سخن

1 سَخُنَ, (JK, S, MA, L, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (TA;) and سَخَنَ, (S, MA, L, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (TK;) and سَخِنَ, (L, Msb, K,) which is of the dial. of Benoo-'Ámir, (L,) aor. ـَ (TK;) inf. n. سُخُونَةٌ, (JK, S, MA, L, Msb, K,) which is of the first [agreeably with analogy] (JK, S, MA) and of the second also, (S,) and سُخْنَةٌ, (JK, L, K,) which is of the first, (JK,) and سُخْنٌ, (MA, L, K, [accord. to some copies of the K, in which بِضَمَّتَيْنِ is put instead of بِضَمِّهِنَّ after these three inf. ns., سُخُنٌ,]) which is likewise of the first, (MA,) [or of the first and second,] and سَخَانَةٌ, (L, Msb, K,) [also of the first accord. to general analogy,] and سَخَنٌ, (K,) [which is of the third verb;] It was, or became, hot, or warm; (JK, S, MA, L, K;) said of water, (JK, S, L, Msb,) &c. (S, MA, L, Msb.) And سَخَنَتِ النَّارُ, and القِدْرُ, [and سَخُنَت,] aor. ـُ inf. n. سُخْنٌ and سُخُونَةٌ, [The fire, and the cooking-pot, became hot.] (L.) And سَخُنَتِ الأَرْضُ and سَخَنَت and سَخِنَت [The ground became hot]. (L.) and سَخُنَتْ عَلَيْهِ الشَّمْسُ [The sun became hot upon him]: in the dial. of Benoo-'Ámir سَخِنَتْ. (L.) And سَخُنَ اليَوْمُ, (L, Msb,) and سَخَنَ, aor. ـُ and some say سَخِنَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. سُخْنٌ and سُخُنٌ, [The day was, or became, hot, or warm.] (L.) And سَخُنَتِ الدَّابَّةُ The beast, being made to run, became hot in its bones, and light, or agile, in its running; [or simply, became hot, or heated; (see EM pp. 172 and 173;)] as also سَخَنَت. (L.) And سَخِنَتْ عَيْنُهُ, with kesr, (JK, * S, MA, L, K,) and سَخُنَتْ, (JK, L,) or the former only, (L,) inf. n. سُخْنَةٌ (JK, S, * MA, L, K, [in the CK, erroneously, سَخْنَة,]) and سُخُونٌ (JK, L, K) and سَخَنٌ, (L, K, [accord. to the CK سَخْنٌ, but this is a mistake,]) contr. of قَرَّتْ (S, * L, K *) [i. e.] His eye was, or became, hot, [or heated, or inflamed, by weeping, or by grief or sorrow; or hot] in its tears. (MA.) 2 سَخَّنَ see the next paragraph.4 اسخنهُ; (L, Msb, K;) inf. n. إِسْخَانٌ, (S, L,) He heated it, or warmed it; made it hot, or warm; (S, * L, Msb, * K;) namely, water, (S, L, Msb,) &c.; (L, Msb;) as also ↓ سخّنهُ, (L, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَسْخِينٌ. (S, L.) And اسخن اللّٰهُ عَيْنَهُ, (S, L, K,) and بِعَيْنِهِ, (L, K,) [God made his eye to become hot, or heated, or inflamed, by weeping, or by grief or sorrow; or, simply,] made him to weep. (S, L, K.) سَخْنٌ: see سُخْنَةٌ. b2: [The signification of “ calor aquæ aliarumve rerum,” assigned to it by Freytag as on the authority of J, is a mistake, probably occasioned by a fault in his copy of the S.]

سُخْنٌ an inf. n. of 1 [q. v.]. (MA, L, K.) b2: Also Hot, or warm; (MA, PS;) i. q. حَارٌّ; (S, MA, Mgh, L, K;) contr. of بَارِدٌ; (JK, L;) an epithet applied to water, (JK, MA, Mgh, L,) &c.; (Msb;) as is also (in the same sense, JK, MA, Mgh, L) ↓ سَخِينٌ, (JK, S, MA, Mgh, L, Msb, K,) and ↓ سَاخِنٌ, (Msb,) and ↓ مُسْخَنٌ, syn. with سَخِينٌ like as مُبْرَمٌ is with بَرِيمٌ, &c., (IAar, S, L,) or ↓ مُسَخَّنٌ, [which is syn. with مُسْخَنٌ as meaning heated, or warmed,] like مُعَظَّمٌ [in measure], (K,) and ↓ سِخِّينٌ, (L, K,) and ↓ سُخَاخِينٌ, which is the only instance of the measure, (S, L, K, [which measure is said in the S to be فُعَاعِيلٌ, but in the K فُعَالِيلٌ,]) and which is also applied to food; (L;) syn. حَارٌّ: (L, K:) or, accord. to AA, ↓ سَخِينٌ, applied to water, means neither hot nor cold; as also سَخِيمٌ. (L.) And يَوْمٌ سُخْنٌ and ↓ سَاخِنٌ (S, L, Msb, K) and ↓ سَخْنَانٌ or ↓ سَخَنَانٌ, (accord. to different copies of the S,) or both these, (K,) and ↓ سُخْنَانٌ, (L, K, * [in the CK and in my MS. copy of the K written سُخْنَانُ, which is incorrect, and in like manner سَخْنَانٌ is there written ↓ سَخْنَانُ, but this, as well as سَخْنَانٌ, may be correct, for it appears that سَخْنَان has سَخْنَآءُ for its fem. as well as سَخْنَانَةٌ,]) and ↓ سُخَاخِينٌ signifies the same, [i. e. A hot, or warm, day,] or, accord. to IAar, ↓ يَوْمٌ سُخَاخِينٌ signifies a day that is [so hot as to be] hurtful, and painful: (L:) and لَيْلَةٌ سُخْنَةٌ (S, L, Msb, K) and ↓ سَاخِنَةٌ (L, Msb, K) and ↓ سَخْنَانَةٌ or ↓ سَخَنَانَةٌ, (S, accord. to different copies,) or both, (K,) and ↓ سُخْنَانَةٌ, (L, K,) [i. e. a hot, or warm, night,] or ↓ يَوْمٌ سَخَنَانٌ signifies a day intensely hot, and ↓ لَيْلَةٌ سَخْنَآءُ [the latter word being fem. of سَخْنَانُ] a sultry night, or intensely hot so that it takes away the breath: (JK:) and it is said in a trad. of Mo'áwiyeh Ibn-Kurrah, ↓ شَرُّ الشِّتَآءِ السَّخِينُ, meaning [The worst of winter is] the hot in which is no cold; in the “ Ghareeb ” of El-Harbee, ↓ السُّخَيْخِينُ, expl. as meaning the same, but this is probably a mistranscription. (L.) سَخَنٌ an inf. n. of 1 [q. v., last sentence]. See also سُخْنَةٌ.

سَخْنَةٌ: see the next paragraph.

سُخْنَةٌ an inf. n. of 1 [q. v.]. (JK, S, * &c.) [Hence,] one says, إِنِّى لَأَجِدُ فِى نَفْسِى سُخْنَةً, (L, K, *) as also ↓ سَخَنَةً (S, L, K, the only form mentioned in the S in this case) and ↓ سَخْنَةً (L, K) and ↓ سِخْنَةً and ↓ سَخْنًا, (K,) or ↓ سَخَنًا, (JK,) and ↓ سَخْنَآءَ (L) and ↓ سُخُونَةً (L, K) [and ↓ إِسْخِنَةً (in the JK erroneously written أسْخِنَةً) contr. of إِبْرِدَةً], meaning [Verily I find, or experience, in myself,] an excess of heat arising from pain: (S, L:) or [simply] heat: or fever. (L, K.) [Hence also,] سُخْنَةُ العَيْنِ contr. of قُرَّتُهَا [i. e. it signifies A hot, or heated, or an inflamed, state of the eye, by reason of weeping, or of grief or sorrow; or heat in the tears of the eye: see 1, last sentence]. (S, L, K.) سِخْنَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph. b2: One says also, عَلَيْكَ بِالأَمْرِ عِنْدَ سِخْنَتِهِ, meaning (assumed tropical:) [Keep thou to the affair] while it is in its first state, before it become cold [i. e. unmanageable, like cold iron]. (L.) سَخَنَةٌ: see سُخْنَةٌ.

سَخْنَآءُ [as fem. of سَخْنَانُ]: see سُخْنٌ, latter part. b2: See also سُخْنَةٌ.

سَخْنَانٌ and سَخْنَانُ and سُخْنَانٌ, and سَخَنَانٌ in two places, and the same with ة: see سُخْنٌ.

سَخُونٌ Broth heated, or made hot. (S, L, K.) سَخِينٌ: see سُخْنٌ, in three places. [See also a saying of ' Amr Ibn-Kulthoom cited in the first paragraph of art. سخو and سخى.] b2: Also, (K,) or سَخِينُ العَيْنِ, (S, MA, L,) A man whose eye is [hot, or heated, or inflamed, by weeping, or by grief or sorrow; or] hot in its tears. (S, * MA, L, * K. *) b3: And ضَرْبٌ سَخِينٌ, (K,) or ↓ سِخِّينٌ, (L,) (assumed tropical:) A hot, [i. e.] painful, smiting. (L, K. [Both are probably correct: that the latter is so is shown by what here follows.]) Ibn-Mukbil says, ↓ ضَرْبًا تَرَامَتْ بِهِ الأَبْطَالُ سِخِّينَا [A smiting which the brave men cast, one at another, burning, or painful: the measure (بَسِيط) requires us to read the last word thus, with tesh-deed to the خ]. (L.) سَخُونَةٌ: see سَخِينَةٌ.

سُخُونَةٌ an inf. n. of 1 [q. v.]. (JK, S, &c.) See also سُخْنَةٌ.

سَخِينَةٌ A certain thin food, made of flour; (K;) a kind of food made of flour, thinner than [the kind of gruel called] عَصِيدَة and thicker than [the soup called] حَسَآء; like نَفِيتَة, it is eaten only in a time of straitness, and dearth, and leanness of the cattle; and Kureysh were taunted on account of their eating it; (S, L;) for they ate it much; and were called سَخِينَة: accord. to Az, it is also called ↓ سَخُونَةٌ: accord. to AHeyth, on the authority of an Arab of the desert, it is flour thrown upon water or upon milk, and cooked, and then eaten [with dates (see خَزِيرٌ)], or supped; and this is what is called حَسَآء: [it is said in the Mgh to be the same as حَسَآء:] accord. to others, hot food: or food made of flour and clarified butter: or, of flour and dates, thicker than حَسَآء and thinner than عَصِيدَة. (L.) سِخِّينٌ: see سُخْنٌ: and سَخِينٌ, in two places.

A2: Also, (L, K,) in the S سَخِينٌ, which is a mistake, (K,) A مِسْحَاة [or shovel, or spade]: or a curved مِسْحَاة: of the dial. of 'Abd-El-Keys: (S, L:) pl. سَخَاخِينُ. (L, K.) [And] The مَرّ [or shovel, or spade,] with which one works in earth or mud: (JK:) or the handle of the [implement called] مِحْرَاث [q. v.]; (L, K;) i. e., (L,) its مَرّ, which is also called مِعْزَق. (IAar, L.) And A knife: or a butcher's knife: pl. as above. (IAar, L, K.) سُخَاخِينٌ: see سُخْنٌ, in three places. Also Rain coming in the intense heat of summer. (JK.) السُّخَيْخِينُ: see سُخْنٌ, last sentence.

سَاخِنٌ; and its fem., with ة: see سُخْنٌ, in three places.

إِسْخِنَةٌ contr. of إِبْرِدَةٌ: (K:) [see the latter word: and] see سُخْنَةٌ.

تَسْخَنٌ and تَسْخَانٌ: see the next paragraph; the latter, in two places.

تَسَاخِينُ, accord. to Th, (Mgh, L, Msb,) a pl. having no sing., (S, Mgh, L, Msb, K,) like تَعَاشِيبُ; (S;) or its sing. is ↓ تَسْخَانٌ and ↓ تَسْخَنٌ, (Mgh, L, Msb, K,) Boots; syn. خِفَافٌ [pl. of خُفٌّ]: (JK, S, Mgh, L, Msb, K:) occurring in a trad., in which it is said, أَمَرَهُمْ أَنْ يَمْسَحُوا عَلَى

المَشَاوِذِ وَالتَّسَاخِينِ, (S, L,) [expl. as] meaning [He ordered them to wipe] the turbans and the boots. (L.) [But see what here follows.] b2: Also A kind of thing like the طَيَالِس [pl. of طَيْلَسَانٌ, q. v.]: (K:) Hamzeh El-Isbahánee says, ↓ تَسْخَانٌ is an arabicized word from [the Pers\.]

تَشْكن [?], the name of a certain kind of headcovering, which the learned men, and the lawyers of the Persians or the judges of the Magians, exclusively of other persons, used to put upon their heads; and by such as knew not its Pers\. original, it has been expl. as meaning a boot. (IAth, L.) A2: Also i. q. مَرَاجِلُ [i. e. Cookingpots, or copper cooking-pots, &c.; pl. of مِرْجَلٌ, q. v.]. (L, K. [In the CK, المَرَاحِلُ الخِفافُ is erroneously put for المَرَاجِلُ وَالخِفَافُ. See also مِسْخَنَةٌ.]) مُسْخَنٌ: see سُخْنٌ, second sentence.

مَسْخَنَةٌ [A cause of heat or warmth]: see an ex. voce مَبْرَدَةٌ [which signifies the contrary].

مِسْخَنَةٌ A cooking-pot (قِدْرٌ, JK, S, L) of the kind called بِرَام [pl. of بُرْمَةٌ, q. v.], (L, K,) like the [vessel called] تَوْر [q. v.], (JK, S, L, K,) in which food is heated: or accord. to ISh, a small cooking-pot in which one cooks for a child. (L.) مُسَخَّنٌ: see سُخْنٌ, second sentence.

سخو and سخى 1 سَخَا, aor. ـْ (S, Msb, K;) and سَخَى, aor. ـْ (K;) and سَخِىَ, aor. ـْ and سَخُوَ, aor. ـْ (S, Msb, K;) inf. n. سَخَآءٌ, (S, * M, Msb, * K, TA,) of the first verb, (M, Msb, * TA,) and of the second, (TA,) and سُخُوٌّ, (M, K, TA, [in the CK سَخْو,]) of the first verb, (M, TA,) or of the last, (TA,) and سُخُوَّةٌ, (M, K, TA,) of the first verb, (M, TA,) or of the third, (TA,) and سَخًى, (Msb, K, TA,) of the third verb, (Msb, TA,) and سَخَاوَةٌ, of the last verb; (S, Msb, TA;) He was, or became, liberal, bountiful, munificent, or generous; or he affected, or constrained himself, to be generous; (S, * Msb, * K, * TA;) syn. جَادَ, and تَكَرَّمَ; (TA;) the inf. ns. signifying جُودٌ (S, Msb) and كَرَمٌ (Msb) [or تَكَرُّمٌ]. And سَخَتْ نَفْسُهُ His mind was, or became, liberal, &c. (Msb.) [Accord. to J,] the saying of 'Amr Ibn-Kulthoom, [relating to wine,] إِذَا مَا المَآءُ خَالَطَهَا سَخِينَا means [When the water mixes with it, and we drink it,] we are, or become, liberal, or bountiful, with our riches; and the assertion that سخينا is from السُّخُونَةُ, in the accus. case as a denotative of state, is a mistake: (S:) the former is the saying of AA; and the latter, of As: but IB says, on the authority of IKtt, that the right explanation is that which J disallows; and Es-Safadee says the like. (TA.) [See also 5.] b2: [Hence,] سَخِيَتْ نَفْسِى عَنِ الشَّىْءِ I left, or relinquished, the thing. (S.) And سَخَا بِنَفْسِهِ عَنْهُ He left, or relinquished, it; (TA:) or he held himself far from it; or withdrew his heart from it; as also نَفْسَهُ عَنْهُ ↓ سَخَّى and سخّى بِنَفْسِهِ عَنْهُ: (MA:) or نَفْسِى عَنْ هٰذَا الشَّىْءِ ↓ سَخَّيْتُ and سخّيت بِنَفْسِى عَنْهُ I left, or relinquished, this thing, and my soul did not strive with me to incline me to it. (JK.) And سَخَا قَلْبِى عَلَيْكَ [perhaps a mistranscription for عَنْكَ] I endured with patience the being debarred from thee. (JK.) A2: سَخَا, (K,) aor. ـْ inf. n. سَخْوٌ, (TA,) He (a man) rested from his state of motion: (K:) from ISd. (TA.) A3: سَخَا النَّارَ, aor. ـْ inf. n. سَخْوٌ; (AA, S, K;) and سَخِيَهَا, aor. ـْ inf. n. سَخْىٌ; (AA, S;) and سَخَاهَا, aor. ـْ inf. n. سَخْىٌ; (Sgh, K;) He made an opening in the live and extinct coals of the fire which had become collected together after it had been kindled: (T, S:) or he made a way [or vent] for the fire, beneath the cooking-pot: (M, K:) or سَخَا النَّارَ signifies فَتَحَ عَيْنَهَا [i. e. he made an opening in the live coals of the fire, that had become collected together, (as expl. in the TK in art. صخو,) i. e., that had become compacted; in order that it might burn up well]; as also صَخَاهَا: or, as some say, he cleared, or swept, away the live, or burning, coals of the fire; as also with ح: (TA: [see سَحَا:]) and النَّارَ ↓ سَخَّيْتُ, inf. n. تَسْخِيَةٌ, I opened the heart of the place where the fire was kindled, in order that it might burn up well. (JK.) And one says, اِسْخَ نَارَكَ meaning Make thou a place upon which to kindle thy fire. (S.) b2: And سَخَا القِدْرَ, (K,) aor. ـْ inf. n. سَخْوٌ, (TA,) He made a way [or vent] for the fire beneath the cooking-pot; (K;) mentioned by ISd, who adds that one says also, سَخَا الجَمْرَ مِنْ تَحْتِ القِدْرِ: (TA:) or the former phrase, [and app. the latter also,] he put aside the live coals from beneath the cooking-pot; (JK, TA;) as also ↓ سَخَّاهَا. (JK.) A4: سَخِىَ, aor. ـْ inf. n. سَخًا, said of a camel, (S, K,) and of a young weaned camel, (S,) He became affected with a limping, or halting, (S, K,) having leaped with a heavy load, in consequence of which a flatus had intervened between the skin and the shoulderblade: (S:) the epithet applied to the animal in this case is ↓ سَخٍ, (S, K,) mentioned by Yaakoob, (S,) and ↓ سَخِىٌّ, (JK, K,) this latter mentioned by Sgh, and anomalous, being of a measure proper to an epithet from a verb of the measure فَعُلَ, with damm to the medial radical; (TA;) and the pl. of this latter epithet is سَخَايَا and سَخَاوَى. (JK.) 2 1َ2َّ3َ see above, in four places.5 تسخّى He affected, or constrained himself, to be liberal, bountiful, munificent, or generous, (S, K,) عَلَى أَصْحَابِهِ [over and above his companions]. (S.) سَخْوٌ مِنْ كَلَامٍ Somewhat of speech. (JK.) سَخٍ: see سَخِىٌّ: A2: and see also 1, last sentence.

سَخِىٌّ Liberal, bountiful, munificent, or generous; (S, * Msb, K;) as also ↓ سَاخٍ and ↓ سَخٍ: (Msb, TA:) fem. of the first with ة: pl. masc.

أَسْخِيَآءُ and سُخَوَآءُ: and pl. fem. سَخِيَّاتٌ and سَخَايَا. (K.) b2: [Hence,] one says, إِنَّهُ لَسَخِىُّ النَّفْسِ عَنْهُ [Verily he is content to leave, or relinquish, it]. (TA.) A2: See also 1, last sentence.

سَخَآءٌ A certain plant of the [season called]

رَبِيع: n. un. with ة: (JK:) the latter, of which the former is [said to be] the pl., signifies a certain herb, or leguminous plant, (K, TA,) rising upon a stem, having what resembles in form an ear of wheat, in which are grains like those of the يَنْبُوت [which is variously explained], and a heart, or kernel, (لُبَاب,) the grain of which is a remedy for wounds: it is also called صَخَآءَةٌ; but the more approved pronunciation is with س. (TA in art. صخو.) سَخْوَآءُ: see the next paragraph.

سَخَاوِىٌّ applied to a place, and سَخَاوِيَّةٌ applied to a land (أَرْضٌ), Soft in the earth [thereof]; (S, TA;) to which is added in the S, وَهِىَ مَنْسُوبَةٌ [and it is rel. n.]; but in the handwriting of Aboo-Zekereeyà وَهِىَ مُسْتَوِيَةٌ [i. e. and such as is even, or level]: (TA:) or the former is pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] of the latter, which signifies land soft in the earth [thereof]: or wide, or ample: as also ↓ سَخْوَآءُ: (K:) or this last signifies a soft, or plain, and wide, or ample, land: (S:) and its pl. is سَخَاوَى and سَخَاوِى [or rather سَخَاوٍ, when indeterminate]: (S, K: [in the former, these two pls. are correctly written with the article السَّخَاوَى and السَّخَاوِى:]) or, accord. to AA, سَخَاوِىُّ signifies land, or lands, [for the explanation is ambiguous, app. meaning the latter,] in which is nothing; and in like manner سَخَاوِيَّةٌ [but app. as a n. un.]: accord. to As and A'Obeyd, land; but correctly lands: (TA:) or width, or wide extent, (JK, TA,) so some say, (TA,) of a desert, or waterless desert, and vehemence of heat thereof. (JK.) سَاخٍ: see سَخِىٌّ.

أَسْخَى [More, and most, liberal, bountiful, munificent, or generous]: see an ex. voce لَافِظٌ.

مَسْخَى النَّارِ The place that is widened [or hollowed], in the fire, beneath the cooking-pot, in order that it may be able to burn up well: and hence, some say, is derived السَخَآءُ meaning الجُودُ; because the bosom becomes expanded on the occasion of giving. (TA.)

شفر

1 شَفڤرَ The primary signification of [the inf. n.]

شفر [i. e. شَفْرٌ, of which the verb is app. شَفَرَ,] is The act of cutting, or cutting off; syn. قَطْعٌ. (Ham p. 57.) A2: شَفَرَهَا, (K,) inf. n. شَفْرٌ, (TA,) He struck her (a woman's) شُفْر (K, TA) in compressing her. (TA.) b2: And شَفَرَ [or app. شَفَرَ

إِنْسَانًا] He annoyed, molested, harmed, or hurt, a man. (IAar, O, TA.) A3: شَفِرَتْ, aor. ـَ inf. n. شَفَارَةٌ, She (a woman) was one whose gratification of her venereal lust (شَهْوَتُهَا) soon took place: (K:) or she emitted; [or, app., emitted soon;] syn. أَنْزَلَتْ. (TA.) A4: And شَفِرَ, aor. ـَ It decreased, diminished, or became defective or deficient. (IAar, K.) 2 شفّرها, (K,) inf. n. تَشْفِيرٌ, (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K,) He compressed her (i. e. a woman, Ibn-'Abbád, O) on the شُفْر of her فَرْج. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) b2: And شَفَّرْتُ الشَّىْءَ, inf. n. as above, I eradicated, or extirpated, the thing. (TA.) A2: شفّر المَالُ, (O, K,) inf. n. as above, (K,) The property became little: (O, K:) and went away: (K:) from IAar. (TA.) b2: And شفّر said of a man, He gave little. (Ham p. 242.) b3: and شفّرت الشَّمْسُ (O, K) لِلْغُرُوبِ (O) (assumed tropical:) The sun became near to setting; (O, K;) being likened to a man whose property has become little, and gone away. (TA.) b4: And in like manner, (TA,) شفّر عَلَى أَمْرٍ (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K) and لِأَمْرٍ, (Ibn-'Abbád, O,) said of a man, (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, on the brink, or verge, of the affair, or event, or case. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) 4 اشفر is said in the Tekmileh to signify He (a camel) strove, or exerted himself, in running: but perhaps it should be اشغر, mentioned before [in art. شغر]. (TA.) شَفْرٌ: see the next paragraph, in four places.

شُفْرٌ The place of growth of the eyelash, (Sh, T, S, A, Msb, K,) which is the edge of the eyelid; (S, Msb;) as also ↓ شَفْرٌ (Kr, A, K) and ↓ شَفِيرٌ: (K:) or, accord. to some, this last signifies the upper side of the inner angle of the eye: (TA:) and with the vulgar, the first signifies the eyelash; but this is [said to be] a mistake: (IKt, Msb:) it occurs, however, in this sense, in a trad. of Esh-Shaabee; (IAth, TA;) and in like manner the pl. occurs in another trad.; but the word شَعَر should be considered as understood before it; or what grows is thus called by the name of the places of growth, and the like of this is not rare: (Mgh:) it is of the masc. gender: (Lh, K:) and the pl. is أَشْفَارٌ, (Sb, S, Mgh, Msb,) the only pl. form. (Sb, TA.) [Hence,] one says, ↓ مَا بِالدَّارِ شَفْرٌ, (Ks, Fr, T, S, Msb, K,) and شُفْرٌ, (Lh, Msb, K,) but Sh disallows this latter, (TA,) and ↓ شَفْرَةٌ, (Fr, Sgh, K,) (tropical:) There is not in the house any one: (S, Msb, K, &c.:) and مَا رَأَيْتُ

↓ مِنْهُمْ شَفْرًا (tropical:) I saw not of them any one: from the شفر of the eye: meaning one having a شفر: (A:) and شفر is also used in this sense without a negation. (TA.) One says likewise, مَا تَرَكَتِ السَّنَةُ ظُفْرًا وَلَا شُفْرًا (tropical:) The year of drought left not anything: and sometimes they said ↓ شَفْرًا, with fet-h, and in this case they said ظَفْرًا, for assimilation. (A.) b2: Also, (S A, Mgh, Msb, K,) and ↓ شَفِيرٌ, (S, A, Msb, K,) The edge, border, margin, brink, brow, (S, Mgh, Msb,) or side, (A, K,) of anything; (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K;) as of a valley and the like, (S,) or as of a river &c.: (Mgh and Msb, in relation to the latter word:) one says, النَّهْرِ ↓ قَعَدُوا عَلَى شَفِيرِ, and البِئْرِ, and القَبْرِ, They sat upon the side of the river, and of the well, and of the grave: (A:) and both words signify the side of the upper part of a valley. (K.) b3: and الشُّفْرُ, (K,) or شُفْرُ الفَرْجِ, (Msb,) and شُفْرُ المَرْأَةِ, (TA,) The edge, (Msb, K,) or border, (TA,) of the vulva, or external portion of the organs of generation, [meaning, of each of the labia majora,] of a woman: (Msb, K, TA:) pl. أَشْفَارٌ: (Msb:) the إِسْكَتَانِ are the two sides [or labia majora] of the vulva of a woman; and the شُفْرَانِ are the two borders of the said اسكتان: (AHeyth, Mgh, TA:) Lth says that the ↓ شَافِرَانِ are [two parts] of the pudendum muliebre: (TA:) and شُفْرُ الرَّحِمِ and ↓ شَافِرُهَا signify [in like manner] the edges of the vulva: (S:) and شُفْرَا المَرْأَةِ and ↓ شَافِرَاهَا, the two edges of the رَحِم [or vulva (for الرَّحِم is here used tropically, for الفَرْج, as it is in many other instances,)] of a woman. (TA.) شِفْرٌ: see شَفْرَةٌ, first sentence.

شَفَرٌ: see سَفَنٌ, first sentence.

شَفِرٌ [an epithet of which the fem. only is mentioned]. شَفِرَةٌ and ↓ شَفِيرَةٌ signify A woman who experiences the gratification of her venereal lust (شَهْوَتَهَا) in her شُفْر; so that she emits (تُنْزِلُ) speedily: or [in the CK “ and ”] who is content with the least of coitus: (K, TA:) contr. of قَعِرَةٌ and قَعِيرَةٌ. (TA.) شَفْرَةٌ A large knife; (S, A, K;) as also ↓ شِفْرَةٌ, though this is mentioned only by the author of the Mgh; (MF; [but it is not in my copy of the Mgh; and Golius mentions ↓ شُفْرَةٌ as having this signification, on the authority of Meyd;]) or a broad knife: (Mgh, Msb:) pl. شِفَارٌ (Msb, K) and شَفَرَاتٌ (Msb) and [coll. gen. n., of which شِفْرَةٌ is the n. un., or it may be a quasi-pl. n. of شَفْرَةٌ,] ↓ شِفْرٌ. (TA.) b2: And hence, (Mgh, TA,) (tropical:) A servant; (S, Mgh, TA;) because of his utility. (TA.) It is said in a prov., أَصْغَرُ القَوْمِ شَفْرَتُهُمْ (tropical:) The least of the party is their servant. (S, Mgh.) b3: Also A shoemaker's knife. (S, K.) b4: And A piece of iron made broad, and edged, or pointed. (K.) b5: A broad blade: so says the author of the Mgh. (TA. [But not in my copy of the Mgh.]) b6: The edge, or cutting part, (حَدّ,) of a sword: (S, Mgh, K:) or the edge of the cutting part of a sword. (TA. [See ذُبَابٌ.]) The side of a blade: (K:) or each of the two sides thereof. (AHn, TA.) [Each of the two sharp sides or edges of a spear-head and of an arrow-head.] b7: See also شُفْرٌ, second sentence.

شُفْرَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

شِفْرَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

شَفُورٌ i. q. زُنْبُورٌ The hornet, or hornets. (Golius, on the authority of Meyd.)]

شَفِيرٌ: see شُفْرٌ, in three places. b2: Also The edge of the lip of a camel. (K.) A2: شَفِيرَةٌ: see شَفِرَةٌ, voce شَفِرٌ.

يَرْبُوعٌ شُفَارِىٌّ A jerboa having hair upon its ears: (S:) or having large ears: or having long ears, and bare toes, [in the CK, for العَارِى البَرَاثِنِ, which is evidently the right reading, we find العالى البراثن,] not quickly overtaken: (K:) it is [of] a species of jerboa called ضَأْنُ اليَرَابِيعِ, the fattest and the best, with ears somewhat long: (TA:) or having long legs, and soft and fat flesh: (K:) it is said that it has a nail in the middle of its shank. (TA. [See تَدْمُرِىٌّ.]) b2: ضَبٌّ شُفَارِىٌّ A long and bulky [lizard of the kind called] ضبّ. (Ham p. 242.) b3: أُذُنٌ شُفَارِيَّةٌ (as also شُرَافِيَّةٌ [q. v.], TA) A large ear: (K:) or a bulky ear: (A'Obeyd, TA:) or a long ear: (Az, TA:) or a broad ear, soft in the upper part: (TA:) or an ear having much hair and fur. (Ham p. 242.) شَفَّارٌ The possessor of a شَفْرَة [or large knife]. (A, * TA.) شَافِرٌ, and its dual: see شُفْرٌ, last sentence, in three places.

A2: Also One who destroys, or makes away with, his property: so in the Tekmileh. (TA.) مَشْفَرٌ: see what next follows.

مِشْفَرٌ The lip of a camel; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) as also ↓ مَشْفَرٌ: (K:) and (tropical:) of a horse: (S, TA:) and (tropical:) of a human being: (K, TA:) or (tropical:) of an Abyssinian, as being likened to that of a camel: (A'Obeyd, TA:) pl. مَشَافِرُ. (S, K.) It is said in a prov., أَرَاكَ بَشَرٌ مَا أَحَارَ مِشْفَرٌ [lit. External skin hath shown thee what a lip hath transmitted to the stomach;] meaning, the external appearance hath rendered thee in no need of inquiring respecting the internal state: (S, K:) originally said of a camel; (TA;) for when you see his external skin, whether he be fat or lean, you take it as an indication of the quality of his food. (K, TA.) b2: Also The vulva, or external portion of the organs of generation, of a woman: (R, MF:) but this is strange. (TA.) b3: And (tropical:) A piece of land: and of sand: (K, TA:) each by way of comparison [to the lip of a camel]. (TA.) A2: Also A state of resistance; inaccessibleness, or unapproachableness: (K:) strength, or power; (K, * TA;) vehemence, or hardness, or firmness. (K, TA.) b2: And A state of perdition or destruction: and thus it is expl. as used in the saying mentioned by Meyd [in his Proverbs, perhaps the origin of this explanation], تَرَكْتُهُ عَلَى مِثْلِ مِشْفَرِ الأَسَدِ [which may be rendered I left him at the like of the lip of the lion]; (TA;) applied to him who is exposed to destruction. (Meyd, TA. *) عَيْشٌ مُشَفِرٌ Strait, scanty, subsistence. (O, K.)

شجع

1 شَجُعَ, aor. ـُ (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. شَجَاعَةٌ, (S, Msb,) He (a man, S) was, or became, courageous, brave, valiant, bold, daring, or stronghearted (S, Msb, K) on the occasion of war, or fight, (S, K,) making light of wars, by reason of his boldness. (Msb.) Az says that سَجَاعَةٌ sometimes denotes a comparative quality in relation to him who is weaker than the person to whom it is ascribed. (Msb.) A2: شَجَعَهُ, aor. ـَ [which in this case is contr. to the general rule, notwithstanding the guttural letter, for by rule it should be شَجُعَ,] He overcame him, or surpassed him, in شَجَاعَة [or courage, &c.]. (K.) [See 3.]

A3: شَجِعَ, aor. ـَ (Msb,) inf. n. شَجَعٌ, (IDrd, Msb, K,) He was, or became, tall. (IDrd, Msb, K.) 2 شجّعهُ, (S, K,) inf. n. تَشْجِيعٌ, (K,) He encouraged him; or strengthened his heart; (S, K;) and emboldened him: (K:) or he said to him, Thou art شُجَاع [or courageous, &c.]. (Sb, S, K.) 3 شَاجَعْتُهُ فَشَجَعْتُهُ [I strove to overcome or surpass him, or contended with him for superiority, in شَجَاعَة (or courage, &c.), and] I overcame him, or surpassed him, therein. (TA.) 4 مَا أَشْجَعَهُ [How courageous, brave, valiant, bold, daring, or strong-hearted, is he, on the occasion of war, or fight!]. (TA in art بسل.) 5 تشجّع He affected (تَكَلَّفَ) courage, bravery, valour, boldness, daringness, or strength of heart on the occasion of war, or fight; (S, K;) [he encouraged himself; made himself, or constrained himself to be, courageous:] and he feigned, or pretended to have, courage, &c., on the occasion of war, or fight, not having it in him. (TA.) شَجَعٌ Penetrating energy; boldness. (As.) b2: Quickness of the shifting of the legs, in camels, (S, K,) or, accord. to IB, in horses. (TA.) شَجِعٌ; fem. with ة: see شُجَاعٌ, in three places. b2: شَجِعُ القَوَائِمِ Quick in the shifting of the legs, applied to a he-camel; and so شَجِعَةٌ and ↓ شَجْعَآءُ, applied to a she-camel. (S, K.) And قَوَائِمُ شَجِعَاتٌ Quick, and light, active, or nimble, legs. (TA.) b3: Mad, applied to a camel. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) شِجَعٌ: see شُجَاعٌ.

شَجْعَةٌ: see شُجَاعٌ: A2: see also شُجْعَةٌ: b2: also Tall, and uncompact in frame: b3: and crippled by disease; or having a protracted disease: [whence] it is said in a prov., أَعْمَى يَقُودُ شَجْعَةً

[A blind man leading one crippled by disease, or having a protracted disease: but in Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 119, the last word is written شَجَعَة, and said to be pl. of ↓ شَاجِعٌ, and to signify, app., suffering paralysis]. (TA.) شُجْعَةٌ: see شُجَاعٌ.

A2: Also Cowardly, weak, (Ibn-'Abbád,) lacking strength or power or ability, lean, or emaciated, and small in body, having no heart; (Ibn-'Abbád, K;) as also ↓ شَجْعَةٌ: (Lh, K:) the former seems to have the meaning of a pass. part. n., [i. e. of مَشْجُوعٌ, q. v.,] like سُخْرَةٌ and other words. (Ibn-'Abbád.) شِجَعَةٌ: see شُجَاعٌ.

شَجَعَآءُ [or شِجَعَآءُ or شَجْعَآءُ]: see شُجَاعٌ.

شَجْعَمٌ A bulky serpent: or a malignant and audacious serpent: regarded by Sb as a quadriliteral-radical word. (TA.) [See also شُجَاعٌ.]

شَجَاعٌ: see what next follows.

شُجَاعٌ and ↓ شِجَاعٌ (Lh, ISk, S, Msb, K) and ↓ شَجَاعٌ, (Msb, K,) which is of the dial, of Benoo-'Okeyl, being made by them to accord with its contr., which is جَبَانٌ, (Msb,) and ↓ شَجِيعٌ (Lh, S, Msb, K) and ↓ أَشْجَعُ (S, K) and ↓ شَجِعٌ (K) and ↓ شِجَعٌ, (as in some copies of the K,) or ↓ شِجَعَةٌ, (as in other copies of the K and in the TA,) [of all which forms the first is the most common,] Courageous, brave, valiant, bold, daring, or strong-hearted (S, Msb, K) on the occasion of war, or fight, (S, K,) making light of wars, by reason of boldness: (Msb:) fem. [of the 1st and 2nd and 3rd respectively] شُجَاعَةٌ and شِجَاعَةٌ (S, * Msb, * K) and شَجَاعَةٌ (Msb, * K) and شجاع also [without ة] (Msb) and [of the 4th]

↓ شَجِيعَةٌ (Msb, K) and [of the 5th] ↓ شَجْعَآءُ and [of the 6th] ↓ شَجِعَةٌ: (K:) pl. masc. (of the 1st, S, Msb) شِجْعَةٌ [a pl. of pauc.] (AO, S, Msb, K) and [of the first three, and perhaps of the 4th also,] شَجَعَةٌ (S, K) and (of the 1st, S) شِجْعَانٌ (Lh, S, K) and (of the 4th, S) شُجْعَانٌ (Lh, ISk, S, K) [or, accord. to IDrd, شجعان is a mistake, as is said in the TA, but the word is there written without any syll. signs,] and (of the 4th, S, Msb) ↓ شُجَعَآءُ (S, Msb, K) and [of the 4th, and perhaps of others also,] شِجَاعٌ, (K,) and also, (but these are quasi-pl. ns., TA,) ↓ شَجْعَةٌ (AO, S, K) and ↓ شُجْعَةٌ (K) and ↓ شَجَعَآءُ [app. a mistake for شِجَعَآءُ or شَجْعَآءُ]: (TA:) pl. fem. [all of شَجِيعَةٌ, or the last of شَجْعَآءُ or of شَجِعَةٌ,] شَجَائِعُ and شِجَاعٌ and شُجُعٌ: (Lh, K:) or شُجَاعٌ is [an epithet] peculiar to men: (K, * TA:) Az says, “ I have heard the Kilábees say, رَجُلٌ شُجَاعٌ, but they do not apply this epithet to a woman: ” (S:) ↓ شَجِعَةٌ and ↓ شَجِيعَةٌ, however, are applied to a woman, and signify bold, (Ibn-'Abbád, K,) longtongued, and vehemently clamorous, towards men; (Ibn-'Abbád, TA;) audacious in her speech, (Ibn-'Abbád, K, [but these two epithets as applied to a woman and signifying “ bold ” &c. are omitted in the CK,]) and in her length of tongue, and vehement clamorousness. (Ibn-'Abbád, TA.) b2: شُجَاعٌ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ شِجَاعٌ (K) also signify (assumed tropical:) The serpent; (K;) and so does ↓ أَشْجَعُ: (TA:) or (tropical:) the male serpent: (Mgh, K:) or a certain species of serpent, (Sh, S, Msb, K,) as also ↓ أَشْجَعُ, (S,) small, (K,) or slender, and asserted to be the boldest of the serpent-kind: (Sh:) pl. شِجْعَانٌ (Lh, IDrd, K) and شُجْعَانٌ, (IDrd, K,) the former of which is the more common: (IDrd:) the pl. of أَشْجَعُ is أَشَاجِعُ; or, as some say, this is pl. of أَشْجِعَةٌ, which is pl. [of pauc.] of شجاع, signifying the serpent. (TA.) [See also شَجْعَمٌ, above.]

b3: Also (tropical:) The serpent called صَفَرٌ, that presents itself in the belly (S, K, * TA) of a man, as the Arabs assert, when he has been long hungry: (S, TA:) but As says that شُجَاعُ البَطْنِ signifies (assumed tropical:) vehemence of hunger. (Az, TA.) شِجَاعٌ: see شُجَاعٌ, in two places.

شَجِيعٌ; fem. with ة: see شُجَاعٌ, in three places.

شَاجِعٌ: see شَجْعَةٌ.

أَشْجَعُ; fem. شَجْعَآءُ: see شُجَاعٌ, in four places. You say also, لَبُؤَةٌ شَجْعَآءُ A bold lioness. (TA.) b2: Applied to a man, accord. to some, it signifies, (S,) or it signifies also, (K,) In whom is lightness, or unsteadiness, like what is termed هَوَجٌ, (S, K,) by reason of his strength. (S.) See also شَجِعٌ. b3: Mad; or possessed by a devil: (TA:) Lth says that, applied to a man, it signifies one who is as though there were in him madness, or diabolical possession; but Az says that this is a mistake; for, were this its meaning, the poets would not have used it in praise. (TA, in another part of the art.) b4: Tall: (IDrd, Msb, K:) and so the fem. applied to a woman. (IDrd, Msb.) b5: Bulky; big-bodied; or stout: or, as some say, youthful; or in a state of youthful vigour. (TA.) b6: The lion. (Lth, S, K.) b7: It is said in the K that الأَشْجَعُ also signifies الدَّهْرُ [i. e. Time; or fortune; &c.]; and J says that this is what the poet means by the expression, أَشْجَعُ أَخَّاذٌ: but this cannot be the correct meaning, for the poet, namely El-Aashà, says, بِأَشْجَعَ أَخَّاذٍ عَلَى الدَّهْرِ حُكْمُهُ by الاشجع meaning himself, or some other thing. (TA.) A2: Also, (S, K,) and إِشْجَعٌ, (K,) or the latter accord. to some, but this was not known to Abu-l-Ghowth, (S,) sing. of أَشَاجِعُ, [in some copies of the S written أَشَاجِيعُ, but the former, which, as is mentioned in the TA, is found in the handwriting of J, is that which is commonly known,] which signifies [The knuckles nearest to the wrist; this being what is meant by] the bases (أُصُول) of the fingers, which are connected with the tendons of the outer side of the hand: (S, K:) in the T, we find the heads (رُؤُوس) of the fingers, instead of اصول: (TA:) or اشجع in the hand and foot [but see what follows] signifies the tendons extended above the سُلَامَى [here meaning the metacarpal and metatarsal bones] from the wrist to the bases (أُصُول) of the fingers or toes, which are called أَطْنَابُ الأَصَابِعِ, above the outer side of the hand: or the bone which connects the finger with the wrist; [i. e. the metacarpal bone;] every finger having to it a bone thus called: he who says that the أَشَاجِع [so here instead of اشجع as above] are the tendons calls those bones the أُسْنَاع. (TA.) Aboo-Bekr is described as عَارِى الأَشَاجِعِ عَنْ مَفَاصِلِ الأَصَابِعِ, meaning Having little flesh upon what are thus termed: or having their tendons apparent. (TA.) [See also رَاجِبَةٌ and بُرْجُمَةٌ.]

A3: أَشْجَعُ مِنْ دِيكٍ [More courageous than a cock] is one of the proverbs of the Arabs. (Mgh.) مُشْجَعٌ, like مُجْمَلٌ, (K, TA,) i. e. having the form of a pass. part. n., (TA,) [in the CK مَشْجَع, like مَحْمَل,] In the utmost state of madness, or diabolical possession: (K:) so says Ibn-Abbád; and hence, accord. to him, شُجَاعٌ [but in what sense he does not say]. (TA.) مَشْجُوعٌ Overcome, or surpassed, in شَجَاعَة [or courage, &c.]. (K, TA.)

شظف

1 شَظُفَ الشَّجَرُ, (S, O, K,) aor. ـُ (K;) and شَظِفَ, (O, K,) aor. ـَ (K;) inf. n. شَظَافَةٌ, (O, K,) of the former verb; (O;) The trees, not being sufficiently watered, became hard, without losing their moisture. (S, O, K.) b2: And شَظِفَتْ يَدُهُ His hand became rough, or coarse. (Har p.

70.) b3: And شَظِفَ العَيْشُ The means of subsistence became dry and hard. (K, * TA.) A2: شَظِفٌ السَّهْمُ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) The arrow entered between the skin and the flesh. (S, Msb, K, Omitted in the TA.) A3: شَظَفْتُهُ عَنِ الشَّىْءُ, (O, TA,) inf. n. شَظْفٌ, (O, K,) I withheld, restrained, or debarred, him from the thing. (O, K, * TA.) b2: And شَظْفٌ signifies also The drawing forth the testicles of a ram: (O, K:) or the compressing them between two pieces of wood, or stick, and binding them with sinew (بِعَقَبٍ, in the CK [erroneously] بعَقِبٍ,) so that they wither. (K.) 5 تشظّف He subjected himself to a hard, or difficult, life. (L in art. معد.) شَظْفٌ A splinter, or piece split off, of a staff, or stick. (IAar, O, K.) شِظْفٌ Dry bread. (O, K.) b2: And A small piece of wood, or stick, like a peg: pl. شِظَفَةٌ. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) شَظَفٌ and ↓ شَظَافٌ Straitness; and hardness, or difficulty, or distress; (Az, S, O, K;) like ضَفَفٌ: (Az, S, O:) ISd thinks that the second is a dial. var. of the first; and IB mentions that, in a verse of El-Kumeyt, as related by some, it is with kesr, i.e. شِظَاف [which see in what here follows]: (TA:) and (K) as some say, (TA,) dryness, and hardness, of the means of subsistence: (K:) or شَظَفٌ signifies hardness, and straitness, of the means of subsistence: (Msb:) or hardness, and coarseness, or roughness, thereof; from شَظِفَتْ يَدُهُ [expl. above]: (Har p. 70:) pl. شِظَافٌ. (K.) b2: Also A disintegration of the flesh, separating it from the border around the nail. (TA.) شَظِفٌ Dry and hard means of subsistence. (K, * TA. [See 1.]) b2: Evil in disposition. (O, K.) b3: Vehement in fight. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) b4: A man alighting, or taking up an abode, in places where the herbage is dried up, and in a desert where is no water (فَلَاة). (TA in art. عظب.) b5: بَعِيرٌ شَظِفُ الخِلَاطِ [A stallion-camel] vehement in leaping, or compressing, the she-camels. (S, O, K.) b6: أَرْضٌ شَظِفَةٌ Rough, or rugged, land or ground. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) شِظْفَةٌ Bread that has become burned. (IAar, O.) شظَافٌ: see شَظَفٌ.

شظَافٌ Distance, or remoteness. (O, K.) شَجَرٌ شَظِيفٌ Trees that, not being sufficiently watered, have become hard, without losing their moisture. (S, O, K.) مِشْظَفٌ One who utters oblique, indirect, or ambiguous, speech or language, deviating from the right way or course. (O, K. Omitted in the TA.)

شعف

1 شَعَفَ, (S, O, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. شَعَفٌ, though it is implied in the K, by its being said that the verb is like مَنَعَ, that it is شَعْفٌ, (TA,) He smeared, anointed, or overspread, a camel [suffering from the mange, or scab], with tar, (S, O, K, and Bd in xii. 30,) and burned him by so doing. (Bd ibid.) Imra-el-Keys says, لِيَقْتُلَنِى وَقَدْ شَعَفْتُ فُؤَادَهَا كَمَا شَعَفَ المَهْنُوْءَةَ الرَّجُلُ الطَّالِى

[That he should slay me, I having overspread her heart with love of me, like as the man anointing overspreads her (meaning the camel) that is smeared with tar]: but it is also related otherwise, i. e. قَطَرْتُ فُؤَادَهَا كَمَا قَطَرَ: (O, TA:) Aboo-'Alee El-Kálee says that she [the camel] that is smeared with tar experiences, by reason of the tar, a pleasurable sensation with a burning. (TA.) b2: Hence, [as indicated above,] قَدْ شَعَفَهَا حُبًّا [He has overspread and burned her heart with love]; as some read in the Kur xii. 30; others reading شَغَفَهَا: (Bd:) [or he has burned her heart with love; for] شَعَفَهُ الحُبُّ means love burned his heart: (S:) there are two readings of the words of the Kur above; (O, K;) [as well as two other readings mentioned in art. شغف;] قَدْ شَعَفَهَا حُبًّا, (S, O, K,) one, a reading of El-Hasan (S, O) and others; meaning [as above: or], accord. to Az, he has diseased her heart with love, (S, * O,) and melted it: (O:) or, accord. to El-Hasan, he has penetrated into her with love: (S:) the other reading is قَدْ شَعِفَهَا حُبًّا, (O, K,) meaning he has become attached to her with love, and loved her excessively: (O:) [but it is also said that] شَعَفَنِى

حُبُّهُ means The love of him overspread my heart from above; (O, K;) from شَعَفَةٌ signifying the “ head ” of the heart, “at the place of suspension of [or from] the نِيَاط; ” (O, * K;) and in like manner, شُعِفْتُ بِهِ and بِحُبِّهِ, (O, and so in the CK,) or شَعِفْتُ: (so in other copies of the K, in which, and in the CK, the verb in this case is said to be like فَرِحَ: [but this I regard as a mistake:]) and شَعَفَ القَلْبَ He, or it, struck, or smote, the شَعَفَة, or uppermost part, of the heart: (Ham p.

545:) Az, however, says, I know not any one that has assigned to the heart a شَعَفَة, except Lth; and vehement love takes possession of the core (سَوَاد) of the heart; not of its extremity: [but] accord. to Fr, شُعِفَ بِفُلَانٍ, like عُنِىَ, means The love of such a one rose to the highest places of his heart: others say that الشعف [app. الشَّعَفُ] signifies the being frightened, and disquieted, like the beast when it is frightened; and that the Arabs transferred its attribution from beasts to human beings: (TA:) Abu-l-'Alà says that الشَّعَفُ signifies a thing's falling into the heart: (IB, TA:) one says also, شَعَفَهُ المَرَضُ Disease melted him: (TA:) and accord. to Az, شُعِفَ بِكَذَا means He became diseased by such a thing. (S.) شَعَفٌ: see شَعَفَةٌ, in two places. b2: Also The upper, or uppermost, part of the hump of the camel: (O, K:) Lth says that it is like the heads of truffles, and the three stones upon which the cooking-pot is placed, that are round in their upper, or uppermost, parts. (O.) A2: Also Vehemence of love: (L:) [or simply love: for] one says, أَلْقَى عَلَيْهِ شَعَفَهُ, meaning [He cast] his love [upon him, or it]; as also شَغَفَهُ. (TA.) شَعَفَةٌ The head [or summit] of a mountain: (S, O, K:) and the upper, or uppermost, part of anything: (Ham pp. 130 and 545:) pl. ↓ شَعَفٌ [or rather this is a coll. gen. n., and accord. to Freytag it is used as a sing., in the two senses above mentioned, in the Deewán of Jereer,] and [the pl. is] شُعُوفٌ and شِعَافٌ and شَعَفَاتٌ: (S, O, K:) and ↓ شَعَفٌ is also expl. as signifying an elevated part of the earth or ground. (TA.) b2: Also A lock of hair (خُصْلَةٌ) upon the head, (K,) or upon the upper, or uppermost, part of the head. (O, TA.) And شِعَافٌ (its pl., TA) signifies The hair of the head: so in the phrase رَجُلٌ صُهْبُ الشِّعَافِ [A man whose hair of the head is red, or red in the outer part and black beneath, or of a red colour tinged over with blackness, &c.]. (S, O, K.) b3: And The [pendent lock of hair termed] ذُؤَابَة of a boy, or young man. (S.) b4: And شَعَفَةُ القَلْبِ signifies The head of the heart, at the place of suspension of [or from] the نِيَاط [q. v.]. (O, TA. [But see, in the first paragraph, what Az says respecting this meaning.]) شَعَافٌ, like سَحَابٌ, Love's making away with the heart. (TA.) شُعَافٌ Insanity, or madness. (O, K.) شُعَيْفَةٌ dim. of شَعَفَةٌ: pl. شُعَيْفَاتٌ.] One says, مَا عَلَى رَأْسِهِ إِلَّا شُعَيْفَاتٌ There is not upon his head aught save some small hairs of the [pendent lock of hair termed] ذُؤَابَة. (S, O, K.) مَشْعُوفٌ [Burned in the heart by love: (see 1:) or] diseased [therein]: (Az, S:) or struck, or smitten, in the شَعَفَة of his heart by love, or by fright, or by insanity, or madness. (O, K.) Insane, or mad. (O, K.) Bereft of his heart. (TA.) [See also مَشْغُوفٌ.]

شغف

1 شَغَفَهُ, (S, O, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) inf. n. شَغْفٌ, (Msb,) He, or it, struck, or smote, his شَغَاف; (O, K;) like كَبَدَهُ meaning “ he, or it, struck, or smote, his كَبِد ” [or “ liver ”]; (O, TA;) so says Yoo: (TA:) or it (i. e. love) rent the شَغَاف of his heart: (Fr, TA:) or it (love) reached his شَغَاف: (ISk, S, TA:) or شَغَفَ قَلْبَهُ it (love) reached the شَغَاف of his heart, i. e. his pericardium. (Msb.) I'Ab read, [in the Kur xii. 30,] قَدْ شَغَفَهَا حُبًّا, and expl. the meaning to be [He has affected her so that] the love of him has entered beneath the شَغَاف: (S, TA:) or the meaning is, the love of him has struck, or smitten, her شَغَاف: (Lth, O, TA:) or he has rent the شَغَاف of her heart, i. e. its حِجَاب, [app. meaning her midriff,] so as to reach her heart, with love: (Bd:) Abu-l-Ash-hab read قَدْ شَغِفَهَا حُبًّا, with kesr to the غ, [meaning he has became attached to her, or has loved her,] like the reading of Thábit El-Bunyánee, شَعِفَهَا, with kesr to the unpointed ء: (O, TA:) [for] شَغِفَهُ, aor. ـَ [inf. n. app. شَغَفٌ,] signifies he became attached to him, or loved him. (K, TA.) One says also, شَغَفَهُ المَالُ, meaning The property became embellished to him, [or pleasing to him,] so that he loved it. (Msb.) And شُغِفَ بِالشَّىْءِ, like عُنِىَ, He was, or became, vehemently desirous of the thing; or fond of it. (TA.) And شَغِفَ بِالشَّىْءِ, like فَرِحَ, He became disquieted, or disturbed, by the thing. (TA.) 5 مَا هٰذِهِ الفُتْيَا الَّتِى تَشَغَّفَتِ النَّاسَ, a saying of I'Ab, means [What is this judicial sentence] that has put vain suggestions into the minds of the people, and separated them? as though it entered the شَغَاف of their hearts. (TA.) [See also 1 in arts. شعب and شغب.]

شَغْفٌ: see شَغَافٌ in two places.

شَغَفٌ [app. inf. n. of شَغِفَ: and accord. to Fei, app., Love reaching to the pericardium; or heartfelt love; see an ex. in a verse cited voce بَلْ; and see also حُبٌّ, and شَعَفٌ;] a subst. from شَغَفَ قَلْبَهُ, said of love. (Msb.) A2: See also شَغَافٌ, in two places.

A3: Also The bark (نَجَب, AHn, O, or قِشْر, K) of the kind of tree called غاف. (AHn, O, K. *) شَغَافٌ The pericardium; i. e. the غِلَاف, (S, O, K,) or غِشَآء, (Msb,) of the heart: (S, O, Msb, K:) or [app. a mistake for “ and,” as will be shown by what follows,] its حِجَاب [generally meaning the midriff], (K,) [here said to be,] accord. to AHeyth, a certain fat that clothes the heart: (TA:) [J seems to confound the غِلَاف of the heart with its حِجَاب; for after “ the غَلاف of the heart,” he adds, “and it is a skin beneath it (دُونَهُ), like the حِجَاب: ”] or the حَبَّة (K) or the سُوَيْدَآء [both generally meaning the core] thereof: (O, K:) or the place of entrance (مَوْلج) of the phlegm: (Lth, O, K:) and ↓ شَغْفٌ and ↓ شَغَفٌ signify the same in the two senses, (K,) or in the first and second senses: (TA:) or القَلْب ↓ شَغْفُ and ↓ شَغَفُهُ signify the same as شَغَافُهُ, accord. to AHeyth: (O:) the pl. of the شَغَاف of the heart is شُغُفٌ; which is metaphorically applied in a saying of 'Alee to the place of the fœtus [in the belly]. (TA.) A2: Also, (A'Obeyd, S, O, K,) and ↓ شُغَافٌ, (K,) the latter agreeable with analogy as the name of a disease, (TA,) A certain disease that attacks one, beneath the شَرَاسِيف [pl. of شُرْسُوفٌ, q. v.], in the right side: (A'Obeyd, S, O, K:) and (some say, TA) a pain of the belly: (K, TA: [in the CK, البَظْر is erroneously put for البَطْن:]) and (some say, TA) a pain of the شَغَاف of the heart: (K, TA:) accord. to As, شَغَافٌ signifies a certain disease in the heart, which, if it reaches to the spleen, kills the patient. (TA.) شُغَافٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مَشْغُوفٌ Insane, or mad; (O, K;) like مَشْعُوفٌ. (O.) And مَشْغُوفٌ بِمَالٍ One to whom property is embellished [or rendered pleasing,] so that he loves it. (Msb.)

شرق

1 شَرَقَتِ الشَّمْسُ, (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (S, M, Msb,) inf. n. شُرُوقٌ (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K) and شَرْقٌ, (S, Msb,) The sun rose; (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K;) as also ↓ أَشْرَقَت: (K:) the sun rose from the east; and in like manner one says of the moon, and of the stars: (M:) or the sun rose so that its light began to fall upon the earth and trees: (T and TA in art. ذر:) and ↓ اشرقت signifies, as distinguished from شَرَقَت, (S, M, Mgh, Msb,) or signifies also, (K, TA,) for both verbs are correctly expl. in the K as above, (TA,) it shone, or gave its light, (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K, TA,) and spread (M, TA) upon the earth, or ground: (TA:) or, as some say, شَرَقَت, and ↓ اشرقت are syn., (M, Msb,) as meaning it (the sun) shone: (M:) and شَرْقٌ [as inf. n. of the former verb] signifies the shining of the sun. (K.) b2: And شَرَقَ النَّخْلُ, and ↓ اشرق, The palm-trees showed redness in their fruit: (M, K: *) or showed the colours of their dates. (AHn, M.) [See also شَرِقَ in what follows.]

A2: شَرَقَ الشَّاةَ, (S, O, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (S, O, Msb,) inf. n. شَرْقٌ, He slit the ear of the sheep, or goat, (S, O, Msb, K,) in the manner expl. voce شَرْقَآءُ. (Msb.) b2: And شَرَقَ الثَّمَرَةَ, (Az, K,) inf. n. شَرْقٌ, (IAmb, Az, TA,) He plucked the fruit: (Az, K, TA:) or cut it. (IAmb, Az, TA.) One says in crying بَاقِلَّآء [or beans], شَرْقُ الغَدَاةِ طَرِىٌّ The cutting of the morning, fresh! meaning what has been cut, and picked, in the morning. (IAmb, Az, TA.) A3: شَرِقَ, [aor. ـَ inf. n. شَرَقٌ, It (a place) was, or became, bright by reason of the sun's shining upon it; as also ↓ اشرق; (M, TA;) [whence,] الْأَرْضُ بِنُورِ رَبِّهَا ↓ وَأَشْرَقَتِ occurs in the Kur [xxxix. 69 as meaning And the earth shall shine with the light of its Lord]: (M:) [in other instances,] أَشْرَقَتِ الأَرْضُ means The earth was, or became, bright with the sunshine. (TA.) b2: [Hence, perhaps, or, though not immediately, from what here next follows, some other applications of this verb, to denote redness.] b3: شَرِقَ بِرِيقِهِ, (S, M, Msb, K,) and بِالمَآءِ, and the like, (M,) aor. ـَ (Msb,) inf. n. شَرَقٌ, (M, Msb,) He (a man, M, Msb) was, or became, choked with his spittle, (S, M, Msb, K,) and with water, &c. (M.) [And جَرِضَ and غَصَّ and شَجِىَ are sometimes used in the same sense in relation to spittle &c.] b4: [Hence,] شَرِقَ الجُرْحُ بِالدَّمِ (assumed tropical:) The wound became [choked or] filled with blood. (Msb.) b5: And شَرِقَ المَوْضِعُ بِأَهْلِهِ (tropical:) The place became [choked or] filled and straitened by its occupants. (TA.) b6: And شَرِقَ الجَسَدُ بِالطِّيبِ (tropical:) [The body became choked in its pores with perfume]. (TA.) b7: [And شَرِقَ الثَّوْبُ بِالجَادِىِّ (assumed tropical:) The garment, or piece of cloth, became glutted, or saturated, with the dye of saffron: see the part. n. شَرِقٌ.] b8: and شَرِقَتْ عَيْنُهُ (tropical:) His eye became red [being surcharged with blood]; as also ↓ اِشْرَوْرَقَتٌ: (M, TA:) and so شَرِقَ الدَّمُ فِى عَيْنِهِ: (K, TA:) or this last signifies the blood appeared in his eye: (M:) and شَرِقَتْ بِالدَّمِ it (the eye) had the blood apparent in it, [as though it were choked therewith,] without its running from it. (TA.) b9: And شَرِقَ لَوْنُهُ, inf. n. شَرَقٌ, (assumed tropical:) His colour, or complexion, became red, by reason of shame, or shame and confusion. (TA.) b10: And [hence, app.,] شَرِقَ الشَّىْءُ, inf. n. as above, (assumed tropical:) The thing became intensely red, with blood, or with a beautiful red colour. (M, TA.) b11: and also (assumed tropical:) The thing became mixed, commingled, or blended. (M, TA.) b12: شَرِقَتِ الشَّمْسُ, inf. n. as above, means (tropical:) The sun had a duskiness blended with it, and it [app. the duskiness] then became little: (TA:) or it was near to setting: (M, K:) or became feeble in its light; (O, K;) app. from شَرِقٌ applied to flesh-meat as meaning “ red, having no grease, or gravy,” and applied to a garment, or piece of cloth, as meaning “ red, that has become glutted, or saturated, (شَرِقَ,) with dye; ”

because its colour, in the last part of the day, when it is setting, becomes red. (O.) b13: The phrase يُؤَخِّرُونَ الصَّلَاةَ إِلَى شَرَقِ المَوْتَى, (S, M, O, K, [in the CK, erroneously, شَرْقِ,]) occurring in a trad., (S, M, O,) in a saying of the Prophet, (O, K,) is expl. as meaning Who postpone, or defer, the prayer until there remains not, (S, M, O, K,) of the sun, (S,) or of the day, (M, O, K,) save as much as remains (S, M, O, K) of the life, (S,) or of the breath, (M, O, K, [but in the CK, نَفْسِ is put in the place of نَفَسِ,]) of the dying who is choked with his spittle: (S, M, O, K:) or the meaning is, until the sun is [but just] above the walls, and [diffusing its feeble light] among the graves (M, O, K *) as though it were a great expanse of water. (M, O.) Az says, يُكْرَهُ الصَّلَاةُ بِشَرَقِ المَوْتَى means Prayer is disapproved when the sun becomes yellow: and فَعَلْتُ ذٰلِكَ بِشَرَقِ المَوْتَى I did that when the sun was becoming yellow. (TA.) A4: شَرِقَتِ الشَّاةُ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) inf. n. شَرَقٌ, (S, Msb,) The sheep, or goat, had its ear slit (S, Msb, K) in the manner expl. voce شَرْقَآءُ. (Msb, K.) 2 شرّق, (TA,) inf. n. تَشْرِيقٌ, (S, O, K,) He took to the direction of the east, or place of sunrise: (S, O, K, TA:) he went to the east: he came to the east: (M, TA:) and he directed himself to the east. (TA.) b2: And He prayed at sunrise: and hence, app., He performed the prayer of the festival of the sacrifice: (TA:) or this meaning is from شَرَقَتِ الشَّمْسُ. (Mgh: it is also mentioned in the M.) b3: شرّقت الأَرْضُ, inf. n. as above, The land became affected with drought, and dryness of the earth, being [parched by the sun and] not reached by water: whence the term ↓ شَرَاقِىّ [q. v.] in the dial. of Egypt. (TA.) b4: تَشْرِيقٌ also signifies The being beautiful, and [sunny or] shining in face. (Sh, O, K.) A2: شرّق اللَّحْمَ, (M, Mgh, Msb,) inf. n. as above, (S, M, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) He cut the flesh-meat into strips, and dried it in the sun, or spread it in the sun to dry: (S, M, Mgh, O, Msb, K:) or [simply] he cut it into pieces, and into strips. (Msb.) [In like manner also] تَشْرِيقُ الشَّعِيرِ signifies The throwing barley in a sunny place in order that it may dry. (Mgh.) And one says of the [wild] bull, يُشَرِّقُ مَتْنَهُ, meaning He exposes his back to the sun in order that what is upon it of the dew of night may dry: in this sense the phrase is used by Aboo-Dhu-eyb. (M.) b2: أَيَّامُ التَّشْرِيقِ is an appellation of The three days next after the day of sacrifice: (S, M, O, Msb:) [i. e. the eleventh and twelfth and thirteenth days of Dhu-l-Hijjeh:] these days were so called because the flesh of the victims was therein cut into strips, and dried in the sun, or spread in the sun to dry: (S, M, Mgh, O, Msb, K: *) or because the victims were not sacrificed until the sun rose: (IAar, S, O, K:) or from the prayer of the day of sacrifice, which they follow: (Mgh:) or because they used to say, [on that day,] (S, M, O,) in the Time of Ignorance, (M,) ثَبِيرْ كَيْمَا نُغِيرْ ↓ أَشْرِقْ, (S, M, O,) which means Enter thou upon the time of sunrise, Thebeer, (addressing one of the mountains of Mekkeh, M, * Mgh,) that we may push, or press, on, or forward, (M, Mgh, Msb,) to return from Minè: (M: [see also 4 in art. غور:]) Aboo-Haneefeh used to hold that التَّشْرِيق means التَّكْبِير [i. e. the saying اَللّٰهُ أَكْبَرْ]; but none beside him has held this opinion. (TA.) It is said in a trad. that the days thus called are days of eating and drinking, and of celebrating the praises of God. (O.) b3: شرّق الثَّوْبَ (assumed tropical:) He made [or dyed] the garment, or piece of cloth, yellow: (Ibn-'Abbád, O:) [or he dyed it red: (see the pass. part. n., below:)] or تَشْرِيقٌ signifies the dyeing with saffron, (M, L,) so that the thing dyed is saturated, (L,) or not so that the thing is saturated: (so in a copy of the M:) it is not with safflower. (M, L. [See also 4, last signification.]) A3: شرّق الَحْوَض is sometimes said for صَرَّجَهُ, meaning He plastered the watering-trough, or tank, with شَارُوق [q. v.], or صَارُوج. (M in art. صرج.) 4 اشرق: see 1, in six places. One says also, اشرق وَجْهُهُ, (S,) and لَوْنُهُ, (M,) His face, (S,) and his colour, or complexion, (M,) shone, (S, M,) and was bright, with beauty. (S.) b2: Some allow its being made trans.; [meaning It caused, or made, to shine;] as in the saying, ثَلَاثَةٌ تُشْرَقُ الدُّنْيَا بِبَهْجَتِهَا شَمْسُ الضُّحَى وَأَبُو إِسْحَاقَ والقَمَرُ [There are three things, with the beauty of which the world is made to shine; the sun of the bright early morning, and Aboo-Is-hák, and the moon]: but there is no proof in this, because [the right reading may be تُشْرِقُ, and so] الدنيا may be an agent; therefore the making the verb trans. [in this sense] is said to be post-classical, though it is mentioned by the author of the Ksh. (MF, TA.) b3: It signifies also He entered upon the time of sunrise: (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K:) similarly to أَفْجَرَ, and أَصْبَحَ, and أَظْهَرَ. (TA.) See 2.

A2: اشرق عَدُوَّهُ He caused his enemy to become choked [with his spittle, or with water, or the like: see 1]. (O, K.) And أَشْرَقْتُ فُلَانًا بِرِيقِهِ (tropical:) [I choked the utterance, or impeded the action, of such a one;] I did not allow such a one to say, or to do, a thing. (Z, TA.) b2: اشرق الثَّوْبَ بِالصِّبْغِ, (Moheet, A, O,) or فِى الصِّبْغِ, (K,) (tropical:) He exceeded the usual degree in dyeing the garment, or piece of cloth; [saturated it with dye;] or dyed it thoroughly. (K, TA. [See also 2, last signification but one.]) 5 تشرّق He sat in a sunny place (S, O, K) [at any season, (see مَشْرُقَةٌ,) or particularly] in winter. (O, K.) b2: And تشرّقوا They looked through the مِشْرِيق of the door, i. e. the chink thereof into which the light of the rising sun falls. (O.) 7 انشرقت القَوْسُ The bow split. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) 12 اِشْرَوْرَقَتْ عَيْنُهُ: see 1, latter half. b2: اِشْرَوْرَقَ بِالدَّمْعِ (tropical:) He became drowned in tears. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K, TA.) شَرْقٌ [an inf. n.: see 1, first sentence. b2: Also] The sun; (S, O, K;) and so ↓ شَرَقٌ: (K, and thus in one of my copies of the S in the place of the former:) [or] ↓ شَرْقَةٌ has this signification: (M, Msb:) and شَرْقٌ signifies the rising sun; (M, TA;) as some say; (M;) thus accord. to AA and IAar; (TA;) and so ↓ شَرَقٌ, (M, Msb,) and ↓ شَرْقَةٌ, and ↓ شَرِقَةٌ, (M, K,) and ↓ شَرَقَةٌ, (TA,) and ↓ شَارِقٌ, (S, * M, K,) and ↓ شَرِيقٌ: (M, K:) one says, طَلَعَتِ الشَّرْقُ The sun rose; (S, M, O; in one of my copies of the S ↓ الشَّرَقُ;) but not غَرَبَتِ الشَّرْقُ: (M:) and ↓ آتِيكَ كُلَّ شَارِقٍ I will come to thee every day that the sun rises: or, as some say, شَارِقٌ signifies the upper limb (قَرْن) of the sun: (M:) and one says, لَا آتِيكَ مَا ذَرَّ شَارِقٌ [I will not come to thee as long as a sun, or the upper limb of a sun, rises, or begins to rise]. (S, M.) b3: See also مَشْرِقٌ, in three places. b4: Also A place where the sun shines (حَيْثُ تُشْرِقُ الشَّمْسُ). (K.) See مَشْرُقَةٌ. b5: The warmth of the sun. (TA.) b6: The light that enters from the chink of a door; (IAar, Th, K;) as also ↓ شِرْقٌ. (K.) In a trad. of I'Ab, (TA,) it is said of a gate in Heaven, called ↓ المِشْرِيقُ [q. v.], قَدْ رُدَّ حَتَّى مَا بَقِىَ إِلَّا شَرْقُهُ (O, K, TA) i. e. It had been closed so that there remained not save its light entering from the chink thereof: so says I'Ab. (O, TA.) b7: And A chink, or fissure. (K, TA.) One says, مَا دَخَلَ شَرْقَ فَمِى شَىْءٌ Nothing entered the chink of my mouth. (Z, TA.) A2: Also A certain bird, (Sh, M, K,) one of the birds of prey, (M,) between the kite and the hawk, or falcon, (Sh, K,) or between the kite and the [species of falcon called] شَاهِين [q. v.]: (O:) pl. شُرُوقٌ. (M.) شِرْقٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

شَرَقٌ [inf. n. of شَرِقَ, q. v. b2: And also a subst.]: see شَرْقٌ, in three places. b3: Also A thing [such as spittle and the like (see شَرِقَ)] obstructing, or choking, the throat, or fauces. (S, and Har p.

477.) شَرِقٌ A place bright by reason of the sun's shining upon it; as also ↓ مُشْرِقٌ. (M, TA.) b2: A man choked with his spittle, or with water, or the like. (M, TA.) b3: (assumed tropical:) A plant, or herbage, having plentiful irrigation; or flourishing and fresh, or juicy, by reason of plentiful irrigation; syn. رَيَّانُ. (TA.) b4: (assumed tropical:) A garment, or piece of cloth, red; that is glutted, or saturated, [so I render اَلَّذِى شَرِقَ,] with dye: (O:) and شَرِقٌ بِالجَادِىِّ applied to a garment, or piece of cloth, [app. signifies (assumed tropical:) glutted, or saturated, with the dye of saffron: see also مُشَرَّقٌ, and see 4.] (TA.) One says also صَرِيعٌ شَرِقٌ بِدَمِهِ (assumed tropical:) [Prostrated,] dyed with his blood. (M, TA.) b5: (tropical:) Flesh-meat (S, M, O, TA) that is red, (M, O, TA,) having no grease, or gravy. (S, M, O, TA.) b6: (assumed tropical:) A thing intensely red, with blood, or with a beautiful red colour. (M.) b7: And (assumed tropical:) A thing mixed, commingled, or blended. (M.) شَرْقَةٌ: see شَرْقٌ, in two places: b2: and see مَشْرُقَةٌ, in two places.

شُرْقَةٌ (assumed tropical:) Anxiety, grief, or anguish; syn. in Pers\.

أَنْدُوهْ. (KL.) شَرَقَةٌ: see شَرْقٌ: b2: and see مَشْرُقَةٌ.

A2: Also A brand with which a sheep, or goat, such as is termed شَرْقَآء, is marked. (O, K.) شَرِقَةٌ: see شَرْقٌ.

شَاةٌ شَرْقَآءُ A sheep, or goat, having its ear slit (S, Mgh, O, K) lengthwise, (K,) without its being separated: (TA:) or having the ear slit in two, (As, Msb, TA,) as though it were a زَنَمَة [q. v.]: (As, TA:) or شَرْقَآءُ applied to an ear signifies cut at its extremities, without having anything thereof separated: and applied to a she-goat (مَعْزَة), having its ear slit lengthwise, without its being separated: and, as some say, applied to a شاة, having the inner part of its ear slit on one side with a separating slitting, the middle of its ear being left sound: or, accord. to Aboo-'Alee in the “ Tedhkireh,” شَرْقَآءُ signifies having its ears slit with two slits passing through, so as to become three distinct pieces. (M.) شَرْقِىٌّ [Of, or relating to, the east, or place of sunrise; eastern, or oriental]. b2: لَا شَرْقِيَّةِ وَلَا غَرْبِيَّةٍ, (K, TA,) in the Kur [xxiv. 35], (TA,) meansNot such that the sun shines upon it at its rising only (Fr, K, TA) nor at its setting only, (Fr, TA,) but such that the sun lights upon it morning and evening: (Fr, K, TA:) or, accord. to El-Hasan, it means not of the trees of the people of the present world, but of the trees of the people of Paradise: Az, however, says that the former explanation is more fit and more commonly receive. (TA.) And مَكَانٌ شَرْقِىٌّ signifies A place, of the earth, or ground, in, or upon, which the sun rises, or shines. (TA.) See also شَارِقٌ [and شَرِقٌ and مَشْرُقَةٌ].

A2: Also A certain red dye. (TA.) شَرِيقٌ: see شَرْقٌ. b2: Also A boy, or young man, goodly, or beautiful, (K, TA,) in face: (TA:) pl. شُرُقٌ, (K, TA, [in the CK شَرْقٌ, but correctly]) with two dammehs. (TA.) b3: And A woman small in the vulva: (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K:) or having her vagina and rectum united by the rending of the separation between them; syn. مُفْضَاةٌ. (M, K.) b4: And الشَّرِيقُ is the name of A certain idol. (M, TA.) شُرَيْقَة The first part of the rising sun. (Freytag, from the Deewán of the Hudhalees.) See also شَارِقٌ, voce شَرْقٌ.]

شَرَاقِىُّ [The lands that are not reached by the water, or inundation, and that are consequently parched by the sun]: a word of the dial. of Egypt. (TA.) See 2.

شَارِقٌ: see شَرْقٌ, in two places. b2: Also The side that is next the east; (O;) the eastern side; (K;) of a hill, and of a mountain: you say, هٰذَا شَارِقُ الجَبَلِ and ↓ شَرْقِيُّهُ [This is the eastern side of the mountain], and هذا غَارِبُ الجَبَلِ and غَرْبِيُّهُ [in the opposite sense]: (TA:) pl. شُرْقٌ. (O, K.) Hence, in a trad., as some relate it, الشُّرْقُ الجُونُ [meaning (assumed tropical:) Trials, or conflicts and factions, like portions of the dark night, rising from the direction of the east]: but it is otherwise related, with ف [in the place of the ق: see شَارِفٌ]. (TA.) b3: And الشَّارِقُ is the name of A certain idol, of the Time of Ignorance; (IDrd, M, K;) whence عَبْدُ الشَّارِقِ, a proper name [of a man]. (IDrd, M.) A2: Also [if not a mistranscription for شَارُوقٌ, q. v., app. Clay, or some other substance or mixture, with which a place is plastered,] مَا يُطَيَّنُ بِهِ مَكَانٌ. (Ibn-' Abbád, O.) شَارُوقٌ signifies [The kind of plaster called]

كِلْسٌ, [q. v.,] (Kr, M,) i. q. صَارُوجٌ. (K. [See this last word: and see also the last sentence of the next preceding paragraph above.]) مَشْرَقٌ: see what next follows.

مَشْرِقٌ (S, M, O, Msb, K,) which by rule should be ↓ مَشْرَقٌ, (M, Msb,) but this latter is rarely used, (Msb,) The place, (M,) or quarter, or direction, (Msb,) of sunrise; (M, Msb;) [the east, or orient;] and ↓ شَرْقٌ signifies the same; (S, M, O, Msb, K;) as also ↓ مِشْرِيقٌ: (Seer, M:) the pl. of the first is مَشَارِقُ; and the pl. of ↓ شَرْقٌ is أَشْرَاقٌ. (M.) The dual, المَشْرِقَانِ, means The place of sunrise of summer and that of winter [E. 26 degrees N. and E. 26 degrees S. in Central Arabia]. (S, O, TA.) And also The place of sunrise and the place of sunset; [or the east and the west;] (M, O;) the former being thus made predominant because it denotes existence, whereas the latter denotes non-existence: (M:) thus in the saying, (M, O,) in the Kur [xliii. 37], (O,) يَا لَيْتَ بَيْنِى

وَبَيْنَكَ بُعْدَ الْمَشْرِقَيْنِ [O, would that between me and thee were the distance of the east and the west]. (M, O.) And [in like manner] one says ↓ مَا بَيْنَ الشَّرْقَيْنِ, meaning What is between the place of sunrise and the place of sunset. (M.) b2: See also مَشْرُقَةٌ. b3: The saying, cited by IAar, قُلْتُ لِسَعْدٍ وَهْوَ بِالأَزْارِقِ عَلَيْكَ بِالمَحْضِ وَبِالمَشَارِقِ

he explains as meaning [I said to Saad, he being at El-Azárik (a certain water in the بَادِيَة, TA in art. زرق)], Keep thou [to pure milk, and] to the sun [or the places of sunshine] in winter: but [ISd says,] in my opinion, المَشَارِق is here pl. of ↓ مُشَرَّقٌ applied to flesh-meat that is “ [cut into strips and] spread in the sun [to dry]; ” and this is confirmed by his saying بالمحض, each of them being food. (M.) مُشْرِقٌ: see شَرِقٌ. b2: Also Entering upon the time of sunrise: the pl. occurs in this sense in the Kur xv. 73 and xxvi. 60. (TA.) مَشْرُقَةٌ and مَشْرَقَةٌ (S, M, O, K) and مَشْرِقَةٌ, (M, O, K,) the last mentioned by Ks, (O,) A place of sitting in the sun; (S, O, K;) accord. to some, peculiarly, (TA,) in the winter; (O, K, TA;) and ↓ شَرْقَةٌ and ↓ مِشْرَاقٌ (S, O, K) and ↓ مِشْرِيقٌ (O, K) signify the same: (S, O, K:) or a place upon which the sun shines; accord. to some, peculiarly, in the winter, (M,) as also ↓ شَرْقَةٌ and ↓ شَرَقَةٌ (M, TA) and ↓ شَرْقٌ (M) and مشرق [app. ↓ مَشْرِقٌ, of the pl. of which, or of one of the first three words in this paragraph, see an ex. in a verse cited voce مَشْرِقٌ if the explanation of that verse by IAar be correct]. (TA.) مَشْرِقِىٌّ (Msb, TA) and مَشْرَقِىٌّ both [applied to a man] signify Of the east; or eastern: (Msb:) pl. مَشَارِقَةٌ. (TA.) مُشَرَّقٌ A place of prayer; syn. مُصَلًّى; (As, S, M, Mgh, K;) i. e., in an absolute sense: (TA:) or the place of prayer of the festival (العِيد): (TA:) or the place of prayer of the two festivals: and المُشَرَّقُ is said to mean the place of prayer of the festival at Mekkeh: (M, TA:) and the mosque of El-Kheyf. (S, K.) b2: And The festival (العِيد) [itself]: because the prayer thereon is after the شَرْقَة, i. e. the [rising] sun. (M.) A2: Also Flesh-meat [cut into strips and] spread in the sun [to dry: see its verb, 2]. (M.) See also مَشْرِقٌ, last sentence. b2: And A garment, or piece of cloth, [dyed yellow: or with saffron: see, again, its verb: or] dyed with a red colour. (O, K.) A3: And a fortress [or a watering-trough or tank (see 2, last sentence,)] plastered with شَارُوق. (O, K.) مُشَرِّقٌ Taking to the direction of the east, or place of sunrise: one says, شَتَّانَ بَيْنَ مُشَرِّقٍ

وَمُغَرِّبٍ [Different, or widely different, are one going towards the east and one going towards the west]. (S.) مِشْرَاقٌ: see مَشْرُقَةٌ.

A2: Also A man accustomed to make his enemy to be choked with his spittle. (Z, TA.) مِشْرِيقٌ: see مَشْرِقٌ: b2: and مَشْرُقَةٌ. b3: Also, (M, O, K,) of a door, (M, K,) A chink into which the light of the rising sun falls. (M, * O, K. *) b4: And المِشْرِيقُ is the name of A gate for repentance, in Heaven. (I'Ab, O, K.) See شَرْقٌ.

شرك

1 شَرِكَهُ فِيهِ, aor. ـَ inf. n. شِرْكَةٌ (S, Mgh, * Msb, K) and شَرِكَةٌ, the former a contraction of the latter, but the more usual, (Msb,) and شِرْكٌ (Mgh, Msb) and شَرِكٌ, the former of these two a contraction of the latter, but the more usual, (Msb,) or شِرْكٌ [q. v. infrà] is a simple subst., (S, K,) [He shared, participated, or partook, with him in it;] he was, or became, a شَرِيك [or copartner &c.] to him in it; (Msb;) namely, a sale or purchase, and an inheritance, (S, K,) or an affair; (Msb;) and فيه ↓ شاركهُ [signifies the same]. (Mgh, Msb, * K. * [It is said in the TA, after the mention of شَرِكَهُ with its inf. n. شِرْكَةٌ, that it is more chaste than ↓ اشركهُ; by which it is implied that this latter is sometimes used as syn. with the former; for which I do not find any express authority.] And He entered with him into it; [or engaged with him in it;] namely, an affair. (TA.) A2: شَرِكَتِ النَّعْلُ, aor. ـَ The sandal had its شِرَاك broken; (Ibn-Buzurj, K;) inf. n. شَرَكٌ. (TK.) 2 شَرَّكَ see 4. b2: [The inf. n.] تَشْرِيكٌ also signifies The selling a part [or share] of what one has purchased for that for which it was purchased. (Mgh, K.) A2: شرّك النَّعْلَ, (S, * Mgh, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَشْرِيكٌ, (S, K,) He put a شِرَاك to the sandal; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) as also ↓ أَشْرَكَهَا, (S, TA,) inf. n. إِشْرَاكٌ. (TA.) 3 شَارَكْتُ فُلَانًا, (S, TA,) inf. n. مُشَارَكَةٌ, (TK,) [I shared, participated, or partook, with such a one;] I was, or became, the شَرِيك [or copartner &c.] of such a one. (S, TA.) El-Jaadee says, وَشَارَكْنَا قُرَيْشًا فِى تُقَاهَا العِنَانِ ↓ وَفِى أَحْسَابِهَا شِرْكَ [And we shared with Kureysh in their piety and in their several grounds of pretension to respect, with a sharing exclusive of other properties]. (S.) See also 1. [And see 8.]4 أَشْرَكْتُهُ فِى الأَمْرِ I made him a شَرِيك [or copartner &c.] to me in the affair: and ↓ شَرَّكْتُ بَيْنَهُمْ فِى المَالِ [I made them copartners in the property; and شَرَّكَهُمْ, occurring in this art. in the TA, on the authority of Esh-Sháfi'ee, means, in like manner, he made them copartners; and أَشْرَكَ بَيْنَهُمْ is used in this sense in the present art. in the K]. (Msb.) وَأَشْرِكْهُ فِى أَمْرِى, in the Kur [xx. 33], means And make Thou him my شَرِيك [or copartner, or associate, or colleague,] in my affair. (S.) And one says also, اشركهُ مَعَهُ فِى

الأَمْرِ He made him to enter [or engage] with him in the affair: and اشرك فُلَانًا فِى البَيْعِ He made such a one to enter [or share] with him in the sale or purchase. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] اشرك بِاللّٰهِ He attributed to God a شَرِيك [or copartner &c.] (Mgh, TA) in his dominion: (TA:) [or he attributed to God شُرَكَآء i. e. copartners &c., such as the angels and the devils: (see Kur vi.

100, &c., and any of the expositions thereof:) i. e. he believed in a duality, or a plurality, of gods:] and [in a wider sense,] he disbelieved [or misbelieved] in God: syn. كَفَرَ: (S, * Msb, K, TA:) used in this latter sense because الــكُفْرُ is not free from some kind of شِرْك. (Kull p. 49.) A2: See also 1: A3: and 2.6 تَشَاْرَكَ see the next paragraph, in three places.8 اشتركوا and ↓ تشاركوا, (Mgh, Msb,) and اشتركا and ↓ تشاركا, (K,) and اشتركنا and ↓ تشاركنا, (S,) [They, and they two, and we, shared, participated, or partook, one with another, and each with the other; or were, or became, copartners, &c.;] فِى كَذَا [in such a thing]. (S.) b2: [Hence,] الاِشْتِرَاكُ in lexicology signifies The being homonymous; lit. the being shared, or participated, in by several meanings: [used as a subst., homonymy:] (Mz, 25th نوع; and Intr. to the TA:) one says of a noun [or word] that is termed مُشْتَرَكٌ [q. v.], تَشْتَرِكُ فِيهِ مَعَانٍ كَثِيرَةٌ [Many meanings share, or participate, in it]. (TA.) b3: And اشترك الأَمْرُ (assumed tropical:) The affair, or case, was, or became, confused, and dubious. (TA.) شَرْكٌ: see what next follows.

شِرْكٌ is an inf. n. of شَرِكَهُ, as mentioned in the first sentence of this art.: (Mgh, Msb:) or a subst. therefrom: (S:) and is syn. with ↓ شِرْكَةٌ, [signifying A sharing, participating or participation, partaking, or copartnership, and mentioned before as an inf. n.,] (K,) as also are ↓ شَرِكٌ and ↓ شَرِكَةٌ, [likewise mentioned before as inf. ns.,] and ↓ شَرْكٌ and ↓ شَرْكَةٌ, (MF, TA,) and so is ↓ شُرْكَةٌ, with damm, (K,) this last said by MF to be unknown, but it is common in Syria, almost to the exclusion of the other dial. vars. mentioned above. (TA.) An ex. of the first occurs in a trad, of Mo'ádh, أَجَازَ بَيْنَ أَهْلِ اليَمَنِ الشِّرْكَ, meaning [He allowed, among the people of El-Yemen,] the sharing, one with another, (الاِشْتِرَاك,) in land [and app. its produce], by its owner giving it to another for the half [app. of its produce], or the third, or the like thereof: and a similar ex. of the same word occurs in another trad. (TA.) See also an ex. in a verse cited above, conj. 3. And one says, رَغِبْنَا فِى شِرْكِكُمْ, meaning We are desirous of sharing with you in affinity, or relationship by marriage. (K, * TA.) b2: And A share: (Mgh, O, Msb, TA:) as in the saying, بِيعَ شِرْكٌ مِنْ دَارِهِ [A share of his house was sold]: (Mgh:) and as in the saying, أَعْتَقَ شِرْكًا لَهُ فِى عَبْدٍ [He emancipated a share belonging to him in a slave]: (Msb:) pl. أَشْرَاكٌ. (O, Msb, TA.) [See a verse of Lebeed cited voce زَعَامَةٌ.] b3: It is also a subst. from أَشْرَكَ بِاللّٰهِ; (Mgh, Msb, K, TA;) thus in the Kur xxxi. 12; (Mgh, TA;) meaning The attribution of a شَرِيك [or copartner &c., or of شُرَكَآء i. e. copartners

&c., (see 4,)] to God: (Mgh:) [so that it may be rendered belief in a plurality of gods:] and [in a wider sense,] unbelief [or misbelief]; syn. كُفْرٌ. (S, Msb, K, TA.) And it is also expl. as meaning Hypocrisy: (Mgh, TA:) so in the saying of the Prophet, إِنَّ أَخْوَفَ مَا أَخَافُ عَلَى أُمَّتِى الشِّرْكُ [Verily the most fearful of what I fear for my people is hypocrisy]: (Mgh:) and so in the trad., الشِّرْكُ أَخْفَى فِى أُمَّتِى مِنْ دَبِيبِ النَّمْلِ [Hypocrisy is more latent in my people than the creeping of ants]. (IAth, TA.) b4: See also شَرِيكٌ, in two places.

شَرَكٌ The حِبَالَة [properly a sing., meaning snare, but here app. used as a gen. n., meaning snares, as will be seen from what follows,] of the صَائِد [i. e. sportsman, or catcher of game, or wild animals, or birds]; one of which is called ↓ شَرَكَةٌ: (S, O:) the meaning of the شَرَك of the صَائِد is well known; and the pl. is أَشْرَاكٌ; like سَبَبٌ and أَسْبَابٌ: or, as some say, شَرَكٌ is the pl. of ↓ شَرَكَةٌ, [or rather is a coll. gen. n. of which ↓ شَرَكَةٌ is the n. un.,] like قَصَبٌ and قَصَبَةٌ: (Msb:) [i. e.,] شَرَكٌ signifies the حَبَائِل [or snares, or by this may perhaps be meant the cords composing a snare, for حَبَائِلُ is an anomalous pl. of حَبْلٌ,] for catching wild animals or the like; and what is, or are, set up for [catching] birds: (K, TA:) one whereof is said to be called ↓ شَرَكَةٌ [a term used in the K, in art. شبك, as the explanation of شَبَكَةٌ, which means a net]: (TA:) and the pl. of شَرَكٌ is شُرُكٌ, with two dammehs, which is extr. [with respect to analogy, like فُلُكٌ pl. of فَلَكٌ]. (K.) Hence the trad., أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ شَرِّ الشَّيْطَانِ وَشَرَكِهِ, meaning حَبَائِلِهِ وَمَصَايِدِهِ [i. e. I seek protection by Thee from the mischief of the Devil, and his snares]. (TA.) b2: شَرَكُ الطَّرِيقِ means The main and middle parts of the road; (S, K;) syn. جَوَادُّهُ: or the tracks that are [conspicuous and distinct,] not obscure to one nor blended together: (K:) pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] of ↓ شَرَكَةٌ: (S:) or the أَنْسَاع of the road; (As, TA;) i. e. the furrows of the road, made by the beasts with their legs [or feet] in its surface, a ↓ شَرَكَة here and another by the side of it: (TA:) or أَشْرَاكٌ [is its pl., and] signifies the small tracks that branch off from the main road and then stop, or terminate. (Sh, TA.) [See أُسٌّ.]

شَرِكٌ: see شِرْكٌ, first sentence.

شَرْكَةٌ: see شِرْكٌ, first sentence.

شُرْكَةٌ: see شِرْكٌ, first sentence.

شِرْكَةٌ: see شِرْكٌ, first sentence. b2: Also A piece of flesh-meat; of the dial. of El-Yemen; originally, of a slaughtered camel, in which people share, one with another. (TA.) شَرَكَةٌ: see شَرَكٌ, in six places.

شَرِكَةٌ: see شِرْكٌ, first sentence.

شُرَكِىٌّ and شُرَّكِىٌّ A quick, or swift, pace: (K:) so says ISd. (TA.) And لَطْمٌ شُرَكِىٌّ A quick and consecutive slapping, (S, O, K,) like the camel's slapping when a thorn has entered his foot and he beats the ground with it with a consecutive beating. (S, * O.) Ows Ibn-Hajar says, وَمَا أَنَ إِلَّا مُسْتَعِدٌّ كَمَا تَرَى

أَخُو شُرَكِىِّ الوِرْدِ غَيْرُ مُعَتِّمِ [And I am none other than one who is ready, as thou seest; one in the habit of quick and consecutive coming to water; not one who is dilatory]: i. e., one coming to water time after time, consecutively: he means, I will do to thee what thou dislikest, not delaying to do that. (S.) شِرَاكٌ The thong, or strap, of the sandal, (Mgh, Msb, K, TA,) that is on the face thereof, (TA,) upon the back [meaning upper side] of the foot, (Mgh, Msb,) [extending from the thong, or strap, that passes between two of the toes, towards the ankle, and having two arms (its عَضُدَانِ), which are attached to the أُذُنَانِ (q. v.), or pass through these and unite behind the foot: see also خِزَامَةٌ, and فَرَصَهُ, whence it appears to mean also each arm, and the two arms, of the شِرَاك properly so called: and see سَيْرٌ, where it appears to be used as meaning a thong or strap, absolutely:] the شِرَاك of the sandal is well known: (O:) pl. شُرُكٌ, (O, K, TA,) and accord. to the K أَشْرُكٌ also, but this is a mistake. (TA.) To this is likened, in a trad., the shadow at the base of a wall, on the eastern side thereof, when very small [or narrow], showing that the sun has begun to decline from the meridian. (Mgh, Msb,) b2: [Hence,] (assumed tropical:) A streak of herbage: (S, O, K:) pl. شُرُكٌ, (S, O, TA,) expl. by AHn as meaning herbage in streaks; not continuous. (TA.) One says, الكَلَأُ فِى بَنِى فُلَانٍ شُرُكٌ (assumed tropical:) The herbage among the sons of such a one is composed of streaks. (Aboo-Nasr, S, O.) b3: [In the K voce بَنَقَ it is used as meaning (assumed tropical:) A row of shoots, or offsets, cut from palm-trees and planted, such as are termed, when planted, مُبَنَّقٌ and مُنَبَّقٌ.] b4: [Hence,] one says, مَضَوْا عَلَى شِرَاكٍ وَاحِدٍ (tropical:) [They went away in one uniform line or manner]. (TA.) And اِجْعَلِ الأَمْرَ شِرَاكًا وَاحِدًا (assumed tropical:) Make thou the affair, or case, [uniform, or] one uniform thing. (Fr, TA in art. بأج.) شَرِيكٌ act. part. n. of شَرِكَةٌ; (Mgh;) i. q. ↓ مُشَارِكٌ [A sharer, participator, partaker, or partner, with another; a copartner, an associate, or a colleague, of another]; (K;) and ↓ شِرْكٌ signifies the same: (Az, K, TA:) a sharer in what is not divided: (K and TK in art. خلط:) or a sharer in the rights of a thing that is sold: (Mgh in that art.:) pl. شُرَكَآءُ and أَشْرَاكٌ, (S, O, Msb, K, TA,) like شُرَفَآءُ and أَشْرَافٌ pls. of شَرِيفٌ; (S, O, TA;) or the latter is pl. of ↓ شِرْكٌ: (Az, TA:) a woman is termed شَرِيكَةٌ; (S, O, K;) which is applied to a man's جَارَة [i. e. wife, or object of love]; (TA;) and the pl. of this is شَرَائِكُ. (S, O, K.) Az mentions his having heard one of the Arabs say, فُلَانٌ شَرِيكُ فُلَانٍ meaning Such a one is married to the daughter, or to the sister, of such a one; what people call the خَتَن [of such a one]. (TA.) مُشْرِكٌ and ↓ مُشْرِكِىٌّ, (S, O, K,) like as one says دَوٌّ and دَوِّىٌّ, and قَعْسَرٌ and قَعْسَرِىٌّ, (S, O,) One who attributes to God a شَرِيك [or copartner &c., or شُرَكَآء i. e. copartners &c. (see 4)]: (O:) [i. e. a believer in a duality, or a plurality, of gods:] and [in a wider sense,] a disbeliever [or misbeliever] in God. (S, O, K.) Abu-l-'Abbás explains [the pl.] مُشْرِكُونَ in the Kur xvi. 102 as meaning Those who are مشركون by their obeying the Devil; by their worshipping God and worshipping with Him the Devil. (TA.) b2: [In one place, in the CK, the former word is erroneously put for مُشْتَرَكٌ, q. v., last sentence.]

مُشْرِكِىٌّ: see the next preceding paragraph.

الفَرِيضَةُ المُشَرَّكَةُ, (O, K, TA,) or المَسْأَلَةُ المَشَرَّكَةُ, (Msb,) for المُشَرَّكُ فِيهَا, (Msb, TA,) is That [assigned portion of inheritance, or the question relating thereto (المَسْأَلَةُ المُشَرَّكَةُ being for مَسْأَلَةُ الفَرِيضَةِ المُشَرَّكَةِ),] in which the brothers by the mother's side [only] and those by [both] the father's and the mother's sides are made to share together; (O, Msb, * K, TA;) also called ↓ المُشَرِّكَةُ [that makes to share], tropically; (Msb;) and called also ↓ المُشْتَرَكَةُ [for المُشْتَرَكُ فِيهَا i. e. that is shared in]: (Lth, K, TA:) this is the case of a husband and a mother and brothers by the mother's side and brothers by the father's and mother's sides: (O, K, TA:) for the wife is half; and for the mother, a sixth; and for the brothers by the mother's side, a third, and the brothers by the father's and mother's sides share with them: (O, TA:) 'Omar decided in a case of this kind by assigning the third to two brothers by the mother's side, and not assigning anything to the brothers by the father's and mother's sides; whereupon they said, يَا أَمِيرَ المُؤْمِنِينَ هَبْ أَنَّ

أَبَانَا كَانَ حِمَارًا فَأَشْرِكْنَا بِقَرَابَةِ أُمَّنَا [O Prince of the Believers, suppose that our father was an ass, and make us to share by reason of the relationship of our mother]: so he made them to share together (فَأَشْرَكَ بَيْنَهُمْ [thus in the O and K, but correctly فَشَرَّكَ بينهم, or, as afterwards in the TA, فَشَرَّكَهُمْ]): (O, K, TA:) therefore it (i. e. the فَرِيضَة, TA) was called مُشَرَّكَة [and مُشَرِّكَة] and مُشْتَرَكَة, [in the CK, erroneously, مُشْرَكَة,] and also حِمَارِيَّة: (K, TA:) and it is also called حَجَرِيَّة, because it is related that they said, هَبْ أَنَّ أَبَانَا كَانَ حَجَرًا مُلْقًى فِى اليَمِّ [suppose that our father was a stone thrown into the sea]; and [therefore] some called it يَمِّيَّة: and it was called also عُمَرِيَّة. (TA. [More is there added, explaining different decisions of this case.]) المُشَرِّكَةُ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مُشَارِكٌ: see شَرِيكٌ. b2: رِيحٌ مُشَارِكٌ means A wind to which the نَكْبَآء [q. v.] is nearer than the two winds between which this blows. (K.) مُشْتَرَكٌ, applied to a road (طَرِيق, Mgh, Msb, TA), is for مُشْتَرَكٌ فِيهِ, (Msb,) meaning [Shared in: or] in which the people are equal [sharers]. (TA.) b2: Hence, الأَجِيرُ المُشْتَرَكُ [in my copy of the Mgh, erroneously, المُشْتَرِكُ,] The hired man [that is shared in; i. e.,] whose work no one has for himself exclusively of others, but who works for every one who repairs to him for work, like the tailor in the sitting-places of the markets; (Msb;) or who works for whom he pleases: as to أَجِيرُ المُشْتَرَكِ, it is not right, unless the word thus governed in the gen. case be expl. as an inf. n. (Mgh.) b3: See also الفَرِيضَةُ المُشَرَّكَةُ, above. b4: اِسْمٌ مُشْتَرَكٌ [in like manner for مُشْتَرَكٌ فِيهِ A noun shared in by several meanings; i. e. a homonym;] a noun shared in by many meanings, such as عَيْنٌ and the like: (Mz, 25th نوع; and TA in the present art. and in the Intr.:) or مُشْتَرَكٌ signifies a word having two, or more, meanings; and is applied to a noun, and to the pret. of a verb as denoting predication and prayer, and to the aor. as denoting the present and the future, and to a particle: (Mz ubi suprà:) [مُشْتَرَكٌ used as a subst., meaning a homonym, has for its pl. مُشْتَرَكَاتٌ.] b5: [الحِسُّ المُشْتَرَكُ, for المُشْتَرَكُ فِيهِ, signifies, in the conventional language of the philosophers, The faculty of fancy; so called because “ participated in ” by the five senses: but it is vulgarly used as meaning common sense.]

b6: مُشْتَرَكٌ applied to a man, [for مُشْتَرَكٌ فِيهِ,] means (assumed tropical:) Talking to himself, like him who is affected with anxiety; (As, S, K, TA; [in the CK, erroneously, مُشْرِكٌ;]) his judgment being shared in; not one. (TA.)

شحم

1 شَحُمَ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (K,) inf. n. شَحَامَةٌ, (MA, Msb,) He (a man, S, K) was, or became, fat; (S, MA, K;) as also شَحِمَ, aor. ـَ (TA:) or he was, or became, abundant in the fat of his person. (Msb.) And شَحُمَتْ إِبِلُهُ (K) His camels were, or became, fat. (TA.) and شُحِمَتِ النَّاقَةُ; and شَحَمَت, aor. ـُ of the classes of عُنِىَ and نَصَرَ; inf. n. شَحْمٌ and شُحُومٌ; The she-camel became fat after leanness. (TA.) b2: شَحِمَ, (S, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. شَحَمٌ, (TA,) He was, or became, eagerly desirous of fat. (S, K, TA.) And He ate much fat. (TA.) A2: شَحَمَهُ, (K,) or شَحَمَ أَصْحَابَهُ, (S,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. شَحْمٌ, (TA,) He fed him, or his companions, with fat; or gave him, or them, fat to eat. (S, K.) 4 اشحم He had much fat in his possession: like as الحم signifies “ he had much flesh in his possession. ” (TA.) شَحْمٌ, (S, Msb, K,) of an animal, (Msb,) a word of well known meaning, (S, Msb, K,) Fat; (MA, KL;) the substance of fatness: (ISd, TA:) شَحْمَةٌ is a more special term, (S, Msb,) [i. e. a n. un.,] signifying a piece thereof: (K:) the pl. of the former is شُحُومٌ. (Msb, TA.) It is said of the Jews, in a trad., حَرُمَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ الشُّحُومُ فَبَاعُوهَا وَأَكَلُوا أَثْمَانَهَا [Fats have been forbidden to them; but they have sold them, and have devoured the prices thereof: see Lev. vii. 23]: the fat that is forbidden to them is that of the kidneys and of the stomach and of the intestines into which the food passes from the stomach; but not that of the أَلَيْة [meaning the “ rump,” and also the “ tail of a sheep,”] nor of the back. (TA.) One says, لَقِيتُهُ بِشَحْمِ كُلَاهُ [lit. I met him, or found him, with the fat of his kidneys,] meaning, (tropical:) in his state of briskness, liveliness, or sprightliness. (K, TA.) And of him who is deemed weak, one says, فُلَانٌ شَحْمٌ لِلْمُبْتَلِعِ (tropical:) [lit. Such a one is fat for the swallower]. (Ham p. 771.) b2: Also The hump of the camel: (TA:) heard by Az from the Arabs in this sense. (TA in art. حم.) b3: and The whiteness [app. meaning the white part] of the belly. (TA.) b4: شَحْمَةُ الأُذُنِ [The lobe, or lobule, of the ear;] the part, of the ear, to which the قُرْط [i. e. ear-ring or ear-drop] is suspended; (S, Msb, K;) i. e. the soft portion of the lower part of the ear: or the place of the perforation for the قُرْط. (TA.) b5: شَحْمَةُ العَيْنِ The مُقْلَة of the eye; (TA;) i. e., what comprises the white and the black of the eye: (Zj in his “ Khalk el-Insán; ” and S and Msb and K voce مُقْلَةٌ:) [this is what is generally meant by it; i. e. the globe of the eye:] in the T it is said to be the حَدَقَة [i. e. black, or what is in the middle of the white,] of the eye: and some say that it is the شَحْمَة [app. meaning the whole substance] that is beneath [or behind] the حَدَقَة. (TA.) b6: شَحْمَةُ الحَنْظَلِ [and شَحْمُهُ, as in the K in art. حنظل,] The inner part [i. e. the pulp] of the colocynth, exclusive of its seeds. (K.) b7: شَحْمَةُ الرُّمَّانِ The thin yellow [pulp] that is amid the seeds of the pomegranate; (K;) or, as in the M, the substance that separates the seeds of the pomegranate. (TA.) b8: شَحْمُ النَّخْلِ The heart pith, or cerebrum, (جُمَّار,) of palm-trees: (S in art. جذب:) and شَحْمَةُ النَّخْلَةِ the heart (جُمَّارَة) of the palm-tree. (M, TA.) b9: شَحْمَةُ المَرْجِ The خِطْمِىّ [or marsh-mallow]. (K.) b10: شَحْمُ الأَرْضِ The truffle; as a gen. n.; syn. الكَمْءُ: (TA in art. كمأ:) and شَحْمَةُ الأَرْضِ the truffle; as a n. un.; syn. الكَمْأَةُ: (K:) or the white truffle; syn. الكَمْأَةُ البَيْضَآءُ. (S.) [It should be observed that الكَمْءُ is generally held to be a n. un.; and الكَمْأَةُ, to be a coll. gen. n.; contr. to analogy: but they are here evidently used in the reverse manner.]

b11: شَحْمَةُ الأَرْضِ also signifies A certain white worm: or is of (مِن [which is omitted in some of the copies of the K]) the [long worms, found in moist earth, and in the mud of rivers, called]

خَرَاطِين: (K, TA:) or a white عَظَآءَة [n. un. of عَظَآءٌ, q. v.], not big: or, as some say, it is not of the [species called] عَظَآء; it is more pleasant [to the taste], and better: and [because it dwells in the sand-hills,] they say [i. e. call it] also شَحْمَةُ النَّقَا, like as they say بَنَاتُ النَّقَا: (TA:) it is the [reptile called] حُلَكَة, which dives into the sand, and to which the fingers (بَنَان) of virgins are likened. (TA in art. ارض. [See حُلَكَةٌ: and see also شَبَثٌ.]) b12: أَبُو شَحْمٍ is an appellation of The small species of what is called حِمَارُ قَبَّانَ. (TA in art. قب, q. v.) b13: [See also شَحْمَةٌ below.]

شُحْمٌ, with damm, [as though pl. of أَشْحَمُ, which I do not find mentioned,] White; applied to men. (IAar, TA.) شَحِمٌ Eagerly desirous of fat. (S, K.) One says, رَجُلٌ شَحِمٌ لَحِمٌ A man eagerly desirous of fat and of flesh. (TA.) b2: عِنَبٌ شَحِمٌ Grapes having little juice (K, TA) and thick skin. (TA.) b3: And رُمَّانَةٌ شَحِمَةٌ A pomegranate having thick شَحْمَة [or pulp amid the seeds]. (TA.) شَحْمَةٌ [n. un. of شَحْمٌ, which see throughout.

A2: Also] A certain bird. (K. [For طَائِرٌ, which I regard as the right reading, in the CK, I find in other copies of the K الطَّائِرُ as an explanation of الشَّحْمَةُ.]) A3: And A certain game of the children of the Arabs of the desert. (K, * TA.) شَحِيمٌ Fat, as an epithet applied to a man: (ISk, S, K:) or abundant in the fat of his person. (Msb.) شَحَّامٌ A seller of fat; (S, K;) as also ↓ شَاحِمٌ. (K.) b2: And One who feeds men much with fat. (TA.) شَاحِمٌ One who feeds men with fat. (S, TA.) b2: And A man having, or possessing, fat; like لَاحِمٌ signifying “ having, or possessing, flesh: ”

possessive epithets like لَابِنٌ and تَامِرٌ. (TA.) b3: See also شَحَّامٌ.

مُشْحِمٌ, (S, [so in my copies, see 4, of which it is the part. n.,]) or ↓ مُشَحِّمٌ, like مُحَدِّثٌ [in measure], (K,) [both perhaps correct,] A man having much fat in his house or tent. (S, K.) b2: And the former, A man whose camels are fat. (K.) مُشَحَّمٌ: see مَشْحُومٌ.

مُشَحِّمٌ: see مُشْحِمٌ.

مَشْحُومٌ Food, and bread, into which fat has been put; (TA;) [and so ↓ مُشَحَّمٌ, for] one says خُبْزَةٌ مُشَحَّمَةٌ [a cake of bread, &c., into which fat has been put]. (K in art. ربق.)

شحن

1 شَحَنَ, (S, L, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ inf. n. شَحْنٌ, (L, Msb,) He filled (S, L, Msb, K) a ship, (S, L, K,) or a house, or chamber, &c.: (Msb:) he filled, [or laded,] and completely equipped or furnished, a ship. (L.) And in like manner, It (i. e. what was in it) filled a ship. (L.) And, (S, L, K,) as also ↓ اشحن, (K,) He filled a town or city (S, L, K) بِالخَيْلِ [with horsemen or the horsemen]. (S, L.) A2: Also, (L, Msb, K,) aor. as above, (L,) and so the inf. n., (L, Msb,) He drove away (L, Msb, K) a people, or party, (L,) or him. (Msb.) And (L) one says, مَرَّ يَشْحَنُهُمْ, (S, L,) inf. n. as above, (S,) He passed along driving them away, and pursuing them. (S, L.) Az heard an Arab of the desert say, اِشْحَنْ عَنْكَ فُلَانًا, meaning Remove thou, and put far away, from thee such a one. (L.) And one says of a thing that is intensely acid, إِنَّهُ يَشْحَنُ الذُّبَابَ i. e. Verily it drives away the flies. (TA.) A3: شَحْنٌ also signifies The running vehemently. (L.) And شَحَنَ, He went far, or far away. (K.) And one says, شَحَنَتِ الكِلَابُ, (L,) [and شَحِنَت, as appears from what follows,] aor. ـْ and تَشْحُنُ, (L, K,) like تَمْنَعُ and تَعْلَمُ and تَنْصُرُ, (K,) inf. n. شُحُونٌ, (L,) The dogs went far in pursuit without catching any prey, or game. (L, K.) A4: شَحِنَ عَلَيْهِ, aor. ـَ (L, Msb, K,) inf. n. شَحَنٌ; (L, Msb;) and شَحَنَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. شَحْنٌ; (Msb;) He bore rancour, malevolence, malice, or spite, against him; (Msb, K;) and (Msb) bore, (L,) or showed, (Msb,) enmity towards him. (L, Msb.) 2 شحّنهُ He made him, or appointed him to the office of, a شِحْنَة, q. v.; occurring in postclassical works.]3 شاحنهُ, (L, Msb, K,) inf. n. مُشَاحَنَةٌ, (L, Msb, KL,) He regarded him, or treated him, with rancour, malevolence, malice, or spite; (Msb;) or with enmity; being so regarded, or treated, by him: (L, Msb, K, KL:) or, as some say, مُشَاحَنَةٌ is such reviling, and blaming, upbraiding, or reproaching, reciprocally, as does not amount to fighting one another; from شَحْنَآءُ meaning “ enmity. ” (L.) 4 اشحن: see 1. b2: Also, (K,) inf. n. إِشْحَانٌ, (L,) He sheathed the sword: (L, * K:) and he drew the sword: thus having two contr. significations. (K.) A2: Also, (S, L, K,) inf. n. as above, (S, L,) He (a boy, or child, S, L, and, as some say, a man, L) was ready, or about, to weep: (S, L, K:) or his eyes watered at the approach of weeping (L.) b2: And اشحن لَهُ بِسَهْمٍ He prepared himself to shoot him, or to shoot at him, with an arrow. (K.) 6 تَشَاحُنٌ The regarding, or treating, one another [with rancour, malevolence, malice, or spite; (see 1, last sentence; and 3;) or] with enmity. (L.) شَحْنَةٌ [thus written, with fet-h to the ش, but I incline to think that it is correctly ↓ شِحْنَةٌ,] The contents of a ship, that fill it. (L.) شِحْنَةٌ: see what next precedes. b2: [Also] A body of men sufficing for the guarding, controlling, or firm holding, of a province, or city, on the part of the Sultán. (Az, L, K. *) And (K) A troop of horsemen keeping post (S, L, K) in a country or town. (S, L.) IB says that the vulgar usage of this word as syn. with أَمِيرٌ [i. e. A commander or commandant, &c., being used app. only in post-classical times, from the Pers\.

شَحْنَهْ, meaning in Pers\., and hence in Arabic also, a viceroy, prefect, chief of the police, or the like,] is a mistake. (L.) b3: And The quantity of fodder appointed to beasts as sufficing them for a day and a night. (Az, L, K.) A2: See also what next follows.

شَحْنَآءُ Rancour, malevolence, malice, or spite: (L:) or vehement hatred: (Msb:) and enmity; (S, L, Msb, K;) as also ↓ شِحْنَةٌ. (S, L, K.) Hence the saying, كَانَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ أَخِيهِ شَحْنَآءُ i. e. [There was between him and his brother] enmity. (L.) شُحُون in the following verse, cited by ISd, تَأَطَّرْنَ فِى المِينَآءِ ثُمَّ تَرَكْنَهُ وَقَدْ لَجَّ مِنْ أَحْمَالِهِنَّ شُحُونُ may be, accord. to him, an inf. n. of شَحَنَ, or an extr. pl. of شِحْنَةٌ: (L:) [but I rather think that it is a pl. of ↓ شَاحِنٌ, like as شُهُودٌ is of شَاهِدٌ; and accordingly I would render the verse (which evidently relates to ships) thus: They kept close in the port, then they left it, and laders had persisted in contention by reason of their burdens, i. e. the burdens of the ships, because of the labour that they occasioned.]

شَاحِنٌ [act. part. n. of شَحَنَ]: see the next preceding paragraph. b2: See also مَشْحُونٌ.

A2: Also A dog going far in pursuit without catching any prey, or game: pl. شَوَاحِنُ. (L.) A3: and Bearing enmity [or rancour &c. (see 1, last sentence,)] towards another: one says, هُوَ شَاحِنٌ لَكَ [He is bearing enmity &c. towards thee]. (L.) مَشْحُونٌ A ship (فُلْكٌ, so in the Kur [xxvi. 119 &c.], S, L, or مَرْكَبٌ, K [in the L, erroneously, رَكَبٌ],) Filled [or laded, and completely equipped or furnished: see 1, first sentence]; (S, L, K;) as also ↓ شَاحِنٌ, like كَاتِمٌ in the sense of مُكْتُومٌ, (L, K,) mentioned by Kr. (L.) مُشْحَئِنٌّ Becoming angered; or made angry. (K.) عَدُوٌّ مُشَاحِنٌ [An enemy who regards, or treats, another with rancour, &c., being so regarded, or treated by him: see 3]. (S, L.) المُشَاحِنُ as used in a trad. means The schismatic innovator in religion: (L, K:) so says El-Owzá'ee: or the transgressor: (L:) or it means he who has in his heart rancour &c. (شَحْنَآء) towards the Companions of the Apostle of God: or he who forsakes the institutes, or rule and usage, of his prophet; who speaks against his people; who sheds their blood. (TA.)