شمس: شمس: تعرض لحرارة الشمس، ففي رياض النفوس (ص93 ق): كان زهرون يأخذ الطرقات وحده معصراً (متفقراً) وكان لا يحمل معه زاداً - وزهرون من السموس (الشموس) والععر (التفقُّر) قد تغير حتى صار كالشنّ البالي.
شمس: بالمعنى الذي ذكره لين وفريتاج مصدره شَمَس في معجم فوك.
شَمَسَ الرجل فلاناً: أوقع عليه التهمة عند الناس (محيط المحيط) وهو من كلام العامة.
شَمَّسَ (بالتشديد): امتنع، أبى (فوك).
شمَّس: صار شمّاساً هو ومارس عمل الشماسة (محيط المحيط).
تشمّس: امتنع، ابى (فوك).
شَمْس: عند اصحاب الكيمياء تستعمل رمزاً يكنى به عن الذهب (عباد 1: 88 رقم 282 محيط المحيط).
الشمس عند الصوفية هي النور أي الحق سبحانه وتعالى (محيط المحيط).
شمس: يكنى بها عند بعض نساء العامة عن الحيض (محيط المحيط).
شمس الكبيرة: اعتدال الربيع (لين عادات 1: 365).
شَمْسَة: نوع من الحلي مستديرة، وكرية في شكل الشمس (ألف ليلة 1: 69) حيث الكلام عن كيس فيه شمستان أي زبنتان بشكل بلوطتين من الذهب، وهي حلية من الذهب أو الفضة يزين بها طوق القباء (شيرب). وهذه الكلمة لابد ان تدل على هذا المعنى في عبارة الجبرتي التي نقلها كاترمير في (مملوك 2، 1: 280) وهي: على صدرها شمسات قصب بأزرارها.
ويقول كاترمير إنها تعنى نقاباً أو خماراً ينسدل على الكتفين. وهو معنى لا أرى إنه صحيح، كما ترجم كلمة قصب بنسيج من الذهب، وارى انها تعنى حلية مدورة مصنوعة من خيوط مفتولة ومجدولة من الذهب.
شَمْسَة: كرة على برج = رمانة.
(المقري 1: 370) شَمْسَة: قطعة من الحلة بهيئة الشمس تصنع من النحاس أو الحديد تدق فيها رزة الباب أو الخزانة ليجذب بها عند فتحه. وهي من كلام العامة (محيط المحيط).
شَمْسَة: كُلاب، مشبك، إبزيم، تدخل في العروة (بوشر) وفيه: شمشة، وأرى أن هذه من خطأ الطباعة.
شَمُسَة: نافذة المزهر (العود) الكبيرة.
صفة مصر 13: 228 وفيه نافذة القانون، (لين عادة 2: 78، 81).
شَمْسَة: شمسيّة، مظلة (مملوك 1، 2: 280، 181).
شَمْسَة: نافذة (مملوك 1: 2: 280، 281).
شَمْسيّ: فاتر (ألكالا).
مزرعة شمسية: عند العامة هي التي تنزلها أصحابها في أيام الأثمار ونحوها وترجع بعد ذلك إلى مواطنها المستمرة (محيط المحيط).
شَمْسِيّة: مظلة تحمل باليد لتقي حاملها من حر الشمس (ملوك 2، 1: 280، محيط المحيط، بوشر، هلو، باربيه).
شَمْسِيّة: مظلة تحمل باليد لتقي حاملها من المطر (محيط المحيط).
شَمِسيَّة: ستارة تمنع دخول الشمس.
(مملوك 2: 1، 281، كوسج طرائف ص121).
شَمْسِيّة: نافذة (معجم الادريسي، فوك، المقري 1: 405).
شَمْسِيّة: نبتة زهرة الشمس (بوشر).
شمسيات: نوافذ القانون الصغيرة (صفة مصر 13: 228).
الشمسية: فرقة من النصيريّة (محيط المحيط).
شَمُوس: يقال فرس شموس، وجمعها شِماس في معجم فوك.
شَمُوس: (بالقبطية سوموس) نوع من السمك (ياقوت 1: 886، زيشر مجلة لغة مصر القديمة سنة 1868 ص88). وكذلك في (ص55 رقم 8) (سيتزن 3: 261). ويقال أيضاً: سموس (انظر سموس). شَمِيس: مكان كثير الشمس (فوك).
شماسة: نافذة: ومنها الكلمة الأسبانية Aximez وهي نافذة ذات عقد في وسطها عمود (معجم الأسبانية ص219، 220).
حَجَر شُمَيسْ: نوع من الصلصال الأصفر. وقد أطلق عليه هذا الاسم يوجد في بئر شُمَيس وهو موضع في طريق جدة قرب الحدَّة وهو واد فيه حصن ونخل في منتصف الطريق بين مكة وجدّة. (برتون 2: 152).
شَمُوسِيّة: وظيفة الشماس عند النصارى وهي الشَمَاسِيّة (محيط المحيط) شَمّاس انجيلى: نائب كاهن، دون القسيس (بوشر).
شمَّاس رسائلي: دون نائب كاهن (بوشر).
شمّاس الشمعدان: قندلفت. مساعد للكاهن في القداس، وهو كاتب في درجة دنيا. ويقال له أيضاً: شمّاس في الدرجة الرابعة (بوشر).
شَمّاسِيَّة: وظيفة الشمّاس عند النصارى (محيط المحيط) شَمُّوسَة: عند العامة سَلاّلة كالحية الصغيرة (محيط المحيط).
شَمَامسيّ: شمّاسيّ. مختص بشمّاس الكنيسة. (بوشر).
مَشْمَس وجمعها مَشامِس: مكان تطرقه الشمس (فوك).
مَشْمَس: لها معنى آخر، انظره في مادة غرامة مُشَمَّس: اسم شراب مسكر في مصر يصنع من عصير العنب والسكر والماء ويعرض للشمس حتى يجود (معجم المنصوري).

شمس

1 شَمَسَ, aor. ـُ and شَمِسَ, (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. شُمُوسٌ; (TA;) and شَمِسَ, aor. ـَ (K) and شَمُسَ also, like فَضِلَ, aor. ـْ accord. to the lexicologists, as ISd says, but he holds the aor. of شَمِسَ to be شَمَسَ [only]; (TA;) and ↓ اشمس; (S, K;) It (a day) was, or became, sunny, or sunshiny; it had sun, or sunshine: (S, Msb, K:) or it had sun, or sunshine, all the daytime: or it was, or became, clear, or unobscured: (TA:) or its sun was, or became, vehement. (IF, Msb.) A2: شَمَسَ, (S, Msb, K,) aor. ـُ (Msb, TA) and شَمِسَ, (Msb,) inf. n. شُمُوسٌ and شِمَاسٌ, (S, Msb, K,) He (a horse) refused to be ridden or mounted: (S, K:) or took fright and broke loose and ran away, refusing to be ridden, by reason of the vehemence of his force of resistance, [for لِشِدَّةِ متعبه in the TA, I read لشدّة مَنَعَتِهِ,] and his sharpness of temper, so that he would not remain still: (TA:) or became rebellious against his rider. (Msb.) b2: [Hence,] شَمَسَتِ المَرْأَةُ (assumed tropical:) The woman abstained from looking at men, and from exciting their desire. (TA.) b3: And شَمَسَ لِى فُلَانٌ (tropical:) Such a one showed enmity to me: (K: *) or showed his enmity to me, (T, S, A,) and almost made it to take effect, (A,) or as though he purposed to act: (T, TA:) or شَمَسَ فِى فُلَانٍ signifies, [unless فى be a mistake for لِى, and فُلَانٍ for فُلَانٌ,] he showed his enmity [towards such a one], and could not conceal it. (M in TA.) [See also 3.] b4: And الخَمْرُ تَشْمُسُ بِصَاحِبِهَا (assumed tropical:) Wine overcomes, and runs away with, its drinker. (TA.) 2 شمّس, (TK,) inf. n. تَشْمِيسٌ, (K,) He worshipped the sun. (K, TK.) A2: And He spread a thing in the sun, or sunshine, (K, TK,) in order that it might dry. (TA.) 3 شامسهُ, inf. n. مُشَامَسَةٌ and شِمَاسٌ, He opposed him, and treated him with enmity or hostility. (Th, TA.) [See also 1.]4 أَشْمَسَ see 1, first signification. b2: [Also He ascended a mountain towards the sun. (Freytag, from the Deewán of the Hudhalees.)]5 تشمّس He (a man) sat in the sun, or sunshine: (TA:) he set himself up [or exposed himself standing] to the sun. (S, TA.) A2: تشمّس عَلَيْهِ He was niggardly, tenacious, or avaricious, to him. (TA.) [See also the part. n., below.]

الشَّمْسُ [The sun;] the body of the solar light, that runs its course in the firmament: (Lth, * TA:) it is fem.: (S, * Msb, K:) and has neither dual nor pl.: (Msb:) or it has a pl., [though this is not used in a pl. sense,] namely, شُمُوسٌ, (S, K,) as though they called every part of it a شمس, like as they said مَفَارِقُ for مَفْرِقٌ. (S.) When it is made determinate without the article ال, [as] in the name عَبْدُ شَمْسَ, meaning The Servant of the Sun, (Msb, K,) i. e., of this luminous object, (Msb,) the شمس of heaven, because they used to worship it, (K,) it is imperfectly decl., (Aboo-'Alee, Msb, K,) because it is determinate and of the fem. gender, (Aboo-'Alee, K,) or because it is a proper name and of the fem. gender and altered from الشَّمْس: (Msb:) and a poet says, كَلَّا وَشَمْسَ لَنَخْضِبَنَّهُمُ دَمًا [Nay verily, by the sun, we will assuredly dye them with blood], making شمس imperfectly decl. because he means the art. ال to be understood: (IAar, TA:) but some say that in the former instance, (Msb, TA,) and in the latter, (TA,) the word in question has a different signification, which will be shown below: (Msb, TA:) and Sb says that none of the Arabs made شمس determinate without the art. ال, except in the proper name mentioned above, in which all of them made it so. (TA.) The dim. is ↓ شُمَيْسَةٌ. (S, TA.) b2: [Also The sun, or sunshine.] You say, قَعَدَ فِى الشَّمْسِ [He sat in the sun, or sunshine]. (TA.) b3: Also, (K, TA,) or شَمْسٌ, (Msb,) A certain ancient idol. (Msb, K.) Accord. to Ibn-El-Kelbee, it is this that is meant by the proper name mentioned above; and if so, it is perfectly decl.: (Msb:) and some say that it is this also that is meant in the words of the poet cited above, and that he makes the word imperfectly decl. because he uses it as a proper name of the image (الصُّورَة). (TA.) A2: شَمْسٌ also signifies A kind of necklace or collar: (S, K:) or a pendant, or suspended ornament, (مِعْلَاق,) of the necklace or collar upon the neck: or the collar of a dog: (TA:) or a kind of women's ornament: of the masc. gender: (Lh, TA:) pl. شُمُوسٌ. (TA.) b2: And A kind of comb, (K,) with which women in the first age used to comb themselves; (TA;) as also ↓ شَمْسَةٌ. (IDrd, TA.) A3: يَوْمٌ شَمْسٌ: see شَامِسٌ.

يَوْمٌ شَمِسٌ: see شَامِسٌ.

شَمْسَةٌ: see شَمْسٌ, last sentence but one.

شَمْسِىٌّ [Of, or relating to, the sun; solar].

السَّنَةُ الشَّمْسِيَّةُ The solar year. (Mgh.) b2: It is also a term applied by some of the Arabs to The first [annual] increase [of sheep and goats]. (Aboo-Nasr, TA voce صَفَرِىٌّ, q. v.) شَمَاسٌ The disposition, in a horse, of refusing to be ridden, or mounted. (S.) b2: [And hence,] (assumed tropical:) The disposition, in a woman, of abstaining from looking at men, and from exciting their desire: a subst. from شَمَسَتٌ. (TA.) شَمُوسٌ A horse that refuses to be ridden or mounted; (S, K;) as also ↓ شَامِسٌ: (K:) or that takes fright and breaks loose and runs away, refusing to be ridden, by reason of the vehemence of his force of resistance and his sharpness of temper, so that he will not remain still: (TA: [see 1:]) or that will hardly remain still: (A:) or that rebels against his rider: (Msb:) or that refuses to be ridden or mounted, and will hardly remain still: (Mgh:) also applied to a she-camel: (TA:) شَمُوصٌ, with ص, applied to a horse is not allowable: (Msb:) pl. شُمُسٌ (A, Mgh, Msb, K) and شُمْسٌ. (K.) b2: [Hence,] (assumed tropical:) A woman who abstains from looking at men, and from exciting their desire; as also ↓ شَامِسَةٌ: pl. of the former, شُمُسٌ; and of the latter, [شَوَامِسُ and] شُمُوسٌ. (TA.) b3: Hence also, (Msb,) (tropical:) A man refractory, untractable, perverse, stubborn, or obstinate, in disposition: (S, Msb, TA:) and a man hard, harsh, or illnatured, in his enmity, vehement in contrariousness to him who opposes him: (TA:) شَمُوصٌ [with ص] is not allowable. (S.) b4: [Hence too,] الشَّمُوسُ (assumed tropical:) Wine: (AHn, K:) because it overcomes, and runs away with, its drinker, like the horse to which this epithet is applied. (AHn.) شُمَيْسَةٌ dir of شَمْسٌ, q. v.

شَمَّاسٌ One of the heads of the Christians, who shaves the middle of his head, and keeps to the church: (Lth, A, Mgh, K:) [in the present day, a deacon: see جَاثَلِيقُ:] not pure Arabic, (IDrd,) or not sound Arabic: (M:) [probably, as Golius says, from the Chaldee 165:] pl. شَمَامِسَةٌ. (Mgh, K: [in the TA, شماسة; and in a copy of the A, شَمَّاسَة; but the right reading is that in the Mgh.]) شَامِسٌ A sunny, or sunshiny, day; a day having sun, or sunshine: or having sun, or sunshine, all the daytime: or clear; unobscured: and in like manner, ↓ شَمْسٌ and ↓ شَمِسٌ, a clear, cloudless, day: and شَامِسٌ also signifies intensely hot: (TA:) and ↓ مُشْمِسٌ, applied to a day, signifies the same as شَامِسٌ; (A;) and so ↓ مَشْمُوسٌ. (Th, TA.) A2: A neck having [ornaments of the kind called] شُمُوس [pl. of شَمْسٌ, q. v.]: a possessive epithet. (TA.) A3: See also شَمُوسٌ, in two places.

أَشْمَسُ More, and most, incompliant or resisting. (Ham p. 324.) مُشْمِسٌ: see شَامِسٌ.

مُشَمَّسٌ Made [or spread to dry (see 2)] in the sun, or sunshine. (S.) مُشَمِّسٌ A worshipper of the sun. (O, TA.) مَشْمُوسٌ: see شَامِسٌ.

مُتَشَمِّسٌ [Sitting in or] setting himself up to [or exposing himself standing to] the sun. (K.) A2: A man who defends what is behind his back: (ISh, TA:) a man strong (ISh, K, TA) in that which sustains or supports him; syn. قَوِىٌّ شَديدُ القُومِيَّةِ: (ISh, TA:) Sgh says شَديدُ القُوَّةِ; but the former is the right reading: (TA:) and niggardly, tenacious, or avaricious, to the utmost degree. (K.)

رد

ى1 رَدِىَ aor. ـْ inf. n. رَدًى, He (a man, TA) perished. (S, M, Msb, K.) [See an ex. in the Kur xx. 17.] b2: And رَدِىَ (Az, T, M, and so in a copy of the S,) aor. ـْ (Az, T,) inf. n. رَدًى; (M;) or رَدَى; (K, and so in copies of the S;) or both of these verbs; aor. of the latter يَرْدِى; (TA;) and ↓ تردّى; (S, M, K;) He fell into a well: (Az, * T, * S, K:) or he tumbled down into a deep hollow, or cavity, or pit: (M:) or ↓ the last of these verbs has this meaning: (Lth, T:) or it signifies he fell into a deep hollow, or cavity, or pit: (Msb:) or he tumbled down (S) from a mountain; (Az, T, S;) and so the first, or second: (S:) and ↓ تردّى signifies he fell from a mountain and died. (TA.) إِذَا

↓ تَرَدَّى, in the Kur [xcii. 11], means When he falls into the abyss of the fire [of Hell]: (T, * TA:) or into the cavity of the grave: or into the lowest depth of Hell: or when he perishes: (Bd:) or when he dies. (T.) b3: And رَدَى He (a man) went away. (K.) You say, مَا أَدْرِى أَيْنَ رَدَى I know not whither he went away, or has gone away. (S.) A2: رَدَاهُ, (S, M, K,) aor. ـْ (M,) inf. n. رَدْىٌ, (TK,) He broke it; (M, K;) namely, a thing with a stone: (M:) or he beat it, [or battered it,] namely, a stone with a piece of rock, or with a pickaxe, in order to break it. (S.) b2: And He dashed himself against him, or knocked against him, (S, K, TA,) like as the pickaxe knocks against the stone. (TA.) b3: And رَدَاهُ بِحَجَرٍ, (T, K,) or بِحِجَارَةٍ, (S,) aor. ـْ inf. n. رَدْىٌ; (T;) and رَدَاهُ بِحَجَرٍ, (K and TA in art. ردو,) aor. ـْ inf. n. رَدْوٌ, (TA,) with و for the final radical; (K, TA;) [like رَدَأَهُ, and دَرَأَهُ;] He threw at him, or threw at him and hit him, with a stone, or stones. (T, S, M.) [It is also said in the T, with reference to مِرْدَاةٌ, as signifying a large stone with which other stones are beaten, or battered, الرَّدْىُ إِنَّمَا هُوَ رَفْعٌ بِهَا وَرَمْىٌ بِهَا; but I think that رَفْعٌ is a mistranscription for دَفْعٌ; and that the meaning intended to be expressed by these words is, that رَدْىٌ signifies The thrusting with a مِرْدَاة; and the throwing it, or with it.] b4: [Hence, app.,] رَدَى said of a horse, (As, ISk, T, S, M, K,) aor. ـْ (As, ISk, T, S, K,) inf. n. رَدْىٌ and رَدَيَانٌ; (ISk, S, M, K;) and رَدَا, (K and TA in art. ردو, [in the CK, و is omitted before the word لُغَةٌ in that art.,]) aor. ـْ (TA;) [and, accord. to Freytag, ↓ ارتدى is used in the same sense by Jereer;] He beat, or battered, the ground, (رَجَمَ الأَرْضَ, As, ISk, T, S, ISk, T, S, M, K,) with his hoofs, (M, K, TA,) in running, (As, T,) or in going along, and in running, (M,) or in going a pace between running and vehement walking: (ISk, S:) or رَدَيَانٌ signifies the same as تَقْرِيبٌ: (Az, T, M: [see 2 in art. قرب:]) or it is [a manner of going] between running and walking: (K:) or the running (T, S, M) of the horse (T) or of the ass (S, M) between his آرِىّ [or place of confinement, or the loop to which he is tied,] and his مُتَمَعَّك [or place of rolling upon the ground]; (T, S, M;) thus explained by El-Munteji' Ibn-Nebhán, (T, S,) to As. (S.) In the K, رَجَمَتْ is erroneously put for رَجَمَ; being app. taken from the M, in which it refers to horses; [not to a single horse;] as does also the pronoun in بِحَوَافِرِهَا, in the same portion of the passage in the K and in the M. (TA.) Accord. to Az, this is from رَدَيَانُ الجَوَارِى, explained in what follows. (Ham p. 221.) b5: You say, رَدَتِ الجَارِيَةُ The girl raised one leg and went along upon the other, in play; (K, TA;) and so ↓ اِرْتَدَت: (TA:) and الجَوَارِى يُرْدِينَ, inf. n. رَدَيَانٌ; (M;) or ↓ يَرْتَدِينَ; (T;) the girls played, (T, M,) raising one leg, (M,) or one of them raising one leg, (T,) and going along upon the other: (T, M:) or رَدَيَانُ الجَوَارِى signifies the girls' playing in which one of them raises one leg and steps with the other two steps, and then puts it down and raises the other, doing thus several times. (Az, Ham p. 221.) And رَدَى الغُلَامُ The boy raised one leg and leaped, or jumped, [or hopped,] with the other. (S.) And رَدَى الغُرَابُ, (M, K,) aor. ـْ (T,) The crow, or raven, raised one leg and hopped on the other; or leaped along. (T, M, K.) A3: رَدَتْ غَنَمِى My sheep, or goats, increased, or exceeded; as also ↓ أَرْدَتْ. (Fr, M, K.) b2: And رَدَيْتُ عَلَى الشَّىْءِ and ↓ ارديت I exceeded the thing. (M.) And عَلَى غَيْرِهِ ↓ اردى

It exceeded another thing; as also اردأ [q. v.] (M in art. ردأ.) And رَدَيْتُ عَلَى الخَمْسِينَ, (S, M, *) and الثَّمَانِينَ, (M,) and ↓ ارديت, (S,) I exceeded [the age of fifty, and eighty]. (S, M. *) 2 ردّاهُ, (Msb, K,) inf. n. تَرْدِيَةٌ, (Msb,) He made him to fall, or threw him down, (Msb, K,) into a deep hollow, or cavity, or pit, (Msb,) or into a well; as also ↓ ارداهُ. (K.) He (God) overthrew him; as also ↓ ارداهُ. (M.) A2: رَدَّيْتُهُ, inf. n. as above, I clad him with a رِدَآء [q. v.]. (S.) 3 رَادَيْتُ عَن القَوْم, (S, K. *) inf. n. مُرَادَاةٌ, (S,) I contended in throwing stones in defence of the people, or party. (S, K. *) A2: راداهُ, (T, S, M, K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) is also syn. with رَاوَدَهُ [He endeavoured to turn him; or to turn him by blandishment, or by deceitful arts; or to entice him to turn]; (S, M, K;) formed from the latter by transposition; (S;) or دَاوَرَهُ [which means the same]; عَلَى الأَمْرِ [to the thing, or affair]: (T as on the authority of A 'Obeyd:) and دَارَاهُ [which means the same; or he treated him with gentleness, or blandishment; soothed, coaxed, wheedled, or cajoled, him; or he deceived, deluded, beguiled, circumvented, or outwitted, him; or endeavoured, or desired, to do so]; (S, M, K; the first as on the authority of A 'Obeyd;) or, accord. to AA, i. q. دَاجَاهُ and دَالَاهُ and فَانَاهُ [all of which are syn. with دَارَاهُ]. (T.) 4 ارداهُ He (i. e. God, M, or another, S, M *) caused him to perish; or destroyed him. (S, M, K.) Hence, (M,) in the Kur [xxxvii. 54], إِنْ كِدْتَ لَتُرْدِينِ Verily thou almost causedst me to perish, or destroyedst me. (T, M. *) b2: See also 2, in two places. b3: Also He made him (i. e. a horse) to go in the manner signified by the verb رَدَى [q. v., meaning, beating, or battering, the ground, &c.]: so accord. to the M and K, except that, in both, the fem. pronoun is used, in the M referring to horses, and in the K improperly referring to a single horse. (TA.) b4: See also 1, last four sentences.5 تردّى: see 1, second and third sentences, in four places. b2: He was, or became, overthrown. (M.) A2: Also, and ↓ ارتدى, He put on, or clad himself with, or wore, a رِدَآء [q. v.]: (S, K: but in the latter the verbs are fem. [as said of a woman]:) or so تردّى بِرِدَآءٍ and بِهِ ↓ ارتدى. (M, Msb.) b2: And تردّى بِسَيْفِهِ, and ↓ ارتدى, (assumed tropical:) He hung upon himself his sword, putting its suspensory belt or cord upon his neck or shoulder; syn. تَقَلَّدَهُ. (M.) b3: And تردّت الجَارِيَةُ (assumed tropical:) The girl, or young woman, put on, or decked herself with, a وِشَاح [q. v.], which is also called رِدَآء. (T, K.) 8 ارتدى: see 1, in the latter half of the paragraph, in three places.

A2: See also 5, in three places: and see an ex. voce رِدَآءٌ b2: [Hence,] اِرْتَدَانِى He carried me, or bore me, upon his shoulder, in the place of the رِدَآء. (Ham p. 471.) رَدًى an inf. n. of رَدِىَ [q. v.]. (S, M, Msb, K.) A2: Also Excess, redundance, or superfluity; syn. زِيَادَةٌ: so in the saying, مَا بَلَغْتُ رَدَى عَطِيَّتِكَ, i. e. I have not attained to thy excess, &c., in thy gift: and يُعْجِبُنِى رَدَى قَوْلِكَ The excess of thy saying pleases me: and so in the saying of Kutheiyir, لَهُ عَهْدُ وُدٍّ لَمْ يَكَدَّرْ يَزِينُهُ رَدَى قَوْلِ مَعْرُوفٍ حَدِيثٍ وَمُزْمِنِ meaning [He has a covenant of love, or affection, into which he has entered, which has not been sullied, and] which excess of kind speech, on his part, [recent and of long duration,] adorns: (T:) or, [as ISd cites the verse,] قَوْلِ مَعْرُوفٍ ↓ رَدِى

&c.: [and he adds,] it is said, in explanation thereof, that رَدِى means زِيَادَة; and I think that it is an inf. n., of the measure فَعِلٌ, like ضَحِكٌ and حَبِقٌ, or a subst. put in the place of an inf. n. (M.) A3: See also رَدَاةٌ.

رَدٍ [originally رَدِىٌ] Perishing; (IAar, T, S, M, K;) applied to a man: fem. رَدِيَةٌ. (S, K.) A2: See also the next preceding paragraph.

رِدْيَةٌ A mode, or manner, of wearing the رِدَآء: (S, M, * Msb: *) like رِكْبَةٌ from الرُّكُوبُ, and جِلْسَةٌ from الجُلُوسُ: (S:) you say, هُوَ حَسَنُ الرِّدْيَةِ [He is comely in respect of the manner of wearing the ردآء] (S, M, Msb.) رَدَاةٌ A rock; or piece of rock; or great mass of stone, or of hard stone: (Fr, T, S, K:) pl. رَدَيَاتٌ (Fr, T) and [coll. gen. n.] ↓ رَدًى. (S, K.) رِدَآءٌ A certain garment; (S, Msb;) a kind of مِلْحَفَة [or outer wrapping garment], (M, K,) well known; (K;) one of the garments that are not cut and sewed; (Mgh in art. قطع, and MF voce إِزَارٌ;) [being of a single piece;] covering the upper half of the body; or lying upon the shoulders and back; (MF voce إِزَارٌ;) or falling upon the belly and there ending: (TA voce صِفْرٌ:) [a رداء worn by Mohammad, “thrown over the left shoulder and wrapped round the body under the right arm,” is described as “four cubits long and two cubits and a span wide:” (Sprenger's Life of Mohammad, Part I, English ed., pp. 86 and 87:)] it is of the masc. gender, and it is not allowable to make it fem.: (IAmb, Msb:) the dual is رِدَاآنِ and رِدَاوَانِ the latter being allowable, (S, Msb,) but the former being preferable: (S:) and the pl. is أَرْدِيَةٌ: (S, M, Msb:) the رِدَآء is also called ↓ رِدَآءَةٌ, (M, K, TA, [in the CK رِداة,]) like as the إِزَار is also called إِزَارَةق; (M;) and ↓ مِرْدَاةٌ, (K, TA, in the CK مَرْداة,) of which the pl. is ↓ مَرَادٍ, (TA,) occurring in the saying, مَرَادِىَ الحَرِيرِ ↓ لَا يَرْتَدِى

وَلَا يُرَى بِسُدَّةِ الأَمِيرِ

إِلَّا لِحَلْبِ الشَّاْةِ وَالبَعِيرِ [He will not wear outer wrapping garments of silk, nor will he be seen at the porch of the commander, or prince, unless for the purpose of milking the sheep, or goat, and the camel]; (M, TA;) المَرَادِى meaning الأَرْدِيَة; (M;) but accord. to Th, it has no sing.: (M, TA:) [or] ↓ مَرَادٍ signifies waist-wrappers; syn. أُزُرٌ. (K.) b2: Hence, صِفْرُ رِدَائِهَا, in a description of Umm-Zara, in a trad., meaning (assumed tropical:) Lank in her belly; as though her ردآء were empty. (TA in art. صفر.) b3: and غَمْرُ الرِّدَآءِ (tropical:) Abounding in beneficence. (T, M, K, TA.) And عَيْشٌ غَمْرُ الرِّدَآءِ (tropical:) A life ample, or plentiful, in its means. (TA.) b4: And رِدَآءُ الشَّبَابِ (assumed tropical:) The beauty, and softness, tenderness, or delicateness, of youth. (T.) b5: And رِدَآءُ الشَّمْسِ (assumed tropical:) The light, (M,) or beauty and light, (T,) of the sun. (T, M.) b6: رِدَآءٌ also signifies (assumed tropical:) A sword; (T, M, K;) [ISd says,] I think, as being likened to the garment thus called; (M;) [i. e.] because it is hung, by its suspensory cords, upon the neck and shoulder [like that garment]. (T.) [See also مِرْدًى, near the end of the paragraph.] Mutemmem says, لَقَدْ كَفَّنَ المِنْهَالُ تَحْتَ رِدَائِهِ فَتًى غَيْرَ مِبْطَانِ العَشِيَّاتِ أَرْوَعَا [Verily El-Minhál has shrouded beneath his sword a young man not voracious in the evenings, when the chief meal is eaten, one who excited the admiration of the beholder]: for El-Minhál had slain his [the poet's] brother Málik; and when a man slew another who was a celebrated man, he used to lay his sword upon him, in order that his slayer might be known. (M. [But see, in relation to this verse, a long story in the Ham pp. 370-372.]) And El-Khansà says, جَعَلْتَ رِدَآءَكَ فِيهَا خِمَارَا وَدَاهِيَةٍ جَرَّهَا جَارِمٌ [And in many a calamity which a committer of a crime has brought to pass, thou hast made thy sword to be as a covering to the head]; meaning, thou hast smitten, therein, the necks of thine enemies with thy sword like the خمار [which means a woman's “muffler” and a man's “turban”]. (T.) b7: Also (assumed tropical:) A bow; (AAF, M, IAth;) because it is borne upon the shoulder, which is the place of the رداء [properly thus called]. (IAth, TA.) b8: And [for the like reason] (assumed tropical:) The [ornament called] وِشَاح [q. v., worn by women]. (T, K.) So in a verse of El-Aashà, cited voce رَقْرَقَ. (T.) b9: And (assumed tropical:) A bier; because it is borne upon the place of the رداء [properly thus called, i. e., upon the shoulder]. (Ham p. 471.) b10: And (assumed tropical:) Debt; (T, M, K;) because it is [regarded as] a thing that cleaves to the neck of the debtor, like as the رداء [properly thus called] cleaves to the shoulders of the wearer. (T.) You say, هُوَ خَفِيفُ الرِّدَآءِ, meaning (tropical:) He is little burdened in respect of debt: and also, in respect of household. (K, * TA.) [See also an ex. voce نَسَآءٌ.] b11: Also (assumed tropical:) Intelligence: b12: and (assumed tropical:) ignorance: (M, K:) both on the authority of IAar: (M:) b13: he says also that it means (assumed tropical:) anything that is the pride, or ornament, of a person; (T, M;) even, (M,) for instance, one's house, and one's father; (T, M;) or one's house and one's beast; (so in the TA;) each of these, he says, is one's رداء [or (assumed tropical:) pride]: (T:) thus, (M,) it is (assumed tropical:) a thing that graces: and (assumed tropical:) a thing that disgraces: (M, K:) so that it has two contr. meanings: thus in the K, referring to the meanings of “intelligence” and “ignorance:” but this requires consideration. (TA.) رِدَآءَةٌ: see the next preceding paragraph, first signification.

رَدِىٌّ: see رَدِىْءٌ, in art. ردأ

الرَّادِى The lion; (K;) because he dashes himself (يَرْدِى i. e. يَصْدِمُ) [against his prey]. (TA.) مِرْدًى A stone that is thrown; (S, K;) as also ↓ مِرْدَاةٌ: (T, S:) or a piece of rock with which date-stones are broken: (Ham p. 417:) and accord. to ISk, ↓ the latter signifies a piece of rock with which stones are broken, (S,) or with which one breaks [anything]: (M:) or a stone which the strong man can hardly, or not at all, lift with his hands; [like مِرْدَأَةٌ; (TA in art. ردأ;)] with which stones are broken; and with which they beat and soften a rugged place that they hollow out; and with which the hole of the [lizard called] ضَبّ is broken, or battered, when it is among large stones (فى قلعة [i. e. فِى قَلَعَةٍ]), which قلعة it softens and demolishes: (En-Nadr, T:) the same word (مرداة) also signifies the stone, (T,) or the piece of rock, (M,) by means of which the ضَبّ is guided to its hole: (T, M:) [and accord. to Golius, on the authority of Meyd and the Mirkát el-Loghah, the upper mill-stone:] the pl. of مِرْدَاةٌ is ↓ مَرَادٍ: (T:) and this pl. is [also] syn. with مَرَامٍ [app. as pl. of مِرْمَاةٌ, and meaning the arrows thus called; or any missiles]. (M.) Hence the prov., ↓ عِنْدَ جُحْرِ كُلِّ ضَبٍّ مِرْدَاتُهُ [Near by the hole of every dabb is its stone that is to be thrown at it, or its stone by means of which it guides itself to that hole]; applied to a thing that is near at hand, having no obstacle in the way to it; for the dabb will not be guided to its hole, when it goes forth from it and returns to it, except by means of a stone which it places as a mark to point out its hole: (T:) or كُلُّ

↓ ضَبٍّ عِنْدَهُ مِرْدَاتُهُ (S, M, Meyd) i. e. Every dabb has near by it its stone that is to be thrown at it; (S, * Meyd;) for the dabb has little knowledge, therefore it prepares not its hole save by a stone that may be a mark thereof, so that he who seeks it finds the stone that is to be thrown at the dabb near to it; therefore the prov. means that thou shouldst not feel secure from accidents, because calamities are prepared with every time, or period; and it is applied to him who exposes himself to destruction. (Meyd.) Hence also, i. e. from مِرْدًى in the first of the senses assigned to it above, (S,) or in the second of those senses, (Ham p. 417,) said of a courageous man, إِنَّهُ لَمِرْدَى حُرُوبٍ (assumed tropical:) [Verily he is like the missile of wars]; (S;) or فُلَانٌ مِرْدَى الحُرُوبِ (assumed tropical:) [Such a one is like the crushing stone of the wars]; or مِرْدَى الخُصُومِ, i. e. (assumed tropical:) he whom they throw against the antagonists and who crushes them: (Ham ubi suprà:) and هُمْ مَرَادِى الحُرُوبِ: [مَرَادٍ being pl. of مِرْدًى, as well as of مِرْدَاةٌ:] (S:) and فُلَانٌ مِرْدَى خُصُومَةٍ وَحَرْبٍ (assumed tropical:) Such a one is very patient in the endurance of contention and war. (M.) مِرْدًى is also used as meaning (assumed tropical:) A horse hard like the stone thus called; thus in a verse of 'Antarah: or it there means a horse that runs swiftly; from الرَّدَيَانُ [an inf. n. of رَدَى, q. v.]: or it is from الرَّدَى [inf. n. of رَدِىَ, and syn. therewith], meaning perdition: or it means, in that verse, [like رِدَآءٌ,] a sword, [as being an instrument of perdition,] from الرَّدَى. (Ham p. 207.) ↓ مِرْدَاةٌ, also, (S,) or نَاقَةٌ مِرْدَاةٌ, (TA,) is used as meaning (assumed tropical:) A she-camel like the stone thus called in hardness. (S, TA.) And ↓ مَرَادٍ [as pl. of مِرْدًى or of مِرْدَاةٌ] means also (assumed tropical:) The legs of camels, (Lth, T, M, K,) and of the elephant (Lth, T, K) or of elephants; as being likened to the stones thus called; (M, TA;) or because of their heaviness, and vehemence of tread. (T, TA.) b2: Also مِرْدًى, (so in the S,) or ↓ مُرْدِىٌّ, with damm [to the ل] and with shedd [to the ى], (K,) A pole with which a ship, or boat, is propelled, (S, K,) being in the hand of the sailor: (S:) pl. [of the former]

مَرَادٍ, (S,) or [of the latter] مَرَادِىُّ: (K:) in the dial. of the vulgar مِدْرى [pronounced by them مِدْرَى, without tenween, or مِدْرَا, for مِدْرَأٌ]; pl., with the art., المَدَارِى [and vulgarly pronounced مَدَارِى also without the art.]. (TA.) مِرْدَاةٌ, and its pl. مَرَادٍ (which is also pl. of مِرْدًى): see the next preceding paragraph, in seven places: b2: and see also رِدَآءٌ, in three places.

مُرْدِىٌّ: see مِرْدًى, last sentence.

اِمْرَأَةٌ هَيْفَآءُ المُرَدَّى A woman lank, or slender, in the place of the [ornament called] وِشَاح [q. v.]. (T.) المُتَرَدِّيَةُ, in the Kur v. 4, means That which falls from a mountain, or into a well, or from an elevated place, and dies. (T.) The sheep or goat thus termed is forbidden [to be eaten] because it has died without having been slaughtered according to the law. (Msb.)