قوم

1 قَامَ He stood still (Ksh and Bd in ii. 19) in his place. (Ksh.) b2: قَامَتِ الدَّابَّةُ The beast stopped (S, K, TA) from journeying, (TA,) from fatigue, or being jaded; (S, TA;) i. q. انقطعت. (A.) And قَامَتْ عَلَيْهِ الدَّابَّةُ His beast, being jaded, stopped with him, and moved not from its place. (Mgh.) b3: قَامَ He, or it, stood up, or erect; syn. اِنْتَصَبَ. (K.) and hence, He rose, i. e. from sitting or reclining. b4: قَامَ بِاللَّيْلِ He rose in the night to pray. b5: قَامَ رَمَضَانَ He passed the nights of Ramadán in prayer: (El-'Alkarnee in a marginal note in a copy of the Jámi' es-Sagheer, voce مَنْ:) or he performed the prayers [of Ramadán] called التَّرَاوِيح. (En-Nawawee, ibid.) b6: قَامَتِ الصَّلَاةُ The people rose to prayer: or the time of their doing so came. (TA.) b7: قَامَتِ السَّاعَةُ The resurrection, or the time thereof, came to pass. b8: قَامَتِ الشَّمْسُ وَكَادَ الظِّلُّ يَعْقِلُ [The sun became high, and the shade almost disappeared, at midday]. (JK.) b9: قَامَ عَلَيْهِ He rose up against him: see a verse cited voce حُوبٌ. b10: قَامَ بِالأَمْرِ He undertook the affair; took, or imposed, it upon himself; syn. تَكَفَّلَ بِهِ; and the epithet is قَائِمٌ and قَيِّمٌ: (Ham, p. 5:) [and] he managed, conducted, ordered, regulated, or superintended, the affair; syn. سَاسَهُ; (TA in art. سوس;) and قام عَلَيْهِ has this latter signification; and he tended, or took care of, it, or him; syn. سَاسَهُ and وَلِيَهُ: (Ham ubi supra:) [and] the former signifies he attended to the affair; [occupied himself with it]; (this should be the first explanation;) was mindful of it; kept to it constantly, or steadily; and is contr. of قَعَدَ عَنْهُ and تَقَاعَدَ: (JM, q. v.:) [or,] as contr. of قعد عنه and تقاعد, he acted vigorously in the affair; as also ↓ أَقَامَهُ; syn. جَدَّ فِيهِ, and تَجَلَّدَ. (Bd in ii. 2.) b11: You say, قَامَ بِشَأْنِهِ He undertook, or superintended, or managed, his affair, or affairs. And you say, قَامَ بِاليَتِيمِ, (Msb in art. عول,) and بِالصَّبِىِّ, (Idem, art. كفل,) He maintained the orphan, and the child; syn. عَالَهُ, and كَفَلَهُ: (Idem:) and قَامَ المَرْأَةَ, and عَلَيْهَا, He undertook the maintenance of the woman; or he maintained her; (مَانَهَا [i. e. قَامَ بِكِفَايَتِهَا (S and K in art. مون)];) and undertook, or managed, her affair, or affairs. (K.) and الرِّجَالُ يَقُومُونَ عَلَى النِّسَآءِ The men govern the women: (Bd, iv. 38:) or are mindful of them, and act well to them, or take care of them. (TA.) b12: قامَ بِعُذْرِى [He undertook, and it served, to excuse me]. (Msb and TA in art. عذر; &c.) b13: قَامَ بِهِ He, or it, was supported, or sustained, by it; subsisted by it: see the explanation of قَِوَامٌ in the Msb. b14: قَامَ عَلَيْهِ كَذَا It cost him such a thing, such a sum, or so much. b15: قَامَ often signifies ثَبَتَ: so in قَامَ فِى نَفْسِهِ أَنَّهُ كَذَا It was, or became, established in his mind that it was so. b16: قَامَ بِهِ قِيَامًا تَامًّا He managed it perfectly. b17: قَامَ يَفْعَلُ كَذَا He began to do such a thing; he betook himself to doing such a thing. (Zj, in TA, art. قدم.) b18: قَامَ المَآءُ (assumed tropical:) The water congealed, or froze; syn. جَمَدَ. (S, M, voce جَمَدَ.) b19: قَامَتْ عَيْنُهُ: see عَيْنٌ قَائِمَةٌ. b20: قَامَ قَائِمُ الظَّهِيرَةِ: see ظَهِيرَة: there expl. from JK. b21: قَامَ وَقَعَدَ: see قَعَدَ; and أَقْعَدَهُ; and see an ex. voce سُدَّةٌ. b22: قَامَ has also for an inf. n. مَقَامٌ, agreeably with a general rule: see Bd in x. 72, &c.; and see مَرَامٌ in art. روم.2 قَوَّمَهُ He made it straight, or even; namely, a crooked thing; as also ↓ أَقَامَهُ: (TK:) and made it right, or in a right condition; direct, or rightly directed. b2: قَوَّمَهُ بِكَذَا He valued it, or rated it, as equal to, or worth, such a thing. A phrase well known, and used in the present day. b3: قَوَّمَهُ He set its price; assigned it its price; valued it; (S, * Msb, K;) as also ↓ اِسْتَقَامَهُ. (Msb, K.) b4: ↓ قَوَّمْتُهُ فَتَقَوَّمَ i. q. عَدَّلْتُهُ فَتَعَدَّلَ. (Msb.) b5: قَوَّمَ He made a writing, and an account, or a reckoning, accurate, or exact, or right.3 قَاوَمَهُ [He rose against him, and withstood him, or opposed him, in contention;] namely, his adversary. (Mgh in art. نهض.) b2: It was equal, or equivalent, to it. (Msb.) b3: قَاوَمَهُ فِى الحَرْبِ He opposed him, or contended with him for equality, in war, or battle. (MA.) b4: قَاوَمَهُ فِى حَاجَةٍ He rose, or stood, with him [or assisted him] to accomplish some needful affair. (IAth, TA.) b5: قَاوَمَهُ It was equal, or equivalent, to it: see Msb: syn. عَادَلَهُ, q. v. (TA in art. بوأ.) b6: يُقَاوِمُ السُّمُوم [It counteracts poisons]. (TA, art. بلس.) 4 أَقَامَ He set up, put up, set upright, a thing. (Msb.) b2: أَقَامَهُ, said of food, [It sustained him, supported him]. (Msb.) b3: أَقَامَ عَلَى خَطَرٍ He stood to a bet, wager, or stake. (TA, voce نَدِبٌ.) b4: أَقَامَ عَلَيْهِ الحَّدَ He inflicted upon him the punishment termed حَدٌّ. (Mgh, art. حد.) b5: أَقَامَ دَرْأَهُ: see درأ. b6: أَقَامَ لِلصَّلَاةِ, inf. n. إِقَامَةٌ, He (the مُبَلِّغ) recited the form of words called إِقَامَة, q. v. infra. b7: أَقَامَ He remained, continued, stayed, tarried, resided, dwelt, or abode, in a place: he remained stationary. b8: أَقَامَ الصَّلَاةَ, He observed prayer: or أَدَامَ فِعْلَهَا. (S, Msb.) See also Bd, and Jel ii. 2. b9: أَقَامَ فِعْلًا He performed an action. b10: See 1. b11: أَقَامَهُ عَلَى الطَّرِيقِ He made him to keep to the road: and للقَصْدِ, to the right way. (L, art. لغد.) b12: See 10. b13: أَقَاَمَ الأَمْرَ He put the affair into a right state; like نَظَمَهُ: see the latter in the Msb. b14: أَقَامَهُ (K in art. عدل) He made it to be conformable with that which is right; namely, a judgment, a judicial decision. (TK in that art.) b15: See 2. b16: أَقَامَ بِهِ in the Hamáseh, p. 75, 1. 9, app. signifies He stood in his stead. b17: أَقَامَ He observed, or duly performed, a religious, or moral, ordinance or duty. b18: أَقَامَ البَيِّنَةَ [He established the evidence or proof; and so اقام بِهَا? the ب being redundant]. (Bd, iii. 68.) And [in like manner,] اقام حُجَّتَهُ i. q.

أَثْبَتَهَا; (TA in art. ثبت;) and so, app., بِحُجَّتِهِ; the ب being redundant, as in an ex. voce خُطَّةٌ; but this is the only ex. that I know, and it is without explanation: Golius mentions the phrase أَقَامَ بِى عَلَيْكُمْ; but without indicating his authority. b19: أَقَامَ عَلَى حَالٍ He abode, or continued, in a state, or condition; and اقام على أَمْرٍ the same; and he abode, continued, stayed, or waited, intent upon, or occupied in, an affair, a business, or a concern; he kept to it.5 تَقَوَّمَ It subsisted: see رُكْنٌ. b2: تَقَوَّمَ It had a price; was valued. b3: See 2.6 تَقَاوَمُوهُ فِيمَا بَيْنَهُمْ They valued it, or estimated its price, among them. (TA.) 10 اِسْتَقَامَ It became right; direct; in a right state; straight: even: tended towards the right, or desired, point, or object; had a right direction, or tendency; was regular. b2: اِسْتَقَامَ عَلَى طَرِيقِ الحَقِّ (K, art. رشد) He continued in the way of truth, or the right way; as also أَقَامَ ↓ عَلَيْهِ b4: لَمْ يَسْتَقِمِ الأَمْرُ The affair was, or became, difficult: see تَعَذَّرَ. b5: استقام لَهُ الأَمْرُ The affair, or case, became in a right state for him; syn. اِعْتَدَلَ. (S.) b6: اِسْتَقَامَ He, or it, was, or became, right, direct, rightly directed, undeviating, straight, or even: and he, or it, stood right, or straight, or erect. (MA, KL.) He went right on, straight on, or undeviatingly: (see زَعَبَ:) whence اِسْتَقَامَ عَلَى الطَّرِيقَةِ he went on undeviatingly in the way. (See Kur lxxii. 16.) He went right; pursued a right course; acted rightly, or justly. See also سَدَّ, with which it is syn. It (an affair) was direct in its tendency, or had a right tendency. It (discourse, &c.) had a right tenour. b7: See 2.

قَوْمٌ [A people, or body of persons composing a community: and people, or persons:] a company, or body, [or party, (see what follows,)] of men, [properly] without women: (S, Msb, K, &c.:) or of men and women together; (K;) for the قوم of every man is his party, and his kinsfolk, or tribe: (TA:) or (K) sometimes including women, as followers; (S, Msb, K;) for the قوم of every prophet is of men and women. (S, Msb.) b2: قَوْمٌ opposed to نِسَآءٌ: see a verse cited voce سَوْفَ.

قَامَةٌ The stature of a man; his height in a standing posture; it is a span (شِبْر) shorter than a باع: (JK:) tallness, height; and beauty, or justness, of stature. (K.) b2: قَامَةٌ A structure [or post] like the figure of a man, raised at the side of a well, whereon is placed the wood to which the pulley is attached: pl. قَامٌ: (JK:) also called ↓ قَائِمَةٌ: see K, voce عَمُود: or قَامَةُ البَكْرَةٌ signifies the sheave (بَكْرَة) with its apparatus. (S, K.) دِينٌ قِيَمٌ A right religion. (Kur, vi. 162.) See دِرَّةٌ.

الرِّيَاحُ القُوَّمُ The right [or cardinal] winds. (S, voce نَكْبَاءُ.) الدِّينُ القَيِّمُ (Kur ix. 36) The right, correct, or true, reckoning. (T in art. دين.) b2: قَيِّمُ الأَمْرِ i. q. ↓ مُقِيمُهُ and سَائِسُهُ: fem. قَيِّمَةٌ. (TA.) b3: قَيِّمٌ بِالأَمْرِ A manager of an affair; i. q. إِزَاؤُهُ. (S, Msb, art. ازى.) See قَامَ بِالأَمْرِ. b4: قَيِّمٌ A manager, conductor, orderer, regulator, or superintendent, of an affair: (TA:) a manager, conductor, &c., of the affairs of a people. (JK.) قَيِّمٌ عَلَى المَالِ A good [manager and] tender of camels, &c. (TA in art. بلو.) قِيمَةٌ The real value, or worth, of a thing; its equivalent; differing from ثَمَنٌ, q. v. (MF in art. ثمن.) قَوَامٌ Stature, and goodly stature, or tallness, of a man: (S:) symmetry, or justness of proportion. (Msb.) b2: قِوَامُ الأَمْرِ and قِيَامُهُ and قَوَامُهُ The stay, or support, of the thing, or affair, whereby it subsists, and is managed and ordered. (Msb.) And قِوَامٌ The food that is a man's support; (Msb;) [his subsistence.] b3: قِوَامٌ [The main stay of a thing.] b4: لَا قِوَامَ لَهُ بِهِ [He has not power to withstand him. (K, art. نجز.) قِوَامٌ Subsistence: see رُكْنٌ and طَبَعٌ.

قِيَامٌ [A state of purging, or flux of the belly: used in this sense in the S, K, voce هَيْضَةٌ].

قَوِيمٌ : see صَوِيبٌ.

القَيُّومُ : see يَا قَيُّومُ in the last paragraph of art. شره, where I have rendered it on the authority of an explanation in the TA.

قَوَّامٌ One who rises much, or often, in the night to pray. (TA.) See صَوَّامٌ.

قُومِيَّةٌ is written with damm in copies of the S, K, JK: in the CK, erroneously, قَوْمِيَّةٌ, in both senses. See voce مُتَشَمِّسٌ.

قَائِمٌ Appearing; conspicuous; [as though standing before one]: said of a thing whether standing or thrown down. (TA, in explanation of the phrase هٰذَا نُصْبُ عَيْنِى, art. نصب.) b2: قَائِمَةٌ, pl. قَوَائِمُ, Leg of a horse, &c. b3: عَيْنٌ قَائِمَةٌ An eye [blind, or white and blind, but still whole or] that has become white and blind, but not yet burst, (Az in L, art. سد,) or sightless, but with the black still remaining. (Mgh, Msb.) b4: قَائِمٌ and قَائِمَةٌ The hilt of a sword. (Msb.) b5: قَائِمَةٌ A leg of a table, and of a throne, or moveable seat, &c. (JK.) See also قَامَةٌ; and see إِسْنَادٌ. b6: قَوَمَةُ بَيْتِ النَّارِ (K, art. هربذ.) The servants of the fire-temple. (TA, same art.) b7: القَوَائِمُ The winds. So in a verse of Umeiyeh Ibn-Abi-s-Salt. (TA, voce سَدِرٌ.) b8: قَوَائِمُ المَائِدَةِ [The legs of the table]. (K, art. عقر.) b9: قَطٌّ قَائِمٌ A nibbing in which the pith and the exterior of the reed are made of equal length: opposed to مُصَوَّبٌ. (TA in art. حرف.) b10: مَآءٌ قَائِمٌ Frozen water. And stagnant water: see حِبَاك.

إِقَامَةٌ The form of words chanted by the مُبَلِّغ, not by the مُؤَذِّن, consisting of the common words of the أَذَان, with the addition of قَدْ قَامَتِ الصَّلَاةُ (The time of prayer has come!) pronounced twice after حَىَّ عَلَى الفَلَاحِ. See ثَوَّبَ.

مَقَامٌ The place of the feet; (K;) a standingplace; (S, Msb;) as also ↓ مُقَامٌ: (S:) or the latter, a place of stationing: (Msb:) and both, a place of continuance, stay, residence, or abode: (K:) [a standing:] and the latter, a place of long continuance, stay, residence, or abode: (Expos. of the Mo'allakát, Calc., p. 138:) and both, continuance, stay, residence, or abode. (S, K.) مُقَامٌ : see مَقَامٌ.

مُقِيمٌ Lasting; continuing: (Bd, ix. 21:) unceasing. (Bd, ix. 69.) b2: أَخَذَهُ المُقِيمُ المُقْعِدُ: see art. قعد. b3: See قَيِّمٌ.

مَقَامَةٌ A standing-place. Hence, (assumed tropical:) A sittingplace. Hence, (assumed tropical:) The persons sitting there. Hence, (assumed tropical:) An oration, or a discourse, or an exhortation, (خُطْبَة او عِظَة,) or the like, there delivered; as also مَجْلِسٌ. (Mtr, in De Sacy's ed. of El-Hareeree, p. 5.) حَجَرٌ مُتَقَوِّمٌ (K, art. موس) A precious stone. (TA, same art.) المِعَى المُسْتَقِيمُ The rectum.

تَقْوِيمَاتٌ [pl. of تَقْوِيمٌ] Stellar calculations. (TA, voce اِيجٌ.)

رعب

1 رَعَبَ, aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) inf. n. رُعْبٌ (K, TA) and رُعُبٌ, or the latter of these is a simple subst., (TA,) or each of them is a simple subst., (Msb, TA,) and the inf. n. is رَعْبٌ; (Msb;) and رَعُبَ; and رُعِبَ, like عُنِىَ; both mentioned by 'Iyád and Ibn-Kurkool, and the last by ISk also; (TA;) and ↓ ارتعب; (K;) He feared; he was afraid or frightened or terrified: (Msb, K, TA:) or his bosom and heart were filled with fear: or he feared in the utmost degree; was in a state of the utmost terror. (TA.) b2: رَعَبَ said of a valley, [like زَعَبَ,] aor. ـَ (assumed tropical:) It became filled with water. (L.) b3: رَعَبَتِ الحَمَامَةٌ, aor. ـَ and ↓ رعّبت, (K,) inf. n. تَرْعِيبٌ; (A, TA;) (tropical:) The pigeon raised, and poured forth loudly, or vehemently, its cooing cry. (A, * K, TA.) You say ↓ حَمَامٌ لَهُ تَرْعِيبٌ (tropical:) Pigeons, or a pigeon, having a loud, or vehement, cooing. (A.) b4: And رَعَبَ, aor. ـَ [inf. n. رَعْبٌ,] (assumed tropical:) He composed, or uttered, rhyming prose. (K.) A2: رَعَبَهُ, (S, A, Msb, K,) aor. ـْ (A, K,) inf. n. رَعْبٌ (A, MA) and رعّيهُ, (MA,) He caused him, or made him, to fear, or be afraid; frightened, or terrified, him: (S, A, Msb, K:) or he filled his bosom and heart with fear: or he put him in the utmost fear, or terror: (TA:) and ↓ تَرْعِيبٌ signifies the same, (Lb, K,) inf. n. تَرْعَابٌ and ارعبهُ; (K;) and so does ↓ رَعَبَ, accord. to Ibn-Talhah El-Ishbeelee, and Ibn-Hishám El-Lakhmee, and Fei in the Msb; but this is disallowed by IAar and Th and J. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] رَعْبٌ, aor. ـَ [inf. n. رَعْبٌ,] signifies also He threatened. (K, * TA.) b3: Also, aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. رَعْبٌ, (TA,) He charmed, or fascinated, by magical enchantment [or by the eye] or otherwise. (K, * TA.) b4: Also, [like زَعَبَ,] (S, A, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. رَعْبٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) He filled (S, A, Msb, K) a watering-trough, or tank, (S, A,) or a vessel: (Msb:) and it (a torrent) filled a valley. (L, TA.) A3: رَعَبَهُ, (K,) aor. ـَ (TA,) also signifies He cut it [into pieces, or long pieces, or slices, (see تِرْعِيبَةٌ, below,)], namely, a camel's hump, or other thing; and so ↓ رعّبهُ, (K, TA,) inf. n. تَرْعِيبٌ. (TA.) b2: And He broke its (an arrow's) رُعْب [q. v.]. (K.) 2 رَعَّبَ as an intrans. v.: see 1, in two places. b2: The inf. n., تَرْعِيبٌ, as relating to a camel's hump, accord. to Sh, signifies Its shaking, or quivering, and being fat and thick; as though it shook, or quivered, by reason of its fatness: but it is otherwise explained [as a subst. properly speaking] below. (TA.) A2: رَعَّبَهُ, inf. n. as above, and, in one sense, تَرْعَابٌ also: see 1, in two places.

A3: Also, inf. n. تَرْعِيبٌ, He repaired its (an arrow's) رُعْب [q. v.]. (K.) 4 أَرْعَبَ see 1.8 إِرْتَعَبَ see 1, first sentence.

رَعْبٌ an inf. n. of 1, in senses pointed out above. (M, A, Msb, TA.) b2: A threat, or threatening. (K.) b3: A charm or charming, or a fascination or fascinating, by magical enchantment [or by the eye] or otherwise. (K.) b4: (assumed tropical:) A rhyming prose of the Arabs. (K.) رُعْبٌ (S, A, Msb, K) and ↓ رُعُبٌ, (A, Msb, K,) both said to be inf. ns., (TA,) or the former is an inf. n. of رَعَبَ as intrans. (K, TA) or as trans., (A, MA,) and the latter is a simple subst., (TA,) or each of them is a simple subst., (Msb, TA,) Fear, fright, or terror: (S, A, Msb, K:) or fear that fills the bosom and heart; as Er-Rághib and Z have indicated, following Aboo-'Alee and IJ: or the utmost fear or terror. (TA.) One says, فَعَلَ ذٰلِكَ رُعْبًا لَا رُغْبًا He did that from fear, not from desire. (A.) A2: Also the former, The socket of the head of an arrow; the part into which the head enters, over which are the twists of sinew; syn. رُعْظٌ: pl. رِعَبَةٌ. (K.) رُعُبٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

رُعْبَبٌ: see رُعْبُوبَةٌ, last sentence.

رُعْبُبٌ: see تِرْعِيبَةٌ.

رُعْبوبٌ: see رَعِيبٌ, in two places: b2: and see also رُعْبُوبَةٌ.

رِعْبِيبٌ: see what next follows.

رُعْبُوبَةٌ (S, A, K) and ↓ رُعْبُوبٌ (K) and ↓ رِعْبِيبٌ (Seer, K) A woman, (S, A,) or a girl, or young woman, (K,) Tall, and well-formed; soft, thinskinned, and plump; (S, * A, K;) or (A, K) white, or fair; (S, A, K;) goodly, or beautiful; sweet; and tender: (A, K:) or only white, or fair: (TA:) or soft, or tender: (IAar, Lh, K:) and the first, tall: (TA:) pl. رَعَابِيبٌ. (A, TA.) b2: Also, (K,) or the first and second, (TA,) applied to a she-camel, Restless, or unsteady; (K, TA;) light, or active, brisk, lively, or sprightly. (TA.) b3: For another meaning of the first, see تِرْعِيبَةٌ. b4: Also the first, The base, or lower part, (أَصْل,) of the طَلْعَة [i. e. either the spathe, or the spadix, of a palm-tree]; and so ↓ رُعْبَبٌ. (K.) رَعِيبٌ Afraid, or frightened, or terrified: (K:) [or filled with fear: or in a state of the utmost fear or terror: (see 1:)] and so ↓ مَرْعُوبٌ, (S, K,) and ↓ مُرَعَّبٌ, and ↓ مُرْتَعِبٌ: (TA:) and ↓ رُعْبُوبٌ signifies [the same; or] weak and cowardly. (S, K.) [Hence,] رَجُلٌ رَعِيبُ العَيْنِ and ↓ مَرْعُوبُهَا and ↓ رُعْبُوبُهَا (tropical:) A cowardly man, who sees nothing without being frightened. (A.) [رَغِيبُ العَيْنِ has a different meaning: see art رغب.] b2: Also Fat, as an epithet; (K;) dripping with grease: (S, K:) and so ↓ مُرَعْبِبٌ. (K.) And applied to a camel's hump as meaning Full and fat. (S.) b3: And Short; as also ↓ أَرْعَبُ: pl. [of the former]

رُعُبٌ and [of the latter] رُعْبٌ. (TA.) رَعَّابٌ: see what next follows.

رَاعِبٌ and ↓ رَعَّابٌ, [but the latter is an intensive epithet, or denotes habit, or frequency,] One who threatens; a threatener. (K, * TA.) b2: One who charms, or fascinates, by magical enchantment [or by the eye] or otherwise. (K, * TA.) b3: One who composes, or utters, the rhyming prose termed رَعْبٌ. (K, TA.) b4: Also the former (راعب), A torrent that fills the valley: (S:) or (tropical:) that frightens by its abundance and its width and its filling the valley. (A.) It is applied also to rain. (TA.) And A valley filled with water. (L.) حَمَامٌ رَاعِبِىٌّ, (S, A,) or رَاعِبِيَّةٌ, (K,) [or] the latter is the fem. form of the epithet, (S,) A certain kind of pigeons; (S;) accord. to the K, from a land called رَاعِبٌ [in the CK رَعِبٌ]; but this land is unknown, and is not mentioned by El-Bekree nor by the author of the Marásid; and in the Mj and other old works, الحَمَامَةُ الرَّاعِبِيَّةُ is expl. as meaning (assumed tropical:) the pigeon that is loud, or strong, in its cry, or voice: so says MF; and this is the truth: in the L it is said, الرَّاعِبِىُّ, meaning a kind of wild pigeons, or doves, has the form of a rel. n., but is not such; or, as some one says, is a rel. n. from a place of the name whereof I know not the form: in the A it is said that حَمَامٌ رَاعِبِىٌّ means a pigeon that cooes loudly, or vehemently, exciting admiration by its voice, or filling with it the passages thereof. (TA.) أَرْعَبُ: see رَعِيبٌ.

تِرْعَابٌ: see تِرْعَابَةٌ.

تِرْعِيبٌ and تَرْعِيبٌ: see تِرْعِيبَةٌ.

تِرْعَابَةٌ, (S, A, K,) in the Mj, and in [some of] the copies of the S, ↓ تِرْعَابٌ, without ة, (TA,) Very fearful: (S:) or most exceedingly fearful (A, K, TA) of everything. (TA.) You say, هُوَ فِى السِّلْمِ تَلْعَابَةٌ وَفِى الحَرْبِ تِرْعَابَةٌ [He is in peace most exceedingly playful, and in war most exceedingly fearful]. (A.) تِرْعِيبَةٌ A piece of a camel's hump; (S, K;) as also ↓ رُعْبُوبَةٌ (K) and ↓ رُعْبُبٌ: (TA:) pl. ↓ تِرْعِيبٌ; (K;) or rather, accord. to AHei, this is a coll. gen. n.: (MF, TA:) it is also pronounced ↓ تَرْعِيبٌ; (Sb, AHei;) and is said to signify a camel's hump cut into long pieces, or slices: it is a subst. [properly so termed], not an inf. n.: (TA:) and its ت is shown to be augmentative by the fact that there is no [undisputed] word of the measure فَعْلِيلٌ, with fet-h [to the ف]. (MF, TA.) مَرْعَبَةٌ A frightful قَفْرَة [or desert destitute of herbage and of water]. (K. [In the CK and TA, قَفْزَة is erroneously put for قَفْرَة.]) b2: Also A person's springing, or leaping, [towards another,] and seating himself by the other's side, so as to cause the latter, not being aware, to be frightened. (K. [From its measure, it seems to be a simple subst., not an inf. n., signifying this action as being A cause of fear.]) مُرَعَّبٌ: see رَعِيبٌ.

A2: Also A camel's hump cut into pieces, (S, TA,) or into long pieces, or slices. (TA.) مُرَعْبِبٌ: see رَعِيبٌ.

مَرْعُوبٌ: see رَعِيبٌ, in two places.

مُرْتَعِبٌ: see رَعِيبٌ.

رقب

1 رَقَبَهُ, (JK, S, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (S, A, Mgh, Msb,) inf. n. ↓ رقْبَةٌ, (JK, S, Mgh, K,) or this is a simple subst., (Msb,) and [the inf. n. is]

رِقْبَانٌ (JK, S, K) and رُقُوبٌ (S, K) and رَقُوبٌ and رَقْبَةٌ and رَقَابَةٌ, (K,) He looked, watched, or waited, for him, or it; he awaited, or expected, him, or it; (JK, S, A, Mgh, Msb, K;) namely, a man, (JK, A,) or a thing; (S;) as also ↓ ترقبهُ; (JK, * S, * A, Msb, K;) and ↓ ارتقبهُ; (S, * A, Msb, K;) and ↓ راقبهُ, (Mgh,) inf. n. مُرَاقَبَةٌ. (JK, S, A, Mgh, Msb.) You say, قَعَدَ يَرْقُبُ صَاحِبَهُ He sat looking, watching, or waiting, for his com-panion; as also ↓ يَرْتَقِبُهُ. (A.) And أَتَرَقَّبُ ↓ كَذَا I look, &c., or am looking, &c., for such a thing. (A.) And يَرْقُبُ مَوْتَ صَاحِبِهِ [He looks, &c., for the death of his companion], (JK, S, A, Mgh, Msb,) and أَبِيهِ لِيَرِثَهُ [of his father, in order that he may inherit his property]: (A:) and ↓ تُرَاقِبُ مَوْتَ بَعْلِهَا [She looks, &c., for the death of her husband], (K, TA,) لِيَمُوتَ فَتَرِثَهُ [that he may die and she may inherit his property]. (TA.) And لَمْ تَرْقُبْ قَوْلِى, in the Kur [xx. 95], means And thou didst not wait, or hast not waited, for my saying [or what I should say]. (JK, TA.) b2: And رَقَبَهُ, (Msb, K,) aor. as above, (TA,) inf. n. رُقُوبٌ, (Msb,) He guarded, kept, preserved, or took care of, it; was mindful, or regardful, of it; (Msb, K;) namely, a thing; (TA;) as also ↓ راقبهُ, inf. n. مُرَاقَبَةٌ and رِقَابٌ; (K;) [and ↓ ترقّبهُ.] You say also أَنَا أَرْقُبُ لَكُمُ اللَّيْلَةَ I will guard, or keep watch, for you to-night. (A.) b3: And He regarded it; paid regard, or consideration, to it. (Bd and Jel in ix. 8.) You say, مَا لَكَ لَا تَرْقُبُ ذِمَّةَ فُلَانٍ [What aileth thee that thou wilt not regard the inviolable right or due, &c., of such a one?]. (A. [This phrase is there mentioned as proper, not tropical.]) b4: And (tropical:) He feared him; (A;) and so ↓ راقبهُ; (S, A, Mgh;) namely, God; (S, Mgh;) فِى أَمْرِهِ [in his affair]; (S;) because he who fears looks for, or expects, punishment (يَرْقُبُ العِقَابَ): (A, Mgh:) or رَاقَبْتُ ↓ اللّٰهَ signifies (assumed tropical:) I feared the punishment of God. (Msb.) ↓ رِقْبَةٌ [as inf. n. of رَقَبَ app. used intransitively, or perhaps as a simple subst.,] signifies (assumed tropical:) The fearing, or being afraid [of a person or thing]: or fear: and also (assumed tropical:) the guarding oneself; being watchful, vigilant, or heedful: or self-guardance; &c. (K, TA. [See this word below.]) b5: And you say, بَاتَ يَرْقُبُ النُّجُومَ and ↓ يُرَاقِبُهَا, like يَرْعَاهَا and يُرَاعِيهَا (tropical:) [i. e. He passed the night watching the stars and waiting for the time when they would disappear]. (A, TA.) IAar cites the following saying of one describing a travelling-companion of his: يُرَاقِبُ ↓ النَّجْمَ رِقَابَ الحُوتِ meaning (tropical:) He watches (↓ يَرْتَقِبُ) the star, or asterism, with vehement desire for departure, like the [watching with] vehement desire of the fish for water. (TA.) [See also رَقِيبٌ.]

A2: رَقَبَ فُلَانًا He put the rope [or a rope] upon the رَقَبَة [i. e. neck, or base of the hinder part of the neck, &c.,] of such a one. (K.) A3: رَقِبَ, [aor. ـَ inf. n. رَقَبٌ, (TA,) or this is a simple subst., (K,) He was, or became, thick in the رَقَبَة [or neck, &c.]. (TA.) 2 رَقَّبُوا لِلنَّمِرِ [They made a رُقْبَة (q. v.) for the leopard]. (JK.) 3 راقب, inf. n. مُرَاقَبَةٌ and رِقَابٌ: see 1, in seven places.4 ارقبهُ الدَّارَ, (JK, S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) inf. n. إِرْقَابٌ, (Msb,) He assigned the house to him as a ↓ رُقْبَى [q. v.], (JK, A, * Mgh, K, TA,) and to his offspring after him, in the manner of a وَقْف [so as to be unalienable]: (TA:) and ↓ ارقبهُ الرُّقْبَى

[he assigned to him the رُقْبَى]: (Lh, K:) or ارقبهُ دَارًا, or أَرْضًا, means he gave to him a house, or land, on the condition that it should be the property of the survivor of them two; saying, If I die before thee, it shall be thine; and if thou die before me, it shall be mine: (S:) it is from المُرَاقَبَةُ; because each of the two persons looks for (يَرْقُبُ) the death of the other; (S, Mgh, Msb;) in order that the property may be his: (Msb:) the subst. is ↓ رُقْبَى [signifying, as a quasi-inf. n., the act explained above; and, as a subst. properly so termed, the thing given in the manner explained above: the verb being similar to أَعْمَرَ; and the subst., in both of its applications, to عُمْرَى: see these two words]. (S, Msb.) 5 تَرَقَّبَ see 1, in three places.8 إِرْتَقَبَ see 1, in three places. b2: You say also, ارتقب المَكَانَ He ascended upon the place. (K, * TA.) رَقَبٌ Thickness of the رَقَبَة [or neck, &c.]: (S, K:) a subst. [as distinguished from an inf. n.: but see 1, last signification]. (K.) A2: See also رَقَبَةٌ.

رُقْبَةٌ [A pit made for the purpose of catching the leopard]: it is, for the نَمِر, like the زُبْيَة for the lion. (JK, K.) رِقْبَةٌ: see 1, first sentence: b2: and again, in the latter half of the paragraph. [Hence,] وَرِثَ فُلَانٌ مَالًا عَنْ رِقْبَةٍ (tropical:) Such a one inherited property from distant relations; not from his fathers. (K, TA.) And وَرِثَ المَجْدَ عَنْ رِقْبَةٍ (tropical:) He inherited glory, or nobility, from distant relations: [it is said of a man] because it is feared that it will not be conceded to him on account of the obscurity of his lineage. (A.) El-Kumeyt says, كَانَ السَّدَى وَالنَّدَى مَجْدًا وَمَكْرُمَةً

تِلْكَ المَكَارِمُ لَمْ يُورَثْنَ عِنْ رِقَبِ (tropical:) [The night-dew and the day-dew that nourished his mental growth were nobility and generous disposition: those generous qualities were not inherited from distant relations: رِقَبٌ being pl. of رِقْبَةٌ]: i. e., he inherited them from near ancestors. (TA.) رَقَبَةٌ The neck: or the base of the hinder part thereof: (A, K:) or the hinder part of the base of the neck: (JK, S:) or the upper part of the neck: (TA:) pl. [of mult.] رِقَابٌ (JK, S, Msb, K) and [coll. gen. n.] ↓ رَقَبٌ (JK, S, K) and [pl. of pauc.] أَرْقُبٌ (IAar, K) and رَقَبَاتٌ. (S, Msb, K.) b2: By a synecdoche, it is applied to (tropical:) The whole person of a human being: as in the saying, ذَنْبُهُ فِى رَقَبَتِهِ (tropical:) [His sin, or crime, &c., be on his own neck; meaning, on himself]. (IAth, TA.) [Hence also] one says, هٰذَا الأَمْرُ فِى رِقَابِكُمْ (tropical:) [This affair is upon your own selves], and فِى رَقَبَتِكَ (tropical:) [upon thine own self]. (A.) And أَعْتَقَ اللّٰهُ رَقَبَتَهُ (tropical:) [May God emancipate him]. (A.) And لَكَ رِقَابُهُنَّ وَمَا عَلَيْهِنَّ, in a trad., relating to camels, (tropical:) They themselves, and the burdens that are upon them, are thine. (TA.) And [hence], in another trad., لَنَا رِقَابُ الأَرْضِ (tropical:) To us belongs the land itself. (TA.) b3: Hence also, i. e. by a synecdoche, (IAth, Mgh, TA,) (tropical:) A slave, (S, IAth, Mgh, K, TA,) male and female: (IAth, TA:) and a captive: (TA:) pl. رِقَابٌ. (Mgh.) Yousay, أَعْتَقَ رَقَبَةً (tropical:) He emancipated a slave, male or female. (IAth, TA.) And فَكَّ رَقَبَةً (tropical:) He released a slave, or a captive. (TA.) الرِّقَاب in the Kur ix. 60 means (tropical:) Those slaves who have contracted with their owners for their freedom. (T, Mgh, Msb, TA.) b4: رِقَابُ المَزَاوِدِ (tropical:) [lit. The necks of provision-bags] is a nickname which was applied to the عَجَم [or Persians, or foreigners in general]; because they were red; (S, A;) or because of the length of their necks; (El-Karáfee, TA in art. زود;) or rather because of the thickness thereof, as though they were full. (MF in that art.) رُقْبَى One's giving to another person a possession, (K,) such as a house, and land, and the like, (TA,) on the condition that, whichever of them shall die, the property shall revert to his [the giver's] heirs: (K:) so called because each of them looks for (يَرْقُبُ) the death of the other: (TA:) or one's assigning it, (K,) namely, a dwelling, (TA,) to another person to inhabit, and, when he shall die, to another: (K:) or one's saying to a man, If thou die before me, my dwelling [or my land, which I give to thee,] shall revert to me; and if I die before thee, it shall be thine: so called for the reason above mentioned. (JK, KT. *) [It also signifies The property so given.] See 4, in three places. The act thus termed is forbidden in a trad., which pronounces that the property so given belongs to the giver's heirs. (JK.) Accord. to the Imám Aboo-Haneefeh, and [the Imám] Mohammad, it is not a هِبَة: accord. to Aboo-Yoosuf, it is a هِبَة like the عُمْرَى; but none of the lawyers of El-'Irák says so: the Málikees absolutely forbid it. (TA.) You say, دَارِى لَكَ رُقْبَى [My house is thine as a رقبى]: from المُرَاقَبَةُ; because each of the two persons looks for the death of the other. (A.) رَقَبَانٌ: see أَرْقَبُ.

رَقَبَانِىٌّ: see أَرْقَبُ.

رَقُوبٌ (tropical:) A woman (S, A) of whom no offspring lives, or remains, (S, A, K,) and who looks for the death of her offspring, or of her husband [app. that she may have offspring by another]: (A:) and in like manner applied to a man: (S:) because he, or she, looks for the death of the child, in fear for it: (IAth, TA:) in like manner also a she-camel of which no offspring lives: (TA:) or he who has no offspring: (Msb:) or he who has not sent before him [to Paradise, by its dying in infancy,] any of his children: this, says A'Obeyd, is the meaning in the [classical] language of the Arabs; relating only to the loss of children: (TA:) he who has had no child die in infancy: or he who has had children and has died without sending before him any of them [to Paradise, by its dying in infancy]. (So in the explanations of two trads., each commencing with الرَّقُوبُ, in the “ Jámi' es-Sagheer ” of EsSuyootee.) وَرِثْتُهُ عَنْ عَمَّةٍ رَقُوبِ is a prov., expl. by Meyd as meaning [I inherited it from a paternal aunt] of whom no offspring was living: such, he says, is most compassionate to the son of her brother. (TA.) b2: Also A woman who looks for the death of her husband, (S, K,) in order that she may inherit his property. (S.) b3: And (assumed tropical:) An old and a poor man who is unable to earn for himself, and has none to earn for him: so called because he looks for a benefaction or gratuity. (Msb.) b4: And (assumed tropical:) A she-camel that does not draw near to the wateringtrough, or tank, on account of the pressing, or crowding [of the other camels to it], (S, K,) by reason of her generous disposition: (S:) so called because she waits for the others to drink, and drinks when they have done. (TA.) b5: أُمُّ الرَّقُوبِ (assumed tropical:) Calamity, or misfortune. (K.) رَقِيبٌ, of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure فَاعِلٌ, (TA,) A looker, watcher, or waiter, in expectation [of a person or thing]: (S, Msb, K:) pl. رُقَبَآءُ. (Msb.) b2: A guarder, guardian, keeper, or preserver: (JK, S, A, Msb, K:) a guard of a people; one stationed on an elevated place to keep watch: (TA:) a spy, or scout, of an army: (A, TA:) a watcher, or an observer. (TA.) b3: [Hence,] الرّقِيبُ is an appel-lation applied to God; (A, K, TA;) meaning The Guardian, Keeper, Watcher, or Observer, from whom nothing is hidden. (TA.) b4: Also The أَمِين of the players at the game called المَيْسِر; (JK, K;) or (K) he who is intrusted with the supervision of the ضَرِيب [or shuffler of the arrows]: (JK, S, K:) or the man who stands behind the حُرْضَة [q. v.] in the game above mentioned: the meanings of all these explanations are [said to be] the same: pl. as above. (TA.) b5: And (assumed tropical:) The third of the arrows used in the game above mentioned: (T, S, K:) it is one of the seven arrows to which lots, or portions, appertain: (TA:) by some it is called الضَّرِيبُ: (Lh, L in art. ضرب:) the arrows are ten in number: the first is الفَذُّ, which has one notch and one portion; the second, التَّوْءَمُ, which has two notches and two portions; the third, الرَّقِيبُ, which has three notches and three portions; the fourth, الحِلْسُ or الحَلِسُ, which has four notches [and four portions]; the fifth, النَّافِسُ, which has five notches [and five portions]; the sixth, المُسْبِلُ, which has six notches [and six portions]; and the seventh, المُعَلَّى, the highest of all, which has seven notches and seven portions: those to which no portions appertain are السَّفِيحُ and المَنِيحُ and الوَغْدُ. (TA.) A poet says, إِذَا قَسَمَ الهَوَى أَعْشَارَ قَلْبِى

فَسَهْمَاكِ المُعَلَّى وَالرَّقِيبُ [When love divides the tenths of my heart, thy two arrows will be the mo'allà and the rakeeb]: by the سَهْمَانِ, [which properly signifies two arrows, and hence (assumed tropical:) two portions gained by two gaming-arrows, and then (assumed tropical:) any two portions,] he means her eyes: and as the معلّى has seven portions and the رقيب has three, the سهمان would gain the whole of his heart. (TA. [See also a verse cited voce عُشْرٌ.]) b6: رَقِيبُ النَّجْمِ signifies (tropical:) The star, or asterism, that sets with the rising of that [other] star, or asterism: for example, the رقيب of الثُّرَيَّا is الإِكْلِيلُ: [and the former is the رقيب of the latter:] when the latter rises at nightfall, the former sets: (S, TA:) or رَقِيبٌ signifies the star, or asterism, which [as it were] watches, (يُرَاقِبُ,) in the east, the star, or asterism, setting in the west: or any one of the Mansions of the Moon is the رقيب of another: (K, TA:) whenever any one of them rises, another [of them] sets: (TA: [see مَنَازِلُ القَمَرِ, in art. نزل; and see also نَوْءٌ:]) and الرَّقِيبُ is (assumed tropical:) a [certain] star, or asterism, of the stars, or asterisms, [that were believed to be the givers] of rain, that [as it were] watches another star, or asterism: (K:) [it was app. applied to الإِكْلِيلُ, as being the رقيب of the most noted and most welcome of all the Mansions of the Moon, namely, الثُّرَيَّا: see نَوْءٌ.] The رَقِيب of الثُّرَيَّا is [also] an appellation applied to الدَّبَرَانُ (assumed tropical:) [i. e. The Hyades; or the five chief stars of the Hyades; or the brightest star among them, α of Taurus]; because a follower thereof: (A:) [and] العَيُّوقُ (assumed tropical:) [i. e. Capella] is so called as being likened to the رقيب of the game called المَيْسِر. (TA.) [Hence,] one says, لَاآتِيكَ أَوْ يَلْقَى الثُّرَيَّا رَقِيبُهَا (tropical:) [I will not come to thee unless their رقيب meet the Pleiades]. (A.) b7: رَقِيبٌ also signifies (tropical:) A man's successor, (A, K,) of his offspring, and of his عَشِيرَة [i. e. kinsfolk, or nearer or nearest relations by descent from the same ancestor, &c.]. (K.) So in the saying, نِعْمَ الرَّقِيبُ أَنْتَ لِأَبِيكَ وَسَلَفِكَ (tropical:) [Excellent, or most excellent, is the successor; such art thou to thy father and thine ancestors]: because the successor is like الدَّبَرَان to الثُّرَيَّا. (A.) b8: and (assumed tropical:) The son of a paternal uncle. (K.) [App. because two male cousins by the father's side are often rivals, and watchers of each other; the son of a girl's paternal uncle being commonly preferred as her husband.] b9: Also (assumed tropical:) A species of serpent: as though it watched by reason of hatred: (TA:) or a certain malignant serpent: pl. رَقِيبَاتٌ and رُقُبٌ. (T, K.) رَقَّابَةٌ A low, or an ignoble, man, a servant, or a slave, syn. رَجُلٌ وَغْدٌ, (S, K,) who keeps, guards, or watches, the [utensils and furniture called]

رَحْل of a people when they are absent. (S.) أَرْقَبُ and ↓ رَقَبَانِىٌّ, (JK, S, A, K,) the latter irregular (Sb, S, K) as a rel. n., (Sb,) and ↓ رَقَبَانٌ, (IDrd, K,) applied to a man, (S, IDrd, A,) Thick, (JK, S, K,) or large, (A, Mgh, in which latter only the second epithet is mentioned,) in the رَقَبَة [or neck, &c.]: (JK, S, A, K:) the fem. [of the first] is رَقْبَآءُ, (JK, IDrd,) applied to a female slave, (JK,) not applied to a free woman, nor does one say رَقَبَانِيَّةٌ. (IDrd.) b2: الأَرْقَبُ is also [an epithet] applied to The lion; (K;) because of the thickness of his رَقَبة. (TA.) مَرْقَبٌ and ↓ مَرْقَبَةٌ An elevated place upon which a spy, or watchman, ascends, or stations himself: (S, A, * Msb, K: *) [a structure such as is termed] an عَلَم, or a hill, upon which one ascends to look from afar: or, accord. to Sh, the latter signifies a place of observation on the top of a mountain or of a fortress: accord. to AA, the pl., مَرَاقِبُ, signifies elevated pieces of ground. (TA.) مَرْقَبَةٌ: see what next precedes.

مُرَقَّبٌ A skin, or hide, that is drawn off from the part next to the head (S, K) and the رَقَبَة [or neck, &c.]. (S.)

روب

1 رَابَ, (T, S, M, &c.,) aor. ـُ (T, S, &c.,) inf. n. رَوْبٌ, (Lth, T, Msb,) or رُؤُوبٌ, (S,) or both, (T, M, Mgh, K,) said of milk, (T, S, M, &c.,) It was, or became, thick, or coagulated: (M, A, Msb, K:) or was churned, and deprived of its butter: (M, * A, K: *) or it was, or became, fit to be churned: (T:) or thick, (S,) or having a compact pellicle upon its surface, and thick, or resembling liver so that it quivered, (Lth, T,) and fit to be churned: (Lth, T, S:) or such as had become thick; (Fr, A'Obeyd, T, S, * Mgh;) until its butter was taken forth; (Fr, A'Obeyd, T, S; *) or before and after it had been deprived of its butter. (Mgh.) b2: [Hence,] رَابَ دَمُهُ, (T, M, A, K,) aor. as above, (T,) inf. n. رَوْبٌ, (M,) (tropical:) [His blood is about to be shed;] his death, or destruction, is at hand: (M, K:) said of one who has exposed himself to that which will cause his blood to be shed; (T;) of one who has exposed himself to slaughter: (A:) like the phrase يَفُورُ دَمُهُ; (T;) or like يَغْلِى دَمُهُ: his blood being likened to milk that has become thick, and fit to be churned. (A.) b3: And رَابَ الرَّجُلُ, (As, T, S, &c.,) aor. as above, (TA,) inf. n. رَوْبٌ (S, M, K) and رُؤُوبٌ, (M, K,) (tropical:) The man was, or became, confused, or disturbed, (As, T, S, K,) in his affair, or case, (As, T,) or in his reason, or intellect, (S, K,) and his opinion: (As, T, S:) or confounded, or perplexed; unable to see his right course: (M, K:) and languid in spirit, by reason of satiety, or drowsiness, (M, A,) or intoxication; as also رَابَتْ نَفْسُهُ: (A:) or he arose (M, K, TA) from sleep (M, TA) disordered in body and mind: (M, K, TA:) or he was intoxicated with sleep: (M, K:) or he was lazy, sluggish, or slothful. (Aboo-Sa'eed, T.) b4: And رَابَ, (Th, M, K,) inf. n. رَوْبٌ; (TA;) and ↓ روّب, (Th, M,) inf. n. تَرْوِيبٌ; (K;) (assumed tropical:) He (a man, Th, M) was, or became, fatigued, or jaded. (Th, M, K.) and مَطِيَّةُ فُلَانٍ ↓ رَوَّبَتْ (assumed tropical:) The riding-camel of such a one was, or became, fatigued, or jaded. (T.) b5: And رَابَ (assumed tropical:) He, or it, was, or became, quiet, still, or motionless. (IAar, T.) b6: It is said in a prov., of him who does wrong and does right, [or of him who does right and does wrong,] هُوَ يَشُوبُ وَ يَرُوبُ, meaning, accord. to Aboo-Sa'eed, (assumed tropical:) He defends his companion [at one time], and is lazy or sluggish or slothful [at another time]: or it means he defends without energy at one time, and at another time is lazy or sluggish or slothful, so that he defends not at all: or, as some say, he mixes water with the milk, and so spoils it, and he makes it good; from the saying of IAar that رَابَ signifies أَصْلَحَ; but if it have this meaning, it is originally رَأَبَ, with hemz. (T. [See more in art. شوب.]) A2: Accord. to IAar, رَابَ also signifies He suspected. (T. [But in this sense it seems to belong to art. ريب.]) A3: Also He lied. (K. [But in the T, this signification is assigned to شَابَ, not to رَابَ; app. in relation to the prov. above cited.]) 2 روّب اللَّبَنَ, (S, M, A, K,) inf. n. تَرْوِيبٌ, (Az, M,) He made the milk to be such as is termed رَائِب; (S, M, A, K;) as also ↓ ارابهُ: (M, A, K:) or he put the milk into the skin, and turned it over, in order that it might become fit for churning, and then churned it, when it had not thickened well. (Az, M.) A2: See also 1, in two places.4 اراب اللَّبَنَ: see 2.

A2: [اراب as an intrans. verb app. signifies He had much milk such as is termed رَائِب: see its part. n. مُرِيبٌ, below.]

رَابٌ The equal in quantity or measure or the like: so in the saying, هَذَا رَابُ كَذَا [This is the equal in quantity &c. of such a thing. (K, * TA.) رَوْبٌ: see رَائِبٌ, in two places. b2: Hence, (M,) لَا شَوْبَ وَ لَا رَوْبَ, (IAar, T, M,) occurring in a trad., meaning (assumed tropical:) There is, or shall be, no dishonesty, nor any mixing: (TA:) it is a saying of the Arabs, in a case of selling and buying, respecting the commodity which one sells, and means I am irresponsible to thee for its faults, or defects. (IAar, T, M.) رَوْبَةٌ: see what next follows, in three places.

رُوبَةٌ The ferment of milk, (T, S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) consisting of a sour portion, (S, TA,) which is put into milk in order that it may become such as is termed رَائِب; (T, S, Mgh, Msb, TA;) and ↓ رَوْبَةٌ signifies the same as رُوبَةٌ in this sense, (Kr, M, A, K,) and in the other senses which follow: (M:) this is the primary signification: (TA:) or ferment of milk which contains its butter, and when its butter has been taken forth; as also ↓ رَائِبٌ in both of these two senses; (T;) or in the latter state it is termed ↓ رَائِبٌ: (TA:) or (so in the A and K, but in the M “ and,”) remains of milk (M, A, K, in the second of which, as in the last, this applies also to ↓ رَوْبَةٌ,) that has become such as is termed رَائِب: (M:) or remains of milk left in the [skin or vessel called]

مِرْوَب in order that fresh milk, when poured upon it, may quickly become رَائِب: (T:) and milk containing its butter: and also milk from which its butter has been taken forth: (Aboo-' Amr ElMutarriz, MF, TA.) It is said in a prov., شُبْ شَوْبًا لَكَ رُوبَتُهُ [Mix thou a mixture, app. of thick and fresh milk: thine shall be what will remain of it]: (S:) or لَكَ بَعْضُهُ [thine shall be some of it]: (so Meyd:) it is like the saying اُحْلُبْ حَلَبًا لَكَ شَطْرُهُ [expl. in art. شطر]: (S, Meyd:) and is applied in inciting to aid him in whom one will find profit, or advantage. (Meyd.) b2: I. q. دُرْدِىٌّ [as meaning A ferment] such as is put into [the beverage called] نَبِيذ [to make it ferment]. (TA.) b3: (tropical:) What has collected of the seminal fluid (T, S, M, A, K) of a horse, (S, A,) or of a stallion, (M, K,) after resting from covering; (T, S, M, K;) and ↓ رَوْبَةٌ in this sense is mentioned by Lh: (M:) you say, أَعِرْنِى رُوَبَةَ فَحْلِكَ, (T,) or فَرَسِكَ, (S, A,) when you ask a person to lend you a stallion, or a horse, to cover: (T, S, A:) or the collecting thereof: or the seminal fluid of the stallion in the womb of the camel: (M, K:) it is thicker than that which is termed مُهَاة, and more remote in respect of the place into which it is injected. (M.) b4: (tropical:) Strength of a horse to run: so in the phrase فَرَسٌ بَاقِى الرُّوبَةِ (tropical:) [A horse whose strength to run remains]. (A.) b5: (tropical:) Intellect (IAar, S, A) of a man (IAar, S) when it has attained to full vigour: (A:) [app. as being likened to the روبة of the stallion:] so in the saying, هُوَ يُحَدِّثُنِى وَ أَنَا إِذْ ذَاكَ غُلَامٌ لَيْسَ لِى رُوبَةٌ (tropical:) [He would talk to me, I being then a boy, not having full intellect]. (IAar, S, A: in one of my copies of the S, and in the TA, لَيْسَتْ.) b6: (assumed tropical:) The main, or most essential, part, syn. جُمَّاع, of an affair: (M, K:) so in the saying, مَا يَقُومُ بِرُوبَةِ أَمْرِهِ (assumed tropical:) [He does not undertake, or superintend, or attend to, the main, or most essential, part of his affair]: app. from the روبة of the stallion. (M.) b7: (assumed tropical:) Means of subsistence: (M, K:) (assumed tropical:) food, or sustenance: (TA:) (assumed tropical:) anything that puts a thing into a good, right, or proper state; from the same word as signifying “ a sour ferment that is put into milk to make it ferment: ” (JM:) (tropical:) a want, or thing that is needed [to put one into a good, or right, state]: (S, M, A, K:) and want as meaning poverty. (Ibn-Es-Seed, K, TA.) You say, لَا يَقُومُ بِرُوبَةِ أَهْلِهِ, (S, A,) or مَا يَقُومُ الخ, (M, TA,) i. e. (assumed tropical:) [He will not, or does not, undertake, or take upon himself, or attend to,] the food, or sustenance, of his family: or (assumed tropical:) their case, and the putting them into a good, right, or proper, state: (TA:) or (tropical:) [the supplying of] what they require of him. (S, M, A, TA.) b8: (tropical:) A part, or portion, or small portion, (طَائِفَةٌ, S, M, or قِطْعَةٌ, K, or سَاعَةٌ, T, M, A,) of the night: (T, S, M, A, K:) [app. from the same word signifying “ remains of milk; ” as seems to be implied in the A:] so in the saying, مَضَتْ رُوبَةٌ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ (tropical:) A period, or short portion, (ساعة,) of the night passed: (T, M, TA:) and بَقِيَتْ رُوبَةٌ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ (tropical:) A period, or short portion, (ساعة,) of the night remained: (M, A, TA:) and هَرِقْ عَنَّا مِنْ رُوبَةِ اللَّيْلِ, (S, A,) i. e. اِكْسِرْ عَنَّا سَاعَةً مِنْهُ [app. for اِكْسِرْ جَهْدَنَا or the like, i. e. (tropical:) Abate thou, or allay thou, our fatigue, or the like, or relieve thou us, for a period, or short portion, of the night; من before روبة being redundant]. (A.) b9: (assumed tropical:) A piece of flesh-meat: (M, K:) so in the saying, قَطَعَ اللَّحْمَ رُوبَةً رُوبَةً (assumed tropical:) [He cut the flesh-meat into pieces; or cut it piece by piece]. (M.) A2: (assumed tropical:) Heaviness, sluggishness, or torpidness, (T, K,) or laxness, or confusedness of the intellect, (T,) and languor, feebleness, or faintness, (K,) from drinking much milk. (T.) A3: Good and fertile land, abounding with plants, or herbage, (T, M, K,) and with trees: (T, M:) that kind of land in which the herbage, or pasturage, remains longest. (T.) b2: Accord. to Aboo-' Amr Esh-Sheybánee, i. q. مَشَارَةٌ, which means A سَاقِيَة [or channel of water for irrigation: but it has also other meanings, which see in art. شور]. (TA.) b3: The tree called نُلْك; (T, K, TA;) expl. by Ibn-Es-Seed as meaning the tree called زُعْرُور [q. v.]. (TA.) A4: A kind of hooked instrument (كَلُّوب) by means of which an animal that is hunted is drawn forth from its hole: (M, K:) accord. to Abu-l-'Omeythil, the مِحْرَش [app. meaning the same, or an instrument used for drawing forth the lizard called ضَبّ from its hole]. (M.) A5: It is also mentioned by IAar as [syn. with رُبَةٌ and أُرْبَةٌ,] meaning A knot. (T.) A6: A piece of wood with which a wooden bowl, or other vessel, is repaired, or mended; or with which a breach, or broken place, therein is stopped up: (T, TA:) and, accord. to Az, a patch, or piece, with which a camel's saddle (رَحْل) is patched, or pieced, when it is broken: (TA:) pl. رُوَبٌ: but this is [properly, or originally, رُؤْبَةٌ,] with ء: (T, TA:) so says ISk. (T.) [See art. رأب.]

رَوْبَانُ: see the next paragraph.

رَائِبٌ, applied to milk, (Lth, T, S, M, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.,) and ↓ رَوْبٌ, so applied, (Lth, T, M, K,) Thick, or coagulated: (M, Msb, K:) or churned, and deprived of its butter: (As, T, M, K:) see also رُوبَةٌ, in two places: or thick, (S,) or having a compact pellicle upon its surface, and thick, or resembling liver so that it quivers, (Lth, T,) and fit to be churned: (Lth, T, S:) or such as has been churned, and such as has not been churned: (S:) or such as has become thick; (Fr, A 'Obeyd, T, S, Mgh;) until its butter is taken forth; (Fr, A 'Obeyd, T, S;) or before and after its butter has been taken forth; (Mgh;) like as the epithet عُشَرَآءُ is applied to a she-camel when pregnant and when she has brought forth. (A 'Obeyd, T, S.) A poet, cited by As, says, وَ مَنْ لَكَ بِالرَّائِبِ الخَاثِرِ سَقَاكَ أَبُو مَا عِزٍ رَائِبًا (T, S Mgh) meaning Aboo-Má'iz gave thee to drink churned [milk], (T, S,) but how wilt thou obtain, (T,) or [rather] but who will be answerable to thee for, (S,) the unchurned (T, S) [that is thick, or] that has not had its butter taken forth from it? (S. [Or رَائِب in the former instance may be from رَابَ of which the aor. is يَرِيبُ; so that it may there mean what occasioned doubt, or evil opinion: see رَائِبٌ in art. ريب: and if so, this word as belonging to the present art., and applied to milk, may signify only thick, or unchurned.]) And one says, مَا عِنْدَهُ شَوْبٌ وَ لَا

↓ رَوْبٌ, (T,) or مَا عِنْدِى الخ, (M,) i. e. He has not, or I have not, mixed honey, nor milk such as is termed رَائِب: (T, M:) or, as some say, honey nor milk; thus explaining the two words شوب and روب without restriction. (M. [See also art. شوب.]) b2: [Hence,] رَائِبٌ applied to a man, (T, S, M, A, K,) as also ↓ رَوْبَانُ, (T, M, K,) and ↓ أَرْوَبُ, (M, K,) (tropical:) Confused, disturbed, or disordered, (T, S, A,) in mind, by reason of drowsiness, or satiety, or intoxication: (A:) or confounded, or perplexed; unable to see his right course: (M, K:) and languid in spirit, by reason of satiety, or drowsiness: (M:) or who has arisen (M, K) from sleep (M) disordered in body and mind: or intoxicated with sleep: (M, K:) or رَائِبٌ signifies (assumed tropical:) confused in his intellect and his opinion and his affair: (TA:) and a man (tropical:) fatigued, wearied, distressed, embarrassed, or troubled: (A:) fem. [of the first] رَائِبَةٌ: (Lh, M:) pl. of the first, (S, M, A, * Mgh,) accord. to As, (S,) or of the second, رَوْبَى: (S, A, Mgh:) you say قَوْمٌ رَوْبَى (tropical:) a people, or company of men, confused, disturbed, or disordered, in minds, (T, S, Mgh,) by reason of drowsiness: (Mgh:) accord. to Sb, (M,) rendered heavy, or weak, or languid, by journeying, (S, M,) and by pain, (M,) and heavy with sleep: (S:) or intoxicated by drinking [milk such as is termed] رَائِب. (S, Mgh.) b3: And رَائِبٌ also signifies (tropical:) A thing, or an affair, that is clear, or free from dubiousness or confusedness; (Th, T and TA in art. ريب;) like the milk so termed. (TA in art. ريب. See an ex. in that art.) أَرْوَبُ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مِرْوَبٌ A vessel, (T, S,) or receptacle, (A,) or skin, (M, K,) in which milk is made to be such as is termed رَائِب. (T, S, M, A, K.) [See also مُرَوَّبٌ.]

مُرِيبٌ Having much milk such as is termed رَائِب. (Har p. 416.) مُرَوَّبٌ Milk that has not as yet been churned, and that is in the skin, not having had its butter taken from it. (As, T.) b2: And سِقَآءٌ مُرَوَّبٌ A skin in which milk has been made such as is termed رَائِب: (M, K:) or a skin that is wrapped up [in order that its milk may thicken more quickly by its being kept warm] until it attains the fit time for the churning. (S.) It is said in a prov., أَهْوَنُ مَظْلُومٍ سِقَآءٌ مُرَوَّبٌ, (T, S, M, A,) meaning [The lightest in estimation] of what is drunk, or given to be drunk, [of milk,] before its butter comes forth from it (As, T) [is that in] a skin that is wrapped up &c., as expl. above: (S:) [or (assumed tropical:) the least to be esteemed of the wronged is he who remains quiet, or inert, like milk not yet in a state of fermentation:] Az mentions it as applied to him who is low, abject, or contemptible; who is held to be weak: and he says that ظَلَمْتُ السِّقَآءَ means “ I gave [the milk of] the skin to be drunk before it had attained to maturity [so as to be fit for the process of churning]: ” (T:) or مُرَوَّبٌ signifies not churned, but having in it its ferment; and the prov. is applied to him who is constrained to do something that is difficult, and to become in a state of abasement, or ignominy, and does not manifest any disapproval. (Meyd.)

ردج

1 رَدَجَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. رَدْجٌ, He (a mare's foal [or a young ass, or a lamb or kid, or any young solid-hoofed animal only,]) voided the excrement termed رَدَج. (TA.) A2: رَدَجَ, inf. n. رَدَجَانٌ, i. q. دَرَجَ, inf. n. دَرَجَانٌ: (K:) one of these is formed by transposition from the other: or, accord. to IJ, each is an original word. (TA.) رَدَجٌ What comes forth, (S, K,) or what first comes forth, (TA,) from the belly of a lamb or kid, or of a mare's foal, (S, K, TA,) and of a young mule, and of a young ass, (TA,) or of any young solid-hoofed animal only, (Az, T, TA,) before it eats: like عِقْىٌ in relation to a child: (S, K:) pl. أَرْدَاجٌ. (TA.) أَرْدَاجٌ pl. of رَدَجٌ: (TA:) A2: and used by Ru-beh for أَرَنْدَج, q. v. (K.) أَرَنْدَجٌ (Lh, S, K) and إِرَنْدَجٌ (K) and ↓ يَرَنْدَجٌ (Lh, S) Black skin [or leather], (S, K,) of which boots are made: termed by Ru-beh, in the following hemistich, ↓ أَرْدَاج: كَأَنَّمَا سُرْوِلْنَ فِى الأَرْدَاجِ [As though they were clad in trousers of ارندج]: (K:) accord. to A' Obeyd, originally Pers\., (S,) arabicized, (K,) from رَنْدَهْ: (S, K:) one should not say رَنْدَجٌ: (ISk, S:) accord. to Lh, i. q. دَارِشٌ: or, he adds, as some say, a skin [or leather] different from that termed دارش: or i. q. زَاجٌ, with which one blackens. (TA. [See what follows.]) With respect to these words of a poet, describing a woman as ignorant, or inexperienced, قَبْلَهَا ↓ لَمْ تَدْرِ مَا نَسْجُ اليَرَنْدَجِ [She knew not what is the weaving of يرندج before it], it is said that he imagined يرندج to be woven, or that he meant that this woman, by reason of her ignorance, or inexperience, imagined it to be so. (TA.) b2: [It is said, app. on the ground of an assertion mentioned above, that]

↓ يَرَنْدَجٌ also signifies A certain black dye; (L;) the black [or blacking] with which boots are blacked: or زَاجٌ [i. e. vitriol]. (K.) b3: Az mentions ارندج and ↓ يرندج as quadriliteral-radical words. (TA.) يَرَنْدَجٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in four places.