شهر
1 شَهَرَهُ, (
S,
A,
K,)
aor. ـَ (
S,
K,)
inf. n. شَهْرٌ and شُهْرَةٌ; (
S;) and ↓ شهّرهُ, (
S,
A,
O,
K,)
inf. n. تَشْهِيرٌ; (
S;) and ↓ اشتهرهُ; (
S,
K;) He made it apparent, conspicuous, manifest, notorious, notable, commonly known, or public: (
S,
O,
MF:) or [it generally means] he made it apparent, &c., as bad, evil, abominable, foul, or unseemly; he exposed it as such; or rendered it notorious in a bad sense, or infamous. (
A,
K.) You say, شَهَرْتُ الحَدِيثَ,
inf. n. as above, I divulged the story, or discourse. (
Msb.) And ↓ لِفُلَانٍ فَضِيلَةٌ اشْتَهَرَهَا النَّاسُ [Such a one has an excellent quality which the people have made commonly known]. (
S.) And شَهَرْتُهُ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ I rendered him conspicuous [or notorious or celebrated or renowned] among the people. (
Msb.) And شَهَرْتُ زَيْدًا بِكَذَا and ↓ شهّرته [I rendered Zeyd conspicuous, notorious, celebrated, or renowned, for such a thing]; (
Mgh, *
Msb;) [but] the latter has an intensive signification: ↓ أَشْهَرْتُهُ, with ا, in the sense of شَهَرْتُهُ, has not been transmitted: (
Msb:) or is not of established authority. (
Mgh.) One says also, شُهِرَ بِكَذَا, and ↓ اِشْتَهَرَ, [generally, but not always, in a bad sense, meaning] He was rendered, or became, notorious, or infamous, for such a thing: (
A:) the latter verb being
intrans. as well as
trans. (
TA.) And [hence one says,] ↓ اِشْتَهَرْتُ فُلَانًا meaning (
tropical:) I held such a one in light, or little, estimation, or in contempt, and exposed his vices, faults, or evil qualities or actions. (
A.)
b2: And شَهَرَ سَيْفَهُ, (
S,
A,
Msb,
K,)
aor. ـَ (
S,
Msb,
K,)
inf. n. شَهْرٌ, (
S,
Msb,) He drew his sword (
S,
Msb,
TA) from its scabbard: (
TA:) or he drew his sword and raised it over the people; (
A,
K;) as also ↓ شهّرهُ. (
K.) 2 شَهَّرَ see above, in three places. [In modern Arabic, شهّر often signifies He paraded an offender as a public example; and it occurs in this sense in the
S and
TA in art. بلس, &c.: the offender, in this case, is generally mounted upon an ass or a camel, and often with his face towards the animal's tail.]
3 شاهرهُ, (
K,)
inf. n. مُشَاهَرَةٌ (
S,
K) and شِهَارٌ, (
K,) He hired him, or took him as a hired man or hireling, for [or by] the month: (
Lh,
K:) or he made an engagement, or a contract, with him for work or the like, by the month, or month by month: (
TA:) المُشَاهَرَةُ from الشَّهْرُ is like المُعَاوَمَةُ from العَامُ. (
S,
TA.) 4 أَشْهَرَ see 1.
A2: أَشْهَرْنَا, (
S,
Msb, *
K,)
inf. n. إِشْهَارٌ, (
Msb,) A month passed (
lit. came) over us. (
S,
Msb, *
K.) And اشهر الصَّبِىُّ [The child became a month old; or] a month passed (
lit. came) over the child: similar to أَحْوَلَ, (
A,) or to أَحَالَ. (
Msb.) And اشهرت الدَّارُ The house became altered, or changed, and months passed over it. (
TA in art. حول.)
b2: Also We remained, stayed, dwelt, or abode, a month in a place. (
ISk,
S.)
b3: And We entered upon the month, i. e., the lunar month. (
Th,
S.)
b4: And اشهرت She (a woman) entered upon the month of her bringing forth. (
Msb,
K.) 8 اشتهر It was, or became, apparent, conspicuous, manifest, notorious, notable, commonly known, or public: (
S:) or [it generally means] it was, or became, apparent, &c., as bad, evil, abominable, foul, or unseemly; it was, or became, exposed as such, or rendered notorious in a bad sense or infamous. (
A,
K.) It (a story, or discourse,) became divulged, or public. (
Msb.) اشتهر بِكَذَا: see 1.
A2: As a
trans. verb: see 1 in three places.
شَهْرٌ The new moon, when it appears: (
IF,
A,
Mgh,
O,
Msb,
K:) so called because of its conspicuousness. (
Mgh,
Msb.) This is the original signification. (
Mgh.) [See the last sentence of this paragraph.] You say, رَأَيْتُ الشَّهْرَ, meaning I saw the new moon of the month. (
Mgh.) Hence it is said in a
trad., صُومُوا الشَّهْرَ, meaning Fast ye the first day of the lunar month. (
Lh,
TA.) And hence the
trad., إِنَّمَا الشَّهْرُ تِسْعٌ وَعِشْرُونَ, meaning The utility of watching for the new moon is on the nine and twentieth night. (
L,
TA.) [Or the meaning is, that the lunar month is a period of nine and twenty nights.]
b2: Also The moon: or the moon when conspicuous, and near to being full. (
K.)
b3: And [A lunar month;] a certain well-known number of days: so called because made manifest by the moon: (
ISd,
K:) an arabicized word; or, as some say, Arabic; (
Msb;) and so called because of its being manifest: (
Msb,
TA:)
pl. [of pauc.] أَشْهُرٌ (
Msb,
K) and [of mult.] شُهُورٌ. (
S,
Msb,
K.) The following are the modern names of the months:
1. المُحَرَّمُ [to which the
epithet الحَرَامُ is often added]:
2. صَفَرٌ [to which the
epithet الخَيْرُ is often added]:
3. رَبِيعٌ الأَوَّلُ
4. رَبِيعٌ الآخِرُ [or الثَّانِى]
5. جُمَادَى الأُولَى
6. جُمَادَى الآخِرَةُ [or الثَّانِيَةُ]
7. رَجَبٌ [to which is often added the
epithet الأَصَمُّ, and that of الفَرْدُ]
8. شَعْبَانُ [to which we often find the
epithet المُعَظَّمُ added, and sometimes that of الشَّرِيفُ]
9. رَمَضَانُ [to which the
epithet المُبَارَكُ is appropriated]:
10. شَوَّالٌ [to which the
epithet المُكَرَّمُ is frequently added]:
11. ذُو القَعْدَةِ: and
12. ذُو الحِجَّةِ: [see the second of the two tables in p. 1254:]
and the following are the names by which they were called by the tribe of 'Ád, agreeably with the foregoing numeration:
1. مُؤْتَمِرٌ:
2. نَاجِرٌ:
3. خَوَّانٌ:
4. بُصَّانٌ [
q. v.]:
5. رُبَّى:
6. حَنِينٌ:
7. الأَصَمُّ:
8. عَاذِلٌ:
9. نَاتِقٌ:
10. وَعْلٌ:
11. وَرْنَةُ: and
12. بُرَكٌ [or بُرَكُ?]. (Ibn-El-Kelbee, in
TA,
voce مُؤْتَمِرٌ.
[But authors differ respecting some of these names, as will be seen in other articles.]) أَشْهُرٌ مَعْلُومَاتٌ, said, in the
Kur [ii. 193], to be the period of the pilgrimage, for by الحَجُّ, which immediately precedes, is meant وَقْتُ الحَجِّ, (
Mgh,
Msb,) or زَمَانُ الحَجِّ, (
Msb,) applies to Showwál and Dhul-Kaadeh and ten days of Dhu-l-Hijjeh, (
Mgh,
Msb,)
accord. to Aboo-Haneefeh (
Mgh) and most of the learned, part of Dhu-l-Hijjeh being called a month tropically, as is often done by the Arabs in similar cases, relating to time; for
ex. when they say, مَا رَأَيْتُهُ مُذْ يَوْمَانِ, the period of separation having been a day and a part of a day: (
Msb:) or [and] nine days of Dhu-l-Hijjeh with the night preceding the day of the sacrifice,
accord. to Esh-
Sháfi'ee: (
Mgh:) or [and] all Dhu-l-Hijjeh,
accord. to
Málik: (
Mgh,
Msb:) [in these two explanations the two months next preceding being meant to be included:] or Showwál and Dhu-l- Kaadeh and Dhu-l-Hijjeh and Moharram,
accord. to Aboo-'Amr Esh-Shaabee. (
Msb.)
b4: Also (assumed
tropical:) A learned man: (
O,
K:) [because of his celebrity:]
pl. شُهُورٌ. (
O,
TA.)
b5: [And
accord. to the
K, it signifies also The like of a nail-paring: but this is
app. a mistake, perhaps originating from a mutilated transcript of what here follows:] a poet says, describing camels,
أَبْدَأْنَ مِنْ نَجْدٍ عَلَى ثِقَةٍ
وَالشَّهْرُ مِثْلُ قُلَامَةِ الظُّفْرِ
[They went forth from Nejd in a state of confidence, the new moon being like the nail-paring]. (
O.) شُهْرَةٌ a
subst. from الاِشْتِهَارُ, (
Mgh,) signifying The appearance, conspicuousness, manifestness, notoriousness, notableness, or publicity, of a thing: (
S,
O,
Msb:) or [generally] its appearance, &c., as bad, evil, abominable, foul, or unseemly; its notoriousness in a bad sense, or infamousness. (
A,
K.)
b2: Any evil thing that exposes its author to disgrace; any disgraceful, or shameful, thing; a vice, or fault, or the like. (
IAar,
O,
TA.)
b3: A dress of the most excellent or superb kind; and one of the vilest or meanest kind: both of which are forbidden. (
Mgh.)
b4: [It is also used in the sense of
مَشْهُــورٌ.] One says, جَعَلَهُ شُهْرَةً (
tropical:) [He rendered him notorious, either in a bad or in a good sense]. (
A.) And صَارَ شُهْرَةً, (
K in art. دول,) i. e.
مَشْهُــورًا (assumed
tropical:) [He became notorious, &c.]; said of a man. (
TK in that art.) بِرْذَوْنٌ شِهْرِىٌّ A برذون [or hackney] between the رَمَكَة [or mare of mean breed] and the horse of generous breed: one says, لَمْ يَرْكَبِ الشِّهْرِيَّةَ and الشَّهَارِىَ [He did not ride hackneys of the sort above mentioned]: (
A:) or شِهْرِيَّةٌ signifies بَرَاذِين [or hackneys]; and its
pl. is شَهَارٍ: (
Mgh:) or a sort of بَرَاذِين [or hackneys]; (
Lth,
O,
K;) a horse of which the dam is Arabian but not the sire. (
Lth, O.) شَهِيرٌ: see
مَشْهُــورٌ.
b2: شَهِيرَةٌ A woman, and a she-ass, broad (
O,
K) and bulky. (
O.) أَشْهَرُ More, and most, apparent, conspicuous, manifest, notorious, &c.; better, and best, known.
b2: Hence, الأَشْهَرَانِ The drum and the banner. (Gol., from
Meyd.)]
أَشَاهِرُ [in the
CK اَشاهِيرُ] The whiteness of the narcissus. (
K,
TA.)
مُشْهِــرٌ A child a month old. (
O,
TA.)
مُشَهَّــرٌ: see the following paragraph.
مَشْهُــورٌ Of known place or station; (
K;) well known; well spoken of; celebrated; held in repute; reputable; notable; eminent; (
O,
K,
TA;) applied to a man; (
O,
TA;) as also ↓ شَهِيرٌ, (
O,
K,
TA,) and [in an intensive sense] ↓
مُشَهَّــرٌ. (
TA.) [And Anything apparent, conspicuous, manifest, notorious, notable, commonly known, or public:
lit. rendered apparent &c. Applied to a word or phrase or meaning, Commonly known or obtaining or received; well known; or held in repute. Hence عَلَى الـ
ـمَشْهُــورِ According to common, or well-known, usage; or according to common repute.]
