ذكو

1 ذَكَتِ النَّارُ, (S, K, &c.,) aor. ـْ (S,) inf. n. ذَكًا (S, Mgh, K, &c.) and ذَكَآءٌ accord. to Z (K) and ذُكُوٌّ, (M, K, TA,) like عُلُوٌّ; (TA; [accord. to the CK ذَكْوٌ; and so accord. to the MA, as well as ذُكُوٌّ and ذَكًا;]) and ↓ استذكت; (K;) The fire blazed, or flamed; burned up; or burned brightly or fiercely: (S:) or blazed, or flamed, vehemently, or intensely: (K:) or blazed, flamed, or burned up, completely; agreeably with the primary signification of the root, which is “ completeness. ” (Mgh.) b2: ذَكَا المِسْكُ The mush gave forth odour, or fragrance; (MA;) [or a strong, or pungent, odour; for] the primary signification of ذَكًا in relation to odour is the being strong, [or pungent,] in sweetness or in fetidness. (TA.) b3: ذَكِىَ, aor. ـْ (S, Msb, K) and ذَكَا, (Msb, K,) aor. ـْ (K,) or ـْ (Msb;) and ذَكُوَ, (MA, K,) aor. ـْ (K;) all three mentioned by ISd; (TA;) inf. n. ذَكَآء; (S, MA, K, * TA; [in my copy of the Msb, the inf. n. of the first is said to be ذَكًى; but this is app. a mistranscription; or the author perhaps held ذَكًى, more properly written ذَكًا, to be the inf. n.; for he says that ذَكِىَ is of the class of تَعِبَ, of which the inf. n. is تَعَبٌ, and afterwards mentions ذَكَآءُ as though he held this to be a simple subst.;]) said of a man, (S, Msb,) He was, or became, sharp, or acute, in mind, (S, TA,) with quickness of perception, and of intelligence, understanding, sagacity, skill, or knowledge: (TA:) or quick of understanding, (Msb, K,) or intelligence, sagacity, skill, or knowledge: (K:) or quick of perception, and sharp, or acute, in understanding: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or quick in drawing conclusions. (TA. [See ذَكَآءُ, below.]) [Also, app., said of a camel, and the like, meaning He was, or became, sharp in spirit. See ذَكِىٌّ.]

A2: [ذَكَا seems to have been also used by some as meaning He (a beast) was, or became, legalty slaughtered; and consequently, legally clean: or to have been supposed to have this signification. b2: And hence,] أَيُّمَا أَرْضٍ جَفَّتْ فَقَدْ ذَكَتْ means (assumed tropical:) Whatever ground has become dry, it has become clean, or pure: but [Mtr, after mentioning this, adds,] I have not found it in the lexicons. (Mgh. [See also ذَكَاةٌ, below.]) 2 ذكّى النَّارَ, (T, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَذْكِيَةٌ, (S, TA,) He made the fire to blaze or flame, to burn up, or to burn brightly or fiercely; (T, S, K;) as also ↓ اذكاها: (S, K:) or he supplied the fire fully with fuel: (Msb, TA:) and السِّرَاجَ ↓ اذكى He lighted the lamp. (Har p. 53.) b2: [ذكّى العَقْلَ, and ذكّى alone, said of a medicine &c., It sharpened the intellect.]

A2: ذكّى, (Mgh, Msb,) inf. n. as above, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) He slaughtered (S, Mgh, Msb, K) an animal, (Mgh,) or a camel and the like, (Msb,) in the manner [prescribed by the law,] termed ذَبْحٌ, (S, Mgh, K,) i. e., (Mgh, K,) in the manner termed ذَكَاةٌ [q. v. infrà]. (Mgh, Msb, K.) The proper signification of التَّذْكِيَةُ is The causing the natural heat to pass forth: but it is peculiarly applied in the law to signify the destroying of life in a particular manner, exclusive of any other manner. (Er-Rághib, TA.) إِلَّا مَا ذَكَّيْتُمْ, in the Kur [v. 4], means Except that whereof ye shall attain to the ذَكَاة [or slaughter in the manner prescribed by the law] (Bd, Msb, TA) said of a man, (S,) He became old, or advanced in age, (S, K,) and big-bodied, or corpulent: (K:) [or he attained to full growth or age: said of a man, and of a horse and the like:] see ذَكَآءٌ, last sentence. [See also مُذَكٍّ, below.]) 4 أَذْكَوَ see 2, in two places. b2: [Hence,] أَذْكَيْتُ الحَرْبَ (assumed tropical:) I kindled war. (TA.) b3: أَذْكَيْتُ عَلَيْهِ العُيُونَ I sent against him the scouts. (S.) 10 إِسْتَذْكَوَ see 1, first sentence. b2: [Hence, app.,] استذكى الفَحْلُ عَلَى الأُنْثَى (assumed tropical:) The stallion pressed vehemently upon the female. (TA.) ذَكًا an inf. n. of 1; The blazing, or flaming, &c., of fire. (S, K, &c. [See 1, first sentence.]) b2: See also ذُكْوَةٌ.

A2: And see ذَكَاةٌ.

ذَكٍ a possessive epithet: (ISd, TA:) you say نَارٌ ذَكِيَةٌ, (K, TA,) without teshdeed, (TA, [in the CK ذَكِيَّةٌ,]) A fire blazing, or flaming, &c. (K, TA.) ذَكَاةٌ: see ذُكْوَةٌ.

A2: [Also] a subst. (Mgh, Msb, TA) syn. with تَذْكِيَةٌ (Mgh, Msb, K, TA) as signifying ذَبْحٌ [i. e. The slaughter of an animal for food in the manner prescribed by the law]; (Mgh, K, TA;) as also ↓ ذَكًا, (K, TA, [in the CK ذَكاء,) which is likewise said to be a simple subst.: (TA: [in the TK, ذَكًا and ذَكَاةٌ are both said to be inf. ns., of which the verb is ذَكَا, signifying ذَبَحَ; but this I do not find in any lexicon of authority:]) it is satisfactorily performed by the severing of the windpipe and gullet, as is related on the authority of Ahmad [Ibn-Hambal], or, as is also related on his authority, by severing them an also the وَدَجَانِ, [or two external jugular veins], less than which is not lawful; or, accord to A boo-Haneefeh, the severing of the windpipe and gullet and one of the ودجان; or, accord. to Málik, the severing of the أَوَدَاج [or external jugular veins] though it be without the severing of the windpipe. (Msb.) The saying ذَكَاةُ الجَنِينِ ذَكَاةُ أُمِّهِ is for ذَكَاةُ الجَنِينِ هِىَ ذَكَاةُ أُمِّهِ [The legal slaughter of the fœtus, or young in the belly, it is the legal slaughter of its mother]: (Msb, TA:) or it is an instance of the transposition of the inchoative and enunciative, (Mgh, Msb,) its implied meaning being ذَكَاةُ أُمِّ الجَنِينِ ذَكَاةٌ لَهُ [The legal slaughter of the mother of the fœtus, or young in the belly, is a legal slaughter of it also; so that the latter, like the former, may be lawfully eaten]; (Msb;) i. e., when she is legally slaughtered, it is legally slaughtered: (TA:) the use of the accus. case (Mgh, TA) in the like thereof, (Mgh,) [or] in the phrase ذكاة امّه, [i. e., the saying ذَكَاةَ أُمِّهِ,] is a mistake. (Mgh, TA.) b2: Hence the saying of Mohammad Ibn-El-Hanafeeyeh, ذَكَاةُ الأَرْضِ يُبْسُهُا (assumed tropical:) [The cleanness, or purity, of the ground is its becoming dry]; i. e., when it becomes dry from the moisture of uncleanness, it becomes clean, like as a beast becomes clean by means of legal slaughter. (Mgh. [See also 1, last sentence.]) ذُكْوَةٌ, (T, TA, &c.,) with damm, not ذَكْوَةٌ as the text of the K indicates it to be (TA) [and as it is written in the copies thereof], and ذُكْيَةٌ, (S, TA,) also with damm, (TA,) [in the copies of the K ذَكْيَة,] What is thrown upon the fire, (T, S, K, *) of firewood, or of camel's or similar dung, (T,) to make it blaze, or flame, or burn up, or burn brightly or fiercely. (S, K.) b2: Also the former, A blazing, or flaming, coal of fire; and so ↓ ذَكًا, (K, TA,) with the short ا, on the authority of IDrd; [in the CK ذَكَاء;] or, as in the M, ↓ ذَكَاةٌ. (TA.) ذَكْوَانٌ A kind of trees: n. un. with ة: (IAar, TA:) the pl. of the latter is ذَكَاوِينُ, and signifies small [trees of the kind called] سَرْح [q. v.]. (M, K, TA. [In the CK, السَّرْج is erroneously put for السَّرْح.]) ذَكَآءُ Sharpness, or acuteness, of mind, (S, Msb, TA,) with quickness of perception, and of intelligence, understanding, sagacity, skill, or knowledge: (TA:) or completeness of intelligence, with quickness of apprehension: (Msb:) or quickness of intelligence, understanding, sagacity, skill, or knowledge: (K:) or quickness of perception, and sharpness, or acuteness, of understanding: thus applied, it is like the phrase فُلَانٌ شُعْلَةُ نَارٍ: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or quickness in drawing conclusions. (TA. [See ذِهْنٌ: and see also 1.]) [It app. signifies also Sharpness of spirit; as a quality of a camel and the like. See ذَكِىٌّ.] b2: Also Age: (S, K:) or full, or complete, age: so says Mbr in the “ Kámil: ” (TA:) contr. of فَتَآءٌ: (Ham p. 217:) accord. to Az, its primary signification, universally, is a state of completeness: and الذَّكَآءُ فِى السِّنّ meanscompleteness of age: accord. to Kh, it means the age of completeness of strength, [app. in a horse, or any solid-hoofed animal, for he says that it is] when a year has passed after the قُرُوح [or finishing of teething]: (TA:) or ذَكَآءُ السِّنِّ means the utmost term of youthfulness; from the primary signification of the root, which is “ a state of completeness. ” (Mgh.) Hence the saying of El-Hajjáj, فُرِرْتُ عَنْ ذَكَآءٍ [I have been examined as to age; app. meaning (assumed tropical:) my abilities have been tested and proved]: and بَلَغَتِ الدَّابَّةُ الذَّكَآءَ The beast attained to [fulness of] age (S, TA.) [Hence, also,] one says, فَتَآ فُلَانٍ

كَذَكَآءِ فُلَانٍ and فُلَانٍ ↓ كَتَذْكِيَةِ [The youthfulness of such a one is like the fulness of age of such a one], i. e., the prudence, or discretion, of such a one notwithstanding his deficiency of age is like the prudence, or discretion, of such a one with his fulness of age. (Ham p. 217.) ذُكَآءُ, imperfectly decl., The sun: (S, K:) determinate, and not admitting the article ال: you say, هٰذِهِ ذُكَآءُ طَالِعَةٌ [This is the sun rising]: (S:) derived from ذَكَتِ النَّارُ. (TA.) b2: Hence, (S,) اِبْنُ ذُكَآءَ The dawn, or daybreak: (S, K:) because it is from the light of the sun. (S.) Homeyd says, [or, accord. to some, Besheer Ibn-En-Nikth, as in one of my copies of the S, in art. كفر,] فَوَرَدَتْ قَبْلَ انْبِلَاجِ الفَجْرِ وَابْنُ ذُكَآءَ كَامِنٌ فِى الكَفْرِ [And she, or they, came to the water before the bright shining of the daybreak, while the dawn lay kid in the darkness of night]. (S.) ذَكِىٌّ, applied to musk, and so ذَكِيَّةٌ, (K, TA,) for مِسْكٌ, as is said by IAmb, is both masc. and fem., and so is عَنْبَرٌ, (TA,) and ↓ ذَاكٍ, Diffusing odour: (K:) or having a strong [or pungent] odour. (TA. [See 1, second sentence.]) Yousay also رَائِحَةٌ ذَكِيَّةٌ A sharp [or pungent, or a strong,] odour [whether sweet or fetid]; syn. حَادَّةٌ. (K in art. حد.) b2: Applied to a man, Having the attribute, or quality, termed ذَكَآء, (S, Msb, K,) as meaning sharpness, or acuteness, (S, Msb,) or quickness, (K,) of mind, (S, Msb,) or of intel-ligence, &c.: (K, TA, &c.:) pl. أَذْكِيَآءُ. (Msb, TA.) It is also, sometimes, applied to a camel [or the like, as meaning Sharp in spirit: see فُؤَادٌ]. (TA.) A2: Also i. q. ذَبِيحٌ [meaning Slaughtered in the manner prescribed by the law, termed ذَبْحٌ and ذَكَاةٌ]: (K:) it is of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ: (Msb:) and [therefore] you say شَاةٌ ذَكِىٌّ, meaning [a sheep, or goat, slaughtered in the manner above mentioned; and also,] to whose ذَكَاة [or slaughter in that manner] one has attained [while life yet remained therein: see 2]: (Mgh, Msb:) ذَكِيَّةٌ [as its fem.] is extr. [like ذَبِيحَةٌ]. (TA.) b2: Hence, جِلْدٌ ذَكِىٌّ (tropical:) A skin stripped from an animal that has been slaughtered in the manner mentioned above. (Mgh.) ذَاكٍ: see the next preceding paragraph.

مُذْكٍ; and the fem., مُذْكِيَةٌ: see the following paragraph, in three places.

مُذَكٍّ, applied to a man, (TA,) Old, or advanced in age, and big-bodied, or corpulent: (K, TA:) [or full-grown, or of full age: see ذَكَآءٌ:] or an old man, but only such as is much experienced and disciplined: (Er-Rághib, TA:) and accord. to ISd, anything [i. e. any animal] old, or advanced in age: by some especially applied to a solid-hoofed animal; and said to mean one that has passed the قُرُوح [or finishing of teething] by a year: (TA:) or مَذَاكٍ, (S, K, TA,) which is its pl., (S, TA,) [(like as مُذَكِّيَاتٌ is pl. of the fem.,) and also pl. of its syn. ↓ مُذْكٍ,] signifies, applied to horses, (S, K, TA,) of generous race, advanced in age, (TA,) that have passed a year, or two years, after their قُرُوح: (S, K, TA:) the sing. is like مُخْلِفٌ applied to a camel: (S, TA:) or مُذَكٍّ signifies a horse of full age and of complete strength; as also ↓ مُذْكٍ: (Ham p. 217:) or a horse whose run becomes spent (يَذْهِبُ), and [then, but not before he has exhausted his power,] stops. (TA.) It is said in a prov., جَرْىُ المُذَكِّيَاتُ غِلَابٌ [The running of the horses that have attained to their full age and strength is a contending for superiority]: (Meyd, and so in some copies of the S:) it may mean that the horse in this case contends for superiority with him that runs with him; or that his second run is always more than his first, and his third than his second: (Meyd:) or, as some relate it, غِلَآءٌ; (Meyd, and so in other copies of the S in this art., and in the S and K in art غلو;) meaning that the running of such horses is several bowshots: (Meyd, and S and K in art. غلو:) it is applied to him who is described as entering into contests for excellence with his compeers. (Meyd.) b2: [Hence,] ↓ سَحَابَةٌ مُذْكِيَةٌ, (K,) or, as in the Tekmileh, مُذَكِّيَةٌ, (TA,) (assumed tropical:) A cloud that has rained time after time. (K, TA.) Quasi ذكى ذُكْيَةٌ: see ذُكْوَةٌ, in art. ذكو.

ذَكِىٌّ: see art. ذكو

حَشْو
: (و} الحَشْوُ: صغارُ الإِبِلِ) الَّتِي لَا كِبارَ فِيهَا، ( {كالحاشِيَةِ) ، سُمِّيَت بذلِكَ لأنَّها} تَحْشُو الكِبارَ أَي تَتَخَلَّلُها، أَو لإِصابَتِها حشى الكِبارِ إِذا انْضَمَّتْ إِلَى جَنْبِها؛ وكذلِكَ {الحاشِيَةُ مِن الناسِ، والجَمْعُ} الحَواشِي.
وَفِي حدِيثِ الزَّكاةِ: (خُذْ مِن {حَواشِي أَمْوالِهم) .
قالَ ابنُ الأثيرِ: هِيَ صِغارُ الإِبِلِ كابنِ المَخاضِ وابنِ اللَّبُونِ.
(و) الحَشْوُ: (فَضْلُ الكَلامِ) الَّذِي لَا يُعَتَمَدُ عَلَيْهِ.
(و) الحَشْوُ: (نَفْسُ الرَّجُلِ) على المَثَلِ.
(و) الحَشْوُ: (ملءُ الوِسادَةِ وغَيْرِها بشيءٍ) ، كالقُطْنِ ونحوِهِ، وَقد} حَشاها {يَحْشُوها} حَشْواً؛ (وَمَا يُجْعَلُ فِيهَا {حَشْوٌ أَيْضاً) على لَفْظِ المصْدَرِ.
(} والحَشِيَّةُ، كغَنِيَّةٍ: الفِراشُ {المَحْشُوُّ) ، والجَمْعُ} الحَشَايا.
(و) {الحَشِيَّةُ: (مِرْفَقَةٌ أَو مِصْدَغَةٌ) أَو نحوُها (تُعَظِّمُ بهَا المَرْأَةُ بَدَنَها أَو عَجِيزَتَها) لتُظَنَّ مُبْدَنَةً أَو عَجْزاء، والجَمْعُ} الحَشَايا، أَنْشَدَ ثَعْلَب:
إِذا مَا الزُّلُّ ضاعَفْنَ الحَشَايا
كَفاها أنْ يُلاثَ بهَا الإِزارُ ( {كالمِحْشَى) ، كمِنْبَرٍ، والجَمْعُ} المحَاشِي؛ قالَ الشَّاعِرُ:
جُمّاً غَنيَّاتٍ عَن المَحاشِي ( {واحْتَشَتْها و) } احْتَشَتْ (بهَا) : كِلاهُما (لَبِسَتْها) ؛ عَن ابنِ الأعرابيِّ؛ وأَنْشَدَ:
لَا {تَحْتَشِي إلاَّ الصَّميمَ الصّادِقا يَعْنِي أنَّها لَا تَلْبَسُ الحَشَايا لأنَّ عِظَمَ عَجِيزَتها يُغْنيها عَن ذلِكَ؛ وأَنْشَدَ فِي التَّعدِّي بالباءِ:
كانتْ إِذا الزُّلُّ} احْتَشَينَ بالنُّقَبْ
تُلْقِي الحَشايا مَا لَها فِيهَا أَرَبْ (و) {احْتَشَى (الشَّيءُ: امْتَلأَ) ،} كاحْتِشاءِ الرَّجُلِ من الطَّعامِ. (و) {احْتَشَتِ (المُسْتَحاضَةُ:} حَشَتْ نَفْسَها بالمَفارِمِ) ونحوِها، وكَذلِكَ الرَّجُلُ ذُو الإِبْرِدَةِ.
وَفِي الحدِيثِ: قَالَ لامرأَةٍ: {احْتَشِي كُرْسُفاً، وَهُوَ القُطْنُ} تَحْشُو بِهِ فَرْجَها.
وَفِي الصِّحاحِ: والحائِضُ {تَحْتَشِي بالكُرْسُفِ لتَحْبسَ الدَّمَ.
(و) يقالُ: (أتَاهُ فَمَا أَجَلَّهُ وَلَا} حاشاهُ) ، أَي: (مَا أَعْطاهُ جَلِيلَةً وَلَا {حاشِيَةً.
(} والحَشا: مَا فِي البَطْنِ) ، وتَثْنِيتُه {حَشَوان، وَهُوَ مِن ذَواتِ الواوِ والياءِ لأنَّه ممَّا يُثَنَّى بالياءِ وبالواوِ، (ج} أَحْشاءٌ.
( {وحَشاهُ) سَهْماً حَشْواً: (أصَاب} حَشاهُ.
( {والمَحْشَى: مَوْضِعُ الطَّعامِ فِي البَطْنِ) ، والجَمْعُ} المَحاشِي.
وقالَ الأَصمعيُّ: أَسْفَلُ مَواضِع الطَّعام الَّذِي يُوءَدِّي إِلَى المَذْهَبِ {المَحْشاةُ، والجَمْعُ المَحاشِي، وَهُوَ المَبْعَرُ مِن الدَّوابِ.
وقالَ: إيَّاكُم وإتْيانَ النِّساءِ فِي} مَحاشِيهنَّ فإنَّ كلَّ {مَحْشاةٍ حَرامٌ.
وَفِي الحدِيثِ: (} مَحاشِي النِّساء حَرامٌ) .
قالَ ابنُ الأثيرِ: هَكَذَا جاءَ فِي رِوايَةٍ، وَهِي جَمْعُ مَحْشاةٍ لأَسْفَل مَوَاضِع الطَّعامِ مِن الأَمْعاءِ فكَنَى بِهِ عَن الأَدْبارِ.
(و) حكَى اللحْيانيُّ: (مَا أَكْثَر {حِشْوَةَ أَرْضِه، بالضَّمِّ والكَسْر: أَي} حَشْوَها، و) مَا فِيهَا مِن (دَغَلِها) ، وَهُوَ مَجازٌ.
(وأَرضٌ {حَشاةٌ: سَوْداءُ لَا خَيْرَ فِيهَا) ، وَهُوَ مجازٌ.
وممَّا يُسْتدركُ عَلَيْهِ:
} حُشْوَةُ البَطْنِ {وحُشْوَتُه، بالضمِّ والكسْرِ: أمْعاوهُ.
وَقَالَ الأزهريُّ والشافِعِيُّ جَمِيعُ مَا فِي البَطْنِ} حِشْوَةٌ مَا عَدَا الشَّحْم فإنَّه ليسَ من {الحِشْوَةِ.
وقالَ الأصمعيُّ: الحُشْوَةُ مَواضِعُ الطَّعامِ وَفِيه} الأَحْشاءُ والأَقْصابُ. {والحَشْوُ: القُطْنُ} وحَشَا الغَيْظَ {يَحْشُوه} حَشْواً؛ قالَ المرَّارُ:
{وحَشَوْتُ الغَيْظَ فِي أَضْلاعِه
فَهُوَ يَمْشِي خطلاناً كالنَّقِر} ْوحُشِيَ الرَّجُل غَيْظاً وكِبْراً كِلاهُما على المَثَلِ؛ وأنْشَدَ ثَعْلَب:
وَلَا تَأْنَفا أنْ تَسْأَلا وتُسَلِّما
فَمَا {حُشِيَ الإِنْسانُ شَرّاً من الكِبْرِوحُشِيَ الرَّجُلُ بالنَّفْس} وحُشِيَها؛ قالَ يزيدُ بنُ الحَكَم الثَّقَفِيُّ:
وَمَا بَرِحَتْ نَفْسٌ لَجُوجٌ {حُشِيتَها
بِذَيْبك حَتَّى قيلَ هَل أَنتَ مُكْتَوي} وحَشْوُ البَيْتِ مِن الشِّعْر: أَجْزاؤُه غَيْر عَرُوضِه وضَرْبِهِ.
{وحِشْوَةُ الناسِ رُذالُهم.
} والحشْوُ: مَا {يُحْشَى بِهِ بَطْنُ الــخَرُوفِ مِن التَّوابِلِ، والجَمْعُ} المحاشِي على غيرِ قياسٍ.
{والمَحاشِي: أَكْسِيَةٌ خَشِنَةٌ تَحلِقُ الجِلْدَ، واحِدُها} مِحْشاةٌ؛ عَن الأصْمعيّ.
وتقدَّمَ ذلكَ للمصنِّفِ فِي الهَمْزةِ؛ نَقَلَه الجَوهرِيُّ، قالَ: وقَوْلُ الشاعِرِ، وَهُوَ النابِغَةُ.
اجْمَعْ {مِحاشَكَ يَا يَزِيدُ فإنَّني
أَعْدَدْتُ يَرْبوعاً لكم وَتَمِيماقالَ: هُوَ مِن} الحَشْوِ.
قَالَ ابنُ برِّي: وَهُوَ غَلَطٌ قَبيحٌ إنّما هُوَ مِن المَحْش وَهُوَ الحَرْقُ، وَقد فَسَّر هَذِه اللَّفَظْةَ فِي فَصْل مَحَش، وتقدَّمَ مَا يَتَعلَّقُ بِهِ هُنَاكَ.
{واحْتَشَتِ الرُّمَّانَةُ بالحبِّ: امْتَلأَتْ.
ورُمَّانةٌ} مُحْتَشِيَةٌ.
وبَنُو ــحشيبر: قَبيلَةٌ باليَمَنِ، والأَصْلُ فِيهِ حشى برا، وَقد ذُكِرَتْ فِي الراءِ.