ردب

إِرْدَبٌّ A well-known مِكْيَال [or measure with which corn is measured], (T,) a large مِكْيَال, (S, M, K,) in Egypt, (K,) [i. e.] of the people of Egypt; (T, S;) or a certain measure of capacity well known in Egypt; (Msb;) not correctly called a مِكْيَال for they do not measure with it, but with the وَيْبَة: (IB, TA:) it comprises, (يَضُمُّ, [so in the M, but in copies of the K وَيُضَمُّ, which signifies that it is also pronounced with damm,]) as they say, (M,) or it takes, (T,) twenty-four times the measure called صَاع, (T, M, Msb, K,) of wheat, (T,) i. e. sixty-four times the measure called مَنّ, (T, Msb,) the منّ here meant being the منّ of our country, (Az, [app. meaning El-'Irák,]) and the صاع being that of the Prophet: (Msb:) or six وَيْبَات: (K:) the اردبّ of Egypt is six وَيْبَات; the وَيْبَة being four أَرْبَاع; the رُبْع, four أَقْدَاح; and the قَدَح, two hundred and thirty-two دَرَاهِم: (EsSuyootee in his “ Husn el-Mohádarah:”) the half of the اردبّ is called قَنْقَلٌ: (T:) the word اردبّ is affirmed by some to be arabicized: (MF:) [it is now vulgarly pronounced أَرْدَبّ:] the pl. is أَرَادِبُ. (Msb.) El-Akhtal says, قَوْمٌ إِذَا اسْتَنْبَحَ الأَضْيَافُ كَلْبَهُمُ قَالُوا لِأُمِّهِمُ بُولِى عَلَى النَّارِ وَالخُبْزُ كَالعَنْبَرِ الهِنْدِىِّ عِنْدَهُمُ وَالقَمْحُ سَبْعُونَ إِرْدَبًّا بِدِينَارِ [Persons who, when the guests induce their dog to bark, (see art. نبح,) say to their mother, “ Make water on the fire: ” and bread is like Indian ambergris in their judgment, while wheat is seventy irdebbs for a deenár]: the former of these two verses [whereof the latter only is cited in the S] is said by As and others to be the most severely-satirical verse uttered by any of the Arabs. (TA.) b2: Also A conduit in which water flows upon the surface of the ground. (M, K.) إِرْدَبَّةٌ A wide بَالُوعَة [or sink-hole] made of baked clay: (T, K:) likened to the مِكْيَال above mentioned: pl. as above. (T.) [And Any pipe of baked clay: pl. إِرْدَبَّاتٌ: see دَاخِنَةٌ.] b2: And i. q. قِرْمِيدَةٌ [which may mean A large baked brick, or a thing made of baked clay]: (M, TA:) or large baked bricks; (S, K, TA;) which are called قِرْمِيدٌ. (S, TA.)

جزع

1 جَزْعٌ [inf. n. of جَزَعَ] signifies The act of cutting; or cutting off. (TA.) [See also 8.] b2: [Hence,] جزَعَ لَهُ جِزْعَةً مِنَ المَالِ He cut off for him a portion of the property. (S.) b3: And جَزَعَ الوَادِى, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) inf. n. جَزْعٌ, (S, Msb, K,) He passed the valley to the other side: (Msb:) or he passed the valley [in any manner]: (K:) or he passed across it; i. e., crossed it: (S, K:) and in like manner, الأَرْضَ the land: (K:) and المَفَازَةَ the desert: and المَوْضِعَ the place. (TA.) A2: جَزِعَ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) inf. n. جَزَعٌ (S, Msb, K) and جُزوعٌ, (K,) He was, or became, impatient, (S, K,) مِنَ الشَّىْءِ [of the thing]; (S;) and عَلَى فُلَانٍ [on account of such a one]; (S and K in art. اله, &c.;) جَزَعٌ being the contr. of صَبْرٌ: (S, K:) or he had not sufficient strength to bear what befell him, (O, Msb,) and found not patience: (Msb:) or he manifested grief and agitation: (TK:) or he was, or became, affected with grief: or he was, or became, affected with most violent grief, such as prevented him and turned him from that to which he was directing himself, or from his object, and cut him off therefrom: this meaning of cutting off being said by 'Abd-el-Kádir El-Baghdádee to be the primary signification. (TA.) 2 جزّع, inf. n. تَجْزِيعٌ, It (a full-grown unripe date) became ripe to the extent of two thirds of it: (S:) or to the extent of half of it; (K, TA;) from the bottom: (TA:) or became partly ripe: and in like manner one says of a grape. (TA.) b2: It (a watering-trough, or tank,) had but little remaining in it. (K, * TA.) b3: He put a little water into a skin. (TA.) A2: جزّع فُلَانًا, (K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) He caused the impatience (جَزَع) of such a one to cease: (K:) he said to him that which comforted him, or consoled him, and which caused his grief and fear to cease. (IAth.) 4 اجزع جِزْعَةً, and جُزْعَةً, He left, or caused to remain, a remainder: (O, K:) or less than half. (TA.) A2: اجزعهُ He caused him to be impatient: (S, K:) or he caused him to want sufficient strength to bear what befell him, and to be impatient. (Msb.) 5 تَجَزَّعَ see 7, in two places.

A2: تجزّعوا الغَنِيمَةَ They divided among themselves the spoil. (TA.) 7 انجزع It (a rope) broke, (K, TA,) in any manner: (TA:) or broke in halves; (K, TA;) but if it have broken at its extremity, one does not say انجزع. (TA.) And انجزعت العَصَا, and ↓ تجزّعت, The staff, or stick, broke (K, TA) in halves. (TA.) ↓ تجزّع is also said of a spear, and of an arrow, &c., meaning It broke in pieces. (TA.) 8 اجتزعهُ He broke it, and cut it off: (K:) or he broke it off, and cut it off, for himself; namely, a branch, rod, or piece of wood, from a tree. (S.) جَزْعٌ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ جِزْعٌ, (Kr, K,) but IDrd ascribes the latter to the vulgar, (TA,) [The onyx; so called in the present day;] certain beads, or gems, (خَرَزٌ,) (Msb,) the beads, or gems, (خَرَز, [here rendered by Golius “ Murœna seu concha Veneris,” though he also gives what I regard as the only correct signification, namely “ onyx,”]) of El-Yemen (S, K) [and] of China, (K) in which are whiteness and blackness, (S, Msb, K,) and to which eyes are likened, (S, K,) and in particular, by Imra-el-Keys, the eyes of wild animals, because their eyes, while they are alive, are black, but when they die, their whiteness appears; (TA;) a kind of stone having many colours, brought from El-Yemen and China; (Kzw;) so called because interrupted by various colours; its blackness being interrupted by its whiteness and its yellowness: (IB:) 'Áïsheh's necklace [which she lost on the occasion that subjected her to the accusation of adultery] was of جَزْع of Dhafári: (TA:) the wearing it in a signet induces anxiety, or disquietude of mind, and grief, and terrifying dreams, and altercation with men; and if the hair of one who experiences difficulty in bringing forth be wound upon it, she brings forth at once: (K: [and Kzw says the like, and more of a similar kind:]) n. un.

جَزْعَةٌ (Msb, K, * TA) and جِزْعَةٌ. (K, * TA.) A2: See also what next follows.

جِزْعٌ, (S, O, L, Msb, K,) but AO says that it should be with fet-h, [↓ جَزْعٌ,] (K) The place of bending, or turning, (مُنْعَطَف, S, Msb, K, or مُنْحَنًى, As, K,) of a valley: (As, S, Msb, K:) or the middle thereof: or the place where it ends: (IDrd, K:) or its side: (Msb:) or the place of passing, or crossing, of a valley: or a widening part, of the narrow places, thereof, whether it produce plants &c. or do not produce them: (TA:) or it is not so called unless [it be a part] having width, and producing trees &c.: (Msb, K:) or it may be without plants, or herbage, or the like: (TA:) or a place, in a valley, in which are no trees: (IAar, K:) or a place, of a valley, taking a round and wide form: (TA:) pl. أَجْزَاعٌ. (Msb, K.) b2: A place of alighting, or abiding, of a people. (K.) b3: Elevated land, or ground, by the side of which is a low, or depressed, part. (K.) A2: A bee-hive: pl. as above. (Ibn- 'Abbád, K.) A3: See also جَزْعٌ.

جَزُعٌ: see what next follows.

جَزِعٌ (Msb, K) and ↓ جَازِعٌ and ↓ جَزُعٌ (K) and ↓ جَزُوعٌ (Msb, K) and ↓ جُزَاعٌ (K) part. ns. of جَزِعَ; [Impatient; &c.;] (Msb, K;) but the last two have an intensive signification [very impatient, or having much impatience; &c.]. (IAar.) جُزْعَةٌ: see what next follows, in two places.

جِزْعَةٌ A little, or small quantity, of property, or wealth; and of water, (S, K,) remaining in a skin, (Lh, IDrd,) and in a leathern bottle, or other vessel, (IDrd,) and in a pool left by a torrent, but not in a well, (TA,) as also ↓ جُزْعَةٌ (IDrd, K) and [the dim.] ↓ جُزَيْعَةٌ, (IDrd,) and of milk, in a skin; (Lh;) or a third part, or nearly that quantity, of water, in a trough, or tank; (ISh;) or a quantity of water, and of milk, less than the half of the skin or other vessel, and of the trough; (TA;) and, as also ↓ جُزْعَةٌ, somewhat remaining; (O, K;) or the latter, particularly, of milk; (IAar;) or both, accord. to some, [a remainder consisting of] less than half; (TA;) and the former, a portion [not defined] of property, or wealth; (S;) and particularly a portion of a flock of sheep or goats; (Aboo-Leylà, K;) as also ↓ جُزَيْعَةٌ; (S;) thus in the handwriting of Aboo-Sahl El-Harawee; but in the Mj of IF, ↓ جَزِيعَةٌ, of the measure فَعِيلَةٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولَةٌ: (TA:) the pl. of جِزْعَةٌ is جِزَعٌ. (ISh.) b2: And [hence,] (tropical:) A part, or portion, of the night, (S, O, K,) past or to come, (TA,) less than half, (O, K,) of the former part thereof or of the latter part. (K.) A2: A place in which is a collection of trees (K, TA) among which the camels or other beasts are made to rest at night from the cold, and are confined when they are hungry, or returning from water, or under rain. (TA.) A3: Also n. un. of جِزْعٌ as syn. with جَزْعٌ. (TA.) جُزَاعٌ: see جَزِعٌ.

جَزُوعٌ: see جَزِعٌ.

جَزِيعَةٌ and جُزَيْعَةٌ: see جِزْعَةٌ, in three places.

جَازِعٌ: see جَزِعٌ.

A2: Also The piece of wood which is placed in the trellis of a grape-vine, crosswise, upon which are laid the branches of the vine; (S, K) not known to Aboo-Sa'eed; (S;) it is thus placed for the purpose of raising the branches from the ground; and this piece of wood is also called خَشَبَةٌ جَازِعَةٌ; the latter word being thus used as an epithet. (TA.) Also Any piece of wood that is put crosswise between two things for a thing to be borne upon it (K, TA) is called its جازع. (TA.) مُجَزَّعٌ Interrupted by various colours [like the جَزْع or onyx]: (IB:) or anything in which are blackness and whiteness; as also ↓ مُجَزِّعٌ: (K:) and flesh-meat in which are whiteness and redness. (TA.) [Hence,] نُوًى مُجَزَّعٌ and ↓ مُجَزِّعٌ Datestones of which some, or some parts, have been scraped, or abraded, so as to have become white, the rest being left of their [original] colour: (K:) likened to the جَزْع. (TA.) And ↓ بُسْرٌ مَجَزِّعٌ (S, K) and مُجَزَّعٌ; (K;) the former, says Sh, accord. to El-Ma'arree, but he adds that he himself held the latter to be the right; Az says that he heard the former from the people of Hejer, and it has the authority of A' Obeyd; (TA;) Full-grown dates that have ripened to the half; (K, TA;) from the bottom: (TA:) or to the extent of two thirds: (S:) or that have become partly ripe: (TA:) fem. with ة: (S, K:) and in like manner you say ↓ تَمْرٌ مُتَجَزِّعٌ dates that have ripened to the half. (TA.) مُجَزِّعٌ: see مُجَزَّعٌ, in three places. b2: حَوْضٌ مُجَزِّعٌ A watering-trough, or tank, having but little water remaining in it. (K.) مُتَجَزِّعٌ: see مُجَزِّعٌ.

قرمد

Q. 1 قَرْمَدَ He plastered a pool, (S, L,) or a tank, or cistern, (L,) with the burnt stones called قَرْمَدٌ: (S, L:) or he plastered thickly. (TA, art. كلس.) b2: He constructed a building with such stones. (L.) b3: [He smeared a garment with saffron, or perfume. See مُقَرْمَدٌ.]

قَرْمَدٌ A kind of stones, (S, L, K,) which have holes, (L, K,) and upon which a fire is lighted and kept up until they are thoroughly burnt, (S, L, K, *) when they are used for plastering pools, (S, L,) and tanks, or cisterns, (L,) and for building; (L, K;) as also ↓ قِرْمِيدٌ: (L:) or a thing [or substance] like gypsum, with which one plasters: (TA:) and قَرْمَدٌ (L, K) or ↓ قِرْمِيدٌ (Msb) signifies anything (L) with which one plasters, or smears, (L, Msb, K,) for the purpose of ornament, (Az, L, Msb,) as gypsum, and saffron, (L, Msb, K,) and perfume, &c. (Msb.) b2: Rocks, or masses of stone. (L.) b3: Baked pottery. (L, K.) b4: Also قَرْمَدٌ (L, K) and ↓ قِرْمِيدٌ (IAar, As, S, L, Msb, K) [coll. gen. ns.: the n. un. of the latter, قِرْمِيدَةٌ, occurs in the M and TA, voce إِرْدَبَّةٌ:] Baked bricks: (S, L, Msb, K:) or the baked bricks of baths; in the dial. of Syria: (As, L:) or large baked bricks: (S, voce إِرْدَبَّةٌ:) or the large baked bricks of houses: (IAar, L:) or a thing resembling baked brick: (TA:) originally Greek, [kerami/s,] (L, Msb,) used by the Arabs in ancient times: (L:) pl. of the latter, قِرامِيدُ: (IAar, As, S, L:) which is the word in common use. (TA.) b5: Also ↓ قِرْمِيدٌ i. q. إِرْدَبَّةٌ, (K,) i. e., A [cover for a] wide sink-hole (بَالُوعَة) made of baked clay: (TA:) [but see إِرْدَبَّةٌ].

قُرْمُودٌ The male mountain-goat: (L, K:) or a mountain-kid: pl. قَرَامِيدُ, (AO, Az, S, L,) with which قَرَاهِيدُ is syn. (Az, L) b2: The fruit of the غَضَاة: (L, K:) or a species thereof; as also قُرْمُوطٌ. (T, L.) قِرْمِيدٌ: see قِرْمَدٌ, in four places.

A2: The female mountain-goat, أُرْوِيَّةٌ: or this word is corruptly written [for إِرْدَبَّةٌ]. (K.) مُقَرْمَدٌ: see the verb, of which it is the pass. part. n. b2: A building constructed with baked bricks (آجُرّ [or قِرْمِيد]) or (in the K, and) with stones: (S, L, Msb, K:) or lofty, or high. (K.) b3: A building thickly plastered. (TA, art. كلس.) b4: Narrow: (TA:) or made narrow. (L.) b5: A garment smeared with saffron and perfume: (L, Msb:) or smeared with the like of saffron. (K. [in the CK, for بِشِبْهِ الزعفرانِ is put يُشْبِهُ الزعفرانَ.])

شقّف: قطّع (بوشر)؛ وفي محيط المحيط ص475: الشقف الخزف، أو الكِسَر منه الواحدة شقفة والعامة تسكن القاف وعند (بوشر) شقفة جمعها شقف، وأشقاف وشقاف، وشقوف وشُقَف بمعانيها المختلفة.
شقف: إناء خزفي وباللاتينية ( Testa شقوف) وعند فوك ( Testa) أيضاً وهي شقوف أيضاً عند (أبو الوليد 254، 33، 795، 23) و (رياض النفوس 19): ((فوجده راقداً على لبد وبين يديه سقفة (شقفة) فيها رماد ويبصق فيها فأخذ سقفة (شقفة) وجعلها على نار وطبخ عصيدة وأكلنا فيها فكانت قدرنا وصحفتنا)). وهناك أيضاً إناء الأزهار (الأصيص) (عوادي 1، 296، 5 الذي ذكر إن بلاديوس جاء على ذكر الشقفة مع كليمانت موليه 1، 274 والمستعيني 2، 19، 95، 15 الذي ذكر ((حماحم هو الحبق العريض الورق البستاني الذي يستعمل في الأشقاف والبساتين؛ وان هذا النبات يزرع في الأصص (دودونيوس 480، 182).
شقف: بقايا الأصيص المكسور. كسرة الخزف أو الآنية القديمة، آنية من طين تستعمل في المختبرات لتصفية الذهب أو تكليس المواد التي لا تنصهر: (الكالا: Caxcode, Casco Vaso de barro) (المقري 2، 163، ابن بطوطة 1، 238، ابن العوام 1، 188، 16 (حيث يجب ان نقرأ فيه وفي مخطوطتنا كلمة أشقاق) (ألف ليلة رقم 1، 22، 6).
حسّ أشقاف: صوت أصص تتكسر حال سقوطها (ألكالا) ( Roydo de Cosas Que bradas) شقف: عند المستعيني: خزف: هو خزف التنور وهو شقف الفخار أي نوع كان ((أو آجرة، قرميدة)).
شقف: كسرة قرميد (الكالا): ( Tejuela pedaco de teha) .
شقف: تطلق الشقفة على القطعة من كل شيء (محيط المحيط 475) (الكالا: Caxco de qualquier cosa) .
قَشّة، ذرارة، طرف من، قطعة (بوشر). (باسم 78): ((وأخذ نارنجة وحزمة نعناع وقطعة قبريسّية وشقفة عسل نحل)).
شقفة: قصاصة ورق (رياض النفوس 22) وكان الحديث عن القاضي ((كان إذا جلس للخصوم رمى إليه الخصماء الشقاف فيهم قصصهم مكتوبة فقعد يوماً للخصوم فرموا إليه شقافهم فدعا بها فإذا بشقفة منها مكتوب .. الخ)).
شقفة: لوحة (بوشر).
شقفة: أحجار المنزل (مولر. ل. ز 31، 4): أخلى المسلمون المدينة، وانسحبوا إلى الضواحي ومعهم كل أموالهم ((ولم يتركوا شيئاً إلا شقف البلد خاصة)).
شقفة: طنبور إقليم الباسك (فوك).
شقفة: في البربرية سفينة (دومب 100) (بوشر بربرية) (البربرية هيلو) (ديلاب 41).
شقف لكف: ومعناها بحسب رأي هابيشت في كتابه: Epist. quedam Arab, الملاحظة 76 الذي كتبها سهواً لقف بدلاً من لكف (وحدث هذا أيضاً في معجمه وفي ألف ليلة وعند فريتاج) وهو مقطع من كلمتين لا تعني الأولى منهما شيئاً أما الأخرى فإنها تعني القليل (ثم أن هابيشت لم يفسرّها)، أنا لا أشاركه الرأي، ويعتقد أنها نوع من الألعاب إذ أن موضع ذِكرْ هذا التعبير في ألف ليلة وليلة بوحي بأنها نوع من الألعاب (ألف ليلة برسل 1، 127، 10: ماكني 1، 48، 3): فالعبد الأسود كان قد قدح في شأن عشيقته التي هي سيدته قائلاً لها: وأنت يا ملعونة تلعبي بنا شقف لكف. إن الكلمة الأولى يمكن أن تشير إلى لعبة من لعب الأطفال لأن (الكالا) ترجمها بكلمة Tejuela التي ترادف الكلمة الأسبانية Tejo التي تعنى كسرة من القرميد يضعها الأطفال على شكل دائرة لكي يلعبوا لعبة الرمية وهي (حجر أو قطعة مسطحة ومستديرة ترمى إلى أقرب مكان من هدف معين): (انظر Palet في معجم المنهل ص731). ويبدو لي أن الكلمة الثاني التي هي لكف تقابل كلمة لِكفٍّ (كف = يد) ولكن الأمر لازال غامضاً طالما أننا لا نعرف تفاصيل اللعبة لكي نوضح جانب الإبهام في هذا التعبير.
شقيف: الصخر العظيم المنحدر من الجبل. وقد يطلق على الحجر الصغير الذي يرمى به (محيط المحيط 475).
شقافة: الكِسرة من الأصيص المحطم (الف ليلة 1، 575، 3، 4، 374، 12) (حيث ذكر برسل كلمة شقف) (برسل 9، 340).
شقافة: في الأسبانية كانت كلمة Axaquefa تشير قديماً إلى شيء يخص طاحونة الزيت، لأن معجم الأكاديمية يذكر (انظر كلمة Alfarge) وهذا المقطع في لغة الاوردانزاز في أشبيلية الذي نورده فيما يلي:
Sepa Facer un molino de azeite haciendole su torre e almazén, é exaquefa, é alfargo ...
etc قد ترجمها نونيز بكلمة كهف، مغارة ولا أدري العلاقة بينهما وكلمة شقافة.
شُقيفات (جمع) مصغرة عند العامة صنوج من النحاس لها عُرى يدخل الراقص واحدة منها في إبهامه وأخرى في الوسطى من كلتا يديه ثم يصك الواحدة بأختها وهو يرقص فيخرج لها صوت موزون على طريقة مخصوصة (محيط المحيط 475). بالشقيفاتى: لغة الخرس، تكلم بالأصابع (دليل بالفرنسية للعربية العامية 512 برجون).
شاقوف: عند العامة مطرقة كبيرة من الحديد ترص بها الحجارة في البناء (محيط المحيط 475).