درك

1 دَرَكَ, from which should be derived دَرَاكِ and دَرَّاكٌ, is unused, though its noun درك [i. e. دَرْكٌ or دَرَكٌ, which latter (the more common of the two) see below,] is used. (IB.) [دَرَكَ in Golius's Lex. is evidently a mistranscription for دَارَكَ.]2 تَدْرِيكٌ The dropping of rain with close consecutiveness, (IAar, K, TA,) as though one portion thereof overtook another. (IAar, TA.) You say, درّك المَطَرُ The rain dropped with close consecutiveness. (TK.) b2: Also The hanging a rope upon the neck of a person in coupling him with another. (AA.) 3 دِرَاكٌ The making one part, or portion, of a thing, (K, TA,) whatever it be, (TA,) to follow another uninterruptedly; (K, TA;) as also مُدَارَكَةٌ: (TA:) both [are inf. ns. of دارك, and] signify the same [i. e. the continuing, or carrying on, a thing uninterruptedly]: (S:) مُدَارَكَةٌ is when there are no intervals between things following one another; like مُوَاصَلَةٌ: otherwise it is مُوَاتَرَةٌ. (S and K in art. وتر.) You say, of a man, دارك صَوْتَهُ He continued his voice uninterruptedly. (S, TA.) b2: Also A horse's overtaking, or coming up with, wild animals (K, TA) &c. (TA.) You say, of a horse, دارك الوَحْشَ, inf. n. دِرَاكٌ, He overtook, or come up with, the wild animals. (TK.) [Thus it is syn. with ادرك.]

b3: In the saying, لَا بَارَكَ اللّٰهُ فِيهِ وَلَا دَارَكَ, (S, K, * TA,) it is an imitative sequent: (K, TA:) all these verbs have one and the same meaning. (S, TA. [See تَارَكَ.]) 4 ادركهُ, (S Msb, K, &c.,) inf. n. إِدْرَاكٌ (S, Msb) and مُدْرَكٌ, (Msb,) He, or it, attained, reached, overtook, or came up with, him, or it: (S, K, TA:) or sought, or pursued, and attained, reached, &c., him, or it: (Msb:) [داركهُ, also, signifies the same, as shown above:] and ↓ تداركهُ, likewise, [of which اِدَّراَكَهُ is a variation,] is syn. with ادركهُ; (Jel in lxviii. 49, and KL, * and TA; *) and so is ↓ اِدَّرَكَهُ. (TA.) You say, أَدْرَكْتُ الرَّجُلَ and ↓ اِدَّرَكْتُهُ [I attained, reached, overtook, or came up with, the man]. (IJ, TA.) And مَشَيْتُ حَتَّى أَدْرَكْتُهُ I walked, or went on foot, until I overtook him, or came up with him. (S, TA.) And عِشْتُ حَتَّى أَدْرَكْتُ زَمَانَهُ I lived until I attained, or reached, his time. (S, TA.) And أَدْرَكْتُ الفَائِتَ [I attained, &c., that which was passing away]. (Mgh.) and ادركهُ بِمَكْرُوهٍ [He overtook him, or visited him, with some displeasing, or abominable, or evil, action]. (M and K in art. وتر. See also 6, in the latter half of the paragraph, in two places: and see 10, first sentence.) And أَدْرَكَنِى الجَهْدُ [Difficulty, or distress, &c., overtook me, ensued to me, or came upon me]; a phrase similar to بَلَغَنِى

الكِبَرُ in the Kur [iii. 35]: and so أَدْرَكْتُ الجَهْدَ [I came to experience difficulty, &c.]; like بَلَغْتُ مِنَ الكِبَرِ عُتِيًا in the Kur [xix. 9]. (Er-Rághib, TA in art. بلغ.) b2: [Hence, He attained, obtained, or acquired, it; and so ↓ تداركهُ, as is shown in the KL; so too ادرك بِهِ, for one says,] ادرك بِدَمِهِ [He obtained revenge, or retaliation, for his blood]. (S in art. وتر.) b3: [Hence also, He perceived it; attained a knowledge of it by any of the senses.] You say, أَدْرَكْتُهُ بِبَصَرِى [I perceived it by my sight;] I saw it. (S, TA.) لَا تُدْرِكُهُ الأَبْصَارُ, in the Kur [vi. 103], means, accord. to some, The eyes [perceive him not]: accord. to others, the mental perception comprehendeth not [or attaineth not the knowledge of] the real nature of his hallowed essence. (TA.) You say also, ادرك عِلْمِى, meaning My knowledge comprehended that such a thing was a fact. (TA.) b4: [Hence likewise, as an intrans. v., or a trans. v. of which the objective complement is understood,] ادرك also signifies [He attained a knowledge of the uttermost of a thing; or] his knowledge attained the uttermost of a thing. (TA.) See also 6, in the former half of the paragraph, in two places. b5: Also It (a thing) attained its proper time: (Msb, K:) it attained its final time or state, or its utmost point or degree. (K.) [He (a boy, and a beast,) attained his perfect, ripe, or mature, state; and in like manner ادركت is said of a girl: or it is like ادرك as meaning] he (a boy) attained to puberty, (S, Msb,) or to the utmost term of youth. (TA.) It (fruit) attained to ripeness, or maturity; became ripe, or mature; (S Msb;) attained its time, and its utmost degree of ripeness or maturity. (T, TA.) And ادركت القِدْرُ The cooking-pot attained its proper time [for the cooking of its contents]. (TA.) And ادركت الخَمْرُ [The wine became mature]. (Msb and K in art. خمر.) and ادرك مَآءُ الرَّكِيَّةِ The water of the well reached its دَرَك, i. e. its bottom (Aboo-' Adnán, TA.) b6: Also It passed away and came to an end; came to nought; became exhausted; or failed entirely: (S, K:) said in this sense of flour, or meal: (S:) and thus it has been explained as used in the Kur [xxvii. 68], where it is said, [accord. to one reading,] بَلْ أَدْرَكَ عِلْمُهُمْ فِى الآخِرَةِ [Nay, their knowledge hath entirely failed respecting the world to come]. (TA. [See also 6.]) Sh mentions this signification as heard by him on no other authority than that of Lth; and Az asserts it to be incorrect: but it has been authorized by more than one of the leading lexicologists, and the language of the Arabs does not forbid it; for it is said of flour, or meal, and in this case can only mean it came to its end, and entirely failed, or became exhausted; and fruits, when they are ripe (إِذَا أَدْرَكْتْ) are exposed to coming to nought, and so is everything that has attained to its extreme term; so that the signification of “ coming to nought ” is one of the necessary adjuncts of the meaning of إِدْرَاكٌ. (TA.) [In like manner,] ↓ اِدَّرَكَ signifies It (a thing) continued uninterruptedly and then come to nought: (IJ, TA:) and agreeably with this signification is explained the saying in the Kur [xxvi. 61], إِنَّا لَمُدَّرِكُونَ [Verily we are coming to nought, by those who read thus instead of لَمُدْرَكُونَ being overtaken]. (TA.) b7: You say also, ادرك الثَّمَنُ المُشْتَرِىَ, meaning [The payment of] the price was, or became, obligatory on the purchaser: this is an ideal reaching, or overtaking. (Msb.) 6 تدّاركوا i. q. تلاحقوا (S) [i. e.] They attained, reached, overtook, or came up with, one another; as also اِدَّارَكُوا, and ↓ اِدَّرَكُوا; (Sh, TA;) [or] the last of them attained, reached, overtook, or came up with, the first of them. (S Msb, K, TA.) Hence, in the Kur [vii. 36], (S,) حَتَّى إِذَا ادَّارَكُوا فِيهَا جَمِيعًا [Until, when they have overtaken one another, or have successively arrived, therein, all together]: originally تَدَارَكُوا. (S, K. *) And تدارك الثَّرِيَانَ [The two moistures reached each other; (like اِلْتَقَى الثَّرَيَانِ;) meaning] the moisture of the rain reached the moisture of the earth. (S.) b2: And [hence] تدارك signifies [It continued, or was carried on, uninterruptedly; it was closely consecutive in its parts, or portions;] one part, or portion, of it, followed, or was made to follow, another uninterruptedly; said of anything. (TA.) You say, تدارك السَّيْرُ [The course, or pace, or journeying, continued uninterruptedly]. (S and TA in art. حفد, &c.) And تداركت الأَخْبَارُ The tidings followed one another closely. (TA.) b3: [Hence, when said of knowledge, meaning, accord. to Fr, It continued unbroken in its sequence or concatenation.] بَلِ ادَّرَاكَ عِلْمُهُمْ فِى الآخِرَةِ (K, TA,) in the Kur [xxvii. 68], (TA,) [virtually] meansNay, they have no knowledge respecting the world to come: (K, TA:) or, as IJ says, their knowledge is hasty, and slight, and not on a sure footing, &c.: Az says that AA read بَلْ أَدْرَكَ [of which an explanation has been given above (see 4)]: that I'Ab is related to have read ↓ بَلَىآأَدْرَكَ [&c., i. e. Yea, hath their knowledge reached its end &c.?], as interrogatory, and without tesh-deed: and that, accord. to the reading بل ادّراك Fr says that the proper meaning is, [Nay,] hath their knowledge continued unbroken so as to extend to the knowledge of the world to come, whether it will be or not be? wherefore is added, بَلْ هُمْ فِى شَكٍّ مِنْهَا بَلْ هُمْ مِنْهَا عَمُونَ: he says also that Ubeí read, أَمْ تَدَارَكَ; and that the Arabs substitute بَلْ for أَمْ, and أَمْ for بَلْ, when a passage begins with an interrogation: but this explanation of Fr is not clear; the meaning is [said to be] their knowledge shall be unbroken and concurrent [respecting the world to come] when the resurrection shall have become a manifest event, and they shall have found themselves to be losers; and the truth of that wherewith they have been threatened shall appear to them when their knowledge thereof will not profit them: accord. to Aboo-Mo'ádh the Grammarian, the readings ↓ بَلْ أَدْرَكَ &c. and بَلِ ادَّارَكَ &c. mean the same; i. e. they shall know in the world to come; like the saying in the Kur [xix. 39], أَسْمِعْ بِهِمْ وَأَبْصِرْ, &c.: and Es-Suddee says of both these readings that the meaning is, their knowledge shall agree, or be in unison, in the world to come; i. e. they shall know in the world to come that that wherewith they have been threatened is true: or, accord. to Mujáhid, the meaning of بَلِ ادَّارَكَ عِلْمُهُمْ &c. is said to be, is their knowledge concurrent respecting the world to come? بل being here used in the sense of أَم: (TA:) or it may mean their knowledge hath gone on uninterruptedly until it hath become cut short; from the phrase تدارك بَنُو فُلَانٍ meaning The sons of such a one went on uninterruptedly into destruction. (Bd.) A2: تداركهُ: see 4, in two places. It is used in the [primary] sense of أَدْرَكَهُ in the saying in the Kur [lxviii. 49], لَوْ لَا أَنْ تَدارَكَهُ نِعْمَةٌ مِنْ رَبِّهِ لَنُبِذَ بِالْعَرَآءِ [Had not favour (meaning mercy, Jel) from his Lord reached him, or overtaken him, he had certainly been cast upon the bare land]. (Jel.) b2: [Hence, elliptically, He overtook him, or visited him, with good, or with evil.] El-Mutanebbee says, أَنَ فِى أُمَّةٍ تَدَارَكَهَا اللّٰ هُ غَرِيبٌ كَصَالِحٍ فِى ثَمُودِ [I am among a people (may God visit them with favour and save them from their meanness, or visit them with destruction so that I may be safe from them,) a stranger, like Sálih among Thamood]: تداركها اللّٰه is a prayer for the people, meaning ادركها ↓ اللّٰه ونجّاهم من لومهم [i. e.

لُؤْمِهِمْ]: or it may be an imprecation against them, i. e. اللّٰه بالاهلاك لِأَنْجُوَ منهم ↓ ادركهم: [each meaning as explained above:] and IJ says that because of this verse the poet was named المتنبّى. (W p. 35. [The verse there commences with أَنَا; but أَنَ is required by the metre, and is more approved in every case except the case of a pause.]) It is mostly used in relation to aid, or relief, and benefaction: [so that it signifies He aided, or relieved, him; he benefited him; he repaired his, or its, condition; he repaired, amended, corrected, or rectified, it:] whence the saying of a poet, تَدَارَكَنِى مِنْ عَثْرَةِ الدَّهْرِ قَاسِمٌ بِمَا شَآءَ مِنْ مَعْرُوفِهِ المُتَدارِكِ [Kásim relieved me, or has relieved me, from the slip of fortune with what he pleased of his relieving, or continuous, beneficence]. (TA.) [See also, in the first paragraph of art. دق, another example, in a verse of Zuheyr, which is cited in that art. and the present in the TA: and see the syn. تَلَافَاهُ. Hence,] تَدَارَكْتُ مَا فَاتَ i. q. استدركتهُ, q. v. (S, Msb, TA.) 8 اِدَّرَكَ: see 4, first and second sentences: b2: and near the end of the paragraph: b3: and see also 6, first sentence.10 استدرك الشَّىْءَ بِالشَّىءِ [properly] signifies بِهِ ↓ حَاوَلَ إِدْرَاكَهُ [i. e. He sought, or endeavoured, to follow up the thing with the thing]: (K:) as, for instance, الخَطَأَ بِالصَّوَابِ [the mistake with what was right]. (TK.) [Hence,] you say, اِسْتَدْرَكْتُ مَافَاتَ [I repaired, amended, corrected, or rectified, what had passed neglected by me, or by another; and I supplied what had so passed, or what had escaped me, or another, through inadvertence]; and ↓ تَدَارَكْتُهُ signifies the same [in relation to language and to other things; whereas the former verb is generally restricted to relation to language or to a writer or speaker]. (S, Msb.) You say also, استدرك عَلَيْهِ قَوْلَهُ He corrected, or rectified, what was wrong, or erroneous, in his saying: [but more commonly, he supplied what he had omitted in his saying; generally meaning, what he had omitted through inadvertence: and اِسْتَدْرَكْتُهُ عَلَيْه I subjoined it, or appended it, to what he had written, or said, by way of emendation; or, more commonly, as a supplement, i. e., to supply what had escaped him, or what he had neglected:] and hence, عَلَى البُخَارِىِّ ↓ المُسْتَدْرَكُ [The Supplement to ElBukháree; a work supplying omissions of ElBukháree;] by El-Hákim. (TA.) [Thus]

اِسْتِدْرَاكٌ signifies The annulling a presumption, or surmise, originating from what has been before said, [by correcting an error, or errors, or by supplying a defect, or defects,] in a manner resembling the making an exception. (Kull.) [Hence حَرْفُ اسْتِدْرَاكٍ, meaning A particle of emendation, applied to بَلْ, and to لٰكِنَّ or لٰكِنْ.]

دَرْكٌ: see the next paragraph, in eight places.

دَرَكٌ The act of attaining, reaching, or overtaking; syn. لَحَاقٌ; (K, TA; [in the CK, اللِّحاقُ is erroneously put for اللَّحَاقُ;]) [properly an inf. n. of the unused verb دَرَكَ (q. v.), but, having no used verb, said to be] a noun from الإِدْرَاكُ [with which it is syn.], (TA,) or a noun from أَدْرَكْتُ الشَّىْءَ; as also ↓ دَرْكٌ: and hence ضَمَانٌ الدَّرَكِ [which see in what follows]. (Msb.) [Hence,] لَا تَخَافُ دَرَكًا, in the Kur [xx. 80.], means Thou shalt not fear Pharaoh's overtaking thee. (TA.) One says also الطَّريدَةِ ↓ فَرَسٌ دَرْكُ, meaning A horse that overtakes what is hunted; like as they said فَرَسٌ قَيْدُ الأَوَابِدِ. (TA.) b2: b3: Also The attainment, or acquisition, of an object of want: and the seeking the attainment or acquisition thereof: as in the saying, بَكِّرْ فَفِيهِ دَرَكٌ [Be thou early; for therein is attainment, &c.]: and ↓ دَرْكٌ signifies the same. (Lth, TA.) [Hence, perhaps,] يَوْمُ الدَّرِكَ: this was [a day of contest] between El-Ows and El-Khazraj: (K:) thought to be so by IDrd. (TA.) b4: And i. q. تَبِعَةٌ [i. e. A consequence; generally meaning an evil consequence: and perhaps it also means here a claim which one seeks to obtain for an injury]: as also ↓ دَرْكٌ. (S, K.) One says, مَا لَحِقَكَ مِنْ دَرَكٍ فَعَلَىِّ خَلَاصُهُ (S, TA) and ↓ من دَرْكٍ [i. e. Whatever evil consequence ensue to thee, on me be the compensation thereof]: in the A, ما أَدْرَكَهُ من دَرَكٍ فعلىّ خلاصه i. e. مَا يَلْحَقُهُ مِنْ تَبِعَةٍ

[Whatever evil consequence ensue to it, &c.; relating to a thing sold]. (TA.) And hence ضَمَانُ الدَّرَكِ in the case of a claim for indemnification for a fault of a defect or an imperfection in a thing sold [meaning either Responsibility, or indemnification, (see ضَمَانٌ,) for evil consequence]: (TA in the present art:) or this means [indemnification for evil consequence in a sale; i. e., virtually,] the returning of the price to the purchaser on the occasion of requirement by the thing sold: the vulgar say incorrectly [ضَمَان دَرَك, and still more incorrectly] ضُمَان دَرَك [generally meaning thereby I sell this, or I purchase this, on the condition of responsibility, or indemnification, for any fault or defect or imperfection that may be found in it]: (TA in art. ضمن:) [and in this manner ضَمَانُ الدَّرَكِ may be correctly rendered; for] دَرَكٌ also signifies a fault or a defect or an imperfection [in a thing sold]; for instance, in a slave that is sold. (TA in art. عهد.) [In the KT, الدَّرَكُ is also explained as signifying The purchaser's taking from the seller a pledge for the price that he has given him, in fear that the thing sold may require it: but this seems to be an explanation of the case in which the word is used; not of the word itself.]

A2: Also A rope, (M, K,) or a piece of rope, (S,) that is tied upon the [lower] extremity of the main rope (S, M, K) of a well, to the cross pieces of wood of the bucket, (S,) so as to be that which is next the water, (S, M, K,) in order that the main rope may not rot (S, M) in the drawing of water: (M:) or a doubled rope that is tied to the cross pieces of wood of the bucket, and then to the main wellrope: (Az, TA:) and ↓ دَرْكٌ signifies the same. (K. [But only دَرَكٌ is authorized by the TA in this sense.]) [See also كَرَبٌ.] b2: Also, and ↓ دَرْكٌ, The bottom, or lowest depth, (Sh, T, S, M, K,) of a thing, (T, M, K,) as of the sea and the like, (T,) or of anything deep, as a well and the like: (Sh:) pl. أَدْرَاكٌ, (K,) a pl. of both, of a form frequent and analogous with respect to the former, but extr. with respect to the latter; and دَرَكَاتٌ also. (TA.) And A stage of Hell: (IAar:) a stage downwards: (MA:) or stages downwards; like دَرَكَاتٌ: (B:) opposed to دَرَجٌ (MA, B) and دَرَجَاتٌ, (B,) which are upwards: wherefore, (MA, B,) the abodes of Hell, or the stages thereof, are termed دَرَكَاتٌ; (AO, S, MA, K, B;) [Golius and Freytag give دَرَكَةٌ as its sing.; the former as from the S, and the latter as from the K, in neither of which it is found;] and those of Paradise, دَرَجَاتٌ. (S, MA, B.) It is said in the Kur [iv. 144], إِنَّ الْمُنَافِقِينَ فِىالدَّرَكِ الْأَسْفَلِ مِنَ النَّارِ [Verily the hypocrites shall be in the lowest stage of the fire of Hell]: here the Koofees, except two, read ↓ فى الدَّرْكِ. (TA.) b3: [Golius gives another signification, “Pars terræ,” as on the authority of the S and K, in neither of which it is found.]

دِرْكَةٌ The ring of the bow-string, (K, TA,) that falls into the notch of the bow. (TA.) b2: and A thong that is joined to the string of the bow, (K,) of the Arabian bow. (TA.) b3: And A piece that is joined to the girdle when it is too short, (Lh, K,) and in like manner, to a rope, or cord, when it is too short. (Lh, TA.) دَرَاكِ an imperative verbal noun, (S,) meaning أَدْرِكْ [Attain thou, reach thou, overtake thou, &c.]: (K:) form the unused verb دَرَكَ: (IB:) like تَرَاكِ [from تَرَكَ], meaning أُتْرُكْ. (TA.) دِرَاكٌ [an inf. n. of 3, used in the sense of the part. n. ↓ مُتَدَارِكٌ]. You say, طَعَنَهُ طَعْنًا دِرَاكًا He thrust him, or pierced him, with an uninterrupted thrusting or piercing: and شَرِبَ شُرْبًا دِرَاكًا He drank with an uninterrupted drinking: and ضَرْبٌ دِرَاكٌ An uninterrupted beating or striking. (TA.) دِرَاكَةٌ: see مَدْرَكٌ.

دَرِيكَةٌ i. q. طَرِيدَةٌ [as meaning An animal that is hunted]. (S, K.) دَرَّاكٌ an epithet from أَدْرَكَ, (S, Kudot;,) applied to a man, (K,) and signifying كَثِيرُ الإِدْرَاكِ [i. e. One who attains, reaches, or overtakes, &c., much, or often: and also having much, or great, or strong, perception: as will be seen from what follows]: (S, TA:) and so ↓ مُدْرِكٌ [expressly said in the TA to signify كثير الادراك, though why it should have this signification as well as that (which it certainly has) of simply attaining &c., I cannot see,] and ↓ مُدْرِكَةٌ: (K, TA:) the last explained by Lh as signifying سَرِيعُ الإِدْرَاكِ [i. e. quick in attaining, &c.]. (TA.) Keys Ibn-Rifá'ah says, ↓ وَصَاحِبُ الوِتْرِ لَيْسَ الدَّهْرَ مُدْرِكَهُ عِنْدِى وَإِنِّى لَدَرَّاكٌ بِأَوْتَارِ [And he who has a claim for blood-revenge is not ever an attainer of it with (meaning from) me; but verily I am one who often attains bloodrevenges]. (IB.) Seldom does فَعَّالٌ come from أَفْعَلَ; but they sometimes said حَسَّاسٌ دَرَّاكٌ [i. e. Having much, or great, or strong, perception]; it being [in this instance] a dialectal syn. [of حسّاس], or thus for conformity: (S:) it is said to be the only instance of فَعَّالٌ from أَفْعَلَ except جَبَّارٌ and سَأّرٌ; [and some other instances might be added; but all of them require consideration:] accord. to IB, درّاك is from the unused verb دَرَكَ. (TA.) مَدْرَكٌ: see مُدْرَكٌ b2: لَهُ مَدْرَكٌ [if not a mistranscription for مُدْرِكٌ or مُدْرَكٌ] means He has a sense in excess; [app. a preternatural perception, or a second sight;] and so ↓ دِرَاكَةٌ. (TA.) مُدْرَكٌ A place, and a time, of إِدْرَاكٌ [i. e. attaining, reaching, overtaking, &c.]. (Msb.) Hence مَدَارِكُ الشَّرْعِ; (Mgh, Msb;) among which is included investigation of the law by means of reason and comparison; (Mgh;) i. e. The sources from which are sought the ordinances of the law; where one seeks for guidance by means of texts [of the Kur-án or the Sunneh] and by means of investigation by reason and comparison: (Msb:) the lawyers make the sing. to be ↓ مَدْرَكٌ; (Mgh, * Msb;) but there is no way of resolving this: (Msb:) correctly, by rule, it is مُدْرَكٌ; because the meaning intended is a place of إِدْرَاك. (Mgh.) b2: [Also pass. part. n. of 4. b3: And hence, Perceived by means of any of the senses; like مَحْسُوسٌ: and perceived by the intellect; thus opposed to مَحْسُوسٌ.]

مُدْرِكٌ: see دَرَّاكٌ, in two places. b2: [القُوَّةُ المُدْرِكَةُ, and simply المُدْرِكَةُ, as a subst., The perceptive faculty of the mind. See also what next follows.]

مُدْرِكَةٌ: see دَرَّاكٌ. b2: [See also مُدْرِكٌ.] b3: المُدْرِكَاتُ الخَمْسُ and المَدَارِكُ الخَمْسُ signify The five senses. (TA.) [See also مَدْرَكٌ.]

A2: Also The حَجْمَة [a word I do not find in any other instance, app. a mistranscription for مَحْجَمَة (which when written with the article differs very little from the former word) i. e. the place to which the cupping-vessel is applied, for this is often] between the two shoulder-blades: (K:) so says Ibn-'Abbád. (TA.) مُدَارِكَةٌ A woman (TA) that will not be satiated with coitus; (K, TA;) as though her fits of appetency were consecutive. (TA.) مُتَدَارِكٌ Uninterrupted; or closely consecutive in its parts, or portions: differing from مُتَوَاتِرٌ, which is applied to a thing in the case of which there are small intervals. (Lh.) See also دِرَاكٌ. b2: Applied to a rhyme, (Lth, M, K,) and to a word, (Lth, TA,) Having two movent letters followed by a quiescent letter; as فَعُوْ and the like: (Lth, TA:) or having two movent letters between two quiescent letters; as مُتَفَاعِلُنْ, (M, K,) and مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ, and مَفَاعِلُنْ, (M, TA,) and فَعُولُنْ فَعَلْ, (M, K,) i. e. as فَعَلْ when immemediately following a quiescent letter, (M, TA,) and فَعُولُ فُلْ, (M, K,) i. e. as فُلْ with a movent letter immediately followed by it: (M, TA:) as though the vowel-sounds overtook one another without an obstacle between the two movent letters. (M, K.) b3: [المُتَدَارِكُ is also the name of The sixteenth metre of verse; the measure of which consists of فَاعِلُنْ eight times.]

مُسْتَدْرَكٌ [A supplement]: see 10. b2: [In the TA and some other similar works, it is often used as signifying Superfluous, or redundant.]

دلق

1 دَلَقَ as an intrans. verb: see 7, in three places.

A2: دَلَقَهُ, (S, K,) aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. دَلْقٌ, (S,) He made it (a sword) to slip forth from its scabbard: (S:) or he drew it forth, or made it to come forth; namely, a sword, from its scabbard: (K:) and [in like manner] ↓ ادلقهُ he drew it forth, or made it to come forth; (K;) namely, a sword, &c.; (TA;) as also ↓ استدلقهُ (K) and استذلقهُ. (TA.) Hence, in a trad. of 'Alee, المَطَرُ ↓ جِئْتُ وَقَدْ أَذْلَقَنِى I came, the rain having drawn me forth, or having made me to come forth. (TA.) And الحَشَرَاتِ ↓ المَطَرُ يَسْتَدْلِقُ The rain draws forth the reptiles, or small creeping things, or makes them to come forth, from their holes; as also يستذلقها. (TA.) b2: You say also, جَآءَ وَقَدْ دَلَقَ لِجَامَهُ, [as to the letter and the meaning like جَآءَ وَقَدْ لَفَظَ لِجَامَهُ,] i. e. (assumed tropical:) He came harassed, or distressed, by thirst and fatigue. (TA.) b3: And دَلَقُوا عَلَيْهِمُ الغَارَةَ They scattered, or poured forth, upon them the horsemen making a sudden attack and engaging in conflict, or the horsemen urging their horses. (TA.) b4: and دَلَقَ بَابَهُ, inf. n. as above, He opened his door vehemently. (TA.) A3: دَلِقَتِ النَّابُ The aged she-camel lost her teeth by reason of extreme age; like دَلِصَت. (TA in art. دلص.) 4 أَدْلَقَ see 1, in two places.5 تَدَلَّقَ see the next paragraph.7 اندلق It (a sword) came forth (S, Msb, K) from its scabbard (Msb) without being drawn: (S, Msb, K:) or became loose, and so came forth, and came forth quickly: (TA:) and in like manner, its scabbard became slit, (S,) or it slit its scabbard, (K,) so that it came forth from it: (S, K:) or it fell from its scabbard, and came forth, without being drawn; (Har p. 386;) and so ↓ دَلَقَ, inf. n. دُلُوقٌ (TA, and Har ubi suprà) and دَلْقٌ: (TA:) which also signifies it (a thing) came forth, or issued, from its place of egress quickly: (TA:) and [in like manner] the former verb signifies it (a thing) came forth, or issued, from its place: (A 'Obeyd, K:) it (anything) came forth, or issued, or fell out. (S.) You say, طَعَنَهُ فَانْدَلَقَتْ أَقْتَابُ بَطْنِهِ He pierced him, and the intestines of his belly came forth. (S.) And اندلقت الخَيْلُ (S, TA) The horses, or horsemen, came forth, or issued, and hastened: (TA:) and الخَيْلُ ↓ دَلَقَتِ The horses, or horsemen, came forth, or issued, consecutively, or uninterruptedly. (TA.) b2: It (a torrent) came suddenly, or unawares, عَلَى قَوْمٍ upon a people, or party: (S:) or rushed, or became impelled, or poured forth as though impelled, (K, TA,) عَلَيْهِمٌ upon them; (TA;) as also ↓ تدلّق: (K:) or came, or advanced: (Msb:) and [in like manner]

عَلَيْهِمٌ ↓ دَلَقَ. (JK.) b3: He preceded: (S:) or went before and away. (TA.) You say, اِنْدَلَقَ مِنْ بَيْنِ أَصْحَابِهِ He went before and away from among his companions. (TA.) b4: It was, or became, flabby and prominent; said of a belly; (TA in the present art.;) or, accord. to Naseer, said of the belly of a woman, like اندلع, meaning it became large and flabby. (TA in art. دلع.) b5: It (a door) shut again (اِنْصَفَقَ) when opened; would not remain open. (TA.) 10 إِسْتَدْلَقَ see 1, in two places.

دَلَقٌ, a Persian word (S, Msb) arabicized, (S, Msb, K,) originally دَلَهٌ; (Msb, K;) [A species of weasel; accord. to some, app., the common weasel;] a certain small beast (دُوَيْبَّةٌ, S, Msb, K) like the سَمُّور [or sable], (K,) or like the cat, having a long back, [of the coat] of which are made fur garments: some say that it is the [animal called] اِبْن مِقْرَض [q. v.; and this is agreeable with the description of Kzw, who says that it is “ a certain wild animal, an enemy to pigeons, likened to the cat, which, when it enters a pigeonhouse, leaves not in it anything, and abundant in Egypt; ” a description altogether applicable to the common weasel, now generally called اِبْن نِمْس]: some say that it resembles the عِرْس [or ichneumon]: some, that it is the Greek ichneumon (نِمْس رُومِىّ): (Msb in the present art.:) accord. to IF, the [common] نِمْس. (Msb in art. نمس.) b2: [Also, from the same Persian original, in post-classical times, but variously pronounced by moderns, دَلَقٌ and ↓ دَلِقٌ and دَلْقٌ and (now generally by the vulgar) دِلْقٌ; the third being perhaps a contraction of the first, like as شَعْرٌ is of شَعَرٌ, or, as also the fourth, of the second, like as كَتْفٌ and كِتْفٌ are contractions of كَتِفٌ; A certain kind of garment; first probably applied to one made of the fur of the animal so called: then applied to a kind of garment formerly worn by the kádees and other 'ulamà and the khateebs of mosques, (see De Sacy's Chrest. Ar., 2nd ed., vol. ii. pp. 267-269,) and by other persons of religious orders: and lastly, to a kind of patched garment worn by many devotees, reputed saints, and darweeshes; also called مُرَقَّعَةٌ (q. v.) and خِرْقَةٌ. It occurs in a piece of post-classical poetry, quoted in p. 45 of the Arabic text of the vol. of the Chrest. above referred to, necessarily with the ل quiescent; probably by poetic license, or in conformity with the common vulgar pronunciation.]

دَلِقٌ: see دَلُوقٌ: A2: and see also دَلَقٌ.

دَلْقَآءُ: see دَلُوقٌ, in four places.

دِلْقَمٌ: see what next follows, in three places.

دَلُوقٌ A sword that comes forth easily from its scabbard; as also ↓ دَالِقٌ (S, K) and ↓ دَلِقٌ (IDrd, K) and ↓ دَلْقَآءُ: (K:) [which last is strange, and requires consideration; being fem., whereas سَيْفٌ (a sword) is masc.:] all, applied to a sword, signify that comes forth from its scabbard without being drawn; and that which does so is the best of swords. (TA.) [For the pl., see what follows.] b2: غَارَةٌ دَلُوقٌ (S, K) and دُلُقٌ, (TA,) and خَيْلٌ دُلُقٌ and ↓ مُنْدَلِقَةٌ, (S,) [Horsemen making a sudden attack and engaging in conflict, or horsemen urging their horses, and simply horsemen, or horses,] rushing vehemently: (S, K, TA:) دُلُقٌ is pl. of دَلُوقٌ and of ↓ دَالِقٌ having the same signification. (TA.) A2: Also, and ↓ دَلْقَآءُ and ↓ دِلْقِمٌ, with an augmentative م, (S, K,) like as one says دَقْعَآءُ and دِقْعِمٌ, and دَرْدَآءُ and دِرْدِمٌ, (S,) and ↓ دِلْقَمٌ, (TA,) A she-camel having her teeth broken by old age (S, K) so that she spirts out water [after drinking]. (S, TA.) A poet, cited by Yaakoob, says, لَا سِنَّ لَهَا ↓ شَارِفٌ دَلْقَآءُ تَحْمِلُ الأَعْبَآءَ مِنْ عَهْدِ إِرَمْ [Old and decrepit, having her teeth broken by old age so that water falls from her mouth when she drinks, having no tooth left, carrying burdens from the time of Irem, i. e. Aram the son of Shem the son of Noah]: and ↓ شَارِفٌ دَلْقَآءُ occurs in a trad. as meaning having the teeth broken so that water falls from her mouth when she drinks: (TA:) [but] Az says that one applies to the she-camel, after what is termed بُزُولٌ, the epithet شَارِفٌ; then, عَوْزَمْ; then, لِطْلِطٌ then, جَحْمَرِشٌ; then, جَعْمَآءُ; and then, ↓دِلْقِمٌ, when having her teeth (أَضْرَاس) fallen out by reason of extreme old age. (S, TA.) [See also art. دلقم.]

دَالِقٌ: see دَلُوقٌ, in two places. b2: Also Preceding; going before. (TA.) خَيْلٌ مُنْدَلِقَةٌ: see دَلُوقٌ.

دفع

1 دَفَعَهُ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. دَفْعٌ (Msb, K) and دَفَاعٌ (TA) and مَدْفَعٌ, (K,) [He impelled it, pushed it, thrust it, or drove it; and particularly, so as to remove it from its place; he propelled it; he repelled, or repulsed, it; he pushed it, thrust it, or drove it, away, or back;] he put it away, or removed it from its place, (Msb, TA,) by, or with, force, or strength: (TA:) or دَفْعٌ signifies the putting away or removing or turning back a thing before the coming or arriving [of that thing]; like as رَفْعٌ signifies the “ putting away or removing or turning back ” a thing “ after the coming or arriving ” thereof. (Kull p. 185.) Hence the saying in the Kur [ii. 252, and xxii. 41], وَلَوْ لَا دَفْعُ اللّٰهِ النَّاسَ [and were it not for God's repelling men]; where some read ↓ دِفَاعُ [which means the same, as will be seen in the course of what follows, though bearing also another interpretation, likewise to be seen in what follows]. (TA.) You say, دَفَعْتُ الرَّجُلَ [I impelled, pushed, &c., the man]. (S.) And ↓ دافعهُ, inf. n. دِفَاعٌ [and مُدَافَعَةٌ]; and ↓ دفّعهُ; (TA;) [both, app., accord. to the TA, signifying the same; but the latter more properly relates to several objects together, or signifies he impelled it, pushed it, &c., much, or vehemently, or often; whereas] مُدَافَعَةٌ (K, TA) and دِفَاعٌ (TA) are [often exactly] syn. with دَفْعٌ. (K, TA.) Thus, (TA,) you say, as meaning the same, عَنْهُ ↓ دافع and دَفَعَ [He repelled from him; whence another explanation of these two phrases, which see in what follows]. (S, TA.) And hence, دَفَعَ اللّٰهُ عَنْكَ المَكْرُوهَ, inf. n. دَفْعٌ, (tropical:) [May God repel, or avert, from thee what is disliked, or hated, or evil]: (TA:) and اللّٰهُ عَنْكَ السُّوْءَ ↓ دَافَعَ, inf. n. دِفَاعٌ, (tropical:) [May God repel, or avert, from thee evil]. (S, TA.) And دَفَعْتُ عَنْهُ الأَذَى (tropical:) [I repelled, or averted, from him what was hurtful, or annoying; as also ↓ دَافَعْتُ]. (Msb, K, TA.) Sb mentions, as a saying of the Arabs, اِدْفَعِ الشَّرَّ وَلَوْ إِصْبَعًا (tropical:) [Repel thou, or avert thou, evil, or mischief, though but with a finger: the last word being in the accus. case by reason of the subaudition of the prep. ب; the meaning being بِإِصْبَعٍ]. (TA.) [See also an ex. voce دَفُوعٌ.] When دَفْعٌ is made trans. by means of عَنْ, [and has a single objective complement, a second objective complement is understood, and in general] it has the meaning or the act of (assumed tropical:) Defending; as in the Kur [xxii. 39], إِنَّ اللّٰهَ يَدْفَعُ عَنْ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا (assumed tropical:) [Verily God defendeth those who have believed; i. e. repelleth from them aggression and the like]; (B;) and ↓ يُدَافِعُ, in the same, (K, TA,) accord. to another reading, signifies the same; (K, TA;) or this latter signifies (assumed tropical:) defendeth energetically, with the energy of him who contendeth for superiority in so doing. (Bd.) And عَنْهُ ↓ دَافَعْتُ signifies [also] (assumed tropical:) I pleaded, or contended in arguments, in defence of him. (Msb.) [Exceptions to the statement cited above form the B will be found in what follows in this paragraph; and another exception, voce مُدَفَّعٌ.] b2: [In the exs. which follow, the verb is used in senses little differing, essentially, from those assigned to it in the first sentence of this art.] b3: دَفَعْتُ مِنَ الإِنَآءِ دَفَْعَةً [I poured forth from the vessel a single pouring]: the last word, which is with fet-h, is an inf. n. [of un.]. (Msb.) b4: دَفَعَتِ اللِّبَأَفِى

ضَرْعِهَا قُبَيْلَ النِّتَاجِ (tropical:) [She (a ewe, or goat, S, or a camel, S, K) infused the first milk into her udder, i. e. secreted it therein, a little before bringing forth]. (S, K.) And دَفَعَتِ اللَّبَنِ عَلَى

رَأْسِ وَلَدِهَا لِكَثْرَتِهِ (tropical:) [She (a ewe or goat, or a camel, TA) secreted the milk in her udder when about to produce her young, by reason of its abundance]; for the milk becomes abundant in her udder only when she is about to bring forth: the inf. n. [app. the inf. n. of un.] is دَفْعَةٌ. (TA.) And دَفَعَتْ alone, said of a ewe or goat, signifies (assumed tropical:) She secreted milk in her udder when about to produce the young; expl. by أَضْرَعَتْ عَلَى رَأْسِ الوَلَدِ [which see in art. ضرع]. (S, TA.) Accord. to En-Nadr, one says دَفَعَتْ بِلَبِنِهَا, and بِاللَّبَنِ, when her young is in her belly; but when she has brought forth, one does not say دَفَعَتْ. (TA.) b5: In the saying, غَشِيِتْنَا سَحَابَةٌ فَدَفَعْنَاهَا إِلَى غَيْرِنَا [lit. A cloud overspread us, and we drove it away to other persons], meaning (tropical:) it departed from us to other persons, دفعناها is for دَفَعَتْنَا, which means دُفِعَتْ عَنَّا [lit. it was driven away from us]. (TA.) b6: دَفَعَهُ بِحُجَّةٍ (assumed tropical:) [He refelled him, or refuted him, by an argument or the like]. (MF in art. كفح.) b7: دَفَعْتُ القَوْلَ (assumed tropical:) I rebutted the saying; repelled it by an argument, an allegation, or a proof. (Msb.) b8: اِدْفَعْ هٰذَا (tropical:) Leave thou this, sparing him. (As, TA.) [See مُدَفَّعٌ.]

b9: [In several exs. here following, the verb resembles اندفع; نَفْسَهُ, or the like, being understood after it.] b10: دَفَعَ المَآءُ [The water poured out, or forth, as though it impelled, or propelled, itself]: (TA: [where it is followed by وَانْصَبَّ, as an explicative adjunct:]) and so السَّيْلُ [the torrent]. (ISh.) [See also 6.] And دَفَعَ الوَادِى

بِالمَآءِ [The valley poured with water]. (TA in art. حشك.) b11: دَفَعَ فِى عَدْوِهِ (assumed tropical:) [He pushed, or pressed, on, or forward, as though he impelled himself, in his running]. (S in art. غور; &c.) [See also 7.] b12: دَفَعَ القَوْمُ (assumed tropical:) The people, or company of men, came at once. (Msb.) b13: دَفَعَ إِلَى

المَكَانِ, (TA,) and دُفِعَ إِلَيْهِ, (Msb, TA,) in the pass. form, (Msb,) (tropical:) He reached, or came to, the place. (Msb, TA.) You say also, هٰذَا طَرِيقٌ يَدْفَعُ

إِلَى مَكَانِ كَذَا (tropical:) This is a road which reaches to such a place. (TA.) b14: دَفَعَ مِنْ عَرَفَاتٍ (assumed tropical:) He commenced the journey from 'Arafát, and impelled and removed himself thence, or impelled his she-camel, and urged her to go. (TA, from a trad.) And دَفَعْتُ عَنِ المَوْضِعِ (assumed tropical:) I removed, went, went away, or journeyed, from the place. (Msb.) [See again 7.] b15: دَفَعَ also signifies (assumed tropical:) He returned. (MF.) b16: When دَفْعٌ is made trans. by means of إِلَى, it [generally, but not always, as has been shown above,] has the meaning of the act of Giving, or delivering; as in the Kur [iv. 5], فَادْفَعُوا إِلَيْهِمْ أَمْوَالَهُمْ [Then give ye, or deliver ye, to them their property]. (B.) You say, دَفَعْتُ

إِلَىى فُلَانٍ شَيْئًا [I gave, or delivered, to such a one a thing]. (S, K. *) And دَفَعْتُ الوَدِيعَةَ إِلَى صَاحِبِهَا I restored the deposit to its owner. (Msb.) and دَفَعْتُ لَهُ قِطْعَةً مِنَ المَالِ [I gave him a part, or portion, of the property]. (S in art. زعب; and the like is said in that art. in the K.) And دَفَعَهُ [alone] He gave it; syn. أَعْطَاهُ. (Er-Rághib, MF.) 2 دَفَّعَ see 1; fourth sentence. b2: دفّعهُ إِلَى كَذَا (tropical:) He drove him, compelled him, or necessitated him, to do, or to have recourse to, such a thing. (TA.) b3: دفّعهُ also signifies He rendered him abject and contemptible, or poor; as though deserving to be repelled. (Ibn-Maaroof, as cited by Golius.) [See the pass. part. n., below.] b4: دفّع قَوْسَهُ (assumed tropical:) He made his bow even. (AHn, TA.) 3 مُدَافَعَةٌ [in its primary acceptation] signifies The contending, or striving, with another, to push him, or repel him; or the pushing, or repelling, another, being pushed, or repelled, by him; or the pushing against another; syn. مُزَاحَمَةٌ. (TA.) [Hence, يُدَافِعُ الأَخْبَثَيْنِ He is striving to suppress the urine and ordure: see أَخْبَثُ. And مُدَافَعَةُ العَيْشِ The striving to retain life: see 2 in art. زلج. b2: But it is often used in the same sense as دَفْعٌ:] see the verb and its two inf. ns. in seven places in the former half of the first paragraph of this article. b3: Also (assumed tropical:) i. q. مُمَاطَلَةٌ: (S, K, TA:) in some of the copies of the S, مُطَاوَلَةٌ. (TA.) You say, دَافَعْتُهُ بِحَقِّهِ, (JM, TA,) or عَنْ حَقِّهِ, (Msb,) (assumed tropical:) I deferred with him, delayed with him, or put him off, in the matter of his right, or due, by promising time after time to render it to him; [and so repelled him, or strove to repel him, from it;] syn. مَاطَلْتُهُ. (JM, Msb, TA.) And دافع بِحَاجَتِهِ (assumed tropical:) He deferred, delayed, postponed, or put off, his (another's) needful affair. (L in art. رثد.) b4: دافع الرَّجُلُ أَمْرَ كَذَا (assumed tropical:) The man attached, or devoted, himself to such an affair, and exerted himself, and persisted, or persevered, in it. (TA.) 5 تَدَفَّعَ see 6, and 7.6 تدافعوا [They contended, or strove, together, to push, or repel, one another; or] they pushed, or repelled, one another; or pushed against one another. (Msb.) You say, تدافعوا فِى الحَرْبِ They pushed, thrust, or repelled, one another in war, or battle. (S, K.) b2: [Hence,] تدافع الكَلَامَانِ (assumed tropical:) The two sayings, or sentences, opposed, or contradicted, each other; conflicted; were mutually repugnant. (Msb in art. نقض.) b3: تدافع السَّيْلُ (tropical:) The torrent was impelled, driven, or propelled, in its several parts, or portions, by the impetus of one part, or portion, acting upon another; and in like manner, [or as signifying it became impelled, driven, or propelled,] ↓ اندفع, and [in an intensive sense] ↓ تدفّع. (TA.) [See also دَفَعَ.

السَّيْلُ.] b4: تدافع جَرْىُ الفَرَسِ [in like manner signifies (assumed tropical:) The running of the horse continued by successive impulses, his force of motion in each part of his course impelling him through the next]. (TA.) b5: See also 7.

A2: [It is also trans.] You say, تدافعوا الشَّىْءَ They repelled the thing, every one of them from himself. (TA.) And ضَيْفٌ يَتَدافَعُهُ الحَىُّ [A guest whom the tribe repel, or repulse, every one of them from himself]. (IDrd, K.) 7 اندفع is quasi-pass. of دَفَعَهُ; (S, K, TA;) and ↓ تدفّع is quasi-pass. of دفّعهُ; and ↓ تدافع is quasi-pass. of دافعهُ: but all three are used in the same sense: see 6: (TA:) [the first, however, primarily signifies He, or it, became impelled, pushed, thrust, or driven; and particularly, so as to be removed from his, or its, place; became propelled; became repelled; became impelled, pushed, thrust, or driven, away, or back, or onwards; became put away, or removed from its place; as is implied in the S and K and TA: whereas the second, properly, has an intensive signification: and the third properly denotes the acting of two or more persons or things, or of several parts or portions of a thing, against, or upon, one another; as is shown by exs. and explanations above: though the second and third are often used in the primary sense of the first.] b2: [Hence,] اندفع also signifies (assumed tropical:) He went away into the country, or land, in any manner: (Lth:) or, said of a horse [&c.], (tropical:) he [or it] went quickly or swiftly (S, K, TA) [as though impelled or propelled; pressed, or pushed, on, or forward; rushed; launched, or broke, forth; it poured forth with vehemence, as though impelled: see 1, which has a similar meaning, particularly in the phrases دَفَعَ المَآءُ, and السَّيْلُ, and دَفَعَ فِى عَدْوِهِ, &c.]. b3: اندفع فِى, الحَدِيثِ, (S, K, TA,) and فِى الإِنْشَادِ, (TA,) (tropical:) He pushed on, or pressed on, in discourse, and in reciting poetry; or entered thereinto; or launched forth, or out, thereinto; or was large, or copious, or profuse, therein; or dilated therein; or began it, commenced it, or entered upon it; syn. أَفَاضَ فِيهِ. (K, TA.) And اندفع فِى الضَّحِكِ [He broke forth into laughing]. (JK in art. بوق.) b4: [اندفع فِى

الطَّعَامِ (assumed tropical:) He fell to eating of the food; or applied himself eagerly to it.] b5: اندفع فِىالأَمْرِ (tropical:) He acted with penetrating energy, or sharpness, vigorousness, and effectiveness, in the affair; syn. مَضَى فِيهِ. (A, TA.) 10 اِسْتَدْفَعْتُ اللّٰهَ الأَسْوَآءَ (tropical:) I asked, or begged, God to repel from me evils. (S, K.) دَفْعٌ [see 1. Used as a simple subst., it signifies Impulsion; or the act of pushing, thrusting, or driving; and particularly, so as to remove a thing from its place; propulsion; repulsion; &c.].

دَفْعَةٌ A single impulsion; a push, a thrust, or single act of driving; and particularly, so as to remove a thing from its place; a single propulsion; a single repulsion: (S, * Msb, K, * TA:) [it is an inf. n. of un. of 1 in all its senses; and thus,] it signifies also a single act of pouring: [&c.:] pl. دَفَعَاتٌ. (Msb.) You say, دَفَعَهُ دَفْعَةً, i. e. [He impelled, &c., him, or it,] once [or with a single impulsion, &c.]. (TK.) And دَفَعْتُ مِنَ الإِنَآءِ دَفْعَةً, i. e. [I poured forth from the vessel] a single pouring. (Msb.) b2: [As an inf. n. of un. of 1,] it also signifies (assumed tropical:) A coming of the collective body of a people, or party of men, to a place at once. (TA.) b3: [Also (assumed tropical:) A heat, a single course, or one unintermitted act, of running, or the like.]

دُفْعَةٌ A quantity that pours forth, or out, at once, from a skin, or vessel: (Lth, K:) a quantity poured forth, or out, at once, (Msb,) [or with vehemence, being] syn. with دُفْقَةٌ. (IF, S, Msb, K, [in the CK with ع in the place of the ق,]) of rain, [i. e. a shower, fall, or storm, as meaning the quantity that falls without intermission,] (IF, S, Msb, K,) and [a gush] of blood, (IF, Msb,) &c.: (IF, S, Msb:) it is also [used as signifying the tide] of a valley, (K in art. طحم,) and [the tide, or rush,] of a torrent, (S and K in that art.,) and [the rush, or irruption,] of a troop of horses or horsemen, (S and K in art. دلق, &c.,) and [the irruption, or invasion,] of night: (S and K in art. طحم:) pl. دُفَعٌ (Msb, K) and دُفَعَاتٌ and دُفُعَاتٌ and دُفْعَاتٌ. (Msb.) You say, بَقِىَفِى الإِنَآءِ دُفْعَةٌ There remained in the vessel as much as one pours out at once. (Msb.) b2: Also A part, or portion, that is given, of property. (S in art. زعب.) دِفَاعُ, determinate, as a proper name, The ewe: (Ibn-'Abbád, K:) so called because she pushes her thigh this way and that by reason of bulkiness. (Ibn-'Abbád, TA.) دَفُوعٌ and ↓ مِدْفَعٌ [That impels, pushes, thrusts, drives, propels, or repels, much, or vehemently:] both signify the same. (S, K.) Hence the saying of a woman, (S,) an immodest woman, (O,) namely, Sejáhi [the false prophetess, to her husband the false prophet Museylimeh, describing the kind of ذَكَر which she most approved], (L,) ↓ لَا بَلْ قَصِيرٌ مِدْفَعٌ. (S, O, L.) You say also, ↓ رَجُلٌ دَفَّاعٌ A man who impels, propels, repels, or defends, vehemently. (TA.) And نَاقَةٌ دَفُوعٌ A she-camel that hicks (تَدْفَعُ) with her hind leg on being milked. (TA.) دَفَّاعٌ: see دَفُوعٌ. b2: Also One who, when a bone happens to be in the part that is next to him, of a bowl, puts it away, or aside, in order that a piece of flesh-meat may become in its place. (El-Jáhidh, K.) دُفَّاعٌ The main portion, that pours down at once, or vehemently, of waves, and of a torrent, (K, TA,) and of a sea: (TA:) or a great torrent: (S:) or abundance and vehemence of water: (L:) or a great quantity of water of a torrent: and a great number of people. (AA.) You say, جَآءَ دُفَّاعٌ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ وَالنِّسَآءِ There came a great number of men and women crowding one upon another. (TA.) b2: Also (tropical:) A great thing by which a similar great thing is impelled, propelled, or repelled. (K, * TA.) دَافِعٌ [act. part. n. of 1]. It is said in the Kur [lii. 8], مَا لَهُ مِنْ دَافِعٍ There shall not be any repeller thereof. (Bd.) And in the same [lxx. 2], لَيْسَ لَهُ دَافِعٌ There shall not be for it any repeller: (Bd:) or any defender. (B.) b2: Applied to a ewe or she-goat, (S,) or to a she-camel, (S, K,) as also دَافِعَةٌ and ↓ مِدْفَاعٌ, (K,) (tropical:) That infuses (تَدْفَعُ) the first milk into her udder [i. e. secretes it therein] a little before bringing forth; (S, K;) that infuses the milk into her udder when about to produce her young, by reason of its abundance: AO says that some make مُفْكِهٌ and دَافِعٌ to signify the same, [i. e., to signify as explained above, or nearly so,] saying, هِىَ دَافِعٌ بِوَلَدٍ; and if you will, you say, هِىَ دَافِعٌ, alone. (TA.) دَافِعَةٌ [fem. of دَافِعٌ, q. v.: and, used as a subst.,] The lower, or lowest, part of any [water-course such as is called] مَيْثَآء: pl. دَوَافِعُ: this latter signifying the lower, or lowest, parts of the مِيث, [pl. of ميثاء,] (ISh, K,) where they pour into the valleys, (ISh,) or where the valleys pour thereinto: (K:) or the pl. signifies the parts in which the water pours to the ميث; while the ميث pour into the main valley: (As:) or the دافعة is a [water-course such as is called] تَلْعَة which pours into another تلعة, when it runs down a descending ground, or declivity, from elevated, or rugged and elevated, ground, and you see it going to and fro in places, having spread somewhat, and become round; then it pours into another, lower than it: every one such is thus called; and the pl. is as above. (Lth.) مَدْفَعٌ [A channel of water;] one of the مَدَافِع of waters, in which the waters run: (S, K:) [مَدَافِعُ being its pl.:] the lower, or lowest, part of a valley, where the torrent pours forth, and its water disperses: (ISh:) and the [water-course, or channel, such as is called] مِذْنَب of a دَافِعَة [q. v.]; because this latter pours forth therein to another دافعة; (K, TA;) the مذنب being the channel between the دَافِعَتَانِ. (TA.) مِدْفَعٌ: see دَفُوعٌ, in two places. b2: [Its primary signification is An instrument for impelling, propelling, or repelling: and hence it is applied in modern Arabic to a cannon: and to an instrument used by midwives for protruding the fœtus. b3: Hence, also, it is used as an intensive epithet: and hence,] رُكْنٌ مِدْفَعٌ A strong corner. (TA.) مُدَفَّعٌ, applied to a camel, (tropical:) Held in high estimation by his owner; (A, K, * TA;) so that when he comes near to the load, he is sent back: (A, TA:) one that is reserved for covering, and not ridden nor laden; of which, when he is brought to be laden, one says, اِدْفَعْ هٰذَا, i. e. Leave thou this, sparing him. (As.) b2: Also, (applied to a camel, TA,) (assumed tropical:) Held in mean estimation by his owner; (K, * TA;) so that when he comes near to the load, he is sent back as despised. (TA.) Thus it bears two contr. meanings. (K.) b3: Applied to a man, (A, TA,) (tropical:) Poor, (S, A, TA,) and abject, (S,) whom every one repels from himself, (A, TA,) or because every one repels him from himself; (S;) used conjointly with مُدَقَّعٌ; i. e., you say, فُلَانٌ مُدَفَّعٌ مُدَقَّعٌ: (A, TA:) a man (assumed tropical:) despised, or held in contempt, (Lth, K,) as also ↓ مُتَدَافَعٌ; (Lth;) who does not show hospitality if he make one his guest, nor give if he be asked to give: (Lth:) and one (assumed tropical:) who is repelled, or repulsed, from his relations (الَّذِى دُفِعَ عَنْ نَسَبِهِ: [نَسَبِهِ being used for ذَوِى

نَسَبِهِ, like as نَسَبًا is used in the Kur xxv. 56, for ذَوِى نَسَبٍ, as explained by Bd:]) (IDrd, K:) and a guest (assumed tropical:) whom the tribe repel, or repulse, every one of them from himself, every one turning him away to another. (IDrd, K.) b4: أَنَا مُدَفَّعٌ

إِلَى أَمْرِ كَذَا (tropical:) I am driven, compelled, or necessitated, to do, or to have recourse to, such a thing. (TA.) مِدْفَاعٌ: see دَافِعٌ.

هُوَ سَيِّدُ قَوْمِهِ غَيْرُ مُدَافَعٍ (assumed tropical:) He is the lord, or chief, of his people, or party, not straitened in his authority, nor thrust from it; (TA;) i. q. غَيْرُ مُزَاحَمٍ. (K.) المُدَافِعُ (assumed tropical:) The lion. (Sgh.) مُتَدافِعُ: see مُدَفَّعٌ.

قَوْلٌ مُتَدَافِعٌ (tropical:) [A saying of which one part opposes, or contradicts, another; a self-contradictory saying]. (TA.)

درس

1 دَرَسَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. دُرُوسٌ, It (a trace, or mark, or what is termed رَسْمٌ, S, A, K, and a house, A, or a thing, M) became effaced, erased, rased, or obliterated; (S, M, A, K;) as also ↓ اندرس, (K, TA,) said of what is termed رسم: (TA:) or it (the trace, or mark, of a house; or what remained, cleaving to the ground, marking the place of a house;) became covered with sand and dust blown over it by the wind: (TA in art. دثر:) or it (an abode, or a place of sojourning,) became effaced, erased, rased, or obliterated, and its traces, or remains, became concealed, or unseen: (Msb:) and دَرُسَ signifies the same as دَرَسَ in the first of the senses explained above, but in an intensive manner. (M.) b2: [Hence الآيَاتُ ↓ دَارَسَتِ as explained near the end of this paragraph.] b3: Hence, also, (AHeyth,) دَرَسَ الثَّوْبِ, (AHeyth, S, A, K,) inf. n. دَرْسٌ, (S, TA,) (tropical:) The garment, or piece of cloth, became old and worn out. (AHeyth, S, A, K.) b4: And دَرَسَ الكِتَابُ (assumed tropical:) The writing, or book, became old. (Msb.) b5: [Hence, also,] دَرَسَتْ, (S, M, A, K,) aor. ـُ (M,) inf. n. دُرُوسٌ (S, M, K) and دَرْسٌ, (M, K,) (tropical:) She (a woman, S, M, A, K, or, accord. to Lh, a girl, M) menstruated. (S, M, A, K.) A2: دَرَسَتْهُ الرِّيحُ, (S, M, K,) or الرِّيَاحُ, (A,) [aor. ـُ inf. n. دَرْسٌ, (A, TA,) The wind, (S, M, K,) or winds, (A,) effaced, erased, rased, or obliterated, it, (S, M, A, K,) by repeatedly passing over it; (A;) namely, a trace, or mark, [of a house &c.,] or what is termed رَسْمٌ; (S, K;) and [erased, or rased,] a house; (A;) or a thing: (M:) and دَرَسَهُ القَوْمُ The people effaced, erased, rased, or obliterated, it. (M.) b2: Hence, (AHeyth,) دَرَسَ الثَّوْبَ, (AHeyth, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. دَرْسٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) He rendered the garment, or piece of cloth, old and worn-out. (AHeyth, K.) b3: دَرَسَ الطَّعَامَ, (M,) or الحِنْطَةَ, (S, A, Msb, K,) وَنَحْوَهَا, (Msb,) aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. دَرْسٌ (M, K) and دِرَاسٌ, (S, A, Msb, K,) (tropical:) He trod, or thrashed, the wheat, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) and the like: (Msb:) [because he who does so passes repeatedly over it:] of the dial. of El-Yemen: (M, TA:) or دِرَاسٌ in the sense here indicated is of the dial. of Syria. (TA.) b4: دَرَسَ المَرْأَةَ, (A,) or الجَارِيَةَ, (K,) (tropical:) He compressed the woman, (A,) or the girl. (K.) b5: دَرَسَ النَّاقَةَ, (M, A,) aor. ـُ inf. n. دَرْسٌ, (M,) (tropical:) He broke, or trained, the she-camel: (M, A:) [and so, app., ↓ دَارَسَهَا; for it is said that] the primary signification of مُدَارَسَةٌ is the breaking, or training, or disciplining, [a beast;] and returning time after time (تَعَهُّدٌ) to a thing. (TA.) You say also, بَعِيرٌ لَمْ يُدْرَسُ, meaning (tropical:) A camel that has not been ridden. (S, TA.) b6: Hence, (M,) [or from دَرَسَتْهُ الرِّيحُ, or from دَرَسَ الثَّوْبَ,] دَرَسَ الكِتَابَ, (S, M, A, K,) aor. ـِ (M, K) and دَرِسَ, (K,) inf. n. دَرْسٌ and دِرَاسَةٌ (S, M, K) and دَرَاسَةٌ and دِرَاسٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) He read the book; (M, K;) as though he opposed it until it became easy for him to remember it: (M:) or he read it repeatedly, [or studied it,] in order to remember it: (A:) or he made it easy to remember, by much reading: (TA:) or he read and learned it: (Bd in vi. 105:) and ↓ دَارَسَهُ, inf. n. مُدَارَسَةٌ and دِرَاسٌ, signifies the same: (M:) and so ↓ دَرَسَّهُ, and ↓ أَدْرَسَهُ: (K:) or the former of the last two has an intensive signification: the latter of them is mentioned by IJ: (TA:) [but accord. to the M, it is said by IJ that both of these are doubly trans., and have a different signification, which is also indicated in the A as that of the former of them: see 2:] الكُتُبَ ↓ دَارَسَتْ, and ↓ تَدَارَسْتُهَا, and ↓ اِدَّارَسْتُهَا, signify the same as دَرَسْتُهَا [I read the books, or read them repeatedly, &c.]: (S, TA:) and القُرْآنَ ↓ تَدَارَسَ signifies He read the Kur-án, and returned to it time after time, in order that he might not forget it. (TA.) Yousay also, دَرَسْتُ العِلْمَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. دَرْسٌ and دِرَاسَةٌ, (tropical:) I read science. (Msb.) It is said in the Kur [vi. 105], accord. to different reading, وَلِيَقُولُوا دَرَسْتَ, and ↓ دَارَسْتَ, (tropical:) [And to the end that they may say, Thou hast read, &c.:] but some say that the former means Thou hast read the books of the people of the Scriptures: and the latter, Thou hast consulted, or conferred, with them; expl. by ذَاكَرْتُهُمْ: (M:) or the former means Thou hast learned: (Abu-l-'Abbás:) and the latter, Thou hast read, or studied, under the Jews as thy teachers, and they have read, or studied, under thee as their teacher: (I'Ab, Mujáhid, K:) and another reading is ↓ دَارَسَ; i. e. دَارَسَ النَّبِىُّ اليَهُودَ [he prophet hath read, or studied, with the Jews] : and another, ↓ دَارَسَتْ, which may be rendered in two ways: The Jews have read, or studied, or consulted, or conferred, with (دَارَسَتْ) Mohammad: and The signs (آيَات) have vied in length of time [or antiquity] with those of other scriptures so that every one of them has for the most part become obliterated: (TA:) and another reading is دَرَسَتْ; and another, دَرُسَتْ; both meaning, They (these stories, or histories,) have become obliterated: (M:) or they are things which have long since passed: (Abu-l-' Abbás:) but the latter of these two verbs has a more intensive signification: and it is also said to signify They have been dissipated. (M.) [You also say, دَرَسَ عَلَيْهِ (tropical:) He read, or studied, under him as his teacher; like قَرَأَ عَلَيْهِ.]2 دَرَّسَ غَيْرَهُ (tropical:) [He made another to read, or to read repeatedly, or to study, in order to remember; or to read and learn: he taught him to read, &c.: he lectured him]. (A.) And دَرَّسْتُهُ الكِتَابَ and إِيَّاهُ ↓ أَدْرَسْتُهُ (tropical:) [I made him, or taught him, to read the book, or to read it repeatedly, or to study it, or to read and learn it]. (IJ, M.) b2: See also دَرَسَ الكِتَابَ.3 دَارَسَتِ الآيَاتُ: see 1.

A2: دارس النَّاقَةَ: see 1. b2: دارس غَيْرَهُ (tropical:) [He read, or studied, with another, each of them teaching the other]. (A.) and دَارَسْتُهُ الكِتَابَ, inf. n. مُدَارَسَةٌ, (tropical:) [I read, or read repeatedly, or studied, or read and learned, with him the book, each of us teaching the other]. (A.) And دَارَسَهُمْ (assumed tropical:) He called to mind with them a subject of discourse, &c.; or he conferred with them; syn. ذَاكَرَهُمْ. (M.) See also 1, latter half, in five places.4 أَدْرَسَ see 2: b2: and see دَرَسَ الكِتَابَ.5 تَدَرَّسْتُ أَدْرَاسًا وَتَشَمَّلْتُ شِمَالًا (tropical:) [app., I clad myself in old and worn-out garments, and wrapped myself in shemlehs]. (A, TA.) 6 تَدَارَسُوا الكِتَابَ حَتَّى حَفِظُوهُ (tropical:) [They read the book, or read it repeatedly, or studied it, or read and learned it, together, teaching one another, until they retained it in memory]. (A.) b2: تَدَارَسْتُ الكُتُبَ, and اِدَّارَسْتُهَا, and تَدَارَسَ القُرْآنَ: see دَرَسَ الكِتَابَ.7 إِنْدَرَسَ see 1, first signification.

دَرْسٌ A road, or way, that is unapparent; (S, K;) as though the traces thereof had become effaced. (TA.) b2: See also دِرْسٌ.

A2: [A lecture: pl دُرُوسٌ.]

دِرْسٌ The relic, trace, or mark, of a thing that becomes effaced, erased, rased, or obliterated. (M.) b2: (tropical:) An old and worn-out garment, or piece of cloth; (S, M, A, K;) [app. an epithet used as a subst.;] as also ↓ دَرْسٌ (M) and ↓ دَرِيسٌ; (S, M, A, K;) ↓ which last also signifies an old and worn-out carpet; (A;) ↓ and as an epithet, signifying old and worn-out, is applied to a coat of mail, (M, TA,) and to a sword, and to a مِغْفَر [&c.]: (TA:) pl. [of the first] أَدْرَاسٌ, (M, K,) [a pl. of pauc.,] and [of the same or of either of the others] دِرْسَانٌ. (S, M, K.) b3: [Hence, or, as IF says, from الحَيْض,] أَبُو أَدْرَاسٍ [in some copies of the K أُمُّ أَدْرَاسٍ] (tropical:) The pudendum muliebre. (S, O, K.) دُرْسَةٌ (assumed tropical:) Training, or discipline. (K.) دَرِيسٌ: see دِرْسٌ, in three places. b2: [Also Dry بِرْسِيم, or Alexandrian trefoil.]

رَبْعٌ دَارِسٌ [A house of which the remains are becoming effaced, erased, rased, or obliterated: or i. q. رَبْعٌ مَدْرُوسٌ]. (A.) b2: اِمْرَأَةٌ دَارِسٌ, (M, K,) or, accord. to Lh, جَارِيَةٌ دَارِسٌ, (M,) (tropical:) A woman, (M, K,) or girl, (Lh, K,) menstruating: (Lh, M, K:) pl. دُرَّسٌ and دَوَارِسُ. (M.) أَبُو إِدْرِيسَ (tropical:) The penis. (A, K.) تَدْرِيسٌ [inf. n. of 2, q. v.]

A2: [Also (assumed tropical:) A conventional term or signification used by the مُدَرِّسُون, or lecturers, tutors, or professors, of colleges]. (Mgh, in arts. حنف and دين, &c.) مِدْرَسٌ (assumed tropical:) A book, or writing: (K, TA: but omitted in some copies of the former:) [also, accord. to Golius, a commentary by which any one is taught; Heber.

מִדְרשׁ.] b2: See also the next paragraph.

مَدْرَسَةٌ (tropical:) A place of reading, or study; (Msb;) in which persons read, or study; (TA;) [a college, a collegiate mosque; an academy;] as also ↓ مِدْرَسٌ (TA) and ↓ مِدْرَاسٌ; (M, K;) the measure of which last, [as well as that of the next preceding word,] as that of a n. of place, is strange: (ISd, TA:) whence the ↓ مِدْرَاس of the Jews; (K;) their house in which is repeatedly read the Book of the Law revealed to Moses: (A:) or their house in which the Book of God is read, or read repeatedly: (TA:) or their synagogue: (Msb:) the pl. of مدرسة is مَدَارِسُ; (TA;) and that of مدارس is مَدَارِيسُ. (Msb.) b2: مَدْرَسَةُ النَّعَمِ (tropical:) The road or track (طَرِيق) [of camels, or of camels and sheep or goats]. (A, TA.) مُدَرَّسٌ (tropical:) A bed made plain, even, smooth, or easy to lie upon. (TA.) b2: (tropical:) A man tried and proved, or tried and strengthened, by use, practice, or experience; expert, or experienced. (A, TS, K.) مُدَرِّسٌ (tropical:) A man who reads much and repeatedly. (K, TA.) b2: Hence, the مُدَرِّس of مَدْرَسَة (tropical:) [i. e. The lecturer, tutor, or professor, of a college, a collegiate mosque, or an academy: from which it is not to be understood that there is but one such person to every college; for generally one college has several مُدَرِّسُون]. (TA.) مِدْرَاسٌ: see مَدْرَسَةٌ, in two places. b2: Also (tropical:) One who reads, or reads repeatedly, or studies, the books of the Jews: the measure of the word implies intensiveness. (TA.) رَبْعٌ مَدْرُوسٌ [A house of which the remains are effaced, erased, rased, or obliterated: see also دَارِسٌ]. (A.) b2: طَرِيقٌ مَدْرُوسٌ (tropical:) A road much beaten by passengers, so as to be made easy by them. (A, TA.) مُدَارِسٌ (tropical:) One who reads, or studies, with another; syn. مُقَارِئٌ: (K:) or one who has read books. (K.)

درد

1 دَرِدَ, (M, Mgh, L,) aor. ـَ (S,) inf. n. دَرَدٌ, (S, * M, Mgh, L, K, *) He was, or became, toothless; (S, L;) he lost his teeth. (M, Mgh, L, K.) It is said in a trad., أُمِرْتُ بِالسِّوَاكِ حَتَّى خِفْتُ لَأَدْرَدَنَّ (S, Mgh *) I was commanded to make use of the tooth-stick until I feared, meaning I thought, or opined, that I should assuredly become toothless: for the Arabs use ظَنَّ in the same manner as a verb signifying an oath, and give it the same kind of complement, saying, ظَنَنْتُ لَعَبْدُ اللّٰهُ خَيْرٌ مِنْكَ: (S:) or, accord. to one relation, the words of this trad. are لَزِمْتُ السِّوَاكَ حَتَّى

خَشِيتُ أَنْ يَدْرَدَنِى [a mistranscription for ↓ يُدْرِدَنِى, from أَدْرَدَ, i. e. I kept to the use of the toothstick until I feared that it would deprive me of my teeth, or render me toothless]: (L:) or, accord. to another relation, ↓ خَشِيتُ أَنْ أُدْرِدَ

أَسْنَانِى [I feared that I should make my teeth to fall out]; but this [verb, Mtr says,] I have not heard. (Mgh.) 4 أَدْرَدَ see above, in two places.

دَرَدٌ inf. n. of دَرِدَ. (S, * M, &c.) b2: And I. q.

حَرَدٌ [but in what sense is not said: see what next follows]. (M, TA.) دَرِدٌ, as an epithet applied to a man, I. q. حَرِدٌ [but in what sense is not said]. (M, TA.) دِرْدِمٌ: see أَدْرَدُ, in two places.

دُرْدِىٌّ The dregs, feces, lees, or sediment, or what remains at the bottom, of olive-oil, (S, K,) and of other things, (S,) or of [the beverage called] نَبِيذ, (A,) and of any fluid, such as beverages, or wines, and oils. (L.) b2: Also A ferment that is put into, and left in, expressed juice and [the beverage called] نَبِيذ, in order that it may ferment. (L.) [See خَمِيرٌ.]

دُرَيْدٌ an abbreviated dim. of أَدْرَدُ. (S, K.) أَدْرَدُ A toothless man; (S, M, A, Mgh;) as also ↓ دِرْدِمٌ, with an augmentative م: (M:) fem. of the former دَرْدَآءٌ: (S, M:) and pl. دُرْدٌ. (A.) b2: نَاقَةٌ دَرْدَآءُ, (S, M, K,) and ↓ دِرْدِمٌ, with an augmentative م, (S, K,) as in the instance of دِلْقِمٌ syn. with دَلْقَآءُ, and of دِقْعِمٌ syn. with دَقْعَآءٌ, (S,) A she-camel advanced in years: (S, K:) or having her teeth [worn, or consumed,] down to the sockets, (M, K,) by reason of old age. (M, TA.) A2: الدَّرْدَآءُ the name of A certain corps, or troop of horse, (كَتِيبَة, [in some copies of the S and K كَثِيبَة,]) that belonged to the Arabs. (A 'Obeyd, S, K, TA.)

غثر

1 غَثَرَتِ الأَرْضُ بِالنَّبَاتِ i. q. مَأَدَت (thus in the JK [app. meaning The land became flourishing and fresh with herbage]): or مَادَت (thus in the O and K [i. e. without ء; but the former, I think, is evidently the right: the meaning which I have given may be from غَثَرٌ, q. v., and therefore tropical: and it may be inferred from what here follows that the verb is correctly, or originally, غَثْرَت, fem. of ↓ غَثْرَى]). The epithet applied to such land is ↓ مُغَثْرِيَةٌ. (JK, O, K.) 4 اغثر It (the [species of tree, or shrub, called] رِمْث [&c.]) exuded what is termed مُغْثُور [q. v.]; (K;) as also اغفر. (TA.) b2: See also عَيَّرَ, last sentence.11 اغثارّ It (a garment, or piece of cloth,) had much غَثَر i. e. nap, or villous substance, (K, TA,) and wool. (TA.) Q. Q. 1 غَثْرَى: see the first paragraph. Q. Q. 2 تَمَغْثَرَ He gathered مُغْثُور [q. v.]. (K.) You say, خَرَجَ النَّاسُ يَتَمَغْثَرُونَ, like يَتَمَغْفَرُونَ, The people went forth to gather مَغَاثِير [pl. of مُغْثُورٌ]. (TA.) غَثَرٌ The nap, or villous substance, of a garment, or piece of cloth; (K, TA;) and the wool thereof. (TA.) غَثْرَةٌ Abundance: (TA:) [and particularly] abundance of herbage, and of the goods, conveniences, or comforts, of life; ampleness [thereof] (K, TA.) b2: And A portion of property. (TA.) غُثْرَةٌ A dust-colour inclining to خُضْرَة [which here app. means a dingy ash-colour]: (S, TA:) or, as some say, [simply] dust-colour: (TA:) or it is like duskiness (غُبْشَةٌ) mixed with redness. (K, TA.) غَثَرَةٌ: see أَغْثَرُ, last sentence.

غَثَارِ, or غَثَارُ, accord. to the CK غُثَارٌ: see أَغْثَرُ.

الغَوْثَرُ and الغَثَوْثَرُ: see أَغْثَرُ, former half.

غَيْثَرَةٌ A threatening. (K.) b2: And Fight, or conflict; and commotion, or tumult: so in the saying, تَرَكْتُ القَوْمَ فِى غَيْثَرَةٍ and غَيْثَمَةٍ [I left the people, or party, in fight, &c.]: (As, TA:) or, accord to IAar, it means the treading, or trampling, of the people, or party, one upon another, (مُدَاوَسَةُ القَوْمِ بَعْضِهِمْ بَعْضًا,) in fight, or conflict: you say, بَيْنَ القَوْمِ غَيْثَرَةٌ شَدِيدَةٌ [Among the people, or party, is a vehement treading, &c.]. (S, TA.) A2: See also أَغْثَرُ, last sentence, in two places.

أَغْثَرُ, (S,) and [the fem.] غَثْرَآءُ, (K,) Dustcoloured: (K, TA:) or of a dingy, or dusky, colour: (TA:) or of a dingy, or dusky, colour: (TA:) or [of the colour termed غُثْرَة, which is] nearly the same as dust-coloured. (S, K, TA.) 'Omárah says, حَتَّى اكْتَسَيْتُ مِنَ المَشِيبِ عِمَامَةً

غَثْرَآءَ أَغْفِرُ لَوْنَهَا بِخِضَابِ [Until I attired myself with a dusky turban of hoariness, the colour of which I concealed with hair-dye]. (TA.) b2: أَغْثَرُ is applied as an epithet to a ram That is not red [or brown] nor black ner white; (IAar, TA;) meaning of a dusky, or dingy, colour. (TA.) And it is so applied to a wolf. (IAar, TA.) And الأَغْثَرُ signifies The wolf; (TA;) as also الأَغْبَرُ. (TA in art. غبر.) b3: And [in like manner] الغَثْرَآءُ signifies The hyena, or female hyena; (K, TA;) because of its colour: (TA;) as also ↓ غَثَارِ, (O, K, TA,) like قَطَامِ, (O, TA,) determinate; (K, TA;) [accord. to the CK غُثَارٌ, which is wrong;] and accord. to IAar ↓ غَثَارُ, imperfectly declinable. (TA.) b4: And الأَغْثَرُ signifies also The lion; and so ↓ الغَثَوْثَرُ: (K:) or the latter, as also ↓ الغَوْثَرُ, the lion that is in a confused, or perplexed, case. (O.) b5: And A certain bird, (K, TA,) having confused, or disordered, plumage, (TA,) long in the neck, (K, TA,) in the colour of which is غُثْرَة [q. v.], and which is of the aquatic kind. (TA.) b6: أَكَلَتْهُمُ الغَثْرَآءُ [which may be rendered The hyena, or female hyena, devoured them] means (assumed tropical:) they perished. (Z, TA.) b7: غَثْرَآءُ applied to [garments of the kind called] أَكْسِيَة [pl. of كِسَآءٌ] (K, TA) and قَطَائِف [pl. of قَطِيفَةٌ] and the like, and to an عَبَآءَة, (TA,) signifies Having much wool (L, K, TA) and nap, or villous substance. (L.) b8: الأَغْثَرُ also signifies The [green substance that overspreads stale water, called] طُحْلُب. (S, TA.) b9: Also (assumed tropical:) The ignorant man: and the stupid man: likened to the hyena, or female hyena, which is one of the most stupid of beasts, and of which one of the appellations is الغَثْرَآءُ. (IDrd, TA.) b10: And الغَثْرَآءُ and الغُثْرُ, (S, K, TA,) which latter is the pl. of الأَغْثَرُ, (S, TA,) (assumed tropical:) The low, base, vile, ignoble, mean, or sordid, or the refuse, or rabble, of mankind; as also ↓ الغَثْرَةُ, (S, K, TA,) said to be originally ↓ الغَيْثَرَةُ, (S, TA,) which signifies the same: (S, K, TA:) and غَثْرَآءُ is also expl. as meaning a mixed assemblage of people (K, TA) of the low, base, vile, ignoble, mean, or sordid, or of the refuse, or rabble, of mankind; (TA;) and so ↓ غَيْثَرَةٌ: (Az, TA:) or a mixed assemblage of people of various tribes: or the unknown common people: or the commonalty, or generality, of men. (TA.) مِغْثَرٌ: see what next follows.

مِغْثَارٌ: see what next follows.

مُغْثُورٌ (S, M) and ↓ مِغْثَرٌ (Yaakoob, S, K) and ↓ مِغْثَارٌ (TA) [A sort of manna;] a thing [or substance] which is exuded by the [species of tree, or shrub, called] رِمْث, (S, K,) and by the عُرْفُط, (S,) and the ثُمَام, and the عُشَر, (K,) resembling gum, and sweet, (S,) like honey: (S, K:) it is eaten; (TA;) and sometimes it flows upon the ground, like دِبْس: and it has an unpleasant smell: مُغْثُورٌ is a dial. var. of مُغْفُورٌ [q. v.]: (S, TA:) the pl. is مَغَاثِيرُ. (K.) أَرْضٌ مُغَثْرِيَةٌ: see 1. b2: وَجَدَ المَآءَ مُغَثْرِيًا عَلَيْهِ means He found the water to be thronged: (K, TA:) or, accord. to Sgh, (TA,) you say, وَجَدْتُ المَآءَ مُغَثْرِيًا بِالوِرْدِ I found the water to be thronged by the coming thereto. (O, TA.) غثو and غثى 1 غَثَا الوَادِى, (Msb, K,) aor. ـْ (Msb,) inf. n. غَثْوٌ; (Msb, K;) and غَثَى, aor. ـْ inf. n. غَثْيٌ; (K;) the latter mentioned by IJ, but the former is that which is [commonly] known to the lexicologists; (TA;) The valley, or water-course, was, or became, full of غُثَآء [q. v.]: (Msb: [and the like is indicated in the K:]) or had in a abundance of camels' or similar dung (بَعْر) and leaves and reeds or canes. (TA.) b2: غَثَا اللَّحْمُ, inf. n. غَثْوٌ, The flesh-meat was bad by reason of its leanness. (IKtt, TA.) b3: غَثَتِ النَّفْسُ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـْ (S, Msb,) inf. n. غَثْىٌ and غَثَيَانٌ; (S, Msb, K;) and, accord. to Lth, غَثِيَت, aor. ـْ inf. n. غَثًا, but Az says that this is post-classical; (TA;) i. q. خَبُثَت; (S, K, TA;) and جَاشَت; (TA;) i. e. [The soul, or stomach, heaved; or became agitated by a tendency to vomit; or] became agitated so that the person nearly vomited, by reason of a mixture pouring forth to the mouth of the stomach: (Msb, TA:) or, as some say, غَثَيَانٌ signifies a flowing of the mouth which sometimes, or often, occasions vomiting. (TA.) b4: غَثَتِ السَّمَآءُ بِالسَّحَابِ, (K, TA,) aor. ـْ (TA,) The sky was, or became, clouded, or covered with clouds: (K, TA:) or began to be so. (TA.) A2: غَثَا السَّيْلُ المَرْتَعَ, aor. ـْ inf. n. غَثْوٌ; thus accord. to J, [in the S,] but accord. to the K and ISd, غَثَى, mentioned in art. غثى; and in [some of] the copies of the K, المَرْبَعَ is erroneously put for المَرْتَعَ; (TA;) The torrent drew [or washed] together the pasture, and deprived it of its sweetness; as also ↓ اغثاهُ. (S, K.) b2: and hence, by way of comparison, (TA,) غَثَى الكَلَامَ, aor. ـْ (K, TA;) and غَثِيَهُ, aor. ـْ (K, * TA;) the former verb of the class of رَمَى, and the latter of the class of رَضِىَ; inf. n. غَثْىٌ; (TA;) (tropical:) He mixed, or put together confusedly, the speech, or language. (K, * TA.) b3: And غَثَى

المَالَ, and النَّاسَ, He beat the cattle, and the people, and dealt blows among them. (K, * TA.) b4: غَثِيَتِ الأَرْضُ بِالنَّبَاتِ The land became abundant in herbage: (K, TA:) or began to be so. (TA.) b5: And غَثِىَ شَعْرُهُ, inf. n. غَثًى, His hair became matted, or compacted together: mentioned in art. غثى by IKtt: perhaps a dial. var. of عَثِىَ, with the unpointed ع; mentioned before. (TA.) 4 أَ1ْ2َ3َ see the preceding paragraph, latter half.

غُثَآءٌ (S, Msb, K) and غُثَّآءٌ (S, K) The rubbish, or small rubbish, or particles of things, or refuse, and scum, and rotten leaves mixed with the scum, (Zj, S, * Msb, * K, TA,) borne upon the surface (S, Msb, TA) of a torrent: (Zj, S, Msb, K, TA:) or dried-up [or decayed] and broken pieces [or leaves and stalks] of herbage, that are seen upon a torrent: so in the Kur lxxxvii. 5: [see أَحْوَى

in art. حو:] (TA:) pl. أَغْثَآءٌ. (S, TA.) b2: [Hence,] one says, مَالُهُ غُثَآءٌ وَعَمَلُهُ هَبَآءٌ وَسَعْيُهُ خَفَآءٌ (assumed tropical:) [His property is as rubbish borne by a torrent (see Kur xxiii. 43), and his work is as motes that are seen in the rays of the sun (see Kur xxv. 25), and his labour, or earning, is a thing that is unapparent]. (TA.) b3: [Hence, also,] غُثَآءُ النَّاسِ (assumed tropical:) The low, or vile, and the refuse, of mankind. (TA.) الأَغْثَى The lion. (K.)

غبس

1 غَبَسَ, (K,) aor. ـُ (TK,) inf. n. غَبْسٌ; (TA;) and غَبِسَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. غَبَسٌ and غُبْسَةٌ; (IKtt, TA;) and ↓ أَغْبَسَ, (K,) in some copies of the K, erroneously, اِغْبَسَّ; (TA;) and ↓ اِغْبَاسَّ; (As, K;) It (the night, TA) was, or became, dark. (K.) [See also غَبِشَ.]

A2: غَبَسَ وَجْهَهُ He blackened his face. (TA.) 4 أَغْبَسَ see 1. b2: اغبس الذِّئْبُ, inf. n. إِغْبَاسٌ, [The wolf was, or became, of the colour termed غَبَس, and غُبْسَة.] (TA.) 11 إِغْبَاْسَّ see the first paragraph.

غَبَسٌ The darkness of the end, or last part, of the night; as also غَبَشٌ: (Lth:) or the darkness of the beginning, or first part, of the night; and غبش, that of the end, or last part, thereof: (TA:) or the former has the first of the abovementioned significations; as also غَلَسٌ; and غبش, the second of those significations. (ElKhattábee, MF.) [See also غَبَشٌ.] And Darkness [absolutely]; as also ↓ غُبْسَةٌ: or ↓ both signify whiteness in which is a duskiness or dinginess: (K:) or the former, (S,) and ↓ the latter, (A,) a colour like that of ashes; (S, A;) i. e., whiteness in which is a duskiness or dinginess: (S:) or ↓ the latter, a hue between dust-colour inclining to black and dust-colour properly so called: (IDrd:) or a colour between black and yellow. (TA.) [See also غَلَسٌ.]

غُبْسَةٌ: see غَبَسٌ, in four places.

لَا آتِيكَ مَا غَبَا غُبَيْسٌ means I will not come to thee ever: (S, K:) but the origin of this saying is unknown: (K:) IAar said that he knew it not: (S:) or, accord. to him, it means, while time lasts: it seems that he did not know it at first, and then thus explained it: (T, TA:) accord. to some, غُبَيْسٌ is an abbreviated dim. of أَغْبَسُ, and means the wolf; (S, K; *) and غَبَا is originally غَبَّ, the ا being substituted for one of the letters of duplication, as in تَقَضَّى for تَقَضَّضَ; (S;) and the saying means I will not come to thee as long as the wolf comes now and then (يَأْتِى غِبًّا) to the sheep or goats. (S, K. *) أَغْبَسُ Ash-coloured; (Mgh;) of a colour like that of ashes; (S;) of a dingy, or dusky, white; applied to a wolf: (S, K:) or it is an epithet applied to any wolf: or, applied to a wolf, light, or active, and greedy: fem. غَبْسَآءُ: (TA:) pl. غُبْسٌ. (K.) b2: Applied to an ass, Black. (TA.) b3: وَرْدٌ أَغْبَسُ, applied to a horse, [app., Of a dusky bay colour;] i. q. سَمَنْد; (Mgh, K;) what the Persians call by the latter term: (S, TA:) it is [a colour] desired by them. (TA.)

جول

1 جَالَ, (S, K, &c.,) aor. ـُ (S,) inf. n. جَوْلٌ (S, K) and جُولٌ (K) and جَوَلَانٌ (Az, S, ISd, Z, Sgh) and جُؤُولٌ (ISd, K) and جِيلَالٌ, (Ibn-'Abbád, K, TA,) in some copies of the K جِيلَان; (TA;) and in like manner, ↓ اجتال and ↓ انجال; (S, K;) He went round or about, or or round about; as also ↓ جوّل, inf. n. تَجْوَالٌ: (K:) or جوّل signifies he went round, or about, or round about, much, or often; agreeably with what Sb says of the measure تَفْعَالٌ; but accord. to the O, تَجْوَالٌ is an inf. n. of جال. (TA.) Yousay, جال فِى البِلَادِ He went about, or round about, in the countries, or districts, not remaining fixed, or settled: (Msb:) and البِلَادَ ↓ جوّل, (T, TA,) or جوّل فِى البِلَادِ, (S,) inf. n. تَجْوِيلٌ, (T, TA,) or تَجْوَالٌ, (S,) he went about, or round about, much, or often, in the countries, or districts. (T, S, TA.) And جال فِى المَيْدَانِ, aor. as above, inf. n. جَوْلَةٌ and جَوَلَانٌ, He (a horse) traversed the sides, or lateral parts or tracts, of the horse-course; which are termed أَجْوَالٌ, pl. of جُولٌ. (Msb.) And جال فِى الحَرْبِ, inf. n. جَوْلَةٌ, He wheeled round, or about, in battle. (K.) and فَرَّ لِلْجَوَلَانِ ثُمَّ عَادَ لِلْقِتَالِ [He fled, to wheel round, or about, and then returned to the fight]. (Msb in art. كر.) And جالُوا, (Msb,) or ↓ تَجَاوَلُوا, (S, K,) means جال بَعْضُهُمْ عَلَى بَعْضٍ, (S, Msb, K,) i. e., They assailed, or assaulted, one another, (TA,) فِى الحَرْبِ [in battle]; (S, Msb, K;) [and so, app., ↓ جَاوَلُوا, inf. n. مُجَاوَلَةٌ:] and كَانَتْ بَيْنَهُمْ

↓ مُجَاوَلَاتٌ (S, K *) There were between them mutual [assailings, or assaults, and] defendings. (Ibn-'Abbád, TA.) And جال القَوْمُ, inf. n. جَوْلَةٌ, The company of men were routed, defeated, or put to flight, (اِنْكَشَفُوا,) and then returned to the fight, or charged, or assaulted. (K.) And أَصَابَ المُسْلِمِينَ جَوْلَةٌ Defeat befell the Muslims: a metonymy; used only in relation to the favourites of God; from الجَوَلَانُ. (Mgh.) b2: جالوُا فِى

الضَّلَالَةِ, (Sgh, TA,) or إِلَى الضَّلَالَةِ, (A, TA,) (assumed tropical:) They became excited to lightness, or levity, and unsteadiness, and carried away, and driven, (Sgh, TA,) or they became fascinated, and turned away, (A, TA,) by the influence of devils, (A, Sgh, TA,) from their religion, (Sgh, TA,) or from the right course, (A, TA,) to error. (A, Sgh, TA.) b3: جال التُّرَابُ, (ISd, K,) inf. n. جَوْلٌ, (TA,) The dust went away, and rose; as also ↓ انجال: (ISd, K:) or the latter signifies became removed, or cleared away [by the wind]; syn. اِنْكَشَطَ. (T, TA.) b4: يَجُولُ فِى صَدْرِى أَنْ أَفْعَلَهُ (tropical:) [It is revolved in my bosom, or mind, that I should do it]. (TA.) b5: See also 4, in two places.

A2: جال الشَّىْءَ, (K,) inf. n. جَوْلٌ, (TA,) He chose, or selected, the thing. (K.) You say, جُلْتُ هٰذَا مِنْ هٰذَا I chose, or selected, this from this. (AA, S.) And مَنْهُمْ جَوْلًا ↓ اِجْتَلْتُ I chose, or selected, from them [a choice portion]; (S, K, * TA;) and separated some of them from others. (TA.) and مِنْ مَالِهِ جَوْلًا ↓ اجتال, and جَوَالَةً, He chose, or selected, from his property, or cattle, a choice portion. (TA.) 2 جَوَّلَ see 1, in two places.3 جَاوَلُوا, inf. n. مُجَاوَلَةٌ: and كَانَتْ بَيْنَهُمْ مُجَاوَلَاتٌ: see 1.4 احالهُ, (Msb, K,) and اجال بِهِ, (K,) inf. n. إِجَالَةٌ, (S,) He, or it, made, or caused, him, or it, to go, move, or turn round, or about, or round about; to circle, or revolve; (S, Msb, K;) as also بِهِ ↓ جال. (Zj, K.) One says in the game called المَيْسِر, [see this word,] أَجِلِ السِّهَامَ [Turn thou round about, i. e., shuffle, the arrows in the رِبَابَة]. (S, TA.) And اجال السِّهَامَ بَيْنَ القَوْمِ He moved about the arrows, [i. e., shuffled them in the رِبَابَة,] (Az, ISd, TA,) and then distributed them among the people, or party. (Az, TA.) And اجال سَيْفَهُ He brandished, flourished, or played with, his sword, turning it round about. (Msb.) And بَالتُّرَابِ ↓ الرِّيحُ تَجُولُ, (Lth, TA,) and بِالحَصَى, (K, TA,) [The wind makes the dust, and the pebbles, to turn round about, to circle, or to revolve.] b2: أَجَالُوا الرَّأْىَ فِيمَا بَيْنَهُمْ (tropical:) They turned about, or revolved, [in their minds, the idea, or opinion, respecting the matter that was between them.] (TA.) And اجالوا الفِكَرِ (assumed tropical:) [They turned about, or revolved, thoughts, ideas, schemes, or contrivances, in their minds]. (Jel in ix. 48.) b3: [اجال خَمْسَهُ فِى وِعَائِهِ, in the 7th Makámeh of Har, (p. 76 of the sec. ed.,) is explained in a MS. of that work as meaning ادخل, (De Sacy's Chrest. Ar., sec. ed., p. 185,) i. e., He inserted: but the proper meaning is, he turned about, or round about, his five fingers in his bag.] b4: ↓ أَجِلْ جَائِلَتَكَ (tropical:) Accomplish, or finish, the affair in which thou art engaged. (M, K, TA.) 6 تَجَاْوَلَ see 1.7 إِنْجَوَلَ see 1, in two places.8 إِجْتَوَلَ see 1, first sentence.

A2: اجتالهُمْ He turned them from their course. (K.) He (the devil) caused them to leave, or forsake, the right way. (T, TA.) اِجْتَالَتْهُمُ الشَّيَاطِينُ عَنْ دِينِهِمْ The devils excited them to lightness, or levity, and unsteadiness, so that they turned away from their religion, to error; i. e., they carried them away and drove them [from their religion]. (Sgh, TA.) [See also 10.]

A3: See also 1, last two sentences.10 اِسْتَجَالَتْهُمُ الشَّيَاطِينُ The devils turned them from the right course, to error; fascinated them so that they turned with them. (A, TA.) and استجالهُ الشَّىْءُ The thing excited him to lightness, or levity, and unsteadiness. (TA.) [See also 8.]

b2: استجالتِ الخَيْلُ مَا مَرَّتْ بِهِ The horses removed, or displaced, that by which they passed. (O, TA.) b3: اُسْتُجِيلَ الرَّبَابُ The رباب [or white clouds] were driven together after a state of dispersion, and became ready to rain: (M, TA:) or it means جَآءَتْهُ الرِّيحُ فَاسْتَجَالَتْهُ, i. e., the wind came to them, and removed them, or displaced them, and dissundered them, and drove them away. (TA.) b4: اِسْتَجَلْنَا الجَهَامَ (tropical:) We saw the rainless clouds going about, or round about, in the horizon, (A, TA,) or in the sky. (TA.) جَالٌ: see جُولٌ, in five places: b2: and مِجْوَلٌ.

جَالٍ: see جَائِلٌ.

جَوْلٌ: see جَوْلَانٌ, in two places.

A2: Also A large army, or military force, or troop of horse: (Sgh, K:) pl. جُولٌ. (Sgh, TA.) A herd of camels: and a troop of خَيْل [meaning horses or horsemen]: as also ↓ جُولٌ in both these senses: (K:) or the latter, which is also explained in the K as signifying a herd of camels, and a flock of ostriches and of sheep or goats, is pl. of the former: (TA:) or the former signifies thirty [horses or horsemen]: or forty: (K:) or less: or more: (TA:) or the choice, or best, of camels: and [in like manner]

↓ جَوَالَةٌ signifies the choice and best; as in the saying, أَخَذَ جَوَالَةَ مَالِهِ [He took the choice and best of his cattle, or property]. (K. [See also 1, last two sentences: and see جَوَلَان.]) And Many great sheep or goats. (K.) b2: Also A male mountain-goat that is old, or advanced in age: (M, K:) pl. أَجْوَالٌ. (M, TA.) جُولٌ The wall [that surrounds the interior] of a well: accord. to A 'Obeyd, every side of a well, from its top to its bottom: and ↓ جَالٌ signifies the same: (S:) or the former, the side, or lateral part, (M, Msb, K,) of a well, and of a grave, and of the sea, and of a mountain; as also ↓ جَالٌ (M, K) and ↓ جِيلٌ: (K, TA; in the CK جَيْل:) or the surrounding parts [or sides] of a grave: (M, TA:) and الوَادِى ↓ جَالَا the two sides of the water of the valley: and البَحْرِ ↓ جَالَا the two shores of the sea, or great river: (T, TA:) pl. [of pauc.] أَجْوَالٌ, (Az, S, Msb, K,) pl. of جُولٌ and جَالٌ, (TA,) and [of mult.] جِوَالٌ and جِوَالَةٌ; (so in copies of the K, and in the M, but in some copies of the K جُوَالٌ and جُوَالَةٌ;) and أَجَاوِلُ is pl. of أَجْوَالٌ. (TA.) Also, as in the T and the Moheet, (TA,) The portion of rock that is at the bottom of the water, (K, TA.) upon which is the casing of the well; so that if it quit its place, the well falls to ruin: this is [said to be] the primary meaning of the word: and hence the saying, هٰذَا مَآءٌ لَا يُدْرَكُ جُولُهُ [This is water of which the rock beneath it is not to be reached]. (TA.) b2: [And from this word as signifying the casing of a well, or the portion of rock above mentioned,] (tropical:) Intelligence; (S, K, TA;) judgment, and intelligence, or full intelligence, or intelligence to which one has recourse; (T, TA;) understanding of the heart; (TA;) and resolution, or fixed purpose of mind; (S, M;) and prudence: (T, TA:) العَزْمُ in the K is erroneously put for الحَزْمُ. (TA.) You say, of a man, مَالَهُ جُولٌ (tropical:) He has not intelligence and judgment, or fixed purpose of mind, to withhold him, or protect him; like the جول of a well; (S, M, * TA; *) because a well, when cased with stone or the like, is stronger. (TA.) And رَجُلٌ لَهُ زَبْرٌ وَجُولٌ (tropical:) A man having judgment and intelligence, or full intelligence, or intelligence to which recourse is had; whose جول does not become demolished: and in like manner, هُوَ مَزْبُورٌ مَافَوقَ الجُولِ مِنْهُ وَصُلْبٌ مَاتَحْتَ الزَّبْرِ مِنَ الجُولِ: and in the contr. case, لَيْسَ لِفُلَانٍ

جُولٌ (tropical:) Such a one has not intelligence nor prudence; i. e., his جول is demolished, therefore one is not sure that the زبر [that rests upon it] may not also fall: and لَيْسَ لَهُ جُولٌ, and ↓ جَالٌ, (tropical:) He has not prudence. (T, TA.) b3: فَعَلْتُهُ مِنْ جُولِهِ I did it on account, or for the sake, or because, of him, or it. (Ibn-'Abbád, TA.) A2: See also جَوْلٌ: A3: and جَوْلَانٌ.

جِيلٌ: see جُولٌ.

جَوْلَانٌ Dust; as also ↓ جَوْلٌ and ↓ جُولٌ, (K,) both mentioned by Az, (TA,) and ↓ جَيْلَانٌ, (K,) mentioned by ISd: [or] all signify dust which the wind makes to turn about or round about, to circle, or to revolve, upon, or from, the surface of the earth. (TA.) And Small pebbles which the wind makes to turn about or round about, to circle, or to revolve; (K, TA;) as also ↓ جَوْلٌ and ↓ جَيْلَانٌ. (TA.) A2: جَوْلَانُ: see أَجْوَلُ.

جَوَلَانُ الهُمُومِ (tropical:) The first, or beginning, [lit. the revolving, (see 1,)] of anxieties. (Ibn-'Abbád, K, TA. [In the CK, erroneously, جَوْلانُ.]) You say, فِى قَلْبِهِ جَوَلَانُ الهُمُومِ (tropical:) In his heart are revolving anxieties. (A, TA.) A2: جَوَلَانُ المَالِ The small, or young, and bad, of cattle: (Fr, S, K:) so in the M and O; but in a copy of the M, written جَوْلان; which is app. a mistake. (TA.) Accord. to Ibn-'Abbád, The choice, or best, of cattle: the contr. of what is said by Fr. (TA. [See also جَوْلٌ.]) جَيْلَانٌ: see جَوْلَانٌ, in two places.

A2: جيْلَانُ: see أَجْوَلُ.

جَوْلَانِىٌّ: see أَجْوَلُ. b2: Also (tropical:) A man whose benefits are common to the near and the distant; (K, TA;) whose benefits go round to every one. (Sgh, TA.) جَيْلَانِىٌّ: see أَجْوَلُ.

جَوِيلٌ What the winds sweep away (AHn, M, K) and round about, (AHn, M,) of fragments of plants and of the fallen leaves of trees; (AHn, M, K;) as also ↓ جَائِلٌ. (M, TA.) جَوَالَةٌ: see جَوْلٌ.

جَوَائِلُ أَمْرٍ (assumed tropical:) The turns (دَوَائِر) of an affair, or event. (TA.) جَوَّالٌ One who goes about, or round about, much, or often, in the countries, or districts, (Msb,) TA,) not remaining fixed, or settled; (Msb;) as also ↓ جَوَّالَةٌ [but in a more intensive sense, meaning who does so very much, or very often]. (TA.) b2: A horse having a flexible head: (TA:) and ↓ أَجْوَلِىٌّ a swift horse, that turns about howsoever one turns him. (K, * TA.) جَوَّالَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

جَائِلٌ: see جَوِيلٌ. b2: Also Rainless clouds going round about. (A, TA.) b3: And, applied to a [woman's ornament of the kind termed] وِشَاح, and to a camel's belly-girth, Loose; not tight; unsteady; as also ↓ جَالٍ. (T, TA.) [Hence,] اِمْرَأَةٌ جَائِلَةُ الوِشَاحَيْنِ (tropical:) A woman slender in the waist. (Z, TA.) جَائِلَةٌ An affair in which one is engaged. (M, K.) See 4, last sentence.

أَجْوَلُ [More, and most, wont to go round, or about, or round about; to circle, or revolve;] is from the first of the verbs in this art.: and hence the prov., أَجْوَلُ مِنْ قُطْرُبٍ [More wont to go about, or round about, or more restless, than a قطرب; a certain animalcule, or insect, that is constantly moving about: see art. قطرب]. (Har p. 661.) b2: Also, [as meaning (assumed tropical:) More, and most, circulating,] applied to language, or discourse. (TA in art. جمع.) [See an ex. voce مَجْمَعٌ.] b3: يَوْمٌ أَجْوَلُ, and ↓ جَيْلَانِىٌّ, and ↓ جَوْلَانِىٌّ, (Lh, M, K,) and ↓ جَوْلَانُ, and ↓ جَيْلَانُ, (M, K,) A day of much dust (T, M, K) and wind: (T, TA:) from جَوْلٌ signifying “ dust.” (TA.) أَجْوَلِىٌّ: see جَوَّالٌ.

مَجَالٌ A place in which one goes round, or about, or round about: (TA:) [a field of battle: a circus:] a place of exercise for horses. (Har p. 16.) b2: [Hence] one says, لَمْ يَبْقَ مَجَالٌ فِى

الأَمْرِ (tropical:) [There remained not any scope in the affair, or case]. (TA.) مِجْوَلٌ A certain garment for women, (M, K,) doubled, and sewed together at one of its two sides, and having an opening made to it at the neck and bosom; in which a woman goes about: (M, TA:) or for a young girl; (K;) the دِرْع being for a woman: (TA:) a small garment in which a girl goes about: (S:) or a garment which a girl wears before she is made to keep herself behind, or within, the curtain, and in which she goes about: (Z, TA:) accord. to IAar, i. q. صُدْرَةٌ. (TA.) Imra-el-Keys says, إِلَى مِثْلِهَايَرْنُو الحَلِيمُ صَبَابَةً

إِذَا مَا اسْبَكَرَّتْ بَيْنَ دِرْعٍ وَمِجْوَلِ [At the like of her the staid would fixedly gaze with tenderness of desire, when she has become of erect and justly-proportioned stature, between such as wears a woman's shirt and such as wears a young girl's garment]. (S, * TA.) b2: A woman's anklet. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) b3: An amulet, a phylactery, or charm of the kind termed عُوذَة. (IAar, K.) b4: A crescent of silver in the middle of the necklace termed قِلَادَة. (IAar, K.) b5: Silver [itself]. (Th, K.) b6: A good, or sound, دِرْهَم [or silver coin]. (IAar, K.) b7: A shield; (S, O, K;) sometimes used in this sense; (S, O;) as also ↓ جَالٌ. (Ibn-'Abbád, TA.) b8: A large wooden bowl. (IAar, TA.) b9: A white ثَوْب [or piece of cloth] that is put upon the hand of him to whom the players at the game called المَيْسِر commit the arrows [to be shuffled and distributed, in order that he may not be able to distinguish them by the feel,] when they have collected themselves. (ISd, K, * TA.) [For the same purpose, a piece of thin skin was also used: see رِبَابَةٌ.]

A2: A pool of water left by a torrent; because the water goes round about in it. (IF, TA.) A3: A wild ass. (IAar, K.) مُسْتَجَالٌ [pass. part. n. of 10, Turned from the right course, &c.:] excited to lightness, or levity, and unsteadiness: (TA:) being bereft of his reason, or intellect. (AA, TA.)

جدب

1 جَدُبَ, (A, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (K,) inf. n. جُدُوبَةٌ, (S, A, Msb, K,) It (a place, S, A, K, or a country, or region, Msb,) was, or became, affected with drought, barrenness, or dearth; or with drought, and dryness of the earth; (S, A, Msb, K;) as also جَدِبَ, (A,) inf. n. جَدَبٌ; (KL;) or جَدَبَ; (K;) and ↓ اجدب; (A, K;) or جَدِبَت, aor. ـَ and ↓ أَجْدَبَت; both said of the earth or land (الأَرْض): (Msb:) and ↓ أَجْدَبَتِ البِلَادُ the countries, or regions, were affected with drought, and the prices became high [therein]. (TA.) A2: جَدَبَهُ, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (M, Msb, K) and جَدُبَ, (K,) inf. n. جَدْبٌ, (Msb,) He found fault with it; dispraised it; expressed disapprobation of it. (S, M, A, Msb, K.) So in the saying (S, A) relating to 'Omar, (A, TA,) in a trad., (S,) جَدَبَ السَّمَرَ بَعْدَ العِشَآءِ (S) or بَعْدَ العَتَمَةِ (A) [He expressed disapprobation of night-discourse after nightfall, or after the first third of the night reckoned from the disappearance of the redness of the twilight].3 جَادَبَتِ الإِبِلُ العَامَ, (ISk, S, A, TA,) inf. n. مُجَادَبَةٌ, (TA,) The camels experienced, or have experienced, drought, and barrenness, or dryness of the earth, this year, and have become in such a state as not to eat anything but dry and black herbage, dry ثُمَام [or panic grass]: (ISk, S, TA:) or have not met with, or found, anything but what was bad, by reason of drought, and barrenness, or dryness of the earth, this year. (A.) 4 أَجْدَبَ see 1, in three places. b2: أَجْدَبَتِ السَّنَةُ The year became one of drought, barrenness, or dearth; or drought, and dryness of the earth. (A, * TA.) b3: اجدب القَوْمُ The people, or company of men, experienced drought, barrenness, or death; or drought, and dryness of the earth. (S, A, Msb, K.) b4: [Hence,] نَزَلْنَا بِبَنِى فُلَانٍ فَأَجْدَبْنَا (tropical:) We alighted as guests at the abode of the sons of such a one, and found not entertainment with them, though they were in the enjoyment of plenty: (A:) [or] نَزَلْنَا فُلَانًا فَأَجَْبْنَاهُ (assumed tropical:) we alighted as guests at the abode of such a one, and [found that] he did not entertain us. (TA.) [The latter, if correct, is from what next follows.]

A2: اجدب الأَرْضَ He found the land to be affected with drought, barrenness, or dearth; or with drought, and dryness of the earth. (S, A, K.) 5 مَا أَتَجَدَّبُ أَنْ أَصْحَبَكَ (assumed tropical:) I do not deem it disagreeable, or unsuitable, to accompany thee; syn. مَا أَسْتَوْخِمُ. (K.) جَدْبٌ Drought, barrenness, or dearth; contr. of خِصْبٌ; (S;) i. q. مَحْلٌ, (A, Msb, K,) i. e. drought, or suspension of rain, and dryness of the earth; (Msb;) dryness and barrenness of the earth: (Har p. 576:) and ↓ جِدَبٌّ is a name, or subst., for الجَدْبٌ, (K, TA,) meaning المَحْلُ; as in the saying of the rájiz, cited by Sb, لَقَدْ خَشِيتُ أَنْ أَرَى جِدَبَّا فِى عَامِنَا بَعْدَ مَا أَخْصَبَّا [Verily I feared to see drought, or barrenness, &c., in this our year, after it had been abundant in herbage]; جِدَبَّا being used for الجَدْبَا; or, accord. to one reading, it is ↓ جَدْبَبَّا, with a doubled ب added; the change being made for the sake of the metre. (M, TA. [Respecting أَخْصَبَّا, see 4 in art. خصب.]) b2: Also A place, (S, A, K,) or a country, or region, (Msb,) affected with drought, barrenness, or dearth; or with drought, and dryness of the earth; and so ↓ جَدِيبٌ (S, A, Msb, K) and ↓ جَدُوبٌ and ↓ مَجْدُوبٌ, (K,) the last derived from جُدِبَ though this verb has not been used, (TA,) and ↓ مُجْدِبٌ, (M, A,) of which the pl. is مَجَادِيبُ. (A.) You say also أَرْضٌ جَدْبٌ [in which جدب is an inf. n. (though app. obsolete as such) and therefore applicable to a fem. subst.] (ISd, TA) and جَدْبَةٌ (S, A, Msb, K) and ↓ جَدِبَةٌ (A, Msb) and ↓ جَدِيبٌ (Msb) and ↓ جَدُوبٌ (Lh, M, Msb) and ↓ مُجْدِبَةٌ, of which last the pl. is مَجَادِيبُ, (Msb,) A land affected with drought, &c.: (S, M, A, &c.:) and أَرْضُونَ جُدُوبٌ, (S, K,) as though to each part were applied the term جَدْبٌ [used as a subst.] from which is formed the pl. جُدُوبٌ, (TA,) and جَدْبٌ, (K,) which is here an inf. n. used as an epithet [and therefore applicable to a pl. subst.], (TA,) lands affected with drought, &c. (S, K.) And ↓ فَلَاةٌ جَدْبَآءُ [fem. of أَجْدَبُ] (M, K) A desert affected with drought, &c.; (K;) in which is neither little nor much, neither pasture nor herbage. (M, TA.) And ↓ فُلَانٌ جَدِيبُ الجَنَابِ Such a one is environed by a tract affected with drought, &c. (S. [But this phrase is generally used tropically, as meaning (assumed tropical:) Such a one is ungenerous or illiberal or inhospitable. See art. جنب.]) And سَنَةٌ جَدْبَةٌ (K in art. جرز) and عَامٌ

↓ جَدُوبٌ (M, TA) [A year of drought, &c.]. See also أَجَادِبُ, in two places.

A2: Also i. q. عَيْبٌ [A vice, fault, defect, &c.]; (S, A, K;) a signification which may be either proper or tropical. (Er-Rághib, MF.) أَرْضٌ جَدِبَةٌ: see جَدْبٌ.

أَخَذَ فِى وَادِى جَدَبَاتٍ: see جَذَبَات, in art. جذب.

جِدَبٌّ and جَدْبَبٌّ: see جَدْبٌ.

جَدُوبٌ: see جَدْبٌ, in three places.

جَدِيبٌ: see جَدْبٌ, in three places.

جَادِبٌ Finding fault, dispraising, expressing disapprobation: whence the saying of Dhu-rRummeh, فَيَا لَكَ مِنْ خَدٍّ أَسِيلٍ و مَنْطِقٍ

رَخِيمٍ وَمِنْ خَلْقٍ تَعَلَّلَ جَادِبُهْ meaning [O thou smooth and even cheek, and gentle speech, and make] whereof he who dispraises it occupies himself vainly, finding no defect in it. (S, TA.) b2: It is also said [as in the K &c.] to signify Lying; and the author of the 'Eyn says that it has no verb belonging to it [in this sense]; but this is a mistranscription [for خَادِبٌ]: Az says that جَادِبٌ, with ج, has the signification here first given. (M, TA.) جُنْدَبٌ and جُنْدُبٌ (S, K, &c.) and جِنْدَبٌ, like دِرْهَمٌ, (Sb, M, K,) the last of which is of weakest authority, because of a rare measure, whereof it has been said that there are only four examples: (TA:) in all of them the ن is said by some to be radical; but others, with more reason, hold it to be augmentative: (MF:) Sb says that it is augmentative: (S:) A species of locust, (S, K,) well known: (K:) or the male locust: or small locust: or, accord. to Seer, i. q. صَدًى [a kind of cricket], that creaks by night, and hops and flies: [but see صَدًى:] or, accord. to the M, it is smaller than the صدى, and is found in the deserts: pl. جَنَادِبُ. (TA.) صرّ الجندب [i. e. صَرَّ الجُنْدَبُ The جندب creaked] is a saying of the Arabs, used as a proverb; alluding to a difficult affair by which a person is troubled in mind; originating from the fact that the جندب, when its feet are scorched by the heated ground, does not keep them steadily upon it, and a creaking sound is consequently heard, produced by its legs. (TA.) b2: أُمُّ جُنْدَبٍ The sand; because the locust [or جندب] deposits its eggs therein: and the walker therein falls into evil [or encounters difficulty]. (TA.) b3: [Hence it signifies also] Misfortune: (S, M, K:) and perfidy, or faithlessness, or treachery: (M, K:) and wrong, or injury: (S, M, K:) and evil conduct, or ill treatment. (S.) You say, وَقَعَ فُلَانٌ فِى

أُمِّ جُنْدَبٍ Such a one fell into misfortune: or into perfidy. (TA.) And وَقَعُوا فِى أُمِّ جُنْدَبٍ

They suffered wrong, or injury. (Az, S, K.) And وَقَعَ القَوْمُ جُنْدَبٍ The people, or company of men, committed wrong, or injury, and slew him who was not a slayer: (TA:) [as though they came with violence upon sand in which eggs of the جندب were deposited, and so destroyed the eggs, which had occasioned them no harm.] And رَكِبَ أُمَّ جُنْدَبٍ He committed wrong, or injury. (TA.) أَجْدَبُ i. q. جَدْبٌ as syn. with جَدِيبٌ: fem.

جَدْيَآءُ. Hence,] فَلَاةٌ جَدْيَآءُ: see جَدْبٌ. b2: [Hence also,] سَنَةٌ جَدْبَآءُ A year of much snow. (L in art. شهب.) b3: أَجْدَبُ is [also] said in the M to be [used as] a subst. applied to what is termed مُجْدِب [i. e. as syn. with the latter word used as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant; app. meaning A place, or the like, affected with drought, &c.]. (TA.) b4: [Also, as a comparative and superlative epithet, meaning More, and most, affected with drought, &c.; contr. of أَخْصَبُ.]

أَجَادِبُ, in a trad., where it is said, وَكَانَتْ فِيهِ

أَجَادِبُ أَمْسَكَتِ المَآءِ, (K, * TA,) or وكانت فِيهَا, (TA,) [And there were in it اجادب that retained the water], is said to be pl. of أَجْدُبٌ, which is pl. of ↓ جَدْبٌ, (K, TA,) like as أَكَالِبُ is pl. of أَكْلُبٌ, which is pl. of كَلْبٌ; (TA;) and signifies hard parts of the ground, that retain water, and do not imbibe it quickly; or, as some say, land having no plants or herbage, from ↓ جَدْبٌ meaning “ drought ” &c: the word is thus written in the two Saheehs, of El-Bukháree and Muslim: (IAth, TA:) but some say that it is an anomalous pl. of جَدْبٌ, like as مَحَاسِنُ is of حُسْنٌ: and there are other readings; namely, أَجَاذِبُ and أَحَادِبُ and أَحَازِبُ and أَجَارِدُ, pl. of أَجْرَدُ, and إِخَاذَاتٌ, pl. of إِخَاذَةٌ. (MF, TA.) مُجْدِبٌ, and its fem., with ة: see جَدْبٌ.

مِجْدَابٌ Land scarely ever, or never, abundant in herbage, or in the goods, conveniences, or comforts, of life; scarcely ever, or never, fruitful, or plentiful. (K.) مَجْدُوبٌ: see جَدْبٌ.

جوع

1 جَاعَ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (S,) inf. n. جَوْعٌ, (Msb, K,) or جُوعٌ, (S, so in two copies,) or this is a simple subst., (Msb, TA,) and مَجَاعَةٌ, (S, K,) He was, or became, hungry; or empty in the belly; (TA;) contr. of شَبِعَ. (S, K, TA.) [See also جُوعٌ below.] b2: [Hence,] جَاعَ إِلَيْهِ, (K,) or جَاعَ إِلَى لِقَائِهِ, (M, TA,) (tropical:) He desired, (M, K, *) and longed, (K,) [as though hungering,] to meet with him; like عَطِشَ. (M, K. *) and جَاعَ إِلَى مَالِهِ (tropical:) He longed for his property. (Az.) 2 جَوَّعَ see 4, in two places.4 اجاعهُ, (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. إِجَاعَةٌ; (Msb;) and ↓ جوّعهُ, (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَجْوِيعٌ; (Msb;) He constrained him to be hungry, or empty in the belly: (S, * K, TA:) or he debarred him from food and drink. (Msb.) It is said in a prov., أَجِعْ كَلْبَكَ يَتْبَعْكَ [Make thy dog to be hungry and he will follow thee]; (S, K;) meaning (assumed tropical:) constrain thou the ignoble to have recourse to thee, by want, in order that he may continue by thee; (K, * TA;) for if he be in no need of thee, he will leave thee: and for أَجِعْ, some say ↓ جَوِّعْ. (TA.) 5 تجوّع He made himself hungry, or empty in the belly, intentionally, or purposely. (S, K.) You say, تَوَحَّشْ لِلدَّوَآءِ and تَجَوَّعْ لِلدَّوَآءِ, [Make thyself hungry, or make thy stomach empty of food and beverage, (see art. وحش,) or] abstain thou from eating the full quantity of food, for the purpose of taking medicine. (TA.) 10 استجاع He showed hunger. (KL, PS.) b2: [Hence,] اِسْتِجَاعَةُ العِلْمِ (assumed tropical:) The being insatiable of knowledge. (TA.) جُوعٌ, a subst., (Msb, TA,) signifying Hunger; or emptiness of the belly; (TA;) contr. of شِبَعٌ; (S, K, TA;) as also ↓ مَجَاعَةٌ, [properly an inf. n.,] and ↓ مَجْوَعَةٌ, (K, TA,) and ↓ مَجُوعَةٌ. (TA.) Yousay, جُوعًا لَهُ وَنُوعًا [May God decree hunger to him]: accord. to Sb, an instance of inf. ns. in the accus. case by reason of a verb understood: it is a form of imprecation: and the latter noun may not be put before the former, because it is a corroborative to it: (TA:) or, accord. to some, نُوعٌ means“ thirst. ” (S, &c., in art. نوع.) And ↓ عَامُ مَجَاعَةٍ and ↓ مَجْوَعَةٍ (S, K) and ↓ مَجُوعَةٍ (TA) A year in which is hunger, or emptiness of the belly: (K, TA:) and ↓ عَامُ المَجَاعَةِ and ↓ المَجُوعَةِ [the year of hunger, &c.]: (Msb:) pl. مَجَائِعُ (K) and مَجَاوِهُ: as in the phrases أَصَابَتْهُمُ المَجَاوِعُ [Cases of hunger, &c., befell them] and وَقَعُوافِى

المَجَاوِعِ [They fell into cases of hunger, &c.]. (TA.) And ↓ الرَّضَاعَةُ مِنَ المَجَاعَةِ, meaning The sucking which occasions interdiction [of marriage with the woman whose milk is sucked and certain of her relations] is that consequent upon hunger which is stopped by the milk in the time of infancy of the child; not when the child's hunger is only to be stopped by solid food. (Mgh.) [See also 1 in art. رضع.] And it is said in a prov., سَمَنُ كَلْبٍ بِجُوعِ أَهْلِهِ, i. e. [The dog's becoming fat is] by reason of [the hunger of his owners occasioned by] murrain befalling the camels; (K, * TA;) his owners falling into hunger and distress and leanness: (TA:) or كلب was the name of a certain man, who was an object of fear, wherefore he was asked for a pledge, and he pledged his family: then obtaining possession of the camels, or cattle, of the people to whom he had pledged his family, he drove them away, and left his family: (K, TA:) some relate this prov. differently, saying [سَمِنَ كَلْبٌ “ a dog,” or “ Kelb,”

“ became fat,” and] بِبُؤْسِ أَهْلِهِ [“ by reason of the distress of his owners,” or “ his family ”]. (TA.) [See Freytag's Arab. Prov. i. 615.]

جَوْعَةٌ A single temporary affection of hunger. (S, TA.) A state of destitution and hunger of a tribe. (TA.) جَوْعَانُ: see the next paragraph.

جَائِعٌ and ↓ جَوْعَانُ, (Msb, K, TA,) but not جَيْعَانُ, [as the vulgar say,] for this a mistake, (TA,) Hungry; or empty in the belly: (K, * TA:) or debarred from food and drink: (Msb:) the fem. [of the former] is جَائِعَةٌ and [of the latter] جَوْعَى: (Msb, K:) and the pl. [of the former] is جُوَّعٌ (S, Msb, K) and جُيَّعٌ, with the و changed into ى, (L,) and [of the latter, or perhaps of both,] جِيَاعٌ (S, K) and جَاعَةٌ (K * in art. سوع) and جَيَاعَى [with the و changed into ى contr. to rule, if this be not a mistake for جِيَاعٌ, in which the و is changed into ى by rule]. (Msb.) You say جَائِعٌ نَائِعٌ; the latter word being an imitative sequent; (TA;) or, accord. to some, signifying “ thirsty. ” (S, &c., in art. نوع.) b2: رَجُلٌ جَائِعُ القِدْرِ (tropical:) A man whose cookingpot is not full. (TA.) b3: اِمْرَأَةٌ جَائِعَةُ الوِشَاحِ (tropical:) A woman slender in the [waist, or] belly. (K, * TA.) [See art. وشح.]

مَجَاعٌ [The space in which one becomes hungry]. You say, هُوَ مِنِّى عَلَى قَدْرِ مَجَاعِ الشَّبْعَانِ, i. e., عَلَى قَدْرِ مَا يَجُوعُ الشَّبْعَانُ [He, or it, is distant from me as far as the space in which he who is satiated with food becomes hungry]: (O, K: *) and in like manner, عَلَى قَدْرِ مَعْطَشِ الرَّيَّانِ [as far as the space in which he who is satisfied with drink becomes thirsty]. (Z, TA.) مَجَاعَةٌ: see جُوعٌ, in four places.

مَجْوَعَةٌ and مَجُوعَةٌ: see جُوعٌ, in five places.

مُسْتَجِيعٌ A man (S) who always shows himself, or is seen, to be hungry: (S, A, O, K:) or, accord. to Aboo-Sa'eed, who is always eating one thing after another. (Sgh, L.)

جرس

1 جَرَسَ, [aor., app., جَرُسَ and جَرِسَ, as seems to be implied in the K, inf. n. جَرْسٌ, which see below,] He, or it, made a sound; (TA;) as also ↓ اجرس: (Mgh, TA:) [or both signify he, or it, made a low, gentle, slight, or soft, sound; as appears from what follows.] You say, جَرَسَ بِالكَلَامِ, (A,) or جَرَسَ الكَلَامَ, (Msb,) He spoke in a low, gentle, or soft, voice or tone; or with modulation, or melody; syn. نَغَمَ فِيهِ, (A,) or نَغَمَ بِهِ. (Msb.) And جَرَسَ, (S,) inf. n. جَرْسٌ; (K;) and ↓ تجرٍّ; (S, K;) He spoke: (K:) or he said a thing, and spoke in a low, gentle, or soft, voice or tone, or with modulation or melody; expl. by تَكَلَّمَ بِشَىْءٍ وَتَنَغَّمَ. (Lth, S.) And ↓ اجرس is also used in the senses here following. It (a bird) caused the sound of its passing to be heard: (S, A, * K:) and in like manner it is said of a man. (K, accord. to the TA; but not found by me in any copy of the K.) ↓ And (tropical:) It (an ornament, حَلْىٌ,) made a sound (S, A, * K) like that of a جَرَس [or bell]; (TA;) as also ↓ انجرس. (A, TA.) ↓ and It (a tribe, حَىٌّ,) made its sound (جَرْس) to be heard: or, accord. to the T, made the sound of the جَرْس of a thing to be heard. (TA.) ↓ and He (a man) raised his voice. (TA.) ↓ And He (a camel-driver) sang to camels for the purpose of urging or exciting: (S, K:) or raised his voice in doing so. (A.) b2: [Hence, app.,] جَرَسَ, aor. ـُ (Lth, AO, S, K,) and جَرِسَ, (K,) inf. n. جَرْسٌ, (Lth, AO, K,) He ate [a thing: because a slight sound is made in doing so]: (AO, TA:) or he licked [a thing] with his tongue. (K.) You say, جَرَسَت النَّحْلُ العُرْفُطَ The bees ate the [trees called]

عرفط: (S) and جَرَسَتِ النَّوْرَ, (Lth, A,) and العَسَلَ [put tropically for النَّوْرَ because honey is made from flowers or blossoms], (Lth, TA,) the bees ate the flowers, or blossoms, making a sound in so doing: (A:) or licked the flowers, or blossoms, and thence made honey. (Lth, TA.) And جَرَسَتِ المَاشِيَةُ الشَّجَرَ, and العُشْبَ, The beasts licked the trees, and the herbage. (TA.) And جَرَسَتِ البَقَرَةُ وَلَدَهَا The cow licked her young one. (TA.) 2 جرّس بِالقَوْمِ, inf. n. تَجْرِيسٌ, He rendered the persons notorious, or infamous; [as, for instance, by parading them, and making public proclamation before them; accord. to the usage of the verb in the present day;] syn. سَمَّعَ بِهِمْ, (K,) and نَدَّدَ, (Ibn-'Abbád, TA,) and صَوَّتَ. (A.) A2: جَرَّسَتْهُ الأُمُورُ, (S,) and الدُّهُورُ, (TA,) inf. n. as above, (K,) (tropical:) [Events, and misfortunes,] rendered him experienced, or expert, and sound, or firm, in judgment &c. (S, K, * TA) 4 اجرس: see 1, in six places. b2: اجرس بِالحَلْىِ (tropical:) [He made a sound with the ornament]: said of the owner [or wearer] of the ornament. (A.) b3: اجرس الجَرَسَ He struck [or sounded] the bell. (TA.) b4: أَجْرَسَنِى السَّبُعُ The animal of prey heard my sound (جَرْسِى): (ISk, S, A, K:) or heard it from afar. (TA.) 5 تَجَرَّسَ see 1.7 إِنْجَرَسَ see 1.

جَرْسٌ (S, A, Msb, K) and ↓ جِرْسٌ (S, A, K) and ↓ جَرَسٌ (Kr, ISd) A sound: (ISk, A, K:) or a low, faint, gentle, slight, or soft, sound: (IDrd, S A, K:) such, for instance, as the sound of the beaks of birds, (S, A, Msb,) pecking, (A,) upon a thing which they are eating: (S:) and that of bees eating flowers or blossoms: (A:) and of a tribe [or crowd of men, more particularly as heard from some distance; i. e., a hum]: (TA:) and of a camel-driver singing to his beasts to urge or excite them: (A:) and the slight sound of a letter of the alphabet: (TA:) and low, gentle, or soft, speech: (Msb:) or when the word is used alone, [i. e., not coupled with another noun as it is in the second of the two examples here following,] it is with fet-h: thus one says, مَا سَمِعْتُ لَهُ جَرْسًا; (A, K;) i. e., I heard not any sound of him, or it: (TA:) but you say, ↓ مَا سَمِعْتُ لَهُ حِسًّا وَلَا جِرْسًا, with kesr; (A, K;) i. e., I heard not any motion, nor any sound, of him, or it: (TA in art. حس:) pl. [app. of the third] أَجْرَاسٌ. (Ham p. 200.) [See also جَرْشٌ.]

جِرْسٌ: see what next precedes, in two places.

جَرَسٌ [A bell;] a thing well known; (Msb;) the thing that is hung to the neck of the camel (S, Mgh, K) &c., and that makes a sound: (Mgh:) or, accord. to some, the [little round bell called] جُلْجُل: (TA:) and also that which is struck [to make it sound]: (Lth, S, K:) the thing that is struck by the Christians at the times of prayers: (Har p. 616:) pl. أجْرَاسٌ. (Mgh, Msb.) It is said in a trad., لَا تَصْحَبُ المَلَائِكَةُ رُفْقَةً فِيهَا جَرَسٌ [The angels will not accompany an assemblage of persons journeying together among whom is a bell]: (S, TA:) the reason is said to be, because it guides others to them; for Mo-hammad liked not to let the enemy know of his approach until he came upon them suddenly. (TA.) A2: See also جَرْسٌ.

جُرْسَةٌ The act of rendering [a person or persons] notorious, or infamous. (TA.) [See 2.]

جَارُوسٌ Voracious. (IAar, K.) جَوَارِسُ [as though pl. of جَارِسَةٌ] Bees: (S:) or bees eating flowers, or blossoms, and making a sound in doing so: (A:) or جَوَارِسُ النَّحْلِ signifies the males of bees. (TA.) جَاوَرْسٌ [A species of millet;] a kind of grain, (Msb, K,) well known, (K,) resembling ذُرَة, but smaller: (Msb:) or, accord. to some, a species of دُخْن: (Msb:) or i. q. دُخْنٌ: (S in art. دخن, and TA in art. دخل:) or a well-known grain, which is eaten, like دُخْن, of which there are three species, the best whereof is the yellow [الصفر, or the word may be الاصغر, the smallest,] and weighty: it is likened to rice in its power, or virtue, is more astringent than دُخْن, promotes the flow of urine, and constringes: the word is arabicized, from [the Persian] گَاوِرْسْ. (TA.) مُجَرَّسٌ (S) and مُجَرِّسٌ (TA) (tropical:) A man (TA) experienced, or expert, in affairs, (S, TA,) and rendered sound, or firm, in judgment &c. (TA.) And with ة, (tropical:) A she-camel tried and proved by use, or practice, in pace and riding. (TA.) مَجْرُوسٌ [Uttered with a sound: or with a low, gentle, slight, or soft, sound]. Every letter of the alphabet is مَجْرُوسَة, except the soft letters, (A, TA,) namely, وا, and ى. (TA.)

جمر

1 جَمڤرَ see 2, in two places: A2: and see also 4: b2: and 5.

A3: Also جَمَرَهُ He gave him جَمْر [live, or burning, coals]. (K.) A4: He put him aside, apart, away, or at a distance. (Th, K.) b2: جَمَرتِ الشَّمْسُ القَمَرِ, aor. ـُ The sun concealed [or as it were put out] the moon [by its proximity thereto: see اِبْنُ جَمِيرٍ]. (IAar, TA.) A5: جَمَرَ [said of the moon, It became concealed by its proximity to the sun: see an ex. voce جَمِيرٌ: and see also 4].

A6: Also, (K,) aor. ـِ (TA,) He (a horse) leaped while shackled; and so ↓ اجمر. (K.) 2 جمّر, inf. n. تَجْمِيرٌ; (K;) and ↓ جَمَرَ; (Msb;) He collected together (Msb, K) a people, and anything. (Msb.) b2: جَمَّرَتْ شَعَرَهَا, inf. n. تَجْمِيرٌ; (S, A, K;) and ↓ جَمَرَتْهُ, (Msb,) and ↓ أَجْمَرَتْهُ; (K;) She (a woman) collected together her hair, (S, A, Msb, K,) and tied it in knots, or made it knotted and crisp, (عَقَدَتْهُ, S, A, Msb,) at the back of her neck; (S, A, Msb, K;) not letting it hang down loosely: (S:) or plaited it: (T, TA:) and جمّر شَعَرَهُ he collected together his hair at the back of his head: (Mgh:) and رَأْسَهَا ↓ اجمرت she collected together the hair of her head, and plaited it: and شَعَرَهُ ↓ اجمر he disposed his hair in ذَوَائِب [or locks hanging down loosely from the middle of the head to the back, or plaits hanging down]. (TA.) b3: And جمّر It (a thing) necessitated a people to unite together. (TA.) b4: Also, (inf. n. as above, S,) He (a commander, As, A) detained the army in the territory of the enemy, (S, K,) or on the frontier of the enemy's country, (A,) and did not bring them back (S, A, K) from the frontier: (S:) the doing of which is forbidden: (TA:) or he detained them long on the frontier of the enemy, and did not give them permission to return to their families: (As, TA:) or he collected them on the frontiers of the enemy, and kept them from returning to their families. (TA.) A2: See also 4: b2: and 5.

A3: جمّر الثَّوْبَ, (A, Mgh, Msb,) inf. n. as above, (Mgh, Msb,) He fumigated the garment with perfume; (A, * Mgh, Msb;) as also ↓ اجمرهُ: (Mgh, Msb, K:) but the former is the more common. (Mgh.) And جمّر المَسْجِدَ, (Mgh, TA,) or ↓ اجمرهُ, accord. to different modes of writing the surname of a certain No'eym, i. e., المُجَمِّرُ or المُجْمِرُ, (TA,) [and accord. to different copies of the K,] He fumigated the mosque with perfume: (Mgh:) [or perhaps it may mean he strewed the ground of the mosque with pebbles; from جَمْرَةٌ; like حَصَّبَهُ, from حَصَبَةٌ or حَصْبَآءُ or حَصْبَةٌ.] b2: and جمّر [for جمّر لَحْمًا] He put flesh-meat upon live coals [to roast]. (A.) A4: Also, (A,) inf. n. as above, (S, A,) He (a pilgrim, A) threw the pebbles [in the valley of Minè]; (S;) and so ↓ استجمر. (TA in art. تو.) Hence, يَوْمُ التَّجْمِير [The day of the throwing of the pebbles, by the pilgrims, in the valley of Minè]. (A.) [See جَمْرَةٌ.]

A5: جمّر النَّخْلَةَ, (inf. n. as above, A,) He cut off the heart, or pith, (جُمَّار,) of the palmtree. (S, A. K. *) 4 أَجْمَرَتْ شَعَرَهَا, and رَأْسَهَا; and اجمر شَعَرَهُ: see 2. b2: اجمر الأَمْرُ بَنِى فُلَانٍ The thing, or affair, included the common mass, (K,) or the whole mass, (TA,) of the sons of such a one within the compass of its relation or relations, or its effect or effects, &c. (K, TA.) b3: اجمر النَّخْلُ He computed by conjecture the quantity of the fruit upon the palm-trees, and then reckoned, and summed up the quantity so computed. (K.) He who does so is termed ↓ مُجْمِرٌ. (TA.) b4: اجمر الخَيْلُ He prepared the horses for racing &c. by feeding them with food barely sufficient to sustain them, after they had become fat, (أَضْمَرَهَا,) and collected them together. (K.) A2: اجمر القَوْمُ عَلَى الشَّىْءِ, (S,) or على الأَمْرِ; (K;) and ↓ جمّر, (K,) inf. n. تَجْمِيرٌ; (TA;) and ↓ جَمَرَ, and ↓ استجمر; (K;) The people, or party, agreed together to do the thing, (S, K,) and united for it. (K.) [See also 5.]

A3: اجمر الثَّوْبَ, and المَسْجِدَ: see 2. b2: اجمر النَّارَ, inf. n. مُجْمَرٌ, He prepared the fire [app. in a مِجْمَرَة]. (S, * K.) A4: اجمر said of a camel, He had his foot rendered even, so that there was no line between its phalanges, (K, TA,) in consequence of its having been wounded by the pebbles, and become hard. (TA.) A5: Also, said of a camel, (S,) and of a man, (TA,) He hastened, or was quick, in his pace, or going; (S, K;) and ran: (TA:) you should not say اجمز. (S.) b2: See also 1.

A6: أَجْمَرَتِ اللَّيْلَةُ The night had its moon concealed by its proximity to the sun. (K, * TA.) [See also 1.]5 تجمّر It (a people, or party,) collected together; (A, Mgh, TA;) [and] so ↓ جَمَرَ; this verb being intrans. as well as trans.: (Msb: [see 2:]) and ↓ جمّر it (a tribe) collected together, and became one band. (As, TA.) b2: It (an army) became detained in the territory of the enemy, and was not brought back (S, K) from the frontier; (S;) as also ↓ استجمر. (K.) A2: See also 10.8 اجتمر بِالمِجْمَرِ, (K,) and ↓ استجمر, (AHn, A, Mgh,) He fumigated, or perfumed, himself with aloes-wood [or the like]. (AHn, A, Mgh, K.) 10 استجمر: see 4: b2: and 5: A2: and 8: A3: and 2. b2: Also, [and vulgarly ↓ تجمّر,] He performed the purification termed اِسْتِنْجَآء with جِمَار, (Mgh, Msb, K,) i. e., with stones, (Az, S, Msb,) or small stones. (Mgh, TA.) جَمْرٌ: see what next follows, in two places.

جَمْرَةٌ A live, or burning, coal; a piece of smokeless burning fire: (Msb:) or burning fire: (K:) [but the former is the correct explanation:] when cold, [before it is kindled,] it is called فَحْمٌ (TA) [or حَطَبٌ &c.]: and when reduced to powder by burning, رَمَادٌ: (L in art. رمد:) from جَمَّرَ “ he collected together: ” (Mgh:) pl. ↓ جَمْرٌ (S, Msb, K) [or rather this is a coll. gen. n.] and جَمَرَاتٌ and جِمَارٌ. (Msb.) b2: [Hence,] فِى ↓ الجَمْرُ كَبِدِى (tropical:) [Live coals are in my liver]. (A.) b3: [Hence also,] الجَمَرَاتُ الثَّلَاثُ (assumed tropical:) [The three live coals; meaning the first three degrees of heat]: the first is in the air; the second, in the earth, or dust; and the third, in the water: [or, accord. to the modern Egyptian almanacs, the first is in the air, and is cold, or cool; the second, in the water, and is lukewarm; and the third, in the earth, or dust, and is hot: the first falling exactly a zodiacal month before the vernal equinox; and each lasting seven days:] whence the saying, كَانَ ذٰلِكَ عِنْدَ سُقُوطِ الجَمْرَةِ (assumed tropical:) [That was at the time of the falling of the live coal]; i. e., when the heat had acquired strength. (TA.) A2: Any body of men that have united together, and become one band, and that do not form a confederacy with any others: (S:) or a body of men that congregate by themselves, because of their strength and their great valour; [said to be] from the same word signifying “ a live coal: ” (Msb:) or any people that endure patiently fighting with those who fight them, not forming a confederacy with any others, nor uniting themselves to any others: (Lth, TA:) or a tribe that does not unite itself to any other: (K:) or that comprises three hundred horsemen, (K,) or the like thereof: (TA:) or a tribe that fights with a company of tribes: (TA:) pl. جَمَرَاتٌ. (S, Msb, K.) You say, بَنُو فُلَانٍ جَمْرَةٌ The sons of such a one are a people able to defend themselves, and strong. (TA.) جَمَرَاتُ العَرَبِ is an appellation especially applied to three tribes; namely, Benoo-Dabbeh Ibn-Udd, and Benu-l-Hárith Ibn-Kaab, and Benoo-Numeyr Ibn-' Ámir; (S, A, K;) the first of which became extinguished by confederating with Er-Ribáb, and the second by confederating with Medhhij; the third only remaining [a جمرة] because it formed no confederacy: (S:) or it is applied to 'Abs and El-Hárith and Dabbeh; all the offspring of a woman who dreamt that three live coals issued from her فَرْج. (S, K.) b2: Also A thousand horsemen. (S, K.) One says جَمْرَةٌ كَالجَمْرَةِ [A troop of a thousand horsemen like the live coal]. (S, TA.) A3: A pebble: (S, K:) or a stone: (Msb:) or a small stone or pebble: pl. جِمَارٌ (Mgh, Msb, Et-Towsheeh, TA) and جَمَرَاتٌ. (Mgh, Msb.) b2: Also sing. of جَمَرَاتٌ (S, Msb, K) and of جِمَارٌ (TA) in the appellations جَمَرَاتُ مِنًى (Msb) or جَمَرَاتُ المَنَاسِكِ (S, K) and جِمَارُ المَنَاسِكِ, (TA,) which were three in number, (S, Msb, K,) called الجَمْرَةُ الأُولَى and الجَمْرَةُ الوُسْطَى and جَمْرَةُ العَقَبَةِ, (K,) at which جَمَرَات (i. e. small pebbles, TA) were cast; (S, K;) each of these being a heap of pebbles, at Minè, and each two heaps [or rather each heap and that next to it] being about a bow-shot apart: (Msb:) accord. to Th, from جَمَرَهُ “ he put him aside, apart, away, or at a distance: ” or from أَجْمَرَ “ he hastened; ”

because Adam pelted Iblees in Minè, and he hastened away before him: (K, * TA:) or from تجمّروا “ they collected together: ” (Mgh:) or from جَمَرَهُ “ he collected it together. ” (Msb.) A4: See also جَمِيرَةٌ.

جَمَارٌ An assembly; an assemblage; a collection: (K:) a people assembled together. (TA.) b2: عَدَّ إِبِلَهُ جَمَارًا He counted, or numbered, his camels in one herd, (As, TA,) by looking at their aggregate. (As, T voce نَظِيرٌ, q. v.) b3: جَاؤُوا

↓ جَمَارَى, and with tenween, [i. e., app., جَمَارًا, not, as might be thought at first sight, جَمَارًى, a form which MF disapproves, though it is said in the TA that his disapproval requires consideration,] They came all together, or all of them. (K.) جَمِيرٌ A place of assembly of a people. (S, K.) b2: اِبْنَا جَمِيرٍ The night and the day: (S, K:) so called because of the assembling [of people therein]; like as they are called اِبْنَا سَمِيرٍ because people held conversation therein: (S:) or the two nights during which the moon becomes concealed by its proximity to the sun. (TA.) And اِبْنُ جَمِيرٍ, (IAar, S,) or ↓ اِبْنُ جُمَيْرٍ, (Lh, Th,) The moon in the night when it is concealed by its proximity to the sun: (TA:) or the moon in the end of the [lunar] month; because the sun conceals it (تَجْمُرُهُ, i. e. تُوَارِيهِ): (IAar, TA:) or the dark night: (S:) or the night in which the moon does not rise, either in the first part thereof or in the last: (TA:) or the last night of the [lunar] month. (Aboo-'Amr Ez-Záhid, TA.) You say, ↓ جَآءَنَا فَحْمَةَ ابْنُ جُمَيْرٍ [He came to us in the darkest part of the moonless night, or of the night in which the moon did not rise]. (Th, TA.) and ↓ لَا أَفْعَلُ ذٰلِكَ مَا جَمَرَ ابْنُ جُمَيْرٍ [I will not do that as long as the moon in the end of the lunar month becomes concealed by its proximity to the sun; i. e., I will never do it]. (Lh, TA.) b3: جَمِيرُ الشَّعَرِ What is collected together, of the hair, and tied in knots, or made knotted and crisp. (TA. [See 2.]) اِبْنُ جُمَيْرٍ: see جَمِيرٌ, in three places.

جَمِيرَةٌ A plait of hair: (T, Msb, K:) and i. q. ذُؤَابَةٌ [app. here meaning a plait of hair hanging down; or a lock of hair hanging down loosely from the middle of the head to the back]: (TA:) and ↓ جَمْرَةٌ a lock of hair: (TA:) pl. of the former جَمَائِرُ. (T, Msb.) جَاؤُوا جَمَارَى: see جَمَارٌ.

جُمَّارٌ (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K) and ↓ جَامُورٌ (K) [each a coll. gen. n.] The heart, or pith, [or cerebrum,] of the palm-tree, (S, A, Msb, K, TA,) that is in the summit of its head, which part is cut off, and its outer portion is stripped off from the pith within it, which is a white substance, like a piece of the hump of a camel, large and soft: it is eaten with honey: (TA:) from it come forth the fruit and the branches; and when it is cut off, the tree dies: (Msb:) the spathe comes forth from it, amid the part whence two branches divide: (TA:) the head of the palmtree; a soft, white substance: from جَمَّرَ “ he collected together; ” for a similar reason termed كَثَرٌ: (Mgh:) n. un. جُمَّارَةٌ. (A, TA.) [See also قَلْبٌ.] You say, لَهُ سَاقٌ كَالجُمَّارَةِ He has a shank like a piece of the heart of the palm-tree. (A.) And الجُمَّارُ فِى خَلَاخِلِهِنَّ (tropical:) [Legs like the heart of the palm-tree are within their anklets]. (A.) Sakhr El-Hudhalee says, using a double trope, likening the fresh juicy stalks of the بَرْدِىّ to the pith of the palm-tree, and then applying this expression to the legs of a woman, إِذَا عُطِفَتْ خَلَاخُلُهُنَّ غَصَّبْ بِجُمَّارَاتِ بَرْدِىٍّ خِدَالِ (tropical:) [When their anklets are bent, (for the anklet of the Arab woman is formed of a piece of silver, or other metal, which is bent round so that the two ends nearly meet,) they are choked, or entirely filled up, with plump legs like the pith of the papyrus]. (A, TA.) جَامِرٌ: see مُجَمِّرٌ.

جَامُورٌ: see جُمَّارٌ. b2: Also (tropical:) A well-known appertenance of a ship or boat; [i. e., the head of the mast; a kind of truck, which is made of harder wood than the mast itself.] (TA.) b3: And hence, (tropical:) The head [absolutely]: but accord. to Kr, only the vulgar call it so. (TA.) أَجْمَرُ occurs in a trad., where it is said, دَخَلْتُ المَسْجِدَ وَالنَّاسُ أَجْمَرُ مَا كَانُوا, meaning I entered the mosque when the people were in their most collected state. (TA.) مُجْمَرٌ: see مِجْمَرٌ: b2: and see also مِجْمَرَةٌ, in two places. b3: Also, (S, K,) and ↓ مُجْمِرٌ, (K,) A hard solid hoof: (AA, S, K:) and a hard, strong, compact camel's foot: or one that has been wounded by the stones, and become hard. (TA.) مُجْمِرٌ: see مُجَمِّرٌ, in two places: b2: and أَچْمَرَ النَّخْلَ: A2: and see also مُجْمَرٌ.

مِجْمَرْ: see مِجْمَرَةٌ. b2: Also, (Mgh, Msb, K,) and ↓ مُجْمَرٌ, (K,) Aloes-wood, (AHn, Mgh, Msb, K,) and the like, (Mgh,) or other substance, (Msb,) with which clothes are fumigated, (Mgh,) or with which one perfumes himself by burning it: (Msb:) pl. مَجَامِرُ. (Mgh.) مِجْمَرَةٌ and ↓ مِجْمَرٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) which latter is sometimes fem. [like the former], (K,) or fem. when by it is meant the fire (النَّار), and masc. when meaning the place [of the fire], (TA,) and ↓ مُجْمَرٌ, (K,) A vessel for fumigation; a censer; (Msb;) a vessel in which live coals are put, (S, K,) with incense, or some odoriferous substance for fumigation; (K;) a vessel in which aloes-wood is burned: it is disapproved, because generally of silver; but not so what is termed مِدْخَنَةٌ: (Mgh:) or ↓ مُجْمَرٌ signifies the thing for which the live coals are prepared: (S:) [and مِجْمَرَةٌ also signifies a blacksmith's fire-place: (K in art. كور:)] pl. مَجَامِرُ. (S.) مُجَمَّرٌ Flesh-meat put upon live coals [to roast]. (A.) مُجَمِّرٌ (S, Z) and ↓ مُجْمِرٌ (TA) One who collects together his hair, and ties it in knots, or makes it knotted and crisp, at the back of his neck, not letting it hang down loosely: (S:) or who plaits the hair of his head. (TA.) He who does so (while he is a مُحْرِم, TA) is commanded to shave his head. (S and TA from a trad.) A2: Also, both the former and ↓ جَامِرٌ, which is a possessive epithet, without a verb, One whose business is to fumigate garments [&c.] with perfume. (TA.)

جزر

1 جَزَرَ, aor. ـِ and sometimes جَزُرَ, (K,) inf. n. جَزْرٌ, (Mgh, K,) He cut, or cut off, (Mgh, K,) a thing. (TA.) b2: جَزَرَ, (S, Mgh, Msb,) aor. ـُ (S, Msb,) [inf. n. as above,] He slaughtered a camel (S, Mgh, Msb) or other animal, (Msb,) and skinned it; (S;) as also ↓ اجتزر. (S, TA.) You say also, جَزَرَ لَهُمْ, meaning He slaughtered for them a camel. (A.) And القَوْمَ جَزُورًا ↓ اجتزر He slaughtered and skinned for the people a camel. (TA.) b3: جَزَرَ النَّخْلَ, aor. ـِ (S, K) and جَزُرَ, (K,) inf. n. جَزْرٌ (S, K) and جَزَارٌ and جِزَارٌ, (Lh, K,) He cut off the fruit of the palm-trees: (Lh, S, K:) or, as some say, he spoiled the palm-trees in fecundating them. (TA.) b4: And جَزَرَ, (TA,) inf. n. جَزْرٌ, (K,) He gathered honey from the hive. (K, TA.) A2: جَزَرَ, aor. ـِ and جَزُرَ, inf. n. جَزْرٌ, (S, Msb, K, &c.,) (tropical:) It (water) sank, and disappeared; became low; or became remote; (S, K;) decreased; went away; (TA;) flowed away, or retired, (A, Mgh, * Msb,) from the earth, or land: (A, Mgh:) it (the sea, and a river, Lth, ISd) ebbed; contr. of مَدَّ; (S, ISd, K; [but in this last sense, only جَزِرَ is authorized by the K, and app. by ISd also, as the aor. ـ) i. e., retreated, or went back; (S. Msb; *) as also ↓ انجزر; (ISd, TA;) or ceased to increase. (Lth, Mgh.) 4 اجزرهُ, (K,) or اجزر القَوْمَ, (ISk, S,) He gave to him, or to the people, a sheep or a goat, for him, or for them, to slaughter; (ISk, S, K;) meaning a ewe or a ram or a she-goat; (ISk, S;) or a sheep, or goat, fit for slaughter: (TA:) and أَجْزَرْتُهُ شَاةً I gave to him a ewe or a ram or a she-goat, and he slaughtered it: (ISk, TA:) and أَجْزَرْتُكَ بَعِيرًا, or شَاةً, I gave to thee a camel, or a sheep or goat, that thou mightest slaughter it: (A:) [but] accord. to ISk, one does not say أَجْزَرْتُهُمْ نَاقَةً, because a she-camel is fit for other purposes than that of slaughter: (S:) and accord. to some, one should not say اجزرهُ جَزُورًا, but اجزرهُ جَزَرَةً. (TA.) A2: اجزر He (a camel) attained to the fit time for his being slaughtered. (S, K.) b2: اجزر النَّخْلُ The palm-trees attained to the fit time for the cutting off of the fruit. (S, K.) b3: [And hence,] اجزر الشَيْخُ (tropical:) The old man attained to the fit time for his dying; (K, TA;) being aged, and near to his perishing; like as the palm-tree attains to the fit time for having its fruit cut off. (TA.) Youths used to say to an old man أَجْزَرْتَ يَا شَيْخُ, meaning, Thou hast attained to the fit time for thy dying, O old man: and he would say, أَىْ بَنِىَّ وَتُحْتَضَرُونَ, i. e., “[O my sons, and] ye shall die youths: ” but accord. to one way of relation, it is أَجْزَزْتَ; from أَجَزَّ البُرُّ “ the wheat attained to the proper time for being out. ” (S.) b4: اجزر القَوْمُ The people attained to the fit time for the cutting off of the fruit of the palm-trees. (Yz, TA.) 5 تَجَزَّرَ see 8.6 تَجَازَرَا (assumed tropical:) They reviled each other (K, TA) vehemently, or excessively. (TA.) 7 إِنْجَزَرَ see 1.8 اجتزر: see 1, in two places. b2: اجتزروا فِى

القِتَالِ and ↓ تجزّروا (K, TA) They fought one another [app. so that they cut one another in pieces]. (TA.) [In the K, this is immediately followed, as though for the purpose of explanation, by the words تَرَكُوهُمْ جَزَرًا لِلسِّبَاعِ أَىْ قِطَعًا: but there is evidently an omission in this place, at least of the conjunction وَ.] b3: And اجتزروا They had a camel slaughtered for them. (A.) جَزْرٌ inf. n. of 1. (S, K, &c.) A2: And also (assumed tropical:) The sea (K, TA) itself. (TA.) جَزَرٌ, (not ↓ جِزَرٌ, Fr, S, [but see what follows,]) [a coll. gen. n.,] Fat sheep or goats: (S, K, TA:) n. un. جَزَرَةٌ: (S, K:) or sheep, or goats, that are slaughtered; (M;) as also ↓ جَزُورٌ: (K:) n. un. as above: (M: in the K جَزْرَةٌ:) or جَزَرَةٌ signifies a sheep, or goat, fit for slaughter: or a sheep, or goat, to which the owners betake themselves and which they slaughter: and anything that is lawful to be slaughtered; n. un. of جَزَرٌ, which is sometimes [written ↓ جِزَرٌ,] with fet-h to the ز. (TA.) b2: جَزَرُ السِّبَاعِ The flesh which beasts or birds of prey eat. (S, Mgh.) One says, تَرَكُوهُمْ جَزَرًا (S, K) They slew them: (S:) or they left them cut in pieces لِلسِّبَاعِ [for the beasts or birds of prey]. (K.) And صَارُوا جَزَرًا لِلْعَدُوِّ [They became a prey to the enemy, cut in pieces]. (Mgh.) A2: See also جَزِيرَةٌ.

A3: Also, and ↓ جِزّرٌ, (Fr, S, Msb, K,) the latter with kesr to the ج, (Msb, K,) arabicized, (K,) from the Persian [گَزَرْ], (AHn,) [coll. gen. ns., meaning Carrots, or the carrot;] a certain root, (أَرُومَة,) which is eaten, (S, K,) well known: (TA:) n. un. with ة; (K;) or جَزَرَةٌ: (As, S, Msb:) the best kind is the red and sweet, which grows in winter: it is hot in the extreme of the second degree; moist in the first degree; (TA;) diuretic; (K, TA;) lenitive; emollient; (TA;) strengthening to the venereal faculty; emmenagogue: the putting of its pounded leaves upon festering ulcers is advantageous: (K, TA:) it is difficult of digestion; and engenders bad blood; but is made wholesome with vinegar and mustard. (TA.) b2: [See also حِنْزَابٌ, in art. حزب.]

جِزَرٌ: see جَزَرٌ, in three places.

جِزَارٌ The time of the cutting off of the fruit of palm-trees. (Yz, TA.) [See also 1.]

جَزُورٌ A camel [that is slaughtered, or to be slaughtered]; (K;) applied to the male and the female: (S, Msb:) or (as some say, Sgh, Msb) properly a she-camel that is slaughtered: (Sgh, Msb, K:) but the former is the correct assertion; (TA;) though the word is fem., (IAmb, S, Msb, TA,) on the authority of hearsay; (TA;) therefore you say, رَعَتِ الجَزُورء [the camel for slaughter pastured]: (IAmb, Msb:) or when used alone, it is fem., because what are slaughtered are mostly she-camels: (TA:) and when used as a common term, it implies the like of predominance [of the fem. gender]: (Háshiyeh of Esh-Shiháb, TA:) [the shares into which the جزور is divided in the game called المَيْسِر are described voce بَدْءٌ:] pl. جُزُرٌ (S, Msb, K) and جَزَائِرُ and جُزُرَاتٌ, (Msb, K,) the last of which is pl. of جُزُرٌ, like as طُرُقَاتٌ is of طُرُقٌ. (TA.) b2: See also جَزَرٌ.

جُزَارَةٌ, of a camel, The extremities; (S, A;) namely, (S,) the fore and kind legs, (اليَدَانِ وَالرِّجْلَانِ, S, K,) and the head, (S,) or neck: (A, K:) because the slaughterer receives them; (S;) they being his hire, (S, K,) or right, (A,) not being included among the shares in the game called المَيْسِر. (TA.) But when a horse is said to be عَبْلُ الجُزَارَةِ, (S,) or ضَخْمُ الجُزَارَةِ, (M,) what is meant is thickness of the fore and hind legs, and abundance of sinews; and the head is not included, because largeness of the head, in a horse, is a fault. (S, M.) جِزَارَةٌ The trade of him who slaughters camels (Mgh, Msb, K, * TA) and other animals. (Msb.) جَزِيرَةٌ (tropical:) An island; land in the sea [or in a river], from which the water has flowed away, so that it appears; (Az, Mgh;) and in like manner, land which a torrent does not overflow, but which it surrounds; (Az, TA;) land from which the tide retires; as also ↓ جَزَرٌ: (K:) so called because cut off from the main land: (S:) or because of the retiring of the water from it: (Msb:) pl. جَزَائِرُ: (S, Mgh:) [also, a peninsula:] and a piece of ground or land. (Kr, TA.) جَزَّارٌ (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K) and ↓ جِزِّيرٌ (K) and ↓ جَازِرٌ (A) One who slaughters camels (A, Mgh, Msb, K) and other animals. (Msb.) جِزِّيرٌ: see what next precedes.

جَازِرٌ: see what next precedes.

مَجْزَرٌ, (Msb, K,) or مَجْزِرٌ, with kesr to the ز, (S, Ibn-Málik,) contr to rule, as the aor. of the verb is with damm, (Ibn-Málik, TA,) and sometimes ↓ مَجْزَرَةٌ [or مَجْزِرَةٌ], (Msb,) A place where camels are slaughtered, (S, Msb, K,) and other animals, (Msb,) namely, bulls and cows and sheep and goats, and where their flesh is sold: pl. مَجَازِرُ. (TA.) In a trad. of 'Omar, persons are enjoined to avoid مَجَازِر, (S, TA,) meaning as above; because of their uncleanness; (TA;) or because the witnessing of the slaughter of animals hardens the heart and dispels mercy: (IAth, TA:) or the meaning is, places of assembly; because a camel is slaughtered only where people are collected together: (S, TA:) the ↓ مَجْزَرَة is one of the places in which it is forbidden to perform the usual prayers. (Mgh.) مَجْزَرَةٌ or مَجْزِرَةٌ: see مَجْزَرٌ, in two places.

جبر

1 جَبَرَ, (S, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. ـُ (Msb,) inf. n. جَبْرٌ (S, A, Msb, K, &c.) and جُبُورٌ, (M, K,) which latter, accord. to MF, is an inf. n. of the intrans. verb only, but it has been heard as an inf. n. of the trans. verb also, (TA,) and جِبَارَةٌ, (Lh, K,) He set a bone; reduced it from a fractured state; (S, A, Msb, K, &c.;) as also ↓ جبّر, (A, IAmb, K,) inf. n. تَجْبِيرٌ; (TA;) and ↓ اجبر, (Ibn-Talhah, MF, TA,) but this is extremely strange, and not found in the lexicons of celebrity, (MF,) and not heard by AO; (TA;) [and ↓ اجتبر.] One says also, يَدَهُ ↓ جبّر, (A, IAmb,) or جَبَرَهَا, (Msb,) He (a bone-setter) set his arm, or reduced it from a fractured state: (A:) or put upon it the جَبِيرَة [or splints]. (Msb.) b2: Hence, (TA,) جَبَرَ, (AAF, M, K, &c.,) inf. n. جَبْرٌ (S, A, K) and جُبُورٌ [but respecting this latter see above] and جِبَارَةٌ; (K;) and ↓ جبّر, (K,) inf. n. تَجْبِيرٌ; (TA;) and ↓ اجبر; (Ibn-Talhah, MF, TA; [but respecting this form see above;]) and ↓ اجتبر; (K;) (tropical:) He restored a man from a state of poverty to wealth, or competence, or sufficiency: (AAF, S, A, K, &c.:) or he benefited a poor man; conferred a benefit, or benefits, upon him: (M, K:) but the former is the more appropriate explanation: (AAF, TA:) and this signification is tropical; (IDrst, MF, TA;) the poor man being likened to one who has a broken bone, and his restoration to wealth, or competence, being likened to the setting of the bone; wherefore he is called فَقِيرٌ, as though the vertebræ of his back were broken: (IDrst, TA:) in the A it is mentioned as proper, not tropical; but the author of the A afterwards mentions جَبَرْتُ فُلَانًا as tropical in the sense of نَعَشْتُهُ (tropical:) [I recovered such a one from his embarrassment, &c.; repaired his broken fortune, or his condition]. (TA.) One says also, جَبَرْتُ فَاقَةَ الرَّجُلِ (tropical:) [I repaired the broken fortune of the man;] I restored the man to wealth, or competence, or sufficiency. (A Heyth, TA.) And جَبَرْتُ اليَتِيمَ (assumed tropical:) [I put the affairs of the orphan into a right, or good, state: or] I gave to the orphan. (Msb.) And جَبَرَ (tropical:) He restored anything to a sound, right, or good, state. (IDrst, TA.) And جَبَرَهُ اللّٰهُ (assumed tropical:) [May God render him sound, and strong]: said in relation to a child. (S and K in art. زرع.) And جَبَرْتُ نِصَابَ الزَّكَاةِ بِكَذَا (assumed tropical:) I made the amount of the property equal to that which renders it incumbent on the possessor to pay the poor-rate, by [adding] such a thing: the name of that thing is جبران [app. ↓ جُبْرَانٌ]: and the person who does this is termed ↓ جَابِرٌ. (Msb.) A2: جَبَرَ also signifies He compelled, or constrained, another. (B.) You say, جَبَرَهُ عَلَى الأَمْرِ, (Lh, Az, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. جَبْرٌ and جُبُورٌ, (Msb,) a chaste form of the verb, of the dial. of El-Hijáz, (Az, TA,) or of the Benoo-Temeem and of many of the people of El-Hijáz, (Msb,) or of Temeem alone; (Lh, TA;) [but said in the Mgh to be of weak authority;] and ↓ اجبرهُ; (Th, S, Msb, K, &c.;) both these forms of the verb mentioned by Az, Fr, A 'Obeyd, and others, (Msb,) but the latter is the form used by the generality of the Arabs, (Lh, TA,) and by the grammarians [in general]; (TA;) He compelled him, against his will, to do the thing: (Lh, Th, Az, S, Msb, K:) ↓ إِجْبَارٌ originally signifying the inciting, urging, or inducing, another to restore a thing to a sound, right, or good, state. (B.) And عَلَى الحُكْمِ ↓ اجبرهُ He (a judge) compelled him to submit to, or to perform, the sentence. (L.) A3: Also جَبَرَ, [aor. ـُ inf. n. جُبُورٌ (S, Msb, K) and جَبْرٌ, (Msb, K,) which latter, accord. to MF [and the Mgh], is an inf. n. of the trans. verb only, but it has been heard as an inf. n. of the intrans. verb also; (TA;) and ↓ انجبر, (T, S, K,) and ↓ اجتبر, (T, S,) and ↓ تجبّر; (K;) It (a bone) became set, or reduced from a fractured state. (T, S, Msb, K.) b2: And [hence,] the first of these verbs, with the same inf. ns.; (K;) and ↓ اجتبر, (S, * K,) and ↓ انجبر, and ↓ تجبّر, and ↓ استجبر; (K;) (tropical:) He (a poor man, K, and an orphan, TA) became restored from a state of poverty to wealth, or competence, or sufficiency: (S, * K:) or received a benefit, or benefits: (K:) ↓ اجتبر is syn. with انتعش (tropical:) [he recovered, or became recovered, from his embarrassment, &c.]. (A.) [And (assumed tropical:) It (anything) became restored to a sound, right, or good, state.] El-' Ajjáj has used جَبَرَ transitively and intransitively in the same sentence, saying, قَدْ جَبَرَ الدِّينَ الإِلَاهُ فَجَبَرْ [(assumed tropical:) God hath restored the religion to a sound, right, or good, state, and it hath become restored thereto]: (S:) or, accord. to some, the second verb is corroborative of the first; the meaning being, God hath desired, or purposed, to restore the religion, &c., and hath completed its restoration. (B.) 2 جَبَّرَ see 1, in three places.4 أَجْبَرَ see 1, in five places.

A2: اجبرهُ also signifies He imputed to him [the tenet of] الجَبْر; (S, * L, K; *) he called him a جَبَرِىّ: (L:) like as اكفرهُ signifies “ he imputed to him infidelity. ” (S.) 5 تجبّر: see 1, latter part, in two places. Also (tropical:) What had gone from him (a man) returned to him: (K:) or some of his property that had gone from him returned to him. (T, TA.) (assumed tropical:) He (a sick man) became in a good state. (K.) (assumed tropical:) It (a plant, TA, and a tree, K) became green, and put forth leaves (K, TA) and fresh green twigs, when dry: produced fresh shoots in its dry parts: (TA:) it (herbage) became somewhat restored to a good state after having been eaten: (K, * TA:) or grew after having been eaten. (S.) b2: He (a man, S) magnified himself; behaved proudly, haughtily, or insolently. (S, A, K.) A2: (assumed tropical:) He (a man) obtained wealth, or property: (K:) but Lh explains it as meaning, intransitively, he obtained wealth, or property. (TA.) 7 إِنْجَبَرَ see 1, latter part, in two places.8 إِجْتَبَرَ see 1, in five places. You say also, أَصَابَتْهُ مُصِيبَةٌ لَا يَجْتَبِرُهَا [(assumed tropical:) A calamity befell him from which he will not recover]; i. e. مِنْهَا ↓ لَا مَجْبَرَ [(assumed tropical:) there is no recovering from it]. (TA.) 10 إِسْتَجْبَرَ see 1, latter part.

A2: استجبرهُ (tropical:) He exerted himself much, or exceedingly, or to the utmost, in paying frequent attention to him, taking care of him, or putting his affairs into a right, or proper, state. (A.) جَبْرٌ, in computation, (assumed tropical:) The addition of something for the purpose of reparation. (TA.) [Hence, الجَبْرُ (assumed tropical:) Algebra; more commonly called الجَبْرُ وَالمُقَابَلَةُ perfective addition and compensative subtraction; or restoration and compensation; because of the frequency of these operations in the reduction of equations.]

A2: The contr. of قَدَرٌ: (S, Msb, K:) it is the assertion that God compels his servants, or mankind, to commit acts of disobedience; (Msb;) the virtual denial that actions proceed from man, and attributing them to God; the sect that hold the tenet thus termed asserting that man, with respect to his actions, is like the feather suspended in the air; whereas قَدَرٌ signifies the “ virtual attributing of optional, or voluntary, actions to man; asserting that man creates his own optional, or voluntary, actions: ” (IbrD:) A 'Obeyd says that it is a post-classical term. (S.) A3: A king; (AA, T, M, K;) of uncertain derivation: (M:) and a slave, or servant: (A 'Obeyd, Kr, K, &c.:) thus bearing two contr. significations: (K:) and a man: (AA, A 'Obeyd, K, &c.:) [see جَبْرَئِيلُ:] and a young man: and [a] courageous [man]. (K.) A4: [Also, app., Aloes-wood: الجَبْرُ is explained in the K as signifying العُودُ, which means wood in general, as well as aloes-wood in particular; and to this is added in the TA, الذى يُجْبَرُ بِهِ, as though the meaning were the wood with which one sets bones; but I think that يُجْبَرُ is a mistranscription for يُجَمَّرُ; and that the meaning is aloes-wood with which one fumigates.]

جَبَرِىٌّ or جَبْرِىٌّ: see جَبَرِيَّةٌ.

جَبَرُوَّةٌ and جَبْرُوَّةٌ and جَبَرُوتٌ &c.: see what next follows.

جَبَرِيَّةٌ (S, K) and جَبْرِيَّةٌ and جِبْرِيَّةٌ and جِبِرِيَّةٌ and ↓ جِبْرِيَآءُ (K) and ↓ جَبَرِيَّآءُ (Aboo-Nasr, TA) and ↓ جَبَرُوَّةٌ (S, K) and ↓ جَبْرُوَّةٌ (K) and ↓ جَبَرُوتٌ (S, Msb, K, one of the forms most known, of the measure فَعَلُوتٌ, like مَلَكُوتٌ and رَهَبُوتٌ and رَغَبُوتٌ and رَحَمُوتٌ, said to be the only other words of this measure, though, as MF says, this requires consideration, TA) and ↓ جُبْرُوتٌ (K) and ↓ جَبْرَؤُوتٌ (Et-Tedmuree, TA) and ↓ جَبَرُوتَى (K, like رَحَمُوتَى, [&c.], TA) and ↓ جَبُّورَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ جَبُّورٌ (Lh, Kr) and ↓ جُبُّورٌ (Lh, TA) and ↓ جُبُورَةٌ and ↓ تَجْبَارٌ, (K,) all inf. ns., (TA,) [or simple substs.,] meaning The quality denoted by the epithet جَبَّارٌ; (K;) i. e. self-magnification, pride, haughtiness, or insolence; or proud, haughty, or insolent, behaviour; (S, Msb, K;) &c. (K, TA.) Hence, مَا كَانَتْ نُبُوَّةٌ إِلَّا تَنَاسَخَهَا مُلْكٌ جَبَرِيَّةً [There has been no prophetic office but a kingly office has succeeded in its place through some one's selfmagnification, pride, haughtiness, or insolence]; i. e., but kings have magnified themselves, or behaved proudly or haughtily or insolently, after it. (A, TA.) A2: الجَبَرِيَّةُ (S, K) and الجَبْرِيَّةُ, (Th, Msb,) or the latter is a mispronunciation, or is the correct form, (K,) and the former is so pronounced in order to assimilate it to القَدَرِيَّةُ; (Msb, K; *) the latter is the pronunciation of the scholastic theologians of the persuasion of EshSháfi'ee (El-Háfidh in the “ Tabseer,” B) in old times, but the term used in the conventional language of the modern scholastic theologians is ↓ المُجْبَرَةُ; (B;) and الجبريّة, also, is a postclassical term; (TA;) The contr. of القَدَرِيَّةُ; (S, K;) the sect who hold the tenet termed جَبْرٌ [q. v.]; (Msb;) a sect of those who follow their own natural desires, whose founder was El-Hoseyn Ibn-Mohammad En-Nejjár El-Basree, who assert that man has no power; that [what are termed] voluntary motions are of the same predicament as a tremour; though this does not oblige them to deny the imposition of duties; (Lb, TA;) a sect who assert that God compels his servants, or mankind, to commit sins: (AHeyth, TA:) n. un. ↓ جَبَرِىٌّ or جَبْرِىٌّ. (Msb.) جَبْرَالُ and جِبْرَالُ: see جَبْرَئِيلُ.

جُبْرَانٌ: see 1.

جِبْرِيلُ and جَبْرِيلُ &c: see جَبْرَئِيلُ.

جِبْرِينُ and جَبْرِينُ: see جَبْرَئِيلُ.

جِبْرِيَآءُ and جَبَرِيَّآءُ: see جَبَرِيَّةٌ.

جَبْرَئِيلُ, (S, Msb, K, &c.,) imperfectly decl., because having the quality of a proper name and that of a foreign word, or being a compound regarded as forming a single word, as some say, (TA,) originally Syriac, or Hebrew, [?,] (Esh-Shiháb [El-Khafájee],) A proper name of an angel; (TA;) [Gabriel: and also, of a man:] signifying the servant of God: (A 'Obeyd, S, Msb, K, TA:) or (rather, TA) the man of God: (A 'Obeyd, TA:) being said to be composed of جَبْرٌ, (S, Msb, TA,) signifying “ servant,” or “ slave,” (Msb, TA,) or rather “ man,” (TA,) and إِيلٌ, (S, Msb, TA,) signifying “ God: ” (Msb, TA:) or both together signify the servant of the Compassionate: or the servant of the Mighty, or Glorious: (TA:) this form of the word is of the dialects of Keys and Temeem: (TA:) and there are other dial. vars.; namely, ↓ جَبْرَيِيلُ, without ء , and ↓ جَبْرَائِيلُ , (S, K,) and ↓ جَبْرَايِيلُ , and ↓ جَبْرَئِلُ , and ↓ جَبْرَائِيلُ , (K,) and ↓ جَبْرَايِيلُ , (Es-Suyootee, TA,) and ↓ جَبْرَائِلُ , (K,) and ↓ جَبْرَايِلُ , (Es-Suyootee, TA,) and ↓ جِبْرِيلُ, (S, Msb, K, which is the form most known and most chaste, and is of the dial. of El-Hijáz, TA,) and ↓ جَبْرِيلُ, (Msb, K, reckoned of weak authority by Fr, because the measure فَعِّيل [or فَعْلِيل] does not exist in the language, for as to سَمْوِيل, mentioned by Esh-Shiháb as against the objection of Fr, it is of the measure فَعْوِيل, MF, TA,) and ↓ جَبْرَيْلُ, and ↓ جَبْرَالُ, and ↓ جِبْرَالُ, (K,) and ↓ جِبْرِينُ, and ↓ جَبْرِينُ, (S, K,) and ↓ جَبْرَائِينُ. (Es-Suyootee, MF.) جَبْرَيِيلُ: see جَبْرَئِيلُ.

جَبْرَائِلُ and جَبْرَايِلُ: see جَبْرَئِيلُ.

جَبْرَائِيلُ and جَبْرَايِيلُ: see جَبْرَئِيلُ.

جَبْرَائِينَ: see جَبْرَئِيلُ.

جُبَارٌ A thing of which no account, or for which no revenge or retaliation or mulct, is taken. (S, A, Msb, K, TA.) You say, ذَهَبَ دَمَهُ جُبَارًا His blood went unrevenged, unretaliated, or unexpiated by a mulct. (S, A.) And جُرْحٌ جُبَارٌ A wound for which is no retaliation, nor any expiatory mulct. (A, TA.) And حَرْبٌ جُبَارٌ A war in which is no retaliation, (K, TA,) nor any expiatory mulct. (TA.) And المَعْدِنُ جُبَارٌ [The mine is a thing for which no mulct is exacted]: i. e., if the mine fall in upon him who is working in it, and he perish, his hirer is not to be punished for it. (S and Msb from a trad.) And البِئْرُ جُبَارٌ [The well is a thing for which no mulct is exacted]: i. e., if a man fall into an ancient well, and perish, his blood is not to be expiated by a mulct: (TA:) or, as some say, it relates to a hired man's descending into a well to cleanse it, or to take forth something from it, if he fall into it and die. (TA in art. بأر.) And جُرحُ العَجُمَآءِ جُبَارٌ The wound of the speechless beast, if it get loose and wound a man or other thing while loose, is a thing for which no retaliation or expiatory mulct is exacted. (T, A, * Msb. *) b2: Clear, or quit, of a thing: so in the saying, أَنَا مِنْهُ خَلَاوَةٌ وُجُبَارٌ [I am clear, or quit, of it]. (K. [See also فَالِجٌ.]) A2: A torrent. (K.) b2: Anything that corrupts, or mars, and destroys; (so accord. to some copies of the K, and the TA;) as the torrent, &c.: (TA:) or anything that is corrupted, or marred, and destroyed. (So accord. to other copies of the K.) A3: Tuesday; (S, K;) an ancient name thereof, (S,) used in the Time of Ignorance; (TA;) as also ↓ جِبَارٌ. (K.) جِبَارٌ: see what next precedes.

جِبَارَةٌ and ↓ جَبِيرَةٌ Splints; pieces of wood with which bones are set, or reduced from a fractured state: (S, K:) or bones which are put upon a diseased part of the person, to reduce it to a sound state: pl. جَبَائِرُ. (Msb.) b2: Also, both words, A wide bracelet; syn. يَارَقٌ: (S, K:) a bracelet (سِوَار) of gold or silver: pl. جَبَائِرَةٌ [or جَبَائِرُ, as above?]. (A 'Obeyd, TA.) جُبُورَةٌ: see جَبَرِيَّةٌ.

جَبِيرَةٌ: see جِبَارَةٌ.

جَبَّارٌ One who magnifies himself, or behaves proudly or haughtily or insolently, and does not hold any one to have any claim upon him, or to deserve anything of him: (K:) one who slays when in anger: (S, A:) one who slays unjustly: (K:) imperious, or domineering, by absolute force and power; overbearing; tyrannical; a tyrant: (TA:) any one who exalts himself, or is insolent and audacious, in pride and in acts of rebellion or disobedience; who is bold, or audacious, and immoderate, inordinate, or exorbitant; or excessively, immoderately, or inordinately, proud, or corrupt, or unbelieving, or disobedient, or rebel-lious; or who exalts himself and is inordinate in infidelity; or who is extravagant in acts of disobedience and in wrongdoing; or who is refractory, or averse from obedience; (K, * TA;) as also ↓ جِبِّيرٌ: (K:) or this latter signifies one who magnifies himself much, or behaves very proudly or haughtily or insolently: (S:) and the former, one who proudly, haughtily, or insolently, disdains the service of God: (Lh, TA:) fem. with ة: pl. masc. جَبَّارُونَ and جَبَابِرَةٌ. (A, TA.) b2: الجَبَّارٌ [A name of] God; so called because of his magnifying Himself [above every other being], (K,) and his highness: (TA:) meaning the Compeller of his creatures to do whatsoever He willeth: (Bd and Jel in lix. 23:) or the Compeller of his creatures to obey the commands and prohibitions which He pleaseth to impose upon them: (Msb, TA:) accord. to Fr, from أَجْبَرَ, and the only instance known to him of an epithet of the measure فَعَّالٌ from a verb of the measure أَفْعَلَ except دَرَّاكٌ [q. v.] from أَدْرَكَ: (Az, TA:) or, accord. to Fr, from جَبَرَ as syn. with أَجْبَرَ: (Msb:) it is also explained as meaning the Supreme; the High above his creatures: (Az, TA:) or the Unattainable; and hence applied to the palm-tree [of which the branches cannot be reached by the hand]: (IAmb, TA:) or it may signify (tropical:) the Restorer of the poor to wealth or competence or sufficiency. (Az, TA.) [God is also called] جَبَّارُ القُلُوبِ عَلَى فِطَرَاتِهَا (assumed tropical:) The Establisher of hearts according to their natural constitutions which He hath given them in the mothers' wombs, disposing them to know Him and to confess Him, both the unfortunate of them and the fortunate. (TA from a trad. of 'Alee.) b3: Also (tropical:) A name of الجَوْزَآءُ [the constel-lation Orion]; (A, K;) because it is [represented] in the form of a crowned king upon a throne. (A.) b4: ذِرَاعُ الجَبَّارِ (assumed tropical:) The cubit of the king: (A, TA:) or the long cubit: or, as KT thinks, by الجبّار is here meant a certain foreign king whose fore arm was of full length. (TA.) b5: قَلْبٌ جَبَّارٌ (tropical:) A heart that receives not admonition: (A:) or that admits not compassion. (K.) b6: جَبَّارٌ, (Seer, K,) without ة, (Seer, TA,) applied to a palm-tree (نَخْلَةٌ), signifies (tropical:) Tall and young; (Seer, K, TA;) as also ↓ جُبَّارٌ: (K:) or is applied to palmtrees collectively (نَخْلٌ), and signifies tall, and above the reach of the hand; (T, S;) and the epithet applied to a single palm-tree is with ة; (S, A;) in this sense; meaning less than سَحُوقٌ: (A:) or, with ة, it signifies a young palm-tree, that has attained its utmost height and has borne fruit: (M:) or that has been ascended [for the purpose of cutting off its fruit], and retains its excellence, surpassing therein other palm-trees. (AHn, TA.) b7: Also, hence, as Az thinks, (TA,) (tropical:) Huge, tall, and strong; a giant. (T, A, * K.) b8: And, with ة, (S, A,) and also without ة, (A,) applied to a she-camel, (tropical:) Great (S, A) and fat. (S.) جُبَّارٌ: see جَبَّارٌ.

جَبُّورٌ and جُبُّورٌ: see جَبَرِيَّةٌ.

جِبِّيرٌ: see جَبَّارٌ.

جَبُّورَةٌ: see جَبَرِيَّةٌ.

جَابِرٌ, (S,) and جَابِرُ بْنُ حَبَّةَ, (S, A, K,) names of (tropical:) Bread; (S, A, K;) and أَبُو جَابِرٍ is a surname thereof; (S, K;) and so أُمُّ جَابِرٍ: which last also signifies the ear of corn: (T in art. ام:) and i. q. الهَرِيسَةُ [grain, or wheat, bruised, or brayed, and then cooked]. (Har p. 227.) b2: فُلَانٌ جَابِرٌ لِى i. q. ↓ مُسْتَجْبِرٌ (tropical:) [Such a one exerts himself much, or exceedingly, or to the utmost, in paying frequent attention to me, taking care of me, or putting my affairs into a right, or proper, state]. (A.) b3: See also 1.

تَجْبَارٌ: see جَبَرِيَّةٌ.

مَجْبَرٌ [an inf. n. of 1]: see 8.

المُجْبَرَةُ: see جَبَرِيَّةٌ.

مُجَبِّرٌ One who sets bones, or reduces them from a fractured state; a bone-setter. (S, A, K.) مَجْبُورَةٌ A woman possessed by a jinnee, or genie; syn. مَجْنُونَةٌ; but this is held to be of weak authority. (Mgh.) المُتَجَبِّرُ The lion. (K.) مُسْتَجْبِرٌ: see جَابِرٌ.

جند

2 جنّد جُنُودًا (S, A) He collected, or assembled, جنود [i. e. armies, military forces, &c.]. (A.) 5 تجنّد He took or prepared, for himself, a جُنْد [i. e. an army, a military force, &c.]. (A, TA.) جُنْدٌ [a coll. gen. n.] An army; a military force; a legion; a body of troops or soldiers; (L, K;) a collected body of men prepared for war: (Mgh:) auxiliaries: (S, L, Msb, K:) n. un. ↓ جُنْدِىٌّ [signifying a trooper; a soldier; an auxiliary]; like as رُومِىٌّ is n. un. of رُومٌ: (Msb:) pl. of the former, جُنُودٌ (S, A, Mgh, Msb) and [pl. of pauc.] أَجْنَادٌ. (Mgh, Msb.) It is said in a trad., ↓ الأَرْوَاحُ جُنُودٌ مُجَنَّدَةٌ (S, A, L) Souls are troops collected together: meaning that they are created of two parties, each party agreeing together, and disagreeing with the other party, like two armies opposed, each to the other. (L.) b2: Also Any kind, or species, of creatures, or created things, regarded as alone, by itself, or apart from others. (K, * TA.) It is said in a prov., إِنَّ لِلّهِ جُنُودًا مِنْهَا العَسَلُ Verily to God belong kinds, or species, of created things [by means of which He effects his purposes as by armies or auxiliaries], of which is honey: (Z, K:) first said by Mo'áwiyeh, when he heard that El-Ashtar had been given to drink some honey containing poison, in consequence of which he died: and used on the occasion of rejoicing at a misfortune that has befallen an enemy: it occurs in the history of El-Mes'oodee thus; إِنَّ لِلّهِ جُنْدًا فِى العَسَلِ. (MF.) b3: Also, [as a term used in Syria, and afterwards by the Arabs from Syria in Spain,] A city [with its territory; i. e. a province, or district]: (K:) or particularly a city of Syria [with its territory]: (AO, TA:) pl. أَجْنَادٌ. (TA.) Syria consists of five اجناد; namely, Dimashk [or Damascus], Hims [or Emessa], Kinnesreen, El-Urdunn [or the Jordan], and Filasteen or Falasteen [or Palestine]: (S, M, A:) they were thus called because the military forces were thence collected. (A.) [See مِخْلَافٌ.]

جُنْدِىٌّ: see جُنْدٌ. b2: Also Of, or relating to, a جُنْد of Syria. (A.) جُنْدٌ مُجَنَّدٌ An army, or a military force, collected. (TA.) See also جُنْدٌ.

جرب

1 جَرِبَ, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (Mgh, Msb, K,) inf. n. جَرَبٌ, (Msb, TA,) He (a camel, S, A, Msb, K, and a man, S, or other animal, Msb,) was, or became, affected with what is termed جَرَب [i. e. the mange, or scab]. (S, Msb, K.) مَا لَهُ جَرِبَ وَحَرِبَ is a form of imprecation against a man [meaning What aileth him? may he have the scab, and be despoiled of all his wealth, or property: or may he have his camels affected with the mange, or scab, and be despoiled &c.: or may his camels be affected with the mange, or scab, &c.]: it may express a wish that he may be affected with جَرَب: or جَرِبَ may be put for أَجْرَبَ, to assimilate it to حَرِبَ: or it may be for جَرِبَتْ إِبلُهُ. (L.) b2: See 4. b3: Also (tropical:) i. q. هَلَكَتْ أَرْضُهُ [meaning His land had its herbage dried up by drought; or became such as is termed جَرْبَآء, fem. of أَجْرَبُ, q. v.]. (K.) 2 جرّبهُ, (A, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَجْرِبَةٌ, (M, A, K,) or تَجْرِيبٌ, the former, which see also below, being a simple subst., (Msb,) or both, but the former is irreg., are inf. ns., (TA,) He tried, made trial of, made experiment of, tested, proved, assayed, proved by trial or experiment or experience, him, or it: (A, K:) or he tried it, made trial of it, &c., namely, a thing, time after time. (Msb.) [You say also جَرَّبَ, for جَرَّبَ الأُمُورَ, meaning He tried affairs: and hence, i. q.]

جُرِّبَ فِى الأُمُور [He became experienced, or expert, in affairs]. (T, TA.) And جَرَّبَتْهُ الأُمُورُ [Affairs, or events, tried him. &c.: and thus, rendered him experienced, or expert]. (S, TA.) And مَا جُرِّبتْ عَلَيْهِ فَعْلَةٌ قَبِيحَةٌ قَطُّ [A foul action was never found to be chargeable upon him]. (S voce نُغْبَةٌ.) 4 اجرب He had his camels [or found them to be] affected with what is termed جَرَب [i. e. the mange, or scab]; (S, A, L, K;) as also ↓ جَرِبَ, (L, K,) which may be for جَرِبَتْ إِبِلُهُ; or used for أَجْرَبَ, to assimilate it to حَرِبَ in a saying mentioned above; see 1. (L.) Q. Q. 1 جَوْرَبَهُ He put on him [i. e., on his (another's) foot or feet,] جَوْرَب [i. e. a sock or stocking, or a pair of socks or stockings]. (S, K.) Q. Q. 2 تَجَوْرَبَ He put on [i. e., on his own foot or feet,] جَوْرَب [i. e. a sock or stocking, or a pair of socks or stockings]. (S, K.) And in like manner, تجورب جَوْرَبَيْنِ [He put on a pair of socks or stockings]. (TA.) جِرْبٌ: see جِرْبَةٌ.

جَرَبٌ [The mange, or scab;] a certain disease, (A,) well known; (S, A, K;) accord. to the medical books, (Msb,) a gross humour, arising beneath the skin, from the mixture of the salt phlegm, (Msb, MF,) or the phlegm of the flesh, (so in a copy of the Msb,) with the blood, accompanied with pustules, and sometimes with emaciation, in consequence of its abundance; (Msb, MF;) or [an eruption consisting of] pustules upon the bodies of men and camels. (M, TA.) You say, أعْدَى مِنَ الجَرَبِ عِنْدَ العَرَبِ [More transitive, or catching, than the mange, or scab, among the Arabs]: (A, TA:) a proverb. (TA.) b2: (assumed tropical:) Rust upon a sword. (K.) b3: (tropical:) A resemblance of rust upon the inner side of the جَفْن [or eyelid], (M, K,) sometimes covering the whole of it, and sometimes part of it. (M.) You say, بِأَجْفَانِهِ جَرَبٌ (tropical:) [In his eyelids is] a resemblance of rust upon their inner sides. (A.) b4: (assumed tropical:) A vice, a fault, a defect, an imperfection, or a blemish. (IAar, K.) جَرِبٌ: see أَجْرَبُ.

جِرْبَةٌ A place of seed-produce; (S, K;) as also ↓ جَرِيبٌ: (K:) and a tract of land such as is termed قَرَاح [i. e. a field, or land, sown or for sowing, without any building or trees in it; or land cleared for sowing and planting; or a separate piece of land in which palm-trees &c. grow; &c.]: (K:) metaphorically applied by Imra-el-Keys to [a grove of] palm-trees, where he says كَجِرْبَةِ نَخْلٍ أَوْ كَجَنَّةِ يَثْرِبَ [Like a grove of palm-trees, or like the plantation of Yethrib]: (AHn, TA:) or land prepared for sowing or planting: (AHn, K:) or a piece of land differing in condition from the land adjoining it, [i. e. a patch of land,] producing good plants or herbage: (Lth, TA:) the pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] is ↓ جِرْبٌ, (Lth, AHn,) like as تِبْنٌ is of تِبْنَةٌ, and سِدْرٌ of سِدْرَةٌ: (AHn:) or جِرْبٌ signifies a قَرَاح; and its pl. is جِرَبَةٌ. (IAar, TA.) b2: A skin, or a mat, which is placed upon the brink of a well, lest the water should be scattered into the well [app. in falling from the bucket into the channel of the tank or cistern &c.]: or (a skin, TA,) that is placed in a rivulet or streamlet جَدْوَل [which is applied in the present day to an artificial streamlet for irrigation, in the form of a trench or gutter,]) that the water may flow down over it [app. from the well to the tank or cistern &c.]. (M, K.) جَرِبَةُ: see أَجْرَبُ, last sentence but one.

جَرْبَانُ or جَرْبَانٌ: see أَجْرَبُ: A2: and for the latter, see جُرُبَّانٌ.

جُرْبَانٌ and جِرْبَانٌ: see جُرُبَّانٌ, in five places.

جُرُبَّآء and جِرِبَّآء: see what next follows.

جُرُبَّانٌ (S, MF, TA) and جِرِبَّانٌ, (Mj, MF, TA,) which are the two forms commonly known, (MF, TA,) or, accord. to the K, ↓ جِرْبَانٌ and ↓ جُرْبَانٌ, or, accord. to the L, ↓ جَرْبَانٌ, and sometimes ↓ جُرْبَانٌ, or, accord. to some copies of the K, [and so in the CK,] ↓ جِرِبَّآء and ↓ جُرُبَّآء, which are evident mistranscriptions, or, accord. to the 'Ináyeh of El-Khafájee, جَرِبَّانٌ, which is more strange, (MF,) but this last accords [most nearly] with its original, (TA,) [for it is] a Persian word arabicized, (S, TA,) originally گَرِيبَانْ; (TA;) The جَيْب [or opening at the neck and bosom] of a shirt: (K, TA:) or the part around the neck, upon which are sewed the buttons: (IB and TA in art. بنق:) or the [part called] لِبْنَة [q. v.] of a shirt. (S, TA.) b2: جُرُبَّانُ سَيْفٍ (Fr, S, K) and ↓ جُرْبَانُهُ, (K, TA,) or ↓ جِرْبانهُ, (CK,) The edge (حَدّ) of a sword: (K:) or a thing [i. e. a case] (K, TA) of sewed leather (TA) in which are put a sword and its scabbard with the cords or belts by which it is suspended: (K, TA;) i. q. قِرَابُهُ: (S: [see also جِرَابٌ:]) or a large sword-case in which are a man's sword and his whip and what else he requires: (Fr, TA: [also called جُلُبَّان and جِلِبَّان and جُلْبَان:]) in the L, the first is [also] said to signify the scabbard of a sword. (TA.) جِرْبِيَآءُ [a word of a very rare form, (see كِبْرِيَآءُ,)] The north-west wind; a wind of the kind termed نَكْبَآءُ, that blows in a direction between that of the [north wind, or northerly wind, called]

شَمَال and that of the [west wind, or westerly wind, called] دَبُور, and that dispels the clouds: (S, TA:) it is a cold wind, and is sometimes attended by a little rain: (TA in art. نكب, q. v.:) or the [north wind, or northerly wind, called]

شمال: or the cold of that wind: (K, TA:) or, (K,) as also أَزْيَبُ, (TA,) the south east wind; the wind that blows in a direction between that of the [south wind, or southerly wind, called]

جَنُوب and that of the [east wind, or easterly wind, called] صَبَا. (K, TA.) b2: Also, with the article ال, a name of The seventh earth: corresponding to العِرْبِيَآءُ, a name of “the seventh heaven.” (TA.) A2: Also A weak man. (K.) جِرَابٌ, (S, Msb, K, &c.,) not جَرَابٌ, (ISk, Msb, K,) or this latter is of weak authority, (K, TA,) or peculiar to the vulgar, (S, L,) A provisionbag for travellers: (K, Har p. 174:) or a bag, or receptacle, for travelling-provisions and for goods or utensils &c.,; syn. وِعَآءٌ: (K, TA:) or such a receptacle made of sheep-skin, in which nothing is kept but what is dry: (TA:) pl. [of mult.] جُرُبٌ (S, Msb, K) and جُرْبٌ, (S, K,) the latter a contraction of the former, (TA,) and [of pauc.] أَجْرِبَةٌ. (S, Msb, K.) b2: (tropical:) A sword-case; or a case, or receptacle, in which a sword is put with its scabbard and its suspensory belt or cord; syn. قِرَابُ سَيْفٍ. (TA. [See also جُرُبَّانٌ.]) b3: (assumed tropical:) The scrotum. (K.) b4: جِرَابُ القَلْبِ (assumed tropical:) [The pericardium, or heart-purse]. (K in art. ثهت, &c.) b5: جِرَابُ البِئْرِ (assumed tropical:) The cavity of the well; (M, K;) or (tropical:) its interior, (Lth, S, M, A,) from top to bottom. (Lth, S, M.) You say, اِطْوِ جِرَابَهَا بِالحِجَارَةِ Case thou its interior with stones. (A.) جَرِيبٌ A certain measure, (M, A, Mgh, K,) or quantity, of wheat, (S, Msb,) consisting of four أَقْفِزَة [pl. of قَفِيزٌ]: (M, A, Msb, K:) or ten اقفزة; each قفيز thereof consisting of ten أَعْشِرَآء

[pl. of عَشِيرٌ]; so that the عشير is the hundredth part of the whole: (TA:) or, as some say, a measure differing in different countries; as is the case of the رطْل and مُدّ and ذِرَاع &c. (MF, TA.) For the pl., see what follows. b2: Hence, (Mgh,) (assumed tropical:) A certain quantity of land; (S, Mgh, Msb;) as much as is sown with the measure of seed so called; (A, Mgh;) like as mules and the space that they travel are termed بَرِيدٌ: (A, Mgh: *) it is sixty cubits by sixty cubits; accord. to Kudámeh, the extent termed أَشْل multiplied by itself; the اشل being sixty cubits; the cubit being six قَبَضَات; and the قَبْضَة, four أَصَابِع: the tenth part of the جريب is called قفيز, and the tenth of the قفيز is called عشير; so that the قفيز is ten اعشراء: (Mgh:) it is a distinct portion of land, differing according to the different conventional usages of the people of different provinces: it is said that the width of six moderate-sized barleycorns is called إِصْبَعٌ; the قبضة is four اصابع; the ذِرَاع is six قبضات; ten أَذْرُع are called قَصَبَةٌ; ten قَصَبَات are called اشل; and the جريب is the extent termed اشل multiplied by itself: the اشل multiplied by the قصبة is called قفيز; and the اشل multiplied by the ذراع is called عشير: so the جِريب is ten thousand cubits: or, accord. to Kudámeh the Scribe, it is three thousand and six hundred cubits: (Msb:) pl. [of pauc.] أَجْرِبَةٌ and [of mult.] جُرْبَانٌ (S, Msb, K) and جُرُوبٌ. (R, TA.) See also جِرْبَةٌ. b3: Also A valley; (Lth, Msb, K; [accord. to the second of which, this is the primary signification;]) i. e., in an absolute sense; and, with the article ال, the name of a particular valley in the territory of Keys: (TA:) pl. أَجْرِبَةٌ. (Lth, TA.) جَوْرَبٌ [A sock or stocking, or a pair of socks or stockings;] the wrapper of the foot or leg: (K:) or a pair of woollen envelopes for the feet, used for warmth: (TA:) an arabicized word, (S, Msb,) from the Persian گُورَبْ, originally گُورْ, i. e. “tomb of the foot:” (TA:) pl. جَوَارِبَةٌ and جَوَارِبُ; (S, A, Msb, K;) in the former of which, the ة is added because it is originally a foreign word. (S, TA.) You say, هُوَ

أَنْتَنُ مِنْ رِيحِ الجَوْرَبِ [He, or it, is more stinking than the smell of socks, or stockings]. (A, TA.) جَوَارِبِىٌّ A maker of جَوَارِب [i. e. socks or stockings]. (TA.) أجْرَبُ (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K) and ↓ جَرِبٌ (A, Mgh, K) and ↓ جَرْبَانُ or جَرْبَانٌ (K accord. to different copies) [Mangy, or scabby;] affected with what is termed جَرَب: (S, A, Msb, K:) applied to a camel, (A, Msb,) and to a man: (S, A:) fem. (of the first, Msb) جَرْبَآءُ (A, Msb) and [of the second] جَرِبَةٌ: (A:) pl. (of the first, S, Msb) جُرْبٌ (S, A, Msb, K) and (of the first, S, Mgh, TA, or of the second, Mgh, or of the third agreeably with analogy, TA) جَرْبَى (S, Mgh, K) and [of the first] أَجَارِبُ, which is like certain pls. of substantives, as أَجَادِلُ and أَنَامِلُ, (TA,) and (of the first contrary to rule, like عِجَافٌ and بِطَاحٌ and عِصَالٌ which are pls. of أَعْجَفُ and أَبْطَحُ and أَعْصَلُ, Msb, or of the second, IB, K, or of جُرْبٌ, which is pl. of the first, S) جِرَابٌ: (S, IB, Msb, K:) this last occurs in the following verse [of ‘Amr, or' Omeyr, Ibn-El-Hobáb, or El-Khabbáb; these variations being in different copies of the K; but in the TA art. نشر, and in a copy of the S in that art. and in the present one, ‘Omeyr Ibn-El-Khabbáb]: وَفِينَا وَإِنْ قِيلَ اصْطَلَحْنَا تَضَاغُنٌ كَمَا طَرَّ أَوْبَارُ الجِرَابِ عَلَى النَّشْرِ (S, K *) Within us, though it be said that we have made peace, one with another, and we are on good terms outwardly, is mutual rancour: as the soft wool of the mangy camels (while disease lurks beneath, within them, TA) grows by reason of [eating] the نشر [or herbage] that becomes green at the and of summer (in consequence of rain falling upon it, TA) and is injurious to animals that pasture upon it: (K, TA:) and it is said by IB, and in the K, that جراب, here, is pl. of جَرِبٌ, not, as J says, of جُرْبٌ: but MF observes that فِعَالٌ is the pl. measure of several words of the measure فُعْلٌ, as رُمْحٌ and دُهْنٌ, and is even said by IHsh and Ibn-Málik and AHei to be regularly applicable to sings. of this latter measure; whereas no grammarian nor Arabic scholar asserts that a word of the measure فَعِلٌ assumes فِعَالٌ as the measure of its pl. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] سَيْفٌ أَجْرَبُ (tropical:) A sword reddened by much rust, which cannot be removed from it unless with a file. (A.) b3: And أَرْضٌ جَرْبَآءُ (tropical:) Land affected with. drought: (S, A, Msb, K: *) or salt land, affected with drought, and containing nothing. (ISd, TA.) b4: And الجَرْبَآءُ (tropical:) The sky; (S, M, A, K;) so called because of the stars (S, TA) and the milky way, (TA,) as though it were scabbed with stars; (S, IF, ISd;) its stars being likened to the marks of جَرَب; (A;) like as the sea is called أَجْرَدُ, and like as the sky is also called رَقِيع because [as it were] patched with stars: (AAF, ISd:) or that tract of the sky in which the sun and moon revolve: (M, K:) or the lowest heaven: (AHeyth, TA:) and accord. to the M, جربة [so in the TA, app. ↓ جَرِبَةُ,] is applied as a determinate [proper] name to the sky. (TA.) b5: and جَرْبَآءُ (assumed tropical:) A beautiful girl; (IAar, K;) so called because the women separate themselves from her, seeing that their goodly qualities are rendered foul by comparison with hers. (IAar, TA.) تَجْرِبَةٌ is a subst. from جَرَّبَ: (Msb:) or it is an inf. n. of that verb, (M, A, K,) and is one of the inf. ns. from which pls. are formed: (M, TA:) its pl. is تَجَاربُ (M, Msb, TA) and تَجَارِيبُ, (M, TA.) En-Nábighah says, إِلَى اليَوْمِ قَدْ جُرِّبْنَ كُلَّ التَّجَارِبِ [To this day, they (referring to females) have been tried with every kind of tryings]: and El-Aashà

says, كَمْ جَرَّبُوهُ فَمَا زَادَتْ تَجَارِبُهُمْ

أَبَا قُدَامَةَ إِلَّا المَجْدَ وَالقَنَعَا [How often have they tried him, and their tryings of Aboo-Kudámeh have not increased aught save his glory and contentment!]; تجارب being here a pluralized inf. n. made to govern an objective complement; which is a strange fact. (M, TA.) [But in this latter instance, we may consider ابا قدامة as a first objective complement of رادت, and شَيْئَا, understood before الّا, as a second objective complement of the same verb.]

مُجْرِبٌ A man who has his camels affected with what is termed جَرَب [i. e. the mange, or scab]: whence the prov., لَا إِلَاهَ لِمُجْرِبٍ [There is no god to one who has his camels affected with the mange]; as though he renounced his god by frequently swearing falsely by him that he had no pitch when it was demanded of him [for the purpose of curing other camels]: (A:) or لَا أَلِيَّةَ لِمْجْرِبٍ [There is no oath to one who has his camels affected with the mange; for the reason above mentioned, or because he is likely to deny that he has mangy camels lest his camels should be prevented from coming to water: and hence also,] أَكْدَبُ مِنْ مُجْرِبٍ [More lying than one who has his camels affected with the mange]; another prov. (Meyd. [See Freytag's Arab. Prov., ii. 382.]) مُجَرَّبٌ One who has been tried, or proved, in affairs, and whose qualities have become known: (T, TA:) or one who has been tried, or proved, and strengthened by experience in affairs: (S:) [experienced, or expert, in affairs:] or one whose qualities have been tried, or proved. (K, TA.) And ↓ مُجَرِّبٌ One having experience in affairs. (K, TA.) In general, but not always, (MF,) the Arabs used the former of these two epithets [which are virtually synonymous]. (S, MF.) b2: دَرَاهِمُ مُجَرَّبَةٌ Weighed money. (Kr, K.) b3: المُجَرَّبُ The lion. (Sgh, K.) A2: [It is also employed as an inf. n. of 2, in accordance with a usage of which there are many other instances; as in the saying,] أَنْتَ عَلَى المُجَرَّبِ [Thou art about to have the proof, or experience]: a prov., mentioned by Az: said to him who asks respecting a thing which he is about to know of himself: originally said by a woman to a man who asked her an indecent question which he was himself about to resolve. (TA.) مُجَرِّبٌ: see مُجَرَّبٌ.

جي

أ1 جَآءَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. مَجِىْءٌ (S, Msb, K, &c., [the most common form, but] deviating from the general rule [respecting inf. ns. of this class], for the inf. n. of a verb of the form فَعَلَ having its aor. of the form يَفْعِلُ is [accord. to the general rule, if commencing with an augmentative م,] مَفْعَلٌ, though some words, beside مَجِىْءٌ, deviate from this rule by being of the measure مَفْعِلٌ, [ for مَجِىْءٌ is originally مَجْيِئٌ,] as مَعِيشٌ and مَكِيلٌ and مَصِيرٌ and مَسِيرٌ and مَحِيدٌ and مَمِيلٌ and مَقِيلٌ and مَزِيدٌ and مَعِيلٌ and مَبِيعٌ and مَحِيصٌ and مَحِيضٌ, S, * TA) and جَيْئَةٌ (S, K, of the form of an inf. n. of un., but used as an inf. n. in an absolute sense, like رَجْفَةٌ and رَحْمَةٌ, S, TA) and جَىْءٌ, (K,) He, or it, came; or was, or became, present; syn. أَتَى; (S, K;) or حَضَرَ, said of a man [&c.]; (Msb;) or حَصَلَ [meaning it came, came to pass, happened, took place, betided, befell, or occurred; it resulted; it ensued; &c.]; and it is used in relation to ideal, as well as real, substantives; so that إِذَا جَآءَ نَصْرُ اللّٰهِ [When the assistance of God shall come (in the Kur ex. 1)] is [not a figurative but] a proper phrase. (Er-Rághib, TA.) Sb mentions, on the authority of certain of the Arabs, هُوَ يَجِيكَ [for هو يَجِيْؤُكَ He comes, or will come, to thee], with the hemzeh suppressed: (TA:) and he also mentions يَجُوْءُ as a dial. var. of يَجِىْءُ. (Id. in art. جوأ, q. v.) [As shown above,] جَآءَ is used intransitively and transitively. (Msb, MF.) say, جَآءَ زَيْدٌ Zeyd came; or was, or became, present. (Msb.) and جِئْتُ مَجِيْئًا حَسَنًا [I came with a good coming; or in a good manner]. (S.) And جِئْتُ زَيْدًا I came to Zeyd. (Msb.) And sometimes one says, جِئْتُ إِلَيْهِ meaning I went [as well as I came] to him, or it. (Msb.) And جِئْتُ مِنَ البَلَدِ [I came from the town, or country]: and مِنَ القَوْمِ, meaning مِنْ عِنْدِ القَوْمِ [from the presence of the people, or company of men]. (Msb.) And جَآءَ الغَيْثُ The rain [came, or] descended. (Msb.) And جَآءَ أَمْرُ السُّلْطَانِ The order, or command, of the Sultán came, or arrived. (Msb.) And جِئْتُ بِهِ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ أَجَأْتُهُ, both signifying the same, (S, K,) [I came with him, or it;] I brought him, or it, with me. (Msb.) And الحَمْدُ للّٰهِ الَّذِى

جَآءَ بِكَ [Praise be to God who brought thee]; and الحَمْدُ للّٰهِ إِذْ جِئْتَ [Praise be to God because, or that, thou camest, or hast come]; but not الحَمْدُ للّٰهِ الَّذِى جِئْتَ: (S, TA:) and [in like manner] you say, الحَمْدُ للّٰهِ إِذْ كَانَ كَذَا; but not الحَمْدُ للّٰهِ الَّذِى كَانَ كَذَا unless you say بِهِ or مِنْهُ or عَنْهُ [after الذى]. (ISk, TA.) [Hence, جَآءَ بِوَلَدٍ He begot a child, or children; like أَتَى

بِوَلَدٍ. And جَآءتْ بِهِ She brought him forth; gave birth to him; like أَتَتْ بِهِ. And جَآءَ بِمَعْنًى It (a word) conveyed, or imported, a meaning.] b2: [جَآءَ بِشَىْءٍ also signifies He brought to pass, did, executed, performed, or effected, a thing: and he said, gave utterance to, or uttered, a thing: like

أَتَى بِهِ in both these senses.] And جَآءَ كَذَا He did thus, or such a thing. (TA.) Hence, [in the Kur xix. 28,] لَقَدْ جِئْتِ شَيْئًا فَرِيًّا (TA) [Verily, O Mary, thou hast done] a thing hitherto unknown; a thing deemed strange. (Bd. [See another ex. voce إِمْرٌ, likewise from the Kur.]) And جِئْتُ شَيْئًا حَسَنًا I did a good thing. (Msb.) And جَآءَ بِالبَدِيعِ He produced a new saying, or new poetry, not after the similitude of anything preceding. (TA in art. بدع.) And جَآءَ جَرْيًا بَعْدَ جَرْىٍ (K in art. تأم) or [more commonly] جاء بِجَرْىٍ بَعْدَ جَرْىٍ (M in that art.) [He (a horse) performed, or fetched, run after run]. b3: جَآء is also syn. with صَارَ, like أَتَى; as in the saying, جَآءَ البِنَآءُ مُحْكَمًا The building became, or came to be, firm, strong, or compact. (Kull p. 11.) [And hence the phrase,] مَا جَآءَتْ حَاجَتَكَ, (M, K,) thus in all the copies of the K, with the noun in the accus. case; i. e. What became, or has become, thy want? syn. مَا صَارَتْ; (M, K;) or What was thy want? syn. مَا كَانَتْ: (Er-Radee, TA:) ما being here an interrogative, and the [implied] pronoun [in the verb] being made fem. because its predicate is fem.: but some say حَاجَتُكَ, in the nom. case, [as it is in the CK, meaning What did, or has, thy want become?] regarding حاجتك as the subject of جاءت, and ما as the predicate of this verb. (TA.) b4: See also 3.3 مُجَايَأَةٌ [inf. n. of جَايَأَ] signifies The act of facing, or fronting; being opposite, or over against: (IAar, K:) and the act of coinciding; as also جِيَآءٌ. (Az, K.) You say of a man, جَايَأَنِى مِنْ قُرْبٍ He faced me, fronted me, was opposite to me, or was over against me, at a short distance. (TA.) And مَرَّ بِى مُجَايَأَةً He passed by me being in front, or opposite. (TA.) and جَايَأْتُ فُلَانًا I coincided with such a one in his coming. (TA.) And لَوْ جَاوَزْتَ هٰذَا المَكَانَ لَجَايَأْتَ الغَيْثَ Hadst thou passed beyond this place, thou hadst met with rain, or coincided with rain in its coming. (TA.) b2: ↓ جَاآنِى فَجِئْتُهُ, [so in copies of the S, and in copies of the K, as from the S, but in the TA, as from the S, جَآءَأَنِى, and said to be with two hemzehs, though this is evidently wrong,] aor. ـِ the former verb of the measure فَاعَلَنِى, (S,) is [said to be] a mistake for جَايَأَنِى فجئته, since the former verb has an infirm letter [ى] for its medial radical and ء for its final, not the reverse, (Sgh, K,) [therefore] what J says is not allowable unless it be an instance of transposition; (IB, TA;) but what is given by F [and Sgh as the correct form] is that which is accord. to rule, and what J says is that which has been heard from the Arabs, as ISd has pointed out; (TA;) [and rule is not to be regarded when it is contr. to classical usage;] the meaning is, He vied with me, or strove to surpass me, in frequency of coming, and I surpassed him therein. (S, K.) 4 أَجَاءَهُ He made him, or it, to come. (Kull p. 11.) b2: [Hence,] أَجَأْتُهُ i. q. جِئْتُ بِهِ: see 1. (S, K.) b3: أَجَأْتُهُ إِلَيْهِ I compelled him, constrained him, or necessitated him, to have recourse, or betake himself, to it; (Fr, S, K;) or made him to want it, or be in need of it: (S:) in the dial. of Temeem, أَشَأْتُهُ. (TA in art. شيأ.) It is said in a prov., شَرٌّ مَا يُجِيْؤُكَ إِلَى مُخَّةِ عُرْقُوبٍ [It is an evil thing that compels thee to have recourse to the marrow of a hock]; for, as As says, the عرقوب contains no marrow, and only he who cannot obtain any [other] thing is made to want it. (S.) And it is said in the Kur xix. 23, فَأَجَآءَهَا المَخَاضُ إِلَى جِذْعِ النَّخْلَةِ And the motion of the child in her womb compelled her to betake herself to the trunk of the palm-tree. (Bd.) جِيْئَةٌ [A coming;] a subst. from جَآءَ, (S, K,) of the measure فِعْلَةٌ, with kesr to the ج. (S.) جَئِئٌ and جَأّءٌ: see what next follows.

جَيَّآءٌ, (K,) mentioned by Sb as an extr. word, (TA,) [but regularly formed, of the measure فَعَّالٌ,] and ↓ جَأّءٌ, also written جَأَّاءٌ, (K,) with the ى changed into hemzeh, (TA,) and ↓ جَئِئٌ, (K,) [originally جَيِئٌ, of the measure فَعِلٌ, denoting intensiveness, in the CK written جَايِئٌ,] mentioned by IJ as anomalous, A frequent comer. (TA.) One says, إِنَّهُ لَجَيَّآءٌ بِخَيْرٍ Verily he is a frequent bringer of good. (TA.) جَآءٍ, originally جَايِئٌ, then جَائِئٌ, then جَائِىٌ, and then جَآءٍ, Coming; act. part. n. of 1.]

غمط

1 غَمِطَ, aor. ـَ and غَمَطَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. غَمْطٌ, (S, K,) of both; (S;) He despised men; held them in contempt; (S, K;) accounted them little, or vile. (TA.) It is said in a trad., إِنَّمَا ذٰلِكَ مَنْ سَفِهَ الحَقَّ وَغَمَِطَ النَّاسَ That (S, TA,) meaning transgression, iniquity, or injustice, (TA,) is only (S, TA) the action of (TA) such as regards the truth, or right, as foolishness, or ignorance, and despises men: (S, TA:) Sgh says that accord. to one relation, it is غَمَصَ: and Az relates it thus; الكِبْرُ أَنْ تَسْفَهَ الحَقَّ وَتَغْمِطَ النَّاسَ [Pride is thy regarding the truth, or right, as foolishness, or ignorance, and thy despising men]. (TA.) b2: Also the former, (TA,) or both, (K,) He was ungrateful for health, and safety, (K, TA,) and a favour, or benefit, or blessing: (S, * TA:) and both, (S, K,) he held in light estimation, was ungrateful for, and despised, (S, K,) a favour, or benefit, or blessing, (K, TA,) and his life. (S, TA.) b3: And the former, He denied, or disacknowledged, a right, or due. (TA.) 4 اغمط It continued; it kept, or clave; (K;) like اغبط. (TA.) Hence, (TA,) أَغْمَطَتْ عَلَيْهِ الحُمَّى, a dial. var. of اغبطت, q. v. (S, TA.) 8 اغتمطهُ بَالكَلَامِ He treated him contemptuously with speech: (O:) and (O) he overcame, and subdued, him therewith; (O, L, K;) and so اِغْتَطَّةُ. (O, L.) b2: And اغتمطهُ He vied, or contended, in running with him, and outstripped him, after he had been outstripped (O, K) by him; mentioned by Ibn-'Abbád; (O;) and so اِغْتَطَّهُ; (TA;) and أَغْمَضَهُ. (Ibn-'Abbád and O in art. غمض.

سَمَآءٌ غَمَطَى i. q. غَبَطَى, q. v. (IDrd, K.) سَيْرٌ مُغْمَطٌ i. q. مُغْبَطٌ, q. v. (ISh.)