فوه

1 فَاهَ بِهِ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (S, Msb) and يَفِيهُ also, (ISd, TA,) inf. n. فَوْهٌ, (MA,) [and inf. n. of unity فَوْهَةٌ, (see Har p. 434,)] He uttered it, or pronounced it, (S, Msb, K,) namely, a saying; (S;) as also ↓ تفوّه. (S, K.) One says, مَا فُهْتُ بِكَلِمَةٍ, and ↓ ما تَفَوَّهْتُ, i. e. I opened not my mouth with a word, or sentence. (S.) فَاهَ لِسَانٌ, a phrase used by El-Hareeree, the Arabs did not say: they only said, فاه الرَّجُلُ بِكَذَا [The man opened his mouth with such a thing, i. e., with such a saying, &c.]. (Har p. 191.) And هٰذَا أَمْرٌ مَا فُهْتُ عَنْهُ, inf. n. فُوُوهٌ [or فُؤُوهٌ ?], is a saying mentioned by Fr, as meaning This is a thing, or an affair, which I mentioned not, or have not mentioned. (TA.) b2: See also 2.

A2: فَوِهَ, aor. ـْ [inf. n. فَوَهٌ,] He (a man) had what is termed ↓ فَوَهٌ, (S, TA,) which means width of the mouth, (S, K, TA,) and largeness thereof: (TA:) or protrusion and length of the upper central incisors: (S, TA:) or length of all the teeth; length of the upper central incisors being termed رَوَقٌ: (IB, TA:) or protrusion of the teeth from the lips, with length thereof. (K, TA.) 2 فوّههُ He (i. e. God) made him to be أَفْوَه [or wide in the mouth, &c.]. (S, K.) b2: شَدَّ مَا فَوَّهْتَ فِى هٰذَا الطَّعَامِ, [thus accord. to the TA, but an explanation of مُفَوَّهٌ seems to show that the right reading is فُوِّهْتَ, in the pass. form,] and ↓ تَفَوَّهْتَ, and ↓ فُهْتَ, means شَدَّ مَا أَكَلْتَ [app. Much indeed, or greatly indeed, didst thou eat, or hast thou eaten, of this food; see شَدَّ: and see also 10]. (TA.) 3 فاوههُ, (K, TA,) inf. n. مُفَاوَهَةٌ; (TA;) and فَاهَاهُ, [formed from the former by transposition,] (K, TA,) inf. n. مُفَاهَاةٌ; (TA;) He talked, or discoursed, with him: [see also 6:] and he contended with him for superiority in glory, or excellence. (K, TA.) 5 تفوّه He spoke. (KL.) See also 1, first and second sentences. b2: And see 2.

A2: تفوّه المَكَانَ (assumed tropical:) He entered the فُوَّهَة of the place; (K, TA;) i. e., the mouth thereof; likened to the فَم [properly thus called] as being the first place of ingress to the interior thereof. (TA.) 6 تفاوهوا They talked [app. one to another: see 3]. (K.) 10 استفاه, (S, K,) inf. n. اِسْتِفَاهَةٌ and اِسْتِفَاهٌ, (K,) the latter mentioned by Lh, (TA,) He (a man, S) ate, (S, K,) or drank, (K,) vehemently, after scantiness, (S, K,) or after weakness; (so in a copy of the S;) but seldom used in relation to drinking: or you say, استفاه فِى الطَّعَامِ, meaning he ate much of the food: so says IAar, not particularizing the act as being after scarcity or not. (TA.) [See also 2.] b2: And He quenched his thirst by drinking. (K.) فَاهٌ: see what next follows: and see the next paragraph again, in the latter half: A2: and the same word, and فَاهٍ, (the latter in two places,) see voce فَاوُوهَةٌ.

فُوهٌ and ↓ فَاهٌ and ↓ فِيهٌ (K, TA) and, accord. to the copies of the K, فُوهَةٌ, [or, as in the CK, فَوْهَة,] but correctly ↓ فُوَّهَةٌ, (TA,) and فَمٌ, all signify the same [i. e. The mouth]: (K, TA:) the pl. is أَفْوَاهٌ, (S, K, TA,) pl. of فُوهٌ, (S, TA,) and as such its case is plain; as pl. of فِيهٌ, it is like أَرْوَاحٌ as pl. of رِيحٌ; as pl of فَاهٌ, it is allowable as having و for its original medial radical; but as pl. of فُوَّهَةٌ, it is anomalous: (TA:) and another pl. is أَفْمَامٌ, (K, TA,) said by some to be pl. of فُمٌّ or فَمٌّ, with teshdeed, of which an ex. occurs in a verse cited in the first paragraph of art. فم; but some disallow this pl.; and accord. to some, (TA,) it has no sing. (K, TA) agreeable with rule, (TA,) for فَمٌ is originally فَوَهٌ, (K, TA,) with the و movent by fet-h, or [فَوْهٌ, as in some copies of the S,] with the و quiescent, on the authority of IJ; (TA;) the ه is elided, and the و becomes a movent final, therefore it must be changed into ا, because of the fet-hah preceding it, so the word becomes فا; but a noun may not be of two letters whereof one is [the ن of] the tenween, (K, TA,) thus the passage is expressed in the M, but MF remarks that correctly we should say whereof one is the ا, (TA,) and therefore a hard letter is substituted for it, one similar to it in kind, which is م, for they are both labials, and in the م is a sort of humming sound (هَوِىٌّ, in the CK هُوِىٌّ,) in the mouth, [or rather in the nose,] resembling [the sound of] the prolongation of the و: (K, TA:) [several similar disquisitions, added in the TA, respecting the change from فوه to فم, I omit, regarding them as needless: what is said on this subject in the S, in art. فم, I have mentioned in that art.:] in the present art., J says that the م of فم is a substitute for the ه, not for the و, of فوه; but this is a mistake: (IB, TA:) the dual of فَمٌ is فَمَانِ and فَمَوَانِ (IAar, S, Msb, K) and فَمَيَانِ, the second and third of which are anomalous: (IAar, K:) of the second, which occurs in a verse of ElFarezdak, [and respecting which see the first paragraph of art. فم,] Sb says that it is used by poetic license. (TA.) In using it as a prefixed noun, in the phrase هٰذَا فُوهُهُ, they deemed the combination of the two هs difficult in respect of utterance; therefore they suppressed the [radical]

ه thereof [in this case, and then in other, similar, cases], and said, هٰذَا فُوهُ, and فُو زَيْدٍ, and رَأَيْتُ فَا زَيْدٍ, and مَرَرْتُ بِفِى زَيْدٍ: and when prefixing it to [the pronoun denoting] thyself, thou sayest, هٰذَا فِىَّ; and this thou dost alike in using it in the nom. case and in the accus. and in the gen., because the و [of فُو] is changed into ى and is then incorporated [into the pronominal ى]: (S, and the like is said in the Msb:) and sometimes, though rarely, they did the like in other cases, when not prefixing it; for instance, فَا occurs at the end of a verse of El-'Ajjáj, without an affix, in this case for فَاهَا. (S.) b2: In the saying كَلَّمْتُهُ فَاهُ إِلَى فِىَّ, meaning I spoke to him, his mouth being near to my mouth, فاه is in the accus. case as a denotative of state: (S, TA: *) or by reason of the derivative [مُكَلِّمًا] meant to be understood: or, as Sb says, it is an instance of one of the nouns that are put in the place of inf. ns., and it is not to be separated from what should follow it, so that you may not say كَلَّمْتُهُ فَاهَ [alone], for you tell of your nearness to the person, and that there is not any one between you and him: and if you will, you may use the nom. case, meaning وَهٰذِهِ حَالُهُ [this being his state], (Sb, TA,) i. e. فُوهُ إِلَى فِىَّ [his mouth was near to my mouth], the clause [following كلّمته] occupying the place of a denotative of state. (TA.) b3: The saying فَاهَا لِفِيكَ, (Meyd, K, TA,) which is a prov., (Meyd, TA,) means May God make the mouth of misfortune to cleave to thy mouth; (Meyd, K, * TA;) [but lit. signifies, only, her, or its, mouth to thy mouth; and is [likewise] an instance of one of the nouns that are used in the manner of inf. ns. expressive of imprecation, by reason of a verb not mentioned: Sb says, فاها is without tenween, meaning فَا الدَّاهِيَةِ, as is shown by the saying, وَدَاهِيَةٍ مِنْ دَوَاهِى المَنُو نِ يَرْهَبُهَا النَّاسُ لَا فَا لَهَا

[Many a misfortune is there, of the misfortunes of time, which men fear, that has no mouth, wherewith to bite]: (Sb, TA:) A'Obeyd says that its primary meaning is, may God make the ground to be in thy mouth; that it is like the sayings بِفِيكَ الحَجَرُ and بِفِيكَ الأَثْلَبُ; (S, Meyd;) and [hence] it means disappointment [cleave] to thee: (S, * Meyd:) a man of Belhujeym, (S, Meyd,) cited by A'Obeyd, (S,) addressing a wolf that sought to get his she-camel, (Meyd,) says, فَقُلْتُ لَهُ فَاهَا لِفِيكَ فَإِنَّهَا قَلُوصُ امْرِئٍ قَارِيــكَ مَا أَنْتَ حَاذِرُهُ [And I said to him, فاها لفيك, for she is the youthful she-camel of a man who will give thee as a guest's entertainment that which thou fearest]; (S, Meyd; but in the S, as IB has observed, فَإِنَّهُ is erroneously put for فَإِنَّهَا;) i. e. [who will entertain thee with] the shooting of arrows; (Meyd;) [by قَارِيــكَ] he means يَقْرِيكَ, from قِرَى

الضَّيْفِ: (S:) it is also said that فَاهَا is metonymically used as meaning the dust of the earth, which is termed the mouth of the earth because it drinks the water; and it is as though the saying meant the dust be in thy mouth: (Meyd:) Sh is related to have said, I heard IAar say لِفِيكَ ↓ فَاهًا, with tenween, meaning may God make thy mouth to cleave to the ground; [or rather, ground to thy mouth; lit., simply, a mouth to thy mouth;] and some say فَاهَا لِفِيكَ, without tenween, as an imprecation meaning (assumed tropical:) may God break thy فَم [i. e. thy teeth, to which فَم is often metonymically applied, as is also فُوه]. (TA.) b4: One says also, سَقَى فُلَانٌ إِبِلَهُ عَلَى أَفْوَاهِهَا, meaning (tropical:) Such a one drew for his camels the water when they came to it, while they were drinking; not having stored it for them in the drinking-trough: and جَرَّ فُلَانٌ

إِبِلَهُ عَلَى أَفْوَاهِهَا (tropical:) Such a one suffered his camels to pasture while going along [by his driving them gently: see art. جر]: so says As: and so accord. to the A and other lexicons; but the author of the K, by an omission, has assigned the latter explanation to the former phrase. (TA.) b5: لَوْ وَجَدْتُ

إِلَيْهِ فَا كَرِشٍ, meaning أَدْنَى طَرِيقٍ, (K, TA,) has [with other, similar, phrases] been explained in art. كرش [q. v.]. (TA.) b6: فُو فَرَسٍ حَمِرٍ [Mouth of a horse that is suffering indigestion in consequence of his having eaten barley and so made it to stink] is an appellation applied to him who has stinking breath. (TA. [An ex. of it occurs in a verse of Imra-el-keys cited in the TA in art. حمر as in Ahlwardt's “ Divans of the Six Ancient Arabic Poets,” p. 125; and differently in De Slane's “ Diwan d'Amro-'kaïs,” p. 36 of the Arabic text.]) b7: And فُو جُرَدٍ [Mouth of a large fieldrat] and فُو دَبًا [Mouth of a sort of small wingless locust, or perhaps correctly فُو دَبَاةٍ mouth of a small wingless locust,] are nicknames applied to a little man. (TA.) b8: One says also, لَا فُضُّ فُوهُ, meaning (tropical:) May his teeth, or front teeth, not be broken. (K, * TA.) And سَقَطَ فُوهُ (assumed tropical:) His teeth fell out. (TA in art. فض [q. v.]) b9: And مَاتَ لِفِيهِ i. e. لِوَجْهِهِ [meaning (tropical:) He died upon his face; prone: like سَقَطَ لِوَجْهِهِ (assumed tropical:) He fell upon his face: the ل in both being used in the sense of عَلَى; as it is in the phrase خَرُّوا لِأَذْقَانِهِمْ (expl. in art. خر), &c.]. (A, K, TA. [The explanation in the TK, being somewhat ambiguous (though correct), has misled Freytag in this case.]) And [in like manner, using لِ in the sense of على,] كبَّهُ اللّٰهُ لِفِيهِ, one of their forms of imprecation, meaning (assumed tropical:) May God cause him to die: or prostrate him [upon his face; as also كَبَّهُ لِوَجْهِهِ]. (TA.) b10: [See also فُوَّهَةٌ as syn. with فُوهٌ; like which it has أَفْوَاهٌ for a pl.]

A2: فُوهٌ also, having for its pl. أَفْوَاهٌ, and pl. pl. أَفَاوِيهُ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) [which last is of very frequent occurrence,] signifies Perfume, or an odoriferous substance: (Mgh, Msb:) or a thing, or substance, with which a perfume, or an odoriferous substance, is compounded or prepared (يُعَالَجُ); like as تَوَابِلُ signifies things, or substances, with which sorts of food are compounded or prepared: (S, Mgh:) or the تَوَابِل [or seeds used in cooking] with which food is compounded or prepared (يُعَالَجُ) are also called أَفْوَاهُ الطِّيبِ: (Msb:) [the pl. and pl. pl. are now generally applied to spices, or aromatics:] or الأَفْوَاهُ, the pl. mentioned above, signifies [the seeds called] التَّوَابِلُ: and also what diffuse fragrance [I read نَوَافِحُ, as in my MS. copy of the K, pl. of نَافِحٌ, q. v., instead of نَوَافِجُ (with جِيم), the only reading that I find in other copies of the K, regarding the latter as indubitably a mistranscription,] of perfumes, or odoriferous substances: (K:) and the sorts, or species, of flowers; (K, TA;) thus says AHn; and in one place he says that الافواح signifies what are prepared for perfume, of sweetsmelling flowers; and sometimes they are of herbs, or leguminous plants: (TA:) and also sorts, or species, of a thing [app. of any kind]: (K:) and one says, هُوَ مِنْ أَفْوَاهِ الطيب, and أَفْوَاهِ البُقُولِ, meaning It is of the sorts, or species, and of the mixtures, or compounds, of perfume, and of herbs, or leguminous plants: (Mgh:) but فُوهٌ is not applied to anything that is termed عَقَّارٌ. (AHeyth, TA in art. عقر.) فَوَهٌ: see 1, last sentence. b2: Also The quality of a مَحَالَة [or large sheave of a pulley] such as is termed فَوْهَآء, fem. of أَفْوَهُ, q. v. (TA.) فِيهِ: see its syn. فُوهٌ.

فُوهَةٌ: see فُوَّهَةٌ, in five places.

فُوَّهٌ Certain slender, long, red roots, with which one dyes; beneficial for the liver and the spleen and the نَسَا [app. as meaning sciatica or the sciatic nerve] and pain of the hip and of the flank, powerfully diuretic, and kneaded with vinegar and applied as a liniment it cures the [leprosy termed]

بَرَص: (K, TA:) but the word was not known to Az in this sense, [which is the only meaning, except one which I think doubtful, that I find assigned to it;] and it is said to be the فُوَّة [which see in art. فو, i. e. madder]. (TA.) A2: See also فُوَّهَةٌ.

فَيِّهُ, originally فَيْوِهٌ: see مُفَوَّهٌ.

فُوَّهَةٌ: see its syn. فُوهٌ. b2: [Hence] it signifies also (tropical:) The فَم [i. e. mouth] of a place; likened to the فَم [properly so called] as being the first place of ingress, or entrance, to the interior: (TA:) [and so too as being the place of egress, or exit, from the interior:] it is of a river, or rivulet, (Lth, S, Msb, TA,) and of a valley, or water-course, or torrent-bed, (K, TA,) and of a street, and of a road; (S, Msb, K, TA;) signifying the فَم [or mouth]; as also ↓ فُوهَةٌ, (K, TA,) without teshdeed; mentioned by IAar: (TA:) or it signifies thus in relation to a river, or rivulet; (Lth, Msb, TA;) the foremost part thereof: or, as some say, the place of its pouring into the كِظَامَة [q. v.]: and accord. to Lth, in relation to a valley, or water-course, or torrent-bed, its رَأْس [or head, as though in this case having one, or each, of two contr. meanings, unless, as I believe it to be, the mouth, or outlet, of a valley or water-course or torrent-bed be sometimes called its رأس as being its foremost part]: (TA:) and of a street, it is the place of egress, or exit; (Msb;) the foremost part thereof: (TA:) and of a road, it is the فَم [or mouth], which is the upper part thereof (اعلاه): (Msb: [thus in my copy; but I think that اعلاه is a mistranscription, in my copy, for أَوَّلُهُ, and that the correct meaning is therefore the foremost part thereof, agreeably with what is said above in relation to a road and to a river or rivulet:]) but accord. to some, ↓ فُوهَةٌ, without teshdeed, is not allowable; and one should say, الطَّرِيقِ قَعَدَ عَلَى فُوَّهَةٍ, and ↓ فُوَّهِهِ [probably, I think, a mistranscription for فوهِهِ, with the و quiescent, both meaning He sat at the mouth of the road]; not ↓ فُوهَتِهِ, without teshdeed: (TA:) and فُوَّهَةٌ signifies also (assumed tropical:) the first, or foremost, part, of a thing; (K, TA;) like that of the street and that of the river or rivulet: [whence] one says, طَلَعَ عَلَيْنَا فُوَّهَةُ إِبِلِكَ i. e. (tropical:) The first, or foremost, portion of thy camels [came to us, or came forth upon us]; like the phrase فُوَّهَةُ الطَّرِيقِ: (TA:) the pl. of فُوَّهَةٌ is أَفْوَاهٌ, (Ks, S, Msb, TA,) which is anomalous, (S, Msb, TA,) and (TA) فُوَّهَاتٌ [in the CK فُوْهاتٌ] and فَوَائِهُ. (K, TA.) [Hence] one says, دَخَلُوا فِى أَفْوَاهِ البَلَدِ وَخَرَجُوا مِنْ أَرْجُلِهِ, (A, K, * TA,) in the copies of the K أَرْجُلِهَا, which is wrong, (TA,) i. e. (tropical:) They entered into the foremost parts of the country, or town, and went forth from the hindermost parts thereof: (A, K, TA:) the sing. of أَفْوَاه as here used is فُوَّهَةٌ. (TA.) A2: It signifies also A say, or saying, or speech; (S, K, TA;) from 1 in the first of the senses assigned to it above: hence one says, إِنَّ رَدَّ الفُوَّهَةِ لَشَدِيدٌ (S, TA) Verily the retracting of that which has been said is difficult: (Har p. 434:) and [hence] one says also, هُوَ يَخَافُ فُوَّهَةَ النَّاسِ [He fears the say, or speech, of men]. (TA.) b2: And The Muslims' rending one another's reputation by evil speech, or by backbiting; (K, TA;) as also ↓ فُوهَةً. (TA.) b3: إِنَّهُ لَذُو فُوَّهَةٍ means Verily he is strong in speech, and free, or unconstrained, in tongue. (TA.) b4: And one says, مَا أَشَدَّ فُوَّهَةَ بَعِيرِكَ فِى هٰذَا الكَلَأِ, meaning [How vehement is] thy camel's eating [of this herbage]! and in like manner, فُوَّهَةَ فَرَسِكَ [the vehement eating of thy horse]: whence their saying أَفْوَاهُهَا مَجَاسُّهَا [which may be well rendered as it has been in art. جس, q. v.], meaning Their good eating shows thee their fatness, causing thee to be in no need of feeling them to test their condition. (TA.) A3: And Milk, as long as there remains in it the taste of sweetness; (K, * TA;) as also ↓ فُوهَةٌ; and sometimes correctly said with ق, i. e. [قُوهَةٌ,] without teshdeed. (TA.) فَاوُوهَةٌ A man who reveals, or discloses, everything that is in his mind; as also ↓ فَاهٍ, (Fr, S, TA, [but omitted in one of my copies of the S,]) and ↓ فَاهٌ: (Fr, TA:) and بِجُوعِهِ ↓ فَاهٍ one who reveals his hunger; originally فَائِهٌ, like as they said هَارٍ and هَائِرٌ. (TA.) أَفْوَهُ Having what is termed فَوَهٌ, meaning as expl. in the last sentence of the first paragraph [i. e. width of the mouth, &c.]; fem. فَوْهَآءُ; (S, K, TA;) the former applied to a man, and the latter to a woman; (S, TA;) and in like manner to horses. (TA.) فَوْهَآءُ شَوْهَآءُ, applied to a woman, means Wide-mouthed, ugly: and, applied to a mare, wide-mouthed, long-headed: or sharp in spirit. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] بِئْرٌ فَوْهَآءُ A widemouthed well. (K.) b3: And طَعْنَةٌ فَوْهَآءُ A wide wound made by piercing. (K.) b4: And مَحَالَةٌ فَوْهَآءُ [A large sheave of a pulley] (S, K, TA) that is wide (K, TA) and (TA) whereof the teeth between which runs the well-rope are long. (S, TA.) [See also مَحَالَةٌ فَوْقَآءُ, in art. فوق.]

مُفَوَّهٌ and ↓ فَيِّهٌ, (S, K,) the latter originally فَيْوِهٌ, (S,) Eloquent; (S, K, TA;) and so فَيِّهَةٌ applied to a woman; (S, TA;) able in speech; an able speaker: or فَيِّهٌ signifies good in speech; a good speaker: (TA:) or both signify good and eloquent in speech; as though taken from الفَوَهُ meaning “ width of the mouth: ” (IAar, TA:) or having an inordinate desire, or appetite, for food; a vehement eater; (K, TA;) applied to a man and to other than man: (TA:) and the latter (فَيِّهٌ), having an inordinate and insatiable desire, or appetite, for food: (TA:) and this also signifies a man who eats much; syn. أَكُولٌ; (S, K;) and so does ↓ مُسْتَفِيهٌ: (K [in some copies of which, كوفى is strangely put in the place of اكول in the explanation here given]:) or ↓ مُسْتَفِيهٌ signifies a man eating vehemently after scantiness, (S,) or after weakness: (thus in a copy of the S:) and مُفَوَّهٌ is also expl. as meaning a man who eats vehemently. (TA.) And one says مِنْطِيقٌ مُفَوَّهٌ (K, TA) meaning [Very] eloquent in speech: (TA:) and مَنْطِقٌ مُفَوَّهٌ (K, TA) Good, or excel-lent, speech, or diction. (TA.) A2: شَرَابٌ مُفَوَّهٌ means [Beverage, or wine,] perfumed (K, TA.) with [the odoriferous substances called] أَفَاوِيهُ [pl. pl. of فُوهُ, q. v.]. (TA.) A3: And ثَوْبٌ مُفَوَّهٌ (Lth, K) and مُفَوًّى (K) A garment, or piece of cloth, dyed with فُوَّه [or فُوَّة, i. e. madder]. (Lth, K.) مُسْتَفِيهٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places.

لَيْلَة الرغائب وَلَيْلَة الْبَرَاءَة: أما الأولى فَهِيَ لَيْلَة أول الْجُمُعَة من رَجَب والرغائب جمع الرَّغْبَة الَّتِي بِمَعْنى الْعَطاء الْكثير - وَأما الثَّانِيَة فَهِيَ لَيْلَة الْخَامِس عشر من شعْبَان - والبراءة بَرَاءَة من النيرَان وَالْمَغْفِرَة من الْعِصْيَان وهما ليلتان مباركتان - وللفقهاء والصلحاء فيهمَا صلوَات وأذكار وَلَكِن لم يثبت شَيْء من ذَلِك عِنْد الْمُحدثين الأخيار.
وَفِي شرح عين الْعلم لملا عَليّ الْــقَارِي قدس سره. وَفِي الْإِحْيَاء أما لَيْلَة النّصْف من شعْبَان فيصلى فِيهَا مائَة رَكْعَة سُورَة الْإِخْلَاص عشر مَرَّات وفاتحة الْكتاب مرّة كَانُوا لَا يتركونها - فَقَالَ الْعِرَاقِيّ حَدِيث بَاطِل - وَصَلَاة الرغائب وَهِي لَيْلَة أول الْجُمُعَة من رَجَب يصلى اثْنَا عشر رَكْعَة بست تسليمات يقْرَأ فِي كل رَكْعَة بعد الْفَاتِحَة سُورَة الْقدر ثَلَاثًا وَالْإِخْلَاص اثْنَي عشر مرّة وَبعد الْفَرَاغ يصلى على النَّبِي - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم َ - سبعين مرّة وَيَدْعُو بِمَا شَاءَ وَهِي بِدعَة مُنكرَة كَمَا صرح بِهِ النَّوَوِيّ وَغَيره انْتهى - وَفِي الْبَحْر الرَّائِق شرح كنز الدقائق وَفِي أَوَاخِر شرح منية الْمُصَلِّي وَمن المندوبات إحْيَاء لَيْلَة النّصْف من شعْبَان كَمَا وَردت بِهِ الْأَحَادِيث وَذكرهَا فِي التَّرْغِيب والترهيب مفصلة. وَالْمرَاد بإحياء اللَّيْل قِيَامه وَظَاهره الِاسْتِيعَاب وَيجوز أَن يُرَاد غالبه وَيكرهُ الِاجْتِمَاع على إحْيَاء لَيْلَة فِي الْمَسَاجِد. قَالَ فِي الْحَاوِي الْقُدسِي وَلَا يصلى تطوع بِجَمَاعَة غير التَّرَاوِيح وَمَا رُوِيَ من الصَّلَاة فِي الْأَوْقَات الشَّرِيفَة كليلة الْقدر وَلَيْلَة النّصْف من شعْبَان وَلَيْلَة الْعِيد وعرفة وَالْجُمُعَة وَغَيرهَا فُرَادَى انْتهى. وَمن هَا هُنَا يعلم كَرَاهَة الِاجْتِمَاع فِي صَلَاة الرغائب الَّتِي تفعل فِي رَجَب لَيْلَة أول جُمُعَة مِنْهُ فَإِنَّهَا بِدعَة وَمَا يحتال لَهَا أهل الرّوم من نذرها ليخرج من النَّفْل وَالْكَرَاهَة فَبَاطِل وَقد أوضحه الْعَلامَة الجلبي رَحمَه الله تَعَالَى وَأطَال فِيهِ إطالة حَسَنَة كَمَا هُوَ دأبه انْتهى. وَفِي شرح الْأَشْبَاه والنظائر للحموي رَحمَه الله تَعَالَى قَوْله وَيكرهُ الِاقْتِدَاء فِي صَلَاة الرغائب وَصَلَاة الْبَرَاءَة وَصَلَاة الرغائب هِيَ الَّتِي فِي رَجَب فِي لَيْلَة أول جُمُعَة مِنْهُ وَصَلَاة الْبَرَاءَة هِيَ الَّتِي تفعل لَيْلَة نصف شعْبَان وَإِنَّمَا كره الِاقْتِدَاء فِي صَلَاة الرغائب وَمَا ذكر بعْدهَا لِأَن أَدَاء النَّفْل بِجَمَاعَة على سَبِيل التداعي مَكْرُوه إِلَّا مَا اسْتثْنِي كَصَلَاة التَّرَاوِيح. قَالَ ابْن أَمِير الْحَاج فِي الْمدْخل وَقد حدثت صَلَاة الرغائب بعد أَربع مائَة وَثَمَانِينَ من الْهِجْرَة وَقد صنف الْعلمَاء فِي إنكارها وذمها وتسفيه فاعلها وَلَا تغتر بِكَثْرَة الفاعلين لَهَا فِي كثير من الْأَمْصَار انْتهى.ــفِي تذكرة الموضوعات: لصَاحب مجمع الْبحار وَحَدِيث صَلَاة الرغائب مَوْضُوع بالِاتِّفَاقِ وَفِي اللآلي فضل لَيْلَة الرغائب واجتماع الْمَلَائِكَة مَعَ طوله وَصَوْم أول خَمِيس وَصَلَاة اثْنَي عشر رَكْعَة بعد الْمغرب مَعَ الْكَيْفِيَّة الْمَشْهُورَة مَوْضُوع رِجَاله مَجْهُولُونَ. قَالَ شَيخنَا وفتشت جَمِيع الْكتب فَلم أجدهم. وَفِي شرح مُسلم للنووي احْتج الْعلمَاء على كَرَاهَة صَلَاة الرغائب بِحَدِيث " لَا تختصوا لَيْلَة الْجُمُعَة بِقِيَام وَلَا تختصوا يَوْم الْجُمُعَة بصيام ". فَإِنَّهَا بِدعَة مُنكرَة من بدع الضَّلَالَة والجهالة وفيهَا مُنكرَات ظَاهِرَة قَاتل الله تَعَالَى واضعها. وَقد صنف الْأَئِمَّة مصنفات نفيسة فِي تقبيحها وتضليل مصليها ومبدعها ودلائله أَكثر من أَن تحصى. وَفِي الْمُخْتَصر حَدِيث صَلَاة نصف شعْبَان بَاطِل. وَلابْن حبَان من حَدِيث عَليّ رَضِي الله عَنهُ إِذا كَانَ لَيْلَة النّصْف من شعْبَان قومُوا لَيْلهَا وصوموا نَهَارهَا ضَعِيف. وَفِي اللآلي مائَة رَكْعَة فِي نصف شعْبَان بالإخلاص عشر مَرَّات مَعَ طول فَضله للديلمي وَغَيره مَوْضُوع وَجُمْهُور رُوَاته من الطّرق الثَّلَاث مَجَاهِيل وضعفاء انْتهى. والطرق الثَّلَاث هِيَ الْمَرْفُوع وَالْمَوْقُوف والمقطوع. وَفِي مَا ثَبت من السّنة فِي أَيَّام السّنة للشَّيْخ عبد الْحق الدهلوي قدس سره وَاخْتلفت الْآثَار فِي إحْيَاء لَيْلَة النّصْف من شعْبَان وَقَالَ بِهِ من التَّابِعين خَالِد بن معدان وَمَكْحُول ولقمان بن عَامر وَخَالف فِي ذَلِك عَطاء وَابْن أبي مليكَة وَغَيرهم وَعَلِيهِ أَصْحَاب مَالك وَالشَّافِعِيّ. وخَالِد بن معدان ولقمان بن عَارِم كَانَا يلبسان فِيهَا أحسن الثِّيَاب ويكتحلان وَيقومَانِ فِي الْمَسْجِد تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَة. وَفِي تَنْزِيه الشَّرِيعَة فِي الْأَحَادِيث الْمَوْضُوعَة حَدِيث عَليّ رَضِي الله تَعَالَى عَنهُ أَن النَّبِي - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم َ - قَالَ: " يَا عَليّ من صلى مائَة رَكْعَة فِي لَيْلَة النّصْف من شعْبَان يقْرَأ فِي كل رَكْعَة بِفَاتِحَة الْكتاب وَقل هُوَ الله أحد أحد عشرَة مرّة " الحَدِيث. قَالَ ابْن الْجَوْزِيّ فِيهِ مَجَاهِيل وضعفاء - وَقَالَ الشَّيْخ محيي الدّين النَّوَوِيّ أما صَلَاة الرغائب وَصَلَاة لَيْلَة النّصْف من شعْبَان فليستابِسنتَيْنِ بل هما بدعتان قبيحتان مذمومتان - وَلَا تغتر بِذكر أبي طَالب الْمَكِّيّ لَهما فِي قوت الْقُلُوب وَلَا بِذكر حجَّة الْإِسْلَام الْغَزالِيّ لَهما فِي الْإِحْيَاء وَلَا بِالْحَدِيثِ الْمَذْكُور فيهمَا فَإِن ذَلِك بَاطِل. وَقد صنف عز الدّين بن عبد السَّلَام كتابا نفيسا فِي إبطالهما وَأطَال الإِمَام الْمَذْكُور فِي فَتَاوَاهُ أَيْضا ذمهما وتقبيحهما وإنكارهما - وَقَالَ الشَّيْخ ابْن حجر الْمَكِّيّ هَذَا مَذْهَبنَا وَمذهب الْمَالِكِيَّة وَآخَرين من الْأَئِمَّة وَمذهب أَكثر عُلَمَاء الْحجاز وَمذهب فُقَهَاء الْمَدِينَة. وَقد صنف الشَّيْخ الْمَذْكُور كتابا فِي هَذَا الشَّأْن انْتهى - وَأما صَلَاة التَّسْبِيح فَالصَّحِيح أَن الْأَحَادِيث الْوَارِدَة فِيهَا صَحِيحَة ورواتها ثِقَات فَلَا تلْتَفت إِلَى الِاخْتِلَاف واترك الاعتساف.