زند

1 زَنَدَ النَّارَ, aor. ـِ He produced fire [with a زَنْد and زَنْدَة]. (A, TA.) b2: [Hence,] زَنَدُوا نَارَ الحَرْبِ (assumed tropical:) [They kindled the fire of war]. (A, TA.) A2: See also 2.

A3: زَنِدَ, aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. زَنَدٌ, (TK,) He (a man, TA) thirsted. (K.) A4: زَنِدَتْ, inf. n. زَنَدٌ, said of a she-camel, Her womb came forth on her giving birth. (L.) 2 زنّد, inf. n. تَزْنِيدٌ, He made his زَنْد to produce fire. (K.) A2: He lied. (K.) A3: He filled (K, TA) a water-skin, or milk-skin; (TA;) as also ↓ زَنَدَ, (K, TA,) inf. n. زَنْدٌ; and in like manner a watering-trough, and a vessel: and he filled his water-skin, or milk-skin, so that it became like the زَنْد, i. e. [hard, or firm, being] full. (TA.) b2: [He made, or rendered, narrow. Yousay,] لِلْفَرَسِ مَنْخِرٌ لَمْ يُزَنَّدْ The horse has a nostril which was not made narrow when he was created. (A, TA.) b3: [He straitened, or scanted; made strait, or scanty: see the pass. part. n. Hence, app.,] زنّد عَلَى أَهْلِهِ [He straitened, or scanted, his family; made their circumstances, or subsistence, strait, or scanty, to them;] he was hard, severe, or rigorous, to his family. (L.) b4: He punished beyond his right. (K, TA.) b5: He charged with niggardliness: (TA:) or he, or it, made, or rendered, niggardly, mean, or sordid. (KL.) b6: زُنِّدَتِ النَّاقَةُ, inf. n. تَزْنِيدٌ, The she-camel, having a [tumour of the kind called] قَرْن in her vulva, had her vulva perforated on every side, and leathern thongs inserted in the holes and tied tight: (ISh, TA:) or تَزْنِيدٌ [as inf. n. of زُنِّدَتْ] signifies a she-camel's having the vulva perforated with small sharp-pointed pieces of wood, and then tied with [threads or strings of] hair: this is done when her womb comes forth after her having given birth; (S, K;) on the authority of IDrd, with ن and ى. (S.) A4: See also the next paragraph.4 ازند, (K,) said of a man, (TA,) i. q. زَادَ [He exceeded, &c.]. (K, TA.) b2: [Hence, app.,] مَا يُزْنِدُكَ أَحَدٌ عَلَيْهِ, as also ↓ ما يُزَنِّدُكَ, i. q. مَا يَزِيدُكَ [meaning No one is more sufficient for thee than he: see art. زيد]: (K:) or no one exceeds him to thee in excellence. (TA.) A2: ازند فِى

وَجَعِهِ i. q. رَجَعَ [i. e. He relapsed in his pain.] (K.) 5 تزنّد He was, or became, straitened, or embarrassed, and contracted in his bosom: (A:) he was, or became, straitened, or embarrassed, so as to be unable to reply, or to answer: and he was angry; (A, K;) and was incensed. (TA.) The saying of 'Adee, إِذَا أَنْتَ فَاكَهْتَ الرِّجَالَ فَلَا تَلَغْ وَقُلْ مِثْلَ مَا قَالُوا وَلَا تَتَزَنَّدِ

[When thou jestest with men, be not altogether foolish, but say like as they have said, and be not straitened, &c.,] some relate with ى [in the last word, saying تَتَزَيَّدِ: see art. زيد]. (TA.) زَنْدٌ [A piece of stick, or wood, for producing fire;;] the upper one of the two pieces of stick, or wood, (عُودَانِ, S, M, L, K, or خَشَبَتَانِ, L,) with which fire is produced [in a manner described below]; (S, M, L, K;) of the masc. gender; (Msb;) [or masc. and fem.: (see مِيقَادٌ, in art. وقد:)] and ↓ زَنْدَةٌ is the appellation of the lower one thereof, (S, M, L, K,) in which is the notch, or hollow, (فُرْضَة, M, L, or فَرْض, A in art. فرض,) or in which is a hole (ثَقْب, S), [whence the fire is produced;] and this is fem.: (S, M:) one end of the زَنْد is put into the فَرْض of the زَنْدَة, and the زَنْد is then [rapidly] twirled round, in producing fire: (A in art. فرض:) [the best kind of زَنْد is made of عَفَار; and the best kind of ↓ زَنْدَة, of مَرْخ: (see these two words:)] the dual زَنْدَانِ is applied to the two together; (S, M, L;) [and so, very often, is the sing. زَنْدٌ:] one should not say زَنْدَتَانِ; (S, M, L, K;) for it is a well-known rule that predominance is to be attributed to the masc.: (MF:) the pl. [of mult.] is ↓ زِنَادٌ, (S, M, Mgh, L, Msb, K,) which is also syn. with زَنْدٌ, (Kr, L,) and زُنُودٌ (L) and [of pauc.] أَزْنُدٌ and أَزْنَادٌ, (S, M, L, K,) the last anomalous [accord. to general opinion because the medial radical is not an infirm letter]; (TA;) and pl. pl. أَزَانِدُ. (L.) Hence one says, إِنَّهُ لَوَارِى الزَّنْدِ, (TA,) or وَارِى

الزِّنَادِ, (A,) (tropical:) [lit. He is one whose زَنْد produces fire, or whose زِنَاد produce fire,] alluding to generosity and other commended qualities [of the person to whom it is applied]. (TA.) And وَرَتْ بِكَ زِنَادِى (tropical:) [lit. My زناد have, or has, produced fire by thy means], (S, A, K,) said by thee to one who has aided, or assisted, thee. (S, K.) And أَنَا مُقْتَدِحٌ بِزَنْدِكَ وَكُلُّ خَيْرٍ عِنْدِى مِنْ عِنْدِكَ (tropical:) [lit. I am one who produces fire by means of thy زند, and all the good in my possession is from thee]. (A.) [Hence also,] لَا يَرُدُّ بُكَاىَ زَنْدًا (assumed tropical:) [My weeping will not bring as a return for it so much as a زند; i. e. it will not avail aught]. (Ham p. 83.) And زَنْدَانِ فِى مُرَقَّعَةٍ: see art. رقع. and زَنْدَانِ فِى وِعَآءٍ (assumed tropical:) [Two pieces of stick, or wood, for producing fire, in a bag or the like]: a prov. denoting lowness, ignobleness, meanness, or weakness; and applied to two weak persons together. (Meyd.) And لَيْسَ فِى جَفِيرِهِ غَيْرُ زَنْدَيْنِ: see art. جفر. b2: Hence, (A,) (tropical:) Each of the two bones of the fore arm; [the radius and the ulna;] (A, Mgh, L;) one of which is more slender than the other: the extremity of the زند next the thumb is called كُوعٌ, and that of the زند next the little finger is called كُرْسُوعٌ: the رُسْغ [or wrist] is the place of junction of the زَنْدَانِ, and the part where the hand of the thief is cut off: (L:) in this sense masc.; but improperly made fem.: (Mgh:) the two bones above mentioned are called the زَنْدَانِ as being likened to the زندان with which fire is produced. (A, Mgh. *) And in some one or more of the dialects, الأَعْلَى مِنْ الزَّنْدَيْنِ is The سَاعِد [q. v.]; and الأَسْفَلُ مِنَ الزَّنْدَينِ, the ذِرَاع [q. v.]. (L and TA in art. سعد.) [Also] The part of the fore arm which is divested of flesh: of the masc. gender: pl. زُنُودٌ. (Msb.) And (L) The part where the extremity of the fore arm joins to the hand [on the side of the thumb and also on the side of the little finger, as is shown by what follows]: there are two parts called together زَنْدَانِ; (S, L, K;) the كُوع and the كُرْسُوع. (S, L.) A2: Also A certain thorny tree. (K.) زَنَدٌ A دُرْجَة (K, TA) consisting of a stone wrapped up in pieces of rag (TA) which is stuffed into a she-camel's vulva, when she is made to take a liking to the young one of another: (K:) it has a string attached to it; and when it distresses her, they pull it out, and she imagines that she has brought forth a young one: so say AO and others. (TA.) زَنْدَةٌ: see زَنْدٌ, in two places.

زِنَادٌ: see زَنْدٌ; of which it is a pl., and with which it is also syn. [In the present day it is commonly applied to A steel for striking fire: and has for its pl. أَزْنِدَةٌ.]

مُزَنَّدٌ [Made, or rendered, narrow]. You say ثَوْبٌ مُزَنَّدٌ A garment, or piece of cloth, of little width. (S, K.) And مَزَادَةٌ مُزَنَّدَةٌ [A leathern water-bag] narrow, but long; [such that] when thou seest that there is somewhat in it, [thou lookest again, and] lo, there is nothing in it. (A, TA.) b2: A small, scanty, gift. (A, TA. *) b3: Narrow; (S, K;) niggardly; (S, A, K;) tenacious; (TA;) who will not confer a small benefit: (A:) low, ignoble, mean, or sordid: (TA:) charged with niggardliness, and held to be little: (Ham p. 178:) and i. q. دَعِىٌّ [i. e. one whose origin, or lineage, is suspected; or an adopted son; &c.]. (K.) And A man quick in becoming angry. (L.)

غرب

1 غَرَبَ, aor. ـُ (TA,) inf. n. غَرْبٌ, (K, TA,) He, or it, went, went away, passed away, or departed. (K, * TA.) b2: And He retired, or removed, (K, * TA,) عَنِ النَّاسِ [from men, or from the people]. (TA.) b3: And غَرَبَ, (S, K, TA,) aor. and inf. n. as above; (TA;) and ↓ غرّب; (A, TA;) and ↓ تغرّب; (K, TA;) He, or it, became distant, or remote; or went to a distance. (S, A, K, TA.) One says, اُغْرُبْ عَنِّى Go thou, or withdraw, to a distance from me. (S.) b4: And غَرَبَ and ↓ غرّب He, or it, became absent, or hidden. (K.) The former is said of a wild animal, meaning He retired from view, or hid himself, in his lurking-place. (A.) b5: And غَرَبَتِ الشَّمْسُ, (S, Msb, TA,) aor. ـُ (Msb,) inf. n. غُرُوبٌ (S, Msb, TA) and مَغْرِبٌ [which is anomalous] and مُغَيْرِبَانٌ [which is more extr.], (TA,) The sun set: (S, Msb, TA:) and غَرَبَ النَّجْمُ The star set. (TA.) A2: غَرْبٌ [app. as an inf. n. of which the verb is غَرَبَ] signifies also (assumed tropical:) The being brisk, lively, or sprightly. (K.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) The persevering (K, TA) in an affair. (TA.) b3: غَرَبَتِ العَيْنٌ, inf. n. غَرْبٌ, The eye was affected with a tumour such as is termed غَرْبٌ [q. v.] in the inner angle. (TA.) A3: غَرُبَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. غَرَابَةٌ or غُرْبَةٌ and غُرْبٌ, said of a man: see 5. b2: غَرُبَ, (K, TA,) inf. n. غَرَابَةٌ, said of language, (A, TA,) It was strange, or far from being intelligible; difficult to be understood; obscure. (A, * K, TA.) And in like manner, you say, غَرُبَتِ الكَلِمَةُ [which also signifies The word was strange as meaning unusual]. (A, TA.) A4: غَرِبَ, aor. ـَ (K, TA,) inf. n. غَرَبٌ, (TA,) He, or it, was, or became, black. (K, TA.) A5: غَرِبَتْ said of a ewe or she-goat, She was, or became, affected with the disease termed غَرَبٌ meaning as expl. below. (S.) A6: See also غَرَبٌ in another sense.2 غرّب, inf. n. تَغْرِيبٌ: see 1, in two places: and 4, likewise in two places: b2: and see also 5. b3: Also He went into the west: (TA in this art.:) he directed himself towards the west. (TA in art. شرق.) One says, غَرِّبْ شَرِّقْ [Go thou to the west go thou to the east: meaning go far and wide]. (A, TA.) [See also 4.]

A2: He made, or caused. him, or it, to be, or become, distant, remote, far off, or aloof: (Mgh:) he removed, put away, or put aside, him, or it; as also ↓ اغرب. (TA.) b2: And غرّب, (Msb,) inf. n. as above, (S, Mgh, Msb,) He banished a person from the country, or town, (S, * Mgh, * Msb, TA,) in which a dishonest action had been committed [by him]. (TA.) b3: and He divorced a wife. (TA, from a trad.) b4: and غرّبهُ الدَّهْرُ, and غرّب عَلَيْهِ, Fortune left him distant, or remote. (TA.) A3: تَغْرِيبٌ signifies also, accord. to the K, The bringing forth white children: and also, black children: thus having two contr. meanings: but this is a mistake; the meaning being, the bringing forth both white and black children: the bringing forth either of the two kinds only is not thus termed, as Saadee Chelebee has pointed out. (MF, TA.) A4: Also The collecting and eating [hail and] snow and hear-frost; (K;) i. e., غُرَاب. (TA.) A5: See also غَرَبٌ.4 إِغْرَابٌ signifies The going far into a land, or country; as also ↓ تَغْرِيبٌ. (K.) And you say, الكِلَابُ ↓ غرّبت The dogs went far in search, or pursuit, of the object, or objects, of the chase. (A, TA.) b2: See also 5. b3: And اغرب signifies He made the place to which he cast, or shot, to be distant, or remote. (A.) b4: Also, (TA,) inf. n. as above, (K, TA,) He (a horse) ran much: (K:) or اغرب فِى جَرْيِهِ, said of a horse, (A, TA,) he exceeded the usual bounds, or degree, in his running: (A:) or he ran at the utmost rate. (TA.) b5: And اغرب فِى الضَّحِكِ, (A, K,) and ↓ اِسْتَغْرَبَ فِيهِ, (S, A, * K, *) and ↓ اُسْتُغْرِبَ (K, TA) i. e. فى

الضّحك, and ضَحِكًا ↓ اِسْتَغْرَبَ occurring in a trad. and عَلَيْهِ الضَّحِكُ ↓ اِسْتَغْرَبَ, and اغرب الضَّحِكَ, (TA,) He exceeded the usual bounds, or degree, in laughing; (A, K, TA;) or he laughed [immoderately, or] violently, or vehemently, and much: (S, TA:) or i. q. قَهْقَهَ [q. v.]: (TA:) or اغرب signifies he laughed so that the غُرُوب [or sharpness and lustre &c.] of his teeth appeared: (L, TA:) or اغرب فى الضحك means he exceeded the usual bounds, or degree, in laughing, so that his eye shed tears [which are sometimes termed غَرْب]. (Har p. 572.) In the saying, in a certain form of prayer, ↓ أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ كُلِّ شَيْطَانٍ مُسْتَغْرِبٍ [I seek protection by Thee from every devil &c.], the meaning of مستغرب is thought by El-Harbee to be exorbitant in evilness, wickedness, or the like; as though from الاِسْتِغْرَابُ فِى الضَّحِكِ: or it may mean sharp, or vehement, in the utmost degree. (TA.) b6: And اغرب, (S, Msb,) inf. n. as above, (K,) He did, or said, what was strange, or extraordinary. (S, Msb, K.) You say, تَكَلَّمَ فَأَغْرَبَ He spoke, and said what was strange, and used extraordinary words: and يُغْرِبُ فِى كَلَامِهِ [He uses strange, or extraordinary, words in his speech]. (A, TA.) b7: Also, (TA,) inf. n. as above, (K,) He came to the west. (K, TA.) [See also 2.]

A2: اغرب also signifies He had a white child born to him. (TA.) b2: And إِغْرَابٌ signifies Whiteness of the groins, (K, TA,) next the flank. (TA.) You say, of a man, اغرب meaning He was white in his groins. (TK.) A3: See also غَرَبٌ.

A4: اغرب as trans.: see 2. b2: إِغْرَابٌ said of a rider signifies His making his horse to run until he dies: (K:) or, accord. to Fr, one says, اعرب عَلَى

فَرَسِهِ meaning “ he made his horse to run: ” [or اعرب فَرَسَهُ has this meaning: (see 4 in art. عرب:)] but he adds that some say اغرب. (O in art. عرب.) b3: And اغرب, (S, TA,) inf. n. as above, (K, TA,) He filled (S, K, TA) a skin, (S, TA,) and a watering-trough or tank, and a vessel. (TA.) Bishr (Ibn-Abee-Kházim, TA) says, وَكَأَنَّ ظُعْنَهُمُ غَدَاةَ تَحَمَّلُوا

↓ سُفُنٌ تَكَفَّأُ فِى خَلِيجٍ مُغْرَبِ [And as though their women's camel-vehicles, on the morning when they bound the burdens on their beasts and departed, were ships inclining forwards (or moving from side to side like the tall palm-tree) in a filled river (or canal)]. (S.) b4: Hence, (TA,) إِغْرَابٌ signifies also Abundance of wealth, and goodliness of condition: (K, TA:) because abundance of wealth fills the hands of the possessor thereof, and goodliness of condition fills [with satisfaction] the soul of the goodly person. (TA.) [Therefore the verb, meaning He was endowed (as though filled) with abundance of wealth and with goodliness of condition, is app. أُغْرِبَ; not (as is implied in the TK) أَغْرَبَ: the explanation of the verb in the TK is, his wealth was, or became, abundant, and his condition was, or became, goodly.] b5: One says also (of a man, S) أُغْرِبَ (with damm, K) meaning His pain became intense, or violent, (As, S, K, TA,) from disease or some other cause. (TA.) b6: And أُغْرِبَ عَلَيْهِ, accord. to the K, signifies A foul, or an evil, deed was done to him; and [it is said that] أُغْرِبَ بِهِ signifies the same: but in other works, [the verb must app. be in the act. form, for] the explanation is, he did [to him] a foul, or an evil, deed. (TA.) b7: And أُغْرِبَ said of a horse, His blaze spread (S, K) so that it took in his eyes, and the edges of his eyelids were white: and it is used in like manner to signify that they were white by reason of what is termed زَرَقٌ [inf. n. of زَرِقَ, q. v.]. (S, TA.) See its part. n., مُغْرَبٌ.5 تغرّب: see 1, third sentence. b2: تغرّب and ↓ اغترب are syn., (S, Msb, K,) signifying He became [a stranger, a foreigner; or] far, or distant, from his home, or native country; (S, * Msb, K;) [he went abroad, to a foreign place or country;] and so ↓ غَرُبَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. غَرَابَةٌ, (Msb,) or غُرْبَةٌ (MA) [and app. غُرْبٌ, this last and غُرْبَةٌ being syn. with تَغَرُّبٌ and اِغْتِرَابٌ, and being like قُرْبَةٌ and قُرْبٌ inf. ns. of قَرُبَ]; and بِنَفْسِهِ ↓ غَرَّبَ, (Mgh, * Msb,) inf. n. تَغْرِيبٌ; (Msb;) and ↓ أَغْرَبَ, (Aboo-Nasr, S,) or this last signifies he entered upon الغُرْبَة [the state, or condition, of a stranger, &c.]. (Msb.) b3: And تغرّب signifies also He came from the direction of the west. (K.) 8 اغترب: see 5. b2: Also He married to one not of his kindred. (S, K.) It is said in a trad., اِغْتَرِبُوا وَلَا تُضْوُوا (TA) [expl. in art. ضوى].10 إِسْتَغْرَبَ see 4, in four places.

A2: استغربهُ He held it to be, or reckoned it, غَرِيب [i. e. strange, far from being intelligible, difficult to be understood, obscure; or extraordinary, unfamiliar, or unusual; and improbable]. (MA.) غَرْبٌ [an inf. n. of غَرَبَ, q. v., in several senses. b2: As a simple subst.,] Distance, or remoteness; and so ↓ غَرْبَةٌ. (A, K.) النَّوَى ↓ غَرْبَةُ [in one of my copies of the S غُرْبَة] means The distance, or remoteness, of the place which one purposes to reach in his journey. (S, TA.) b3: [And hence, used as an epithet, Distant, or remote.] You say نَوًى غَرْبَةٌ [in one of my copies of the S غُرْبَةٌ] A distant, or remote, place which one purposes to reach in his journey. (S, A. *) And دَارُ فُلَانٍ

غَرْبَةٌ The house, or abode, of such a one is distant, or remote. (TA.) And دَرَاهِمُ غَرْبَةٌ Distant money [so that it is not easily attainable]. (TA.) and عَيْنٌ غَرْبَةٌ A far-seeing eye: and إِنَّهُ لَغَرْبُ العَيْنِ Verily he is far-seeing; and of a woman you say غَرْبَةُ العَيْنِ. (TA.) A2: And الغَرْبُ is syn. with

↓ المَغْرِبُ, (S, M, Msb, K,) which latter is also pronounced ↓ المَغْرَبُ, with fet-h to the ر, but more commonly with kesr, (Msb,) or accord. to analogy it should be with fet-h, but usage has given it kesr, as in the case of المَشْرِقُ; (TA;) [both signify The west;] الغَرْبُ is the contr. of الشَّرْقُ; (M, TA;) and ↓ المَغْرِبُ [is the contr. of المَشْرِقُ, and] originally signifies the place [or point] of sunset, (TA,) as also الشَّمْسِ ↓ مَغْرِبَانُ; (K;) and is likewise used to signify the time of sunset; and also as an inf. n.: (TA:) and ↓ المَغْرِبَانِ signifies the two places [or points] where the sun sets; i. e. the furthest [or northernmost] place of sunset in summer [W. 26 degrees N. in Central Arabia] and the furthest [or southernmost] place of sunset in winter [W. 26 degrees S. in Central Arabia]: (T, TA:) between these two points are a hundred and eighty points, every one of which is called مَغْرِبٌ; and so between the two points called المَشْرِقَانِ. (TA.) A3: غَرْبٌ signifies also The first part (S, K) of a thing (K) [and particularly] (assumed tropical:) of the run of a horse. (S.) b2: And The حَدّ [or edge] (S, K) of a thing, as also ↓ غُرَابٌ, (K,) or of a sword and of anything; (S;) and thus [particularly] the ↓ غُرَاب of the فَأْس [or adz, &c.]. (S, K.) b3: And (assumed tropical:) Sharpness (S, A, Msb, TA) of a sword, (TA,) or of anything, such as the فَأْس [or adz, &c.], and of the knife, (Msb,) and (Msb, TA) (assumed tropical:) of the tongue: (S, A, Msb, TA:) and [as meaning (assumed tropical:) sharpness of temper or the like, passionateness, irritability, or vehemence,] of a man, (TA,) and of a horse, (S, TA,) and of youth: (A, TA:) [from the same word signifying the “ edge ” of a sword &c.: whence the saying, أَرْهِفْ غَرْبَ ذِهْنِكَ لَمَا أَقُولُ (mentioned in the A and TA in art. ارهف) meaning (tropical:) Sharpen the edge of thine intellect for what I say:] and ↓ غَرْبَةٌ signifies the same. (TA.) And Vehemence of might or strength, or of valour or prowess, of men; syn. شَوْكَةٌ. (TA.) [And hence, app., (assumed tropical:) Briskness, liveliness, or sprightliness: and (assumed tropical:) perseverance in an affair: see the first paragraph.] b4: Also, [used as an epithet,] (assumed tropical:) Sharp, applied to a sword [and the like], and to a tongue. (TA.) And, applied to a horse, (assumed tropical:) That runs much: (S, K:) or that casts himself forward, with uninterrupted running, not desisting until he has gone far with his ride. (TA.) A4: And A large دَلْو [or leathern bucket], (S, Mgh, Msb, K, TA,) made of a bull's hide, (Mgh, TA,) with which one draws water on the [camel, or she-camel, called] سَانِيَة [q. v.]: (Msb:) of the masc. gender: pl. غُرُوبٌ. (TA.) So expl. in the following words of a trad.: أَخَذَ الدَّلْوَ عُمَرُ فَاسْتَحَالَتْ غَرْبًا ['Omar took the دلو, and it became changed into a غرب]; i. e. when he took the دلو to draw water, it became large in his hand: for the conquests in his time were more than those in the time of Aboo-Bekr. (IAth, TA.) b2: And A [camel, or any beast, such as is called] رَاوِيَة, (K, TA,) upon which water is carried. (TA.) b3: And accord. to the K, A day of irrigation: but [this is app. a mistake: for] Az says that Lth has mentioned the phrase فِى يَوْمِ غَرْبٍ, meaning thereby in a day in which water is drawn with the [large bucket called] غَرْب, [ for irrigation,] on the [camel, or she-camel, called]

سَانِيَة. (TA.) A5: And Tears (K, TA) when they come forth from the eye: (TA:) or غُرُوبٌ signifies tears; (S;) and is pl. of غَرْبٌ. (TA.) A poet says, مَا لَكَ لَا تَذْكُرُ أُمَّ عَمْرِو

إِلَّا لِعَيْنَيْكَ غُرُوبٌ تَجْرِى

[What aileth thee, that thou dost not mention Umm-'Amr but thine eyes have tears flowing?]. (S, TA.) And it is said of Ibn-'Abbás, in a trad., كَانَ مِثَجًّا يَسِيلُ غَرْبًا i. e. (tropical:) [He was an eloquent orator, flowing with] a copious and uninterrupted stream of knowledge, likened to غَرْب as meaning “ tears coming forth from the eye. ” (TA.) b2: and A flowing, (مَسِيلٌ, K,) or vehement flowing, (اِنْهِلَالٌ, A, K,) in one copy of the K اِنْهِمَالٌ [which means a flowing], (TA,) of tears from the eye: (A, K:) and a single flow (فَيْضَةٌ) of tears, and of wine. (K.) b3: And A certain vein, or duct, (عِرْقٌ,) in the channel of the tears, (S, Mgh,) or in the eye, (A, K,) that flows [with tears] uninterruptedly; (S, A, Msb, K;) like what is termed نَاسُورٌ. (S, Mgh.) One says of a person whose tears flow without intermission, بَعَيْنِهِ غَرْبٌ. (As, S, Mgh.) And [the pl.] الغُرُوبُ signifies The channels of the tears. (S.) b4: Also The inner angle of the eye, and the outer angle thereof. (S, A, K.) b5: And A tumour in the inner angles of the eyes; (Mgh, K;) as also ↓ غَرَبٌ. (Mgh.) b6: And A pustule (بَثْرَةٌ) in the eye, (K, TA,) which discharges blood, and the bleeding of which will not be stopped. (TA.) b7: And Abundance of saliva (K, TA) in the mouth; (TA;) and the moisture thereof, i. e., of saliva: (K:) pl. غُرُوبٌ. (TA.) And The place where the saliva collects and remains: (K, TA:) or the غَرْب in a tooth is the place where the saliva thereof collects and remains: (TA:) or غَرْبٌ, (TA,) or its pl. غُرُوبٌ, (S, TA,) signifies the sharpness, and مَآء

[meaning lustre], (S, TA,) of the tooth, (TA,) or of the teeth: (S, TA:) accord. to the T and M and Nh and L, غُرُوبُ الأَسْنَانِ signifies the places where the saliva of the teeth collects and remains: or, as some say, their extremities and sharpness and مَآء [which may here mean either water or lustre]: or the مَآء that runs upon the teeth: (TA:) or their مَآء, and shining whiteness: (A, TA:) or their fineness, or thinness, and sharpness: or غُرُوبٌ signifies the sharp, or serrated, edges of the fore teeth: it is also, as pl. of غَرْبٌ, expl. as signifying the مَآء of the فَم [by which may be meant either the water of the mouth or the lustre of the teeth, for الفَمُ properly signifies “ the mouth ” and metonymically “ the teeth ”], and the sharpness of the teeth: and accord. to MF, as on the authority of the Nh, [but SM expresses a doubt as to its correctness,] it is also applied to the teeth [themselves]. (TA.) [See also شَنَبٌ, in two places.]

A6: أَصَابَهُ سَهْمُ غَرْبٍ and ↓ سَهْمُ غَرَبٍ, and سَهْمٌ غَرْبٌ and ↓ سَهْمٌ غَرَبٌ, (S, Msb, * K,) the second of which, i. e. ↓ سَهْمُ غَرَبٍ, accord. to IKt, is the most approved, (MF,) mean An arrow of which the shooter was not known [struck him]: (S, Msb, K:) or, accord. to some, سهم غَرْب signifies an arrow from an unknown quarter; سهم

↓ غَرَب, an arrow that is shot and that strikes another. (TA.) A7: And غَرْبٌ signifies also A certain tree of El-Hijáz, (K, TA,) green, (TA,) large, or thick, and thorny, (K, TA,) whence is made [or prepared] the كُحَيْل [i. e. tar] with which [mangy] camels are smeared: [or it is a coll. gen. n., for] its n. un. is with ة: so says ISd: كحيل is قَطِرَان, of the dial. of El-Hijáz: and he [app. ISd] says also, the أَبْهَل [q. v.] is the same as the غَرْب, because قطران is extracted from it. (TA.) Hence, as some say, (K, TA,) the trad., (TA,) لَا يَزَالُ أَهْلُ الغَرْبِ ظَاهِرِينَ عَلَى

الحَقِّ [The people of the غرب will not cease to be attainers of the truth, or of the true religion]: (K, TA:) or the meaning is, the people of Syria, because Syria is [a little to the] west of El-Hijáz: or the people of sharpness, and of vehemence of might or strength, or of valour or prowess; i. e. the warriors against unbelievers: or the people of the bucket called غَرْب; i. e. the Arabs: or the people of the west; which meaning is considered by Iyád and others the most probable, because, in the relation of the trad. by Ed-Dárakutnee, the word in question is المَغْرِب. (L, TA.) غُرْبٌ: see غُرْبَةٌ.

غَرَبٌ Silver: or a [vessel such as is termed] جَام of silver; (S, K;) [i. e.] a [drinking-cup or bowl such as is termed] قَدَح of silver. (L, TA.) A poet says, فَدَعْدَعَا سُرَّةَ الرَّكَآءِ كَمَا دَعْدَعَ سَاقِى الأَعَاجِمِ الغَرَبَا cited in the S as being by El-Aashà but it is said in the L, IB says, this verse is by Lebeed, not by El-Aashà, describing two torrents meeting together; meaning, And they filled the middle of the valley of Er-Rehà, also, but less correctly, called Er-Rikà, like as the cup-bearer of the اعاجم [or foreigners] fills the silver قَدَح with wine: the verse of El-Aashà in which [it is said that] غَرَب occurs as meaning “ silver ” is, إِذَا انْكَبَّ أَزْهَرُ بَيْنَ السُّقَاةِ تَرَامَوْا بِهِ غَرَبًا وَنُضَارَا i. e. When a white wine-jug is turned down so as to pour out its contents [among the cup-bearers], they hand it, i. e. the wine in the cups, one to another [while it resembles silver or gold]: (L, TA:) غَرَبًا is here in the accus. case as a denotative of state, though signifying a substance: [and so نُضَارَا:] but it is said that غَرَبٌ and نُضَارٌ signify species of trees from which are made [drinkingcups or bowls such as are termed] أَقْدَاح [pl. of قَدَحٌ]: and it is said in the T that نُضَارٌ signifies a species of trees from which are made yellow أَقْدَاح. (TA.) b2: [In explanation of the last of the applications of غَرَبٌ mentioned above, it is said that] it signifies also A species of trees (T, S, ISd, TA) from which are made white [drinking-cups or bowls of the kind termed] أَقْدَاح; (T, TA;) called in Pers\. إِسبِيدْ دَار [or إِسْپِيدَار]: (S:) [generally held to mean the willow; like the Hebr.

עֲרָבִים; or particularly the species called salix Babylonica: a coll. gen. n.:] n. un. with ة. (ISd, TA.) [Avicenna (Ibn-Seenà), in book ii. p. 279, mentions a tree called غرب, but describes only the uses and supposed properties of its bark &c., particularizing its صَمْغ; whence it appears that he means the غَرْب, not the غَرَب.] b3: It also signifies A [vessel of the kind termed] قَدَح [perhaps such as is made from the species of trees above mentioned]: (K, TA:) and its pl. is أَغْرَابٌ. (TA.) b4: And Gold. (K.) b5: And Wine. (S, K.) b6: And The water that drops from the buckets between the well and the watering-trough or tank, (S, K,) and which soon alters in odour: (S:) or any water that pours from the buckets from about the mouth of the well to the wateringtrough or tank, and that soon alters in odour: or the water and mud that are around the well and the watering-trough or tank: (TA:) and (as some say, TA) the odour of water and mud: (K:) so called because it soon alters. (TA.) [Hence] one says, لا تغرب, [thus in the TA, so that it may be ↓ لا تَغْرُبْ or ↓ لا تُغَرِّبْ or ↓ لا تُغْرِبْ,] meaning Spill not thou the water between the well and the watering-trough or tank, so as to make mud. (TA.) A2: Also A certain disease in sheep or goats, (S, K,) like the سَعَف in the she-camel, in consequence of which the hair of the خُرْطُوم [i. e. nose, or fore part of the nose,] and that of the eyes fall off. (S.) b2: And [A colour such as is termed] زَرَق [q. v.] in the eye of a horse, (K, TA,) together with whiteness thereof. (TA.) b3: See also غَرْبٌ, latter half, in five places.

غُرُبٌ: see غَرِيبٌ.

غَرْبَةٌ: see غَرْبٌ, former half, in three places.

غُرْبَةٌ (S, K) and ↓ غُرْبٌ (K) [as simple substs. The state, or condition, of a stranger or foreigner: but originally both are, app., inf. ns. of غَرُبَ, like قُرْبَةٌ and قُرْبٌ of قَرُبَ, signifying] the being far, or distant, from one's home, or native country; (K;) i. q. اِغْتِرَابٌ (S, K) and تَغَرُّبٌ. (K.) A2: Also, the former, Pure, or unmixed, whiteness. (IAar, TA.) [See مُغْرَبٌ.]

غَرْبِىٌّ [Of, or relating to, the west, or place of sunset; western]: see غَارِبٌ. b2: [Also,] applied to trees (شَجَرٌ), Smitten, or affected, by the sun at the time of its setting. (K.) [Respecting the meaning of its fem. in the Kur xxiv. 35, see شَرْقِىٌّ.]

A2: And A sort of dates: (K:) but accord. to AHn, the word is غُرَابِىٌّ [q. v.]. (TA.) b2: And The [sort of] نَبِيذ that is termed فَضِيخ [i. e. a beverage made from crushed unripe dates without being put upon the fire]: (K, TA:) or [a beverage] prepared only from fresh ripe dates; the drinker of which ceases not to possess selfrestraint as long as the wind does not blow upon him; but if he goes forth into the air, and the wind blows upon him, his reason departs: wherefore one of its drinkers says, إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ غَرْبِيُّكُمْ جَيِّدًا فَنَحْنُ بِاللّٰهِ وَبِالرِّيحِ

[If your gharbee be not excellent, we (put our trust) in God and in the wind]. (AHn, TA.) b3: And A certain red صِبْغ [i. e. dye, or perhaps sauce, or fluid seasoning]. (K.) غَرْبِيبٌ One of the most excellent kinds of grapes; (K;) a sort of grapes growing at Et-Táïf, in-tensely black, of the most exceuent, and most delicate, and blackest, of grapes. (TA.) [See an ex. in a verse cited voce عَجِيبَةٌ.] b2: Applied to an old man, Intensely black [app. in the hair]: or whose hair does not become white, or hoary: (TA:) or, so applied, who blackens his white, or hoary, hair with dye: (K, TA:) occurring in a trad., in which it is said that God hates such an old man: pl. غَرَابِيبُ. (TA.) b3: أَسْوَدُ غِرْبِيبٌ means Intensely black: but if you say غَرَابِيبُ سُودٌ, you make the latter word a substitute for the former; because a word corroborative of one signifying a colour cannot precede; (S, K;) nor can the corroborative of any word: (Suh, MF:) or, accord. to Hr, غَرَابِيبُ سُودٌ [in the Kur xxxv.

25], relating to mountains, means Streaks having black rocks. (TA.) غُرَابٌ A certain black bird, (TA,) well known; (K, TA;) [the corvus, or crow;] of which there are several species; [namely, the raven, carrioncrow, rook, jackdaw, jay, magpie, &c.:] and it was used as a proper name, which, as is said in a trad., he [i. e. Mohammad] changed, because the word implies the meaning of distance, and because it is the name of a foul bird: (TA:) the pl. [of mult.] is غِرْبَانٌ (S, Msb, K) and غُرْبٌ (K) and (of pauc., S) أَغْرِبَةٌ (S, Msb, K) and أَغْرُبٌ; (Msb, K;) and pl. pl. غَرَابِينُ. (K.) When the Arabs characterize a land as fertile, they say, وَقَعَ فِى أَرْضٍ لَا يُطَيَّرُ غُرَابُهَا (tropical:) [He lighted upon a land of which the crow will not be made to fly away; because of its abundant herbage: see also طَيَّرَ]: and وَجَدَ ثَمَرَةَ الغُرَابِ (assumed tropical:) [He found the fruit of the crow]; because that bird seeks after and chooses the most excellent of fruits. (TA.) They also say, طَارَ غُرَابُ فُلَانٍ (tropical:) [The crow of such a one flew away], meaning the head of such a one became white, or hoary. (A, TA. [See also a similar phrase below.]) Also, فُلَانٌ أَبْصَرُ مِنْ غُرَابٍ [Such a one is more sharp-sighted than a crow]: and أَحْذَرُ [more cautious]: and أَزْهَى

[more proud]: and أَشْأَمُ [more inauspicious]: &c.: they say that this bird is more inauspicious than any other inauspicious thing upon the earth. (TA.) In the phrase ↓ غُرَابٌ غَارِبٌ, the epithet is added to give intensiveness to the signification. (TA.) غُرَابُ البَيْنِ has been expl. in art. بين. b2: الغُرَابُ is the name of (assumed tropical:) One of the southern constellations, [i. e. Corvus,] consisting of seven stars [in the enumeration of Ptolemy], behind البَاطِيَة [which is Crater], to the south of السِّمَاكُ الأَعْزَلُ [i. e. Spica Virginis]. (Kzw.) b3: أَغْرِبَةُ العَرَبِ is an appellation of (assumed tropical:) The blacks [lit. crows] of the Arabs; the black Arabs: (K, TA:) likened to the birds called اغربة, in respect of their complexion: (TA:) in all of them the blackness was derived from their mothers. (MF, TA.) The أَغْرِبَة in the Time of Ignorance were 'Antarah and Khufáf Ibn-Nudbeh (asserted to have been a Mukhadram, TA) and Aboo-'Omeyr Ibn-El- Hobáb and Suleyk Ibn-Es-Sulakeh (a famous runner, TA) and Hishám Ibn-'Okbeh-Ibn-AbeeMo'eyt; but this last was a Mukhadram: and those among the Islámees, 'Abd-Allah Ibn-Khá- zim and 'Omeyr Ibn-Abee-'Omeyr and Hemmám [in the CK Humám] Ibn-Mutarrif and Munteshir Ibn-Wahb and Matar Ibn-Abee-Owfà and Taäbbata-Sharrà and Esh-Shenfarà and Hájiz; to the last of whom is given no appellation of the kind called “ nisbeh,” (K, TA,) in relation to father, mother, tribe, or place. (TA.) b4: رِجْلُ الغُرَابِ signifies (assumed tropical:) A certain herb, called in the language of the Barbar إِطْرِيلَال, (K, TA,) and in the present day زِرُّ الأَخِلَّةِ, (MF,) resembling the شِبِثّ [q. v., variously written in different copies of the K,] in its stem and in its جُمَّة [or node whence the flower grows] and in its lower part, or root, except that its flower is white, and it forms grains like those of the مَقْدُونِس [app. scandix cerefolium or apium petroselinum], (K, TA,) nearly: (TA:) a drachm of its seeds, bruised, and mixed with honey (K, TA) deprived of its froth, (TA,) is a tried medicine for eradicating [the species of leprosy which are called] the بَرَص and the بَهَق, being drunk; and sometimes is added to it a quarter of a drachm of عَاقِرْ قَرْحَا, (K, TA,) which is [commonly] known by the name of عود القرح [i. e. عُودُ القَرْحِ, both of these being names now applied to pyrethrum, i. e. pellitory of Spain, but the latter, accord. to Forskål (Flora Ægypt. Arab. p. cxix.), applied in El-Yemen to the cacalia sonchifolia, or to a species of senecio]; (TA;) the patient sitting in a hot sun, with the diseased parts uncovered: (K, TA:) [see also رِجْلٌ: now applied to the chelidonium hybridum of Linn., chelidonium dodecandrum of Forsk.: (Delile's Floræ Ægypt. Illustr. no. 502:) in Bocthor's Dict. Français-Arabe, both the names of رجل الغراب and اطريلال are given to the plants called cerfeuil (or chervil) and corne de cerf (or buck'shorn plantain, also called coronopus).] b5: Also (i. e. رِجْلُ الغُرَابِ) A certain mode of binding the udder of a camel, (S, K,) tightly, (S,) so that the young one cannot suck; (K;) nor will it undo. (TA.) [Hence] one says, صُرَّ عَلَيْهِ رِجْلُ الغُرَابِ, meaning (tropical:) The affair was, or became, difficult, or strait, to him: (A, * K:) or his life, or subsistence, was, or became, so. (TA.) [And in like manner one says also أَصَرَّ, accord. to the TA: but this I think doubtful; believing that أَصَرَّ is a mistranscription for صَرَّ, meaning that one says also صَرَّ عَلَيْهِ رِجْلَ الغُرَابِ i. e. He bound him with a bond not to be undone, or that would not undo; or he straitened him. See, again, رِجْلٌ; and a verse there cited as an ex.]

A2: الغُرَابَانِ signifies The two lower extremities of the two hips, or haunches, that are next to the upper parts of the thighs: (K, TA:) or the heads, and highest parts, of the hips, or haunches: (TA:) or two thin bones, lower than what is called the فَرَاشَة [or, app., فَرَاش, q. v.]: (K, TA:) or, in a horse and in a camel, the two extremities of the haunches, namely, their two edges, on the left and right, that are above the tail, at the junction of the head of the haunch, (As, S, TA,) where the upper parts of the haunch, on the right and left, meet: (TA:) or the two extremities of the haunch that are behind the قَطَاة [or fore part of the croup]: (IAar, TA:) pl. غِرْبَانٌ: Dhu-r-Rummeh says, referring to camels, تَقَوَّبَ عَنْ غِرْبَانِ أَوْرَاكِهَا الخَطْرُ meaning تَقَوَّبَتْ غِرْبَانُهَا عَنِ الخَطْرِ [The prominences of their haunches were excoriated from the lashing with the tails], the phrase being inverted, for the meaning is known; (S in this art.;) or تَقَوَّبَ may be for قَوَّبَ [i. e. the saying means the lashing with the tails excoriated the prominences of the haunches]: (S in art. خطر:) or غِرْبَانٌ signifies the haunches themselves, of camels: and is employed [by a synecdoche] to signify camels [themselves]: (IAar, TA:) and [the sing.] غُرَابٌ is also expl. as meaning the extremity of the haunch that is next the back. (L, TA.) b2: غُرَابٌ signifies also The whole of the back of the head. (K, TA.) You say, شَابَ غُرَابُهُ The hair of the whole of the back of his head became white, or hoary. (TA. [See a similar phrase above in this paragraph.]) b3: See also غُرْبٌ, former half, in two places.

A3: And A bunch of بَرِير [or fruit of the أَرَاك, q. v.]: (K:) or a black bunch thereof: pl. غِرْبَانٌ: (TA:) or غِرْبَانُ البَرِيرِ signifies the ripe fruit of the أَرَاك. (S.) A4: And Hail, and snow, (K, TA,) and hoar-frost: from مُغْرَبٌ signifying the “ dawn; ” because of their whiteness. (TA.) غُرُوبٌ pl. of غَرْبٌ [q. v.]. b2: [Golius assigns to it the meaning of وِهَادٌ, which he renders “ Depressiores terræ; ” as on the authority of J: but I do not find this in the S.]

غَرِيبٌ (S, Msb, K) and ↓ غُرُبٌ (S, K) and ↓ غَرِيبِىٌّ (AA, TA) signify the same, (S, K, TA,) [A stranger, or foreigner;] one far, or distant, from his home, or native country; (Msb;) a man not of one's own people: (TA:) a man not of one's own kindred; an alien with respect to kindred; (S in explanation of the first;) pl. of the first غُرَبَآءُ; (S, TA;) and غُرْبٌ [also] is a pl. of غَرِيبٌ, like as قُرْبٌ is of قَرِيبٌ: (TA in art. زلف:) fem. of the first غَرِيبَةٌ; pl. غَرَائِبُ. (L, TA.) أَذَاعَتْ غَزْلَهَا فِى الغَرَائِبِ, a phrase used by a poet, means She distributed her thread among the strange women: for most of the women who spin for hire are strangers. (L, TA.) And one says وَجْهٌ كَمِرْآةِ الغَرِيبَةِ [A face like the mirror of her who is a stranger]: because, the غَرِيبَة being among such as are not her own people, her mirror is always polished; for she has none to give her a sincere opinion respecting her face. (A.) and لَأَضْرِبَنَّكُمْ ضَرْبَ غَرِيبَةِ الإِبِلِ (tropical:) [I will assuredly beat you with the beating of the strange one of the camels] is a saying of El-Hajjáj threatening the subjects of his government; meaning, as a strange camel, intruding among others when they come to water, is beaten and driven away. (IAth, TA.) And [hence] قِدْحٌ غَرِيبٌ means (assumed tropical:) [An arrow, without feathers or head,] such as is not of the same trees whereof are the rest of the arrows. (TA.) b2: غَرِيبٌ signifies also Language that is strange; [unusual, extraordinary, or unfamiliar;] far from being intelligible; difficult to be understood; or obscure. (Msb, TA.) Hence, مُصَنَّفُ الغَرِيبِ [The composition on the subject of the strange kind of words &c.]. (A, TA.) [Hence also الغَرِيبَانِ The two classes of strange words &c., namely, those occurring in the Kur-án, and those of the Traditions.] And كَلِمَةٌ غَرِيبَةٌ A word, or an expression, that is [strange, &c., or] obscure: (A, TA:) غَرِيبَةٌ applied to a word [and often used as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant] is opposed to فَصِيحَةٌ: and its pl. is غَرَائِبُ. (Mz 13th نوع.) b3: [And hence it often signifies Improbable.] b4: Applied to a trad., it means Traced up uninterruptedly to the Apostle of God, but related by only one person. of the تَابِعُونَ or of those termed أَتْبَاعُ التَّابِعِينَ or of those termed أَتْبَاعُ أَتْبَاعِ التَّابِعِينَ. (KT.) A2: [The fem.] غَرِيبَةٌ, in a verse of Aboo-Kebeer El-Hudhalee, as some relate it, is expl. by Skr as meaning Black; syn. سَوْدَآءُ. (TA voce عَزِيزَةُ [q. v. It is perhaps used by poetic license for غِرْبِيبَةٌ, fem. of غِرْبِيبٌ.]) غَرِيبَةٌ fem. of غَرِيبٌ [q. v.] b2: [Hence, as a subst.,] الغَرِيبَةُ signifies (tropical:) The hand-mill: so called because the neighbours borrow it, (A, K, TA.) and thus it does not remain with its owners. (A, TA.) غُرَابِىٌّ A sort of dates. (AHn, K, TA. [See also غَرْبِىٌّ.]) In some copies of the K, for تمر is put ثمر: the former is the right. (TA.) غَرِيبِىٌّ: see غَرِيبٌ.

غَارِبٌ [The western side of a mountain &c.]. You say, هٰذَا غَارِبُ الجَبَلِ and ↓ غَرْبِيُّهُ [This is the western side of the mountain], and [in the opposite sense] هذا شَارِقُ الجَبَلِ and شَرْقِيُّهُ. (TA in art. شرق.) A2: Also The كَاهِل [or withers], (A, K, TA,) of the camel; (TA;) or the part between the hump and the neck; (S, A, Msb, K, TA;) upon which the leading-rope is thrown when the camel is sent to pasture where he will: (Msb:) pl. غَوَارِبُ. (Msb, K.) b2: Hence the saying, (S, &c.,) حَبْلُكِ عَلَى غَارِبِكِ [Thy rope is upon thy withers]; (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K, TA;) used (Msb, TA) by the Arabs in the Time of Ignorance (TA) in divorcing; (Msb, TA;) meaning (tropical:) I have left thy way free, or open, to thee; (TA;) go whithersoever thou wilt: (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K, TA:) originating from the fact of throwing a she-camel's leading-rope upon her withers, if it is upon her, when she pastures; for when she sees the leading-rope, nothing is productive of enjoyment to her. (As, S, TA.) b3: الغَارِبَانِ signifies The fore and kind parts of the back [and of the hump]: and بَعِيرٌ ذُو غَارِبَيْنِ, A camel whereof the part between the غاربان [or fore and kind parts] of the hump is cleft; which is mostly the case in the بَخَاتِىّ, whose sire is the فَالِج [or large twohumped camel of Es-Sind] and his dam Arabian. (TA.) b4: And غَارِبٌ signifies also The fore part of the hump: thus in the following saying, in a trad. of Ez-Zubeyr: فَمَا زَالَ يَفْتِلُ فِى الذِّرْوَةِ وَالغَارِبِ حَتَّى أَجَابَتْهُ عَائِشَةُ إِلَى الخُرُوجِ i. e. (assumed tropical:) [And he ceased not to twist the fur of] the upper part and the fore part of the hump [until 'Áïsheh gave him her consent to go forth]; meaning, he ceased not to practise guile with her, and to wheedle her, until she gave hun her consent: originating from the fact that, when a man desires to render a refractory camel tractable, and to attach to him the nose-rein, he passes his hand over him, and strokes his غارب, and twists its fur, until he has become familiar: (L, TA:) or غَارِبٌ signifies the upper portion of the fore part of the hump. (Lth, TA.) b5: Also (tropical:) The upper part of a wave: (Lth, TA:) غَوَارِبُ المَآءِ means (tropical:) the higher parts of the waves of water; (S, K, TA;) likened to the غوارب of camels: (S, TA:) or the higher parts of water. (TA.) b6: And (assumed tropical:) The highest part of anything. (Msb, TA.) A3: See also غُرَابٌ, first quarter.

مَغْرِبٌ and مَغْرَبٌ: see غَرْبٌ, first quarter, in four. places. You say, لَقِيتُهُ مَغْرِبَ الشَّمْسِ (K, TA) and ↓ مَغْرِبَانَهَا (K, * TA) and مَغْرِبَانَاتِهَا (TA) and ↓ مُغَيْرِبَانَهَا (S, K) and مُغَيْرِبَانَاتِهَا (S, * K) I met, or found, him, or it, at sunset. (K, TA.) [It is said that] ↓ مُغَيْرِبَانٌ is a dim. formed from a word other than that which is its proper source of derivation; being as though formed from ↓ مَغْرِبَانٌ. (S, L. [Hence it seems that this last word as given above was unknown to, or not admitted by, the authors of these two works.]) b2: مَغْرِبٌ signifies also Anything [meaning any place] that conceals, veils, or covers, one: pl. مَغَارِبُ, which is applied to the lucking-places of wild animals. (Az, TA.) مُغْرَبٌ: see 4, latter half. b2: Also White; (S, K;) as an epithet applied to anything: or that of which every partis white; and this is the ugliest kind of whiteness. (K.) And White in the edges of the eyelids; (S, K;) as an epithet applied to anything: (S:) a camel of which the edges of the eyelids, and the iris of each eye, and the hair of the tail, and every part, are white: (IAar, TA:) and a horse of which the blaze upon his face extends beyond his eyes. (TA.) And عَيْنٌ مُغْرَبَةٌ An eye which is blue [or gray], and of which the edges of the lids, and the surrounding parts, are white: when the iris also is white, the ↓ إِغْرَاب is of the utmost degree. (TA.) b3: Also The dawn of day: (K, TA:) so called because of its whiteness. (TA.) عَنْقَآءُ مُغْرِبٌ (A, K) and مُغْرِبَةٌ and مُغْرِبٍ, and العَنقَآءُ المُغْرِبُ, (K,) A certain bird, of which the name is known, but the body is unknown: (A, K:) or a certain great bird, that goes far in its flight or they are words having no meaning [except the meanings here following]. (A, L, K.) [See also art. عنق.] b2: Calamity, or misfortune. (K.) طَارَتْ بِهِ عَنْقَآءُ مُغْرِبٌ means Calamity, or misfortune, carried him off, or away. (TA.) [See, again, art. عنق.] b3: And The summit of an [eminence of the kind called] أَكَمَة: (K:) or العَنْقَآءُ المُغْرِبُ signifies the summit of an أَكَمَة on the highest part of a tall, or long, mountain so says Aboo-Málik, who denies that it means a bird. (TA.) b4: And [The people, or the woman,] that has gone far into a land, or country, so as not to be perceived nor seen: (K:) thus is expl. in the T العَنْقَآءُ المُغْرِبُ, as transmitted from the Arabs, with the ة suppressed in like manner as it is in لِحْيَةٌ نَاصِلٌ meaning “ an intensely white beard. ” (TA.) مَغْرِبَانٌ; pl. مَغْرِبَانَاتٌ: see غَرْبٌ, first quarter: and see also مَغْرِبٌ, in two places.

مَغْرِبِىٌّ and مَغْرَبِىٌّ, or, accord. to some, the former only, but the latter is now common, Of the west; western: now generally meaning of the part of Northern Africa west of Egypt or of North-Western Africa: as applied to a man, its pl. is مَغَارِبَةٌ.]

شَأْوٌ مُغَرِّبٌ and مُغَرَّبٌ [A term, or limit, &c.,] distant, or remote. (S.) b2: And خَيَرٌ مُغَرِّبٌ Fresh, or recent, information, or news, from a foreign, or strange, land or country. (TA.) One says, هَلْ جَآءَكُمْ مُغَرِّبَةُ خَبَرٍ Has any information, or news, come to you from a foreign, or strange, land or country? (Yaakoob, S, TA:) and هَلْ مِنْ مُغَرِّبَةِ خَبَرٍ (A'Obeyd, A, Msb, TA) and مُغَرَّبَةِ خَبَرٍ (A'Obeyd, Msb, TA) Is there any information from a distant place? (A;) or any occasion of such information? (Msb;) or any new information from a distant land or country? or, accord. to Th, مغرّبة خبر means new, or recent, information. (TA.) [See an ex. voce جُنُبٌ: and see also مُقَرِّبٌ.] b3: المُغَرِّبُونَ, mentioned in a trad., (Hr, Nh, K, TA,) in which it is said, إِنَّ فِيكُمْ مُغَرِّبِينَ, (Hr, Nh, TA,) is expl. [app. by Mohammad] as meaning Those in whom the jinn [or demons] have a partnership, or share: so called because a foreign strain has entered into them, or because of their coming from a remote stock: (Hr, Nh, K, TA:) and by the jinn's having a partnership, or share, in them, is said to be meant their bidding them to commit adultery, or fornication, and making this to seem good to them; so that their children are unlawfully begotten: this expression being similar to one in the Kur xvii. 66. (Nh, TA.) b4: And مُغَرِّبٌ signifies also One going, or who goes, to, or towards, the west. (S.) [See an ex. voce مُشَرِّقٌ.]

مُغَيْرِبَانٌ; pl. مُغَيْرِبَانَاتٌ: see مَغْرِبٌ, in two places.

مُسْتَغْرِبٌ: see 4, former half.

جلب

1 جَلَبَ, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ and جَلُبَ, (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. جَلْبٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and جَلَبٌ, (S, K,) He drove, (A, K,) or brought, conveyed, or transported, (Mgh,) a thing, (S, A, * Mgh, Msb, K, *) or things, such as camels, sheep, goats, horses, captives, or slaves, or any merchandise, (TA,) from one place to another, (A, K,) or from one country or town to another, for the purpose of traffic; (Mgh;) as also ↓ اجتلب, (A, K, KL,) and ↓ استجلب. (KL.) And جَلَبْتُ الشَّىْءَ إِلَي نَفْسِى and ↓ اِجْتَلَبْتُهُ signify the same; (S;) i. e. (assumed tropical:) I brought, drew, attracted, or procured, the thing to myself. (PS.) [Hence,] ذَا مِمَّا يَجْلِبُ الإِخْوَانَ (tropical:) [This is of the things that bring, draw, attract, or procure, brothers, or friends]. (A, TA.) And الدَّهْرِ ↓ جَلَبَتُهُ جَوَالِبُ (tropical:) [The calamities of time, or of fortune, or of fate, brought, drew, or attracted, him, or it]. (A, TA.) [Hence also, accord. to some,] لَا جَلَبَ وَ لَا جَنَبَ, a trad., explained as meaning, The owner of cattle shall not be required to drive them, or bring them, to the town, or country, in order that the collector may take from them the portion appointed for the poor-rate, but this shall be taken at the waters; and when the cattle are in the yards, they shall be left therein, and not brought forth to the place of pasture, for the collector to take that portion: or, as some say, ولا جنب means, nor shall one have a horse led by his side, in a race, in order that, when he draws near to the goal, he may tranfser himself to it, and so outstrip his fellow: and other explanations have been given: (Msb:) [accord. to some,] لا جلب here means, they shall not drive, or bring, their cattle to the collector of the portions appointed for the poor-rate in the place where he alights, but he shall himself come to their yards and take those portions: or [جلب here is from the verb جَلَبَ in a sense which will be explained below, and] the trad. relates to horse-racing, and means, one shall not cause his horse to be followed by a man crying out at it and chiding it; nor shall he have a horse without a rider led by his own horse, in order that, when he draws near to the goal, he may transfer himself to it, and outstrip upon it: (Mgh:) or الجَلَبُ, which is forbidden, means the collector's not coming to the people at their waters to take the portions appointed for the poor-rate, but ordering them to drive, or bring, their cattle to him: or it relates to contending for a stake, or wager, and means the mounting a man upon one's horse, and, when he has drawn near to the goal, following his horse and crying out at it, in order that it may outstrip; which is a kind of fraud: (S:) or it is used in both these cases: (A 'Obeyd: [his explanations are virtually the same as those in the S:]) or the meaning of the trad. [so far as the former clause of it is concerned] is, that the contributions to the poor-rate shall not be driven, or brought, to the waters nor to the great towns, but shall be given in their places of pasture: or it means, [or rather الجلب means,] the collector's alighting in a place, and then sending a person, or persons, to drive, or bring, to him the cattle from their places, that he may take the portion thereof appointed for the poor-rate: or it [relates to horse-racing, and] means the sending forth a horse in the racecourse, and a number of persons' congregating, and crying out at it, in order that it may be turned from its course: or a man's following his horse, and spurring on behind it, and chiding it, and crying out at it: (K, TA:) or the shaking a thing behind a horse that is backward in a race, that it may be urged on thereby, and outstrip: or one's riding a horse, and leading behind him another, to urge it on, in contending for a stake, or wager: or the crying out at a horse from behind, and urging it to outstrip. (TA. See also 1 in art. جنب.) b2: جَلَبَ لأَهْلِهِ He gained or earned; sought or sought after or sought to gain [provisions &c.; generally meaning he purveyed]; and exercised art or cunning or skill, in the management of his affairs; for his family; as also ↓ اجلب. (Lh, K.) A2: جَلَبُوا, aor. ـِ and جَلُبَ, (K,) [inf. n. جَلَبٌ, and perhaps جَلَبَةٌ also;] and ↓ جلّبوا; (S, K;) and ↓ اجلبوا, (K,) inf. n. إِجْلَابٌ; (Mgh;) [the second of which is the most common;] They raised cries, shouts, noises, a clamour, (S, Mgh, TA,) or confused cries or shouts or noises. (Mgh, K. *) And جَلَبَ عَلَي فَرَسِهِ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (S, Msb,) inf. n. جَلَبٌ, (S,) or جَلْبٌ, (Msb,) He chid, or urged on, his horse; as also ↓ جلّب and ↓ اجلب; (K;) the first, rare; the second and third, usual: (TA:) he cried out at his horse, (S, K,) from behind him, and urged him to outstrip [in a race], (S,) aor. ـُ and جَلِبَ; (K; but this explanation is erased in the copy of the K in its author's handwriting, as being a repetition; and rightly, accord. to MF; though this requires consideration; TA;) as also ↓ اجلب: (S:) he urged his horse to run, by striking, or goading, or by crying out, or the like; as also ↓ اجلب: or, as some say, he led behind his horse that he was riding another horse to urge on the former, in contending [in a race] for a stake, or wager; as is shown in an explanation of the tradition cited above, لَا جَلَبَ وَلَا جَنَبَ. (TA.) It is said in the Kur [xvii. 66], عَلَيْهِمْ بِخَيْلِكَ وَرَجْلِكَ ↓ وَأَجْلِبْ And raise thou confused cries against them, (Mgh,) or cry out against them, with thy forces riding and on foot.(Bd. But see another explanation in what follows.) And it is said in a wellknown prov., جَلَبَتْ جَلْبَةً ثُمَّ أَمْسَكَتْ It, i. e. a cloud (سَحَابَة), thundered, then refrained from raining: applied to a coward, who threatens, and then is silent: but accord. to some, it is with ح in the place of ج (MF. See art. حلب.) b2: [Hence,] جَلَبَ, aor. ـِ and جَلُبَ; and ↓ اجلب; He threatened with evil; (K, TA;) followed by an accus. (TA) [or, app., by عَلَى before the object]: or (so in the TA, but in some copies of the K “ and,”) he collected a company, a troop, or an army. (K, TA.) [It is said that] عَلَيْهِمْ ↓ وَأَجْلِبْ, in the Kur [xvii. 66], means And collect thou against them [thy forces], and threaten them with evil. (TA. But see another explanation above.) And عَلَيْهِ ↓ اجلبو signifies also They collected themselves together against him, (S, K, *) and aided one another; like احلبوا. (S.) b3: جَلَبَ عَلَيْهِ, aor. ـُ inf. n. جَلْبٌ, He committed a crime against him; or an offence for which he should be punished. (K, * TA.) A3: جَلَبَ, aor. ـِ and جَلُبَ, (S, K,) It (a wound) healed: (K:) or it (an ulcer, As, or a wound, S) became covered with a skin in healing: (As, S:) as also ↓ اجلب. (S, L.) b2: And It (blood) dried; became dry; as also ↓ اجلب. (Lh, K.) A4: جَلِبَ, aor. ـَ It [app. a company or troop] assembled, or became collected together. (K.) 2 جَلَّبَ see 1, in two places.

A2: The inf. n. تَجْلِيبٌ also signifies The act of bringing together: or collecting. (KL.) 3 جَاْلَبَ [جالب is explained by Golius, as on the authority of the KL, as meaning He helped, or assisted: but this is a mistake for حالب; for I find مُحَالَبَةٌ explained by يارى كردن in a copy of the KL, and the order of the words there shows that it is not a mistranscriptiou for مجالبة.]4 اجلب: see 1, in eleven places, in the latter half of the paragraph.

A2: Also His camels brought forth males; (S, K;) because the males that they produce are driven, or brought, from one place to another, and sold; opposed to احلب “ his camels brought forth females: ” (S:) and his camel brought forth a male. (TA.) أَجْلَبْتَ وَلَا أَحْلَبْتَ May thy camels bring forth males, and may they not bring forth females, is a form of imprecation against a man, implying a wish that he may lose the milk [that he would have otherwise]. (TA.) A3: He aided, helped, or assisted, another. (S, K.) [So, too, احلب.]

A4: He put an amulet into a جُلْبَة [which must therefore signify the piece of skin in which an amulet is enclosed, as well as an amulet enclosed in a piece of skin: see مُجْلِبٌ]. (K.) b2: اجلب قَتَبَهُ, (S, K,) inf. n. إِجْلابٌ, (T,) He covered his قتب [or camel's saddle] (S, K) with a جُلْبَة, i. e., (S,) with a piece of fresh, moist skin, which he left upon it until it became dry [and tight]: (S, K: *) or he covered the head of his قتب with a piece of kid's, or lamb's, skin, and left it to dry upon it. (T.) 5 تَجَلَّبَ [تجلّب rendered by Golius Clamorem ac murmur excitavit, as on the authority of the K, I do not find in that lexicon nor in any other.]7 انجلب It [a camel, sheep, goat, horse, captive, or slave, or a number of camels &c., or any merchandise, (see 1, first sentence,)] was driven [or brought] from one place to another [or from one country or town to another, for the purpose of traffic]. (K.) 8 اجتلب: see 1, first and second sentences. b2: Also (assumed tropical:) He (a poet) took, or borrowed, from the poetry of another. (TA.) b3: And He sought or demanded [a thing]. (Har p. 44.) 10 استجلبهُ He sought, or demanded, or desired, that it [a camel, sheep, goat, horse, captive, or slave, or a number of camels &c., or any merchandise, (see 1, first sentence,)] should be driven [or brought] from one place to another [in which he was, or from one country or town to another, for sale]. (K.) b2: See also 1, first sentence. R. Q. 1 جَلْبَبَهُ, (K,) or جلببهُ جِلْبَابًا, (TA,) inf. n. جَلْبَبَةٌ, the second ب not being incorporated into the first because the word is quasi-coordinate to the class of دَحْرَجَةٌ, (S,) He put on him a garment of the kind called جِلْبَاب. (S, K.) Accord. to Kh, the first ب in جلبب is [augmentative] like the و in جَهْوَرَ and دَهْوَرَ: accord. to Yoo, the second is [augmentative] like the ى in سَلْقَى and جَعْبَى. (IJ, TA.) R. Q. 2 تَجَلْبَبَ, (K,) and تَجَلْبَبَتْ, (A, Msb,) He, and she, put on a garment of the kind called جِلْبَاب; or clad himself, and herself, therewith. (A, Msb, K.) And تجلبب بِثَوْبَهَ He covered himself with his garment. (Har p. 162.) جُلْبٌ: see جِلْبٌ b2: Also The blackness of night; (K, TA;) and so ↓ جِلْبَابٌ. (Har p. 480. [The latter evidently tropical in this sense, and perhaps the former also.]) جِلْبٌ (S, K) and ↓ جُلْبٌ (S, L) A camel's saddle of the kind called رَحْل, with what it contains, or comprises: (K:) or its cover: (Th, K:) or its pieces of wood: (S:) or its curved pieces of wood: (TA:) or its wood, without [the thongs called] أَنْسَاع and other apparatus. (K, TA.) A2: Also, both words, Clouds, (K,) or thin clouds, (S,) in which is no water: (S, K:) or clouds appearing, or extending sideways, (مُعْتَرِضٌ,) [in the horizon,] like a mountain [or mountainrange]: (K, TA:) or a cloud like that which is termed عَارِضٌ [q. v.], but narrower, and more distant, and inclining to blackness: (Az, TA in art. عرض:) pl. أَجْلَابٌ. (TA.) [See also جُلْبَةٌ.]

جَلَبٌ A thing, or things, driven, or brought, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) from one country or town to another, (S, Mgh, Msb,) or from one place to another, (A, K,) for the purpose of traffic; (Mgh;) as horses, &c., (K,) camels, (TA,) sheep or goats, captives or slaves, (Lth, TA,) or any merchandise: (TA:) and so ↓جَلَبَةٌ, thus in the handwriting of the author of the K in his last copy of that work, and mentioned by more than one, (MF, [who adds that it is correct, but SM thinks it a mistake,]) and ↓ جَلِيبَةٌ and ↓ جُلُوبَةٌ: (K:) [see this last, below:] pl. [of the first]

أَجْلَابٌ. (K.) Hence the prov., النُّفَاضُ يُقَطِّرُ الجَلَبَ The failure of provisions causes the camels, driven, or brought, from one place to another, to be disposed in files for sale. (TA.) b2: [And, app., Male camels; like جَلُوبَةٌ; because they are driven, or brought, from one place to another, and sold; (see 4;) opposed to حَلَبٌ, q. v.] b3: Also Persons who drive, or bring, camels and sheep or goats [&c.] from one place or country or town to another, for sale; and so [its pl.]

أَجْلَابٌ. (S.) [In the present day, ↓ جَلَّابٌ signifies One who brings slaves from foreign countries, particularly from African countries, for sale.]

A2: Also, (S, A, K,) and ↓ جَلَبَةٌ, (S, A, * Mgh, K,) [the former an inf. n., and so, perhaps, the latter, but often used as simple substs., the latter more commonly, meaning] Cries, shouts, noises, or clamour: (S, TA:) or a confusion, or mixture, (A, Mgh, K,) of cries or shouts or noises, (A, Mgh,) or of crying or shouting or noise. (K.) b2: And the former, An assembly of men. (TA.) جُلْبَةٌ The small piece of skin, (S,) or the crust, or scab, (A, K,) that forms over a wound (S, A, K) when it heals: (S, K:) pl. جُلَبٌ. (A.) b2: A piece of skin that is put upon the [kind of camel's saddle called] قَتَب. (S, K.) [See 4.] b3: [A piece of skin in which an amulet is enclosed: see 4.] b4: An amulet upon which is sewed a piece of skin: (K:) pl. as above. (TA.) b5: A detached portion of cloud: (K:) [or] a cloud covering the sky. (IAar, TA.) [See also جِلْبٌ.] b6: A piece of land differing from that which adjoins it; a patch of ground; syn. بُقْعَةٌ. (K.) One says, إِنَّهُ لَفِى جُلْبَةِ صِدْقٍ i. e. فى بُقْعَةِ صِدْقٍ [app. meaning (assumed tropical:) Verily he is in a good station or position: see art. بقع]. (TA.) b7: A detached portion of herbage or pasture. (K, * TA.) A2: Also Severity, or pressure, of time or fortune; (S, K;) like كُلْبَةٌ: (S:) and hunger: (so in some copies of the K:) or vehemence of hunger: (so in other copies of the K:) or severity; adversity; difficulty; trouble: (TA:) and a hard, distressful, or calamitous, year. (K.) جَلَبَةٌ: see جَلَبٌ, in two places.

جِلِبَّاتٌ (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.) and ↓ جِلْبَابٌ; (K;) the latter mentioned as an ex. of form by Sb, and thought by Seer to be syn. with the former, but not explained by any one except the author of the K; masc. and fem.; (TA;) A [woman's outer wrapping garment called] مِلْحَفَة: (S:) or this is its primary signification; but it is metaphorically applied to other kinds of garments: (El-Khafájee, TA:) or a shirt, (K, TA,) absolutely: or one that envelopes the whole body: (TA:) and a wide garment for a woman, less than the ملحفة: or one with which a woman covers over her other garments, like the ملحفة: or the [kind of head-covering called], خِمَار: (K:) so in the M: (TA:) or a garment wider than the خمار, but less than the رِدَآء (Mgh, L, Msb,) with which a woman covers her head and bosom: (L:) or a garment shorter, but wider, than the خمار; the same as the مِقْنَعَة: (En-Nadr, TA:) or a woman's head-covering: (TA:) or the [kind of wrapper called] إِزَار: (IAar, TA:) or a garment with which the person is entirely enveloped, so that not even a hand is left exposed, (Har p. 162, and TA,) of the kind called مُلَآءَة, worn by a woman: (TA:) or a garment, or other thing, that one uses as a covering: (IF, Msb:) pl. جَلَابِيبُ. (S, Mgh, Msb.) b2: See also جُلْبٌ. b3: (assumed tropical:) Dominion, sovereignty, or rule [with which a person is invested]. (K.) جُلْبَانٌ and جُلَبَانٌ: see جُلُبَّانٌ, in three places.

جِلِبَّابٌ: see جِلْبَابٌ.

جَلَبَّانٌ: see the next paragraph, last sentence.

جُلُبَّانٌ, (K, TA, in the CK جُلَّبان, and so in the TA in art. خرف,) and without teshdeed, (K,) [i. e.] ↓ جُلْبَانٌ, (S, Msb,) and, accord. to some, ↓ جُلَبَانٌ also, (Msb,) not heard by AHn from the Arabs of the desert but with teshdeed, though many others pronounce it without tesh-deed, and pronounced in the latter manner, he says, it may be a dial. var.; (TA;) [a coll. gen. n.;] A certain plant; (K;) or a certain grain, or seed, of the kind called قَطَانِىّ [i. e. pulse]; (Msb;) the [grain, or seed, called] خُلَّر, which is a thing resembling the مَاش: (S:) or a dust-coloured, dusky hind of grain or seed, which is cooked; of the colour of the ماش, except in its being of a more dusky shade; but larger: (T, TA:) a certain kind of grain or seed, resembling the ماش, of the kind called قَطَانِىّ, well known: (TA:) [a common kind of vetch, or pea, the common lathyrus, or blue chickling vetch, the lathyrus sativus of Linn., is called in Upper Egypt, and by some of the people of Lower Egypt also, جِلْبَان:] n. un. with ة. (TA.) A2: Also the first, (K,) and ↓ ة, (TA,) and ↓ جُلْبَانٌ, (MF, on the authority of Ibn-ElJowzee,) [like جُرُبَّانٌ and جُرْبَانٌ or جِرْبَانٌ,] A thing like a جِرَاب [or sword-case], of skin, or leather, (K, TA,) in which is put the sword sheathed, and in which the rider puts his whip and implements &c., and which he hangs upon the آخِرَة or the وَاسِط [see these two words] of the camel's saddle; derived from جُلْبَةٌ meaning “ a piece of skin that is put upon a قَتَب: ” (TA:) or the case (قِرَاب) of the sword-sheath, or scabbard: (K:) or جلبّانُ السِّلاحِ, occurring in a trad., signifies the case (قراب) with its contents: or the sword and bow and the like, which require some trouble to draw forth and use in fight; not such a weapon as the lance. (L, TA.) A3: Also the first, and ↓ جَلَبَّانٌ, (K, TA,) or ↓ جِلِبَّانٌ, (so in the CK,) A clamorous man; or one who makes a confused crying or shouting or noise. (K, TA.) جِلِبَّانٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places.

جُلُبَّانَةٌ and جِلِبَّانَةٌ: see جَلَّابَةٌ.

جُلُبْنَانَةٌ and جِلِبْنَانَةٌ: see جَلَّابَةٌ.

جَلِيبٌ, applied to a male slave, (A, Mgh, K,) One who is brought from one place or country or town to another [for sale]: (S, K:) or one who is brought to the country of the Muslims [for sale]: (Mgh:) pl. جَلْبَى and جُلَبآءُ. (K.) It is also applied [in like manner] to a woman: pl. جَلْبَى and جَلَائِبُ. (Lh, K.) جَلُوبَةٌ A thing that is driven or brought from one place or country or town to another for sale; (T, S, TA;) such as an aged she-camel, and a he-camel, and a young she-camel such as is called قَلُوص, and any other thing; but not applied to stallion-camels of generous race, that are used for procreation: pl. جَلَائِبُ: or the pl. signifies camels that are brought to a man sojourning at a water, who has not means of carriage; wherefore they put him [and his companions or goods &c.] thereon: (TA:) or جلوبة signifies male camels: [see also جَلَبٌ:] or camels that are laden with the goods or utensils &c. of the people: and it is used alike as pl. and sing. (K.) See جَلَبٌ, with which it is syn. (K.) جَلِيبَةٌ: see جَلَبٌ. b2: Also (assumed tropical:) An affected habit or disposition. (Ibn-Abi-l-Hadeed, MF.) جَلَّابٌ: see جَلَبٌ.

جُلَّابٌ Rose-water: an arabicized word, (K,) from the Persian [گُلْ آبْ]. (TA.) جَلَّابَةٌ and ↓ مُجَلِّبَةٌ and ↓ جِلِبَّانَةٌ (K, TA) and ↓ جُلُبَّانَةٌ (CK) and ↓ جِلِبْنَانَةٌ and ↓ جُلُبْنَانَةٌ, (K, TA,) applied to a woman, Clamorous, noisy, very loquacious or garrulous, and of evil disposition: (K, TA:) or جلبّانة signifies, thus applied, rude and coarse: (TA:) the ل in this word is not a substitute for the ر in جِرِبَّانَةٌ [which has a similar meaning]: for it is from الجَلَبَةُ. (IJ, TA.) جَالِبٌ (A) and ↓ جَالِبَةٌ (L) and ↓ مَجْلَبَةٌ (Har p. 194 &c.) [all signify] (assumed tropical:) A cause of bringing or drawing or attracting or procuring of a thing: (Har p. 194, in explanation of the last:) thus مَجْلَبَةُ الدَّمْعِ means (assumed tropical:) the cause of drawing tears: (1d p. 15:) pl. of the second, جَوَالِبُ; as in the phrase جَوَالِبُ القَدَرِ (assumed tropical:) [the drawing, or procuring, causes of destiny]: (L, TA:) pl. of the third, مَجَالِبُ. (Har p. 430.) You say, لِكُلِّ قَضَآءٍ جَالِبٌ وَلِكُلِّ دَرٍّ حَالِبٌ (tropical:) [For every decree of fate there is a drawing, or procuring, cause; and for every flow of milk there is a milker]. (A, TA.) and [hence] the pl. جَوَالِبُ signifies (assumed tropical:) Calamities, misfortunes, evil accidents, adversities, or difficulties. (TA.) See an ex. in the first paragraph, near the beginning. b2: قُرُوحٌ جَوَالِبُ and جُلَّبٌ Wounds, or ulcers, healing, or becoming covered with skin in healing. (As, TA.) جَالِبَةٌ: see the paragraph next preceding.

مُجْلِبٌ A person who puts an amulet into a case of skin: after which it is sewed upon [the headstall, or some other part of the trappings, of] a horse. (TA.) مَجْلَبَةٌ: see جَالِبٌ.

مُجَلِّبٌ, applied to thunder, (K,) and to rain, (TA,) Boisterous. (K, TA.) b2: مُجَلِّبَةٌ: see جَلَّابَةٌ.

يَنْجَلِبٌ A خَزَرَة [i. e. bead, or gem, or similar stone] (T, K, TA) used by the Arabs of the desert, (T, TA,) [or by the women of the desert, as a charm,] for captivating, or fascinating, men; (K, * TA;) or for bringing back after flight; (T, K;) or for procuring affection after hatred: (T, TA:) Az mentions it as a quadriliteral-radical word. (TA.) The Arab women used to say, فَلَا يَرُمْ وَلَا يَغِبْ أَخَّذْتُهُ بِاليَنْجَلِبْ وَلَا يَزِلْ عِنْدَ الطَّنَبْ [I have fascinated him with the yenjelib, and he shall not seek another, nor absent himself, nor cease to remain at the tent-rope]. (Lh, TA.)

فتق

1 فَتَقَهُ, (S, O, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ and فَتِقَ, [the former of which is the more common,] (Msb, TA,) inf. n. فَتْقٌ, (S, O, Msb,) He slit it, rent it, rent it asunder or open, or divided it lengthwise: (S, O, K:) disjoined it, or disunited it: (TA:) or undid the sewing of it, unsewed it, or unstitched it: (Msb:) contr. of رَتَقَهُ: (O, TA:) and ↓ فتّقهُ, (S, O, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَفْتِيقٌ, (S, O,) is like it in signification, (S, O, Msb, K,) but means he did so much, or many times. (Msb.) It is said of the heavens and the earth, in the Kur [xxi. 31], كَانَتَا رَتْقًا فَفَتَقْنَاهُمَا [expl. in art. رتق]. (O, TA.) b2: And (hence, TA) الفَتْقُ signifies (tropical:) The effecting of disunion and dissension among the community (T, S, O, K, TA) of the Muslims, (T, TA,) and the befalling of war (S, O, K, TA) among them, (S, O,) after verbal agreement respecting war on the frontier, or some other thing, (T, TA,) with the occurring of wounds and bloodsheddings. (TA.) One says, فَتَقَ فُلَانٌ بَيْنَهُمْ Such a one effected disunion, &c., between them, or among them, (TK.) b3: And sometimes it means (tropical:) The dissolving of a compact, or covenant. (TA.) b4: فَتَقَ العَجِينَ He put leaven such as is termed فِتَاق [q. v.] into the dough. (Lth, O, K.) b5: فَتَقَ المِسْكَ, (S, O, TA,) aor. ـُ (PS, [in the TA in the next following instance فَتَقَ, an evident mistranscription,]) inf. n. فَتْقٌ, He drew forth the odour of the musk [or increased its fragrance]

بِغَيْرِهِ by the admixture of some other thing: (S, O, TA:) and فَتَقَ الطِّيبَ, and الدُّهْنَ, he rendered fragrant, and mixed, [or rendered fragrant by mixing,] with aloes-wood &c., the perfume, and the oil. (TA.) A2: فَتِقَتِ المَرْأَةُ, aor. ـَ (TK,) inf. n. فَتَقٌ, (S, Mgh, O, K, TK,) The woman was, or became, such as is termed فَتْقَآء; (S, Mgh, O, K;) contr. of رَتِقَت. (TK.) b2: And فَتِقَ العَامُ, aor. ـَ inf. n. فَتَقٌ, (tropical:) The year was, or became, abundant with herbage. (S, * O, * K, TA.) It is related by Abu-l-Jowzà that the people were afflicted with drought, and complained to 'Áïsheh, who directed them to make an aperture towards the sky in the tomb of the Prophet, and they did so, and thereupon it rained so that the herbage grew, and the camels became fat to such a degree that they became swollen, or inflated, in the flanks (تَفَتَّقَتْ); whence it [the year] was called عَامُ الفَتَقِ. (O, TA.) 2 فَتَّقَ see the preceding paragraph, first sentence: b2: and see also فُتُقٌ. b3: فتّق الكَلَامَ (tropical:) He rectified the language; or trimmed it, and removed its faults, or defects: or, as Zj says, he made its meaning clear. (TA.) 4 افتق, said of a man, (TA,) or of a party of men, (O,) He was one, or they were persons, whose beasts were become fat (O, K, TA) so that they became swollen, or inflated, in the flanks (تَفَتَّقَتْ) (O, TA) by reason of the abundance of the herbage: (TA:) mentioned by AA. (O, TA.) b2: Said of the upper limb (قَرْن) of the sun [app. when a little above the eastern horizon], It reached a rent (فَتْق) in the clouds, and appeared therefrom. (ISk, S, O, K.) And, said of the moon, It appeared, after concealment, between two black clouds. (IAar, TA.) b3: Also, said of a party of men, They had the clouds parted asunder from [over] them. (S, O, K.) b4: And أَفْتَقْنَا We found, or lighted on a فَتْق, i. e. a place upon which rain had not fallen when it had fallen upon what was around it. (S, O, K. *) And We had no rain fallen upon our parts of the country when other parts had rain fallen upon them. (TA.) b5: And افتق (tropical:) He went forth to a فَتْق, or an open, and a spacious, place: (O, K, TA:) a verb, in this sense, similar to أَصْحَرَ and أَفْضَى. (O, TA.) A2: Also (tropical:) He became harassed by ↓ فُتُوق, meaning such evils as poverty and debt (O, K, TA) and hunger (O, TA) and disease. (K, TA.) A3: And He cleaned his teeth with the فِتَاق, or stem, or lower part, of the raceme of a palm-tree. (IAar, O, K. *) 5 تَفَتَّقَ see 7. b2: تفتّقت المَاشِيَةُ and ↓ انفتقت (assumed tropical:) The cattle became swollen, or inflated, in the flanks, by reason of fatness: in consequence of their becoming so, they die; or, sometimes, they become free from the disease: (TA:) one says of a camel, تفتّق سِمَنًا. (As, S, O, K.) And تفتّقت خَوَاصِرُ الغَنَمِ (assumed tropical:) The flanks of the sheep, or goats, became dilated by reason of much pasturing upon herbs, or leguminous plants. (TA.) It is said in a description of the Prophet, كَانَ فِى خَاصِرَتَيْهِ

↓ انْفِتَاقٌ, (O, TA,) meaning (assumed tropical:) [There was in his flanks] a flaccidity, or laxness: or a swollen, or an inflated, state: (O:) or a dilatation, which is approved in men, but disapproved in women. (TA.) b3: تفتّق بِالكَلَامِ [see فُتُقٌ] (tropical:) He was diffuse, or profuse, in speech [as though bursting therewith]. (TA.) 7 انفتق quasi-pass. of فَتَقَهُ [i. e. it signifies It became slit, rent, rent asunder or open, or divided lengthwise: became disjoined, or disunited: or became unsewed, or unstitched]: (S, * O, Msb, K: *) and ↓ تفتّق is quasi-pass. of فتّقهُ [i. e. it signifies it became slit, &c., much, or in many places, or it is said of a number of things]. (S, * O, K. *) b2: انفتقت آبَاطُهُ is said of a fat child [meaning His armpits became chapped, or cracked]. (S in art. ضب.) b3: انفتق الغَيْمُ عَنِ الشَّمْسِ (O, K, TA) i. e. [The clouds became parted asunder, or] became removed, or cleared away, from [before] the sun: (TA:) and عَنِ القَوْمِ [from over the party of men]. (S, O, K.) b4: انفتقت عَلَيْهِ بَائِقَةٌ (assumed tropical:) [A calamity, misfortune, or disaster, burst upon him]. (S and K in art. بوق, &c.) b5: انفتقت said of a she-camel, She was seized with a disease, (Az, O, K,) termed ↓ فَتَقٌ, (TA,) between her udder and her navel, (Az, O, K,) occasioned by fatness: sometimes in this case she recovers, (Az, O,) and sometimes she dies. (Az, O, K.) b6: See also 5, in two places.

فَتْقٌ inf. n. of فَتَقَهُ. (S, O, Msb.) b2: [Used as a simple subst., A rent, slit, or like. b3: and hence, (tropical:) A breach in society.] One says, رَتَقَ فَتْقَهُمْ, meaning (tropical:) [He closed up the breach that was between them; he reconciled them; or] he reformed, or amended, the circumstances subsisting between them. (TA in art. رتق.) b4: [Hence also A rupture; a hernia;] a certain malady; a protrusion in the thin, or delicate, and soft part of the belly; (S, O;) a malady in the صِفَاق [meaning peritonæum], consisting in a solution of the integument so that a rent takes place in it, and through this passes a strange body, or substance, that was confined within it before the rent; and there is no cure for it, except for that which happens, rarely, to children: (K:) a disease that befalls a man in his intestines, consisting in a disruption of a place between these and his scrotum, in consequence of which a flatus collects between the two testicles and they become enlarged; in which case one says, أَصَابَتْهُ رِيحُ الفَتْقِ: or a severing of the fat [or cellular substance] that encloses the testicles: in the “ Ghareebáni,” it is termed ↓ فَتَق, with fet-h to the ت: (Mgh:) and thus it is said to be by Az, and thus it is expl. by him: (O:) or it is a rending of the skin between the scrotum and the lower part of the belly, in consequence of which [some of] the intestines fall into the scrotum: (TA:) accord. to Ibráheem El-Harbee, a rupture of the bladder. (O, TA.) b5: [And A rent in the clouds: see 4:] and ↓ فَتَقٌ [likewise] signifies a gap of the clouds: pl. فُتُوقٌ. (TA.) b6: And (assumed tropical:) An open, and a spacious, place. (O, K.) b7: And A place upon which rain has not fallen when it has fallen upon what is around it; (S, O, K;) and ↓ فَتَقَةٌ signifies thus, applied to a land: pl. of the former فُتُوقٌ. (TA.) [Hence,] عَامٌ ذُو الفُتُوقِ A year of little rain. (S, O, See an ex., from a rájiz, in the first paragraph of art. زل.) b8: And (tropical:) The dawn; (O, K, TA;) and so ↓ فَتَقٌ: (S, O, K, TA:) signifying also the rising [or rather breaking] of the dawn; as in the saying, اُنْظُرْ إِلَى فَتَقِ الفَجْرِ [Look thou at the rising, or breaking, of the dawn]: and ↓ الفَتِيقُ likewise signifies the dawn; mentioned by El-Isbahánee, and in the B. (TA.) b9: See also 4, last sentence but one, for a meaning of the pl. فُتُوقٌ.

فَتَقٌ [inf. n. of فَتِقَت said of a woman: b2: and of فَتِقَ said of a year:] as a subst.: see فَتْقٌ, in three places: b3: and see also 7.

فُتُقٌ, applied to a woman, signifies ↓ مُتَفَتِّقَةٌ بِالكَلَامِ (tropical:) [Diffuse, or profuse, in speech, as though bursting therewith]: (S, O, K, TA; [in the CK مُنْفَتِقَة;]) or loquacious: (TK:) or, accord. to ISk, so applied, that mars (↓ تُفَتِّقُ [lit. rends]) in [performing] affairs. (TA.) فَتَقَةٌ: see فَتْقٌ, last quarter.

فَتْقَآءُ, applied to a woman, means Having the فَرْج dehiscent; [or wide; not constringed;] الفَرْجِ ↓ مُنْفَتِقَةُ; (S, O, K;) contr. of رَتْقَآءُ [q. v.]. (S, O.) فِتَاقٌ The parting asunder (اِنْفِتَاق) of the clouds from [before] the sun, (O, K, TA,) and their becoming removed, or cleared away, therefrom. (TA.) b2: And The upper limb (قَرْن), and the disk (عَيْن), of the sun, (O, K, TA,) when it is covered over and then somewhat of it appears. (TA.) A2: Also The base, or lowest portion, of the white [membranous fibres of the palm-tree which are termed] لِيف, (O, K, TA,) such as have not yet appeared: (TA:) the face is likened thereto, because of its clearness. (O, TA.) b2: And (accord. to IAar, O, TA) The main stem, or the lower part of the main stem when the fruit-stalks have been cut off, of the raceme of a palm-tree. (O, K, TA.) A3: And (tropical:) The leaven of dough: (ISd, TA:) a large lump of leaven, that soon causes the dough to become mature (O, K, TA) when it is put therein. (O, TA.) b2: And Mixtures of medicaments compounded (O, K, TA) with oil of jasmine or the like thereof, in order that the odour may diffuse itself: (O, TA:) or musk compounded with ambergris. (TA.) فَتِيقٌ [i. q. ↓ مَفْتُوقٌ i. e. Slit, rent, &c.]. نَصْلٌ فَتِيقُ الشَّفْرَتَيْنِ means [An arrow-head] having two forking portions; (Lth, O, K;) as though [each] one of them were slit [from the other]: (Lth, O:) [or it may mean sharp in the two edges: for] سَيْفٌ فَتِيقُ الغِرَارَيْنِ signifies A sword sharp [in the two edges]: and سَيْفٌ فَتِيقٌ, A sharp sword: (TA:) [whence,] رَجُلٌ فَتِيقُ اللِّسَانِ A sharp-tongued man: (S, O, K:) or chaste, or eloquent, and sharp, of tongue: or chaste, or eloquent, of tongue, perspicuous in speech. (TA.) b2: الصُّبْحُ الفَتِيقُ (tropical:) The shining dawn. (As, S, O, K.) b3: See also فَتْقٌ, last sentence but one. b4: جَمَلٌ فَتِيقٌ (tropical:) A camel swollen, or inflated, in the flanks, by reason of fatness; تَفَتَّقَ سِمَنًا: (As, S, O, K:) and نَاقَةٌ فَتِيقَةٌ a fat she-camel. (TA.) A2: and فَتِيقٌ is used in the sense of فَتْقٌ: thus in the saying of 'Amr Ibn-El-Ahtam, لَهَا مِنْ أَمَامِ المَنْكِبَيْنِ فَتِيقُ [app. describing a she-camel: I can only conjecture the meaning to be, Having, in the part before the shoulders, a crease like a gash, occasioned by fatness]. (O.) فَاتِقٌ [Slitting, rending, &c.]. b2: [Hence,] one says, هُوَ الفَاتِقُ الرَّاتِقُ meaning (assumed tropical:) He is the possessor of command or rule, so that he opens and closes, and straitens and widens [or rather widens and straitens]. (Har p. 208.) فَيْتَقٌ, of the measure فَيْعَلٌ, (S, TA,) from الفَتْقُ [“ the act of slitting ” &c.], (TA,) A carpenter. (S, O, K.) b2: And A حَدَّاد [which signifies a worker in iron: but it also has the meaning here next following, which may therefore be intended by him who first gave this explanation of فَيْتَقٌ]. (Az, O, K.) b3: And A بَوَّاب [i. e. door-keeper]. (O, K.) b4: And A king. (Az, O, K.) مَفْتَقٌ A place of slitting, or of the slit, of a shirt. (O, K.) مَفْتُوقٌ: see فَتِيقٌ.

مُتَفَتِّقَةٌ بِالكَلَامِ: see فُتُقٌ.

مُنْفَتِقَةُ الفَرْجِ: see فَتْقَآءُ.

تسع

1 تَسَعَهُمْ, aor. ـَ (S, Msb, K) and تَسِعَ (Yoo, Msb, K) and تَسُعَ, (Msb,) inf. n. تَسْعٌ, (T K,) He took the ninth part of their possessions: or he became the ninth of them: (S, Msb, K:) or he made them to be nine with himself; (K;) they having before been eight. (TA.) [See also 2.]2 تسّعهُ He made it nine. (Esh-Sheybánee, and K voce وَحَّدَ.) [See also 1.] b2: تسّع لِامْرَأَتِهِ, or عِنْدَهَا, He remained nine nights with his wife: and in like manner the verb is used in relation to any saying or action. (TA voce سَبَّعَ.) 4 اتسعوا They became nine: (S, K:) and they became ninety. (M and L in art. ثلث.) b2: They were, or became, persons whose camels came to water [on the ninth day, counting the day of the next preceding watering as the first; i. e.,] after an interval of nine days, [of which the first or last, or each of these, was not complete,] and eight nights. (S, * K, * TA.) تَسْعٌ: see تِسْعَةٌ.

تُسْعٌ A ninth part; one of nine parts; (S, Msb, K,) as also ↓ تُسُعٌ; (Msb;) and ↓ تَسِيعٌ, (S, Msb, K,) agreeably with a rule which some hold to be applicable in the case of every similar fractional number; but Sh says, I have not heard تَسِيعٌ on any authority but that of Az. (TA.) تِسْعٌ fem. of تِسْعَةٌ, q. v. b2: Also A certain ظْمء of the أَظْمَآء of camels; (S, K, TA;) i. e., their coming to water [on the ninth day, counting the day of the next preceding watering as the first; or, in other words,] after an interval of nine days, [of which the first or last, or each of these, is not complete,] and eight nights. (TA.) b3: Also The ninth young one, or offspring. (A in art. ثلث.) تُسَعٌ The seventh and eighth and ninth nights of the [lunar] month; (K;) the three nights of the month which are after the نُفَل, because the last night of these is the ninth; (S;) among the nights of the month are three called غُرَرٌ, [pl. of غُرَّةٌ,] and after these are three called نُفَلٌ, and after these are three called تُسَعٌ because the last of them is the ninth night: (Az, TA:) or the three nights of the commencement of the month, as some say; but the first of these explanations is more agreeable with analogy. (TA.) تُسُعٌ: see تُسْعٌ.

تِسْعَةٌ, applied to denote a number, [namely Nine,] is masc. ; and ↓ تِسْعٌ, so applied, is fem.: (S:) the latter is also written ↓ تَسْعٌ, with fet-h to the ت; and is thus pronounced in the Kur xxxviii. 22, (Bd, MF,) accord. to one reading. (Bd.) You say تِسْعَةُ رِجَالٍ [Nine men], and تِسْعٌ نِسْوَةٍ [Nine women]. (K.) When it means the things numbered, not the amount of the number, تسعة is imperf. decl., being regarded as a proper name: thus you say, تِسْعَةُ أَكْثَرُ مِنْ ثَمَانِيَةَ [Nine things are more than eight things]. (TA.) It is said in the Kur [xvii. 103], وَ لَقَدْ آتَيْنَا مُوسَى تِسْعَ آيَاتٍ بَيِّنَاتٍ [And we formerly gave unto Moses nine evident signs; generally understood to mean the principal miracles which he was empowered to perform, and which are differently enumerated in the K and other works; but by some supposed to mean statutes]. (K, * TA.) b2: In تِسْعَةَ عَشَرَ, which is masc., and تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ, which is fem., [each signifying Nineteen,] each of the two words ends with fet-h in every case, because they are two nouns which are regarded as one noun. (TA.) The former is pronounced by some of the Arabs تِسْعَةَ عْشَرَ: and the latter, thus in the dial. of El-Hijáz [and of most of the Arabs], is pronounced تِسْعَ عَشِرَةَ in the dial. of Nejd. (S in art. عشر.) In the Kur lxxiv. 30, some read, تِسْعَةَ عْشَرَ, making the ع in عشر quiescent, instead of تِسْعَهَ عَشَرَ, from a dislike of this consecution of vowels in what is like one word. (Bd, TA. *) تِسْعُونَ, Ninety: and ninetieth.]

تُسَاعَ, as meaning Nine and nine, or nine and nine together, or nine at a time and nine at a time, seems not to have been in use.] A'Obeyd says that more than أُحَادَ and ثُنَآءَ and ثُلَاثَ and رُبَاعَ has not been heard, except عُشَارَ occurring in a verse of El-Kumeyt. (TA in art. عشر.) تَسِيعٌ: see تُسْعٌ.

تَاسِعٌ [Making to be nine with himself, or itself: and hence, ninth]. You say, هُوَ تَاسِعُ تِسْعَةٍ [He is the ninth of nine]: and تَاسِعُ ثَمَانِيَةٍ [He is making eight to be nine with himself]: but it is not allowable to say, تَاسِعٌ تِسْعَةً. (TA.) b2: [تَاسِعَ عَشَرَ and تَاسِعَةَ عَشْرَةَ, the former masc. and the latter fem., meaning Nineteenth, are subject to the same rules as ثَالِثَ عَشَرَ and its fem., explained in art. ثلث, q. v.]

تَاسُوعَآءُ, (Msb, TA, &c.,) or التَّاسُوعَآءُ, (S, K,) The tenth day of [the month] El-Moharram; (Msb, TA;) [the day] before the day of العَاشُورَآءُ, (S,) or before the day of عَاشُورَآءُ: (K:) or, accord. to some, the same as the day of العاشوراء: (TA:) [see عاشوراء, where this is explained:] it is a post-classical word: (Sgh, K:) J says, in the S, I think it post-classical: (Msb, TA:) but [SM says,] this requires consideration; for it was used by the Prophet: (TA:) one ought to say, that, with عاشوراء, it has this form for the sake of resemblance; but as used alone, it must be conceded that it has not been heard [from the Arabs of the classical times]. (Msb.) مُتَسَّعٌ pass. part. n. of 2, q. v. See also مُثَلَّثٌ.]

مَتْسُوعٌ A rope consisting of nine strands. (TA.)

قدح

1 قَدَحَ الدُّودُ, (S, A,) [aor. ـَ inf. n. قَدْحٌ, (Lth, S, Mgh,) The worm, or worms, effected a cankering, or corrosion, (Lth, S, A, Mgh,) فِى

الشَّجَرِ, [in the trees], (Lth, S, Mgh,) or فِى العُودِ [in the wood], (A,) and فِى الأَسْنَانِ [in the teeth]. (Lth, S, A, Mgh.) And قُدِحَ and قُدِحَ فِيهِ, inf. n. as above, It (the tree, and the tooth,) became cankered, or corroded. (L.) b2: [Hence,] قَدَحَ فِيهِ, (Msb, K,) or فِى عِرْضِهِ, and فِى سَاقِهِ, (A,) aor. ـَ (Msb, K,) inf. n. as above, (Msb,) from the incidency of the قَوَادِح [or canker-worms] in the سَاق [or stem] of the tree, (A,) (tropical:) He impaired, injured, detracted from, impugned, or attacked, his honour, or reputation; blamed, censured, or reproached, him; found fault with him; or spoke against him. (A, Msb, K.) And قَدَحَ فِى نَسَبِهِ (tropical:) He found fault with, or spoke against, his parentage, genealogy, or pedigree. (S, A, Msb.) And قَدَحَ فِى عَدَالَتِهِ (assumed tropical:) He impugned his rectitude as a witness, mentioning something that should have the effect of causing his testimony to be rejected. (Msb.) And قَدَحَ فِى سَاقِ أَخِيهِ (tropical:) He acted dishonestly, or insincerely, towards his brother, and did that which was displeasing to him, or that which he hated. (L, TA.) And فُلَانٌ يَفُتُّ فِى

عَضُدِ فُلَانٍ وَيَقْدَحُ فِى سَاقِهِ (assumed tropical:) [Such a one seeks to injure such a one by diminishing, or impairing, (in number or power) the people of his house, or his aiders, or assistants; and blames, censures, or reproaches, him]: by عَضُدِهِ being meant أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ; and by نَفْسِهِ سَاقِهِ. (IAar, T. [See عَضُدٌ.]) b3: قَدَحَ فِى القِدْحِ, (A, K, TA,) aor. as above, (TA,) He (a maker of arrows, A) made a hole in [the end of] the [arrow in the state in which it is termed] قِدْح with the tang of the iron head [for the insertion of the said tang]: (A, K, TA:) which hole is termed ↓ مَقْدَحٌ. (A, TA.) b4: قَدَحَ خِتَامَ الخَابِيَةِ He broke the sealed clay upon the mouth of the [wine-jar called] خابية. (TA. [Accord. to the TA, a verse of Lebeed cited voce أَدْكَنُ presents an ex. of the verb in this sense: but see the explanation given in art. دكن.]) b5: قَدَحَ العَيْنَ [He (the operator termed ↓ قَدَّاح, A) performed upon the eye the operation of couching;] he extracted from the eye the corrupt fluid. (S, A. [See نَقَبَ العَيْنَ.]) b6: قَدَحَ النَّارَ, (S, L,) aor. and inf. n. as above, He struck, or produced, fire with a flint &c.: (L:) or قَدَحَ النَّارَ مِنَ الزَّنْدِ [or الزَّنْدَةِ i. e. He produced fire from the piece of stick, or wood, called زند, or rather from that called زندة]; as also ↓ اقتدحها: (A:) or قَدَحَ بِالزَّنْدِ, and ↓ اقتدح, (K,) or الزَّنْدَ ↓ اقتدح, (S,) He endeavoured to produce fire with the زند. (K.) اُحْنُ لِى أَقْدَحْ لَكَ [app. Bend thou to me branches and I will produce fire for thee to kindle them] is a prov., meaning كُنْ لِى أَكُنْ لَكَ [Be thou a helpmate for me and I will be a helpmate for thee]. (TA.) See also another prov. cited and expl. voce دِفْلَى. b7: قَدَحَ الشَّىْءُ فِى صَدْرِى (assumed tropical:) The thing made an impression in my bosom, or mind. (L.) b8: قَدَحَ, (S, A, L,) aor. and inf. n. as above; (L;) and ↓ اقتدح; (S, A, L, K;) He laded out broth [&c.] (S, A, L, K) with a ladle. (A.) and قَدَحَ القِدْرَ He laded out what was in the cookingpot. (L.) And قَدَحَ مَا فِى أَسْفَلِ القِدْرِ He laded out with pains what was in the bottom of the cooking-pot. (L.) And قَدَحَ مَا فِى أَسْفَلِ البِئْرِ [He laded out what was in the bottom of the well]. (A.) A2: قَدَحَتْ عَيْنُهُ, (S, A,) inf. n. قَدْحٌ; (K;) and ↓ قدّحت, (S,) inf. n. تَقْدِيحٌ; (K;) (assumed tropical:) His eye sank, or became depressed, (S, A, K,) so that it became like the قَدَح [q. v.]. (A. [See an ex. of the latter v. in a verse cited in the first paragraph of art. سلب.]) 2 قَدَّحَ see above, last explanation.

A2: قدّح فَرَسَهُ, (S,) inf. n. تَقْدِيحٌ, (K,) (tropical:) He made his horse lean, lank, or slender: (S, K, * TA:) or قَدَّحْتُ خَيْلِى, inf. n. as above, (tropical:) I made my horses to be [like the arrows termed] قِدَاح in slenderness. (A.) 3 مُقَادَحَةٌ is (tropical:) syn. with مُقَادَعَةٌ, [so in a copy of the A, an evident mistranscription for مُقَاذَعَةٌ, with ذ,] from القَدْحُ meaning “ the act of blaming, censuring,” &c., syn. الطَّعْنُ: thus in the saying, جَرَتْ بَيْنَهُمَا مُقَادَحَةٌ (tropical:) [A mutual reviling, and vying in foul, or unseemly, speech or language, occurred between them two]. (A.) b2: And قادحهُ signifies (tropical:) نَاظَرَهُ [app. as meaning جَادَلَهُ i. e. (tropical:) He contended in an altercation, or disputed, or litigated, with him: &c.]. (A.) 5 تقدّح: see 5 in art. قرح.6 تقاذحا (tropical:) [app. They contended in an altercation, or disputed, or litigated, each with the other]. (A: there immediately following قَادَحَهُ as meaning نَاظَرَهُ.) 7 انقدحت النَّارُ مِنَ العُودِ Fire was, or became, struck, or produced, from the wood, or stick. (L in art. صلد.) 8 إِقْتَدَحَ see 1, latter half, in three places. b2: اقتدح بِزَنْدِهِ is [also] a tropical phrase [meaning (tropical:) He endeavoured to avail himself of his (another's) instrumentality: or he availed himself thereof: see the phrase أَنَا مُقْتَدِحٌ بِزَنْدِكَ in art. زند]. (A.) b3: And اقتدح الأَمْرَ means (tropical:) He considered, and looked into, the affair, seeking to elicit what would be its issue, or result. (A, K, TA.) b4: See also 1, again; last quarter.10 استقدح زِنَادَهُ [lit. signifies He asked, or demanded, that his (another's) زِنَاد (pl. of زَنْدٌ q. v.) should produce fire: and] is a tropical phrase [meaning (tropical:) He asked, or demanded, that he might avail himself of his (another's) instrumentality]. (A.) قَدْحٌ and ↓ قَادِحٌ, [the former, in the CK, in this case, erroneously, with fet-h to the د,] A canker, or corrosion, incident in trees and in teeth: (L, K:) [the former is originally an inf. n.: and] each, in the sense here expl., an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates: (L:) [they are therefore more properly to be expl. as meaning a thing that cankers, or corrodes: and ↓ the latter signifies also rottenness, decay, corruption, or unsoundness: (L:) and blackness that appears in the teeth: (S:) and a crack, or fissure, in wood, or in a stick, or rod; (S, L, K;) and so the former word. (K.) b2: إبْرَةُ القَدْحِ: see مِقْدَحٌ.

قِدْحٌ An arrow, (S, Msb, K, &c.,) [i. e.] the pared wood, or rod, of an arrow, (Mgh,) before it has been furnished with feathers and a head: (S, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.:) or an arrow when straightened, and fit to be feathered and headed: (T, voce بَرِىٌّ, q. v.:) or a rod that has attained the desired state of growth, and been pruned, and cut according to the required length for an arrow: (AHn:) and [particularly] such as is used in the game called المَيْسِر: (S, L:) pl. قِدَاحٌ, (S, A, Mgh, L, K,) a pl. of mult., (TA,) and [of pauc., and accord. to the L of قِدْحٌ in the last of the senses expl. above,] أَقْدُحُ (S, L, K) and أَقْدَاحٌ (L, TA) and أَقَادِيحُ, (S, L, K,) which last is a pl. pl. [i. e. pl. of أَقْدَاحٌ]. (L.) [One says, in speaking of the arrows used in the game called ضَرَبَ بِالقِدَاحِ المَيْسِر, and ضَرَبَ القِدَاحَ: and in speaking of the two arrows used in practising sortilege, ضَرَبَ بِالقِدْحَيْنِ: see art. ضرب, p. 1778, col. iii.] صَدَقَنِى وَسْمَ قِدْحِهِ (tropical:) He told me truly what was the brand of his gaming-arrow] is a prov.; meaning he told me the truth: (A, * TA:) so says Az: (TA:) or it means he told me what was in his mind: the وسم of the قدح is the mark that denotes its share [of the slaughtered camel]; and the sign is sometimes made by means of fire. (Meyd.) And they say, أَبْصِرْ وَسْمَ قِدْحِكَ (tropical:) [See, or look at, the brand of thy gaming-arrow]; (TA;) which is [also] a prov.; (A;) meaning know thyself. (A, TA.) And قِدْحُ ابْنِ مُقْبِلٍ (assumed tropical:) [The gaming-arrow of Ibn-Mukbil, which seems to have been one remarkable for frequent good luck,] is a proverbial expression relating to goodness of effect. (TA.) قَدَحٌ [A drinking-cup or bowl;] a certain vessel (Msb, K) for drinking, (S, Mgh,) well known, (Msb,) large enough to satisfy the thirst of two men: (A 'Obeyd, K:) or a small one and a large one: (K:) [in the K voce عُلْبَةٌ, it is applied to a vessel used for milking, sometimes made of camel's skin and sometimes of wood: it was used for drinking and for milking:] pl. أَقْدَاحٌ. (S, Mgh, Msb, K.) It is said in a trad., لَا تَجْعَلُونِى كَقَدَحِ الرَّكِبِ [Make not ye me to be like the drinkingcup of the rider on a camel]; meaning, make not ye me to be last in being mentioned; because the rider on a camel suspends his قدح on the hinder part of his saddle when he is finishing the puttingon of his apparatus, (Mgh, TA,) placing it behind him. (TA.) b2: Also A certain measure of capacity, in Egypt, containing two hundred and thirty-two دَرَاهِم. (Es-Suyootee in his “ Husn el-Mohádarah. ” See إِرْدَبٌّ, in art. ردب.) قَدْحَةٌ A single act of striking, or producing, fire. (IAth, K, TA.) b2: And hence, (tropical:) An elicitation, by examination, of the real state or nature of a case or an affair. (IAth, TA.) b3: And A single act of lading out broth [&c. with a ladle]. (L, in so in the CK.) b4: See also what next follows.

قُدْحَةٌ A ladleful of broth: (S, L, K:) and some say that ↓ قَدْحَةٌ signifies the same. (L.) You say, أَعْطِنِى قُدْحَةً مِنْ مَرَقَتِكَ Give thou to me a ladleful of thy broth. (S.) قِدْحَةٌ The act of striking or producing, fire (IAth, K, TA) with the مِقْدَحَةٌ. (IAth, TA.) Hence the saying, لَوْ شَآءَ اللّٰهُ لَجَعَلَ لِلنَّاسِ قِدْحَةَ ظُلْمَةٍ كَمَا جَعَلَ لَهُمْ قِدْحَةَ نُورٍ [If God had willed, He had assigned to men the faculty of producing darkness, like as He has assigned to them the faculty of producing light]: (K, TA:) a trad. (TA.) b2: And [hence] (assumed tropical:) Consideration and examination of an affair, to elicit what may be its issue, or result. (K, TA.) قَدُوحٌ and ↓ أَقْدَحُ, (K,) or ↓ قَدُوحٌ أَقْدَحُ, (A,) (tropical:) The ذُبَاب [i. e. common fly, or flies]: (A, K, TA:) which one never sees otherwise than as though producing fire with the two fore legs [by rubbing them together like as one rubs together the زَنْد and the زَنْدَة]. (TA. [But in a verse cited by Meyd in his Proverbs, instead of القدوح ↓ الاقدح, we find القَدُوح الأَقْرَح; and he says that الأَقْرَحُ (q. v.) is from القُرْحَةُ, and that every ذُبَاب has upon its face a قُرْحَة (or white mark): see that verse in Freytag's Arab. Prov., ii. 48: and see also EM, p. 228.]) A2: قَدُوحٌ also signifies A well (رَكِىٌّ) of which the water is laded out with the hand: (S, K:) or a well (بِئْرٌ) of which the water is not taken otherwise than by successive ladings [with the hand]. (A.) قُدُوحٌ The pieces of wood of the [camel's saddle called] رَحْل [for which the TA has رمل, but the right reading is shown by the context]: a word having no singular. (TA.) قَدِيحٌ Broth: (K: [app. because laded out:]) or some broth remaining in the bottom of the cooking-pot: (A:) or what remains in the bottom of the cooking-pot and is laded out with pains; (S, L, K;) as also ↓ مَقْدُوحٌ. (L.) قِدَاحَةٌ The art, or craft, of making vessels such as are called أَقْدَاح [pl. of قَدَحٌ]. (K.) قَدَّاحٌ: see 1, latter half: b2: and see قَدَّاحَةٌ.

As an epithet applied to a زَنْد [q. v.], (K in art. خور,) it signifies That produces much fire. (TK in that art.) b3: See also مِقْدَحٌ.

A2: Also A maker of vessels such as are called أَقْدَاح [pl. of قَدَحٌ]. (K.) A3: And a subst. signifying The blossoms of plants before they open: (TA:) or the extremities of fresh, juicy, plants: (K:) or the extremities, consisting of fresh, juicy, leaves, of plants: (TA:) or soft, or tender, suckers or offsets, of [the species of trefoil, or clover, called] فِصْفِصَة: (Az, K, TA:) of the dial. of El-'Irák: n. un. ↓ قَدَّاحَةٌ. (TA.) قَدَّاحَةٌ A stone from which one strikes fire; (As, S, A, K;) and so ↓ قَدَّاحٌ. (T, S, K.) A2: See also قَدَّاحٌ, last sentence.

قَادِحٌ: see قَادِحَةٌ: b2: and see also قَدْحٌ, in two places. b3: هٰذَا مَآءٌ لَا يَنَامُ قَادِحُهُ [This is water of which the lader-out will not sleep] is said in describing such [water] as is little in quantity. (A, TA.) قَادِحَةٌ [A canker-worm;] the worm (Lth, S, Mgh, L, K) that cankers, or corrodes, trees and teeth: (Lth, * Mgh, * L, TA:) [coll. gen. n.

↓ قَادِحٌ; occurring in the K in art. خرب, &c.:] pl. قَوَادِحُ. (L.) One says, قَدْ أَسْرَعَتْ فِى أَسْنَانِهِ القَوَادِحِ [The canker-worms have quickly come into his teeth]. (L.) أَقْدَحُ: see قَدُوحٌ, in three places.

مَقْدَحٌ: see 1, in the middle of the paragraph.

مِقْدَحٌ [A couching-needle; called thus, and ↓ إِبْرَةُ القَدْحِ, in the present day. b2: Also], (K, and so in some copies of the S,) and ↓ مِقْدَحَةٌ, (A, TA, and so in other copies of the S,) and ↓ مِقْدَاحٌ, and ↓ قَدَّاحٌ, (K,) The thing (S, A, K) of iron (A, K) with which one strikes fire. (S, A, K.) b3: And the first, A ladle; (S, A, K;) as also ↓ مِقْدَحَةٌ. (A.) ↓ سَتَأْتِيكَ بِمَا فِى قَعْرَهَا المِقْدَحَةُ [The ladle will bring to thee what is in the bottom thereof] is a prov., meaning, that to which thou art blind will become apparent, or manifest, to thee. (A.) مِقْدَحَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in three places.

خَيْلٌ مُقَدَّحَةٌ (tropical:) Horses that are lean, lank, or slender; as though made slender [like the arrows termed قِدَاح: see 2]. (TA.) عَيْنٌ مُقَدِّحَةٌ (assumed tropical:) An eye that is sunk or depressed [so as to be like the قَدَح: see 1, last signification]. (TA.) And خَبْلٌ مُقَدِّحَةٌ (assumed tropical:) Horses whose eyes are sunk or depressed. (TA.) مِقْدَاحٌ: see مِقْدَحٌ.

مَقْدُوحٌ, applied to broth: see قَدِيحٌ.

شَجَرٌ مُتَقَادِحٌ Trees having soft, weak, branches, which, when the wind puts them in motion, blaze forth with fire; but which when used for producing fire for a useful purpose, yield no fire at all: whence one says to him who has no ground of pretension to respect or honour, nor parentage, genealogy, or pedigree, of a sound quality, زَنْدَاكَ لِلْمُتَقَادِحِ (assumed tropical:) [lit. Thy two pieces of stick, or wood, for producing fire pertain to the trees that have soft and weak branches, &c.]. (TA.)

غور

1 غَارَ, (As, Fr, IAar, S, Msb, &c.,) aor. ـُ (S, &c.,) inf. n. غَوْرٌ (S, K) and غُؤُورٌ; (K;) and ↓ اغار, (Fr, Msb,) inf. n. إِغَارَةٌ; (K;) but IAth says that this form of the verb is of rare occurrence, (TA,) and As disallows it; (S, Msb, TA;) and ↓ غوّر, inf. n. تَغْوِيرٌ; (S, K;) and ↓ تغوّر; (K, TA;) He came to the غَوْر, (As, Fr, IAar, S, Msb, K,) i. e., low land or country, (Msb,) [or the region so called, in Arabia:] or غار signifies he journeyed in the region of the غور: (As, TA:) or غار and ↓ اغار signify he took his way towards the غَوْر. (TA.) There is a difference of opinion respecting the saying of El-Aashà, نَبِىٌّ يَرَى مَا لَا تَرَوْنَ وَذِكْرُهُ لَعَمْرِى فِى البِلَادِ وَأَنْجَدَا ↓ أَغَارَ [meaning, accord. to the first explanation of اغار, A prophet who seeth what ye see not, and whose fame has come to the low lands, by my life, or by my religion, in the several regions, and has come to the high lands]: As says that اغار signifies has gone quickly; and انجد, has risen; and that the poet does not mean has come to the low lands nor to the high lands; holding غار only to signify the coming to the low land: but Fr asserts that اغار is a dial. var. of غار; and cites this verse as authority: and some say اغار وانجد, but when they do not conjoin the two verbs they say غار; like as they say هَنَأَنِى الطَّعَامُ وَمَرَأَنِى, but when they do not conjoin these two verbs they say أَمْرَأَنِى: (S:) As also mentions another relation of the second hemistich, commencing اغام [app. a mistake for أَقَامَ or some other word]: (IKtt:) and there is another relation, accord. to which the second hemistich is مَخْرُوم, commencing with غَارَ. (L.) You say also غَارَ وَأَنْجَدَ meaning (assumed tropical:) He became famous in the low countries and the high. (A in art. نجد.) b2: غار فِى شَىْءٍ, inf. n. غَوْرٌ and غُؤُورٌ (K) and غِيَارٌ, (Sb, K,) He, or it, entered [or entered deeply] into a thing. (K.) b3: [Hence,] غار فِى أَمْرٍ (tropical:) He examined minutely [or deeply] into an affair; (IKtt, Msb;) as also ↓ اغار. (IKtt.) You say فُلَانٌ بِعِيدُ الغَوْرِ (tropical:) Such a one is a deep examiner: (TA:) or acquainted [deeply] with affairs: or very rancorous, malevolent, malicious, or spiteful. (Msb.) [See also غَوْرٌ, below.]

b4: غار المَآءُ, (Lh, S, Msb, K,) فِى الأَرْضِ (K,) inf. n. غَوْرٌ (Lh, S, K, &c.) and غُؤُورٌ; (S, TA;) and ↓ غوّر, (Lh, TA,) inf. n. تَغْوِيرٌ; (K;) The water sank, (S, IKtt,) or went away, (Msb, K,) into the ground, or earth: (S, Msb, K:) or went away into the sources, or springs. (Lh.) b5: غَارَتِ الشَّمْسُ, (S, K,) aor. ـُ (S,) inf. n. غِيَارٌ (S, K) and غُؤُورٌ; (K;) and ↓ غوّرت; (K;) The sun set: (S, K:) and in like manner one says [غار and ↓ غوّر] of the moon and of a star. (TA.) b6: غَارَتْ عَيْنُهُ, aor. ـُ (S, Msb,) inf. n. غَوْرٌ (S, TA) and غُؤُورٌ; (S, Msb, TA;) and غَارَتْ, aor. ـَ (S, TA;) and ↓ غوّرت; (TA;) His eye sank, or became depressed, (lit. entered,) in the head; (S, TA;) i. q. اِنْخَسَفَتْ. (Msb.) b7: غار النَّهَارُ (assumed tropical:) The day became intensely hot [app., like غَوَّرَ, meaning when the sun had declined from the meridian]: (K:) hence الغَائِرَةُ [q. v.]. (TA.) b8: See also 2.

A2: غَارَ شَيْئًا, aor. ـُ He sought for, or after, a thing. (TA.) A3: غَارَهُمْ, and غَارَ لَهُمْ, [aor. ـُ inf. n. غِيَارٌ, He (God) bestowed upon them غِيرَة, (K,) i. e. مِيرَة [a provision of corn, or wheat, &c.]. (TA.) [See also art. غير.] b2: He benefited them; (S in art. غير, and TA;) and so غَارَهُمْ بِخَيْرٍ: (S:) and غَارَهُمْ, aor. ـُ (K,) inf. n. غِيَارٌ; (TA;) or غَارَهُمْ بِخَيْرٍ; (TA;) He (God) bestowed upon them abundance of the produce of the earth, and rain: (K, TA:) and غَارَهُمْ بِرِزْقٍ He bestowed upon them means of subsistence. (TA.) You say also اَللّٰهُمَّ غُرْنَا بِغَيْثٍ, (K,) and بِمَطَرٍ, and بِخَيْرٍ, (TA,) and غُرْنَا مِنْكَ بِغَيْثٍ, (S,) O God, aid us, or succour us, with rain (S, K) from Thee, (S,) and with prosperity. (TA.) [See also art. غير.]

A4: غَارَ الرَّجُلَ, aor. ـُ and يَغِيرُهُ, He gave the man the bloodwit [which is termed غِوَرٌ and غِيَرٌ]: (ISk, TA:) and so غَيَّرَهُ. (TA in art. غير.) A5: غَارَ عَلَى أَهْلِهِ, aor. ـَ inf. n. غِيرَةٌ [or rather غَيْرَةٌ (see art. غير)] and غَارٌ, [He was jealous of his wife.] (IKtt.) غَارٌ and غَيْرَةٌ, (S, so in my two copies,) or غَارٌ and غِيرَةٌ, with kesr, (K,) signify the same. (S, K.) You say فُلَانٌ شَدِيدُ الغَارِ عَلَى

أَهْلِهِ i. e. الغيرة [Such a one is vehemently jealous of his wife]. (TA.) See also art. غير.2 غوّر, inf. n. تَغْوِيرٌ: see 1, in five places. b2: Also He slept in the middle of the day; (S, * K, TA;) and so ↓ غَارَ. (K, TA.) b3: And He alighted (Lth, S, K, TA) to sleep (Lth, S, TA) in the middle of the day. (Lth, S, K, TA.) and غَوِّرُوا بِنَا Make ye the camels to lie down with us during the vehement midday-heat. (JM and TA in art. رمض.) IAar says that ↓ مُغَوِّرٌ signifies One alighting in the middle of the day for a little while and then departing [i. e. resuming his journey]. (TA.) And مَا بِتُّ هٰذِهِ اللَّيْلَةَ إِلَّا تَغْوِيرًا occurs in a trad. as meaning [I did not tarry, or have not tarried, this night,] save in taking a nap [like the sleep in the middle of the day]. (TA.) b4: Also He entered upon the middle of the day. (K, TA.) b5: And He journeyed in the middle of the day: (Lth, K:) or he (a rider upon a camel, or upon a horse or other beast,) journeyed until the declining of the sun from the meridian, and then alighted. (ISh, TA.) b6: And غوّر النَّهَارُ (tropical:) [app. The day became intensely hot when] the sun declined from the meridian. (Ibn-Buzurj, TA. [See also غَارَ النَّهَارُ.]) A2: غوّرهُ, inf. n. as above, He put it, or made it to enter, into a low, or depressed, place: he hid, or concealed, it; or caused it to disappear. (Har p. 165.) b2: and غوّر, (TA,) inf. n. as above, (K, TA,) signifies also He routed, defeated, or put to flight; and he drove away. (K, * TA.) 3 غَاْوَرَ see 4; and see also 6.4 اغار عَيْنَهُ [He made his eye to sink, or become depressed, in his head: see 1]. (TA.) A2: اغار as intrans.: see 1, in four places. b2: Also He went away in, or into, the country, or land. (K.) b3: And, (S, K, &c.,) inf. n. إِغَارَةٌ (S, Mgh, Msb) and غَارَةٌ, (Mgh,) or the latter is a simple subst., [or quasi-inf. n.,] (Msb,) He hastened, (K,) or was quick, (Msb,) in walking, or marching, or journeying: (Msb, K:) he was quick, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) and pushed, or pressed, on, or forward, (دَفَعَ, S,) in his running; (S, Mgh, Msb;) said of a horse, (Mgh, Msb,) and of a fox: (S, Mgh:) he (a horse, K) ran vehemently, and was quick, (S, K,) in a غَارَة [or raid, or sudden attack upon a people, or their dwellings,] &c. (K.) Hence the saying, (in a trad. respecting the pilgrimage, TA,) أَشْرِقْ ثَبِيرْ كَيْمَا نُغِيرْ [Enter thou upon the time of sunrise, Thebeer, (the name of a mountain near Mekkeh,)] that we may proceed quickly, (S, K,) or push, or press, on, or forward, (Yaakoob, Msb,) to the sacrifice of the pilgrimage: (S, Msb, K:) or to the return from Minè: (Yaakoob:) or that we may plunder the meats of the sacrifices: or that we may enter into the low land. (TA. [See also 2 in art. شرق.]) Hence also the saying, أَغَارَ

إِغَارَةَ الثَّعْلَبِ He was quick, and pushed, or pressed, on, or forward, like as does the fox. (S.) b4: اغار عَلَى العَدُوِّ, (S, Msb,) and عَلَى القَوْمِ, (K,) inf. n. إِغَارَةٌ (S, K) and غَارَةٌ, (K,) or the latter is a simple subst., [or quasi-inf. n., as in the case mentioned above,] (TA,) and مُغَارٌ, (S, TA,) He made [a raid, or hostile or predatory incursion, into the territory of the enemy; or] a sudden, or an unexpected, attack [upon the enemy, or] upon the territory or dwellings of the enemy, [with a party of armed horsemen, generally meaning a predatory incursion,] and engaged with them in conflict; (Msb,) or he urged the horses upon, or against, the people; as also ↓ استغار: (K, TA:) and in like manner you say العَدُوَّ ↓ غاور, inf. n. مُغَاوَرَةٌ and غِوَارٌ. (S.) See also 6. And اغار الذِّئْبُ فِى الغَنَمِْ The wolf made an incursion among the sheep or goats; (K * and TA in art. شع;) as also ↓ استغار. (TA ibid.) b5: Also اغار عَلَيْهِ He plundered it; took it by pillage. (TA.) b6: And اغار بِبَنِى فُلَانٍ, and sometimes إِلَى بنى فلان, He came to the sons of such a one to aid, or succour, them: (IKtt, K:) or to be aided, or succoured, by them. (IKtt.) A3: اغار, (S, K,) inf. n. إِغَارَةٌ and quasi-inf. n. غَارَةٌ, (TA,) signifies also He twisted hard (S, K) a rope. (S.) A4: اغار أَهْلَهُ He married another in addition to his wife [and so caused her to be jealous: see 1]. (S.) [See also art. غير.]5 تَغَوَّرَ see 1, first signification.6 تغاوروا They made [raids, or hostile or predatory incursions, into each other's territories; or] sudden attacks, one upon another, or one party upon the dwellings of another party, and engaged in conflict, one with another; or urged their horses one upon, or against, another; expl. by ↓ أَغَارَ بَعْضُهُمْ عَلَى بَعْضٍ: (S, K:) and so ↓ غاوروا, inf. n. مُغَاوَرَةٌ. (TA.) 8 اغتار He procured مِيرَة [or provision of corn, or wheat, &c.]. (TA.) b2: And He derived, or obtained, benefit, advantage, or profit. (K.) 10 إِسْتَغْوَرَ He, or it, descended: (TA:) or he desired to descend into a low land or country. (K, TA.) b2: See also 4, in two places.

A2: Also He became fat; and fat entered into him: (S, TA:) or you say, استغار الشَّحْمُ فِيهِ fat spread in him; and he became fat; (K, TA;) the pronoun referring to a horse, which is not mentioned in the K; but the explanation in the S is better: or, accord. to Az, استغار is said of the fat and flesh of a she-camel, meaning it became hard, and compact; like the rope of which one says يَسْتَغِيرُ i. e. it is twisted hard: or, accord. to some, said of the fat of a camel, it means it entered his inside. (TA.) b2: استغارت said of a wound, (قَرْحَةٌ, S, in the K جُرْحَة,) means It became swollen. (S, K.) A3: اِسْتَغْوَرَ اللّٰهَ He asked, or begged, of God, غِيرَة, (K, TA,) i. e. مِيرَة [provision of corn, or wheat, &c.]. (TA.) غَارٌ A cave, or cavern; syn. كَهْفٌ; (S, K;) in a mountain; (S;) as also ↓ مَغَارَةٌ and ↓ مَغَارٌ (S, K) and ↓ مُغَارَةٌ and ↓ مُغَارٌ and ↓ غَوْرٌ: (K: [but غَارٌ in this sense is omitted in the CK:]) or what resembles a كهف in a mountain, [only differing in being less large,] like a سَرَب: (TA:) or what is hewn out in a mountain, resembling a مَغَارَة: when it is large, or spacious, it is called كهف: (Msb:) or what resembles a house, or chamber, in a mountain: (Lh, K:) or a low, or depressed, place in a mountain: (Th, K:) or any low, or depressed, land, country, or ground: (K:) see also غَوْرٌ [and خَوْرٌ]: or the hole, or burrow, to which a wild animal betakes itself: (K: [see an instance in art. سمو, conj. 8:]) and sometimes ↓ مَغَارٌ is applied to the coverts of gazelles, among trees: (S:) the dim. of غَارٌ is غُوَيْرٌ: (S, K:) [of which see two exs. (a prov. and a verse) voce بُؤْسٌ:] and the pl. (of pauc., TA) أَغْوَارٌ (IJ, K) and (of mult., TA) غِيرَانٌ. (S, Msb, K.) b2: Also The portion of the upper part of the mouth which is behind the فَرَاشَة [or thin bone of the palate]: or the hollow (أُخْدُود) which is between the two jaws: or the interior of the mouth: (K: [for دَاخِلَ الفَمِ, in the CK, I read دَاخِلُ الفم, as in the TA:]) or, as some say, the two parts whereof each is called نِطْعٌ, [app. meaning the anterior part of the palate and the corresponding part next the lower gums,] in the حَنَكَانِ [or the palate and the part corresponding to it below]. (TA.) b3: And الغَارَانِ signifies The [sockets of the eyes; or] two bones in which are the eyes. (ISd, K.) b4: And The belly and the pudendum: (S:) or the mouth and the pudendum. (K.) Hence the saying of a poet, يَسْعَى لِغَارَيْهِ [He works, or earns, for his belly, or his mouth, and his pudendum]. (S, TA.) A2: Also (غَارٌ) An army: (S, K:) or a numerous army. (TA.) You say اِلْتَقَى الغَارَانِ The two armies met. (S.) b2: And A company, or body, of men: (TA:) or a numerous company or body of men. (ISd, K.) A3: And I. q. غَيْرَةٌ, (S,) or غِيرَةٌ. (K.) [See 1, last signification.]

A4: And A kind of tree, (S, Mgh, K,) of large size, (Mgh, K,) having leaves longer than those of the خِلَاف, (Mgh, TA,) and a fruit [or berry] smaller than the hazel-nut, which is black, and which, being divested of its covering, discloses a heart that is employed in medicine [that is designed to produce a narcotic or an intoxicating effect: the berries are called حَبُّ الغَارِ]: its leaves have a sweet odour, (Mgh, TA,) and are employed in perfume: (TA:) its fruit is called [in Persian] دَهْمَسْت: (Mgh, TA:) and it has an oil, (K,) which is called دُهْنُ الغَارِ: (S:) [it is the bay-tree; or female laurel-tree; the laurus nobilis; also called the sweet bay; of which there are several sorts, as the broad-leaved bay, the narrow-leaved bay, &c.: it is commonly supposed to be the laurus of the ancients:] n. un. with ة. (TA.) b2: And The leaves of the grapevine. (K.) غَوْرٌ The bottom, or lowest part, of anything; (S, Msb, K;) as also ↓ غَوْرَى: (K:) and its depth. (TA.) b2: You say, عَرَفْتُ غَوْرَ هٰذِهِ المَسْأَلَةِ (tropical:) [I have become acquainted with the bottom of this question]. (TA.) And فُلَانٌ بَعِيدُ الغَوْرِ (S) (tropical:) Such a one is deep and excellent in judgment; one who examines deeply. (TA.) [See also 1.] And هَوَ بَحْرٌ لَا يُدْرَكُ غَوْرُهُ (tropical:) [He is a sea whereof the bottom shall not be reached]. (TA.) And مَنْ

أَبْعَدُ غَوْرًا فِى البَاطِلِ مِنِّى (tropical:) [Who is deeper in knowledge with respect to what is vain, or false, than I?]. (TA, from a trad.) b3: Low, or depressed, land, country, or ground; (S, Msb, K;) [like خَوْرٌ;] as also ↓ غَارٌ. (K.) b4: See also غَارٌ, in the first of its senses expl. above.

A2: Applied to water, i. q. غَائِرٌ [Sinking, or going away, into the ground, or earth]: (S, K:) an inf. n. used as an epithet, like مَآءٌ سَكْبٌ, and دِرْهَمٌ ضَرْبٌ. (S.) غِوَرٌ A bloodwit; syn. دِيَةٌ: (K, TA:) a dial. var. of غِيَرٌ: (TA:) or the latter is a pl., of which the sing. is غِيرَةٌ. (AA, K in art. غير, q. v.) غَارَةٌ, a subst. from أَغَارَ; A going away into a country, or land. (TA.) b2: A quick running, (Mgh, Msb,) or vehement running, (TA,) of a horse, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) and of a fox; (Mgh;) as also ↓ غَوِيرٌ, of a fox. (TA.) b3: [A raid; or an incursion into the territory of an enemy; or a sudden, or an unexpected, attack upon an enemy, or upon the territories or dwellings of an enemy, with a party of armed horsemen, and engagement with them in conflict; an urging of horses upon, or against, a people; generally, a hostile, or predatory, incursion: or the making such an incursion:] a subst. [or quasi-inf. n.] from أَغَارَ عَلَى

العَدُوِّ. (S, TA.) b4: And Plunder, or pillage. (TA.) b5: And hence, (Mgh, Msb,) [Horsemen making a raid, or a sudden, or an unexpected, attack, upon an enemy, or upon the dwellings of an enemy, and engaging with them in conflict: horsemen urging their horses upon, or against, a people:] i. q. ↓ خَيْلٌ مُغِيرَةٌ: (S, Mgh, Msb, TA:) and one says also ↓ خيل مِغِيرَةٌ, with kesr. (TA.) You say شَنَّ عَلَيْهِمُ الغَارَةَ i. e. He scattered, (S in art. شن, and Mgh * and Msb, *) or poured, (K in art. شن,) upon them [the horsemen making a raid, or sudden attack, and engaging in conflict, or the horsemen urging their horses]. (S, K.) The poet (El-Kumeyt Ibn-Maaroof, TA) says, وَنَحْنُ صَبَحْنَا آلَ نَجْرَانَ غَارَةً

تَمِيمَ بْنَ مُرٍّ وَالرِّمَاحَ النَّوَادِسَا [And we gave as a morning-drink to the people of Nejrán a troop of horsemen making a raid, or sudden attack, upon them, or urging their horses against them, namely the tribe of Temeem Ibn-Murr, and the piercing spears]: he means, سَقَيْنَاهُمْ خَيْلًا مُغِيرَةً: and تميم بن مرّ is put in the accus. case as a substitute for غارة. (S, TA.) A2: حَبْلٌ شَدِيدُ الغَارَةِ means A rope twisted hard; or hard in respect of the twisting; (S, TA;) غَارَةٌ being in this case [as in that first mentioned above] a subst. standing in stead of the inf. n. إِغَارَة: (TA:) and so ↓ حَبْلٌ مُغَارٌ; (S, TA;) applied to a rope that is twisted with another. (TA voce مِسْحَلٌ.) A3: And الغَارَةُ signifies The navel: (Sgh, K:) app. so called because of its depth. (Sgh, TA.) الغَوْرَةُ The sun. (IAar, K, TA.) A2: See also غَائِرَةٌ.

غِيرَةٌ Abundance of the produce of the earth: and rain: and i. q. مِيرَةٌ [a provision of corn, or wheat, &c.]: belonging to this art. and to art. غير. (TA.) A2: [See also 1, last signification.]

غَوْرَى: see غَوْرٌ.

غَوِيرٌ: see غَارَةٌ, second sentence.

غَائِرَةٌ i. q. قَائِلَةٌ [app. as syn. with قَيْلُولَةٌ, i. e. A sleeping in the middle of the day; though the primary signification of قَائِلَةٌ is that which here next follows]; (S, O, K;) as also ↓ غَوْرَةٌ. (O, K.) b2: And The middle of the day [itself]. (K.) b3: And one says, بُنِىَ هٰذَا البَيْتُ عَلَى غَائِرَةِ الشَّمْسِ, meaning (tropical:) [This house, or tent, was, or has been, built, or set up,] facing the place of sunrise. (TA.) مَغَارٌ: see غَارٌ, in two places. b2: Also A place of entrance: and a place where a thing is sought for: you say, إِنَّكَ غُرْتَ فِى غَيْرِ مَغَارٍ Verily thou hast entered into that which is not a place of entrance: and verily thou hast sought in that which is not a place where a thing is sought for. (TA.) مُغَارٌ: see غَارٌ.

A2: Also A place of a غَارَة [or raid, or sudden attack upon an enemy, or upon the dwellings of an enemy, with a party of armed horsemen, &c.]. (TA.) A3: See also غَارَةٌ, last sentence but one. b2: Hence, (tropical:) A horse strong, or compact, in make; as though twisted: (Az, TA:) or a horse strong in the joints: (Lth, TA:) or, applied to a horse, i. q. مُضَمَّرٌ [made lean, or light of flesh; &c.: see 2 in art. عير: and see also مِعَارٌ in that art.]. (Aboo-Sa'eed Ed-Dareer, TA in art. عير.) And A horse that runs swiftly. (TA. [But in this last sense, the word should be, accord. to rule, as here next follows.]) مُغِيرٌ A horse swift in running: [see also what next precedes:] and ↓ مِغْوَارٌ [likewise] signifies a swift horse: or this latter, accord. to Lh, vehement in running: and its pl. is مَغَاوِيرُ. (TA.) b2: خَيْلُ مُغِيرَةٌ and مِغِيرَةٌ: see غَارَةٌ.

مُغَوِّرٌ: see 2.

مَغَارَةٌ and مُغَارَةٌ: see غَارٌ, first sentence.

مِغْوَارٌ: see مُغِيرٌ. b2: Also A fighting man; and so ↓ مُغَاوِرٌ: (S:) or the former signifies one who occupies himself much in غَارَات [or raids, or sudden attacks upon enemies, or upon the dwellings of enemies, with armed horsemen, &c., pl. of غَارَةٌ]; (K, TA;) as also ↓ مُغَاوِرٌ: (TA:) pl. مَغَاوِيرُ: (S:) and مَغَاوِرُ may be a contracted pl. of مِغْوَارٌ or a pl. of مُغَاوِرٌ. (TA.) مُغَاوِرٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places.

توج

2 توّجهُ He crowned him; invested him with the crown. (S, A, Msb, * K.) b2: He made him a prince, lord, or chief. (Msb, * TA.) b3: (assumed tropical:) He turbaned him; invested him with the turban. (TA.) 5 تتوّج He was, or became, crowned, or invested with the crown. (S, A, K.) [For the verb تَاجَ, in this or a similar sense, mentioned in the Lexicons of Golius and Freytag, in the former as from the K, I find no authority: on the contrary, it is said in the TA that no verb answering to تَائِجٌ has been heard.] b2: He was made, or became, a prince, lord, or chief. (TA.) b3: (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, turbaned, or invested with the turban. (TA.) تَاجٌ A crown; (S, A, K, TA;) i. e. a thing that is made for kings, of gold and jewels; (TA;) peculiar to the عَجَم [or Persians and other foreigners]: (Msb:) [a Persian word:] pl. [of mult.] تِيجَانٌ (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K) and [of pauc.]

أَتْوَاجٌ. (TA.) b2: (assumed tropical:) A turban; as being likened to a crown. (TA.) It is said in a trad., (TA,) العَمَائِمُ تِيجَانُ العَرَبِ [Turbans are the crowns of the Arabs]; (S, TA;) i. e. turbans are to the Arabs as crowns to the kings; for the Arabs in the deserts are [or were] mostly bare-headed or wearing قَلَانِس [pl. of قَلَنْسُوَةٌ, q. v.]; turbans among them being few. (TA.) b3: Also Silver. (TA.) [See what next follows.]

تَاجَةٌ An ingot of purified silver: originally تَازَهْ, a Persian word, applied to a dirhem recently coined. (TA.) تَائِجٌ Having a تَاج [i. e. crown, or (assumed tropical:) turban]; an epithet applied to an إِمَام: (K:) it is a possessive epithet, like دَارِعٌ, for we have not heard any verb answering to it. (TA.) مُتَوَّجٌ Crowned; applied to a king: (A, TA:) (assumed tropical:) made a prince, lord, or chief: (assumed tropical:) turbaned. (TA.) مَتَاوِجُ [a pl. of which the sing. is not mentioned,] occurring in the saying of Jendel Er-Rá'ee, وَهُنَّ يَعْمِينَ مِنَ المَلَامِجِ بِقَرِدٍ مُخْرَنْطِمِ المَتَاوِجِ signifies [properly The parts of the head] where one is crowned (حَيْثُ يُتَتَوَّجُ) with the turban: (K,* TA:) [but it is evidently here used in a tropical manner; the poet is speaking of she-camels:] the ملامج are the mouths; [or the parts around the mouths;] and the قَرِد, a word like كَتِف, is the accumulated foam which the camel casts forth from his mouth. (TA.) [It seems that the poet means, And they cast forth, from the parts around the mouth, accumulated foam, elongated in the extremities: مُخْرَنْطِم being app. syn. with مُخَرْطَم, as meaning “ elongated like a خُرْطُوم,” or “ snout. ”]

غوص

1 غَاصَ فِى المَآءِ, aor. ـُ (S, A, Msb,) inf. n. غَوْصٌ (S, A, K) and مَغَاصٌ and غِيَاصَةٌ and غِيَاصٌ, (K,) He dived in, or descended beneath, the water; (S, A, K;) or entered into the water; (TA;) to fetch out what was in it. (Msb [in my copy of which, the particle فى is omitted, app. by a slip of the transcriber].) b2: غِيَاصَةٌ [also] signifies The diving in the sea for pearls; (S;) and غَوْصٌ signifies [the same: or both signify] the fetching out pearls from beneath the water. (Mgh.) b3: [Hence,] you say also, غَاصَ عَلَى الأَمْرِ, (K,) inf. n. غَوْصٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) [He dived for the thing, or affair, so as to elicit it; or] he knew the thing, or affair. (K, TA.) And غَاصَ عَلَى المَعَانِى حَتَّى

بَلَغَ أَقْصَاهَا وَاسْتَخْرَجَ مَا بَعُدَ مِنْهَا وَدَقَّ فَهْمُهُ (tropical:) [He dived for the meanings so that he reached the uttermost of them, and elicited what was remote of them, and the understanding whereof was subtile]. (Msb.) And فُلَانٌ يَغُوصُ عَلَى حَقَائِقِ العِلْمِ (tropical:) [Such a one dives for the verities of science]. (A, TA.) And مَا أَحْسَنَ غَوْصَهُ عَلَيْهَا (tropical:) [How good is his diving for them!]. (A, TA.) And مَا غَاصَ غَوْصَةً إِلَّا أَخْرَجَ دُرَّةً (tropical:) [He did not dive a single diving but he fetched out what was like a pearl, or a large pearl]. (A, TA.) b4: You say also, غَاصَ عَلَى الشَّىْءِ, aor. ـُ inf. n. غَوْصٌ, He pounced, or came suddenly, or at unawares, upon the thing. (Msb.) 2 غوّصهُ فِى المَآءِ He made him to dive in, or descend beneath, the water; (A;) he immersed, immerged, dipped, plunged, or sunk, him therein. (TA.) غَوْصٌ [originally an inf. n.]: see مَغَاصٌ, in two places.

غَوْصَةٌ [A single diving in, or descent beneath, water: see 1, last sentence but one]. (A.) غَوَّاصٌ: see the next paragraph, in four places.

غَائِصٌ One who dives in, or descends beneath, or enters into, water; as also ↓ غَوَّاصٌ [which, however, has an intensive signification, or implies the habit of so doing]: (TA:) and ↓ the latter, (S, A, K,) or both, (Az, TA,) particularly one who dives in the sea for pearls, (S, A, K,) or for pearl-shells, and fetches them out: (Az, TA:) pl. غُوَّاصٌ, (A, TA,) of the former, (TA,) and غَاصَةٌ, (A, TA,) [also of the former,] and [of the latter]

غَوَّاصُونَ. (TA.) b2: [Hence the saying,] هَوَ مِنْ صَاغَةِ الفِقَرِ وَغَاصَةِ الدُّرَرِ (tropical:) [He is of the moulders of فِقَر, lit., as thus used, ornaments fashioned in the form of the vertebræ of the back, but here meaning choice phrases or sentences; and of the divers for, and producers of, (expressions like) pearls, or large pearls]. (A, TA.) b3: [Hence likewise,] ↓ غَوَّاصٌ also signifies (tropical:) One who exercises art, craft, cunning, or skill, in ordering the means of obtaining subsistence. (TA.) b4: And غَائِصٌ also signifies One who pounces, or comes suddenly, or at unawares, upon a thing; (JK, S, Msb;) as also, (JK, Msb,) but in an intensive sense, (Msb,) ↓ غَوَّاصٌ: (JK, Msb:) pl. of the former غَاصَةٌ. (Msb.) مَغَاصٌ A place where one dives in, or descends beneath, water; (Lth, A, K;) as also ↓ غَوْصٌ: (Lth, Mgh:) or ↓ the latter signifies particularly a place [where one dives and] whence pearls are fetched out. (JK, Mgh. *) You say also, هٰذَا مَغَاصُ اللُّؤْلُؤِ This is the diving-place for pearls. (A.) b2: Also The upper part of the سَاق [or shank, &c.]. (JK, Sgh, K.)

غرض

1 غَرِضَ, aor. ـَ (S, K,) inf. n. غَرَضٌ, (S, A, K,) He was vexed, or disquieted by grief, and by distress of mind; he was grieved, and distressed in mind: he was disgusted; he turned away with disgust. (S, A, K.) You say, غَرِضَ مِنْهُ He was vexed by, or at, him, or it, and disquieted by grief, and by distress of mind; he was grieved, and distressed in mind, by him, or it: (Mgh in art. غرض, and TA:) he was disgusted with it, or at it; he turned away from it with disgust: (Mgh:) and he feared him, or it. (Ibn-'Abbád, K, TK: but the first and second mention only the inf. n. of the verb in this last sense.) And غَرِضَ بِالمُقَامِ, aor. and inf. n. as above, [He was vexed, &c., by continuance, stay, residence, or abode, in a place: he was disgusted with it, or at it.] (S.) And إِذَا فَاتَهُ الغَرَضُ فَتَّهُ الغَرَضُ i. e. الضَّجَرُ [When the object of aim, or endeavour, escapes him, so that he cannot attain it, vexation, or disquietude by grief, and by distress of mind, or disgust, crushes him]. (A, TA.) b2: And hence, (A,) aor. as above, (K,) and so the inf. n., (A, TA,) He yearned, or longed: (S, A, K:) or he yearned, or longed, vehemently, or intensely: (TA:) إِلَيْهِ for him, or it: (S:) or إِلَى لِقَائِهِ for meeting with him: the verb in this sense being made trans. by means of الى because it imports the meaning of اِشْتَاقَ and حَنَّ [which are made trans. by the same means]: (A, TA:) [for] accord. to Akh, غَرِضْتُ إِلَيْهِ signifies غَرِضْتُ مِنْ هٰؤُلآءِ إِلَيْهِ [I turned with vexation, or disgust, from these, to him, or it]; because the Arabs connect the verb [with its objective complement] by means of all these particles [mentioned above; namely, ب and من and الى]. (S.) Mbr reckons غَرَضٌ, as meaning both “ being disgusted ” and “ yearning ” or “ longing,” among words having contrary significations; and so does Ibn-Es-Seed; (MF;) and in like manner, IKtt. (TA.) [Perhaps these derive the latter meaning from غَرَضٌ signifying “ a butt,” or “ an object of aim,” &c.]

A2: غَرَضَ عَنْهُ, (TA,) [in the TK غَرَضَهُ,] inf. n. غَرْضٌ, (Ibn-'Abbád, K,) He (a man, TA) refrained, forbore, abstained, or desisted, from him, or it; left, relinquished, or forsook, him, or it. (Ibn-'Abbád, * K, * TA.) A3: غَرُضَ, aor. ـُ inf. n. غِرَضٌ, It (a thing) was fresh, juicy, moist, not flaccid. (S, K.) A4: غَرَضَ الشَّىْءَ, aor. ـِ (K,) inf. n. غَرْضٌ; (TA;) and ↓ غرّضهُ, (K,) inf. n. تَغْرِيضٌ; (TA;) He plucked the thing while it was fresh, juicy, moist, or not flaccid: or he took it (أَخَذَهُ, in some copies of the K جَذَّهُ, which is a mistake, TA) while it was so. (K.) b2: (assumed tropical:) He did the thing hastily, or hurriedly, before its time; syn. أَعْجَلَهُ عَنْ وَقْتِهِ. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, TS, K. *) b3: غَرَضَ السَّخْلَ, (S, K,) aor. and inf. n. as above; (TA;) and ↓ غرّضها; (K;) (assumed tropical:) He weaned the lambs, or kids, before their time. (ISk, S, K.) b4: غَرَضَتْ سِقَآءَهَا, (S, K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (S,) (assumed tropical:) She (a woman, S) churned, or agitated, the contents of her milk-skin, and when its butter had formed in little clots but had not collected together, she poured out the milk, and gave it to people to drink. (ISk, S, K. *) b5: غَرَضْتُ لَهُ غَرِيضًا (tropical:) I gave him to drink fresh milk. (TA.) b6: غَرَضْتُ لِلضَّيْفِ غَرِيضًا (tropical:) I fed the guests with food that had not been kept through the night: so in the A: but in the K, لَهُمْ ↓ أَغْرَضَ غَرِيضًا (tropical:) he kneaded for them fresh dough, and did not feed them with food that had been kept through the night. (TA.) A5: غَرَضَهُ, aor. ـِ [inf. n. غَرْضٌ,] also signifies He filled it, namely, a vessel, (S, K,) and a skin, and a wateringtrough; (TA;) and so ↓ اغرضهُ. (K.) b2: and He stopped short of filling it completely. (S, K. [See also 2.]) Thus it has two contr. significations. (S, K.) A rájiz says, لَقَدْ فَدَى أَعْنَاقَهُنَّ المَحْضُ وَالدَّأْظُ حَتَّى مَا لَهُنَّ غَرْضُ (S, TA,) i. e. Verily the محض and the دأظ [the pure milk and the fatness and fulness so that there is no deficiency in their skins] have ransomed them from being slaughtered and sold. (TA.) [But see غَرْضٌ below.] b3: Also, aor. ـِ inf. n. غَرْضٌ, He broke it (i. e. a thing) without separating it. (TA.) A6: غَرَضَ البَعِيرَ, (S,) or النَّاقَةَ, (K,) [aor. ـِ as appears from the word مَغْرِضٌ, for otherwise, by rule, it would be مَغْرَضٌ,] inf. n. غَرْضٌ, (K,) He bound the غَرْض upon the camel; (S;) as also ↓ اغْتِرضهُ; (TA;) or he bound the she-camel with the غُرْضَة, (K,) or غَرْض; (TA;) as also ↓ أَغْرَضَهَا; (K;) and in like manner, غَرَضَ البَغِيرَ بِالغَرْضِ. (TA.) 2 غرّض, inf. n. تَغْرِيضٌ, He ate fresh flesh-meat. (K.) b2: See also غَرَضَ, in two places.

A2: One says also, غَرِّضْ فِى سِقَائَكَ Fill not thy skin [completely; leave a portion unfilled in thy skin]. (S.) b2: And فُلَانٌ بَحْرٌ لَا يُغَرَّضُ i. e. [Such a one is a sea] that will not become exhausted. (S, A, TA.) A3: And غرّض signifies also تَفَكَّهَ, (K, TA.) [meaning He affected jesting, or joking, for it is] said in the I. to be from الفُكَاهَةُ signifying المُزَاحُ. (TA.) 3 غارض إِبِلَهُ (tropical:) He brought his camels to the watering-place early in the morning; in the first part of the day. (A, O, K.) 4 اغرضهُ He made him to be vexed, or disquieted by grief, and by distress of mind; to be grieved, and distressed in mind: he made him to be disgusted; to turn away with disgust. (S.) A2: See also 1, latter half, in two places.

A3: اغرض النَّاقَةَ: see 1, last sentence.

A4: اغرض He (a man) hit, or attained, the غَرَض [i. e. the butt, or object of aim, &c.]. (IKtt.) 5 تغرّض, (K, TA,) thus in the O, on the authority of Ibn-'Abbád; but accord. to the Tekmileh, ↓ انغرض; (TA;) said of a branch, It broke without breaking in pieces: (K, TA:) or, accord. to the L, the latter signifies It bent and broke without becoming separated. (TA.) 7 إِنْغَرَضَ see what next precedes.8 اِغْتَرَضَ: (so in a copy of the A: [and if this be correct, the primary signification seems to be It (a thing) was plucked, or taken, while it was fresh, juicy, moist, or not flaccid: quasi-pass. of غَرَضَ in the first of the senses assigned to it as a trans. v. above:]) or اُغْتَرِضَ: (so in the JK and TA: [and if this be correct, it is app. formed by transposition from اُغْتُضِرَ:]) (tropical:) He died in his fresh state; (JK;) [i. e.] he died a youth, or a young man: [the latter reading seems to be the right, for it is said to be] similar to اُحْتُضِرَ [evidently a mistranscription for اُخْتُضِرَ]. (A, TA.) A2: اغترض الشَّىْءَ He made the thing his غَرَض [i. e. butt, or object of aim, &c.]. (TA.) A3: اغترض البَعِيرَ: see 1, last sentence.

غَرْضٌ and ↓ غُرْضَةٌ The appertenance of a camel's saddle of the kind called رَحْل which is like the حِزَام of the سَرْج (S, K) and the بِطَان of the قَتَب; (S;) i. e. girth, or fore girth, (تَصْدِير,) thereof; (S;) the حِزَام of the رَحْل: (A:) pl. of the former, أَغْرَاضٌ [a pl. of pauc.] (S, K) and أَغْرُضٌ [also a pl. of pauc.] (IB) and غُرُوضٌ [a pl. of mult.]: and of the latter, ↓ غُرْضٌ, [or rather this is a coll. gen. n.,] (S, K,) like as بُسْرٌ is of بُسْرَةٌ, (S,) and غُرُضٌ. (S, K.) [Hence the saying of Mohammad,] غُرْض shall not be bound [upon camels by pilgrims] except to three mosques; the sacred mosque [of Mekkeh], and my mosque [of ElMedeeneh], and the mosque [El-Aksà] of Beytel-Makdis [or Jerusalem]. (TA.) A2: غَرْضٌ also signifies (accord. to some, in the verse cited in the first paragraph, S, TA) The place of what thou hast left (مَوْضِعُ مَا تَرَكْتَهُ, not ماء [i. e. not مَآءٍ] as written in the S [and K], TA,) and not put into it anything: (S, K, TA:) and is said by some to be like the أَمْت [q. v.] in a skin. (TA.) b2: And A state of folding. (AHeyth, K.) And A man's having folds (غُرُوض) in the body when he has been fat and then has become lean. (Sgh, K.) And you say, طَوَيْتُ الثَّوْبَ عَلَى غُرُوضِهِ i. e. غُرُورِهِ [I folded the garment, or piece of cloth, according to its first, or original, foldings.] (Ibn-'Abbád, Z, Sgh, K.) عُرْضٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

غَرَضٌ A butt, a mark, or an object of aim, at which one shoots, or throws; (S, O, Msb, K;) a thing that thou settest up (مَا أَمْثَلْتَهُ) to shoot or throw at: (IDrd:) pl. أَغْرَاضٌ. (Msb, K.) It is said in a trad., لَا تَتَّخِذُوا شَيْئًا فِيهِ الرَّوحُ غَرَضًا [Ye shall not take a thing in which is the vital principle as a butt]. (TA.) And hence one says, النَّاسُ أَغْرَاضُ المَنِيَّةِ (assumed tropical:) [Mea are the butts of destiny, or of death]: and جَعَلْتَنِى غَرَضًا لِشَتْمِكَ (assumed tropical:) [Thou madest me, or hast made me, a butt for thy reviling]. (TA.) b2: And hence, (tropical:) An object of aim or endeavour or pursuit, of desire or wish, or of intention or purpose: (Msb:) a scope; or any end which one endeavours, or seeks, or intends, or purposes, to attain: (B:) an object of want, and of desire: (TA:) the advantage, or good, which one seeks, or endeavours, or purposes, to attain, or obtain, from a thing: so much used in this tropical sense as to be, in this sense, conventionally regarded as proper. (MF.) You say, غَرَضُهُ كَذَا (tropical:) His object of aim or endeavour or pursuit, &c., is such a thing: (Msb:) or his object of want, and of desire, is such a thing (TA.) And فَعَلَ لِغَرَضٍ صَحِيحٍ (tropical:) He did, or acted, for a just, or right, object of aim &c. (Msb.) And فَهِمْتُ غَرَضَكَ (assumed tropical:) I understood, or have understood, thine object of aim &c., or thine intention; syn. قَصْدَكَ. (S.) [See another ex. voce غَرِضَ, of which it is also the inf. n.]

غَرِضٌ, when followed by مِنْ, Vexed, or disquieted by grief, and by distress of mind; grieved, and distressed in mind: disgusted; or turning away with disgust. (TA.) b2: Also, when followed by إِلَى, Yearning, or longing: (S, TA:) or yearning, or longing, vehemently, or intensely. (TA.) غُرْضَةٌ: see غَرْضٌ.

غَرِيضٌ A thing that is fresh, juicy, moist, or not flaccid: (S, A, K:) also applied to flesh-meat. (S.) [See also 1, in three places, in the latter half of the paragraph.] b2: Fresh, or juicy, dates. (TA.) b3: Rain-water; as also ↓ مَغْرُوضٌ: (S, K:) because of its freshness. (S, TA.) b4: Water to which one comes early in the morning; in the first part of the day. (TA.) b5: See also إِغْرِيضٌ, in two places. b6: Also Any new, or novel, song. (IB, TA.) b7: And hence, A singer; because of his performing new, or novel, singing: (IB, TA:) or a singer who performs well, (K, TA,) and is of those who are well known; and so called because of his gentleness, or softness. (TA.) وَرَدَ المَآءَ غَارِضَا (assumed tropical:) He came to the water early in the morning; in the first part of the day. (S, K. *) And أَوْرَدَ إِبِلَهُ غَارِضًا (assumed tropical:) He brought his camels to the watering-place early in the morning; in the first part of the day. (TA.) And أَتَيْتُهُ غَارِضًا I came to him in the first part of the day. (TA.) إِغْرِيضٌ The spadix of a palm-tree: syn. طَلْعٌ; (S, K;) which some call إِغْرِيضَةٌ; (TA:) as also ↓ غَرِيضٌ: (S, K:) or the spadix of a palm-tree (طَلْع) when it bursts from its كَافُور [i. e. spathe, or envelope]: (IAar:) or what is in the interior of the طَلْعَة [or spathe of a palm-tree]: (Th:) or the thing [i. e. the spathe] from which the spadix of the palm-tree (طَلْع) bursts: (Ks, A) to which a woman's garment is likened. (A, TA.) b2: (assumed tropical:) Anything white and fresh or juicy or moist, as also ↓ غَرِيضٌ: (S, K:) or anything white like milk. (Ks.) b3: (tropical:) Hail: (Lth, Th:) as being likened to what is in the interior of the طَلْعَة (Th.) b4: (assumed tropical:) Large rain, or large drops of rain, appearing, when falling, as though it, or they, were arrow-heads, from a dissundered cloud: or the first of what falls thereof. (TA.) مَغْرِضٌ The part of a camel which is like the مَحْزِم [or place of the girth] (S, O, K) of a دَابَّة, (S,) [i. e.] of a horse (O, K) and mule and ass; (O;) which is the sides of the belly, at the lower part of the ribs; for these are the places of the غَرْض, in the bellies of camels: (S:) and ↓ مُغَرَّضٌ signifies [the same: i. e.] the place of the غُرْضَة, (IKh, TA,) or غَرْض; (TA;) and also the belly: (IKh, TA:) or the former signifies the head of the shoulder-blade, in which is the مُشَاش [or prominent part], beneath the cartilage: or the inner part of what is between the arm [and] the place where the شَرَاسِيف [or cartilages of the ribs] end (TA:) pl. مَغَارِضُ. (S, TA.) مُغَرَّضٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مَغْرُوضٌ: see غَرِيضٌ.

غلظ

1 غَلُظَ, aor. ـُ (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K;) and غَلَظَ, aor. ـِ (Sgh, K;) inf. n. [of the former] غِلَظٌ (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K) and ↓ غِلَاظَةٌ and ↓ غِلْظَةٌ (S, * O, K, * TK) and ↓ غُلْظَةٌ and ↓ غَلْظَةٌ, (O, K, * TK,) all are inf. ns. of غَلُظَ, (O,) or the last three, the second and third of which are mentioned in the Bári', on the authority of IAar, are simple substs.; (Msb;) and perhaps غَلْظٌ may be an inf. n. [of the latter verb]; (ISd, TA;) It (a thing, Msb) was, or became, thick, gross, big, bulky, or coarse; (Mgh, Msb, K;) it (a thing) became غلِّيظ; as also ↓ استغلظ. (S.) You say, غَلُظَ جِسْمُهُ His body was, or became, thick, &c. (Mgh.) And الزَّرْعُ ↓ استغلظ i. q. غَلُظَ, (Jel in xlviii. 29,) The seed-produce became thick: (Bd:) or strong: (Msb:) or well grown and thick: and in like manner one says of any plant or tree: (TA:) and غَلُظَتِ السُّنْبُلَةُ, and ↓ استغلظت, the ear of corn produced grain. (K.) [And غَلْظَ الثَّوْبُ The garment, or piece of cloth, was thick, or coarse.] And غَلُظَتِ الأَرْضُ, inf. n. غِلَظٌ, and perhaps غَلْظٌ may be also an inf. n. [of this verb, or, more probably, of غَلَظَت], The land was, or became, rough, or rugged. (ISd. TA.) [In this sense, also, غَلُظَ is used in relation to various things.] b2: [Said of a colour, It was dense, or deep: see غَلِيظٌ.] b3: Also (tropical:) He was, or became, characterized by غِلْظَة, the contr. of رِقَّة, in manners, disposition, action or conduct, speech, life, and the like; (TA;) i. e., rough; coarse; rude; unkind; hard; churlish; uncivil; surly; hard to deal with; incompliant; unobsequious; evil in disposition; illnatured; or the like (S, by its explanation of غِلْظَةٌ and غِلَاظَةٌ; and Msb: *) and in like manner, [as meaning it was, or became, hard, or difficult, and the like, (see غَلِيظٌ,)] it is said of an affair: (TA:) and ↓ تغلّظ is said of a crime; meaning it was gross, or great; but this is accord. to analogy only; not on the authority of hearsay. (Mgh.) It is said in the Kur [ix. 74, and lxvi. 9], واغْلُظْ عَلَيْهِمْ And use thou roughness towards them: (Bd in lxvi. 9:) and some read وَاغْلِظْ, with kesr to the ل. (TA.) [See also غِلْظَةٌ, below.]2 غلّظ الشَّىْءَ, inf. n. تَغْلِيظٌ, He made, or rendered, the thing غَلِيظ [in the proper sense, i. e., thick, gross, big, bulky, or coarse; &c.: b2: and also, and more commonly, in a tropical sense, i. e., (tropical:) hard, or difficult, and the like]: (TA:) and غلّظ عَلَيْهِ الشَّىْءَ, inf. n. as abuse, (tropical:) [he made the thing hard, or difficult, or the like, to him;] and hence دِيَةٌ مَغَلَّظَةٌ, which see below. (S, TA,) [Hence also,] غَلَّظْتُ اليَمِينَ, inf. n. as above, (assumed tropical:) I made the oath strong, or forcible; I confirmed, or ratified, it: (Msb;) [and so ↓ أَغْلَظْتُهَا; for you say,] حَلَفَ بِإِغْلَاظِ اليَمِينِ (tropical:) [He swore, making the oath strong, &c.]. (TA.) And غَلَّظْتُ عَلَيْهِ فِى

اليَمِينِ, inf. n. as above, (assumed tropical:) I was hard, rigorous, or severe, to him in the oath. (Msb.) b3: تَغْلِيظٌ in pronunciation: see تَفْخِيمٌ.3 مُغَالَظَةٌ is similar to مُعَارَضَةٌ (assumed tropical:) [The act of mutually opposing, and app. with roughness, coarseness, or the like]: (TA:) and signifies a state of mutual enmity or hostility. (IDrd, K.) See غِلْظَةٌ, below, last sentence.4 اغلظ الثَّوْبَ He found the garment, or piece of cloth, to be thick, or coarse: (K:) or he bought it thick, or coarse: (S, K:) the former is the more correct: (O:) or the former only is correct. (TS.) b2: اغلظت اليَمِينَ: see 2.

A2: اغلظ [is also intrans., and signifies] He (a man, Ibn-'Abbád) alighted, or alighted and abode, in a rough, or rugged, tract of land. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) b2: اغلظ لَهُ فِى القَوْلِ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) (tropical:) He was, or became, rough, harsh, coarse, rude, uncivil, or ungentle, to him in speech: (Mgh, Msb, K:) one should not say غلّظ. (TA.) 5 تَغَلَّظَ see 1, near the end.

استغلظ: see 1, in three places.

A2: استغلظهُ He saw it to be, regarded it as, or esteemed it, thick, gross, big, bulky, or coarse. (Msb.) He abstained from purchasing it (namely a garment, or piece of cloth, S) because of its thickness, or coarseness. (S, K.) غَلْظٌ Rough, or rugged, land or ground; (ISd, K;) mentioned on the authority of Ibn-'Abbád; and by AHn, on the authority of En-Nadr; but it has been repudiated: and is said to be correctly ↓ غِلَظٌ: ISd says, of the former word, “I know not whether it be [properly] syn. with غَلِيظٌ, or whether it be an inf. n. used as an epithet: ”

accord. to Kr, it signifies hard land without stones: Ks says that غَلْظٌ is syn. with ↓ غِلَظٌ. (TA.) غِلَظٌ: [see 1: b2: and] see غَلْظٌ, in two places.

غَلْظَةٌ: see what next follows.

غُلْظَةٌ: see what next follows.

غِلْظَةٌ and ↓ غُلْظَةٌ and ↓ غَلْظَةٌ: see 1: these three forms are mentioned by Zj, (TA,) and in the Bári', (Msb, TA,) on the authority of IAar, (Msb,) and by Sgh; but the first of them [only] is commonly known: (TA:) they are substs. from غَلُظَ; and signify Thickness, grossness, bigness, bulkiness, or coarseness. (Msb.) [And Roughness, or ruggedness.] b2: Also (tropical:) Contr. of رِقَّةٌ, in manners, disposition, action or conduct, speech, life, and the like; (TA;) i. e. roughness, coarseness, rudeness, unkindness, hardness, churlishness, incivility, surliness, roughness in manners, hardness to deal with, incompliance, unobsequiousness, evilness of disposition, illnature, or the like: (S, Msb: *) and in like manner, hardness, or difficulty, of an affair. (TA, as shown by an explanation of غَلِيظٌ.) You say, رَجُلٌ فِيهِ غِلْظَةٌ (tropical:) A man in whom is roughness, coarseness, rudeness, &c.; (S, Msb; *) as also ↓ غِلَاظَةٌ. (S.) And it is said in the Kur [ix. 124], وَلْيَجِدُوا فِيكُمْ غِلْظَةٌ, in which the last word is pronounced in the three different ways shown above, accord. to different readers; meaning (tropical:) [And let them find in you] hardness, or strength, or vehemence, and superiority in fight: (TA:) or hardness, or strength, or vehemence, and patient endurance of fight: (Bd:) or hardness, or strength, or vehemence, in enmity and in fight and in making captives. (Mgh.) And you say, بَيْنَهُمَا غِلْظَةٌ (tropical:) Between them two is enmity, or hostility; as also ↓ مُغَالَظَةٌ. (IDrd, K.) غُلَاظٌ: see what next follows.

غَلِيظٌ (S, &c.) Thick, gross, big, bulky, or coarse; (Mgh, Msb, K;) as also ↓ غُلَاظٌ: (K:) fem. of the former with ة: (TA:) and pl. غِلَاظٌ. (Msb, TA.) Applied [to a body, &c.; and, as meaning Thick, or coarse,] to a garment, or piece of cloth. (Mgh, K.) You say also, أَرْضٌ غَلِيظَةٌ Rough, or rugged, land. (ISd, TA.) [And in this sense, of rough, or rugged, غَلِيظٌ is used in relation to various things.] b2: Applied to a colour [Dense, or deep: see غَضْبٌ]. (K in art. غضب.) b3: Also, applied to a man, (tropical:) Characterized by غِلْظَة, the contr. of رِقَّة, in manners, disposition, action or conduct, speech, life, and the like; rough, coarse, rude, unkind, hard, churlish, uncivil, surly, rough in manners, hard to deal with, incompliant, unobsequious, evil in disposition, illnatured, or the like: (Msb, * TA:) and so غَلِيظُ الجَانِبِ; [contr. of لَيِّنُ الجَانِبِ:] (O and K in art. فظ:) and غَلِيظُ القَلْبِ hard-hearted; (Bd in iii. 153;) evil in disposition, or illnatured. (TA.) Applied also to an affair, meaning (tropical:) Hard, or difficult. (TA.) And to punishment, [in the Kur xi. 61, &c.,] meaning (tropical:) Vehement, or severe; (Mgh;) intensely painful. (Msb.) And [in like manner] to slaying and wounding. (TA.) and to a compact, or covenant, [in the Kur iv. 25, &c.,] meaning (tropical:) Strong, confirmed, or ratified. (Mgh, TA.) And to water, meaning (tropical:) Bitter. (TA.) غِلَاظَةٌ: see 1, first sentence; and غِلْظَةٌ.

أَغْلَظُ comparative and superlative of غَلِيظٌ [in all its senses]. (IJ.) دِيَةٌ مُغَلَّظَةٌ (assumed tropical:) [A bloodwit, or fine for bloodshed, made hard, rigorous, or severe;] one which is incumbent for what is like an intentional homicide; (S;) or for a homicide purely intentional, and for that which is intentional but committed in mistake, and for that which is committed in the sacred territory, and for the slaughter of a kinsman; (EshSháfi'ee;) consisting of thirty camels of the description termed حِقَّة, and thirty of that termed جَذَعَة, and forty between the ثَنِيَّة and the بَازِل, all pregnant. (Esh-Sháfi'ee, K.) And يَمِينٌ مُغَلَّظَةٌ (assumed tropical:) [An oath made strong or forcible, or confirmed, or ratified.] (S.) b2: العَوْرَةُ المُغَلَّظَةُ: see عَوْرَةٌ.

مُسْتَغْلَظُ [The thick part of the fore arm]. (TA.)

فزع

1 فَزِعَ, (S, O, Msb, K,) and فَزَعَ, (K,) aor. ـَ of the former verb, (Msb, K,) and of the latter also, (K,) inf. n. فَزَعٌ, (S, O, Msb, K,) which is of the former verb, (S, * O, Msb, TA,) and [of the latter verb] فَزْعٌ [فَزَعًا in the CK being a mistake for فَزْعًا] and ?? (K, TA,) He feared; or was, or became, in fear, afraid, frightened, or terrified; (S, O, Msb, K, TA;) and so ↓ تفزّع: (TA in art. روع:) you say, فَزِعَ مِنْهُ he feared him, or it; or was, or became, in fear, &c., of him, or it: (MA, Msb, TA:) accord. to Er-Rághib, فَزَعٌ signifies a shrinking, and an aversion, that comes upon a man, from a thing causing fear or fright; and is a kind of جَزَع [q. v.]; and one should not say فَزِعْتُ مِنَ اللّٰهِ like as one says خِفْتُ مِنْهُ: or, as Mbr says, in the “ Kámil,” its primary signification is the fearing, or being in fear or afraid or frightened or terrified: then, by a metonymical application, it signifies a people's going forth quickly to repel an enemy, or the like, that has come upon them suddenly; and this meaning has become [conventionally regarded as] proper. (TA.) b2: فَزَعٌ signifies also The seeking, or demanding, aid, or succour: (Az, K, TA:) and the aiding, or succouring; (Az, S, O, K, TA;) this latter being likewise a signification of ↓ إِفْزَاعٌ: (S, O:) an ex. of the former word (S, O, TA) in the latter sense (O, TA) occurs in the saying of the Prophet to the Ansár, إِنَّكُمْ لَتَكْثُرُونَ عِنْدَ الفَزَعِ وَ تَقِلُّونَ عِنْدَ الطَّمَعِ [Verily ye are many on the occasion of aiding, or succouring, and ye are few on the occasion of coveting, or greed]; (S, O, TA;) or in this saying the implied meaning may be, on the occasion of men's betaking themselves to you in fear (عِنْدَ فَزَعِ النَّاسِ إِلَيْكُمْ) in order that ye may aid or succour them [which is virtually the same as their seeking your aid or succour]: (TA:) thus [it is said] فَزَعٌ has two contr. significations: (K:) and both of these significations are expressed by the verb فَزِعَ: (O:) you say فَزِعَ إِلَيْهِ and فَزِعَ مِنْهُ; (K in continuation of what has been last cited therefrom above, and TA; [app. meant to indicate that both of these phrases signify he sought, or demanded, aid, or succour, of him; and he aided, or succoured, him; or that the former phrase has the former signification; and the latter phrase, the latter signification; though accord. to the TK, both phrases have the former signification, and the former phrase has also the latter signification;]) but you should not say فَزَعَهُ, (K, TA,) i. e. like مَنَعَهُ: (TA:) [or] from الفَزَعُ as signifying “ fear,” or “ fright,” you say فَزِعْتُ

إِلَيْكَ and فَزِعْتُ مِنْكَ; [app. meant to indicate that the former phrase signifies I betook myself to thee in fear, which is a meaning thereof well known, and nearly agreeing with an explanation of the verb followed by إِلَيْهِ which will be found below in this paragraph; and that the latter phrase signifies I feared thee, or I was, or became, in fear, &c., of thee, the only meaning, of this phrase, for which I find any explicit authority, and one for which I have given three authorities in the first sentence of this art.;] but you should not say فَزِعْتُكَ: (S: [thus in my copies, فَزِعْتُكَ, not فَزَعْتُكَ:]) or فَزِعَ إِلَيْهِمْ signifies he sought, or demanded, of them, aid, or succour; and فَزَعَهُمْ and فَزِعَهُمْ signify he aided, or succoured, them, syn. أَغَاثَهُمْ [in the CK اَعانَهُمْ] and نَصَرَهُمْ, like ↓ أَفْزَعَهُمْ: (K, TA:) accord. to IB, فَزِعْتُهُ meaning أَغَثْتُهُ is originally فَزِعْتُ له [primarily signifying I feared, or became in fear &c., for him]; then the ل was dropped; for one says فَزِعْتُهُ and فَزِعْتُ لَهُ: (TA:) or فَزِعَ, like فَرِحَ, signifies اِنْتَصَرَ: (K: [thus in the copies of the K, and hence in the TA, app. a mistranscription for اِسْتَنْصَرَ, he sought, or demanded, aid, or aid against an enemy:]) and فَزِعَ إِلَيْهِ he betook himself, or had recourse, to him, or it, for refuge, protection, or preservation, (S, O, Msb, K, TA,) by reason of fear, or fright, (S,) and sought, or demanded, aid, or succour, by him, or it; whence, in a trad. respecting the eclipse of the sun, فَافْزَعُواإِلَى الصَّلَاة i. e. Then betake yourselves, &c., to prayer, and seek, or demand, aid, or succour, by it. (TA.) b3: فَزِعَ مِنْ نَوْمِهِ means He became roused from his sleep; (O, K;) because he who is roused is not free from some fear, or fright: occurring in a trad. in this sense. (O.) And one says, فَزِعْتُ بِمَجِىْءِ فُلَانٍ, meaning I prepared [or roused] myself by reason of the coming of such a one, by a change of state, or condition, like as the sleeper passes from the state of sleeping to that of waking. (TA.) A2: فَزَعَهُ in the phrase فَفَزَعَهُ ↓ فَازَعَهُ means He exceeded him in fear, or fright. (TA.) A3: فُزِعَ عَنْ قُلُوبِهِمْ: see the next paragraph.2 فزّعهُ: see 4. b2: [It also app. signifies He made a fearful event, or fearful events, to befall him: see its pass. part. n. below.] b3: فَزَّعَ عَنْهُ He removed from him fear, or fright: (O, in two places:) it is implied by the context in the K that عنه ↓ افزع has this meaning; but in the O and other lexicons it is فَزَّعَ. (TA.) And فُزِّعَ عَنْهُ, (S, K,) inf. n. تَفْزِيعٌ, (K,) Fear, or fright, was removed from him. (S, K.) It is said in the Kur [xxxiv. 22], حَتَّى إِذَافُزِّعَ عَنْ قُلُوبِهِمْ, meaning Until, when fear, or fright, shall be removed from their hearts: (S, O:) this is the common reading: another reading is فَزَّعَ, i. e. فَزَّعَ اللّٰهُ: and El-Hasan reads ↓ فُزِعَ: and he says that in this reading and the first, the prep. with its noun are [regarded as supplying the place of the agent and therefore virtually] in the nom. case, as in the phrase سِيرَ عَنِ البَلَدِ: (TA:) some read فُرِّغَ [q. v.]: (O and TA in art. فرغ:) and 'Eesà Ibn-'Omar is related to have read إِذَا افْرَنْقَعَ. (TA in art. فرقع.) 3 فازعهُ فَفَزَعَهُ [He vied with him in fear, or fright,] and he exceeded him therein. (TA. See 1, last sentence but one.) 4 افزعهُ, (Msb, K,) inf. n. إِفْزَاعٌ, (S, O,) He made him to fear, or to be afraid; frightened him; or terrified him; (S, * O, * Msb, K;) as also ↓ فزّعهُ, (S, O, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَفْزِيعٌ. (S, O.) And you say, يُفْزَعُ مِنْهُ [One is made to fear, or be afraid of, or is frightened, or terrified, at, it, or him], (S, O, K,) and مِنْ أَجْلِهِ [on account of him, or for the sake of him], (O, K,) and بِهِ [by him, or by means of him]. (O.) b2: [Hence,] He housed him from his sleep. (K, TA. [See 1, last quarter.]) b3: Also He aided, or succoured, him. (S, K.) See 1, former half; and again, in the latter half. b4: See also 2.5 تَفَزَّعَ see 1, first sentence.

فَزَعٌ Fear, or fright: (S, O, K:) originally (S) an inf. n.; but notwithstanding this, (S, * O, K,) sometimes, (S, O,) having a pl., which is أَفْزَاعٌ. (S, O, K.) b2: [And, as seems to be indicated by an explanation of مُفَزَّعٌ (q. v.), A fearful event: pl. as above.]

فَزِعٌ Fearing; being afraid or frightened or terrified; (Er-Rághib, MA, Msb, TA;) thus in a verse cited voce ظُنْبُوبٌ; (Er-Rághib, TA;) and ↓ مُفَازِعٌ is syn. therewith: (O, K:) and one says also ↓ رَجُلٌ فَازِعٌ, pl. فَزَعَةٌ; and ↓ مَفْزُوعٌ; meaning a man put in fear; made afraid; frightened, or terrified. (TA.) And In a state of disquiet, disturbance, or agitation: whence an extraordinary reading, of four readers, in the Kur xxviii. 9, [i. e.

فَزِعًا] for فَارِغًا, relating to the heart of the mother of Moses, meaning in a state of disquiet, &c., almost quitting its pericardium. (TA.) It has no broken pl.; its only pl. being فَزِعُونَ. (TA.) b2: Also Seeking, or demanding, aid, or succour; and Sgh thus explains it [in the O] as used in the verse above mentioned; but Er-Rághib says that this is an explanation of the intended meaning, not of the literal signification: (TA:) and it has also the contr. meaning, aiding, or succouring; thus being trans., though of the measure فَعِلٌ; but it may be altered from ↓ فَازِعٌ, like as حَذِرٌ is [said to be] altered from حَاذِرٌ. (IB, TA,) فَزْعَةٌ: see فَزَعَةٌ.

فُزْعَةٌ A man whom one is made to fear, of whom one is made afraid, or at whom one is frightened: (O, K:) [like مَفْزَعَةٌ as expl. by Lth and others:] and by whom, or by means of whom, one is made afraid, or frightened. (O.) فَزَعَةٌ sing. of فَزَعَات in the phrase فَزَعَاتُ الرُّوعِ [app. meaning The fears, or frights, of the heart]. (TA. [The sing., as well as the pl., is there said to be thus, بِالتَّحْرِيك; but if the former be, as I think it is, an inf. n. un., it should by rule be ↓ فَزْعَةٌ.]) فُزَعَةٌ One who fears men, or is frightened at them: (K:) or one who fears, or is frightened, much, or often; (O;) [and] so ↓ فَزَّاعَةٌ. (TA. [But see what next follows.]) فَزَّاعَةٌ One who makes men to fear, or frightens them, much, or often. (O, K.) See also فُزَعَةٌ.

فَازِغٌ: see فَزِعٌ, in two places.

مَفْزَعٌ i. q. مَلْجَأْ [as meaning A refuge, i. e. a place to which, or a person to whom, one betakes himself, or has recourse, for refuge, protection, or preservation,] (S, O, Msb, K, TA,) on the occasion of the befalling of an affliction or a calamity; (TA;) applied to a sing. and a pl. (S, O, K) and a dual (S, O) and a masc. and a fem.; (S, O, K;) one says, فُلَانٌ مَفْزَعٌ لِلنَّاسِ Such a one is a refuge to men when an event comes upon them suddenly, and هُمَامَفْزَعٌ لِلنَّاسِ, and هُمْ مَفْزَعٌ, &c.; (S, O;) and ↓ مَفْزَعَةٌ is the same in signification and in its applications; (K;) expl. by IF as signifying a place to which one who is in fear, or frightened, betakes himself, or has recourse, for refuge, protection, or preservation: (TA:) or مَفْزَعٌ signifies one of whom aid, or succour, is sought, or demanded: (K:) and ↓ مَفْزَعَةٌ, [a cause of fear or fright; being a word of the class of مَبْخَلَةٌ and مَجْبَنَةٌ; i. e.] a thing that one is made to fear, or at which one is frightened; (S;) or a person whom one is made to fear, or at whom one is frightened; [like فُزْعَةٌ;] or on account of whom, or for the sake of whom, one is made to fear, or is frightened: (Lth, O, K:) you say, فُلَانٌ لَنَا مَفْزَعَةٌ [Such a one is to us a person whom we are made to fear, &c.], and in like manner you say of a female, and of a pl. number. (O.) مَفْزَعَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places.

مُفَزَّعٌ Cowardly; (Fr, O, K;) as being made to fear, or to be frightened at, everything: (Fr, O:) and courageous; (Fr, O, K;) as being one the like of whom fearful events are made to befall (بِمِثْلِهِ تُنْزَلُ الأَفْزَاعُ). (Fr, O. [But what here follows suggests another reason, and I think a better, for the latter meaning.]) مُفَزَّعَةٌ applied by 'Amr Ibn-Maadee-Kerib as an epithet to his اِسْت, in replying to a threat of El-Ash-'ath, who had said to him, لَوْ دَنَوْتَ لَأُضَرِّطَنَّكَ, means Secure from being overcome by fear, or fright, and [therefore] not lax so as to break wind [in consequence of fear]; being from فَزَّعَ عَنْهُ meaning “ he removed fear, or fright, from him; ” or it may be for the same reason as that for which مُفَزَّعٌ is applied to a courageous man. (O.) مَفْزُوعٌ: see فَزِعٌ, first sentence.

مُفَازِعٌ: see فَزِعٌ, first sentence.

هجر

1 هَجَرَهُ, (S, A, &c.,) aor. ـُ (Msb,) inf. n. هَجْرٌ (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K) and هِجْرَانٌ, (S, A, Mgh, K,) or the latter is a simple subst., (Msb,) He cut him off from friendly or loving, communion or intercourse; contr. of وَصَلَهُ: (S, Mgh:) he forsook, or abandoned, him; syn. قَطَعَهُ: (Msb, TA:) he cut him; meaning, he ceased to speak to him, or to associate with him; syn. صَرَمَهُ, (A, Mgh, K,) and قَطَعَ كَلَامَهُ. (Mgh.) It is said in the Kur, [iv. 38,] وَاهْجُرُوهُنَّ فِى المَضَاجِعٍ, i. e., [And cut ye them off from loving intercourse] in the sleeping-places, in order to obtain their obedience. (Msb.) See also 3. b2: He left it; forsook it; relinquished it; abandoned it; deserted it; quitted it: abstained from it: neglected it: shunned or avoided it; was averse from it: syn. تَرَكَهُ; (A, Msb, K, TA;) and رَفَضَهُ; (Msb;) and فَارَقَهُ: (B:) and أَغْفَلَهُ: and أَعْرَضَ عَنْهُ: (TA:) namely, a thing to which it was necessary for him to pay frequent attention: (Lth, TA:) as also ↓ أَهْجَرَهُ; (K;) which latter is of the dial. of Hudheyl: (TA:) and هُجِرَ he, or it, was left; &c. (IKtt.) هِجْرَانٌ may be with the body and with the tongue and with the heart or mind: it is with the first in the passage of the Kur cited above: it may be with any of the three in the Kur, [lxxiii. 10,] where it is said, وَاهْجُرْهُمْ هَجْرًا جَمِيلًا [And avoid thou them, i. e., avoid the associating with them in person, or speaking to them, or entertaining friendship for them in thy heart, with an avoiding of a becoming kind]: and it is with all the three in the following ex. in the Kur, [lxxiv. 5,] وَالرِّجْزَ فَاهْجُرْ [And idolatry avoid thou]. (B.) You say also, هَجَرَ الشِّرْكَ, inf. n. هَجْرٌ and هِجْرَانٌ, [He abstained from, or avoided, polytheism, or the associating of others with God,] هِجْرَةً حَسَنَةً [with a good manner of abstaining, or avoiding]. (Lh, K.) And it is said in a trad., وَلَا يَسْمَعُونَ القُرْآنَ إِلَّا هَجْرًا, meaning, [And they hear not the Kur-án save] with neglect of it, and aversion from it: the reading الّا هُجْرًا, mentioned by IKt, and his explanation of it, save with foul speech, are both said by El-Khattábee to be erroneous. (TA.) b3: هَجَرَ, [aor. ـُ inf. n. هَجْرٌ, He (a man) went, removed, retired, or withdrew himself, to a distance, far away, or far off. (TA.) b4: هَجَرَ فِى الصَّوْمِ, (K,) aor. ـُ inf. n. هِجْرَانٌ, (TA,) He abstained from sexual intercourse in fasting. (K.) A2: هَجَرَ, (Lth, Fr, S, A, K, &c.,) or هَجَرَ فِى كَلَامِهِ, (Msb,) aor. ـُ (Lth, Fr, S, &c.,) inf. n. هَجْرٌ, (Lth, S, A, Mgh, Msb,) with fet-h, (Mgh,) or هُجْرٌ, with damm, (K,) and هِجِّيرَى, (A, K,) or this is a simple subst., (Lth,) and إِهْجِيرَى, (K,) [or this and that which immediately precedes it are intensive inf. ns.,] He (a sick man, Lth, S, Msb, K, or one having the disease termed بِرْسَام, A'Obeyd, A, or having a fever, A'Obeyd, and one sleeping. Fr, K) talked nonsense; talked irrationally or foolishly or deliriously, (Lth, Fr, S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) and confusedly: (Msb:) or هِجِّيرَى signifies the talking much, and saying what is evil. (Sb.) In the Kur, [xxiii. 69,] instead of تَهْجُرُونَ, in the phrase سَامِرًا تَهْجُرُونَ, [Holding discourse by night, talking irrationally or foolishly,] I'Ab reads تُهْجِرُونَ from ↓ أَهْجَرَ, [q. v.,] from الهُجْرُ. (TA.) b2: See also 4. b3: هَجَرَ بِهِ, aor. ـُ inf. n. هَجْرٌ, He dreamed of him or it; or saw him or it in sleep: or he did so and talked foolishly or deliriously. (TA.) 2 هجّر, (Lth, A, K, &c.,) inf. n. تَهْجِيرٌ, (S, Msb, K,) He journeyed in the time called the هَاجِرَة; (Lth, S, A, Mgh, K;) as also ↓ تهجّر; (IAar, S, A, K;) and ↓ اهجر: (K:) or he went forth in that time: (Az, TA:) or he was (صَارَ) in that time: (Msb: [but in my copy of that work, صار is perhaps a mistake for سَارَ:]) or ↓ اهجر has this last signification; (Lth, TA;) or signifies he entered upon that time; like اظهر (A.) b2: It (the day) attained to the time called he هَاجِرَة. (S, TA.) 3 هاجرهُ, (A,) inf. n. مُهَاجَرَةٌ; (B;) and ↓ اهتجرهُ; (A;) He cut him off from friendly, or loving, communion or intercourse, being so cut off by him; or he cut him, or ceased to speak to him, being in like manner cut by him: and he forsook, or abandoned, him, being forsaken, or abandoned, by him: (A, * B:) this is the primary signification of the former. (B.) b2: هاجر, (T, A, Msb, K,) inf. n. مُهَاجَرَةٌ (T, S, A, Msb) and هِجْرَةٌ, (A,) or the latter is a simple subst., (Mgh, Msb,) He (an inhabitant of the desert) went forth from his desert to the cities or towns: this is the primary acceptation, with the Arabs, of the verb [when intrans.]: also, he (any one) left his place of abode, emigrating to another people: (Az:) he departed, or went forth, from one land to another, (S, K,) or from one country, or district, or town, to another: (Msb:) and, as used in the Kur, ii. 215, [and in many other instances in the same and other books,] he went forth [or emigrated] from the territory of the unbelievers to the territory of the believers [or to any place of safety or refuge on account of religious persecution, &c.] (B.) See an ex. voce تَهَجَّرَ; and see هِجْرَةٌ.4 اهجرهُ: see هَجَرَهُ.

A2: اهجر فِى مَنْطِقِهِ, (S, * Mgh, Msb, K,) or simply اهجر, (A,) inf. n. إِهْجَارٌ (S, K) and هُجْرٌ, (Lh, Kr, K,) or the latter is, correctly speaking, a simple subst., (TA,) He spoke, or uttered, foul, evil, bad, abominable, or unseemly, language: (S, A, Mgh, K:) or he did so much; beyond what he used to do before; as also ↓ هَجَرَ, aor. ـُ (Msb,) inf. n. هَجْرٌ: (L, TA:) and in like manner, he talked much of that which was not fit, suitable, meet, or proper. (S.) b2: اهجر بِهِ He mocked, or scoffed, or laughed at him, derided him, or ridiculed him, and said respecting him what was foul, evil, bad, abominable, or unseemly. (Msb, K.) A3: See also 2, in two places.5 تهجّر He affected to be like the مُهَاجِرُون [or emigrants from the territory of the unbelievers to that of the believers]. (A'Obeyd, S, A, K.) Hence the trad., وَلَا تَهَجَّرُوا ↓ هَاجِرُوا, (A'Obeyd, S, A,) i. e., Perform ye the هِجْرَة with sincerity towards God, and affect not to be like those who do so without your being really such as do so: said by 'Omar. (A'Obeyd, TA.) A2: See also 2.6 تهاجروا [They cut one another off from friendly or loving communion or intercourse; or they cut, or ceased to speak to, one another: they forsook, or abandoned, one another: as also ↓ اهتجروا] (A.) You say also هُمَا يَتَهَاجَرَانِ, and ↓ يَهْتَجِرَانِ, i. e., يَتَقَاطِعَانِ [They two cut each other off &c.]: (K:) تَهَاجُرٌ is syn. with تَقَاطُعُ. (S.) 8 إِهْتَجَرَ see 3 and 6; the latter in two places. b2: [He journeyed in the time of the حَاجِرَة: see 8 in art. عشو.]

هَجْرٌ: see هُجْرٌ: A2: and see also هَاجِرَةٌ.

هُجْرٌ, a subst. from أَهْجَرَ; (S, Mgh;) or from its syn. هَجَرَ; (Msb;) Foul, evil, bad, abominable, or unseemly, language, or talk; (As, Ks, T, S, A, Mgh, Msb, K;) as also ↓ هَجْرَآءُ; (Sgh, K;) and ↓ هَاجِرَةٌ; of which last the pl. is هَوَاجِرُ, incorrectly said by IJ to be an irreg. pl. of هُجْرٌ; or ↓ هَاجِرَةٌ may be an inf. n., like كَاذِبَةٌ &c. (IB.) You say, قَالَ هُجْرًا وَبُجْرًا, and ↓ هَجْرًا وَبَجْرًا, [He said] a foul [and a wonderful] thing: ↓ هَجْرٌ is an inf. n., and هُجْرٌ is a simple subst. (L, TA.) And ↓ رَمَاهُ بِالْهَاجِرَاتِ He assailed him with foul words: هاجرات being a word of the same class as لَابِنْ and تَامِرٌ. (A, Msb.) and ↓ رَمَاهُ بِهَاجِرَاتٍ, and ↓ بِمُهْجِرَاتٍ, (S, K,) or بِالْهَاجِرَاتِ, (A,) and بِالْمُهْجِرَاتِ, (A, Msb,) He accused him of evil things that exposed him to disgrace: (S, K:) or of foul, or evil, actions. (A, Msb.) And ↓ تَكَلَّمَ بِالْمَهَاجِرِ (in the CK بالمُهاجِرِ) He spoke foul, or evil, language. (L, K.) هِجِرٌّ: see هِجْرَةٌ.

هُجْرَةٌ: see هِجْرَةٌ.

هِجْرَةٌ, a subst. from هَجَرَهُ, (S, K,) as also ↓ هِجْرَانٌ, (Msb,) signifying The cutting another off from friendly or loving communion or intercourse: (S:) cutting one; or ceasing to speak to him: (K:) forsaking, abandoning, deserting, or shunning or avoiding, one. (Msb.) It is said in a trad., لَا هِجْرَةَ بَعْدَ ثَلَاثٍ [There shall be no cutting off from friendly communion after three nights with their days,]: the meaning is, هَجْرٌ as contr. of وَصْلٌ; i. e., such anger as exists between Muslims, or a failing, or falling short, with respect to the duties of society, exclusively of what relates to religion: but the هِجْرَة of those who follow their own natural desires [in matters of religion], and of innovators [in religion], should continue even as long as they do not repent, and return to the truth. (TA.) b2: [Also, A mode, or manner, of cutting another off from friendly or loving communion or intercourse: &c. See 1, where an ex. occurs.] b3: Also, A removal from the desert to the towns or villages: this was its [primary] acceptation with the Arabs: and the forsaking of his country, or district, or the like, by an inhabitant of the desert, or by an inhabitant of a town, or village, or cultivated district, and taking up his abode in another country or district, or the like, an emigration; (TA;) the forsaking of one's home and removing to another place; (Mgh;) the forsaking of a country, or district, or the like, and removing to another; (Msb;) the going forth from one land to another; as also ↓ هُجْرَةٌ. (K:) [and an emigration from the territory of the unbelievers to the territory of the believers, or to any place of safety or refuge on account of religious persecution &c.: see 3, last signification:] a subst. from هَاجَرَ. (Msb, TA.) b4: [الهِجْرَةٌ, peculiarly, The emigration, or flight, (for it was really a flight,) of Mohammad, from Mekkeh to Yethrib, which latter was afterwards called El-Medeeneh. Hence, تَأْرِيخُ الهِجْرَةِ The era of the Hijreh, or Flight. The epoch of this era is not the date of the Flight itself, as some have imagined, (for this took place on an uncertain day, most probably the first or second, of the third lunar month of the Arabian year,) but is the first day of the Arabian year in which the Flight happened: and as I believe that all European writers who have attempted to fix it, prior to M. Caussin de Perceval, have erred respecting it, the true date, as shown by him, (see his “ Essai sur l'Histoire des Arabes,” &c., in the places referred to in the index to that work,) I think it important here to mention. The first year of the Flight was the two hundred and eleventh year of a period during which the Arabs made use of a defective luni-solar reckoning, making every third year to consist of thirteen lunar months; the others consisting of twelve such months. This mode of reckoning was abolished by Mohammad in the twelfth month of the tenth year of the Flight, at the time of the pilgrimage; whence it appears that the first year of the Flight commenced, most probably, on Monday, the nineteenth of April, A. D. 622; or perhaps on the eighteenth; for the actual appearance of the new moon properly marked its commencement, and, as the new moon happened about sunset on the sixteenth, it may perhaps have been seen on the eve of the eighteenth. According to M. Caussin de Perceval, the first ten years of the Flight commenced at the following periods.

1st.[Mon.]Apr. 19, 622 2nd.[Sat.]May 7, 623 3rd.[Th.]Apr. 26, 624 4th.[Mon.]Apr. 15, 625 5th.[Sat.]May. 3, 626 6th.[Th.]Apr. 23, 627 7th.[Tu.]Apr. 12, 628 8th.[Mon.]May. 1, 629 9th.[Fri.]Apr. 20, 630 10th.[Tu.]Apr. 9, 631 Thus it appears that the first and fourth and seventh years were of thirteen lunar months each; and the seventh was the last year that was thus augmented: therefore, with the eighth year commenced the reckoning by common lunar years; and from this point we may use the tables which have often been published for finding the periods of commencement of years of the Flight. We must not, however, rely upon the exact accuracy of these tables: for the commencement of the month was generally determined by actual observation of the new moon; not by calculation; and we often find that a year was commenced, according as the place of observation was low or high, or to the east or west of the place to which the calculation is adapted, or according as the sky was obscure or clear, a day later or earlier than that which is indicated in the tables; and in some cases, even two days later. The twelfth day of the third month of the first year of the Flight, the day of Mohammad's arrival at Kubà, was Monday: therefore the first day of the year was most probably the nineteenth of April, as two months of thirty days each, or twenty-nine days each, seldom occur together. But the tenth day of the first month of the sixty-first year, the day on which El-Hoseyn was slain at Kerbelà, was Friday: therefore the first day of that year, at that place, must have been Wednesday, the third of October, A. D. 680; not the first of October, as in most of the published tables above mentioned. (For the principal divisions of the Arabian year when the luni-solar reckoning was instituted, see زَمَنٌ)]. الهِجْرَتَانِ means [The two emigrations, or flights; namely,] the هِجْرَة to Abyssinia and the هِجْرَة to El-Medeeneh. (S, K.) And ذُو الهِجْرَتَيْنِ He (of the صَحَابَة [or Companions of Mohammad] TA) who emigrated, or who has emigrated, to Abyssinia and to El-Medeeneh. (K.) هَجْرَآءُ: see هُجْرٌ.

هِجْرَانٌ: see هِجْرَةٌ.

هِجْرِيَّا: see هِجِّيرٌ.

هَجِيرٌ Left; forsaken; relinquished; abandoned; deserted; quitted: abstained from: neglected: shunned or avoided. (TA.) A2: See also هَاجِرَةٌ, in three places.

هَجِيرَةٌ: see هَاجِرَةٌ.

هِجِّيرٌ Custom; manner; habit; wont: state; condition; case; syn. دَأْبٌ, (T, S, A, K,) and عَادَةٌ, (S, TA,) and دَيْدَنٌ, (TA,) and شَأْنٌ: (T, A, K:) and the speech, or language, of a man; [or what one is accustomed to say;] syn. كَلَامٌ: (T, TA:) as also ↓ هِجِّيرَى, (T, S, A, K,) and ↓ إِهْجِيرَى, (S, K,) and ↓ إِهْجِيرَآءُ, and ↓ أُهْجُورَةٌ, and ↓ هِجْرِيَّا, (K,) and إِجْرِيَّا, and إِجْرِيَّآءُ. (S.) You say, مَا زَالَ ذٰلِكَ هِجِّيرَهُ, (A, K, * TA [in the CK, هٰذَا هِجِّيرَتُهُ,]) and هِجِّيرَاهُ, (S, A, K,) and إِهْجِيرَاهُ, &c., (K,) That ceased not to be his custom, &c. (S, A, K. *) And ↓ مَا لَهُ هِجِّيرَى

غَيْرُهَا He has no custom, &c., other than it. (TA, from a trad.) هِجِّيرَى: see هِجِّيرٌ.

هَاجِرٌ, act. part. n. of 1, q. v. b2: Talking nonsense; talking foolishly or deliriously. (S, TA.) See 1, last signification but one.

هَاجِرَةٌ: see هُجْرٌ, in four places.

A2: الهَاجِرَةُ, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) and ↓ هَجِيرٌ, (S, Msb, K,) and ↓ هَجِيرَةٌ, (A, K,) and ↓ هَجْرٌ, (S, K,) Midday when the heat is vehement: (S:) or midday in summer, or in the hot season: (Mgh, Msb:) or the period from a little before noon to a little after noon in summer, or in the hot season, only: (En-Nadr, ISk:) or from the time when the sun declines from the meridian: (Aboo-Sa'eed:) or midday, when the sun declines from the meridian, at the ظُهْر: or from its declining until the عَصْر: because people [then] shelter themselves in their tents or houses; as though they forsook one another (تَهَاجَرُوا): (K:) or the vehemence of the heat (K, TA) therein: (TA:) and الهُوَيْجِرَةُ [dim. of الهاجرة] the period a little after the هَاجِرَة: (EsSukkaree:) [pl. of the first, هَوَاجِرُ.] You say, طَبَخَتْهُ الهَوَاجِرُ [The vehement midday heats affected him with a hot, or burning, fever]. (A.) And ↓ صَلَاةُ الهَجِيرِ The prayer of noon; as also الهَجِيرُ, elliptically. (TA.) See also ظَهِيرَةٌ.

أُهْجُورَةٌ: see هِجِّيرٌ.

إِهْجِيرَى: see هِجِّيرٌ.

إِهجِيرَآءُ: see هِجِّيرٌ.

أَتَيْنَا أَهْلَنَا مُهْجِرِينَ We came to our family in the time of the هَاجِرَة. (S.) b2: مُهْجِرَاتٌ and مَهَاجِرُ: see هُجْرٌ.

هَلْ مُهَجِّرٌ كَمَنْ قَالَ Is one who journeys in the هَاجِرَة like him who stays during the time of midday? (TA, from a trad.) مَهْجُورٌ Cut off from friendly or loving communion or intercourse; forsaken, or abandoned: cut, or not spoken to. (Mgh, Msb.) In like manner مَهْجُورًا is used in the Kur, [xxv. 32,] signifying avoided, or forsaken, with the tongue, or with the heart or mind. (B.) [But see what here follows.]

A2: Talk, or language, uttered irrationally or foolishly or deliriously. It is related by Aboo-'Obeyd, on the authority of Ibráheem, that the words of the Kur, إِنَّ قَوْمِى اتَّخَذُوا هٰذَا الْقُرْآنَ مَهْجُورًا, [xxv. 32,] mean, Verily my people have made this Kur-án a thing of which they have said what is not true: because the sick man, when he talks irrationally or foolishly or deliriously, says what is not true: and the like is related on the authority of Mujáhid. (S.) مُهَاجَرٌ A place to which one emigrates. (Msb.) مُهَاجِرٌ Any one, whether an inhabitant of the desert [as in the primary acceptation of the epithet] or an inhabitant of a town or village or cultivated district, who emigrates; or who forsakes his country or district or the like, and takes up his abode in another country or district or the like. Hence المُهَاجِرُونَ applied to The emigrants to El-Medeeneh: because they forsook their places of abode in which they were reared, for the sake of God, and attached themselves to an abode in which they had neither family nor property, when they emigrated to El-Medeeneh. (TA.)

هدر

1 هَدَرَ, aor. ـِ (S, A, Msb, K) and هَدُرَ, (Msb, K,) inf. n. هَدْرٌ (S, Msb, K) and هَدَرٌ, (K,) or the latter is a simple subst., (Msb,) It (a man's blood, S, A, Msb, K, or another thing, K) went for nothing; [meaning, in the case of blood, unretaliated, and uncompensated by a mulet; as shown below, voce هَدَرٌ;] it was, or became, of no account, null, or void; (S, A, Msb, K;) as also ↓ اهدر. (Msb.) A2: هَدَرَهُ, (A, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (Msb,) He (a man, Msb, K, or the Sultán, S, A,) made it (a man's blood) to go for nothing; [meaning, unretaliated, and uncompensated by a mulct;] he made it to be of no account; (A, Msb, K;) as also ↓ اهدرهُ; (S, A, Msb, K;) which means he made it (a man's blood) allowable to be taken, or shed. (S, TA.) Thus these two verbs are trans. as well as intrans. (Msb.) It is said in a trad, مَنِ اطَّلَعَ فِى دَارٍ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنٍ فَقَدْ هُدِرَتْ عَيْنُهُ [Whoso looketh into a house without permission, his eye shall be allowed to be put out; or] the putting out of his eye shall go for nothing, unretaliated, and uncompensated by a mulct. (TA.) One says also, هَدَرْتَنِى بِإِسْقَاطِ الحَدِّ عَنِّى

[Thou hast made me (meaning my offence) to pass unnoticed, or host taken no account of me, by annulling in respect of me the prescribed castigation]. (K, art. بهرج.) And El-'Ajjáj says, وَهَدَرَ الجَدَّ مِنَ النَّاسِ الهَذَرْ which El-Báhilee explains as meaning, And the worthless people have made good fortune to become of no account. (TA.) A3: هَذَرَ, (S, K,) aor. ـِ (K) [and app. هَدُرَ also], inf. n. هَدِيرٌ (S, K) and هَدْرٌ (K) and هُدُورٌ, (TA,) said of a camel, (S, K,) that is advanced in age, (S, in art. نقض,) [He brayed; i. e.,] he reiterated his voice in his حَنْجَرَة [or windpipe, or the head of his windpipe]: (S:) or he uttered his voice, not in a شِقْشِقَة [q. v.]: (K:) and ↓ هدّر, (S, K,) inf. n. تَهْدِيرٌ, (S,) signifies the same: (S, K:) Z mentions also تَهْدَارٌ as an inf. n. of هَدَرَ said of a stallion, [meaning a stallioncamel.] (TA.) b2: Hence the saying, (TA,) هُوَ يَهْدِرُ فِى مَنْطِقِهِ, and فِى خُطْبَتِهِ, (tropical:) [He is sonorous and fluent in his speech, and in his oration:] and هَدَرَتْ شِقْشِقَتُهُ (tropical:) [His utterance was sonorous and fluent.] (A, TA.) b3: هَدَرَ is also said of a calf, [signifying, (assumed tropical:) He lowed] (TA, art. كت, from the Nh.) b4: Also, of a lion, [signifying, (assumed tropical:) He roared.] (S, TA, voce قَبْقَبَ.) b5: Also هَدَرَ, (S, A, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (Msb, K) and هَدُرَ, (Msb,) inf. n. هَدِيرٌ (S, IKtt, Msb, TA) and هَدْرٌ and تَهْدَارٌ, (K,) said of a pigeon (tropical:) It uttered a cry: (S, K:) or cooed, syn. قَرْقَرَ, (A,) or سَجَعَ, (Msb,) and reiterated its voice, or cry, in its حَنْجَرَة [or windpipe, or the head of its windpipe]: (A:) its cry being apparently likened to the هَدِير of the camel: and هَدَلَ signifies the same. (TA.) b6: Also هَدَرَ said of a boy, (As.) when he desires to speak, being young, or little, (Abu-s-Semeyda',) (assumed tropical:) He uttered a sound, or cry; as also هَدَلَ. (As, TA.) b7: It is also said of thunder; inf. n. هَدِيرٌ; signifying (tropical:) It made a [loud, or rumbling,] sound, or noise, (A.) b8: You say also, of شَرَاب [or wine], هَذَرَ, (S, K,) aor. ـِ inf. n. هَدْرٌ and تَهْدَارٌ, (S, TA,) meaning, (assumed tropical:) It fermented; syn. غَلَى. (S, K.) And هَدَرَتْ جَرَّةٌ النَّبِيذِ, (TA,) aor. ـِ (A, TA,) inf. n. هَدِيرٌ and تَهْدَارٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) [The jar of نبيذ fermented.] El-Akhtal says, describing wine, كُمَّتْ ثَلَاثَةَ أَحْوَالٍ بِطِينَتِهَا حَتَّى إِذَا صَرَّحَتْ مِنْ بِعْدِ تَهْدَارِ [It was stopped three years with its lump of clay, until, when it became free from froth, after fermenting]. (S, TA.) 2 هدّر, said of a camel: see 1.4 اهدر: see هَدَرَ.

A2: اهدرهُ: see هَدَرَهُ.6 تهادروا They made one another's blood to go for nothing; [meaning, unretaliated, and uncompensated by a mulct;] they made it to be of no account. (K, TA.) هَدْرٌ: see هَدَرٌ: A2: and see also هَادِرٌ.

هِدْرٌ: see هَادِرٌ.

هَدْرٌ, a subst. from هَدَرَ in the first of the senses explained above. (Msb.) You say, ذَهَبَ دَمُهُ هَدَرًا, (S, A, Msb,) and هَدْرًا, (S, Msb,) His blood went for nothing, or as a thing of no account, (S, A, Msb,) unretaliated, (S, Msb,) and uncompensated by a mulct. (S, TA.) b2: Also, applied to blood, &c., A thing that goes for nothing; [meaning, in the case of blood, unretaliated, and uncompensated by a mulct;] what is of no account, ineffectual, null, or void; (A, K;) [as also جُبَارٌ.] You say, دِمَاؤُهُمْ هَدَرٌ بَيْنَهُمْ Their blood (lit, bloods) is made to go for nothing, or to be of no account, among them; (K, * TA:) is allowed to be taken, or shed. (TA.) b3: See also هَادِرٌ.

هُدَرَةٌ: see هَادِرٌ; the former, in two places.

هِدَرَةٌ: see هَادِرٌ; the former, in two places.

جَرَّةٌ هَدُورٌ (tropical:) [A jar of wine or نَبِيذ fermenting much]. (TA.) فَحْلٌ هَدَّارٌ [A stallion- camel that brays much]. (TA.) See also هَادِرٌ. b2: رَعْدٌ هَدَّارٌ (tropical:) [Loud, or rumbling, thunder]. (A.) هَادِرٌ, applied to a man, (tropical:) Low; ignoble; mean; of no account; worthless; (K;) as also ↓ هَدْرٌ, (Kr, K,) and ↓ هُدَرَةٌ; (S, K;) which last is also applied to a woman: (K, TA: [in the former of which it seems to be implied that هَدَرَةٌ and ↓ هِدَرَةٌ are also applied, each, to a man and to a woman; but it appears from what is said in the TA that this is not the case:]) pl. هَدَرَةٌ and هُدَرَةٌ and هِدَرَةٌ; the first of which is the most agreeable with analogy, like كَفَرَةٌ, pl. of كَافِرٌ; the second being of a measure exclusively belonging to words which are unsound [in the last radical letter], as in the instances of غُزَاةٌ and قُضَاةٌ, [originally غُزَوَةٌ and قُضَيَةٌ, pls. of غَازٍ and قَاضٍ,] unless, indeed, it be a quasi-pl. n.; and some disapprove it, finding fault with IAar who relates it: the third, moreover, is not a pl. of a form, [regularly] belonging to a sing. of the measure فَاعِلٌ, whether sound or unsound: (ISd, TA:) [or, accord. to Sb, it is a quasi-pl. n.:] or it is pl. of ↓ هِدْرٌ. (TA,) which signifies a heavy man, (K, TA,) in whom is no good; analogous with قِرَدَةٌ, pl. of قِرْدٌ. (TA:) and ↓ هَدَرٌ [a quasi-pl. n. of هَادِرٌ, like as خَدَمٌ is of خَادِمٌ,] signifies low, ignoble, or mean, people, in whom is no good. (TA.) You say, هُمْ هَدَرَةٌ, (S, A, K,) and هِدَرَةٌ, (IAar, TS, K,) and هُدَرَةٌ, (IAar, ISd, K,) (tropical:) They are low, ignoble, or mean, people; of no account, or worthless. (IAar, S, A, * K, &c.) A2: [A braying camel: fem. with ة pl. of the latter, هَوَادِرُ. You say,] إِبِلٌ هَوَادِرٌ [Braying camels;] camels reiterating their voices in their حَنَاجِر. (S.) See also مُهَدِّرٌ, and مُبَحْثِرٌ. and هَدَّارٌ. b2: [Hence the saying,] فُلَانٌ فُحْلٌ هَادِرٌ (tropical:) [app. Such a one is a vigorous orator of sonorous and fluent speech]. (A.) كَالْمُهَدِّرِ فِى العُنَّةِ [Like the brayer in the enclosure of wood, or canes, or trees]: a proverb: applied to a man who raises a cry and clamour which is followed by nothing, (S, A, *) or who raises a cry and clamour and does not make his saying or action to have effect: (A, K) like the camel that is confined in the enclosure of wood or canes or trees, prevented from covering, and brays. (S, K.)

فرع

1 فَرَعَ [He, or it, overtopped, or surpassed in height or tallness: this seems to be the primary signification]. It is said in a trad., يَكَادُ يَفْرَعُ النَّاسَ طُولًا (O, TA) He is, or was, near to overtopping the people, or surpassing them in tallness. (TA.) And one says, فَرَعَ فِى قَوْمِهِ i. e. طَالَ [app. meaning He surpassed in tallness among his people or party]; as also ↓ افرع. (TA.) And فَرَعَ القَوْمَ, (K,) or فَرَعْتُ قَوْمِى, (S, O,) inf. n. فَرْعٌ and فُرُوعٌ, (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, superior to the people or party, (K,) or I was, or became, superior to my people or party, (S, O,) in eminence, or nobility, or in beauty, or goodliness. (S, O, K.) And فَرَعَ صَاحِبَهُ (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, superior to his companion; he excelled him. (IAar, TA in art. برع.) [See also 5.] b2: And فَرَعَ, (O, K,) aor. ـَ (K,) inf. n. فَرْعٌ (TK [as is indicated in the K, and, in the former of the two senses here following, فُرُوعٌ also, said in the TA to be syn. with صُعُودٌ]), (tropical:) He (a man, O) ascended: and also he descended: thus having two contr. significations: (O, K, TA:) or, accord. to IAar, it has the former meaning, and ↓ افرع has the latter meaning: (TA: [but see what follows:]) you say, فَرَعْتُ الجَبَلَ (S, TA) and فِى الجَبَلِ, (TA,) I ascended the mountain; (S, TA;) as also ↓ فَرَّعْتُهُ, (S, O, * K, *) inf. n. تَفْرِيعٌ: (S, O, K:) and فِى الجَبَلِ ↓ فَرَّعْتُ I descended the mountain; as also فِيهِ ↓ أَفْرَعْتُ: (S, O, K:) or, as IB says, on the authority of A 'Obeyd, فِى الجَبَلِ ↓ افرع means he ascended the mountain: and مِنْهُ ↓ افرع he descended it. (TA.) b3: And فَرَعْتُ رَأْسَهُ بِالعَصَا, (S, O, K, * TA, *) inf. n. فَرْعٌ; (O, TA;) as also قَرَعْتُهُ, (S, O,) inf. n. قَرْعٌ; (O;) (tropical:) I smote his head, [or assailed it, smiting,] syn. عَلَوْتُهُ (S, O, K, * TA) بِهَا (K, TA) ضَرْبًا, (TA,) [with the staff, or stick], and بِالسَّيْفِ [with the sword]. (TA.) b4: فَرَعْتُ فَرَسِى بِاللِّجَامِ, (S, O, K, *) aor. ـَ inf. n. فَرْعٌ, (S, O,) (assumed tropical:) I pulled in my horse by the bridle and bit, to stop him. (S, O, K.) b5: فَرَعْتُ بَيْنَهُمَا, (S, O,) or بَيْنَهُمْ, (K, TA,) aor. ـَ inf. n. فَرْعٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) I interposed, or intervened as a barrier, (S, O, K, TA,) between them two, (S, O, TA,) or between them, (K, TA,) and restrained (S, O, K, TA) them two, (S, O, TA,) or them, and made peace, or effected a reconciliation, between them: (K, TA:) and ↓ فرّع بَيْنَ القَوْمِ, inf. n. تَفْرِيعٌ, (assumed tropical:) He made a separation, and interposed, or intervened as a barrier, between the people, or party: and hence the saying in a trad., بَيْنَ الغَنَمِ ↓ كَانَ يُفَرِّعُ i. e. He was making a separation between the sheep, or goats: IAth says that Hr has mentioned it as with ق; but, he adds, Aboo-Moosà says, it is one of his mistakes. (TA.) A2: هٰذَا أَوَّلُ صَيْدٍ فَرَعَهُ meansThis is the first object of the chase of which he shed, or has shed, the blood. (TA. [See also 4.]) b2: See also 8.

A3: فَرَعَ الأَرْضَ: see 4.

A4: فَرِعَ, [aor. ـَ (TA,) inf. n. فَرَعٌ, (S, O, K, TA,) He (a man) was, or became, abundant, (TA,) or free from deficiency, (S, O, K,) in respect of the hair [of the head]. (S, O, K, TA.) [See أَفْرَعُ.]2 فَرَّعَ see 1, near the middle, in two places.

A2: فَرَّعْتُ مِنْ هٰذَا الأَصْلِ مَسَائِلَ, (Msb, K, but in the latter فَرَّعَ,) inf. n. تَفْرِيعٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) I derived, or deduced, questions, or problems, or propositions, from this fundamental axiom or principle; (Msb;) or made questions to be the فُرُوع [i. e. the branches, meaning derivatives,] of this fundamental axiom or principle: (K, TA:) a tropical phrase. (TA.) A3: See again 1, latter half, in two places.

A4: And see also 4, former half, in three places.3 فارع الرَّجُلَ He sufficed the man; and bore, or took upon himself, a responsibility for him. (TA.) 4 أَفْرَعَ see 1, in five places. b2: You say افرع بِهِم meaning He alighted at their abode [as a guest]; syn. نَزَلَ. (K.) And أَفْرَعْنَا بِفُلَانٍ فَمَا أَحْمَدْنَاهُ i. e. نَزَلْنَا بِهِ [We alighted as guests at the abode of such a one, and we did not find him to be such as should be commended]. (S, O.) b3: And افرع فى لومه [app. فِى لُؤْمِهِ] i. e. اِنْحَدَرَ [as though meaning (tropical:) He lowered himself in his meanness, or sordidness; but I suspect it to be a mistranscription]; a tropical phrase. (TA.) A2: افرع الأَرْضَ He went round, or about, or round about, (S, O, K, TA,) or did so much, (S, O, TA,) in the land, (S, O, K, TA,) as also ↓ فَرَعَهَا, and ↓ فرّعها, (TA,) and consequently knew its state, or case, or circumstances. (S, O, K, TA.) A3: افرعت الإِبِلُ The camels brought forth the [firstlings, or] first offspring (الفَرَعَ). (O, K.) b2: And أَفْرَعُوا, (O,) or القَوْمُ افرع, (K,) They, (O,) or the people, or party, (K,) were, or became, persons whose camels had brought forth the first offspring. (O, K.) b3: And افرع القَوْمُ The people, or party, sacrificed the فَرَع [or firstling of a camel, or of a sheep or goat]: (S, Msb:) or افرع الفَرَعَةَ he sacrificed the فَرَعَة, (O, K,) which signifies the same as the فَرَع; (Mgh, Msb;) and so الفَرَعَةَ ↓ استفرع; (O;) or [simply] ↓ استفرع; (K;) and افرع [alone]; (O;) and ↓ فرّع, (O, K,) inf. n. تَفْرِيعٌ; (K;) he sacrificed the فَرَعَ; (O, K;) whence the trad., ↓ فَرِّعُوا

إِنْ شَئْتُمْ وَلٰكِنْ لَا تَذْبَحُوا غَرَاةً حَتَّى يَكْبَرَ i. e. Slaughter ye the firstling [of a camel, or of a sheep or goat], but slaughter not one that is little, whose flesh is like glue, [until it be full-grown.] (O, TA. *) b4: And [hence, perhaps,] أَفْرَعْتُهُ I made him to bleed. (Msb.) And أَفْرَعَتِ الضَّبُعُ الغَنَمَ, (O, K, TA,) so says Ibn-'Abbád, (O, TA,) or فِى الغَنَمِ, so in the L, (TA,) The hyena, or female hyena, injured, and made to bleed, (O, K, TA,) or killed, and injured, (L, TA,) the sheep or goats. (O, L, K, TA.) And افرع اللِّجَامُ الفَرَسَ The bit made the mouth of the horse to bleed. (O, K. [See also 1, near the end.]) and افرع المَرْأَةَ, said of menstruating, It made the woman to bleed. (TA.) And [hence, app.,] افرع العَرُوسَ He accomplished his want in respect of the compressing of the bride. (AA, O, K. * [See also 8.]) b5: And افرعت She (a woman) saw blood on the occasion of childbirth: (O, K:) or, as some say, before childbirth: (A'Obeyd, TA:) or at the first of her menstruating: (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K:) or she menstruated: (A'Obeyd, L, TA:) or she (a woman, or a beast,) first saw blood when taken with the pains of parturition, or near to bringing forth: and افرع لَهَا الدَّمُ the blood appeared to her. (L, TA.) A4: And افرع He began, or commenced, discourse, or a narration; (K;) and so ↓ استفرع; (Sh, O, K, TA;) and ↓ افترع: (Sh, TA:) and likewise, as also ↓ استفرع, a thing. (K.) One says, بِئْسَ مَا أَفْرَعْتَ بِهِ Very evil is that with which thou hast begun, or commenced: (S, O:) and نِعْمَ مَا أَفْرَعْتَ [or أَفْرَعْتَ بِهِ] Very good is that which [or with which] thou hast begun. (Msb.) And افرع سَفَرَهُ, and حَاجَتَهُ, He began, commenced, or entered upon, his journey, and his needful affair. (TA.) And افرعوا مِنْ سَفَرِهِمْ They came, or arrived, from their journey when it was not the proper time for their coming. (TA.) b2: And افرعوا They sought after herbage in its place (اِنْتَجَعُوا) among the first, or foremost, of the people. (S, O, K.) A5: افرع أَهْلَهُ, thus in all the copies of the K, expl. as meaning كَفَلَهُمْ, and likewise in the O, is a mistranscription by Sgh, whom the author of the K has here followed: it is correctly, افرع الَوادِى أَهْلَهُ i. e. The valley sufficed its people; syn. كَفَاهُمْ. (TA.) A6: أُفْرِعَ بِسَيِّدِ بَنِى فُلَانٍ, (O, K,) with damm, (K,) means The chief of the sons of such a one was taken (O, K, TA) and slain. (TA.) 5 تفرّعت أَغْصَانُ الشَّجَرِ The branches of the trees became abundant. (S, O, K. *) b2: and [hence,] تفرّع الوَادِى (assumed tropical:) [The valley branched forth]. (TA.) b3: [See also an ex. in a verse cited voce فَظِيعٌ.] b4: تَفَرَّعَتْ مِنْ هٰذَا الأَصْلِ مَسَائِلُ (O, Msb, K, TA) (tropical:) Questions, or problems, or propositions, were derived, or deduced, from this fundamental axiom or principle; (Msb;) or were made to be the فُرُوع [i. e. the branches, meaning derivatives,] thereof; (K, TA;) [they ramified therefrom;] is a tropical phrase. (TA.) A2: تَفَرَّعَهُمْ (tropical:) He set upon them (O, K, TA) with reviling and the like; as in the A and L: (TA:) and he was, or became, superior to them, (O, K, TA,) in eminence, or nobility; and excelled them: (TA: [see also 1:]) or it signifies, (S, K, TA,) or signifies also, (O,) (tropical:) he married, or took to wife, the chief of their women, (S, O, K, TA,) and the highest of them: (TA:) and تَفَرَّعْتُ بِبَنِى فُلَانٍ (tropical:) I married among the noble and high of the sons of such a one; like تَذَرَّيْتُهُمْ and تَنَصَّيْتُهُمْ. (TA.) 8 افترع: see 4, latter half. b2: Hence, (TA,) He devirginated a maid; (S, O, Msb, K, TA;) as also ↓ فَرَعَهَا. (K.) b3: And hence, افترع قَصِيدَةَ كَذَا (tropical:) [He broached such an ode], and مَعَانِىَ كَذَا [such meanings]: (Har p. 61:) and يَفْتَرِعُ أَبْكَارَ المَعَانِى (tropical:) [He broaches virgin meanings]. (TA, and Har ubi suprà.) 10 إِسْتَفْرَعَ see 4, former half, in two places: A2: and the same again, latter half, in two places.

فَرْعٌ The upper, or uppermost, part of anything; (S, O, Msb, K;) the فَرْع being what branches forth (يَتَفَرَّعُ) from the lower, or lowest, part thereof: (Msb:) pl. فُرُوعٌ only. (TA.) It is said in a trad. أَىُّ الشَّجَرِ أَبْعَدُ مِنَ الخَارِفِ قَالُوا فَرْعُهَا قَالَ وَكَذٰلِكَ الصَّفُّ الأَوَّلُ [What part of trees is furthest from the plucker of the fruit? they said, The uppermost part thereof; he said, And such like is the first row of the persons worshipping in the mosque]. (TA.) Thus فَرْعُ الأُذُنِ signifies The upper, or uppermost, part of the ear; (K, * MF, TA;) pl. as above. (TA.) And فُرُوعُ المُقْلَتَيْنِ The upper, or uppermost, parts of the two eyeballs. (TA.) b2: [Hence,] A branch of a tree or plant: (KL, TA:) or the head of a branch: or a great branch: and a branch of anything. (MA.) b3: [And hence, (assumed tropical:) A branch, or subdivision, or derivative, of anything that is regarded as a fundamental or a whole;] a thing that is built, or founded, upon another thing; opposed to أَصْلٌ: (K, TA:) [the pl. فُرُوعٌ, as opposed to أُصُولٌ meaning “ fundamentals,” signifies, in the conventional language of the lawyers and the men of science in general, the derivative institutes of the law, &c.: see 2:] عِلْمُ الفُرُوعِ [the science of the derivative institutes of the law] is what is commonly known by the appellation of عِلْمُ الفِقْهِ [the science of jurisprudence; because it is mainly concerned with institutes derived from fundamentals]. (Hájjee Khaleefeh.) b4: And (tropical:) The hair of a woman: pl. as above [app. used in a collective sense like the French “ cheveux ”]: (K, TA:) one says اِمْرَأَةٌ طَوِيلَةُ الفُرُوعِ [meaning (tropical:) A long-haired woman]. (TA.) And (K) (tropical:) Full [or abundant] hair. (S, O, K, TA.) b5: And (tropical:) The noble, or man of eminence, of a people or party: (S, O, K, TA:) pl. as above: (TA:) one says, هُوَ فَرْعُ قَوْمِهِ (tropical:) He is the noble, or man of eminence, of his people or party, (S, O, TA, *) and مِنْ فُرُوعِهِم of their nobles, &c. (TA.) b6: And [app. from the same word as signifying “ a branch of a tree,”] (assumed tropical:) A valley branching off. (TA.) And (assumed tropical:) A channel in which water runs to the شِعْب (K, TA) i. e. the وَادِى [here meaning the water-course in a low tract or between the two acclivities of two mountains]: (TA:) [but] in this sense its pl. is فِرَاعٌ. (K, TA.) A2: Also [or قَوْسٌ فَرْعٌ] A bow that is made from the extreme portion of a branch, (As, S, O, K, TA,) from the head thereof: (As, TA:) and (K) a bow that is not [made from a branch] divided lengthwise (S, O, K, TA) is called قَوْسٌ فَرْعٌ; (S, O, TA;) such as is [made from a branch] divided lengthwise being called قَوْسٌ فِلْقٌ: (S, O:) or the فَرْع is [one] of the best of bows: (AHn, K, TA:) and [this word is used as an epithet, i. e.] one says قَوْسٌ فَرْعٌ and فَرْعَةٌ. (K.) A3: Also, i. e. فَرْعٌ, Property that is beneficial, or serviceable, and made ready, or prepared: (O, K, TA:) or, accord. to the S, it is ↓ فَرَعٌ which has this signification; but this is said by Sgh [app. in the TS], and after him by the author of the K, to be a mistake; and a verse in which it occurs with the ر quiescent is cited in the O and K as an ex. of it in this sense: it may be, however, that the poet has made the ر quiescent of necessity [by poetic license, for the sake of the metre]; or it may here [properly] signify

“ a branch,” and be metonymically used as meaning recent property. (TA.) A4: See also the next paragraph, latter half.

فَرَعٌ The firstling of the camel, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) or of the sheep or goat, (L, K,) which they used to sacrifice to their gods, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) looking for a blessing thereby; (S, O, Msb;) and ↓ فَرَعَةٌ signifies the same: (Mgh, Msb:) hence, (Mgh, O, K,) it is said in a trad., [implying the prohibition of this custom,] لَا فَرَعَ وَلَا عَتِيرَةٌ, (S, O, K, *) or وَلَا عَتِيرَةَ ↓ لَا فَرَعَةَ: (Mgh: [see عَتِيرَةٌ:]) or when the camels amounted to the number for which their owner wished, they sacrificed [a firstling]: (TA:) or when one's camels amounted to a complete hundred, (K, TA,) he sacrificed a he-camel thereof every year, and gave it to the people to eat, neither he nor his family tasting it, or rather, it is said, (TA,) he sacrificed a young, or youthful, he-camel to his idol: and the Muslims used to do it in the first part of ElIslám: then it was abrogated: (K, TA:) accord. to the Bári' and the Mj, the firstling of camels and also that of sheep or goats are thus called: (Msb:) the pl. [of فَرَعٌ] is فُرُعٌ, with two dammehs. (K.) It is said in a prov., أَوَّلُ الصَّيْدِ فَرَعٌ [The first of what are taken by the chase or the like is a فرع] as being likened to a firstling: so says Yezeed Ibn-Murrah. (TA. [See Freytag's Arab. Prov., i. 35.]) b2: The poet Ows Ibn-Hajar, (S, O,) or Bishr Ibn-Abee-Kházim, has used it as meaning The skin of a فَرَع; (S, O; *) suppressing the prefix جِلْد: (S:) for they used to clothe with its skin another young one of a camel, in order that the mother of the one sacrificed might incline to it [and yield her milk]. (O; and the like is said in the TA.) A2: Also, and ↓ فَرْعٌ, Lice: (S, K:) or, as some say, small lice: (TA:) and one thereof is termed ↓ فَرَعَةٌ and ↓ فَرْعَةٌ: (S, K:) or, accord. to some, فرعة signifies a large louse. (TA.) A3: And the former (فَرَعٌ), Food that is prepared [app. for persons invited to partake of it] on the occasion of camels' bringing forth; like as خُرْسٌ signifies such as is on the occasion of a woman's bringing forth. (TA.) b2: And A portion, or share; syn. قِسْمٌ: (O, K, TA:) accord. to some, peculiarly of water. (TA.) b3: See also فَرْعٌ, last quarter.

A4: It is also the inf. n. of فَرِعَ. (TA. [See 1, last sentence.]) فَرْعَةٌ A high, or an elevated, place of a mountain: pl. فِرَاعٌ: so in the saying, اِيْتِ فَرْعَةً مِنْ فِرَاعِ الجَبَلِ فَانْزِلْهَا [Come thou to one of the high places of the mountain and descend it]: (S, TA:) or, as some say, it signifies particularly the head of a mountain. (TA. [See also فَارِعَةٌ.]) b2: and فَرْعَةُ الجُلَّةِ The highest, or uppermost, of the dates of the [receptacle called] جُلَّة [q. v.]. (TA.) b3: And فرعة الطريق [i. e. فَرْعَةُ الطَّرِيقِ] and فرعته [sic, app. ↓ فَرَعَتُهُ,] and ↓ فَرْعَاؤُهُ and ↓ فَارِعَتُهُ all signify The highest part of the road, and the place where it ends: or the conspicuous and elevated part thereof: or ↓ فَارِعَتُهُ signifies the sides, or borders, thereof. (TA. [See also قَارِعَةُ الطَّرِيقِ.]) b4: and one says, أَتَيْتُهُ فِى فَرْعَةٍ مِنَ النَّهَارِ (tropical:) I came to him in a first part of the day. (TA.) A2: See also فَرَعٌ, latter half.

فُرْعَةٌ The blood of the virgin on the occasion of devirgination.

فَرَعَةٌ: see فَرْعَةٌ.

A2: [Also] A piece of skin that is added in the قِرْبَة [or water-skin] when the latter is not full-sized, or complete. (O, K.) A3: See also فَرَعٌ, first quarter, in two places: A4: and the same again, latter half, in one place.

A5: It is also a pl. of فَارِعٌ [q. v.]. (O, K.) فُرُوعُ الجَوْزَآءِ means The most intense degree of heat: (S, O, TA:) [or rather الفُرُوعُ is a name of a certain asterism of الجَوْزَآءُ (which is an appel-lation of Orion and of Gemini, either whereof may be here appropriately meant,) at the season of the auroral rising of which the heat becomes most intense:] Aboo-Khirásh says, وَظَلَّ لَهَا يَوْمٌ كَأَنَّ أُوَارَهُ ذَكَا النَّارِ مِنْ نَجْمِ الفُرُوعِ طَوِيلُ

[And a day continued to them, the heat whereof was as though it were the blazing of fire, from the asterism of the فُرُوعِ; a long day]: (S, * O, TA:) in the S, وَظَلَّ لَنَا; but correctly لَهَا, meaning to the she-asses: (TA:) and Aboo-Sa'eed related it as above with the unpointed ع in الفروع: (S, * TA:) in the same manner, also, it is expl. by him as used in the phrase فَيْحُ نَجْمِ الفُرُوعِ [which I would render the vehement raging of the heat of the asterism of the فروع] in a verse of Umeiyeh Ibn-Abee-'Áïdh: El-Jumahee related it differently, with غ; but the فُرُوغ [or rather the فَرْغَانِ] are of the stars of Aquarius; and the season thereof [i. e. of their auroral rising] is cold; there is then no فيح. (TA.) فُرَيْعٌ, occurring [with tenween, perfectly decl.,] in a verse of Umeiyeh Ibn-Abi-s-Salt, (O, K,) i. q. ↓ فِرْعَوْنُ, (O,) which is a proper name of such as was King of the Amalekites [or rather of the ancient Egyptians, in general], like as قَيْصَر was of the Room [or Greeks of the Lower Empire], and كِسْرَى of the Persians, (Ksh in ii.

46,) [and also] a foreign word, (Msb,) [wherefore it is imperfectly decl., in Hebr.

פַּרְעֹה, i. e. Pharaoh,] a dial. var. of فِرْعَوْنُ, or used by poetic license: (K:) the pl. of the latter is فَرَاعِنَةٌ. (Msb.) فِرْعَوْنُ: see the next preceding paragraph.

فَارِعٌ [Overtopping, or surpassing in height or tallness: this seems to be the primary signification]. You say جَبَلٌ فَارِعٌ A mountain higher, or taller, than what is next to it. (S, O.) b2: and High, or tall; applied to a man, and to an extended gibbous piece of sand. (TA.) b3: and High, or elevated; goodly in form or aspect or appearance; beautiful: (Aboo-'Adnán, O, K:) or [simply] high [app. in rank or dignity]: (IAar, O:) and also low, ignoble, or mean: (IAar, O, K:) thus having two contr. significations. (O, K.) b4: And a man of the Arabs said, ↓ لَقِيتُ فُلَانًا فَارِعًا مُفْرِعًا, meaning [I met such a one] one of us ascending and the other descending. (S, O, TA.) A2: Also sing. of فَرَعَةٌ, which signifies The armed attendants, or guards, of the Sultán, or sovereign: (O, K, TA:) it is like وَازِعٌ. (TA.) فَارِعَةٌ The higher, or highest, part of a mountain [and of a valley]: one says, اِنْزِلْ بِفَارِعَةِ الوَادِى

وَاحْذَرْ أَسْفَلَهُ [Alight thou in the higher, or highest, part of the valley, and beware of its lower, or lowest, part]. (S, O.) See also فَرْعَةٌ, in two places. b2: الفَارِعَةُ مِنَ الغَنَائِمِ means The surplus that is deducted [so I render المُرْتَفِعَةُ الصَّاعِدَةُ, app. such things as cannot be divided and are therefore removed,] from the main stock of the spoils before they are divided into fifths. (TA.) b3: And فَوَارِعٌ, (pl. of فَارِعَةٌ, TA,) applied to تِلَاع, [a word variously explained, here, I think, used as signifying either high, or low, grounds, (see its sing. تَلْعَةٌ,)] (S, O, * K, *) means Of which the channels wherein the torrents flow are in high, or elevated, parts. (S, O, K.) فَيْفَرْعٌ (K, TA) and فَيْفَرَعٌ (TA) A species of trees. (K, TA.) أَفْرَعُ Free from deficiency in the hair [of the head]; (S, O, K;) contr. of أَصْلَعُ; (IDrd, S, O, K;) used only in this sense; not applied to a man who is large in the beard or in the whole head of hair: (IDrd, S, O:) the Prophet was أَفْرَع, (S, O,) and so was Aboo-Bekr, (O, K,) and 'Omar was أَصْلَع: (O:) fem. فَرْعَآءُ; (S, O, K;) accord. to IDrd, applied to a woman as meaning having much hair: (S, O:) pl. فُرْعَانٌ, (O, K,) like its contr. صُلْعَانٌ; (O;) and also فُرْعٌ. (K.) 'Omar, being asked, “Are the صُلْعَان better or the فُرْعَان,” said “ The فرعان are better,” meaning to assert the superior excellence of Aboo-Bekr over himself. (O.) b2: فَرْعَآءُ الطَّرِيقِ: see فَرْعَةٌ.

A2: Also i. q. مُوَسْوِسُ [app. as meaning Such as is subject to diabolical promptings or suggestions]: so in the trad., لَا يَؤُمَّنَّكُمُ الأَفْرَعُ [The افرع shall by no means act as your Imám]. (Nh, K, TA.) مُفْرَعٌ Anything tall. (TA.) b2: مُفْرَعُ الكَتِفِ A man broad in the shoulder-blade: (S, O, TA:) or high therein. (TA.) And كَتِفٌ مُفْرَعَةٌ A shoulder-blade high, projecting, and broad. (TA.) مُفْرِعٌ: see فَارِعٌ, last sentence but one.

مِفْرَعٌ One who interposes as a restrainer between persons [at variance], (O, K, TA,) and makes peace, or effects a reconciliation, between them: (TA:) pl. مَفَارِعُ. (S, O, K.)

شوك

1 شَاكَتْنِى الشَّوْكَةُ, (As, S, O, K, *) aor. ـُ (As, S, O,) inf. n. شَوْكٌ, (TA,) The thorn entered into [or pierced me, or] my body or person. (As, S, O, K. *) And شاكت إِصْبَعَهُ It (a thorn) entered into [or pierced] his finger. (TA.) And شَاكَتْنِى الشَّوْكَةُ, (K,) aor. as above, (TA,) The thorn hurt me, or wounded me; syn. أَصَابَتْنِى. (K, TA.) And شَاكَنِى الشَّوْكُ, aor. ـُ The thorns hurt, or wounded, (أَصَابَ,) my skin. (Msb.) [Hence,] ↓ لَا يَشُوكُكَ مِنِّى شَوْكَةٌ (tropical:) No harm, or hurt, shall ensue to thee from me. (TA.) b2: شُكْتُهُ, aor. ـُ [I pierced him with a thorn;] I made a thorn to enter into his body or person; (S, O, K;) as also ↓ أَشَكْتُهُ, (K,) inf. n. إِشَاكَةٌ: (TA:) the former verb from Ks; (T, S, O;) as though he made it to be doubly trans. [meaning that شَوْكَةً is to be understood]. (Az, TA.) And شَوْكَةً ↓ مَا أَشَاكَهُ [and مَا شَاكَهُ بِشَوْكَةٍ as is meant by its being added] وَلَا شَاكَهُ بِهَا He did not hurt him with a thorn; (K, * TA;) as expl. by IF: (TA:) and ↓ أَشَكْتُهُ I hurt him with thorns: (TA:) or بِالشَّوْكِ ↓ شَوَّكْتُهُ and بِهِ ↓ أَشَكْتُهُ I hurt him, or wounded him, with thorns, or the thorns. (Msb.) b3: Accord. to IAar, (TA,) شاك الشَّوْكَةَ, (K, TA, [in the CK, erroneously, الشَّوْكَةُ,]) aor. ـَ (TA,) signifies خَالَطَهَا [app. meaning He pierced (lit. mixed or blended) himself with the thorn: unless شَوْكَة be improperly used in this instance, by poetic license, as a coll. gen. n., as seems to be implied in the S and O by an explanation of a verse cited-voce نَقَشَ, q. v., in which case the meaning is, he entered among the thorns]. (K, TA.) b4: [It is also said that] شاك الشَّوْكَةَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. شَوْكٌ, signifies He (a man) extracted the thorn from his foot. (MA.) b5: شِيكَ, aor. ـَ inf. n. شَوْكٌ, He (a man) was, or became, pierced by a thorn. (S, O.) b6: شَاكَ, (K,) or [first Pers\.] شِكْتُ, (S, O,) aor. ـَ (K, and the like in the S and O,) inf. n. شَاكَةٌ and شِيكَةٌ, (S, O, K,) He, (K,) or I, (S, O,) fell, or lighted, among thorns: (S, O, K: [whence, accord. to the S and O, the verse above referred to, voce نَقَشَ:]) and شِكْتُ الشَّوْكَ, aor. ـَ I fell, or lighted, among the thorns: (K:) accord. to IB, شِكْتُ, aor. ـَ is originally شَوِكْتُ. (TA.) b7: شاكت الشَّجَرَةُ, aor. ـَ inf. n. شَوْكٌ; and ↓ اشاكت; (Msb;) or ↓ شَوَّكَت, (K, TA,) inf. n. تَشْوِيكٌ; in some of the copies of the K شَوِكَت; (TA; [in the CK, شَوَكَت;]) and ↓ أَشْوَكَت; (K;) The tree was thorny, or prickly; abounded with thorns, or prickles: (Msb, K, TA:) [and] ↓ أَشْوَكَت said of a palm-tree has the like signification. (S, O.) b8: [Hence,] شاك لَحْيَا البَعِيرِ (assumed tropical:) The two jaws of the camel put forth his canine teeth; (S O;) as also ↓ شوّك, (S, O,) inf. n. تَشْوِيكٌ: (S:) or the phrase with the latter verb means The camel's canine teeth became long. (K.) b9: And شاك ثَدْىُ الجَارِيَةِ (assumed tropical:) The breast of the girl was ready to swell, or become protuberant or prominent; as also ↓ شوّك, inf. n. تَشْوِيكٌ; (S;) and, accord. to Z, شَوِكَ, like فَرِحَ: (TA:) or ثَدْيُهَا ↓ شوّك signifies (tropical:) her breast became pointed in its extremity, (IDrd, O, K, TA,) and its protrusion appeared. (IDrd, O, TA.) b10: شاك الرَّجُلُ, aor. ـَ inf. n. شَوْكٌ, (tropical:) The man exhibited his شَوْكَة [i. e. vehemence of might or strength, or of valour or prowess, &c.], and his sharpness. (S, O, Msb, K, TA.) [And The man was completely armed; (as though meaning he bristled with arms;) for] the inf. n. شَوْكٌ signifies a man's being completely armed. (KL.) b11: And شِيكَ (tropical:) He was, or became, affected with the disease termed شَوْكَة [q. v.]. (K, TA.) 2 شَوَّكْتُهُ بِالشَّوْكِ: see 1, former half. b2: شوّك الحَائِطَ, (S, K,) inf. n. تَشْوِيكٌ, (TA,) He put thorns upon the wall. (S, K.) b3: See also 1, latter half, in four places. b4: شوّك الزَّرْعُ (tropical:) The seed-produce, or corn, became white, before its spreading: (K:) or came forth [pointed,] without forking, or shooting forth into separate stalks, (حَدَّدَ,) and became white, before its spreading; as also ↓ أَشْوَكَ: (TA:) [or began to come forth: see مُشَوِّكٌ.] b5: شوّك نَابُ البَعِيرِ (assumed tropical:) [The canine tooth of the camel grew forth]. (TA.) b6: شوّك رِيشُ الفَرْخِ, (IDrd, O,) and شَارِبُ الغُلَامِ, (IDrd, O, K,) (tropical:) The feathers of the young bird, (IDrd, O,) and the mustache of the young man, became rough to the feel. (IDrd, O, K, TA.) And شوّك الفَرْخُ (assumed tropical:) The young bird put forth the heads of its feathers: (S, * K, TA:) in [some of the copies of] the S and A, شوّك الفَرْجُ, thus with ج, expl. by أَنْبَتَ. (TA.) And شوّك الرَّأْسُ بَعْدَ الحَلْقِ (tropical:) The head put forth its hair after the shaving. (S, K, TA.) 4 أَشْوَكَ as a trans. verb: see 1, former half, in four places: b2: as intrans.: see 1, latter half, in three places: and see also 2.5 تَشَوُّكٌ The having thorns; expl. by بَا خَارٌ شُدَنْ. (KL.) شَاكٌ; and its fem., with ة: see شَائِكٌ, in four places.

شَوْكٌ, (S, Msb, K, &c.,) of a tree, (Msb,) or of a plant, (TA,) Thorns, prickles, or spines; (PS, TK;) the kind of thing that is slender [or pointed] and hard in the head; (TA;) well known: (Msb, K:) n. un. with ة. (S, O, Msb, K, TA.) [Hence the saying,] لَا يَشُوكُكَ مِنِّى شَوْكَةٌ: see 1, near the beginning. [The شَوْك of the palm-tree are commonly called سُلَّآءٌ.] شَوْكُ السُّنْبُلِ [The sharp prickles that compose the awn, or beard, of the ear of corn]. (AHn, TA in art. بهم.) b2: [For other significations of شَوْكَةٌ, see this word below.]

شَوِكٌ; and its fem., with ة: see شَائِكٌ, in three places.

شَوْكَةٌ n. un. of شَوْكٌ [q. v.]. (S &c.) [Hence various meanings here following; all of which seem to be tropical.] b2: أَصَابَتْهُمْ شَوْكَةُ القَنَا [app. (assumed tropical:) The point of the spear hit, hurt, or wounded, them]. (TA. [There expl. only by the words وهى شبه الاسنة, i. e. وَهِىَ شِبْهُ الأَسِنَّةِ; as though relating to a pl. number.]) b3: جَاؤُوا بِالشَّوْكَةِ وَالشَّجَرَةِ (tropical:) They came with multitude [app. meaning of armed men]. (TA.) b4: شَوْكَةُ العَقْرَبِ (assumed tropical:) The sting of the scorpion. (S, O, K.) b5: شَوْكَةُ الحَائِكِ (tropical:) The weaver's implement with which he makes the warp and the woof even: (S, O, TA:) i. e., (TA,) الشَّوْكَةُ signifies الصِّيصِيَةُ, (O, K, in the CK الصِّيصَةُ,) as having this meaning: b6: and also as meaning (tropical:) The spur of the cock. (O, TA.) b7: And الشَّوْكَةُ, (Lth, O,) or شَوْكَةُ الكَتَّانِ, (K, TA,) (assumed tropical:) A piece of clay, (Lth, O, K, TA,) in a moist state, (K, TA,) made into a round form, and having its upper part pressed so that it becomes expanded, then (Lth, O, TA) prickles of the palm-tree are stuck into it, (Lth, O, K, TA,) and it dries; (K, TA;) used for clearing [or combing] flax therewith: (Lth, O, K, TA:) mentioned by Az: and also called الكَتَّانِ ↓ شُوَاكَةُ. (TA.) b8: شَوْكَةٌ also signifies (tropical:) A weapon, or weapons; syn. سِلَاحٌ; (K, TA, and Ham p. 526;) as in the phrase فُلَانٌ ذُو شُوْكَةٍ (tropical:) [Such a one is a possessor of a weapon or weapons; though this admits of another rendering, as will be shown by what follows]: (TA:) or (tropical:) sharpness thereof: (K, TA:) or (assumed tropical:) the point, or edge, in a weapon. (S, O.) b9: And (assumed tropical:) Vehemence of might or strength, or of valour or prowess, (S, O, Msb, K, TA,) in respect of fighting: (K, TA:) and (assumed tropical:) vehemence of encounter: and (assumed tropical:) sharpness: (TA:) and (assumed tropical:) the infliction of havock, or vehement slaughter or wounding, syn. نِكَايَةٌ, [app. meaning effectiveness therein,] among the enemy: (K, TA:) and (assumed tropical:) strength in weapons [app. meaning in the use thereof]: (Msb:) and [simply] (assumed tropical:) strength, or might. (Ham p. 526.) One says, لَهُمْ شَوْكَةٌ فِى الحَرْبِ (assumed tropical:) [They have vehemence of might or strength, or of valour or prowess, in war]: and هُوَ ذُو شَوْكَةٍ فِى العَدُوِّ (assumed tropical:) [He has effectiveness in the infliction of havock among the enemy]. (TA.) And it is said in a trad., هَلُمَّ إِلَى جِهَادٍ لَا شَوْكَةَ فِيهِ (assumed tropical:) [Come to a war in the cause of religion wherein is no vehemence of might or strength, &c.]; meaning the pilgrimage. (TA.) b10: Also (tropical:) A certain disease, (IDrd, O, K, TA,) well known; (K;) namely, plague, or pestilence; syn. طَاعُون. (IDrd, O.) And (assumed tropical:) A redness that arises (A, * O, K) upon the body (K) or upon the face, and part of the body, and is [said to be] allayed by means of charms, or spells: (O:) because the sting of the scorpion, which is thus called, when it strikes a man, mostly produces redness. (A, TA.) b11: [In one instance, in the CK, شَوْكَةٌ is erroneously put for شَوِكَةٌ, as an epithet applied to a tree.]

شَوْكَآءُ, applied to a [garment such as is called]

بُرْدَة, (S, O,) or to a [garment or dress such as is called] حُلَّة, (A, O, K,) (tropical:) Rough to the feel, because new: (AO, S, O, K, TA:) but As said, “I know not what it is. ” (O, L, TA.) شَاكِى السِّلَاحِ and شَاكٍ فِى السلاحِ: see شَائِكٌ, in three places.

شُوَاكَةُ الكَتَّانِ: see شَوْكَةٌ.

شُوَيْكَةٌ, like جُهَيْنَة [in measure], accord. to the K, A certain species of camels; and thus in the Moheet and the Mohkam: but the correct word is that which here follows. (TA.) إِبِلٌ شُوَيْكِيَّةٌ, (S, O, TA,) thus [says Sgh] I have seen the latter word in a verse in the Deewán of Dhu-r-Rummeh in the handwriting of Skr, with a distinct sheddeh to the [latter] ى, but in the handwriting of El-Bujeyrimee without a sheddeh; (O, TA;) (assumed tropical:) Camels whose canine teeth have grown forth: (S, * O, TA:) some say that it is شُوَيْكِئَة, with ء, and is for شُوَيْقِئَة [q. v.], the ق being changed into ك. (O, TA.) شَجَرٌ شَائِكٌ (S, O) and ↓ شَوِكٌ and ↓ شَاكٌ (O) Trees having thorns; (S, O; *) and ↓ شَجَرَةٌ مُشِيكَةٌ a tree having thorns: (TA:) [or thorny; having many thorns; for] ↓ شَجَرَةٌ شَاكَةٌ signifies a thorny tree, or a tree having many thorns, (S, O, K,) accord. to ISk; (S, O;) as also ↓ شجرة شَوِكَةٌ [in the CK (erroneously) شَوْكَةٌ] and شَائِكَةٌ (K, TA) and ↓ مُشْوِكَةٌ. (S, O, K, * TA.) And ↓ أَرْضٌ شَاكَةٌ A thorny land, or a land in which are many thorns: (K, TA:) and [in like manner] أَرْضٌ

↓ مُشْوِكَةٌ (S, O, K) a thorny land, or a land abounding with thorns; (O;) a land in which are the [thorny trees called] سِحَآء and قَتَاد and هَرَاس. (S, O, K.) b2: شَائِكُ السِّلَاحِ (S, O, Msb, K) and السلاحِ ↓ شَاكُ, (Fr, K, TA,) with refa to the ك, (TA,) [in the CK, erroneously, شاكِ,] and ↓ شَوِكُ السلاحِ, (K,) which is of the dial. of El-Yemen, (TA,) and السلاحِ ↓ شَاكِى, (Fr, S, O, Msb, K,) this last formed by transposition from the first, (S, O, Msb, TA,) or, as Fr says, شَاكِى السلاحِ and شَاكُ السلاحِ are like جُرُفْ هَارٍ and هَارٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) A man who exhibits his شَوْكَة [i. e. vehemence of might or strength, or of valour or prowess, &c.], and his sharpness: (S, O, Msb:) or a man whose weapon is sharp, or whose weapons are sharp: (K, TA:) or السلاحِ ↓ شَاكِى, as some explain it, a man whose spear-head and arrow-head and the like are sharp: (TA:) [or all may be rendered bristling with arms:] and accord. to Az, one says فِى السِّلَاحِ ↓ شَاكٍ and شَائِكٌ. (TA.) مَشُوكٌ Affected with the disease, (K, * TA,) or redness, (O, K, *) termed شَوْكَةٌ; (O, K, TA;) applied to a man. (O.) مُشْوِكٌ: see its fem. voce شَائِكٌ, in two places.

مُشِيكٌ: see its fem. voce شَائِكٌ.

زَرْعٌ مُشَوِّكٌ Seed-produce of which the first portion has come forth. (A, TA. [See also 2.])

شبك

1 شَبَكَهُ, aor. ـِ (K, TA,) inf. n. شَبْكٌ; (TA;) and ↓ شبّكهُ, inf. n. تَشْبِيكٌ; He infixed, (K, TA,) and inserted, (TA,) one part thereof into another, or parts thereof into others: (K, TA:) so in the M: (TA:) [but the latter more usually signifies he infixed, and inserted, many parts thereof into others: (see 8, first sentence, respecting its quasipass.:) and hence, he made it reticulated, retiform, like a net; and like a lattice, or trellis, or grating, or cage: and both signify also he made it commingled in its several parts, intricate, complicated, perplexed, or confused; either properly, as when the object is a fabric, or anything made by art, or created; or tropically, as when the object is ideal:] primarily, (TA,) الشَّبْكُ signifies الخَلْطُ [i. e. the mixing together a thing or things]; and [implies] التَّدَاخُلُ [i. e. the entering of one part of a thing into another part, or of parts of a thing or things into other parts; or the being intermixed, or intermingled]. (S, TA.) Hence, الأَصَابِعِ ↓ تَشْبِيكُ, (S, TA,) meaning The inserting of some of the fingers [i. e. those of one hand] amid the other fingers; (Msb, TA;) which it is forbidden to do in prayer: (TA:) one says, [شبّك أَصَابِعَهُ, or] شبّك بَيْنَ أَصَابِعِهِ, He inserted, or interserted, his fingers together [so as to conjoin his two hands]: (MA:) or, as some interpret it, تَشْبِيكُ الأَصَابِعِ which is forbidden in prayer is (assumed tropical:) the mixing, and entering, into contentions, or altercations. (TA.) [Hence also,] ↓ كَانَتِ الرِّيحُ شَبَّكَتْهُمْ, a saying of Mohammad Ibn-Zekereeyà, meaning (assumed tropical:) The wind had made them like the شَبَكَة [or net], in the interkniting and contraction of the limbs. (Mgh.) b2: شَبَكَهُ عَنْهُ, inf. n. as above, means (assumed tropical:) He, or it, diverted him, or occupied him so as to divert him, from him, or it. (TA.) 2 شَبَّكَ see above, in three places: A2: and see also 8, in two places.3 شابك بَيْنَهُمَا, inf. n. مُشَابَكَةٌ, [app. (assumed tropical:) He caused an embroilment between them two,] occurring in a tradition, (TA.) 4 اشبكوا They dug wells (O, K) such as are called شِبَاكٌ (O) or such as are called شَبَكَةٌ. (K.) b2: And أَشْبَكَ It (a place) had [such] wells dug in it by many persons. (TA.) 5 تَشَبَّكَ see 8, in four places.6 تَشَاْبَكَ see 8, in three places, b2: تشابكت السِّبَاعُ The beasts of prey leaped [the females]; syn. نَزَتْ: (K:) or desired to do so (أَرَادَتِ النِّزَآءِ). (IAar, TA.) b3: تَشَابَكَا [app. (assumed tropical:) They became embroiled, each with the other;] quasi-pass. of شَابَكَ بَيْنَهُمَا. (TA.) 8 اشتبك, quasi-pass. of شَبَكَهُ, It had one part thereof infixed, (K, TA,) and inserted, (TA,) into another, or parts thereof into others; as also ↓ تشبّك, quasi-pass. of شبّكهُ: (K, TA:) so in the M: but ↓ the latter imports muchness, or multiplicity: (TA:) [i. e. it signifies it had many parts thereof infixed, and inserted, into others: and hence, it was reticulated, retiform, like a net; and like a lattice, or trellis, or grating, or cage: and both signify also it was, or became, commingled in its several parts, intricate, complicated, perplexed, or confused; either properly, as when said of a fabric, or anything made by art, or created; or tropically, as when said of what is ideal.] One says, اشتبكت النُّجُومُ, and ↓ تشابكت, and ↓ شَبَّكَت, [or the last may be a mistranscription for ↓ تشبّكت,] The stars were intermixed among themselves, and confused: (TA:) [or were clustered together:] or اِشْتِبَاكُ النُّجُومِ signifies the stars' being numerous, and being intermixed among themselves; from شَبَكَةُ الصَّائِدِ [“the net of the fisherman” or “sportsman”]: (Mgh:) or their being numerous, and [as though] gathered [or clustered] together: (Msb:) or, as some say, the appearing of all the stars [which causes them to appear confused]. (TA.) And اشتبكت العُرُوقُ The veins were knit together, commingled, or intricately intermixed or intermingled; syn. اِشْتَجَرَت. (O, TA.) And اشتبك السَّرَابُ The mirage became intermixed, or confused. (TA.) And اشتبك الظَّلَامُ (tropical:) The darkness became confused. (S, O, TA.) And اشتكبت الأُمُورُ, and ↓ تشابكت, and ↓ شبّكت, (K, TA,) and ↓ تشبّكت, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) The affairs became intricate, complicated, perplexed, or confused. (K, TA.) And اشتكبت الحَرْبُ بَيْنَهُمْ (assumed tropical:) The war, or fight, became intricate, and entangled between them; syn. نَشِبَت. (TA in art. نشب.) And اشتبكت أَنْيَابُهُ وَاخْتَلَفَتْ [His canine teeth locked together, and were dissimilar]; referring to a lion. (O. [See also شَابِكٌ.]) اِشْتِبَاكُ الرَّحِمِ means (tropical:) The close [or intimate] connexion of relationship by birth: (TA:) [and in like manner, الأَرْحَامِ ↓ تَشَابُكُ such connexion of relationships by birth: see an ex. of its part. n., voce مُشْتَبِكٌ.]

شَبَكٌ: see شَبَكَةٌ. b2: Also The teeth of a comb; (O, K;) because of their nearness together. (TA.) بَيْنَهُمَا شُبْكَةٌ, (K,) or شُبْكَةٌ نَسَب ٍ, (S, Msb,) (tropical:) Between them two is [a close or an intimate connexion of] relationship by birth: (S, K, TA:) and بَيْنَ القَوْمِ شُبْكَةُ نَسَب ٍ (tropical:) Between the people, or party, is an intermingling [of relationship]. (O, TA.) شَبَكَةٌ The شَرَكَة [meaning net] of the صَيَّاد [i. e. fisherman, and fowler or sportsman]; (K;) the مِصْيَدَة, (Lth, O, TA,) or instrument of الصَّيْد, (S,) that is used in the water [i. e. for catching fish] and on the land [i. e. for catching fowls or wild animals]; (Lth, O, * TA;) applied by some peculiarly to the مِصْيَدَة of the water; (TA;) and ↓ شُبَّاكٌ signifies the same: (K:) pl. of the former شِبَاكٌ (S, Msb, K) and شَبَكَاتٌ (Msb) and [coll. gen. n.] ↓ شَبَكٌ: (Msb, K:) and the pl. of ↓ شُبَّاكٌ is شَبَابِيكُ (K.) b2: And A certain thing for the head; (Lth, O;) [a small net, for the head, a veil of net-work, in order that the face may not be known. (Golius, on the authority of Meyd.)]

A2: Also Wells near together, (K, TA,) of which the water is near [to the mouths], communicating [app. by filtration] one with another: so accord. to El-Kutabee: (TA:) or wells separate, one from another: (M and L in art. مأد:) and, (K,) or as some say, (TA,) wells (O, K, TA) that are open to view, (K, TA,) dug in a rugged place, of the depth of the stature of a man, and twice and thrice that measure, in which the rain-water becomes retained: so called because of their mutual proximity, and confusedness: a single one of them is not called شَبَكَةٌ; for this is only a name for a plural number; but the pl. شِبَاكٌ is applied to aggregates thereof in sundry places: (O, TA:) or شِبَاكٌ, (S,) or شَبَكَةٌ, (Msb,) signifies wells that are numerous and near together in a [tract of] land; (S, Msb;) form اِشْتِبَاكُ النُّجُومِ: (Msb:) or, accord. to As, شَبَكَةٌ signifies wells, or other pits or hollows dug in the ground, that are numerous; and the pl. is شِبَاكٌ. (IDrd, O.) b2: And A [tract of] land in which are many wells, (K, TA,) not tracts that exude water and produce salt, nor such as give growth to plants, or herbage: (TA:) or [the pl.] شِبَاكٌ signifies places, of the earth, that are not such as exude water and produce salt, nor such as give growth to plants, or herbage; such as the شِبَاك of El-Basrah. (Lth, O.) b3: And The burrow of the [field-rat called] جُرَذ: (K, TA:) or the burrows thereof, which are near together: pl. شِبَاكٌ. (TA.) شِبَاكٌ, (thus in the 'Eyn and O and L and TA,) or ↓ شُبَّاكٌ, (thus in the K, there said to be like زُنَّارٌ,) but [SM says that] the latter is a manifest mistake, (TA,) A thing, (K, TA,) or anything, (Lth, O,) composed of canes, or reeds, (K, TA,) or such as canes, or reeds, (Lth, O,) firmly bound together, (Lth, O, TA,) in the manner of the manufacture of mats: (Lth, O, K, TA:) a single piece whereof is termed ↓ شِبَاكَةٌ, (Lth, O, TA,) or ↓ شُبَّاكَةٌ. (So in the K.) b2: And likewise, (i. e. شِبَاكٌ, as in the 'Eyn and O and L, but in the K ↓ شُبَّاكٌ, TA,) What is between the curved pieces of wood of the [vehicles called] مَحَامِل, [pl. of مَحْمِل, q. v., composed] of net-work of thongs (مِنْ تَشْبِيكِ القِدِّ [القِدّ being here used as a coll. gen. n.: see art. قد]). (K, TA.) شِبَاكَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph.

شَبَائِكُ [a pl. of which the sing. is not mentioned,] Contentions, or altercations. (TA.) شَبَّاكٌ means مَنْ يَعْمَلُ الشِّبَاكَ الوَطِيَّاتِ [app. A maker of soft netted fabrics of thongs for مَحَامِل; (see شِبَاكٌ, latter sentence;) supposing الوَطِيَّاتِ to be for الوَطِيْئَاتِ, agreeably with a well-known license]. (TA.) شُبَّاكٌ: see شَبَكَةٌ, in two places: b2: and شِبَاكٌ, likewise in two places: b3: and شُبَّاكَةٌ, also in two places. b4: Applied to a دِرْع i. q. مَحْبُوكَةٌ [app. as signifying Woven well, or well and compactly; in which sense this epithet seems to be more properly applicable to a woman's “shift” than to “a coat of mail;” but دِرْعٌ in the former of these senses is seldom, if ever, fem.; and in the latter sense, seldom, if ever, masc.]. (TA.) A2: [It is also a pl., of which the sing., if used, is probably ↓ شَابِكٌ, accord. to analogy; as a possessive epithet, meaning ذُو شَبَكَة ٍ, like لَابِنٌ meaning ذُو لَبَن ٍ, &c.:] one says, رَأَيْتُ عَلَى المَآءِ الشُّبَّاكَ I saw, upon the water, the fishermen with the nets. (Az, Z, TA.) شُبَّاكَةٌ, (S, O, KL,) or ↓ شُبَّاكٌ, (Msb, TA,) A thing formed of grating, or lattice-work, (↓ مَشْبَكَةٌ, S, O, or مُشَبَّكٌ, KL, TA,) or iron, (S, O, Msb, K, TA,) and of other material [i. e. of wood &c.]: (TA:) and [particularly] a window so formed: (KL:) pl. شَبَابِيكُ. (S, O, TA.) One says, رَأَيْتُهُ

↓ يَنْظُرُ مِنَ الشُّبَّاكِ [I saw him looking from the grated, or latticed, window]. (TA.) b2: See also شِبَاكٌ.

شَابِكٌ [app. a possessive epithet, meaning ذُو شَبَكَة ٍ]: see شُبَّاكٌ. b2: [Also meaning ذُو اشْتِبَاك ٍ.] One says طَرِيقٌ شَابِكٌ A road, or way, that is confused and intricate. (O, K.) b3: [Hence,] أُمُّ النُّجُومِ الشَّوَابِكِ may mean The sun; as being the chief of the [confused] stars: or the milky way; [as being composed of confused stars;] الشَّوَابِك [pl. of الشَّابِكَة] meaning ↓ المُشْتَبِكَة. (Ham pp. 43 and 44.) b4: And لُحْمَةٌ شَابِكَةٌ: see مُشْتَبِكٌ. b5: And شَابِكٌ applied to a lion, Having the canine teeth locking together, (الأَنْيَابِ ↓ مُشْتَبِكُ, K, TA, [see 8, near the end, in the CK مُتَشَبِّكُ الاَنْيَابِ,]) dissimilar: (TA:) and شابِكُ الأَنْيَابِ is applied to a camel, (O, TA,) in like manner. (TA.) [Hence,] الشَّابِكُ is one of the names for The lion. (TA.) b6: And one says رَجُلٌ شَابِكُ الرُّمْحِ, meaning A man whom one sees, by reason of his skill, thrusting with the spear [indiscriminately] in all the faces. (O, TA.) مُشَبَّكٌ: see شُبَّاكَةٌ. b2: المُشَبَّكُ is A certain sort of food. (TA.) مُشْتَبِكٌ: see شَابِكٌ, in two places. b2: رَحِمٌ مُشْتَبِكَةٌ (A'Obeyd, S, TA) means (tropical:) [Relationship by birth] closely, or intimately, connected. (A'Obeyd, TA.) And one says also, ↓ بَيْنَهُمَا أَرْحَامٌ مُتَشَابِكَةٌ (tropical:) [Between them two are relationships by birth closely, or intimately, connected]: and ↓ لُحْمَةٌ شَابِكَةٌ [which means the like]. (TA.) أَرْحَامٌ مُتَشَابِكَةٌ: see what next precedes.

صح

1 صَحَّ, (S, A, MA, Msb, K,) aor. ـِ (MA, Msb, K) and صَحَّ, (MA,) inf. n. صِحَّةٌ (S, * A, * MA, Msb, * MF, TA) and صُحٌّ, (S, * K, * MF, TA,) two forms of the inf. n. of which there are some other exs., as قِلَّةٌ and قُلٌّ, and ذِلَّةٌ and ذُلٌّ, (MF, TA,) and صَحَاحٌ also, (K, * TA, * TK,) [like سَلَامٌ &c.,] He was, or became, healthy, or sound; (MA;) or restored to health, or soundness, مِنْ عِلَّتِهِ [from his disease]; (S, A;) as also ↓ استصحّ: (S:) or his disease departed. (K, TK.) And (assumed tropical:) It was, or became, [or proved,] sound, valid, (MA,) [substantial, real, sure, certain,] true, right, (MA, Msb,) correct, just or proper, whole or entire, (MA,) or [unmarred, or unimpaired,] free from every imperfection or defect or fault or blemish, (L, K, TA,) and from everything that would occasion doubt or suspicion or evil opinion: (L, TA:) and (tropical:) it was, or became, suitable to the case, or event. (Msb.) You say, صَحَّتْ شَهَادَتُهُ (tropical:) [His testimony was sound, valid, &c.]. (A, TA.) And صَحَّ قَوْلُهُ (tropical:) [His saying was, or proved, true]. (A, TA.) And صَحَّ عِنْدَ القَاضِى حَقُّهُ (tropical:) [His right, or due, or just claim, was, or became, established, substantiated, made good, or verified, in the estimation of the judge; like ثَبَتَ]. (A, TA.) And صَحَّ لَهُ عَلَيْهِ كَذَا (tropical:) [Such a thing became established, or verified, as due to him from him; like ثَبَتَ]. (A, TA.) And صَحَّ الــعَقْدُ (tropical:) The contract became established by its execution. (Msb,) And صَحَّتِ الصَّلَاةُ, as used by the lawyers, (tropical:) The prayer [was suitable to the ordinance thereof, so that it] annulled the obligation of performing it after the appointed time. (Msb, * and Dict. of Techn. Terms of the Mussalmans pp. 815-816. [This meaning is expressed in the former by the phrase أَسْقَطَتِ القَضَآءَ; which is fully expl. in the latter work, with other conventional meanings of صِحَّةٌ, all reducible to explanations given above.]

A2: صَحَّ الشَّىْءَ [if not a mistranscription for أَصَحَّ or صَحَّحَ] signifies (assumed tropical:) He made the thing صَحِيح [i. e. sound, valid, &c.]. (L, TA. [In the latter app. taken from the former.]) 2 صحّحهُ, [inf. n. تَصْحِيحٌ,] He rendered him healthy, sound, or free from disease; (S, A, MA, TA;) said of God; (S, TA;) and (A, TA) so ↓ اصحّهُ. (A, K, TA.) One says, اللّٰهُ بَدَنَكَ ↓ أَصَحَّ, and صَحَّحَ جِسْمَكَ, May God render thy body healthy, sound, or free from disease. (A.) b2: And (assumed tropical:) He rendered it sound, valid, (MA,) [substantial, real, sure, certain,] true, right, (MA, Msb,) just or proper, whole or entire, (MA,) [or free from every imperfection or defect or fault or blemish, and from everything that would occasion doubt or suspicion or evil opinion: see 1.] You say, صَحَّحْتُ الكِتَابَ, and الحِسَابَ, (assumed tropical:) I corrected the book, or writing, and the reckoning; rectified what was wrong thereof. (L, TA.) and صحّح بَرَآءَتَهُ [He verified his being free from a thing; clear, quit, or guiltless, of it; or irresponsible for it]. (Mgh in art. برأ.) 4 اصحّهُ: see 2, in two places. b2: Also He found him to be صَحِيح [or healthy, sound, or free from disease]; namely, a man. (L, TA.) A2: And اصحّ He had his family and his cattle in a healthy, or sound, state; (L, K;) whether he himself were in health or sick: (L:) or, said of a people, or party, they had their cattle in a healthy, or sound, state, after they had been affected by a plague, or murrain, or distemper. (S, L.) 5 تصحّح بِهِ [He was rendered healthy, or sound, by it]. (O and TA voce شَيْعَةٌ, q. v.) 10 إِسْتَصْحَ3َ see 1, first sentence.

A2: One says also, أَنَا أَسْتَصِحُّ مَا تَقُولُ (tropical:) [I hold to be true, right, or just, what thou sayest]. (TA.) R. Q. 1 صَحْصَحَ It (a thing, or an affair,) was, or became, distinct, apparent, or manifest; (K;) like حَصْحَصَ. (TA.) صُحٌّ: see the next paragraph, in two places.

صِحَّةٌ (S, A, MA, O, K) and ↓ صُحٌّ (S, * O, K) and ↓ صَحَاحٌ (O, K) [all app. inf. ns., of صَحَّ, q. v.; and used as simple substs. meaning] Health, or soundness of body; (S, A, MA, O;) contr. of سُقْمٌ or سَقَمٌ: (S, A, O:) or departure of disease: (K:) صِحَّةٌ is said to be in the body and in religion; like as are [its contrs.] مَرَضٌ and سُقْمٌ: (Aboo-Is-hák, TA in art. مرض:) in the body, it is a natural state or condition, wherewith the actions [and functions] of the body have the natural course: and it is metaphorically used in relation to [other things, including] attributes, or ideal things: (Msb:) and signifies [a sound, valid, substantial, real, sure, certain, true, right, correct, just or proper, whole or entire, state or condition; as is indicated in the first paragraph of this art.; or] freedom from every imperfection or defect or fault or blemish, (L, K, TA,) and from everything that would occasion doubt or suspicion or evil opinion. (L, TA.) One says, أَوْصَى فِى صِحَّتِهِ وَشِحَّتِهِ. (K in art. شح, q. v.) And وَسُقْمِهِ ↓ كَانَ ذٰلِكَ فِى صُحِّهِ [That was in his state of health, or soundness, and his illness, or sickness]. (AO, S.) And مِنَ ↓ مَا أَقْرَبَ الصَّحَاحَ السَّقَامِ [How little removed is health, or soundness, from illness, or sickness!]. (O.) صَحَاحٌ: see صِحَّةٌ, in two places: A2: and see صَحِيحٌ, in four places. b2: صَحَاحُ الطَّرِيقِ means (assumed tropical:) The hard part of the road, that has not been rendered soft, or plain, (K, TA,) nor smooth, or easy to walk or ride upon. (TA.) صُحَاحٌ: see the next paragraph.

صَحِيحٌ (S, A, MA, Msb, K, KL) and ↓ صَحَاحٌ (S, A, Msb, K) Healthy, sound, or free from disease; (S, A, MA, K, KL;) and so صَحِيحُ الجَسَدِ, applied to a man: (Msb:) and (assumed tropical:) sound, valid, (MA, KL,) [substantial, real, sure, certain,] true, right, (MA, KL, and Msb in explanation of the former word,) correct, just or proper, whole or entire, (MA, KL,) or [unmarred, or unimpaired,] free from every imperfection or defect or fault or blemish, (L, K, TA,) and from everything that would occasion doubt or suspicion or evil opinion: (L, TA:) [and (assumed tropical:) suitable to the case, or event: (see 1:)] fem. صَحِيحَةٌ, applied to a woman [and to other things]: (TA:) pl. صَحَاحٌ, (A, Msb, K,) a pl. of صَحِيحٌ, (Msb,) and applied to men [and other things], (A, K, TA,) and of صَحِيحَةٌ, and applied to women, (TA,) and أَصِحَّآءُ, (A, Msb, K,) a pl. of صَحِيحٌ, (Msb,) and applied to men, (A, K,) and أَصِحَّةٌ, likewise applied to men, (A,) and صَحَائِحُ, (K,) a pl. of صَحِيحَةٌ, and applied to women. (TA.) صَحِيحُ الأَدِيمِ means [lit. Sound of skin; or] not [having the skin] cut; as also ↓ صَحَاحُ الأَدِيمِ: (S:) [but each has a tropical signification; for] one says, فُلَانٌ صَحِيحُ الأَدِيمِ (Ham p. 628) meaning (tropical:) [Such a one is sound] in respect of origin, and of honour, or reputation. (Har p. 135.) And دِرْهَمٌ صَحِيحٌ means A dirhem free from defect; as also ↓ صَحَاحٌ; and ↓ صُحَاحٌ, [which I find as syn. with صَحِيحٌ in my copy of the K,] with damm, is allowable, like طُوَالٌ as syn. with طَوِيلٌ. (L, TA.) And it is said in a trad., ↓ يُقَاسِمُ ابْنُ آدَمَ أَهْلَ النَّارِ قِسْمَةً صَحَاحًا i. e. The son of Adam, meaning Kábeel [or Cain], who slew his brother Hábeel [or Abel], will make a right division with the people of Hell, so that half of it shall be for him, and half for them. (L, TA.) صَحْصَحٌ (S, L, Msb, K) and ↓ صَحْصَاحٌ and ↓ صَحْصَحَانٌ (S, L, K) A place, (S, Msb,) or ground, or land, (L, K,) that is plain, or even, (S, L, Msb, K,) destitute of herbage: pl. of the first صَحَاصِحُ: (L:) and the first signifies a tract of land destitute of herbage, plain, or even, and containing small pebbles: (L:) or a smooth tract of land: (R, MF:) and أَرْضٌ صَحَاصِحُ and ↓ صَحْصَحَانٌ a land destitute of everything, containing no trees, nor any depressed resting-place for water, said by AM to be seldom found except in the rising ground of a valley, or in a mountain near to such rising ground, and not so plain as what is termed صَحْرَآء. (L.) b2: [Hence, app., (see art. تره,)] تُرَّهَاتٌ صَحَاصِحُ, and تُرَّهَاتُ صَحَاصِحَ, [the latter preferred by J, as he says in the S,] (tropical:) What is vain, or false; (S, K, TA;) like ترّهات بَسَابِس: (S:) or [rather] vain, false, untrue things, that have no foundation. (TA.) صُحْصُحٌ and ↓ صُحْصُوحٌ One who pursues, or investigates, minute things, and retains them in his memory (يُحْصِيهَا), and knows them. (K.) صَحْصَاحٌ: see صَحْصَحٌ.

صُحْصُوحٌ: see صُحْصُحٌ.

صَحْصَحَانٌ: see صَحْصَحٌ, in two places.

مُصِحٌّ A man having his family and his cattle in a healthy, or sound, state; whether he himself be in health or sick: (L:) or having his cattle in a healthy, or sound, state, after their having been affected by a plague, or murrain, or distemper: pl. مُصِحُّونَ. (S, L.) It is said in a trad., لَا يُورِدَنَّ ذُو عَاهَةٍ عَلَى مُصِحٍّ (S, L) i. e. One whose camels are affected by a murrain, or distemper, shall by no means bring them to water immediately after one whose camels are in a healthy, or sound, state, so as to water the former beasts with the latter: a prohibition apparently given for fear that the latter beasts should become diseased like the former, and it should be supposed that the disease had passed by contagion, which ought not to be imagined. (L. [See also مُمْرِضٌ.]) مَصَحَّةٌ A cause of one's being rendered healthy, or sound in body. (L, K.) So in the saying, الصَّوْمُ مَصَحَّةٌ [Fasting is a cause of one's being rendered healthy]. (L, K.) One says also, السَّفَرُ مَصَحَّةٌ [Travel is a cause of one's becoming healthy]. (S, A.) And أَرْضٌ مَصَحَّةٌ A land free from plagues, or any common, or epidemic, diseases; in which maladies are not common or frequent. (TA.) مُصَحْصِحٌ True, sincere, or honest, in love, or affection. (K.) And it is also said to signify Counselling, or admonishing, or one who counsels or admonishes, faithfully, or sincerely: so in a verse of Meleeh El-Hudhalee; as though used by poetic license for مُصَحِّحٌ. (L.) A2: And (tropical:) One who does, or says, vain, or false, things. (A, K.)