حلق

1 حَلَقَ رَأْسَهُ, (S, K,) and شَعَرَهُ, (S, M, Msb,) aor. ـِ (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. حَلْقٌ (S, * M, Msb, K) and حِلَاقٌ (S, * Msb, K *) and تَحْلَاقٌ, (S, * K,) He removed the hair of his head [with a razor, or shaved his head], (K,) [and he shaved off his hair;] as also ↓ احتلقهُ; (S, K;) and ↓ حلّقهُ, (K,) inf. n. تَحْلِيقٌ: (TA:) or the latter verb has an intensive signification, (O, Msb,) and applies to many objects, (S, Msb,) as in the phrase, حَلَّقُوا رُؤُوسَهُمْ [they shaved their heads]: (S:) and you say also, حَلَقَ مَعْزَهُ [he shore his goats]; but not جَزَّ save in the case of sheep: (S:) [for] الحَلْقُ with respect to the hair of human beings and of goats is like الجَزُّ with respect to wool. (M, TA.) [Hence,] إِنَّ رَأْسَهُ لَجَيِّدُ الحِلَاقِ [Verily his head is well shaven]. (S, K. *) And يَوْمُ تَحْلَاق اللَّمَمِ [The day of the shaving off of the locks termed لمم]; which was a day fought by Teghlib (S, K) against Bekr Ibn-Wáïl; (S;) because their [i. e. Teghlib's] distinctive sign was shaving (الحَلْق), (S, K,) on that day. (S.) b2: عَقْرًا حَلْقًا, or ↓ عَقْرَى حَلْقَى, (S, K, *) is an expression occurring in a trad.: (S:) the latter is rare; or is an incorrect variation of the relaters of traditions: (K:) A 'Obeyd says, it is عَقْرًا حَلْقًا, for which the relaters of traditions say ↓ عَقْرَى حَلْقَى; and the original form and meaning is عَقَرَهَا اللّٰهُ وَحَلَقَهَا, (S,) or عَقَرَهَا اللّٰهُ عَقْرًا وَحَلَقَهَا حَلْقًا, (TA,) i. e., [accord. to A 'Obeyd,] May God wound her body, and afflict her with pain in her حَلْق [or fauces]: (S, K: *) but this explanation is not valid: accord. to the T, it is a form of imprecation uttered against a woman, [not in earnest, though denoting a degree of displeasure,] meaning may she be bereft of her husband, or became a widow, so that she shall shave off her hair: and Az says that عَقْرَى ↓ حَلْقَى means she is unlucky [to others] and annoying: ISd says, it is said to mean she is unlucky [to others]; but I am not sure of it. (TA.) Accord. to Aboo-Nasr (S, TA) Ahmad Ibn-Hátim, (S,) one says on the occasion of an event at which one wonders, خَمْشَى

↓ عَقْرَى حَلْقَى, as though [meaning May she who has occasioned this, scratch and wound her face, and shave off her hair:] from الحَلْقُ [the act of shaving] and العَقْرُ [the act of wounding] and الخَمْشُ syn. with الخَدْشُ [the act of scratching]: (S, TA: *) and he cites this verse: ↓ أَلَا قَوْمِى أُولُو عَقْرَى وَحَلْقَى

لِمَا لَا قَتْ سَلَامَانُ بْنُ غَنْمِ (TA, and so in some copies of the S,) meaning [Now surely] my people have women who have wounded and scratched their faces and shaven off their hair [on account of what the tribe of Selámán Ibn-Ghanm has experienced]: so, says IB, IKtt relates this verse, and so Hr in the Ghareebeyn: but ISk, thus: أَلَا قَوْمِى إِلَى عَقْرَى وَحَلْقَى

[and so I find it in one copy of the S:] and IJ explains it by saying that عقرى وحلقى originally denotes the case of a woman who, when some one honourable in her estimation has been smitten, or wounded, takes a pair of sandals, and beats with them her head, and wounds or scratches it, and shaves off her hair; and the poet means, my people have come to the condition of wounded, or scratched, and shaven, women. (TA.) [Fei says,] حَلْقًا لَهُ وَعَقْرًا is a form of imprecation, meaning May God afflict him with pain in his حَلْق [or fauces], and wound his body: but the relaters of traditions say عَقْرَى ↓ حَلْقَى, with the fem. alif, making them act. part. ns.; [the former meaning, accord. to one of the explanations given above, an unlucky woman to others, though this is doubtful; and] the latter meaning a woman annoying her people: (Msb:) or both these words are inf. ns., like دَعْوَى. (TA in art. عقر.

[See more in that art]) b3: They said also, بَيْنَهُمُ احْلِقِى وَقُومِى [Among them is heard the saying, Shave, O woman, and arise]; i. e. among them is trial, or trouble, and distress, affliction, calamity, or adversity: and يُوْمُ احْلِقِى وَقُومِى [A day of the saying Shave, &c.; i. e., of trial, &c.]. (TA.) b4: Also حَلَقَ الشَّىْءَ. aor. ـِ inf. n. حلْقٌ, He peeled the thing; or stripped off, or otherwise removed, its superficial part: or he peeled, stripped, pared, scraped, or rubbed, off the thing: syn. قَشَرَهُ. (TA.) b5: And حَلَقَ (assumed tropical:) He, or it, destroyed; and cut off entirely, like as the razor does hair. (TA.) b6: And, aor. as above, (assumed tropical:) He (a man) pained, or caused to suffer pain. (IAar, TA.) A2: حَلَقَهُ, (S, K,) aor. ـُ (K) and حَلِقَ, (TA,) He hit, or hurt, his حَلْق [or fauces]; (S, K;) a verb similar to رَأَسَهُ, and عَضَدَهُ and صَدَرَهُ, meaning “ he struck his head ” and “ his upper arm ” and “ his breast: ” and He (God) afflicted him with pain in his حَلْق; as explained in a phrase mentioned above. (S.) b2: And (tropical:) He filled it, namely, a watering-trough or tank, (K, TA,) up to its حَلْق [q. v.]; (TA;) as also ↓ احلقهُ. (Sgh, K.) A3: حَلَقَ الشَّىْءَ i. q. قَدَّرَهُ [He made the thing according to a measure; &c.]; (K;) like خَلَقَهُ [q. v.], with the pointed خ. (TA.) A4: حَلَقَ الضَّرْعُ, aor. ـَ [so in the TA, app. a mistranscription for حَلُقَ, since neither the medial nor final radical letter is faucial,] inf. n. حُلُوقٌ, (assumed tropical:) The udder rose to the belly, and became contracted: b2: and also (assumed tropical:) The udder contained much milk: (Kr, ISd, TA:) thus it has two contr. meanings. (TA.) [See the part. n. حَالِقٌ.]

A5: حَلِقَ, aor. ـَ He (a man) suffered pain: or had a complaint of his حَلْق [or fauces]. (IAar, TA.) 2 حلّق, inf. n. تَحْلِيقٌ: see 1, first sentence.

A2: حلّقهُ حَلْقَةً He clad him with a حلقة [or coat of mail, &c.]. (TA.) b2: حلٌّق حَلْقَةً He turned [or drew] a circle. (TA.) b3: [Hence, perhaps,] حلّق عَلَى اسْمِ فُلَانٍ [if, as I suppose, originally meaning He drew a line round the name of such a one;] (tropical:) he cancelled the stipend, or pay, or allowance, of such a one. (TA.) b4: [حلّق الإِبِلَ He branded the camels with a mark in the form of a ring: see the pass. part. n.] b5: حلَق بِإِصْبعِهِ He bent his finger round like a حَلْقَة [or ring]. (TA.) b6: حلّق said of the moon, It had a halo around it; (K, * TA;) as also ↓ تحلّق. (K.) b7: Said of a bird, inf. n. as above, (tropical:) It soared in its flight, (S, K, TA,) and circled in the air. (TA.) b8: Said of the نَجْم, (K,) meaning the Pleiades (الثُّرَيَّا), (T in art. فغر,) (assumed tropical:) It was, or became, high: (K:) or it became overhead. (T ubi suprà: see فَغَرَ.) It is said that تَحْلِيقُ الشَّمْسِ, in the former part of the day, means (assumed tropical:) The sun's rising high from the east: and in the latter part of the day, the sun's going down: but Sh says, I know not التحليق except as meaning the being, or becoming, high. (TA.) b9: حلّق بِبَصَرِهِ إِلَى السَّمآءِ (assumed tropical:) He raised his eyes towards the sky. (TA.) b10: حلّق ضَرْعُ النَّاقَةِ, inf. n. as above, (assumed tropical:) The she-camel's milk became drawn up [and consequently her udder also] (IDrd, K) to her belly (IDrd, TA.) And accord. to ISd, حلّق اللَّبَنُ (assumed tropical:) The milk [became drawn up, or withdrawn, i. e.,] went away. (TA.) And حلّق is said of the water in a drinking-trough, meaning (assumed tropical:) It became little in quantity; and went away. (TA.) b11: حَلَّقَتْ عُيُونُ الإِبِلِ (tropical:) The eyes of the camels sank, or became depressed, in their heads. (AA, K, TA.) b12: حلّق البُسْرُ, inf. n. as above, (assumed tropical:) The ripening dates became ripe [as far as the حَلْق, i. e.,] to the extent of two thirds: (AHn, K:) and ↓ حَلْقَنَ signifies the same; or they began to be ripe (K in art. حلقن) next the base; (TA in that art.;) as also ↓ حَلْقَمَ. (TA in art. حلقم.) b13: حلّق بِهِ (tropical:) It (a draught of [milk and water such as is termed] صُوَاح) caused his belly to become inflated. (Ibn-' Abbád, K, TA.) b14: حلّق بِالشَّىْءَ إِلَيْهِ He threw the thing to him. (K.) 4 أَحْلَقَ see 1, near the end.5 تحلّقوا They sat in rings, or circles. (S, K.) The doing thus before prayers [in the mosque] is forbidden. (TA.) b2: See also 2.7 انحلق شَعَرُهُ [His hair came off; as though it were shaven]. (K voce مُتَقَوِّبٌ.) 8 إِحْتَلَقَ see 1, first sentence. Q. Q. 1 حَلْقَمَهُ He cut, or severed, his حُلْقُوم [q. v. voce حَلْقٌ]. (Msb, See also art. حلقم.) A2: حَلْقَمَ and حَلْقَنَ: see 2.

A3: حَوْلَقَ, (TA,) inf. n. حَوْلَقَةٌ, (S,) He said لَا حَوْلَ وَلَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللّٰهِ: [see art. حول:] so says ISk: (S:) others say حَوْقَلَ. (IAth, TA.) حَلْقٌ [The fauces: and hence, by a synecdoche, the throat, or gullet, i. e. the œsophagus:] the place of the غَلْصَمَة [or epiglottis]; and the place of slaughter in an animal: (Az, TA:) or the fore part of the neck: (Zj in his “ Khalk el-Insán: ”) or the passage of, or place by which pass, the food and drink, into the مَرِىْء [or œsophagus]: (TA:) or i. q. ↓ حُلْقُومٌ: (S, Msb, K:) [but] the latter is the windpipe; the passage of the breath; (Zj ubi suprà, Az, Msb;) which has branches branching from it into the lungs, [namely, the bronchi, consisting of two main branches, which divide into smaller and smaller,] called the قَصَب: (Zj ubi suprà, and Msb:) [this word (حلقوم), however, as well as the former, is sometimes applied to the throat, or gullet: but the former (حلق) generally signifies the fauces; and the latter (حلقوم), the windpipe: (see another explanation of the latter word in art. حلقم, from the M:) a morsel of food, or the like, is commonly said to stick in the حلق, but not in the حلقوم:] حَلْقٌ is of the masc. gender: (Msb:) and its pl. is حُلُوقٌ, (S, Msb,) and sometimes حُلُقٌ; (Msb;) or حِلَقٌ, which is extr.; and pl. of pauc. أَحْلَاقٌ; (TA;) and أَحْلُقٌ is allowable [as a pl. of pauc.] on the ground of analogy; but it has not been heard from the Arabs: (Msb:) ↓ حُلْقُومٌ is of the measure فُعْلُومٌ, (TA,) the م being augmentative, (Msb,) accord. to Kh; but of the measure فُعْلُولٌ accord. to others: (TA:) and its pl. is حَلَاقِيمُ, and, by contraction, حَلَاقِمُ. (Msb.) b2: (tropical:) The part through which the water runs of a watering-trough or tank, and of a vessel: pl. حُلُوقٌ. (TA.) b3: and [the pl.] حُلُوقٌ signifies (tropical:) The water-courses, and valleys, of a land; and the narrow, or strait, places, of a land, (K, TA,) and of roads. (TA.) b4: حَلْقُ الجَوِّ [app. (assumed tropical:) The upper region of the air: see 2, as said of a bird, &c.]. (Z, TA.) b5: The حَلْق of a date is (assumed tropical:) The part at the extremity of two thirds thereof: or a part near to the base thereof. (TA.) A2: Unluckiness [to others]. (IAar, K.) Hence, [accord. to some,] عَقْرًا حَلْقًا [explained above: see 1]. (TA.) حُلْقٌ The state of being bereft of a child by death; syn. ثُكْلٌ [in the CK, erroneously, شُكْل]. (K, TA.) So in the prov., لِأُمِّكَ الحُلْقُ [May bereavement of her child befall thy mother]: or, accord. to the A, it means shaving of the head [on account of such, or a similar, bereavement]. (TA.) حِلْقٌ (tropical:) Numerous cattle: (S, K:) because the herbage is cropped by them like as hair is shaven or shorn. (K.) You say, جَآءَ فُلَانٌ بِالحِلْقِ وَالإِحْرَافِ (S) Such a one came with, or brought, much cattle. (Az, S in art. حرف.) A2: The sealring (IAar, S, K) that is on the hand [or finger], or in the hand, (IAar, TA,) of a king: (IAar, S, K:) or a seal-ring of silver, without a فَصّ [or gem set in it]. (ISd, K.) [Hence,] أُعْطِىَ فُلَانٌ الحِلْقَ Such a one was made prince, or governor, or commander. (TA.) حَلَقٌ: see حَلْقَةٌ. b2: Also Camels branded with the mark termed حَلْقَةٌ; (K;) and so ↓ مُحَلَّقَةٌ. (S, K.) حَلْقَةٌ [A single act of shaving]. One says to a beloved child, when he belches, حَلْقَةً وَكَبْرَةً

وَشَحْمَةً فِى السُّرَّةِ, i. e. May thy head be shaven time after time, (Ibn-'Abbád, K, *) so that thou mayest grow old, (Ibn-'Abbád, TA,) [and acquire fat at the navel:] or mayest thou be preserved so as to have thy head shaven, and to grow old. (A, TA.) A2: As meaning A ring; i. e. anything circular; as a حلقة of iron, and of silver, and of gold; (TA;) a حلقة of a coat of mail, &c.; (Mgh;) the حلقة of a door; and a حلقة of people; (S, K;) in this last instance meaning a ring of people; (Msb, TA;) it is also with fet-h to the ل; i. e. ↓ حَلَقَةٌ; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) mentioned by Yoo, on the authority of Aboo-'Amr Ibn-El-'Alà, (S, Msb,) and with kesr; (K;) i. e. ↓ حَلِقَةٌ; mentioned by Fr and El-Umawee, as of the dial. of Belhárith Ibn-Kaab; accord. to the O; or ↓ حِلْقَةٌ, accord. to the L: (TA:) or there is no such word as ↓ حَلَقَةٌ, (S, K,) in chaste speech, (TA,) except as pl. of حَالِقٌ; (S, K;) accord. to Aboo-'Amr Esh-Sheybánee; (S;) or it is a dial. var. of weak authority; (K;) accord. to Th, allowed by all, though of weak authority; (S;) or it is used by poetic license; (Mgh:) Lh says that the حلقة of a door is حَلْقَةٌ and ↓ حَلَقَةٌ; Kr says the same of the حلقة of a company of men; Lth says that it is the former in this case, but that some say the latter; A 'Obeyd prefers the latter in the case of a حلقة of iron, but allows the former; and prefers the former in the case of a حلقة of people, but allows the latter; and Abu-l-'Abbás prefers the former in both cases, but allows the latter: (L:) the pl. is ↓ حَلَقٌ, (S, Msb, K,) which is anomalous in relation to حَلْقَةٌ, (S, Msb,) or [rather] a quasipl. n., (TA,) but regular in relation to حَلَقَةٌ, (Msb, TA,) [as a coll. gen. n.,] like قَصَبٌ in relation to قَصَبَةٌ; (Msb;) and, (K,) accord. to As, (S,) حِلَقٌ, (S, K,) as pl. of حَلْقَةٌ meaning a حلقة of men and of iron, (TA,) like بِدَرٌ (S, K) pl. of بَدْرَةٌ, and قِصَعٌ pl. of قَصْعَةٌ; (S;) or this is a regular pl. of حِلْقَةٌ; (TA;) and حَلَقَاتٌ, (AA, Yoo, S, K,) which is pl. of حَلَقَةٌ; (TA;) and حِلَقَاتٌ, (K,) which is pl. of حِلْقَةٌ; (TA;) and حِلَاقٌ in relation to a company of men. (TA.) You say, اِنْتَزَعْتُ حَلْقَتَهُ [lit. I pulled off his ring], meaning, (app., Ibn-'Abbád,) (assumed tropical:) I outwent him, or preceded him. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) and كَالحَلْقَةِ المُفْرَغَةِ [Like the solid and continuous ring]: a prov., applied to a company of men united in words and action. (TA.) And ضَرَبُوا بُيُوتَهُمْ حِلَاقًا They pitched their tents in one series, (K, TA,) so as to form a ring [or rings]: the last word being a pl. of حَلْقَةٌ or of حلقَةٌ. (TA.) And it is said in a trad., نُهِىَ عَنِ الحِلَقِ قَبْلَ الصَّلَاةِ, i. e. Rings of men [sitting in the mosque before prayer are forbidden]. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] حَلْقَتَا الرَّحِمِ (tropical:) [The two rings of the womb]: one of these is the mouth of the vulva, at its extremity; [the meatus of the vagina:] and the other is that which closes upon the مَآء [or seminal fluid] and opens for the menstrual discharge; [the os uteri:] (K:) or, as some say, the other is that whence the urine is emitted; [the meatus urinarius: but the former is the right explanation: and hence] one says, مَآء

النُّطْفَةُ فِى حَلْقَةِ الرَّحِمِ (tropical:) The seminal fluid fell into the entrance of the womb. (TA.) [Hence also,] حَلْقَةُ الدُّبُرِ (assumed tropical:) The anus; syn. حِتَارُهُ and شَرَجُهُ. (Mgh in art. شرج.) [See also خَاتَمٌ, last sentence but two.] b3: حَلْقَةٌ also signifies A brand upon camels, (K, TA,) of a round form, like the حلقة [or ring] of a door. (TA.) b4: And A coat of mail: [because made of rings:] (K:) or coats of mail: (S, Mgh:) or arms, or weapons, in general, (M, Mgh, Msb,) and coats of mail, and the like. (M, TA.) It is said in a trad., إِنَّكُمْ

أَهْلُ الحَلْقَةِ والحُصُونِ [Verily ye are people of the coat of mail, &c., and of fortresses]. (TA.) b5: And A rope. (K, TA.) b6: And, of a vessel, (Az, K,) and of a watering-trough, (Az,) (tropical:) The portion that remains vacant after one has put in it somewhat (Az, K) of food or beverage, up to the half; the portion that is above the half being thus called: (Az:) [or] of a wateringtrough, (tropical:) the fulness; or less than that. (Aboo-Málik, K.) One says, وَفَّيْتُ حَلْقَةَ الحَوْضِ and الإِنَآءَ (tropical:) [I filled up the حلقة of the watering-trough and of the vessel]. (Az, TA.) حِلْقَةٌ: see حَلْقَةٌ.

حَلَقَةٌ: see حَلْقَةٌ, in three places.

حَلِقَةٌ: see حَلْقَةٌ.

حَلْقَى: see 1, in six places.

حَلْقِىٌّ [Of, or relating to, the حَلْق; faucial; guttural]. الحُرُوفُ الحَلْقِيَّةُ [The faucial, or guttural, letters] are six; namely, ء and ه, to which are appropriated the furthest part of the حَلْق; and ع and ح, to which are appropriated the middle thereof; and غ and خ, to which are appropriated the nearest part thereof. (TA.) بُسْرٌ حُلْقَانُ (assumed tropical:) Ripening dates that have become ripe as far as the حَلْق; which is said by some to be near the base: (TA:) or that have begun to be ripe (K in art. حلقن) next the base; (TA in that art.;) and so ↓ رُطَبٌ مُحَلْقِمٌ; and a single date in that state is termed ↓ رُطَبَةٌ حُلْقَامَةٌ: (K in art. حلقم:) or ripening dates that have become ripe to the extent of two thirds; as also ↓ مُحَلْقِنٌ, (S, K,) and ↓ مُحَلِّقٌ, (K, TA,) like مُحَدِّثٌ: (TA:) [in the CK مُحَلَّق, like مُعَظَّم:]) and the last signifies, (K,) accord. to Ibn-'Abbád, (TA,) dates partly ripe (K, TA) and partly unripe: (TA:) n. un. with ة: (S, K:) such dates are also termed ↓ حَوَالِيقُ, held by ISd to be a kind of rel. n., [as though pl. of حَالِقَةٌ,] though the reason of the insertion of the ى in this word, he says, was unknown to him: (TA:) and ↓ رُطَبٌ حُلْقَانِىٌّ: (TA from a trad.:) the pl. of مُحَلِّقٌ is مَحَالِيقُ. (TA.) حُلْقُومٌ: see حَلْقٌ, in two places.

رُطَبَةٌ حُلْقَامَةٌ: see حُلْقَانٌ.

رُطَبٌ حُلْقَانِىٌّ: see حُلْقَانٌ.

حَلَاقِ, (S, K,) indecl., with kesr for its termination, because changed from its original form, which is حَالِقَةٌ, of the fem. gender, and an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant; (S;) (tropical:) Death (S, K, TA) that peels [people] off; (TA;) as also حَلَاقٌ, (K,) allowed by Ibn-'Abbád; and, accord. to the Tekmileh, ↓ حِلَاقٌ also. (TA.) One says, سُقُوا بِكَأْسِ حَلَاقِ (tropical:) [They were given to drink the cup of death]. (ISd, TA.) [See also جَعَارِ.]

حُلَاقٌ Pain in the حَلْق [or fauces]. (S, K.) حِلَاقٌ: see حَلَاقِ.

رَأْسٌ حَلِيقٌ i. q. ↓ مَحْلُوقٌ [A shaven head]: (ISd, TA:) and شَعَرٌ حَلِيقٌ [hair shaven off]: (Az, S:) and لِحْيَةٌ حَلِيقٌ [a beard shaven off]; not حَلِيقَةٌ: (Az, S, K:) and ↓ عَنْزٌ مَحْلُوقَةٌ [a shorn she-goat]. (Az, S.) The pl. of حَلِيقٌ is [حَلْقِى and] حِلَاقٌ. (TA.) حُلَاقَةٌ Shorn hair of a goat. (S, K.) حَلَّاقٌ: see what next follows.

حَالِقٌ [Shaving: and] a shaver; (S, TA;) and a shearer of goats: (T, TA:) pl. حَلَقَةٌ: (T, S, K:) and ↓ حَلَّاقٌ is syn. with حَالِقٌ; (TA;) [or has an intensive signification, or denotes frequency of the action.] The saying لَا تَفْعَلْ ذَاكَ أُمُّكَ حَالِقٌ means [Do not thou that:] may God cause thy mother to be bereft of her child so that she shall shave off her hair. (S.) And حَالِقَةٌ occurs in a trad. as an epithet applied to a woman cursed by Mohammad; (TA;) meaning One who shaves off her hair in the case of an affliction: (K, TA:) or who shares her face for the sake of embellishment. (TA.) It is also applied to a wound on the head (شَجَّةٌ) That scrapes off the skin from the flesh. (TA in art. دمغ.) b2: (tropical:) Sharp; applied to a knife: (TA:) and so ↓ حَالُوقَةٌ; applied to a sword; and also to a man. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) [Hence, perhaps,] فُلَانٌ حَالِقٌ إِلَىَّ بِعَيْنِهِ (assumed tropical:) Such a one is looking at me intently, or sharply; as also ↓ مُحَلِّقٌ. (T, TA in art. زنر.) b3: (assumed tropical:) Quick, or swift; and light, active, or agile. (TA.) b4: (assumed tropical:) Lean, or light of flesh; slender, and lean; or lean, and lank in the belly. (TA.) b5: Accord. to A'Obeyd and the K, it means An udder: and accord. to the K, it means also full: (TA:) but it is an epithet applied to an udder; and thus applied, it has this latter meaning, i. e. (tropical:) full; (T, S, TA;) so ISd thinks; (TA;) as though the milk in it reached to its حَلْق: (S, TA:) or big, so that it rubs off the hair of the thighs by reason of its bigness: (TA:) and it has also the contr. meaning; (T, TA;) raised (IAar, T, Kr, ISd, TA) towards the belly, (Kr, ISd, TA,) and contracted, (T, Kr, ISd, TA,) so that its milk has become scanty, (IAar, T, TA,) or has gone away: (Kr, ISd, TA:) pl. حُلَّقٌ and حَوَالِقُ (S, TA) and حَلَقَةٌ. (TA. [The last is mentioned as pl. of حالق in the latter sense.]) Accord. to As, أَصْبَحَتْ ضَرَّةُ النَّاقَةِ حَالِقًا means (assumed tropical:) The she-camel's udder became nearly full. (TA.) And one says نَاقَةٌ حَالقٌ meaning A she-camel having much milk: (TA:) or having great abundance of milk, and a large udder: and ↓ إبِلٌ مُحَلِّقَةٌ camels having much milk: (En-Nadr, TA:) and the pl. of حالق is حَوَالِقُ and حُلَّقٌ. (TA.) b6: (tropical:) A high mountain, (S, K, TA,) rising above what surrounds it, and without vegetable produce: or, as some say, a mountain having no vegetable produce; as though it were shaven, or shorn; of the measure فَاعِلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ: but Z says that it is from حَلَّقَ, said of a bird: (TA:) and a high, or an overtopping or overlooking, place. (S.) One says also, هَوَى مِنْ حَالِقٍ, meaning (assumed tropical:) He fell from a high to a low place. (Har p. 37.) And its pl. حُلُقٌ signifies (assumed tropical:) The vacant spaces between heaven and earth. (TA.) A2: (tropical:) Unlucky (K, TA) to a people; as though peeling them; and so ↓ حَالِقَةٌ, accord. to the copies of the K; but correctly ↓ حَالُوقَةٌ, as in the O and Tekmileh. (TA.) A3: A tendril, or twining portion, of a grape-vine, (S, K, TA,) and of a colocynth and the like, (TA,) hanging to the shoots: (S, K, TA:) because it has a circular form, like a حَلْقَة [or ring]. (T, TA.) حَالِقَةٌ [an epithet (being fem. of حَالِقٌ q. v.) in which the quality of a subst. predominates] (tropical:) A year of drought, barrenness, or dearth: so in the saying, وَقَعَتْ فِيهِمْ حَالِقَةٌ لَا تَدَعُ شَيْئًا إِلَّا أَهْلَكَتْهُ (tropical:) [A year of drought, &c., happened among them, not leaving anything without its destroying it]. (TA.) b2: And الحَالِقَةُ (tropical:) The cutting, or abandoning, or forsaking, of kindred, or relations; syn. قَطِيعَةُ الرَّحِمِ; (Khálid Ibn-Jenebeh, K, TA;) and mutual wronging, and evil-speaking: (Khálid Ibn-Jenebeh, TA:) or that which destroys, and utterly cuts off, religion; like as the razor utterly cuts off hair: occurring in a trad., in which البَغْضَآءُ [i. e. vehement hatred] and الحَالِقَةُ are termed the disease of the nations (دَآءُ الأُمَمِ). (TA.) b3: See also حَالِقٌ, last sentence but one.

حَالُوقَةٌ: see حَالِقٌ, fifth sentence, and last sentence but one.

حَوَالِيقُ: see حُلْقَانٌ مِحْلَقٌ A razor; (K;) the instrument of shaving. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] كِسَآءٌ مِحْلَقٌ (S, K) (assumed tropical:) A very rough [garment of the kind called] كساء; (K, TA;) as though it shaved off the hair, (S, K,) by reason of its roughness: pl. مَحَالِقُ. (S.) المُحَلَّقُ The place of the shaving of the head, in [the valley of] Minè. (Lth, K.) A2: مُحَلَّقَةٌ, applied to camels: see حَلَقٌ.

مُحَلِّقٌ: see حُلْقَانٌ: b2: and حَالِقٌ, in two places. b3: Also A vessel less than full. (K.) b4: (assumed tropical:) Lean, or emaciated; applied to sheep or goats. (Ib-'Abbád, K.) b5: فَلَاةٌ مُحَلِّقٌ (assumed tropical:) A desert in which is no water. (TA.) مَحْلُوقٌ: see حَلِيقٌ, in two places.

مُحَلْقِمٌ: see حُلْقَانٌ.

مُحَلْقِنٌ: see حُلْقَانٌ.

وكد

1 وَكَدَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. وُكُودٌ, He remained, continued, stayed, abode, or dwelt, (L, K,) بِمَكَانٍ in a place. (L.) A2: See 2.

A3: وَكَدَ أَمْرًا, (L, K, *) aor. ـِ inf. n. وَكْدٌ, (L,) He aimed at a thing; sought, endeavoured after, or pursued, it; desired it; intended it, or purposed it; syn. قَصَدَ (L, K) and طَلَبَ. (L.) See also below. b2: وَكَدَ وَكْدَهُ He directed his course to, or towards, him, or it; or he pursued his (another's) course; syn. قَصَدَ قَصْدَهُ; (S, L, K;) doing as he did. (L.) b3: وَكَدَ أَمْرًا, aor. and inf. n. as above, also signifies He laboured at, and endeavoured after, a thing. (L.) b4: وَكَدَ, (L, K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. وَكْدٌ, (L,) i. q. أَصَابَ He, or it, did, or went, right; attained an object; hit, struck, smote, affected, hurt, befell; &c.]. (L, K.) 2 وكّد, (S, L,) inf. n. تَوْكِيدٌ; (S, K;) [and ↓ وَكَدَ as is implied in the K, but app. by the unintentional omission of the word وَكَّدَ;] and ↓ اوكد, inf. n. إِيكَادٌ; (S, L;) He made a horse's saddle, (S, L,) and a camel's, (L, K,) firm, fast, or strong; or bound or tied it firmly, fastly, or strongly; (S, L, K;) as also أَكَّدَ and آكَدَ: but more chaste with و. (S, L, K. *) b2: Also, He confirmed, ratified, or corroborated, a compact, a contract, a covenant, or an engagement; as also اكّد (S, L, K) and آكد: but, in this sense also, more chaste with و; (S, L;) or in this sense more approved with أ: (L:) and in like manner وكّد he confirmed an oath: you say, إِذَا عَقَدْــتَ فَأَكِّدْ وإِذَا حَلَفْتَ فَوَكِّدْ When thou makest a contract, ratify; and when thou swearest, confirm.4 أَوْكَدَ see 2. b2: أَوْكَدَتَاهُ يَدَاهُ His arms, or hands, exercised him with work. From a trad., relating to a seeker of knowledge. (L.) 5 توكّد الأَمْرُ and تأكّد signify the same, [The thing, or affair, became confirmed, ratified, or corroborated]. (S, L, K. *) وَكْدٌ Desire; purpose; intention; aim; endeavour. (L, K.) See also 1.

وُكْدٌ Work; labour; exertion; endeavour. (L, K.) Ex. مَا زَالَ ذٰلِكَ وُكْدِى That ceased not to be my work, (L, K,) and endeavour. (L.) وِكَادٌ A rope with which cows are tied on the occasion of milking. (S, L.) b2: Also وِكَادٌ and إِكَادٌ sings. of وَكَائِدُ [and أَكَائِدُ], (IDrd, L, K,) [pls. deviating from the constant course of speech in relation to the sings.; see art. أكد;] signifying, (i. e. the pls.,) Thongs, or straps, with which one binds (L, K) a camel's, or horse's saddle: (L:) or the thongs, or straps, by which the قَرَبُوس is bound to the two side-boards of a horse's saddle; (IDrd, L;) as also ↓ مَيَاكِيدُ and تَآكِيدُ and ↓ تَوَكِيدُ; (K;) or these are called مياكيد, but not تواكيد: (L:) and it [مياكيد] is a pl. that has no [proper] sing. (TA.) مُوَاكِدَةٌ A she-camel that strives, or exerts herself, in her progress, course, or pace. (K.) مَيَاكِيدُ and تَوَكِيدُ: see وِكَادٌ.

مُتَوَكِّدٌ بِأَمْرٍ, (L,) or لِأَمْرٍ, (K,) Standing ready, or prepared, for a thing, or an affair (L, K.)

عوض

1 عَاضَهُ, (S, A, O, Msb, K,) first Pers\. عُضْتُهُ, (A and TA in art. عرض,) aor. ـُ (Msb,) inf. n. عَوْضٌ (A, O, Msb, K) and عِوَضٌ (O, K) and عِيَاضٌ, (A, O, K,) originally عِوَاضٌ, (O, K,) He (God, A, O, K, or a man, S, O, Msb) gave him a substitute, or something instead or in exchange, or a compensation, (S, A, * O, Msb, K, *) عَنْ كَذَا [for such a thing], (Msb,) or مِنْهُ [ for it]; (O, K;) or عَاضَهُ مَا أُخِذَ مِنْهُ, said of God, [and of a man,] He gave him a substitute for, or replaced to him, what had been taken from him; (A;) and ↓ عوّضهُ, (S, A, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَعْوِيضٌ, (TA,) signifies the same; (S, A, Msb, K;) as also ↓ اعاضهُ; (S, IJ, Msb;) and ↓ عاوضهُ, (S, O, K,) inf. n. مُعَاوَضَةٌ. (TA.) b2: And عُضْتُهُ I gave to him. (IJ.) A2: عِضْتُ, [originally عَوِضْتُ,] aor. ـَ see 8.2 عَوَّضَand 3 and 4: see the preceding paragraph.5 تَعَوَّضَ see 8, in two places.6 تعاوض القَوْمُ, inf. n. تَعَاوَضٌ, The people, or company of men, had their property and their former state restored to them after want. (TA.) 8 اعتاض He took, or received, a substitute, or something instead or in exchange, or a compensation; (S, Msb;) as also ↓ تعوّض: (S, O, Msb, K:) [both of which also signify he had a thing replaced to him:] and ↓ عِضْتُ, [originally عَوِضْتُ,] (Lth and TA, in this art. and in art. عرض,) aor. ـَ (TA in art. عرض,) likewise signifies I took, or received, a substitute, or something instead or in exchange, or a compensation: (Lth, TA:) but Az says, “I have not heard this on any other authority than that of Lth. ” (O, TA.) You say also, اِعْتَاضَ خَيْرًا مِمَّا ذَهَبَ مِنْهُ [He received as a substitute, or compensation, what was better than that which had gone from him]; and [in like manner] ↓ تَعَوَّضَ. (A.) A2: اعتاضهُ He came to him seeking, or demanding, a substitute, or something instead or in exchange, or a compensation; (O, K;) and a free gift, or gratuity. (O, TA.) [See also 10.]10 استعاض He sought, or demanded, or asked for, a substitute, or something instead or in exchange, or a compensation. (S, O, Msb.) b2: It is also trans.: you say, استعاضهُ He asked him for a substitute, or something instead or in exchange, or a compensation. (A, * O, K.) [See also 8, last signification.] b3: [استعاضهُ also signifies He asked, or desired, that it should be replaced to him.] b4: And اِسْتَعْوَضَهُ He took it (a thing) as a substitute, or in exchange, for another thing; or in the place of another thing; syn. اِسْتَخْلَفَهُ [q. v.]. (TA in art. خلف.) عَوْضُ and عَوْضَ (Az, S, O, Mughnee, K) and عَوْضِ; (Mughnee, K,) the first accord. to Ks (TA) and the Koofees, and the second accord. to the Basrees; (O, TA; [in which latter it is added that the second is the most common; but this I think a mistake; for I have most frequently found the first; and in the Mughnee, عَوْضُ is mentioned first, as in the S and K, and عَوْضَ last;]) indecl., (Mughnee, K,) like قَبْلُ and أَيْنَ and أَمْسِ, (Mughnee,) without tenween; (S;) [but not always, as will be seen below;] an adv. n., (Mughnee, K,) denoting future time, (S, O,) or all future time, (Mughnee, K,) like as قَطُّ denotes past time; (S, O;) meaning Ever; syn. أَبَدًا; (S, * O, K;) but differing from أبَدًا by being appropriated to negative phrases only: (Mughnee, K: *) you say لَا أُفِارِقُكَ عَوْضُ, (K,) or عَوْضُ لَا أُفَارِقُكَ, meaning I will not separate myself from thee, ever; like as you say قَطُّ مَا فَارَقْتُكَ; but you may not say عَوْضُ مَا فَارَقْتُكَ, like as you may not say قَطُّ مَا أُفَارِقُكَ: (S, O:) or it denotes past time also, having the same meaning: for you say, مَا رَأَيْتُ مِثْلَهُ عَوْضُ, (Az, K,) meaning I have not seen the like of him, or it, ever: (Az:) so in the two books [the O and the TS] of Sgh: and in like manner a poet says, فَلَمْ أَرَ عَامًا عَوْضُ أَكْثَرَ هَالِكًا [And I have not seen a year, ever, more destructive]. (TA.) But it is decl. when prefixed to another noun; as in the saying, لَا أفْعَلُهُ عَوْضَ

↓ العَائِضِينَ (Mughnee, K) I will not do it, ever; (TA;) and ↓ لَا آتِيكَ عَوْضَ العَائِضِينَ [I will not come to thee, ever]; like as one says, دَهْرَ الدَّاهِرِينَ: (S, O:) [for in this case you may not say عَوْضُ.] And one also says افعل ذَاكَ مِنْ ذِى عَوْضٍ, [in which the first word is written in some copies of the S and K اِفْعَلْ, and in others أَفْعَلُ,] like as one says, مِنْ ذِى أُنُفٍ, (S, O, K,) and مِنْ ذِى

قَبَلٍ, (S, O,) meaning [Do thou, or I will do, that] in what is [now] to be begun [of time; meaning, immediately: see أُنُفٌ]: (S, O, K:) [thus making عوض decl., and using it without a negative, which must always accompany it when it is indecl.] [See also عِوَضٌ.] Or عَوْضُ signifies Time; syn. الدَّهْرُ (K) and الزَّمَانُ; (TA;) which is thus called because, as often as a portion thereof passes, it substitutes for it another portion: (Mughnee, K:) or, as some say, because they assert that it despoils and gives compensation. (Mughnee.) [See an ex. in the Ham p. 271, where it occurs in this sense with tenween, in the printed text, though said in the commentary to be indecl., with fet-h or with damm.] Or it is an oath; (Ibn-El-Kelbee, Mughnee, K,) and is (so in the O and Mughnee, but in the K “ or ”) the name of A certain idol, belonging to Bekr Ibn-Wáïl: (S, Mughnee, O, K:) as in a verse cited in art. مور: (O, Mughnee:) but if so, there is no reason for its being used indeclinably in a verse of El-Aashà cited voce أَسْحَمُ [q. v.]: (Mughnee:) or it is a word used in the manner of an oath; a man saying to his companion, عَوْضُ لَا يَكُونُ ذٰلِكَ

أَبَدًا [as though meaning Nay, that will not, or shall not, be, ever]: for if it were a noun signifying time, it would be with tenween; but it is a particle by which is meant an oath, like أَجَلْ and نَعَمْ. (Lth, O.) عِوَضٌ A substitute; a thing given, or received, or put, or done, instead of, in place of, in lieu of, or in exchange for, another thing; a compensation; a thing given, or received, by way of replacement; (O;) syn. بَدَلٌ; (M, Msb;) or خَلَفٌ: (A, K:) pl. أَعْوَاضٌ. (S, Msb.) See also مَعُوضَةٌ.

[Hence, عِوَضًا عَنْهُ As a substitute for it; instead of, in the place of, or in exchange for, it; as a compensation for it; &c.]

A2: مِنْ ذِى عِوَضٍ i. q. من ذى عَوْضٍ. (TA in art. قبل.) العُوَيْضَان, in the dim. form, [but whether in the sing. or dual form is not shown,] The penis of a man: of the dial. of El-Yemen. (TA.) عَائِضٌ in the saying of Aboo-Mohammad ElFak'asee, (K,) i. e. (TA) in the following saying, هَلْ لَكِ وَالعَارِضُ مِنْكِ عَائِضُ فِى هَجْمَةٍ يُغْدِرُ مِنْهَا القَابِضُ (S, O, TA, in this art. and in art. عرض,) is of the measure فَاعِلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ, like [the epithet in the phrase] عِيشَةٌ رَاضِيَةٌ, (S, O, K,) meaning مَرْضِيَّةٌ: (S, O:) As says that the poet is addressing a woman whom he is desirous of marrying, saying, Art thou in want, (and the gift appearing from thee shall have an exchange made for it to thee by me) of a hundred camels which I will assign to thee as a dowry, some whereof the [quick] driver will abandon, not being able to collect them together because of their large number? (S in art. عرض: [and the like is said in the O, as on the authority of Lth: but I have made a transposition in the explanation, directed in the TA, to make it agree with the order of the words of the verse:]) or the meaning is, and the giver of a thing in exchange for the enjoyment of thee receiveth an exchange from thee by marriage which is equal to that which he giveth in exchange for thee; عائض being from عِضْتُ, not from عُضْتُ: [so that, accord. to this explanation, it is used in the sense of its own proper measure, فَاعِلٌ:] but IB says that the phrase, in his poetry, is وَالعائِضُ مِنْكِ عَائِضُ, meaning the thing given in exchange by thee will be [indeed] a substitute, or a compensation; like as you say الهِبَةُ مِنْكَ هِبَةٌ: (TA in art. عرض:) the verse is also related differently, with مِائَةٍ in the place of هَجْمَةٍ, and يُسْئِرُ in the place of يُغْدِرُ. (TA.) b2: See also عَوْضُ, in two places.

مَعُوضَةٌ, (S, O, K,) like مَعُونَةٌ, (O, TA,) a subst. from عَاضَهُ; (S, O, K;) [i. e. as expl. in the TK, meaning خَلَفٌ and بَدَلٌ;] as also ↓ عِوَضٌ. (O, K.)

قوس

1 قَاسَ الشَّىْءَ بِغَيْرهِ, and عَلَى غَيْرِهِ, aor. ـُ inf. n. قَوْسٌ (S, K *) and قِيَاسٌ, (S,) i. q. قَاسَهُ, aor. ـِ inf. n. قَيْسٌ (S, K *) and قِيَاسٌ; (S;) i. e., He measured the thing by another thing like it; [both in the proper sense and mentally; but the latter verb is the more common, though the former, accord. to the JK, is the original;] (S, TA;) and so الشَّىْءَ بِغَيْرِهِ ↓ اقتاس: (S, K: *) but you should not say ↓ أَقَسْتُهُ for قُسْتُهُ or قِسْتُهُ. (S.) A2: قَوِسَ: see 5.2 قَوَّسَ see 5, in two places.

A2: قوّسهُ, inf. n. تَقْوِيسٌ, He made it bowed, or bent. (KL.) 4 أَقْوَسَ see 1: A2: and see 5.5 تقوّس It (a thing) became bowed, or bent; as also ↓ استقوس: (TA:) the ↓ latter is also said, tropically, of the moon when near the change [&c.]. (A, TA.) b2: (tropical:) He (an old man, S, A) became bowed, or bent; (A, * K;) as also ↓ قَوَّسَ, inf. n. تَقْوِيسٌ; (S, A, * Msb, K;) and ↓ استقوس; (S;) and ↓ اقوس: (A:) or he became bowed, or bent, in the back; as also ↓ قَوَّسَ; and ↓ استقوس; (TA;) and so ↓ قَوِسَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. قَوَسٌ. (K.) A2: تقوّس قَوْسَهُ He put his bow upon his back. (TA.) 8 إِقْتَوَسَ see 1. b2: يَقْتَاسُ بِأَبِيهِ, (S, K,) inf. n. إِقْتِيَاسٌ, (S,) (assumed tropical:) He follows the way of his father, and imitates him. (S, K.) 10 إِسْتَقْوَسَ see 5, in four places.

قَاسُ رُمْحٍ: see قِيسُ رُمْحٍ.

قَوْسٌ [A bow;] a certain thing, well known, (A, K,) with which one shoots: (M, TA:) of the fem. gender: (IAmb, M, Msb:) or masc. and fem.: (S, Msb:) or sometimes masc.: (A, K:) pl. [of pauc.] أَقْوَاسٌ (IAmb, S, A, Msb, K) and أَقْيَاسٌ, (TA, and so in some copies of the K, in the place of the former,) the ى being interchangeable with the و, (TA,) and [of mult.] قِسِىٌّ, (S, A, Msb, K,) originally قُوُوسٌ, (S, TA,) which is not used, (TA,) of the neasure فُعُولٌ, (S, Msb,) first changed to قُسُوٌّ, of he measure فُلُوعٌ, and then to قِسِىٌّ, of the measure فِلِيعٌ, like عِصِىٌّ, (S,) and قُسِىٌّ, (Fr, Sgh, K,) from the same original, (TA,) [like عُصِىٌّ,] and قِيَاسٌ, (IAmb, S, A, Msb, K,) which is more agreeable with analogy than قسىّ. (TA.) The dim. is قُوَيْسٌ, (IAmb, M, Msb, K,) without ة, contr. to rule, as the word is fem., (M, TA,) and قُوَيْسَةٌ, (IAmb, Msb, K,) sometimes: (IAmb, Msb:) or the former accord. to those who make قوس to be masc., (S,) and the latter accord. to those who make it to be fem. (S, Msb.) It is prefixed to another word to give it a special signification. Thus you say, قَوْسُ نَبْلٍ An Arabian bow. And قَوْسُ نُشَّابٍ A Persian bow. And قَوْسُ حُسْبَانٍ [A bow for shooting a certain kind of short arrows]. and قَوْسُ جُلَاهِقٍ [A cross-bow]. And قَوْسُ نَدْفٍ [A bow for loosening and separating cotton]. (Msb.) b2: [Hence the saying,] فُلَانٌ لَا يَمُدُّ قَوْسَهُ أَحَدٌ [Such a one, no one will pull his bow;] i. e., (tropical:) no one will vie with him, or compete with him. (A, TA.) And رَمَوْنَا عَنْ قَوْسٍ وَاحِدٍ, (A, TA,) or وَاحِدَةٍ, (Mgh,) [lit., They shot at us from one bow: meaning, (tropical:) they were unanimous against us;] a proverb denoting agreement. (Mgh.) [In the Msb, رَمَوْهُمْ and وَاحِدَةٍ.] And هُوَ مِنْ خَيْرِ قُوَيْسٍ سَهْمًا; (S, L, K; except that in the L and K, for قويس, we find قَوْسٍ;) (tropical:) [He is of the best of a little bow, as an arrow; i. e., he is one of the best arrows of a little bow;] or صَارَ خَيْرَ قُوَيْسٍ سَهْمًا (A, K) (tropical:) [He became the best of a little bow, as an arrow; i. e., he became the best arrow of a little bow:] a proverb [See Arab. Prov. i. 718] applied to him who has become mighty after being of mean condition: (A:) or to him who opposeth thee and then returns to doing what thou likest. (A, K.) [Hence also the phrase in the Kur, liii. 9,] فَكَانَ قَابَ قَوْسَيْنِ And he was at the distance of two Arabian bows: or two cubits [this is app. an explanation by one who holds قَابَ قَوْسَيْنِ to be for قَابَىَ قَوْسٍ:] (K:) or the meaning is, قَابَىْ قَوْسٍ, i. e., [at the distance of the measure of] the two portions between the part of a bow that is grasped by the hand and each of the curved extremities. (TA.) See also art. قوب. b3: القَوْسُ (assumed tropical:) [The Sign of Sagittarius; also called الرَّامِى;] one of the signs of the zodiac; (S, K;) namely, the ninth thereof. (TA.) b4: قَوْسُ قُزَحَ The rainbow: the two words are inseparable. (TA.) See قزح. b5: قَوْسُ الرَّجُلِ (assumed tropical:) The bowed, or bent, part of the back of a man. (IAar.) b6: أَقْوَاسُ البَعِيِر (tropical:) The anterior ribs of the camel. (A.) b7: Also قَوْسٌ (tropical:) What remains, of dates, (S, A, * K,) in the [receptacle called] جُلَّة, (S,) or in the bottom thereof, (K,) or in the sides thereof, like a bow: (A:) or, accord. to Zeyd Ibn-Kuthweh, the fourth part of the جُلَّة, of dates; like رِزْمَةٌ: (TA in art. رزم:) in this sense, also, it is fem.: or a number of dates collected together: pl. as above. (TA in the present art.) A2: Also, A cubit: (S, K:) sometimes used in this sense: (S:) because a thing is measured (يُقَاسُ) with it. (K.) قِيسُ رُمْحٍ and قَاسُ رُمْحٍ The measure of a spear. (Msb, in this art.; and S, K, in art. قيس.) قَوَّاسٌ A hewer, or fashioner, of bows; and so, perhaps, قَيَّاسٌ. (TA.) قُسَوِىٌّ is the rel. n. from قِسِىٌّ, [pl. of قَوْسٌ,] because it is [before its last change] of the measure فُلُوعٌ changed from the measure فُعُولٌ. (S.) أَقْوَسُ Having a bowed, or bent, back. (S, K.) b2: Sand that is elevated (K, TA) like a hoop or ring. (TA.) مِقْوَسٌ A bow-case. (S, K.) A2: A horse-course; a race-ground: (Ibn-'Abbád, K:) a place whence horses run (K) for a race; (TA;) i. e., (so in the K accord. to the TA,) a rope at which the horses are placed in a row (S, A, K) on the occasion of racing, (S, K,) in the place whence they run: (A:) or the extended rope from which the horses are started: (JK:) also called مقيص: the pl. is مَقَاوِسُ. (TA.) Hence the saying, عُرِضَ فُلَانٌ عَلَى المِقْوَسِ [Such a one has been put to the starting-rope]; meaning, (tropical:) such a one has been tried, or proved, by use, practice, or experience. (A, TA.) And فُلَانٌ عَلَى مِقْوَسٍ, i. e., عَلَى حِفَاظٍ

[app. meaning, (assumed tropical:) Such a one is intent upon defending his honour or the like]. (Lth, L.) مُقَوَّسٌ and مُقَوِّسٌ: see مُتَقَوِّسٌ.

مُتَقَوِّسٌ (assumed tropical:) An eyebrow [or other thing] likened to a bow; as also ↓ مُسْتَقْوِسٌ (K) and ↓ مُقَوَّسٌ: (TA:) ↓ the second of these epithets is also applied, in the same sense, or like a bow, to a gutter round a tent, and the like. (TA.) b2: Also, A man bowed, or bent; and so ↓ مُقَوِّسٌ. (TA.) A2: Also, (K,) or مُتَقَوِّسٌ قَوْسَهُ, (S,) A man having with him his bow. (S, K. *) مُسْتَقْوِسٌ: see مُتَقَوِّسُ, in two places.

خيل

1 خَالَ is syn. with ظَنَّ and تَوَهَّمَ: (TA:) you say, خَالَ الشَّىْءَ, (Msb, K,) first Pers\. خِلْتُ, (JK, S,) aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) first Pers\. إِخَالُ and أَخَالُ, (JK, S, Msb, K, &c.,) the former irregular, (Msb,) but the more chaste of the two, (S,) and the more used, (Msb,) of the dial. of Teiyi, but commonly used by others also, (El-Marzookee, TA,) the latter of the dial. of Benoo-Asad, accord. to rule, (S, Msb,) but of weak authority, (K,) though some assert it to be the more chaste, (TA,) inf. n. خَيْلٌ (S, Msb, K) and خَيْلَةٌ and خِيلٌ (K) and خِيلَةٌ (S, K) and خَالٌ and خَيَلَانٌ, (K, TA, [the last accord. to the CK خَيَلَالٌ,]) or, as in the T [and JK], خِيلَانٌ, (TA,) and خَيْلُولَةٌ and مَخِيلَةٌ (S, K) and مَخَالَةٌ; (K;) and خَالَ الشَّىْءَ, aor. ـِ is a dial. var. thereof; (Msb;) meaning ظَنَّةُ [He thought, or opined, the thing: and sometimes (see I' Ak p. 109) he knew the thing: but it seems to have originally signified توهّم الشىءَ, i. e. he surmised, or fancied, the thing: see خَالٌ, below]. (S, Msb, K.) This verb, being of the class of ظَنَّ, occurs with an inchoative and an enunciative; if commencing the phrase, governing them; but if in the middle or at the end, it may be made to govern or to have no government. (S.) You say, إِخَالُ زَيْدًا أَخَاكَ [and, if you will, زَيْدٌ إِخَالُ أَخُوكَ and زَيْدٌ أَخُوكَ

إِخَالُ, I think Zeyd is thy brother and Zeyd I think is thy brother and Zeyd is thy brother I think]. (JK.) Hence the prov., مَنْ يَسْمَعْ يَخَلْ, (S, TA,) i. e. He who hears the things related of men and of their vices, or faults, will think evil of them: meaning that it is most safe to keep aloof from other men: or, accord. to some, it is said on the occasion of verifying an opinion. (TA.) A2: See also 8.

A3: خال عَلَىالمَالِ, aor. ـِ see خَالَ in art. خول.

A4: خال said of a horse, (JK, K, TA,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. خَالٌ, (JK, K,) He limped, or halted, or was slightly lame. (JK, K. *) 2 تَخْيِيلٌ signifies The imaging a thing in the mind, or fancying it; the forming an image, or a fancied image, thereof in the mind: (TA:) [and ↓ تَخَيُّلٌ has the same, as well as a quasipass., signification.] You say, [↓ خَيَّلْتُهُ فَتَخَيَّلَ لِى and] لِى ↓ فَتَخَيَّلَ ↓ تَخَيَّلْتُهُ [I imaged it in the mind, or fancied it, and it became imaged in the mind to me, or an object of fancy to me]; like as you say, [صَوَّرْتُهُ فَتَصَوَّرَ لِى and] تَصَوَّرْتُهُ فَتَصَوَّرَ لِى: (S:) for ↓ تَخَيُّلٌ [as inf. n. of a quasi-pass. verb] signifies a thing's being imaged in the mind, or fancied: (Er-Rághib, TA:) and الشَّىْءُ لَهُ ↓ تخيّل means تَشَبَّهَ. (K. [And the same is indicated in the Msb.]) You say also, خُيِّلَ لَهُ كَذَا [Such a thing was imaged to him in the mind; i. e. such a thing seemed to him]; from الوَهْمُ and الظَّنُّ: (Msb:) and خُيِّلَ إِلَيْهِ أَنَّهُ كَذَا (S) It was imaged to him [in the mind, i. e. it seemed to him,] that it was so; syn. شُبِّهَ; (PS;) from التَّخْيِيلُ and الوَهْمُ: (S, TA:) and لَهُ أَنَّهُ كَذَا ↓ تَخَيَّلَ signifies [in like manner it became imaged &c.; i. e.]

تَشَبَّهَ; as also ↓ تخايل: (S:) and so the first of these three verbs is used in the Kur xx. 69. (TA.) And فُلَانٌ يَمْضِى عَلَى مَا خَيَّلَتْ, (JK and S in explanation of the phrase فُلَانٌ يَمْضِى

↓ عَلَىالمُخَيَّلِ,) i. e. شَبَّهَتْ [Such a one goes on, notwithstanding what (the mind, or the case,) may image to him, or what is fancied by him, of danger of difficulty; النَّفْسُ, or الحَالُ, accord. to Z, (see Freytag's Arab. Prov. ii. 94,) being understood]; meaning, notwithstanding peril, or risk; without any certain knowledge. (S.) Whence the prov., عَلَىمَا خُيِّلَتْ وَعْثُ القَصِيمِ i. e. I will go on, notwithstanding what the soft tracts abounding in sand in which the feet sink may be imagined to be: [or the right reading is probably خَيَّلَتْ, i. e. notwithstanding what the soft tracts &c. may image to the mind, of danger or difficulty:] the ت in خيّلت relates to the word وعث, which is [regarded as] pl. of وَعْثَةٌ; and على is a connective of a suppressed verb, namely, أَمْضِى, with what follows it: the meaning is, I will assuredly venture upon the affair, notwithstanding its terribleness. (Meyd.) And اِفْعَلْ ذٰلِكَ عَلَى مَا خَيَّلَتْ, i. e. عَلَى مَا شَبَّهَتْ [Do thou that, notwithstanding what (the mind, or the case, as explained above,) may image to thee, of danger or difficulty]; (JK;) meaning, in any case. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] خيّل لِلنَّاقَةِ, and ↓ أَخْيَلَ, He put a خَيَال [q. v.] near the she-camel's young one, in order that the wolf might be scared away from him, (JK, * S, K, *) and not approach him. (JK, S.) b3: And خيّل فِيهِ الخَيْرَ He perceived, or discovered, in him an indication, or external sign, of good; as also ↓ تخيّلهُ (K, TA) and تخوّلهُ: (TA: [see also 4 in art. خول:]) or you say, عَلَيْهِ ↓ تَخَيَّلَتْ, (T, S, TA,) meaning I knew him; or knew his internal, or real, state; (تَخَبَّرْتُهُ, T, TA;) or I chose him; (اِخْتَرْتُهُ, S, TA;) and perceived, or discovered, in him an indication, or external sign, of good. (T, S, TA.) b4: And خيّل عَلَيْهِ, (S, Msb, K,) inf.n. تَخْيِيلٌ (Msb, K) and ↓ تَخَيُّلٌ, (K,) [the latter anomalous, being properly inf. n. of تَخَيَّلَ,] He conveyed doubt, or suspicion, (التُّهْمَةَ, S, K, or الوَهْمَ, Msb,) to him; so in the M, on the authority of Az; (TA;) i. q. لَبَّسَ عَلَيْهِ [he made (a thing, or case) dubious to him]. (Msb.) b5: And خيّلت عَلَيْنَا السَّمَآءُ The sky thundered and lightened [over us], and prepared to rain: but when the rain has fallen, the term ↓ تَخَيُّلٌ [so in my two copies of the S, app. used as an inf. n. of the verb in this phrase, as in a case above, or perhaps a mistranscription for تَخْيِيلٌ, though it will be seen from what follows that خيّلت and تخيّلت are both said of the sky in the same sense,] is not used: (S:) or خيّلت السَّمَآءُ signifies the sky became clouded, but did not rain; (JK, and Har p. 36;) as also ↓ اخالت and ↓ تخيّلت and ↓ خايلت: (Har ibid.:) or, as also ↓ تخيّلت (Msb, K) and ↓ اخالت, (Msb,) or ↓ أَخْيَلَت, (K,) the sky prepared to rain, (Msb, K, TA,) and thundered and lightened, but did not yet rain: (TA:) or, accord. to Az, ↓ اخالت السَّمَآءُ signifies the sky became clouded: (Msb, TA:) and السَّمَآءُ ↓ تخيّلت the sky became clouded, and prepared to rain. (S.) [In like manner,] one says also, السَّحَابُ ↓ اخالت and ↓ أَخْيَلَت and ↓ خايلت The clouds gave hope of rain: (S:) or السَّحَابَةُ ↓ اخالت the cloud showed signs of rain, so that it was thought [or expected] to rain. (Msb.) A2: خيّل also signifies, (JK, TA,) or ↓ تخيّل, (Ham p. 39,) [or each of these,] He (a man) was cowardly, or weak-hearted, on the occasion of fight, (JK, TA, and Ham,) and did not act, or proceed, firmly, or steadily. (Ham.) And خيّل عَنِ القَوْمِ and ↓ أَخْيَلَ, [but the former only is explained in this sense in the TA,] He held back from the people, or party, through cowardice: (K, TA:) so says Az, on the authority of' Arrám. (TA.) 3 خايلهُ, (JK, TA,) inf. n. مُخَايَلَةٌ, (S, K,) He vied with him, rivalled him, or imitated him, (JK, S, * K, * TA,) in pride and self-conceit; (JK;) did as he did. (TA.) b2: خايلت السَّمَآءُ, and السَّحَابُ: see 2, in the latter part of the paragraph.4 اخال It (a thing) was, or became, dubious, or confused, or vague, (JK, S, Mgh, Msb, TA,) عَلَيْهِ to him. (JK, Mgh.) One says, هٰذَا أَمْرٌ لَا يُخِيلُ [This is a thing, or an affair, or a case, that will not be dubious, &c.]. (S.) And لَا يُخِيلُ ذَاكَ عَلَى أَحَدٍ That will not be dubious, &c., to any one. (JK.) b2: اخال الشَّىْءُ إِلَى الخَيْرِ, and المَكْرُوهِ, The thing exhibited an indication, or indications, of good, and of evil, or what was disliked or hated. (Msb.) [Hence,] اخالت السَّمَآءُ, and أَخْيَلَت: see 2, in the latter part of the paragraph, in four places. And اخالت السَّحَابُ and أَخْيَلَت, or اخالت السَّحَابَةُ: see, again, 2, in the latter part of the paragraph, in three places. b3: And hence, in the opinion of ISd, the she-camel in this case being likened to clouds [giving hope, or showing signs, of rain], (TA,) اخالت النَّاقَةُ (tropical:) The she-camel had milk in her udder, (JK, K, TA,) and was in good condition of body. (JK, TA.) b4: اخالت الأَرْضُ بِالنَّبَاتِ, (K,) or, as in the M, ↓ اختالت, (TA,) (tropical:) The land became adorned, or embellished, with plants, or herbage. (K, TA. [See also 5.]) A2: اخال فِيهِ خَالًا مِنَ الخَيْرِ: see 4 in art. خول; and see خَالٌ, below. b2: أَخْيَلْنَا and أَخَلْنَا We watched, or observed, or looked at, a cloud which it was thought would rain, to see where it would rain. (K, * TA.) And أَخَلْتُ السَّحَابَةُ and أَخْيَلْتُهَا I saw the cloud to be such as gave hope of rain. (S. [See also 10.]) A3: أَخْيَلَ لِلنَّاقَةِ: see 2, in the middle of the paragraph.

A4: أَخْيَلَ عَنِ القَوْمِ: see 2, last sentence.5 تخيّل, as a trans. v., syn. with خَيَّلَ; and its inf. n., syn. with تَخْيِيلٌ: see 2, first two sentences, in two places. b2: تخيّل فِيهِ الخَيْرِ, as syn. with خَيَّلَ: and تَخَيَّلْتُ عَلَيْهِ: see 2, in the latter half of the paragraph.

A2: Also, as a quasipass. v., similar in signification to خُيِّلَ; and its inf. n.: see 2, first three sentences, in five places. b2: And تَخيُّلٌ used as an inf. n. of خَيَّلَ عَلَيْهِ: and app. as an inf. n. of خَيَّلَتْ عَلَيْنَا السَّمَآءُ: see 2, latter half, in two places. b3: تخيّلت السَّمَآءُ: see 2, latter half, in three places. b4: تخيّل as syn. with اختال: see the latter verb. b5: [Hence, app.,] تخيّلت الأَرْضُ (assumed tropical:) The land became abundant in its plants, or herbage: (JK:) [and, (as is shown by an explanation of the part. n. of the verb, below,) (assumed tropical:) the land had its plants, or herbage, in a state of full maturity, and in blossom; and so ↓ تخايلت; whence,] a poet says, تَأَزَّرَ فِيهِ النَّيْتُ حَتَّى تَخَايَلَتْ رُبَاهُ وَحَتَّى مَا تُرَى الشَّآءُ نُوَّمَا [The herbage in it became, or had become, tangled, or luxuriant, and strong, so that its hills were clad with plants in full maturity, and in blossom, and so that the sheep, or goats, were seen sleeping]. (S, TA. [In both, the meaning of the verb in this ex. is indicated by the context. See also 4, where a similar meaning is assigned to اخالت or اختالت.]) b6: تَخَيُّلٌ also signifies The being, or becoming, of various colours. (JK, Ham p. 39. *) [Hence the saying,] تَخَيَّلَ الغَرْقُ بِالسَّفْرِ, i. e. [The desert, or far-extending desert] became of various colours with the travellers, by reason of the آل [or mirage]. (JK.) b7: Also The going on, or away; or acting with a penetrative energy; and being quick. (JK, Ham p. 39.) b8: See also 2, last sentence but one.6 تَخَاْيَلَ see 2, third sentence: b2: and 8, in two places: b3: and see also 5, in two places.8 اختال He was proud, or haughty; or he behaved proudly, or haughtily; (S;) as also ↓ خَالَ, (JK, S,) aor. ـِ (JK,) or ـَ (Ham p. 122,) and يَخُولُ, (JK, Ham,) inf. n. خَالٌ and خَوْلٌ; (Ham;) and ↓ تخيّل and ↓ تخايل: (K, TA:) or he was proud, or haughty, and selfconceited: (Msb:) and he walked with a proud, or haughty, and self-conceited, gait: (MA, KL:) said of a man, and of a horse: (Msb:) and ↓ تَخَايُلٌ signifies the behaving, or carrying oneself, with pride, or haughtiness, combined with slowness. (JK.) You say of a horse, يَخْتَالُ فِى مِشْيَتِهِ [He is proud and self-conceited in his gait]. (TA.) b2: اختالت الأَرْضُ: see 4.10 استخال السَّحَابَةَ He looked at the cloud and thought it to be raining. (TA. [See also 4, last sentence but two.]) خَالٌ i. q. ظَنٌّ and تَوَهُّمٌ [meaning Thought, or opinion: and surmise, or fancy: though تَوَهُّمٌ is often explained as syn. with ظَنٌّ]: (K:) an inf. n. of 1 [q. v.]. (TA.) So in the saying, أَصَابَ فِهِ خَالِى [My thought or opinion, or surmise or fancy, was right respecting him, or it]. (TK.) b2: I. q. b3: مَخِيلَةٌ, q. v., (K,) [accord. to the TA, which is followed in this instance, as usual, by the author of the TK, as meaning فِرَاسَةٌ: but this is a mistake: for وهى الفراسة, the explanation in the TA, we should read وَهِىَ مِنَ الفِرَاسَةِ; as is shown by its being there immediately added that one says, فِيهِ خَالًا ↓ أخَالَ, explained in art. خول; (see 4, and خَالٌ, in that art.; and see also مَخِيلَةٌ in the present art.;) and by what here follows:] الخَالٌ is syn. with المَخِيلَةٌ and الشِّيَةُ. (JK.) b4: For another sense in which it is syn. with مَخِيلَةٌ see the latter word, below. b5: A nature; or a natural, a native, or an innate, disposition or temper or the like; syn. خُلُقٌ. (TA.) b6: I. q.

خُيَلَآءُ, q. v. (S, K *) A2: A limping, or halting, or slight lameness, in a horse or similar beast: in this sense an inf. n. of خَالَ. (JK, K. *) b2: Gout; or gout in the foot or feet; syn. نِقْرِسٌ. (TA.) A3: Lightning: (K:) [app. as being a sign, or token, of coming rain.] b2: Clouds; syn. غَيْمٌ: (S:) or clouds (غيم) lightening: (JK, M, TA:) and also rising, and seeming to one to be raining; and the single cloud (سَحَابَة) is termed ↓ مُخِيلَةٌ: (JK:) or rising, and seeming to one to be raining, and then passing beyond one; but when having thunder, or lightning, therein, termed ↓ مُخِيلَةٌ, though not when the rain has gone therefrom: (Har p. 36, from the 'Eyn:) or clouds (سَحَابٌ) raining: (T, TA:) or clouds (سحاب) that fail not to fulfil their promise of rain; (K, * TA;) and a cloud of this description is termed ↓ مَخِيلَةٌ: (JK:) or in which is no rain, (K, TA,) though thought, when seen, to be raining. (TA.) b3: (assumed tropical:) A liberal, bountiful, or generous, man: (JK, T, M, K:) as being likened to the raining clouds, (T, TA,) or to the lightening clouds, (JK, M, TA,) which are so termed. (JK, T, M, TA.) b4: A man in whom one sees an indication, or a sign, or token, of goodness. (K, TA.) b5: Free from التُّهْمَة [as meaning what occasions suspicion]. (K.) b6: A man who manages cattle, or camels &c., (K, TA,) and pastures them, (TA,) well: (K, TA:) or خَالُ مَالٍ

one who manages cattle, &c., and watches them, well. (JK.) And One who keeps to a thing, (K, TA,) and manages, orders, or regulates, it. (TA.) A king who manages, orders, or regulates, the affairs of his subjects. (JK.) [See also خَالٌ in art. خول.] b7: An owner of a thing: (K:) from خَالَهُ, aor. ـُ meaning “ he managed it,” &c. (TA.) You say, مَنْ خَالُ هٰذَا الفَرَسِ Who is the owner of this horse? (TA.) [See خَالٌ in art. خول.] b8: See also مُخْتَالٌ, in three places. b9: A man free from an attachment of love. (K.) b10: A man having no wife. (K.) b11: A man weak in heart and body: (K:) but this is most probably [خَالٌّ,] with teshdeed, from خَلَّ لَحْمُهُ, meaning “ he became lean. ” (TA.) A4: As meaning A maternal uncle, it is mentioned in art. خول. (TA.) A5: A mole, syn. شَامَةٌ, (K,) a black شامة, (TA,) upon the person; (S, K, Msb, TA;) [a thing resembling] a pimple in the face, inclining to blackness; (JK, T, Mgh, TA;) or a small black spot upon the person: (TA:) dim. ↓ خُيَيْلٌ (JK, S) accord. to him who says مَخِيلٌ and مَخْيُولٌ [as meaning “ marked with many moles upon the person ”], (S,) and خُوَيْلٌ (JK, S, Msb) accord. to him who says مَخُولٌ, (S,) which shows it to be, in one dial., of the art. خول [in which it is also mentioned]: (Msb:) pl. [of mult.] خِيلَانٌ (JK, S, Mgh, Msb, K) and [of pauc.] أَخِيلَةٌ. (Msb.) A6: A garment, or cloth, of the garments, or cloths, of the جُهَّال [here meaning people of the Time of Ignorance]: (S:) a soft garment or cloth (JK, K, TA) of the garments or cloths of El-Yemen: (JK, TA:) and a [garment of the kind called] بُرْد, of the fabric of El-Yemen, (K, TA,) red [or brown], with black lines or stripes, which used to be made in the first ages: but Az makes these two to be one: it has been mentioned before, in art. خول, to which also it may belong. (TA.) b2: A garment, or piece of cloth, with which a corpse is shrouded. (K.) b3: The [kind of banner called] لِوَآء (JK, T, K) that is tied [to its spear-shaft] for a commander, (K,) or to denote one's having the authority of a prefect, commander, ruler, or the like: (T, TA:) [SM adds,] I do not think it to be so called for any other reason than that it was of the بُرُود of the kind termed خَالٌ. (TA.) [See also خَالٌ in art. خول.] b4: The office of Khaleefeh; (K;) because belonging to one for whom a banner is tied [on the occasion of his appointment]. (TA.) A7: A big mountain. (K.) b2: And (as being likened thereto, TA) (assumed tropical:) A big camel: (JK, K:) pl. خِيلَانٌ: to such, a poet likens certain men, as resembling camels in their bodies and in their being devoid of intellect. (TA.) b3: And A black stallion-camel. (IAar, K, * TA.) Mentioned also in art. خول. (TA.) A8: A place in which is no one, or no one by whose company one may be cheered. (K.) [Probably from خَالٍ, part. n. of خَلَا, aor. يَخْلُو.]

b2: A small [hill such as is termed] أَكَمَة. (K.) A9: The لِجَام [i. e. bit, or bit with its appertenances,] of a horse: (K:) app. a dial. var. of خَوَلٌ, q. v. (TA.) A10: A certain plant, having a blossom, well known in Nejd. (K.) خَالٍ, formed by transposition from خَائِلٌ: see مُخْتَالٌ.

خَيْلٌ Horses, (JK, S, K,) collectively; (JK, K;) as some say, (Msb,) applied to Arabian horses and [such as are of inferior breed, termed]

بَرَاذِين; (Mgh, Msb;) the males thereof and the females: (Mgh, TA: *) but of the fem. gender: (Msb, TA:) a quasi-pl. n., (Mgh,) having no sing. (Msb, K) formed of the same radical letters: (Msb:) or the sing. is ↓ خَائِلٌ: (K:) so called because of their اِخْتِيَال, (Msb, K, * TA, *) i. e. pride and self-conceit, (Msb,) in their gait: so says AO; but ISd says that this is not well known: (TA:) or because no one rides a horse without experiencing a feeling of pride: (Er-Rághib, TA:) pl., (Msb, CK,) or pl. pl., (so in copies of the K and in the TA,) [of mult.,] خُيُولٌ (S, * Msb, K) and خِيُولٌ and [pl. of pauc.] أَخْيَالٌ. (K.) And the dual form is used, [although خَيْلٌ has a pl. signification,] like as are [the duals إِبِلَانِ and غَنَمَانِ and] لِقَاحَانِ and جِمَالَانِ. (ISd, TA.) One says, فُلَانٌ لَاتُسَايَرُ خَيْلَاهُ, or لَاتُوَاقَفُ, (K, TA,) and لَاتُسَايَرُ خَيْلَاهُ وَلَا تُوَاقَفُ, (TA, and so in the CK,) [Such a one, his two troops of horses will not be competed with in going, or running, nor in standing still,] meaning (tropical:) he is not to be endured in respect of calumny and lying: (K, TA:) it is said of a great, or frequent, liar. (TA in art. سير.) And الخَيْلُ أَعْلَمُ مِنْ فُرْسَانِهَا [The horses are more knowing than their riders]; (Meyd, K;) a prov., (Meyd,) applied in relation to him of whom thou formest an opinion (Meyd, K, TA) that he possesses, or possesses not, what suffices, (TA,) and whom thou findest to be as thou thoughtest, (Meyd, K, TA,) or the contrary. (Meyd.) And الخَيْلُ أَعْلَمُ بَفُرْسَانِهَا [The horses are possessed of most knowledge of their riders]; a prov., meaning (assumed tropical:) seek thou aid of him who knows the case, or affair. (Meyd.) And الخَيْلُ تَجْرِى عَلَى مَسَاوِيهَا, another prov. [explained in art. سوأ]. (Meyd.) b2: Also Horsemen, or riders on horses. (S, Msb, K.) Thus in the Kur [xvii. 66], وَأَجْلِبْ عَلَيْهِمْ بِخَيْلِكَ وَ رَجْلِكَ. (S. [See 1 in art. جلب.]) A2: See also خُيَلَآءُ.

خَيَلٌ: see خُيَلَآءُ.

خَيْلَةٌ: see خُيَلَآءُ.

خِيلَةٌ: see خُيَلَآءُ.

خَيَلَةٌ: see خُيَلَآءُ.

خَيْلِىٌّ An equerry; one who has the superintendence of horses. (TA.) خُيَلَآءُ (S, Msb, K, &c.) and ↓ خِيَلَآءُ (S, Sgh, TA) and ↓ خَالٌ (S, K) and ↓ خَيْلٌ, (K, TA,) or ↓ خَيَلٌ, (CK,) and ↓ خَيْلَةٌ, (K, TA,) or ↓ خَيَلَةٌ, (CK,) or ↓ خِيلَةٌ, (JK,) and ↓ مَخِيلَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ أَخْيَلُ, (Lth, JK, K,) [of all which the first is the most common,] Pride (S, Msb, K) and self-conceit; (Msb;) [or vanity; i. e.] pride arising from some fancied, or imaginary, excellence in oneself. (TA.) One says, هُوَ ذُو خُيَلَآءَ &c. He is possessed of pride [and self-conceit, or vanity]. (S.) خِيَلَآءَ: see what next precedes.

خَيَالٌ primarily signifies An incorporeal form or image; such as that which is imaged in sleep, and in the mirror, and in the heart or mind: then applied to the form of anything imaged; and to any subtile thing of a similar kind: (Er-Rághib, TA:) anything that one sees like a shadow: and the image of a man in a mirror, (T, Msb, TA,) and in water, (Msb,) and in sleep: (T, TA:) and a thing that sometimes passes by one, resembling a shadow: (T, Msb, TA:) خَيَالٌ and ↓ خَيَالَةٌ both signify the same; (JK, S, K;) i. e. i. q. طَيْفٌ [meaning an apparition; a phantom; a spectre; a fancied image; an imaginary form; and particularly a form that is seen in sleep]; (S, TA;) anything that one sees like a shadow [as the former word is explained above]; and a thing that is seen in sleep; (JK;) a form that is imaged to one in the mind when awake, and when dreaming: (K:) the former word is both masc. and fem.: (Ham p. 316:) pl. أَخِيلَةٌ (K) [a pl. of pauc.; and probably خِيلَانٌ also, as a pl. of mult., mentioned as one of the pls. of خَيَالٌ in another sense, below]. You say, تَخَيَّلَ لِى

خَيَالُهُ [His apparition, or phantom, &c., became imaged to me in my mind]. (Msb, TA.) And a poet says, (S,) namely, El-Bohturee, (TA,) فَلَسْتُ بِنَازِلٍ إِلَّا أَلَمَّتْ الكَذُوبُ ↓ بِرَحْلِى أَوْ خَيَالَتُهَا [And I do not alight but she visits my abode, or her false apparition]. (S.) b2: [In philosophy it signifies] A faculty that retains what the fancy perceives of the forms of objects of sense after the substance has become absent, so that the fancy beholds them whenever it turns towards them: thus it is the store-house of the fancy: its place is the hinder part of the first venter of [the three which are comprised by] the brain. (KT. [In this sense, it is incorrectly written in Freytag's Lex. (in which only the Arabic words of the explanation are given, preceded by the rendering “ phantasia,”) خِيالٌ.]) b3: The خَيَال of a bird is The shadow of himself which a bird sees when rising into the sky; whereupon he pounces down upon it, thinking it to be a prey, and finds it to be nothing: he is [the bird] called خَاطِفُ ظِلِّهِ. (TA.) b4: خَيَالٌ and ↓ خَيَالَةٌ signify also The person, or body, or corporeal form or figure which one sees from a distance, syn. شَخْصٌ, (S, K,) of a man; and his aspect. (K.) b5: And the former also signifies A piece of wood with black garments upon it, (S,) or with a black [garment of the kind called] كِسَآء upon it, (K,) which is set up to make the beasts and birds fancy it to be a man: (S, K:) or a piece of wood with a garment thrown upon it, which is set up for the sake of the sheep or goats, in order that the wolf, seeing it, may think it to be a man: (T, TA:) pl. [of pauc.]

أَخِيلَةٌ (Ks, TA) and [of mult.] خِيلَانٌ. (TA.) A poet says, أَخِى لَا أَخَا لِى غَيْرُهُ غَيْرَ أَنَّنِى

كَرَاعِى خَيَالٍ يَسْتَطِيفُ بِلَافِكْرِ (S, TA) [cited by J as an ex. of خيال in the former of the senses explained in the sentence immediately preceding: but the meaning seems to be, My brother: I have no brother but he: but I am like one watching an image dressed up to decoy; going round about without reflection: for,] as some say, (TA,) رَاعِى الخَيَالِ means the young ostrich for which the sportsman sets up a خَيَال [i. e. an image dressed up to decoy], (JK, TA,) in order that it may become familiar therewith, and the sportsman may then take it, and the young ostrich may follow him. (TA.) b6: Also A thing that is set up in land in order that it may be known to be prohibited to the public, and may not be approached. (T, Msb.) A2: and A certain plant. (K.) خُيَيْلٌ: see خَالٌ, of which it is a diminutive.

خَيَالَةٌ: see خَيَالٌ, in three places.

خَيَالِىٌّ Of, or relating to, the fancy: a rel. n. from خَيَالٌ.]

خَيَّالَةٌ Owners, or attendants, of horses. (JK, S.) [In modern Arabic, Horsemen; and a troop of horsemen.]

خَائِلٌ [act. part. n. of 1]: see مُخْتَالٌ, in two places: b2: and see خَيْلٌ, first sentence. b3: Applied to a horse, Limping, halting, or slightly lame. (JK, TA.) أَخْيَلُ More, and most, proud and self-conceited. (See also أَخْوَلُ, in art. خول.) Occurring in several provs.; as, for ex.,] أَخْيَلُ مِنْ غُرَابٍ

[More proud and self-conceited than a crow]: because the غراب is proud and self-conceited in its gait. (Meyd.) A2: See also خَيَلَآءُ.

A3: Also Having a خَال, meaning [a thing resembling] a pimple, inclining to blackness, [i. e. a mole,] upon his face: (Mgh:) or, as also ↓ مَخِيلٌ and ↓ مَخْيُولٌ (S, Msb, K) and مَخُولٌ, like مَقُولٌ, (S, Msb,) this last belonging to art. خول, as خَالٌ, whence it is derived, does in one dial., (Msb,) A man (S, Msb) having [or marked with] many خِيلَان [or moles upon his person]: (S, Msb, K: *) fem. [of the first] خَيْلَآءُ. (K.) A4: الأَخَيْلُ, (S, Msb, K,) when indeterminate, [أَخَيْلٌ or أَخَيْلُ,] perfectly decl., [thus] used as a subst., but some make it imperfectly decl. both when determinate and when indeterminate, and assert it to be originally an epithet, from التَّخَيُّلُ, (S, O,) [though accord. to others it seems to be from أَخْيَلُ as meaning “ having many moles,”] A certain bird, (JK, S, Msb, K,) regarded as of evil omen, (JK, S, K,) that alights upon the rump of the camel, and is app. for that reason held to be of evil omen; (TA; [see مَخْيُولٌ;]) [applied in the present day to the green wood-pecker, picus viridis;] the صُرَد [q. v.]: (K:) or the green صُرَد: (TA:) or the شِقِرَّاق [a name likewise now applied to the green wood-pecker, and to the common roller, coracias garrula]: (Fr, S, Msb, K:) so called because upon its wings are colours differing from its general colour: (Skr, TA:) or so called because diversified with black and white: (K:) or the شَاهِين [q. v., a species of falcon]: (JK, TA, and Ham p. 705:) pl. أَخَايِلُ, (JK, T, S, Msb, TA, and Ham ubi suprà,) or خِيلٌ. (K.) أُخَايِلٌ: see مُخْتَالٌ, in two places.

مَخِيلٌ: see its fem., with ة, in the next following paragraph, in three places: A2: and see also أَخْيَلُ.

مُخِيلٌ A thing dubious, confused, or vague. (TA.) b2: Exhibiting a خَيَالِ [or fancied image, or rather a خَال or مَخِيلَة, i. e. an indication, &c., (see 4,) of anything, as, for instance,] of good [and of evil]. (TA.) You say شَىْءٌ مُخِيلٌ

إِلَىالخَيْرِ, and المَكْرُوهِ, A thing exhibiting an indication, or indications, of good, and of evil, or what is disliked or hated. (Msb.) Hence, (TA,) هُوَ مُخِيلٌ لِلْخَيْرِ, (S, TA,) said of a man, (S,) He is adapted or disposed by nature to good [i. e. to be, or to do, or to effect, or to produce, what is good]. (S, TA. [See also مَخِيلٌ in art. خول.]) And سَحَابَةٌ مُخِيلَةٌ (JK, Msb, K) and ↓ مُخَيِّلَةٌ (K, TA, in the CK مُخَيَّلَةٌ) and ↓ مُخَيِّلٌ and ↓ مُخْتَالَةٌ (K) and مخايلة [i. e. ↓ مُخَايِلَةٌ] (Har p. 36) and ↓ مَخِيلَةٌ (Msb [but see what follows]) A cloud thought [or expected] to rain, (JK, Msb, K, TA, and Har ubi suprà,) when seen, (TA, and Har,) because showing signs of rain: مُخِيلَةٌ, with damm, being an act. part. n., as meaning causing to think; and ↓ مَخِيلَةٌ, with fet-h, being a pass. part. n., as meaning thought: and in like manner, accord. to Az, سَمَآءٌ مُخِيلَةٌ and ↓ مَخِيلَةٌ, meaning a clouded sky: (Msb:) or you say ↓ مَخِيلَةٌ, with fet-h, when [you use the subst.] meaning a cloud itself [showing signs of rain]; and its pl. is مَخَايِلُ: (T, TA: see خَالٌ, in the former half of the paragraph:) and سَحَابَةٌ مُخِيلَةٌ لِلْمَطَرِ a cloud giving hope of rain. (S.) See also خَالٌ, in two places, in the former half of the paragraph. You say also, السَّمَآءُ مُخِيلَةٌ لِلْمَطَرِ, meaning The sky is ready to rain. (Har p. 36.) b3: اِمْرَأَةٌ مُخِيلَةٌ A woman having no husband. (JK.) مَخِيلَةٌ as fem. of the pass. part. n. مَخِيلٌ: see مُخِيلٌ, in three places. b2: As a subst.: see, again, مُخِيلٌ. And see خَالٌ, mentioned a second time in the former half of the paragraph. b3: Hence, A great banner or ensign; as likened to a cloud that fails not to fulfil its promise of rain. (JK.) b4: Also An indication; a symptom; a sign, mark, or token, by which the existence of a thing is known or inferred; syn. شِيَةٌ (JK) and مَظِنَّةٌ; (TA;) and so ↓ خَالٌ, q. v.: (JK:) pl. of the former مَخَايِلُ: originally used in relation to a cloud in which rain is thought to be. (TA.) Yousay, ظَهَرَتْ فِيهِ مَخَايِلُ النَّجَابَةِ, i. e. The indications &c. [of generosity, or nobility, appeared in him]. (TA.) b5: You say also, of a cloud (سَحَابَة), مَا

أَحْسَنَ مَخِيلَتَهَا and ↓ خَالَهَا How good is its [apparent] disposition to rain! (S, TA.) b6: See also خُيَلَآءُ.

مُخَيَّلٌ [A thing imaged to one by the mind or by a case; or fancied]. You say, فُلَانٌ يَمْضِى

عَلَى المُخَيَّلِ; explained above: see 2. (JK, S.) And وَقَعَ فِى مُخَيَّلَى كَذَا [Such a thing occurred in what was imagined, or fancied, by me], and فِىمُخَيَّلَاتِى [among the things imagined, or fancied, by me]. (TA.) مُخَيِّلٌ; and its fem., with ة: see مُخِيلٌ.

مَخْيوُلٌ: see أَخْيَلُ.

A2: Also A camel lacerated in his rump by a bird of the kind called أَخْيَل that has alighted upon it. (TA.) b2: And hence, (assumed tropical:) A man whose reason has fled in consequence of fright: a sense in which it is used by the vulgar; but correct. (TA.) سَحَابَةٌ مُخَايِلَةٌ: see مُخِيلٌ.

مُخْتَالٌ and ↓ خَائِلٌ (S, K) and ↓ خَالٌ and ↓ خَالٍ, which is formed by transposition, (K,) and ↓ أُخَايِلٌ, (S, K,) like أُدَابِرٌ and أُبَاتِرٌ, (S,) which are [said to be] the only other epithets of this measure, (TA,) [i. e. of the measure أُفَاعِلٌ, though there are many of the measure فُعَالِلٌ,] applied to a man, Proud (S, K, TA) and self-conceited: [or vain:] (TA in explanation of all, and K in explanation of خَالٌ:] or ↓ خَالٌ signifies having much خُيَلَآء [or pride and self-conceit, or vanity]: and ↓ أُخَايِلٌ one who walks with a proud and self-conceited gait, with an affected inclining of his body from side to side: (JK:) ↓ خَائِلٌ has for its pl. خَالَةٌ; (S, TA;) which is also fem. of ↓ خَالٌ. (TA.) b2: See also مُخِيلٌ.

أَرْضٌ مُتَخَيَّلَةٌ (assumed tropical:) Land having its plants, or herbage, in a state of full maturity, and in blossom; (JK, S;) as also ↓ مُتَخَايِلَةٌ. (S.) أَرْضٌ مُتَخَايِلَةٌ: see what next precedes.

شر

ى1 شَرَاهُ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. ـِ (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. شِرًى (S, Mgh, Msb, TA) and شِرَآءٌ, (S, * Mgh, Msb, * TA,) the former inf. n. the more in repute, (Msb, TA,) and this is of the dial. of Nejd, the latter being of the dial. of El-Hijáz, or the latter may be said to be with medd for the purpose of assimilating it to a preceding word, accord. to El-Munádee, or it may be regarded as an inf. n. of شَارَاهُ, (TA,) i. q. بَاعَهُ [in the sense in which this is generally used, i. e. He sold it]; (S, Mgh, K;) he gave it for a price: (Msb:) and i. q. ↓ اِشْتَرَاهُ [in the sense in which this is generally used, i. e. he bought it]; (S, Mgh;) i. e. شَرَاهُ signifies also he took it, or acquired it, for a price: (Msb:) or this and ↓ اشتراه both signify بَاعَهُ [as meaning he sold it]; (T, * K, TA;) but the former is more used than the latter in this sense: (T, TA:) and both signify also [he bought it; i. e.] he possessed it by sale; (K;) which is the more usual meaning of the latter: (T, TA:) thus the former has two contr. meanings, (S, Msb, K,) and the latter also: (K:) for the two persons selling and buying sell and buy the price and the thing upon which the price is put; so that each of the things given in exchange is sold in one point of view and bought in another. (Msb, TA.) It is said in the Kur [ii. 203], وَمِنَ النَّاسِ مَنْ يَشْرِى

نَفْسَهُ ابْتِغَآءَ مَرْضَاةِ اللّٰهِ i. e. [And of men is he] who sells [himself in the endeavour to obtain the approval of God]. (S, * TA.) And in the same, [xii. 20], وَشَرَوْهُ بِثَمَنٍ بَخْسٍ i. e. And they sold him [for a deficient, or an insufficient, price]. (S, TA.) And in the same [ii. 15], أُولَائِكَ الَّذِينَ الضَّلَالَةَ بِالْهُدَى ↓ اشْتَرَوُا, originally اشْتَرَيُوا, (S,) [lit. Those are they who have purchased error with right direction,] meaning, (tropical:) who have taken الضلالة in exchange for الهدى: (Ksh, Bd, Jel:) or (tropical:) who have preferred الضلالة to الهدى: (Ksh, Bd:) [for] of any one who relinquishes a thing and lays hold upon another thing, one says اشتراه; (K, TA;) which is thus tropically used [as meaning (tropical:) he took it in exchange بِغَيْرِهِ by giving up another thing]; (TA;) and hence this saying in the Kur-án. (K, TA.) b2: [Hence,] شَرَى بِنَفْسِهِ عَنِ القَوْمِ (tropical:) He advanced before the people, or party, (K, TA,) to their enemy, (TA,) and fought in defence of them: or (tropical:) he advanced to the Sultán, and spoke for the people: (K, TA:) [as though he sold himself for them; the ب in بنفسه being app. redundant:] or, as in the Tekmileh, شَرَى بِنَفْسِهِ إِلَى القَوْمِ (tropical:) he advanced to the people, or party, and fought them. (TA.) b3: And شَرَى

فُلَانًا, (K,) inf. n. شِرًى, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) He mocked at, scoffed at, laughed at, derided, or ridiculed, such a one: (K:) [and] so ↓ شَرَّاهُ. (TA voce جَدَّعَهُ [q. v.: thus there written, perhaps for the purpose of assimilating it to جَدَّعَهُ].) b4: And i. q. أَرْغَمَهُ (assumed tropical:) [He angered such a one; or did evil to him, and angered him]: (Lh, K, TA:) and so أَوْرَمَهُ, and غَطَاهُ [or perhaps عَظَاهُ, for both are expl. alike]: all said of God. (Lh, TA.) And فَعَلَ بِهِ مَا شَرَاهُ (assumed tropical:) He did to him that which occasioned evil to him; or that which displeased, grieved, or vexed, him; syn. سَآءَهُ. (TA.) And لَحَاهُ اللّٰهُ وَشَرَاهُ (assumed tropical:) [May God remove him far from good or prosperity, or curse him, and do evil to him, or displease or grieve or vex him]. (TA.) A2: شَرَى اللّٰهُ فُلَانًا, (K,) inf. n. شِرًى, (TA,) also signifies God smote him, or may God smite him, with the eruption termed شَرًى [q. v.]. (K, TA.) A3: and شَرَاهُ, (K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. شِرًى, (TA,) i. q. شَرَّرَهُ, (K, TA,) i. e. He spread it [to dry]; (TA;) [in copies of the K, in art. شر, written, in this sense, ↓ شَرَّاهُ;] namely, flesh-meat, and a garment, or piece of cloth, and [the preparation of curd called]

أَقِط. (K.) A4: شَرِىَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. شَرًى, (S, K,) said of lightning, (S, K, &c.,) It shone, or gleamed, much: (S:) or it shone, or gleamed, (K, TA,) and spread in the face of the clouds, or, as in the T, became dispersed in the face of the clouds: (TA:) and ↓ اشرى signifies the same; (K;) or it shone, or gleamed, consecutively: the latter verb mentioned by Sgh. (TA.) b2: and hence, (S,) said of the nose-rein of a camel, (S, TA,) It was, or became, in a state of commotion, (TA,) or, of much commotion. (S, TA.) [See also 12.]) b3: Also, (K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (TA,) He (a man) was, or became, angry: (K, TA:) or he was, or became, flurried by reason of anger. (S, TA.) b4: And, said of evil, or mischief, It spread, بَيْنَهُمْ among them: (K, TA:) or became great, or formidable; and in like manner said of an affair, or event. (Nh, TA. [See also 10.]) b5: Also, and ↓ استشرى, He (a man, S) persisted, or persevered, (S, K,) in an affair, (S,) or in his error, and his corrupt conduct: and the former, said of a man, is like غَرِىَ in measure and meaning [i. e. he persisted, or persevered, in his anger]. (TA.) One says of a horse, شَرِىَ فِى

سَيْرِهِ, (S, K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) He per-sisted, or persevered, in his pace, or going; as also ↓ استشرى: (S:) or he exceeded the usual bounds therein, (K, TA,) and went on without languor: (TA:) and فِى عَدْوِهِ ↓ استشرى he (i. e. a horse) persisted, or persevered, in his running: (Mgh:) and شَرِىَ فِى لِجَامِهِ he (a horse) strained his bridle. (A, TA.) And شَرِيَتْ عَيْنُهُ بِالدَّمْعِ His eye persisted, or persevered, in the shedding of tears, the tears pouring forth consecutively. (TA.) A5: And شَرِىَ, (S, K, TA,) aor. ـَ inf. n. شَرًى, (K, * TA,) He, (TA,) or his skin, broke out with the eruption termed شَرًى [q. v.]. (S, K, TA.) 2 شَرَّىَ see the preceding paragraph, in two places.3 شَارَاهُ, inf. n. مُشَارَاةٌ and شِرَآءٌ, i. q. بَايَعَهُ [as signifying He sold and bought with him: and he bartered, or exchanged commodities, with him: that شاراه has both of these meanings (like بايعه) is shown by the fact that مُشَارَاةٌ is also expl. in the TA, on the authority of Er-Rághib, as signifying the same as قِبَاضٌ]. (K.) b2: Also, (Mgh,) inf. n. مُشَارَاةٌ, (TA,) He persisted in contention, litigation, or wrangling: (Mgh:) one says, هُوَ يُشَارِيهِ (T, M, K) He persists in contention, litigation, or wrangling, with him: (M, TA:) or he contends in altercation, disputes, or litigates, with him; or does so vehemently, or obstinately; syn. يُجَادِلُهُ: (K, TA:) and it is said of the Prophet, in a trad., كَانَ لَا يُشَارِى وَلَا يُمَارِى [He used not to persist in contention, &c.]: (Mgh, TA:) meaning accord. to Th, بِالشَّرِّ ↓ كَانَ لَا يَسْتَشْرِى [he used not to persist, or persevere, with evil conduct]: (TA:) from اِسْتَشْرَى فِى عَدْوِهِ [expl. above (see 1 near the end)] as said of a horse: (Mgh:) or, accord. to Az, (TA,) originally يُشَارِرُ; one of the رs being changed into ى. (K, * TA. [See 3 in art. شر: and see also 3 in art. جرى.]) 4 اشرى, said of lightning: see 1, latter half. b2: Said of a camel, He sped, or went quickly. (IKtt, TA.) b3: اشرى بَيْنَهُمْ He excited discord, strife, or animosity, between them, or among them. (Az, K.) b4: اشرى الحَمَلُ (K accord. to the CK, [which, I think, evidently gives the right reading,] in the TA and in my MS. copy of the K الجمل,) i. q. تَفَلَّقَتْ عَقِيقَتُهُ [i. e. The lamb had its wool cleaving open, or becoming cleft]: (K: [Freytag, following the TK, and reading الحِمْلُ, explains the verb as said of fruit, and meaning “ diffissos habuit nucleos; ” but I cannot find any authority for the signification that he thus assigns to عَقيقة:]) mentioned by Sgh. (TA.) b5: اشرت الشَّجَرَةُ The plant [crept upon the ground, or] was like the cucumber and the melon; as also ↓ استشرت. (TA.) b6: See also 5.

A2: اشراهُ He filled it; (S, K;) namely, a watering-trough: and in like manner اشرى جَفْنَةً he filled a bowl, (S,) or جِفَانَهُ his bowls for the guests. (TA.) b2: And He made it to incline, (K, TA,) فِى نَاحِيَةِ كَذَا [in the direction of such a thing]. (TA.) Hence the saying of a poet, وَأَنَّنِى حَيْثُمَا يُشْرِى الهَوَى بَصَرِى

مِنْ حَوْثَمَا سَلَكُوا أَدْنُو فَأَنْظُورُ [And that I, wherever love makes my eye, or eyes, to incline, wherever they travel, approach and look: فانظور being for فَأَنْظُرُ]: or, as some relate it, أَثْنِى فَأَنْظُورُ [i. e. turn myself, or my eyes, and look]. (TA.) b3: [Also He put it in motion; namely, a bridle. (Freytag, from the Deewán of the Hudhalees.)]5 تشرّى It became scattered, or dispersed: (K:) accord. to the M, said in this sense of a company of men. (TA.) b2: Also, said of a man, (S,) or of a party, or company of men, (TA,) He, or they, became like the شُرَاة [pl. of شَارٍ q. v.] in his, or their, actions; (S, * TA;) and so ↓ اشرى. (IAth, TA.) 6 تَشَارَيَا They sued each other; or cited each other before a judge; syn. تَقَاضَيَا. (A, TA.) 8 إِشْتَرَىَ see the first paragraph, in three places.10 استشرى: see 1, latter part, in three places: and see 3. b2: Also He persisted, or persevered, in consideration, or examination. (TA.) b3: and استشرى فِى دِينِهِ He strove, or exerted himself, or was diligent, or studious, and was careful, or mindful, or regardful, in his religion. (TA.) b4: And استشرت الأُمُورُ بَيْنَهُمْ The affairs, or events, were, or became, great, or formidable, between them, or among them. (K, * TA. [See also شَرِىَ.]) b5: And see 4.12 اِشْرَوْرَى It was, or became, in a state of commotion. (K. [See also شَرِىَ.]) شَرْىٌ The colocynth: (S, K:) or it signifies, (K,) or signifies also, (S,) the plant thereof: (S, K:) n. un. with ة: (S:) and ↓ شَرْيَانٌ also signifies the colocynth; as a dial. var. of شَرْىٌ: or the leaves thereof. (TA.) One says, هُوَ أَحْلَى مِنَ الأَرْىِ وَأَمَرُّ مِنَ الشَّرْىِ [He, or it, is sweeter than honey and more bitter than colocynth]. (TA.) And فُلَانٌ لَهُ طَعْمَانِ أَرْىٌ وَشَرْىٌ [Such a one has two flavours, that of honey and that of colocynth]. (S, TA.) b2: And Any kind of plant that spreads upon the ground, running [or creeping] and extending; such as the melon and the cucumber. (AHn, O voce سُطَّاحٌ, q. v., and TA * in the present art.) b3: And Palm-trees that grow from the datestones: (K:) and with ة [as the n. un.] one of such palm-trees. (S.) b4: And, accord. to IJ, A kind of tree of which bows are made. (L voce حَتٌّ, q. v. [See also شِرْيَانٌ.]) A2: See also شَرًى.

A3: And see شَرْوَى.

شَرًى A road, (K, TA,) in a general sense. (TA.) And, (K,) with the article ال, [particularly] A road of Selmà, (S, K, TA,) the mountain so called, (TA,) abounding with lions: (S, K, TA:) whence they say of courageous men, مَا هُمْ

إِلَّا أُسُودُ الشَّرَى [They are no other than the lions of Esh-Sharà]. (TA.) b2: And i. q. نَاحِيَةٌ [as meaning An adjacent tract or region]; (S, K;) as also ↓ شَرَآءٌ: (K:) accord. to some, of the right hand: (TA:) pl. أَشْرَآءٌ. (S, K.) Hence, شَرَى

الفُرَاتِ The adjacent tract (نَاحِيَة) of the Euphrates: (TA:) and أَشْرَآءُ الحَرَمِ the adjacent tracts of the Sacred Territory; syn. نَوَاحِيهِ. (S.) b3: And A mountain. (K.) A2: Also The bad, or worse, or worst, of cattle: accord. to J, [in the S,] ↓ شَرْىٌ, [said in the S to be like شَوَى المَالِ,] which is [said to be] a mistake: (K:) but ElBedr El-Karáfee questions it being so: (TA:) and the good, or better, or best, thereof; as also ↓ شَرَاةٌ: thus having two contr. significations: (K:) and so says ISk: but ISd says that إِبِلٌ

↓ شَرَاةٌ, like سَرَاةٌ, means choice camels. (TA.) A3: And A certain eruption upon the body, resembling dirhems: (TA:) or small pimples or purulent pustules, having a burning property: (S:) or small pimples or purulent pustules, red, itching, and distressing, generally originating at once, (K, TA,) but sometimes gradually, (TA,) and becoming [more] severe by night in consequence of a hot vapour breaking forth at once upon the body: (K, TA:) thus in the “ Kánoon ” of Ibn-Seenà [or Avicenna]. (TA.) A4: ذُو الشَّرَى A certain idol of [the tribe of] Dows (دَوْس), (K, TA,) in the Saráh (السَّرَاة): so says Nasr. (TA.) شَرٍ Having the eruption termed شَرًى, described in the next preceding paragraph. (S, K.) شِرًى, (S, TA,) an inf. n. of شَرَى, aor. ـْ (TA,) [when used as a simple subst., signifying A sale and also a purchase,] has أَشْرِيَةٌ for its pl., which, as pl. of a sing. of the measure فِعَلٌ, is anomalous. (S, TA.) شَرَاةٌ: see شَرًى, in two places.

شَرَآءٌ: see شَرًى.

شَرِىٌّ Sold: and also bought: applied in this sense to a male slave; and شَرِيَّةٌ to a female slave. (Msb.) b2: Also A horse that persists, or perseveres, in his pace, or going: (S:) or that exceeds the usual bounds therein, (K, TA,) and goes on without languor: (TA:) or a choice horse: (A, TA:) or an excellent, choice horse. (TA.) شَرِيَّةٌ A way, course, mode, or manner, of acting or conduct or the like: and a nature; or a natural, a native, or an innate, disposition or temper or the like. (K.) A2: Also, of women, Such as bring forth females. (K.) One says, تَزَوَّجَ فِى شَرِيَّةِ نِسَآءٍ He married among women such as bring forth females. (TA.) شَرْوَى, in which the و is a substitute for ى, as it is in تَقْوَى and the like, (TA,) The like (S, K) of a thing: (S:) because a thing is sometimes bought with the like thereof: (TA:) [used alike as sing. and pl.: and, accord. to the TA, it seems that ↓ شَرْىٌ signifies the same.] It is said of Shureyh, كَانَ يُضَمِّنُ القَصَّارَ شَرْوَى الثَّوْبِ الَّذِى

أَهْلَكَهُ [He used to make the washer responsible for the like of the garment, or piece of cloth, that he destroyed]. (TA.) And it is said in a trad. of 'Omar, relating to the [collecting of the] poorrate, فَلَا يَأْخُذُ إِلَّا تِلْكَ السِّنَّ مِنْ شَرْوَى إِبِلِهِ [i. e. And he shall not take any save of that age, of the likes of his camels]. (TA.) شِرَوِىٌّ, in which the و is a substitute for ى, and ↓ شِرَائِىٌّ, [both signifying Of, or relating to, selling, and also of, or relating to, buying,] are rel. ns.; the former, of the inf. n. شِرًى; and the latter, of the inf. n. شِرَآءٌ. (Msb, TA.) شَرْيَانٌ see شَرْىٌ: b2: and see what next follows.

شِرْيَانٌ and ↓ شَرْيَانٌ, (S, K,) the former of which is the more in repute, (TA,) the former said to be quasi-quadriliteral, like جِرْيَالٌ, [and therefore mentioned also in the TA in art. شرن,] but held by IB to be of the measure فِعْلَانٌ, (TA in art. شرن,) A kind of tree, (S, K, TA,) of the عِضَاه [q. v.] of the mountains, (TA,) of which bows are made: (S, K, TA:) n. un. with ة: the tree thus called grows in the manner, and of the height and width, of the [species of lote-tree called] سِدْر, and has a yellow, sweet نَبِقَة [or drupe]: so says AHn: and he adds, Aboo-Ziyád says, bows are made of the شريان, and the bow made thereof is good, but black tinged with redness; its wood being of those woods of which good bows are [commonly] made; and they assert that it seldom, or never, becomes crooked: Mbr says that the نَبْع and شَوْحَط [q. v.] and شريان are one kind of tree, but differing in name and estimation according to the places of growth; such thereof as is upon the summit of the mountain being the نبع; and such as is at the base, or foot, or lowest or lower part, thereof, the شريان. (TA. [But see شَوْحَطٌ.]) b2: Also sing. of شَرَايِينُ signifying The arteries; i. e. the pulsing veins; (S, K;) which spring from the heart: (S:) but the anatomists assert that they spring from the liver, and pass by the heart. (TA.) b3: شِرْيَانٌ, with kesr, signifies also A crack, or fissure, [in a rock,] such as is termed ثَتٌّ. (Az, TA.) شِرَائِىٌّ: see شِرَوِىٌّ.

شَارٍ Selling, or a seller: (Mgh, TA:) and buying, or a buyer: as also ↓ مُشْتَرٍ [in both senses, but generally in the latter sense; whereas شَارٍ is generally used in the former sense]: (TA:) pl. of the former شُرَاةٌ. (Mgh.) b2: Also, (S, TA,) and ↓ شَارِىٌّ, in which latter the ى is not the ى of a rel. n. but is an affix corroborative of the epithet, as in the cases of أَحْوَرُ and أَحْوَرِىٌّ [or أَحْمَرُ and أَحْمَرِىٌّ] and صُلَّبٌ and صُلَّبِىٌّ, (TA,) One of the people to whom is applied the appellation الشُّرَاةُ, (S, TA,) which means the [heretics, or schismatics, commonly known by the name of] خَوَارِج [pl. of خَارِجِىٌّ, q. v.]: (S, M, Mgh, K, &c.:) so called because they said, We have sold ourselves in obedience to God, i. e., for Paradise, when we separated ourselves from the erring Imáms: (S:) or because they sold themselves for the sake of what they believed: or because they said, Verily God has purchased us and our possessions: (Mgh:) but ISk says, because of their vehement hatred of the Muslims: and the author of the K says that it is from شَرِىَ signifying “ he was angry,” and “ he persisted, or persevered; ” and he charges J with error in his explaining it as above, from their saying “ we have sold ourselves ” &c.; but this charge is senseless, for J has followed herein more than one of the leading authorities: the author of the K has followed ISd, who, however, adds, as to themselves, they say “ We are the شُرَاة ” because of the saying in the Kur ii. 203 [cited in the first paragraph of this art.], and the saying [in ix. 112] “ Verily God hath purchased, of the believers, themselves ”

[&c.]; and the like is said in the Nh, with this addition, that شُرَاةٌ is the pl. of شَارٍ; i. e., it is from شَرَى, aor. ـْ or it may be from المُشَارَاةُ meaning المُلَاجَّةُ: moreover, the part. n. of شَرِىَ is شَرٍ; and this has not شُرَاةٌ for its pl. (TA.) شَارِىٌّ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مُشْتَرٍ: see شَارٍ.

A2: المُشْتَرِى A certain star, (S, K,) well-known; (K;) [Jupiter;] one of the Seven Stars. (TA.) A3: And A certain bird. (K.)

رهن

1 رَهَنَ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (Msb,) inf. n. رَهْنٌ, (S, TA,) or رُهُونٌ, (Msb,) It (a thing, S, Msb, TA) continued, subsisted, lasted, endured, remained, or remained fixed or stationary; it was, or became, permanent, constant, firm, steady, stead fast, stable, fixed, fast, settled, or established. (S, Mgh, Msb, K, TA.) This is the primary signification. (Mgh, TA. *) b2: Hence, (Mgh,) رَهَنَ بِالمَكَانِ (tropical:) He remained, stayed, dwelt, or abode, in the place. (A, Mgh, TA.) b3: And رَهَنَ, (JK, S, K,) aor. ـَ (K, TA,) or ـُ (JK, [but this I think to be a mis take,]) inf. n. رُهُونٌ, (K,) said of a man, and of a camel, (JK, S, * TA,) and of any beast (TA,) He was, or became, lean, or emaciated; (JK, S, K, TA;) and fatigued, tired, weary, or jaded. (JK, TA.) You say, رَكِبَ حَتَّى رَهَنَ He rode until he became lean, or emaciated. (ISh, TA. [See رَاهِنٌ.]) A2: As trans., see 4, first signification. b2: [Hence,] as a law term, رَهْنٌ signifies The putting, or placing, an article of real property [to remain] as a pledge, or security, or making it to be such, for a debt that is obligatory or that will become obligatory. (TA.) You say, رَهَنَهُ الشَّىْءَ, and رَهَنَهُ عِنْدَهُ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. رَهْنٌ (Msb, TA) [and رَهِينَةٌ, q. v. voce رَهْنٌ]; and ↓ ارهنهُ الشَّىْءَ; (S, K;) all signify the same; (S;) i. e. He deposited the thing with him (Msb, K) [as a pledge] to be in lieu of that which he had taken, or received, from him: (K:) [i. e. he pledged the thing to him, or with him:] and رَهَنْتُ المَتَاعَ بِالدَّيْنِ, inf. n. رَهْنٌ, I restricted the commodity or placed it in custody, for, or by reason of, the debt; and بالدين ↓ ارهنتهُ is a dial. var. thereof, but of rare occurrence, and disallowed by those who are held in esteem: (Msb:) for, properly, they say, (Msb,) زَيْدًا الثَّوْبَ ↓ أَرْهَنْتُ signifies I gave to Zeyd the garment, or piece of cloth, in order that he should deposit it as a pledge (Msb, K *) with some one. (Msb.) 'Abd-Allah Ibn Hemmám Es-Saloolee says, (S,) or Hemmám Ibn-Murrah, (TA,) مَالِكَا ↓ نَجَوْتُ وَ أَرْهَنْتُهُمْ فَلَمَّا خَشِيتُ أَظَافِيرَهُمْ [And when I dreaded their nails, I escaped, and gave them, or left with them, as a pledge, Málik]: thus, says Th, all relate the verse, except As, who says وَ أَرْهَنُهُمْ مالكا [i. e. leaving with them, as a pledge, Málik]: he likens this phrase to the say ing قُمْتُ وَ أَصُكُّ وَجْهَهُ; and this is a good way of explaining it; for the و is that which is a deno tative of state; the meaning being صَاكًّا وَجْهَهُ: [accord. to the former reading, in the opinion of Th,] the poet means I left Málik remaining with them; not as a pledge; because [when the leaving a thing as a pledge is meant, in his opinion,] one does not say, الشَّىْءَ ↓ أَرْهَنْتُ, but only رَهَنْتُهُ. (S, TA.) [See, however, 4.] You say also, رَهَنَهُ عَنْهُ, inf. n. رَهْنٌ, meaning He made him, or it, to be a pledge in lieu of him, or it: a poet, asserted by IJ to be a pagan, says, اِرْهَنْ بَنِيكَ عَنْهُمُ أَرْهَنْ بَنِىْ [Make thou thy sons to be pledges in lieu of them: in that case I will make my sons to be pledges: بَنِى being for بَنِىَّ]. (TA.) And رَهَنْتُهُ لِسَانِى (assumed tropical:) [I made my tongue to be as though it were a pledge to him, to be restrained, or to be used, for his sake or benefit]: in this case one should not say ↓ أَرْهَنْتُهُ; (IAar, K;) though one says thus of a garment, or piece of cloth, [&c.,] as well as رَهَنْتُهُ. (TA.) 3 رَاهُنْتُ فُلَانًا عَلَى كَذَا, (S, Msb,) inf. n. مُرَاهَنَةٌ, (S,) or رِهَانٌ, (Msb,) or both, (K, and so in a copy of the S,) I laid a bet, or wager, or stake, with such a one, for such a thing, (S, Msb, K, *) mostly (TA) said in relation to horses running a race, (JK, TA, *) to be taken by him who should outstrip, or overcome. (Msb.) b2: The inf. ns. also signify (tropical:) The contending [of two persons] to outstrip [in a race] upon horses, (K, TA,) and otherwise. (TA.) Hence the prov., هُمَا كَفَرَسَىْ رِهَانٍ [explained in art. فرس]. (JK.) 4 ارهن He made (a thing, Msb,) to continue, subsist, last, endure, remain, or remain fixed or stationary; to be, or become, permanent, can stant, firm, steady, steadfast, stable, fixed, fast, settled, or established; (S, * Mgh, * Msb, K; *) and so ↓ رَهَنَ; (K;) but the former is the more ap proved: (TA:) and also he found it to be so. (Msb.) You say, ارهن لَهُمُ الطَّعَامَ, (T, S, K, TA,) and الشَّرَابَ, (T, S, TA,) and المَالَ, (TA,) (tropical:) He continued, or made permanent, to them the food, (T, S, K, TA,) and the beverage, (T, S, TA,) and the property. (TA.) [And accord. to an expla nation of أُرْهِنَتْ (referring to dates), by 'Alee Ibn Hamzeh, cited in a marginal note in a copy of the S, in art. أَرْهَنَ, وهب signifies He prepared food, and continued it, or made it permanent.]

b2: [Hence ارهنهُ as used by some in another sense of رَهَنَهُ:] see 1, in six places. [That it is allowable to use it thus may be inferred from phrases here following.] b3: You say, أَرْهَنْتُ مَالِى I staked my property. (JK.) And أَرْهَنُوا بَيْنَهُمْ خَطَرًا They gave, of their own free will, what the party approved, whatever were its amount, to be to them a stake at a race. (TA.) And أَرْهَنْتُ بِهِ وَلَدِى (S, K, *) inf. n. إِرْهَانٌ, (S,) (assumed tropical:) I made my children to be as a stake for him, or it. (S, K. *) And ارهنهُ لِلْمَوْتِ (assumed tropical:) He resigned him to death. (IAar, TA.) And ارهن المَيِّتَ القَبْرَ (tropical:) He deposited the dead body in the grave [as a pledge to be rendered up on the day of resurrection]. (K, TA.) b4: Accord. to Az, (S, TA, in one copy of the S it is A'Obeyd,) أَرْهَنْتُ فِى السِّلْعَةِ signifies I bought the commodity for a dear, or an excessive, price; (S, K, TA;) gave largely for it until I obtained it: (TA:) accord. to ISk, I paid in advance for the commodity; syn. أَسْلَفْتُ; (S, TA;) and in the T it is said, [and in like manner in the JK,] that ارهن فِى كَذَا وَ كَذَا signifies اسلف فِيهِ: (TA:) [in the K it is said that أَرْهَنَهُ signifies أَسْلَفَهُ, as though it meant he lent him a sum of money &c.:] accord. to Er-Rághib, the proper meaning [of إِرْهَانٌ] is one's giving a com modity before [the full payment of] the price, and so making it to be pledged for the completion of its price. (TA.) A2: ارهنهُ also signifies He, or it, weakened him: (K:) [like أَوْهَنَهُ:] and rendered him lean, or emaciated. (TA.) And ارهن اللّٰهُ قُوَّتَهُ God weakened him; syn. أَوْهَنَهُ. (JK.) 6 تراهنا They two laid bets, wagers, or stakes, each with the other; syn. تَوَاضَعَا الرُّهُونَ. (TA.) And تراهن القَوْمُ The party contended together, every one of them laying a bet, wager, or stake, in order that the person outstripping should take the whole when he overcame. (Msb.) 8 ارتهن مِنْهُ He took, or received, from him a pledge. (K.) [Or] ارتهنهُ He took, or received, it as a pledge: (JK, Mgh:) or ارتهنهُ مِنْهُ he took, or received, it from him; namely, a pledge. (Msb.) b2: [Accord. to Freytag, ارتهنهُ بِهِ signifies He had him, or held him, as a pledge to him for it. And اُرْتُهِنَ He, or it, was given as a pledge. But for neither of these has he mentioned any authority.]10 إِسْتَرْهَنَ [استرهنهُ He asked him, or desired him, to pledge a thing with him: and, to give a pledge.] You say, اِسْتَرْهَنَنِى كَذَا فَرَهَنْتُهُ عِنْدَهُ [He asked me, or desired me, to pledge such a thing, or to deposit such a thing as a pledge, and I pledged it with him, or deposited it with him as a pledge]. (Mgh.) رَهْنٌ, originally an inf. n., (Msb,) is syn. with

↓ مَرْهُونٌ; (Mgh, Msb;) i. e. (Msb) it signifies [A pledge;] a thing deposited with a person (Msb, * K) to be in lieu of a thing that has been taken, or received, from him; (K;) or a thing that is deposited as a security for a debt: and ↓ رِهَانٌ has a similar meaning, but is specially applied to a thing that is deposited as a bet, or wager, or stake; and is likewise originally an inf. n.: (Er-Rághib, TA:) ↓ رَهِينَةٌ, also, is syn. with رَهْنٌ [as meaning the act of giving as a pledge], like as شَتِيمَةٌ is syn. with شَتْمٌ; the ة being added to give intensiveness to the significa tion: then, like رَهْنٌ, it is used as syn. with مَرْهُونٌ [in the sense explained above, as will be seen in what follows in this paragraph]; (IAth, TA;) [i. e.] رَهِينَةٌ is an inf. n. like شَتِيمَةٌ, applied to denote the pass. part. n. [used as a subst. pro perly so termed] like رَهْنٌ, not as an epithet; (Bd in lxxiv. 41;) [or, in other words,] رَهِينَةٌ signifies anything by reason of which a thing [such as a debt or the like] is restricted, or appro priated, to oneself; as also ↓ مُرْتَهَنَةٌ: (K: [I here follow two copies of the K, in which it is said, كُلُّ مَا احْتُبِسَ بِهِ شَىْءٌ فَرَهِينَةٌ وَ مُرْتَهَنَةٌ: in the CK, and in the copy of the K followed in the TA, فَرَهِينُهُ وَ مُرْتَهَنُهُ, which perverts the meaning, though ↓ رَهِينٌ and ↓ مُرْتَهَنٌ may be used in the same sense as رَهِينَةٌ and مُزْتَهَنَةٌ, as will be seen in the course of this paragraph: and in the TA, in the place of احْتُبِسَ, is put يحبس, meaning يُحْبَسُ: there is, however, this difference between ↓ رَهِينَةٌ and ↓ مُرْتَهَنَةٌ; that the former properly signifies a thing deposited as a pledge; and the latter, a thing taken, or received, as a pledge:]) the pl. of رَهْنٌ is رِهَانٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and رُهُونٌ (Mgh, Msb, K) and رُهُنٌ, (Mgh, K,) this last said to be a pl. of رَهْنٌ by Aboo-' Amr Ibn-El-' Alà, but disap proved by Akh, because a word of the measure فَعْلٌ has not a pl. of the measure فُعُلٌ except in rare and anomalous instances, though he says that it may be [as it is said to be in the Msb] pl. of رِهَانٌ, which is pl. of رَهْنٌ, (S,) and Fr says that رُهُنٌ is pl. of رِهَانٌ, but this is denied in the M, because any pl. may not be pluralized except when there is express authority for it and when the case does not admit of any other decision; (TA;) and رُهْنٌ, also, is another pl. of رَهْنٌ, (TA,) [or rather it is a contraction of رُهُنٌ;] and another pl. of رَهْنٌ [or rather a quasi-pl. n.] is ↓ رَهِينٌ, (IJ, K,) like as عَبِيدٌ is of عَبْدٌ: (TA:) the pl. of ↓ رَهِينَةٌ is رَهَائِنُ. (S, K.) غَلِقَ الرَّهْنُ بِمَا فِيهِ. [The pledge became, or has become, per manent as a possession, with what was, or is, comprised in it,] is a prov., applied to him who has fallen into a case from which he cannot hope to escape: it is said in a trad., لَا يَغْلَقُِ الرَّهْنُ, (Meyd,) [i. e. The pledge shall not remain, or let not the pledge remain, in the hand of its receiver when its depositer is able to release it; for] لا is here either negative or prohibitive: you say, غَلِقَ الرَّهْنُ, aor. ـْ inf. n. غُلُوقٌ [or غَلَقٌ], meaning The pledge remained in the hand of the receiver when the depositor was able to release it: (Nh, cited in a copy of the “ Jámi' es-Sagheer: ”) the trad. means that the receiver of the pledge shall not have a right to it when the depositer has not released it within a certain time: for it was a custom in the Time of Ignorance for the receiver to keep possession of the pledge in this case; but El-Islám abolished it. (Meyd, * Nh.) Yousay also, هُوَ رَهْنٌ بِكَذَا and بكذا ↓ رَهِينَةٌ He, or it, is [a person, or thing,] pledged for such a thing: (IAth, TA:) or taken [as a pledge] for such a thing; as also ↓ رَهِينٌ and ↓ مُرْتَهَنٌ. (TA.) and أَنَا رَهْنٌ بِكَذَا and ↓ رَهِينٌ and ↓ رَهِينَةٌ I am taken [as a pledge] for such a thing. (Mgh.) and [hence,] أَنَا لَكَ رَهْنٌ بِكَذَا (JK, TA) and ↓ رَهِينَةٌ (TA) I am responsible, or a surety, to thee for such a thing. (JK, TA.) And بِقَيْدِهِ ↓ رِجْلُهُ رَهِينَةٌ [His leg, or foot, is a pledge for the safe-keeping of his shackle: for if the meaning were مَرْهُونَةٌ it would be رَهِينٌ, without ة]. (TA.) And الخَلْقُ المَوْتِ ↓ رَهَائِنُ [Mankind, or all created beings, are the pledges of death]. (TA.) And هُوَ رَهْنُ يَدِ المَنِيَّةِ [He is the pledge of the hand of death, or of fate, or destiny]; said of one when he has sought, or courted, death. (TA.) And يَدِى لَكَ رَهْنٌ [My hand is a pledge to thee]; by which is meant responsibility, or suretiship. (TA.) and قَبْرٍ ↓ إِنَّهُ لَرَهِينُ [Verily he is the pledge of a grave, which will render him up on the day of resurrection]. (TA.) It is said in the Kur lxxiv. 41, ↓ كُلُّ نَفْسٍ بِمَا كَسَبَتْ رَهِينَةٌ, meaning [Every soul is a thing] pledged with God [for what it shall have wrought; its works being regarded as a debt, for which it will be either released or held in custody to be punished everlastingly]: رهينة being an inf. n. like شَتِيمَةٌ applied to denote the pass. part. n. [in a manner before mentioned] like رَهْنٌ; for if it were an epithet [i. e. used in the proper sense of a pass. part. n.] the word would be رَهِينٌ. (Bd.) And in lii. 21 of the same, كُلُّ

↓ امْرِئٍ بِمَا كَسَبَ رَهِينٌ, i. e. [Every man is] pledged (مَرْهُونٌ, Bd, Jel) with God (عِنْدَ اللّٰهِ) for what he shall have wrought; so that if he have done good, He will release him; but other wise, He will destroy [or hold in confinement and punish] him; (Bd;) or to be punished for evil, and recompensed for good. (Jel.) And it is said in a trad., بِعَقِيقَتِهِ ↓ كُلُّ غُلَامٍ رَهِينَةٌ [Every boy that is born is a pledge for his عقيقة, i. e. for the victim that is to be sacrificed for him when his head is shaven the first time; which is com monly regarded as his ransom from the fire of Hell]: i. e., the عقيقة is absolutely necessary for him; wherefore he is likened, when not released from it, to a pledge in the hand of the receiver: El-Khattábee says that the best explanation of it is that of Ahmad Ibn-Hambal; that if the عقيقة be not sacrificed for the boy and he die an infant, he will not intercede for his parents. (TA.) b2: See also what next follows.

هُوَ رِهْنُ مَالٍ, (JK, K, TA,) with kesr, (K,) and ↓ رَهْنُهُ, (JK,) He is a manager, tender, or superintendent, of cattle, or camels &c.; or a good pastor thereof. (K, * TA.) رِهَانٌ, as a sing: see رَهْنٌ. b2: It is also a pl. of the latter word. (S, Mgh, Msb, K.) رَهِينٌ: see مَرْهُونٌ: and see also رَهْنٌ in six places.

رَهِينَةٌ, and its pl. رَهَائِنُ: see رَهْنٌ, in ten places.

رَاهِنٌ Continuing, subsisting, lasting, enduring, remaining, or remaining fixed or stationary, permanent, constant, firm, steady, steadfast, stable, fixed, fast, settled, or established. (S, * Mgh, Msb.) You say طَعَامٌ رَاهِنٌ (S, Mgh) Food that continues, or is permanent, &c. (Mgh.) And خَمْرٌ رَاهِنَةٌ Wine of which there is a con tinual, or constant, supply; uninterrupted, or unfailing. (TA.) And نِعْمَةُ اللّٰهِ رَاهِنَةٌ, i. e. [The bounty of God is] continual, permanent, or constant. (TA.) And حَالَةٌ رَاهِنَةٌ A state, or condition, continuing; remaining to the present time. (Es-Semeen, TA.) And هٰذَا رَاهِنٌ لَكَ meaning This is continual, or permanent, to thee; beloved by thee; and also as explained below. (TA.) b2: (tropical:) Remaining, staying, dwelling, or abid ing, in a place. (JK.) b3: Prepared. (K.) One says, هٰذَا رَاهِنٌ لَكَ meaning as explained above, and also This is prepared for thee. (TA.) b4: As an epithet applied to a man, and a camel, (JK, S, TA,) and any beast, (TA,) Lean, or emaciated; (JK, S, K, TA;) accord. to ISh, in consequence of riding, or disease, or some [other] accident: (TA:) and fatigued, tired, weary, or jaded. (JK, TA.) b5: And إِبِلٌ رَاهِنَةٌ Camels that will not, or do not, pasture upon the [plants, or tress, termed] حَمْض. (JK.) رَاهِنَةٌ The navel, with what surrounds it, (JK, Az, K,) in the outer part of the belly (JK) of the horse. (JK, Az, K.) إِرْهَانٌ A thong, or strap, that is bound upon the middle of the نِير [or yoke] that is upon the two bulls [drawing a plough]. (JK.) أُرْهُونٌ A girl, or young woman menstruating: (K:) seen by Az in the handwriting of Aboo Bekr El-Iyádee, but not seen by him on any other authority. (TA.) مَرْهُونٌ [Pledged; deposited as a pledge; or] restricted, or placed in custody, for, or by reason of, a debt; (S, * Msb;) originally مَرْهُونٌ بِالدَّيْنِ [or بِدَيْنٍ]; (Msb;) and ↓ رَهِينٌ signifies the same; (S, Msb;) and the fem. of this [or rather the subst. formed from it, for when it is used as a fem. epithet, having the sense of a pass. part. n., it is without ة, as remarked above, voce رَهْنٌ,] is رَهِينَةٌ. (S.) الأُمُورُ مَرْهُونَةٌ بِأَوْقَاتِهَا is expl. by مَكْفُولَةٌ [app. meaning Events are guaranteed, or pledged, for their times, to which they are limited by the decrees of God]. (TA.) See also رَهْنٌ.

مُرْتَهَنٌ: see رَهْنٌ, in two places.

مُرْتَهِنٌ One who takes, or receives, a رَهْن [or pledge]. (S.) مُرْتَهَنَةٌ: see رَهْنٌ, in two places.

صلب

1 صَلُبَ, [aor. ـُ inf. n. صَلَابَةٌ; (S, M, A, Msb, K, &c.;) and صَلِبَ, aor. ـَ (IKtt, A, K;) and ↓ صلّب, inf. n. تَصْلِيبٌ; (K; [but this last, accord. to the TA, is trans. only;]) said of a thing, (S, Msb,) [and of a man,] It [and he] was, or became, hard, firm, rigid, stiff, tough, strong, robust, sturdy, or hardy; syn. اِشْتَدَّ; (S, * A, * Msb, K; *) contr. of لَانَ. (M, TA.) b2: [Hence,] صَلُبَتِ الأَرْضُ مُنْذُ أَعْوَامٍ (tropical:) [The land has been hard by lying waste for years]; said of land that has not been sown for a long time. (A, TA.) b3: and صَلُبَ عَلَى المَالِ, inf. n. as above, (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, tenacious, or avaricious, of property, or the property. (M, L.) b4: [And صَلُبَ الشَّرَابُ, inf. n. as above, (assumed tropical:) The wine became strong. (حَدُّ الشَّرَابِ is expl. in the S and L, in art. حد, as meaning صَلَابَتُهُ.)]

A2: صَلَبَ العِظَامَ, (M, K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. صَلْبٌ; (M;) and ↓ اصطلبها; (M, K;) He cooked, (M,) or collected and cooked, (TA,) the bones, (M, TA,) and extracted their grease, or oily matter, (M, K, TA,) to make use of it as a seasoning: (TA:) or ↓ اصطلب [alone] he extracted the grease, or oily matter, of bones, (S,) or he collected bones, and extracted their grease, or oily matter, (Msb,) to make use of it as a seasoning. (S, Msb.) b2: And in like manner one says of one who roasts, or broils, or fries, flesh-meat and makes its grease to flow: (M:) i. e. one says, صَلَبَ اللَّحْمَ, (M, * K, TA,) and ↓ اصطلب [alone], (M,) He roasted, or broiled, or fried, the flesh-meat, (M, K, TA,) and made its grease to flow. (M, TA.) b3: And, (K,) as Sh says, (TA,), صَلَبَهُ, aor. ـِ and صَلُبَ, (K, TA,) inf. n. صَلْبٌ, (TA,) He, or it, burned him: (K, TA:) and صَلَبَتْهُ الشَّمْسُ The sun burned him [app. causing his sweat to flow]. (TA.) b4: And صَلَبَهُ, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (M, Msb, K,) inf. n. صَلْبٌ; (S, M, Msb;) and ↓ صلّبهُ, (M, K,) inf. n. تَصْلِيبٌ, (K,) or the verb with teshdeed is said of a pl. number; (S, A;;) [He crucified him;] he put him to death in a certain well-known manner; (M, L;) he made him to be مَصْلُوب; (K) namely, one who had slain another; (Msb;) or a thief: (A:) from صَلَبَ العِظَامَ; because the oily matter, and the ichor mixed with blood, of the person so put to death flows. (M.) b5: [Hence]

الصَّلْبُ in prayer means The placing the hands upon the flanks, in standing, and separating the arms from the body: a posture forbidden by the Prophet because resembling that of a man when he is crucified (إِذَا صُلِبَ), the arms of the man in this case being extended upon the timber. (TA.) b6: [Hence also,] صَلَبَ الدَّلْوَ, (M, K,) and ↓ صَلَّبَهَا, (M,) He put upon the دلو [or leathern bucket] what are called ↓ صَلِيبَانِ, (M, L, K,) which are two pieces of wood placed cross-wise [to keep it from collapsing], like what are called the عَرْقُوَتَانِ. (M, L.) A3: صَلَبَتْ عَلَيْهِ حُمَّاهُ, (S, M, A, Msb, * K,) aor. ـِ (S,) His fever was continual, (S, A, Msb, K,) and vehement: (S, A, K:) or was of the kind termed صَالِب [q. v.]. (M, TA.) 2 صلّبهُ, (inf. n. تَصْلِيبٌ, TA,) He, or it, rendered it, or him, hard, firm, rigid, stiff, tough, strong, robust, sturdy, or hardy. (S, M, K, TA.) El-Aashà says, مِنْ سَرَاةِ الهِجَانِ صَلَّبَهَا العُ ضُّ وَرِعْىُ الحِمَى وَطُولُ الحِيَالِ (S, TA) i. e. [Than the back of the excellent she-camel] which the provender of cities, such as [the trefoil called] قَتّ, and date-stones, and the pasture of El-Himè, meaning Himè Dareeyeh, the place of pasture of the camels of the kings, and the being long without conceiving, (TA,) have rendered hard, or firm, or strong. (S, TA.) b2: [Hence] one says, صلّب النَّبِيذَ بِحَبِّ الدَّاذِىِّ (assumed tropical:) [He made the beverage termed نبيذ to become strong by means of the grain called حبّ الداذىّ]. (Mgh in art. دوذ.) A2: صَلَّبَ الرُّطَبُ, (AA, S, K,) inf. n. تَصْلِيبٌ, (AA, TA,) The ripe dates became dry: (AA, S, K:) and صَلَّبَتِ التَّمْرَةُ the date became dry. (M, L.) b2: [Hence, perhaps, صَلَّبَ is said in the K to be syn. with صَلُبَ:] see 1, first sentence.

A3: See also 1, latter half, in two places. b2: صلّب said of a monk, (M,) or صلّبوا (K, TA) said of monks, (TA,) He, (M,) or they, (K, TA,) made, or took, (M, K, TA,) for himself, (M,) or for themselves, (K, TA,) a صَلِيب [or cross], (M, K, TA,) in his church, (M,) or in their churches. (TA.) b3: التَّصْلِيبُ also signifies [The making the sign of the cross. And] The figuring of a cross [or crosses] upon a garment; (T, Mgh, TA;) and hence, the figure thereof; the inf. n. being thus used as a subst. properly so termed; (Mgh;) as in a trad. where it is said of the Prophet, قَضَبَ التَّصْلِيبَ; meaning قَطَعَ مَوْضِعَ التَّصْلِيبِ مِنْهُ [He cut off the place of the figuring of the cross, or crosses, from it]. (T, Mgh, TA.) And صَلَّبَ بَيْنَ عَيْنَيْهِ occurs in a trad., meaning He made a mark like the cross between his eyes by a blow. (TA.) b4: Also A particular mode of wearing, or disposing, the [muffler called] خِمَار, (M, K,) for a woman. (K.) One says of a woman, صَلَّبَتْ خِمَارَهَا [She disposed her muffler cross-wise]. (TA.) And a man's praying فِى تَصْلِيبِ العِمَامَةِ [with the turban disposed cross-wise] is disapproved: he should wind it so that one part [or fold] thereof is above [not across] another. (TA.) 4 اصلبت, (AA, K,) inf. n. إِصْلَابٌ, (AA, TA,) She (a camel) stood stretching forth her neck towards the sky, in order to yield her utmost flow of milk to her young one. (AA, K, TA.) 5 تصلّب (tropical:) He acted, or behaved, with forced hardness, firmness, strength, vigour, hardiness, courage, vehemence, severity, strictness, or rigour; he exerted his strength, force, or energy; strained, or strained himself, or tasked himself severely; syn. تَشَدَّدَ; (A, TA;) which means جَهَدَ نَفْسَهُ; (L in art. شد;) لِذٰلِكَ [for that]: (A:) said of a man. (TA.) 8 إِصْتَلَبَ see 1, former half, in three places.

صُلْبٌ Hard, firm, rigid, stiff, tough, strong, robust, sturdy, or hardy; syn. شَدِيدٌ; (S, A, Msb, * K;) contr. of لَيِّنٌ; (M, TA;) as also ↓ صَلِيبٌ and ↓ صُلَّبٌ (S, M, A, K) and ↓ صَلَبٌ: (M:) pl. of the first or second, [accord. to analogy of the latter, and also of the last,] صِلَابٌ. (M, A.) b2: [Hence,] صُلْبٌ and ↓ صَلَبٌ, (K,) or مَكَانٌ صُلْبٌ and ↓ صَلَبٌ, (M,) A rugged, stony place: (M, K; *) or صُلْبٌ signifies a rugged, extending place, of the earth or ground; and ↓ صَلَبٌ, a hard part of the earth or ground: (S:) or this last, a tract of rugged depressed land stretching along between two hills: (Sh, TA:) or the acclivities of hills; and its pl. is أَصْلَابٌ: (TA:) or أَصْلَابٌ signifies hard, extending, [tracts of] ground: (As, TA:) or hard and elevated [tracts of] ground: (IAar, TA:) and مَكَانٌ صُلْبٌ, a rugged, hard place: (Msb:) the pl. (of صُلْبٌ, S) is صِلَبَةٌ. (S, M, K.) One says of land that has not been sown for a long time, ↓ إِنَّهَا أَصْلَابٌ مُنْذُ أَعْوَامٍ (tropical:) [Verily it has been hard by lying waste for years]. (A, TA.) b3: [Hence also,] هُوَ صُلْبُ المَعَاجِمِ (tropical:) [lit. He is hard, &c., in respect of the places of biting; meaning he is strong, or resisting, or indomitable, of spirit; (عَزِيزُ النَّفْسِ;) thus صُلْبُ المَعْجَمِ is expl. in the S and K in art. عجم]: and صُلْبُ العُودِ (tropical:) [which means the same]. (A, TA.) And صُلْبُ العَصَا and العَصَا ↓ صَلِيبُ, applied to a tender of camels; [lit. Hard, &c., in respect of the staff;] meaning (assumed tropical:) hard, severe, or rigorous, in his treatment of the camels: Er-Rá'ee says, العَصَا بَادِى العُرُوقِ تَرَى لَهُ ↓ صَلِيْبُ عَلَيْهَا إِذَا مَا أَجْدَبَ النَّاسُ إِصْبَعَا [Hard, &c., having the veins of his limbs appearing: thou wilt see him to have a finger pointing at them, i. e. his camels, because of their good condition, when the people are afflicted with drought]. (M, TA. But in the S, in art. صبع, we find ضَعِيف in this verse instead of صَلِيب.) b4: And [in like manner] هُوَ صُلْبٌ فِى دِينِهِ and ↓ صُلَّبٌ (tropical:) [He is hard, firm, or strong, in his religion]. (A, TA.) b5: And جَرْىٌ صُلْبٌ (Lth, TA) or ↓ صَلِيبٌ (M, L, TA) (tropical:) A hard, or vehement, running. (Lth, M, L, TA.) b6: And صَهِيلٌ صُلْبٌ (assumed tropical:) A vehement neighing. (Lth, TA.) And صَوْتٌ

↓ صَلِيبٌ (tropical:) A vehement sound or cry or voice. (M, L, TA.) A2: Also, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) and ↓ صُلُبٌ (Msb, TA) and ↓ صَلَبٌ (S, M, A, K) and ↓ صَالِبٌ, (IAth, L, K,) which last is rarely used, (IAth, TA,) and is said to occur only in one instance, in poetry, but another instance of it in poetry is cited, (TA,) The back-bone; i. e. the bone extending from the كَاهِل [or base of the neck] to the عَجْب [or rump bone]; (M, A, K;) the bone upon which the neck is set, extending to the root of the tail [in a beast], and in a man to the عُصْعُص [or os coccygis]: (Zj in his “ Khalk el-Insán: ”) or a portion of the back: (S:) and any portion of the back containing vertebræ: (S, Msb, TA:) [and particularly the lumbar portion; the lions:] and the back [absolutely]; as is said in an explanation of a verse of 'Adee Ibn-Zeyd cited in what follows: (M, TA:) pl. [of mult.] صِلَبَةٌ and [of pauc.] أَصْلُبٌ and أَصْلَابٌ, (M, K,) each of which two is used in poetry in a sing. sense, as though every part of the صُلْب were regarded as a صُلْب in itself, and صِلْبَةٌ, (M, TA,) of which last ISd says, [but this I do not find in the M,] I do not think it to be of established authority, unless it be a contraction of صِلَبَةٌ. (TA.) Lh mentions, as a phrase of the Arabs, هٰؤُلَآءِ أَبْنَآءُ صِلَبَتِهِمْ [These are the sons of their loins: because the sperma of the man is held to proceed from the صُلْب of the man, as is said in the Ksh &c. in lxxxvi. 7]. (M. [See also a similar phrase in the Kr iv. 27.]) b2: [Hence صُلْبٌ is used as signifying The middle of a page, as distinguished from the هَامِش (or margin): and in like manner, of other things.] b3: [Hence, likewise,] صُلْبٌ signifies also حَسَبٌ [meaning (assumed tropical:) Rank or quality, &c.]: (AA, S, M, K:) and power, or strength. (M, K.) A poet says, (M,) namely, 'Adee Ibn-Zeyd, (S, TA,) إِجْلَ أَنَّ اللّٰهَ قَدْ فَضَّلَكُمْ فَوْقَ مَا أَحْكِى بِصُلْبٍ وَإِزَارْ (assumed tropical:) [Because God hath made you to have excellence above what I can relate, in rank or quality, or in power, and abstinence from unlawful things]: (S, M, TA:) AA says that صُلْب here signifies حَسَب; (S;) and إِزَار here signifies عَفَاف: (S, M, TA:) but some expl. صُلْب here by both حَسَب and قُوَّة: and some relate the latter hemistich otherwise, i. e. فَوْقَ مَنْ أَحْكَأَ صُلْبًا بِإِزَارْ meaning above such as binds the back with an izár. (M, TA.) And it is said in a trad., إِنَّ المُغَالِبَ صُلْبَ اللّٰهِ مَغْلُوبٌ, meaning (assumed tropical:) [Verily he who strives to overcome] the power of God [is overcome]. (TA.) b4: Also Coitus (جِمَاع): because the sperma [of the man] issues from the part so called. (TA.) صَلَبٌ, and its pl. أَصْلَابٌ: see صُلْبٌ, former half, in six places: A2: and see also صَلِيبٌ, in two places.

صُلَبٌ A certain bird, (O, K,) resembling the صَقْر [or hawk], but which does not prey, and which is vehement, or loud, in its cry. (O.) صُلُبٌ: see صُلْبٌ, near the middle.

صَلِيبٌ: see صُلْبٌ, former half, in five places. b2: [Hence,] مَآءٌ صَلِيبٌ (tropical:) Water upon which cattle grow fat and strong and hard. (A, TA.) b3: and عَرَبِىٌّ صَلِيبٌ (tropical:) An Arabian of pure race: (A, Mgh, TA:) and اِمْرَأَةٌ صَلِيبَةٌ (tropical:) A woman of noble, or generous, origin. (A, TA.) A2: Also Grease, or oily matter, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) of bones; (S, M, * Msb;) and so ↓ صَلَبٌ; (M, K;) which latter signifies also ichor, or watery humour, mixed with blood, that flows from the dead: (M:) pl. [of the former accord. to analogy, and perhaps of the latter also,] صُلُبٌ. (K.) Hence, in a trad., the phrase أَصْحَابُ الصُّلُبِ [in the CK ↓ الصَّلَبِ] Those who collect bones, (K, TA,) when the flesh has been stripped off from them, and cook them with water, (TA,) and extract their grease, or oily matter, and use it as a seasoning. (K, TA.) A3: Also [A cross;] a certain thing pertaining to the Christians, (Lth, S, M, Msb, K,) which they take as an object to which to direct the face in prayer: (Lth, TA:) pl. [of mult.]

صُلْبَانٌ (S, M, A, Msb) and صُلُبٌ (Lth, S, M) and [of pauc.] أَصْلُبٌ. (Msb.) b2: [And The figure of a cross upon a garment &c.: see مُصَلَّبٌ.]

b3: And A certain brand, or mark made with a hot iron, upon camels; (M, K;) which, as Aboo-'Alee says in the “ Tedhkireh,” is sometimes large and sometimes small, and may be upon the cheeks, and the neck, and the thighs: (M, TA:) or, as some say, it is upon the temple; and as some say, upon the neck; being two lines, one upon [or across] the other. (TA.) b4: And i. q. عَلَمٌ [as meaning A banner, or standard; properly, in the form of a cross]: (O, K:) En-Nábighah Edh-Dhubyánee is said to have thus called the عَلَم because there was upon it a صَلِيب [i. e. a cross]; for he was a Christian. (O.) b5: [And hence, as Freytag says, (referring to the “ Historia Halebi ” and “ Locman. Fabul. ” p.

?? 1. 5. 8,) (assumed tropical:) An army of ten thousand soldiers.]

b6: And الصَّلِيبُ is the name of The four stars behind النَّسْرُ الطَّائِرُ [which is the asterism consisting of the three principal stars of Aquila; whence it seems to be the four principal stars of Delphinus]: inconsiderately said by J to be behind النَّسْرُ الوَاقِعُ [which is α Lyræ]. (L, K, and so in the margin of some copies of the S,) [And Freytag says, (referring to Ideler Unters. p. 35,) that الصليب الواقع is the name of (assumed tropical:) Stars in the head of Draco.] b7: صَلِيبَانِ of a leathern bucket: see 1, last sentence but one.

A4: See also مَصْلُوبٌ.

صَلَابَةٌ inf. n. of صَلُبَ. (S, M, A, &c.) b2: [Using it as a subst. properly so called,] one says, مَشَى فِى صَلَابَةٍ مِنَ الأَرْضِ (tropical:) [He walked, or went along, upon hard ground]. (A, TA.) صَلِيبَةُ الرَّجُلِ He who was, or those who were, in the loins (صُلْب) of the father [or ancestor] of the man: hence the family of the Prophet, who are forbidden to receive of the poor-rate, are termed صَلِيبَةُ بَنِى هَاشِمٍ وَبَنِى عَبْدِ المُطَّلِبِ. (Mgh.) صُلَّبٌ: see صُلْبٌ, former half, in two places. b2: Also A hard stone, the hardest of stones. (TA.) b3: And Whetstones; (S, M, K, TA;) as also ↓ صُلَّبَةٌ (TA) and ↓ صُلَّبِىٌّ (M, K, TA;) and ↓ صُلَّبِيَّةٌ: (S, M, K, TA:) [or a whetstone:] or [a thing] like a whetstone. (A.) b4: See also صُلَّبِىٌّ.

صُلَّبَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

صُلَّبِىٌّ: see صُلَّبٌ. b2: Also A spear-head sharpened; (S, TA;) and so ↓ مُصَلَّبٌ, (S,) or ↓ صُلَّبٌ: (TA: [but this last is perhaps a mistranscription for مُصَلَّبٌ:]) or a thing polished and sharpened with whetstones: (K:) and ↓ مُصَلَّبٌ signifies a spear sharpened with the ضُلَّبِىّ, (M, TA,) or a spear-head sharpened upon the صُلَّب, which is like the whetstone. (A.) صُلَّبِيَّةٌ: see صُلَّبٌ.

صُلْبُوبٌ The مِزْمَار [or musical reed, or pipe]: (O, K:) or, as some say, the قَصَبَة [or tube] that is in the head of the مزمار [app. meaning its mouth-piece]. (O.) صَالِبٌ A hot fever; contr. of نَافِضٌ [which means “ attended with shivering, or trembling ”]: (S:) or a fever not such as is termed نَافِضٌ: (M:) or a fever attended with vehement heat, and not attended with cold: (TA:) or a fever attended with tremour (A, K, TA) and quivering of the skin: (TA:) or a continual fever: (Msb:) or a fever attended with صُدَاع [or headache]: (Ham p. 345:) it is said by Ibn-Buzurj to be from the صُدَاع: (L, TA:) it is masc. and fem.: one says, أَخَذَتْهُ الحُمَّى بِصَالِبٍ [which may be rendered Fever with burning heat, &c., seized him] and أَخَذَتْهُ حُمَّى صَالِبٌ [virtually meaning the same]; the former of which is the more chaste: and one seldom or never makes one of the two nouns to govern the other in the gen. case: (M, TA:) or, accord. to Fr, they said حُمَّى صَالِبٌ and حُمَّى

صَالِبٍ and صَالِبُ حُمَّى. (MF, TA.) صَالِبِى أَشَدُّ مِنْ نَافِضِكَ [My burning fever, or continual fever, &c., is more severe than thy fever attended with shivering] is a prov., (Meyd, TA,) applied to two things, or events, of which one is more severe than the other. (Meyd.) A2: See also صُلْبٌ, in the middle of the paragraph.

صَوْلَبٌ and ↓ صَوْلِيبٌ, (Lth, O, K, TA,) in some of the lexicons ↓ صَيْلِيبٌ, (TA,) Seed that is scattered (Lth, O, K, TA) upon the earth, (Lth, O, TA,) and upon which the earth is then turned with the plough: (Lth, O, K, TA:) Az thinks it to be not Arabic. (TA.) صَوْلِيبٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

صَيْلِيبٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مُصَلَّبٌ A garment, or piece of cloth, figured with the resemblance of the صَلِيب [or cross]: (S, M, TA:) or figured with a صَلِيب: (A, Msb:) or figured with the resemblances of صُلْبَان [or crosses]. (TA.) [See 2.] b2: And A camel marked with the brand called the صَلِيب; (M, A, TA;)as also ↓ مَصْلُوبٌ: fem. of the latter with ة, applied to a she-camel; (M, TA;) as of the former also, applied to camels. (TA.) b3: And An Abyssinian (حَبَشِىٌّ) marked with the figure of the صَلِيب [or cross] upon his face. (A, TA.) A2: See also صُلَّبِىٌّ, in two places.

رُطَبٌ مَصَلِّبٌ, (S, K,) and تَمْرَةٌ مُصَلِّبَةٌ, (M,) [Ripe dates, and a date,] becoming, or having become, dry. (S, M, K.) When date-honey (دِبْس) has been poured on such dates, that they may become soft, they are termed مُصَقَّرٌ. (S.) A2: مَطَرٌ مُصَلِّبٌ Vehement, injurious rain. (L, TA.) مَصْلْوبٌ (M, A, Msb, K) and ↓ صَلِيبٌ (M, A, K) [Crucified;] put to death in a certain wellknown manner: (M:) applied to a slayer of another, (Msb,) or to a thief. (A.) [See 1, latter half.] b2: See also مُصَلَّبٌ.

A2: مَصْلُوبٌ عَلَيْهِ Affected by a continual and vehement fever; (S, TA;) or by a fever such as is termed صَالِبٌ. (TA.)

مهر

1 مَهَرَ المَرْأَةَ, (Az, S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـَ (S, Msb, K) and مَهُرَ, (K,) inf. n. مَهْرٌ, (S, Msb, TA,) He gave the woman a مَهْر [or dowry]: (A, Mgh, Msb, K:) or he assigned to her (جَعَلَ لَهَا) a مَهْر: (K:) and ↓ أَمْهَرَهَا signifies the same as مَهَرَهَا, (Az, S, Msb, K,) which is of the dial. of Temeem, and the more usual: (Msb:) or مَهَرَهَا has the first of the above significations, (A, Mgh, Msb, K,) or signifies he set apart for her a مَهْر: (Msb:) and ↓ أَمْهَرَهَا signifies he named for her a مَهْر and married her to himself for it; (A, Mgh;) or he married her to another man for a certain مَهْر; (Msb, K;) or he sent for her a مَهْر. (TA.) A2: مَهَرَ الشَّىْءَ, (S, K,) and فِيهِ, and بِهِ (K,) and فِيهِ ↓ تمهّر, (K, * TA,) and مَهَرَ صِنَاعَتَهُ, (A,) and فِيهَا, (Mgh, Msb,) and بِهَا, and فِيهَا ↓ تمهّر, (A,) and مَهَرَ فِى العِلْمِ وَغَيْرِهِ, (Msb,) aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) inf. n. مَهَارَةٌ (S, A, Mgh, L, Msb, K) and مِهَارَةٌ (L) and مُهُورٌ (Msb, K) and مَهَارٌ and مَهْرٌ, (K,) He was, or became, skilled, or expert, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) in the thing, (S, K,) and in his art, or craft, (A, Mgh, Msb,) and in science, &c., (Msb,) knowing its abstrusities and niceties, or having learned the whole of it; syn. حَذَقَ. (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K.) 2 مهّر, inf. n. تَمْهِيرٌ, He desired a colt: (K, TA:) he procured for himself a colt. (JK, K, TA.) [In the CK, and in a MS. copy of the K, we find المَهْر put by mistake for المُهْر.] Aboo-Zubeyd says, describing a lion, أَقْبَلَ يَرْدِى كَمَا يَرْدِى الحِصَانُ إِلَى

مُسْتَعْسِبٍ أَرِبٍ مِنْهُ بِتَمْهِيرِ He came [beating the ground with his feet] like as a horse comes [so beating the ground] to a man borrowing him for covering, wanting by his means to procure for himself a colt. (TA.) [In the L, and TA, يَرْوِى is put for يردى in both instances: but it is corrected by SM in the margin of the L.]4 امهر المَرْأَةَ: see 1, in two places.

A2: امهر النَّاقَةَ He called, or rendered, (جَعَلَ) the she-camel a مَهْرِيَّة: (K:) [it has sometimes, if not always, the latter meaning; for] it is said of the breaker, or trainer; and is like أَرْحَلَهَا. (TA, in art. رحل.) A3: امهرت الفَرَسُ The mare had a colt following her. (TA.) 5 تَمَهَّرَ see 1, in two places.

مَهْرٌ A dowry; a nuptial gift; a gift that is given to, or for, a bride; syn. صَدَاقٌ: (S, A, Msb, K:) pl. مُهُورٌ, (K,) or مُهُورَةٌ, like as بُعُولَةٌ is pl. of بَعْلٌ, and فُحُولَةٌ of فَحْلٌ. (Msb.) زَوْجٌ مَهْرٍ

A husband from whom a dowry is got: (S, art. بهر:) or a husband who has not nobility of race, and who therefore doubles the dowry to make himself desired. (TA, same art.) See بَهْرٌ. b2: The hire of a prostitute. Ex. نَهَى عَنْ مَهْرِ البَغِىّ He forbade [receiving] the hire of the prostitute. (Mgh, Msb.) مُهْرٌ A colt; the male foal of a mare; (S, K;) and of a mare kept for breeding: (TA:) or the first male offspring of a mare or other animal; (K;) i. e., of a tame ass; &c.: (ISd, TA:) fem. with ة; a filly: (S, Msb, K:) and dim. مُهَيْرٌ: (JK:) pl. masc., (of pauc., TA,) أَمْهَارٌ, and (of mult., TA) مِهَارٌ and مِهَارَةٌ; (S, Msb, K;) and pl. fem. مُهَرٌ and مُهَرَاتٌ. (S, Msb.) إِبِلٌ مَهْرِيَّةٌ Camels of Mahreh; i. e. certain camels, so called in relation to Mahreh Ibn-Heydán, (T, S, Msb, K,) a tribe, (K,) or a great tribe, (TA,) or the father of a tribe of El-Yemen: (S:) or in relation to Mahreh, a district of 'Omán: (Msb:) they are excellent camels, that outstrip horses; and some add, that they are unequalled in quickness of running, understanding what is desired of them with the least training, and having names, by which being called, they answer quickly: (Msb:) [and hence, any such like camels; i. e. any excellent, fleet, camels: (see 4:) n. un. مَهْرِىٌّ:] pl. مَهَارِىُّ [which is irreg. like ظَهَارِىٌّ] (S, Msb, K) and مَهَارٍ (S, K) and مَهَارَى, (K, TA,) written in the L مَهَارِى, (TA,) [and so in the CK,] or مَهَارَا, the ى being changed into ا, (Msb,) [but it generally retains the form of ى, though pronounced ا.] See also حُوشِىٌّ.

مَهِيرَةٌ [A woman to whom a dowry has been given: and hence,] a free [married] woman: (S, K:) opposed to سُرِّيَّةٌ: (A:) pl. مَهَائِرُ. (A, TA.) And, (TA,) One whose dowry is dear. (K, TA.) مَاهِرٌ Skilled, or skilful, (A, Msb, K,) فى

صِنَاعَتِهِ, in his art, (A, Msb,) and بكُلِّ عَمَلٍ, in every work, (A, K,) فِى عِلْمِ وَغَيْرِهِ in science &c., (Msb,) knowing its abstrusities and niceties, or having learned the whole of it; syn. حَاذِقٌ: (A, Msb, K:) and, (K,) in most instances, (TA,) [but only when used absolutely,] a good swimmer; (JK, K;) as also ↓ مُتَمَهِّرٌ: (Z, TA;) pl. مَهَرَةٌ: (A, K:) also ↓ مُتَمَهِّرٌ a lion skilled in slaying his prey. (K.) مُمْهِرٌ A mare having a colt or foal. (S, K.) مَمْهُورَةٌ A woman dowered; to whom a dowry has been given; or for whom a dowry has been set apart. (Msb.) It is said in a proverb, كَالْمَمْهُورَةِ إِحْدَى خَدَمَتَيْهَا [Like her who has been dowered with one of her two anklets]: (S, K:) or أَحْمَقُ مِنَ الْمَمْهُورَةِ إِحْدَى خَدَمَتَيْهَا [More stupid than she who has been dowered with one of her two anklets]: (Mgh:) applied to him who has reached the utmost degree of stupidity: from the following case: (TA:) a stupid woman demanded of her husband her dowry, (K, TA,) when he paid her his first visit, and she said, I will not obey thee unless thou give me my dowry: (TA:) so he pulled off one of her two anklets (K, TA) from her foot, (TA,) and gave it to her, and she was content with it. (K, TA.) In like manner, a certain man gave to another property, and he married with it the daughter of the giver, and then reproached her for the dowry he had given her: so they said, كَالْمَمْهُورَةِ مِنْ مَالِ أَبِيهَا [Like her who has been dowered from the property of her father]: (K, TA:) [a proverb] applied in relation to him who reproaches for that which is not his own. (TA.) مُتَمَهِّرٌ: see مَاهِرٌ, in two places.

صفق

1 صَفْقٌ [inf. n. of صَفَقَ] signifies The striking [a thing] so as to cause a sound to be heard in consequence thereof; (S, O, K;) as also تَصْفِيقٌ [inf. n. of ↓ صفّق, but this has an intensive signification]: (S:) and تَصْفَاقٌ is [also] an inf. n. of صَفَقَ, like صَفْق in the phrase صَفْقُ الكَفِّ عَلَى

الأُخْرَى [the striking of the hand upon the other hand], but denoting muchness of the action. (Sb, M, TA.) [Hence several meanings of both of these verbs, here following.] b2: صَفَقَ رَأْسَهُ, and عَيْنَهُ, (M,) and صَفَقَهُ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ, (Msb,) aor. ـِ inf. n. صَفْقٌ, (M, Msb,) He struck his head, and his eye, (M,) and he struck him on his head with the hand. (Msb.) And صَفَقَهُ بِالسَّيْفِ, (O, K,) inf. n. صَفْقٌ, (O,) He struck him with the sword. (O, K.) And صَفَقَ بِهِ الأَرْضَ [lit. He smote the ground with him; meaning he flung him upon the ground]. (L, TA.) b3: صَفَقَ بِجَنَاحَيْهِ, (M, K,) aor. as above, (M,) [inf. n. صَفْقٌ,] said of a bird, He beat [his sides, or the air,] with his wings; (M, L, K; *) as also ↓ صِفّق, (M, K,) inf. n. تَصْفِيقٌ. (TA.) b4: صَفَقَتْهُ الرِّيحُ, and ↓ صفّقتهُ, The wind smote it so as to cause a sound to be heard: (S:) or the latter signifies [simply] the wind smote it, or beat it: (Ham p. 719:) [or the wind beat upon it; namely, a sail &c.: (see شِرَاعٌ:)] [and] both signify the wind shifted it to the right and left, and turned it back: (TA: [in the CK, التَّتْلِيبُ is erroneously put for التَّقْلِيبُ as an explanation of التَّصْفِيقُ:]) and الرِّيحُ المَآءَ ↓ صفّقت The wind beat the water so that it made it clear: (M:) and صَفَقَتِ الرِّيحُ الأَشْجَارَ, (K,) aor. as above, inf. n. صَفْقٌ, (O,) The wind put the trees in motion, or into a state of commotion, (O, K,) and shook them: (O, TA:) and الرِّيحُ ↓ صفّقت السَّحَابَ The wind smote the clouds, [for صَرَمَتْهُ in my original, an obvious mistranscription, I read ضَرَبَتْهُ,] and blew in different directions upon them. (TA.) b5: صَفَقَ العُودَ, (inf. n. صَفْقٌ, TA,) He put in motion [by striking them] the chords of the lute. (S, O, K.) b6: صَفَقَ يَدَهُ بِالبَيْعَةِ and صَفَقَ عَلَى يَدِهِ, inf. n. صَفْقٌ (M, K) and صَفْقَةٌ, (K,) [or the latter, which see below, is a simple subst.,] He struck his hand upon his [another's] hand by way of ratifying the sale, or the covenant; (M, K;) and so صَفَقَ لَهُ البَيْعَ, aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. صَفْقٌ: (TA:) or صَفَقْتُ لَهُ بِالبَيْعِ and بِالبَيْعَةِ, inf. n. صَفْقٌ, I struck my hand upon his hand [by way of ratifying the sale and the covenant]. (S, O, Msb.) [See also سَفَقَ. And see an ex. in a verse cited voce رَدَادٌ.] b7: صَفْقٌ (S, O, K) as inf. n. of صَفَقْتُهُ, (S, O,) also signifies The shutting, or closing [a thing]; and the turning, or sending, or putting, [a thing] back, or away; (S, O, K;) as also ↓ إِصْفَاقٌ. (K.) You say, صَفَقَ عَيْنَهُ He shut, or closed, his eye. (S, O, K.) And صَفَقَ البَابَ, (S, M, O, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (M,) inf. n. صَفْقٌ, (M, Msb,) He shut or closed, the door; (S, O, Msb, K;) as also ↓ اصفقهُ: (S, O:) or both signify he locked the door: (M, K:) and in like manner سَفَقَهُ [and اسفقهُ]. (TA.) And He opened the door: (ADk, O, Msb, K:) thus having two contr. significations. (Msb.) And صَفَقَ مَاشِيَتَهُ, inf. n. صَفْقٌ, He turned, or sent, his cattle back, or away. (M, TA.) And صَفَقَهُمْ عَنْ كَذَا He turned them [i. e. men] back, or away, from such a thing. (TA.) And one says, مَا زَالُوا يَصْفِقُونَنِى They ceased not to turn me about in an affair: [meaning that] they endeavoured to induce him to do it. (Ibn-'Abbád, O.) b8: صَفَقَهُمْ مِنْ بَلَدٍ إِلَى

بَلَدٍ They expelled them from town to town, or from country to country, forcibly and ignominiously. (TA.) b9: صَفَقَ الشَّرَابَ: see 2. b10: صَفَقَ القَدَحَ, (O, K,) inf. n. صَفْقٌ, (O, TA,) He filled the drinking-vessel; as also ↓ اصفقهُ; (O, K;) and ↓ صفّقهُ: (O:) or الكَأْسَ ↓ صفّق, and ↓ اصفقها, he filled the drinking-cup, or wine-cup: (Lh, M:) and الحَوْضَ ↓ اصفقنا We collected the water in the watering-trough. (TA.) b11: and صَفَقَهَا, inf. n. صَفْقٌ, He compressed her; syn. جَامَعَهَا. (TA.) b12: And صَفْقٌ signifies also The collecting together [a thing or things]. (TA.) A2: صَفَقَ الرَّجُلُ, (M, K,) inf. n. صَفْقٌ, (M,) The man went away. (M, K.) b2: مِنَ ↓ صَفَقَتْ عَلَيْنَا صَافِقَةٌ النَّاسِ A company of men alighted at our abode. (IDrd, M, * O, K. *) b3: صَفَقَتْ, (IDrd, O, K,) inf. n. صَفْقٌ, (TA,) said of a she-camel, Her womb closed against the passage of her fœtus, (أَرْتَجَتْ رَحِمُهَا عَنْ وَلَدِهَا, [or أُرْتِجَتْ i. e. became closed, the syll. signs of this word in the O being doubtful, in the CK erroneously written ارتَخَتْ,]) so that the fœtus died. (IDrd, O, K, TA.) A3: صَفُقَ, aor. ـُ (M, O, Msb, K,) inf. n. صَفَاقَةٌ, said of a garment, or piece of cloth, (S, M, O, Msb, K,) It was strong, stout, or firm; (M;) thick, substantial, close, or compact, in texture: (O, Msb, K:) and so سَفُقَ. (T, S, &c., in art. سفق.) b2: And, said of a face, (S, O, K, TA,) (tropical:) It was impudent; or had little shame. (O, K, TA.) 2 صَفَّقَ see 1, former half, in five places. b2: التَّصْفِيقُ بِاليَدِ means The making a sound with the hand [by clapping]: (S:) one says, صفّق بِيَدَيْهِ [He clapped with his hands; or clapped his hands]: (O, Msb:) and النِّسَآءُ يُصَفِّقْنَ عَلَى المَيِّتِ [The women clap their hands in lamenting over the dead: thus they often do in the present day, over the corpse and over the grave]: (TA:) التَّصْفِيقُ is syn. with التَّصْفِيحُ: (As, O:) or (O) the former signifies the striking with the palm of one hand upon that of the other; (O, K;) but the latter is better expl. as the striking with the outer side of the right hand upon the inner side of the left hand. (O.) [See also 2 in art. صفح.] b3: صفّق القِرْبَةَ, (M, TA,) inf. n. تصْفِيقٌ, (TA,) He poured water into the skin, (M, TA,) and shook it about, (TA,) the skin being new, so that the water came forth yellow. (M.) b4: See also 1, latter half, in two places. b5: صفّق الشَّرَابَ He mixed the wine, or beverage. (M.) b6: And, (M,) inf. n. as above; (S, O, K;) and ↓ صَفَقَهُ, (M,) inf. n. صَفْقٌ; (K;) and ↓ اصفقهُ, (M,) inf. n. إِصْفَاقٌ; (K;) He transferred the wine, or beverage, from one vessel to another, (S, M, O, K,) or from one jar to another, (As, TA,) it being mixed, (K,) in order that it might become clear. (M, K.) b7: تَصْفِيقُ الإِبِلِ means The removing of camels from a place which they have depastured to a place in which is pasture: (S, O, K: *) thus in the saying of the rájiz (Aboo-Mohammad El-Fak'asee, O) cited in the first paragraph of art. زل: (S, O:) or التَّصْفِيق in that instance, accord. to IAar, is from صفّق القَوْمُ فِى البِلَادِ The people, or party, went far in the country in search of pasture: (M:) [or] صفّق, said of a man, (Ibn-'Abbád, O,) inf. n. as above, (K,) means He went away; and he went round about. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) b8: And التَّصْفِيقُ signifies also The forming a determined intention or purpose, and then reversing it. (TA.) 3 صافق عِنْدَ صَفْقَةِ البَيْعِ [He struck his hand upon that of another in token of the ratification of the sale]. (T in art. دو. [See also 6.]) b2: صافقت said of a she-camel, She lay, or slept, upon one side one time and upon the other side another time: from صَفْقٌ meaning جَانِبٌ. (M. [And the same is indicated in the O.]) and فُلَانٌ يُصَافِقُ بَيْنَ جَنْبَيْهِ Such a one turns over upon this صَفْق [or side] one time and upon the other another. (O.) And بَاتَ فُلَانٌ يُصَافِقُ [Such a one passed the night turning over from side to side]. (Z, TA.) b3: [Accord. to the K, said of a she-camel, She was taken with the pains of parturition; i. q. مَخَضَتْ: but this is app. a mistake; for it seems to have been taken from the saying in the O, (one of the principal sources of the K,) إِذَا مَخَضَتِ النَّاقَةُ صَافَقَتْ, which evidently means When the she-camel is taken with the pains of parturition, she turns over from side to side; as is there indicated by the context both before and after.] b4: صافق بَيْنَ قَمِيصَيْنِ, (M,) or بين ثَوْبَيْنِ, (K,) He wore two shirts, (M,) or two garments, (K,) one of them over the other. (M, K.) 4 أَصْفَقَ see 1, latter half, in five places: b2: and see also 2.

A2: أَصْفَقُوا عَلَيْهِ i. q. تَبَايَعُوا عَلَيْهِ [i. e. They made a covenant, or compact, respecting it, or to do it, as though by striking their hands together], namely, the thing, or affair: (TA in art. بيع: [see صَفَقَ يَدَهُ بِالبَيْعَةِ; and see also 3, and 6, and صَفْقَةٌ:]) they combined consentaneously, or agreed together, respecting it, or to do it, namely, the thing, or affair; syn. أَطْبَقُوا عَلَيْهِ, (S, O, K,) or اِجْتَمَعُوا عَلَيْهِ. (M.) And أَصْفَقُوا عَلَيْنَا [They combined, or collected themselves together, against us]. (M, from a verse of Zuheyr.) أَصْفَقَتْ لَهُ نِسْوَانُ مَكَّةَ occurs in a trad. as meaning The women of Mekkeh collected themselves together to him: or, as some relate it, ↓ اِنْصَفَقَتْ. (TA.) And one says, أَصْفَقُوا لَهُ meaning حَشَدُوا [i. e. They collected themselves together to him; or they combined to treat him with courtesy and honour]. (M.) b2: اصفق لَهُمْ He brought them as much food as would satisfy their hunger: (O, K:) said in relation to the entertainment of guests. (O.) b3: أَصْفَقَتْ يَدُهُ بِكَذَا, (S, O,) or يَدِى, (K,) His hand, or my hand, lighted on, met with, or encountered, such a thing; syn. صَادَفَتْهُ and وَافَقَتْهُ. (S, O, K.) En-Nemir Ibn-Towlab says, (S, O, TA,) describing a جَزَّار [or slaughterer of camels], (TA,) حَتَّى إِذَا قُسِمَ النَّصِيبُ وَأَصْفَقَتْ يَدُهُ بِجَلْدَةِ ضَرْعِهَا وَحُوَارِهَا

[Until, or until when, the share was divided, and his hand lighted on the skin of her udder and her young one]. (S, O, TA: but in the S, طُرِحَ is put in the place of قُسِمَ.) A3: أَصْفَقَ القَوْمُ The people, or party, were, or became, in a state of commotion, or tumult; syn. اِضْطَرَبُوا. (M, TA. [See also 8.]) A4: أُصْفِقَ لِى It was appointed, or ordained, for me; or prepared for me. (TA.) A5: اصفق الغَنَمَ He milked the sheep, or goats, but once in the day; (S, M, O, TA;) and so with س: (TA in art. سفق:) or الإِصْفَاقُ signifies the milking once in the day and night. (TA.) A6: اصفق الثَّوْبَ He wove the garment (M, TA) strongly, stoutly, firmly, (M,) thickly, substantially, closely, or compactly. (TA.) 5 تصفّق He (a man) turned over and over; (M;) he moved repeatedly to and fro, syn. تَرَدَّدَ, (M, O, K,) from side to side. (M.) And تصفّقت She (a camel) turned herself over, upside down (lit. back for belly), (O, K, TA,) when taken with the pains of parturition. (TA.) b2: تصفّق لِلْأَمْرِ He addressed, or applied, or directed, himself, or his regard, or attention, or mind, to the affair; syn. تَعَرَّضَ لَهُ. (Sh, O, K.) 6 تصافقوا (S, M, O) They struck their hands upon the hands of others (O) عِنْدَ البَيْعَةِ [on the occasion of the ratifying of a sale, or covenant]: (S, O:) or they [struck a bargain;] bought and sold; or made a covenant, or compact; one with another. (M, TA.) 7 انصفق It (a garment, or piece of cloth,) was beaten by the wind, so that it moved to and fro. (M. TA.) [See also 8.] b2: It (a door) became shut, or closed: and so with س: (TA in art. سفق:) [or it shut again of itself:] said of a door which, when opened, will not remain open. (TA in art. دلق.) b3: He (a man, TA) turned, or became turned or sent or put, back, or away: (S, O, K, TA:) he [or it] returned. (TA.) b4: And انصفقوا They collected themselves together: the contr. of the next preceding signification. (TA.) See also 4. b5: And one says, انصفقوا عَلَيْنَا يَمِينًا وَشِمَالًا They came upon us on the right and left. (M, TA.) 8 اصطفقت الأَشْجَارُ The trees became shaken, or agitated, by the wind. (S, O, K, TA.) and اصطفق العُودُ The lute had its chords put in motion, (S, O, K, TA,) so that they responded, one to another. (TA.) b2: اصطفق الآفَاقُ بِالبَيَاضِ The tracts of the horizon flickered with whiteness, and the light thereof spread. (TA.) b3: and اصطفق المَجْلِسُ بِالقَوْمِ The sitting-place became a scene of commotion, or tumult, with the people, or party. (TA. [See also 4, latter part.]) صَفْقٌ: see صَفْقَةٌ.

A2: Also A side; a lateral part or portion; (S, M, O, K;) and so ↓ صُفْقٌ, (S, O, K,) and ↓ صَفَقٌ; (M, O, K;) syn. نَاحِيَةٌ, (S, M, O, K,) and جَانِبٌ. (M, TA.) Of a mountain, (S, O, K,) it signifies in like manner, (O,) its صَفْح, (S, O, K,) and its نَاحِيَة: (S:) [both of which signify as above: or by the former may be meant what here follows:] or its face, (M, K,) in the upper part thereof, above the حَضِيض [or low ground at, or by, the base, or foot]: (M:) pl. صُفُوقٌ. (S, O.) [In like manner also,] صَفْقَا العُنُقِ signifies The two sides of the neck. (M, K.) And صَفْقَا الفَرَسِ The two cheeks of the horse. (M, K.) b2: Also A place. (K.) b3: See also صِفْقٌ.

A3: And see صَفَقٌ, in two places.

صُفْقٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

صِفْقٌ, with kesr, The مِصْرَاع [i. e. either half, or leaf,] of a door [meaning of a folding door]: (K:) [or, accord. to the O, it is ↓ صَفْقٌ, for it is there said that صَفْقَا البَابِ means مِصْرَاعَاهُ; but SM follows the reading in the K without remarking upon the difference in the O; and adds,] and one says, بَابُ دَارِهِ صِفْقٌ وَاحِدٌ [meaning The door of his house is one leaf; i. e.] when it does not consist of what are termed مِصْرَاعَانِ. (TA.) صَفْقٌ: see صَفْقٌ.

A2: Also Water that is poured into a new skin, and shaken in it, and in consequence becomes yellow; (S, O, K;) or yellow water that comes forth from a new skin upon which water has been poured; (M;) and so ↓ صَفْقٌ. (M, K.) Hence, (TA,) one says, وَرَدْنَا مَآءً كَأَنَّهُ صَفَقٌ [We came for the purpose of drinking to water as though it were the yellow water that comes forth from a new skin]. (S, O.) b2: And A new skin upon [or into] which water is poured, in consequence whereof yellow water comes forth from it. (M.) b3: Also, accord. to AHn, (M,) or so ↓ صَفْقٌ, (K,) The odour, and savour, of دِبَاغ [or tan]. (M, K.) b4: And The former, accord. to Ibn-'Abbád, The last of دِبَاغ [or tan]: (O, TA:) in the K, آخِرُ الدِّمَاغِ is erroneously put for آخر الدِّبَاغ. (TA.) صَفْقَةٌ A striking of the hand [of one person] upon the hand [of another] in [ratifying] a sale or purchase and a covenant: (Mgh:) and ↓ صَفْقٌ is [used in the same sense, being an inf. n. and also] a subst. from the verb in the phrase صَفَقَ يَدَهُ بِالبَيْعَةِ [expl. in the first paragraph of this art.]; (M, K;) as also ↓ صِفِقَّى, like زِمِجَّى, (K,) or ↓ صِفَقَّى, (so in a copy of the M,) which is mentioned by Sb, (M, TA,) and of which Seer says that it may be from صَفْقُ الكَفِّ عَلَى الأُخْرَى. (TA. [See 1, first sentence.]) b2: Hence it is used to signify The contract itself that is made in the case of a sale, (Mgh, Msb,) and the covenant that one makes: (Mgh:) or an agreement respecting a thing: (M, TA:) Az says that it relates to the seller and the buyer. (Msb.) [and it is sometimes with س in the place of ص.] One says, رَبِحَتْ صَفْقَتُكَ i. e. [May] thy purchase [bring profit]. (S, O.) And بَارَكَ اللّٰهُ لَكَ فِى صَفْقَةِ يَمِينِكَ i. e. [May God bless thee in] the contract [(lit. the striking) of thy right hand]. (Msb.) And صَفْقَةٌ رَابِحَةٌ, and صَفْقَةٌ خَاسِرَةٌ, (S, O, K,) A sale or bargain [bringing gain, and a sale or bargain occasioning loss]. (K.) And إِنَّهُ لَمُبَارَكُ الصَّفْقَةِ [Verily he is blessed in respect of bargaining]; meaning that he buys not anything without gaining in it. (TA.) And قَدِ اشْتَرَيْتُ اليَوْمَ صَفْقَةً

صَالِحَةً [I have purchased to-day a good purchase]. (TA.) And البَيْعُ صَفْقَةٌ أَوْ خِيَارٌ Selling is decisive or with the option of returning. (Mgh.) And it is said in a trad. (of Ibn-Mes'ood, TA), صَفْقَتَانِ فِى صَفْقَةٍ رِبًا i. e. Two bargains in a [single] bargain [are an unlawful gain]: this is of two kinds: one is the seller's saying to the buyer, “I sell to thee such a thing for a hundred dirhems on the condition of thy buying of me this garment, or piece of cloth, for such a sum: ” the other kind is his saying, “I sell to thee this garment, or piece of cloth, for twenty dirhems on the condition of thy selling to me thy commodity for ten dirhems. ” (O.) And it is said in another trad., إِنَّ أَكْبَرَ الكَبَائِرِ أَنْ تُقَاتِلَ أَهْلَ صَفْقَتِكَ i. e. [Verily the greatest of great sins is] thy fighting those with whom thou hast made a covenant: because each of the two persons making a covenant puts his hand in the hand of the other, like as is done by each of two persons selling and buying. (TA.) صِفِقَّى or صِفَقَّى: see the next preceding paragraph.

صِفَاقٌ The inferior [or inner] skin, that is beneath the skin upon which is the hair: (S, O, K:) a thin skin beneath the upper skin and above the flesh: (IAth, TA:) or the صِفَاق of the belly is the skin, (M,) the inner skin, (TA,) that is next to the سَوَاد, (M, TA,) the سَوَاد of the belly, (TA,) [i. e. the liver,] and which is the part where the farrier perforates the beast (بَنْقُبُ مِنَ الدَّابَّةِ) [at the navel, in order that a yellow fluid may issue forth]: (M, TA:) or the صَفَاق is the part around the navel, where the farrier performs the operation above mentioned: (AA, TA:) or the skin which, when the مَسْك [or hide] is stripped off, remains cleaving to the belly, and the rending of which occasions a [rupture termed] فَتْق; so says As, in the “ Book of the Horse: ” (TA:) or what is between the جِلْد [or outer skin] and the مُصْرَان [or intestines into which the food passes from the stomach]; (ISh, O, K;) com-prising all of what are termed the مَرَاقّ of the belly, beneath the جِلْد thereof, to the سَوَاد of the belly [i. e. the liver]; the مَرَاقّ of the belly being all that has not a bone curving over it: (ISh, O:) or the skin of the whole of the belly: (O, K:) the pl. is صُفُقٌ, only. (M, TA.) صَفُوقٌ An abominable acclivity or ascending road or mountain-road difficult of ascent: pl. صَفَائِقُ and صُفُقٌ. (M, K.) And A mountain, (K,) or an obstacle, or elevated portion, of mountains, (O,) such as is inaccessible. (O, K.) And A smooth, high rock: pl. صُفُقٌ. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) A2: Also, applied to a bow, Pliant. (Fr, O, K.) b2: [In the TA, in a verse of Aboo-Dhu-eyb describing a bow, to which it seems to be there applied as an epithet, it is expl. as signifying راجعة; but I think that this is a mistranscription for رَاجِفَةٌ, meaning Quivering. b3: Freytag has assigned to it three explanations which belong to صِفَاقٌ.]

صَفِيقٌ, applied to a garment, or piece of cloth, (S, M, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) strong, stout, or firm; (M;) thick, substantial, close, or compact, in texture: (Mgh, O, Msb, K:) and سَفِيقٌ is a dial. var. thereof. (TA.) b2: Also (assumed tropical:) Hardy, strong, sturdy, enduring, or patient. (M.) b3: And applied to a face (S, O, K, TA) as meaning (tropical:) Impudent; or having little shame. (O, K, TA.) And رَجُلٌ صَفِيقُ الوَجْهِ (assumed tropical:) A man having no shame. (Har p. 368.) صَفِيقَةٌ: see صَافِقَةٌ.

صَفَائِقُ Travelling-camels (رِكَابٌ) coming and going. (Ibn-'Abbád, O.) b2: See also صَافِقَةٌ.

صَفَّاقٌ A cock that beats with his wings when crowing. (TA.) b2: It occurs in a trad., followed by أَفَّاق in apposition, and is said by As to mean اَلَّذِى يَصْفِقُ عَلَى أَمْرٍ عَظِيمٍ [app. One who goes away on some great affair]: but in the opinion of Az, it means one who makes many journeys, and who employs himself, or uses art or artifice or cunning, in affairs of traffic; thus nearly agreeing in meaning with أفَّاقٌ. (O: the latter meaning only is assigned to it in the K.) صَافِقَةٌ A company (IDrd, M, O, K) of men [alighting at one's abode]. (IDrd, M, O.) See 1, near the end. b2: Also A calamity, or misfortune: (M, TA:) pl. صَوَافِقُ: (M:) this pl. and ↓ صَفَائِقُ, (O, K, TA,) which latter may be pl. of ↓ صَفِيقَةٌ, (TA,) signify accidents, or evil accidents, (O, K, TA,) and varieties, or vicissitudes, of events. (O, TA.) أَصْفَقُ A garment, or piece of cloth, more [strong, stout, firm,] thick, substantial, close, or compact, in texture, than another. (Mgh.) أَصْفَقَانِيَّةٌ [written in one place with fet-h, and in another with kesr, to the ف,] i. q. خَوَلٌ [A man's slaves, or servants, and other dependents; or slaves, and cattle, or camels &c.;] in the dial. of El-Yemen. (TA.) مَصْفَقٌ A place of passage; a way, road, or path; syn. مَسْلَكٌ. (O, TA.) مُصَفَّقٌ [pass. part. n. of 2, q. v.]. One says, لَكَ عِنْدِى وُدٌّ مُصَفَّقٌ وَنُصْحٌ مُرَوَّقٌ (tropical:) [I have, for thee, an affection defecated like wine that has been transferred from one vessel to another and left to settle, and a benevolence purified like clarified wine]. (TA.) b2: Also A full [or filled] drinking-vessel. (Fr, TA.) مُصَافِقٌ A camel lying, or sleeping, upon one side one time and upon the other side another time. (O, K.) b2: And مُصَافِقٌ بَيْنَ ثَوْبَيْنِ Wearing two garments, one of them over the other. (Ibn-'Abbád, O.)

كعب

كَعَبَ الثَّدْىُ, aor. ـِ and كَعُبَ, (it seems to be implied in one place in the K, that the aor. is كَعَبَ; but this is not the case; TA,) inf. n. كُعُوبٌ and كِعَابَةٌ (by MF written كَعَابَةٌ) and كُعُوبَةٌ; and ↓ كعّب, inf. n. تَكْعِيبٌ; The girl's breast swelled, or became prominent or protuberant, (K,) and round: (TA:) [or began to swell, &c.: see كَاعِبٌ]: or they use the term تَفْلِيكٌ; then نُهُودٌ; and then تَكْعِيبٌ; [as applied to the successive stages of growth of the breast]. (TA.) كَعَبَتِ الجَارِيَةُ, aor. ـُ (and كَعِبَ, TA,) inf. n. كُعُوبٌ; and ↓ كعّبت; [and ↓ تكعّبت; (A, TA in art. عج;)] The girl had breasts beginning to swell, or become prominent, or protuberant: (IAth, S:) [or had swelling, prominent, or protuberant, breasts: see كَاعِبٌ].

A2: كَعَبَهُ, inf. n. كَعْبٌ, He beat him on a hard, or tough, part; as the head, and the like: (TA:) [and so ↓ كعّبه: for it is mentioned in the TA, that a certain king was surnamed المُكَعِّبُ from his beating the protuberances of people's heads].

A3: كَعَبَ, aor. ـَ (K;) and ↓ كعّب, inf. n. تَكْعِيبٌ; (TA;) He filled a vessel (K) &c. (TA.) 2 كَعَّبَ [كعّب It (a reed, or cane,) put forth, or produced, its jointed stem. b2: Hence the phrase:] إِنِّى أَرَى الشَّرَّ كَعَّبَ [(assumed tropical:) Verily I see the evil to have grown, like reeds when they put forth their jointed stems.] (TA, voce نَبَّبَ.) b3: كعّب لَبَبَهَا He put to her breast-band [the pronoun app. referring to دَابَّة “ a beast of carriage ”] edges, or borders, like كُعُوب [app. meaning play-bones, or dice, or similar things.]. (TA.) b4: كعّب, inf. n. تَكْعِيبٌ, He folded a garment, or piece of cloth, hard, or firmly, accord. to some, in a square form. (TA.) See also مُكَعَّبٌ. b5: He made it square, (K,) [or rather of a cubic form]. b6: And see 1 in four places.4 اكعب, inf. n. إِكْعَابٌ, He hastened: (K:) or he went away, paying no regard to anything: (TA:) or, inf. n. كَعَابٌ, he went away injuriously (مُضَارًّا [an act. part. n.]) not caring for what was behind him, [or for the people whom he left behind him]: like كَلَّلَ. (Aboo-Sa'eed.) كَعْبٌ Any joint, juncture, or place of division, of the bones. (K.) b2: Also, [and more commonly, The ankle-bone, or talus;] in a man, what projects above the tarsus, where the foot is set on; (TA;) what projects above the foot; (K;) the bone that projects at the place of junction of the shank and the foot; (AA, As, S, Msb;) each foot has two bones thus termed; one on the right and the other on the left; (Msb;) each of the two bones that project on either side of the foot; (K, TA:) or the anklejoint, or tarsal-joint; the joint that is between the shank and the foot: (IAar, &c., Msb:) As rejected the saying of the [common] people, that it is in the upper part (ظَهْر) of the foot: (S:) some persons say, that it is each of the two bones that are in the upper part (ظَهْر) of the foot: so say the Shee'ah: and in like manner Yahyà Ibn-El-Hárith speaks of the كِعَاب as in the middle of the foot: (TA:) pl. [of pauc.] أَكْعُبٌ and [of mult.] كُعُوبٌ and كِعَابٌ. (K.) b3: جَارِيَةٌ دَرْمَاءُ الكُعُوبِ A girl the heads of whose bones are not big [or prominent]. b4: Also employed with reference to any quadruped; meaning, in a horse, What is between each وَظِيف and سَاق: or between the bone of the وظيف and the bone of the ساق; which projects backwards: [by this is meant, not the fetlock-joint, or hind fetlock-joint, but the hock: for it has been shown, voce عُرْقُوب, that the term كَعْب, with reference to quadrupeds, is sometimes applied to what anatomists term the tarsus]. (TA.) b5: كَعْبٌ and ↓ كَعْبَةٌ [An ossicle] with which one plays; [a play-bone; a cockal-bone; the superior bone of the tarsus, called by anatomists astragalus or as tali, a little bone, somewhat oblong, taken from the foot of a sheep, or the like, thrown in play, like a die:] (Lh, K:) the die (فَصّ) that is used in the game of tables, or backgammon, (النَّرْد); (TA;) [any die that is used in play]: pl. (of the former word, TA) كِعَابٌ and (of the latter, TA,) كُعْبٌ and كَعَبَاتٌ. (K: the last so written accord. to the TA; but in the CK كَعْبَاتٌ.) The playing with the كعب is forbidden (Kur v. 92]. (TA.) b6: A conventional term of arithmeticians [a cube]. (K.) b7: (tropical:) A piece of clarified butter; (S;) such [a lump, or compact piece] as is termed كُتْلَة, thereof: (K:) and [a lump] of dates [compacted together]: (M, voce فِدْرَةٌ:) a piece of clarified butter, or of fat or grease. (TA.) b8: (tropical:) What is termed a صُمَّة (or what is poured out at once, or what remains in a vessel, &c., or a small quantity,) of milk, (K,) or of clarified butter. (TA.) b9: (tropical:) [A knot, or joint, of a reed or cane;] what is between each two internodal portions of a reed or cane; (K;) the prominent part that is at the extremity of each of the internodal portions of a spear [of reed or cane]: (S:) or an internodal portion, or portion that is between each two knots, or joints, of a reed or cane: (Msb:) pl. كُعُوبٌ and كِعَابٌ. (TA.) b10: By صاروا كعابا, in the following verse, رَأَيْتُ الشَّعْبَ مِنْ كَعْبٍ وَكَانُوا مِنَ الشَّنْآنِ قَدْ صَارُوا كِعَابَا the poet means, they were divided and opposed in mind or opinion, so that each portion that was of one mind, or opinion, became a party by itself. (AAF.) [He seems to compare them to play-bones thrown on the ground; or to the several joints, or knots, of a reed, or cane; or to a spear not equal, or uniform, in the joints, or knots, of its cane-shaft.] b11: رُمْحٌ بِكَعْبٍ وَاحِدٍ

A spear with equal, or uniform, knots, or joints; not having one knot, or joint, thicker than another. (TA.) A2: (tropical:) Eminence, or nobility, and glory. (K.) b2: رَجُلٌ عَالِى الكَعْبِ A man eminent, or noble, and successful in his enterprises. (TA.) b3: أَعْلَى اللّٰهُ كَعْبَهُ May God exalt his glory! (TA, from a trad.) b4: لَا يَزَالُ كَعْبُكَ عَاليًا May thy glory not cease to be exalted! See عَالٍ, in art. علو. (TA.) b5: عَلَا كَعْبُكَ بِى Thy nobility, or glory, hath exalted me. (TA.) b6: This signification is taken from the كَعْب of a cane: and كَعْبٌ is applied to Anything elevated. (IAth.) كُعْبٌ A girl's or woman's, breast, (K,) that is swelling, prominent, or protuberant. (TA.) See also كَاعِبٌ.

كَعْبَةٌ see كَعْبٌ. b2: Any square [or cubic] house, or chamber, or the like. (K.) b3: A chamber of the kind called غُرْفَة: (K:) thought by ISd to be so called because of its square [or cubic] form. (TA.) b4: الكَعْبَةُ The Sacred House; [the square, or cubic, building, in the centre of the Temple of Mekkeh]: (S, K:) said to be so called because of its square [or cubic] form: (S:) or because of its height and its square form: also called كَعْبَةُ البَيْتِ [The Kaabeh of the House (of God)]. (TA.) b5: الكَعَبَاتُ, (K,) or ذُو الكَعَبَاتِ, (S, K,) A house [or temple] belonging to the tribe of Rabee'ah, who used to compass it, or perform circuits round it, [as is done round the Kaabeh of Mekkeh]. (S, K: in one copy of the S, written ذُو الكَعَبَيْنِ.) كُعْبَةٌ A girl's virginity, or maidenhead: (K:) [the virgineal membrane: as shown by a verse cited in the TA].

كُعْكُبٌّ: see كُعْكُبَّةٌ.

كُعْكُبَّةٌ A نُونَة of hair: this is made by a woman's disposing her hair in four plaits, and inserting them, one in another; thus they (i. e. the plaits, TA) become [what are termed]

↓ كُعْكُبٌّ [a coll. gen. n., of which كعكبّة is the n. un.]. (K.) b2: Also, and كُعْكُبِيَّةٌ, A certain mode of combing, or dressing, the hair. (K.) b3: [These words are inserted in this art. in the K: but I think that they should be in a separate art., as quadriliteral-radical words; being of the same class as سِمْسَارٌ &c.]

جَارِيَةٌ كَعَابٌ A virgin. (TA.) See كَاعِبٌ.

جَارِيَةٌ كَاعِبٌ, (this is the most common of the epithets here mentioned, TA,) and ↓ كَعَابٌ, (S, K,) and ↓ مُكَعِّبٌ, (K,) and كَاعِبَةٌ, (KL,) and, as written by some, ↓ مُكَعِّبَةٌ, (TA,) A girl whose breasts are beginning to swell, or become prominent, or protuberant: (IAth, S:) or having swelling, prominent, or protuberant, breasts: see 1: (K, TA:) pl. of the first كَوَاعِبُ and [of the first or second] كِعَابٌ; the latter mentioned by Th; the former occurring in the Kur lxxviii. 33. (TA.) b2: ثَدْىٌ كَاعِبٌ. and ↓ مُكَعِّبٌ, and ↓ مُكَعَّبٌ, (in some copies of the K, مُكْعَبٌ, in either case extr., the forms being those of pass. part. ns., and the signification that of an act. part. n.,]) and ↓ مُتَكَعِّبٌ, A girl's breast that is swelling, prominent, or protuberant: (K:) [or beginning to swell, &c,: see 1, and see also كُعْبٌ].

مُكَعَّبٌ see كَاعِبٌ. b2: A بُرْد, (S, K,) and a garment, or piece of cloth, variegated, or figured, (S, K,) with squares. (Lh, S.) Some explain it as signifying variegated, or figured, without applying it particularly to a garment, or piece of cloth, or to a برد. (TA.) b3: A garment, or piece of cloth, folded hard or firmly, (S, K,) accord. to some, in a square form. (TA.) b4: وَجْدٌ مُكَعِّبٌ A hard and projecting face. (TA.) b5: مُكَعَّبَةٌ The kind of basket called دَوْحَلَّةٌ (K) and شَوْغَرَةٌ and وَشَخَةٌ. (TA.) مُكَعِّبٌ: see كَاعِبٌ and 1.

مُتَكَعِّبٌ: see كَاعِبٌ.

عكد

1 عَكَدَنِى, (O, K,) aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. عَكْدٌ [q. v. infrà], (TK,) It (an affair) was, or became, possible, or practicable, to me. (O, K.) b2: عَكَدَ

إِلَيْهِ He had recourse, betook himself, or repaired, to him for refuge, or protection; (O, K;) as also اليه ↓ اعكد; (O, K; omitted in the TA;) and عَكَدَ عُنُقَهُ إِلَيْهِ, (O, TA,) and عَقَدَ likewise; (TA;) so too عَكِدَ بِهِ; (TA;) which last signifies (O, K) also (TA) he stuck to him, or it. (O, K, TA.) See also 8. [And see 10.]

A2: عَكِدَ, (S, O, L, K,) aor. ـَ (L, K,) inf. n. عَكَدٌ; (L;) said of a [lizard of the species termed] ضَبّ; (S, O, L, K;) and in like manner said of a camel; as also ↓ استعكد; (K;) or in like manner [عَكِدَت] said of a she-camel; and ↓ استعكد said of a boy; (O;) He became fat, (S, O, L, K,) and hard in his flesh. (L.) 4 أَعْكَدَ see the preceding paragraph.8 اعتكدهُ He (a man, O) kept, or clave, to it, (O, K,) namely, a thing; (O;) like ↓ عَكَدَهُ. (TA.) 10 استعكد He (a bird) drew close, or betook himself, to a thing, in fear of the birds of prey. (O, K.) And استعكد بِحَجَرٍ, or بِشَجَرٍ, He (a [lizard of the species termed] ضَبّ) betook himself, or repaired, for refuge, or protection, to a stone, or to trees, in fear of the eagle or the hawk. (T, M, O, TA.) b2: And, said of water, It collected. (TA.) b3: See also 1, in two places.

عَكْدٌ: see مَعْكُودٌ: A2: and see also what here follows.

عَكَدٌ, (so accord. to the O and my MS. copy of the K,) or ↓ عَكْدٌ, (so accord. to the L and the copy of the K followed in the TA,) [in the CK عُكْد,] The middle of a thing. (O, L. K.) b2: See also عَكَدَةٌ.

عَكِدٌ Fat, (S, O, L, K,) and hard in his flesh; (L;) applied to a [lizard of the species termed]

ضَبّ, (S, O, L, K,) and to a camel: (K:) fem. with ة, (S, O, L, K,) applied to a she-camel. (S, O, L.) عُكْدَةٌ The [rump-bone called] عُصْعُص (IAar, O, K) and قُحْقُح; both of which signify the same thing. (IAar, O. [But they are differently expl. by different authors.]) See also عَكَدَةٌ, in two place. The pl. is عُكَدٌ. (L.) A2: And The hole, or burrow, of the [lizard called] ضَبّ. (O, K. *) A3: And Power, or strength. (O, K.) عَكَدَةٌ The root of the tongue; (S, O, L, K;) as also ↓ عُكْدَةٌ and عَقَدَــةٌ; (L;) i. e. the thick part thereof: (TA in art. عقد:) or the main part thereof: or the middle thereof. (L.) b2: and The root of the tail; (O, L;) as also ↓ عُكْدَةٌ [q. v.]. (L.) The pl. is ↓ عَكَدٌ [or rather this is a coll. gen. n. of which عَكَدَةٌ is the n. un.]. (L.) b3: Also The base of the heart, (O, L, K, TA,) between the two lungs. (L, TA.) A2: And A feather with which bread is marked with points, like dots. (O, K.) مَعْكِدٌ A place to which one has recourse, or betakes himself, for refuge, or protection. (O, K.) مَعْكُودٌ Possible, or practicable. (K. [Omitted in the O and in the TA, except in as far as it is implied by what here follows.]) One says, مَعْكُودُكَ أَنْ تَفْعَلَ كَذَا, (O, TA,) and أُمُّ مَعْكُودِكَ, (O,) meaning The utmost that is possible, or practicable, to thee is thy doing such a thing: (O, TA:) and هٰذَا الأَمْرُ ↓ عَكْدُكَ The utmost that is possible, or practicable, to thee is this affair. (TA.) A2: Also Remaining, staying, dwelling, or abiding, and keeping close. (O, K.) And Imprisoned, or confined. (Yaakoob, O, K.) b2: And, applied to food, Unfailing, constant, or permanent; (O, K, TA;) and prepared. (TA.) مُسْتَعْكَدُ مَآءٍ [A place in which water collects: see 10]. (TA.)

عصب

1 عَصَبَ, aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. عَصْبٌ, (S, A, Mgh, O, K,) He twisted [a thing], or wound [it] round: (A, K, TA:) this is the primary signification: (TA:) and he folded [it]; (A, K;) or he folded [it] tightly: (S, O, TA:) and he bound [it], or tied [it]: (A, Mgh, K, TA:) عَصْبٌ denotes the binding, or tying, a thing with another thing, lengthwise, or [more commonly] around. (O.) See also 2, first sentence. [And see مَعْصُوبٌ.] b2: He twisted, or spun, thread. (K, * TA.) And He put together thread, and bound it, previously to dyeing it. (TA.) b3: عَصَبَ الكَبْشَ, (S, O, Msb, K, *] aor. as above, (K,) and so the inf. n., (S, Msb, K,) He bound, or tied, (tightly, TA) the testicles of the ram, in order that they might fall, without his extracting them: (S, O, Msb, K:) and in like manner one says of a goat, (K,) and of other beasts. (TA.) b4: عَصَبَ النَّاقَةَ, (O, Msb, K, *) aor. as above, (K,) and so the inf. n., (Msb, K, TA,) and عِصَابٌ also; (TA;) and ↓ اعتصبها; (O, K;) He bound the thighs of the she-camel, (Msb, K, TA,) or the lower parts of her nostrils, (TA,) with a cord, (Msb, TA,) in order that she might yield her milk copiously: (Msb, K, TA:) and (O) عَصَبَ فَخِذَ النَّاقَةِ [He bound the thigh of the she-camel] for that purpose. (S, O.) [See عَصُوبٌ.] Hence one says, أَعْطَى عَلَى العَصْبِ (tropical:) He gave by means of force. (TA.) And مِثْلِى لَا يَدِرُّ بِالعِصَابِ (assumed tropical:) Such a one as I am will not give by means of force. (A, TA.) b5: عَصَبَتْ فَرْجَهَا She (a woman) bound her vulva with a bandage. (Msb.) b6: عَصَبَ الشَّجَرَةَ, (S, O, K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. عَصْبٌ, (K,) He drew together the branches of the tree (S, O, K, TA) that were straggling, (K, TA,) by means of a rope, (TA,) and then beat it, (S, O, K, TA,) in order that its leaves might fall. (S, O, TA.) [Golius assigns this signification also to عَصَّبَ, as on the authority of the S, in which I do not find it.] El-Hajjáj said, (S, TA,) when preaching to the people at El-Koofeh, (TA,) لَأَعْصِبَنَّكُمْ عَصْبَ السَّلَمِ (S) or السَّلَمَةِ (TA) [I will assuredly draw you together and beat you as one does the selem or the selemeh]. The سَلَمَة is a tree of the kind called عِضَاه, having thorns, and its leaves are the قَرَظ with which hides are tanned: [but see قَرَظٌ:] the removal of the leaves with the hand being difficult on account of the many thorns, its branches are drawn together and bound tightly with a rope; then the beater pulls them towards him, and beats them with his staff; whereupon the leaves become scattered for the cattle and for him who desires to gather them. (TA.) Or this is done, (S, O, TA,) accord. to A 'Obeyd, (S, O,) only (TA) when they desire to cut down the selemeh, that they may get at the stock. (S, O, TA.) [Hence,] one says, فُلَانٌ لَا تُعْصَبُ سَلَمَاتُهُ [Such a one will not have his selemehs bound round with a rope, and beaten]: a prov., applied to a strong, mighty man, not to be subdued nor abased. (A, * TA.) And one says also of winds, تَعْصِبُ الشَّجَرَ عِنْدَ دُرُوجِهَا فِيهِ (assumed tropical:) [They compress the branches of the trees, as though they bound them round, in their passage among them]: and such winds are termed ↓ عَصَائِبُ. (O.) And عَصَبَ القَوْمَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. عَصْبٌ, (assumed tropical:) It (an affair, or event,) drew the people together, and became severe to them. (Az, TA.) b7: عَصَبَ صَدْعَ الزُجَاجَةِ بِضَبَّةٍ مِنْ فِضَّةٍ He (a smith) repaired the crack of the glass vessel by putting round it a band of silver. (O, TA.) b8: عَصَبَ بِرَأْسِ قَوْمِهِ العَارَ (assumed tropical:) He made disgrace to befall his people [as though he bound it upon the head of their chief or upon the head of each of them]. (O.) It is related in a trad. respecting the battle of Bedr, that 'Otbeh the son of Rabee'ah said, اِرْجِعُوا وَلَا تُقَاتِلُوا وَاعْصِبُوهَا بِرَأْسِى (assumed tropical:) [Return ye, and fight not; and bind it upon my head]; meaning attach and attribute to me the disgrace that will befall you for relinquishing the battle and inclining to peace. (IAth, TA.) And it is said in another trad., قُومُوا بِمَا عَصَبَكُمْ بِهِ (assumed tropical:) Fulfil ye the obligations with which He (meaning God) has bound you; or which He has imposed upon you and attached to you; by his commands and prohibitions. (TA.) b9: عَصَبَ الشَّىْءَ and عَلَى

الشَّىْءِ, aor. ـِ inf. n. عَصْبٌ and عِصَابٌ, He grasped the thing with his hand. (K, * TA.) A poet, cited by IAar, says, وَكُنَّا يَا قُرَيْشُ إِذَا عَصَبْنَا يَجِىْءُ عِصَابُنَا بِدَمٍ عَبِيطِ [And we were, O Kureysh, when we grasped our opponents, such that our grasping brought fresh blood]; عِصَابُنَا meaning our grasping those whom we opposed with the swords. (TA.) b10: and عَصَبَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. عَصْبٌ, He clung, or kept, to a thing. (K.) One says, عَصَبَ المَآءَ He kept to, or by, the water. (IAar, TA.) And عَصَبَ الرَّجُلُ بَيْتَهُ The man remained, or stayed, in his house, or tent, not quitting it. (O, TA.) b11: And He went round, encompassed, or surrounded, a thing. (K.) It is said in a trad., of the angel Gabriel, on the day of Bedr, قَدْ عَصَبَ رَأْسَهُ الغُبَارُ The dust had overspread, [or surrounded,] and clung to, his head: or, as some relate it, قَدْ عَصَمَ ثَنِيَّتَيْهِ الغُبَارُ; and if this be not a mistake, the latter verb is syn. with the former: ب and م being often interchangeable: (L, TA:) the latter phrase means, as also with عَصَبَ, the dust had stuck to his two central incisors. (TA in art. عصم.) And Ibn Ahmar says, إِذْ عَصَبَ النَّاسَ شَمَالٌ وَقُرٌ [وَقُرْ being for وَقُرٌّ] i. e. When north wind and cold environ me. (L, TA.) And one says also, عَصَبَ الغُبَارُ بِالجَبَلِ The dust encompassed, or surrounded, the mountain. (L, TA.) And عَصَبُوا بِهِ They encompassed, or surrounded, him: (S, A, Mgh, O, TA:) and they encompassed, or surrounded, him, looking at him: (S, O:) and, (Msb, K,) as also عَصِبُوا, (K,) aor. of the former عَصِبَ, (Msb, K,) and inf. n. عَصْبٌ, (Msb,) and aor. of the latter عَصَبَ, (K,) they assembled around him (Msb, K) for fight or defence. (Msb. For another explanation of عَصَبَ and عَصِبَ, see 12.) And عَصَبَ القَوْمُ بِالنَّسَبِ i. q. أَحَاطُوا بِهِ [app. meaning The people, or party, included, or comprehended, the relations, or kinsmen; for النَّسَبُ is often used for ذَوُو النَّسَبِ]. (Msb.) and عَصَبَتِ الإِبِلُ بِالمَآءِ The camels surrounded, or encircled, the water. (S, O.) b12: عَصَبَ الرِّيقُ بِفِيهِ, (S, O, K, * TA,) aor. ـِ inf. n. عَصْبٌ; (K, TA;) and عَصِبَ, aor. ـَ (TA;) The saliva became dry in his mouth. (S, O, K, * TA.) And عَصَبَ الرِّيقُ فَاهُ (S, O, TA) The saliva by its drying made his mouth dry: and the saliva adhered to his mouth. (TA.) Aboo-Mohammad El-Fak'asee says, يَعْصِبُ فَاهُ الرِّيقُ أَىَّ عَصْبِ عَصْبَ الجُبَابِ بِشَفَاهِ الوَطْبِ

[The saliva makes his mouth dry, with what a drying ! as the drying of the spume of camels' milk on the lips of the skin]. (S, O.) and عَصَبَ فُوهُ, aor. ـِ inf. n. عَصْبٌ, His mouth, with his saliva, became dry. (O.) And عَصَبَ الفَمُ, (K, * TA,) aor. ـِ inf. n. عَصْبٌ and عُصُوبٌ, meaning [The mouth, or teeth, (the latter accord. to the explanation in the K,)] became foul, or dirty, from dust and the like, (K, TA,) as from vehement thirst, or fear. (TA.) b13: عَصَبَ, aor. ـِ inf. n. عُصُوبٌ, He was, or became, [hungry; or] very hungry; or his bowels were almost dried up with hunger: because it is said of the practice of a hungry man's binding round his belly, as expl. voce مَعْصُوبٌ [q. v.]. (TA.) b14: عَصَبَ الأُفُقُ The horizon became red. (S, O. [In Freytag's Lex. عَصِبَ, as from the K, in which I do not find it. See عَصْبٌ.]) A2: عَصِبَ, (S, O, K,) with kesr, (S, O,) like فَرِحَ, (K,) said of flesh, or flesh-meat, It had many عَصَبَ [i. e. sinews, or tendons]. (S, O, K.) b2: And عَصِبَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. عَصْبٌ, [so in the TA, and so in a verse there cited, not عَصَبٌ,] He was, or became, firm and compact in flesh. (TA.) b3: [Other meanings of this verb have been mentioned above.]2 عصّب, (S, A, O, &c.,) inf. n. تَعْصِيبٌ, (S, A, O,) [He bound, or wound round, a thing with several circumvolutions:] he bound [or wound round] a man's head with a turban, fillet, bandage, or the like; (S, * O, * Msb, K, * TA;) as also ↓ عَصَبَ, inf. n. عَصْبٌ: (MA:) and he bound a broken limb, or a wound, with a piece of rag or a bandage. (L, TA.) He turbaned a man; attired him with a turban. (A, TA.) b2: Hence, (A, O,) تَعْصِيبٌ signifies (tropical:) [The crowning a man: (see the pass. part. n.:)] the making a man a chief: (A, O, K, TA:) for turbans are the crowns of the Arabs: (O:) when a man's people made him a chief, they bound his head with a turban: (A, TA:) as kings wore crowns, so the chiefs of the Arabs wore red turbans: (L, TA:) there were brought to the desert, from Haráh (هَرَاة), red turbans, which the nobles among the Arabs wore. (Az, TA.) b3: [Hence also,] عصّبهُ بِالسَّيْفِ i. q. عَمَّمَهُ بِهِ (assumed tropical:) [He cut, or wounded, him in the place of the turban, with the sword]. (A, TA.) b4: And عصّبهُ, inf. n. as above, He, or it, [caused him to bind his waist by reason of hunger: (see the pass. part. n.:) and hence,] made him to hunger: (K:) and عَصَّبَتْهُمُ السِّنُونَ The years of drought, or sterility, made them to hunger: (TA:) or عصّبتهُ السِّنُونَ The years of drought, or sterility, ate up his property, or cattle. (A 'Obeyd, S, O.) And It [i. e. drought or the like] destroyed him: (K:) and عصّب الدَّهْرُ مَالَهُ Adverse fortune destroyed his cattle, or camels &c. (TA.) b5: And He called him مُعَصَّب [meaning poor]: so says IAar; and he cites as an ex., يُدْعَى المُعَصَّبَ مَنْ قَلَّتْ حَلُوبَتُهُ وَهَلْ يُعَصَّبُ مَاضِى الهَمِّ مِقْدَامُ [He is called the poor, whose milch-cattle have become few: but should one whose purpose is effectual, one of great boldness, be called poor?]. (TA.) b6: الذَّكَرُ يُعَصِّبُ الأُنْثَى means The male makes the female to be such as is termed عَصَبَةٌ [by his being consociated with her as such]. (Mgh.) 4 أَعْصَبَ see 12. b2: [Golius explains this v. as meaning “ Firmiter religavit: ” or, as a trans. v. governing an accus., “constringi jussit: ” as on the authority of the S, in which I do not find it in any sense.]5 تعصّب i. q. شَدَّ العِصَابَةَ [i. e. He bound the turban, or fillet, round his (own) head; a meaning well known, whence that explained in the next sentence: (see also 8:) and he bound a bandage of some kind round his (own) body, by reason of hunger: see مُعَصَّبٌ]. (S, O, Msb, * K.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) He was made a chief; quasi-pass. of 2 [q. v.]. (L, TA.) b3: And it has also another signification, from العَصَبِيَّة; (S, O;) [i. e.] it signifies also أَتَى بِالعَصَبِيَّةِ; (K, TA;) which means [He aided his people, or party, against hostile conduct: or he was angry, or zealous, for the sake of his party, and defended them: (see عَصَبِىٌّ and عَصَبِيَّةٌ:) or] he invited, or summoned, others to the aid of his party, and to combine, or league, with them against those who acted towards them with hostility, whether they were wrongdoers or wronged. (TA.) And you say, تَعَصَّبُوا عَلَيْهِمْ They leagued, or collected themselves, together against them: and تَعَصَّبْنَا لَهُ, and مَعَهُ, We [leagued together for him, and with him, and] defended him. (TA.) [See also De Sacy's Chrest. Ar., see. ed., i. 445-6; where it is shown that التَّعَصُّبُ in religion means The being zealous, or a zealot: and see Har pp.423 and 573.] b4: And تعصّب بِالشَّىْءِ He was, or became, content with the thing; as also ↓ اعتصب.

بِهِ. (K.) 7 انعصب i. q. اِشْتَدَّ [app. meaning, as seems to be indicated by the context (both before and after) in the S, It was, or became, hard, firm, or strong]. (S, O, K.) 8 اعتصب بِالعِمَامَةِ [He attired himself, or surrounded his head, with the turban], and بِالتَّاجِ [with the crown]. (S, O.) And اعتصب التَّاجَ عَلَى

رَأْسِهِ He encircled his [own] head with the crown. (Az, TA.) b2: اعتصب النَّاقَةَ: see 1, in the middle of the first quarter. b3: اعتصبوا They became formed, or collected, into companies such as those whereof one is called عُصْبَة: (K:) or, into one of such companies. (M, L, TA.) [See also 12.] b4: اعتصب بِهِ: see 5, last sentence.12 اِعْصَوْصَبَ القَوْمُ The people, or party, collected themselves together: (TA:) or did so, and became companies such as are called عَصَائِب, (S, O, TA,) and became one of such companies: [see also 8; and see عُصْبَةٌ:] and in like manner, [did so, and] strove, or exerted themselves, in journeying, or pace. (TA.) And اعصوصبت الإِبِلُ The camels strove, or exerted themselves, in journeying, or pace; as also ↓ اعصبت: and collected themselves together; (K;) [and] so ↓ عَصَبَت and ↓ عَصِبَت: (Fr, S, O:) or collected themselves together so as to become one عِصَابَة, and strove, or exerted themselves, in journeying, or pace. (TA.) b2: اعصوصب is also said of a day, [app. in relation to heat,] meaning It was, or became, vehement, or severe: (S, O:) and of evil, meaning it was, or became, vehement, or severe, (K, TA,) and concentrated. (TA.) عَصْبٌ: see عِصَابَةٌ, in two places. b2: And see also عُصْبٌ. b3: Also A particular sort of the garments called بُرُود, (S, A, Mgh, O, K,) of the fabric of El-Yemen; (S, Mgh, O;) a بُرْد of which the yarn is dyed, and then woven; (Msb;) or of which the yarn is put together and bound, then dyed, and then woven; (A, Mgh, TA; *) not of the sort called بُرُودُ الرَّقْمِ: (TA:) it has no pl., (Nh, Msb, TA,) nor dual: (Msb:) you say بُرْدُ عَصْبٍ (Nh, Mgh, TA) and بُرُودُ عَصْبٍ (Nh, Mgh, Msb, TA) and يُرْدَا عَصْبٍ, (Msb,) and also يُرْدٌ عَصْبٌ and بُرُودٌ عَصْبٌ, (Nh, TA,) and ثَوْبٌ, عَصْبٌ, (Msb,) and أَرْدِيَةُ العَصْبِ; (A, TA;) and sometimes they say عَصْبٌ alone, the بُرْد being known by this name: (TA:) or garments of the kind called بُرُود, of the fabric of El-Yemen, the yarn of which is put together and bound, and then dyed, and woven, so that they become partycoloured, because what has been bound thereof remains white, the dye not having taken it; and such garments a woman in the period termed عِدَّة [q. v.] is allowed to wear, but not garments that are [wholly] dyed: or striped garments of the kind called بُرُود: and what is forbidden in that case is a garment that has been dyed after it has been woven; or what are forbidden are the عَصْب of El-Yemen, which are said to have been dyed with urine; so in the L &c.: (TA:) or, accord. to Sub, garments of the kind called بُرُود of the fabric of El-Yemen; so called because they are dyed with عَصْب, which grows only in El-Yemen; [he says that العَصْبُ is a certain dyed that does not grow but in El-Yemen; (Msb;)] but in this he opposes the generality of authorities; for they agree in stating that the garments in question are thus called from العَصْبُ, “the act of binding,” because the yarn is bound in order that the dye may not pervade the whole of the بُرْد. (MF, TA.) b4: Hence, (assumed tropical:) Clouds like such as are termed لَطْخ [q. v.]: (S, O:) or red clouds or mist (K, TA) seen in the western horizon (TA) in a time of drought, or sterility; as also ↓ عِصَابَةٌ, (K, TA,) pl. عَصَائِبُ. (TA.) A2: In a trad., mention occurs of a necklace made of عَصْب: ElKhattábee says, if it do not mean the garments of El-Yemen, I know not what it is; yet I see not how a necklace can be made of these: Aboo-Moosà thinks it may be عَصَب, meaning the tendons of joints, as they may have taken the tendons of certain clean animals, and cut them in pieces, and made them like beads, and, when dry, made neck laces of them; but he adds his having been told by some of the people of El-Yemen that عَصْبٌ is the name of A certain beast of the sea, or of the great river, called also فَرَسُ فِرْعَوْنَ [i. e. Pharaoh's horse, perhaps meaning the hippopotamus], of which [meaning of the teeth or bones of which] beads and other things, as the handles of knives &c., are made, and which is white. (L, TA.) A3: And Saliva that sticks and dries in the mouth: whence the saying, لَفَظَ فُلَانٌ عَصْبَهُ, meaning (assumed tropical:) Such a one died. (T and TA in art. لفظ.) A4: And A light, or an active, and sharp-headed, boy, or young man; (IAar, TA;) [and] so عَضْبٌ. (IAar, TA in art. عضب.) عُصْبٌ and ↓ عَصْبٌ and ↓ عَصَبٌ (K, TA) Certain trees that twine round other trees, having weak leaves; (TA;) the kind of tree called لَبْلَاب [dolichos lablab of Linn.]; (K;) said by Sh to be a kind of plant that twines round trees, i. q. لَبْلَابٌ: [coll. gen. ns.:] the ns. un. are عُصْبَةٌ and عَصْبَةٌ and عَصَبَةٌ: (TA:) accord. to Abu-lJarráh, (O, TA,) عَصْبَةٌ signifies a certain thing [app. meaning plant] that twines about a قَنَادَة [or tragacanth], (O, K, TA,) thus, correctly, in many copies of the K, but in some فَتَاة, and in some قَنَاة, both of which are wrong, though some assert the latter to be correct, (TA,) not to be pulled off from it but with an effort: (O, K, TA:) [see عِطْفَةٌ:] one says of a man strong in struggling for the mastery, قَتَادَةٌ لُوِيَتْ بِعُصْبَةٍ (assumed tropical:) [A tragacanth twined about by a lebláb; the strong man being app. likened to a tragacanth, and his antagonist to a lebláb]: (TA:) and in a trad. of Ez-Zubeyr Ibn-El-'Owwám, he is related to have said, عَلِقْتُهُمْ إِنِّى خُلِقْتُ عُصْبَهْ قَتَادَةً تَعَلَّقَتْ بِنُشْبَهْ (O, TA:) he puts عصبه for علقه, [evidently, I think, a mistranscription for عَلِقًا, (see نُشْبَةٌ, in its proper art., for a confirmation,)] the meaning being خلقت علقة لخصومى [in which for علقة I read عَلِقًا]; then he likens himself to a tragacanth in respect of his excessive tenaciousness; for بنشبه means “ by the help of a thing of great tenaciousness: ” [or نشبه may be here an inf. n., i. e. of نَشِبَ: the meaning of the verse may therefore be, I clung to them: verily I have been created a grasper, and a tragacanth that has clung by means of a strong holdfast, or that has clung with great tenaciousness:] (TA:) Sh explains عُصْبَة (O, TA) with damm on the authority of Ed-Deenawaree [i. e. AHn], and عَصْبَة with fet-h on the authority of AA, (O,) as meaning a certain plant that twines about a tree, and is called لَبْلَاب; and نُشْبَة as meaning a man who, when he sports with a thing (عَبِثَ بِشَىْءٍ [but probably the right reading is شَبِثَ بشىء or تَشَبَّثَ i. e. clings to a thing]), hardly, or never, quits it. (O, TA.) عَصَبٌ [The sinews, or tendons; though the following explanation seems rather to denote the ligaments;] the أَطْنَاب of the joints, (S, O, Msb, K, TA,) which connect and bind together the structure thereof, in man and in others, such as the ox-kind, and sheep or goats, and gazelles, and ostriches; so says AHn; (TA;) i. q. عَقَبٌ: (S and K &c. in art. عقب:) or such as are yellow of the اطناب (Mgh, Msb) of the joints; the عَقَب being the white: (Mgh:) [it is also used as meaning ligaments: (see an ex. of its n. un. in an explanation of الصَّدَفَتَانِ, voce صَدَفٌ:) and sometimes it means nerves: (see a usage of its pl. voce صَرْعٌ:) it is a coll. gen. n.:] the n. un. is with ة: (S, O, TA:) and the pl. is أَعْصَابٌ. (S, Mgh, O, Msb.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) The best (in a pl. sense) of a people or party. (K.) b3: See also عُصْبٌ.

عَصِبٌ Flesh, or flesh-meat, having many عَصَب [i. e. sinews, or tendons]. (TA.) عَصْبَةٌ n. un. of عَصْبٌ as syn. with عُصْبٌ [q. v.]. (TA.) عُصْبَةٌ n. un. of عُصْبٌ [q. v.]. (TA.) b2: and A party, or company, of men (Az, S, O, Msb) who league together to defend one another; (O; [See also عَصَبَةٌ;]) in number from ten to forty; (Az, S, O, Msb;) or, about ten: (IF, Msb:) or accord. to Akh, a company [of men]; as also ↓ عِصَابَةٌ; having no sing.: (O:) or ↓ the latter, (S, O, Msb,) or each, (K,) signifies a company, or an assemblage, of men, and of horses, (S, O, Msb, K,) or of horses with their riders, (TA,) and of birds, (S, O, Msb, K,) and of other things, (TA,) in number from ten to forty, (K, TA,) or the former from three to ten, or consisting of forty, or of seventy, but said to be originally applied to an unlimited number: its pl. is عُصَبٌ: (IAth, Msb, TA:) and the pl. of ↓ عِصَابَةٌ is عَصَائِبُ. (S, O, Msb, TA.) It is said in a trad. of 'Alee that the أَبْدَال are in Syria; and the نُجَبَآء, in Egypt; and the ↓ عَصَائِب, in El-'Irák; meaning, by the last, Companies assembled for wars: or a company of devotees, because coupled with the ابدال and the نجباء. (TA.) عِصْبَةٌ A mode, or manner, of binding, or winding round, one's head with a turban or the like. (L, TA.) عَصَبَةٌ n. un. of عَصَبٌ. (S, &c. [See the latter word in the paragraph headed by it and also voce عُصْبٌ.]) b2: Also A man's people, or party, who league together for his defence: (K, TA: [see also عُصْبَةٌ:]) thus accord. to the leading lexicologists. (TA.) b3: And The heirs of a man who has left neither parent nor offspring: and [particularly], with respect to the [portions of inheritances termed] فَرَائِض [pl. of فَرِيضَةٌ q. v.], all such as have not a فَرِيضَة named, and who receive if there remain anything after [the distribution of] the فَرَائِض: (K, TA:) thus accord. to those who treat of the فرائض, and accord. to the [other] lawyers: (TA:) or the relations by the side of the males: this is the meaning of what is said by the leading lexicologists: (Msb:) or, as is said by Az, a man's heirs consisting of male relations: (Msb, TA:) or his sons, and relations on the father's side: (S:) so called because they encompass him; the father being a طَرَف [i. e. an extremity in the right line], and so the son, and the paternal uncle being a جَانِب [i. e. a collateral relation], and so the brother: (Az, S, TA:) or a man's relations on the father's side; (Mgh, TA;) because they encompass him and he is strengthened by them: (TA:) afterwards it became applied to a single person as well as to a pl. number, and both a male and a female: (Mgh:) or the lawyers apply it to a single person when there is no other than he, because he stands in the place of the collective number in receiving the whole of the property; and in the language of the law it is applied to a female in certain cases relating to emancipation and inheritances, but not otherwise either in the proper language or in the language of the law: (Msb:) and ↓ عُصُوبَةٌ is used as its inf. n. [meaning the state of being persons, or a person, to whom the term عَصَبَةٌ is applied]: (Mgh:) it is said [by Az] in the T, “I have not heard any sing. of عَصَبَةٌ: accord. to analogy it should be عَاصِبٌ, like as طَالِبٌ is sing. of طَلَبَةٌ: ” (TA: [and the like is also said in the Mgh: in the Msb it is said that عَصَبَةٌ is pl. of عَاصِبٌ, like as كَفَرَةٌ is pl. of كَافِرٌ:]) the pl. is عَصَبَاتٌ. (Az, S, TA.) عَصَبِىٌّ One who aids his people, or party, against hostile conduct: or who is angry [or zealous] for the sake of his party, and defends them: [or one who invites others to the aid of his party, or to combine, or league, with them against those who act towards them with hostility, whether they be wrongdoers or wronged: or one who leagues with others: or one who defends others: or a partisan; a person of party-spirit; or one zealous in the cause of a party: (see 5, and see the paragraph next following this:)] occurring in a trad. (TA.) عَصَبِيَّةٌ [The quality of him who is termed عَصَبِىٌّ: i. e., of him who aids his people, or party, against hostile conduct: or of him who is angry, or zealous, for the sake of his party, and defends them: or of him who invites others to the aid of his party, and to combine, or league, with them against those who act towards them with hostility, whether they be wrongdoers or wronged: or of him who leagues with others: or of him who defends others: or partisanship; party-spirit; or zeal in the cause of a party: or (as expl. by De Sacy, Chrest. Ar., sec. ed., i. 411,) a strong attachment, which holds several persons closely united by the same interest or the same opinion: see 5, and see the paragraph next preceding this]. (S, K, TA.) عِصَابٌ A cord with which the thigh of a she-camel is bound in order that she may yield her milk copiously. (S.) b2: See also عِصَابَةٌ, in two places.

عَصُوبٌ A she-camel that will not yield her milk copiously unless her thigh, (S, O,) or thighs, (A, K,) be bound with a cord: (S, A, O, K:) or unless the lower parts of her nostrils be bound with a cord, and she be then urged to rise, and not loosed until she is milked. (Az, TA.) b2: And A woman having little flesh in her posteriors and thighs: or light in the hips, or haunches. (Kr, K.) عَصِيبٌ Lights [of an animal] bound round with guts, and then roasted, or broiled: (S, O, K:) pl. [of pauc.] أَعْصِبَةٌ (K) and [of mult.] عُصُبٌ. (S, O, K.) And Such as are twisted, of the guts of a sheep or goat. (TA.) And its pl. عُصُبٌ, Guts of a sheep or goat, folded, and put together, and then put into one of the winding guts of the belly. (L, TA.) A2: Also, and ↓ عَصَبْصَبٌ A vehement, or severe, day: (Fr, S, O, K:) or a vehemently-hot day: (Fr, K:) and the former is in like manner applied to a night (لَيْلَة), without ة: (TA:) and ↓ the latter signifies also a cold, and very cloudy, day, in which nothing is seen of the sky. (Abu-l- 'Alà, L, TA.) عِصَابَةٌ A thing with which another thing is bound, or wound round; as also ↓ عِصَابٌ (K, TA) and ↓ عَصْبٌ: (L, TA:) or a thing with which the head is bound, or wound round: (S, A, Mgh, O, TA;) and ↓ عِصَابٌ signifies a thing with which a thing other than the head is bound, or wound round; (A, TA;) anything, such as a piece of rag, or a fillet, or bandage, with which a broken limb, or a wound, is bound, is termed thus, i. e. عِصَابٌ: (L, TA:) and عِصَابَةٌ signifies also a turban; syn. عِمَامَةٌ: (A, Mgh, Msb, K, TA:) or this [in the TA by mistake written عمامة] signifies a small thing that serves as a covering for the head, [such as a kerchief or a fillet,] being wound round it; and what is larger is termed عِمَامَةٌ: ('Ináyeh of Esh-Shiháb, MF, TA:) or whatever is bound, or wound, round the head, whether it be a turban or a kerchief or a piece of rag: (TA, from an explanation of a trad.:) and ↓ عَصْبٌ [likewise] signifies a turban, and anything with which the head is bound, or wound round: (S, O:) the pl. of عِصَابَةٌ is عَصَائِبُ. (Mgh, TA.) El-Farezdak says, وَرَكْبٌ كَأَنَّ الرِّيحَ تَطْلُبُ مِنْهُمُ لَهَا سَلَبًا مِنْ جَذْبِهَا بِالعَصَائِبِ [And a company of riders in such a state that it seemed as though the wind desired to take for itself spoil from them, by its dragging away the turbans]: he means that the wind untwisted their turbans by its violence, as though it despoiled them thereof. (TA.) b2: And [hence] (assumed tropical:) A crown. (A, TA.) b3: See also عَصْبٌ, latter half. b4: and see عُصْبَةٌ, in four places. b5: And for the pl. applied to winds, see 1, former half.

عُصُوبَةٌ: see عَصَبَةٌ, near the end.

عَصَبْصَبٌ: see عَصِيبٌ, in two places.

عَصَّابٌ A vender, or spinner, of thread, or yarn; syn. غَزَّالٌ. (AA, S, O.) فُوهُ عَاصِبٌ His mouth is dry from the drying up of the saliva: and رَجُلٌ عَاصِبٌ A man in whose mouth the saliva has dried up. (TA.) مُعَصَّبُ, (S, O, TA,) accord. to the author of the K ↓ مُعَصِّبٌ, like مَحَدِّثٌ, in all its senses there explained, but accord. to others like مُعَظَّمٌ, (TA,) One having his waist bound round in consequence of hunger; (S, O;) one who binds round his body (يَتَعَصَّبُ) with pieces of a garment or of cloth, by reason of hunger; (K, TA;) one who, in consequence of leanness occasioned by hunger, binds round his belly with a stone [placed under the bandage: see مَعْصُوبٌ]: (TA:) or, accord. to A 'Obeyd, one whose property, or cattle, years of drought, or sterility, have eaten up: (S, O:) [or] it signifies also a poor man. (K, TA.) b2: And Turbaned; attired with a turban; (O, L, TA;) [as also ↓ مُعْتَصِبٌ.] b3: And [hence] (assumed tropical:) A chief; (K;) one made a chief. (Az, L, TA. [See 2.]) b4: And [hence] (assumed tropical:) Crowned: (O:) or a crowned king; as also ↓ مُعْتَصِبٌ: (A, TA:) because the crown encircles the head like a turban. (Az, TA.) مُعَصِّبٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مَعْصُوبٌ [Twisted, or wound round: and folded, or folded tightly: and bound, or tied: see 1, first sentence. b2: And hence,] (assumed tropical:) Firm, or strong, in the compacture of the flesh. (S, O,) You say رَجُلٌ مَعْصُوبُ الخَلْقِ (assumed tropical:) [A man firm, or compact, in respect of make]; (S, A, O;) strongly, or firmly, knit, or compacted; not flabby in flesh. (TA.) And جَارِيَةٌ مَعْصُوبَةٌ, meaning حَسَنَةُ العَصْبِ i. e. مَجْدُولَةُ الخَلْقِ (assumed tropical:) [A girl, or young woman, goodly in respect of compacture; well compacted in respect of make]. (S, O.) b3: And (assumed tropical:) A slender, or an elegant, sword. (K.) b4: And (assumed tropical:) Hungry, having his belly bound round: (A:) or [simply] hungry; in the dial. of Hudheyl: (S, O:) or very hungry: (K:) or one whose bowels are almost dried up by hunger: an epithet said to be applied to a hungry man because he binds round his belly with a stone [within the bandage] on account of his hunger: it is said to have been the custom of any hungry man, among the Arabs, to bind his belly with a bandage, under which he sometimes put a stone. (TA.) b5: And (assumed tropical:) A letter (كِتَابٌ); thus called because bound round with a thread, or string: so in the saying, وَرَدَ عَلَىَّ مَعْصُوبٌ [A letter came to me]. (A, TA.) مُعْتَصِبٌ: see مُعَصَّبٌ, in two places.

رَجُلٌ يَعْصُوبٌ, A strong, or sturdy, man. (TA.)

فسد

1 فَسَدَ, aor. ـُ (S, M, A, O, L, Msb, K, &c.,) which is the aor. commonly known, (TA,) and فَسِدَ, (IDrd, M, O, L, K,) which is of weak authority; (IDrd, O, TA;) and فَسُدَ, aor. ـُ (S, M, O, L, K;) inf. n. فَسَادٌ (S. M, A, O, L, K) and فُسُودٌ, (M, O, L, K,) the former being inf. n. of فَسَدَ, aor. ـُ (S, A, O,) and so the latter, and the former being also inf. n. of فَسُدَ, (O,) or the former is of فَسُدَ and the latter is of فَسَدَ, (TA,) or the former is a simple subst., and the latter is the inf. n.; (Msb;) It (a thing, S, A, O) [and he (a man)] was, or became, bad, evil, corrupt, unsound, wrong, wrongful, improper, unrighteous, wicked, vitious, depraved, or dishonest; devoid of virtue, or efficacy; in a corrupted, vitiated, perverted, marred, spoiled, injured, impaired, deteriorated, tainted, or infected, state; in a state of disorder or disturbance, destruction, annihilation, consumption, waste, or ruin; (MA, KL, PS, &c.;) and so ↓ استفسد: (KL:) contr. of صَلَحَ: (M, * L, K:) it became altered in its state [for the worse]: and it became null, void, of no force, or of no account; or it came to nought, or perished; accord. to the explanation by most of the expositors of the ex. in the Kur xxi. 22. (MF.) 2 فَسَّدَ see 4, first sentence.3 فاسدهُ He became at variance with him; he cut, severed, or broke, the tie of friendship [or kindred] with him. (L in art. كشح.) And فُلَانٌ يُفَاسِدُ رَهْطَهُ [Such a one cuts the ties of friendship, or kindred, with his people, tribe, or near kinsfolk]. (A.) 4 افسد, (S, M, O, L, Msb, K, &c.,) inf. n. إفْسَادٌ and [quasi-inf.n.] فَسَادٌ; (L;) and ↓ فسّد, (O, L, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَفْسِيدٌ; (O, K;) He, or it, made, or rendered, bad, evil, corrupt, unsound, wrong, wrongful, improper, unrighteous, wicked, vitious, depraved, or dishonest; deprived of virtue, or efficacy; corrupted, vitiated, perverted, marred, spoiled, injured, impaired, deteriorated, tainted, or infected; [constituted, disposed, arranged, or qualified, ill, wrongly, or improperly;] disordered, or disturbed, [disorganized,] destroyed, annihilated, consumed, wasted, or ruined; (MA, KL, &c.;) contr. of أصْلَحَ. (M, L, K.) One says, افسد المَالَ [He rendered the property in a bad state; marred, impaired, consumed, or wasted, it]. (L.) [and افسد عَلَيْهِمْ He corrupted, perverted, or marred, their state, case, affair, scheme, plot, or the like; أَمْرَهُمْ, or the like, being understood. And افسدهُ عَلَىَّ He corrupted him and rendered him disaffected towards me.] إِفْسَادُ صَبِىٍّ, occurring in a trad., means The injuring a child by rendering its mother pregnant while she is suckling it and so vitiating her milk: which act is also termed الغِيلَهُ. (L.) [And افسد as contr. of أَصْلَحَ signifies also He acted in a bad, an evil, or a corrupt, manner; acted ill, corruptly, wrongly, wrongfully, improperly, unrighteously, wickedly, vitiously, or dishonestly; or did evil, or mischief; إِلَيْهِ to him: and he created, or excited, disorder, disturbance, disagreement, discord, dissension, strife, or quarrel-ling; or made, or did, mischief; بَيْنَ القَوْمِ between, or among, the people, or party. (See also 10.)]6 تفاسدوا They became at variance, one with another; (M, L;) they cut, severed, or broke, the tie of kindred, (M, L, K,) and of friendship, (L,) one with another. (M, L, K.) 7 انفسد [as quasi-pass. of أَفْسَدَهُ] is not allowable, (S, L,) or has not been heard. (K.) 10 استفسد contr. of اِسْتَصْلَحَ. (S, O, L, K.) [Hence, He regarded, or esteemed, a thing, or man, as bad, evil, corrupt, unsound, wrong, wrongful, improper, unrighteous, wicked, vitious, depraved, or dishonest; &c.: see 1. b2: And] He wished, or desired, [a thing, or man,] to be bad, evil, corrupt, &c. (KL.) b3: [And He sought to render bad, evil, corrupt, &c. b4: And hence, He treated in such a manner as to render disaffected, or rebellious.] One says, الأَمِيرُ يَسْتَفْسِدُ رَعِيَّتَهُ [The prince, or governor, treats his subjects in such a manner as to render them disaffected, or rebel-lious]. (A.) And استفسدالسُّلْطَانُ قَائِدَهُ The Sultán provoked the leader of his forces to rebel-lion by his evil conduct to him. (L.) b5: [and He sought to act in a bad, an evil, or a corrupt, manner; to act ill, corruptly, wrongly, wrongfully, improperly, unrighteously, or dishonestly.] One says, استفسد فُلَانٌ إِلَى فُلَانٍ [Such a one sought to act in a bad, an evil, or a corrupt, manner, or to act ill, &c., to such a one]. (M.) b6: [And He sought discord, or dissension. b7: and It (an event) happened in a bad, or an evil, manner.] b8: See also 1.

فَسَادٌ an inf. n. of 1: (S, M, A, &c.:) or a simple subst.: (Msb:) [as a subst. signifying] Badness, evilness, corruptness, unsoundness, wrongness, wrongfulness, impropriety, unrighteousness, wickedness, vitiousness, depravity, or dishonesty; the state of being devoid of virtue or efficacy; a corrupted, vitiated, perverted, marred, spoiled, deteriorated, or tainted, state; a state of disorder or disturbance, or of destruction, annihilation, consumption, waste, or ruin: (MA, KL, PS, &c.:) contr. of صَلَاحٌ. (Lth, M, Msb.) And it is also [frequently used as a quasi-inf. n.] syn. with إِفْسَادٌ [signifying The making, or rendering, bad, evil, corrupt, &c.: (see 4:) and, oftener, the acting ill, corruptly, wrong, wrongfully, improperly, unrighteously, wickedly, vitiously, or dishonestly; doing evil, or mischief; and creating, or exciting, disorder, disturbance, disagreement, discord, dissension, strife, or quarrelling]: (L:) and [particularly] the taking property wrongfully. (O, K.) [Hence,] حَرْبُ الفَسَادِ [The war of evildoing]: thus was termed a war that happened between [the two sub-tribes] بَنُوشك [in which the latter word is app. a mistranscription for شِبْكٍ] and غَوْث, of the tribe of طَىِّء: it was so termed because one party patched their sandals with the cars of the other, and one party drank wine out of the skulls of the other. (MF.) b2: Also Drought, barrenness, dearth, or scarcity of good: (M, L, K:) so in the Kur [xxx. 40], ظَهَرَ الْفَسَادُ فِى البَرِّ وَ الْبَحْرِ i. e. Drought, &c., hath appeared in the land, and in the cities that are upon the rivers; (M, L, TA;) accord. to Zj; (M;) or accord. to Ez-Zejjájee. (L, TA.) فَسِيدٌ: see the next paragraph.

فَاسِدٌ, (S, M, A, O, L, Msb, K, &c.,) part. n. of فَسَدَ; (S, M, A, &c.;) and ↓ فَسِيدٌ, (S, M, O, L, K,) part. n. of فَسُدَ; (S, O;) Bad, evil, corrupt, unsound, wrong, wrongful, improper, unrighteous, wicked, vitious, depraved, or dishonest; devoid of virtue, or efficacy; in a corrupted, vitiated, perverted, marred, spoiled, injured, impaired, deteriorated, tainted, or infected, state; in a state of disorder or disturbance, destruction, annihilation, consumption, waste, or ruin: (MA, KL, PS, &c.: [contr. of صَالِحٌ and صَلِيحٌ, as is indicated in the S and M &c.:]) pl. (of the former, S, O, Msb, [dev. from general analogy, and of the latter agreeably therewith,]) فَسْدَى, (S, M, O, Msb, K,) applied to a people, (S, M, O,) like as they said سَاقِطٌ and سَقْطَى; (S, O;) the pl. being made of the same form as هَلْكَى because these two words are nearly the same in meaning. (Sb, M.) أَفْسَدُ is [a noun denoting the comparative and superlative degrees] from الفَسَادُ; as in the prov., أَفْسَدُ مِنْ بَيْضَةِ البَلَدِ i. e. [More corrupt, or unsound, &c.,] than the egg that the ostrich leaves in the desert, not returning to it, in consequence of which it becomes corrupt, or unsound, &c.: and, anomalously, from الإِفْسَادُ; as in the prov., أَفْسَدَ مِنَ الجَرَادِ [i. e. More corrupting, or marring, &c., than the locust], because it strips the trees and the herbage; and as in other provs. (Meyd.) مَفْسَدَةٌ A cause, or means, or an occasion, of فَسَاد [i. e. badness, evilness, corruptness, unsoundness, &c.; or making, or rendering, bad, evil, corrupt, &c.]; (M, A;) contr. of مَصْلَحَةٌ: (S, O, Msb, K:) pl. مَفَاسِدُ. (A, Msb.) One says, هٰذَا الأَمْرِ مَفْسَدَةٌ لِكَذَا [This affair, or event, is cause of evil, &c., to such a thing]. (M.) And هُمْ مِنْ

أَهْلِ المَفَاسِدِ لَا المَصَالِحِ [They are of the people who do actions that are causes of evil, not actions that are causes of good]. (A.)

طلق

1 طَلَقَتِ النَّاقَةُ, (S, Mgh, Msb,) aor. ـُ inf. n. طُلُوقٌ, (Msb,) The she-camel was, or became, loosed from her bond, (S, Mgh, Msb,) or cord, by which her fore shank and her arm had been bound together. (S, Mgh.) And طَلَقَتِ النَّاقَةُ إِلَى المَآءِ [The she-camel was, or became, loosed from her bond to repair to the water]: (Msb:) or طَلَقَتِ الإِبِلُ (Az, As, S, TA) إِلَى المَآءِ, (Az, TA,) aor. as above, (As, TA,) inf. n. طَلْقٌ (Az, As, S, TA) and طُلُوقٌ, (Az, S, TA,) the camels were, or became, loosed to repair to the water, it being distant two days' journeys, (Az, As, S, TA,) and were left to pasture while going thither: and the subst. is طَلَقٌ [q. v.]. (Az, S, TA.) b2: [Hence,] طَلَقَتْ, (IAar, Th, S, Mgh, O, Msb,) or طَلَقَتْ مِنْ زَوْجِهَا, (K,) aor. ـُ (Th, S, O, Msb, K;) and طَلُقَتْ also; (IAar, Th, Mgh, Msb;) the latter of which is preferable, but the former is allowable; (IAar, TA;) or the latter is the more common; (Th, TA;) but accord. to to Akh, the latter is not allowable; (S, O, TA;) inf. n. طَلَاقٌ, (Th, S, Mgh, O, K,) or [properly طَلْقٌ, for it is said that] طَلَاقٌ is the subst., (Msb,) [or] طَلَاقٌ is also a subst. syn. with تَطْلِيقٌ, [as will be expl. below,] as well as inf. n. of طَلُقَتْ and طَلَقَتْ;) (Mgh;) said of a woman; (IAar, Th, S, &c.;) (tropical:) She was, or became, [divorced, or] left to go her way, (O,) or separated from her husband [by a sentence of divorce]. (K, TA.) b3: And طَلُقَ لِسَانُهُ, inf. n. طُلُوقٌ and طُلُوقَةٌ, (assumed tropical:) His tongue was, or became, eloquent, or chaste in speech, and sweet therein. (Msb. [See also طَلْقٌ: and see 7.]) b4: And طَلُقَ, (S, O, K, TA,) inf. n. طَلَاقَةٌ, (S, O,) or طُلُوقَةٌ and طُلُوقٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) He was, or became, laughing, or happy, or cheerful, and bright, (K, TA,) in face, or countenance: (S, O, K, TA:) or, inf. n. طَلَاقَةٌ, (assumed tropical:) it (the face, or countenance,) was, or became, cheerful, or happy, (MA, Msb,) the contr. of frowning or contracted, (Mgh,) displaying openness and pleasantness; (Msb;) and ↓ تطلّق signifies the same; (MA, Mgh;) as also ↓ انطلق; (Mgh;) syn. انبسط; (K;) whence the saying, ↓ يَنْبَغِى لِلْقَاضِى أَنْ يُنْصِفَ الخَصْمَيْنِ وَلَا يَنْطَلِقُ بوَجْهِهِ إِلَى أَحَدِهِمَا, meaning (assumed tropical:) [It behooves the judge to treat with equity the two adversaries in litigation, and] he shall not speak to one of them with a cheerful countenance (بِوَجْهٍ طَلْقٍ) and with sweet speech, not doing this to the other: or it may be from الاِنْطِلَاقُ signifying “ the going away,” and may hence mean, and he shall not turn his face, or pay regard, to one of them [in preference to the other]. (Mgh.) b5: And طَلُقَ, inf. n. طُلُوقَةٌ and طَلَاقَةٌ, said of a day, (tropical:) It was, or became, such as is termed طَلْقٌ; i. e. [temperate,] neither hot nor cold; [&c.; see طَلْقٌ;] and in like manner طَلُقَت is said of a night (لَيْلَة). (K, TA.) b6: طَلِقَ, (O, K,) with kesr, (O,) like سَمِعَ, (K,) signifies تَبَاعِدَ [He, or it, was, or became, distant, or remote; &c.]. (O, K.) A2: طَلْقٌ is also trans., syn. with أَطْلَقَ: see the latter verb, former half, in two places. b2: [Hence,] طُلِقَتْ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) aor. ـْ (S,) inf. n. طَلْقٌ, (S, Mgh, * O, * Msb, K,) and inf. n. un. طَلْقَةٌ, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) She (a woman, S, O, Msb) was taken with the pains of parturition: (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K:) a phrase implying a presage of good [i. e. of speedy and safe delivery]. (Mgh.) [And طُلِقَتْ بِهِ (assumed tropical:) She was, or became, in labour with him.]2 طلّق نَاقَتَهُ He left, left alone, or let go, his she-camel. (TA.) See also 4, second sentence. b2: [Hence,] طلّق امْرَأَتَهُ, (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَطْلِيقٌ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb,) from طَلَاقٌ [q. v.]; (O;) and ↓ اطلقها, (K,) inf. n. إِطْلَاقٌ; (TA;) (tropical:) [He divorced his wife;] he separated his wife from himself [by a sentence of divorce]. (K, TA.) [طلّق in this sense is opposed to رَاجَعَ: and hence the meanings of these two verbs in a verse of En-Nábighah which I have cited in art. نذر, (see conj. 6 in that art.,) and which is also cited in the S and O and TA in the present art.] b3: and طلّق البِلَادَ (tropical:) He left, or quitted, the country. (IAar, TA.) El-'Okeylee, being asked by Ks, أَطَلَّقْتَ امْرَأَتَكَ [Hast thou quitted thy wife?], answered, نَعَمْ وَالأَرْضَ مِنْ وَرَائِهَا (assumed tropical:) [Yes, and the land behind her]. (IAar, TA.) And one says, طَلَّقْتُ القَوْمَ (assumed tropical:) I left, or quitted, the people, or party: and طلّق العِيَالَ (assumed tropical:) He left [or deserted] the household, like as the man leaves [or divorces] the woman, or wife. (TA.) And طلّق العَيْرُ عَانَتَهُ (assumed tropical:) The he-ass passed by, or beyond, his she-ass, and then left her: and طَلَّقَتْهُ العَانَةُ (assumed tropical:) The she-ass submitted herself [the verb which I thus render has been altered to انقدت, for which I read انْقَادَتْ,] to him, after having been incompliant. (TA.) b4: And طُلِّقَ السَّلِيمُ (assumed tropical:) The person bitten by a serpent became rid of the pain: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or recovered himself, and his pain became allayed, (S, O, K,) after the paroxysm: (S, O:) inf. n. as above. (K.) b5: طَلَّقَ نَخْلَهُ: see 4, last sentence.4 الإِطْلَاقُ signifies The loosing, or setting loose or free, and letting go. (TA.) You say, اطلق النَّاقَةَ مِنْ عِقَالِهَا, (S, O, Msb, TA,) or مِنَ العِقَالِ, i. e. He loosed the she-camel from the bond, or cord, by which her fore shank and arm were bound together; (Mgh;) as also ↓ طلّقها. (TA.) And اطلق الأَسِيرَ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K, TA,) and اطلق عَنْهُ, (O, TA,) He let go the captive; (S, O, K, TA;) and set him free; (TA;) he loosed the bond of the captive, and let him go: (Mgh, Msb:) and أُطْلِقَ عَنْهُ إِسَارُهُ [His bond was loosed from him], namely, the captive. (S.) and اطلق خَيْلَهُ فِى الحَلْبَةِ He made his horses to run [in the race-ground]. (TA.) And اطلق النَّاقَةَ He drove the she-camel to the water: (TA:) or أَطْلَقْتُ النَّاقَةَ إِلَى المَآءِ [I loosed the she-camel from her bond to repair to the water]: (Msb:) or أَطْلَقْتُ الإِبِلَ (Az, S, O, TA) إِلَى المَآءِ (Az, S, * TA) I loosed the camels to repair to the water, it being distant two days' journeys, and left them to pasture while going thither. (Az, S, O, * TA.) And اطلق القَوْمُ means The people, or party, had their camels loosed to repair to the water, it being distant two days' journeys, and the camels being left to pasture while going thither. (S, K, * TA.) b2: اطلق امْرَأَتَهُ: see 2, third sentence. b3: اطلق الدَّوَآءُ بَطْنَهُ The medicine loosened, or relaxed, his belly [or bowels]; (Msb;) or moved his belly. (TA.) b4: [اطلق عِنَانَهُ He let loose, or slackened, his (a horse's) rein; and so (assumed tropical:) made him to quicken his pace. (See Har p. 356.)] And اطلق رِجْلَهُ (assumed tropical:) He hastened him; or desired, or required, him to hasten, or be quick; as also ↓ استطلقهُ. (TA. [Whether the pronoun relate to a beast or a man is not shown. By استطلقه is not meant استطلق رِجْلَهُ as رِجْل is fem.]) b5: اطلق يَدَهُ بِخَيْرِ (S, O, K, TA) and فِى خَيْرٍ, and بِمَالٍ and فِى مَالٍ; (TA;) and ↓ طَلَقَهَا, (S, O, K,) aor. ـُ (S,) or ـِ (K,) but expressly said in the S to be with damm, inf. n. طَلْقٌ; (TA;) (assumed tropical:) He opened his hand [freely] with good, (K, TA,) and with property. (TA.) And اطلق لَهُ مَالًا (assumed tropical:) He gave him property: (MA:) and ↓ طَلَقَ (assumed tropical:) he gave (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K) a thing. (K.) And اطلق صَاحِبُ الدَّيْنِ كَذَآ (assumed tropical:) [The creditor remitted so much of the debt; being asked, or desired, to do so: see 10]. (Msb.) b6: [اطلقه also signifies (assumed tropical:) He made it allowable, or free, to be done, or taken, &c.] You say, اطلق لَهُ فِعْلَ كَذَا (assumed tropical:) He permitted him, or gave him permission or leave, to do such a thing; i. q. أَذِنَ لَهُ فِيهِ. (Msb in art. اذن.) b7: [And (assumed tropical:) He made it to be unrestricted. Hence the saying, اطلق بِهِمُ السَّيْفَ (assumed tropical:) He made the sword to have unrestricted scope with them; i. e. he slew them without restriction.] and أَطْلَقْتُ البَيِّنَةَ (assumed tropical:) I made the evidence, proof, or voucher, to be without any mention of the date; contr. of أَرَّخْتُهَا; (Msb in art. ارخ;) or I gave the evidence without restricting it by a date: from

أَطْلَقْتُ الأَسِيرَ. (Msb in the present art.) and hence also أَطْلَقْتُ القَوْلَ (assumed tropical:) I made the saying to be unrestricted, and unconditional. (Msb.) [and اطلق لَفْظًا (assumed tropical:) He uttered, or mentioned, or used, a word, or an expression, without restriction: and in like manner, اطلق alone is often employed. And (assumed tropical:) He used, or applied, a word, or an expression, without restriction, عَلَى مَعْنًى to signify a particular meaning: thus in the saying اطلق المَصْدَرَ عَلَى الفَاعِلِ (assumed tropical:) He used, or applied, the infinitive noun without restricting it by the prefix ذُو, or the like, to signify the active participial noun; as عَدْلًا to signify عَادِلًا: and thus in the saying اطلق اسْمَ عَلَى الجُزْءِ (assumed tropical:) He used, or applied, the name of the whole without restricting it by a prefix to signify the part; as القُرْآن to signify اللآيَة: and many similar exs. might be added: but this usage of the verb is conventional: see Kull p. 57. Hence also أَلِفُ الإِطْلَاقِ: see art. ا, p. 1, col. 3.] b8: الإِطْلَاقُ فِى القَائِمَةِ [in which الاطلاق is inf. n. of the pass. v., أُطْلِقَ,] is (assumed tropical:) The freedom from [the whiteness termed] وَضَح [meaning تَحْجِيل, q. v.,] in the leg [of a horse]: and some make الإِطْلَاق to signify the having a fore leg and a hind leg in one side with تحجيل; and الإِمْسَاكُ [as inf. n. of أُمْسِكَ], the having a fore leg and a hind leg without تحجيل. (TA.) b9: اطلق عَدُوَّهُ (assumed tropical:) He dosed his enemy with poison. (IAar, O, K.) b10: And اطلق نخْلَهُ (tropical:) He fecundated his palm-trees; (IAar, O, K, TA;) said when they are tall; (IAar, O, TA;) as also ↓ طلّقهُ, (IAar, O, K,) inf. n. تَطْلِيقٌ. (K.) 5 تطلّق, said of a gazelle, He went along, (S, O, Msb, K,) or bounded in his running, or ran briskly in one direction, (اِسْتَنَّ فِى عَدْوِهِ,) and went along, (TA,) not pausing nor waiting for anything; (S, O, Msb, K, TA;) as also ↓ استطلق. (TA.) And تطلّقت الخَيْلُ The horses went [or ran] a heat without restraining themselves, to the goal. (TA.) b2: And, said of a horse, (tropical:) He staled after running. (AO, O, K.) b3: Said of the face: see 1, latter half.7 انطلق, inf. n. اِنْطِلَاقٌ, of which the dim. is ↓ نُطَيْلِيقٌ, the conjunctive ا being rejected, so that it becomes نِطْلَاقٌ, (S, O,) [He was, or became, loosed from his bond: whence,] اِنْطِلَاقُ العِنَانِ [The rein's being let loose, or slackened,] is a phrase metonymically used to denote quickness in going along. (Har pp. 355-6.) b2: [Hence,] (assumed tropical:) He (a captive loosed from his bond) went his way: (Msb:) or [simply] he went away, or departed: (S, Mgh, O, K:) or he went removing from his place. (Er-Rághib, TA.) Thus in the Kur [lxxvii. 29], اِنْطَلِقُوا إِلى مَا كُنْتُمْ بِهِ تُكَذِّبُونَ (assumed tropical:) [Depart ye to that in which ye disbelieved]; (TA;) meaning to the punishment: (Bd, Jel:) or, accord. to IAth, [it seems to mean go ye away quickly into the lowest depth of misery or affliction; for he says, app. in explanation of this verse of the Kur, that] الاِنْطِلَاقُ means سُرْعَةُ الذَّهَابِ فِى أَصْلِ المِحْنَةِ. (TA.) And one says also, انطلق يَفْعَلُ كَذَا (tropical:) He went away doing, or to do, such a thing. (TA.) وَانْطَلَقَ الْمَلَأُ مِنْهُمْ

أَنِ امْشُوا [in the Kur xxxviii. 5 may be expl. in a similar manner; أَن being here used in the place of يَقُولُونَ: or this] means [And the chief persons of them] broke forth, or launched forth, with their tongues, [saying,] Go ye on, or continue ye, in your course of action &c. (Mughnee, voce أَنْ.) And one says, اُنْطُلِقَ بِهِ, (S, O, K,) meaning He, or it, was taken away; (K;) like as one says, اُنْقُطِعَ بِهِ. (S, O.) b3: [انطلق لِسَانُهُ means (assumed tropical:) His tongue was, or became, free from impediment; and hence, eloquent, or chaste in speech. See an ex. in the Kur xxvi. 12: and see also طَلُقَ لِسَانُهُ.] b4: انطلق said of the face: see 1, latter half, in two places.8 مَا تَطَّلِقُ نَفْسِى لِهٰذَا الأَمْرِ, (S, O, K, *) of the measure تَفْتَعِلُ, (S, O, K,) inf. n. اِطِّلَاقٌ, of which the dim. is ↓ طُتَيْلِيقٌ, the [latter] ط being changed [back] into ت because the former ط becomes movent, (S, O,) (assumed tropical:) My mind does not become free from straitness [for, or with respect to, this thing, or affair]. (S, O, K. *) 10 اِسْتِطلَاقٌ [primarily signifies The desiring to be loosed, unbound, set loose or free, and let go]: its dim. is ↓ تُطَيْلِيقٌ. (S, O.) b2: [Hence,] استطلق بَطْنُهُ (assumed tropical:) His belly [or bowels] became [unbound,] loosened, or relaxed; (Msb, TA;) or became moved; (S, O, K, TA;) and the contents thereof came forth. (TA.) b3: Said of a gazelle, i. q. تطلّق, q. v. (TA.) A2: [It is also trans., as such primarily signifying The desiring a person or thing to be loosed, unbound, set loose or free, and let go. b2: Hence,] one says, استطلق الرَّاعِى

نَاقَةً لِنَفْسِهِ (S, O) [meaning The pastor desired a she-camel to be left, or he left a she-camel, for himself, not milking her at the water; as is plainly indicated by what immediately precedes it in the S: or] the pastor took, (PS,) or retained, [which is virtually the same,] a she-camel for himself. (PS, TA.) b3: And اِسْتَطْلَقْتُ مِنْ صَاحِبِ الدَّيْنِ كَذَا (assumed tropical:) [I desired. or demanded, of the creditor, the remission of so much of the debt]. (Msb.) b4: See also 4, former half.

طَلْقٌ [Loosed from his bond, set loose or free, or], as expl. by IAar, let go; as also ↓ طَلِيقٌ and ↓ مُطْلَقٌ: and a man not having anything upon him, as expl. by Ks: and طَلْقُ اليَدَيْنِ a camel not having the fore legs bound. (TA.) You say, حُبِسَ طَلْقًا, (so in the CK,) or ↓ طَلَقًا, (K accord. to the TA, [and this is agreeable with the preceding context in the K, but it requires confirmation which I do not find,]) and with damm, [i. e. طُلْقًا,] accord. to the K, but correctly with two dammehs, [i. e. ↓ طُلُقًا,] (TA, and thus in the S,) He was imprisoned without shackle and without bond. (K, TA) See also طُلُقٌ, first sentence. b2: [Hence,] طَلْقُ اللِّسَانِ, and ↓ طَلِيقُ اللسان, (S, O, Msb, K,) and اللسان ↓ طِلْقُ, (K,) and اللسان ↓ طُلَقُ, (TA,) (tropical:) Eloquent, or chaste, in speech, and sweet therein: (Msb:) and اللِّسَانِ ↓ مُنْطَلِقُ and ↓ مُتَطَلِّقُهُ (tropical:) [free from impediment of the tongue; or] eloquent, or chaste in speech. (TA.) And لِسَانٌ طَلْقٌ ذَلْقٌ, and ذَلِيقٌ, ↓ طَلِيقٌ, and ذُلُقٌ ↓ طُلُقٌ, and ذُلَقٌ ↓ طُلَقٌ, (S, O, K,) but the last two of these were unknown to As, and the latter of them was disallowed by IAar, (TA,) and ذَلِقٌ ↓ طَلِقٌ, (O, K,) [expl. in the K as meaning A tongue having sharpness; but correctly] meaning (tropical:) a tongue free from impediment, or eloquent, or chaste in speech, (ذُو انْطِلَاقٍ,) and sharp. (O, TA.) b3: And طَلْقُ اليَدَيْنِ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) and اليدين ↓ طُلُقُ, (O, K,) and اليدين ↓ طُلْقُ, (O, TA,) and اليدين ↓ طَلِيقُ, (L, TA,) (tropical:) Liberal, bountiful, munificent, or generous; (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K;) applied to a man: (S, Mgh, O, Msb:) and in like manner, a woman: (TA:) [or] a woman is termed طَلْقَةُ اليَدَيْنِ: (S:) and so, accord to Az, طَلْقُ الوَجْهِ; which [generally] has another meaning, expl. in what follows. (TA.) And يَدُهُ طَلْقٌ (tropical:) His hand is liberal; syn. بِسْطٌ; (TA in art. بسط;) and so ↓ مُطْلَقَةٌ: (S and K and TA in that art.:) or the latter signifies opened; and so ↓ مَطْلُوقَةٌ. (TA in the present art.) b4: And طَلْقُ الوَجْهِ, (S, O, Msb, K,) and الوجه ↓ طِلْقُ, (IAar, O, K,) and ↓ طُلْقُ الوجه, (IAar, K,) and الوجه ↓ طَلِقُ, (K,) and الوجه ↓ طَلِيقُ, (S, O, K,) (tropical:) Laughing, or happy, or cheerful, and bright, in the face, or countenance: (K, TA:) or cheerful, or happy, displaying openness and pleasantness, in the face; and so طَلْقٌ alone: (Msb:) and الوجه ↓ طَلِيقُ open and pleasant, and goodly, in countenance: (Az, TA:) and طَلِيقٌ alone, joyful, and open or cheer-ful, in countenance. (TA. [And it is there said that the pl. of طَلْقٌ is طَلْقَات: but this is app. a mistranscription for طُلْقَانٌ or طِلْقَانٌ.]) أُوْجُهٌ

↓ طَوَالِقُ is not allowable, except in poetry. (IAar, TA.) b5: And يَوْمٌ طَلْقٌ, (Lth, S, Mgh, O, K,) and لَيْلَةٌ طَلْقَةٌ (Lth, S, Mgh, O, Msb, K) and طَلْقٌ, (O, Msb, K,) (tropical:) A day, and a night, in which is neither heat nor cold: (Lth, Mgh, O, Msb, K:) or in which is no cold nor anything hurtful: (S:) or in which is no rain: or in which is no wind: or in which the cold is mild: (TA: [after which is added, من ايام طَلْقات: but the last word seems, as in an instance before mentioned, to be mistranscribed, or ايام (i. e. أَيَّام) may be a mistake for لَيَالٍ:]) or لَيْلَةٌ طَلْقٌ means a night in which is no cold: (AA, TA:) or in which the wind is still: (O, TA:) and لَيْلَةٌ طَلْقَةٌ sometimes means a moon-lit, or a light, or bright, night: (IDrd, O, TA:) and one says also ↓ لَيْلَةٌ طَالِقَةٌ, (K, TA,) meaning a still, or calm, and light, or bright, night: (TA:) and ↓ لَيَالٍ طَوَالِقُ, (K, * TA,) meaning pleasant nights in which is neither heat nor cold. (TA.) Er-Rá'ee says, فَلَمَّا عَلَتْهُ الشَّمْسُ فِى يَوْمِ طَلْقَةٍ

meaning يَوْمِ لَيْلَةٍ طَلْقَةٍ [And when the sun came upon him, or it,] in a day of a night in which was neither cold nor wind; i. e., in a day after such a night; for the Arabs commence with the night, before the day: and the phrase فِى يَوْمِ طَلْقَةٍ

occurs in like manner in a verse of Dhu-r-Rummeh. (Az, TA.) b6: For the epithet طَلْقُ اليَدِ اليُمْنَى, (applied to a horse, accord. to the K,) see طُلُقٌ. b7: And for other meanings assigned in the K to طَلْقٌ, see طُلُقٌ, in two places.

A2: طَلْقٌ signifies also The pain of childbirth. (S, O.) One says, ضَرَبَهَا الطَّلْقُ [The pain of childbirth smote her]. (O.) [See also طُلِقَت, of which it is the inf. n.]

A3: And [it is said to signify] A sort of medicine. (S.) See طَلَقٌ, latter half, in two places.

طُلْقُ اليَدَيْنِ: b2: and طُلْقُ الوَجْهِ: see the next preceding paragraph.

طِلْقُ اللِّسَانِ: b2: and طِلْقُ الوَجْهِ: see طَلْقٌ. b3: طِلْقٌ signifies also (tropical:) Lawful, allowable, or free: (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K, TA:) or it signifies, (Msb, TA,) or signifies also, (Mgh,) ↓ مُطْلَقٌ, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) [i. e.] a thing unrestricted, (TA,) i. e. any affair in which one has power, or authority, to act according to his own judgment or discretion or free will. (Msb.) One says, هٰذَا حَلَالٌ طِلْقٌ (tropical:) [This is lawful, &c., unrestricted; using the latter epithet as a corroborative]: and [in the contr. case] حَرَامٌ غِلْقٌ. (TA.) And هُوَ لَكَ طِلْقًا (tropical:) [It is thine lawfully &c.]. (S, O, K, TA.) And اِفْعَلْ هٰذَا طِلْقًا لَكَ (assumed tropical:) Do thou this as a thing lawful &c. to thee. (Msb.) And أَعْطَيْتُهُ مِنْ طِلْقِ مَالِى (assumed tropical:) I gave him of what was lawful &c., i. e. free to be disposed of by me, of my property: (Msb:) or (tropical:) of what was clear [from any claim or the like], and good, or lawful, of my property. (TA.) And الخَيْلُ طِلْقٌ, occurring in a trad. as meaning (tropical:) Horses are allowable to be betted upon. (TA.) And أَنْتَ طِلْقٌ مِنْ هٰذَا الأَمْرِ (tropical:) Thou art clear of this affair; (S, O, K, * TA; *) quit of it, or irresponsible for it. (K, TA.) b4: [In consequence of a misplacement in some copies of the K, several meanings belonging to طَلَقٌ are assigned to طِلْقٌ.]

A2: See also طَلَقٌ, latter half.

طَلَقٌ: see طَلْقٌ, second sentence. b2: Also the subst. from طَلَقَتِ الإِبِلُ: (Az, S, TA: [see 1, second sentence:]) and [as such] signifying The journeying [of camels] during the night to arrive at the water in the next night, there being two nights between them and the water; the first of which nights is termed الطَّلَقُ [or لَيْلَةُ الطَّلَقِ (see حَوْزٌ)]; the pastor loosing them to repair to the water, [in the CK يَجْلِبُها is put for يُخَلِّيهَا,] and leaving them to pasture while going thither: the camels after the driving, during the first night, are said to be ↓ طَوَالِقُ; and in the second night, قَوَارِبُ: (S, O, K, TA:) or الطَّلَقُ signifies the first of two days intervening between the camels and the water; and القَرَبُ, the second: and لَيْلَةُ الطَّلَقِ, the night in which the faces of the camels are turned towards the water and during which they are left to pasture; and لَيْلَةُ القَرَبِ, the second night: (As, TA:) but it has been said that لَيْلَةُ الطَّلَقِ means the second of the nights in which the camels repair to the water: Th says that الطَّلَقُ signifies the second of two days during which the camels seek the water when it is two days distant from them; and القَرَبُ, the first of those days: and it is said that لَيْلَةُ الطَّلَقِ means[the night of] the turning of the faces of the camels towards the water: but this explanation was not pleasing to ISd. (TA.) [See an ex. voce حَوْزٌ, in which it is used tropically.] b3: Also A heat; i. e. a single run, or run at once, to a goal, or limit; syn. شَوْطٌ; (S, IAth, O, Msb, K, TA;) meaning a running, of a horse, without restraining himself, [or without stopping,] to a goal, or limit: (Msb:) and the utmost extent to which a horse runs. (TA.) One says of a horse, عَدَا طَلَقًا or طَلَقَيْنِ [He ran a heat or two heats]. (S, O, Msb, K. [In the CK, erroneously, طَلْقًا and طَلْقَيْنِ.]) b4: And (hence, TA) (tropical:) A share, or portion, (Ibn-'Abbád, A, O, K, TA,) of property [&c.]. (A, TA.) A2: Also A shackle, or pair of shackles, (قَيْدٌ,) of skins: (S, M, O, K, TA:) or a rope strongly twisted, so that it will stand up. (TA.) b2: And sing. of أَطْلَاقٌ which signifies The [intestines into which the food passes from the stomach, termed the] أَمْعَآء, or the أَقْتَاب of the belly; (IDrd, O, K; * [in some copies of the last of which, القُنْبُ is erroneously put for القِتْبُ as one of the words explaining الطَّلَقُ;]) so in one or more of the dialects: AO says, in the belly are أَطْلَاق, of which the sing. is طَلَقٌ; (O, TA;) meaning the lines, or streaks, (طَرَائِق,) of the belly: and طَلَقُ البَطْنِ is also expl. [in like manner] as meaning the جُدَّة of the belly; pl. as above. (TA.) A3: Also The [plant called] شُبْرُم: [but what plant is meant by this is doubtful:] or a plant that is used in dyes: or this is a mistake: (K:) [or] accord. to Ibn-'Abbád, ↓ الطَّلْقُ is what is used in dyes; and is said to be the شُبْرُم: (O, TA: *) and (K) accord. to As, (O,) طَلَقٌ signifies a sort of medicament, (O, K,) which, when one is anointed therewith, (K,) i. e. with the extract thereof, (TA,) prevents the burning of fire: (K:) or a species of plant: so says As: (O:) the appellation by which it is generally known is ↓ طَلْق, with the ل quiescent; (O, K;) or this pronunciation is incorrect: (K:) and AHát mentions, (K, TA,) on the authority of As, (TA,) its being termed ↓ طِلْقٌ: (K, TA:) but it is not a plant: it is of the nature of stones, and of [what are termed] لِخَاف [thin white stones]; and probably he [referring to As] heard that it is called كَوْكَبُ الأَرْضِ, and therefore supposed it to be a plant; for if it were a plant, fire would burn it; but fire does not burn it, unless by means of artful contrivances: (O, TA:) the word is arabicized, from تَلَكْ: (K, TA: in the O written تِلك:) [it is the well-known mineral termed talc:] the Ra-ees [Ibn-Seenà, whom we call “ Avicenna,”] says, (TA,) it is a brightlyshining stone, that separates, when it is bruised, into several laminæ and split pieces, of which are made مَضَاوِى [correctly مَضَاوِئ, meaning small circular panes which are inserted in apertures to admit light,] for the [cupolas of] hot baths, instead of glass: the best is that of El-Yemen; then that of India; then that of El-Undulus [or El-Andalus]: the art employed in dissolving it consists in putting it into a piece of rag with some pebbles and immersing it in tepid water, then moving it about gently until it becomes dissolved and comes forth from the piece of rag into the water, whereupon the water is strained from it, and it is put in the sun to dry. (K, TA.) طَلِقٌ ذَلِقٌ: b2: and طَلِقُ الوَجْهِ: see طَلْقٌ.

طُلَقُ اللِّسَانِ: and لِسَانٌ طُلَقٌ ذُلَقٌ: see طَلْقٌ.

طُلُقٌ, (S, O, Msb, TA,) with two dammehs, (Msb, TA,) or ↓ طَلْقٌ, (K,) but this requires consideration, (TA,) Not shackled; applied to a she-camel, (S, O, Msb, TA,) and to a he-camel, (S, O, TA,) and to a person imprisoned; (O, TA;) as also ↓ طَالِقٌ applied to a she-camel; but طُلُقٌ is more common: (Aboo-Nasr, TA:) the pl. of طُلُقٌ is أَطْلَاقٌ. (S, TA.) See also طَلْقٌ, second sentence. b2: [Hence,] لِسَانٌ طُلُقٌ ذُلُقٌ: b3: and طُلُقُ اليَدَيْن: see طَلْقٌ again. b4: And طُلُقُ

إِحْدَى اَلقَوَائِمِ (assumed tropical:) A horse having one of the legs without [the whiteness termed] التَّحْجِيل. (S.) And طُلُقُ اليَدِ اليُمْنَى, (O,) or اليد اليمنى ↓ طُلْقُ, (K, [in this case again deviating from other authorities,]) (tropical:) A horse without تَحْجِيل in the right fore leg; (TA;) i. q. اليد اليمنى ↓ مُطْلَقُ. (O, K, TA.) And اليَدَيْنِ ↓ مُطْلَقَ (assumed tropical:) A horse having the fore legs free from تحجيل. (Msb.) b5: [As an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant,] طُلُقٌ, (Ibn-' Abbád, O,) or ↓ طَلْقٌ, (K, [but this, as in the instances above, is questionable,]) signifies (assumed tropical:) A gazelle: (Ibn-' Abbád, O, K:) so called because of the quickness of its running: (O, * TA:) pl. أَطْلَاقٌ. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) b6: And (assumed tropical:) A dog of the chase: (K:) because he is let loose; or because of the quickness of his running at the chase: (TA:) أَطْلَاقٌ is mentioned by Ibn-' Abbád as signifying dogs of the chase. (O.) طَلْقَةٌ [A single divorce: used in this sense in law-books]. (T and Msb in art. بت, &c.) طُلَقَةٌ: see مِطْلَاقٌ.

طَلَاقٌ is the inf. n. of طَلَقَت said of a woman: (Th, S, Mgh, O, K:) or the subst. therefrom: (Msb:) or [rather] it is also a subst. in the sense of تَطْلِيقٌ; (Mgh;) [whence,] طَلَاقُ المَرْأَةِ signifies (assumed tropical:) The letting the wife go her way: (Lth, O:) and it has two meanings: one is [the divorcing of the woman; i. e.] the dissolving of the wife's marriage-tie: and the other is the leaving, and dismissing, of the wife [either in an absolute sense or as is done by a single sentence of divorce]. (O, TA.) Some of the lawyers hold that the free woman whose husband is a slave is not separated but by three [sentences, as is the case when both husband and wife are free]; and the female slave whose husband is free, by two: some, that the wife in the former case is separated by two [sentences]; and in the latter case, by not less than three: and some, that when the husband is a slave and the wife is free, or the reverse, or when both are slaves, the wife is separated by two [sentences]. (TA.) طَلِيقٌ A captive having his bond loosed from him, (S, O, K, TA,) and let go. (TA.) See also طَلْقٌ, first sentence. b2: And (assumed tropical:) A man freed from slavery; emancipated; i. q. عَتِيقٌ; i. e. who has become free: pl. طُلَقَآءُ. (TA.) b3: It is said in a trad., الطُّلَقَآءُ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ وَالعُتَقَآءُ مِنْ ثَقِيفٍ (assumed tropical:) [The طُلَقَآء are of Kureysh; and the عُتَقَآء, of Thakeef]: الطلقاء being app. applied to Kureysh as it has a more special signification than العتقاء: but accord. to Th, الطُّلَقَآءُ signifies those who have been brought within the pale of El-Islám against their will. (TA.) b4: طَلِيقُ اللِّسَانِ: and لِسَانٌ طَلِيقٌ ذَلِيقٌ: b5: and طَلِيقُ اليَدَيْنِ: b6: and طَلِيقُ الوَجْهِ: see طَلْقٌ again; the last in two places. b7: طَلِيقُ الإِلٰهِ means (tropical:) The wind. (O, K, TA.) طَلَّاقٌ: see مِطْلَاقٌ.

طِلِّيقٌ: see مِطْلَاقٌ.

طَالِقٌ A she-camel not having having her fore shank and her arm bound together: (TA:) or not having upon her a خِطَام [or halter]: (IDrd, O, K:) or repairing to the water; and so ↓ مِطْلَاقٌ; (Aboo-Nasr, K, TA;) of which latter she pl. is مَطَالِيقُ: (TA:) or that is left a day and a night and then milked: (K:) pl. طَوَالِقُ and أَطْلَاقٌ and طَلَقَةٌ; which last is expl. by AA as meaning she-camels that are milked in the place of pasturing. (TA.) See also طُلُقٌ, first sentence: and for an explanation of the pl. طَوَالِقُ applied to camels, see طَلَقٌ, second sentence. Also (O), طَالِقٌ, (S, O,) or طَالِقَةٌ, (K,) signifies A she-camel which the pastor leaves for himself, not milking her at the water: (S, O, K:) the former is expl. by Esh-Sheybánee as meaning one which the pastor leaves [with her udder bound] with her صِرَار, not milking her in the place where she lies down to rest: (TA:) or the latter signifies, (Lth, O, K,) and the former also, (Lth, O,) a she-camel that is set loose among the tribe to pasture where she will in any part of the tract adjacent to their place of alighting or abode, (Lth, O, K, [من جِنانِهِمْ in the CK being erroneously put for مِنْ جَنَابِهِمْ,]) that has not her fore shank and her arm bound together when she returns in the afternoon or evening, nor is turned away [from the others] in the place of pasturage: (Lth, O:) or طَالِقٌ signifies a she-camel, (S, Msb,) and a ewe, (S,) that is set loose, or dismissed, to pasture where she will: (S, Msb:) and also as first expl. in this sentence: (S:) it is mentioned by ElFárábee as signifying a ewe left to pasture by herself, alone. (Msb.) b2: [Hence,] طَالِقٌ and طَالِقَةٌ, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) the former, without ة, used by all, (Msb,) the latter occurring in a verse of El-Aashà, (S, Mgh, * O, Msb,) ending a hemistich, and pronounced طَالِقَةٌ, (S, O, Msb, [which cite the verse somewhat differently,]) (tropical:) A woman [divorced, or] left to go her way, (S, * Mgh, * O, Msb, *) or separated from her husband [by a sentence of divorce]: (S, * Mgh, * Mgh, * K, TA:) both mentioned by Akh: (O, TA:) accord. to IAmb, one says طَالِقٌ only, because it applies only to a female: accord. to Lth and IF, طَالِقَةٌ means طَالِقَةٌ غَدًا [divorced, &c., to-morrow]; and Lth adds that it is thus to accord with its verb, طَلَقَتْ: some, however, say that the ه is affixed in the verse of El-Aashà by poetic license, to complete the hemistich; but an Arab of the desert, in reciting this verse to As, is related to have said طَالِقٌ [which equally completes the hemistich]: and the Basrees hold that the sign of the fem. gender is elided in طَالِقٌ because it is a possessive epithet, meaning ذَاتُ طَلَاقٍ [having divorce]. (Msb.) b3: أُوْجُهٌ طَوَالِقُ: b4: and لَيْلَةٌ طَالِقَةٌ and لَيَالٍ طَوَالِقُ: see طَلْقٌ, latter half.

طُتَيْلِيقٌ dim. of اِطِّلَاقٌ. (S, O.) See 8.

تُطَيْلِيقٌ dim. of اِسْتِطْلَاقٌ. (S, O.) See 10.

مُطْلَقٌ: see طَلْقٌ, first sentence. b2: [Hence,] يَدُهُ مُطْلَقَةٌ: see طَلْقٌ again, former half. b3: See also مَآءٌ مُطْلَقٌ طِلْقٌ. means (assumed tropical:) Water that is unrestricted. (TA.) And حُكْمٌ مُطْلَقٌ means (assumed tropical:) [A judicial decision, or an ordinance or the like, or a rule, that is unrestricted, or absolute, or] in which is no exception. (TA.) b4: مُطْلَقُ اليَدِ اليُمْنَى: and مُطْلَقَ اليَدَيْنِ: each applied to a horse: see طُلُقٌ.

A2: [Golius, as on the authority of Meyd, explains it as signifying also A place where horses meet to be sent forth to run, or race: but what here next follows inclines me to think that it may be correctly مُطَلَّقٌ.]

مُطَلِّقٌ One desiring to outstrip with his horse in a race. (K.) مِطْلَاقٌ: see طَالِقٌ.

A2: Also, (S, O, Msb, K,) and ↓ مِطْلِيقٌ, (O, Msb, K,) and ↓ طُلَقَةٌ, (S, O, K,) and ↓ طِلِّيقٌ, (K,) and ↓ طَلَّاقٌ, this last mentioned by Z, (TA,) (tropical:) One who oftentimes divorces, or dismisses, wives. (S, O, Msb, K, TA.) مِطْلِيقٌ: see what next precedes.

مَطْلُوقَةٌ: see طَلْقٌ. b2: اِمْرَأَةٌ مَطْلُوقَةٌ (assumed tropical:) A woman taken with the pains of parturition. (Mgh, Msb.) مُطَيْلِقٌ and مُطَيْلِيقٌ dims. of مُنْطَلِقٌ. (S.) مُتَطَلَِّقُ اللِّسَانِ: see طَلْقٌ, former half.

مُنْطَلِقُ اللِّسَانِ: see طَلْقٌ, former half.

نُطَيْلِيقٌ: dim. of اِنْطِلَاقٌ. (S, O.) See 7.