رق

1 رَقَّ, aor. ـِ (S, Mgh, * Msb, K,) inf. n. رِقَّةٌ, (JK, S, Mgh, K, * TA,) It (a thing, JK, S, Mgh, Msb, TA) had the quality termed دِقَّةٌ; (K, TA; [in the CK, الرَّقَّةُ is erroneously put for الدِّقَّةُ;]) [i. e.] it was, or became, the contr. of غَلِيظٌ, (S, Msb, TA,) and of ثَخِينٌ: (S, TA:) [or rather, properly, it is the contr. of ثَخُنَ; i. e. it was, or became, thin as meaning of little thickness in comparison with its breadth and length together; little in extent, or depth, between its two opposite surfaces: thin, fine, delicate, flimsy, unsubstantial, or uncompact, in texture &c.; said of a garment and the like: shallow, or of little depth; said of water, and of sand, &c.: thin as meaning wanting in spissitude; said of mud &c.: attenuated: see رِقَّةٌ, below; and رَقِيقٌ:] and ↓ استرق [in like manner] signifies the contr. of استغلظ [and therefore contr. of غَلُظُ; for these last two verbs are syn.]. (S, K.) b2: [Hence,] رَقَّتْ عِظَامُهُ, [inf. n. رِقَّةٌ, or رَقَقٌ, or both, (and if so, the second Pers\. may be رَقَقْتَ and رَقِقْتَ, and the aor. ـِ and يَرَقُّ,) (assumed tropical:) His bones became weak; or became thin, and consequently (assumed tropical:) weak; meaning] (assumed tropical:) he became aged: (JK:) or it is said of one who has become aged. (TA. [See رِقَّةٌ and رَقَقٌ below; and see also رَقِيقٌ.]) b3: And رَقَّ, [inf. n. رِقَّةٌ, (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, weak: and abject, mean, paltry, or contemptible: see رَقِيقٌ: and see also 4:] his patience, or endurance, became weak, or weakened: (TA:) he was, or became, weak-hearted, and fearful; as also رَقَّ قَلْبُهُ: (Mgh:) and affected with shame, shyness, or bashfulness. (K, TA.) b4: And رَقَّ لَهُ, (Mgh, K, *) first Pers\. رَقَقْتُ, aor. ـِ inf. n. رِقَّةٌ, (K,) (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, [tender-hearted, (see رَقِيقٌ and أَرَقُّ,)] merciful, compassionate, or pitiful, to him; (Mgh, K;) as also رَقَّ لَهُ قَلْبُهُ: (TA:) and لَهُ ↓ ترقّق signifies the same as رَقّ لَهُ قَلْبُهُ. (S, K.) b5: [And رَقَّ كَلَامُهُ (assumed tropical:) His speech was, or became, soft or tender, or easy and sweet, or elegant, graceful, or ornate: see رَقِيقٌ, and see also 2. b6: And رَقّ صَوْتُهُ (assumed tropical:) His voice was, or became, slender, or soft, or gentle. b7: And رَقَّتْ حَالُهُ (assumed tropical:) His state, or condition, was, or became, narrow in its circumstances, or evil: see رِقَّةٌ, below, and 4; and see also 4 in art. خف. b8: And رَقَّ عَيْشُهُ (assumed tropical:) His living, or sustenance, was, or became, scanty.] b9: And رَقَّ عَدَدُهُ (tropical:) His years that he numbered were for the most part passed, so that the remainder was little (رَقِيق) in his estimation. (IAar, TA.) A2: رَقَّ, (Mgh, Msb,) aor. ـِ (Msb,) inf. n. رِقٌّ, (S, * Mgh, Msb, K,) He was, or became, a slave; (S, * Mgh, Msb, K; *) or he remained a slave. (Mgh.) A3: رَقَّهُ and ↓ ارقّهُ He made him a slave: (Msb:) or ↓ the latter signifies he kept him as a slave; (Mgh;) contr. of أَعْتَقَةُ; (S, Mgh;) as also ↓ استرقّهُ: (S:) or ↓ the second and ↓ third, he possessed him as a slave; (K;) and so رَقَّهُ; accord. to ISk and Az and others: (TA:) or ↓ استرقّهُ signifies he made him, or took him as, a slave; (Mgh;) or he brought him into a state of slavery. (TA.) 2 رقّقهُ, (S, K,) inf. n. تَرْقِيقٌ; (TA;) and ↓ ارقّهُ, (S, K,) inf. n. إِرْقَاقٌ; (TA;) contr. of غَلَّظَهُ; (K;) or He made it, or rendered it, رَقِيق [i. e. thin, as meaning of little thickness in comparison with its breadth and length together; &c.: see 1, first sentence; and رَقِيقٌ, below]. (S, TA.) b2: [Hence,] تَرْقِيقُ الكَلَامِ (assumed tropical:) The making speech to be [soft or tender, or easy and sweet, or] elegant, graceful, or ornate; the beautifying, or embellishing, and adorning, of speech. (S, TA.) and hence, (TA,) it is said in a prov., (S,) أَعَنْ صَبُوحٍ

تُرَقِّقُ (S, K, TA) (tropical:) Dost thou allude (K, TA) gracefully, courteously, politely, or delicately, (TA,) to a morning-draught? (K, TA:) [the origin of which prov. was this:] a certain man named Jábán alighted by night at the abode of a people, and they entertained him, and gave him an evening-draught; and when he had finished it, he said, “When ye shall have given me a morning draught, how shall I enter upon my way and prosecute the object of my want? ” whereupon the saying above was addressed to him: (K, * TA:) it is applied to him who makes an allusion to a thing, like this guest, who desired to oblige the people to give him the morning draught: and was said by Esh-Shaabee to one who spoke of kissing a woman when meaning thereby جِمَاع. (TA.) b3: [Hence also,] رقّق صَوْتَهُ (K in art. حزن) or ↓ ارقهُ (S in that art.) (assumed tropical:) [He made his voice slender, or soft, or gentle]. b4: تَرْقِيقٌ also signifies (assumed tropical:) [The pronouncing a word with the slender sound of the lengthened fet-h (like the sound of “ a” in our word “father ”), and with the ordinary sound of the letter ل; both as in بِاللّٰهِ and للّٰهِ;] the contr. of تَفْخِيمٌ. (Kull p. 127.) b5: رقّق المَشْىَ, said of a camel, (K, TA,) (tropical:) He went an easy pace: and ↓ ترقّق, alone, signifies the same. (TA.) [See also R. Q. 2.] b6: رقّق بَيْنَ القَوْمِ (assumed tropical:) He created, or excited, disorder, disturbance, disagreement, or dissension, or he made, or did, mischief, between, or among, the people. (TA.) 4 ارقّ, said of the white grape, (AHn, O, K,) It was, or became, thin in its skin and abundant in its juice: (AHn, TA:) or completely ripe. (O, K.) b2: Said of a man, (tropical:) He was, or became, in a state, or condition, narrow in its circumstances, or evil; i. q. صَارَ رَقِيقَ الحَالِ, (JK,) or سَآءَتْ حَالُهُ. (K, TA.) b3: أَرَقَّتْ بِهِمْ أَخْلَاقُهُمْ (tropical:) Their natural dispositions were, or became, niggardly, tenacious, or avaricious. (TA.) A2: ارقهُ: see 2, in two places. b2: See also 1, last sentence, in three places.5 تَرَقَّّ see 1: b2: and see also 2.

A2: تَرَقَّقَتْهُ She (a girl) captivated his heart so that his patience, or endurance, became weak, or weakened. (TA.) 6 لَا تَدْرِى عَلَى مَا يَتَرَاقُّ هَرِمُكَ (assumed tropical:) Thou knowest not what thing thou wilt choose: (JK:) or to what state, or condition, thy mind will come at the last. (TA.) The origin of the word (يتراقّ) is unknown. (JK.) [See also art. هرم.]10 إِسْتَرْقَ3َ see 1, first sentence. b2: [Hence,] استرقّ المَآءُ The water [became shallow: and hence,] (tropical:) sank into, or disappeared in, the earth, except a little. (K, TA.) b3: And استرقّ اللَّيْلُ (assumed tropical:) The night for the most part passed. (TA.) A2: استرقّهُ: see 1, last sentence, in three places. R. Q. 1 رَقْرَقَهُ, (S, K,) inf. n. رَقْرَقَةٌ, (TK,) He poured it forth in small quantity; namely, water &c.: (K:) or he made it to come and go; namely, water. (S.) b2: رقرق الثَّرِيدَ بِالسَّمْنِ He poured a little clarified butter upon the broken bread; (K, TA;) i. e. made it savoury therewith: or, as some say, poured much thereof upon it. (TA.) b3: رقرق الثَّوْبَ بِالطِّيبِ He made the perfume to run [to and fro (as is implied in the S)] upon the garment: (TA:) [or he poured and rubbed the perfume upon the garment.] El-Aashà says, وَتَبْرُدُ بَرْدَ رِدَآءِ العَــرُوسِ فِى الصَّيْفِ رَقْرَقْتَ فِيهِ العَبِيرَا [And she is cool, with the coolness of the وِشَاح (see رِدَآء) of the bride, in summer, upon which thou hast poured and rubbed perfume mixed with saffron &c.]. (S, TA: in the latter, بِالصَّيْفِ.) b4: رقرق الخَمْرَ He mixed the wine. (TA.) b5: رقرق عَيْنَهُ He made his eye to shed tears. (TA.) b6: It is said in a trad., تَجِىْءُ فِتْنَةٌ فَتُرَقْرِقُ بَعْضُهَا بَعْضًا, meaning [Sedition, or the like, will come, and] one act thereof will cause desire for another by its embellishment thereof, or investing it with charms. (TA.) b7: [See also رَقْرَقَةٌ, below.] R. Q. 2 تَرَقْرَقَ It (water, &c.,) poured forth in small quantity. (TA.) b2: He, or it, ran in an easy manner. (TA.) [See also 2, last sentence but one.] b3: It (water, S, TA) was, or became, in a state of motion, or commotion; (K, TA;) in which sense, [meaning it flickered,] it is [also] said of the سَرَاب [or mirage]; (O, K; [see also another explanation below;]) [it went to and fro;] it came and went. (S, K, TA.) And in like manner, (S,) ترقرق الدَّمْعُ The tears went round about at the inner edge of the eyelid-(S, K.) And ترقرقت الشَّمْسُ The sun appeared as though it were turning round (A'Obeyd, K, TA) and coming and going, by reason of its nearness to the horizon, and of vapours intervening between it and the eyes; which it does not when it is high. (A'Obeyd, TA.) b4: It (a thing) shone, or glistened; (JK, S, K;) as does the سَرَاب [or mirage]. (JK.) b5: ترقرقت عَيْنُهُ His eye shed tears. (TA.) رَقٌّ: see رَقِيقٌ; and رُقٌّ.

A2: Also, (JK, S, Mgh, Msb, K,) and ↓ رِقٌّ, (Msb, K,) but the latter is a rare dial. var. though some read thus in the Kur lii. 3, (Msb,) [Parchment; and vellum; so in the present day; or] skin, (Mgh, Msb,) or thin skin, (S, K,) upon which one writes: (S, Mgh, Msb, K:) or (so accord. to the Mgh, but in the K “ and ”) a white [i. e. blank] صَحِيفَة [which means a paper and a piece of skin, but generally such as is written upon]: (JK, Mgh, K:) or metaphorically applied to (tropical:) a skin written upon: properly one upon which one writes: (Bd in lii. 3:) accord. to Fr, (assumed tropical:) the صَحَائِف [i. e. papers, or pieces of skin, meaning records,] that will be produced to the sons of Adam on the day of resurrection; which indicates that such as is written is also thus termed: (Az, TA:) in the Kur lii. 3, [accord. to some,] applied to (assumed tropical:) the Book of the Law revealed to Moses: or the Kur-án. (Jel.) A3: Also, (K,) or the former word [only], (JK, S, Msb,) The tortoise: (JK:) or a great tortoise: (S, K:) or the male tortoise: (Msb:) and the crocodile: (JK:) or, (K,) accord. to Ibráheem El-Harbee, (TA,) a certain aquatic reptile, (K, TA,) [app. the turtle, or sea-tortoise,] having four legs, and claws, or nails, and teeth in a head which it exposes and conceals, and which is killed for food: (TA:) pl. رُقُوقٌ. (A'Obeyd, JK, S, Msb, K.) رُقٌّ Shallow, applied to water; or shallow water; (↓ مَآءٌ رَقِيقٌ; IDrd, K, TA;) not copious, or not abundant; (IDrd, TA;) in a sea, or great river, or in a valley; (IDrd, K, TA;) as also ↓ رَقٌّ; (K;) and so ↓ رُقَارِقٌ. (IDrd, K.) b2: See also رَقَاقٌ.

رِقٌّ: see رَقٌّ. [It is indicated in the K that it is syn. with the latter word in all of its (the latter's) senses: but I do not find it to be so in any other lexicon.] b2: A thin thing. (S. [There expl. as signifying شَىْءٌ رَقِيقٌ; but perhaps by this may be meant that it is an epithet syn. with رَقِيقٌ, as it is said to be in the K.]) See رَقِيقٌ. b3: The leaves of trees: or the branches that are easy for the cattle [to eat]. (K.) b4: And A certain thorny plant. (K.) b5: See also رَقَاقٌ.

A2: Also The state, or condition, of a slave; slavery; servitude; (JK, S, Msb, K;) and so ↓ رِقِّيَّةٌ. (KL.) رَقَّةٌ Any land by the side of a valley, over which the water spreads in the days of the increase, and into which it then sinks, or disappears, (S, K,) and which therefore produces good herbage: (S:) pl. رِقَاقٌ. (K.) b2: See also رَقَاقٌ.

رِقَّةٌ [an inf. n. of رَقَّ in several senses, as shown above, in the first paragraph of this art.]: it is explained in the K as syn. with دِقَّةٌ: [see 1, first sentence:] but El-Munáwee says, in the “ Tow-keef,” that the former is like the latter [as meaning Thinness], but that the latter is said with regard to the lateral parts of a thing, and the former with regard to the depth of a thing [or the extent between the two opposite surfaces thereof]: thus, in a material substance, such, for instance, as a garment, or piece of cloth, [&c.,] it is [thinness as meaning little thickness in comparison with the breadth and length together; littleness in extent, or depth, between the two opposite surfaces: fineness, delicateness, flimsiness, unsubstantialness, or uncompactness, in texture &c.:] the contr. of [ثَخَانَةٌ and] صَفَاقَةٌ: (TA:) [in water, and sand, &c., shallowness, or littleness of depth: (see رُقٌّ:) in mud, and anything imperfectly liquid, thinness as meaning want of spissitude: an attenuated state or condition of anything.] b2: Also (assumed tropical:) Weakness; (Mgh;) as in the phrase رِقَّةُ جَانِبٍ [weakness of resistance; similar to لِينُ جَانِبٍ; contr. of غِلَظُ جَانِبٍ]; (Ham p. 631;) [and in the phrase رِقَّةُ دِينٍ weakness of religion: (see رَقِيقٌ:) also abjectness, meanness, paltriness, or contemptibleness: and weak-heartedness, and fearfulness: (see 1:)] and shame, shyness, or bashfulness. (K.) b3: Also (assumed tropical:) [Tender-heartedness, (see رَقِيقٌ and أَرَقُّ,)] mercy, compassion, or pity; (K;) and so رِقَّةُ قَلْبٍ: (TA in art. حن:) in the soul, it is the contr. of جَفْوَةٌ and قَسْوَةٌ. (ElMunáwee, TA.) b4: [And (assumed tropical:) Softness or tenderness, or easiness and sweetness, or elegance, gracefulness, or ornateness, of speech: see رَقِيقٌ, and see also 2. b5: And (assumed tropical:) Slenderness, softness, or gentleness, of voice.] b6: And (assumed tropical:) Evilness [or narrowness of the circumstances] of state or condition: so in the saying, عَجِبْتُ مِنْ قِلَّةِ مَالِهِ وَرِقَّةِ حَالِهِ (assumed tropical:) [I wondered at the paucity of his property, and the evilness, or the narrowness of the circumstances, of his state or condition]. (TA.) b7: [And (assumed tropical:) Scantiness of living or sustenance &c.] b8: And رِقَّةُ بَطْنٍ (assumed tropical:) [A looseness, or diarrhœa]. (TA in art. خلف.) رَقَقٌ, an inf. n., (KL, [see 1,]) [Thinness, and consequently] (tropical:) weakness (JK, S, K, KL, TA) of the bones, (JK,) or in the bones, (TA,) or of the bone, (KL,) or as in the bone, (S,) and in a camel's foot: (TA:) [and] lightness in a horse's hoof. (AO, TA.) b2: (tropical:) Paucity: thus in the saying, فِى مَالِهِ رَقَقٌ (tropical:) [In his property is paucity]: (JK, S, K, TA:) mentioned by Fr, (S,) or by A'Obeyd thus, but the saying mentioned by Fr is مَا فِى مَالِهِ رَقّقٌ (tropical:) There is not in his property paucity. (TA.) b3: And (assumed tropical:) Scantiness (رِقَّة) of food. (TA.) A2: See also the next paragraph.

رَقَاقٌ A [desert tract such as is called] صَحْرَآء: (K:) or a wide, or spacious, صحرآء, of soft soil, beneath which is hardness: (TA:) or a level, (S, K, TA,) expanded, (TA,) tract of land, of soft soil, beneath which is hardness: (S, K, TA:) or a tract from which the water has sunk into the ground; as also ↓ رُقَاقٌ and ↓ رَقَّةٌ [q. v.]: or a soft and wide tract of land; (K, TA;) accord. to As, without sand; (TA;) as also ↓ رِقٌّ and ↓ رُقٌّ and ↓ رَقَقٌ; (K;) the last of which is a contraction of رَقَاقٌ, used by Ru-beh, (S, TA,) by poetic license. (TA.) A2: يَوْمٌ رَقَاقٌ A hot day. (Fr, K.) [See also رَقْرَاقٌ.]

رُقَاقٌ: see رَقِيقٌ. b2: Also, (JK, S, K,) as a subst., (Th, S,) or خُبْزٌ رُقَاقٌ, (Mgh, Msb,) Thin bread, (↓ خُبْزٌ رَقِيقٌ, JK, S, Mgh, Msb, TA,) such as is [flat, or flattened, or] expanded: (TA:) n. un. رُقَاقَةٌ, (Mgh, * Msb, K,) meaning a single thin, round cake of bread: (Mgh:) one should not say رِقَاقَةٌ, with kesr: (K:) the pl. of رُقَاقٌ accord. to the K is رِقَاقٌ; but this is pl. of رَقِيقٌ, like as كِرَامٌ is pl. of كَرِيمٌ. (TA.) [See also مُرَقَّقٌ.] b3: مَشَى مَشْيًا رُقَاقًا, said of a camel, means رَقَّقَ المَشْىَ, (K, TA,) i. e. (tropical:) He went an easy pace. (TA.) b4: See also رَقَاقٌ.

رَقِيقٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) fem. with ة, (TA,) Having the quality termed دِقَّةٌ; (K, TA; [see 1, first sentence, respecting a mistranscription in the CK;]) as also ↓ رُقَاقٌ, (K,) of which the fem. is likewise with ة; (TA;) and ↓ رُقَّاقٌ, (K,) like رُمَّانٌ; (TA;) [i. e.] contr. of غَلِيظٌ; (S, Msb, K, TA;) as also ↓ رَقٌّ (K, TA) and ↓ رِقٌّ: (K:) and contr. of ثَخِينٌ: (S, TA:) [or rather this last is the proper explanation of رَقِيقٌ, as well as of all the other epithets above mentioned; (see رِقَّةٌ;) i. e. thin as meaning having little thickness in comparison with its breadth and length together; having little extent, or depth, between its two opposite surfaces:] applied to bread that is [flat, flattened, or] expanded; such as is termed رُقَاقٌ, q. v.: (TA:) and to a garment, or piece of cloth, (Mgh, El-Munáwee, TA,) and the like, as meaning thin, fine, delicate, flimsy, unsubstantial, or uncompact, in texture &c.; contr. of صَفِيقٌ; (El-Munáwee, TA;) as also ↓ رُقَارِقٌ: (TA:) and to water [as meaning shallow, or of little depth; and in like manner to sand]: see رُقٌّ: (IDrd, K, TA:) [thin as meaning wanting in spissitude; applied to mud &c.: attenuated:] pl. رِقَاقٌ (TA) and أَرِقَّةٌ. (JK.) [Hence,] الرَّقِيقَانِ The part between the خَاصِرَة [or flank] and the رُفْغ [or groin, on either side]: (AA, K:) and the pl. الأَرقَّةُ the thin parts at the flanks of she-camels. (JK.) Also, the dual, الرقيقان, The حِضْنَانِ [or part between the armpit and the flank, on either side]. (K, TA. [In the CK الخُصْيانِ, q. v.]) And [The two veins called] the أَخْدَعَانِ [q. v.]. (K.) And, of the nose, The two sides: (K:) so says As: or the رَقِيق of the nose is the thin and soft part of the side. (TA.) b2: [Also Thin, or attenuated, and consequently (assumed tropical:) weak, in the bones: see رَقَقٌ.] You say نَاقَةٌ رَقِيقَةٌ meaning (assumed tropical:) A she-camel whose marrow-bones have become weak and thin (ضَعُفَتْ وَرَقَّتْ), and whose medullary canal is wide: pl. رِقَاقٌ and رَقَائِقُ. (IAar, TA.) b3: Also (assumed tropical:) Weak: and abject, mean, paltry, or contemptible: applied to a man [&c.]. (TA.) And goats are called مَالٌ رَقِيقٌ [Weak cattle] because they have not the endurance of sheep. (TA.) b4: (assumed tropical:) Weak-hearted. (Mgh.) And رَقِيقُ القَلْبِ (assumed tropical:) Soft, or tender, of heart; contr. of قَاسِى القَلْبِ. (El-Munáwee, TA.) b5: [(assumed tropical:) Soft or tender, or easy and sweet, or elegant, graceful, or ornate, speech or language.] رَقِيقُ اللَّفْظِ means [(assumed tropical:) Soft or tender, &c., of expression; applied to a man: and also soft or tender or] easy and sweet expression. (Har p. 8.) b6: [(assumed tropical:) Slender, or soft, or gentle, applied to the voice.] b7: رَجُلٌ رَقِيقُ الحَوَاشِى (assumed tropical:) A man gentle, gracious, or courteous, to his associates. (TA in art. حشى.) And عَيْشٌ رَقِيقُ الحَوَاشِى (tropical:) A soft or delicate, pleasant, or plentiful and easy, life. (TA.) b8: [عَيْشٌ رَقِيقٌ may sometimes mean the same: but it commonly means (assumed tropical:) Scanty living or sustenance.] b9: And فُلَانٌ رَقِيقُ الدِّينِ وَالحَالِ (tropical:) [Such a one is weak in respect of religion, and narrow in the circumstances of, or evil in, his state or condition: see رِقَّةٌ]. (TA.) A2: Also A slave, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) male and female; (Msb;) [but] the latter is [also] called رَقِيقَةٌ: (Lh, JK, TA:) and slaves; for it is used as sing. and pl.; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) like رَفِيقٌ and خَلِيطٌ: (TA:) accord. to Abu-l-'Abbás, so called because they are abject and submissive to their owner: (TA:) the pl. of رَقِيقٌ is أَرِقَّآءُ, (Msb, TA,) erroneously said in the K to be رِقَاقٌ; (TA;) and that of رَقِيقَةٌ is رَقَائِقُ. (Lh, TA.) Using it as pl., you say, هٰؤُلَآءِ رَقِيقِى [These are my slaves]. (Mgh.) And لَيْسَ فِى الرَّقِيقِ صَدَقَةٌ, i. e. [There is no poorrate] in the case of slaves used for service [as distinguished from those that are for sale]. (Msb.) [See also مُرَقٌّ.]

رُقَّى [fem. of أَرَقُّ, q. v.].

رُقَّاقٌ: see رَقِيقٌ, first sentence.

رِقِّيَّةٌ: see رِقٌّ last sentence.

رَقْرَقَةٌ inf. n. of R. Q. 1. (TK.) b2: Quickness in going and coming. (JK. [If an inf. n. in this sense, its verb is perhaps رُقْرِقَ.]) رَقْرَاقٌ: see رُقَارِقٌ. b2: Also, applied to a collection of clouds (سَحَابٌ), Going and coming. (TA.) See also the next paragraph. b3: Applied to tears (دَمْعٌ), Going round about at the inner edge of the eyelid. (TA.) b4: Anything shining, or glistening. (S, TA.) [Hence,] رَقْرَاقَةٌ A woman (As, TA) as though water were running upon her face: (As, K, TA:) or رَقْرَاقَةُ البَشَرَةِ a girl whose external skin shines, or glistens, (Ham p. 622, and TA,) with whiteness: (TA:) pl. رَقَارِقُ, applied to soft, or tender, young women. (Ham ubi suprà.) [Hence also,] الرَّقْرَاقُ is The name of a sword of Saad Ibn-'Obádeh El-Ansáree. (K.) b5: Applied to a day, i. q. صَارٌّ [app. a mistranscription for حَارٌّ, i. e. Hot; like رَقَاقٌ; as though shining, or glistening, with the sunlight]. (Fr, TA.) A2: The تَرَقْرُق [or commotion, or moving to and fro, or coming and going, whether real or apparent,] of the سَرَاب [or mirage], and of anything that shines, or glistens. (JK.) رُقْرُقَانُ السَّرَابِ What is in a state of commotion, of the سراب [or mirage]: (IDrd, O, K:) and السَّرَابِ ↓ رَقْرَاقُ means [the same, or] what [moves to and fro, or undulates, or] comes and goes, of the سراب. (S.) And سَرَابٌ رُقْرُقَانٌ [Mirage] that shines, or glistens. (TA.) رُقَارِقٌ: see رَقِيقٌ, first sentence: and رُقٌّ. Also, applied to the سَرَاب [or mirage], (so in the CK,) or شَرَاب [i. e. wine or beverage], (so in copies of the K and in the O and TA,) [the former of which readings I think the more probably that which is correct, supposing the mirage to be likened to shallow water, which is thus termed, but Freytag prefers the latter reading,] i. q. رَقِقُ [app. as meaning Shallow, or perhaps thin]; (IDrd, O, K;) and so ↓ رَقْرَاقٌ. (IDrd, O.) b2: and A sword having much مَآء [q. v.; i. e. much diversified with wavy marks, streaks, or grain; or having much lustre]: (IDrd, K, TA:) or shining, or glistening, much. (TA.) أَرَقُّ [compar. and superl. of رَقِيقٌ; i. e. More, and most, thin, &c.]. رُقَّى, [its fem.,] applied to a piece of fat (شَحْمَةٌ), means مِنْ أَرَقِّ الشَّحْمِ; [i. e. Of the finest, or most delicate, sort of fat; (in the CK, erroneously, مِنْ أَرَقَّ الشَّحْمُ;)] (JK, K, TA;) such that no one comes upon it without his eating it. (JK, TA.) Hence the prov., وَجَدْتَنِى الشَّحْمَةَ الرُّقَّى عَلَيْهَا المَأْتَى [Thou hast found me to be the finest, or most delicate, piece of fat, to which there is a way of access]: said by a man to his companion when he esteems him weak. (JK, Sgh, K.) [See also شَحْمُهُ الرُّكَّى, or شَحْمَةُ الرُّكَّى, in art. رك.] b2: هُمْ أَرَقُّ قُلُوبًا (assumed tropical:) They are more, or most, tender-hearted; and more, or most, inclined to accept admonition. (TA.) مَرَقٌّ sing. of مَرَاقُّ, (Hr, K,) which signifies The thin, or delicate, and soft, or tender, parts of the belly: (S, K:) or the lower part thereof with what surrounds it, that is thin or delicate [in the skin]: (TA as from the S [but not in my copies of the latter]:) or the lower part of the belly, in the region of the صِفَاق [q. v.], beneath the navel: (T, TA:) and metonymically applied in a trad. respecting ablution to the lower part of the belly of a man, together with the رُفْغَانِ [or groins] and the genitals and the [other] places of which the skin is thin or delicate: and, of a camel, the أَرْفَاغ [or groins, and similar places of flexure or creasing]: (TA:) or (K) مَرَاقُّ [thus applied] has no sing. (S, K.) Also The soft part of the nose, (JK, TA,) in the side thereof; [i. e. each of the alæ thereof;] as also ↓ مُسْتَرَقٌّ: (TA:) pl. as above. (JK.) مُرَقٌّ and ↓ مَرْقُوقٌ, mentioned by ISk, (Msb, TA,) and by Az, and in the 'Ináyeh, therefore the disallowing of the latter by some is not to be regarded, (TA,) or the latter is for مَرْقُوقٌ لَهُ meaning “ compassionated,” (Mgh,) Made a slave: (Msb:) or possessed as a slave: (TA:) [or kept as a slave: (see 1, last sentence:)] fem. of the former with ة, (Msb, TA,) and so of the latter. (Msb.) [See also رَقِيقٌ, last signification.]

مُرِقٌّ A horse thin in the hoof: (K:) or light therein. (AO, TA.) مُرَقَّقٌ A cake of bread [made thin and] wide, or broad. (TA.) [See also رُقَاقٌ.]

مِرْقَاقٌ A baker's rolling-pin; (MA;) the thing with which bread is made thin [and flat]; (K;) i. q. مِحْوَرٌ [q. v.] and صَوْبَجٌ. (TA, in art. لط.) مَرْقُوقٌ: see مُرَقٌّ.

مَالٌ مُتَرَقْرقٌ لِلسِّمَنِ, or لِلْهُزَالِ, (K, TA,) and لِأَنْ يَرْمِدَ, (TA,) Cattle disposed, (K, TA,) and seen to be near, (TA,) to fatness, or to leanness, (K, TA,) and to perishing. (TA.) مُسْتَرَقٌّ: see مَرَقٌّ.

تِنِّيسُ:
بكسرتين وتشديد النون، وياء ساكنة، والسين مهملة: جزيرة في بحر مصر قريبة من البر ما بين الفرما ودمياط، والفرما في شرقيّها قال المنجمون: طولها أربع وخمسون درجة، وعرضها إحدى وثلاثون درجة وثلث في الإقليم الثالث قال الحسين بن محمد المهلّبي: أما تنيس فالحال فيها كالحال في دمياط إلا أنها أجل وأوسط، وبها تعمل الثياب الملونة والفرش البوقلمون، وبحيرتها التي هي عليها مقدار إقلاع يوم في عرض نصف يوم، ويكون ماؤها أكثر السنة ملحا لدخول ماء بحر الروم إليه عند هبوب ريح الشمال، فإذا انصرف نيل مصر في دخول الشتاء وكثر هبوب الريح الغربية حلت البحيرة وحلا سيف البحر الملح مقدار بريدين حتى يجاوز مدينه الفرما، فحينئذ يخزنون الماء في جباب لهم ويعدونه لسنتهم ومن حذق نواتيّ البحر في هذه البحيرة أنهم يقلعون بريح واحدة، يديرون القلوع بها حتى يذهبوا في جهتين مختلفتين فيلقى المركب المركب مختلف السير في مثل لحظ الطرف بريح واحدة قال:
وليس بتنيس هو امّ مؤذية لأن أرضها سبخة شديدة الملوحة. وقرأت في بعض التواريخ في أخبار تنّيس: قيل فيه إن سور تنيس ابتدئ ببنيانه في شهر ربيع الأول سنة 230، وكان والي مصر يومئذ عيسى بن منصور بن عيسى الخراساني المعروف بالرافعي من قبل ايتاخ التركي في أيام الواثق ابن المعتصم، وفرغ منه في سنة 239 في ولاية عنبسة ابن إسحاق بن شمر الضبي الهروي في أيام المتوكل، كان بينهما عدة من لولاة في هذه المدة، بطالع الحوت اثنتا عشرة درجة في أول جد الزهرة وشرفها وهو الحد الأصغر، وصاحب الطالع المشتري وهو في بيته وطبيعته، وهو السعد الأعظم في أول الإقليم الرابع الأوسط الشريف، وإنه لم يملكها من لسانه أعجمي لأن الزهرة دليلة العرب، وبها مع المشتري قامت شريعة الإسلام، فاقتضى حكم طالعها أن لا تخرج من حكم اللسان العربي. وحكي عن يوسف بن صبيح أنه رأى بها خمسمائة صاحب محبرة يكتبون الحديث، وأنه دعاهم سرّا إلى بعض جزائرها وعمل لهم طعاما يكفيهم، فتسامع به الناس فجاءه من العالم ما لا يحصى كثرة، وإن ذلك الطعام كفى الجماعة كلهم وفضل منه حتى فرّقه بركة من الله الكريم حلت فيه بفضائل الحديث الشريف.
وقيل إن الأوزاعي رأى بشر بن مالك يلتبط في المعيشة فقال: أراك تطلب الرزق، الا أدلك على أمّ متعيّش قال: وما أمّ متعيّش؟ قال: تنيس ما لزمها أقطع اليدين إلا ربّته، قال بشر: فلزمتها فكسبت فيها أربعة آلاف، وقيل: إن المسيح، عليه السلام، عبر بها في سياحته فرأى أرضا سبخة مالحة قفرة والماء الملح محيط بها، فدعا لأهلها بإدرار الرزق عليهم.
قال: وسمّيت تنّيس باسم تنيس بنت دلوكة الملكة، وهي العجوز صاحبة حائط العجوز بمصر، فإنها أول من بنى بتنيس وسمتها باسمها، وكانت ذات حدائق وبساتين، وأجرت النيل إليها، ولم يكن هناك بحر، فلما ملك دركون بن ملوطس وزمطرة من أولاد العجوز دلوكة فخافا من الروم، فشقّا من بحر الظلمات خليجا يكون حاجزا بين مصر والروم فامتدّ وطغى وأخرب كثيرا من البلاد العامرة والأقاليم المشهورة، فكان فيما أتى عليها أحنّة تنّيس وبساتينها وقراها ومزارعها ولما فتحت مصر في سنة عشرين من الهجرة كانت تنيس حينئذ خصاصا من قصب، وكان بها الروم، وقاتلوا أصحاب عمرو، وقتل بها جماعة من المسلمين، وقبورهم معروفة بقبور الشهداء عند الرمل فوق مسجد غازي وجانب الأكوام، وكانت الوقعة عند قبّة أبي جعفر بن زيد، وهي الآن تعرف بقبّة الفتح، وكانت تنيس تعرف بذات الأخصاص إلى صدر من أيام بني أميّة، ثم إن أهلها بنوا قصورا ولم تزل كذلك إلى صدر من أيام بني العباس، فبني سورها كما ذكرنا، ودخلها أحمد ابن طولون في سنة 269، فبنى بها عدّة صهاريج وحوانيت في السوق كثيرة، وتعرف بصهاريج الأمير.
وأما صفتها فهي جزيرة في وسط بحيرة مفردة عن البحر الأعظم يحيط بهذه البحيرة البحر من كل جهة، وبينها وبين البحر الأعظم برّ آخر مستطيل، وهي جزيرة بين البحرين، وأول هذا البر قرب الفرما والطينة، وهناك فوهة يدخل منها ماء البحر الأعظم إلى بحيرة تنيس في موضع يقال له القرباج، فيه مراكب تعبر من برّ الفرما إلى البر المستطيل الذي ذكرنا أنه يحول بين البحر الأعظم وبحيرة تنيس، يسار في ذلك البر نحو ثلاثة أيام إلى قرب دمياط، وهناك أيضا فوهة أخرى تأخذ من البحر الأعظم إلى بحيرة تنيس، وبالقرب من ذلك فوهة النيل الذي يلقي إلى بحيرة تنيس، فإذا تكاملت زيادة النيل غلبت حلاوته على ماء البحر فصارت البحيرة حلوة، فحينئذ يدخر أهل تنيس المياه في صهاريجهم ومصانعهم لسنتهم، وكان لأهل الفرما قنوات تحت الأرض تسوق إليهم الماء إذا حلت البحيرة، وهي ظاهرة الى الأرض، وصورتها في الصفحة المقابلة.
قال صاحب تاريخ تنيس: ولتنيس موسم يكون فيه من أنواع الطيور ما لا يكون في موضع آخر، وهي مائة ونيف وثلاثون صنفا، وهي: السلوى، القبج المملوح، النصطفير، الزرزور، الباز الرومي، الصفري، الدبسي، البلبل، السقاء، القمري، الفاختة، النواح، الزّريق، النوبي، الزاغ، الهدهد، الحسيني، الجرادي، الأبلق، الراهب، الخشّاف، البزين، السلسلة، درداري، الشماص، البصبص، الأخضر، الأبهق، الأزرق، الخضير، أبو الحناء، أبو كلب، أبو دينار، وارية الليل، وارية النهار، برقع أم علي، برقع أم حبيب، الدوري، الزنجي،
الشامي، شقراق، صدر النحاس، البلسطين، الستة الخضراء، الستة السوداء، الأطروش، الخرطوم، ديك الكرم، الضريس، الرقشة الحمراء، الرقشة الزرقاء، الكسر جوز، الكسر لوز، السمانى، ابن المرعة، اليونسة، الوروار، الصردة، الحصية الحمراء، القبرة، المطوق، السقسق، السلار، المرع، السكسكة، الارجوجة، الخوخة، فردقفص، الاورث، السلونية، السهكة، البيضاء، اللبس، العــروس، الوطواط، العصفور، الروب، اللفات، الجرين، القليلة، العسر، الأحمر، الأزرق، البشرير، البون، البرك، البرمسي، الحصاري، الزجاجي، البج، الحمر، الرومي، الملاعقي، البط الصيني، الغرناق، الأقرح، البلوى، السطرف، البشروش، وز الفرط، أبو قلمون، أبو قير، أبو منجل، البجع، الكركي، الغطاس، البلجوب، البطميس، البجوبة، الرقادة، الكروان البحري، الكروان الحرحي، القرلّى، الخروطة، الحلف، الارميل، القلقوس، اللدد، العقعق، البوم، الورشان، القطا، الدّرّاج، الحجل، البازي، الصردي، الصقر، الهام، الغراب، الأبهق، الباشق، الشاهين، العقاب، الحداء، الرخمة، وقيل: إن البجع من طيور جيحون وما سوى هذا الجنس من طيور نهر جيحون وما سوى ذلك من طيور نهري العراق: دجلة والفرات، وإن البصبص يركب ظهر ما اتفق له من هذه الطيور، ويصل إلى تنيس طير كثير لا يعرف اسمه صغار وكبار، ويعرف بها من السمك تسعة وسبعون صنفا، وهي: البوري، البلمو، البرو، اللبب، البلس، السكس، الاران، الشموس، النسا، الطوبان، البقسمار، الأحناس، الأنكليس، المعينة، البنّي، الإبليل، الفريص، الدونيس، المرتنوس، الاسقملوس، النفط، الخبار، البلطي، الحجف، القلارية، الرخف، العير، التون، اللت، القجاج، القروص، الكليس، الأكلس، الفراخ، القرقاج، الزلنج، اللاج، الأكلت، الماضي، الجلاء، السلاء، البرقش، البلك، المسط، القفا، السور، حوت الحجر، البشين، الشربوت، البساس، الرعاد، المخيرة،
اللبس، السطور، الراي، الليف، اللبيس، الابرميس، الاتونس، اللباء، العميان، المناقير، القلميدس، الحلبوة، الرقاص، القريدس، الجبر، هو كباره، الصيح، المجزّع، الدّلّينس، الأشبال، المساك الأبيض، الزقزوق، أم عبيد، السلور، أم الأسنان، الأبسارية، اللجاة.
وينسب إليها خلق كثير من أهل العلم، منهم:
محمد بن علي بن الحسين بن أحمد أبو بكر التنيسي المعروف بالنقّاش، قال أبو القاسم الدمشقي: سمع بدمشق محمد بن حريم ومحمد بن عتاب الزّفتي وأحمد بن عمير بن جوصا وحمامة بن محمد وسعيد ابن عبد العزيز والسلّام بن معاذ التميمي ومحمد بن عبد الله مكحولا البيروتي وأبا عبد الرحمن السناني وأبا القاسم البغوي وزكرياء بن يحيى الساجي وأبا بكر الباغندي وأبا يعلى الموصلي وغيرهم، روى عنه الدارقطني وغيره، ومات سنة 369 في شعبان، ومولده في رمضان سنة 282 وأبو زكرياء يحيى بن أبي حسان التنيسي الشامي، أصله من دمشق سكن تنيس، يروي عن الليث بن سعد وعبد الله بن الحسن بن طلحة ابن إبراهيم بن محمد بن يحيى بن كامل أبو محمد البصري المعروف بابن النحاس من أهل تنيس قدم دمشق ومعه ابناه محمد وطلحة، وسمع الكثير من أبي بكر الخطيب، وكتب تصانيفه، وعبد العزيز الكناني وأبي الحسن بن أبي الحديد وغيرهم، ثم حدث بها وببيت المقدس عن جماعة كثيرة، فروى عنه الفقيه المقدسي وأبو محمد بن الأكفاني ووثّقه وغيرهما، وكان مولده في سادس ذي القعدة سنة 404، ومات بتنيس سنة 461 وقيل 462.