رشف

1 رَشَفَهُ, aor. ـُ and رَشَفَ, inf. n. رَشْفٌ, (S, MA, O, Msb, K,) [and app. رَشِيفٌ also (which see below), and تَرْشَافٌ, which has an intensive signification, mentioned by Freytag as occurring in the “ Mak-soorah ” of Ibn-Dureyd;] and رَشِفَهُ, aor. ـَ (AA, O, K,) inf. n. رَشْفٌ; (K;) He sucked it in, (S, MA, O, K,) namely, water, (MA, K,) and the saliva of a girl, (IAar, O,) with the two lips; (MA;) as also ↓ ارتشفهُ (S, MA, O, * K) and ↓ ترشّفهُ (S, * MA, O, * K) and ↓ ارشفهُ and ↓ رشّفهُ: (IAar, O, K:) or he took it, namely, water, with the two lips in a manner exceeding that which is termed مَصٌّ: (Msb:) and رَشَفَ, (Msb,) or رَشَفَ الإِنَآءَ and رَشِفَهُ, (K,) inf. n. رَشْفٌ, (IF, O,) he drank to the uttermost what was in the vessel, not leaving in it anything: (IF, * O, * Msb, K:) or, accord. to some, رَشْفٌ signifies the sucking in the water of the mouth in kissing: (Har p. 271:) you say, رَشَفَهَا, meaning he sucked her (a girl's) saliva from her mouth: (IAar, L in art. مصد:) and ↓ ارتشفها he kissed her and sucked in her saliva; from رشف [i. e. رَشَفٌ] meaning “ saliva: ” and ↓ ترشّف signifies he sucked in much: (Har p. 231:) or i. q. تَمَصَّصَ. (O.) It is said in a prov., الرَّشْفُ أَنْقَعُ, i. e. The sucking in (↓ ترشّف) of water by little and little is most effectual to quench thirst. (S, O, K.) 2 رَشَّفَ see above.4 أَرْشَفَ see above.5 تَرَشَّفَ see 1, in three places.8 إِرْتَشَفَ see 1, in two places.

رَشَفٌ A small quantity of water remaining in a watering-trough, or tank: the surface of the water, which the camels suck in with their mouths. (Lth, O, K.) b2: Saliva. (Har p. 231: but there without the vowel-signs.) رَشُوفٌ Sweet in the mouth; sweet-mouthed; [as though her saliva were sucked in by her lover because of its sweetness;] applied to a woman. (S, O, Msb, K.) b2: Also Dry in the فَرْج; so applied. (IAar, O, K.) b3: And A she-camel that eats with her lip. (As, O, K.) رَشِيفٌ an inf. n., [like رَشْفٌ,] (Lth, O,) The taking of water with the two lips; (Lth, O, K;) exceeding what is termed مَصٌّ. (Lth, O.) مِرْشَفٌ An instrument with which one sucks in water &c. Its pl. مَرَاشِفُ is used in the present day as meaning The lips: thus in the phrase اِمْرَأَةٌ عَذْبَةُ المَرَاشِفِ A woman sweet in the lips; a sweet-lipped woman.] [This art. is wanting in the copies of the L and TA to which I have had access.]

طعم

1 طَعِمَهُ, aor. ـَ inf. n. طَعْمٌ and طَعَامٌ, He ate it; namely, food: (K, * TA:) and طَعِمَ, aor. as above, inf. n. طُعْمٌ, with damm, he tasted [a thing]: (K:) or طَعِمَ, aor. as above, (S, Mgh, * Msb,) inf. n. طُعْمٌ, with damm, (S,) or طَعْمٌ, with fet-h, (Msb,) or both, (Mgh,) and مَطْعَمٌ also is an inf. n. of the same verb, (TA,) signifies he ate, (S, Mgh, Msb, *) a thing, (Mgh,) and [app. also he swallowed, for it is said that] it applies to anything that is swallowed easily or agreeably, even to water: (Msb:) and he tasted (S, Mgh, Msb) a thing; (Mgh, Msb;) as also ↓ تطعّم; (S, Mgh, K;) [i. e.] this latter verb signifies he tasted food in order that he might know its flavour; and so ↓ استطعم: (Msb:) and طَعِمَ as meaning he tasted may be used in relation to that which is eaten and to that which is drunk. (L.) Hence, in the Kur [xxxiii. 53], فَإِذَا طَعِمْتُمْ فَانْتَشِرُوا And when ye shall have eaten [disperse yourselves]. (S, * TA.) And you say, فُلَانٌ قَلَّ طُعْمُهُ, meaning [Such a one,] his eating [was, or became, little]. (S.) The saying in the Kur [ii. 250], وَمَنْ لَمْ يَطْعَمْهُ فَإِنَّهُ مِنِّى means But whoso does not taste it, (S, Msb, * TA,) he is of my followers, (Bd, Jel,) or is at one, or in union, with me: (Bd:) or, accord. to Zj, the meaning is, بِهِ ↓ لَمْ يَتَطَعَّمْ [app. meaning does not refresh himself with it as though with food]: (TA:) or, as some say, the passage in which it occurs denotes a prohibition to take aught save as much as is laded out with the hand; and when water has with it something that is chewed, one says of it يُطْعَمُ. (Er-Rághib, TA.) تَطْعَمْ ↓ تَطَعَّمْ i. e. Taste thou, (S, Mgh, K,) then thou wilt have desire, or appetence, (Mgh,) or so that thou mayest have desire, or appetence, and mayest eat; (S, K;) or taste thou the food, for it will induce thee to eat it; (IB, TA;) is a prov., (IB, Mgh, TA,) said to him who refrains from an affair; meaning, commence it, for thy doing so will invite thee to finish it. (IB, TA.) b2: الطَّعْمُ signifies also The eating with the central incisors: one says, إِنَّهُ لَيَطْعَمُ طَعْمًا حَسَنًا [Verily he eats well with the central incisors]. (TA.) b3: مَا يَطْعَمُ آكِلُ هٰذَا الطَّعَامِ, (K, * TA,) a phrase mentioned by ISh, (TA,) means (tropical:) The eater of this food does not become satisfied in stomach. (K, * TA.) b4: طَعِمَ said of a branch, or shoot, (tropical:) It received ingraftment. (ISh, K, TA.) b5: and [hence, perhaps,] طَعِمَتْ عَيْنُهُ (assumed tropical:) [His eye had a mote cast into it: see 4]. (TA.) b6: طَعِمَ عَلَيْهِ, (K, TA,) inf. n. طُعْمٌ, (K, * TA,) which, in the K, is improperly disjoined from its verb, [as though it were a simple subst.,] (TA,) i. q. قَدَرَ [i. e. He had power over him, or it; or he had power, or ability, to do it, &c.]. (K, TA.) 2 طَعَّمَ see 4, in three places. b2: طعّم, (K, TA,) inf. n. تَطْعِيمٌ, (TA,) said of a bone, means (assumed tropical:) It had, or contained, marrow. (K, TA.) [Used in this sense, it may be regarded as a trans. v. of which the objective complement is understood; as though signifying It fed.]3 طَاعَمْتُهُ I ate with him. (TA.) b2: and [hence] طَاعَمَا, said of two pigeons, (tropical:) They billed; the male bird inserting his mouth [or bill] into that of his female; as also ↓ تَطَاعَمَا. (K, TA.) 4 اطعمهُ, (Msb, K,) or اطعمهُ الطَّعَامَ, (S,) [inf. n. إِطْعَامٌ,] He fed him; or gave him to eat, or gave him food; (Msb, K;) [and so, accord. to modern usage, ↓ طعّمهُ.] b2: And [hence] اطعمهُ signifies also (tropical:) He supplied him with the means of subsistence: whence, in the Kur [li. 57], وَمَا أُرِيدُ

أَنْ يَطْعِمُونِ i. e. (tropical:) And I desire not that [they, meaning] any of my servants should supply me with the means of subsistence; for I am the supplier of the means of subsistence. (TA.) b3: And أَطْعَمْتُكَ هٰذِهِ الأَرْضَ (assumed tropical:) I have assigned to thee as a طُعْمَة [q. v.] this land. (TA.) It is said of the Prophet, أَطْعَمَهُمْ طُعْمَةً (assumed tropical:) [He assigned to them, or gave them, a طعمة]: accord. to Aboo-Haneefeh, الإِطْعَامُ signifies peculiarly (assumed tropical:) the lending of land for cultivation: but it is said on the authority of Mo'áwiyeh, إِنَّهُ أَطْعَمَ عَمْرًا خَرَاجَ مِصْرَ, meaning (assumed tropical:) that he gave 'Amr as a طُعْمَة the خراج [or land-tax] of Egypt. (Mgh.) b4: See also 10. b5: اطعم الغُصْنَ, (ISh, K,) inf. n. إِطْعَامٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) He ingrafted upon the branch, or shoot, a branch, or shoot, of another tree; (ISh, K, TA;) as also ↓ طعّمهُ, [which is more commonly used in this sense,] (K,) inf. n. تَطْعِيمٌ. (TA.) [And ↓ طعّمهُ is now used as meaning also (assumed tropical:) He inoculated him.] b6: And أَطْعَمْتُ عَيْنَهُ قَذًى (assumed tropical:) [I cast a mote into his eye]. (TA.) [b7: See also a verse cited voce عِقْبَةٌ.] b8: اطعم النَّخْلُ (tropical:) The palm-trees had ripe fruit, (S, K, TA,) such as might be eaten: or bore fruit: (TA:) or اطعمت الشَّجَرَةُ the tree had ripe fruit: (Msb:) or اطعمت الثَّيَرَةُ the fruit became ripe. (Mgh.) 5 تَطَعَّمَ see 1, in three places: and see also an ex. voce ضَارٍ, in art. ضرو and ضرى.6 تطاعيوا They (a party on a journey) ate with, or at the tent of, [meaning, of the food of,] this man on one occasion of alighting, and another man on another occasion of alighting; each one of them having his turn to supply the food of one day: like تناوبوا and تنازلوا. (ISh, TA in art. نوب.) b2: See also 3. b3: [Hence,] one says of two persons in conformity, تَطَاعَمَا, meaning (assumed tropical:) They acted as do the two [billing] pigeons. (TA.) 8 اطّعم البُسْرُ, (K,) or اطّعمت البُسْرَةُ, (S,) (assumed tropical:) The ripening dates, or the ripening date, acquired flavour, (S, K, TA,) and became ripe, so as to be eaten. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] one says, هُوَ رَجُلٌ لَا يَطَّعِمُ (tropical:) He is a man who will not become well disciplined, in whom that which should improve him will not produce an effect, (K, * TA,) and who will not become intelligent. (TA.) 10 استطعمهُ He asked him to feed him. (S, Mgh, Msb.) b2: [Hence,] اِسْتَطْعَمَتُهُ الحَدِيثَ (assumed tropical:) I asked him to relate to me the narrative, or tradition: or to make me to taste the savour of his discourse. (TA.) b3: And إِذَا اسْتَطْعَمَكُمُ الإِمَامُ

↓ فَأَطْعِمُوهُ (tropical:) When the امام [or leader in prayer] desires you to tell him what he should say, (S, Mgh, K, TA,) being unable to proceed (Mgh, TA) in reciting the prayer, (TA,) do ye tell him what he should say, (S, Mgh, K, TA,) and prompt him, as though putting the recitation into his mouth like as food is put in: (TA:) a saying of 'Alee. (K.) b4: And اِسْتَطْعَمْتُ الفَرَسَ (assumed tropical:) I desired the horse's running. (TA.) b5: See also 1, first sentence.

طَعْمٌ [as an inf. n.: see 1. b2: As a simple subst.,] Taste, flavour, or savour; (S, Msb, TA;) sweetness, and bitterness, and a quality [of any kind] between these two, in food and in beverage: pl. طُعُومٌ. (K.) One says, طَعْمُهُ مُرٌّ [Its taste is bitter], (S, TA,) and حُلْوٌ [sweet], (Msb, TA,) and حَامِضٌ [acid]: and تَغَيَّرَ طَعْمُهُ Its taste became altered from its natural quality. (Msb.) b3: And [Relish, i. e.] a desired quality of food. (S, Msb, K.) One says, لَيْسَ لَهُ طَعْمٌ [It has no relish]: (S:) and لَيْسَ لِلْغَثِّ [What is lean has no relish]: and ↓ طَعَمٌ signifies the same in the dial. of Kiláb. (Msb.) b4: [Hence, (assumed tropical:) An approvable quality in a man.] One says رَجُلٌ ذُو طَعْمٌ (assumed tropical:) A man possessing intelligence, and prudence, or discretion: and مَا بِفُلَانٍ طَعْمٌ وَلَا نَوِيصٌ (assumed tropical:) There is not in such a one intelligence nor activity: and لَيْسَ لِمَا يَفْعَلُ فُلَانٌ طَعْمٌ (assumed tropical:) There appertains not to what such a one does any pleasing quality, nor any place of honour in the heart, or mind: and it is said in a trad., مَا قَتَلْنَا أَحَدًا بِهِ طَعْمٌ مَا قَتَلْنَا إِلَّا عَجَائِزَ صُلْعًا (assumed tropical:) We slew not any one of account, any known person, or any one of rank, or station; [we slew not any but bald-headed old women;] and one may also say in this case ↓ طُعْمٌ, with damm. (TA.) b5: Also A thing that is swallowed easily or agreeably, whether solid, as grains [&c.], or liquid, as expressed juice and oil and vinegar [&c.]; differing from طُعْمٌ, which does not apply to liquids. (Msb.) طُعْمٌ [as an inf. n.: see 1: b2: ] as a subst.: see طَعَامٌ. b3: Also Grain that is thrown to birds. (T, Msb, TA.) And A bait that is thrown to fish. (TA.) b4: طَعَامُ طُعْمٍ means Food that satisfies the stomach of its eater: (ISh, K, TA:) and is said by MF to be for طَعَامُ شَىْءٍ طُعْمٍ. (TA.) The Prophet said of the well Zemzem, إِنَّهَا طَعَامُ طُعْمٍ, meaning Verily it is a satisfier of the stomach of man, (ISh, Msb, TA,) like as is food. (TA.) b5: See also طَعْمٌ.

طَعَمٌ; see طَعْمٌ.

طَعِمٌ: see طَاعِمٌ.

طُعْمَةٌ i. q. مَأْكَلَةٌ, (S, Msb, K, TA,) or رِزْقٌ; (Mgh;) i. e. (assumed tropical:) An assigned, or appointed, means of subsistence; such as a grant of a tract of land; [an allodium so granted;] and a tax, or a portion of a tax or of taxes; and the like: (Mgh, TA:) pl. طُعَمٌ. (Mgh, K.) One says, جَعَلْتُ هٰذِهِ الضَّيْعَةَ طُعْمَةً لِفُلَانٍ (assumed tropical:) [I have assigned this estate as a means of subsistence to such a one]. (S.) [For other exs., see 4.] And it is said in a trad. respecting the inheritance of the grandfather, إِنَّ السُّدْسَ الآخَرَ طُعْمَةٌ لَهُ i. e. (assumed tropical:) The other sixth is a surplus for him beyond his [regular] due. (TA.) b2: Also An invitation to food. (K.) b3: And (tropical:) A mode, or manner, of gain; (S, K, Ta;) as also ↓ طِعْمَةٌ: (TA:) it is like حِرْفَةٌ. (A, TA.) One says, فُلَانٌ عَفِيفُ الطُّعْمَةِ (tropical:) [Such a one is uncorrupt in respect of the mode of gain]: and خَبِيثُ الطُّعْمَةِ i. e. corrupt in respect of the means of gain. (S, TA.) طِعْمَةٌ A way, mode, or manner, of eating: (K, TA:) Lh explains it as meaning a way, mode, or manner, of acting or conduct, without saying in eating or in any other thing. (TA.) One says, فُلَانٌ حَسَنُ الطِّعْمَةِ وَالشِّرْبَةِ [Such a one is good, or comely, in respect of the way, mode, or manner, of eating and of drinking]. (A 'Obeyd, S, TA.) And فُلَانٌ طَيِّبُ الطِّعْمَةِ (tropical:) [Such a one is accustomed to eat nothing but what is lawful], and خَبِيثُ الطِّعْمَةِ accustomed to eat nothing but what is unlawful. (TA.) See also طُعْمَةٌ.

طَعَامٌ [as an inf. n.: see 1. b2: As a subst.,] Food, (S, Nh, Mgh, Msb, K,) of any kind; (Nh, TA;) like as شَرَابٌ signifies beverage [of any kind]: (Mgh, Msb:) and especially wheat, (S, Nh, Mgh, Msb, K,) to which it is applied by the people of El-Hijáz; (Msb, TA;) and barley; (Nh, TA;) [and corn in general; thus applied to millet in the present day in some parts of Arabia, as, for instance, in El-Yemen; (see مِيرَةٌ;)] and dates, (Nh, Mgh, TA,) when said not to mean wheat; (Mgh, TA;) &c.: (Nh, TA:) and in the Expos. of the “ Shifè,” it is said to be applied to (tropical:) other than food tropically: (TA:) and ↓ طُعْمٌ signifies the same; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) as also ↓ مَطْعَمٌ; (Ham p. 166, and K; *) of which the pl. is مَطَاعِمُ: (Ham ubi suprà:) one says, هُوَ يَحْتَكِرُ المَطَاعِمَ, meaning [He collects and withholds] wheat [waiting for a time of scarcity and dearness]: (A, TA:) the pl. of طَعَامٌ is أَطْعِمَةٌ, (Mgh, Msb, K,) and pl. pl. أَطْعِمَاتٌ. (K.) [It often means A meal, or repast.] طَعَامُ البَحْرِ means That from which the water [of the sea, or of the great river,] has receded, leaving it, so that it is taken without fishing: or, as some say, anything that is irrigated by the water of the بحر [i. e. great river], and consequently vegetates: so says Zj. (TA. [See the Kur v. 97.]) طَعُومٌ and ↓ طَعِيمٌ, applied to a slaughtered camel or she-camel, (assumed tropical:) Such as is between the lean and the fat: (Fr, S, K:) or the former, so applied, signifies fat: and each, applied to a sheep or goat (شاة), having somewhat of fat: (TA:) and the former, as also ↓ مُطَعِّمٌ and ↓ مُطَّعِمٌ [in the CK مُطَّعَمٌ], signifies (tropical:) thus, applied to a he-camel and to a she-camel, (K, * TA,) as also ↓ طَعِيمٌ: or a she-camel having in her a little marrow: or in the flesh of which is found the flavour of fat, by reason of her fatness. (TA.) Accord. to Aboo-Sa'eed, one says, لَكَ غَثُّ هٰذَا وَطَعُومُهُ i. e. (assumed tropical:) [Thine is, or shall be, the lean of this] and the fat thereof. (TA.) And مُخٌّ طَعُومٌ means (assumed tropical:) Marrow in which is found the flavour of fatness. (TA.) طَعِيمٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places. b2: Also, applied to water, i. q. شَرُوبٌ [q. v.]. (TA in art. شرب.) طَعُومَةٌ A sheep, or goat (شاة) that is confined to be eaten. (K.) طَعَامِىٌّ A seller of طَعَام [app. as meaning wheat, or corn]. (TA.) طَاعِمٌ Eating: and tasting. (S.) b2: And (tropical:) A man having a good state, or condition, in respect of food; as also ↓ طَعِمٌ; (K, TA;) [each] a possessive epithet in this sense; on the authority of Sb. (TA.) b3: أَنَا طَاعِمٌ عَنْ طَعَامِكُمْ, thus in the A and K, but in the L غَيْرَ طعامكم, (TA,) means (tropical:) I am in no need of your food. (K, TA.) مَطْعَمٌ [as an inf. n.: see 1. b2: As a subst.,] A place of eating: (Har p. 345:) [and a time thereof:] syn. مَأْكَلٌ. (TA.) b3: See also طَعَامٌ. b4: And see also مُسْتَطْعَمٌ.

مُطْعَمٌ [Fed. b2: And hence,] (tropical:) Supplied with the means of subsistence. (S, K, TA.) b3: [Hence,] one says, إِنَّكَ مُطْعَمٌ مَوَدَّتِى, meaning مَرْزُوقٌ مَوَدَّتِى

[i. e. (tropical:) Verily thou art gifted with my love, or affection]. (TA.) مِطْعَمٌ That eats vehemently: (S, K:) fem. with ة: (K:) the former applied to a man; (S, TA;) and the latter, to a woman, and extr., [said to be] the only instance of the kind except مِصَكَّةٌ. (TA.) مُطْعَمَةٌ or مطْعَمَةٌ: see the next paragraph, each in two places.

مُطْعِمَةٌ, (S, K,) like مُحْسِنَةٌ, (K,) [i. e.] with kesr to the ع, accord. to IAar, (S,) and like مُكْرَمَةٌ, (K, [i. e. ↓ مُطْعَمَةٌ, but I think it most probable that it is correctly ↓ مِطْعَمَةٌ, like مِكْسَحَةٌ

&c., as being the name of an instrument, agreeably with a remark respecting it in what follows,]) (tropical:) A bow: (S, K, TA:) called by the former appellation because it feeds its owner with the game: (IAar, S, TA:) and by the latter appellation because one takes the game by means of it, and often shoots with it. (TA.) b2: And المُطْعِمَةُ, (K, TA,) or, as written by Z, with fet-h, [i. e. ↓ المُطْعَمَةُ, or, as I think more probable, ↓ المِطْعَمَةُ,] (tropical:) The غَلْصَمَة [or epiglottis; because it is said to throw the meat and drink into the gullet]. (K, TA.) And (tropical:) [The place thereof; i. e.] the حَلْق [or fauces; or upper part of the throat]: so in the saying, أَخَذَ فُلَانٌ بِمطعمة فُلَانٍ i. e. (tropical:) Such a one seized the حَلْق of such a one, squeezing it; said only in a case of throttling and fighting. (Az, TA.) b3: And المُطْعِمَتَانٍ (tropical:) The two corresponding anterior toes of a bird; (S, K, TA;) i. e. the two talons with which the bird seizes the flesh-meat. (TA.) مُطَعِّمٌ: see طَعُومٌ. b2: Also (assumed tropical:) Milk that has acquired in the skin a flavour and a pleasant odour: (AHát, K, TA:) and ↓ مُطَّعِمٌ signifies [the same, or] milk that has acquired the flavour of the skin. (TA.) مُطَّعِمٌ: see طَعُومٌ: b2: and see also مُطَعِّمٌ.

مِطْعَامٌ One who feeds others much, (S,) or who has many guests, (K,) and who entertains guests much; (S, K;) applied to a man, (S, TA,) and to a woman: (TA:) [and app. one who eats much: for] قَوْمٌ مَطَاعِيمُ signifies a people, or party, that eat much: or that feed others much. (TA.) مُطَاعَمُ الخَلْقِ i. q. مُتَابَعُ الخَلْقِ [app. (assumed tropical:) Sound, or free from defect, in make]. (TA.) مُسْتَطْعَمٌ The lips of the horse: (S, K, TA:) As says that thinness of the مستطعم of the horse is approved: (S, TA:) but some say that it is the part beneath the مَرْسِن [or place of the halter] of the horse, extending to the extremities of his lips: and مطعم [thus in my original, app. ↓ مَطْعَمٌ, as being the “ place of eating,”] signifies the same. (TA.)