جفو

1 جَفَا, (K,) aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. جَفَآءٌ; and ↓ تجافى; It did not keep, or cleave, to its place. (K.) You say, جَفَا جَنْبُهُ عَنِ الفِرَاشِ, (Mgh,) and عَنْهُ ↓ تجافى, (S, Mgh,) His side did not rest, or was restless, or uneasy, upon the bed; or shrank from it; (S, Mgh;) and heaved, or rose, from it: (Mgh:) or the former, his side did not keep, or cleave, to its place upon the bed: and the latter, it became withdrawn, or removed, from it. (TA.) And جَفَا السَّرْجُ عَنْ ظَهْرِ الفَرَسِ, (S Msb, TA,) aor. and inf. n. as above; (Msb;) and ↓ تجافى; (S, Msb;) The saddle heaved, or rose, from the back of the horse: (S, Msb:) or did not keep, or cleave, to its place upon his back. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] it is said in a trad. of 'Omar, إِنِّى أَجْفُو عَنْ أَشْيَآءَ مِنَ العِلْمِ Verily I recoil, shrink, or am averse, from some matters of knowledge, or science, and ignore them, or neglect them. (Mgh.) b3: Also جَفَا, (Msb, TA,) aor. as above, (Msb,) [and so the inf. n.,] said of a garment, or piece of cloth, It was thick, coarse, or rough: (Msb, TA:) and in like manner said of a reed-pen, it was thick, coarse, or rough, in its nib. (TA.) b4: [And hence, (see جَفَآءٌ, below, and جَافٍ,) He was, or became, thick, gross, coarse, rough, or rude, of make: and, more commonly, coarse, rough, or rude, of nature or disposition, or in his intercourse and dealings with others; unkind, hard, churlish, uncivil, or surly. (See also 10.)] It is said in a trad., مَنْ بَدَا جَفَا, i. e. [He who abides in the desert] becomes coarse, rough, or rude, of nature or disposition; [or unkind, hard, churlish, &c.;] by reason of mixing little with men. (TA.) b5: جَفَا عَلَيْهِ كَذَا Such a thing was, or became, heavy, onerous, burdensome, or oppressive, to him. (K.) A2: جَفَا جَنْبَهُ عَنِ الفِرَاشِ: and جَفَا السَّرْجَ: see 3. b2: جَفَتِ القِدْرُ زَبَدَهَا The cooking-pot cast forth its froth, or foam; as also ↓ اجفت; (TA;) [like جَفَأَت and اجفأت;] originally without ء. (Er- Rághib, TA.) And جَفَا السَّيْلُ The torrent drove away [things in its course]. (Msb.) b3: جَفَا الرَّجُلَ, aor. as above, He turned away from the man; avoided him; or shunned him: or he drove away the man; from جفا السَّيْلُ, explained above: sometimes meaning, with hatred. (Msb.) And جَفَاهُ He withdrew, or removed, far, or to a distance, from him: whence the saying of Mohammad Ibn-Sookah, لَمَّا قَلَّ مَالِى جَفَانِى إِخْوَانِى [When my property became little, my brethren withdrew far from me]. (TA) b4: And جَفَا مَالَهُ He did not keep, or cleave, or hold fast, to his property. (K.) b5: And جَفَاهُ, (S, K,) aor. ـُ (S,) inf. n. جَفَآءٌ (S, K) and جَفْوٌ, (K,) He treated him, or behaved towards him, coarsely, roughly, rudely, unkindly, hardly, churlishly, uncivilly, or surlily: (S, K:) you should not say جَفَيْتُ. (S.) The pass. part. n. is ↓ مَجْفُوٌّ and ↓ مَجْفِىٌّ: (S, and K in art. جفى:) the latter formed in accordance with جُفِىَ, in which the و is changed into ى. (Fr, S.) b6: He did to him what displeased, grieved, or vexed, him; did to him what he disliked, or hated; did evil to him. (TA.) So in the trad., مَنْ حَجَّ وَلَمْ يَزُرْنِى فَقَدْ جَفَا [He who performs the pilgrimage to Mekkeh and does not visit me, i.e. does not visit my tomb afterwards, either on his homeward journey or by journeying to ElMedeeneh for that special purpose, does what displeases me]. (TA.) b7: جَفَتِ المَرْأُةُ وَلَدَهَا The woman neglected to take care of her child, or to pay frequent attention to it. (TA.) 2 تَجْفِيَةٌ [inf. n. of جفّى] signifies, in Persian, جفاء فرمودن [app. as meaning The ordering one to act, or to treat another, coarsely, roughly, rudely, &c.]. (KL. [Accord. to Golius, as on this authority, “i. q. جَفَا, sign. injuria affecit; duriter et inique tractavit: seu transit. ejus. ”]) 3 جافى جَنْبَهُ عَنِ الفِرَاشِ, and ↓ جَفَاهُ, He caused his side not to rest, or caused it to be restless, or uneasy, upon the bed; or caused it to shrink therefrom: and he heaved it, drew it up, or raised it, [making it to be separated by some space or interval] from the bed. (Mgh.) and hence, (Mgh,) جافى عَضُدَيْهِ (Mgh, TA) عَنْ جَنْبيْهِ (TA) He put, or set, his upper arms apart, or remote, from his sides. (Mgh, TA.) [Thus the Muslim is enjoined to do in prostrating himself in prayer.] And جافى السَّرْجَ عَنْ ظَهْرِ الفَرَسِ, (S, * Msb,) and ↓ اجفاهُ, (S, K,) and ↓ جَفَاهُ, (K, [said in the TA to be a mistake, but a similar usage of this verb has been mentioned above on the authority of the Mgh,]) He raised the saddle from the back of the horse: (S, Msb, K:) and in like manner, القَتَبَ عَنْ ظَهْرِ البَعِيرِ ↓ أَجْفَيْتُ [I raised the saddle from the back of the. camel]. (M, TA.) 4 اجفاهُ He made, or caused, him, or it, to be, or become, distant, remote, far off, or aloof. (TA.) b2: See also 3, in two places. b3: اجفى المَاشِيَةَ He fatigued the cattle, [in some copies of the S, تَبِعَهَا is put for أَتْعَبَهَا,] and did not let them eat, (Az, S, K, TA,) nor fed them previously, driving them vehemently. (TA.) A2: أَجْفَتِ القِدْرُ: see 1. b2: أجْفَتِ الأَرْضُ The land became like the جُفَآء, or rubbish and scum cast forth by the torrent of a valley, or by a cooking-pot, in respect of the departure of the good thereof. (Er-Rághib, TA.) 6 تجافى: see 1, in three places. [Said of a person prostrating himself, or lying down, it means He drew up his body from that on which he rested. And تجافى عَنْهُ generally signifies He, or it, receded, withdrew, removed, or became remote or aloof or separated by some space or interval, from him, or it: and he drew away, shrank, or flinched, from him, or it.] It is said, of the difference between الذَّبْح and القَتْل, that the former is by cutting the external jugular veins; and the latter, بِإِيقَاعِ الفِعِلِ فِى المَحَلِّ مَعَ التَّجَافِى [By causing the act to take effect upon the place thereof while standing aloof]; meaning that the قَاتِل strikes from a distance, not knowing whether he will hit the place or not. (Mgh.) And [hence] you say, تجافى لَهُ عَنْ حَقِّهِ (assumed tropical:) [He relinquished, i. e.] he gave, to him, his right, or due. (TA in art. خمص.) b2: He inclined, or declined, or turned, from side to side: and from right to wrong. (Har p. 125.) [See 6 in art. دفو.]8 اجتفاهُ He removed him, or it, from his, or its, place. (K.) 10 استجفاهُ He esteemed it (namely, a bed, &c., K) جَافٍ (S, K) i. e. thick, coarse, or rough. (TA.) b2: He demanded, or required, of him that he should do what was displeasing, grievous, vexatious, or evil. (TA.) A2: استجفى He became coarse, rough, rude, unkind, hard, churlish, uncivil, or surly. (KL. [See also 1.]) جَفًا: see جَفَآءٌ.

جَفْوَةٌ A single act of coarse, rough, rude, unkind, hard, churlish, uncivil, or surly, treatment, or behaviour. (TA.) b2: See also جَفَآءٌ, in three places.

جِفْوَةٌ: see جَفَآءٌ.

جَفَآءٌ is in make; [signifying Thickness, grossness, coarseness, roughness, or rudeness:] and in nature, or disposition; (TA;) signifying coarseness, roughness, or rudeness, (Mgh, Msb,) in one's intercourse and dealings with others; (Mgh;) unkindness, hardness, churlishness, incivility, or surliness; a predominant quality of the people of the desert; (Mgh, Msb;) from جَفَا said of a garment, or piece of cloth; (Msb;) contr. of بِرٌّ (S,) or of صِلَةٌ; (K;) as also ↓ جَفًا, (K,) accord. to Lth; but Az says that he knew not any one who allowed this latter: (TA:) so, too, ↓ جِفْوَةٌ and ↓ جَفْوَةٌ, in the sayings فِيهِ جِفْوَةٌ and جَفْوَةٌ [In him is coarseness, roughness, or rudeness, &c.] : (K:) and فُلَانٌ ظَاهِرُ الجِفْوَةِ Such a one is a person in whom coarseness, roughness, or rudeness, &c., is apparent: (S:) but accord. to Lth, جفوة [whether جَفْوَةٌ or جَفْوَةٌ is not shown] denotes a more constant quality than جَفَآءٌ (TA.) Yousay also, ↓ بِهِ جَفْوَةٌ, meaning He is suffering coarseness, roughness, or rudeness, &c. (K.) and الزَّمَنِ ↓ أَصَابَتْهُ جَفْوَةُ (tropical:) [The roughness, or rudeness, &c., of time, or fortune, smote him]; and جَفَوَاتُهُ [its roughnesses, or rudenesses, &c.]. (TA.) جُفَآءٌ The rubbish and scum cast forth by the torrent of a valley, and by a cooking-pot. (Er-Rághib, TA.) [See also art. جفأ.] b2: And hence, as being likened to the جُفَآء of the torrent, (tropical:) The first, or foremost, of men, or people. (TA.) [But see art. جفأ.]

جَافٍ [act. part. n. of 1:] applied to a garment, or piece of cloth, (Mgh, Msb,) and to a bed, &c., (S, * K, TA,) Thick, coarse, or rough. (Mgh, Msb, TA.) b2: And [hence] applied to a man, (S, TA,) meaning Thick, gross, coarse, rough, or rude, of make; and coarse, rough, or rude, of nature or disposition; coarse, rough, rude, unkind, hard, churlish, uncivil, or surly, in his treatment of, or behaviour towards, his companions: pl. جُفَاةٌ. (TA.) You say also, رَجُلٌ جَافِى الخِلْقَةِ [A man thick, gross, coarse, rough, or rude, of make]: and جَافِىالخُلُقِ niggardly and incompliant; coarse, rough, or rude, (K, TA,) in his intercourse and dealings with others; oppressive when angry and irritated against his companion with whom he sits. (TA.) And جَافٍ

عَنِ المَوْعِظَةِ [Obdurate against admonition]. (TA in art. جعظر.) مَجْفُوٌّ: see 1.

مَجْفِىٌّ: see 1.

جفو: جفاه: أبعده، وهجره، وتركه (تعليقات فليشر على المقري 2: 77 في الزيادات والتصحيحات، وفي التعليقات على المقري ص273 - 274). وتقول العرب فيما قرره فليشر: جفت جفوني النوم، في حين تقول (نحن الفرنسيين): جفا النوم جفوني. ولذلك يمكن أن تقرأ ما جاء في المقري (2: 195): جفا جفني المنامَ (بنصب المنام كما يرى فليشر). غير أن رفع المنام كما نشرته صحيح أيضاً، لانا نجد في المقدمة (3: 398) بيتا من الشعر فيه: جفا جفوني النومُ، والضمة فوق الميم في مخطوطتنا رقم 1350، ولا شك أن الشاعر قالها بالضم وإلا لقال: جفت جفوني.
ويقال: جفا الرقاد بمعنى جفا جنبه عن الفراش (عند فريتاج ولين) (ألف ليلة 2: 101).
وجفاه: لامه وعذله، أنبه وبكنه (فوك) جَفَّى بالتشديد (أنظر لين) تعني كما يقول جوليوس: قابله بجفاء. وعامله بجفاء (بوشر). وهذا المعنى قديم نجده في بيت للأعشى نقله ابن خلكان (1: 186).
وفي مخطوطة ليدن: نُجَفَّى (أنظر أيضاً معجم مسلم).
جافاه: أبعده، وأساء إليه، وجافته خليلته أبعدته وقست عليه (بوشر).
تجافي: لم يلزم مكانه، ومال من جانب إلى جانب. (البكري 159). وتجافى عنه: تولى عنه، وكف عنه، وعفَّ (المقري، 1: 55، 2: 75، 634، 2: 164، 273، 434) وفي كتاب الخطيب (24و): لم يكن من أهل نباهة ووقع لابن عبد الملك في ذلك مقل كان حقه التجافي عنه لو وفق (المقدمة 1: 160، 229)، (تاريخ البربر 2: 64، 148، 316، 318، 323، 334، أماري 387).
وقد تكون بمعنى لم يرغب فيه وامتنع عنه، ففي العبدري (58 ق): وأجرت بيتا في مكة وكان لا يزال يسكنه قوم من تونس (فتجافيت عن التضييق عليهم في السكنى معهم وانتظرت خروجهم. وفي تاريخ البربر (1: 12): وتجافى عن قبول شيء من السلطان.
وتجافى عن فلان: عفا عنه وامتنع عن الإساءة إليه. ففي حيان- بسام (3: 50 و): فتجافى الكفرة عنهم وخرجوا يريدون مدينة منشون. (في نسخة ب، 1: فتجفى غير أن المزيد تفعَّل من جفا غير مستعمل).
وتجافى عن دمه: امتنع عن قتله، وعفا عنه (تاريخ البربر 1: 597، 2: 22).
وتجافى عنه: ابتعد عنه وتركه (تاريخ البربر 1: 649، 2: 181).
وتجافى عن ملك الحضرة: ترك امتلاك العاصمة وامتنع عن ذلك (تاريخ البربر 1: 657).
وتجافى عن الإمارة: ترك الملك وتنازل عنه (تاريخ البربر 1: 620).
وتجافى لفلان عن الشيء: تركه له (بيان 2: 283، تاريخ البربر 1: 552، 581، 583، 595، 2: 98، 124 ومواضع أخرى، أبن بطوطة 3: 340).
وتجافى عن الشيء: نفر منه وكرهه، ففي تاريخ البربر (1: 367): وضمن هو تخريب المساجد لتجافيهم عنها (تاريخ البربر 1: 488، 2: 179، 192).
وتجافى بهم المنبت عن الحضارة والأمصار بعض الشيء، ابتعد أصلهم عن البقاء في المدن والسكنى في بيوت ثابتة (دي سلان) (المقدمة 1: 298).
وتجافى عن فلان: عفا عنه (دي ساسي قواعد 1: 78، شرح الحريري 413، تاريخ البربر 1: 42).
وتجافى لفلان عنه: تركه له (بدرون 296 حيث يجب قراءة النص كما ذكرناه) وانظر التعليقات في صفحة 127 - 128 منه.
وتجافى به: أبعده، وأقصاه (شرح ديوان مسلم).
استجفاه: وجد حافيا، ففي المقري (2: 560) في كلامه عن شاعر استجفاه أي وجد شعره ثقيلا غليظا غير (حلو المنزع) جَفْوَة: تباعد، تنافر. ففي تاريخ البربر (2: 185): كانت جفوة بين السلطان وخالد.
جفاء: قسوة، وشدة، صرامة. ففي الكلام عن الخليلة يقال: أعطته عين الجفاء: أي قست عليه وعاملته بشدة، ونظرت إليه بصرامة (بوشر).
جاف: فظ، غليظ، قاسي القلب، يقال: جافية على العاشق أي قاسية القلب على حبيبها (بوشر).
وجاف: ثقيل، توصف به وسائل النقل، وقطع الحجارة، والأسلحة (معجم الادريسي).
وجاف: بليد، أحمق، غليظ الذهن (فوك) وثقيل الروح، ثقيل الظل، مملّ، مضجر (فوك).
الأم الجافية: الغشاء الخارجي المغلف للدماغ والحبل الشوكي (بوشر).
مَجْفُوّ: كريه النظر، مشوه الخلقة.
ففي المقري (1: 306): رث الهيأة، مجفو الطلعة.

طرو

1 طَرُوَ, [aor. ـْ (Ktr, S, Mgh, Msb, K,) and طَرِىَ, [aor. ـْ (Ktr, S, K,) inf. n. طَرَاوَةٌ (Ktr, S, Mgh, Msb, K) and طَرَآءَةٌ (S, K,) and طَرَاةٌ, (TA, and so in some copies of the S and of the K,) like حَصَاةٌ, (TA,) and طَرَآءٌ, (so in some copies of the K,) or طَرًا, (TA as from the K,) with the shortened alif, (TA,) [the last agreeable with analogy as inf. n. of طَرِىَ,] said of a thing, (Mgh, Msb,) or of flesh-meat, (Ktr, S,) It was, or became, fresh, juicy, or moist: (Ktr, S, Msb, K:) and طَرُؤَ signifies the same; (Mgh, Msb;) but طَرُوَ is more common. (TA in art. طرأ.) b2: And طَرِىَ signifies also تَجَدَّدَ [It became new; was newly made or done; or was renewed]. (TA.) A2: طَرَا, [aor. ـْ inf. n. طُرُوٌّ, (K,) or, as written in the M, طَرْوٌ, (TA,) He came from a distant place: (K:) you say طَرَا عَلَيْهِمْ he came, or, accord. to Lth, he came forth, upon them from a distant place: or, accord. to Az, he came upon them without their knowledge: it is a dial. var. of طَرَأَ [q. v.]. (TA.) b2: and طَرَا signifies also مَضَى [He went, or went away, &c.]. (TA.) b3: And طَرِىَ, aor. ـْ (IAar, K,) in which, accord. to the K, the last radical letter is ى, [not و changed into ى by reason of the kesreh before it,] but ISd says that there in no word of which the radical letters are ط and ر and ى, (TA,) He advanced, or came forward: or he passed, passed by, went, or went away. (IAar, K, * TA.) 2 طرّاهُ, inf. n. تَطْرِيَةٌ, He rendered it fresh, juicy, or moist. (K.) You say, طَرَّيْتُ الثَّوْبَ inf. n. as above, (S,) [app. meaning I refreshed, or I moistened, the garment, or piece of cloth.] b2: And طرّى, (K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) He rendered perfume fragrant [as though he refreshed it] by admixtures; (K, TA;) and aloes-wood with [other] perfume, or ambergris, or some other thing: (Az, TA:) and in like manner, food, (K, TA,) by mixing it with aromatics. (TA.) b3: And He plastered, or coated, a building with clay, or mud: of the dial. of Mekkeh. (Z, TA.) 4 اطراهُ He praised him; thus in the S, and in like manner expl. by Zbd and IKtt; (TA;) and thus اطرأهُ [with ء] is expl. by Es-Sarakustee: (Msb:) he eulogized, or commended, him; (K;) thus in the M; (TA;) and thus it is expl. by Es-Sarakustee: (Msb:) or he praised him renewing the mention of him: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or he praised him exceedingly: (AA, TA:) or he praised him for the best of the qualities that he possessed; (Msb, TA;) thus expl. by IF, and in like manner by Z: (TA:) or he praised him for that which was not in him: (Az, TA:) or he praised him greatly, or extravagantly; exceeded the just, or usual, bounds in praising him: (Msb:) or, accord. to Hr and IAth, he exceeded the just, or usual bounds in praising him, and lied therein. (TA.) b2: And اطرى العَسَلَ He made the honey to thicken, or coagulate. (S, Msb, TA.) 12 اِطْرَوْرَى, (K, TA,) inf. n. اِطْرِيرَآءٌ, (TA,) He suffered from indigestion, or heaviness of the stomach, (K, TA,) in consequence of much eating, (TA,) and became inflated in his belly: (K, TA:) and so اِظْرَوْرَى: thus correctly; but mentioned by J and IKtt as with ض. (TA.) [See also Q. Q. 3 in art. طر.]

الطَّرَا [without the article طَرًا] What is not of the nature of the earth; (K;) or whatever is upon the surface of the earth, of such things as are not of the nature of the earth, consisting of pebbles; or small pebbles; [and the like;] and dust and the like: (TA:) and, (K, TA,) as some say, (TA,) the sorts of created things whereof the number cannot be reckoned; (K, TA;) or any created things whereof the number and the sorts cannot be reckoned. (TA.) One says, هُمْ أَكْثَرُ مِنَ الطَّرَى وَالثَّرَى [or الطَّرَا والَثَّرَا i. e. They are more in number, or quantity, than the pebbles, &c., and than the moist earth]. (TA.) طَرِىٌّ Fresh, juicy, or moist: (S, Msb, K, TA:) and طَرِىْءٌ is a dial. var. thereof. (Msb.) It is expl. as meaning thus in the Kur [xvi. 44 and] xxxv. 13 [as an epithet applied to the flesh of fish]. (TA.) And الطَّرِيَّانِ [used as a subst.] means Fish and fresh ripe dates. (A, TA.) b2: Also Strange, or a stranger; syn. غَرِيبٌ: and AA has mentioned ↓ رَجُلٌ طَارِىٌّ, [said to be] with teshdeed, [otherwise I should think it might be a mistranscription for طَارِئٌ,] as meaning a man that is a stranger. (TA.) طِرِيَّانٌ, with two kesrehs, and with the ى musheddedeh, The خِوَان [or table] upon which one eats; thus accord. to ISk: or, accord. to IAar, the طَبَق [i. e. dish, or plate]: occurring in a trad.; as some relate it, thus; and as others relate it, طِرِّيَان, with the ر musheddedeh, like صِلِّيَان; [and thus it is mentioned in the O and K in art. طر;] but Fr says that this latter is of the dial. of the vulgar. (TA.) طَارِىٌّ: see طَرِىٌّ.

إِطْرِيَةٌ A sort of food, called in Pers\. لَا خِشَهْ; (S;) [i. e.] a certain food, like threads, made of flour; (K, TA;) an explanation necessarily implying that it is what is called in Egypt غَزْلُ البَنَاتِ: accord. to Sh, a thing made of softened starch; and said by Lth to be a food made by the people of Syria; a word having no n. un.; and what these two say indicates that it is what is called كُنَافَة: Lth and Z mention the word as pronounced also with fet-h; but Az says that the pronunciation with fet-h is incorrect. (TA.) أُطْرُوَانٌ The first stage, and the quickness, (غُلَوَآء, in the CK [erroneously] غُلُوّ,) of youth: (K, TA:) like عُنْفُوَانٌ in measure and in meaning. (TA.) One says also, ↓ لِكُلِّ شَىْءٍ أُطْرُوَانِيَّةٌ i. e. [To everything there is] a state of youthfulness. (TA.) أُطْرُوَانِيَّةٌ: see what next precedes.

عُودٌ مُطَرًّى [Aloes-wood] such as is termed مُطَيَّرٌ, with which one fumigates himself: (S, TA:) and أَلْوَةٌ مُطَرَّاةٌ [signifies the same, i. e. aloes-wood] rendered fragrant [as though refreshed] by the admixture of [other] perfume, or of ambergris, or some other thing: المُطَرَّاةُ is said by Lth to mean a sort of perfume. (TA.) And غِسْلَةٌ مُطَرَّاةٌ A preparation for washing the head or hand, compounded with aromatics. (S, TA.) b2: and one says, هُوَ مُطَرًّى فِى نَفْسِهِ, meaning مُتَجَبِّرٌ [i. e. (assumed tropical:) He is restored to a good state, or condition, of body, or of property]. (TA.)

شف

1 شَفَّ, aor. ـِ inf. n. شُفُوفٌ (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K) and شَفِيفٌ (S, O, K) and شَفَفٌ, (CK, [but not in my MS. copy of the K nor in the TA,]) It (a garment, or piece of cloth,) was thin, fine, or delicate, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) so that what was behind it was visible, (S, * IB, Mgh, [ for خَلَقَهُ in some copies of the S, and خَلْفَهُ in others, I read مَا خَلْفَهُ, which is the right reading accord. to IB and the TA, agreeably with the reading in the Mgh, which is مَا وَرَآءَهُ,]) or so as to tell what was beneath it: (O, K:) [and it, (a gem, or the like,) was translucent: or was transparent. (See شَفَّافٌ.)] One says, شَفَّ عَلَيْهِ ثَوْبُهُ His garment was thin, &c., upon him. (S.) b2: b3: And شَفَّ جِسْمُهُ, aor. ـِ inf. n. شُفُوفٌ, His body became lean, or emaciated. (S, O, K.) A2: شَفَّ, aor. ـِ inf. n. شِفٌّ, It (a thing, O, Msb) exceeded; or was, or became, redundant. (S, O, Msb, K.) Hence, in a trad., شَفَّ نَحْوًا مِنْ دَانِقٍ It exceeded by about a دانق. (Sh, O.) And one says, شَفَّ عَلَيْه, aor. ـُ [so in the L and TA, contr. to rule, probably a mistranscription for يَشِفُّ,] inf. n. شُفُوفٌ; and ↓ شفّف, and ↓ استشفّ; [app. meaning, as seems to be indicated by the context, It exceeded it:] and شَفِفْتُ فِى السِّلْعَةِ [app. a mistranscription for شَفَفْتُ] I gained in, or upon, the the article of merchandise: (TA: [and so, app., ↓ شَفَّفْتُ: see شَفَّى:]) and فى تِجَارَتِهِ ↓ استشفّ [He obtained what is termed شِفٌّ in his traffic; i. e.] he made gain, or profit, in his traffic; syn. رَبِحَ. (S and K in art. ربح.) b2: And sometimes (Msb) it signifies also the contr.; i. e. It fell short; or was, or became, deficient. (Msb, K.) One says, (O, Msb,) of a dirhem, (O,) هٰذَا يَشِفُّ قَلِيلًا This falls short, or is deficient, a little. (O, Msb.) And شَفَّ عَنْهُ الثَّوْبُ, aor. ـِ The garment was too short for him. (TA.) A3: Also شَفَّ, (O, K,) aor. ـِ (O,) It (a thing, O) was, or became, in a state of motion, commotion, or agitation. (O, K.) A4: And شَفَّ لَكَ الشَّىْءُ i. q. دَامَ and ثَبَتَ [app. meaning The thing belonged, or pertained, to thee permanently, or constantly; or may the thing belong, &c.]. (TA.) A5: شَفَّهُ, (S, M, O, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. شَفٌّ (S, M, TA) and شُفُوفٌ, (M, TA,) It (anxiety) rendered him lean, or emaciated; (S, O, K;) as also ↓ شَفْشَفَهُ; (S;) both are also expl. as meaning it rendered him lean, or lank in the belly, so that he became slender: (TA:) or, accord. to the M, it (grief, and love,) pained his heart: or rendered him lean, or emaciated: or deprived him of his reason: and it is said of grief as meaning it manifested what he felt of impatience. (TA.) And شَفَّ النُّفُوسَ, as used in a verse of Towbeh Ibn-El- Homeiyir, It hurt and melted the souls. (Ham p. 594.) A6: See also 8, in two places.2 شَفَّّ see the preceding paragraph, in two places.4 أَشْفَفْتُهُمْ I preferred them, or judged them to excel. (K.) You say, أَشْفَفْتُ بَعْضَ وَلَدِى عَلَى

بَعْضٍ I preferred some of my children above some. (S. [And the like is said in the Mgh.]) And أَشْفَفْتُ هٰذَا عَلَى هٰذَا I preferred this above this. (Msb.) b2: And اشفّ فُلَانٌ الدِّرْهَمَ Such a one made the dirhem to exceed: or, made it to fall short. (TA.) A2: أَشَفَّ عَلَيْهِ [if not a mistranscription for أُشِفَّ, which I rather think it to be,] He excelled him, or surpassed him. (TA.) A3: أَشَفَّ الفَمُ The mouth had in it a fetid odour. (Ibn-Buzurj, TA.) 6 تَشَافَفْتُهُ I took away his or its, شِفّ, i. e. excess, or redundance. (O, K.) b2: See also the next paragraph, in three places.8 اشتفّ مَا فِى الإِنَآءِ (S, O, K) كُلَّهُ (K) He drank what was in the vessel, all of it, (S, O, K,) even the شُفَافَة [or last drop or remains], (O,) not leaving any of it remaining; (S;) [and so اِجْتَفَّ;] as also ↓ تشافّ: (S, O, K:) and ↓ استشفّ المَآءَ He drank the water to the uttermost, not leaving any of it remaining; as also ↓ شَفَّهُ, aor. ـُ inf. n. شَفٌّ: and المَآءَ ↓ شَفَفْتُ I drank much of the water without having my thirst satisfied. (TA.) [Hence,] in the trad. of Umm-Zara, وَإِنْ شَرِبَ اشْتَفَّ [And if he drank, he drank up all that was in the vessel]. (S, O.) And it is said in a prov., ↓ لَيْسَ الرِّىُّ عَنِ التَّشَافِّ (S, O, TA) i. e. The satisfying of thirst is not from the drinking up all that is in the vessel; for it is sometimes effected by less than this: (O, TA:) it is applied in forbidding one's going to the utmost in an affair, and persevering therein. (S, * O, TA.) Accord. to IAar, one says also تَشَافَيْتُ المَآءَ I exhausted the water; which, ISd says, is originally ↓ تَشَافَفتُ. (TA.) b2: 'Abd-Allah Ibn-Sebreh El-Harashee uses the first of these verbs metaphorically in relation to death; saying, سَاقَيْتُهُ المَوْتَ حَتَّى اشْتَفَّ آخِرَهُ meaning (tropical:) [I vied with him in giving the draught of death] until he drank the last of it, i. e., the last of death. (TA.) b3: And اشتفّ البَعِيرُ الحِزَامَ كُلَّهُ means The camel filled, and took up wholly, the girth, (O, K, TA,) so that nothing remained of it redundant, by reason of the largeness of the middle of his body. (TA.) 10 استشفّهُ, (O, K,) or استشفّ مَا وَرَآءَهُ, (S, Msb,) He saw what was behind it. (O, Msb, K.) [Thus the former signifies He saw through it: and it is used in this sense both properly and tropically.] b2: Hence the saying to the seller of cloths, اِسْتَشِفَّ هٰذَا الثَّوْبَ, [which may be rendered Look thou through this garment, or piece of cloth; but is expl. as] meaning make thou this garment, or piece of cloth, single, [by unfolding it,] and raise it, or hold it up, in shade, in order that I may see whether it be close in texture or flimsy. (TA.) b3: استشفّ also signifies [agreeably with the explanation of استشفّ مَا وَرَآءَهُ mentioned above] (assumed tropical:) He distinguished a thing plainly, like as one distinguishes plainly a thing behind glass. (Har p. 244.) b4: And one says, كَتَبْتُ كِتَابًا فَاسْتَشَفَّهُ, meaning (assumed tropical:) [I wrote a letter, or writing, &c., and] he examined attentively what was in it. (TA.) A2: See also 8.

A3: And see 1, in two places.

A4: [Freytag mentions as a signification of استشفّ “ Desiderio alicujus rei implevit; ”

with الى before the object: but he names no authority for this; and I doubt its correctness.] R. Q. 1 شَفْشَفَهُ: see 1, latter part. b2: Also, accord. to IAar, (O, TA,) inf. n. شَفْشَفَةٌ, (K, TA,) It (heat, and cold,) dried it up; namely, a thing, (O, K, TA,) such as herbage, (O, TA,) &c. (TA.) And accord. to AA, الشَّفْشَفَةُ signifies The hoar-frost's burning [meaning blasting] the herbage of the earth: or the burning of a medicament that is sprinkled upon a wound: (O:) or it has the former of these two meanings, and signifies also the sprinkling of a medicament upon a wound. (K. [But I think that, for وَذَرُّ الدَّوَآءِ in the K, we should read وَذَرِّ الدَّوَآءِ, and thus reconcile the K in this case with the O: see, however, what next follows; which may be regarded either as confirming the reading in the K, or as having misled its author, in this instance.]) A2: الشَّفْشَفَةُ signifies also The sprinkling of urine and the like. (K.) You say, شَفْشَفَ بِبَوْلِهِ He sprinkled his urine. (O.) A3: Also The trembling, and the being confused (الاِخْتِلَاطُ), (O, K, TA,) resulting from intense jealousy. (TA. [See مُشَفْشَفٌ.]) b2: And شَفْشَفَ عَلَيْهِ He was solicitously affectionate, or pitiful or compassionate, towards him, (TA.) [See, again, مُشَفْشَفٌ.]) R. Q. 2 تَشَفْشَفَ, said of herbage, It began to dry up. (TA.) شَفٌّ A thin, fine, or delicate, garment or piece of cloth; (Az, S, Mgh, O, * Msb, K; *) as also ↓ شِفٌّ (Az, S, O, Msb, K) and ↓ شَفِيفٌ: (Msb:) you say ثَوْبٌ شَفٌّ (S, Mgh, Msb) and ↓ شِفٌّ (S, Msb) and ↓ شَفِيفٌ. (Msb:) [see also شَفَّافٌ:] and the garment, or piece of cloth, itself, is termed شَفٌّ and ↓ شِفٌّ: (Har p. 70:) [i. e. each of these words is also used as a subst.; and this is perhaps meant in the O and K: or] شَفٌّ signifies also a certain thin, fine, or delicate, veil or covering: or, accord. to Aboo-Nasr, a certain thin, fine, or delicate, veil or covering, of wool, through which one sees what is behind it: (S:) pl. شُفُوفٌ. (O, Msb, K.) Among the verses of “ the Book ” [of Sb, cited as exs. therein], is the following: لَلْبْسُ عَبَآءَةٍ وَتَقَرُّ عَيْنِى

أَحَبُّ إِلَىَّ مِنْ لُبْسِ الشُّفُوفِ [Verily the wearing of a woollen cloak, my eye being therewithal unheated by tears, is more pleasing to me than the wearing of thin, fine, or delicate, garments]. (O.) A2: See also شِفٌّ.

A3: شفّ [app. شَفٌّ] also signifies Pimples, or small pustules, that come forth and then go away. (Ibn-Buzurj, TA.) شِفٌّ: see شَفٌّ, in three places.

A2: Also, (S, Mgh, O, K,) and ↓ شَفٌّ, (L, K,) but the former is that which is well known, (L, TA,) and ↓ شَفِيفٌ, (TA,) Gain, or profit; increase obtained in traffic: and excess, surplus, or redundance: syn. رِبْحٌ [q. v.] : and فَضْلٌ; (S, Mgh, O, K;) and زِيَادَةٌ. (Mgh, TA.) Hence (Mgh) نَهَى عَنْ شِفِّ مَا لَم يُضْمَنْ, meaning [He (the Prophet, TA) forbade] the رِبْح [i. e. gain, or profit, of that for which one has not made himself responsible to the purchaser]. (O, Mgh.) And one says, لِهٰذَا عَلَى هٰذَا شِفّق [There is, or pertains, to this, an excess above this]. (Ksh in ii. 15.) And قَالَ قَوْلًا شِفًّا He said a saying that was a redundance. (TA.) b2: And A deficiency: thus having two contr. meanings. (ISk and S and O in explanation of the first word, K in explanation of the first and second words, and TA in explanation of all.) b3: Also, the first word, i. q. مَهْنَأٌ: one says to a person when regarding him with a wish for the like of a thing that he has attained, or that he possesses, without desiring that it should pass away from him, شِفٌّ لَكَ يَا فُلَانُ [May it be an unalloyed gratification to thee, O such a one]. (TA.) b4: And A thing that is little, or small, in quantity; mean, or paltry. (TA.) [See also شَفِيفٌ, last signification.]

شَفَفٌ: see شَفِيفٌ, last signification.

A2: Also i. q. خِفَّةٌ [Lightness, &c.]. (TA.) b2: And sometimes it signifies Evilness, or narrowness of the circumstances, (رِقَّة,) of one's state, or condition. (TA.) شُفَافٌ: see شُفَافَةٌ.

شَفِيفٌ: see شَفٌّ, in two places: A2: and see شِفٌّ.

A3: Also Cold, as a subst.; (ISk, S, O, Msb;) thus in the saying, وَجَدَ فِى أَسْنَانِهِ شَفِيفًا [He felt, or experienced, in his teeth, cold]; (S, O;) and so ↓ شَفَّانٌ: (ISk, Msb:) or, as some say, (O,) the hurting, or paining, (لَذْع, [in the CK لَدْغ,] of cold: (S, O, K:) and intense cold, with rain and wind; and شِفَافٌ is its pl.: (TA:) or intense cold [alone]: (Msb:) or a cold wind in which is moisture: (O:) and ↓ شَفَّانٌ signifies the cold of a wind in which is moisture: (S:) or شَفِيفٌ has this last signification; and ↓ شَفَّانٌ, the signification next preceding it: one says, لَهَا ↓ أَلْجَأَهُ شَفَّانٌ شَفِيفٌ A cold and moist wind, having [much] cold and moisture, made him to betake himself to a covert: (IDrd, IF, Msb:) or شَفِيفٌ signifies rain and hail: (O:) or so ↓ شَفَّانٌ; [or rain and cold: for برد is written in my original without any syll. sign;] wherefore some of the lawyers say that it is rain and more: (Msb:) or شَفِيفٌ signifies also rain in which is hail: (K, TA:) or rain in which is cold: (CK:) or a cold wind; (K;) as also ↓ شَفْشَافٌ: (O, K:) or this last signifies a wind of mild cold: (S, TA:) and ↓ شَفَّانٌ, cold and wind: (O, K:) one says, غَدَاةٌ ذَاتُ شَفَّانٍ a morning having cold and wind (S, * O, K) with moisture. (S.) b2: And Intense heat (IDrd, EsSarakustee, O, Msb, K) of the sun: (IDrd, O, K:) thus having two contr. significations. (K.) b3: And Pain in the stomach. (Aboo-Sa'eed, O.) A4: [Also Affected with pain: or with hurt, or grief. (Freytag, from the Deewán of the Hudhalees.)]

A5: Also Small, or little, in number, quantity, or amount; and so ↓ شَفَفٌ. (O, K.) [See also شِفٌّ, last signification.]

شُفَافَةٌ A portion of water remaining in a vessel; (S, O, K;) and likewise, of milk: (TA:) or the last drop remaining in a vessel: (Ham p.

239:) IAth says that some of the later writers mention it as being with س. (TA.) Dhu-rRummeh uses the phrase الشَّفَا ↓ شُفَافَ, in a verse, as meaning In the remaining portion of the day. (O.) شَفَّافٌ Extremely [or very] thin or fine or delicate, so that a thing behind it is visible: (KL:) [translucent:] transparent: applied to a gem, or the like; and to a garment, or piece of cloth. (TA.) [See also شَفٌّ.]

شَفَّانٌ: see شَفِيفٌ, in six places.

شَفْشَافٌ A garment, or piece of cloth, not well or strongly or compactly [woven or] made. (O, K.) A2: See also شَفِيفٌ.

شَفَاشِفُ Vehement thirst. (O, K.) أَشَفُّ [a noun denoting excess]. It is said in a trad. of Ráfi', فَكَانَ الخَلْخَالُ أَشَفَّ مِنْهَا قَلِيلًا, meaning [And the anklet, or pair of anklets, was] more than they [in value or weight]; (syn. أَفْضَل and أَزْيَد;) i. e. more [in value or weight] than the dirhems. (Mgh.) And one says, فُلَانٌ أَشَفُّ مِنْ فُلَانٍ, meaning Such a one is a little greater, or older, (أَكْبَرُ قَلِيلًا,) than such a one. (TA.) مَشْفُوفٌ is said by Ibn-Buzurj to be like مَجْفُوفٌ [part. n. of جَفَّهُ; i. e. Collected; or collected together and taken away]. (TA.) مُشَفْشَفٌ (O, K) and ↓ مُشَفْشِفٌ, (K,) the latter on the authority of IAar, (TA,) Slender, shallow, or weak, in intellect, and evil in disposition. (O, K.) And [both words agreeably with different explanations of the verb] One in whom is, (K,) or, accord. to Saad, one who is as though there were in him, (O,) a trembling, and confusion, (O, K,) resulting from jealousy, (K,) or from vehement jealousy, (O,) and solicitous affection, or pity or compassion, for his حُرَم [or wives, or women under covert, and household, (in the CK his حَرَم,)] as though jealousy wasted his heart, and made him lank and lean: or evil in disposition, and very jealous: and ↓ the latter word, solicitously affectionate; or pitying, or compassionating. (TA.) مُشَفْشِفٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places.

جن

1 جَنَّهُ, (S, Mgh, K,) aor. ـُ (Mgh, TA,) inf. n. جَنٌّ, (TA,) It veiled, concealed, hid, covered, or protected, him; (S, Mgh, K;) said of the night; (S, K;) as also جَنَّ عَلَيْهِ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (S, Msb,) inf. n. جُنُونٌ, (S,) or جَنٌّ, (K,) or both; (TA;) so in the Kur vi. 76, meaning it veiled him, concealed him, or covered him, with its darkness; (Bd;) and ↓ اجنّهُ: (S, Msb, K:) or this last signifies he, or it, made, or prepared, for him, or gave him, that which should veil him, conceal him, &c. : accord. to Er-Rághib, the primary signification of جَنٌّ is the veiling, or concealing, &c., from the sense. (TA.) And جُنَّ عَنْهُ meansIt (anything) was veiled, concealed, or hidden, from him. (K.) b2: He concealed it; namely, a dead body; as also ↓ اجنّهُ: (S, TA:) or the latter, he wrapped it in grave-clothing: (K:) and he buried it. (TA.) And الشَّىْءَ فِى صَدْرِى ↓ أَجْنَنْتُ I concealed the thing in my bosom. (S.) and وَلَدًا ↓ أَجَنَّتْ, (S,) or جَنِينًا, (K,) said of a woman, (S,) or a pregnant female, (K,) She concealed [or enveloped in her womb a child, or an embryo, or a fœtus]. (TA.) A2: جَنَّ, aor. ـِ inf. n. جِنٌّ, It (an embryo, or a fœtus,) was concealed in the womb. (K.) b2: Also, [inf. n., probably, جِنٌّ and جُنُونٌ and جَنَانٌ, explained below,] It (the night) was, or became, dark. (Golius on the authority of Ibn-Maaroof.) A3: جُنَّ, (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. جُنُونٌ (S, K) and جِنَّةٌ (S) and جَنٌّ; (K;) and ↓ اُسْتُجِنٌّ, and ↓ تجنّن, and ↓ تجانّ; (K;) He (a man, S) was, or became, مَجْنُون [originally signifying possessed by a جِنِّىّ, or by جِنّ; possessed by a devil or demon; (see Bd li. 39;) and hence meaning bereft of reason; or mad, insane, unsound in mind or intellect, or wanting therein: the verbs may generally be rendered he was, or became, possessed; or mad, or insane]. (S, Msb, K.) b2: جُنَّ الذُّبَابُ, (S, A, TA,) inf. n. جُنُونٌ, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) The flies made much buzzing: (S:) or made a gladsome buzzing in a meadow. (A, TA.) b3: جُنَّ النَّبْتُ, inf. n. جُنُونٌ, (tropical:) The herbage became tall, and tangled, or luxuriant, or abundant and dense, and put forth its flowers or blossoms: (S, TA:) or became thick and tall and full-grown, and blossomed. (M, TA.) And جُنَّتِ الأَرْضُ, (Fr, K,) inf. n. جُنُونٌ, (K,) (tropical:) The land produced pleasing herbage or plants: (Fr, TA:) or put forth its flowers and blossoms; as also ↓ تجنّنت. (K, TA.) 2 جَنَّّ see 4.4 أَجْنَ3َ see 1, in four places: A2: and see 8.

A3: Also اجنّهُ He (God) caused him to be, or become, مَجْنُون [originally signifying possessed by a جِنِّىّ, or by جِنّ; and hence generally meaning bereft of reason; or mad, insane, unsound in mind or intellect, or wanting therein]. (S, Msb, K.) [and so, vulgarly, ↓ جنّنهُ, whoever, or whatever, be the agent.] b2: ما اجنّهُ [How mad, or insane, &c., is he!] is anomalous, (Th, S,) being formed from a verb of the pass. form, namely, جُنَّ; (Th, TA;) for of the مَضْرُوب one should not say, مَا أَضْرَبَهُ; nor of the مَسْلُول should one say, مَا أَسَلَّهُ: (S:) Sb says that the verb of wonder is used in this case because it denotes want of intellect [which admits of degrees]. (TA.) A4: اجنّ also signifies وَقَعَ فِى مَجَنَّةٍ [app. meaning He fell into, or upon, a place containing, or abounding with, جِنّ]. (TA.) 5 تَجَنَّّ see 1, in two places. b2: تجنّن عَلَيْهِ, and ↓ تَجَانَنَ, (S, K,) and ↓ تَجَانَّ, (S,) He feigned himself مَجْنُون [i. e. possessed by a جِنِّىّ, or by جِنّ; and hence generally meaning bereft of reason; or mad, insane, &c.;] to him; (S, K;) not being really so. (TA.) 6 تَجَانَّ and تَجَانَنَ: see 1: b2: and see also 5.8 اجتنّ, (accord, to the S,) or ↓ اجنّ, (accord. to the K,) He was, or became, veiled, concealed, hidden, covered, or protected, or he veiled, concealed, hid, covered, or protected, himself, (S, K,) عَنْهُ from him, or it; (K;) as also ↓ استجن. (S, K.) You say, بِجُنَّةٍ ↓ استجن He was, or became, veiled, &c., or he veiled himself, &c., by a thing whereby he was veiled, &c. (S.) 10 إِسْتَجْنَ3َ see 8, in two places: A2: and see also 1.

A3: اِسْتِجْنَانٌ is also syn. with اِسْتِطْرَابٌ; (S, K;) استجنّهُ meaning استطربهُ, i. e. He excited him to mirth, joy, gladness, or sport. (TK.) جِنٌّ The darkness of night; as also ↓ جُنُونٌ and ↓ جَنَانُ, (K, TA,) the last [written in the CK جُنان, but it is] with fet-h: (TA:) or all signify its intense darkness: (TA:) or all, the confusedness of the darkness of night: (K:) [all, in these senses, are app. inf. ns.: (see 1:)] the last, ↓ جَنَانٌ, also signifies night [itself]: (K:) or [so in copies of the K, accord. to the TA, but in the CK “ and,”] the dense black darkness of night: (S, K:) and ↓ جُنُونٌ, the veiling, or concealing, or protecting, darkness of night. (ISk, S.) b2: Concealment: so in the phrase, لَا جِنَّ بِهٰذَا الأَمْرِ There is no concealment with this thing. (K, * TA.) One of the Hudhalees says, وَلَا جِنَّ بِالبَغْضَآءِ وَالنَّظَرِ الشَّزْرِ [And there is no concealment with vehement hatred and the looking with aversion]. (TA.) A2: [The genii; and sometimes the angels;] accord. to some, the spiritual beings that are concealed from the senses, or that conceal themselves from the senses; all of such beings; (Er-Rághib, TA;) the opposite of إِنْسٌ; (S, Mgh, Msb, Er-Rághib, TA;) thus comprising the angels; all of these being جِنّ; (Er-Rághib, TA;) thus called because they are feared but not seen: (S:) or, accord. to others, certain of the spiritual beings; for the spiritual beings are of three kinds; the good being the angels; and the evil being the devils (شَيَاطِين); and the middle kind, among whom are good and evil, being the جِنّ; as is shown by the first twelve verses of ch. lxxii. of the Kur: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or it here means intelligent invisible bodies, predominantly of the fiery, or of the aerial, quality: or a species of souls, or spirits, divested of bodies: or human souls separate from their bodies: (Bd:) or the جِنّ are the angels [exclusively]; (K;) these being so called in the Time of Ignorance, because they were concealed, or because they concealed themselves, from the eyes: so, accord. to some, in the Kur [xviii. 48], where it is said that Iblees was of the جِنّ: and so, as some say, in the Kur [vi. 100], where it is said that they called the جِنّ partners of God: (TA:) but some reject the explanation in the K, because the angels were created of light, and the جِنّ of fire; and the former do not propagate their kind, nor are they to be described as males and females; contrary to the case of the جِنّ; wherefore it is generally said that in the phrase [in the Kur xviii. 48, above mentioned] إِلَّا إِبْلِيسَ كَانَ مِنَ الجِنِّ, what is excepted is disunited in kind from that from which the exception is made, or that Iblees had adopted the dispositions of the جِنّ: (MF, TA:) or, as some say, the جِنّ were a species of the angels, who were the guardians of the earth and of the gardens of Paradise: (TA:) ↓ جِنَّةٌ, also, signifies the same as جِنٌّ: (S, Msb, K:) so in the last verse of the Kur: (S:) in the Kur xxxvii. 158 meaning the angels, whom certain of the Arabs worshipped; (TA;) and whom they called the daughters of God: (Fr, TA:) a single individual of the جِنّ is called ↓ جِنِّىٌّ, [fem. with ة:] (S, TA:) and ↓ جَانٌّ, also, is syn. with جِنٌّ: (Msb:) or الجَانٌ means the father of the جِنّ; (S, Mgh, TA;) [i. e. any father of جِنّ; for] the pl. is جِنَّانٌ, like حِيطَانٌ pl. of حَائِطٌ: (S, TA:) so says El-Hasan: it is said in the T, on the authority of AA, that the جانّ is, or are, of the جِنّ: (TA:) or جَانٌّ is a quasi-pl. n. of جِنٌّ; (M, K;) like جَامِلٌ and بَاقِرٌ: (M, TA:) so in the Kur lv. 56 and 74: in reading the passage in the Kur lv. 39, 'Amr Ibn-'Obeyd pronounced it جَأَنٌ: (TA:) it is related that there were certain creatures called the جَانّ, who were upon the earth, and who acted corruptly therein, and shed blood, wherefore God sent angels who banished them from the earth; and it is said that these angels became the inhabitants of the earth after them. (Zj, TA.) بَاتَ فُلَانٌ ضَيْفَ جِنٍّ

[Such a one passed the night a guest of جنّ] means, in a desolate place, in which was no one that might cheer him by his society or converse. (TA.) The saying of Moosà Ibn-Jábir, فَمَا نَفَرَتْ جِنِّى وَلَا فُلَّ مِبْرَدِى

may mean And my companions, who were like the جِنّ, did not flee when I came to them and informed them, nor was my tongue, that is like the file, deprived of its sharp edge: or by his جنّ he means his familiar جنّ, such as were asserted to aid poets when difficulties befell them; and by his مبرد, his tongue: (Ham p. 182 [where other explanations are proposed; but they are far-fetched]:) or by his جنّ he means his heart; and by his مبرد, his tongue. (S.) The Arabs liken a man who is sharp and effective in affairs to a جِنِّىّ and a شَيْطَان: and hence they said, نَفَرَتْ جِنُّهُ, meaning (assumed tropical:) He became weak and abject. (Ham ubi suprà.) b2: The greater, main, or chief, part, or the main body, or bulk, of men, or of mankind; as also ↓ جَنَانٌ; (K;) because he who enters among them becomes concealed by them: (TA:) or the latter means the general assemblage, or collective body, of men: (IAar, S, * TA:) or what veils, conceals, covers, or protects, one, of a thing. (AA, TA.) b3: (tropical:) The flowers, or blossoms, of plants or herbage. (K, TA.) b4: (tropical:) The prime, or first part, of youth: (S, K, TA:) or the sharpness, or vigorousness, and briskness, liveliness, or sprightliness, thereof. (TA.) Yousay, كَانَ ذٰلِك فِى جِنِّ شَبَابِهِ (tropical:) That was in the prime, or first part, of his youth. (S, TA.) and أَفْعَلُ ذٰلِكَ الأَمْرَ بِجِنِّ ذٰلِكَ (tropical:) I will do that thing in the time of the first and fresh state of that. (S, TA.) جِنٌّ may also signify (assumed tropical:) The madness, or insanity, of exultation, or of excessive exultation. (TA.) And one says, اِتّقِ النّاقَةَ فَإِنّهَا بِجِنِّ ضِرَامِهَا, meaning (assumed tropical:) Fear thou the she-camel, for she is in her evil temper on the occasion of her bringing forth. (TA.) b5: Also i. q. جدّ [app. جِدٌّ, as meaning (assumed tropical:) Seriousness, or earnestness]; because it is a thing that is an accompaniment of thought, or reflection, and is concealed by the heart. (TA.) جَنَّةٌ A [garden, such as is called] بُسْتَان: (S, Mgh:) or a garden, or walled garden, (حَدِيقَة, Msb, K,) of trees, or of palm-trees, (Msb,) or of palms and other trees: (K:) or only if containing palm-trees and grape-vines; otherwise, if containing trees, called حديقة: (Aboo-'Alee in the Tedhkireh, TA:) or any بستان having trees by which the ground is concealed: and sometimes concealing trees: (Er-Rághib, TA:) and palm-trees: (S:) or tall palm-trees: (Mgh:) or shadowing trees; because of the tangling, or luxuriousness of their branches; as though concealing at once what is beneath them: then a بستان; because of its dense and shadowing trees: (Bd in ii. 23:) or a بستان of palms and other trees, dense, and shadowing by the tangling, or luxuriousness, and denseness, of their branches; as though it were originally the inf. n. of un. of جَنَّهُ, and meaning “ a single act of veiling ” or “ concealing ” &c.: (Ksh ib.:) then, with the article ال, [Paradise,] the abode of recompense; because of the جِنَان therein; (Ksh and Bd ib.;) or because the various delights prepared therein for mankind are concealed in the present state of existence: (Bd ib.:) [and] hence الجَنَّاتُ [the gardens of Paradise], (so in a copy of the S,) or جَنَّاتُ عَدْنٍ [the gardens of continual abode]: (so in another copy of the S:) [for] the pl. of جَنَّةٌ is أَجِنَّةٌ (Mgh, Msb, K) and جِنَيْنَة (Msb, TA) and جُنَّةٌ, but this last is strange. (MF, TA.) [Dim. ↓ جُنَيْنَةٌ, vulgarly pronounced جِنَيْنَة, and applied to A garden; as though it were a little Paradise.]

جُنَّةٌ A thing by which a person is veiled, concealed, hidden, covered, or protected: an arm, or armour, with which one protects himself: (S:) anything protective: (K:) or coats of mail, and any defensive, or protective, arm or armour: (TA:) pl. جُنَنٌ. (S.) b2: A piece of cloth which a woman wears, covering the fore and kind parts of her head, but not the middle of it, and covering the face, and the two sides of the bosom, (K,) or, accord. to the M, the ornaments [حُلِىّ instead of جَنْبَى] of the bosom, (TA,) and having two eyeholes, like the بُرْقُع. (K.) جِنَّةٌ: see its syn. جِنٌّ: A2: and جُنُونٌ.

جَنَنٌ A grave; (S, K;) because it conceals the dead: (TA:) and so ↓ جَنِينٌ, of the measure فَعيلٌ in the sense of the measure فَاعِلٌ. (Er-Rághib, TA.) b2: Grave-clothing; (K;) for the same reason. (TA.) b3: A garment that conceals the body. (TA.) [See also جَنَانٌ.]

A2: A dead body; (S, K;) because concealed in the grave; the word being of the measure فَعَلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ, like نَفَضٌ in the sense of مَنْفُوضٌ. (TA.) جَنُنٌ: see جُنُونٌ.

جَنَانٌ: see جِنٌّ, first sentence, in two places: A2: and see the same in the latter part of the paragraph. b2: Also A garment: (K:) or a garment that conceals one; as in the saying, مَا عَلَىَّ جَنَانٌ إِلَّا مَا تَرَى [There is not upon me a garment that conceals me save what thou seest]. (S.) [See also جَنَنٌ.] b3: The حَرِيم [or surrounding adjuncts, or appertenances and conveniences,] (K, TA) of a house; because concealing the house. (TA.) b4: The interior of a thing that one does not see; (K;) because concealed from the eye. (TA.) b5: The heart; (T, S, M, Msb, K;) because concealed in the bosom; (T, M;) or because it holds things in memory: (M, TA:) or its رُوع [i. e. the heart's core, or the mind, or understanding, or intellect]; (K;) which is more deeply hidden: (TA:) and (sometimes, TA) the soul, or spirit; (IDrd, K;) because the body conceals it: (IDrd, TA:) pl. أَجْنَانٌ. (IJ, K.) You say, مَا يَسْتَقِرُّ جَنَانُهُ مِنَ الفَزَعِ [His heart does not rest in its place by reason of fright]. (TA.) b6: A secret and bad action. (TA. [Before the word rendered “ secret ” is another epithet, which is illegible.]) جُنَانٌ: see مِجَنٌّ: A2: and what here next follows.

جُنُونٌ: see جِنٌّ, first sentence, in two places.

A2: Also, inf. n. of جُنَّ; (S, K;) [originally signifying A state of possession by a جِنِّىِّ, or by جِنّ; diabolical, or demoniacal, possession; and hence meaning] loss of reason; or madness, insanity, or unsoundness in mind or intellect; (Mgh;) or deficiency of intellect: (Sb, TA:) [it may generally be rendered possession, or insanity:] ↓ جُنُنٌ is a contraction thereof; (S, K;) or accord. to some, an original form: (MF, TA:) and ↓ جَنَّةٌ, also, (an inf. n. and a simple subst., S,) signifies the same as جُنُونٌ: (S, Msb, K:) as also ↓ مَجَنَّةٌ, (S, K,) and ↓ جُنَانٌ, but this last is vulgar. (TA.) b2: Also Persistence in evil; and pursuance of a headlong, or rash, course. (Ham p. 14.) جَنِينٌ Anything veiled, concealed, hidden, or covered: (K:) applied as an epithet even to rancour, or malice. (TA.) b2: Buried; deposited in a grave. (IDrd, S.) b3: An embryo; a fœtus; the child, or young, in the belly; (S Msb, K;) [i. e.,] in the womb: (Mgh:) pl. أَجِنَّةٌ (S, Msb, K) and أَجْنُنٌ. (ISd, K.) b4: And the former of these pls., Waters choked up with earth. (TA.) A2: See also جَنَنٌ. b2: Also The vulva. (TA.) جُنَانَةٌ: see مِجَنٌّ.

جَنِينَةٌ, accord. to the copies of the K, but in the M ↓ جِنِّيَّةٌ, (TA,) A [garment of the kind called]

مِطْرَف, (K, TA,) of a round form, (TA,) like the طَيْلَسَان, (K, TA,) worn by women: (TA:) in the T, said to be certain well-known garments. (TA.) جُنَيْنَةٌ: see جنَّةٌ, last sentence.

جِنِّىٌّ Of, or relating to, the جِنّ, or جِنَّة. (K.) b2: See جِنٌّ. In the saying, وَيْحَكِ يَا جِنِّىَّ هَلْ بَدَا لَكِ

أَنْ تُرْجِعِى عَقْلِى فَقَدْ أَنَى لَكِ [Mercy on thee! O Jinneeyeh, جِنِّىَّ being for جِنِّيَّةُ,) doth it appear fit to thee that thou shouldst restore my reason? for the time hath come for thee to do so], a woman resembling a جِنِّيَّة is meant, either because of her beauty, or in her changeableness. (TA.) A2: The tallness, or length and height, of a camel's hump. (TA.) جِنِّيَّةٌ [fem. of جِنِّىٌّ, q. v. ]

A2: See also جَنِينَةٌ جِنْجِنٌ and جَنْجَنٌ and ↓ جِنْجِنَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ جِنْجَنَةٌ (K) and (as some say, TA) ↓ جُنْجُونٌ (K) are sings. of جَنَاجِنُ, which signifies The bones of the breast: (S, K:) or the heads of the ribs of men and of others: (M, TA:) or the extremities of the ribs, next the sternum. (T, TA.) جَنْجَنَةٌ: see what next precedes.

جُنْجُونٌ: see what next precedes.

جَانٌّ: see جِنٌّ. b2: Also A white serpent: (Lth, S, Msb:) or a small white serpent: (Mgh:) or a great serpent: (Zj, TA:) or a species of serpent (AA, M, K) having black-bordered eyes, (M, K,) inclining to yellow, (M, TA,) harmless, and abounding in houses: (M, K:) pl. جَوَانُّ, (AA, TA,) or جِنَّانٌ. (TA.) أَجِنَّكَ كَذَا i. q. مِنْ أَجْلِ أَنَّكَ [Because that thou art thus]; (S, K;) from which it is contracted by suppressing the ل and ا and transferring the kesreh of the ل to the ا (S.) A poet says, أَجِنَّكِ عِنْدِى أَحْسَنُ النَّاسِ كُلِّهِمْ [Because that thou art in my estimation the goodliest of all mankind]. (S.) The مِنْ is omitted as in the phrase فَعَلْتُهُ أَجْلَكَ for مِنْ أَجْلِكَ. (Ks, TA.) تَجْنِينٌ [an inf. n. used as a simple subst.,] What is said by the جِنّ [or genii]: or, accord. to Es-Sukkaree, strange, uncouth speech or language, difficult to be understood. (TA.) مُجَنٌّ: see مَجْنُونٌ.

مِجَنٌّ A shield; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) because the owner conceals, or protects, himself with it; (Mgh, Msb;) as also ↓ مِجَنَّةٌ (Lh, K) and ↓ جُنَانٌ and ↓ جُنَانَةٌ: (K:) pl. مَجَانُّ. (S, Msb.) Sb held it to be of the measure فِعَلٌّ, from مجن; but his opinion is opposed by the fact that the word is of the form which is significant of an instrument, by the doubling of the ن, and by the syns. جنان and جنانة. (MF, TA.) It is said in a trad., that the hand [of a thief] shall not be cut off save for the value of a مِجَنّ; which in the time of the Prophet was a deenár, or ten dirhems; for this is the lowest amount for which that punishment is to be inflicted. (Mgh.) You say, قَلَبَ مِجَنَّهُ [He turned his shield], meaning (tropical:) He dropped shame, and did what he pleased: or he became absolute master of his affair, or case. (K, TA.) And قَلَبْتُ لَهُ ظَهْرَ المِجَنِّ [I turned towards him the outer side of the shield], meaning (assumed tropical:) I became hostile to him after reconciliation. (Har p. 265.) b2: Also A [woman's ornament such as is commonly called] وِشَاح (Az, K.) مَجَنَّةٌ A place in which one is veiled, concealed, hidden, covered, or protected; or in which one veils, conceals, hides, covers, or protects, himself. (S.) b2: A land having in it جِنّ: (S:) or abounding with جِنّ. (K.) A2: See also جُنُونٌ.

مِجَنَّةٌ: see مِجَنٌّ.

مَجْنُونٌ [Possessed by جِنِّىّ, or by جِنّ, or by a devil, or demon; a demoniac: (see Bd li. 39:) and hence meaning bereft of reason; or mad, insane, unsound in mind or intellect, or wanting therein: (see جُنُونٌ:) it may generally be rendered possessed; or mad, or insane:] part. n. of جُنَّ: (Msb:) or anomalously used as pass. part. n. of أَجَنَّهُ: (S, * K, * TA:) one should not say ↓ مُجَنٌّ: (S, TA:) [pl. مَجَانِينُ.] b2: نَخْلَةٌ مَجْنُونَةٌ (tropical:) A tall palm-tree: (S, K, TA:) pl. مَجَانِينُ. (S, TA.) And نَبْتٌ مَجْنُونٌ (tropical:) A plant, or herbage, that is tangled, or luxuriant, or abundant and dense, in part, and strong. (TA.) And أَرْضٌ مَجْنُونَةٌ (assumed tropical:) Land producing much herbage, that has not been depastured. (TA. [See also what next follows.]) أَرْضٌ مَتَجَنِّنَةٌ (tropical:) Land having much herbage, so that it extends in every way. (K, TA.) مَنْجَنُونٌ and مَنْجَنِينٌ: see art. منجن