K, TA:) or this latter signifies (assumed tropical:) a rock in which is no crack nor hole: pl. صُمٌّ. (TA.) And قَنَاةٌ صَمَّآءُ (assumed tropical:) A compact spear-shaft. (M.) b3: الصَّمَّآءُ also signifies (assumed tropical:) The earth, or ground. (M:) and أَرْضٌ صَمَّآءُ (assumed tropical:) Rugged ground: pl. صُمٌّ. (K.) b4: Also [app. (assumed tropical:) The vermiform appendage of the cœcum;] the thin, or slender, extremity of the عفجة: (K: [the last word in this explanation is thus, without any syll. signs, in my MS. copy of the K and in the TA: in the CK, عَفِجَة: but the right reading is evidently عِفَجَة, which is said in the TA, in art. عفج, to be, like أَعْفَاجٌ, a pl. of عَفَجٌ and its dial. vars.: see this last word:] thus called [in my opinion because resembling a meatus auditorius that is closed, and therefore deaf; though said to be so called] because of its hardness. (TA.) b5: And نَاقَةٌ صَمَّآءُ (tropical:) A fat she-camel: (K, TA:) and, (K,) or as some say, (TA,) one that has just conceived, or become pregnant. (K, TA.) b6: اِشْتِمَالُ الصَّمَّآءِ, (S, Msb, K, TA,) which is forbidden in a trad., (TA,) is (assumed tropical:) The covering oneself with his garment, like [as is done in the case of] the شِمْلَة of the Arabs of the desert with their [garments called] أَكْسِيَة [pl. of كِسَآء]; (A'Obeyd, S;) i. e. the turning the كِسَآء, from the direction of one's right, upon his left arm and the part between his left shoulderjoint and neck, and then turning it a second time, from behind him, upon his right arm and the part between his right shoulder-joint and neck, so as to cover them both: (A'Obeyd, S, K:) or the wrapping oneself with the garment without making to it a place from which to put forth the hand: (Msb:) or, (K,) as the lawyers explain it, (A'Obeyd, S,) it is the wrapping one's body and arms with one garment, not having upon him another, and then raising it [in the K, as is said in the TA, يَضَعُهُ is erroneously put for يَرْفَعُهُ] on one of its sides, and putting it upon his shoulder, so that his pudendum appears from it: (A'Obeyd, S, K:) [but] with the Arabs, لِبْسَةُ الصَّمَّآءِ means the covering one's whole body with his garment, and not raising a side from which to put forth his hand: (Mgh:) when you say, of a man, اِشْتَمَلَ الصَّمَّآءَ, it is as though you said, اِشْتَمَلَ الشِّمْلَةَ الصَّمَّآءَ; for الصَّمَّآء is a sort of اِشْتِمَال. (S. [See also اِشْتَمَلَ, and الشِّمْلَةُ الصَّمَّآءُ, in art. شمل.]) b7: جَذْرٌ أَصَمُّ (assumed tropical:) A surd, or an irrational, root, in arithmetic; which is known only to God, accord. to a saying of 'Áïsheh: opposed to جَذْرٌ نَاطِقٌ. (Mgh in art. جذر.) b8: [فِعْلٌ أَصَمُّ A surd verb is a term sometimes used in grammar, as meaning a triliteral-radical verb of the class commonly called مُضَاعَفٌ of which the second and third radicals are the same letter.]

صَوْتٌ مَصِمٌّ A sound, or noise, or voice, that deafens the ear-hole. (TA.) أَلْفٌ مُصَمَّمٌ (assumed tropical:) A thousand completed; like مُصَمَّتٌ and مُصْمَتٌ. (TA in art. صمت.) مُصَمِّمٌ A sword that passes into the bones: (M:) or that penetrates into that which is struck with it. (TA.) b2: See also صِمْصِمٌ. b3: And (assumed tropical:) A strong camel: so says Aboo-' Amr Esh-Sheybánee: and he cites the saying, حَمَّلْتُ أَثْقَالِى مُصَمِّمَاتِهَا [as meaning I loaded their strong camels with my burdens]: (TA:) or the مُصَمِّمَات, here mentioned, are the camels that do not utter a grumbling cry; patient of travel. (Ham p. 791.)

بك

ى1 بَكَى, aor. ـِ (Msb, K,) inf. n. بُكَآءٌ and بُكًا (S, Msb, K) and مَبْكًى, (Har p. 11,) He wept; i. e. he lamented, or grieved, shedding tears at the same time; and he lamented, or grieved, alone; and he shed tears alone: (Er-Rághib, TA:) accord. to some, the preferable opinion is, that there is no difference between بُكَآءُ and بُكًا: (TA:) or the former means the crying, or uttering of the voice [of lamentation], (S, IKtt, Msb, TA, &c.,) that accompanies البُكَآء [so in copies of the S and in the TA, but correctly البُكَا]; (S, IKtt, TA;) and the latter (بُكًا), the shedding of tears: (S, IKtt, Msb, TA, &c.:) or the former, i. e. with medd, means the shedding of tears by reason of lamentation, or grief, and raising of the voice, or crying, [at the same time,] when the voice is predominant, being like رُغَآءٌ, and ثُغَآءٌ and other words of the same form applied to denote the uttering of a cry or of the voice; and the latter, [the shedding of tears &c.] when lamentation, or grief, is predominant: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or by the former is meant the crying, or uttering of the voice [of lamentation]; and by the latter, the lamenting, or grieving. (Kh, TA.) تَبْكَآءٌ and تِبْكَآءٌ [may be inf. ns. of بَكَى or of ↓ بَكَّى, and] signify the same as بُكَآءٌ: or much بُكَاء [or weeping, &c.]: (K:) MF asserts that تِبْكَآءٌ (with kesr) and the former of these explanations are unknown; but both the word and the explanation are mentioned by Lh, as used in a form of words uttered by Arab women of the desert to fascinate men: ISd, however, says that it should be تَبْكَآء, because it is an inf. n. of a class formed to denote muchness [of the attribute signified by the verb], like تَهْذَارٌ and تَلْعَابٌ &c.; and IAar says that تَبْكَاءٌ, with fet-h, has the latter of the two significations assigned to it above. (TA.) [See what is said of the measure تِفْعَالٌ voce بَيَّنَ.] You say, بَكَى لَهُ (MF, TA) and بَكَى عَلَيْهِ, (S, Msb, K, MF,) meaning [He wept] for, or over, him, or it: and only بَكَى بِهِ [or thus and also بَكَىمِنْهُ as appears from what follows] when meaning [He wept] because, or in consequence, of it: ('Ináyeh, MF, TA:) and بَكَاهُ and ↓ بَكَّاهُ, (As, Az, S, Msb, K,) inf. n. of the former بُكَآءٌ (K) [and بُكًا], and of the latter تَبْكِيَةٌ, (TA,) signify the same as بَكَى

عَلَيْهِ; (As, Az, S, Msb, * K;) the object being a man: (As, S:) and (or as some say, TA) he wept for, or over, him, i. e., one dead; or did so, and enumerated his good qualities or actions; syn. رَثَاهُ: (K:) or, as some say, بَكَاهُ means [he wept because, or in consequence, of it, i. e.,] on account of being pained: and بَكَى عَلَيْهِ, [he wept for, or over, him,] by reason of tenderness of heart, or compassion: and [hence] it is said that بَكَيْتُهُ is originally بَكَيْتُ مِنْهُ: (TA:) [and ↓ بَكَّاهُ may have an intensive, or a frequentative, meaning; for it is said that] بَكِّى, addressed to the eye, signifies weep thou much, and repeatedly. (Ham p. 461.) b2: [Hence,] بَكَت السَّحَابَةُ (assumed tropical:) The cloud rained. (Msb.) b3: بَكَى also means He sang: [in the CK, وبَكَى عَنِّى is erroneously put for وبَكَى غَنَّى:] thus it has two contr. significations: (K, TA:) accord. to MF, it has this meaning only in relation to the pigeon and the like; but it is also used in this sense when said of a man, as in a verse cited voce جَنَازَةٌ, q. v. : and he observes that the assertion of its having two contr significations requires consideration, seeing that it is also said to signify رَثَى; [for in the performance of رِثَآء, it is a common practice to sing;] but رِثَآء is generally accompanied by lamentation, and غِنَآء by rejoicing. (TA.) b4: بَاكَيْتُهُ فَبَكَيْتُهُ: see 3.2 بَكَّىَ see 1, in three places: A2: and see also 4.3 بَاكَيْتُهُ فَبَكَيْتُهُ, (S, TA,) aor. of the latter أَبْكُوهُ, (TA,) or أَبْكِيهِ, retaining its original form, accord. to a rule observed in the case of a verb having an infirm letter [for its second or third radical] lest a verb with a radical ى should be confounded with one having a radical و, (Ham p. 670,) i. e. [I vied with him, or strove to exceed him, in weeping, and I exceeded him therein, or] I was a greater weeper (أَبْكَى) than he. (S, TA.) 4 ابكاهُ [He made him, or caused him, to weep; or] he did to him what made him to weep; (S, K;) as also ↓ استبكاهُ. (S.) And عَلَيْهِ ↓ بكّاهُ, inf. n. تَبْكِيَةٌ, He excited him to weep for him, or it; (K, TA;) namely, a person dead, (K,) or a thing lost. (TA.) 6 تباكى signifies تَكَلَّفَ البُكَآءَ [i. e. He affected weeping; or endeavoured, or constrained himself, to weep]. (S, K.) Hence, in a trad., فَإِنْ لَمْ تَجِدُوا بُكَآءً فَتَبَاكَوْا [And if ye experience not weeping, endeavour to weep]: (TA:) [or the words of the trad. are] اُتْلُوا القُرْآنَ وَابْكُوا فَإِنْ لَمْ تَبْكُوا فَتَبَاكَوْا [Peruse ye the Kur-án, and weep; or, if ye weep not, endeavour to do so]. (Bd in xix. 59.) b2: And He feigned, or made a show of, weeping. (Har p. 602.) 10 استبكاهُ: see 4. b2: Also He desired, or required, of him weeping. (TA.) بَكِىٌّ One who weeps much; (S, K;) as also ↓ بَكَّآءٌ. (K, but omitted in some copies and in the TA.) A2: رَجُلٌ عَيِيٌّ بَكِىٌّ, A man unable to speak. (Mbr, TA.) [But perhaps this should be بَكِىْءٌ: see art. بكأ.]

بَكَّآءٌ: see بَكِىٌّ.

بَاكٍ part. n. of بَكَى [i. e. Weeping, &c.]: (K:) pl. بُكِىٌّ, (S, K,) of the measure فُعُولٌ, with the و changed into ى [and the second dammeh consequently into a kesreh, wherefore it is also, sometimes, pronounced بِكِىٌّ], (S,) and بُكَاةٌ, (K,) which is agreeable with analogy and usage, though said by Es-Semeen to have not been heard. (TA.) [The pl. of the fem., i. e. of بَاكِيَةٌ, is بَاكِيَاتٌ and بَوَاكٍ.]

أَبْكَى [A greater weeper, or one who weeps more, than another: see 3]. (S, TA.)